### Godot version

4.1.1 stable

### System information

Windows 10

### Issue description

this is the default size loaded on startup 1024 which seems fine but it actually have loaded the default [2048] and ignored the size in project settings
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/c8c71de7-468a-487f-8e6c-dba1ce0f8fa5)

changing it now to any size will break it 
[2048]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/3082ff09-b7d7-41f7-8fbb-813074a54135)

[512]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/5ea4620f-52b5-4d0e-a5f5-747e777cd59d)


### Steps to reproduce

change 2d shadow atlas size in project settings while using compatibility renderer. 

### Minimal reproduction project

_
instance_uses_custom_data = mesh_storage->multimesh_uses_custom_data(multimesh);
				use_instancing = true;
			} else if (state.canvas_instance_batches[p_index].command_type == Item::Command::TYPE_PARTICLES) {
				const Item::CommandParticles *pt = static_cast<const Item::CommandParticles *>(state.canvas_instance_batches[p_index].command);
				RID particles = pt->particles;
				mesh = particles_storage->particles_get_draw_pass_mesh(particles, 0);
				ERR_BREAK(particles_storage->particles_get_mode(particles) != RS::PARTICLES_MODE_2D);
				particles_storage->particles_request_process(particles);
				if (particles_storage->particles_is_inactive(particles)) {
					break;
				}
				RenderingServerDefault::redraw_request(); 
				int dpc = particles_storage->particles_get_draw_passes(particles);
				if (dpc == 0) {
					break; 
				}
				instance_count = particles_storage->particles_get_amount(particles);
				instance_buffer = particles_storage->particles_get_gl_buffer(particles);
				instance_stride = 12; 
				instance_color_offset = 8; 
				instance_uses_color = true;
				instance_uses_custom_data = true;
				use_instancing = true;
			}
			ERR_FAIL_COND(mesh.is_null());
			uint32_t surf_count = mesh_storage->mesh_get_surface_count(mesh);
			for (uint32_t j = 0; j < surf_count; j++) {
				void *surface = mesh_storage->mesh_get_surface(mesh, j);
				RS::PrimitiveType primitive = mesh_storage->mesh_surface_get_primitive(surface);
				ERR_CONTINUE(primitive < 0 || primitive >= RS::PRIMITIVE_MAX);