### Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

### System information

Windows 10, Forward +

### Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))
```

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
ERR_READ_THREAD_GUARD_V(false);
	return data.theme_owner->has_owner_node();
}
void Control::set_theme(const Ref<Theme> &p_theme) {
	ERR_MAIN_THREAD_GUARD;
	if (data.theme == p_theme) {
		return;
	}
	if (data.theme.is_valid()) {
		data.theme->disconnect_changed(callable_mp(this, &Control::_theme_changed));
	}
	data.theme = p_theme;
	if (data.theme.is_valid()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, this, is_inside_tree(), true);
		data.theme->connect_changed(callable_mp(this, &Control::_theme_changed), CONNECT_DEFERRED);
		return;
	}
	Control *parent_c = Object::cast_to<Control>(get_parent());
	if (parent_c && parent_c->has_theme_owner_node()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, parent_c->get_theme_owner_node(), is_inside_tree(), true);
		return;
	}
	Window *parent_w = cast_to<Window>(get_parent());
	if (parent_w && parent_w->has_theme_owner_node()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, parent_w->get_theme_owner_node(), is_inside_tree(), true);
		return;
	}
	data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, nullptr, is_inside_tree(), true);
}
Ref<Theme> Control::get_theme() const {