### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
if (found != nullptr) {
						err = resolve_class_inheritance(found, p_source);
					}
				}
				if (err || found == nullptr) {
					push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve script "%s".)", script_path), p_source);
					GDScriptParser::DataType error_type;
					error_type.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::VARIANT;
					return error_type;
				}
				result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::CLASS;
				result.native_type = found->get_datatype().native_type;
				result.class_type = found;
				result.script_path = ref->get_parser()->script_path;
			} else {
				result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::SCRIPT;
				result.native_type = scr->get_instance_base_type();
				result.script_path = scr->get_path();
			}
			result.script_type = scr;
		} else {
			result.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::NATIVE;
			if (result.native_type == GDScriptNativeClass::get_class_static()) {
				result.is_meta_type = true;
			}
		}
	}
	return result;
}
GDScriptParser::DataType GDScriptAnalyzer::type_from_metatype(const GDScriptParser::DataType &p_meta_type) {