### Godot version

4.1.dev3.official [a67d37f]

### System information

Windows 11 [Vulkan]

### Issue description

The work performed in #77154 drastically changed the visual characteristics of particle turbulence.  I am no longer able to get the same "turbulent" behaviour that existed before these changes - no matter which turbulence settings I change.  Please let me know if there's something I'm missing about the new implementation that would give this result.

![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/8756569/05a338a3-140b-4353-ae11-62ec9714b3d1)


### Steps to reproduce

To reproduce this is fairly simple:

1. Create a GPUParticles2D Node
2. Emit a significant number of particles (I'm emitting 50,000)
3. Set Initial Velocity [Max] to around 250, and Direction Spread to 180.  Enable turbulence
4. Set the turbulence_influence_min property to 0.1 (default) and turbulence_influence_max to 1
5. Observe how the turbulence appears in v4.1.dev3.official with the changes in #77154 versus the previous build without these changes.  The new implementation just results in some minor particle "jitter", but not the actual turbulence that it's supposed to have.


### Minimal reproduction project

No sample project provided, as the reproduction is quite simple to replicate.
set_param_max(PARAM_ANGULAR_VELOCITY, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_ORBIT_VELOCITY, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_LINEAR_ACCEL, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_RADIAL_ACCEL, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_TANGENTIAL_ACCEL, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_DAMPING, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_ANGLE, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_SCALE, 1);
	set_param_max(PARAM_HUE_VARIATION, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_ANIM_SPEED, 0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_ANIM_OFFSET, 0);
	set_emission_shape(EMISSION_SHAPE_POINT);
	set_emission_sphere_radius(1);
	set_emission_box_extents(Vector3(1, 1, 1));
	set_emission_ring_axis(Vector3(0, 0, 1.0));
	set_emission_ring_height(1);
	set_emission_ring_radius(1);
	set_emission_ring_inner_radius(0);
	set_turbulence_enabled(false);
	set_turbulence_noise_speed(Vector3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
	set_turbulence_noise_strength(1);
	set_turbulence_noise_scale(9);
	set_turbulence_noise_speed_random(0.2);
	set_param_min(PARAM_TURB_VEL_INFLUENCE, 0.1);
	set_param_max(PARAM_TURB_VEL_INFLUENCE, 0.1);
	set_param_min(PARAM_TURB_INIT_DISPLACEMENT, 0.0);
	set_param_max(PARAM_TURB_INIT_DISPLACEMENT, 0.0);
	set_gravity(Vector3(0, -9.8, 0));
	set_lifetime_randomness(0);
	set_sub_emitter_mode(SUB_EMITTER_DISABLED);