### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.arch_linux

### System information

Arch linux  - OpenGL API 4.2 (Core Profile) Mesa 21.3.9 Amber - Compatibility - Using Device: Intel Open Source Technology Center - Mesa DRI Intel(R) HD Graphics 2500 (IVB GT1)

### Issue description

I wrote a simple colorize shader:
```
uniform sampler2D color_map;
void fragment()
{
	vec2 uv = COLOR.rg;
	COLOR.rgb = texture(color_map, uv).rgb;
}
```
![20230614_21h26m15s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/636c00f8-09e3-4be4-9784-787a3c35ae63)

But when I change the uniform parameter in the editor, it turned into this
![20230614_21h07m45s_grim](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/68549456/0ac2430d-33f5-4c4a-8cd0-bd2f76b575cf)

However, this issue does not appear on Vulkan renderer (Foward+ and Mobile) 

### Steps to reproduce

Change value in the gradient in the shader parameter.

### Minimal reproduction project

[shader-bug.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11746761/shader-bug.zip)

{
#endif
			glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, rt->backbuffer, 0);
		}
	}
	if (rt->backbuffer_depth == 0 && uses_depth_texture) {
		glGenTextures(1, &rt->backbuffer_depth);
		glBindTexture(texture_target, rt->backbuffer_depth);
		if (use_multiview) {
			glTexImage3D(texture_target, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24, rt->size.x, rt->size.y, rt->view_count, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, nullptr);
		} else {
			glTexImage2D(texture_target, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24, rt->size.x, rt->size.y, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, nullptr);
		}
		GLES3::Utilities::get_singleton()->texture_allocated_data(rt->backbuffer_depth, rt->size.x * rt->size.y * rt->view_count * 3, "Render target backbuffer depth texture");
		glTexParameteri(texture_target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
		glTexParameteri(texture_target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
		glTexParameteri(texture_target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
		glTexParameteri(texture_target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
#ifndef IOS_ENABLED
		if (use_multiview) {
			glFramebufferTextureMultiviewOVR(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, rt->backbuffer_depth, 0, 0, rt->view_count);
		} else {
#else
		{
#endif
			glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, rt->backbuffer_depth, 0);
		}
	}
}
void TextureStorage::_clear_render_target(RenderTarget *rt) {