### Godot version

4.1.1 stable

### System information

Windows 10

### Issue description

this is the default size loaded on startup 1024 which seems fine but it actually have loaded the default [2048] and ignored the size in project settings
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/c8c71de7-468a-487f-8e6c-dba1ce0f8fa5)

changing it now to any size will break it 
[2048]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/3082ff09-b7d7-41f7-8fbb-813074a54135)

[512]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/5ea4620f-52b5-4d0e-a5f5-747e777cd59d)


### Steps to reproduce

change 2d shadow atlas size in project settings while using compatibility renderer. 

### Minimal reproduction project

_
ct = t->canvas_texture;
		if (t->render_target) {
			t->render_target->used_in_frame = true;
		}
	} else {
		ct = texture_storage->get_canvas_texture(p_texture);
	}
	if (!ct) {
		
		_bind_canvas_texture(default_canvas_texture, p_base_filter, p_base_repeat);
		return;
	}
	RS::CanvasItemTextureFilter filter = ct->texture_filter != RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_DEFAULT ? ct->texture_filter : p_base_filter;
	ERR_FAIL_COND(filter == RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_DEFAULT);
	RS::CanvasItemTextureRepeat repeat = ct->texture_repeat != RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_DEFAULT ? ct->texture_repeat : p_base_repeat;
	ERR_FAIL_COND(repeat == RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_DEFAULT);
	GLES3::Texture *texture = texture_storage->get_texture(ct->diffuse);
	if (!texture) {
		GLES3::Texture *tex = texture_storage->get_texture(texture_storage->texture_gl_get_default(GLES3::DEFAULT_GL_TEXTURE_WHITE));
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, tex->tex_id);
	} else {
		glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
		glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture->tex_id);
		texture->gl_set_filter(filter);
		texture->gl_set_repeat(repeat);
		if (texture->render_target) {
			texture->render_target->used_in_frame = true;
		}
	}