### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

mb->set_position(pos);
			Control *mouse_focus = gui.mouse_focus;
			
			
			
			if (gui.mouse_focus_mask.is_empty()) {
				gui.mouse_focus = nullptr;
				gui.forced_mouse_focus = false;
			}
			bool stopped = mouse_focus && mouse_focus->can_process() && _gui_call_input(mouse_focus, mb);
			if (stopped) {
				set_input_as_handled();
			}
		}
	}
	Ref<InputEventMouseMotion> mm = p_event;
	if (mm.is_valid()) {
		gui.key_event_accepted = false;
		Point2 mpos = mm->get_position();
		
		if (!gui.drag_attempted && gui.mouse_focus && (mm->get_button_mask().has_flag(MouseButtonMask::LEFT))) {
			gui.drag_accum += mm->get_relative();
			float len = gui.drag_accum.length();
			if (len > 10) {
				{ 
					CanvasItem *ci = gui.mouse_focus;
					while (ci) {
						Control *control = Object::cast_to<Control>(ci);
						if (control) {
							gui.dragging = true;