### Godot version

v4.1.1.stable.official [bd6af8e0e]

### System information

Godot v4.1.1.stable - Debian GNU/Linux trixie/sid trixie - Vulkan (Forward+) - dedicated NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1060 (nvidia) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (6 Threads)

### Issue description

`Area2D`s which extend beyond the bounds of the root viewport, eg. when using a `canvas_items` stretch mode, receive mouse input events even in the black bands letterboxing the game:

https://github.com/godotengine/godot/assets/441188/3beb962f-c1fa-4098-a375-f3d862013577


### Steps to reproduce

1. Set project stretch mode to either `canvas_items` or `viewport`
2. Have an `Area2D` whose `CollisionShape` extends beyond the bounds of the rendered region
3. Connect the `Area2D`'s `mouse_[entered|exited]` signal to something
4. Wave the mouse around in the black areas outside the rendered game

### Minimal reproduction project

Project used for video demo above:

[area2d-oob.zip](https://github.com/godotengine/godot/files/12207031/area2d-oob.zip)

This only demos `mouse_[entered|exited]`, but I first encountered this with the `Area2D.input_event` signal, where it received mouse clicks as well.
ERR_MAIN_THREAD_GUARD;
	Transform2D xform = get_screen_transform_internal();
	Vector2 gpos = xform.xform(p_position);
	Input::get_singleton()->warp_mouse(gpos);
}
void Viewport::_gui_sort_roots() {
	if (!gui.roots_order_dirty) {
		return;
	}
	gui.roots.sort_custom<Control::CComparator>();
	gui.roots_order_dirty = false;
}
void Viewport::_gui_cancel_tooltip() {
	gui.tooltip_control = nullptr;
	if (gui.tooltip_timer.is_valid()) {
		gui.tooltip_timer->release_connections();
		gui.tooltip_timer = Ref<SceneTreeTimer>();
	}
	if (gui.tooltip_popup) {
		gui.tooltip_popup->queue_free();
	}
}
String Viewport::_gui_get_tooltip(Control *p_control, const Vector2 &p_pos, Control **r_tooltip_owner) {