<p>You are right that &quot;上下&quot; is redundant in this case.
However, you might come across this expression fairly frequently. Because most apartments or houses in China are not duplex. &quot;上下&quot; in this case is for emphasizing the scarcity of this kind of houses.</p>
<p>A better translation of &quot;这套房子是上下两层的&quot; should be:
This is a house that has 2 floors.</p>
<p>Chinese and English just have different ways of emphasizing.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T04:44:26.307Z
This should be the accepted answer.
hackape
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-28T18:54:18.827Z
2021-11-28T18:54:18.827Z
Yi Shen
<p>Sometimes we want to be specific, either to disambiguate or add emphasis on the topic</p>
<p>上下两层 - upper and lower floor (两层 can be two floors in one building or two buildings)</p>
<p>左右兩手 - right and left hand (兩手 means one man's two hands, not the same hand twice or two hands from two people)</p>
<p>前后两轮 - front and rear wheel (like on a bicycle, not side by side like on a wheelchair)</p>
<p>Unlikely but possible:</p>
<p>这套房子是两层的 (一层是东楼，一层是西楼)</p>
<p>兩手持刀 (是一人兩手持刀 or 二人各持一刀?)</p>
<p>两轮弯曲  (是单车 or 轮椅的两轮?)</p>
<p>Note:</p>
<p>层 can mean 'floor' or be a classifier for building</p>
<p>The examples above can be used for disambiguation, but using extra words to describe the object can stress its importance in the sentence.  It is similar to using an idiom instead of a simple term to stress a topic</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T14:14:20.250Z
+1 and thank you for your use of simplified characters 
Joe at wearyourchinesename.com
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T16:56:05.760Z
"这套房子是两层的 (一层是东楼，一层是西楼)": would not those be **两**套房子?
Joe at wearyourchinesename.com
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T17:11:27.787Z
雙子塔也是一套 - The twin towers are also a set
Tang Ho
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T04:45:04.767Z
I disagree. In this case there's nothing unclear about 两层. 这套房子 has already narrow down the situation to one house as a whole, ruling out possibility of multiple buildings.
hackape
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T04:53:40.773Z
"Sometimes we want to be specific". I agree, yet it's not for the sake of clarifying ambiguity, but for emphasizing certain aspect. I would say [Yi Shen's answer](https://chinese.stackexchange.com/a/48833/21843) should be the accepted one.
hackape
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T05:05:39.407Z
I just check, there's a term for this linguistic phenomenon: [_pleonasm_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasm). 上下两层 is also a stylistically more formal, which is related to most Chinese idiom (成语) being 4-character expression, thus sounds more presentable. I can imagine a salesperson speaking like this.
hackape
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T05:07:27.133Z
I didn't say being specific isn't serve this purpose. Mike from Breaking Bad once said: " I am going to pull out a pistol, remember, a pistol, not a gun, and shoot you in your face with it. Being specific does emphasize certain aspects.
Tang Ho
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T05:10:06.140Z
But you didn't highlight the "emphasizing" functionality either. In fact, I only read "clarifying" functionality from all the examples you gave. With all due respect, I simply don't think your answer is correct on this one.
hackape
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T11:22:21.223Z
@hackape I suggest you write another answer that complements Yi Shen and Tang Ho answers (with a reference for example), but explaining a little bit more your points, the concept of pleonasm and 4-character expressions.
Puco4
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-03T18:32:41.390Z
@hackape  ok. you win, I edited my answer's first line to include the function of emphasizing
Tang Ho
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T13:47:12.417Z
2021-12-03T21:50:00.337Z
2021-12-03T21:50:00.337Z
Tang Ho
<p>&quot;这套房子是上下两层的&quot;. This sentence is abbreviated from the longer sentence below:</p>
<p>&quot;这套房子從上到下共有两层&quot;, 上 means the topmost level under the roof (頂層); 下 means the lowest level above the foundation (一樓). 上下 can also mean in between the roof and the foundation to count buildings with more than one story:</p>
<p>&quot;这套房子上下共五层&quot; - This house has 5 stories in between the roof and the foundation.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T20:59:41.053Z
2021-11-27T20:59:41.053Z
r13
<p>It's true that 上下 is redundant in this sentence. Sometimes redundancy is used to bring emphasis to certain aspect, as explained in <a href="https://chinese.stackexchange.com/a/48833/21843">Yi Shen's answer</a>.</p>
<p>There's a term for this linguistic phenomenon: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">pleonasm</a>. Pleonasm at its face value just means redundancy in linguistic expression. Unnecessary redundancy is of course considered bad style, but when used wisely it certainly can add flavor.</p>
<p>Take for example:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>他们陆续到来</li>
<li>他们一前一后陆续到来</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>一前一后 and 陆续 both mean &quot;one after another&quot;. Adding 一前一后 clearly presents the scene more visually.</p>
<p>Another explanation is related to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengyu" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Chengyu (成语)</a>, traditional Chinese idioms that mostly consist of four characters, because four-character group is considered rhythmically beautiful.</p>
<p>There're plenty of Chengyu that are constructed by repetition/redundancy, e.g.:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>七嘴八舌</p>
<p>挨家挨户</p>
<p>添油加醋</p>
<p>情投意合</p>
</blockquote>
<p>You could say pleonasm is somewhat prevalent in Chinese, that I barely notice such fact until writing this answer. And in all these examples, the main purpose of repetition is just to form a four-character group.</p>
<p>Padding 上下 to 两层 in order to make it a four-character expression can effectively render it stylistically more beautiful, formal, thus more presentable.</p>
<p>I'd imagine the owner of the house when giving his guest a room tour would say:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>这套房子有两层，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间</p>
</blockquote>
<p>But a salesperson when presenting a house to his client would probably say:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>这套房子是上下两层的，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间</p>
</blockquote>
<p>The difference is clear, later one is a more formal expression.</p>
<p>Yet another example:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>He was so frightened that he went weak in the knees</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>他吓得腿发软</li>
<li>他吓得两腿发软</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Both are legit translations, but the later definitely sounds better, while the former feels off. Surely people know man has two legs, so 两 (two) is redundant here. It neither means to disambiguate nor to emphasize, it only serves as a padding word to make it four.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-04T18:51:37.870Z
2021-12-05T09:59:23.753Z
2021-12-05T09:59:23.753Z
hackape
<p>上下两层 means 上面有一层，下面有一层.</p>
<p>With 两层 only, it doesn't specify the position of each floor.</p>
<p>It seems to be a bit verbose. It's more of convention here, IMO.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T14:32:37.800Z
2021-11-29T04:33:55.740Z
2021-11-29T04:33:55.740Z
dan
<p>Actually the measure word 层 does not necessarily refer to vertical layers. For example compare the following:</p>
<blockquote>
<ol>
<li>五层大楼 (vertical, no doubt)</li>
<li>两层玻璃窗 (just layers)</li>
</ol>
</blockquote>
<p>Anyway (my very personal, debatable feeling here), why should it be necessary to &quot;add&quot; information? Redundancy (the part of a message that can be eliminated without loss of essential information) may add emphasis or just beauty to a sentence. Do you feel better with &quot;Minimal Chinese&quot; (as in Minimal English)?</p>
<p>Besides, for example, you said:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>does not add <strong>any</strong> information</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Does the word &quot;any&quot; really add (any) information to the sentence?</p>
<p>Would the following be the same?</p>
<blockquote>
<p>does not add information</p>
</blockquote>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T15:36:39.983Z
I think *any* actually adds some information to the sentence you mention as it specifies the type of information we are talking about (in this case, an emphasis that there is no type of information).
Puco4
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-11-27T13:56:51.440Z
2021-11-27T16:38:02.183Z
2021-11-27T16:38:02.183Z
Joe at wearyourchinesename.com
<p>No differences, its probably just the way that the speaker talks.</p>
<p>Its like some of your friends going to the Maccas and asking for <strong>'tomato ketchups'.</strong></p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-06T03:15:43.410Z
2021-12-06T03:15:43.410Z
ygeMason
<p>这房子是上下两层的 is the same as 这房子是两层的</p>
<p>No difference, it just depends on the habits of the speaker</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-12-05T04:01:39.890Z
2021-12-05T08:38:57.357Z
2021-12-05T08:38:57.357Z
施氏食狮史
<p>I am confused by the use of 上下 in the sentence:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>这套房子是<strong>上下</strong>两层的，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间。</p>
<p>This house has two floors, the living room is downstairs, and there are three rooms upstairs.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I understand 上下 as <em>up and down</em>, which does not add any information to the sentence as 两层 <em>two floors</em> can only be at different vertical positions right?</p>

<meaning><usage><meaning-in-context>
Why is 上下 used in 这套房子是上下两层的?
# Why is 上下 used in 这套房子是上下两层的?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2021-11-27)

I am confused by the use of 上下 in the sentence:

> 这套房子是**上下**两层的，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间。
>
> This house has two floors, the living room is downstairs, and there are three rooms upstairs.

I understand 上下 as *up and down*, which does not add any information to the sentence as 两层 *two floors* can only be at different vertical positions right?

**Tags:** meaning, usage, meaning-in-context

---

## 8 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2021-11-28. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

You are right that "上下" is redundant in this case.
However, you might come across this expression fairly frequently. Because most apartments or houses in China are not duplex. "上下" in this case is for emphasizing the scarcity of this kind of houses.

A better translation of "这套房子是上下两层的" should be:
This is a house that has 2 floors.

Chinese and English just have different ways of emphasizing.

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: This should be the accepted answer.  

---

### Answer by username_3 on 2021-11-27. Score: 5

Sometimes we want to be specific, either to disambiguate or add emphasis on the topic

上下两层 - upper and lower floor (两层 can be two floors in one building or two buildings)

左右兩手 - right and left hand (兩手 means one man's two hands, not the same hand twice or two hands from two people)

前后两轮 - front and rear wheel (like on a bicycle, not side by side like on a wheelchair)

Unlikely but possible:

这套房子是两层的 (一层是东楼，一层是西楼)

兩手持刀 (是一人兩手持刀 or 二人各持一刀?)

两轮弯曲 (是单车 or 轮椅的两轮?)

Note:

层 can mean 'floor' or be a classifier for building

The examples above can be used for disambiguation, but using extra words to describe the object can stress its importance in the sentence. It is similar to using an idiom instead of a simple term to stress a topic

> **Comments:**
> **username_4**: +1 and thank you for your use of simplified characters   
> **username_4**: "这套房子是两层的 (一层是东楼，一层是西楼)": would not those be **两**套房子?  
> **username_3**: 雙子塔也是一套 - The twin towers are also a set  
> **username_2**: I disagree. In this case there's nothing unclear about 两层. 这套房子 has already narrow down the situation to one house as a whole, ruling out possibility of multiple buildings.  
> **username_2**: "Sometimes we want to be specific". I agree, yet it's not for the sake of clarifying ambiguity, but for emphasizing certain aspect. I would say [Yi Shen's answer](https://chinese.stackexchange.com/a/48833/21843) should be the accepted one.  
> **username_2**: I just check, there's a term for this linguistic phenomenon: [_pleonasm_](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasm). 上下两层 is also a stylistically more formal, which is related to most Chinese idiom (成语) being 4-character expression, thus sounds more presentable. I can imagine a salesperson speaking like this.  
> **username_3**: I didn't say being specific isn't serve this purpose. Mike from Breaking Bad once said: " I am going to pull out a pistol, remember, a pistol, not a gun, and shoot you in your face with it. Being specific does emphasize certain aspects.  
> **username_2**: But you didn't highlight the "emphasizing" functionality either. In fact, I only read "clarifying" functionality from all the examples you gave. With all due respect, I simply don't think your answer is correct on this one.  
> **username_0**: @hackape I suggest you write another answer that complements Yi Shen and Tang Ho answers (with a reference for example), but explaining a little bit more your points, the concept of pleonasm and 4-character expressions.  
> **username_3**: @hackape  ok. you win, I edited my answer's first line to include the function of emphasizing  

---

### Answer by username_5 on 2021-11-27. Score: 2

"这套房子是上下两层的". This sentence is abbreviated from the longer sentence below:

"这套房子從上到下共有两层", 上 means the topmost level under the roof (頂層); 下 means the lowest level above the foundation (一樓). 上下 can also mean in between the roof and the foundation to count buildings with more than one story:

"这套房子上下共五层" - This house has 5 stories in between the roof and the foundation.


---

### Answer by username_2 on 2021-12-04. Score: 2

It's true that 上下 is redundant in this sentence. Sometimes redundancy is used to bring emphasis to certain aspect, as explained in [Yi Shen's answer](https://chinese.stackexchange.com/a/48833/21843).

There's a term for this linguistic phenomenon: [pleonasm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleonasm). Pleonasm at its face value just means redundancy in linguistic expression. Unnecessary redundancy is of course considered bad style, but when used wisely it certainly can add flavor.

Take for example:

> 1. 他们陆续到来
> 2. 他们一前一后陆续到来

一前一后 and 陆续 both mean "one after another". Adding 一前一后 clearly presents the scene more visually.

Another explanation is related to [Chengyu (成语)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chengyu), traditional Chinese idioms that mostly consist of four characters, because four-character group is considered rhythmically beautiful.

There're plenty of Chengyu that are constructed by repetition/redundancy, e.g.:

> 七嘴八舌
>
> 挨家挨户
>
> 添油加醋
>
> 情投意合

You could say pleonasm is somewhat prevalent in Chinese, that I barely notice such fact until writing this answer. And in all these examples, the main purpose of repetition is just to form a four-character group.

Padding 上下 to 两层 in order to make it a four-character expression can effectively render it stylistically more beautiful, formal, thus more presentable.

I'd imagine the owner of the house when giving his guest a room tour would say:

> 这套房子有两层，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间

But a salesperson when presenting a house to his client would probably say:

> 这套房子是上下两层的，楼下是客厅，楼上有三个房间

The difference is clear, later one is a more formal expression.

Yet another example:

> He was so frightened that he went weak in the knees

> 1. 他吓得腿发软
> 2. 他吓得两腿发软

Both are legit translations, but the later definitely sounds better, while the former feels off. Surely people know man has two legs, so 两 (two) is redundant here. It neither means to disambiguate nor to emphasize, it only serves as a padding word to make it four.


---

### Answer by username_6 on 2021-11-27. Score: 1

上下两层 means 上面有一层，下面有一层.

With 两层 only, it doesn't specify the position of each floor.

It seems to be a bit verbose. It's more of convention here, IMO.


---

### Answer by username_4 on 2021-11-27. Score: 1

Actually the measure word 层 does not necessarily refer to vertical layers. For example compare the following:

> 1. 五层大楼 (vertical, no doubt)
> 2. 两层玻璃窗 (just layers)

Anyway (my very personal, debatable feeling here), why should it be necessary to "add" information? Redundancy (the part of a message that can be eliminated without loss of essential information) may add emphasis or just beauty to a sentence. Do you feel better with "Minimal Chinese" (as in Minimal English)?

Besides, for example, you said:

> does not add **any** information

Does the word "any" really add (any) information to the sentence?

Would the following be the same?

> does not add information

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: I think *any* actually adds some information to the sentence you mention as it specifies the type of information we are talking about (in this case, an emphasis that there is no type of information).  

---

### Answer by username_7 on 2021-12-06. Score: 0

No differences, its probably just the way that the speaker talks.

Its like some of your friends going to the Maccas and asking for **'tomato ketchups'.**


---

### Answer by username_8 on 2021-12-05. Score: 0

这房子是上下两层的 is the same as 这房子是两层的

No difference, it just depends on the habits of the speaker


---

