### Godot version

4.0.3, 4.1-dev1, 4.1-dev2

### System information

Windows 11, ASUS Zephyrus G14 2022, Ryzen 9, Radeon 6700S

### Issue description

If you create a custom class script and extend it in a custom sub class script using GDScript, override `_init()` in the sub class but not in the parent class, and then call `super()` in the sub class, it will run fine in the editor or if exported with the debug template. However, if you export a release build, the `super()` call will induce a script error.

I think the bug is that the debugger should throw an error in this case. Trying the same with methods like `_ready` for classes extending nodes or even `_to_string` for a RefCounted class and running in the editor will cause a script error to be caught by the debugger.

In editor:
![debug](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/125445387/f6da77c5-c9d3-4bb9-a4b0-80d2f9218033)

Release build:
![release_error](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/125445387/73a9d098-7c3b-45e4-8761-e3f40ffd3bc9)


### Steps to reproduce

Create two classes
ClassTwo extends ClassOne
ClassTwo overrides virtual method _init() (**ClassOne does not**)
ClassTwo calls super() in _init()
No error in debug/editor
Error in release

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
expected_type_name = type_from_property(function_info.arguments[err.argument], true).to_string();
						} else {
							expected_type_name = Variant::get_type_name((Variant::Type)err.expected);
						}
						push_error(vformat(R"*(Invalid argument for "%s()" function: argument %d should be "%s" but is "%s".)*", function_name, err.argument + 1,
										   expected_type_name, p_call->arguments[err.argument]->get_datatype().to_string()),
								p_call->arguments[err.argument]);
					} break;
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_ERROR_INVALID_METHOD:
						push_error(vformat(R"(Invalid call for function "%s".)", function_name), p_call);
						break;
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_ERROR_TOO_MANY_ARGUMENTS:
						push_error(vformat(R"*(Too many arguments for "%s()" call. Expected at most %d but received %d.)*", function_name, err.expected, p_call->arguments.size()), p_call);
						break;
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_ERROR_TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS:
						push_error(vformat(R"*(Too few arguments for "%s()" call. Expected at least %d but received %d.)*", function_name, err.expected, p_call->arguments.size()), p_call);
						break;
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_ERROR_METHOD_NOT_CONST:
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_ERROR_INSTANCE_IS_NULL:
						break; 
					case Callable::CallError::CALL_OK:
						p_call->is_constant = true;
						p_call->reduced_value = value;
						break;
				}
			} else {
				validate_call_arg(function_info, p_call);
			}
			p_call->set_datatype(type_from_property(function_info.return_val));
			return;