### Godot version

4.0.dev (f581f21dd61a8fb581b80d07755cdf60c95d146d)

### System information

Windows 10 - Ryzen 7 - 4070ti

### Issue description

When using the threaded resource loader, textures on materials are lost.

This is the scene being loaded in the IDE:
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/1945449/232dd16b-81c4-49cf-a980-3efcfa97ff79)

This is the result in runtime:
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/1945449/235176d3-6058-4bed-8fbe-cad14a5e0d32)


### Steps to reproduce

Use code such as the following to load a scene:
```
func _load_scene(p_scene_path):
	var new_scene : PackedScene
	if ResourceLoader.has_cached(p_scene_path):
		# Load cached scene
		new_scene = ResourceLoader.load(p_scene_path)
	else:
		# Start the loading in a thread
		ResourceLoader.load_threaded_request(p_scene_path)

		# Loop waiting for the scene to load
		while true:
			var progress := []
			var res := ResourceLoader.load_threaded_get_status(p_scene_path, progress)
			if res != ResourceLoader.THREAD_LOAD_IN_PROGRESS:
				break;

			_progress_bar = progress[0]
			await get_tree().create_timer(0.1).timeout

		# Get the loaded scene
		new_scene = ResourceLoader.load_threaded_get(p_scene_path)
	
	$CanvasLayer.visible = false
	add_child(new_scene.instantiate())
```

Now create a scene to load that has a material with a texture.

### Minimal reproduction project

[TestResourceLoader.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11549692/TestResourceLoader.zip)

code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = VIEW_MATRIX * mat4(INV_VIEW_MATRIX[0], INV_VIEW_MATRIX[1], INV_VIEW_MATRIX[2], MODEL_MATRIX[3]);\n";
			if (flags[FLAG_BILLBOARD_KEEP_SCALE]) {
				code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = MODELVIEW_MATRIX * mat4(vec4(length(MODEL_MATRIX[0].xyz), 0.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[1].xyz), 0.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[2].xyz), 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));\n";
			}
			code += "	MODELVIEW_NORMAL_MATRIX = mat3(MODELVIEW_MATRIX);\n";
		} break;
		case BILLBOARD_FIXED_Y: {
			code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = VIEW_MATRIX * mat4(vec4(normalize(cross(vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), INV_VIEW_MATRIX[2].xyz)), 0.0), vec4(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec4(normalize(cross(INV_VIEW_MATRIX[0].xyz, vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0))), 0.0), MODEL_MATRIX[3]);\n";
			if (flags[FLAG_BILLBOARD_KEEP_SCALE]) {
				code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = MODELVIEW_MATRIX * mat4(vec4(length(MODEL_MATRIX[0].xyz), 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),vec4(0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[1].xyz), 0.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[2].xyz), 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));\n";
			}
			code += "	MODELVIEW_NORMAL_MATRIX = mat3(MODELVIEW_MATRIX);\n";
		} break;
		case BILLBOARD_PARTICLES: {
			
			code += "	mat4 mat_world = mat4(normalize(INV_VIEW_MATRIX[0]), normalize(INV_VIEW_MATRIX[1]) ,normalize(INV_VIEW_MATRIX[2]), MODEL_MATRIX[3]);\n";
			
			code += "	mat_world = mat_world * mat4(vec4(cos(INSTANCE_CUSTOM.x), -sin(INSTANCE_CUSTOM.x), 0.0, 0.0), vec4(sin(INSTANCE_CUSTOM.x), cos(INSTANCE_CUSTOM.x), 0.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));\n";
			
			code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = VIEW_MATRIX * mat_world;\n";
			if (flags[FLAG_BILLBOARD_KEEP_SCALE]) {
				code += "	MODELVIEW_MATRIX = MODELVIEW_MATRIX * mat4(vec4(length(MODEL_MATRIX[0].xyz), 0.0, 0.0, 0.0),vec4(0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[1].xyz), 0.0, 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, length(MODEL_MATRIX[2].xyz), 0.0), vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0));\n";
			}
			
			code += "	MODELVIEW_NORMAL_MATRIX = mat3(MODELVIEW_MATRIX);\n";
			
			code += "	float h_frames = float(particles_anim_h_frames);\n";
			code += "	float v_frames = float(particles_anim_v_frames);\n";
			code += "	float particle_total_frames = float(particles_anim_h_frames * particles_anim_v_frames);\n";
			code += "	float particle_frame = floor(INSTANCE_CUSTOM.z * float(particle_total_frames));\n";