<h2>Non-Standard Usage</h2>

<pre><code>Is this an informal exclamation or an emphasis mark?
</code></pre>

<p><strong>No</strong>, it's neither an exclamation nor an emphasis. It's used for</p>

<ol>
<li><p><strong>[Informal]</strong> Showing a casual, lively mood. This is the situation of your example sentence. In fact, you can put this symbol freely if you are not so serious, and the number of waves is not strict.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>事实上～只要你不需要很严肃，你可以随意地使用这个符号～～～而且数量也是随意的～～</p>
  
  <p>[In fact ~ you can put this symbol freely if you are not so serious ~~~ and the number of waves is not strict ~~]</p>
</blockquote></li>
<li><p><strong>[Not in standard, but considered formal]</strong> Illustrating the continuation of the voice (suggesting the cadence of the voice). <em>Usually</em>, it is used in the double wave form taking place of two characters, i.e. <code>～～</code>, and is written vertically middle of a line. For example,</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>喂～～ [Hey~~]</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Though this usage isn't listed in the official standard, interestingly, in the famous primary school's text, Lu Xun's <code>《从百草园到三味书屋》</code>, there is a sentence:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>铁如意，指挥倜傥，一座皆惊呢～～；金叵罗，颠倒淋漓噫，千杯未醉嗬～～</p>
</blockquote>

<p>And in some other essays and novels</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>大男孩的胳膊给老妇人抱住，不能取那翡翠簪儿，“哇～～”突然哭起来了。（叶圣陶《夜》）</p>
  
  <p>“咳～～开～～啦！”桩家揭开盒子盖，也是汗流满面的唱。（鲁迅《阿Q正传》）</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can call it <a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E8%81%B2%E8%99%9F" rel="noreferrer">象声号</a> (《标点符号使用手册》 has included this usage). So, as many famous writers use <code>～～</code> in their works, <strong><em>considering it informal may be controversial.</em></strong> </p></li>
<li><p><strong>[Not in standard, but undoubtedly formal]</strong> Standing for the mentioned character <strong><em>in a dictionary</em></strong> (seen in most <strong>authoritative dictionaries</strong>, like <code>新华字典</code>). In <a href="http://cn.chiculture.net/0609/html/a02/0609a02_04.html" rel="noreferrer">some reference</a>, it is called <code>代替号</code>(replacement symbol). This <em>should be</em> a formal usage, but I don't know why the standard hasn't included it.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>省 shěng  ㄕㄥˇ</p>
  
  <ol>
  <li>地方行政区域：～份。～会。</li>
  </ol>
</blockquote></li>
</ol>

<h2>Standard Usage</h2>

<p>The standard usage of this punctuation is a connective, called <code>浪纹</code>(wave symbol). See the standard <a href="http://www.sasac.gov.cn/n1180/n1271/n6716920/n6716950/n6723785/6723901.html" rel="noreferrer">《中华人民共和国国家标准标点符号用法》</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>4.13 连接号</p>
  
  <p>4.13.1 连接号的形式为“－”，占一个字的位置，连接号还有另外三种形式，即长横“－－”（占两个字的位置）、半字线“-”（占半个字的位置）和 <strong>浪纹</strong> “～”（占一个字的位置）。</p>
</blockquote>

<p>For example</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>亩产1000公斤～1500公斤 [<strong>from</strong> 1000 kilograms <strong>to</strong> 1500 kilograms]</p>
</blockquote>

<p><br></p>

<hr>

<p><strong>EDIT1: definition of "formal" and the very informal usage</strong></p>

<p>Thanks for @fefe's comment. To make it more clear, let me clarify the <em>definition of formal</em> in this answer here.</p>

<p>The word <code>formal</code> in this answer means <strong><em>grammatically formal in punctuation</em></strong>, but <strong><em>NOT suggesting wording or phrasing formal</em></strong>.</p>

<p>In the non-standard usage,</p>

<ul>
<li><p>Case 3: It's the de facto standard in Chinese dictionaries. Personally I cannot imagine saying "this punctuation in dictionaries is informal" :)</p></li>
<li><p>Case 2: the punctuation "illustrates" the continuation of the voice, so that is to say, you were writing some voice in your works. Such a sentence is usually in a colloquial circumstance, so to this extent, the whole sentence is "informal". However, it's related to the wording and phrasing, but not the punctuation itself. So I said the punctuation is still grammatically formal.</p></li>
</ul>

<p>Now let's go further ~~ I think this topic would be related and interesting ~~</p>

<p>On the Internet, people aren't so aware of the grammar. Or, we can even say, the netizens are creating new grammar, though there's a debate resulting in the rule that <code>you should not use the Internet grammar in your Chinese examinations</code>. In fact, <strong>there is a much more informal usage of <code>~</code></strong>, which is so informal that I consider even not to list it in the non-standard usage list. It is widely used in emoticons in China and Japan. For example</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>~~~^_^~~~ [laughing to tears. <code>~</code> stands for tears.]</p>
  
  <p>(～ o ～)~zZ [sleeping. <code>~</code> stands for closed eyes and the snore.]</p>
  
  <p>~\ (≧▽≦) /~ [hooray! <code>~</code> may stand for something waving in the hands.]</p>
</blockquote>

<p><br></p>

<hr>

<p><strong>EDIT2: brief history of the establishment of punctuation standard</strong></p>

<p>History of the official standard of modern punctuation in mainland China.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><code>1919</code> Some renowned scholars (馬裕藻, 朱希祖, 錢玄同, 劉復, 周作人, and 胡適) submitted a proposal for promulgating the modern punctuation standard (《請頒行新式標點符號議案》).</p>
  
  <p><code>1920</code> The ministry of Education of the Northern Warlords government promulgated <em>Order for Adopting Modern Punctuation</em> (《通令采用新式标点符号文》). It is the first standard for modern punctuation published in the form of law.</p>
  
  <p><code>1951</code> The General Administration of Press of the PRC government promulgated <em>Usage of Punctuation</em> (《标点符号用法》).</p>
  
  <p><code>1990</code> As the punctuation had changed a lot in the past forty years, Press and Publication Administration promulgated the revised version of <em>Usage of Punctuation</em>.</p>
  
  <p><code>1995</code> State Bureau of Technical Supervision promulgated the <em>National Standard for the Usage of Punctuation</em> (《中华人民共和国国家标准标点符号用法》 GB/T 15834-1995). On <code>June 1st, 1996</code>, this standard was executed. It is the standard we are using today.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Punctuation and language are changing gradually all the time. I personally believe there will be some day that some of the informal usage of <code>~</code> will become formal standard ~~</p>

<p><br>
<hr>
<strong>EDIT3: "Which tilde should I use?"</strong></p>

<p>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilde#Similar_characters" rel="noreferrer">wiki page of "tilde"</a> points out there are many kinds of tildes. Because your browser may not correctly render all the characters on that page. I illustrate the table as a picture here (open it in a new page to see full size):
<img src="https://i.sstatic.net/WO0kU.png" alt="tildes"></p>

<p>So, according to the standard (providing the size and the position of the <code>浪纹</code>), in formal text, you should use unicode <code>U+FF5E</code>, i.e., <code>～</code>. In informal usage, a simple tilde on the keyboard <code>U+007E</code>, i.e. <code>~</code>, is just OK.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-20T16:25:16.627Z
Thank you Stan for this very clear and comprehensive explanation!
Shlublu
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-20T16:58:09.707Z
@Shlublu: you're welcome. BTW, nice question. It might remind the related department of the government to update the standard :-)
Stan
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-20T23:46:23.717Z
The use in the dictionary are only in dictionaries, and introduced in the introductions(凡例) in the dictionary. They are only used for easy reading and printing of the dictionary. So it should not be considered a "formal" use of the symbol, as the dictionary can choose any symbol for this purpose, as long as it give a detailed introduction to the symbols used. However, nearly all dictionary choose to use "~" now for this purpose.
fefe
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-20T23:51:48.163Z
And I think you cannot consider one use of "~~" formal just because a famous writer used it.
fefe
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-21T00:28:02.560Z
@fefe: thanks for your comment! I've revised my answer. 1) adding the "dictionary only" limit into that usage, so that the explanation may not be ambiguous. It seems we have some divergence of opinion :) I think if you need to compile a dictionary, it's *better* to follow what other authoritative dictionaries do, i.e. choosing `~` for that purpose. That is the ***de facto standard***.
Stan
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-21T00:31:35.713Z
2) Not "a famous writer" but "many famous writers". As we know modern punctuation has been used in Chinese only for less than 100 years, so opinions of famous writers are worth considering. I edit the answer, adding the reference for the `象声号`. As a reference book, 《标点符号使用手册》 is not the standard, but I think it can be compared to the *Chicago Style* or *MLA style* of English -- although it's not the official standard, it is ***formal***.
Stan
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-21T04:22:30.583Z
A parallel in English would be the (mis)use of ellipses, especially in online text, as a replacement for dramatic pauses in speech. Ya no.........liek dis.......
congusbongus
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-21T06:50:28.557Z
@CongXu: `呃…………其实………………这个类比对应的中文标点用法应该是这样的吧……………………` so **~** and **...** work in different ways. As `——` cannot express the cadence of the voice in Case 2, `~` has its special function so it can hardly be replaced by another symbol.
Stan
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-21T15:48:30.640Z
Reading Edit3 I understand why this was a small tilde in the example I copypasted from FB.
Shlublu
CC BY-SA 3.0
2013-06-20T14:07:39.333Z
2013-06-21T13:08:46.353Z
2013-06-21T13:08:46.353Z
Stan
<p>I see quite often a few "~" characters placed at the end of sentences, especially in e-mails, texts, and social networks. </p>

<p>Is this an informal exclamation or an emphasis mark?</p>

<p>For example, the sentence below was extracted from a Facebook comment:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>大家都在婚禮指認朋友 ~~</p>
</blockquote>

<punctuation><emphasis>
Meaning of "~~" at the end of a sentence
# Meaning of "~~" at the end of a sentence

(Asked by: username_0 on 2013-06-20)

I see quite often a few "~" characters placed at the end of sentences, especially in e-mails, texts, and social networks.

Is this an informal exclamation or an emphasis mark?

For example, the sentence below was extracted from a Facebook comment:

> 大家都在婚禮指認朋友 ~~

**Tags:** punctuation, emphasis

---

## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2013-06-20. Score: 16 | Accepted answer

Non-Standard Usage
Is this an informal exclamation or an emphasis mark?

No, it's neither an exclamation nor an emphasis. It's used for

[Informal] Showing a casual, lively mood. This is the situation of your example sentence. In fact, you can put this symbol freely if you are not so serious, and the number of waves is not strict.

事实上～只要你不需要很严肃，你可以随意地使用这个符号～～～而且数量也是随意的～～
[In fact ~ you can put this symbol freely if you are not so serious ~~~ and the number of waves is not strict ~~]

[Not in standard, but considered formal] Illustrating the continuation of the voice (suggesting the cadence of the voice). Usually, it is used in the double wave form taking place of two characters, i.e. ～～, and is written vertically middle of a line. For example,

喂～～ [Hey~~]

Though this usage isn't listed in the official standard, interestingly, in the famous primary school's text, Lu Xun's 《从百草园到三味书屋》, there is a sentence:

铁如意，指挥倜傥，一座皆惊呢～～；金叵罗，颠倒淋漓噫，千杯未醉嗬～～

And in some other essays and novels

大男孩的胳膊给老妇人抱住，不能取那翡翠簪儿，“哇～～”突然哭起来了。（叶圣陶《夜》）
“咳～～开～～啦！”桩家揭开盒子盖，也是汗流满面的唱。（鲁迅《阿Q正传》）

You can call it 象声号 (《标点符号使用手册》 has included this usage). So, as many famous writers use ～～ in their works, considering it informal may be controversial. 
[Not in standard, but undoubtedly formal] Standing for the mentioned character in a dictionary (seen in most authoritative dictionaries, like 新华字典). In some reference, it is called 代替号(replacement symbol). This should be a formal usage, but I don't know why the standard hasn't included it.

省 shěng  ㄕㄥˇ

地方行政区域：～份。～会。



Standard Usage
The standard usage of this punctuation is a connective, called 浪纹(wave symbol). See the standard 《中华人民共和国国家标准标点符号用法》. 

4.13 连接号
4.13.1 连接号的形式为“－”，占一个字的位置，连接号还有另外三种形式，即长横“－－”（占两个字的位置）、半字线“-”（占半个字的位置）和 浪纹 “～”（占一个字的位置）。

For example

亩产1000公斤～1500公斤 [from 1000 kilograms to 1500 kilograms]



EDIT1: definition of "formal" and the very informal usage
Thanks for @fefe's comment. To make it more clear, let me clarify the definition of formal in this answer here.
The word formal in this answer means grammatically formal in punctuation, but NOT suggesting wording or phrasing formal.
In the non-standard usage,

Case 3: It's the de facto standard in Chinese dictionaries. Personally I cannot imagine saying "this punctuation in dictionaries is informal" :)
Case 2: the punctuation "illustrates" the continuation of the voice, so that is to say, you were writing some voice in your works. Such a sentence is usually in a colloquial circumstance, so to this extent, the whole sentence is "informal". However, it's related to the wording and phrasing, but not the punctuation itself. So I said the punctuation is still grammatically formal.

Now let's go further ~~ I think this topic would be related and interesting ~~
On the Internet, people aren't so aware of the grammar. Or, we can even say, the netizens are creating new grammar, though there's a debate resulting in the rule that you should not use the Internet grammar in your Chinese examinations. In fact, there is a much more informal usage of ~, which is so informal that I consider even not to list it in the non-standard usage list. It is widely used in emoticons in China and Japan. For example

~~~^_^~~~ [laughing to tears. ~ stands for tears.]
(～ o ～)~zZ [sleeping. ~ stands for closed eyes and the snore.]
~\ (≧▽≦) /~ [hooray! ~ may stand for something waving in the hands.]



EDIT2: brief history of the establishment of punctuation standard
History of the official standard of modern punctuation in mainland China.

1919 Some renowned scholars (馬裕藻, 朱希祖, 錢玄同, 劉復, 周作人, and 胡適) submitted a proposal for promulgating the modern punctuation standard (《請頒行新式標點符號議案》).
1920 The ministry of Education of the Northern Warlords government promulgated Order for Adopting Modern Punctuation (《通令采用新式标点符号文》). It is the first standard for modern punctuation published in the form of law.
1951 The General Administration of Press of the PRC government promulgated Usage of Punctuation (《标点符号用法》).
1990 As the punctuation had changed a lot in the past forty years, Press and Publication Administration promulgated the revised version of Usage of Punctuation.
1995 State Bureau of Technical Supervision promulgated the National Standard for the Usage of Punctuation (《中华人民共和国国家标准标点符号用法》 GB/T 15834-1995). On June 1st, 1996, this standard was executed. It is the standard we are using today.

Punctuation and language are changing gradually all the time. I personally believe there will be some day that some of the informal usage of ~ will become formal standard ~~


EDIT3: "Which tilde should I use?"
The wiki page of "tilde" points out there are many kinds of tildes. Because your browser may not correctly render all the characters on that page. I illustrate the table as a picture here (open it in a new page to see full size):

So, according to the standard (providing the size and the position of the 浪纹), in formal text, you should use unicode U+FF5E, i.e., ～. In informal usage, a simple tilde on the keyboard U+007E, i.e. ~, is just OK.

> **Comments:**
> **username_0**: Thank you Stan for this very clear and comprehensive explanation!  
> **username_1**: @Shlublu: you're welcome. BTW, nice question. It might remind the related department of the government to update the standard :-)  
> **username_2**: The use in the dictionary are only in dictionaries, and introduced in the introductions(凡例) in the dictionary. They are only used for easy reading and printing of the dictionary. So it should not be considered a "formal" use of the symbol, as the dictionary can choose any symbol for this purpose, as long as it give a detailed introduction to the symbols used. However, nearly all dictionary choose to use "~" now for this purpose.  
> **username_2**: And I think you cannot consider one use of "~~" formal just because a famous writer used it.  
> **username_1**: @fefe: thanks for your comment! I've revised my answer. 1) adding the "dictionary only" limit into that usage, so that the explanation may not be ambiguous. It seems we have some divergence of opinion :) I think if you need to compile a dictionary, it's *better* to follow what other authoritative dictionaries do, i.e. choosing `~` for that purpose. That is the ***de facto standard***.  
> **username_1**: 2) Not "a famous writer" but "many famous writers". As we know modern punctuation has been used in Chinese only for less than 100 years, so opinions of famous writers are worth considering. I edit the answer, adding the reference for the `象声号`. As a reference book, 《标点符号使用手册》 is not the standard, but I think it can be compared to the *Chicago Style* or *MLA style* of English -- although it's not the official standard, it is ***formal***.  
> **username_3**: A parallel in English would be the (mis)use of ellipses, especially in online text, as a replacement for dramatic pauses in speech. Ya no.........liek dis.......  
> **username_1**: @CongXu: `呃…………其实………………这个类比对应的中文标点用法应该是这样的吧……………………` so **~** and **...** work in different ways. As `——` cannot express the cadence of the voice in Case 2, `~` has its special function so it can hardly be replaced by another symbol.  
> **username_0**: Reading Edit3 I understand why this was a small tilde in the example I copypasted from FB.  

---

