### Godot version

4.1.dev3.official [a67d37f]

### System information

Windows 11 [Vulkan]

### Issue description

The work performed in #77154 drastically changed the visual characteristics of particle turbulence.  I am no longer able to get the same "turbulent" behaviour that existed before these changes - no matter which turbulence settings I change.  Please let me know if there's something I'm missing about the new implementation that would give this result.

![image](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/8756569/05a338a3-140b-4353-ae11-62ec9714b3d1)


### Steps to reproduce

To reproduce this is fairly simple:

1. Create a GPUParticles2D Node
2. Emit a significant number of particles (I'm emitting 50,000)
3. Set Initial Velocity [Max] to around 250, and Direction Spread to 180.  Enable turbulence
4. Set the turbulence_influence_min property to 0.1 (default) and turbulence_influence_max to 1
5. Observe how the turbulence appears in v4.1.dev3.official with the changes in #77154 versus the previous build without these changes.  The new implementation just results in some minor particle "jitter", but not the actual turbulence that it's supposed to have.


### Minimal reproduction project

No sample project provided, as the reproduction is quite simple to replicate.
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_shape", "shape"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_shape);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_shape"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_shape);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_sphere_radius", "radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_sphere_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_sphere_radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_sphere_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_box_extents", "extents"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_box_extents);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_box_extents"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_box_extents);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_point_texture", "texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_point_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_point_texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_point_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_normal_texture", "texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_normal_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_normal_texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_normal_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_color_texture", "texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_color_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_color_texture"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_color_texture);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_point_count", "point_count"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_point_count);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_point_count"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_point_count);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_ring_axis", "axis"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_ring_axis);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_ring_axis"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_ring_axis);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_ring_height", "height"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_ring_height);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_ring_height"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_ring_height);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_ring_radius", "radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_ring_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_ring_radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_ring_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_emission_ring_inner_radius", "inner_radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_emission_ring_inner_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_emission_ring_inner_radius"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_emission_ring_inner_radius);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_turbulence_enabled"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_turbulence_enabled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_turbulence_enabled", "turbulence_enabled"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_turbulence_enabled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_turbulence_noise_strength"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_turbulence_noise_strength);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_turbulence_noise_strength", "turbulence_noise_strength"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_turbulence_noise_strength);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_turbulence_noise_scale"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_turbulence_noise_scale);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_turbulence_noise_scale", "turbulence_noise_scale"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_turbulence_noise_scale);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_turbulence_noise_speed_random"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::get_turbulence_noise_speed_random);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_turbulence_noise_speed_random", "turbulence_noise_speed_random"), &ParticleProcessMaterial::set_turbulence_noise_speed_random);