### Godot version

4.1.dev3.official [a67d37f]

### System information

Windows 11 [Vulkan]

### Issue description

The work performed in #77154 drastically changed the visual characteristics of particle turbulence.  I am no longer able to get the same "turbulent" behaviour that existed before these changes - no matter which turbulence settings I change.  Please let me know if there's something I'm missing about the new implementation that would give this result.

![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/8756569/05a338a3-140b-4353-ae11-62ec9714b3d1)


### Steps to reproduce

To reproduce this is fairly simple:

1. Create a GPUParticles2D Node
2. Emit a significant number of particles (I'm emitting 50,000)
3. Set Initial Velocity [Max] to around 250, and Direction Spread to 180.  Enable turbulence
4. Set the turbulence_influence_min property to 0.1 (default) and turbulence_influence_max to 1
5. Observe how the turbulence appears in v4.1.dev3.official with the changes in #77154 versus the previous build without these changes.  The new implementation just results in some minor particle "jitter", but not the actual turbulence that it's supposed to have.


### Minimal reproduction project

No sample project provided, as the reproduction is quite simple to replicate.
ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "orbit_velocity_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY);
	ADD_GROUP("Linear Accel", "linear_");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "linear_accel_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_LINEAR_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "linear_accel_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_LINEAR_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "linear_accel_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_LINEAR_ACCEL);
	ADD_GROUP("Radial Accel", "radial_");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "radial_accel_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "radial_accel_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "radial_accel_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_GROUP("Tangential Accel", "tangential_");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "tangential_accel_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "tangential_accel_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-100,100,0.01,or_less,or_greater"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "tangential_accel_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL);
	ADD_GROUP("Damping", "");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "damping_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,100,0.01,or_greater"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_DAMPING);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "damping_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,100,0.01,or_greater"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_DAMPING);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "damping_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_DAMPING);
	ADD_GROUP("Angle", "");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "angle_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-720,720,0.1,or_less,or_greater,degrees"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_ANGLE);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "angle_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "-720,720,0.1,or_less,or_greater,degrees"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_ANGLE);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "angle_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_ANGLE);
	ADD_GROUP("Scale", "");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "scale_min", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,1000,0.01,or_greater"), "set_param_min", "get_param_min", PARAM_SCALE);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "scale_max", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,1000,0.01,or_greater"), "set_param_max", "get_param_max", PARAM_SCALE);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "scale_curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "CurveTexture,CurveXYZTexture"), "set_param_texture", "get_param_texture", PARAM_SCALE);
	ADD_GROUP("Color", "");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::COLOR, "color"), "set_color", "get_color");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "color_ramp", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "GradientTexture1D"), "set_color_ramp", "get_color_ramp");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "color_initial_ramp", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "GradientTexture1D"), "set_color_initial_ramp", "get_color_initial_ramp");
	ADD_GROUP("Hue Variation", "hue_");