### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
HashMap<FramebufferFormatID, FramebufferFormat>::Iterator E = framebuffer_formats.find(p_format);
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V(!E, TEXTURE_SAMPLES_1);
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V(p_pass >= uint32_t(E->value.pass_samples.size()), TEXTURE_SAMPLES_1);
	return E->value.pass_samples[p_pass];
}
RID RenderingDeviceVulkan::framebuffer_create_empty(const Size2i &p_size, TextureSamples p_samples, FramebufferFormatID p_format_check) {
	_THREAD_SAFE_METHOD_
	Framebuffer framebuffer;
	framebuffer.format_id = framebuffer_format_create_empty(p_samples);
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V(p_format_check != INVALID_FORMAT_ID && framebuffer.format_id != p_format_check, RID());
	framebuffer.size = p_size;
	framebuffer.view_count = 1;
	RID id = framebuffer_owner.make_rid(framebuffer);
#ifdef DEV_ENABLED
	set_resource_name(id, "RID:" + itos(id.get_id()));
#endif
	return id;
}
RID RenderingDeviceVulkan::framebuffer_create(const Vector<RID> &p_texture_attachments, FramebufferFormatID p_format_check, uint32_t p_view_count) {