### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

if (co && co->is_inside_tree()) {
				if (p_clean_all_frames && p_paused_only && co->can_process()) {
					continue;
				}
				co->_mouse_shape_exit(E.key.second);
			}
		}
		shapes_to_erase.push_back(E.key);
	}
	while (shapes_to_erase.size()) {
		physics_2d_shape_mouseover.erase(shapes_to_erase.front()->get());
		shapes_to_erase.pop_front();
	}
}
void Viewport::_gui_grab_click_focus(Control *p_control) {
	gui.mouse_click_grabber = p_control;
	call_deferred(SNAME("_post_gui_grab_click_focus"));
}
void Viewport::_post_gui_grab_click_focus() {
	Control *focus_grabber = gui.mouse_click_grabber;
	if (!focus_grabber) {
		
		return;
	}
	gui.mouse_click_grabber = nullptr;
	if (gui.mouse_focus) {
		if (gui.mouse_focus == focus_grabber) {
			return;
		}
		BitField<MouseButtonMask> mask = gui.mouse_focus_mask;