### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.arch_linux

### System information

Arch linux  - OpenGL API 4.2 (Core Profile) Mesa 21.3.9 Amber - Compatibility - Using Device: Intel Open Source Technology Center - Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 2500 (IVB GT1)

### Issue description

I wrote a simple colorize shader:
```
uniform sampler2D color_map;
void fragment()
{
	vec2 uv = COLOR.rg;
	COLOR.rgb = texture(color_map, uv).rgb;
}
```
![20230614_21h26m15s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/636c00f8-09e3-4be4-9784-787a3c35ae63)

But when I change the uniform parameter in the editor, it turned into this
![20230614_21h07m45s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/0ac2430d-33f5-4c4a-8cd0-bd2f76b575cf)

However, this issue does not appear on Vulkan renderer (Foward+ and Mobile) 

### Steps to reproduce

Change value in the gradient in the shader parameter.

### Minimal reproduction project

[shader-bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11746761/shader-bug.zip)

#endif
			glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, rt->depth, 0);
		}
		GLenum status = glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER);
		if (status != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) {
			glDeleteFramebuffers(1, &rt->fbo);
			GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(rt->color);
			rt->fbo = 0;
			rt->size.x = 0;
			rt->size.y = 0;
			rt->color = 0;
			rt->depth = 0;
			if (rt->overridden.color.is_null()) {
				texture->tex_id = 0;
				texture->active = false;
			}
			WARN_PRINT("Could not create render target, status: " + get_framebuffer_error(status));
			return;
		}
		texture->is_render_target = true;
		texture->render_target = rt;
		if (rt->overridden.color.is_null()) {
			texture->format = rt->image_format;
			texture->real_format = rt->image_format;
			texture->target = texture_target;
			if (rt->view_count > 1 && config->multiview_supported) {
				texture->type = Texture::TYPE_LAYERED;
				texture->layers = rt->view_count;
			} else {
				texture->type = Texture::TYPE_2D;