### Godot version

v4.0.3.stable.official [5222a99f5]

### System information

Debian 11 | Vulkan API 1.2.175 - Forward+ - Using Vulkan Device #0: NVIDIA - NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 | nvidia-driver 470.182.03-1 from Debian 11 | Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz

### Issue description

Re-opening a scene in the editor that contains a `TextureRect` with a `ViewportTexture` and is `preload`ed in an unopened script produces the following error repeatedly and rapidly (about 200 times per second) until either the scene is closed or the script is also opened.

>ERROR: Texture (binding: 0) should provide one ID referencing a texture (IDs provided: 0).
>   at: uniform_set_create (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:5501)
>ERROR: Condition "!uniform_set" is true.
>   at: draw_list_bind_uniform_set (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7191)
>ERROR: Uniforms were never supplied for set (3) at the time of drawing, which are required by the pipeline
>   at: draw_list_draw (drivers/vulkan/rendering_device_vulkan.cpp:7346)

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open the attached reproduction project
2. Open demo.tscn
3. Close demo.tscn
4. Open demo.tscn again

Do **not** open other.gd beforehand. Doing so will stop the problem from occurring.

### Minimal reproduction project

[reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11681977/reproduce_uniform_not_set.zip)

SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_DISABLED,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_TOP_LEFT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_TOP,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_TOP_RIGHT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_LEFT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_RIGHT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_BOTTOM_LEFT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_BOTTOM,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_BOTTOM_RIGHT,
		SUB_WINDOW_RESIZE_MAX
	};
	struct SubWindow {
		Window *window = nullptr;
		RID canvas_item;
		Rect2i parent_safe_rect;
	};
	
	VRSMode vrs_mode = VRS_DISABLED;
	Ref<Texture2D> vrs_texture;
	struct GUI {
		bool forced_mouse_focus = false; 
		bool mouse_in_viewport = true;
		bool key_event_accepted = false;
		HashMap<int, ObjectID> touch_focus;
		Control *mouse_focus = nullptr;
		Control *last_mouse_focus = nullptr;
		Control *mouse_click_grabber = nullptr;
		BitField<MouseButtonMask> mouse_focus_mask;
		Control *key_focus = nullptr;