### Godot version

4.1.dev3.official [a67d37f]

### System information

Windows 11 [Vulkan]

### Issue description

The work performed in #77154 drastically changed the visual characteristics of particle turbulence.  I am no longer able to get the same "turbulent" behaviour that existed before these changes - no matter which turbulence settings I change.  Please let me know if there's something I'm missing about the new implementation that would give this result.

![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/8756569/05a338a3-140b-4353-ae11-62ec9714b3d1)


### Steps to reproduce

To reproduce this is fairly simple:

1. Create a GPUParticles2D Node
2. Emit a significant number of particles (I'm emitting 50,000)
3. Set Initial Velocity [Max] to around 250, and Direction Spread to 180.  Enable turbulence
4. Set the turbulence_influence_min property to 0.1 (default) and turbulence_influence_max to 1
5. Observe how the turbulence appears in v4.1.dev3.official with the changes in #77154 versus the previous build without these changes.  The new implementation just results in some minor particle "jitter", but not the actual turbulence that it's supposed to have.


### Minimal reproduction project

No sample project provided, as the reproduction is quite simple to replicate.
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "collision_mode", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "Disabled,Rigid,Hide On Contact"), "set_collision_mode", "get_collision_mode");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "collision_friction", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,1,0.01"), "set_collision_friction", "get_collision_friction");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "collision_bounce", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,1,0.01"), "set_collision_bounce", "get_collision_bounce");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "collision_use_scale"), "set_collision_use_scale", "is_collision_using_scale");
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_INITIAL_LINEAR_VELOCITY);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_ANGULAR_VELOCITY);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_LINEAR_ACCEL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_DAMPING);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_ANGLE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_SCALE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_HUE_VARIATION);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_ANIM_SPEED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_ANIM_OFFSET);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARTICLE_FLAG_ALIGN_Y_TO_VELOCITY);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARTICLE_FLAG_ROTATE_Y);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARTICLE_FLAG_DISABLE_Z);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARTICLE_FLAG_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_POINT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_SPHERE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_SPHERE_SURFACE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_BOX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_POINTS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_DIRECTED_POINTS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_RING);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(EMISSION_SHAPE_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(PARAM_TURB_VEL_INFLUENCE);