### Godot version

4.0.2.stable (7a0977c)

### System information

Ubuntu 22.04, x86_64, LLVM

### Issue description

When performing a dedicated server export with:
- a `ShaderMaterial` (a `canvas_item` shader used on a `Panel` in the example below)
- a build with `disable_3d=yes`

the resulting export gives the following error when run:
```
ERROR: Cannot get class 'PlaceholderMaterial'.
   at: instantiate (core/object/class_db.cpp:326)
ERROR: res://main.tscn:Resource of unrecognized type in file: PlaceholderMaterial.
   at: load (core/io/resource_format_binary.cpp:778)
ERROR: Failed loading resource: res://.godot/exported/206107301/export-3070c538c03ee49b7677ff960a3f5195-main.scn. Make sure resources have been imported by opening the project in the editor at least once.
   at: _load (core/io/resource_loader.cpp:223)
ERROR: Failed loading scene: res://main.tscn
   at: start (main/main.cpp:2965)
```

I would expect things to work here without an error - there's no 3D in use here and a normal export with the same build does run as expected.

### Steps to reproduce

1. Build godot with `disable_3d=yes`.
2. Create a new project, and add a `Panel` node.
3. Add a `canvas_item` shader as the material for the `Panel` node.
4. Perform a dedicated server export using the build from step 1.
5. Run the exported binary and observe the error.

### Minimal reproduction project

[DedicatedServer2DTest.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/11597444/DedicatedServer2DTest.zip)

#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_ccdik.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_fabrik.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_jiggle.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_lookat.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_physicalbones.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_stackholder.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_2d_twoboneik.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_modification_stack_2d.h"
#include "scene/resources/skeleton_profile.h"
#include "scene/resources/sky.h"
#include "scene/resources/sky_material.h"
#include "scene/resources/sphere_shape_3d.h"
#include "scene/resources/style_box.h"
#include "scene/resources/surface_tool.h"
#include "scene/resources/syntax_highlighter.h"
#include "scene/resources/text_file.h"
#include "scene/resources/text_line.h"
#include "scene/resources/text_paragraph.h"
#include "scene/resources/texture.h"
#include "scene/resources/theme.h"
#include "scene/resources/tile_set.h"
#include "scene/resources/video_stream.h"
#include "scene/resources/visual_shader.h"
#include "scene/resources/visual_shader_nodes.h"
#include "scene/resources/visual_shader_particle_nodes.h"
#include "scene/resources/visual_shader_sdf_nodes.h"
#include "scene/resources/world_2d.h"
#include "scene/resources/world_3d.h"
#include "scene/resources/world_boundary_shape_2d.h"