### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_positional_shadow_atlas_16_bits"), &Viewport::get_positional_shadow_atlas_16_bits);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_snap_controls_to_pixels", "enabled"), &Viewport::set_snap_controls_to_pixels);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_snap_controls_to_pixels_enabled"), &Viewport::is_snap_controls_to_pixels_enabled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_snap_2d_transforms_to_pixel", "enabled"), &Viewport::set_snap_2d_transforms_to_pixel);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_snap_2d_transforms_to_pixel_enabled"), &Viewport::is_snap_2d_transforms_to_pixel_enabled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_snap_2d_vertices_to_pixel", "enabled"), &Viewport::set_snap_2d_vertices_to_pixel);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_snap_2d_vertices_to_pixel_enabled"), &Viewport::is_snap_2d_vertices_to_pixel_enabled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "quadrant", "subdiv"), &Viewport::set_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv", "quadrant"), &Viewport::get_positional_shadow_atlas_quadrant_subdiv);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_input_as_handled"), &Viewport::set_input_as_handled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_input_handled"), &Viewport::is_input_handled);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_handle_input_locally", "enable"), &Viewport::set_handle_input_locally);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_handling_input_locally"), &Viewport::is_handling_input_locally);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_default_canvas_item_texture_filter", "mode"), &Viewport::set_default_canvas_item_texture_filter);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_default_canvas_item_texture_filter"), &Viewport::get_default_canvas_item_texture_filter);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_embedding_subwindows", "enable"), &Viewport::set_embedding_subwindows);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_embedding_subwindows"), &Viewport::is_embedding_subwindows);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_canvas_cull_mask", "mask"), &Viewport::set_canvas_cull_mask);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_canvas_cull_mask"), &Viewport::get_canvas_cull_mask);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_canvas_cull_mask_bit", "layer", "enable"), &Viewport::set_canvas_cull_mask_bit);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_canvas_cull_mask_bit", "layer"), &Viewport::get_canvas_cull_mask_bit);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_default_canvas_item_texture_repeat", "mode"), &Viewport::set_default_canvas_item_texture_repeat);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_default_canvas_item_texture_repeat"), &Viewport::get_default_canvas_item_texture_repeat);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_sdf_oversize", "oversize"), &Viewport::set_sdf_oversize);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_sdf_oversize"), &Viewport::get_sdf_oversize);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_sdf_scale", "scale"), &Viewport::set_sdf_scale);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_sdf_scale"), &Viewport::get_sdf_scale);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_mesh_lod_threshold", "pixels"), &Viewport::set_mesh_lod_threshold);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_mesh_lod_threshold"), &Viewport::get_mesh_lod_threshold);
	ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("_process_picking"), &Viewport::_process_picking);