### Godot version

4.1 stable, 4.1.1 rc1

### System information

Windows 10, Forward +

### Issue description

When updating the global_position of a Node2D that's outside of the scene tree, the global_position does not update. I came across this issue because when I instantiate a scene, I usually set the instantiated object's properties before adding it to the scene tree. When I tried setting the global_position, I noticed the value seems to stay at (0,0). Interestingly, even though the global_position does not update, the position property does. Is it fine to update a node's (global) position when it's not inside the scene tree? Or should we not do this

Also possibly related to #75676

### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Node

func _ready() -> void:
	var a = Node2D.new()
	a.global_position = Vector2(1, 1)
	assert(a.global_position == Vector2(1, 1))
```

The above assertion fails on 4.1 stable and 4.1.1 rc1, but succeeds on 4.0.2 and 4.0.3. I didn't test other versions besides these

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
if (viewport) {
								break;
							}
							parent = parent->get_parent();
						}
						ERR_FAIL_COND(!viewport);
						window = Object::cast_to<Window>(viewport);
						if (window) {
							window->connect(SceneStringNames::get_singleton()->visibility_changed, callable_mp(this, &CanvasItem::_window_visibility_changed));
							parent_visible_in_tree = window->is_visible();
						} else {
							parent_visible_in_tree = true;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			_set_global_invalid(true);
			_enter_canvas();
			RenderingServer::get_singleton()->canvas_item_set_visible(canvas_item, is_visible_in_tree()); 
			if (is_visible_in_tree()) {
				notification(NOTIFICATION_VISIBILITY_CHANGED); 
			}
			_update_texture_filter_changed(false);
			_update_texture_repeat_changed(false);
			if (!block_transform_notify && !xform_change.in_list()) {
				get_tree()->xform_change_list.add(&xform_change);
			}
			if (get_viewport()) {
				get_parent()->connect(SNAME("child_order_changed"), callable_mp(get_viewport(), &Viewport::canvas_parent_mark_dirty).bind(get_parent()), CONNECT_REFERENCE_COUNTED);
			}