### Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

### System information

Windows 10, Forward +

### Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))
```

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
#include "tests/core/string/test_translation.h"
#include "tests/core/string/test_translation_server.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_command_queue.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_hash_map.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_hash_set.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_list.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_local_vector.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_lru.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_paged_array.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_rid.h"
#include "tests/core/templates/test_vector.h"
#include "tests/core/test_crypto.h"
#include "tests/core/test_hashing_context.h"
#include "tests/core/test_time.h"
#include "tests/core/threads/test_worker_thread_pool.h"
#include "tests/core/variant/test_array.h"
#include "tests/core/variant/test_dictionary.h"
#include "tests/core/variant/test_variant.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_animation.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_arraymesh.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_audio_stream_wav.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_bit_map.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_code_edit.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_color_picker.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_curve.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_curve_2d.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_curve_3d.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_gradient.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_navigation_agent_2d.h"
#include "tests/scene/test_navigation_agent_3d.h"