### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

ERR_MAIN_THREAD_GUARD_V(nullptr);
	
	_gui_sort_roots();
	for (List<Control *>::Element *E = gui.roots.back(); E; E = E->prev()) {
		Control *sw = E->get();
		if (!sw->is_visible_in_tree()) {
			continue;
		}
		Transform2D xform;
		CanvasItem *pci = sw->get_parent_item();
		if (pci) {
			xform = pci->get_global_transform_with_canvas();
		} else {
			xform = sw->get_canvas_transform();
		}
		Control *ret = _gui_find_control_at_pos(sw, p_global, xform);
		if (ret) {
			return ret;
		}
	}
	return nullptr;
}
Control *Viewport::_gui_find_control_at_pos(CanvasItem *p_node, const Point2 &p_global, const Transform2D &p_xform) {