### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
found_function = base_class->get_member(function_name).function;
		}
		resolve_class_inheritance(base_class, p_source);
		base_class = base_class->base_type.class_type;
	}
	if (found_function != nullptr) {
		if (p_is_constructor || found_function->is_static) {
			r_method_flags.set_flag(METHOD_FLAG_STATIC);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < found_function->parameters.size(); i++) {
			r_par_types.push_back(found_function->parameters[i]->get_datatype());
			if (found_function->parameters[i]->initializer != nullptr) {
				r_default_arg_count++;
			}
		}
		r_return_type = p_is_constructor ? p_base_type : found_function->get_datatype();
		r_return_type.is_meta_type = false;
		r_return_type.is_coroutine = found_function->is_coroutine;
		return true;
	}
	Ref<Script> base_script = p_base_type.script_type;
	while (base_script.is_valid() && base_script->has_method(function_name)) {
		MethodInfo info = base_script->get_method_info(function_name);
		if (!(info == MethodInfo())) {
			return function_signature_from_info(info, r_return_type, r_par_types, r_default_arg_count, r_method_flags);
		}
		base_script = base_script->get_base_script();
	}
	
	if (p_base_type.is_meta_type && !p_is_constructor && (p_base_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::SCRIPT || p_base_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::CLASS)) {