### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
"G8_B8_R8_3Plane_444_Unorm",
	"R10X6_Unorm_Pack16",
	"R10X6G10X6_Unorm_2Pack16",
	"R10X6G10X6B10X6A10X6_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"G10X6B10X6G10X6R10X6_422_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"B10X6G10X6R10X6G10X6_422_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"G10X6_B10X6_R10X6_3Plane_420_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G10X6_B10X6R10X6_2Plane_420_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G10X6_B10X6_R10X6_3Plane_422_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G10X6_B10X6R10X6_2Plane_422_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G10X6_B10X6_R10X6_3Plane_444_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"R12X4_Unorm_Pack16",
	"R12X4G12X4_Unorm_2Pack16",
	"R12X4G12X4B12X4A12X4_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"G12X4B12X4G12X4R12X4_422_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"B12X4G12X4R12X4G12X4_422_Unorm_4Pack16",
	"G12X4_B12X4_R12X4_3Plane_420_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G12X4_B12X4R12X4_2Plane_420_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G12X4_B12X4_R12X4_3Plane_422_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G12X4_B12X4R12X4_2Plane_422_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G12X4_B12X4_R12X4_3Plane_444_Unorm_3Pack16",
	"G16B16G16R16_422_Unorm",
	"B16G16R16G16_422_Unorm",
	"G16_B16_R16_3Plane_420_Unorm",
	"G16_B16R16_2Plane_420_Unorm",
	"G16_B16_R16_3Plane_422_Unorm",
	"G16_B16R16_2Plane_422_Unorm",
	"G16_B16_R16_3Plane_444_Unorm",
};
int RenderingDeviceVulkan::get_format_vertex_size(DataFormat p_format) {