### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.arch_linux

### System information

Arch linux  - OpenGL API 4.2 (Core Profile) Mesa 21.3.9 Amber - Compatibility - Using Device: Intel Open Source Technology Center - Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 2500 (IVB GT1)

### Issue description

I wrote a simple colorize shader:
```
uniform sampler2D color_map;
void fragment()
{
	vec2 uv = COLOR.rg;
	COLOR.rgb = texture(color_map, uv).rgb;
}
```
![20230614_21h26m15s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/636c00f8-09e3-4be4-9784-787a3c35ae63)

But when I change the uniform parameter in the editor, it turned into this
![20230614_21h07m45s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/0ac2430d-33f5-4c4a-8cd0-bd2f76b575cf)

However, this issue does not appear on Vulkan renderer (Foward+ and Mobile) 

### Steps to reproduce

Change value in the gradient in the shader parameter.

### Minimal reproduction project

[shader-bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11746761/shader-bug.zip)

Texture *tex = get_texture(rt->overridden.color);
		tex->render_target = nullptr;
		tex->is_render_target = false;
	}
	if (rt->overridden.color.is_valid()) {
		rt->overridden.color = RID();
	} else if (rt->color) {
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(rt->color);
		if (rt->texture.is_valid()) {
			Texture *tex = get_texture(rt->texture);
			tex->tex_id = 0;
		}
	}
	rt->color = 0;
	if (rt->overridden.depth.is_valid()) {
		rt->overridden.depth = RID();
	} else if (rt->depth) {
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(rt->depth);
	}
	rt->depth = 0;
	rt->overridden.velocity = RID();
	rt->overridden.is_overridden = false;
	if (rt->backbuffer_fbo != 0) {
		glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &rt->backbuffer_fbo);
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(rt->backbuffer);
		rt->backbuffer = 0;
		rt->backbuffer_fbo = 0;
	}
	if (rt->backbuffer_depth != 0) {
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(rt->backbuffer_depth);