### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
		if (p_function->parameters[i]->usages == 0 && !String(p_function->parameters[i]->identifier->name).begins_with("_")) {
			String visible_name = function_name;
			if (function_name == StringName()) {
				visible_name = p_is_lambda ? "<anonymous lambda>" : "<unknown function>";
			}
			parser->push_warning(p_function->parameters[i]->identifier, GDScriptWarning::UNUSED_PARAMETER, visible_name, p_function->parameters[i]->identifier->name);
		}
		is_shadowing(p_function->parameters[i]->identifier, "function parameter", true);
#endif 
#ifdef TOOLS_ENABLED
		if (p_function->parameters[i]->initializer) {
			default_value_count++;
			if (p_function->parameters[i]->initializer->is_constant) {
				p_function->default_arg_values.push_back(p_function->parameters[i]->initializer->reduced_value);
			} else {
				p_function->default_arg_values.push_back(Variant()); 
			}
		}
#endif 
	}
	if (!p_is_lambda && function_name == GDScriptLanguage::get_singleton()->strings._init) {
		
		GDScriptParser::DataType return_type = parser->current_class->get_datatype();
		return_type.is_meta_type = false;
		p_function->set_datatype(return_type);
		if (p_function->return_type) {
			GDScriptParser::DataType declared_return = resolve_datatype(p_function->return_type);
			if (declared_return.kind != GDScriptParser::DataType::BUILTIN || declared_return.builtin_type != Variant::NIL) {
				push_error("Constructor cannot have an explicit return type.", p_function->return_type);