### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_path", "path"), &Resource::_set_path);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("take_over_path", "path"), &Resource::_take_over_path);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_path"), &Resource::get_path);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_name", "name"), &Resource::set_name);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_name"), &Resource::get_name);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_rid"), &Resource::get_rid);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_local_to_scene", "enable"), &Resource::set_local_to_scene);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_local_to_scene"), &Resource::is_local_to_scene);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_local_scene"), &Resource::get_local_scene);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("setup_local_to_scene"), &Resource::setup_local_to_scene);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("emit_changed"), &Resource::emit_changed);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("duplicate", "subresources"), &Resource::duplicate, DEFVAL(false));
	ADD_SIGNAL(MethodInfo("changed"));
	ADD_SIGNAL(MethodInfo("setup_local_to_scene_requested"));
	ADD_GROUP("Resource", "resource_");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "resource_local_to_scene"), "set_local_to_scene", "is_local_to_scene");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::STRING, "resource_path", PROPERTY_HINT_NONE, "", PROPERTY_USAGE_EDITOR), "set_path", "get_path");
	ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::STRING, "resource_name"), "set_name", "get_name");
	MethodInfo get_rid_bind("_get_rid");
	get_rid_bind.return_val.type = Variant::RID;
	::ClassDB::add_virtual_method(get_class_static(), get_rid_bind, true, Vector<String>(), true);
}
Resource::Resource() :