<p>(盡)(是)(女)(身)，(後)(不復)(受)</p>

<p>(結束)(此)(女性)(身形)，(後世)(不再)(承受)</p>

<p>After finishing this female form, she will not take/receive it again in the future lifes.</p>

<p>(知道意思就好了，不要太在意細節。)</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T10:15:22.980Z
2017-06-23T10:15:22.980Z
SLS
<p>burton's translation is not a &quot;word by word&quot; mode, imo, it's quite good, if you understand the assumptions.</p>
<p>first, &quot;受持&quot; (vigrāhayati, to accept and maintain faith) is a specialised  term.</p>
<p>the last character 受, i guess it's a short form of 受生 (utpadyamāna,     being produced or generated)</p>
<p>the verse quoted, i would interpret it as:</p>
<p>if (若) there's a woman (有女人)
hears (聞) this (是)
bodhisattva medicine king's 藥王菩薩
former affairs (本事)
chapter (品)</p>
<p>and (assumed)
able to (能)
accept and maintain faith (受持 vigrāhayati)
者 (article)</p>
<p>when (assumed) complete (盡 --&gt; complete the life of) this (是) female body (女身)</p>
<p>afterward, (後) not again (不復) being produced (受 --&gt;受生, utpadyamāna) as woman (assumed)</p>
<p>the underlying assumptions are:</p>
<p>in ancient buddhism, females are consider inferior than males. that, only males are able to attain buddhahood (成佛)</p>
<p>the verse emphasizes the greatness of lotus sutra (妙法蓮華經), that even an inferior being, such as &quot;woman&quot;, if she can &quot;hear, accept and maintain faith&quot; in one of its chapter, she made good karma. with such good karma, she can avoid to reincarnate again as female; that she would reincarnate as a male, so, have chance to attain buddhahood.</p>
<p>very appealing in ancient patriarchal society, for females who are able to read.</p>
<p>edited, to rectify my mistakes.</p>
<p>in chapter 12 &quot;提婆達多品&quot;, of lotus sutra (妙法蓮華經), there's a story of &quot;dragon girl&quot; (龍女).</p>
<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sariputta" rel="nofollow noreferrer">sāriputta</a> (舍利弗) said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>女人身猶有五障</p>
<p>一者不得作梵天王</p>
<p>二者帝釋</p>
<p>三者魔王</p>
<p>四者轉輪聖王</p>
<p>五者佛身</p>
</blockquote>
<p>then, a dragon girl (龍女) suddenly changed to male; afterward, &quot;attained buddhahood&quot; (成佛).</p>
<blockquote>
<p>當時眾會﹒皆見龍女忽然之間變成男子</p>
<p>. . .</p>
<p>皆遙見彼龍女成佛</p>
</blockquote>
<p>hope it's correct now :)</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/oLYei.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/oLYei.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T22:51:45.717Z
可能女士重要的。五祖弘忍根慧能说：有情来下种　　因地果还生
无情既无种　　无性亦无生 ‘无性亦无生‘！
Pedroski
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-24T04:24:46.313Z
May I ask a simple question?
'What is the source of "only males can gain nivarna"? '
Many bhiksunis in the era of Buddha were arhats.
If the female cannot enter nirvana, these saints should be alive now.
Right?
young99
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-24T09:18:08.690Z
@young99, i edited the answer, have a look :)
水巷孑蠻
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-24T09:47:58.393Z
Your logic is not correct.
*only male can attain buddhahood* does **NOT** mean *only male can gain nivarna*.
All arhats (阿羅漢), pratyekabuddhas (辟支佛) and Buddhas (佛陀) can gain nivarna.
Although Buddhas must be males, the arhats and pratyekabuddhas can be females.
So, the female can gain nivarna.
Your explanation is not correct.
young99
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-24T10:37:31.573Z
so, how do you interpret the story of "dragon girl"?
水巷孑蠻
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-24T11:11:03.370Z
First, I do not have to interpret the story of "dragon girl".
Not just because I do not see anything wrong about it.
What 舍利弗 said does not include arhats and pratyekabuddhas.
It means the females can be the arhats and pratyekabuddhas, and can gain nirvana.
young99
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T10:52:22.107Z
2017-06-24T11:18:01.253Z
2020-06-17T09:50:11.587Z
水巷孑蠻
<p>From Chapter 23:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>若有女人聞是藥王菩薩本事品，能受持者，盡是女身，後不復受。</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Burton Watson, a famous translator, renders the passage thusly:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>If there is a woman who hears this chapter on the Former Affairs of
  the Bodhisattva Medicine King and is able to accept and uphold it,
  that will be her last appearance in a woman’s body and she will never
  be born in that form again.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Question: how does the 受 translate to "born in that form"? If 受 is not the character that is being read thusly, then how did Burton Watson arrive at his conclusion?</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T05:17:54.267Z
translation not literal: 受 occurs twice, 1.能受持者 able to accept and uphold it, 2.後不復受, thereafter will never again accept and uphold, note that among  jukuu's 17 samples for 受持 there is only one with the unbroken pair 受持 which again is taken from text containing  "Bodhisattva"
user6065
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T05:19:13.710Z
If I may inquire further, where in the Chinese does it establish "born in that form"? That is what I can't make sense of.
Caoimhghin
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T05:33:19.693Z
good question, 盡是女身 or 尽是女身 contains 身 (body, "form")
user6065
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-06-23T15:32:22.610Z
This is a bad place to ask such question. India ancient Sutra contains lots of philosophy metaphor that you cannot translate straight from the sentences.  We need a "Guru" to interpret the Sanskrit metaphor.
mootmoot
<translation>
Question about 受 in the Lotus Sutra
# Question about 受 in the Lotus Sutra

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-06-23)

From Chapter 23:

> 若有女人聞是藥王菩薩本事品，能受持者，盡是女身，後不復受。

Burton Watson, a famous translator, renders the passage thusly:

> If there is a woman who hears this chapter on the Former Affairs of
> the Bodhisattva Medicine King and is able to accept and uphold it,
> that will be her last appearance in a woman’s body and she will never
> be born in that form again.

Question: how does the 受 translate to "born in that form"? If 受 is not the character that is being read thusly, then how did Burton Watson arrive at his conclusion?

**Tags:** translation
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: translation not literal: 受 occurs twice, 1.能受持者 able to accept and uphold it, 2.後不復受, thereafter will never again accept and uphold, note that among  jukuu's 17 samples for 受持 there is only one with the unbroken pair 受持 which again is taken from text containing  "Bodhisattva"  
> **username_0**: If I may inquire further, where in the Chinese does it establish "born in that form"? That is what I can't make sense of.  
> **username_1**: good question, 盡是女身 or 尽是女身 contains 身 (body, "form")  
> **username_2**: This is a bad place to ask such question. India ancient Sutra contains lots of philosophy metaphor that you cannot translate straight from the sentences.  We need a "Guru" to interpret the Sanskrit metaphor.  

---

## 2 answers

### Answer by username_3 on 2017-06-23. Score: 5

(盡)(是)(女)(身)，(後)(不復)(受)

(結束)(此)(女性)(身形)，(後世)(不再)(承受)

After finishing this female form, she will not take/receive it again in the future lifes.

(知道意思就好了，不要太在意細節。)


---

### Answer by username_4 on 2017-06-23. Score: 0

burton's translation is not a "word by word" mode, imo, it's quite good, if you understand the assumptions.

first, "受持" (vigrāhayati, to accept and maintain faith) is a specialised term.

the last character 受, i guess it's a short form of 受生 (utpadyamāna, being produced or generated)

the verse quoted, i would interpret it as:

if (若) there's a woman (有女人)
hears (聞) this (是)
bodhisattva medicine king's 藥王菩薩
former affairs (本事)
chapter (品)

and (assumed)
able to (能)
accept and maintain faith (受持 vigrāhayati)
者 (article)

when (assumed) complete (盡 --> complete the life of) this (是) female body (女身)

afterward, (後) not again (不復) being produced (受 -->受生, utpadyamāna) as woman (assumed)

the underlying assumptions are:

in ancient buddhism, females are consider inferior than males. that, only males are able to attain buddhahood (成佛)

the verse emphasizes the greatness of lotus sutra (妙法蓮華經), that even an inferior being, such as "woman", if she can "hear, accept and maintain faith" in one of its chapter, she made good karma. with such good karma, she can avoid to reincarnate again as female; that she would reincarnate as a male, so, have chance to attain buddhahood.

very appealing in ancient patriarchal society, for females who are able to read.

edited, to rectify my mistakes.

in chapter 12 "提婆達多品", of lotus sutra (妙法蓮華經), there's a story of "dragon girl" (龍女).

[sāriputta](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sariputta) (舍利弗) said:

> 女人身猶有五障
>
> 一者不得作梵天王
>
> 二者帝釋
>
> 三者魔王
>
> 四者轉輪聖王
>
> 五者佛身

then, a dragon girl (龍女) suddenly changed to male; afterward, "attained buddhahood" (成佛).

> 當時眾會﹒皆見龍女忽然之間變成男子
>
> . . .
>
> 皆遙見彼龍女成佛

hope it's correct now :)

[![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/oLYei.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/oLYei.png)

> **Comments:**
> **username_5**: 可能女士重要的。五祖弘忍根慧能说：有情来下种　　因地果还生 无情既无种　　无性亦无生 ‘无性亦无生‘！  
> **username_6**: May I ask a simple question? 'What is the source of "only males can gain nivarna"? ' Many bhiksunis in the era of Buddha were arhats. If the female cannot enter nirvana, these saints should be alive now. Right?  
> **username_4**: @young99, i edited the answer, have a look :)  
> **username_6**: Your logic is not correct. *only male can attain buddhahood* does **NOT** mean *only male can gain nivarna*. All arhats (阿羅漢), pratyekabuddhas (辟支佛) and Buddhas (佛陀) can gain nivarna. Although Buddhas must be males, the arhats and pratyekabuddhas can be females. So, the female can gain nivarna. Your explanation is not correct.  
> **username_4**: so, how do you interpret the story of "dragon girl"?  
> **username_6**: First, I do not have to interpret the story of "dragon girl". Not just because I do not see anything wrong about it. What 舍利弗 said does not include arhats and pratyekabuddhas. It means the females can be the arhats and pratyekabuddhas, and can gain nirvana.  

---

