### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
bool _camera_3d_add(Camera3D *p_camera); 
	void _camera_3d_remove(Camera3D *p_camera);
	void _camera_3d_make_next_current(Camera3D *p_exclude);
	void enable_camera_3d_override(bool p_enable);
	bool is_camera_3d_override_enabled() const;
	void set_camera_3d_override_transform(const Transform3D &p_transform);
	Transform3D get_camera_3d_override_transform() const;
	void set_camera_3d_override_perspective(real_t p_fovy_degrees, real_t p_z_near, real_t p_z_far);
	void set_camera_3d_override_orthogonal(real_t p_size, real_t p_z_near, real_t p_z_far);
	void set_disable_3d(bool p_disable);
	bool is_3d_disabled() const;
	Ref<World3D> world_3d;
	Ref<World3D> own_world_3d;
	void set_world_3d(const Ref<World3D> &p_world_3d);
	Ref<World3D> get_world_3d() const;
	Ref<World3D> find_world_3d() const;
	void _own_world_3d_changed();
	void set_use_own_world_3d(bool p_use_own_world_3d);
	bool is_using_own_world_3d() const;
	void _propagate_enter_world_3d(Node *p_node);
	void _propagate_exit_world_3d(Node *p_node);
	void set_use_xr(bool p_use_xr);
	bool is_using_xr();
#endif 
	void _propagate_world_2d_changed(Node *p_node);
	void _validate_property(PropertyInfo &p_property) const;
	Viewport();
	~Viewport();
};
class SubViewport : public Viewport {