<p>Looking up seal characters is not as hopeless as other answers seem to indicate, even though it is considerably harder than looking up modern characters. In any case, the lookup needs to consist of identifying which component of the seal character is the radical and finding the character in the corresponding section. Identification of the radical needs to be done by trial and error, as there are no fixed rules that an be applied when you don't know the character in the first place.</p>
<p>Let us start with the slowest, traditional method and see how it can be made faster using electronic dictionaries:</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Use a paper edition of 說文解字 Shuōwén Jiězì that contains a seal radical index. Note that most modern editions of Shuōwén have seal script headwords, but their indices use modern characters.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Use an <a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/The_540_Shuowen_Seal_Radicals_-_numbered.svg" rel="nofollow noreferrer">online list of seal radicals</a> to find out the number of the radical, and find the character in the corresponding section of Shuōwén Jiězì. The radical numbers are equivalent to Shuōwén section numbers (this is where the name 部首 “section headers” comes from).</p>
</li>
<li><p>Use <a href="https://www.wenlin.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Wenlin</a> and choose <code>List</code> -&gt; <code>D. Shuowen Seal Radicals</code>. This will give you a <a href="http://guide.wenlininstitute.org/wenlin4.3/Lists#Shuowen_Seal_Radicals" rel="nofollow noreferrer">list of 540 seal radicals</a>, and clicking on any of them will give you all the seal characters listed under this radical. This is much faster than looking up the character in Shuōwén, especially when you are not sure which component is the radical (部首). Note that Wenlin lists are based on a Qīng Dynasty commentary on Shuōwén, <a href="http://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&amp;res=528853" rel="nofollow noreferrer">說文解字·注</a>, not the original, Hàn-era <a href="http://ctext.org/shuo-wen-jie-zi/zh" rel="nofollow noreferrer">說文解字</a>.</p>
</li>
<li><p>The problem with the original Shuōwén radical list is that it is <a href="http://history.cultural-china.com/en/37H8487H13130.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">arranged semantically</a>, in a way that is not helpful for somebody who doesn't know the radicals by heart. Therefore, I made two other indices that can be opened in Wenlin and used in the same way as above:</p>
</li>
</ol>
<ul>
<li>the list of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306033215/folk.uio.no/michalkk/seal-stroke.wenlin" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Shuōwén seal radicals ordered by approximate stroke count</a>, and</li>
<li>the list of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306033335/folk.uio.no/michalkk/seal-freq.wenlin" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Shuōwén seal radicals ordered by their token frequency in Classical Chinese texts</a> (based on Jun Da's <a href="http://lingua.mtsu.edu/chinese-computing/statistics/char/list.php?Which=CL" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Classical Chinese Character Frequency List</a>).</li>
</ul>
<p>The former list begins with radicals that are the simplest graphically, and the latter one presents the most frequent radicals first, which makes it much easier to find the radical you're looking for.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2017-02-16T14:27:57.727Z
2022-06-24T19:34:53.310Z
2022-06-24T19:34:53.310Z
米好 '-'
<p>This site is provides a good source for seal script characters:</p>

<p><a href="http://chineseetymology.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://chineseetymology.org/</a></p>

<p>Another good source (more oriented towards calligraphy):</p>

<p><a href="http://shufazidian.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://shufazidian.com/</a></p>

<p>Good paper dictionaries also give the seal script character for each entry, see for example <a href="http://www.wunan.com.tw/bookdetail.asp?no=1826%20%E2%80%9D%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8%E2%80%9C" rel="nofollow noreferrer">國語活用辭典</a>.</p>

<p>To look up seal characters, you will have to learn how to recognise the radicals.  It is actually not too difficult and quite fun!  It is also good to get used to that components sometimes are loose – components can be arranged differently from what you might be used to.   </p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T15:58:46.800Z
OK, but where can I learn to recognise *seal script* radicals? And even if I recognise the radical, how can I find the right character? They often have different components than equivalent modern Hanzi.
米好 '-'
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T16:38:38.037Z
@米好'-' For example, look up 紹、績、紅、繞、續 and look for the common part, that is 糹.  The clerical script, usually contains the same components as their Kai 楷 counterparts, at least the standardized form that you will find in a dictionary.
MunHo
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T15:35:49.253Z
2017-02-05T15:35:49.253Z
MunHo
<p><a href="http://www.dullr.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.dullr.com/</a></p>

<p>This website helps to convert modern Simplified Chinese into Seal Scripts.</p>

<p>Although this is very convenient, but note that:</p>

<p>Each Simplified Chinese character may be corresponding to several different Traditional Chinese character. And the computer software may not gives the right conversion.</p>

<p>Each Traditional Chinese character may be writtern in several different ways in Seal Script, while this won't cause any error though.</p>

<p>MunHo mentioned a website ChineseEtymology, which is the best one in collecting the ancient writing styles.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T23:23:13.633Z
Thanks, but I'm looking for something exactly opposite: a converter from the seal script to modern Chinese.
米好 '-'
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-07T00:40:58.343Z
This is almost not possible because there's no computer input system support seal scripts.
Lucius Hu
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T22:48:04.337Z
2017-02-05T22:48:04.337Z
Lucius Hu
<p>For a freely available method, <a href="http://www.guoxuedashi.net/zidian/xz/" rel="noreferrer"><em>Guoxuedashi</em></a> offers an interface to look up seal script characters.</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Prerequisites:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Internet Explorer (seal script links do not dislpay properly on other browsers, although they still work)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.guoxuedashi.net/zidian/xz/swxz.ttf" rel="noreferrer">說文小篆字體</a> (this is a .ttf download link)</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>Following the example to look up「巖」(<a href="https://i.sstatic.net/CBZsi.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/CBZsi.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a>):</p>
<ol>
<li><p>Find <a href="https://i.sstatic.net/Zm7yS.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/Zm7yS.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a> on the list on the right hand side of the page.</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/FycD1.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/FycD1.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
</li>
<li><p>Click the seal characters. They should appear automatically in the box labelled <strong>輸入部件</strong>.</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/2U8yY.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/2U8yY.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
</li>
<li><p>Click <strong>查找</strong>. A list of the seal characters with these components should appear below.</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/PNTLV.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/PNTLV.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
</li>
<li><p>Click the link for the corresponding page in regular script, with a wealth of information.</p>
<p><a href="https://i.sstatic.net/7ny4e.png" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.sstatic.net/7ny4e.png" alt="enter image description here" /></a></p>
</li>
</ol>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-07-14T10:15:46.940Z
Please also see the alternative method given at https://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/36144/how-do-i-self-answer-what-does-this-say/36184#36184 on the website 小學堂.
dROOOze
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-09-30T03:50:43.717Z
2021-07-14T10:12:18.073Z
2021-07-14T10:12:18.073Z
dROOOze
<p>When we know a modern Hanzi, finding its seal script equivalent in a dictionary is not a problem. However, a more common case is that we have an existing seal script character we cannot identify, and we want to know which modern Hanzi it represents.</p>

<p>How can I look up seal script characters that I cannot recognise? I'd be most interested in electronic resources (websites, computer programs, phone apps), but information about paper dictionaries is also OK.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T13:58:48.883Z
I am a native Chinese. To be honest, the majority of Chinese people don't recognize seal scripts though they seem kind of beautiful. I search some Chinese websites and can't find a better one which can offer e-dictionary. [This website](http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=sdRvRR_aC16oOdx3XFQtKtSFQtiC6LoF0IktHjTFT_Cyj34SG1r21VWUqisgtCc3bvb4hjLLulS20FXNVvYV_lU7wPWPodAe8_ghDceZLeK) only shows the most common seal script, hope it helps. You also can use [Baidu](http://baidu.com/) (China google) to search more information.
Issac M
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-05T23:02:36.703Z
Great question. I think there is no such tool, unfortunately, and only a lot of practice will help you.
vermillon
CC BY-SA 3.0
2017-02-18T11:46:41.333Z
My question is about how to look up the characters. The document you linked to doesn't have any index. And 說文解字 lists many more seal script characters, by the way.
米好 '-'
CC BY-SA 4.0
2020-07-10T08:03:32.153Z
I wonder why there's nobody to create a deep learning-based OCR online service for seal script recognition. Technically speaking it's quite mature, the only problem is that it doesn't seem like a profitable project.
Stan
<character-identification><characters><seal>
How to look up seal script characters?
# How to look up seal script characters?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2017-02-04)

When we know a modern Hanzi, finding its seal script equivalent in a dictionary is not a problem. However, a more common case is that we have an existing seal script character we cannot identify, and we want to know which modern Hanzi it represents.

How can I look up seal script characters that I cannot recognise? I'd be most interested in electronic resources (websites, computer programs, phone apps), but information about paper dictionaries is also OK.

**Tags:** character-identification, characters, seal
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: I am a native Chinese. To be honest, the majority of Chinese people don't recognize seal scripts though they seem kind of beautiful. I search some Chinese websites and can't find a better one which can offer e-dictionary. [This website](http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=sdRvRR_aC16oOdx3XFQtKtSFQtiC6LoF0IktHjTFT_Cyj34SG1r21VWUqisgtCc3bvb4hjLLulS20FXNVvYV_lU7wPWPodAe8_ghDceZLeK) only shows the most common seal script, hope it helps. You also can use [Baidu](http://baidu.com/) (China google) to search more information.  
> **username_2**: Great question. I think there is no such tool, unfortunately, and only a lot of practice will help you.  
> **username_0**: My question is about how to look up the characters. The document you linked to doesn't have any index. And 說文解字 lists many more seal script characters, by the way.  
> **username_3**: I wonder why there's nobody to create a deep learning-based OCR online service for seal script recognition. Technically speaking it's quite mature, the only problem is that it doesn't seem like a profitable project.  

---

## 4 answers

### Answer by username_6 on 2018-09-30. Score: 11 | Accepted answer

For a freely available method, [*Guoxuedashi*](http://www.guoxuedashi.net/zidian/xz/) offers an interface to look up seal script characters.

> **Prerequisites:**
>
> * Internet Explorer (seal script links do not dislpay properly on other browsers, although they still work)
> * [說文小篆字體](http://www.guoxuedashi.net/zidian/xz/swxz.ttf) (this is a .ttf download link)

Following the example to look up「巖」([![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/CBZsi.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/CBZsi.png)):

1. Find [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/Zm7yS.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/Zm7yS.png) on the list on the right hand side of the page.

   [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/FycD1.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/FycD1.png)
2. Click the seal characters. They should appear automatically in the box labelled **輸入部件**.

   [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/2U8yY.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/2U8yY.png)
3. Click **查找**. A list of the seal characters with these components should appear below.

   [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/PNTLV.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/PNTLV.png)
4. Click the link for the corresponding page in regular script, with a wealth of information.

   [![enter image description here](https://i.sstatic.net/7ny4e.png)](https://i.sstatic.net/7ny4e.png)

> **Comments:**
> **username_6**: Please also see the alternative method given at https://chinese.stackexchange.com/questions/36144/how-do-i-self-answer-what-does-this-say/36184#36184 on the website 小學堂.  

---

### Answer by username_0 on 2017-02-16. Score: 7

Looking up seal characters is not as hopeless as other answers seem to indicate, even though it is considerably harder than looking up modern characters. In any case, the lookup needs to consist of identifying which component of the seal character is the radical and finding the character in the corresponding section. Identification of the radical needs to be done by trial and error, as there are no fixed rules that an be applied when you don't know the character in the first place.

Let us start with the slowest, traditional method and see how it can be made faster using electronic dictionaries:

1. Use a paper edition of 說文解字 Shuōwén Jiězì that contains a seal radical index. Note that most modern editions of Shuōwén have seal script headwords, but their indices use modern characters.
2. Use an [online list of seal radicals](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/The_540_Shuowen_Seal_Radicals_-_numbered.svg) to find out the number of the radical, and find the character in the corresponding section of Shuōwén Jiězì. The radical numbers are equivalent to Shuōwén section numbers (this is where the name 部首 “section headers” comes from).
3. Use [Wenlin](https://www.wenlin.com/) and choose `List` -> `D. Shuowen Seal Radicals`. This will give you a [list of 540 seal radicals](http://guide.wenlininstitute.org/wenlin4.3/Lists#Shuowen_Seal_Radicals), and clicking on any of them will give you all the seal characters listed under this radical. This is much faster than looking up the character in Shuōwén, especially when you are not sure which component is the radical (部首). Note that Wenlin lists are based on a Qīng Dynasty commentary on Shuōwén, [說文解字·注](http://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&res=528853), not the original, Hàn-era [說文解字](http://ctext.org/shuo-wen-jie-zi/zh).
4. The problem with the original Shuōwén radical list is that it is [arranged semantically](http://history.cultural-china.com/en/37H8487H13130.html), in a way that is not helpful for somebody who doesn't know the radicals by heart. Therefore, I made two other indices that can be opened in Wenlin and used in the same way as above:

* the list of [Shuōwén seal radicals ordered by approximate stroke count](https://web.archive.org/web/20190306033215/folk.uio.no/michalkk/seal-stroke.wenlin), and
* the list of [Shuōwén seal radicals ordered by their token frequency in Classical Chinese texts](https://web.archive.org/web/20190306033335/folk.uio.no/michalkk/seal-freq.wenlin) (based on Jun Da's [Classical Chinese Character Frequency List](http://lingua.mtsu.edu/chinese-computing/statistics/char/list.php?Which=CL)).

The former list begins with radicals that are the simplest graphically, and the latter one presents the most frequent radicals first, which makes it much easier to find the radical you're looking for.


---

### Answer by username_4 on 2017-02-05. Score: 1

This site is provides a good source for seal script characters:

<http://chineseetymology.org/>

Another good source (more oriented towards calligraphy):

<http://shufazidian.com/>

Good paper dictionaries also give the seal script character for each entry, see for example [國語活用辭典](http://www.wunan.com.tw/bookdetail.asp?no=1826%20%E2%80%9D%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8%E2%80%9C).

To look up seal characters, you will have to learn how to recognise the radicals. It is actually not too difficult and quite fun! It is also good to get used to that components sometimes are loose – components can be arranged differently from what you might be used to.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: OK, but where can I learn to recognise *seal script* radicals? And even if I recognise the radical, how can I find the right character? They often have different components than equivalent modern Hanzi.  
> **username_4**: @米好'-' For example, look up 紹、績、紅、繞、續 and look for the common part, that is 糹.  The clerical script, usually contains the same components as their Kai 楷 counterparts, at least the standardized form that you will find in a dictionary.  

---

### Answer by username_5 on 2017-02-05. Score: 0

<http://www.dullr.com/>

This website helps to convert modern Simplified Chinese into Seal Scripts.

Although this is very convenient, but note that:

Each Simplified Chinese character may be corresponding to several different Traditional Chinese character. And the computer software may not gives the right conversion.

Each Traditional Chinese character may be writtern in several different ways in Seal Script, while this won't cause any error though.

MunHo mentioned a website ChineseEtymology, which is the best one in collecting the ancient writing styles.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: Thanks, but I'm looking for something exactly opposite: a converter from the seal script to modern Chinese.  
> **username_5**: This is almost not possible because there's no computer input system support seal scripts.  

---

