### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
GDScriptParser::DataType parent_return_type;
		List<GDScriptParser::DataType> parameters_types;
		int default_par_count = 0;
		BitField<MethodFlags> method_flags;
		StringName native_base;
		if (!p_is_lambda && get_function_signature(p_function, false, base_type, function_name, parent_return_type, parameters_types, default_par_count, method_flags, &native_base)) {
			bool valid = p_function->is_static == method_flags.has_flag(METHOD_FLAG_STATIC);
			valid = valid && parent_return_type == p_function->get_datatype();
			int par_count_diff = p_function->parameters.size() - parameters_types.size();
			valid = valid && par_count_diff >= 0;
			valid = valid && default_value_count >= default_par_count + par_count_diff;
			int i = 0;
			for (const GDScriptParser::DataType &par_type : parameters_types) {
				valid = valid && par_type == p_function->parameters[i++]->get_datatype();
			}
			if (!valid) {
				
				String parent_signature = String(function_name) + "(";
				int j = 0;
				for (const GDScriptParser::DataType &par_type : parameters_types) {
					if (j > 0) {
						parent_signature += ", ";
					}
					String parameter = par_type.to_string();
					if (parameter == "null") {
						parameter = "Variant";
					}
					parent_signature += parameter;
					if (j >= parameters_types.size() - default_par_count) {
						parent_signature += " = <default>";