Instruction: Who was Lester Menke

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who was Lester Menke

### Input:
Lester D. Menke (December 16, 1918 – March 5, 2016) was a state Representative from the Iowa's 5th and 7th Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1985, serving as Speaker pro Tempore from 1981 to 1985. After he served in the Iowa House, Menke served as a liaison between Governor Terry Branstad and the legislature for two years. Menke has a B.A. from Morningside College, where he later served as a member of the board of directors, and attended The University of Iowa College of Law for one year. He worked as a farm owner and for an insurance agency. He served on various school boards and served as president of the Iowa Association of School Boards and State Board of Public Instruction and as director of the National Association of State Boards of Education, as well as serving on the Iowa Educational Radio and Television Facilities Board. Menke received Morningside College's Distinguished Alumni award in 1975.[1]

### Response:

Input: Lester D. Menke (December 16, 1918 – March 5, 2016) was a state Representative from the Iowa's 5th and 7th Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1985, serving as Speaker pro Tempore from 1981 to 1985. After he served in the Iowa House, Menke served as a liaison between Governor Terry Branstad and the legislature for two years. Menke has a B.A. from Morningside College, where he later served as a member of the board of directors, and attended The University of Iowa College of Law for one year. He worked as a farm owner and for an insurance agency. He served on various school boards and served as president of the Iowa Association of School Boards and State Board of Public Instruction and as director of the National Association of State Boards of Education, as well as serving on the Iowa Educational Radio and Television Facilities Board. Menke received Morningside College's Distinguished Alumni award in 1975.[1]

Output:
Lester D. Menke (December 16, 1918 – March 5, 2016) was a state Representative from the Iowa's 5th and 7th Districts. He served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1973 to 1985, serving as Speaker pro Tempore from 1981 to 1985.

After he served in the Iowa House, Menke served as a liaison between Governor Terry Branstad and the legislature for two years. Menke has a B.A. from Morningside College, where he later served as a member of the board of directors, and attended The University of Iowa College of Law for one year. He worked as a farm owner and for an insurance agency.

He served on various school boards and served as president of the Iowa Association of School Boards and State Board of Public Instruction and as director of the National Association of State Boards of Education, as well as serving on the Iowa Educational Radio and Television Facilities Board. Menke received Morningside College's Distinguished Alumni award in 1975.


Instruction: Why Indians are so beautiful

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why Indians are so beautiful

### Response:

Output: Indians have many culture and the color of Asian subcontinent skin is makes them looks exceptional. Indian are Vibrant


Instruction: Who is considered the G.O.A.T. in basketball?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who is considered the G.O.A.T. in basketball?

### Response:

Output: Michael Jordan, Lebron James, Kobe Bryant


Instruction: Is tempeh a vegetarian food?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is tempeh a vegetarian food?

### Response:

Output: Yes, tempeh is a plant based food


Instruction: Give me a list of the past five United Kingdom Prime Ministers

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of the past five United Kingdom Prime Ministers

### Response:

Output:
The last five UK Prime Ministers, including the current are:
1. Rishi Sunak (since 2022)
2. Elizabeth Truss (2022)
3. Boris Johnson (2019-2022)
4. Theresa May (2016-2019)
5. David Cameron (2010-2016)


Instruction: What is C++?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is C++?

### Response:

Output: C++ (pronounced "C plus plus") is a high-level, general-purpose programming language created by Danish computer scientist Bjarne Stroustrup. First released in 1985 as an extension of the C programming language, it has since expanded significantly over time; modern C++ currently has object-oriented, generic, and functional features, in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software Foundation, LLVM, Microsoft, Intel, Embarcadero, Oracle, and IBM.


Instruction: From the given text, please give me a short bulleted list of the key characteristics of the Capitolium of Brixia in Brescia (Italy)

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
From the given text, please give me a short bulleted list of the key characteristics of the Capitolium of Brixia in Brescia (Italy)

### Input:
The primary temple in the city, it was dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad. It was built in 73 AD and consists of three cellae that have preserved much of the original polychrome marble floors,[30] while their interior walls are now a lapidarium displaying ancient Roman epigraphs collected in the 19th century. In front of the cellae, is a fragmentary portico, composed of Corinthian columns that support a pediment containing a dedication to the Emperor Vespasian. Almost entirely buried by a landslide of the Cidneo Hill, it was rediscovered in 1823 through various archaeological campaigns. During excavation in 1826, a splendid bronze statue of a winged Victory was found inside it, likely hidden in late antiquity to preserve it from pillage. After restoration completed in 2013, the site reopened as a new archaeological park.

### Response:

Input: The primary temple in the city, it was dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad. It was built in 73 AD and consists of three cellae that have preserved much of the original polychrome marble floors,[30] while their interior walls are now a lapidarium displaying ancient Roman epigraphs collected in the 19th century. In front of the cellae, is a fragmentary portico, composed of Corinthian columns that support a pediment containing a dedication to the Emperor Vespasian. Almost entirely buried by a landslide of the Cidneo Hill, it was rediscovered in 1823 through various archaeological campaigns. During excavation in 1826, a splendid bronze statue of a winged Victory was found inside it, likely hidden in late antiquity to preserve it from pillage. After restoration completed in 2013, the site reopened as a new archaeological park.

Output:
Primary temple of the city, built in 73 AD
Dedicated to the cult of the Capitoline Triad
Three cellae preserve the original polychrome marble floors
Interior walls display ancient Roman epigraphs from the 19th century
Almost fully buried by a landslide, and rediscovered in 1823.
Restoration completed in 2013.


Instruction: Can you tell me the root of these language? Hebrew. English, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Arabic, Farsi,  Italian

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Can you tell me the root of these language? Hebrew. English, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Arabic, Farsi,  Italian

### Response:

Output:
Yes sure!
Hebrew root is Northwest Semitic language
English is of Germanic origins
Spanish is of Latin origins
Portuguese is of Latin origins
Romanian is of Latin origins
Arabic is a Semitic language
Farsi  is of west Iranian origins
Italian is of Latin origins


Instruction: What is an enzyme inhibitor?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is an enzyme inhibitor?

### Response:

Output:
An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme's active site, or another site on the enzyme, and blocks the enzyme's catalysis of the reaction. Enzyme inhibitors are generally specific to one enzyme and control that enzyme's activity. They also control essential enzymes such as proteases or nucleases that, if left unchecked, may damage a cell.

Many poisons produced by animals or plants are enzyme inhibitors, and many drug molecules are enzyme inhibitors that inhibit an aberrant human enzyme or an enzyme critical for the survival of a pathogen. Since anti-pathogen inhibitors generally target only one enzyme, such drugs are highly specific and generally produce few side effects in humans.

Medicinal enzyme inhibitors often have low dissociation constants, meaning a minute amount of the inhibitor will inhibit the enzyme. The discovery of enzyme inhibitors and their refinement are researched in biochemistry and pharmacology.


Instruction: Should we continue to use Daylight savings?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Should we continue to use Daylight savings?

### Response:

Output:
While it is hard for our bodies to adjust to and oftentimes inconvenient, daylight savings time should be maintained in the USA as it saves energy, money, and lives.
	Daylight savings, though sometimes disrupting, helps to limit the energy wasted by Americans during the summer months. Source A reveals that, beginning in the USA in 1918, daylight saving time was originally a way to reduce energy usage during World War I. While it was repealed shortly thereafter, daylight savings was again suggested by President Roosevelt during World War II. Though inconvenient, Americans did take notice of the benefits: saving money on energy. The continued testing of daylight savings’ effects on Americans lasted through the 20th century and was written into law in 2005. Despite the skepticism from Americans over the potential drawbacks of daylight saving, the reaped benefits of saved energy and money mutually benefited the American government, economy, and citizens, all of which are still benefitting today.
	The ability to save unnecessary energy now benefit’s the American economy in the long run. In Source B, Longley cites a 1970s study by the U.S. Department of Transportation, which revealed that while daylight savings is in effect, America's electricity consumption is reduced by about one percent. Reducing one percent of America’s energy consumption would save Americans money. Also in Source B is the proposal for a provision to the Energy Policy Act of 2005, which would extend daylight savings an extra month and would allow oil drilling in Alaska, both of which would boost the American economy. The extension of daylight savings would overall save more money than it would spend.
	Despite the beneficial economic aspects of daylight saving, many dislike the time change because it affects their body schedules and daily routines. Source E claims that when the clock is moved forward or back, the body’s internal clock cannot adjust so quickly, leading to restlessness, sleep disruption, and shorter sleeping periods. The time change has also been found to link with increased heart attacks, suicides, and accidents. While the body’s internal clock may take a longer time to adjust to daylight savings time, it doesn’t outweigh the economic benefits the USA gains as a whole. Source E cites a study of 55,000 people whose sleep schedules were tracked after the time change, claiming that the subjects tended to sleep on standard time rather than daylight time, not taking into account the potential variables of age, weekend events or activities, or even the body’s natural reaction to wake up at a certain time. The study also reveals no harmful effects of the difference between sleeping on standard versus daylight savings time.
	While Source E argued that daylight savings time had more dangerous effects on people than remaining on standard time, daylight savings time can actually benefit people’s safety. In Source C, a cited study by the U.S. Department of Transportation found that during daylight saving time, there was a severe reduction in crime by ten to thirteen percent. By changing the clocks and altering the amount of sunlight during the day, people were generally less likely to become involved in any street crime taking place. The Department of Transportation also found that daylight savings time helped to increase traffic safety, as the clocks were altered to match the periods of daylight, causing fewer accidents. Daylight savings overall led to safer daily activities, while still saving money and energy.
	Daylight savings has been long disputed over: should we inconvenience ourselves just to save a little energy? Despite many people’s dislike of the changing times, daylight savings is generally beneficial to America, as it saves energy, reduces energy costs and bills for Americans, and creates a safer environment for people to live in. Daylight savings time should be continued as it ultimately benefits the American public as a whole.


Instruction: Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a bulleted list of reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player of all time.

### Response:

Output:
The following are reasons why Lionel Messi is the best soccer player:
1. He has won 7 Ballon d'Or awards
2. He has won 4 Champions League titles
3. He won the World Cup
4. He won the Copa America
5. He has over 800 goals and over 300 assists in his career


Instruction: What are some examples of a woodwind instrument?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some examples of a woodwind instrument?

### Response:

Output: Some examples of woodwind instruments include flute, clarinet, and oboe.


Instruction: What is JSON?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is JSON?

### Response:

Output: JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines to parse and generate. It is a common data format with diverse uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.


Instruction: What's the largest bird in the world?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What's the largest bird in the world?

### Response:

Output: Ostrich


Instruction: What are the official languages of Canada?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the official languages of Canada?

### Response:

Output: The official languages of Canada are English and French.


Instruction: How do I change a light bulb?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do I change a light bulb?

### Response:

Output: In order to change a light bulb, you will first need to find a replacement. Make sure to disable power to the bulb before removing or installing it. You can find the size, type, and wattage written on the bulb you are trying to replace. If the information isn't on the bulb, you can take the bulb with you to the store to help you match it to a replacement. Remove the dead bulb and install the replacement. Then restore power to the bulb to test it.


Instruction: How should I choose what cheese to buy?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How should I choose what cheese to buy?

### Response:

Output: There are many different types of cheese, so choosing what cheese to buy depends on personal preference, availability, and intended use. Washed-rind cheeses are often strongly flavored and runny so are best as a topping for bread or crackers. Harder cheeses can be eaten as a snack or grated on top of pasta.


Instruction: Which of the following wars took place in the twentieth century: World War II, American Revolution, French Revolution, Hundred Years War, and the Vietnam War?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which of the following wars took place in the twentieth century: World War II, American Revolution, French Revolution, Hundred Years War, and the Vietnam War?

### Response:

Output: World War II and the Vietnam war took place in the twentieth century.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Zill, Epinette des Vosges

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Zill, Epinette des Vosges

### Response:

Output: Epinette des Vosges is string, Zill is percussion.


Instruction: Why do i see a dark section near the CD Drive ring, when looked from a tilted angle?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why do i see a dark section near the CD Drive ring, when looked from a tilted angle?

### Response:

Output: Those darker regions closer to the ring lock on CD Drive are an indication of how much of the CD Drive space is written with data. CD Drive has sectors and the rpm of the CD drive Optical Reader will read these sectors and show it into the file system of the operating system you are using. The dark section does not necessarily show how much is available space but can be an indicator of if the CD drive is empty


Instruction: Tell me about toys that can help children learn to write.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me about toys that can help children learn to write.

### Response:

Output: Toys that help children learn to write typically involve increasing their hand strength and gross motor skills: toys such as play-doh and blocks increase hand strength. Also, practicing writing letters in sand prepares them for the motion of writing.


Instruction:
Classify the celebrities based on whether they were born in 1990 or 1991.
Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence, Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify the celebrities based on whether they were born in 1990 or 1991.
Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence, Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth

### Response:

Output:
Born in 1990 - Emma Watson, Jennifer Lawrence
Born in 1991 - Ed Sheeran, Charlie Puth


Instruction: What makes a good cocktail?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What makes a good cocktail?

### Response:

Output:
There are many elements to a good cocktail, and these can often be modified to fit individual tastes. In general, a cocktail contains a base spirit, flavors from bitters or amaros, and something to sweeten. There are optional ingredients to add as well, like fruit, juice, or herbs.

The amount of each ingredient can vary the flavor significantly, so it is important to understand the impact of each ingredient. For example, very strong flavors like bitters or absinthe should be used in very small quantities. Sometimes even a rinse in the cocktail glass or spritz on the top of the prepared cocktail is enough to add the desired amount of flavor.

A good cocktail comes about from a balance in flavors that build and develop off one another. The deep wooden flavor in whiskey is brightened by the citrus twist of an old fashioned. The sweetness from pineapple juice is deepened by the bitterness of campari in a jungle bird. The bitterness of ginger syrup is balanced with the tartness of lemon juice in a penicillin.

Many newer cocktails are spins off a classic. Each builds off a flavor profile and modifies some of the more subtle flavors therein. If one wants to experiment with creating a new cocktail, starting with a classic favorite could be a good place to start.

It is also possible to create the same balanced flavors without the use of spirits (or with the use of alcohol free spirits).


Instruction: Is organic food healthier?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is organic food healthier?

### Response:

Output: Whether a food is organic or not does not change the nutritional value of those foods. The idea that organic food is healthier than non organic food can be supported by the premise that potential chemicals or pesticides found in or non organic food are harmful and therefore unhealthy.


Instruction: Tell me whether these athletes play or have played in the National Football League (NFL) or the National Basketball Association (NBA): Kobe Bryant, Kawhi Leonard, LeBron James, Larry Bird, Michael Jordan

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these athletes play or have played in the National Football League (NFL) or the National Basketball Association (NBA): Kobe Bryant, Kawhi Leonard, LeBron James, Larry Bird, Michael Jordan

### Response:

Output: National Basketball Association (NBA)


Instruction: What's the different between a plantain and a banana?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What's the different between a plantain and a banana?

### Response:

Output: Plantains are a type of banana, which are a family edible fruits from the genus Musa. In the West, "bananas" refer the sweet, yellow type. Plantains are a starchy variety that are typically cooked.


Instruction: Who won the 2016 Nobel Prize?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who won the 2016 Nobel Prize?

### Input:
The word "autophagy" was in existence and frequently used from the middle of the 19th century.[11] In its present usage, the term autophagy was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963 based on his discovery of the functions of lysosome.[3] The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s allowed researchers to deduce the mechanisms of autophagy,[12][13][14][15][16] which eventually led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.[17]

### Response:

Input: The word "autophagy" was in existence and frequently used from the middle of the 19th century.[11] In its present usage, the term autophagy was coined by Belgian biochemist Christian de Duve in 1963 based on his discovery of the functions of lysosome.[3] The identification of autophagy-related genes in yeast in the 1990s allowed researchers to deduce the mechanisms of autophagy,[12][13][14][15][16] which eventually led to the award of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.[17]

Output: The Japanese researcher Yoshinori Ohsumi.


Instruction: What is the difference in the US between a stop sign and a traffic light?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the difference in the US between a stop sign and a traffic light?

### Response:

Output: A stop sign is a red, eight-sided metal sign that requires a driver to stop and then proceed when it is safe to do so. Many intersections have either two or four stop signs. When more than one car arrives at the intersection, the car that arrived first has the right of way. If more than one car arrives at the same time, then the car to the right has the right of way. An electric traffic light typically has three different signals: red indicates drivers should stop until the light changes; a yellow light indicates that the driver should stop if it is safe to do so because the signal is changing from red to green; and a green light means that drivers may proceed through the intersection without stopping.


Instruction: Unicorns, sharks, dragons, pythons, minotaurs, alligators, platypuses and griffins. Which of these creatures are real, and which are imaginary?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Unicorns, sharks, dragons, pythons, minotaurs, alligators, platypuses and griffins. Which of these creatures are real, and which are imaginary?

### Response:

Output: Sharks, pythons, alligators and platypuses are all real creatures. Unicorns, dragons, minotaurs and griffins are all imaginary creatures.


Instruction: What is JavaScript?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is JavaScript?

### Response:

Output: JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a programming language that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. As of 2022, 98% of websites use JavaScript on the client side for webpage behavior, often incorporating third-party libraries. All major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute the code on users' devices.


Instruction: Can you suggest 3 disadvantages  of Genetic modification technologies like CRISPR ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Can you suggest 3 disadvantages  of Genetic modification technologies like CRISPR ?

### Response:

Output:
1.Uncontrollable mutations
2.Uncontrollable population growth
3.Strong ethical concerns about discrimination


Instruction: Tell me which of these countries has more than 1 billion populations: Japan, Canada, United States, Russia

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me which of these countries has more than 1 billion populations: Japan, Canada, United States, Russia

### Response:

Output: None of these


Instruction: When was Heineken founded?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When was Heineken founded?

### Response:

Output: Heineken was founded on February 15th 1864 in Amsterdam. Heineken is a well know beer brand.


Instruction: What is fractional-reserve banking?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is fractional-reserve banking?

### Response:

Output:
Fractional-reserve banking is the system of banking operating in almost all countries worldwide, under which banks that take deposits from the public are required to hold a proportion of their deposit liabilities in liquid assets as a reserve, and are at liberty to lend the remainder to borrowers. Bank reserves are held as cash in the bank or as balances in the bank's account at the central bank. The country's central bank determines the minimum amount that banks must hold in liquid assets, called the "reserve requirement" or "reserve ratio". Most commercial banks hold more than this minimum amount as excess reserves.

Bank deposits are usually of a relatively short-term duration, and may be "at call", while loans made by banks tend to be longer-term, resulting in a risk that customers may at any time collectively wish to withdraw cash out of their accounts in excess of the bank reserves. The reserves only provide liquidity to cover withdrawals within the normal pattern. Banks and the central bank expect that in normal circumstances only a proportion of deposits will be withdrawn at the same time, and that reserves will be sufficient to meet the demand for cash. However, banks may find themselves in a shortfall situation when depositors wish to withdraw more funds than the reserves held by the bank. In that event, the bank experiencing the liquidity shortfall may borrow short-term funds in the interbank lending market from banks with a surplus. In exceptional situations, such as during an unexpected bank run, the central bank may provide funds to cover the short-term shortfall as lender of last resort.


Instruction: give me a bulleted list of ways to get to the other side of a lake.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
give me a bulleted list of ways to get to the other side of a lake.

### Response:

Output:
- walk across the suspension bridge hovering over the lake
- swim across the lake
- if you are a scorpion, hitch a ride on a frogs back and behave
- canoe across the lake
- drive around the lake and reach the other side
- zip line across the lake
- skate across the lake in the winter when the lake is frozen
- water ski across the lake
- lay on a float and hope you end up on the other side of the lake
- drain the lake and walk across on the lake bed
- take a ferry across the lake
- scuba dive across the lake


Instruction: What are the best Classic Rock bands?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the best Classic Rock bands?

### Response:

Output: While subjective, most Classic Rocks fans would all agree that Led Zeppelin, The Who, Pink Floyd, Cream, The Doors, Queen, The Rolling Stones, Yes, Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, The Moody Blues and Allman Brothers would all make the list.  There are many others like the Beatles and Grateful Dead etc that might be considered Classic Rock but also fall in other genres.


Instruction: What are some of the reasons people like to visit Brazil?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some of the reasons people like to visit Brazil?

### Response:

Output: Brazil is a South American country with a diverse landscape and cultural mix. From subtropical grasslands in the South to drier biomes in the northeast to the Amazon rainforest, many people visit the country to experience one of the world's biodiverse hotspots. Several species are endemic to Brazil, particularly in the Amazon region. The country is also known for a culture that blends European, African and Indigenous influences. Many visitors are intrigued by its diverse culture. The nation received many migrants from all over the world in the 19th and 20th centuries, leading to the largest Japanese community outside of Japan, largest Italian population outside of Italy, and the largest population of  SubSaharan African descent outside of Nigeria. Many of the cultural expressions of Brazil - capoeira, the large Carnaval parades, Brazilian soccer and jiu-jitsu - have found a devotees outside of the country.


Instruction: What does FAS, MTO and ATO stand for?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What does FAS, MTO and ATO stand for?

### Input:
Final Assembly Schedule, often abbreviated as FAS and sometimes referred to as finishing schedule, is a schedule of end items to finish the product for specific customer orders in a make to order (MTO) or assemble-to-order (ATO) environment.

### Response:

Input: Final Assembly Schedule, often abbreviated as FAS and sometimes referred to as finishing schedule, is a schedule of end items to finish the product for specific customer orders in a make to order (MTO) or assemble-to-order (ATO) environment.

Output:
FAS = Final Assembly Schedule
MTO = make to order
ATO = assemble-to-order


Instruction: What is the purpose of a shot clock in basketball?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the purpose of a shot clock in basketball?

### Response:

Output: The shot clock is intended to increase the pace of play. By having a limited amount of time to shoot, teams are encouraged to shoot more frequently, leading to a faster moving game.


Instruction: Any tips for figuring out where to enter the water when surfing a new beach?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Any tips for figuring out where to enter the water when surfing a new beach?

### Response:

Output: There is a lot of local knowledge required to be efficient at entering the water of a new beach.  It helps to know what kind of a wave break it is - is it a surf break or a reef break for example.  But if you see others in the water and it looks like a reasonable surf spot then here are a couple of pointers.  First, stand on the beach and watch what is happening for 3-5 minutes.  You'll soak up a lot just taking the time to really observe.  Second, check-out where the other surfers are entering and where they are swimming out to.  Obvious, I know, but surprisingly people will sometimes skip this step.  Third, see if you can figure out where the channels are - he channel is where the waves are breaking towards.  If you see two waves coming toward the shore in synchronization with each other, but separated by a patch of calmer water in between - the channel is typically below that calmer water.


Instruction: What is epistatis?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is epistatis?

### Response:

Output:
Epistasis is a phenomenon in genetics in which the effect of a gene mutation is dependent on the presence or absence of mutations in one or more other genes, respectively termed modifier genes. In other words, the effect of the mutation is dependent on the genetic background in which it appears. Epistatic mutations therefore have different effects on their own than when they occur together. Originally, the term epistasis specifically meant that the effect of a gene variant is masked by that of a different gene.

The concept of epistasis originated in genetics in 1907 but is now used in biochemistry, computational biology and evolutionary biology. The phenomenon arises due to interactions, either between genes (such as mutations also being needed in regulators of gene expression) or within them (multiple mutations being needed before the gene loses function), leading to non-linear effects. Epistasis has a great influence on the shape of evolutionary landscapes, which leads to profound consequences for evolution and for the evolvability of phenotypic traits.


Instruction: My back hurts when I ski a lot of moguls and bumps, why does this happen?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
My back hurts when I ski a lot of moguls and bumps, why does this happen?

### Response:

Output:
It is hard to know the exact reason why your back hurts when you ski a lot of moguls or bumps, it is best to get a ski instructor or work with a physical therapist to let them assess your movement pattern and body.

One potential cause to back pain when you ski moguls or bumps is if you are using your back to take the majority impact and absorbing the bump instead of your knee and hip. As you are hitting a bump, you want to keep your back as straight as possible and let your hip and knee take the impact. The movement pattern is similar to squatting down, where you want to drop your bottom down towards your ankle. The reason you want your knee and hip to take the impact is because those joints have much bigger range of motion compared to your back so as you hit a bump or mogul, those joints will help absorb the majority of the irregularity in the terrain so your back is not needing to move as much which will help reduce the strain being put on it.


Instruction: What are the best places to visit in France?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are the best places to visit in France?

### Response:

Output: France as a country has to offer an immense choice of travel and experience. Paris is certainly the city for those who like art, culture, and history. Its rich palaces, forts, and museums are evidence of France's culture & glorious history. For those who prefer a sunny day at a sun-kissed Mediterranean beach, the cities of Nice, Cannes, and Saint-Tropez are recommended. Anywhere you go in France, don't forget to taste its gourmet cheese and magnificent wine. And this goes without saying, the Eiffel Tower at night is absolutely gorgeous.


Instruction: Why would people prefer cats over dogs?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why would people prefer cats over dogs?

### Response:

Output: Cats are easy to care for, quiet, and relatively affordable. They even groom themselves. There are certainly benefits to owning a cat that you won't get from owning a dog.


Instruction: What is stratigraphy?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is stratigraphy?

### Response:

Output: Stratigraphy is a subset of geology and is the classification of layers (strata) of soil and rock.


Instruction: Why should people drive cars with manual transmissions?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why should people drive cars with manual transmissions?

### Response:

Output:
People should drive cars with manual transmissions because it forces drivers to be more engaged while driving and lowers the incidence of distracted driving, making it the safest choice overall.

Environmental concerns about fossil fuels aside, one of the biggest issues with driving today is distracted driving. With improvements in cruise control technology and other driver assistance functions like lane keep assist, cars are taking over more of the driving process than ever before. While the intent is to make it safer for drivers, it also has the unintended consequence of making easier for drivers to be distracted.

Cars with manual transmissions not only force greater engagement and focus, but they are also either incompatible with, or only compatible with lesser versions of, certain driver assistance features like adaptive cruise control because lowering the speed while not being able to change the gear (which is manual) could cause the car to stall.

Paradoxically, by increasing the required inputs and decreasing the number of driver assistance features, driving a manual transmission car is safest.


Instruction: Which years was the Tour de France not raced?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which years was the Tour de France not raced?

### Response:

Output: The Tour was not contested in 1915, 1916, 1917 and 1918 due to World War 1. It was again postponed from 1940 through 1945 due to World War 2.


Instruction: Do the new shift rules in Major League Baseball make the game more exciting?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Do the new shift rules in Major League Baseball make the game more exciting?

### Response:

Output:
Prior to this season, Major League Baseball(MLB) allowed infielders to shift based on who was at bat for the opposing team.  The shift simply means that the defending infield could load a certain side of the infield.  For example, the shortstop could move to where the 2nd baseman normally is positioned and the 2nd baseman might play in shallow right field.  The 3rd baseman would occupy the left side of the infield.  The theory behind this shift strategy is based on advanced analytics used in the game of baseball.  Using a spray chart to determine where a hitter normally puts a ball in play and with what type of pitch thrown, the defending team would shift to cover more of the playing field and therefore increase the chance the defending team would record an out based on this strategy.
It was increasingly used over the last 3-4 years and some argue that employing the shift decreased the number of hits and runs scored during a game.  The downstream effect of this made for a lower scoring affair and a less exciting game for a fan base that is increasingly younger and looking for more excitement during baseball games.
One argument for allowing the shift is that hitters, being professionals, would adjust and try to beat the shift by hitting a ball away from the shift or hitting to the "opposite field."  Hitters answer to beating the shift was to increase their launch angle and play for the home run.  While the home run was an important run scoring mechanism, MLB decided to outlaw the shift from defensive strategy for the 2023 season.  Hitters refusal to adjust to the shift led to this decision by MLB.  The concern was games were not action packed enough and ultimately MLB would continue to lose popularity by its younger viewers, opting for other sports like Basketball, Football, or Hockey to spend their money on.  No longer can you sift defensive players.  The rules for this season are there must be 2 defenders on each side of 2nd base and their feet must be on the infield dirt as the pitch is being delivered.  The hope is more hits will be produced, more runs scored, and an increase in fan approval created.  The early opinion after the first week of the MLB season is that the games are proving to be faster paced with more runs and all around action created.


Instruction: Classify each of the following as a conductor or insulator: steel, copper, rubber, wood, cardboard, aluminum

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Classify each of the following as a conductor or insulator: steel, copper, rubber, wood, cardboard, aluminum

### Response:

Output:
Steel: Conductor
Copper: Conductor
Rubber: Insulator
Wood: Insulator
Cardboard: Insulator
Aluminum: Conductor


Instruction: What is a personalized sales email?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a personalized sales email?

### Response:

Output: A personalized sales email is an email written to a specific person at a company. This type of email is tailored to a prospective customer in a way that touches upon why you are reaching out to that person and why you are reaching out to that person right now. An initial personalized email aims to spark interest in potential buyers, hoping they agree to discuss the value they might gain by purchasing your offering.


Instruction: Please tell me whether these are fish or fowl: salmon, chicken, tuna, swordfish, turkey, and halibut.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Please tell me whether these are fish or fowl: salmon, chicken, tuna, swordfish, turkey, and halibut.

### Response:

Output: The fish are: salmon, tuna, swordfish, and halibut. The fowl (i.e., birds) are chicken and turkey.


Instruction: Give me a list of the venues that were used for the US Open Golf tournament through the years 1991 - 1995

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of the venues that were used for the US Open Golf tournament through the years 1991 - 1995

### Response:

Output:
1991 - Hazeltine National Golf Club
1992 - Pebble Beach Golf Links
1993 - Baltusrol Golf Club (Lower Course)
1994 - Oakmont Country Club
1995 - Shinnecock Hills Golf Club


Instruction: Which Bond girl guest starred on the TV show Game of Thrones?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which Bond girl guest starred on the TV show Game of Thrones?

### Response:

Output: Diana Rigg, who played Teresa di Vicenzo in the James Bond movie "On Her Majesty's Secret Service," played Olenna Tyrell in Game of Thrones.


Instruction: What state makes the best BBQ?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What state makes the best BBQ?

### Response:

Output: There is no one answer, but I believe Texas for beef and North Carolina for Pork.


Instruction: Which animal is the most faster?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which animal is the most faster?

### Response:

Output:
The fastest animal on land is the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus), capable of reaching speeds of up to 70 miles per hour (112 kilometers per hour) over short distances. They achieve these impressive speeds through their slender build, flexible spine, and long legs, which allow them to take long strides and cover a lot of ground with each stride.

However, if we consider all animals, including those that fly or swim, the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) is the fastest animal in the world. It can reach speeds of up to 240 miles per hour (386 kilometers per hour) during a hunting dive known as a stoop, making it the fastest animal in the world overall.

It's worth noting that different animals have different ways of measuring their speed, and some species are faster in certain situations than in others. However, in terms of pure top speed, the cheetah and peregrine falcon are among the fastest animals on the planet.


Instruction: How many of the Lira satellites were successful?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How many of the Lira satellites were successful?

### Input:
Kosmos 1375 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 986 kilometres (613 mi), an apogee of 1,003 kilometres (623 mi), 65.8 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 105 minutes.[2] On 18 June 1982, it was successfully intercepted and destroyed by Kosmos 1379 in the final Soviet anti-satellite weapons test to be conducted. As of 2022, debris is still in orbit.[1][5]

Kosmos 1375 was the last of ten Lira satellites to be launched,[2] of which all but the first were successful. Lira was derived from the earlier DS-P1-M satellite, which it replaced.

### Response:

Input:
Kosmos 1375 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 986 kilometres (613 mi), an apogee of 1,003 kilometres (623 mi), 65.8 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 105 minutes.[2] On 18 June 1982, it was successfully intercepted and destroyed by Kosmos 1379 in the final Soviet anti-satellite weapons test to be conducted. As of 2022, debris is still in orbit.[1][5]

Kosmos 1375 was the last of ten Lira satellites to be launched,[2] of which all but the first were successful. Lira was derived from the earlier DS-P1-M satellite, which it replaced.

Output: 10 were launched, 1 was not successful, so 10-1 = 9 were successful.


Instruction: Is Leucascidae a sponge

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is Leucascidae a sponge

### Input:
Leucascidae is a family of calcareous sponges in the order Clathrinida.[1]

### Response:

Input: Leucascidae is a family of calcareous sponges in the order Clathrinida.[1]

Output: Leucascidae is a family of calcareous sponges in the order Clathrinida.


Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Bongo drum, Kingri

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Bongo drum, Kingri

### Response:

Output: Kingri is string, Bongo drum is percussion.


Instruction: Which film star was the first to appear on a postage stamp

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which film star was the first to appear on a postage stamp

### Response:

Output: Grace Kelly


Instruction: Is cacao good for you?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Is cacao good for you?

### Response:

Output: Cacao is very good for the body.  It is a good source of antioxidants, and other minerals.  It has manganese, iron, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, zinc, and selenium.  These are also elements the body needs.  There is 5 grams of protein in one ounce of cacao, and some of the amino acids in the cacao protein help with regulating mood and sleep.  Cacao may also help with cognitive function, cardiovascular and gut health.


Instruction: How do you play soccer?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do you play soccer?

### Response:

Output: A standard soccer team has 11 players. Each team has 1 goalkeeper and 10 field players. Only the goalkeeper is allowed to use their hands while on the field and only in the penalty box area. The goal of the game is to move the soccer ball past the opposing team and put the ball into the opposing goal. If a player touches the ball out the sideline, the opposing team gets a thrown in from that spot. If a defending player plays the ball out the backline, the offensive team gets a corner kick. If the offensive player plays the ball out the backline, the defensive team gets a goal kick. Typically the game is played outside on a grass field. A regulation game is 90 minutes with a half time break. One main referee and two sideline referees officiate the game. Players are required to wear shin guards for protection. Outside of the United States the game is commonly known as football.


Instruction: Tell me whether these are alcohol or not

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these are alcohol or not

### Response:

Output: Beer, Coca, Gin, Water, Wine, Coffee, Tea


Instruction: What is Lawson in Japan?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Lawson in Japan?

### Input:
Lawson, Inc. (株式会社ローソン, Kabushiki gaisha Rōson) is a convenience store franchise chain in Japan. The store originated in the United States in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, but exists today as a Japanese company based in Shinagawa, Tokyo.

### Response:

Input: Lawson, Inc. (株式会社ローソン, Kabushiki gaisha Rōson) is a convenience store franchise chain in Japan. The store originated in the United States in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, but exists today as a Japanese company based in Shinagawa, Tokyo.

Output: Lawson is a convenience store franchise chain in Japan


Instruction: Who won highest number of Men's singles Wimbledon titles?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who won highest number of Men's singles Wimbledon titles?

### Response:

Output: Roger Federer won highest number of Wimbledon titles (8 Titles)


Instruction: Give me some ideas of places to visit on my next backpacking trip to South America.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me some ideas of places to visit on my next backpacking trip to South America.

### Response:

Output:
- Take a cruise to visit the islands of the Galapagos
- Straddle the northern and southern hemispheres at La Mitad del Mundo (The Middle of the Earth), close to Quito, Ecuador
- Hike the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu from Cusco in Peru. You need to get a permit at least 6 months in advance.
- Hike the Salkantay Trek to Machu Picchu from Cusco in Peru. It is a great alternative to the Inca Trail if you do not get a permit.
- Visit villages around Lake Titicaca in Peru
- Take a multi-day tour to the Salar de Uyuni, the world's largest salt flat, on a four-wheel drive from Uyuni in Bolivia
- Go stargazing in the Atacama Desert in Chile


Instruction: From the passage provided, extract when the roaring lion photograph was shot

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
From the passage provided, extract when the roaring lion photograph was shot

### Input:
The Roaring Lion is a black and white photographic portrait of a 67-year-old Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The portrait was taken in 1941 by Armenian-Canadian photographer Yousuf Karsh in the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.[1]

Date and location of photography
The photograph was shot on December 30, 1941, in the Speaker's Chamber of the Canadian Speaker of the House of Commons at Parliament in Ottawa after Churchill delivered his "Some chicken, some neck" speech on World War II to Canadian members of parliament.[2] The brief photo session was arranged by the Canadian prime minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King.[3]

### Response:

Input:
The Roaring Lion is a black and white photographic portrait of a 67-year-old Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The portrait was taken in 1941 by Armenian-Canadian photographer Yousuf Karsh in the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.[1]

Date and location of photography
The photograph was shot on December 30, 1941, in the Speaker's Chamber of the Canadian Speaker of the House of Commons at Parliament in Ottawa after Churchill delivered his "Some chicken, some neck" speech on World War II to Canadian members of parliament.[2] The brief photo session was arranged by the Canadian prime minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King.[3]

Output: The photograph was shot on December 30, 1941


Instruction: Which is a species of fish? Sneaker or Sole

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which is a species of fish? Sneaker or Sole

### Response:

Output: Sole


Instruction: What is the holographic principle?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the holographic principle?

### Response:

Output:
The holographic principle is an axiom in string theories and a supposed property of quantum gravity that states that the description of a volume of space can be thought of as encoded on a lower-dimensional boundary to the region — such as a light-like boundary like a gravitational horizon.

The holographic principle states that the entropy of ordinary mass (not just black holes) is also proportional to surface area and not volume; that volume itself is illusory and the universe is really a hologram which is isomorphic to the information "inscribed" on the surface of its boundary.

First proposed by Gerard 't Hooft, it was given a precise string-theory interpretation by Leonard Susskind, who combined his ideas with previous ones of 't Hooft and Charles Thorn. Leonard Susskind said, “The three-dimensional world of ordinary experience––the universe filled with galaxies, stars, planets, houses, boulders, and people––is a hologram, an image of reality coded on a distant two-dimensional surface." As pointed out by Raphael Bousso, Thorn observed in 1978 that string theory admits a lower-dimensional description in which gravity emerges from it in what would now be called a holographic way. The prime example of holography is the AdS/CFT correspondence.


Instruction: Tell me whether these are states or countries: Canada, South Carolina, New York, New Jersey, Japan, Germany, Australia, USA, Georgia, United Kingdom.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these are states or countries: Canada, South Carolina, New York, New Jersey, Japan, Germany, Australia, USA, Georgia, United Kingdom.

### Response:

Output:
Canada is a country.
South Carolina is a state.
New York is a state.
New Jersey is a state.
Japan is a country.
Germany is a country.
Australia is a country.
USA is a country.
Georgia is a state.
United Kingdom is a country.


Instruction: When did Google purchase YouTube

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
When did Google purchase YouTube

### Input:
In October 2006, YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion.[11] Google's ownership of YouTube expanded the site's business model, expanding from generating revenue from advertisements alone to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subscription option for watching content without ads. YouTube also approved creators to participate in Google's AdSense program, which seeks to generate more revenue for both parties. YouTube reported revenue of $29.2 billion in 2022.[12] In 2021, YouTube's annual advertising revenue increased to $28.8 billion, an increase in revenue of 9 billion from the previous year.[1]

### Response:

Input: In October 2006, YouTube was bought by Google for $1.65 billion.[11] Google's ownership of YouTube expanded the site's business model, expanding from generating revenue from advertisements alone to offering paid content such as movies and exclusive content produced by YouTube. It also offers YouTube Premium, a paid subscription option for watching content without ads. YouTube also approved creators to participate in Google's AdSense program, which seeks to generate more revenue for both parties. YouTube reported revenue of $29.2 billion in 2022.[12] In 2021, YouTube's annual advertising revenue increased to $28.8 billion, an increase in revenue of 9 billion from the previous year.[1]

Output: Google purchased YouTube in October 2006 for $1.65 billion


Instruction: What is the special aspect of Einstein's special theory of relativity?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the special aspect of Einstein's special theory of relativity?

### Input:
Until several years later when Einstein developed general relativity, which introduced a curved spacetime to incorporate gravity, the phrase "special relativity" was not used. A translation sometimes used is "restricted relativity"; "special" really means "special case".[p 2][p 3][p 4][note 1] Some of the work of Albert Einstein in special relativity is built on the earlier work by Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré. The theory became essentially complete in 1907.[4]

The theory is "special" in that it only applies in the special case where the spacetime is "flat", that is, where the curvature of spacetime (a consequence of the energy–momentum tensor and representing gravity) is negligible.[8][note 2] In order to correctly accommodate gravity, Einstein formulated general relativity in 1915. Special relativity, contrary to some historical descriptions, does accommodate accelerations as well as accelerating frames of reference.[9][10]

### Response:

Input:
Until several years later when Einstein developed general relativity, which introduced a curved spacetime to incorporate gravity, the phrase "special relativity" was not used. A translation sometimes used is "restricted relativity"; "special" really means "special case".[p 2][p 3][p 4][note 1] Some of the work of Albert Einstein in special relativity is built on the earlier work by Hendrik Lorentz and Henri Poincaré. The theory became essentially complete in 1907.[4]

The theory is "special" in that it only applies in the special case where the spacetime is "flat", that is, where the curvature of spacetime (a consequence of the energy–momentum tensor and representing gravity) is negligible.[8][note 2] In order to correctly accommodate gravity, Einstein formulated general relativity in 1915. Special relativity, contrary to some historical descriptions, does accommodate accelerations as well as accelerating frames of reference.[9][10]

Output: The "special" part of Einstein's special theory of relativity is a reference to it being a special case of his General Theory of Relativity. Special relativity only applies in the special case where the curvature of spacetime is negligible, i.e., spacetime is "flat". Special relativity was formulated in 1907, and in order to correctly accommodate gravity, Einstein formulated general relativity in 1915.


Instruction: I am about to have my third child under the age of 4.  What car should I get that would fit my family of 5, 3 kids in car seats, a dog and the possibility of adding another child in a few years?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
I am about to have my third child under the age of 4.  What car should I get that would fit my family of 5, 3 kids in car seats, a dog and the possibility of adding another child in a few years?

### Response:

Output: You should consider test driving and purchasing a minivan.  With three children under the age of five, all of which are going to need to be in car seats for the foresee able future, the built in features of a minivan are going to fit your current and short term needs.  They include, but are not limited to automatic side doors, automatic rear doors, front, backup, and in cabin cameras, in car vacuum, parking assist, cruise control, built-in sun shades, captain chairs with a removable middle seat and rear entertainment.  A minivan can easily sit 8 adults or children comfortably.  It is the perfect car for a family of five or more should your family grow.


Instruction: Why do cats lick themselves

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why do cats lick themselves

### Response:

Output: Cats lick to show affection, to bond with you and other cats, and to groom themselves. Licking excessively can signal your cat has a medical issue, an allergy, or stress and anxiety. You may need to take your cat to the vet for evaluation and treatment if they develop bald spots from grooming too much


Instruction: Maria Magdelana Von Losch Beyyer know as who

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Maria Magdelana Von Losch Beyyer know as who

### Response:

Output: Marlene Dietrich


Instruction: Given this paragraph about video games, when was the Legend of Zelda originally released?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph about video games, when was the Legend of Zelda originally released?

### Input:
The Legend of Zelda, originally released in Japan as The Hyrule Fantasy: Zelda no Densetsu,[b][8][c] is a 1986 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo.[9] The first game of The Legend of Zelda series, it is set in the fantasy land of Hyrule and centers on an elf-like boy named Link, who aims to collect the eight fragments of the Triforce of Wisdom in order to rescue Princess Zelda from the antagonist Ganon.[10] During the course of the game, the player controls Link from a top-down perspective and navigates throughout the overworld and dungeons, collecting weapons, defeating enemies and uncovering secrets along the way.[11]

### Response:

Input: The Legend of Zelda, originally released in Japan as The Hyrule Fantasy: Zelda no Densetsu,[b][8][c] is a 1986 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo.[9] The first game of The Legend of Zelda series, it is set in the fantasy land of Hyrule and centers on an elf-like boy named Link, who aims to collect the eight fragments of the Triforce of Wisdom in order to rescue Princess Zelda from the antagonist Ganon.[10] During the course of the game, the player controls Link from a top-down perspective and navigates throughout the overworld and dungeons, collecting weapons, defeating enemies and uncovering secrets along the way.[11]

Output: 1986


Instruction: Who would be your starting five on your current NBA team?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who would be your starting five on your current NBA team?

### Response:

Output: My starting five is not determined by who would be the best statistical performer at each position but more made up of which group of players I think would be the most fun to watch while also being a championship contender. To start, let's get the elephant out of the room, the big man down under has to be Joel Embiid for me. Offensively he is one of the best players in the league, no questions asked. Defensively, when he can stay out of foul trouble, he could easily make a run at DPOY (Defensive Player of the Year).  At the 4, im still going big because of this mans ability to move his feet. Jokic is a 280lb ballerina with Einstein'esque IQ and court vision like an owl. At the 3, I need a lock down defender and a court runner, oh, and two time MVP in Giannis Antetoukoumpo. I doubt this front court would be allowed to share an elevator. For my back court I need to support this tremendous front court cast with shooters and passers. Im going to pair Lamelo Ball with Luka Doncic to further bolster the teams height (avgs 6'9). Lamelo and Luka can both knock down the three ball, get to the paint off the dribble, execute the pick and roll flawlessly and are 6'6 and 6'7 respectively. This group should have no problem taking on any other 5 in the league and probably any historically.


Instruction: Name the BRICS nations.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Name the BRICS nations.

### Response:

Output: Brazil, Russia, India, China & S.Africa


Instruction: Given this paragraph, who was Ayrton Senna's teammate at McLaren-Honda?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Given this paragraph, who was Ayrton Senna's teammate at McLaren-Honda?

### Input:
Ayrton Senna began his motorsport career in karting, moved up to open-wheel racing in 1981 and won the 1983 British Formula Three Championship. He made his Formula One debut with Toleman-Hart in 1984, before moving to Lotus-Renault the following year and winning six Grands Prix over the next three seasons. In 1988, he joined Frenchman Alain Prost at McLaren-Honda. Between them, they won all but one of the 16 Grands Prix that year, and Senna claimed his first World Championship. Prost claimed the championship in 1989, and Senna his second and third championships in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, the Williams-Renault combination began to dominate Formula One. Senna nonetheless managed to finish the 1993 season as runner-up, winning five races and negotiating a move to Williams in 1994.

### Response:

Input: Ayrton Senna began his motorsport career in karting, moved up to open-wheel racing in 1981 and won the 1983 British Formula Three Championship. He made his Formula One debut with Toleman-Hart in 1984, before moving to Lotus-Renault the following year and winning six Grands Prix over the next three seasons. In 1988, he joined Frenchman Alain Prost at McLaren-Honda. Between them, they won all but one of the 16 Grands Prix that year, and Senna claimed his first World Championship. Prost claimed the championship in 1989, and Senna his second and third championships in 1990 and 1991. In 1992, the Williams-Renault combination began to dominate Formula One. Senna nonetheless managed to finish the 1993 season as runner-up, winning five races and negotiating a move to Williams in 1994.

Output: While at McLaren-Honda, Alain Prost was Ayrton Senna's teammate.


Instruction:
which of the following are software companies vs not?

shell
microsoft
nasa
spacex
grammarly
apple
figma
john deere
bira 91

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
which of the following are software companies vs not?

shell
microsoft
nasa
spacex
grammarly
apple
figma
john deere
bira 91

### Response:

Output:
software companies:
microsoft
grammarly
apple
figma


Instruction: Tell me whether these are pasta types or pizza types: macaroni, rigatoni, margherita, pepperoni, orzo, spaghetti, stuffed crust, Hawaiian

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me whether these are pasta types or pizza types: macaroni, rigatoni, margherita, pepperoni, orzo, spaghetti, stuffed crust, Hawaiian

### Response:

Output:
Pasta: macaroni, rigatoni, orzo, spaghetti
Pizza: margherita, pepperoni, stuffed crust, Hawaiian


Instruction: How can I have a productive day?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can I have a productive day?

### Response:

Output: Here are some ideas. Start with making a list of some things you would like to accomplish or do to make the day a meaningful success in your eyes. Prioritize those activities from most important to least important, or by time of day you would like to have them completed. Then open your planner or calendar and fill those activities into the appropriate time slot. Then check off those items as you complete them or participate in those activities to give yourself a sense of accomplishment. At the end of the day, you could journal to reflect on how the day went, what you could have done differently or approved, and plan the next day with those lessons in mind.


Instruction: How many time zones does Alaska have?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How many time zones does Alaska have?

### Response:

Output: Alaska has two time zones: Alaska Time Zone (UTC-09:00 standard and UTC-08:00 daylight saving) and Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone (UTC-10:00 standard and UTC-09:00 daylight saving). The latter is used only by islands on the Aleutian chain that are west of 169°30′W.


Instruction: Why are cookies delicious?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why are cookies delicious?

### Response:

Output: Cookies are delicious typically because they contain fat (oils usually), sugar, and salt in addition to carbohydrates from flour, many ingredients of which human taste buds enjoy. They are also baked, adding the heat element, which chemically alters them to be more palatable.


Instruction: Based on this paragraph, what might be some appealing things about Bloomington?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Based on this paragraph, what might be some appealing things about Bloomington?

### Input:
Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Indiana, United States. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana". The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington.

### Response:

Input: Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County, Indiana, United States. It is the seventh-largest city in Indiana and the fourth-largest outside the Indianapolis metropolitan area. According to the Monroe County History Center, Bloomington is known as the "Gateway to Scenic Southern Indiana". The city was established in 1818 by a group of settlers from Kentucky, Tennessee, the Carolinas, and Virginia who were so impressed with "a haven of blooms" that they called it Bloomington.

Output: Bloomington appears to be a scenic place with natural beauty such as fields of flowers. As the fourth largest city in Indiana outside of Indianapolis, it may be a small and quiet town which may be appealing to those looking for a laid back place to spend time.


Instruction: Give me 5 great landmarks to visit in the western united states

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me 5 great landmarks to visit in the western united states

### Response:

Output:
- The Grand Canyon
- Mount Rainier
- The Golden Gate Bridge
- Yellow Stone National Park
- Disney Land


Instruction: Extract names of all previous US presidents in the paragraph below:

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Extract names of all previous US presidents in the paragraph below:

### Input:
Muskets with interchangeable locks caught the attention of Thomas Jefferson through the efforts of Honoré Blanc when Jefferson was Ambassador to France in 1785. Jefferson tried to persuade Blanc to move to America, but was not successful, so he wrote to the American Secretary of War with the idea, and when he returned to the USA he worked to fund its development. President George Washington approved of the idea, and by 1798 a contract was issued to Eli Whitney for 12,000 muskets built under the new system.

### Response:

Input: Muskets with interchangeable locks caught the attention of Thomas Jefferson through the efforts of Honoré Blanc when Jefferson was Ambassador to France in 1785. Jefferson tried to persuade Blanc to move to America, but was not successful, so he wrote to the American Secretary of War with the idea, and when he returned to the USA he worked to fund its development. President George Washington approved of the idea, and by 1798 a contract was issued to Eli Whitney for 12,000 muskets built under the new system.

Output: The following are names of US presidents in the paragraph above: Thomas Jefferson (or Jefferson), George Washington.


Instruction: Why is Rafael Nadal so successful on clay courts?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why is Rafael Nadal so successful on clay courts?

### Response:

Output: There are a lot of factors contributing to Rafael Nadal's success on clay. It starts with his preferred play style, heavy topspin. Heavily top spun ball bites into the surface more and jumped up higher, making it harder for the opponents to get the ball back. Next is his physical prowess -- clay courts are slow, which leads to longer points, so the players have to be in fantastic physical shape for them to keep playing at their best levels for 3-4 hours on average. Finally, Rafael Nadal's attitude and competitive spirit -- never give up, always plays with a high-intensity point in point out, and plays the sport with humility make him the ultimate champion he is on clay courts.


Instruction: What are good female celebrity costumes for an 80s party?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are good female celebrity costumes for an 80s party?

### Response:

Output:
There are many amazing 80s female costume options to choose from. See the list below for a few top choices:

- Madonna
- Jem and the Holograms
- Pamela Anderson
- Punky Brewster
- Lady Diana
- Alex Owens from Flashdance
- The Golden Girls
- She-Ra
- Tina Turner


Instruction: What is Dragon Ball Z?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Dragon Ball Z?

### Input:
Dragon Ball Z[c] is a Japanese anime television series produced by Toei Animation. Part of the Dragon Ball media franchise, it is the sequel to the 1986 Dragon Ball anime series and adapts the latter 325 chapters of the original Dragon Ball manga series created by Akira Toriyama. The series aired in Japan on Fuji TV from April 1989 to January 1996 and was later dubbed for broadcast in at least 81 countries worldwide.[6]

Dragon Ball Z continues the adventures of Goku in his adult life as he and his companions defend the Earth against villains including aliens (Vegeta, Frieza), androids (Cell), and magical creatures (Majin Buu). At the same time, the story parallels the life of his son, Gohan, as well as the development of his rivals, Piccolo and Vegeta.

### Response:

Input:
Dragon Ball Z[c] is a Japanese anime television series produced by Toei Animation. Part of the Dragon Ball media franchise, it is the sequel to the 1986 Dragon Ball anime series and adapts the latter 325 chapters of the original Dragon Ball manga series created by Akira Toriyama. The series aired in Japan on Fuji TV from April 1989 to January 1996 and was later dubbed for broadcast in at least 81 countries worldwide.[6]

Dragon Ball Z continues the adventures of Goku in his adult life as he and his companions defend the Earth against villains including aliens (Vegeta, Frieza), androids (Cell), and magical creatures (Majin Buu). At the same time, the story parallels the life of his son, Gohan, as well as the development of his rivals, Piccolo and Vegeta.

Output: Dragon Ball Z is a manga and an anime about an alien man who comes to Earth named Goku. It picks up the show from its prequel Dragon Ball and is analogous to Superman. Goku  is a Saiyan, a race of fighting aliens, and as an adult, he and his friends, the Z fighters, defend the Earth from other Saiyans such as Raditz and Vegeta, alien overlords such as Frieza, androids such as Cell, and magical creatures such as Majin Buu.


Instruction: Give me a list of the US Open Golf Venues from 1981-1985

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me a list of the US Open Golf Venues from 1981-1985

### Response:

Output:
1981 - Merion Golf Course (East Course) in Ardmore, Pennsylvania
1982 - Pebble Beach Golf Links in Pebble Beach, California
1983 - Oakmont Country Club in Plum, Pennsylvania
1984 - Winged Foot Golf Course (West Course)	in Mamaroneck, New York
1985 - Oakmont Country Club in Plum, Pennsylvania


Instruction: Tell me what sport these players play: Kris Bryant, Zach Lavine, Justin Fields

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me what sport these players play: Kris Bryant, Zach Lavine, Justin Fields

### Response:

Output: Kris Bryant is a baseball player for the Colorado Rockies, Zach Lavine is a basketball player for the Chicago Bulls, and Justin Fields plays football for the NFL, Chicago Bears.


Instruction: What are some ways I can improve my general health during my work day?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What are some ways I can improve my general health during my work day?

### Response:

Output: There are a number of things you can do to improve your general health during your working day. You can use a standing desk or a desk treadmill. You may be able to go for a walk while on a phone or conference call. It is also good to try and fit in some time for activities such as visiting the gym, doing yoga or meditating.


Instruction: Who wrote The Originals?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Who wrote The Originals?

### Response:

Output: Adam Grant


Instruction: Where is New Hampshire?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Where is New Hampshire?

### Response:

Output: Location is a relative concept, although for the sake of this response, let's assume that you are looking at a standard map of the world built using the widely accepted Mercator projection. New Hampshire is a state located in the north east corner of the United States of America, which itself is located in the Northern and Western hemispheres. New Hampshire is bordered on 4 sides by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine to the east, and Canada to the north.


Instruction: Which is the most populous city in the United States

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which is the most populous city in the United States

### Input:
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), New York City is the most densely populated major city in the United States and more than twice as populous as Los Angeles, the nation's second-largest city.

### Response:

Input: New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over 300.46 square miles (778.2 km2), New York City is the most densely populated major city in the United States and more than twice as populous as Los Angeles, the nation's second-largest city.

Output: New York


Instruction: What is a SuperDisk?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is a SuperDisk?

### Input:
The SuperDisk LS-120 is a high-speed, high-capacity alternative to the 90 mm (3.5 in), 1.44 MB floppy disk. The SuperDisk hardware was created by 3M's storage products group Imation in 1997, with manufacturing chiefly by Matsushita.

The SuperDisk's format was designed to supersede the floppy disk with its higher-capacity media that imitated the ubiquitous format with its own 120 MB (and later 240 MB) disk storage while the SuperDisk drive itself was backwards compatible with 1.44 MB and 720 KB floppy formats (MFM). Superdisk drives read and write faster to these sorts of disks than conventional 1.44 MB or 720 KB floppy drives. The newer LS-240 drives also have the ability to read and write regular 1.44 MB floppies at much higher densities.

### Response:

Input:
The SuperDisk LS-120 is a high-speed, high-capacity alternative to the 90 mm (3.5 in), 1.44 MB floppy disk. The SuperDisk hardware was created by 3M's storage products group Imation in 1997, with manufacturing chiefly by Matsushita.

The SuperDisk's format was designed to supersede the floppy disk with its higher-capacity media that imitated the ubiquitous format with its own 120 MB (and later 240 MB) disk storage while the SuperDisk drive itself was backwards compatible with 1.44 MB and 720 KB floppy formats (MFM). Superdisk drives read and write faster to these sorts of disks than conventional 1.44 MB or 720 KB floppy drives. The newer LS-240 drives also have the ability to read and write regular 1.44 MB floppies at much higher densities.

Output: The SuperDisk is a storage medium that was created to supplant the 90 mm 1.44 MB floppy disk. It was created by 3M's storage products group in 1997. The product was not commercially successful and was discontinued in 2003.


Instruction: What is the game called Lacrosse

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the game called Lacrosse

### Response:

Output:
Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse stick and a lacrosse ball. It is the oldest organized sport in North America,[ with its origins with the indigenous people of North America as early as the 12th century.The game was extensively modified by European colonists, reducing the violence, to create its current collegiate and professional form.

Players use the head of the lacrosse stick to carry, pass, catch, and shoot the ball into the goal. The sport has four versions that have different sticks, fields, rules and equipment: field lacrosse, women's lacrosse, box lacrosse and intercrosse. The men's games, field lacrosse (outdoor) and box lacrosse (indoor), are contact sports and all players wear protective gear: helmet, gloves, shoulder pads, and elbow pads. The women's game is played outdoors and does not allow body contact but does allow stick to stick contact.The only protective gear required for women players is eyegear, while goalies wear helmets and protective pads. Both men's and women's field lacrosse have 6v6 versions played on smaller fields, gaining acceptance in multi-sport events. Intercrosse is a mixed-gender non-contact sport played indoors that uses an all-plastic stick and a softer ball.

The modern sport is governed by World Lacrosse and is the only international sport organization to recognize First Nations bands and Native American tribes as sovereign nations.The organization hosts the World Lacrosse Championship for men, the Women's Lacrosse World Cup, the World Indoor Lacrosse Championship for box lacrosse, and the Under-19 World Lacrosse Championships for both men and women. Each is held every four years. Lacrosse at the Summer Olympics has been contested at two editions of the Summer Olympic Games, 1904 and 1908.It was also held as a demonstration event at the 1928, 1932, and 1948 Summer Olympics.


Instruction: How can a drought impact food supplies, and what effect does this change have?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How can a drought impact food supplies, and what effect does this change have?

### Response:

Output: A drought can reduce the amount of crops that can be grown due to less water being available for the farms in an area. In turn, fewer crops lead to smaller harvests, which can lead to issues supplying food to the area. These can lead to high food prices, or in severe cases, this can lead to famines.


Instruction: Tell me about the American Civil War

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Tell me about the American Civil War

### Response:

Output: The American Civil War was fought from 1861 - 1865 between the Union (North) and Confederate (South) armies.  The Union was thought to have an easy path to victory since it enjoyed the advantages of a more modern industrial economy and greater numbers of fighting aged-men.  However, the war dragged on for much longer, and at a higher cost than most initially imagined - carrying on 4 years and at a cost of about 600,000 dead.  The Union won, and the United States was saved from a constitutional crisis as a result.


Instruction: Why did a William the Conqueror, a Frenchman, become the King of England?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Why did a William the Conqueror, a Frenchman, become the King of England?

### Input:
In the 1050s and early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, whom Edward named as king on his deathbed in January 1066. Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066. He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day, 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075, allowing him to spend the greater part of his reign in continental Europe.

### Response:

Input: In the 1050s and early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once removed. There were other potential claimants, including the powerful English earl Harold Godwinson, whom Edward named as king on his deathbed in January 1066. Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066. He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. After further military efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day, 1066, in London. He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075, allowing him to spend the greater part of his reign in continental Europe.

Output: William the Conqueror was from Normandy, located in northwest France. The King of England in the late 1050s and early 1060s was Edward the Confessor. Edward was William's cousin. Since Edward was childless, there were multiple people who claimed that they were the rightful heir and should become king. These conflicting claims gave rise to armed conflict. William invaded England, where he won the Battle of Hastings, defeating earl Harold Godwinson. A number of battles followed, but William became King of England late in 1066. He dealt with multiple rebellions over the next decade, but retained his power. Ultimately he was able to return to Normandy and rule England from there.


Instruction: Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Which are the main reasons for doing a PhD?

### Response:

Output: A PhD degree is an essential qualification and prerequisite towards the Academia carrier; in order to be able to teach University students and also progress the research interests and activities. From the first semesters of the PhD studies, candidates will be encouraged to practice their teaching skills, by giving seminars or lectures to undergraduate students.


Instruction: What is the population of Breezy Point city in Minnesota?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is the population of Breezy Point city in Minnesota?

### Input:
Breezy Point is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,346 at the 2010 census.

### Response:

Input: Breezy Point is a city in Crow Wing County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Brainerd Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,346 at the 2010 census.

Output: Breezy Point's population was 2,346 at the 2010 census.


Instruction: How do you play Baseball?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
How do you play Baseball?

### Response:

Output: Baseball is a game between two teams involving a baseball, which is a ball that is about 2 inches in diameter, and a bat used to hit the ball. Two teams alternate turns pitching and hitting the ball. The hitting team attempts to score as many runs by advancing through the four bases, prior to their team getting three outs during their turn hitting. The pitching team's objective is to prevent the hitting team from scoring runs. Games traditionally last 9 innings, with each team having the opportunity to both hit and pitch 9 times. The team with the most runs after 9 innings wins the game.


Instruction: What is Docker?

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
What is Docker?

### Response:

Output: Docker takes away repetitive, mundane configuration tasks and is used throughout the development lifecycle for fast, easy and portable application development – desktop and cloud. Docker’s comprehensive end to end platform includes UIs, CLIs, APIs and security that are engineered to work together across the entire application delivery lifecycle.


Instruction: Write a paragraph on why visit and stay at Marysville in Victoria Australia.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Write a paragraph on why visit and stay at Marysville in Victoria Australia.

### Response:

Output: Maryville is located 120km from Melbourne. Nestled just past the Victorian Yarra Valley, Marysville offers a range of activities for the outdoor enthusiast.  Mountain Biking, Bush Walking and during winter Marysville's Lake Mountain is the closest snow resort to the Melbourne CBD. Marysville has some fantastic accommodation options from Caravan Parks all the way to high-end houses for multiple families to enjoy time together. A magnificent location to get away and feel connected with nature. Marysville also has some amazing places to enjoy a meal.  From the Duck Inn Pub to the various other eatery options Marysville caters for all tastes and budgets.


Instruction: Brainstorm sea shanty lyrics

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Brainstorm sea shanty lyrics

### Response:

Output: There once was a ship that went to sea, and they named her the O'Malley.  It bobbed in the waves and tipped you see!  The sea was rough and the weather went sour.  Then the crew heaved every hour! Oh no, down she goes!  Oh no, down she goes;  Down O'Malley into the sea!


Instruction: Give me some tips to impress my aspiring Father-in-law.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
Give me some tips to impress my aspiring Father-in-law.

### Response:

Output:
1. Try to be authentic self. It will cause you less stress in long run and also provide a chance to the other person to get to know you better.
2. Be respectful. It is always good to understand other person's perspective specially when they are coming from a different generation.
3. Light the conversation over the lighter topics or if required keep yourself up to date with the recent events happening in the world. Bonus points if you also know about the topics of interest for the other party.
4. Relax and try to enjoy the time together. At the end of the day, both of you would like to know each other better. There can always be some judgement in the equation but with openness and mindful transparency, things should evolve constructively.


Instruction: List some of the characters on The X-Files who were infected by, but did not die from, exposure to the alien black oil virus.

Prompt:
Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.

### Instruction:
List some of the characters on The X-Files who were infected by, but did not die from, exposure to the alien black oil virus.

### Response:

Output: Alex Krycek, Dana Scully, Fox Mulder, Marita Covarrubias, Dmitri, Bernard Gauthier, Joan Gauthier