### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Win 10

### Issue description

When Autoload scripts have compile errors, the error is not printed to Output. Instead, they fail when Running with an error completely unrelated to what's wrong:

```
USER ERROR: Script does not inherit from Node: res://thetrouble.gd.
   at: start (main/main.cpp:2776)
```

There's no other information. I assume this message is because their failure to compile means they don't get associated as a Node child (related to #75388?)? But I don't understand why they don't have any errors reported. I think it only occurs if they were added to Autoload before they got compiled/used?

I am using an external editor (gvim) and godot's LSP support. That correctly shows the error, but only when I'm editing the broken file which makes it unclear what's wrong. (When I first encountered this problem, I looked at the files, saw they were extending Node2D and didn't understand the problem. It's possible the lsp was failing to show any errors, but it shows errors now.)

### Steps to reproduce

1. New project, add scene
2. Add script "thetrouble.gd"
3. Add thetrouble.gd as an Autoload
4. Add invalid code to thetrouble.gd (two variables named `seq`) 
  * **Expected**: compile error reported
  * **Actual**: No output
5. Run project
  * **Expected**: compile error reported
  * **Actual**: Script does not inherit from Node: res://thetrouble.gd.
6. Add valid code to thetrouble.gd (assign a value to `seq`) 
  * **Expected**: compile error reported
  * **Actual**: No output

Note: If you mix up steps 2 and 3, the issue will not occur.

Workaround: Edit Autoloads and disable and re-enable thetrouble's autoload state and error messages appear. New errors even appear after this point.

### Minimal reproduction project

[repro.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11747339/repro.zip)

if (base_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::CLASS) {
				Ref<GDScript> bf = GDScriptCache::get_full_script(base_type.script_path, err, path);
				if (err == OK) {
					bf = Ref<GDScript>(bf->find_class(base_type.class_type->fqcn));
					if (bf.is_valid()) {
						base_cache = bf;
						bf->inheriters_cache.insert(get_instance_id());
					}
				}
			}
			members_cache.clear();
			member_default_values_cache.clear();
			_signals.clear();
			members_cache.push_back(get_class_category());
			for (int i = 0; i < c->members.size(); i++) {
				const GDScriptParser::ClassNode::Member &member = c->members[i];
				switch (member.type) {
					case GDScriptParser::ClassNode::Member::VARIABLE: {
						if (!member.variable->exported) {
							continue;
						}
						members_cache.push_back(member.variable->export_info);
						Variant default_value = analyzer.make_variable_default_value(member.variable);
						member_default_values_cache[member.variable->identifier->name] = default_value;
					} break;
					case GDScriptParser::ClassNode::Member::SIGNAL: {
						
						Vector<StringName> parameters_names;
						parameters_names.resize(member.signal->parameters.size());
						for (int j = 0; j < member.signal->parameters.size(); j++) {