<h2>Glyph origins of 「摔」</h2>
<p>「摔」 (Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>shuāi</strong>, <em>to throw down</em>) is comprised of semantic 「手・扌」 and phonetic 「率」 (<strong>shuài</strong>). The meaning <em>to tumble</em> is a semantic extension (<em>to throw down</em> &gt; <em>to drop, to fall</em> &gt; <em>to tumble</em>).</p>
<hr />
<h2>Glyph origins of 「率」</h2>
<h3>Glyph evolution table</h3>
<div class="s-table-container">
<table class="s-table">
<thead>
<tr>
<th style="text-align: center;">時期<br>字體</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">字形</th>
<th style="text-align: center;">參考資料</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty" rel="nofollow noreferrer">商</a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script" rel="nofollow noreferrer">甲</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png" alt="率" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference" rel="nofollow noreferrer">甲</a>308<br><a href="http://www.guoxuedashi.net/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&amp;bh=6346&amp;jgwfl=" rel="nofollow noreferrer">合集6346</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou" rel="nofollow noreferrer">西周</a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions" rel="nofollow noreferrer">金</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png" alt="率" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Yu_ding" rel="nofollow noreferrer">大盂鼎</a><br><a href="http://www.guoxuedashi.net/yzjwjc/?bh=2837&amp;jgwfl=" rel="nofollow noreferrer">集成2837</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"> </td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Series A</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;">西周<br>金</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/PEmrI.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/PEmrI.png" alt="⿲彳幺亍" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Gong_ding" rel="nofollow noreferrer">毛公鼎</a><br><a href="http://www.guoxuedashi.net/yzjwjc/?bh=2841&amp;jgwfl=" rel="nofollow noreferrer">集成2841</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period" rel="nofollow noreferrer">戰國</a>・<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_(state)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">秦</a><br>石刻文</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/LiLtW.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/LiLtW.png" alt="" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">詛楚文</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty" rel="nofollow noreferrer">秦</a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips" rel="nofollow noreferrer">簡</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/6k2eo.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/6k2eo.png" alt="" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">42.198<br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts" rel="nofollow noreferrer">睡虎地秦簡</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" rel="nofollow noreferrer">三國</a>・<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cao_Wei" rel="nofollow noreferrer">魏</a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script" rel="nofollow noreferrer">隸</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/SNPM7.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/SNPM7.png" alt="" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">僖卅三年<br><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E4%B8%89%E9%AB%94%E7%9F%B3%E7%B6%93" rel="nofollow noreferrer">三體石經</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E9%9A%B8%E5%AE%9A" rel="nofollow noreferrer">隸定</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/olOho.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/olOho.png" alt="" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script" rel="nofollow noreferrer">楷</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/CCZNJ.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/CCZNJ.png" alt="" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"> </td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><strong>Series B</strong></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Han" rel="nofollow noreferrer">西漢</a><br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_(East_Asia)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">璽印</a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png" alt="率" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">漢印文字徵</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han" rel="nofollow noreferrer">東漢</a><br>隸</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png" alt="率" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;">僖廿七年<br><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiping_Stone_Classics" rel="nofollow noreferrer">熹平石經</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"><br>楷</td>
<td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png" alt="率" /></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><h3>Shape descriptions of the original characters</h3>
<p><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png" alt="率" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png" alt="率" /></a><br>　</kbd></p>
<p>「率」 originally depicted a <em>long length of intertwining</em> <a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/jiaguwen?kaiOrder=422&amp;ZiOrder=1548" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><em>threads</em> 「糸」</a> and small dots/markings representing <em>bits of extra thread</em>, indicating the original meaning <em>thick rope</em>. This word is now written as 「繂」 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructions_of_Old_Chinese#Zhengzhang_(1981%E2%80%931995)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Zhengzhang OC</a>: <strong>/*rud/</strong>, Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>lǜ</strong>). This survives as the <strong>Series B</strong> characters.</p>
<p>Very early on, this character was also used for the meaning <em>to lead</em> (Zhengzhang OC: <strong>/*sruds/</strong>, Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>shuài</strong>), either as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character_classification#Rebus_(phonetic_loan)_characters" rel="nofollow noreferrer">phonetic loan</a> or semantic extension (<em>large rope</em> &gt; <em>to drag, to pull</em> &gt; <em>to lead</em>).</p>
<p><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/2USnr.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/2USnr.png" alt="⿲彳幺亍" /></a><br>　</kbd></p>
<p>To emphasise the meaning <em>to lead</em>, the small markings were sometimes corrupted into semantic <a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian?kaiOrder=447" rel="nofollow noreferrer">「行」 (<em>picture of a road intersection</em></a> &gt; <em>to walk</em>). This forms the basis of the <strong>Series A</strong> characters.</p>
<h3>Glyph evolution description of the modern shapes</h3>
<p><strong>Series A</strong></p>
<p><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/LiLtW.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/LiLtW.png" alt="" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/6k2eo.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/6k2eo.png" alt="" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/SNPM7.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/SNPM7.png" alt="" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd>隸定<br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/olOho.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/olOho.png" alt="" /></a><br>　</kbd></p>
<p><strong>Series B</strong></p>
<p><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png" alt="率" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png" alt="率" /></a><br>　</kbd><kbd><br><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png" alt="率" /></a><br>　</kbd></p>
<p>The upper and lower portions of the 「糸」 part of the original character(s) later had long horizontal lines drawn on them, probably as <em>decorative strokes</em>, leading on to the modern shape of 「率」 and all characters containing 「率」.</p>
<h3>Usage notes</h3>
<ul>
<li><strong>Series A</strong> characters (including 「」) are not used in modern Chinese - the original character 「率」 has also completely taken over all senses originally represented by <strong>Series A</strong> characters.</li>
<li>「率」 (Zhengzhang OC: <strong>/*sruds/</strong>, Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>shuài</strong>; <em>to lead</em>) should be seen as representing the same word as 「帥」 (Zhengzhang OC: <strong>/*sruds/</strong>, Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>shuài</strong>; <em>to lead</em>). 「率」 and 「帥」 appear in different multi-character words/phrases due to a long history of writing habits more than anything else.</li>
<li>The meaning <em>ratio</em> (Zhengzhang OC: <strong>/*rud/</strong>, Mandarin Pinyin: <strong>lǜ</strong>) may also be seen as either a phonetic loan, or a further semantic extension (<em>to lead</em> &gt; <em>to set standards</em> &gt; <em>to calculate</em> &gt; <em>ratio</em>).</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<p><strong>References:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">漢語多功能字庫</a></li>
<li>季旭昇《說文新證》</li>
<li>《王力古漢語字典》</li>
<li><a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw" rel="nofollow noreferrer">小學堂</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian" rel="nofollow noreferrer">字形演變</a></li>
<li><a href="https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/jiaguwen" rel="nofollow noreferrer">甲骨文</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T13:03:34.047Z
@user27485 I would **strongly discourage** asking about multiple characters in one question. As you can see, your main question about 「摔」 took about 5% of this entire answer, which is cluttered mostly with the description of 「率」.
dROOOze
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T23:45:22.083Z
last time I asked glyph origin of both characters of 蕴含 in one question. But 摔 this is one character but with addition of radical. but even 2 questions might be better as mnemonic and glyph origin are completely two different areas of expertise. noted on good feedback
user27485
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T13:01:07.787Z
2021-04-29T13:31:51.847Z
2021-04-29T13:31:51.847Z
dROOOze
<p>率（shuài）：to lead（率领）</p>
<p>摔（shuāi）：（grab something and）smash into ground； fall</p>
<p>where 率（lǜ / rate）is not the case</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T07:42:10.163Z
This is a meaning of 摔 that is not taught as much as it could be in Chinese textbooks for the Western market!
Michaelyus
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T07:46:20.277Z
@Michaelyus for people falling into ground we have another character：跌（diē，跌倒）which is more formal。
imkzh
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T10:50:32.420Z
跌 leg , lost (in the sense slipped) diē make more sense if you fall by slipping leg. for 摔 the meanings given were tumble and lose balance(other than fall), so  i was expecting leg/foot rather hand. Over the time the usage by people changes the things i think.
user27485
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-30T11:23:22.447Z
In the case of slippery, we call it 滑倒（滑slippery，倒falling）。跌 is a generic description of falling and does not state the underlying reason。The word 失足 indicates falling because of “missing feet”（mainly because of careless and taking wrong steps） also not because of slippery。 @user27485
imkzh
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T07:26:23.547Z
2021-04-29T09:03:27.433Z
2021-04-29T09:03:27.433Z
imkzh
<p>Think of 2 wrestler (goro from mortal combat) that wants to make each other fall.
its an hand movement if you're imagining wrestling.
and the right side, resembles 卒 with more xxs in the middle, you can think of goro again, being a fighter/卒 with many arms.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-28T23:50:54.413Z
thanks for the mnemonic, it works best to remember. Let me update my question for glyph origin, as
user27485
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-28T23:16:06.500Z
2021-04-28T23:16:06.500Z
Gugg
<p>率 is merely the phonetic part of 摔, it has no connection to the meaning of 摔.</p>
<p>率 etymology is unknown; it could either be a sort of net, or a thick rope in water, maybe meant to pull a boat which is probably where the &quot;lead&quot; meaning 率领 came from, though this cannot be confirmed. For mnemonics, they have already been answered.</p>
<p>摔 original meaning is throw to the ground, thus hand is used as the meaning component.
摔 had another variant form  which probably obtained the additional meaning &quot;stumble&quot;  is no longer used in modern writing.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.zdic.net/hans/%E6%91%94" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.zdic.net/hans/%E6%91%94</a></p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T09:34:23.423Z
2021-04-29T09:44:58.577Z
2021-04-29T09:44:58.577Z
Fishuman
<p>率 means rate (税率), frequency (頻率), both imply ratio and proportion (比率). In wrestling, you gain points by throwing (摔) the oponent to the mat, with the correct force proportioned between the upper body and lower body, using hands (手) and through a fast movement (速率).</p>
<p>The movement of a fall usually occurs over a very short duration, both the walkers' moving speed and the movement of the fall are rather fast (速率), and the person's hand or hands tend to grab/touch something during/after the fall, thus the word &quot;摔&quot;.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T01:03:20.167Z
2021-04-29T01:03:20.167Z
r13
<p>The word 摔 means fall:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>摔 shuāi to fall, tumble, lose one’s balance</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Generally the fall action comes with leg, although hand also related. any mnemonic or story to remember this?</p>
<p>Gugg had given good mnemonic for 摔.</p>
<p>I could not find etymology for 率. any insights into glyph origin ?</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T09:35:17.223Z
You may want to rephrase the question in order to achieve its intended purpose
Fishuman
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T10:52:10.427Z
updated fishuman. hope this is fine
user27485
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T11:48:46.690Z
Hello who had downvoted this question? please let me know the reason I can improve on.
user27485
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-04-29T13:35:19.300Z
I think it was because you asked 2 questions in one. Not just this topic but some of your previous topics were in this format. One about a mnemonic and another about the phonetic component's etymology in the same topic. It would be better to ask the mnemonic part and etymology part into two separate topics in order to be more concise and straight to the point. PS - I didn't downvote
Fishuman
<etymology><glyph-origin>
Any mnemonic for 摔 shuāi = fall & etymology for 率
# Any mnemonic for 摔 shuāi = fall & etymology for 率

(Asked by: username_0 on 2021-04-28)

The word 摔 means fall:

> 摔 shuāi to fall, tumble, lose one’s balance

Generally the fall action comes with leg, although hand also related. any mnemonic or story to remember this?

Gugg had given good mnemonic for 摔.

I could not find etymology for 率. any insights into glyph origin ?

**Tags:** etymology, glyph-origin
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: You may want to rephrase the question in order to achieve its intended purpose  
> **username_0**: updated fishuman. hope this is fine  
> **username_0**: Hello who had downvoted this question? please let me know the reason I can improve on.  
> **username_1**: I think it was because you asked 2 questions in one. Not just this topic but some of your previous topics were in this format. One about a mnemonic and another about the phonetic component's etymology in the same topic. It would be better to ask the mnemonic part and etymology part into two separate topics in order to be more concise and straight to the point. PS - I didn't downvote  

---

## 5 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2021-04-29. Score: 2 | Accepted answer

## Glyph origins of 「摔」

「摔」 (Mandarin Pinyin: **shuāi**, *to throw down*) is comprised of semantic 「手・扌」 and phonetic 「率」 (**shuài**). The meaning *to tumble* is a semantic extension (*to throw down* > *to drop, to fall* > *to tumble*).

---

## Glyph origins of 「率」

### Glyph evolution table

| 時期 字體 | 字形 | 參考資料 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [商](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_dynasty) [甲](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oracle_bone_script) | [率](https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png) | [甲](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian/Reference/JiaguwenReference)308 [合集6346](http://www.guoxuedashi.net/jgwhj/?bhfl=1&bh=6346&jgwfl=) |
| [西周](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Zhou) [金](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions) | [率](https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png) | [大盂鼎](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Da_Yu_ding) [集成2837](http://www.guoxuedashi.net/yzjwjc/?bh=2837&jgwfl=) |
|  | **Series A** |  |
| 西周 金 | [⿲彳幺亍](https://i.sstatic.net/PEmrI.png) | [毛公鼎](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mao_Gong_ding) [集成2841](http://www.guoxuedashi.net/yzjwjc/?bh=2841&jgwfl=) |
| [戰國](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warring_States_period)・[秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_(state)) 石刻文 |  | 詛楚文 |
| [秦](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_dynasty) [簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo_and_wooden_slips) |  | 42.198 [睡虎地秦簡](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuihudi_Qin_bamboo_texts) |
| [三國](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Kingdoms)・[魏](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cao_Wei) [隸](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerical_script) |  | 僖卅三年 [三體石經](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E4%B8%89%E9%AB%94%E7%9F%B3%E7%B6%93) |
| [隸定](https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E9%9A%B8%E5%AE%9A) |  |  |
| [楷](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_script) |  |  |
|  | **Series B** |  |
| [西漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Han) [璽印](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_(East_Asia)) | [率](https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png) | 漢印文字徵 |
| [東漢](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han) 隸 | [率](https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png) | 僖廿七年 [熹平石經](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiping_Stone_Classics) |
| 楷 | [率](https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png) |  |

### Shape descriptions of the original characters

`![率](https://i.sstatic.net/pIWFh.png)` `![率](https://i.sstatic.net/8QvcW.png)`

「率」 originally depicted a *long length of intertwining* [*threads* 「糸」](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/jiaguwen?kaiOrder=422&ZiOrder=1548) and small dots/markings representing *bits of extra thread*, indicating the original meaning *thick rope*. This word is now written as 「繂」 ([Zhengzhang OC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructions_of_Old_Chinese#Zhengzhang_(1981%E2%80%931995)): **/\*rud/**, Mandarin Pinyin: **lǜ**). This survives as the **Series B** characters.

Very early on, this character was also used for the meaning *to lead* (Zhengzhang OC: **/\*sruds/**, Mandarin Pinyin: **shuài**), either as a [phonetic loan](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_character_classification#Rebus_(phonetic_loan)_characters) or semantic extension (*large rope* > *to drag, to pull* > *to lead*).

`![⿲彳幺亍](https://i.sstatic.net/2USnr.png)`

To emphasise the meaning *to lead*, the small markings were sometimes corrupted into semantic [「行」 (*picture of a road intersection*](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian?kaiOrder=447) > *to walk*). This forms the basis of the **Series A** characters.

### Glyph evolution description of the modern shapes

**Series A**

`![](https://i.sstatic.net/LiLtW.png)` `![](https://i.sstatic.net/6k2eo.png)` `![](https://i.sstatic.net/SNPM7.png)``隸定  
![](https://i.sstatic.net/olOho.png)`

**Series B**

`![率](https://i.sstatic.net/nBlKK.png)` `![率](https://i.sstatic.net/0v8ZV.png)` `![率](https://i.sstatic.net/HibWa.png)`

The upper and lower portions of the 「糸」 part of the original character(s) later had long horizontal lines drawn on them, probably as *decorative strokes*, leading on to the modern shape of 「率」 and all characters containing 「率」.

### Usage notes

* **Series A** characters (including 「」) are not used in modern Chinese - the original character 「率」 has also completely taken over all senses originally represented by **Series A** characters.
* 「率」 (Zhengzhang OC: **/\*sruds/**, Mandarin Pinyin: **shuài**; *to lead*) should be seen as representing the same word as 「帥」 (Zhengzhang OC: **/\*sruds/**, Mandarin Pinyin: **shuài**; *to lead*). 「率」 and 「帥」 appear in different multi-character words/phrases due to a long history of writing habits more than anything else.
* The meaning *ratio* (Zhengzhang OC: **/\*rud/**, Mandarin Pinyin: **lǜ**) may also be seen as either a phonetic loan, or a further semantic extension (*to lead* > *to set standards* > *to calculate* > *ratio*).

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**References:**

* [漢語多功能字庫](http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/)
* 季旭昇《說文新證》
* 《王力古漢語字典》
* [小學堂](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw)
  + [字形演變](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/yanbian)
  + [甲骨文](https://xiaoxue.iis.sinica.edu.tw/jiaguwen)

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: @user27485 I would **strongly discourage** asking about multiple characters in one question. As you can see, your main question about 「摔」 took about 5% of this entire answer, which is cluttered mostly with the description of 「率」.  
> **username_0**: last time I asked glyph origin of both characters of 蕴含 in one question. But 摔 this is one character but with addition of radical. but even 2 questions might be better as mnemonic and glyph origin are completely two different areas of expertise. noted on good feedback  

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### Answer by username_3 on 2021-04-29. Score: 2

率（shuài）：to lead（率领）

摔（shuāi）：（grab something and）smash into ground； fall

where 率（lǜ / rate）is not the case

> **Comments:**
> **username_4**: This is a meaning of 摔 that is not taught as much as it could be in Chinese textbooks for the Western market!  
> **username_3**: @Michaelyus for people falling into ground we have another character：跌（diē，跌倒）which is more formal。  
> **username_0**: 跌 leg , lost (in the sense slipped) diē make more sense if you fall by slipping leg. for 摔 the meanings given were tumble and lose balance(other than fall), so  i was expecting leg/foot rather hand. Over the time the usage by people changes the things i think.  
> **username_3**: In the case of slippery, we call it 滑倒（滑slippery，倒falling）。跌 is a generic description of falling and does not state the underlying reason。The word 失足 indicates falling because of “missing feet”（mainly because of careless and taking wrong steps） also not because of slippery。 @user27485  

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### Answer by username_5 on 2021-04-28. Score: 1

Think of 2 wrestler (goro from mortal combat) that wants to make each other fall.
its an hand movement if you're imagining wrestling.
and the right side, resembles 卒 with more xxs in the middle, you can think of goro again, being a fighter/卒 with many arms.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: thanks for the mnemonic, it works best to remember. Let me update my question for glyph origin, as  

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### Answer by username_1 on 2021-04-29. Score: 1

率 is merely the phonetic part of 摔, it has no connection to the meaning of 摔.

率 etymology is unknown; it could either be a sort of net, or a thick rope in water, maybe meant to pull a boat which is probably where the "lead" meaning 率领 came from, though this cannot be confirmed. For mnemonics, they have already been answered.

摔 original meaning is throw to the ground, thus hand is used as the meaning component.
摔 had another variant form which probably obtained the additional meaning "stumble" is no longer used in modern writing.

<https://www.zdic.net/hans/%E6%91%94>


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### Answer by username_6 on 2021-04-29. Score: 0

率 means rate (税率), frequency (頻率), both imply ratio and proportion (比率). In wrestling, you gain points by throwing (摔) the oponent to the mat, with the correct force proportioned between the upper body and lower body, using hands (手) and through a fast movement (速率).

The movement of a fall usually occurs over a very short duration, both the walkers' moving speed and the movement of the fall are rather fast (速率), and the person's hand or hands tend to grab/touch something during/after the fall, thus the word "摔".


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