### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SHADOW_ATLAS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_DIRECTIONAL_SHADOW_ATLAS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SCENE_LUMINANCE);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SSAO);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SSIL);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_PSSM_SPLITS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_DECAL_ATLAS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SDFGI);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_SDFGI_PROBES);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_GI_BUFFER);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_DISABLE_LOD);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_CLUSTER_OMNI_LIGHTS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_CLUSTER_SPOT_LIGHTS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_CLUSTER_DECALS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_CLUSTER_REFLECTION_PROBES);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_OCCLUDERS)
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEBUG_DRAW_MOTION_VECTORS)
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_NEAREST);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_LINEAR);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_LINEAR_WITH_MIPMAPS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_NEAREST_WITH_MIPMAPS);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_FILTER_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_DISABLED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_ENABLED);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_MIRROR);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(DEFAULT_CANVAS_ITEM_TEXTURE_REPEAT_MAX);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SDF_OVERSIZE_100_PERCENT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SDF_OVERSIZE_120_PERCENT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SDF_OVERSIZE_150_PERCENT);
	BIND_ENUM_CONSTANT(SDF_OVERSIZE_200_PERCENT);