### Godot version

4.1.1 stable

### System information

Windows 10

### Issue description

this is the default size loaded on startup 1024 which seems fine but it actually have loaded the default [2048] and ignored the size in project settings
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/c8c71de7-468a-487f-8e6c-dba1ce0f8fa5)

changing it now to any size will break it 
[2048]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/3082ff09-b7d7-41f7-8fbb-813074a54135)

[512]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/5ea4620f-52b5-4d0e-a5f5-747e777cd59d)


### Steps to reproduce

change 2d shadow atlas size in project settings while using compatibility renderer. 

### Minimal reproduction project

_
state.time = p_time;
}
RasterizerCanvasGLES3 *RasterizerCanvasGLES3::singleton = nullptr;
RasterizerCanvasGLES3 *RasterizerCanvasGLES3::get_singleton() {
	return singleton;
}
RasterizerCanvasGLES3::RasterizerCanvasGLES3() {
	singleton = this;
	GLES3::TextureStorage *texture_storage = GLES3::TextureStorage::get_singleton();
	GLES3::MaterialStorage *material_storage = GLES3::MaterialStorage::get_singleton();
	GLES3::Config *config = GLES3::Config::get_singleton();
	polygon_buffers.last_id = 1;
	
	{
		glGenBuffers(1, &data.canvas_quad_vertices);
		glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, data.canvas_quad_vertices);
		const float qv[8] = {
			0, 0,
			0, 1,
			1, 1,
			1, 0
		};
		glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(float) * 8, qv, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
		glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
		glGenVertexArrays(1, &data.canvas_quad_array);
		glBindVertexArray(data.canvas_quad_array);
		glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, data.canvas_quad_vertices);