### Godot version

4.1.1 stable

### System information

Windows 10

### Issue description

this is the default size loaded on startup 1024 which seems fine but it actually have loaded the default [2048] and ignored the size in project settings
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/c8c71de7-468a-487f-8e6c-dba1ce0f8fa5)

changing it now to any size will break it 
[2048]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/3082ff09-b7d7-41f7-8fbb-813074a54135)

[512]
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/53877170/5ea4620f-52b5-4d0e-a5f5-747e777cd59d)


### Steps to reproduce

change 2d shadow atlas size in project settings while using compatibility renderer. 

### Minimal reproduction project

_
RenderingServer::CanvasItemTextureFilter texture_filter = p_item->texture_filter == RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_DEFAULT ? state.default_filter : p_item->texture_filter;
	if (texture_filter != state.canvas_instance_batches[state.current_batch_index].filter) {
		_new_batch(r_batch_broken);
		state.canvas_instance_batches[state.current_batch_index].filter = texture_filter;
	}
	RenderingServer::CanvasItemTextureRepeat texture_repeat = p_item->texture_repeat == RS::CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_DEFAULT ? state.default_repeat : p_item->texture_repeat;
	if (texture_repeat != state.canvas_instance_batches[state.current_batch_index].repeat) {
		_new_batch(r_batch_broken);
		state.canvas_instance_batches[state.current_batch_index].repeat = texture_repeat;
	}
	Transform2D base_transform = p_canvas_transform_inverse * p_item->final_transform;
	Transform2D draw_transform; 
	Color base_color = p_item->final_modulate;
	uint32_t base_flags = 0;
	Size2 texpixel_size;
	bool reclip = false;
	bool skipping = false;
	
	uint32_t lights[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	uint16_t light_count = 0;
	{
		Light *light = p_lights;
		while (light) {
			if (light->render_index_cache >= 0 && p_item->light_mask & light->item_mask && p_item->z_final >= light->z_min && p_item->z_final <= light->z_max && p_item->global_rect_cache.intersects_transformed(light->xform_cache, light->rect_cache)) {
				uint32_t light_index = light->render_index_cache;