### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

Control *mouse_over = nullptr;
		Window *subwindow_over = nullptr; 
		Window *windowmanager_window_over = nullptr; 
		Control *drag_mouse_over = nullptr;
		Vector2 drag_mouse_over_pos;
		Control *tooltip_control = nullptr;
		Window *tooltip_popup = nullptr;
		Label *tooltip_label = nullptr;
		Point2 tooltip_pos;
		Point2 last_mouse_pos;
		Point2 drag_accum;
		bool drag_attempted = false;
		Variant drag_data;
		ObjectID drag_preview_id;
		Ref<SceneTreeTimer> tooltip_timer;
		double tooltip_delay = 0.0;
		bool roots_order_dirty = false;
		List<Control *> roots;
		HashSet<ObjectID> canvas_parents_with_dirty_order;
		int canvas_sort_index = 0; 
		bool dragging = false;
		bool drag_successful = false;
		bool embed_subwindows_hint = false;
		Window *subwindow_focused = nullptr;
		Window *currently_dragged_subwindow = nullptr;
		SubWindowDrag subwindow_drag = SUB_WINDOW_DRAG_DISABLED;
		Vector2 subwindow_drag_from;
		Vector2 subwindow_drag_pos;
		Rect2i subwindow_drag_close_rect;
		bool subwindow_drag_close_inside = false;