### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
}
#ifdef FORCE_FULL_BARRIER
	_full_barrier(true);
#else
	if (dst_stage_mask == 0) {
		dst_stage_mask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
	}
	if (p_post_barrier != RD::BARRIER_MASK_NO_BARRIER) {
		_buffer_memory_barrier(buffer->buffer, p_offset, p_size, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, dst_stage_mask, VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, dst_access, true);
	}
#endif
	return err;
}
Error RenderingDeviceVulkan::buffer_clear(RID p_buffer, uint32_t p_offset, uint32_t p_size, BitField<BarrierMask> p_post_barrier) {
	_THREAD_SAFE_METHOD_
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG((p_size % 4) != 0, ERR_INVALID_PARAMETER,
			"Size must be a multiple of four");
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(draw_list, ERR_INVALID_PARAMETER,
			"Updating buffers in is forbidden during creation of a draw list");
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(compute_list, ERR_INVALID_PARAMETER,
			"Updating buffers is forbidden during creation of a compute list");
	VkPipelineStageFlags dst_stage_mask = 0;
	VkAccessFlags dst_access = 0;
	if (p_post_barrier.has_flag(BARRIER_MASK_TRANSFER)) {
		
		dst_stage_mask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT;
		dst_access = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
	}
	Buffer *buffer = _get_buffer_from_owner(p_buffer, dst_stage_mask, dst_access, p_post_barrier);
	if (!buffer) {