### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
p_base_type.is_meta_type = false;
		} else {
			push_error("Cannot call function on enum value.", p_source);
			return false;
		}
	}
	if (p_base_type.kind == GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN) {
		
		Callable::CallError err;
		Variant dummy;
		Variant::construct(p_base_type.builtin_type, dummy, nullptr, 0, err);
		if (err.error != Callable::CallError::CALL_OK) {
			ERR_FAIL_V_MSG(false, "Could not construct base Variant type.");
		}
		List<MethodInfo> methods;
		dummy.get_method_list(&methods);
		for (const MethodInfo &E : methods) {
			if (E.name == p_function) {
				function_signature_from_info(E, r_return_type, r_par_types, r_default_arg_count, r_method_flags);
				
				if (!r_method_flags.has_flag(METHOD_FLAG_STATIC) && was_enum && !(E.flags & METHOD_FLAG_CONST)) {
					push_error(vformat(R"*(Cannot call non-const Dictionary function "%s()" on enum "%s".)*", p_function, p_base_type.enum_type), p_source);
				}
				return true;
			}
		}
		return false;
	}
	StringName base_native = p_base_type.native_type;
	if (base_native != StringName()) {