### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.arch_linux

### System information

Arch linux  - OpenGL API 4.2 (Core Profile) Mesa 21.3.9 Amber - Compatibility - Using Device: Intel Open Source Technology Center - Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 2500 (IVB GT1)

### Issue description

I wrote a simple colorize shader:
```
uniform sampler2D color_map;
void fragment()
{
	vec2 uv = COLOR.rg;
	COLOR.rgb = texture(color_map, uv).rgb;
}
```
![20230614_21h26m15s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/636c00f8-09e3-4be4-9784-787a3c35ae63)

But when I change the uniform parameter in the editor, it turned into this
![20230614_21h07m45s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/0ac2430d-33f5-4c4a-8cd0-bd2f76b575cf)

However, this issue does not appear on Vulkan renderer (Foward+ and Mobile) 

### Steps to reproduce

Change value in the gradient in the shader parameter.

### Minimal reproduction project

[shader-bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11746761/shader-bug.zip)

ERR_FAIL_COND(tex_from->is_proxy); 
	if (tex_to == tex_from) {
		return;
	}
	if (tex_to->canvas_texture) {
		memdelete(tex_to->canvas_texture);
		tex_to->canvas_texture = nullptr;
	}
	if (tex_to->tex_id) {
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_free_data(tex_to->tex_id);
		tex_to->tex_id = 0;
	}
	Vector<RID> proxies_to_update = tex_to->proxies;
	Vector<RID> proxies_to_redirect = tex_from->proxies;
	tex_to->copy_from(*tex_from);
	tex_to->proxies = proxies_to_update; 
	if (tex_to->canvas_texture) {
		tex_to->canvas_texture->diffuse = p_texture; 
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < proxies_to_update.size(); i++) {
		texture_proxy_update(proxies_to_update[i], p_texture);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < proxies_to_redirect.size(); i++) {
		texture_proxy_update(proxies_to_redirect[i], p_texture);
	}
	
	texture_owner.free(p_by_texture);
	texture_atlas_mark_dirty_on_texture(p_texture);
}
void TextureStorage::texture_set_size_override(RID p_texture, int p_width, int p_height) {