### Godot version

543750a1b3f5696f9ba8e91cb49dc7db05d2ae62

### System information

Windows 10, Vulkan

### Issue description

This is a regression since v4.1.dev4.official [5c2295ff5], I can't bisect atm to find the commit that caused it, maybe https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/77651 but that's just a guess.
When a HBoxContainer has a label child, and that label's text is changed, one used to be able to find the new size of the container by using call_deferred, this is no longer the case.

MRP correct behavior (v4.1.dev4.official [5c2295ff5]):
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/115422160/1b4a2b6f-ef19-42c1-b3e5-9f0c499a7a8c)
MRP incorrect (543750a1b3f5696f9ba8e91cb49dc7db05d2ae62):
![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/115422160/25b711ae-7c3a-4c48-aff7-383bb8f600c3)




### Steps to reproduce

```gdscript
extends Control

@onready var h_box_container: HBoxContainer = $HBoxContainer
@onready var label: Label = $HBoxContainer/Label

func _ready() -> void:
	label.text = "larger non default text"
	print("h_box_container size.x: ", h_box_container.size.x)
	call_deferred("size_after_text_changed")

func size_after_text_changed() -> void:
	print("deferred h_box_container size.x: ", h_box_container.size.x)
```

### Minimal reproduction project

[call_deferred bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11654441/call_deferred.bug.zip)

ERR_READ_THREAD_GUARD_V(false);
	return data.theme_owner->has_owner_node();
}
void Control::set_theme(const Ref<Theme> &p_theme) {
	ERR_MAIN_THREAD_GUARD;
	if (data.theme == p_theme) {
		return;
	}
	if (data.theme.is_valid()) {
		data.theme->disconnect("changed", callable_mp(this, &Control::_theme_changed));
	}
	data.theme = p_theme;
	if (data.theme.is_valid()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, this, is_inside_tree(), true);
		data.theme->connect("changed", callable_mp(this, &Control::_theme_changed), CONNECT_DEFERRED);
		return;
	}
	Control *parent_c = Object::cast_to<Control>(get_parent());
	if (parent_c && parent_c->has_theme_owner_node()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, parent_c->get_theme_owner_node(), is_inside_tree(), true);
		return;
	}
	Window *parent_w = cast_to<Window>(get_parent());
	if (parent_w && parent_w->has_theme_owner_node()) {
		data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, parent_w->get_theme_owner_node(), is_inside_tree(), true);
		return;
	}
	data.theme_owner->propagate_theme_changed(this, nullptr, is_inside_tree(), true);
}
Ref<Theme> Control::get_theme() const {