### Godot version

4.1.1 stable

### System information

Windows 10

### Issue description

this is the default size loaded on startup 1024 which seems fine but it actually have loaded the default [2048] and ignored the size in project settings
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/c8c71de7-468a-487f-8e6c-dba1ce0f8fa5)

changing it now to any size will break it 
[2048]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/3082ff09-b7d7-41f7-8fbb-813074a54135)

[512]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/5ea4620f-52b5-4d0e-a5f5-747e777cd59d)


### Steps to reproduce

change 2d shadow atlas size in project settings while using compatibility renderer. 

### Minimal reproduction project

_
GLES3::Texture *normal_map = texture_storage->get_texture(ct->normal_map);
	if (!normal_map) {
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + config->max_texture_image_units - 6);
		GLES3::Texture *tex = texture_storage->get_texture(texture_storage->texture_gl_get_default(GLES3::DEFAULT_GL_TEXTURE_NORMAL));
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex->tex_id);
	} else {
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + config->max_texture_image_units - 6);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, normal_map->tex_id);
		normal_map->gl_set_filter(filter);
		normal_map->gl_set_repeat(repeat);
		if (normal_map->render_target) {
			normal_map->render_target->used_in_frame = true;
		}
	}
	GLES3::Texture *specular_map = texture_storage->get_texture(ct->specular);
	if (!specular_map) {
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + config->max_texture_image_units - 7);
		GLES3::Texture *tex = texture_storage->get_texture(texture_storage->texture_gl_get_default(GLES3::DEFAULT_GL_TEXTURE_WHITE));
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex->tex_id);
	} else {
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0 + config->max_texture_image_units - 7);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, specular_map->tex_id);
		specular_map->gl_set_filter(filter);
		specular_map->gl_set_repeat(repeat);
		if (specular_map->render_target) {
			specular_map->render_target->used_in_frame = true;
		}
	}
}
void RasterizerCanvasGLES3::_prepare_canvas_texture(RID p_texture, RS::CanvasItemTextureFilter p_base_filter, RS::CanvasItemTextureRepeat p_base_repeat, uint32_t &r_index, Size2 &r_texpixel_size) {