### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
push_error(R"*(Cannot use shorthand "get_node()" notation ("$") on a class that isn't a node.)*", p_get_node);
	}
	mark_lambda_use_self();
	p_get_node->set_datatype(result);
}
GDScriptParser::DataType GDScriptAnalyzer::make_global_class_meta_type(const StringName &p_class_name, const GDScriptParser::Node *p_source) {
	GDScriptParser::DataType type;
	String path = ScriptServer::get_global_class_path(p_class_name);
	String ext = path.get_extension();
	if (ext == GDScriptLanguage::get_singleton()->get_extension()) {
		Ref<GDScriptParserRef> ref = get_parser_for(path);
		if (ref.is_null()) {
			push_error(vformat(R"(Could not find script for class "%s".)", p_class_name), p_source);
			type.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::UNDETECTED;
			type.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::VARIANT;
			return type;
		}
		Error err = ref->raise_status(GDScriptParserRef::INHERITANCE_SOLVED);
		if (err) {
			push_error(vformat(R"(Could not resolve class "%s", because of a parser error.)", p_class_name), p_source);
			type.type_source = GDScriptParser::DataType::UNDETECTED;
			type.kind = GDScriptParser::DataType::VARIANT;
			return type;
		}
		return ref->get_parser()->head->get_datatype();
	} else {
		return make_script_meta_type(ResourceLoader::load(path, "Script"));
	}
}
void GDScriptAnalyzer::reduce_identifier_from_base_set_class(GDScriptParser::IdentifierNode *p_identifier, GDScriptParser::DataType p_identifier_datatype) {