### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
return; 
			}
			
			
			if (p_identifier->source == GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode::UNDEFINED_SOURCE || p_identifier->source == GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode::MEMBER_CONSTANT) {
				return;
			}
			GDScriptParser::FunctionNode *function_test = lambda_stack.back()->get()->function;
			
			
			while (function_test != nullptr && function_test != p_identifier->source_function && function_test->source_lambda != nullptr && !function_test->source_lambda->captures_indices.has(p_identifier->name)) {
				function_test->source_lambda->captures_indices[p_identifier->name] = function_test->source_lambda->captures.size();
				function_test->source_lambda->captures.push_back(p_identifier);
				function_test = function_test->source_lambda->parent_function;
			}
		}
		return;
	}
	StringName name = p_identifier->name;
	p_identifier->source = GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode::UNDEFINED_SOURCE;
	
	
	Variant::Type builtin_type = GDScriptParser::get_builtin_type(name);
	if (builtin_type != Variant::OBJECT && builtin_type < Variant::VARIANT_MAX) {
		if (can_be_builtin) {
			p_identifier->set_datatype(make_builtin_meta_type(builtin_type));
			return;
		} else {
			push_error(R"(Builtin type cannot be used as a name on its own.)", p_identifier);
		}