tokens: Candidates for the first thinkers to form these views , as well as the idea of a non-physical " agent-causal " libertarianism , include Democritus ( 460 – 370 ) , Aristotle ( 384 – 322 ) , Epicurus ( 341 – 270 ) , Chrysippus ( 280 – 207 ) , and Carneades ( 214 – 129 ) .