### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

#ifndef _3D_DISABLED
				PhysicsServer3D::get_singleton()->space_set_debug_contacts(find_world_3d()->get_space(), get_tree()->get_collision_debug_contact_count());
				contact_3d_debug_multimesh = RenderingServer::get_singleton()->multimesh_create();
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->multimesh_allocate_data(contact_3d_debug_multimesh, get_tree()->get_collision_debug_contact_count(), RS::MULTIMESH_TRANSFORM_3D, false);
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->multimesh_set_visible_instances(contact_3d_debug_multimesh, 0);
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->multimesh_set_mesh(contact_3d_debug_multimesh, get_tree()->get_debug_contact_mesh()->get_rid());
				contact_3d_debug_instance = RenderingServer::get_singleton()->instance_create();
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->instance_set_base(contact_3d_debug_instance, contact_3d_debug_multimesh);
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->instance_set_scenario(contact_3d_debug_instance, find_world_3d()->get_scenario());
				RenderingServer::get_singleton()->instance_geometry_set_flag(contact_3d_debug_instance, RS::INSTANCE_FLAG_DRAW_NEXT_FRAME_IF_VISIBLE, true);
#endif 
				set_physics_process_internal(true);
			}
		} break;
		case NOTIFICATION_READY: {
#ifndef _3D_DISABLED
			if (audio_listener_3d_set.size() && !audio_listener_3d) {
				AudioListener3D *first = nullptr;
				for (AudioListener3D *E : audio_listener_3d_set) {
					if (first == nullptr || first->is_greater_than(E)) {
						first = E;
					}
				}
				if (first) {
					first->make_current();
				}
			}
			if (camera_3d_set.size() && !camera_3d) {
				
				Camera3D *first = nullptr;