### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
break;
		}
		GDScriptParser::DataType par_type = p_par_types[i];
		if (par_type.is_hard_type() && p_call->arguments[i]->is_constant) {
			update_const_expression_builtin_type(p_call->arguments[i], par_type, "pass");
		}
		GDScriptParser::DataType arg_type = p_call->arguments[i]->get_datatype();
		if (arg_type.is_variant() || !arg_type.is_hard_type()) {
			
			if (!(par_type.is_hard_type() && par_type.is_variant())) {
				mark_node_unsafe(p_call->arguments[i]);
			}
		} else if (par_type.is_hard_type() && !is_type_compatible(par_type, arg_type, true)) {
			
			mark_node_unsafe(p_call);
			if (!is_type_compatible(arg_type, par_type)) {
				push_error(vformat(R"*(Invalid argument for "%s()" function: argument %d should be "%s" but is "%s".)*",
								   p_call->function_name, i + 1, par_type.to_string(), arg_type.to_string()),
						p_call->arguments[i]);
			}
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
		} else if (par_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && par_type.builtin_type == Variant::INT && arg_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && arg_type.builtin_type == Variant::FLOAT) {
			parser->push_warning(p_call, GDScriptWarning::NARROWING_CONVERSION, p_call->function_name);
#endif
		}
	}
}
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
void GDScriptAnalyzer::is_shadowing(GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode *p_identifier, const String &p_context, const bool p_in_local_scope) {