### Godot version

4.2 247c354

### System information

Windows 10.0.19045 - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (NVIDIA; 30.0.15.1403) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7700HQ CPU @ 2.80GHz (8 Threads)

### Issue description

#75778 exposed `_validate_property()` to scripting. It's implemented in GDScript and C#, but not GDExtension (depends on #78634).
https://github.com/godotengine/godot/blob/247c3548d810136ffe9c1694cd76db3236efaa90/core/object/script_language_extension.h#L685-L687

Relevant discussion: https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/75778#discussion_r1307294940

### Steps to reproduce

1. Add GDExtension script
2. Use `_validate_property()`

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
* Calls a method on an Object.
 *
 * @param p_method_bind A pointer to the MethodBind representing the method on the Object's class.
 * @param p_instance A pointer to the Object.
 * @param p_args A pointer to a C array of Variants representing the arguments.
 * @param p_arg_count The number of arguments.
 * @param r_ret A pointer to Variant which will receive the return value.
 * @param r_error A pointer to a GDExtensionCallError struct that will receive error information.
 */
typedef void (*GDExtensionInterfaceObjectMethodBindCall)(GDExtensionMethodBindPtr p_method_bind, GDExtensionObjectPtr p_instance, const GDExtensionConstVariantPtr *p_args, GDExtensionInt p_arg_count, GDExtensionUninitializedVariantPtr r_ret, GDExtensionCallError *r_error);
/**
 * @name object_method_bind_ptrcall
 * @since 4.1
 *
 * Calls a method on an Object (using a "ptrcall").
 *
 * @param p_method_bind A pointer to the MethodBind representing the method on the Object's class.
 * @param p_instance A pointer to the Object.
 * @param p_args A pointer to a C array representing the arguments.
 * @param r_ret A pointer to the Object that will receive the return value.
 */
typedef void (*GDExtensionInterfaceObjectMethodBindPtrcall)(GDExtensionMethodBindPtr p_method_bind, GDExtensionObjectPtr p_instance, const GDExtensionConstTypePtr *p_args, GDExtensionTypePtr r_ret);
/**
 * @name object_destroy
 * @since 4.1
 *
 * Destroys an Object.
 *
 * @param p_o A pointer to the Object.
 */