### Godot version

v4.1.dev.custom_build [a67d37f7c]

### System information

Windows 10, Vulkan

### Issue description

When changing between scenes that have volumetric fog enabled in the world environment, for example with `change_scene_to_file`, after changing there will be a continuous stream of errors that doesn't seem to stop.
Leaving a copy of one of the errors here so it's findable when searching the issue: 
"RenderingDeviceVulkan::compute_list_bind_uniform_set: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
  <C++ Source>   drivers\vulkan\rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7816 @ RenderingDeviceVulkan::compute_list_bind_uniform_set()"

The MRP is the volumetric fog demo, with its main scene duplicated, and the left/right arrow keys being used to change between scenes.

Disabling vol fog in either scene makes the errors go away.

![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/115422160/f2c8ef63-f3f3-49ed-8a44-bbee88c9c352)



### Steps to reproduce

Use left/right arrow keys to change scene and back, then error spam should begin.

### Minimal reproduction project

[new hot volumetric_fog bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11575612/new.hot.volumetric_fog.bug.zip)

MaterialStorage *material_storage = MaterialStorage::get_singleton();
	if (volumetric_fog.process_shader_version.is_valid()) {
		volumetric_fog.process_shader.version_free(volumetric_fog.process_shader_version);
	}
	if (volumetric_fog.volume_ubo.is_valid()) {
		RD::get_singleton()->free(volumetric_fog.volume_ubo);
	}
	if (volumetric_fog.params_ubo.is_valid()) {
		RD::get_singleton()->free(volumetric_fog.params_ubo);
	}
	if (volumetric_fog.default_shader.is_valid()) {
		material_storage->shader_free(volumetric_fog.default_shader);
	}
	if (volumetric_fog.default_material.is_valid()) {
		material_storage->material_free(volumetric_fog.default_material);
	}
}
void Fog::FogShaderData::set_code(const String &p_code) {