### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
update_const_expression_builtin_type(p_return->return_value, expected_type, "return");
			}
			result = p_return->return_value->get_datatype();
		}
	} else {
		
		result.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::ANNOTATED_EXPLICIT;
		result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN;
		result.builtin_type = Variant::NIL;
		result.is_constant = true;
	}
	if (has_expected_type && !expected_type.is_variant()) {
		if (result.is_variant() || !result.is_hard_type()) {
			mark_node_unsafe(p_return);
			if (!is_type_compatible(expected_type, result, true, p_return)) {
				downgrade_node_type_source(p_return);
			}
		} else if (!is_type_compatible(expected_type, result, true, p_return)) {
			mark_node_unsafe(p_return);
			if (!is_type_compatible(result, expected_type)) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Cannot return value of type "%s" because the function return type is "%s".)", result.to_string(), expected_type.to_string()), p_return);
			}
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
		} else if (expected_type.builtin_type == Variant::INT && result.builtin_type == Variant::FLOAT) {
			parser->push_warning(p_return, GDScriptWarning::NARROWING_CONVERSION);
#endif
		}
	}
	p_return->set_datatype(result);
}