### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

} else {
							is_tooltip_shown = true; 
						}
					} else {
						_gui_cancel_tooltip();
					}
				}
				if (!is_tooltip_shown && over->can_process()) {
					if (gui.tooltip_timer.is_valid()) {
						gui.tooltip_timer->release_connections();
						gui.tooltip_timer = Ref<SceneTreeTimer>();
					}
					gui.tooltip_control = over;
					gui.tooltip_pos = over->get_screen_transform().xform(pos);
					gui.tooltip_timer = get_tree()->create_timer(gui.tooltip_delay);
					gui.tooltip_timer->set_ignore_time_scale(true);
					gui.tooltip_timer->connect("timeout", callable_mp(this, &Viewport::_gui_show_tooltip));
				}
			}
			mm->set_position(pos);
			Control::CursorShape cursor_shape = Control::CURSOR_ARROW;
			{
				Control *c = over;
				Vector2 cpos = pos;
				while (c) {
					if (!gui.mouse_focus_mask.is_empty() || c->has_point(cpos)) {
						cursor_shape = c->get_cursor_shape(cpos);
					} else {
						cursor_shape = Control::CURSOR_ARROW;
					}