### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
}
			}
		}
		for (int index = extends_index; index < p_class->extends.size(); index++) {
			GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode *id = p_class->extends[index];
			if (base.kind != GDScriptParser::DataType::CLASS) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Cannot get nested types for extension from non-GDScript type "%s".)", base.to_string()), id);
				return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
			}
			reduce_identifier_from_base(id, &base);
			GDScriptParser::DataType id_type = id->get_datatype();
			if (!id_type.is_set()) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Could not find nested type "%s".)", id->name), id);
				return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
			} else if (id_type.kind != GDScriptParser::DataType::SCRIPT && id_type.kind != GDScriptParser::DataType::CLASS) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Identifier "%s" is not a preloaded script or class.)", id->name), id);
				return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
			}
			base = id_type;
		}
		result = base;
	}
	if (!result.is_set() || result.has_no_type()) {
		
		push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve inheritance for class "%s".)", p_class->identifier == nullptr ? "<main>" : p_class->identifier->name), p_class);
		return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
	}
	
	const GDScriptParser::ClassNode *base_class = result.class_type;
	while (base_class) {