### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
push_error(vformat(R"(%s in operator %s.)", p_binary_op->reduced_value, Variant::get_operator_name(p_binary_op->variant_op)), p_binary_op);
				} else {
					push_error(vformat(R"(Invalid operands to operator %s, %s and %s.)",
									   Variant::get_operator_name(p_binary_op->variant_op),
									   Variant::get_type_name(p_binary_op->left_operand->reduced_value.get_type()),
									   Variant::get_type_name(p_binary_op->right_operand->reduced_value.get_type())),
							p_binary_op);
				}
			}
		} else {
			ERR_PRINT("Parser bug: unknown binary operation.");
		}
		p_binary_op->set_datatype(type_from_variant(p_binary_op->reduced_value, p_binary_op));
		return;
	}
	GDScriptParser::DataType result;
	if ((p_binary_op->variant_op == Variant::OP_EQUAL || p_binary_op->variant_op == Variant::OP_NOT_EQUAL) &&
			((left_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && left_type.builtin_type == Variant::NIL) || (right_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && right_type.builtin_type == Variant::NIL))) {
		
		result.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::ANNOTATED_EXPLICIT;
		result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN;
		result.builtin_type = Variant::BOOL;
	} else if (left_type.is_variant() || right_type.is_variant()) {
		
		result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::VARIANT;
		mark_node_unsafe(p_binary_op);
	} else if (p_binary_op->variant_op < Variant::OP_MAX) {
		bool valid = false;
		result = get_operation_type(p_binary_op->variant_op, left_type, right_type, valid, p_binary_op);
		if (!valid) {