### Godot version

4.2.dev commit 013e8e3afb982d4b230f0039b6dc248b48794ab9

### System information

Any

### Issue description

The following code from [dialogic](https://github.com/coppolaemilio/dialogic) no longer works in 4.2-dev, but does in 4.1 and before:
```gdscript
class VariableFolder:
        var data = {}
        var path = ""
        var outside
        func _init(_data, _path, _outside):
                data = _data
                path = _path
                outside = _outside
        
        func _get(property):
                property = str(property)
                if property in data:
                        if typeof(data[property]) == TYPE_DICTIONARY:
                                return VariableFolder.new(data[property], path+"."+property, outside)  ### <====== ERROR ###
                        else:
                                return DialogicUtil.logical_convert(data[property])
        
        func _set(property, value):
                property = str(property)
                if not value is VariableFolder:
                        outside._set_value_in_dictionary(path+"."+property, outside.dialogic.current_state_info['variables'], value)
                        return true
                elif VariableFolder:
                        return true
```
On compilation this will give the error
```
SCRIPT ERROR: Compile Error: Identifier not found: VariableFolder
          at: GDScript::reload (res://addons/dialogic/Modules/Variable/subsystem_variables.gd:182)
```
(line 182 is the `VariableFolder.new` line)

i bisected it to the following commit, from #79880:
```
d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb is the first bad commit
commit d53fc92b4c6b5e4484e8f0bfff6ac55163dde3fb
Author: Danil Alexeev <danil@alexeev.xyz>
Date:   Tue Jul 25 14:21:49 2023 +0300

    GDScript: Fix bug with identifier shadowed below in current scope
```

### Steps to reproduce

i think the issue description is complete enough to allow reproduction, let me know if there's any problems.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A
}
					if (setter_function == nullptr) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Setter "%s" not found.)", member.variable->setter_pointer->name), member.variable);
					} else if (setter_function->parameters.size() != 1) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Function "%s" cannot be used as setter because of its signature.)", setter_function->identifier->name), member.variable);
					} else if (!is_type_compatible(member.variable->datatype, setter_function->parameters[0]->datatype, true)) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Function with argument type "%s" cannot be used as setter for a property of type "%s".)", setter_function->parameters[0]->datatype.to_string(), member.variable->datatype.to_string()), member.variable);
					} else {
						has_valid_setter = true;
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
						if (member.variable->datatype.builtin_type == Variant::FLOAT && setter_function->parameters[0]->datatype.builtin_type == Variant::INT) {
							parser->push_warning(member.variable, GDScriptWarning::NARROWING_CONVERSION);
						}
#endif
					}
				}
				if (member.variable->datatype.is_variant() && has_valid_getter && has_valid_setter) {
					if (!is_type_compatible(getter_function->datatype, setter_function->parameters[0]->datatype, true)) {
						push_error(vformat(R"(Getter with type "%s" cannot be used along with setter of type "%s".)", getter_function->datatype.to_string(), setter_function->parameters[0]->datatype.to_string()), member.variable);
					}
				}
			}
#ifdef DEBUG_ENABLED
			parser->ignored_warnings = previously_ignored_warnings;
#endif 
		}
	}
	parser->current_class = previous_class;
}
void GDScriptAnalyzer::resolve_class_body(GDScriptParser::ClassNode *p_class, bool p_recursive) {