### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

_sub_window_update(sw.window);
				} else {
					gui.subwindow_resize_mode = _sub_window_get_resize_margin(sw.window, mb->get_position());
					if (gui.subwindow_resize_mode != SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_DISABLED) {
						if (gui.subwindow_focused != sw.window) {
							
							_sub_window_grab_focus(sw.window);
						}
						gui.subwindow_resize_from_rect = r;
						gui.subwindow_drag_from = mb->get_position();
						gui.subwindow_drag = SUB_WINDOW_DRAG_RESIZE;
						click_on_window = sw.window;
					}
				}
			}
			if (!click_on_window && r.has_point(mb->get_position())) {
				
				if (gui.subwindow_focused != sw.window) {
					
					_sub_window_grab_focus(sw.window);
				}
				click_on_window = sw.window;
			}
			if (click_on_window) {
				break;
			}
		}
		gui.currently_dragged_subwindow = click_on_window;
		if (!click_on_window && gui.subwindow_focused) {