### Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

### System information

Windows 10, Forward +

### Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))
```

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
if (is_inside_tree()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, this, true, false);
	}
}
void Control::_notify_theme_override_changed() {
	if (!data.bulk_theme_override && is_inside_tree()) {
		notification(NOTIFICATION_THEME_CHANGED);
	}
}
void Control::_invalidate_theme_cache() {
	data.theme_icon_cache.clear();
	data.theme_style_cache.clear();
	data.theme_font_cache.clear();
	data.theme_font_size_cache.clear();
	data.theme_color_cache.clear();
	data.theme_constant_cache.clear();
}
void Control::_update_theme_item_cache() {
}
void Control::set_theme_owner_node(Node *p_node) {
	ERR_MAIN_THREAD_GUARD;
	data.theme_owner->set_owner_node(p_node);
}
Node *Control::get_theme_owner_node() const {
	ERR_READ_THREAD_GUARD_V(nullptr);
	return data.theme_owner->get_owner_node();
}
bool Control::has_theme_owner_node() const {