### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
VkResult err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(frames[frame].setup_command_buffer, &cmdbuf_begin);
		ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(err, "vkBeginCommandBuffer failed with error " + itos(err) + ".");
		err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(frames[frame].draw_command_buffer, &cmdbuf_begin);
		ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(err, "vkBeginCommandBuffer failed with error " + itos(err) + ".");
	} else {
		context->flush(p_current_frame, p_current_frame);
		
		if (p_current_frame) {
			VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdbuf_begin;
			cmdbuf_begin.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
			cmdbuf_begin.pNext = nullptr;
			cmdbuf_begin.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
			cmdbuf_begin.pInheritanceInfo = nullptr;
			VkResult err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(frames[frame].setup_command_buffer, &cmdbuf_begin);
			ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(err, "vkBeginCommandBuffer failed with error " + itos(err) + ".");
			context->set_setup_buffer(frames[frame].setup_command_buffer); 
		}
		if (p_current_frame) {
			VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cmdbuf_begin;
			cmdbuf_begin.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
			cmdbuf_begin.pNext = nullptr;
			cmdbuf_begin.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_ONE_TIME_SUBMIT_BIT;
			cmdbuf_begin.pInheritanceInfo = nullptr;
			VkResult err = vkBeginCommandBuffer(frames[frame].draw_command_buffer, &cmdbuf_begin);
			ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(err, "vkBeginCommandBuffer failed with error " + itos(err) + ".");
			context->append_command_buffer(frames[frame].draw_command_buffer);
		}
	}
}
void RenderingDeviceVulkan::initialize(VulkanContext *p_context, bool p_local_device) {