### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

#ifndef _3D_DISABLED
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "audio_listener_enable_3d"), "set_as_audio_listener_3d", "is_audio_listener_3d");
#endif
	ADD_GROUP("Physics", "physics_");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "physics_object_picking"), "set_physics_object_picking", "get_physics_object_picking");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "physics_object_picking_sort"), "set_physics_object_picking_sort", "get_physics_object_picking_sort");
	ADD_GROUP("GUI", "gui_");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "gui_disable_input"), "set_disable_input", "is_input_disabled");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "gui_snap_controls_to_pixels"), "set_snap_controls_to_pixels", "is_snap_controls_to_pixels_enabled");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "gui_embed_subwindows"), "set_embedding_subwindows", "is_embedding_subwindows");
	ADD_GROUP("SDF", "sdf_");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "sdf_oversize", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "100%,120%,150%,200%"), "set_sdf_oversize", "get_sdf_oversize");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "sdf_scale", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "100%,50%,25%"), "set_sdf_scale", "get_sdf_scale");
	ADD_GROUP("Positional Shadow Atlas", "positional_shadow_atlas_");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "positional_shadow_atlas_size"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_size", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_size");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "positional_shadow_atlas_16_bits"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_16_bits", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_16_bits");
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "positional_shadow_atlas_quad_0", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "Disabled,1 Shadow,4 Shadows,16 Shadows,64 Shadows,256 Shadows,1024 Shadows"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", 0);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "positional_shadow_atlas_quad_1", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "Disabled,1 Shadow,4 Shadows,16 Shadows,64 Shadows,256 Shadows,1024 Shadows"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", 1);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "positional_shadow_atlas_quad_2", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "Disabled,1 Shadow,4 Shadows,16 Shadows,64 Shadows,256 Shadows,1024 Shadows"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", 2);
	ADD_PROPERTYI(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "positional_shadow_atlas_quad_3", PROPERTY_HINT_ENUM, "Disabled,1 Shadow,4 Shadows,16 Shadows,64 Shadows,256 Shadows,1024 Shadows"), "set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", 3);
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::TRANSFORM2D, "canvas_transform", PROPERTY_HINT_NONE, "", PROPERTY_USAGE_NONE), "set_canvas_transform", "get_canvas_transform");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::TRANSFORM2D, "global_canvas_transform", PROPERTY_HINT_NONE, "", PROPERTY_USAGE_NONE), "set_global_canvas_transform", "get_global_canvas_transform");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::INT, "canvas_cull_mask", PROPERTY_HINT_LAYERS_2D_RENDER), "set_canvas_cull_mask", "get_canvas_cull_mask");
	ADD_SIGNAL(MethodInfo("size_changed"));
	ADD_SIGNAL(MethodInfo("gui_focus_changed", PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "node", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "Control")));
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SHADOW_ATLAS_QUADRANT_SUBDIV_DISABLED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SHADOW_ATLAS_QUADRANT_SUBDIV_1);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SHADOW_ATLAS_QUADRANT_SUBDIV_4);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SHADOW_ATLAS_QUADRANT_SUBDIV_16);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SHADOW_ATLAS_QUADRANT_SUBDIV_64);