### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
}
	}
	notification(NOTIFICATION_WM_SIZE_CHANGED);
	if (embedder) {
		embedder->_sub_window_update(this);
	}
}
void Window::_update_window_callbacks() {
	DisplayServer::get_singleton()->window_set_rect_changed_callback(callable_mp(this, &Window::_rect_changed_callback), window_id);
	DisplayServer::get_singleton()->window_set_window_event_callback(callable_mp(this, &Window::_event_callback), window_id);
	DisplayServer::get_singleton()->window_set_input_event_callback(callable_mp(this, &Window::_window_input), window_id);
	DisplayServer::get_singleton()->window_set_input_text_callback(callable_mp(this, &Window::_window_input_text), window_id);
	DisplayServer::get_singleton()->window_set_drop_files_callback(callable_mp(this, &Window::_window_drop_files), window_id);
}
Viewport *Window::get_embedder() const {
	ERR_READ_THREAD_GUARD_V(nullptr);
	Viewport *vp = get_parent_viewport();
	while (vp) {
		if (vp->is_embedding_subwindows()) {
			return vp;
		}
		if (vp->get_parent()) {
			vp = vp->get_parent()->get_viewport();
		} else {
			vp = nullptr;
		}
	}
	return nullptr;
}
void Window::_notification(int p_what) {