### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
Error err = parser_ref->raise_status(GDScriptParserRef::PARSED);
		if (err) {
			push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve script "%s": %s (While resolving "%s").)", script_path, error_names[err], member.get_name()), p_source);
			return;
		}
		ERR_FAIL_COND_MSG(!parser_ref->get_parser()->has_class(p_class), R"(Parser bug: Mismatched external parser.)");
		GDScriptAnalyzer *other_analyzer = parser_ref->get_analyzer();
		GDScriptParser *other_parser = parser_ref->get_parser();
		int error_count = other_parser->errors.size();
		other_analyzer->resolve_class_member(p_class, p_index);
		if (other_parser->errors.size() > error_count) {
			push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve member "%s".)", member.get_name()), p_source);
		}
		return;
	}
	
	if (!p_class->base_type.is_resolving()) {
		Error err = resolve_class_inheritance(p_class);
		if (err) {
			return;
		}
	}
	GDScriptParser::ClassNode *previous_class = parser->current_class;
	parser->current_class = p_class;
	GDScriptParser::DataType resolving_datatype;
	resolving_datatype.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::RESOLVING;
	{
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
		HashSet<GDScriptWarning::Code> previously_ignored_warnings = parser->ignored_warnings;
		GDScriptParser::Node *member_node = member.get_source_node();