### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
return err;
			}
			base = ext_parser->get_parser()->head->get_datatype();
		} else {
			if (p_class->extends.is_empty()) {
				push_error("Could not resolve an empty super class path.", p_class);
				return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
			}
			GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode *id = p_class->extends[extends_index++];
			const StringName &name = id->name;
			base.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::ANNOTATED_EXPLICIT;
			if (ScriptServer::is_global_class(name)) {
				String base_path = ScriptServer::get_global_class_path(name);
				if (base_path == parser->script_path) {
					base = parser->head->get_datatype();
				} else {
					Ref<GDScriptParserRef> base_parser = get_parser_for(base_path);
					if (base_parser.is_null()) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve super class "%s".)", name), id);
						return ERR_PARSE_ERROR;
					}
					Error err = base_parser->raise_status(GDScriptParserRef::INHERITANCE_SOLVED);
					if (err != OK) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve super class inheritance from "%s".)", name), id);
						return err;
					}
					base = base_parser->get_parser()->head->get_datatype();
				}
			} else if (ProjectSettings::get_singleton()->has_autoload(name) && ProjectSettings::get_singleton()->get_autoload(name).is_singleton) {
				const ProjectSettings::AutoloadInfo &info = ProjectSettings::get_singleton()->get_autoload(name);