Instruction: What are some reasons not to live in far northern locations?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some reasons not to live in far northern locations?

### Response:

Output: Generally speaking, the further north you go, the colder it gets. Living in cold weather makes many things more complicated due to the need to have sources of heat everywhere you go. Far northern locations also have more extreme amounts of daylight. This makes it hard to know when it's nighttime in the summer, and in the winter, you might not see much sunlight at all. The lack of sunlight can increase depression and makes everyday activities more challenging. It is also harder to produce food in the cold and dark.


Instruction: Name all of the field positions in baseball in a bulleted list.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Name all of the field positions in baseball in a bulleted list.

### Response:

Output:
The names of the field positions in baseball are:
- Pitcher
- Catcher
- First Base
- Second Base
- Third Base
- Shortstop
- Right Field
- Center Field
- Left Field


Instruction: Given this paragraph about computers, what is the first RISC system?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about computers, what is the first RISC system?

### Input:
Michael J. Flynn views the first RISC system as the IBM 801 design,[2] begun in 1975 by John Cocke and completed in 1980. The 801 developed out of an effort to build a 24-bit high-speed processor to use as the basis for a digital telephone switch. To reach their goal of switching 1 million calls per hour (300 per second) they calculated that the CPU required performance on the order of 12 million instructions per second (MIPS),[8] compared to their fastest mainframe machine of the time, the 370/168, which performed at 3.5 MIPS.[9]

### Response:

Input: Michael J. Flynn views the first RISC system as the IBM 801 design,[2] begun in 1975 by John Cocke and completed in 1980. The 801 developed out of an effort to build a 24-bit high-speed processor to use as the basis for a digital telephone switch. To reach their goal of switching 1 million calls per hour (300 per second) they calculated that the CPU required performance on the order of 12 million instructions per second (MIPS),[8] compared to their fastest mainframe machine of the time, the 370/168, which performed at 3.5 MIPS.[9]

Output: The first RISC system was the IBM 801, started in 1975 and completed in 1980.


Instruction: Tell me if these are types of rock or types of fungi: sedimentary, yeasts, mildews, metamorphic, igneous, smuts, rusts, molds.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me if these are types of rock or types of fungi: sedimentary, yeasts, mildews, metamorphic, igneous, smuts, rusts, molds.

### Response:

Output: Types of rocks include: sedimentary, metamorphic, igneous. Types of fungi include: yeasts, mildews, smuts, rusts, molds.


Instruction: What are a some nicknames for the name William?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are a some nicknames for the name William?

### Response:

Output: Will, Bill, Billy, Willy


Instruction: What would it be like to be a pirate?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What would it be like to be a pirate?

### Response:

Output: If you were a pirate, your mission would be to find treasure. The question is between the vastness and depth of the sea, how could you ever find such a treasure? There are no treasure maps. You could look in history books to find coordinates of where they believe ships have crashed in the past, take those coordinates, and search for those sites. However, you may find the site only to realize the boat never carried any treasure that could stand the test of time under the water. The treasure may have wasted away.


Instruction: What is heterosis?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is heterosis?

### Response:

Output: Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring is heterotic if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. The heterotic offspring often has traits that are more than the simple addition of the parents' traits, and can be explained by Mendelian or non-Mendelian inheritance. Typical heterotic/hybrid traits of interest in agriculture are higher yield, quicker maturity, stability, drought tolerance, etc.


Instruction: Give me a list of items I should bring to the beach this weekend.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of items I should bring to the beach this weekend.

### Response:

Output:
Here is a list of items you should bring to the beach this weekend:
1. Bathing Suit
2. Tent
3. Beers
4. Towels
5. Sandals
6. Sand Toys
7. Sand Blanket
8. Cooler


Instruction: What is success

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is success

### Response:

Output: Satisfaction levels define the success, success defined for one person may not be true for other


Instruction: Who is the main character of Naruto?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is the main character of Naruto?

### Input:
Naruto[a] is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masashi Kishimoto. It tells the story of Naruto Uzumaki, a young ninja who seeks recognition from his peers and dreams of becoming the Hokage, the leader of his village. The story is told in two parts—the first set in Naruto's pre-teen years, and the second in his teens. The series is based on two one-shot manga by Kishimoto: Karakuri (1995), which earned Kishimoto an honorable mention in Shueisha's monthly Hop Step Award the following year, and Naruto (1997).

### Response:

Input: Naruto[a] is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Masashi Kishimoto. It tells the story of Naruto Uzumaki, a young ninja who seeks recognition from his peers and dreams of becoming the Hokage, the leader of his village. The story is told in two parts—the first set in Naruto's pre-teen years, and the second in his teens. The series is based on two one-shot manga by Kishimoto: Karakuri (1995), which earned Kishimoto an honorable mention in Shueisha's monthly Hop Step Award the following year, and Naruto (1997).

Output: The main character of Naruto is Naruto Uzumaki, a shinobi of the Hidden Leaf Village. His dream in life is to become the Hokage, the strongest ninja in his village. However, he never achieves this, and dies in his battle again Pain, the leader of the Akatsuki, after attempting to avenge his mentor's death. He is then revived by Obito Uchiha using the rinnegan's powers, which can trade the user's life for another's. Naruto then returns to Pain and uses his infamous talk-no-jutsu to convince Pain to stop being evil, which succeeds.


Instruction: Who is the winner of International Booker Prize 2022 ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is the winner of International Booker Prize 2022 ?

### Response:

Output: Geetanjali Shree


Instruction: Who is Jon Snow's biological parents?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is Jon Snow's biological parents?

### Response:

Output: While the answer has yet to be officially acknowledged in the "A Song of Ice and Fire" series, the "Game of Thrones" television show, which is based on the book series, revealed that Jon Snow is the son of the late Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna Stark.


Instruction: Which one of these do not belong to the group:  House, Cottage, School, Palace, Hut

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which one of these do not belong to the group:  House, Cottage, School, Palace, Hut

### Response:

Output: All except School are dwelling places.


Instruction: What colors are on the United States of America flag?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What colors are on the United States of America flag?

### Response:

Output: Red, white, blue


Instruction: Give me a list of some underrated countries I've never travelled to.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of some underrated countries I've never travelled to.

### Response:

Output:
* Mongolia: This hidden gem doesn't get the attention that it needs. Known for Yak, nomad lifestyle, and Gorkhi Terelj National Park, country has a tons of things to offer.
* Ecuador: Many tourists comes to Ecuador but to visit popular Galapagos Islands. However, my doing so, they are missing all the goodness that this beautiful and filled with nature, country has to offer.
* Slovenia: If you are planning to visit the tourist beloved Croatia, then you might want to also involve its neighbouring country. Slovenia despite being small, has a magnificent Lake Bled and Triglav National Park. On the top, if you less crowded and affordable prices your wish, then it is a definite try.
* Laos: Although people are well acquainted with Thailand and Vietnam as countries in South East Asia, this small country is often overlooked. Not only this is a budget-friendly country, it has great waterfalls, caves and bunch of small islands that will definitely make worth a visit.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Chrotta, Frula

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Chrotta, Frula

### Response:

Output: Chrotta is string, Frula is woodwind.


Instruction: What is a mobile phone?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a mobile phone?

### Response:

Output: A mobile phone is a device that lets the world (e.g. people, companies, friends, and family) stay in contact with each other.  They other capability such as text messaging, internet browsing, watching movies, reading news, navigation, and taking photos.  They service a core component in everyday living similar to refrigerators and microwaves.  They also serve as a way for people to interact with different social media platforms and entertainment.


Instruction: What is the name of the world's oldest city?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the name of the world's oldest city?

### Response:

Output: The city of Jericho, located near the Jordan River in Palestine, is the earliest known city and played an important role in the development of the Neolithic Revolution. Since 9000 BC, nomadic settlers have been drawn here by the warm temperatures, natural springs, and the land's suitability for cultivation.


Instruction: Where did the 1951 French legislative election take place

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where did the 1951 French legislative election take place

### Input:
Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections.[1] Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.[1]

### Response:

Input: Elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections.[1] Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.[1]

Output: The elections to the French National Assembly were held in French Somaliland on 17 June 1951 as part of the wider French parliamentary elections. Edmond Magendie was elected as the territory's MP, defeating the incumbent Jean-Carles Martine.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as a liquid or solid: water, mailbox, soda, coffee, bush, grass, milk

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as a liquid or solid: water, mailbox, soda, coffee, bush, grass, milk

### Response:

Output:
Water: Liquid
Mailbox: Solid
Soda: Liquid
Coffee: Liquid
Bush: Solid
Grass: Solid
Milk: Liquid


Instruction: Who are some of the most famous weird fiction authors, who wrote in the early 20th century, aside from H. P. Lovecraft? And what is a good short story from each that I might like, if I like H. P. Lovecraft?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who are some of the most famous weird fiction authors, who wrote in the early 20th century, aside from H. P. Lovecraft? And what is a good short story from each that I might like, if I like H. P. Lovecraft?

### Response:

Output: Some well-regarded weird fiction authors from the early 20th century include Arthur Machen ("The White People"), Clark Ashton Smith ("The Vaults of Yoh-Vombis"), and Robert W. Chambers ("The Repairer of Reputations").


Instruction: Think of a number of different ways you can get around Sydney.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Think of a number of different ways you can get around Sydney.

### Response:

Output: There are a number of modes of transport in Sydney. Sydney has a public transport network with trains and buses. There are also car share, taxi services, electric bikes and e-scooters that can be hired through mobile applications, and you can always walk between places if they are not too far apart.


Instruction: What international trophy did the Club Africain football team won in 1971 ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What international trophy did the Club Africain football team won in 1971 ?

### Input:
Club Africain (Arabic: النادي الإفريقي) is a Tunisian football club based in Tunis that competes in the Tunisian Championship. It fields several sports teams, including football, handball, basketball, swimming and volleyball. The football team was the first Tunisian club to win an international trophy, when they won the Maghreb Cup Winners Cup in 1971. Twenty years later, in 1991, Club Africain became the first Tunisian team to win the African Champions League.

### Response:

Input: Club Africain (Arabic: النادي الإفريقي) is a Tunisian football club based in Tunis that competes in the Tunisian Championship. It fields several sports teams, including football, handball, basketball, swimming and volleyball. The football team was the first Tunisian club to win an international trophy, when they won the Maghreb Cup Winners Cup in 1971. Twenty years later, in 1991, Club Africain became the first Tunisian team to win the African Champions League.

Output: The Maghreb Cup Winners Cup


Instruction: List five titles by Ann M. Martin.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List five titles by Ann M. Martin.

### Response:

Output: Bummer Summer, Belle Teal, A Corner of the Universe, Ten Kids, No Pets, Everything for a Dog


Instruction: Where is Urumqi?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where is Urumqi?

### Response:

Output: It's in the in the far northwest of China.


Instruction: What university did Ted Ringwood join and what discipline did he follow ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What university did Ted Ringwood join and what discipline did he follow ?

### Input:
Ted Ringwood was born in Kew, only child of Alfred Edward Ringwood. He attended Hawthorn West State School where he played cricket and Australian Rules football. In 1943 he was successful in gaining a scholarship to Geelong Grammar School where he boarded. On matriculation, he enrolled in Geology a science degree at the University of Melbourne where he held a Commonwealth Government Scholarship, and was awarded a resident scholarship at Trinity College. He represented the college and the university in football. He obtained First Class Honours degree in Geology and began a MSc degree in field-mapping and petrology of the Devonian Snowy River volcanics of northeastern Victoria, graduating with Honours in 1953. Ringwood then undertook a PhD, beginning an experimental study about the origin of metalliferous ore deposits, but later changed his research topic so as to apply geochemistry to an understanding of the structure of the Earth, in particular the mineralogical constitution of the Earth's mantle

### Response:

Input: Ted Ringwood was born in Kew, only child of Alfred Edward Ringwood. He attended Hawthorn West State School where he played cricket and Australian Rules football. In 1943 he was successful in gaining a scholarship to Geelong Grammar School where he boarded. On matriculation, he enrolled in Geology a science degree at the University of Melbourne where he held a Commonwealth Government Scholarship, and was awarded a resident scholarship at Trinity College. He represented the college and the university in football. He obtained First Class Honours degree in Geology and began a MSc degree in field-mapping and petrology of the Devonian Snowy River volcanics of northeastern Victoria, graduating with Honours in 1953. Ringwood then undertook a PhD, beginning an experimental study about the origin of metalliferous ore deposits, but later changed his research topic so as to apply geochemistry to an understanding of the structure of the Earth, in particular the mineralogical constitution of the Earth's mantle

Output: Ted Ringwood joined the University of Melbourne and he took a Geology science degree


Instruction: What are the official languages of Belgium?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the official languages of Belgium?

### Response:

Output: The official languages of Belgium are Dutch, spoken in Flanders, French, spoken in Wallonia, and German, spoken by the German-speaking Community.


Instruction: Was Endless Nights released in November or December?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Was Endless Nights released in November or December?

### Input:
Endless Nights in Aurora (Chinese: 極光之愛) is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic drama film directed by Lee Szu-yuan. It stars Rainie Yang and Chris Wang. It was released on December 19, 2014.

Revolving around the romantic relationship of two generations, Alisha and her mother Xiao-feng, two parallel love stories are re-enacted across two and a half decades. With equally heated passion, the star-crossed lovers in different generations are faithfully attached to their experiences in love through promises, anticipation, losses, and forgiveness.

### Response:

Input:
Endless Nights in Aurora (Chinese: 極光之愛) is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic drama film directed by Lee Szu-yuan. It stars Rainie Yang and Chris Wang. It was released on December 19, 2014.

Revolving around the romantic relationship of two generations, Alisha and her mother Xiao-feng, two parallel love stories are re-enacted across two and a half decades. With equally heated passion, the star-crossed lovers in different generations are faithfully attached to their experiences in love through promises, anticipation, losses, and forgiveness.

Output: December


Instruction: The reduction in wild grain populations lead to what type of crop being cultivated?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
The reduction in wild grain populations lead to what type of crop being cultivated?

### Input:
Around 4000 BCE, the Saharan climate started to become drier at an exceedingly fast pace.[65] This climate change caused lakes and rivers to shrink significantly and caused increasing desertification. This, in turn, decreased the amount of land conducive to settlements and encouraged migrations of farming communities to the more tropical climate of West Africa.[65] During the first millennium BCE, a reduction in wild grain populations related to changing climate conditions facilitated the expansion of farming communities and the rapid adoption of rice cultivation around the Niger River.

### Response:

Input: Around 4000 BCE, the Saharan climate started to become drier at an exceedingly fast pace.[65] This climate change caused lakes and rivers to shrink significantly and caused increasing desertification. This, in turn, decreased the amount of land conducive to settlements and encouraged migrations of farming communities to the more tropical climate of West Africa.[65] During the first millennium BCE, a reduction in wild grain populations related to changing climate conditions facilitated the expansion of farming communities and the rapid adoption of rice cultivation around the Niger River.

Output: The reduction in wild grain populations lead to the rapid adoption of rice cultivation around the Niger River.


Instruction: What are some tips for traveling with a toddler?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some tips for traveling with a toddler?

### Response:

Output:
Toddlers are innately adventurous. They like to explore new things, places and people as it stimulates their brain. With some planning, traveling with a toddler can actually be hugely rewarding. They make memories and get exposed to different cultures, developing more empathy and learning language early on. Here are some tips for making travel easy with a toddler:

1. Carry light weight activities they are currently into. For example, sticker books, coloring or puzzles.
2. Carry a lovey in your backpack/hand luggage.
3. Carry a few of their night time reading books.
4. Keep energy snacks handy at all times.
5. Use a carrier if you are going to be outdoors. For example, hiking or trekking.
6. Book a morning flight if it is over 7-8 hours. Book a flight during their nap time if shorter than 7-8 hours.
7. Ask for an upgrade at the airport.
8. Make them walk at the airport instead of using a stroller, that way they will get tired and sleep in the plane.


Instruction: How long is a running ultra?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How long is a running ultra?

### Response:

Output: The term ultra applies to any foot race longer than a marathon. Any foot race longer than 26.2 miles (or 42 kilometers) is considered an ultra marathon, or an "ultra". Some ultras are measured in distance. Common distances are 50 kilometers, 100 kilometers, and 100 miles. Other ultras are measured in time. In a timed ultra format, participants run as far as they can in a pre-determined amount of time. An example of common timed ultras is the 12 hour format, the 24 hour format, and the 48 hour format. A third category of ultra running races is called "Last Person Standing". These races repeat a 4.167 mile "yard" (loop) each hour until only one person can complete a yard by themselves. That person becomes "the last person standing".


Instruction: Which country is the best at hockey?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which country is the best at hockey?

### Response:

Output: Canada is widely considered to be the strongest country in ice hockey. The National Hockey League (NHL) is the highest level of competition in the world. About half of NHL players are Canadian.


Instruction: What is the best movie of all time

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the best movie of all time

### Response:

Output: Shawshank Redemption


Instruction: What car manufacturers were associated with American Muscle cars in the 1960s and 1970s?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What car manufacturers were associated with American Muscle cars in the 1960s and 1970s?

### Response:

Output: Chevrolet, Ford, Dodge


Instruction: How does a transistor amplify a signal?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How does a transistor amplify a signal?

### Response:

Output:
A transistor is a constructed from materials that behave as semiconductors--which is to say that these materials conduct electrical current but only when certain conditions are met. By combining these materials into a device called a transistor we are able to create an electronic component that will only conduct electricity when a small electric current is applied to the so-called Base pin of the transistor.

One obvious use of such behavior is to use the transistor as a switch--by applying or removing current to the base pin we are able to control whether the transistor conducts electricity via its collector and emitter pins. When no current is present at the Base pin the transistor will block electrical transmission through its emitter and collector pins.

Generally speaking, the electrical current required to control the transistor at the base pin is very small. Much larger currents can be transferred through the device through the collector and emitter pins. Thus, in effect, a transistor uses a very small input current to control the flow of a much larger current.

An audio signal, for example, is transmitted as a very low power electrical current--in it's original form it is too small to be able to drive a loudspeaker to make sounds that are audible to the human ear. To amplify this signal so that is usable for audio playback we can apply the audio signal to a transistor's base pin--this will allow a much larger current to flow between the emitter and collector pins and through the transistor. Since the flow of this large current will mirror the much smaller current of the audio signal we will have effectively created a much stronger version of the original input signal.


Instruction: Given this series of navigation instructions, determine whether one would end up back at the starting point: Take 1 step. Take 2 steps. Take 3 steps. Turn around. Take 6 steps. Turn right.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this series of navigation instructions, determine whether one would end up back at the starting point: Take 1 step. Take 2 steps. Take 3 steps. Turn around. Take 6 steps. Turn right.

### Response:

Output: Well, I'd say yes and no. While the person would be at the starting point, he wouldn't be facing the same direction.


Instruction: Why the certain animals called the big five ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why the certain animals called the big five ?

### Response:

Output: These refer specifically to 5 most dangerous types of animals in Africa, that kill humans. They also sometimes referred to the 5 most dangerous types of animals to hunt in Africa.


Instruction: "The Day the Music Died" refers to the tragic deaths of which artists?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
"The Day the Music Died" refers to the tragic deaths of which artists?

### Response:

Output: Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper


Instruction: Tell me which of the following are MLB teams: A's, Washing Machines, Ringed Tails, Giants, Yankees, Astros, Phillies, Cherries, Wild.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me which of the following are MLB teams: A's, Washing Machines, Ringed Tails, Giants, Yankees, Astros, Phillies, Cherries, Wild.

### Response:

Output: A's, Giants, Yankees, Astros, Phillies.


Instruction:
Could you please help classify these cars as "compact" vs. "midsized"?
Toyota Camry, Nissan Altima, Honda Civic, Mazda3, Honda Accord, Toyota Corolla, Toyota Prius, Hyundai Sonata

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Could you please help classify these cars as "compact" vs. "midsized"?
Toyota Camry, Nissan Altima, Honda Civic, Mazda3, Honda Accord, Toyota Corolla, Toyota Prius, Hyundai Sonata

### Response:

Output:
Yes, here is the list:
- Compact Cars: Honda Civic, Mazda3, Toyota Corolla, and Toyota Prius
- Midsized Cars: Toyota Camry, Nissan Altima, Honda Accord, Hyundai Sonata


Instruction: Was there an industrial revolution during the middle ages?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Was there an industrial revolution during the middle ages?

### Response:

Output: Most economic historians would argue that an industrial revolution would require widespread use of coal for heating, mechanical power generation, and metal making.  In that sense, there was no medieval industrial revolution.  However, widespread investment in windmills, water wheels, and canals did help the European economy grow and improve the living standards of the average medieval peasant.  Similarly, cross border trade in bulk commodities like wool and wine allowed for an international division of labor, with the associated improvement in productivity and living standards.  By the end of the Middle Ages, mechanical clocks had become ubiquitous: plenty of craftsmen had the precision metalworking skills to build these complex machines, and even more people could afford to buy them.  Not quire an industrial revolution, but certainly a prosperous society taking the first steps towards automation.


Instruction: What is the difference between a microservice and an API?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference between a microservice and an API?

### Response:

Output: Microservices is an approach to building an application that breaks its functionality into modular components. APIs are part of an application that communicates with other applications.


Instruction: Suppose you started at 0 degrees N, 0 degrees E on the earth. You started traveling due north, continuing straight for 2439 miles, turned 60 degrees counter-clockwise, traveled another 4878 miles, turned 60 degrees counter-clockwise traveled another 4878 miles, turned 60 degrees once again, and traveled another 4878 miles. At this point where would you be? Please explain the mathematics of how you came to your conclusion.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Suppose you started at 0 degrees N, 0 degrees E on the earth. You started traveling due north, continuing straight for 2439 miles, turned 60 degrees counter-clockwise, traveled another 4878 miles, turned 60 degrees counter-clockwise traveled another 4878 miles, turned 60 degrees once again, and traveled another 4878 miles. At this point where would you be? Please explain the mathematics of how you came to your conclusion.

### Response:

Output: You would be approximately 35 degrees S, 0 degrees E, or 2439 miles south of your starting position, assuming the earth is a sphere with a circumference of 24,901 miles. After traveling 2439 miles north, you would be at 35 degrees N, 0 degrees E. After turning 60 degrees counter clockwise and traveling 4878 miles, you would be at 35 degrees N, 90 degrees W. Turning 60 degrees counter-clockwise and traveling another 4878 miles, you would arrive at 35 degrees S, 90 degrees W. Finally turning 60 degrees counter-clockwise and traveling 2439 miles you would arrive at 35 degrees S, 0 degrees W. If you returned to your starting position, you will have traced out a spherical square.


Instruction: Which of the following words are conjunctions, and which are prepositions: and, between, but, for, in, of, on, or, under, yet

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following words are conjunctions, and which are prepositions: and, between, but, for, in, of, on, or, under, yet

### Response:

Output:
The following are conjunctions: and, but, or, yet
The following are prepositions: between, for, in, of, on, under


Instruction: name some popular songs from the 1970's

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
name some popular songs from the 1970's

### Response:

Output: Stayin' Alive, Y.M.C.A, Let's Get it On, I'll be there and Let it be


Instruction: Please extract the names of the 1990s films Adam Sandler was in separating them with commas.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Please extract the names of the 1990s films Adam Sandler was in separating them with commas.

### Input:
In 1993, Adam Sandler appeared in the film Coneheads with Farley, David Spade, Dan Aykroyd, Phil Hartman, and Jane Curtin. In 1994, he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi.

Sandler starred in Billy Madison (1995) playing a grown man repeating grades 1–12 to earn back his father's respect and the right to inherit his father's multimillion-dollar hotel empire. The film was successful at the box office despite negative reviews. He followed this film with Bulletproof (1996), and the financially successful comedies Happy Gilmore (1996) and The Wedding Singer (1998). He was initially cast in the bachelor–party–themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things (1998) but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy (1998), one of his first hits.

### Response:

Input:
In 1993, Adam Sandler appeared in the film Coneheads with Farley, David Spade, Dan Aykroyd, Phil Hartman, and Jane Curtin. In 1994, he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi.

Sandler starred in Billy Madison (1995) playing a grown man repeating grades 1–12 to earn back his father's respect and the right to inherit his father's multimillion-dollar hotel empire. The film was successful at the box office despite negative reviews. He followed this film with Bulletproof (1996), and the financially successful comedies Happy Gilmore (1996) and The Wedding Singer (1998). He was initially cast in the bachelor–party–themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things (1998) but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy (1998), one of his first hits.

Output: The 1990s films Adam Sandler was in include: Coneheads, Airheads, Billy Madison, Bulletproof, Happy Gilmore, The Wedding Singer, The Waterboy.


Instruction: Classify the cities as cities from 'India' or the 'US': Bangalore, Portland, Chicago, Hyderabad, Chennai, Little Rock, NYC, Pune, Gandhinagar, Champaign, Urbana.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the cities as cities from 'India' or the 'US': Bangalore, Portland, Chicago, Hyderabad, Chennai, Little Rock, NYC, Pune, Gandhinagar, Champaign, Urbana.

### Response:

Output: The classification in order is: India, US, US, India, India, US, US, India, India, US, US.


Instruction: What is the difference between men's and women's lacrosse

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference between men's and women's lacrosse

### Response:

Output: Men's lacrosse is a contact sport and the players wear helmets, shoulder pads, chest protection and elbow pads.  They also have a position of defense called Long Pole where they can defend from far away.  Women's lacrosse does not allow contact between players and the only required equipment is a mouth guard and goggles.  Women's lacrosse relies on the shooting space rule to protect players from potential injury instead of requiring them to wear additional equipment. Another difference is the field dimensions. The women’s field is 120 yards long and 70 yards wide, compared to the men’s field, which is slightly smaller at 110 yards long and 60 yards wide.  Lastly, men play with 9 field players whereas women play with 11.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a state or a city: Los Angeles, California, Houston, Texas, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Little Rock, Arkansas

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as either a state or a city: Los Angeles, California, Houston, Texas, Santa Fe, New Mexico, Little Rock, Arkansas

### Response:

Output:
Los Angeles is a city California.
California is a state in the United States of America.
Houston is a city in Texas.
Texas is a state in the United States of America.
Santa Fe is a city in New Mexico.
New Mexico is a state in the United States of America.
Little Rock is a state in Arkansas.
Arkansas is a state in the United States of America.


Instruction: What is family time?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is family time?

### Response:

Output: Family during is time where each person in the family is actively engaged in the same activity together.  Family activities like watching a movie together, eating a meal together, going to the circus together, exercising together, or going for a walk is all good family time.  During family time you can share what has been going on in your own life and learn about the other members of your family.  Family time is important to strengthen the bonds you all have with one another.


Instruction: When did the Portuguese royal family move to Brazil?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When did the Portuguese royal family move to Brazil?

### Response:

Output: The Portuguese royal family, along with its court, servants and a library with more than 60,000 books, settled in Brazil between 1808 and 1821, having the first wave of migration starting on November 29th of 1807.


Instruction: Classify the following into countries and cities:India, Mumbai, USA, Seattle, Germany, Berlin, United Kingdom, Australia, Tokyo, Sao Paulo

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the following into countries and cities:India, Mumbai, USA, Seattle, Germany, Berlin, United Kingdom, Australia, Tokyo, Sao Paulo

### Response:

Output:
The following are countries - India, USA, Germany, United Kingdom, Australia
The following are cities - Mumbai, Seattle, Berlin, Tokyo, Sao Paulo


Instruction: What is the best way to build relationships?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the best way to build relationships?

### Response:

Output: The best way to build relationships is to show people your most true authentic self.  Communicate clearly and honestly with integrity.  Show that you care for those people that you have strong relationships with by listening to them, giving honest opinions, and sharing your experiences openly with them.


Instruction: Extract the names of the groups of islands located on the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Extract the names of the groups of islands located on the Azores plateau from the text. Separate them with a comma.

### Input:
These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.

### Response:

Input:
These islands can be divided into three recognizable groups located on the Azores Plateau:
The Eastern Group (Grupo Oriental) of São Miguel, Santa Maria and Formigas Islets
The Central Group (Grupo Central) of Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial
The Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of Flores and Corvo.

Output: Eastern Group, Central Group, Western Group


Instruction: I want to take a skiing vacation.  Which of the following countries would be suitable for doing this: Switzerland, Cyprus, Kiribati, the United States, Haiti.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
I want to take a skiing vacation.  Which of the following countries would be suitable for doing this: Switzerland, Cyprus, Kiribati, the United States, Haiti.

### Response:

Output: Switzerland and the United States are suitable as skiing destinations.  Both countries have mountainous areas with world-renowned ski resorts.  The United States boasts skiing locations in multiple states, including Colorado, California, and Utah.  Switzerland also has some of the most popular ski locations in the world such as Davos.  Cyprus, Kiribati, and Haiti are not suitable skiing destinations, as none of these countries has high mountains that produce enough snow to ski.


Instruction: Think up ways to clean a keyboard.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Think up ways to clean a keyboard.

### Response:

Output: Some ways to clean a keyboard: use a compressed air can to blow out dust, manually take off each key cap using a specialized key tool and wash them in soap and water, use a dusting brush that is designed for fitting in the keyboard grooves, use an antistatic dusting wipe.


Instruction:
Categorize the following as do's and don'ts when opening a new bank account:
research bank options
find the cheapest option
know what kinds of accounts they offer
know interest rates
understand discounts
open as many accounts as you can
talk to an advisor
go by hearsay

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Categorize the following as do's and don'ts when opening a new bank account:
research bank options
find the cheapest option
know what kinds of accounts they offer
know interest rates
understand discounts
open as many accounts as you can
talk to an advisor
go by hearsay

### Response:

Output:
Do's:
research bank options
know what kinds of accounts they offer
know interest rates
understand discounts
talk to an advisor

Dont's:
find the cheapest option
open as many accounts as you can
go by hearsay


Instruction: What helped Argentina win the World Cup, considering they were not the strongest team on paper?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What helped Argentina win the World Cup, considering they were not the strongest team on paper?

### Response:

Output: Argentina in its run to the World Cup had a great track record of a continuous winning streak. It was complemented by the culture and passion for football infused in the country. The team played with a lot of passion and Lionel Messi was determined to create history.


Instruction: What should you do when your rock climbing partner calls out "On Belay?"

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What should you do when your rock climbing partner calls out "On Belay?"

### Response:

Output:
1. Check that their harness is properly buckled at the waist and doubled back.
2. Ensure the leg straps are properly bucked and doubled back. Check that the leg loops are not twisted.
3. Ensure a figure eight knot is tied at the end of the climbing rope, extending through both loops in the harness and has a fisherman's knot as a backup.
4. Check that your own harness is properly buckled around the waist, legs and that leg straps are not twisted.
5. Ensure the climbing rope is in your belay device, that a locking carabiner goes through both the belay device (and rope if an ATC device) and your belay loop on your harness. Ensure the carabiner is locked.
6. Ensure that you and your partner are on the same rope. Your partner should be on the side of the rope closest to the climbing wall.
7. After all safety checks are completed, then call out "On Belay!"


Instruction: Did David Petrarca direct any episodes in the second season of Game of Thrones?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Did David Petrarca direct any episodes in the second season of Game of Thrones?

### Response:

Output: Yes, David Petrarca directed two episodes of the second season of Game of Thrones: Garden of Bones and The Ghost of Harrenhal.


Instruction: What are the most popular tropical travel destinations for people on the east coast of the United States?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the most popular tropical travel destinations for people on the east coast of the United States?

### Response:

Output: East Coasters enjoy visiting the Caribbean Islands for their tropical vacations. Popular countries to visit in the Caribbean include The Bahamas, Jamaica, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Aruba, Bermuda, and more. Additionally, East Coasters like to stay at tropical resorts in Mexico -- particularly in Cancun, Cozumel, Riviera Maya, Tulum, and more. Within the United States, the Florida Keys are a popular travel location for sunny beach days all year long.


Instruction: What are the primary causes of obesity?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the primary causes of obesity?

### Response:

Output: The primary causes are eating significantly more calories than you burn daily, lack of exercise/movement, lack of sleep and increased stress, your genetic makeup.


Instruction: Is 95 degrees Fahrenheit considered to be hot weather?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is 95 degrees Fahrenheit considered to be hot weather?

### Response:

Output: Yes, 95 degrees would typically be considered to be hot


Instruction: Why do kids have to take tests in school?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why do kids have to take tests in school?

### Response:

Output: Children and adolescents take tests in school because it is a good way to measure their current knowledge.  These students study certain topics and testing is a way to measure how much knowledge is retained.  Tests are also ways to motivate students to try harder because tests are typically graded with a letter grade.  A is associated with a perfect score, F is considered failing, and a C is considered average.  These grades can act as motivators for students and create a friendly competition in schools and other  external study programs to see who can do the best.


Instruction: what language is spoken in Brazil?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
what language is spoken in Brazil?

### Response:

Output: Portuguese is the official and national language of Brazil[5] being widely spoken by most of the population. Brazil is the most populous Portuguese-speaking country in the world, with its lands comprising the majority of Portugal’s former colonial holdings in the Americas.


Instruction: Where do eggs come from?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where do eggs come from?

### Response:

Output: Eggs come from female chicken in their reproductive track.  Humans eat these eggs as a source of protein in meals.  Eggs are normally eaten the most at breakfast time but they are also used in many desserts like cakes and cookies.  Chickens can lay eggs every 26 - 24 hours.  This process can also be speed up by giving female chicken more calcium, more room to roam, reduced stress environment, and free flowing water.


Instruction: Who is Anatoly Kubatsky?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is Anatoly Kubatsky?

### Input:
Anatoly Lvovich Kubatsky (Russian: Анато́лий Льво́вич Куба́цкий) (1 November 1908 – 29 December 2001) was a Soviet stage and film actor.

### Response:

Input: Anatoly Lvovich Kubatsky (Russian: Анато́лий Льво́вич Куба́цкий) (1 November 1908 – 29 December 2001) was a Soviet stage and film actor.

Output: Kubatsky was born in Moscow to parents of Polish ancestry.[1] After studying under Yuri Zavadsky, he found acting work in various theaters throughout Moscow. From 1931 to 1942 he was an actor for Union Radio; from 1942 to 1957 he worked at the Mayakovsky Theatre; from 1957 to 1959 he worked at the Film Actors' Theater; from 1959 to 1973 he worked at the Gorky Theater.


Instruction: How long should a child's carseat remain rear facing?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How long should a child's carseat remain rear facing?

### Response:

Output: Extended rear facing until the child reaches the maximum height or weight limits of the carseat is the safest option. When a child is sitting forward facing in a frontal collision a large amount of force is exerted onto the head, neck and shoulders leading to serious injury like paralysis or death. If the child is sitting rear facing during a collision, the force is spread over a greater area of the body with less pressure on the neck, head, and inner organs. Children should sit rear facing as long as possible, in case of collision it reduces the risk of serious injury or death by more than 90%. You should consult your car seat's manual to determine the maximum height and weight restrictions.


Instruction: Tell me whether these are alcoholic or non alcoholic drinks: sprite, mojito, beer, orange juice, water, manhattan, cranberry juice, milk

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these are alcoholic or non alcoholic drinks: sprite, mojito, beer, orange juice, water, manhattan, cranberry juice, milk

### Response:

Output:
Sprite is a non alcoholic soft drink.
Mojitos are alcoholic cocktails that typically contain rum, lime juice, simple syrup, and fresh mint.
Beer is an alcoholic beverage,
Orange juice is a non alcoholic drink.
Water is a non alcoholic beverage.
A manhattan is a an alcoholic cocktail that typically contains whiskey, vermouth, bitters and a brandied cherry for garnish.
Cranberry juice is a non alcoholic drink.
Milk is a non alcoholic drink.


Instruction: Who is Elizabeth Warren?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is Elizabeth Warren?

### Input:
Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and former law professor who is the senior United States senator from Massachusetts, serving since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party and regarded as a progressive,[2] Warren has focused on consumer protection, equitable economic opportunity, and the social safety net while in the Senate. Warren was a candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, ultimately finishing third.

### Response:

Input: Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and former law professor who is the senior United States senator from Massachusetts, serving since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party and regarded as a progressive,[2] Warren has focused on consumer protection, equitable economic opportunity, and the social safety net while in the Senate. Warren was a candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, ultimately finishing third.

Output:
Elizabeth Ann Warren (née Herring; born June 22, 1949) is an American politician and former law professor who is the senior United States senator from Massachusetts, serving since 2013. A member of the Democratic Party and regarded as a progressive,[2] Warren has focused on consumer protection, equitable economic opportunity, and the social safety net while in the Senate. Warren was a candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries, ultimately finishing third.

Born and raised in Oklahoma, Warren is a graduate of the University of Houston and Rutgers Law School and has taught law at several universities, including the University of Houston, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Pennsylvania, and Harvard University. She was one of the most influential professors in commercial and bankruptcy law before beginning her political career. Warren has written 12 books and more than 100 articles.[3][4][5]

Warren's first foray into public policy began in 1995, when she worked to oppose what eventually became a 2005 act restricting bankruptcy access for individuals.[6][7] During the late 2000s, her national profile grew after her forceful public stances in favor of more stringent banking regulations after the financial crisis of 2007–08. She served as chair of the Congressional Oversight Panel of the Troubled Asset Relief Program, and proposed and established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, for which she served as the first special advisor under President Barack Obama.[8]

In 2012, Warren defeated incumbent Republican Scott Brown and became the first female U.S. senator from Massachusetts.[9] She won re-election by a wide margin in 2018, defeating Republican nominee Geoff Diehl.[10] On February 9, 2019, Warren announced her candidacy in the 2020 United States presidential election.[11] She was briefly considered the front-runner for the Democratic nomination in late 2019, but support for her campaign dwindled. She withdrew from the race on March 5, 2020, after Super Tuesday.[12]


Instruction: Give me a list of the stations on the Island Line of Hong Kong's MTR network

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of the stations on the Island Line of Hong Kong's MTR network

### Response:

Output:
- Kennedy Town
- HKU
- Sai Ying Pun
- Sheung Wan
- Central
- Admiralty
- Wan Chai
- Causeway Bay
- Tin Hau
- Fortress Hill
- North Point
- Quarry Bay
- Tai Koo
- Sai Wan Ho
- Shau Kei Wan
- Heng Fa Chuen
- Chai Wan


Instruction: Give me a list of pizza restaurants in San Francisco

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of pizza restaurants in San Francisco

### Response:

Output:
There are a lot of different types of pizza restaurants in San Francisco. For more casual pizza restaurants, try any Round Table, Dominos, Pizza Hut, or for a more local experience, Golden Boy Pizza.

If you're interested in sit down dining pizza options, try Del Popolo, Tony's Slice House, or Il Casaro in North Beach.


Instruction: What is the Carolina Hall

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the Carolina Hall

### Input:
Carolina Hall, formerly known as Saunders Hall, is a building on the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill campus in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, in the United States. Carolina Hall was built in 1922 and named for William L. Saunders, an alumnus and a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The name was changed to "Carolina Hall" in 2015.

### Response:

Input: Carolina Hall, formerly known as Saunders Hall, is a building on the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill campus in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, in the United States. Carolina Hall was built in 1922 and named for William L. Saunders, an alumnus and a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The name was changed to "Carolina Hall" in 2015.

Output: The Carolina Hall, formerly known as Saunders Hall, is a building on the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill campus in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, in the United States. Carolina Hall was built in 1922 and named for William L. Saunders, an alumnus and a colonel in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. The name was changed to "Carolina Hall" in 2015.


Instruction: What is the difference between a rose and a sunflower?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference between a rose and a sunflower?

### Response:

Output: Both a rose and a sunflower are types of flowers but a rose may have thorns and it’s petals are typically red, pink or white. A sunflower is a tall plant that is often yellow, does not have thorns, and has a large number of seeds that are edible for humans.


Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the last ten U.S. Open Golf Champions

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of the last ten U.S. Open Golf Champions

### Response:

Output:
Here is a bulleted list of the past ten U.S. Open Golf Champions

Winners:
- Matt Fitzpatrick
- Jon Rahm
- Bryson DeChambeau
- Gary Woodland
- Brooks Koepka
- Brooks Koepka
- Dustin Johnson
- Jordan Spieth
- Martin Kaymer
- Justin Rose
- Webb Simpson
- Rory McIlroy


Instruction: What is a headlamp?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a headlamp?

### Response:

Output: A headlamp is a light that attaches to a person’s head, usually with a headband and shines light ahead of the person wearing it. Headlamps are usually powered by batteries.


Instruction: What is ECharts Java?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is ECharts Java?

### Input:
ECharts Java is a lightweight but comprehensive library for Java developers to easily use JavaScript visualization library Apache ECharts. The simple chart mode facilitates users to write visualization fast and easily, empowered by the clean APIs provided by ECharts Java. The advanced mode helps create an Option object and its Json representation in chainable Java codes, which includes almost all the features defined in Apache ECharts. Now ECharts Java supports Apache ECharts version 5.x.

Features

- Simple, clean and organized APIs, supporting method chaining
- Full coverage of Apache ECharts functionalities
- Easily integrate with Web Frameworks
- Flexible export format, including HTML and images
- Complete and detailed documentation and examples

### Response:

Input:
ECharts Java is a lightweight but comprehensive library for Java developers to easily use JavaScript visualization library Apache ECharts. The simple chart mode facilitates users to write visualization fast and easily, empowered by the clean APIs provided by ECharts Java. The advanced mode helps create an Option object and its Json representation in chainable Java codes, which includes almost all the features defined in Apache ECharts. Now ECharts Java supports Apache ECharts version 5.x.

Features

- Simple, clean and organized APIs, supporting method chaining
- Full coverage of Apache ECharts functionalities
- Easily integrate with Web Frameworks
- Flexible export format, including HTML and images
- Complete and detailed documentation and examples

Output:
ECharts Java is a lightweight, comprehensive library for Java developers to easily integrate JavaScript visualization library Apache ECharts into their web frameworks. The simple and clean APIs facilitate users to develop visualization components fast and easily. For complex and advanced usage, it allows developers to create an Option object and its Json representation. It is compatible with Apache ECharts version 5.x and provides almost full coverage of Apache ECharts functionalities.

Here are some highlights of ECharts Java:

- Simple, clean, organized APIs with method chaining
- Full coverage of Apache ECharts functionalities
- Easily integrate with Web Frameworks
- Flexible export format, including HTML and images
- Complete and detailed documentation and examples


Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of the seven most recent Chancellors of Federal Republic of Germany

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of the seven most recent Chancellors of Federal Republic of Germany

### Response:

Output:
1. Olaf Scholz (Current)
2. Angela Merkel
3. Gerhard Schroeder
4. Helmut Kohl
5. Helmut Schmidt
6. Willy Brandt
7. Kurt Georg Kiesinger


Instruction: Who opens episodes of The FBI Files with an introductory narration?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who opens episodes of The FBI Files with an introductory narration?

### Response:

Output: James Kallstrom, former head of the FBI New York office.


Instruction: When was the internet created?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When was the internet created?

### Response:

Output: The birthday of the internet is January 1, 1983.  This is an important day because it gave computers and computer networks for the first time in history a way to communicate with each other.  Prior to this networks were on closed loops.  On this this day a new internet protocol was also created called TCP/IP.  This stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.


Instruction: Give me a list of 5 key challenges faced by users moving from a Windows laptop to a Macbook

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of 5 key challenges faced by users moving from a Windows laptop to a Macbook

### Response:

Output:
1. Incompatibility between MS office documents and MacOS native applications like pages and numbers
2. Inability to copy content on and off of the laptop easily
3. Learning the differences between the windows keyboard and the macbook keyboard commands to do simple tasks - like right click or taking a screenshot
4. The change in process to deploy software.
5. Navigating the difference between the layout and structure of WIndows explorer vs Macbook finder


Instruction: How many countries do the Netherlands share a land border with?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How many countries do the Netherlands share a land border with?

### Response:

Output: The Netherlands shares a land border with four countries: Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands Antilles.


Instruction: What is Freezing Rain?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Freezing Rain?

### Response:

Output: Freezing rain occurs when snowflakes descend into a warmer layer of air and melt completely. When these liquid water drops fall through another thin layer of freezing air just above the surface, they don't have enough time to refreeze before reaching the ground. Because they are “supercooled,” they instantly refreeze upon contact with anything that that is at or below freezing (32 degrees F), creating a glaze of ice on the ground, trees, power lines, or other objects. Even light accumulations can cause dangerous travel, while heavier amounts can cause significant damage to trees and power lines.  A significant accumulation of freezing rain lasting several hours or more is called an ice storm.


Instruction: When I ski, at the end of the turn, I'm not able to get good grip at the end of the turn and the tail washout, why does this happen?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When I ski, at the end of the turn, I'm not able to get good grip at the end of the turn and the tail washout, why does this happen?

### Response:

Output:
There are several factors that can contribute to ski not having grip at the end of the turn and the tails washout.

First thing is to make sure your ski edges are sharp, if they are not sharp, you can visit your local ski shop and have the ski shop tune your ski edges.

Once you've made sure your ski edges are sharp, then this might be caused by either incorrect fore-aft balance and/or lateral balance.

If you are too forward at the end of the turn, meaning you feel more pressure on the ball of your foot, then that will cause the tail of the skis to not be able to bite into the snow and cause it to skid out. At the end of the turn, you want to bring your feet forward and aim to have at least half of the pressure just in front of the heel of the foot, this will allow the edge along the tail of the ski to bite into the snow.

If you have too much pressure on the uphill foot, for example, you are leaning up the hill or transferred your weight too early onto the new downhill foot, that can also cause your current downhill foot to not get enough grip and washout. Try have majority of your weight on your downhill foot until the turn is finished before transferring majority of the weight to the new downhill foot.

It will also be helpful to find a good ski instructor at your local resort or online to look at your skiing and provide feedback.


Instruction: Given this paragraph about a Tree well, why is it so dangerous for hikers, snowboarder, skiers and any snow practitioners

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about a Tree well, why is it so dangerous for hikers, snowboarder, skiers and any snow practitioners

### Input:
A tree well, also known as a spruce trap, is the space around a tree under its branches that does not get the same amount of snow as the surrounding open space. This creates a void or area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk that is dangerous to any hikers, snowshoers, skiers, snowboarders, and snowmobilers who fall into them. If someone lands in such a well, often as a result of a fall, it can be too deep for them to climb up the surrounding loose snow before they are buried. Making the situation more dangerous, they often fall into the well head-first and as the result of an accident which could leave them injured or unconscious

### Response:

Input: A tree well, also known as a spruce trap, is the space around a tree under its branches that does not get the same amount of snow as the surrounding open space. This creates a void or area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk that is dangerous to any hikers, snowshoers, skiers, snowboarders, and snowmobilers who fall into them. If someone lands in such a well, often as a result of a fall, it can be too deep for them to climb up the surrounding loose snow before they are buried. Making the situation more dangerous, they often fall into the well head-first and as the result of an accident which could leave them injured or unconscious

Output: It is dangerous because it creates an area of loose snow below the branches and around the trunk, and when someone will fall into this area it can be too deep for this person to climb up before they are buried. Another dangerous aspect is the fact that they could fall head-first which could leave them injured or unconscious.


Instruction: What's the difference between a wolf and a dog?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What's the difference between a wolf and a dog?

### Response:

Output: A dog is a domesticated pet, while a wolf is a wild animal. They both are part of the same species, and share a lot of physical similarities, but at the same time display very different behaviour.


Instruction: How many strings are on a guitar?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How many strings are on a guitar?

### Response:

Output: Standard guitars contain 6 strings: (high) E, B, G, D, A, and (low) E are the notes associated with the 6 strings.


Instruction: How do I get rid of mosquitos in my house?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do I get rid of mosquitos in my house?

### Response:

Output: You can get rid of mosquitos in your house by keeping doors closed first and foremost.  If mosquitos are already inside your house you can get a mosquito zapper from a local hardware store and put it in the part of your house that has the most mosquitos.  Some areas to consider for mosquitos would be the parts of the house where people spend the most time like the kitchen of where they sleep.  Using the bug zapper during the day is not recommended because mosquitos will find it hard to see the light.  Using it during the night makes the most sense because they will be more attracted to the light.


Instruction: Classify these as things you would want to wear for a rainy day or a very hot day: umbrella, ball cap, rain jacket, t-shirt, sunglasses, rain boots, flip-flops

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify these as things you would want to wear for a rainy day or a very hot day: umbrella, ball cap, rain jacket, t-shirt, sunglasses, rain boots, flip-flops

### Response:

Output: umbrella: rain, ball cap: hot day, rain jacket: rainy day, t-shirt: hot day, sunglasses: hot day, rain boots: rainy day, flip-flops: hot day


Instruction: When did Confinity become eBay ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When did Confinity become eBay ?

### Input:
Originally, PayPal was a money-transfer service offered by a company called Confinity which was acquired by X.com in 1999. Later, X.com was renamed PayPal and purchased by eBay in 2002. The original PayPal employees had difficulty adjusting to eBay's more traditional corporate culture and within four years all but 12 of the first 50 employees had left. They remained connected as social and business acquaintances, and a number of them worked together to form new companies and venture firms in subsequent years. This group of PayPal alumni became so prolific that the term PayPal Mafia was coined. The term gained even wider exposure when a 2007 article in Fortune magazine used the phrase in its headline and featured a photo of former PayPal employees in gangster attire.

### Response:

Input: Originally, PayPal was a money-transfer service offered by a company called Confinity which was acquired by X.com in 1999. Later, X.com was renamed PayPal and purchased by eBay in 2002. The original PayPal employees had difficulty adjusting to eBay's more traditional corporate culture and within four years all but 12 of the first 50 employees had left. They remained connected as social and business acquaintances, and a number of them worked together to form new companies and venture firms in subsequent years. This group of PayPal alumni became so prolific that the term PayPal Mafia was coined. The term gained even wider exposure when a 2007 article in Fortune magazine used the phrase in its headline and featured a photo of former PayPal employees in gangster attire.

Output: Confinity was acquired by X.com in 1999 which was later renamed to PayPal. PayPal was acquired by eBay in 2002.


Instruction: What is Google Sheets and how does it compatible with Microsoft Excel?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Google Sheets and how does it compatible with Microsoft Excel?

### Input:
Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. Google Sheets is available as a web application, mobile app for: Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, BlackBerry OS and as a desktop application on Google's ChromeOS. The app is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats. The app allows users to create and edit files online while collaborating with other users in real-time. Edits are tracked by a user with a revision history presenting changes. An editor's position is highlighted with an editor-specific color and cursor and a permissions system regulates what users can do. Updates have introduced features using machine learning, including "Explore", offering answers based on natural language questions in a spreadsheet. This is one of the services provided by Google that also includes Google Docs, Google Slides, Google Drawings, Google Forms, Google Sites and Google Keep.

### Response:

Input: Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google. Google Sheets is available as a web application, mobile app for: Android, iOS, Microsoft Windows, BlackBerry OS and as a desktop application on Google's ChromeOS. The app is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats. The app allows users to create and edit files online while collaborating with other users in real-time. Edits are tracked by a user with a revision history presenting changes. An editor's position is highlighted with an editor-specific color and cursor and a permissions system regulates what users can do. Updates have introduced features using machine learning, including "Explore", offering answers based on natural language questions in a spreadsheet. This is one of the services provided by Google that also includes Google Docs, Google Slides, Google Drawings, Google Forms, Google Sites and Google Keep.

Output: Google Sheets is a spreadsheet program included as part of the free, web-based Google Docs Editors suite offered by Google and is compatible with Microsoft Excel file formats (e.g., .XLS, .XLSX, .CSV, etc., . . .).


Instruction: Explain how "work from home" has an opportunity cost. Provide anecdotes to support your points.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Explain how "work from home" has an opportunity cost. Provide anecdotes to support your points.

### Response:

Output:
These days, it is “cool” to be a techie. Jobs come with perks, including nap rooms and free gourmet lunches. Celebrity entrepreneurs, like Mark Cuban, talk about how they are learning to write code. Back in the late 1990s when I started getting paid to write code, this was not the case. I often found myself in windowless rooms, basements or chilly server rooms wrangling data or writing code. However, from early on in my career, my managers ensured that I was exposed to the real action: where the business value-add activities took place. I walked factory floors at Prestolite in Ann Arbor to see how the ERP system for which I was contributing programming code played a part in the convergence of IT with humans working with machines and parts to produce finished products. When I worked for Richard Helppie’s Superior Consultant Holdings Corporation, while between programming assignments, I shadowed an industrial engineer who was helping to redesign an Emergency Department’s (ED) physical layout; we watched the flow of doctors, patients and nurses. We asked questions like: “why are the doctors not using the stations intended for note-taking and instead are walking down two hallways to take their notes in empty offices?”; it turned out that the note-taking station in the heart of the ED was a place where doctors were exposed to all sorts of noise and other distractions.

Being a good programmer had a lot to do with understanding software architecture, APIs, etc… But being a better programmer meant understanding the world in which the software was actually put into practice.

Ford Motor Company’s F-150 has been America’s best selling truck for 46 consecutive years. Looking at the finished product with your eyes barely conveys the awesome complexity of the supply chain involved in bringing it to life. To get a better sense of the convergence of the F-150’s supply chain into its finished product, you can take a stroll on the catwalk that hovers above the assembly line as part of the Ford Rouge Factory Tour. The public can tour the plant and walk above a large portion of the assembly process. You can see Kanban in action as workers pull components from bins and perform their specialized task in a step of the ever-rolling line, while overhead displays help orchestrate replenishment. You can get a sense of the optimized flows of humans, robots and parts. And, maybe, if you look closely, you’ll spot opportunities for improvements in the process, in the safety measures, or in areas where automation has not yet taken hold. Consider whether or not you would see such opportunities by looking at charts and graphs…

Alan Mulally was figuratively and literally a gymnast (at least during his time at the University of Kansas). After taking over the reins as CEO of Ford in 2006, he famously transformed a culture with deep-rooted divisional fiefdoms that hindered communication, reporting, efficiency and agility into a new era of quality, efficiency and innovation. A disciplined engineer by training, he did not solely rely on charts, facts and figures to drive organizational change. He used his eyes and made sure that the leaders saw the firm’s operations in a certain, methodical way. For instance, he built trust through transparency by using simple visual tools (like color-coding for status).

Once Mulally brought divisional leaders together to a conference room to look at a pile of hood prop rods for the various cars and trucks that Ford manufactures. The prop rods all looked different. They were from different suppliers, made of different materials, had a variety of costs, and had different internal staff dedicated to their role in the supply chain and assembly. He did not send a spreadsheet in an email to make his point. He had the leadership team look at the rods on the table and aimed for them to understand that “this kind of variation is costly but doesn’t matter to consumers.”

Mulally performed organizational and operational gymnastics, starting with a junk-rated company, and ending up being called “The Savior of Ford”. Mulally understood the power of seeing and of showing.

In the 1970s, Japan rocked the automotive world by mass producing high-quality, fuel-efficient vehicles at highly competitive prices. The Toyota way eventually swept across the industry, and a new jargon (and mindset) made its way to Detroit, with terms like Kaizen, Kanban, and Genchi Genbutsu. The Gemba Walk made its way into automotive manufacturing and other industries, such as Overhead Door and at the COVID-19 vaccination center at Mount Morningside Hospital in New York City. “The literal translation for Gemba (現場) is ‘the real place’ and in business it refers to the real place where value is created, such as the factory floor.” These tools are not a magic bullet; a Harvard Business Review study found that MBWA (“management by walking around”) decreased performance, on average, in a hospital setting.

I used aspects of the Gemba Walk to help design a software system for lab technicians at a major national laboratory. When the CDC needed help to track the variants of the SARS-Cov-2 (“Coronavirus”) across the USA, I helped build a system that enabled lab technicians to efficiently select and route the appropriate samples for the genetic sequencing process, a step that comes after the COVID PCR test. I went to the lab, watched the technicians, observed the physical flow of humans and materials in the lab and talked with the people involved in the process. I was able to see (and measure) aspects of the process that I was tasked with automating. I made observations that I never could have made through video calls or emails.

Software practitioners (developers, designers, architects, UX engineers and product owners) are continuously building and refining systems for robotics, assembly lines, labs, logistics, warehouses, shipyards, and other industries. “Agile” software development is a common methodology (and has some roots that are tied to Toyota-inspired manufacturing practices). Agile facilitates frequent, structured communication, but the product owner often serves as a proxy for the actual business stakeholders. He or she may communicate with slides, diagrams and customer “user stories”. However, as the value chain is communicated through the various parties (product owner, architect, etc.), the real-world value chain (what does the assembly line actually look like when it is in full swing) can become distilled and distorted.

Executives and senior managers are keenly monitoring the Work from Home (WFH) phenomenon. The U.S. Census Bureau is tracking WFH trends. Academics are analyzing WFH. Celebrity executives are flip-flopping on WFH. Productivity is questioned. But, are we asking the right question? Can you WFH and walk?

It is clear that IT and non-IT professionals prefer WFH… So companies are in a bind: force in-office work or find some middle ground. A.P. Moller – Maersk, “an integrated transport and logistics company”, lists job vacancies on their website. When looking at their IT jobs, you will struggle to see a mention of “Remote” or “Work from Home.” And you will also see vacancies, such as this Lead Software Engineer that have been open since May of 2022.

A startup named “Gemba” is hoping to solve this vexing problem using Virtual Reality (VR). A Global Newswire article from January, 2023 describes Gemba’s origin story: “Gemba grew out of executive training company The Leadership Network, founded in 2013 by CEO Nathan Robinson and Chairman Victor Lewis. Through its collaboration with global giants like Toyota, Tesla, Google, BMW and Amazon, senior executives from non-competing companies have been able to visit their state-of-the-art factories and facilities to see best practice in action as part of an executive Gemba masterclass.”

We’ll see if technology will allow techies like myself to continue to work in our pajamas while getting the benefits of a Gemba Walk. In the meantime, executives and senior managers may want to consider scheduling on-site Gemba walks. Just don’t forget to supply a gourmet lunch, a foot massage, and some nice swag.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Timbal, Lotar

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Timbal, Lotar

### Response:

Output: Lotar is string, Timbal is percussion.


Instruction: Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Pelycosaurus, Hippopotamus

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Pelycosaurus, Hippopotamus

### Response:

Output: Hippopotamus is alive, Pelycosaurus is extinct.


Instruction:
Classify the cities based on whether they are located in Eritrea or Poland.
Warsaw, Łódź, Assab, Keren, Kraków, Asmara

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the cities based on whether they are located in Eritrea or Poland.
Warsaw, Łódź, Assab, Keren, Kraków, Asmara

### Response:

Output:
Eritrea - Asmara, Keren, Assab
Poland - Warsaw, Kraków, Łódź


Instruction: How should I clean a stainless steel pan?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How should I clean a stainless steel pan?

### Response:

Output: The simplest way is to add soapy water to the pan and bring it to a boil. Scraping off the food bits with a wooden spatula becomes easy then. For tougher stains you should use a combination of baking soda and vinegar. Let the mixture sit in the pan for a while, rinse it out, and then follow the soapy water procedure.


Instruction:
Are these things you would find in a jungle? Categorize them as Yes, Maybe and No Way:
Rivers
Fence
Trees
Iphones
Subway
Animals
Mosquitos
Wildfires
Mountains
Electric scooters
Flora
Crocodiles
Trump Tower
Fauna

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Are these things you would find in a jungle? Categorize them as Yes, Maybe and No Way:
Rivers
Fence
Trees
Iphones
Subway
Animals
Mosquitos
Wildfires
Mountains
Electric scooters
Flora
Crocodiles
Trump Tower
Fauna

### Response:

Output:
Yes:
Trees
Animals
Mosquitos
Flora
Fauna

Maybe:
Wildfires
Mountains
Rivers
Fence
Crocodiles

No Way:
Iphones
Subway
Electric scooters
Trump Tower


Instruction: write a short poem about gratitude to my sister friends who lead Obon dancing with me every year

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
write a short poem about gratitude to my sister friends who lead Obon dancing with me every year

### Response:

Output: A small group of women gather with me in the small country church in California to keep Japanese Obon (folk dancing) tradition alive in the community.  The festival is open to the public and includes brightly colored kimonos, lanterns and japanese food. We carry the tradition for the next generation - children are dressed in traditional dress.   These 8 - 10 sister-women keep the tradition of honoring our ancestors, keeping the family tradition and provide dance leadership to hundreds of people every year at the annual Obon festival.  They sacrifice their time to teach and lead these dances every year.  They are my sisters


Instruction: Extract from the text who invented the Optophone.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Extract from the text who invented the Optophone.

### Input:
The optophone is a device, used by the blind, that scans text and generates time-varying chords of tones to identify letters. It is one of the earliest known applications of sonification. Dr. Edmund Fournier d'Albe of Birmingham University invented the optophone in 1913, which used selenium photosensors to detect black print and convert it into an audible output which could be interpreted by a blind person. The Glasgow company, Barr and Stroud, participated in improving the resolution and usability of the instrument.

### Response:

Input: The optophone is a device, used by the blind, that scans text and generates time-varying chords of tones to identify letters. It is one of the earliest known applications of sonification. Dr. Edmund Fournier d'Albe of Birmingham University invented the optophone in 1913, which used selenium photosensors to detect black print and convert it into an audible output which could be interpreted by a blind person. The Glasgow company, Barr and Stroud, participated in improving the resolution and usability of the instrument.

Output: Dr. Edmund Fournier d'Albe


Instruction: Given this paragraph, what key crops were not available in Europe before the colonization of the New World?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph, what key crops were not available in Europe before the colonization of the New World?

### Input:
Food historian Lois Ellen Frank calls potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, chili, cacao, and vanilla the "magic eight" ingredients that were found and used only in the Americas before 1492 and were taken via the Columbian Exchange back to the Old World, dramatically transforming the cuisine there.[17][18][19] According to Frank,[20]
If we deconstruct that these foods were inherently native, then that means that the Italians didn't have the tomato, the Irish didn't have the potato, half the British National Dish—Fish and Chips—didn't exist. The Russians didn't have the potato, nor did they have vodka from the potato. There were no chiles in any Asian cuisine anywhere in the world, nor were there any chiles in any East Indian cuisine dishes, including curries. And the French had no confection using either vanilla or chocolate. So the Old World was a completely different place.

### Response:

Input:
Food historian Lois Ellen Frank calls potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, chili, cacao, and vanilla the "magic eight" ingredients that were found and used only in the Americas before 1492 and were taken via the Columbian Exchange back to the Old World, dramatically transforming the cuisine there.[17][18][19] According to Frank,[20]
If we deconstruct that these foods were inherently native, then that means that the Italians didn't have the tomato, the Irish didn't have the potato, half the British National Dish—Fish and Chips—didn't exist. The Russians didn't have the potato, nor did they have vodka from the potato. There were no chiles in any Asian cuisine anywhere in the world, nor were there any chiles in any East Indian cuisine dishes, including curries. And the French had no confection using either vanilla or chocolate. So the Old World was a completely different place.

Output: Potatoes, tomatoes, corn, beans, squash, chili, cacao, and vanilla were not available in the Old World prior to the European discovery of the Americas


Instruction: Classify each of the following as flammable or non-flammable: coal, wood, newspaper, water, glass

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as flammable or non-flammable: coal, wood, newspaper, water, glass

### Response:

Output:
Coal: Flammable
Wood: Flammable
Newspaper: Flammable
Water: Non-flammable
Glass: Non-flammable


Instruction: Tell me whether each of these countries is an island or not: Iceland, New Zealand, Chad, Nepal, Cuba, Madagascar

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether each of these countries is an island or not: Iceland, New Zealand, Chad, Nepal, Cuba, Madagascar

### Response:

Output:
Iceland: Island
New Zealand: Island
Chad: Not an Island
Nepal: Not an Island
Cuba: Island
Madagascar: Island


Instruction: Given this reference test, what is the daily recommended value of magnesium for men in the U.S.?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this reference test, what is the daily recommended value of magnesium for men in the U.S.?

### Input:
In the UK, the recommended daily values for magnesium are 300 mg for men and 270 mg for women.[67] In the U.S. the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are 400 mg for men ages 19–30 and 420 mg for older; for women 310 mg for ages 19–30 and 320 mg for older.

### Response:

Input: In the UK, the recommended daily values for magnesium are 300 mg for men and 270 mg for women.[67] In the U.S. the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) are 400 mg for men ages 19–30 and 420 mg for older; for women 310 mg for ages 19–30 and 320 mg for older.

Output: The daily recommended value of magnesium for men in the U.S. is 400 mg.


Instruction: How can you tell the difference between a dromedary and a camel?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can you tell the difference between a dromedary and a camel?

### Response:

Output: The most notable difference between dromedaries and camels is their number of humps: a dromedary has one hump while camels have two humps.