### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
}
		Control *over = nullptr;
		if (gui.mouse_focus) {
			over = gui.mouse_focus;
		} else if (gui.mouse_in_viewport) {
			over = gui_find_control(mpos);
		}
		DisplayServer::CursorShape ds_cursor_shape = (DisplayServer::CursorShape)Input::get_singleton()->get_default_cursor_shape();
		if (over) {
			Transform2D localizer = over->get_global_transform_with_canvas().affine_inverse();
			Size2 pos = localizer.xform(mpos);
			Vector2 velocity = localizer.basis_xform(mm->get_velocity());
			Vector2 rel = localizer.basis_xform(mm->get_relative());
			mm = mm->xformed_by(Transform2D()); 
			mm->set_global_position(mpos);
			mm->set_velocity(velocity);
			mm->set_relative(rel);
			if (mm->get_button_mask().is_empty()) {
				
				bool is_tooltip_shown = false;
				if (gui.tooltip_popup) {
					if (gui.tooltip_control) {
						String tooltip = _gui_get_tooltip(over, gui.tooltip_control->get_global_transform().xform_inv(mpos));
						tooltip = tooltip.strip_edges();
						if (tooltip.length() == 0) {
							_gui_cancel_tooltip();
						} else if (gui.tooltip_label) {
							if (tooltip == gui.tooltip_label->get_text()) {
								is_tooltip_shown = true;
							}