### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.mono.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Windows 11, Forward+, Nvidia 3070 latest driver

### Issue description

When instancing many GPUParticles2D, occasionally the following error will be printed to the debugger console:

```
E 0:15:35:0980   compute_list_dispatch: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
  <C++ Error>    Method/function failed.
  <C++ Source>   drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:8007 @ compute_list_dispatch()
```

Massive artifacts coincide with this error. See example below:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/4622925/07b31c12-5388-4977-9c13-e91c8b6442fb

I am having difficulty recreating the exact conditions for this error. It seems to happen when many GPU particles are added to the tree at around the same time.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Instance many particles at once.

I realize this isn't helpful. I'm going to do more investigation to see if I can get more accurate reproduction steps.

### Minimal reproduction project

N/A yet
image_create_info.pNext = &format_list_create_info;
			ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(p_format.shareable_formats.find(p_format.format) == -1, RID(),
					"If supplied a list of shareable formats, the current format must be present in the list");
			ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(p_view.format_override != DATA_FORMAT_MAX && p_format.shareable_formats.find(p_view.format_override) == -1, RID(),
					"If supplied a list of shareable formats, the current view format override must be present in the list");
		}
	}
	if (p_format.texture_type == TEXTURE_TYPE_CUBE || p_format.texture_type == TEXTURE_TYPE_CUBE_ARRAY) {
		image_create_info.flags |= VK_IMAGE_CREATE_CUBE_COMPATIBLE_BIT;
	}
	/*if (p_format.type == TEXTURE_TYPE_2D || p_format.type == TEXTURE_TYPE_2D_ARRAY) {
		image_create_info.flags |= VK_IMAGE_CREATE_2D_ARRAY_COMPATIBLE_BIT;
	}*/
	ERR_FAIL_INDEX_V(p_format.texture_type, TEXTURE_TYPE_MAX, RID());
	image_create_info.imageType = vulkan_image_type[p_format.texture_type];
	ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(p_format.width < 1, RID(), "Width must be equal or greater than 1 for all textures");
	image_create_info.format = vulkan_formats[p_format.format];
	image_create_info.extent.width = p_format.width;
	if (image_create_info.imageType == VK_IMAGE_TYPE_3D || image_create_info.imageType == VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D) {
		ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(p_format.height < 1, RID(), "Height must be equal or greater than 1 for 2D and 3D textures");
		image_create_info.extent.height = p_format.height;
	} else {
		image_create_info.extent.height = 1;
	}
	if (image_create_info.imageType == VK_IMAGE_TYPE_3D) {
		ERR_FAIL_COND_V_MSG(p_format.depth < 1, RID(), "Depth must be equal or greater than 1 for 3D textures");
		image_create_info.extent.depth = p_format.depth;
	} else {
		image_create_info.extent.depth = 1;
	}