### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
	image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.levelCount = texture.mipmaps;
	image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.layerCount = texture.layers;
	image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
	if (texture.usage_flags & TEXTURE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT) {
		image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
	} else {
		image_view_create_info.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
	}
	VkImageViewUsageCreateInfo usage_info;
	if (context->is_device_extension_enabled(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_2_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
		
		
		usage_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_USAGE_CREATE_INFO;
		usage_info.pNext = nullptr;
		if (p_view.format_override != DATA_FORMAT_MAX) {
			
			usage_info.usage = 0;
			if (texture.usage_flags & TEXTURE_USAGE_SAMPLING_BIT) {
				usage_info.usage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
			}
			if (texture.usage_flags & TEXTURE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT) {
				if (texture_is_format_supported_for_usage(p_view.format_override, TEXTURE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT)) {
					usage_info.usage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT;
				}
			}
			if (texture.usage_flags & TEXTURE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT) {
				if (texture_is_format_supported_for_usage(p_view.format_override, TEXTURE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT)) {
					usage_info.usage |= VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
				}