### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

if (is_embedding_subwindows()) {
		for (int i = gui.sub_windows.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
			Window *sw = gui.sub_windows[i].window;
			Rect2 swrect = Rect2(sw->get_position(), sw->get_size());
			Rect2 swrect_border = swrect;
			if (!sw->get_flag(Window::FLAG_BORDERLESS)) {
				int title_height = sw->get_theme_constant(SNAME("title_height"));
				int margin = sw->get_theme_constant(SNAME("resize_margin"));
				swrect_border.position.y -= title_height + margin;
				swrect_border.size.y += title_height + margin * 2;
				swrect_border.position.x -= margin;
				swrect_border.size.x += margin * 2;
			}
			if (swrect_border.has_point(p_pos)) {
				if (gui.mouse_over) {
					_drop_mouse_over();
				} else if (!gui.subwindow_over) {
					_drop_physics_mouseover();
				}
				if (swrect.has_point(p_pos)) {
					if (sw != gui.subwindow_over) {
						if (gui.subwindow_over) {
							gui.subwindow_over->_mouse_leave_viewport();
						}