### Godot version

4.1.dev 2e273f0e35800f2bcc7c05db54100caa97928f69

### System information

macOS 13.4

### Issue description

Removing a SpinBox from the node tree using `remove_child` during the line edit text submit signal will crash the engine.

```
handle_crash: Program crashed with signal 11
Engine version: Godot Engine v4.1.dev.custom_build (2e273f0e35800f2bcc7c05db54100caa97928f69)
Dumping the backtrace. Please include this when reporting the bug to the project developer.
[1] 1   libsystem_platform.dylib            0x0000000183b5aa24 _sigtramp + 56
[2] Viewport::gui_get_focus_owner() (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 32
[3] SpinBox::_line_edit_focus_exit() (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 28
[4] CallQueue::_call_function(Callable const&, Variant const*, int, bool) (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 336
[5] CallQueue::flush() (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 908
[6] SceneTree::physics_process(double) (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 244
[7] Main::iteration() (in godot.macos.editor.arm64) + 528
```

### Steps to reproduce

Open the minimal reproduction project, click on the SpinBox, press enter, and the engine crashes.

### Minimal reproduction project

[SpinBoxTextSubmitCrash.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11631081/SpinBoxTextSubmitCrash.zip)

List<ObjectID> to_erase;
	for (const KeyValue<ObjectID, uint64_t> &E : physics_2d_mouseover) {
		if (!p_clean_all_frames && E.value == p_frame_reference) {
			continue;
		}
		Object *o = ObjectDB::get_instance(E.key);
		if (o) {
			CollisionObject2D *co = Object::cast_to<CollisionObject2D>(o);
			if (co && co->is_inside_tree()) {
				if (p_clean_all_frames && p_paused_only && co->can_process()) {
					continue;
				}
				co->_mouse_exit();
			}
		}
		to_erase.push_back(E.key);
	}
	while (to_erase.size()) {
		physics_2d_mouseover.erase(to_erase.front()->get());
		to_erase.pop_front();
	}
	
	List<Pair<ObjectID, int>> shapes_to_erase;
	for (KeyValue<Pair<ObjectID, int>, uint64_t> &E : physics_2d_shape_mouseover) {
		if (!p_clean_all_frames && E.value == p_frame_reference) {
			continue;
		}
		Object *o = ObjectDB::get_instance(E.key.first);
		if (o) {
			CollisionObject2D *co = Object::cast_to<CollisionObject2D>(o);