### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

return scene_unique_id;
}
void Resource::set_name(const String &p_name) {
	name = p_name;
	emit_changed();
}
String Resource::get_name() const {
	return name;
}
void Resource::update_configuration_warning() {
	if (_update_configuration_warning) {
		_update_configuration_warning();
	}
}
bool Resource::editor_can_reload_from_file() {
	return true; 
}
void Resource::connect_changed(const Callable &p_callable, uint32_t p_flags) {
	if (!is_connected(CoreStringNames::get_singleton()->changed, p_callable) || p_flags & CONNECT_REFERENCE_COUNTED) {
		connect(CoreStringNames::get_singleton()->changed, p_callable, p_flags);
	}
}
void Resource::disconnect_changed(const Callable &p_callable) {
	if (is_connected(CoreStringNames::get_singleton()->changed, p_callable)) {
		disconnect(CoreStringNames::get_singleton()->changed, p_callable);
	}
}
void Resource::reset_state() {
}
Error Resource::copy_from(const Ref<Resource> &p_resource) {