I want to test the ability of students to read a passage and answer questions about it. Could you please come up with a good question for the passage "In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II."? 

Which came first, the Union of Utrecht or the Act of Abjuration?