### Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

### System information

Windows 10, Forward +

### Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))
```

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
if (c) {
			if (c->data.RI) {
				break;
			}
		}
		base = base->get_parent();
	}
	if (!base) {
		return nullptr;
	}
	_window_find_focus_neighbor(vdir, base, points, maxd, dist, &result);
	return result;
}
void Control::_window_find_focus_neighbor(const Vector2 &p_dir, Node *p_at, const Point2 *p_points, real_t p_min, real_t &r_closest_dist, Control **r_closest) {
	if (Object::cast_to<Viewport>(p_at)) {
		return; 
	}
	Control *c = Object::cast_to<Control>(p_at);
	if (c && c != this && c->get_focus_mode() == FOCUS_ALL && c->is_visible_in_tree()) {
		Point2 points[4];
		Transform2D xform = c->get_global_transform();
		points[0] = xform.xform(Point2());
		points[1] = xform.xform(Point2(c->get_size().x, 0));
		points[2] = xform.xform(c->get_size());
		points[3] = xform.xform(Point2(0, c->get_size().y));
		real_t min = 1e7;
		for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			real_t d = p_dir.dot(points[i]);
			if (d < min) {
				min = d;