### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_ALWAYS_ON_TOP);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_TRANSPARENT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_NO_FOCUS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_POPUP);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_EXTEND_TO_TITLE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_MOUSE_PASSTHROUGH);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(FLAG_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_MODE_DISABLED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_MODE_CANVAS_ITEMS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_MODE_VIEWPORT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_ASPECT_IGNORE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_ASPECT_KEEP);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_ASPECT_KEEP_WIDTH);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_ASPECT_KEEP_HEIGHT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_ASPECT_EXPAND);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_STRETCH_FRACTIONAL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(CONTENT_SCALE_STRETCH_INTEGER);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(LAYOUT_DIRECTION_INHERITED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LOCALE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_ABSOLUTE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_CENTER_PRIMARY_SCREEN);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_CENTER_MAIN_WINDOW_SCREEN);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_CENTER_OTHER_SCREEN);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_CENTER_SCREEN_WITH_MOUSE_FOCUS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(WINDOW_INITIAL_POSITION_CENTER_SCREEN_WITH_KEYBOARD_FOCUS);
	GDVIRTUAL_BIND(_get_contents_minimum_size);
}
Window::Window() {