### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
}
		}
		if (has_specified_type && p_assignable->initializer->is_constant) {
			update_const_expression_builtin_type(p_assignable->initializer, specified_type, "assign");
		}
		GDScriptParser::DataType initializer_type = p_assignable->initializer->get_datatype();
		if (p_assignable->infer_datatype) {
			if (!initializer_type.is_set() || initializer_type.has_no_type() || !initializer_type.is_hard_type()) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Cannot infer the type of "%s" %s because the value doesn't have a set type.)", p_assignable->identifier->name, p_kind), p_assignable->initializer);
			} else if (initializer_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && initializer_type.builtin_type == Variant::NIL && !is_constant) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Cannot infer the type of "%s" %s because the value is "null".)", p_assignable->identifier->name, p_kind), p_assignable->initializer);
			}
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
			if (initializer_type.is_hard_type() && initializer_type.is_variant()) {
				parser->push_warning(p_assignable, GDScriptWarning::INFERENCE_ON_VARIANT, p_kind);
			}
#endif
		} else {
			if (!initializer_type.is_set()) {
				push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve type for %s "%s".)", p_kind, p_assignable->identifier->name), p_assignable->initializer);
			}
		}
		if (!has_specified_type) {
			type = initializer_type;
			if (!type.is_set() || (type.is_hard_type() && type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN && type.builtin_type == Variant::NIL && !is_constant)) {
				type.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::VARIANT;
			}
			if (p_assignable->infer_datatype || is_constant) {
				type.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::ANNOTATED_INFERRED;
			} else {