# Equivalent $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches for two-body
anti-triplet charmed baryon decays

Y. K. Hsiao<EMAIL_ADDRESS>School of Physics and Information
Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, China  Y. L. Wang
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>School of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal
University, Taiyuan, 030031, China  H. J. Zhao<EMAIL_ADDRESS>School of
Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan,
030031, China

###### Abstract

For the two-body ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays, where ${\bf B}_{c}$ denotes
the anti-triplet charm baryon and ${\bf B}(M)$ the octet baryon (meson), there
exist two theoretical studies based on the $SU(3)$ flavor [$SU(3)_{f}$]
symmetry. One is the irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ approach (IRA). In the
irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ representation, the effective Hamiltonian related to
the initial and final states forms the amplitudes for ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf
B}M$. The other is the topological-diagram approach (TDA), where the $W$-boson
emission and $W$-boson exchange topologies are drawn and parameterized for the
decays. As required by the group theoretical consideration, we present the
same number of the IRA and TDA amplitudes. We can hence relate the two kinds
of the amplitudes, and demonstrate the equivalence of the two $SU(3)_{f}$
approaches. We find a specific $W$-boson exchange topology only contributing
to $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\bf B}M$. Denoted by $E_{M}$, it plays a key role in
explaining ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}K_{S}^{0},\Sigma^{0}K_{S}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$.
We consider that $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$ and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to
p\pi^{0}$ proceed through the constructive and destructive interfering
effects, respectively, which leads to ${\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to
n\pi^{+})\gg{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{0})$ in agreement with the data.
With the exact and broken $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetries, we predict the branching
fractions of ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ to be tested by future measurements.

##  I introduction

In recent years, more and more charmed baryon decay channels have been
reanalyzed and discovered pdg ; Belle:2021btl ; Belle:2021gtf ; Belle:2021mvw
; Belle:2021zsy ; Belle:2021dgc ; Belle:2021avh ; BESIII:2022bkj . The most
observations come form ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$, where ${\bf B}_{c}$ denotes
the anti-triplet charmed baryon state, and ${\bf B}(M)$ the octet baryon
(meson). For example, Belle has newly reported the observation of
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to(\Lambda^{0}K_{S}^{0},\Sigma^{0}K_{S}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$
Belle:2021avh , and BESIII that of $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$
BESIII:2022bkj . For investigation, theoretical attempts have been given, such
as the factorization Gutsche:2018utw , pole model Cheng:2018hwl ; Zou:2019kzq
, quark model Korner:1992wi ; Niu:2020gjw ; Hsiao:2020gtc , current algebra
Groote:2021pxt , and final state interaction Yu:2020vlt ; Ke:2020uks , whose
calculations might be complicated. As the alternative approach, the $SU(3)$
flavor $[SU(3)_{f}]$ symmetry can avoid the model calculation.

There exist two $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches for the ${\bf B}_{c}$ decays. One is
the irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ approach (IRA), where the effective Hamiltonian
(${\cal H}_{\text{eff}}$) for the $c$ quark decays can be presented as the
irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ expression. As a consequence, ${\cal H}_{\text{eff}}$
connected to ${\bf B}_{c}$ and the final states induces the $SU(3)_{f}$
invariant amplitudes Savage:1989qr ; Savage:1991wu ; Sharma:1996sc ;
Lu:2016ogy ; Geng:2017mxn ; Geng:2019awr ; Geng:2019xbo ; Geng:2017esc ;
Geng:2018plk ; Geng:2018upx ; Hsiao:2019yur ; Geng:2020zgr ; Huang:2021aqu ;
Jia:2019zxi ; Wang:2017gxe ; Wang:2019dls ; Wang:2022kwe ; Geng:2018bow . The
other is the topological-diagram approach (TDA) Kohara:1991ug ; Chau:1995gk ;
Zhao:2018mov ; Hsiao:2020iwc ; Pan:2020qqo , where the $W$-boson emission
$(W_{\text{E}M})$ and $W$-boson exchange $(W_{\text{E}X})$ effects can be
drawn and parameterized as the topological amplitudes.

It is reasonable to regard IRA and TDA as the equivalent approaches for the
heavy hadron decays Chau:1995gk ; Zeppenfeld:1980ex ; He:2018php ; He:2018joe
; Hsiao:2020iwc ; Wang:2020gmn . However, He and Wang first point out that the
previous analyses using IRA and TDA could not consistently match He:2018php .
In the two-body $D$ and $B$ decays, one seeks the overlooked TDA amplitudes to
solve the mismatch problem He:2018php ; He:2018joe ; Wang:2020gmn . In the
two-body ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays, the mismatch problem remains
unsolved, which is due to the inconclusive TDA amplitudes involved in the
decays Chau:1995gk ; He:2018joe .

The equivalence should be in accordance with the equal number of the IRA and
TDA amplitudes. For instance, one derives two $SU(3)_{f}$ amplitudes and two
topological ones for ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}^{*}M$ Hsiao:2020iwc , where ${\bf
B}^{*}$ denotes the decuplet baryon. Without considering the singlet
contributions to the formation of $\eta_{1}$, there can be seven independent
IRA amplitudes in the ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays Savage:1989qr ;
Geng:2017esc ; He:2018joe , whereas TDA leads to six, seven, eight and sixteen
topological amplitudes from Refs. Zhao:2018mov , Groote:2021pxt ,
Kohara:1991ug ; Chau:1995gk  and He:2018joe , respectively. Clearly, the
unique unification of the two $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches is unavailable.
Therefore, we propose to clarify how many independent topological amplitudes
can actually exist, and newly unify the IRA and TDA amplitudes. We will
perform the numerical analysis, in order to demonstrate that the new
unification can accommodate the new data.

Figure 1: Topological diagrams for the ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays, where
the notations “[” and “]” denote the anti-symmetric quark orderings of the
anti-triplet charmed and octet baryon states, respectively.

##  II Formalism

For the anti-triplet charmed baryon decays, we present the effective
Hamiltonian for the $c\to uq\bar{q}^{\prime}$ decays as Buchalla:1995vs ;
Buras:1998raa

$\displaystyle{\cal H}_{c}\equiv{\cal H}_{eff}/(G_{F}/{\sqrt{2}})$
$\displaystyle=$
$\displaystyle\lambda_{q^{\prime}q}[c_{1}(\bar{u}q^{\prime})(\bar{q}c)+c_{2}(\bar{u}_{\beta}q^{\prime}_{\alpha})(\bar{q}_{\alpha}c_{\beta})]\,,$
(1)

where $G_{F}$ is the Fermi constant, and $\lambda_{q^{\prime}q}\equiv
V_{uq^{\prime}}V^{*}_{cq}$ denotes the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix
elements. Besides,
$(\bar{q}_{1}q_{2})=\bar{q}_{1}\gamma_{\mu}(1-\gamma_{5})q_{2}$ are quark
currents, and $(\alpha,\beta)$ represent the color indices. As $q^{(\prime)}$
takes the values $d$ and $s$, the decays with
$\lambda_{q^{\prime}q}=[V^{*}_{cs}V_{ud}$,
$V^{*}_{cs(d)}V_{us(d)},V^{*}_{cd}V_{us}]\simeq[1,s_{c}(-s_{c}),-s_{c}^{2}]$
are regarded as the Cabibbo-allowed (CA), singly Cabibbo suppressed (SCS), and
doubly Cabibbo suppressed (DCS) processes, respectively, where $\theta_{c}$ in
$s_{c}\equiv\sin\theta_{c}\simeq 0.22$ is the Cabibbo angle. Moreover, the
Wilson coefficient $c_{1(2)}$ is a scale ($\mu$)-dependent number, and we take
$\mu=m_{c}$ in the $c$ decays.

By omitting Lorentz structure, ${\cal H}_{c}$ is seen as ${\cal
H}_{c}\sim(\bar{q}_{i}q_{j}\bar{q}_{k})c$, where $q_{i}=(u,d,s)$ is a triplet
($3$) under the $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry. In IRA, ${\cal H}_{c}$ is decomposed as
two irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ forms, $6_{H}$ and $\overline{15}_{H}$, whereas
TDA only values the flavor changes of $c\to q_{i}\bar{q}_{j}q_{k}$ in ${\cal
H}_{c}$. Thus, the effective Hamiltonian can be rewritten as Savage:1989qr ;
Savage:1991wu ; Geng:2017esc ; Pan:2020qqo ; Hsiao:2020iwc

$\displaystyle{\cal H}_{\text{IRA}}=c_{-}{\epsilon^{ijl}\over
2}H(6)_{lk}+c_{+}H(\overline{15})_{k}^{ij}\,,\;{\cal
H}_{\text{TDA}}=H_{j}^{ki}\,,$ (2)

where $c_{\mp}=(c_{1}\mp c_{2})$, and the non-zero entries of $H(6)_{lk}$,
$H(\overline{15})_{k}^{ij}$ and $H_{j}^{ki}$ are given by Savage:1989qr ;
Hsiao:2020iwc

$\displaystyle
H_{22}(6)=2\,,\;H_{2}^{13}(\overline{15})=H_{2}^{31}(\overline{15})=1\,,\;$
$\displaystyle
H_{23,32}(6)=-2s_{c}\,,H_{2}^{12,21}(\overline{15})=-H_{3}^{13,31}(\overline{15})=s_{c}\,,$
$\displaystyle
H_{33}(6)=2s_{c}^{2}\,,\;H_{3}^{12,21}(\overline{15})=-s_{c}^{2}\,,\;$
$\displaystyle
H^{31}_{2}=1\,,\;H^{21}_{2}=-s_{c}\,,\;H^{31}_{3}=s_{c}\,,\;H^{21}_{3}=s_{c}^{2}\,.\;$
(3)

As the final states, the octet baryon and meson ($8_{\bf B}$ and $8_{M}$) have
components

$\displaystyle{\bf B}^{i}_{j}$ $\displaystyle:$
$\displaystyle(n,\;p,\;,\Sigma^{\pm,0},\Xi^{-,0},\;\Lambda)\,,$ $\displaystyle
M^{i}_{j}$ $\displaystyle:$
$\displaystyle(\pi^{\pm,0},\;K^{\pm},\;K^{0},\;\bar{K}^{0},\;\eta)\,,$ (4)

where the octet baryon can also be written as ${\bf
B}_{ijk}=\epsilon_{ijl}{\bf B}^{l}_{k}$. Moreover, the $\eta$ state mixes
$\eta_{q}=\sqrt{1/2}(u\bar{u}+d\bar{d})$ and $\eta_{s}=s\bar{s}$ as
$\eta=\eta_{q}\cos\phi-\eta_{s}\sin\phi$, where $\phi=(39.3\pm 1.0)^{\circ}$
is the mixing angle FKS . For the anti-triplet charmed baryon states
($\bar{3}_{c}$), $\Xi_{c}^{0}$, $\Xi_{c}^{+}$ and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}$ consist of
$(ds-sd)c$, $(su-us)c$ and $(ud-du)c$, respectively, and we present them in
the two forms,

$\displaystyle{\bf B}_{c}({\bf B}_{c\;i})$ $\displaystyle=$
$\displaystyle(\Xi_{c}^{0},-\Xi_{c}^{+},\Lambda_{c}^{+})\,,$
$\displaystyle{\bf B}_{c}({{\bf B}_{c}}^{ij})$ $\displaystyle=$
$\displaystyle\left(\begin{array}[]{ccc}0&\Lambda_{c}^{+}&\Xi_{c}^{+}\\\
-\Lambda_{c}^{+}&0&\Xi_{c}^{0}\\\
-\Xi_{c}^{+}&-\Xi_{c}^{0}&0\end{array}\right)\,.$ (8)

We can hence construct the amplitudes of ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ in IRA and
TDA, written as Kohara:1991ug ; He:2018joe ; Zhao:2018mov ; Pan:2020qqo ;
Hsiao:2020iwc

$\displaystyle{\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$ $\displaystyle=$ $\displaystyle{\cal
M}_{6}+{\cal M}_{\overline{15}}\,,$ $\displaystyle{\cal M}_{6}$
$\displaystyle=$ $\displaystyle a_{1}H_{ij}(6)T^{ik}{\bf
B}_{k}^{l}M_{l}^{j}+a_{2}H_{ij}(6)T^{ik}M_{k}^{l}{\bf
B}_{l}^{j}+a_{3}H_{ij}(6){\bf B}_{k}^{i}M_{l}^{j}T^{kl}\,,$
$\displaystyle{\cal M}_{\overline{15}}$ $\displaystyle=$ $\displaystyle
a_{4}H_{k}^{li}(\overline{15}){\bf B}_{c\,j}M_{i}^{j}{\bf B}^{l}_{k}+a_{5}{\bf
B}^{i}_{j}M^{l}_{i}H(\overline{15})^{jk}_{l}{\bf B}_{c\,k}$ $\displaystyle+$
$\displaystyle a_{6}{\bf B}^{k}_{l}M^{i}_{j}H(\overline{15})^{jl}_{i}{\bf
B}_{c\,k}+a_{7}{\bf B}^{l}_{i}M^{i}_{j}H(\overline{15})^{jk}_{l}{\bf
B}_{c\,k}\,,$ $\displaystyle{\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$ $\displaystyle=$
$\displaystyle T{{\bf B}_{c}}^{ab}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{abk}M_{j}^{i}+C{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{ab}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{abi}M_{j}^{k}+C^{\prime}{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{ab}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{ikb}M_{j}^{a}\,$ (9) $\displaystyle+$
$\displaystyle E_{\bf B}{{\bf B}_{c}}^{jb}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf
B}_{kab}M_{a}^{i}+E_{\bf B}^{\prime}{{\bf B}_{c}}^{jb}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf
B}_{kba}M_{a}^{i}\,$ $\displaystyle+$ $\displaystyle E_{M}{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{jb}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{iba}M_{a}^{k}+E_{M}^{\prime}{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{jb}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{iab}M_{a}^{k}+E^{\prime}{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{jb}H^{ki}_{j}{\bf B}_{ika}M_{a}^{b}\,,$

where $T^{ij}\equiv{\bf B}_{c\,k}\epsilon^{ijk}$, $a_{i}$ ($i=1,2,...,7$) are
the $SU(3)_{f}$ invariant amplitudes, and $(T,C^{(\prime)}$, $E_{{\bf
B}(M)}^{(\prime)},E^{\prime})$ the topological ones.

For ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$, $(c_{-},c_{+})$ in ${\cal H}_{c}$ are absorbed
into $a_{i}$ ($i=1,2,...,7$). Since one obtains $(c_{-},c_{+})=(1.65,0.79)$ as
a result of QCD corrections Li:2012cfa , $(a_{1},a_{2},a_{3})$ with $c_{-}$
[$(a_{4},a_{5},a_{6},a_{7})$ with $c_{+}$] are regarded as QCD-(dis)favored
parameters. Under the group theoretical consideration, we present $3_{c}\times
6_{H}\times 8_{\bf B}\times 8_{M}$ and $3_{c}\times\overline{15}_{H}\times
8_{\bf B}\times 8_{M}$ for ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ Pan:2020qqo , which lead
to 3 and 4 $SU(3)_{f}$ singlets to be in accordance with $a_{1,2,3}$ and
$a_{4,5,6,7}$, respectively. Hence, there can be seven independent IRA
amplitudes as those in Savage:1989qr ; Geng:2017esc ; He:2018joe .

For ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$, the topological amplitudes correspond to the
$W$-boson emission $(W_{\text{E}M})$ and $W$-boson exchange $(W_{\text{E}X})$
diagrams in Fig. 1(a-c) and Fig. 1(d-h), respectively. More specifically, $T$
and $C^{(\prime)}$ represent the external and internal $W_{EM}$ processes in
Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b(c), respectively. Compared to $T$ and $C^{(\prime)}$, the
$W_{EX}$ process ($E$) needs an additional gluon to connect a quark pair in
${\bf B}M$. Particularly, $E_{{\bf B}(M)}$ with the subscript ${\bf B}(M)$
stands for the $W_{EX}$ topology, where the baryon (meson) receives the quark
$q_{k}$ from the $c\to q_{k}$ transition $[$see Fig. 1e(g)$]$. Moreover,
$E_{{\bf B}(M)}^{\prime}$ presents the same topology as $E_{{\bf B}(M)}$
except that their baryon states have different quark orderings, that is, ${\bf
B}\sim(q_{a}-q_{k})q_{b}\,[(q_{i}-q_{a})q_{b}]$ for $E_{{\bf B}(M)}$ and ${\bf
B}\sim(q_{k}-q_{b})q_{a}\,[(q_{b}-q_{i})q_{a}]$ for $E_{{\bf B}(M)}^{\prime}$.
By contrast, $E^{\prime}$ parameterizes the $W_{EX}$ process in Fig. 1d, where
the meson receives no quark to relate to the $W$-boson.

Based on the $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry, TDA and IRA should have seven independent
amplitudes. Nonetheless, we derive eight TDA amplitudes. Since we find the
appearance of $(E^{\prime}-E_{\bf B}^{\prime})$ in the ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$
expansion, either $E^{\prime}$ or $E_{\bf B}^{\prime}$ can be redundant. We
thus reduce the TDA amplitudes to seven by choosing to work with the
convention of $E_{\bf B}^{\prime}=0$. Using ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}={\cal
M}_{\text{TDA}}$, we find the relations as

$\displaystyle(T,C,C^{\prime})=(a_{1}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2},-a_{1}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2},-2a_{1}+2a_{3})\,,$
$\displaystyle(E_{\bf
B},E_{M},E^{\prime})=(a_{4},-2a_{4}-2a_{7},-2a_{2}+a_{4}+a_{7})\,,$ (10)

and $E_{M}^{\prime}=E_{\bf B}$. We also obtain

$\displaystyle(a_{1},a_{2},a_{3})=(\frac{T-C}{2},-\frac{E_{M}+2E^{\prime}}{4},\frac{T-C+C^{\prime}}{2})\,,$
$\displaystyle(a_{4},a_{6},a_{7})=(E_{\bf B},T+C-E_{\bf B},-E_{\bf
B}-{E_{M}\over 2})\,,$ (11)

and $a_{5}=0$, such that we “topologize” the $SU(3)_{f}$ invariant amplitudes.

The $W_{EX}$ diagrams require $g\to q\bar{q}$ added to ${\bf B}M$, where
$q\bar{q}$ can be $u\bar{u}$, $d\bar{d}$, or $s\bar{s}$. Due to $m_{s}\gg
m_{u,d}$, it is possible that the exchange topologies with $g\to s\bar{s}$ can
cause the sizeable $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry breaking. Therefore, we denote
$E_{{\bf B},M}$, $E^{\prime}_{M}$ and $E^{\prime}$ with $g\to s\bar{s}$ by
$E_{{\bf B},M}^{(s)}$, $E_{M}^{\prime(s)}$ and $E^{\prime(s)}$, respectively,
for the ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays. Note that one has included the
$SU(3)_{f}$ breaking effect via the $W_{EX}$ diagrams, and demonstrated that
it can be applicable to $D\to PP(PV)$ Cheng:2019ggx  and ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf
B}^{*}M$ Hsiao:2020iwc .

In terms of the equations given by pdg

$\displaystyle{\cal B}({\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M)=\frac{G_{F}^{2}|\vec{p}_{{\bf
B}}|\tau_{{\bf B}_{c}}}{16\pi m_{{\bf B}_{c}}^{2}}|{\cal M}({\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf
B}M)|^{2}\,,$ $\displaystyle|\vec{p}_{{\bf B}}|=\frac{\sqrt{(m_{{\bf
B}_{c}}^{2}-m_{+}^{2})(m_{{\bf B}_{c}}^{2}-m_{-}^{2})}}{2m_{{\bf B}_{c}}}\,,$
(12)

we can compute the branching fraction to be used in the numerical analysis,
where $m_{\pm}=m_{{\bf B}}\pm m_{M}$, and $\tau_{{\bf B}_{c}}$ stands for the
${\bf B}_{c}$ lifetime, ${\cal M}({\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M)$ is from the full
expansion of ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$ and ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$ in Tables 1,
2 and 3.

Table 1: Cabibbo-allowed (CA) amplitudes in the expansions of ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$ and ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$, and $(s\phi,c\phi)\equiv(\sin\phi,\cos\phi)$. Decay mode |  $M_{\text{TDA}}$ |  $M_{\text{IRA}}$
---|---|---
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Lambda^{0}\pi^{+}$ | $-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(4T+C^{\prime}-E_{{\bf B}}-E^{\prime})$ | $-\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(a_{1}+a_{2}+a_{3}-\frac{a_{5}-2a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}\pi^{+}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(C^{\prime}+E_{{\bf B}}-E^{\prime})$ | $-\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{2}-a_{3}-\frac{a_{5}-a_{7}}{2})$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\pi^{0}$ | $-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(C^{\prime}+E_{{\bf B}}-E^{\prime})$ | $\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{2}-a_{3}-\frac{a_{5}-a_{7}}{2})$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}K^{+}$ | $E^{\prime(s)}$ | $-2(a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\bar{K}^{0}$ | $2C-E_{M}^{\prime}$ | $-2(a_{1}-\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\eta$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(C^{\prime}-E_{{\bf B}}+E^{\prime})c\phi-E_{M}^{\prime(s)}s\phi]$ | $\sqrt{2}c\phi(-a_{1}-a_{2}+a_{3}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{7}}{2})-s\phi a_{4}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\bar{K}^{0}$ | $-2C+C^{\prime}$ | $2(a_{3}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{+}$ | $-2T-C^{\prime}$ | $2(a_{3}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(2C+C^{\prime}-E_{M}-2E_{M}^{\prime}-E^{\prime})$ |  $-\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(2a_{1}-a_{2}-a_{3}$ $+\frac{2a_{5}-a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(2C-C^{\prime}+E_{M}+E^{\prime})$ | $-\sqrt{2}(a_{2}+a_{3}-\frac{a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{+}K^{-}$ | $-E_{M}-E^{\prime}$ | $2(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{{\bf B}}+C^{\prime})$ |  $-\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{3}$ $-\frac{a_{4}-a_{5}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}$ | $2T-E_{{\bf B}}$ | $2(a_{1}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{{\bf B}}-C^{\prime})c\phi+(E_{M}^{(s)}+E_{M}^{\prime(s)}+E^{\prime(s)})s\phi]$ |  $\sqrt{2}c\phi(a_{1}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}}{2})$ $-2s\phi(a_{2}+\frac{a_{7}}{2})$
Table 2: Singly Cabibbo-suppressed (SCS) amplitudes in the expansions of ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$ and ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$. Decay mode |  $M_{\text{TDA}}$ |  $M_{\text{IRA}}$
---|---|---
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Lambda^{0}K^{+}$ | $[-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-E^{(s)}_{{\bf B}}+E^{\prime(s)}+4T+C^{\prime})]s_{c}$ | $-\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(a_{1}-2a_{2}+a_{3}+\frac{3a_{4}-a_{5}+2a_{6}+2a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}K^{+}$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{\bf B}^{(s)}+C^{\prime})]s_{c}$ | $-[\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{3}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}}{2})]s_{c}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}K^{0}$ | $(-E_{M}^{\prime\,(s)}+C^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{1}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{4}-a_{5}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$ | $(-2T-C^{\prime}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{2}+a_{3}+\frac{a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{0}$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(2C-C^{\prime}-E_{{\bf B}}-E_{M}^{\prime}+E^{\prime})]s_{c}$ | $-[\sqrt{2}(a_{2}+a_{3}-\frac{a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})]s_{c}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\eta$ | $[-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(2C-C^{\prime}-E_{M}^{\prime}+E_{\bf B}-E^{\prime})c\phi-2Cs\phi]s_{c}$ | $-[\sqrt{2}c\phi(a_{2}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})-2s\phi(a_{1}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})]s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Lambda^{0}\pi^{+}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(T+C^{\prime}+E_{{\bf B}}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(a_{1}+a_{2}-2a_{3}-\frac{3a_{4}+a_{5}+a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}\pi^{+}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(-2T+E_{{\bf B}}-E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}-a_{5}+a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\pi^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(-2C-E_{{\bf B}}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}+a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}K^{+}$ | $-(2T+C^{\prime}-E^{\prime(s)})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{2}+a_{3}+\frac{a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to p\bar{K}^{0}$ | $(C^{\prime}-E_{M}^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{1}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{4}-a_{5}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\eta$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(2C-E_{{\bf B}}+E^{\prime})c\phi+(2C-C^{\prime}-E_{M}^{\prime(s)})s\phi]s_{c}$ | $-[\sqrt{2}c\phi(a_{1}+a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}+a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})+2s\phi(a_{3}-\frac{a_{6}}{2})]s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{+}\pi^{-}$ |  ($E_{M}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{-}\pi^{+}$ |  ($-2T+E_{{\bf B}})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{1}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\pi^{0}$ | $[-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}(-2C+2C^{\prime}+3E_{{\bf B}}+2E_{M}^{\prime}+E_{M}+E^{\prime})]s_{c}$ | $\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}}(a_{1}+a_{2}-2a_{3}-\frac{3a_{4}-a_{5}-a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{0}\pi^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{2}(2C+E_{M}+E_{B}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-(a_{1}+a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}-a_{5}+a_{6}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+}$ | $(-E_{{\bf B}}^{(s)}+2T)s_{c}$ | $2(a_{1}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}K^{0}$ | $(E_{M}^{(s)}+E_{M}^{\prime(s)}-C^{\prime}+E^{\prime(s)})s_{c}$ |  $2(a_{1}-a_{2}-a_{3}$ $+\frac{a_{5}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to pK^{-}$ | $(-E^{\prime}-E_{M})s_{c}$ | $2(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to n\bar{K}^{0}$ | $(C^{\prime}-E^{\prime}-E_{M}-E_{M}^{\prime})s_{c}$ | $-2(a_{1}-a_{2}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{5}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\eta$ | $-[\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}(-2C+2C^{\prime}+E_{M}-3E_{\bf B}+E_{M}^{\prime}+E^{\prime})c\phi$ | $-[\frac{\sqrt{3}c\phi}{3}(a_{1}+a_{2}-2a_{3}+\frac{3a_{4}+a_{5}+a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})$
| $+\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(-2E^{\prime(s)}-2C-C^{\prime}-2E_{M}^{(s)}-E_{M}^{\prime(s)})s\phi]s_{c}$ | $-\frac{\sqrt{6}s\phi}{3}(2a_{1}+2a_{2}-a_{3}+\frac{2a_{5}-a_{6}+2a_{7}}{2})]s_{c}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{0}\eta$ |  [$\frac{1}{2}(-2C+E_{M}+E_{B}-E^{\prime})c\phi-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(2C-C^{\prime}-E_{M}^{\prime(s)})s\phi]s_{c}$ | $-[-c\phi(a_{1}+a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{5}-a_{6}+a_{7}}{2})-\sqrt{2}s\phi(a_{3}-\frac{a_{6}}{2})]s_{c}$

##  III Numerical Analysis

In the numerical analysis, we adopt the CKM matrix elements and $(m_{{\bf
B}_{(c)}},\tau_{{\bf B}_{c}})$ from PDG pdg , where

$\displaystyle(V_{cs},V_{ud},V_{us},V_{cd})=(1-\lambda^{2}/2,1-\lambda^{2}/2,\lambda,-\lambda)\,,$
(13)

with $\lambda=s_{c}=0.22453\pm 0.00044$ in the Wolfenstein parameterization.
Making use of

$\displaystyle\chi^{2}=\Sigma_{i}[({\cal B}_{th}^{i}-{\cal
B}_{ex}^{i})/\sigma_{ex}^{i}]^{2}\,,$ (14)

we perform a minimum $\chi^{2}$-fit. As the theoretical input, ${\cal B}_{th}$
is calculated with the equations in Eq. (II) and ${\cal M}({\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf
B}M)$ in Tables 1 and 2. As the experimental input, ${\cal B}_{ex}$ can be
found in Tables 5 and 6, along with $\sigma_{ex}$ the experimental error.
Until very recently, only the upper limit of ${\cal B}_{ex}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to
p\pi^{0})>0.8\times 10^{-4}$ has been reported by Belle in Ref. Belle:2021mvw
, from which the likelihood distribution in Fig. 7 as a function of ${\cal
B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{+})$ can be used to estimate that ${\cal
B}_{ex}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{+})=(0.3\pm 0.3)\times 10^{-4}$.

We perform the global fit in the two scenarios. In the first scenario (S1), we
exactly preserve the $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry, such that $E_{{\bf
B},M}^{s}=E_{{\bf B},M}$, $E_{M}^{\prime s}=E_{M}^{\prime}$ and $E^{\prime
s}=E^{\prime}$. The topological amplitudes as complex numbers can be written
as

$\displaystyle|T|,|C|e^{i\delta_{C}},|C^{\prime}|e^{i\delta_{C^{\prime}}},|E_{\bf
B}|e^{i\delta_{E_{\bf
B}}},|E_{M}|e^{i\delta_{E_{M}}},|E^{\prime}|e^{i\delta_{E^{\prime}}}\,,$ (15)

where $T$ has been set as a relatively real number, and $E^{\prime}_{M}=E_{\bf
B}$ has been implied in Eq. (II).

In the second scenario (S2), we test the $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry breaking, which
is indicated by the ratio of ${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})$ to ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$,

$\displaystyle{\cal R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})$ $\displaystyle\equiv$
$\displaystyle\frac{{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})}{{\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})}=s_{c}^{2}\frac{(2T-E_{{\bf
B}}^{(s)})^{2}}{(2T-E_{{\bf B}})^{2}}\,.$ (16)

With $E_{\bf B}^{s}=E_{\bf B}$, we obtain ${\cal
R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})=s_{c}^{2}\simeq 0.05$ away from the data of $0.03\pm 0.01$ by
two standard deviation. Note that the IRA amplitudes would cause the same
deviation, when one investigates $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+}$ and
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}$ in IRA without considering the broken
$SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry Geng:2017mxn ; Geng:2019xbo ; Geng:2017esc ; Geng:2018plk
; Jia:2019zxi . Since ${\cal R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})$ suggests the existence of the
broken effect, we add $E_{\bf B}^{s}=E_{M}^{\prime\,s}=|E_{\bf
B}^{s}|e^{i\delta_{E_{\bf B}^{s}}}$ to the parameters in Eq. (15) for the S2
global fit. We thus determine the parameters in the two scenarios (S1 and S2),
given in Table 4. Moreover, we present our calculations in Tables 5, 6 and 7
for ${\cal B}({\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M)$ to be compared with the experimental
results and other theoretical calculations.

Table 3: Doubly Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) amplitudes in the expansions of ${\cal M}_{\text{TDA}}$ and ${\cal M}_{\text{IRA}}$. Decay mode |  $M_{\text{TDA}}$ |  $M_{\text{IRA}}$
---|---|---
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to pK^{0}$ | $(C^{\prime}-2C)s_{c}^{2}$ | $-2(a_{3}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to nK^{+}$ | $-(C^{\prime}+2T)s_{c}^{2}$ | $2(a_{3}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Lambda^{0}K^{+}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(2C+E_{{\bf B}}^{(s)}-2E^{\prime(s)}+2T)s_{c}^{2}$ | $\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(a_{1}-2a_{2}-2a_{3}-\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}-2a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}K^{+}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{{\bf B}}^{(s)}-2T)s_{c}^{2}$ | $\sqrt{2}(a_{1}-\frac{a_{5}-a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}K^{0}$ | $(2C-E_{M}^{\prime(s)})s_{c}^{2}$ | $2(a_{1}-\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$ | $-E^{\prime}s_{c}^{2}$ | $2(a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E^{\prime}-E_{\bf B}-E_{M}^{\prime})s_{c}^{2}$ | $\sqrt{2}(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{+}\to p\eta$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E^{\prime}+E_{\bf B}-E_{M}^{\prime})c\phi+C^{\prime}s\phi]s_{c}^{2}$ | $-[\sqrt{2}c\phi(a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})-2s\phi(a_{1}-a_{3}-\frac{a_{5}}{2})]s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}K^{0}$ | $-\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}}(2C-2C^{\prime}+2E_{M}^{(s)}+E_{M}^{\prime(s)}+2E^{\prime(s)})s_{c}^{2}$ | $\frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}(a_{1}-2a_{2}-2a_{3}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}-2a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{0}K^{0}$ | $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(-2C+E_{M}^{\prime(s)})s_{c}^{2}$ | $-\sqrt{2}(a_{1}+\frac{a_{5}-a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{-}K^{+}$ | $(-2T+E_{\bf B}^{(s)})s_{c}^{2}$ | $2(a_{1}+\frac{a_{5}+a_{6}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to n\pi^{0}$ | $-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{{\bf B}}+E_{M}^{\prime}+E_{M}+E^{\prime})s_{c}^{2}$ | $-\sqrt{2}(a_{2}-\frac{a_{4}-a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to p\pi^{-}$ | $(E_{M}+E^{\prime})s_{c}^{2}$ | $2(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})s_{c}^{2}$
$\Xi_{c}^{0}\to n\eta$ | $[\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}(E_{\bf B}-E_{M}^{\prime}+E_{M}+E^{\prime})c\phi+C^{\prime}s\phi]s_{c}^{2}$ | $[\sqrt{2}c\phi(a_{2}+\frac{a_{4}+a_{7}}{2})-2s\phi(a_{1}-a_{3}+\frac{a_{5}}{2})]s_{c}^{2}$
Table 4: Fit results of the topological parameters in S1 and S2 for the exact and broken $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetries, respectively. Besides, $(|T|,|C^{(\prime)}|,|E_{\bf B}^{(s)}|,|E_{M}|,|E^{\prime}|)$ are in units of GeV3, and $n.d.f$ the number of degrees of freedom. | TDA (S1) | TDA (S2)
---|---|---
$\chi^{2}$ | 4.5 | 5.7
$n.d.f$ | 5 | 4
$|T|$ | $0.23\pm 0.02$ | $0.24\pm 0.02$
$|C|$ | $0.26\pm 0.01$ | $0.23\pm 0.02$
$|C^{\prime}|$ | $0.34\pm 0.02$ | $0.32\pm 0.03$
$|E_{\bf B}|$ | $0.22\pm 0.03$ | $0.22\pm 0.05$
$|E_{\bf B}^{s}|$ |  | $0.37\pm 0.06$
$|E_{M}|$ | $0.40\pm 0.03$ | $0.38\pm 0.03$
$|E^{\prime}|$ | $0.24\pm 0.02$ | $0.23\pm 0.02$
$\delta_{C}$ | $(183.2\pm 9.6)^{\circ}$ | $(179.5\pm 12.9)^{\circ}$
$\delta_{C^{\prime}}$ | $(163.7\pm 5.0)^{\circ}$ | $(149.7\pm 6.7)^{\circ}$
$\delta_{E_{\bf B}}$ | $(-100.3\pm 7.1)^{\circ}$ | $(-93.6\pm 8.2)^{\circ}$
$\delta_{E_{\bf B}^{s}}$ |  | $(43.3\pm 8.0)^{\circ}$
$\delta_{E_{M}}$ | $(100.3\pm 8.0)^{\circ}$ | $(113.2\pm 10.7)^{\circ}$
$\delta_{E^{\prime}}$ | $(-71.1\pm 6.7)^{\circ}$ | $(-50.1\pm 12.3)^{\circ}$
Table 5: Cabibbo-allowed (CA) branching fractions. Branching fraction |  pole model Cheng:2018hwl ; Zou:2019kzq  |  IRA Geng:2019xbo ; IRA1c  |  IRA Huang:2021aqu  |  TDA Zhao:2018mov  | TDA [This work] (S1, S2) | Data
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Lambda^{0}\pi^{+}})$ | 1.30 | $1.27\pm 0.07$ | $1.307\pm 0.069$ | $1.32\pm 0.34$ | $(1.27\pm 0.22,1.24\pm 0.30)$ |  $1.31\pm 0.09$ BESIII:2022bkj
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{0}\pi^{+}})$ | 2.24 | $1.26\pm 0.06$ | $1.272\pm 0.056$ | $1.26\pm 0.32$ | $(1.22\pm 0.23,1.24\pm 0.30)$ |  $1.22\pm 0.11$ BESIII:2022bkj
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}\pi^{0}})$ | 2.24 | $1.26\pm 0.06$ | $1.283\pm 0.057$ | $1.23\pm 0.17$ | $(1.22\pm 0.23,1.24\pm 0.30)$ |  $1.25\pm 0.10$ pdg
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Xi^{0}K^{+}})$ | 0.73 | $0.57\pm 0.09$ | $0.548\pm 0.068$ | $0.59\pm 0.17$ | $(0.54\pm 0.07,0.51\pm 0.07)$ |  $0.55\pm 0.07$ pdg
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{p\bar{K}^{0}})$ | 2.11 | $3.14\pm 0.15$ | $3.174\pm 0.154$ | $3.14\pm 1.00$ | $(3.18\pm 0.64,3.10\pm 0.80)$ |  $3.18\pm 0.16$ pdg
$10^{2}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}\eta})$ | 0.74 | $0.29\pm 0.12$ | $0.45\pm 0.19$ | $0.47\pm 0.22$ | $(0.42\pm 0.18,0.57\pm 0.26)$ |  $0.44\pm 0.20$ pdg
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}\bar{K}^{0}})$ | 2.0 | $7.8^{+10.2}_{-\;\,7.8}$ | $10.6\pm 14.0$ | $24.1\pm 7.1$ | $(12.7\pm 7.0,14.7^{+10.7}_{-\,\,8.4})$ |
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Xi^{0}\pi^{+}})$ | 17.2 | $4.2\pm 1.7$ | $5.4\pm 1.8$ | $9.3\pm 3.6$ | $(7.0^{+3.3}_{-2.6},15.7\pm 6.2)$ |  $16.0\pm 8.0$ pdg
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0}})$ | 13.3 | $14.2\pm 0.09$ | $6.68\pm 1.30$ | $8.3\pm 5.0$ | $(9.85\pm 2.26,10.0\pm 2.9)$ |  $8.24\pm 2.44$ Belle:2021avh
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0}})$ | $0.4$ | $0.9^{+1.1}_{-0.9}$ | $1.38\pm 0.48$ | $7.9\pm 4.8$ | $(1.48^{+1.27}_{-0.92},1.46^{+1.57}_{-1.09})$ |  $1.38\pm 0.48$ Belle:2021avh
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{+}K^{-}})$ | $4.6$ | $7.6\pm 1.4$ | $2.21\pm 0.68$ | $22.0\pm 5.7$ | $(2.21^{+0.37}_{-0.16},2.25^{+1.8}_{-1.1})$ |  $2.21\pm 0.68$ Belle:2021avh
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}})$ | $18.2$ | $10.0\pm 1.4$ | $2.56\pm 0.93$ | $4.7\pm 0.9$ | $(6.0\pm 1.2,3.6\pm 1.2)$ |
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}})$ | 64.7 | $29.5\pm 1.4$ | $12.1\pm 2.1$ | $19.3\pm 2.8$ | $(24.5\pm 3.7,23.3\pm 4.5)$ |  $18.0\pm 5.2$ Belle:2021avh
$10^{3}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Xi^{0}\eta})$ | 26.7 | $13.0\pm 2.3$ |  | $8.3\pm 2.3$ | $(4.2^{+1.6}_{-1.3},7.3\pm 3.2)$ |

##  IV Discussions and Conclusions

Under the group theoretical consideration, we present the seven $SU(3)_{f}$
singlets for ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$, which are in agreement with the seven
independent IRA amplitudes in Eq. (II). Since TDA also relies on the
$SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry, there should exist seven independent TDA amplitudes. We
draw and parameterize eight TDA amplitudes as those using the topological-
diagram scheme Kohara:1991ug ; Chau:1995gk . By finding that either
$E^{\prime}$ or $E_{\bf B}^{\prime}$ is redundant, we reduce them to seven. We
hence obtain the unique relations in Eqs. (II) and (II), and demonstrate that
TDA and IRA are the equivalent $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches.

Confusingly, there can be six, seven and sixteen topological amplitudes from
Refs. Zhao:2018mov , Groote:2021pxt  and He:2018joe , respectively. In Ref.
Zhao:2018mov , the less TDA amplitudes reflects the fact that one disregards
the quark orderings for ${\bf B}_{(c)}$. It also fails to present the isospin
relation: ${\cal M}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{0}\pi^{+})=-{\cal
M}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to\Sigma^{+}\pi^{0})$. Although Ref. Groote:2021pxt
provides the seven TDA parameters, the equality of ${\cal
M}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})=-s_{c}{\cal M}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$
is not given, which disagrees with the $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches. In Ref.
He:2018joe , the sixteen amplitudes are due to that all possible quark
orderings of the octet baryon are taken into account, which can be reduced
with the identity ${\bf B}_{ijk}+{\bf B}_{kij}+{\bf B}_{jki}=0$ Kohara:1991ug
; Pan:2020qqo .

Table 6: Singly Cabibbo-suppressed (SCS) branching fractions. Branching fraction |  pole model Cheng:2018hwl ; Zou:2019kzq  |  IRA Geng:2019xbo ; IRA1c  |  IRA Huang:2021aqu  |  TDA Zhao:2018mov  | TDA [This work] (S1, S2) | Data
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Lambda^{0}K^{+}})$ | 10.7 | $6.6\pm 0.9$ | $6.4\pm 1.0$ | $5.9\pm 1.7$ | $(6.6\pm 1.4,6.9\pm 1.6)$ |  $6.1\pm 1.2$ pdg
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{0}K^{+}})$ | 7.2 | $5.2\pm 0.7$ | $5.04\pm 0.56$ | $5.5\pm 1.6$ | $(4.2\pm 0.8,4.9\pm 1.6)$ |  $5.2\pm 0.8$ pdg
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}K^{0}})$ | 14.4 | $10.5\pm 1.4$ | $2.06\pm 0.84$ | $19.1\pm 4.8$ | $(10.1\pm 1.8,17.5\pm 4.2)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{n\pi^{+}})$ | 2.7 | $7.6\pm 1.1$ | $3.5\pm 1.1$ | $7.7\pm 2.0$ | $(7.6\pm 1.7,8.3\pm 2.6)$ |  $6.6\pm 1.3$ BESIII:2022bkj
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{p\pi^{0}})$ | 1.3 | $1.1^{+1.3}_{-1.1}$ | $44.5\pm 8.5$ | $0.8^{+0.9}_{-0.8}$ | $(0.3^{+1.0}_{-0.3},0.4^{+1.7}_{-0.4})$ |  $0.3\pm 0.3\,(<0.8)$ Belle:2021mvw
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{p\eta})$ | 12.8 | $11.2\pm 2.8$ | $12.7\pm 2.4$ | $11.4\pm 3.5$ | $(14.2\pm 2.3,14.7\pm 2.8)$ |  $14.2\pm 1.2$ Belle:2021mvw
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Lambda^{0}\pi^{+}})$ | 8.5 | $12.3\pm 4.2$ | $5.6\pm 1.4$ | $13.9\pm 5.1$ | $(2.1\pm 1.1,0.2^{+0.5}_{-0.4})$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{0}\pi^{+}})$ | 43.0 | $26.5\pm 2.5$ | $31.8\pm 2.7$ | $13.4\pm 4.9$ | $(13.4\pm 2.0,13.3\pm 2.4)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}\pi^{0}})$ | 13.6 | $26.1\pm 6.7$ | $24.0\pm 20.0$ | $16.4\pm 3.2$ | $(28.2\pm 4.1,28.1\pm 5.6)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Xi^{0}K^{+}})$ | 22.0 | $7.6\pm 1.6$ | $9.0\pm 12.0$ | $12.3\pm 3.1$ | $(7.7\pm 2.5,14.1\pm 5.1)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{p\bar{K}^{0}})$ | 39.6 | $46.4\pm 7.2$ | $19.8\pm 16.6$ | $48.6\pm 12.2$ | $(25.3\pm 4.6,30.7\pm 7.5)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}\eta})$ | 3.2 | $15.0\pm 10.6$ | $12.0\pm 13.0$ | $14.1\pm 3.9$ | $(9.1\pm 3.2,24.0\pm 8.2)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{+}\pi^{-}})$ | 7.1 | $4.9\pm 0.9$ | $1.31\pm 0.49$ | $2.4\pm 1.5$ | $(1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5},1.3^{+1.1}_{-0.6})$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{-}\pi^{+}})$ | 26.2 | $18.3\pm 0.9$ | $8.0\pm 1.4$ | $11.1\pm 1.6$ | $(9.0\pm 2.5,8.5\pm 3.9)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Lambda^{0}\pi^{0}})$ | 2.4 | $3.1\pm 1.1$ | $4.4\pm 1.2$ | $1.0\pm 0.5$ | $(0.8\pm 0.5,0.9\pm 0.6)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{0}\pi^{0}})$ | 3.8 | $5.0\pm 0.9$ | $0.32\pm 0.90$ | $1.0\pm 0.5$ | $(0.4\pm 0.1,0.3\pm 0.1)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Xi^{-}K^{+}})$ | 39.0 | $12.8\pm 0.6$ | $4.70\pm 0.83$ | $5.6\pm 0.8$ | $(11.8\pm 1.8,4.1\pm 2.8)$ |  $3.9\pm 1.2$ pdg
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Xi^{0}K^{0}})$ | 13.2 | $9.6\pm 0.4$ | $3.8\pm 2.6$ | $6.3\pm 1.9$ | $(4.2^{+1.8}_{-1.5},14.6\pm 5.4)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{pK^{-}})$ | 3.5 | $6.0\pm 1.3$ | $2.6\pm 7.8$ | $2.5\pm 1.6$ | $(1.3^{+0.6}_{-0.5},1.3^{+1.1}_{-0.6})$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{n\bar{K}^{0}})$ | 14.0 | $10.7\pm 0.6$ | $3.6\pm 6.6$ | $7.8\pm 2.3$ | $(5.0^{+2.2}_{-1.8},5.6\pm 2.5)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Lambda^{0}\eta})$ | 8.1 | $7.9\pm 2.7$ |  | $2.6\pm 1.3$ | $(2.2\pm 0.6,0.6\pm 0.4)$ |
$10^{4}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{0}\eta})$ | 0.5 | $1.8\pm 1.1$ |  | $2.5\pm 1.3$ | $(4.0\pm 1.6,6.1\pm 1.7)$ |

The equivalent $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches are able to provide more information on
the hadronization in the ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ decays. For instance, we
derive $E_{M}^{\prime}=E_{\bf B}=a_{4}$ to reduce the topological diagrams
involved in the decays, and $a_{1}=(T-C)/2$ indicates that $a_{1}$ connects
the two $W$-emission topological amplitudes. With $a_{5}=0$, $a_{5}$ has no
topological correspondence. The QCD-disfavored parameters have been commonly
neglected in the numerical analyses Lu:2016ogy ; Geng:2017mxn ; Geng:2019awr ;
Geng:2019xbo ; Geng:2017esc ; Geng:2018plk ; Geng:2018upx ; Hsiao:2019yur ;
Geng:2020zgr , such as $(a_{4},a_{5},a_{6},a_{7})$ in the ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf
B}M$ decays. According to Eq. (II), we find that $(a_{4},a_{6},a_{7})$ are
associated with the topological parameters which can be sizeable. Therefore,
it is unlikely that the QCD disfavored parameters are negligible, whereas they
were commonly discarded.

In Eq. (16), since ${\cal R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})$ has indicated that one cannot
explain ${\cal B}_{ex}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})$ with the exact $SU(3)_{f}$
symmetry, it has been excluded in the S1 global fit. As a result,
$\chi^{2}/n.d.f=0.9$ presents a reasonable fit. We also include ${\cal
B}_{ex}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})$ for a test, which causes
$\chi^{2}/n.d.f=5.5$. We hence add $E_{\bf B}^{s}=E_{M}^{\prime\,s}=|E_{\bf
B}^{s}|e^{i\delta_{E_{\bf B}^{s}}}$ as the new parameters in the S2 global
fit, in order to accommodate ${\cal B}_{ex}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})$. It
turns out to be a reasonable fit with $\chi^{2}/n.d.f=1.4$, and ${\cal
B}_{th}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})=(4.1\pm 2.8)\times 10^{-4}$ can explain
the data. Moreover, we extract $|n_{q}|=1.2\pm 0.4$ and
$\delta_{n_{q}}=(50.3\pm 11.5)^{\circ}$ in $E_{\bf
B}^{s}=|n_{q}|e^{i\delta_{n_{q}}}E_{\bf B}$ as the measure of the $SU(3)_{f}$
symmetry breaking. One can study the broken $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry with IRA
Savage:1991wu ; Geng:2018bow . Without the topological indication in Eq. (16),
three IRA amplitudes should be introduced for the broken effects in ${\bf
B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ Geng:2018bow .

Table 7: Doubly Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) branching fractions. Branching fraction |  pole model Cheng:2018hwl ; Zou:2019kzq  |  IRA Geng:2019xbo ; IRA1c  |  IRA Huang:2021aqu ; IRA2c  |  TDA Zhao:2018mov  | TDA [This work] (S1, S2) | Data
---|---|---|---|---|---|---
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{pK^{0}})$ |  | $1.2^{+1.4}_{-1.2}$ | $1.5\pm 5.6$ | $3.7\pm 1.1$ | $(1.8^{+1.0}_{-0.8},2.1^{+1.5}_{-1.2})$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to{nK^{+}})$ |  | $0.4\pm 0.2$ | $4.8\pm 2.2$ | $1.4\pm 0.5$ | $(1.0\pm 0.5,2.2\pm 0.9)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Lambda^{0}K^{+}})$ |  | $3.3\pm 0.8$ | $3.65\pm 0.53$ | $7.5\pm 1.9$ | $(1.3^{+0.7}_{-0.6},4.6\pm 2.1)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{0}K^{+}})$ |  | $11.9\pm 0.7$ | $12.23\pm 0.57$ | $7.2\pm 1.8$ | $(10.3\pm 1.6,3.6\pm 1.4)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{\Sigma^{+}K^{0}})$ |  | $19.5\pm 1.7$ | $34.6\pm 2.2$ | $16.9\pm 5.4$ | $(18.1\pm 3.6,41.9\pm 8.1)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{n\pi^{+}})$ |  | $12.1\pm 2.8$ | $13.2\pm 3.5$ | $5.2\pm 1.5$ | $(4.7\pm 0.6,4.5\pm 0.6)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{p\pi^{0}})$ |  | $6.0\pm 1.4$ | $40.0\pm 49.0$ | $1.5\pm 1.5$ | $(2.8^{+1.6}_{-1.3},4.2^{+3.2}_{-2.4})$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to{p\eta})$ |  | $20.4\pm 8.4$ | $50.0\pm 120.0$ | $16.6\pm 3.1$ | $(7.0\pm 0.8,7.9\pm 1.0)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Lambda^{0}K^{0}})$ |  | $0.6\pm 0.2$ | $0.37\pm 0.84$ | $2.4\pm 1.4$ | $(0.1^{+0.2}_{-0.1},0.8^{+0.8}_{-0.6})$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{0}K^{0}})$ |  | $2.5\pm 0.2$ | $4.12\pm 0.19$ | $2.3\pm 1.4$ | $(3.0\pm 0.9,7.0\pm 1.4)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\Sigma^{-}K^{+}})$ |  | $6.1\pm 0.4$ | $3.28\pm 0.58$ | $5.5\pm 0.7$ | $(6.9\pm 1.0,2.4\pm 0.9)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{n\pi^{0}})$ |  | $1.5\pm 0.4$ | $2.6\pm 2.7$ | $3.3\pm 0.9$ | $(1.1^{+0.7}_{-0.5},1.1^{+1.1}_{-0.8})$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{p\pi^{-}})$ |  | $3.1\pm 0.7$ | $1.4\pm 43.0$ | $7.6\pm 2.0$ | $(0.7^{+0.4}_{-0.3},0.8\pm 0.6)$ |
$10^{5}{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{n\eta})$ |  | $5.2\pm 2.1$ |  | $4.2\pm 0.8$ | $(1.1^{+0.4}_{-0.2},0.8^{+0.4}_{-0.3})$ |

As can be seen in Tables 5 and 6, the pole model Cheng:2018hwl ; Zou:2019kzq ,
IRA with the neglecting of $(a_{4},a_{5},a_{7})$ Geng:2019xbo , and TDA of
this work (S1) all lead to ${\cal R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})\simeq 0.05$. It seems that
TDA of Ref. Zhao:2018mov  gives the consistent ${\cal R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})\simeq
0.03$; it is, however, based on ${\cal M}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}K^{+})\neq-
s_{c}{\cal M}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$ inconsistent with the other
$SU(3)_{f}$ approaches. By contrast, the recent global fit using IRA without
neglecting the QCD-disfavored parameters can present ${\cal
R}(\Xi_{c}^{0})\simeq 0.04$ close to the data Huang:2021aqu , where the
amplitudes are considered to depend on the actual particle masses.

According to our numerical results, the equivalent $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches are
able to interpret the new data, that is, ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$
and ${\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+},p\pi^{0},p\eta)$. Particularly, we
find that the topology $E_{M}$ only contributes to $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to{\bf B}M$,
but neglected in the pole model of Ref. Zou:2019kzq  and IRA of Ref.
Geng:2019xbo . $E_{M}$ plays a key role in explaining ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$.
For example, since $E_{M}=-2a_{4}-2a_{7}$ largely cancels
$E^{\prime}=-2a_{2}+a_{4}+a_{7}$ in ${\cal
M}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{+}K^{-})=(E_{M}+E^{\prime})s_{c}$, ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$ can be as small as $2.0\times 10^{-3}$. As
a test, we set $E_{M}=0$, which results in ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})\simeq(19.3,4.6,4.4)\times
10^{-3}$ deviating from the data.

For $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$ and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{0}$, the pole
model predicts the destructive interferences between the factorizable and non-
factorizable amplitudes, leading to ${\cal B}_{th}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to
n\pi^{+},p\pi^{0})\simeq(2.7,1.3)\times 10^{-4}$ Cheng:2018hwl , whereas
${\cal B}_{ex}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+})\gg{\cal B}_{ex}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to
p\pi^{0})$ BESIII:2022bkj ; Belle:2021mvw . Here, we can present ${\cal
M}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+},p\pi^{0})\sim(A+B,A-B)$ with
$(A,B)=(a_{2}+a_{3}-a_{7}/2,a_{6}/2)$, such that $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+}$
and $\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p\pi^{0}$ can be viewed to proceed through the
constructive and destructive interferences, respectively. Since the
$SU(3)_{f}$ symmetry predicts ${\cal M}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}K^{+})={\cal
M}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+})$, one should have ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}K^{+})\simeq{\cal R}_{d}{\cal
B}_{ex}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+})\simeq(12-18)\times 10^{-4}$ with ${\cal
R}_{d}=2.4$ the ratio of the dynamical factors in Eq. (II), which is
consistent with our predictions in Table 6. Therefore, ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{+}\to\Xi^{0}K^{+})$ compared to future measurements can be used to
test the validity of the $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches.

In summary, we have studied the two-body anti-triplet charmed baryon decays
using the irreducible $SU(3)_{f}$ approach (IRA) and topological-diagram
approach (TDA). Due to the group theoretical consideration, we have presented
that there can be the same number of the IRA and TDA amplitudes. We have hence
found out the unique relations, and demonstrated that IRA and TDA are the
equivalent $SU(3)_{f}$ approaches. We have explained the recently measured
branching fractions, that is, ${\cal
B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Lambda^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{0}\bar{K}^{0},\Sigma^{+}K^{-})$
and ${\cal B}(\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to n\pi^{+},p\pi^{0},p\eta)$. Moreover, we have
predicted the branching fractions of ${\bf B}_{c}\to{\bf B}M$ under the exact
and broken $SU(3)_{f}$ symmetries, which can be tested by future measurements.

## ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We would like to thank Prof. X. G. He, Prof. C. P. Shen and Dr. Yang Li for
useful discussions. We would also like to thank Prof. Wei Wang for valuable
comments, and Dr. Jin Sun for pointing out the typos. This work was supported
in part by National Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 11675030 and No.
12175128).

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VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Steen0009-0006-4366-3463, S. Summers0000-0003-4244-2061, D.
Treille0009-0005-5952-9843, P. Tropea0000-0003-1899-2266, A. Tsirou, D.
Walter0000-0001-8584-9705, J. Wanczyk610000-0002-8562-1863, K.A.
Wozniak0000-0002-4395-1581, P. Zehetner0009-0002-0555-4697, P.
Zejdl0000-0001-9554-7815, W.D. Zeuner

Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland T.
Bevilacqua620000-0001-9791-2353, L. Caminada620000-0001-5677-6033, A.
Ebrahimi0000-0003-4472-867X, W. Erdmann0000-0001-9964-249X, R.
Horisberger0000-0002-5594-1321, Q. Ingram0000-0002-9576-055X, H.C.
Kaestli0000-0003-1979-7331, D. Kotlinski0000-0001-5333-4918, C.
Lange0000-0002-3632-3157, M. Missiroli620000-0002-1780-1344, L.
Noehte620000-0001-6125-7203, T. Rohe0009-0005-6188-7754

ETH Zurich - Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich,
Switzerland T.K. Aarrestad0000-0002-7671-243X, K.
Androsov610000-0003-2694-6542, M. Backhaus0000-0002-5888-2304, A.
Calandri0000-0001-7774-0099, K. Datta0000-0002-6674-0015, A. De
Cosa0000-0003-2533-2856, G. Dissertori0000-0002-4549-2569, M. Dittmar, M.
Donegà0000-0001-9830-0412, F. Eble0009-0002-0638-3447, M.
Galli0000-0002-9408-4756, K. Gedia0009-0006-0914-7684, F.
Glessgen0000-0001-5309-1960, C. Grab0000-0002-6182-3380, D.
Hits0000-0002-3135-6427, W. Lustermann0000-0003-4970-2217, A.-M.
Lyon0009-0004-1393-6577, R.A. Manzoni0000-0002-7584-5038, L.
Marchese0000-0001-6627-8716, C. Martin Perez0000-0003-1581-6152, A.
Mascellani610000-0001-6362-5356, F. Nessi-Tedaldi0000-0002-4721-7966, F.
Pauss0000-0002-3752-4639, V. Perovic0009-0002-8559-0531, S.
Pigazzini0000-0002-8046-4344, M.G. Ratti0000-0003-1777-7855, M.
Reichmann0000-0002-6220-5496, C. Reissel0000-0001-7080-1119, T.
Reitenspiess0000-0002-2249-0835, B. Ristic0000-0002-8610-1130, F.
Riti0000-0002-1466-9077, D. Ruini, D.A. Sanz Becerra0000-0002-6610-4019, R.
Seidita0000-0002-3533-6191, J. Steggemann610000-0003-4420-5510, D.
Valsecchi0000-0001-8587-8266, R. Wallny0000-0001-8038-1613

Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland C. Amsler630000-0002-7695-501X, P.
Bärtschi0000-0002-8842-6027, C. Botta0000-0002-8072-795X, D. Brzhechko, M.F.
Canelli0000-0001-6361-2117, K. Cormier0000-0001-7873-3579, A. De
Wit0000-0002-5291-1661, R. Del Burgo, J.K. Heikkilä0000-0002-0538-1469, M.
Huwiler0000-0002-9806-5907, W. Jin0009-0009-8976-7702, A.
Jofrehei0000-0002-8992-5426, B. Kilminster0000-0002-6657-0407, S.
Leontsinis0000-0002-7561-6091, S.P. Liechti0000-0002-1192-1628, A.
Macchiolo0000-0003-0199-6957, P. Meiring0009-0001-9480-4039, V.M.
Mikuni0000-0002-1579-2421, U. Molinatti0000-0002-9235-3406, I.
Neutelings0009-0002-6473-1403, A. Reimers0000-0002-9438-2059, P. Robmann, S.
Sanchez Cruz0000-0002-9991-195X, K. Schweiger0000-0002-5846-3919, M.
Senger0000-0002-1992-5711, Y. Takahashi0000-0001-5184-2265

National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan C. Adloff64, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin,
P.K. Rout0000-0001-8149-6180, P.C. Tiwari390000-0002-3667-3843, S.S.
Yu0000-0002-6011-8516

National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan L. Ceard, Y.
Chao0000-0002-5976-318X, K.F. Chen0000-0003-1304-3782, P.s. Chen, W.-S.
Hou0000-0002-4260-5118, Y.w. Kao, R. Khurana, G. Kole0000-0002-3285-1497, Y.y.
Li0000-0003-3598-556X, R.-S. Lu0000-0001-6828-1695, E.
Paganis0000-0002-1950-8993, A. Psallidas, J. Thomas-
Wilsker0000-0003-1293-4153, H.y. Wu, E. Yazgan0000-0001-5732-7950

Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok,
Thailand C. Asawatangtrakuldee0000-0003-2234-7219, N.
Srimanobhas0000-0003-3563-2959, V. Wachirapusitanand0000-0001-8251-5160

Çukurova University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana,
Turkey D. Agyel0000-0002-1797-8844, F. Boran0000-0002-3611-390X, Z.S.
Demiroglu0000-0001-7977-7127, F. Dolek0000-0001-7092-5517, I.
Dumanoglu650000-0002-0039-5503, E. Eskut0000-0001-8328-3314, Y.
Guler660000-0001-7598-5252, E. Gurpinar Guler660000-0002-6172-0285, C.
Isik0000-0002-7977-0811, O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu0000-0002-3169-4573, U.
Kiminsu0000-0001-6940-7800, G. Onengut0000-0002-6274-4254, K.
Ozdemir670000-0002-0103-1488, A. Polatoz0000-0001-9516-0821, B.
Tali680000-0002-7447-5602, U.G. Tok0000-0002-3039-021X, S.
Turkcapar0000-0003-2608-0494, E. Uslan0000-0002-2472-0526, I.S.
Zorbakir0000-0002-5962-2221

Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey K.
Ocalan690000-0002-8419-1400, M. Yalvac700000-0003-4915-9162

Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey B. Akgun0000-0001-8888-3562, I.O.
Atakisi0000-0002-9231-7464, E. Gülmez0000-0002-6353-518X, M.
Kaya710000-0003-2890-4493, O. Kaya720000-0002-8485-3822, S.
Tekten730000-0002-9624-5525

Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey A. Cakir0000-0002-8627-7689,
K. Cankocak650000-0002-3829-3481, Y. Komurcu0000-0002-7084-030X, S.
Sen740000-0001-7325-1087

Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey O. Aydilek0000-0002-2567-6766, S.
Cerci680000-0002-8702-6152, V. Epshteyn0000-0002-8863-6374, B.
Hacisahinoglu0000-0002-2646-1230, I. Hos750000-0002-7678-1101, B.
Isildak760000-0002-0283-5234, B. Kaynak0000-0003-3857-2496, S.
Ozkorucuklu0000-0001-5153-9266, H. Sert0000-0003-0716-6727, C.
Simsek0000-0002-7359-8635, D. Sunar Cerci680000-0002-5412-4688, C.
Zorbilmez0000-0002-5199-061X

Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of
Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine A. Boyaryntsev0000-0001-9252-0430, B.
Grynyov0000-0003-1700-0173

National Science Centre, Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv,
Ukraine L. Levchuk0000-0001-5889-7410

University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom D. Anthony0000-0002-5016-8886,
J.J. Brooke0000-0003-2529-0684, A. Bundock0000-0002-2916-6456, E.
Clement0000-0003-3412-4004, D. Cussans0000-0001-8192-0826, H.
Flacher0000-0002-5371-941X, M. Glowacki, J. Goldstein0000-0003-1591-6014, H.F.
Heath0000-0001-6576-9740, L. Kreczko0000-0003-2341-8330, B.
Krikler0000-0001-9712-0030, S. Paramesvaran0000-0003-4748-8296, S. Seif El
Nasr-Storey, V.J. Smith0000-0003-4543-2547, N. Stylianou770000-0002-0113-6829,
K. Walkingshaw Pass, R. White0000-0001-5793-526X

Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom A.H. Ball, K.W.
Bell0000-0002-2294-5860, A. Belyaev780000-0002-1733-4408, C.
Brew0000-0001-6595-8365, R.M. Brown0000-0002-6728-0153, D.J.A.
Cockerill0000-0003-2427-5765, C. Cooke0000-0003-3730-4895, K.V. Ellis, K.
Harder0000-0002-2965-6973, S. Harper0000-0001-5637-2653, M.-L.
Holmberg790000-0002-9473-5985, Sh. Jain0000-0003-1770-5309, J.
Linacre0000-0001-7555-652X, K. Manolopoulos, D.M. Newbold0000-0002-9015-9634,
E. Olaiya, D. Petyt0000-0002-2369-4469, T. Reis0000-0003-3703-6624, G.
Salvi0000-0002-2787-1063, T. Schuh, C.H. Shepherd-
Themistocleous0000-0003-0551-6949, I.R. Tomalin0000-0003-2419-4439, T.
Williams0000-0002-8724-4678

Imperial College, London, United Kingdom R. Bainbridge0000-0001-9157-4832, P.
Bloch0000-0001-6716-979X, C.E. Brown0000-0002-7766-6615, O. Buchmuller, V.
Cacchio, C.A. Carrillo Montoya0000-0002-6245-6535, V.
Cepaitis0000-0002-4809-4056, G.S. Chahal800000-0003-0320-4407, D.
Colling0000-0001-9959-4977, J.S. Dancu, P. Dauncey0000-0001-6839-9466, G.
Davies0000-0001-8668-5001, J. Davies, M. Della Negra0000-0001-6497-8081, S.
Fayer, G. Fedi0000-0001-9101-2573, G. Hall0000-0002-6299-8385, M.H.
Hassanshahi0000-0001-6634-4517, A. Howard, G. Iles0000-0002-1219-5859, J.
Langford0000-0002-3931-4379, L. Lyons0000-0001-7945-9188, A.-M.
Magnan0000-0002-4266-1646, S. Malik, A. Martelli0000-0003-3530-2255, M.
Mieskolainen0000-0001-8893-7401, J. Nash810000-0003-0607-6519, M. Pesaresi,
B.C. Radburn-Smith0000-0003-1488-9675, A. Richards, A.
Rose0000-0002-9773-550X, C. Seez0000-0002-1637-5494, R.
Shukla0000-0001-5670-5497, A. Tapper0000-0003-4543-864X, K.
Uchida0000-0003-0742-2276, G.P. Uttley0009-0002-6248-6467, L.H. Vage, T.
Virdee280000-0001-7429-2198, M. Vojinovic0000-0001-8665-2808, N.
Wardle0000-0003-1344-3356, D. Winterbottom0000-0003-4582-150X

Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom K. Coldham, J.E.
Cole0000-0001-5638-7599, A. Khan, P. Kyberd0000-0002-7353-7090, I.D.
Reid0000-0002-9235-779X

Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA S. Abdullin0000-0003-4885-6935, A.
Brinkerhoff0000-0002-4819-7995, B. Caraway0000-0002-6088-2020, J.
Dittmann0000-0002-1911-3158, K. Hatakeyama0000-0002-6012-2451, J.
Hiltbrand0000-0003-1691-5937, A.R. Kanuganti0000-0002-0789-1200, B.
McMaster0000-0002-4494-0446, M. Saunders0000-0003-1572-9075, S.
Sawant0000-0002-1981-7753, C. Sutantawibul0000-0003-0600-0151, M.
Toms0000-0002-7703-3973, J. Wilson0000-0002-5672-7394

Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA R.
Bartek0000-0002-1686-2882, A. Dominguez0000-0002-7420-5493, C. Huerta
Escamilla, A.E. Simsek0000-0002-9074-2256, R. Uniyal0000-0001-7345-6293, A.M.
Vargas Hernandez0000-0002-8911-7197

The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA R.
Chudasama0009-0007-8848-6146, S.I. Cooper0000-0002-4618-0313, S.V.
Gleyzer0000-0002-6222-8102, C.U. Perez0000-0002-6861-2674, P.
Rumerio820000-0002-1702-5541, E. Usai0000-0001-9323-2107, C.
West0000-0003-4460-2241

Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA A. Akpinar0000-0001-7510-6617,
A. Albert0000-0003-2369-9507, D. Arcaro0000-0001-9457-8302, C.
Cosby0000-0003-0352-6561, Z. Demiragli0000-0001-8521-737X, C.
Erice0000-0002-6469-3200, E. Fontanesi0000-0002-0662-5904, D.
Gastler0009-0000-7307-6311, J. Rohlf0000-0001-6423-9799, K.
Salyer0000-0002-6957-1077, D. Sperka0000-0002-4624-2019, D.
Spitzbart0000-0003-2025-2742, I. Suarez0000-0002-5374-6995, A.
Tsatsos0000-0001-8310-8911, S. Yuan0000-0002-2029-024X

Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA G. Benelli0000-0003-4461-8905,
X. Coubez23, D. Cutts0000-0003-1041-7099, M. Hadley0000-0002-7068-4327, U.
Heintz0000-0002-7590-3058, J.M. Hogan830000-0002-8604-3452, T.
Kwon0000-0001-9594-6277, G. Landsberg0000-0002-4184-9380, K.T.
Lau0000-0003-1371-8575, D. Li0000-0003-0890-8948, J. Luo0000-0002-4108-8681,
M. Narain0000-0002-7857-7403, N. Pervan0000-0002-8153-8464, S.
Sagir840000-0002-2614-5860, F. Simpson0000-0001-8944-9629, W.Y. Wong, X.
Yan0000-0002-6426-0560, D. Yu0000-0001-5921-5231, W. Zhang

University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA S.
Abbott0000-0002-7791-894X, J. Bonilla0000-0002-6982-6121, C.
Brainerd0000-0002-9552-1006, R. Breedon0000-0001-5314-7581, M. Calderon De La
Barca Sanchez0000-0001-9835-4349, M. Chertok0000-0002-2729-6273, M.
Citron0000-0001-6250-8465, J. Conway0000-0003-2719-5779, P.T.
Cox0000-0003-1218-2828, R. Erbacher0000-0001-7170-8944, G.
Haza0009-0001-1326-3956, F. Jensen0000-0003-3769-9081, O.
Kukral0009-0007-3858-6659, G. Mocellin0000-0002-1531-3478, M.
Mulhearn0000-0003-1145-6436, D. Pellett0009-0000-0389-8571, B.
Regnery0000-0003-1539-923X, W. Wei, Y. Yao0000-0002-5990-4245, F.
Zhang0000-0002-6158-2468

University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA M.
Bachtis0000-0003-3110-0701, R. Cousins0000-0002-5963-0467, A.
Datta0000-0003-2695-7719, J. Hauser0000-0002-9781-4873, M.
Ignatenko0000-0001-8258-5863, M.A. Iqbal0000-0001-8664-1949, T.
Lam0000-0002-0862-7348, E. Manca0000-0001-8946-655X, W.A.
Nash0009-0004-3633-8967, D. Saltzberg0000-0003-0658-9146, B.
Stone0000-0002-9397-5231, V. Valuev0000-0002-0783-6703

University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA R.
Clare0000-0003-3293-5305, M. Gordon, G. Hanson0000-0002-7273-4009, W.
Si0000-0002-5879-6326, S.
Wimpenny${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$0000-0003-0505-4908

University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA J.G.
Branson0009-0009-5683-4614, S. Cittolin0000-0002-0922-9587, S.
Cooperstein0000-0003-0262-3132, D. Diaz0000-0001-6834-1176, J.
Duarte0000-0002-5076-7096, R. Gerosa0000-0001-8359-3734, L.
Giannini0000-0002-5621-7706, J. Guiang0000-0002-2155-8260, R.
Kansal0000-0003-2445-1060, V. Krutelyov0000-0002-1386-0232, R.
Lee0009-0000-4634-0797, J. Letts0000-0002-0156-1251, M.
Masciovecchio0000-0002-8200-9425, F. Mokhtar0000-0003-2533-3402, M.
Pieri0000-0003-3303-6301, M. Quinnan0000-0003-2902-5597, B.V. Sathia
Narayanan0000-0003-2076-5126, V. Sharma0000-0003-1736-8795, M.
Tadel0000-0001-8800-0045, E. Vourliotis0000-0002-2270-0492, F.
Würthwein0000-0001-5912-6124, Y. Xiang0000-0003-4112-7457, A.
Yagil0000-0002-6108-4004

University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa
Barbara, California, USA L. Brennan, C. Campagnari0000-0002-8978-8177, G.
Collura0000-0002-4160-1844, A. Dorsett0000-0001-5349-3011, J.
Incandela0000-0001-9850-2030, M. Kilpatrick0000-0002-2602-0566, J.
Kim0000-0002-2072-6082, A.J. Li0000-0002-3895-717X, P.
Masterson0000-0002-6890-7624, H. Mei0000-0002-9838-8327, M.
Oshiro0000-0002-2200-7516, J. Richman0000-0002-5189-146X, U.
Sarica0000-0002-1557-4424, R. Schmitz0000-0003-2328-677X, F.
Setti0000-0001-9800-7822, J. Sheplock0000-0002-8752-1946, D.
Stuart0000-0002-4965-0747, S. Wang0000-0001-7887-1728

California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA A.
Bornheim0000-0002-0128-0871, O. Cerri, A. Latorre, J.M.
Lawhorn0000-0002-8597-9259, J. Mao0009-0002-8988-9987, H.B.
Newman0000-0003-0964-1480, T. Q. Nguyen0000-0003-3954-5131, M.
Spiropulu0000-0001-8172-7081, J.R. Vlimant0000-0002-9705-101X, C.
Wang0000-0002-0117-7196, S. Xie0000-0003-2509-5731, R.Y.
Zhu0000-0003-3091-7461

Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA J.
Alison0000-0003-0843-1641, S. An0000-0002-9740-1622, M.B.
Andrews0000-0001-5537-4518, P. Bryant0000-0001-8145-6322, V.
Dutta0000-0001-5958-829X, T. Ferguson0000-0001-5822-3731, A.
Harilal0000-0001-9625-1987, C. Liu0000-0002-3100-7294, T.
Mudholkar0000-0002-9352-8140, S. Murthy0000-0002-1277-9168, M.
Paulini0000-0002-6714-5787, A. Roberts0000-0002-5139-0550, A.
Sanchez0000-0002-5431-6989, W. Terrill0000-0002-2078-8419

University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA J.P.
Cumalat0000-0002-6032-5857, W.T. Ford0000-0001-8703-6943, A.
Hassani0009-0008-4322-7682, G. Karathanasis0000-0001-5115-5828, E. MacDonald,
N. Manganelli0000-0002-3398-4531, F. Marini0000-0002-2374-6433, A.
Perloff0000-0001-5230-0396, C. Savard0009-0000-7507-0570, N.
Schonbeck0009-0008-3430-7269, K. Stenson0000-0003-4888-205X, K.A.
Ulmer0000-0001-6875-9177, S.R. Wagner0000-0002-9269-5772, N.
Zipper0000-0002-4805-8020

Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA J. Alexander0000-0002-2046-342X, S.
Bright-Thonney0000-0003-1889-7824, X. Chen0000-0002-8157-1328, D.J.
Cranshaw0000-0002-7498-2129, J. Fan0009-0003-3728-9960, X.
Fan0000-0003-2067-0127, D. Gadkari0000-0002-6625-8085, S.
Hogan0000-0003-3657-2281, J. Monroy0000-0002-7394-4710, J.R.
Patterson0000-0002-3815-3649, J. Reichert0000-0003-2110-8021, M.
Reid0000-0001-7706-1416, A. Ryd0000-0001-5849-1912, J.
Thom0000-0002-4870-8468, P. Wittich0000-0002-7401-2181, R.
Zou0000-0002-0542-1264

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.
Albrow0000-0001-7329-4925, M. Alyari0000-0001-9268-3360, O.
Amram0000-0002-3765-3123, G. Apollinari0000-0002-5212-5396, A.
Apresyan0000-0002-6186-0130, L.A.T. Bauerdick0000-0002-7170-9012, D.
Berry0000-0002-5383-8320, J. Berryhill0000-0002-8124-3033, P.C.
Bhat0000-0003-3370-9246, K. Burkett0000-0002-2284-4744, J.N.
Butler0000-0002-0745-8618, A. Canepa0000-0003-4045-3998, G.B.
Cerati0000-0003-3548-0262, H.W.K. Cheung0000-0001-6389-9357, F.
Chlebana0000-0002-8762-8559, G. Cummings0000-0002-8045-7806, J.
Dickinson0000-0001-5450-5328, I. Dutta0000-0003-0953-4503, V.D.
Elvira0000-0003-4446-4395, Y. Feng0000-0003-2812-338X, J.
Freeman0000-0002-3415-5671, A. Gandrakota0000-0003-4860-3233, Z.
Gecse0009-0009-6561-3418, L. Gray0000-0002-6408-4288, D. Green, S.
Grünendahl0000-0002-4857-0294, D. Guerrero0000-0001-5552-5400, O.
Gutsche0000-0002-8015-9622, R.M. Harris0000-0003-1461-3425, R.
Heller0000-0002-7368-6723, T.C. Herwig0000-0002-4280-6382, J.
Hirschauer0000-0002-8244-0805, L. Horyn0000-0002-9512-4932, B.
Jayatilaka0000-0001-7912-5612, S. Jindariani0009-0000-7046-6533, M.
Johnson0000-0001-7757-8458, U. Joshi0000-0001-8375-0760, T.
Klijnsma0000-0003-1675-6040, B. Klima0000-0002-3691-7625, K.H.M.
Kwok0000-0002-8693-6146, S. Lammel0000-0003-0027-635X, D.
Lincoln0000-0002-0599-7407, R. Lipton0000-0002-6665-7289, T.
Liu0009-0007-6522-5605, C. Madrid0000-0003-3301-2246, K.
Maeshima0009-0000-2822-897X, C. Mantilla0000-0002-0177-5903, D.
Mason0000-0002-0074-5390, P. McBride0000-0001-6159-7750, P.
Merkel0000-0003-4727-5442, S. Mrenna0000-0001-8731-160X, S.
Nahn0000-0002-8949-0178, J. Ngadiuba0000-0002-0055-2935, D.
Noonan0000-0002-3932-3769, V. Papadimitriou0000-0002-0690-7186, N.
Pastika0009-0006-0993-6245, K. Pedro0000-0003-2260-9151, C.
Pena850000-0002-4500-7930, F. Ravera0000-0003-3632-0287, A. Reinsvold
Hall860000-0003-1653-8553, L. Ristori0000-0003-1950-2492, E. Sexton-
Kennedy0000-0001-9171-1980, N. Smith0000-0002-0324-3054, A.
Soha0000-0002-5968-1192, L. Spiegel0000-0001-9672-1328, S.
Stoynev0000-0003-4563-7702, L. Taylor0000-0002-6584-2538, S.
Tkaczyk0000-0001-7642-5185, N.V. Tran0000-0002-8440-6854, L.
Uplegger0000-0002-9202-803X, E.W. Vaandering0000-0003-3207-6950, I.
Zoi0000-0002-5738-9446

University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA C. Aruta0000-0001-9524-3264,
P. Avery0000-0003-0609-627X, D. Bourilkov0000-0003-0260-4935, L.
Cadamuro0000-0001-8789-610X, P. Chang0000-0002-2095-6320, V.
Cherepanov0000-0002-6748-4850, R.D. Field, E. Koenig0000-0002-0884-7922, M.
Kolosova0000-0002-5838-2158, J. Konigsberg0000-0001-6850-8765, A.
Korytov0000-0001-9239-3398, K.H. Lo, K. Matchev0000-0003-4182-9096, N.
Menendez0000-0002-3295-3194, G. Mitselmakher0000-0001-5745-3658, A.
Muthirakalayil Madhu0000-0003-1209-3032, N. Rawal0000-0002-7734-3170, D.
Rosenzweig0000-0002-3687-5189, S. Rosenzweig0000-0002-5613-1507, K.
Shi0000-0002-2475-0055, J. Wang0000-0003-3879-4873

Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA T.
Adams0000-0001-8049-5143, A. Al Kadhim0000-0003-3490-8407, A.
Askew0000-0002-7172-1396, N. Bower0000-0001-8775-0696, R.
Habibullah0000-0002-3161-8300, V. Hagopian0000-0002-3791-1989, R.
Hashmi0000-0002-5439-8224, R.S. Kim0000-0002-8645-186X, S.
Kim0000-0003-2381-5117, T. Kolberg0000-0002-0211-6109, G. Martinez, H.
Prosper0000-0002-4077-2713, P.R. Prova, O. Viazlo0000-0002-2957-0301, M.
Wulansatiti0000-0001-6794-3079, R. Yohay0000-0002-0124-9065, J. Zhang

Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida, USA B. Alsufyani, M.M.
Baarmand0000-0002-9792-8619, S. Butalla0000-0003-3423-9581, T.
Elkafrawy530000-0001-9930-6445, M. Hohlmann0000-0003-4578-9319, R. Kumar
Verma0000-0002-8264-156X, M. Rahmani, F. Yumiceva0000-0003-2436-5074

University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, Illinois, USA M.R.
Adams0000-0001-8493-3737, C. Bennett, R. Cavanaugh0000-0001-7169-3420, S.
Dittmer0000-0002-5359-9614, O. Evdokimov0000-0002-1250-8931, C.E.
Gerber0000-0002-8116-9021, D.J. Hofman0000-0002-2449-3845, J.h.
Lee0000-0002-5574-4192, D. S. Lemos0000-0003-1982-8978, A.H.
Merrit0000-0003-3922-6464, C. Mills0000-0001-8035-4818, S.
Nanda0000-0003-0550-4083, G. Oh0000-0003-0744-1063, D.
Pilipovic0000-0002-4210-2780, T. Roy0000-0001-7299-7653, S.
Rudrabhatla0000-0002-7366-4225, M.B. Tonjes0000-0002-2617-9315, N.
Varelas0000-0002-9397-5514, X. Wang0000-0003-2792-8493, Z.
Ye0000-0001-6091-6772, J. Yoo0000-0002-3826-1332

The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA M. Alhusseini0000-0002-9239-470X,
D. Blend, K. Dilsiz870000-0003-0138-3368, L. Emediato0000-0002-3021-5032, G.
Karaman0000-0001-8739-9648, O.K. Köseyan0000-0001-9040-3468, J.-P. Merlo, A.
Mestvirishvili880000-0002-8591-5247, J. Nachtman0000-0003-3951-3420, O. Neogi,
H. Ogul890000-0002-5121-2893, Y. Onel0000-0002-8141-7769, A.
Penzo0000-0003-3436-047X, C. Snyder, E. Tiras900000-0002-5628-7464

Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA B.
Blumenfeld0000-0003-1150-1735, L. Corcodilos0000-0001-6751-3108, J.
Davis0000-0001-6488-6195, A.V. Gritsan0000-0002-3545-7970, L.
Kang0000-0002-0941-4512, S. Kyriacou0000-0002-9254-4368, P.
Maksimovic0000-0002-2358-2168, M. Roguljic0000-0001-5311-3007, J.
Roskes0000-0001-8761-0490, S. Sekhar0000-0002-8307-7518, M.
Swartz0000-0002-0286-5070, T.Á. Vámi0000-0002-0959-9211

The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA A. Abreu0000-0002-9000-2215,
L.F. Alcerro Alcerro0000-0001-5770-5077, J. Anguiano0000-0002-7349-350X, P.
Baringer0000-0002-3691-8388, A. Bean0000-0001-5967-8674, Z.
Flowers0000-0001-8314-2052, J. King0000-0001-9652-9854, G.
Krintiras0000-0002-0380-7577, M. Lazarovits0000-0002-5565-3119, C. Le
Mahieu0000-0001-5924-1130, C. Lindsey, J. Marquez0000-0003-3887-4048, N.
Minafra0000-0003-4002-1888, M. Murray0000-0001-7219-4818, M.
Nickel0000-0003-0419-1329, M. Pitt0000-0003-2461-5985, S.
Popescu910000-0002-0345-2171, C. Rogan0000-0002-4166-4503, C.
Royon0000-0002-7672-9709, R. Salvatico0000-0002-2751-0567, S.
Sanders0000-0002-9491-6022, C. Smith0000-0003-0505-0528, Q.
Wang0000-0003-3804-3244, G. Wilson0000-0003-0917-4763

Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA B. Allmond0000-0002-5593-7736,
A. Ivanov0000-0002-9270-5643, K. Kaadze0000-0003-0571-163X, A.
Kalogeropoulos0000-0003-3444-0314, D. Kim, Y. Maravin0000-0002-9449-0666, K.
Nam, J. Natoli0000-0001-6675-3564, D. Roy0000-0002-8659-7762

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA F.
Rebassoo0000-0001-8934-9329, D. Wright0000-0002-3586-3354

University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA E.
Adams0000-0003-2809-2683, A. Baden0000-0002-6159-3861, O. Baron, A.
Belloni0000-0002-1727-656X, A. Bethani0000-0002-8150-7043, Y.m.
Chen0000-0002-5795-4783, S.C. Eno0000-0003-4282-2515, N.J.
Hadley0000-0002-1209-6471, S. Jabeen0000-0002-0155-7383, R.G.
Kellogg0000-0001-9235-521X, T. Koeth0000-0002-0082-0514, Y.
Lai0000-0002-7795-8693, S. Lascio0000-0001-8579-5874, A.C.
Mignerey0000-0001-5164-6969, S. Nabili0000-0002-6893-1018, C.
Palmer0000-0002-5801-5737, C. Papageorgakis0000-0003-4548-0346, L.
Wang0000-0003-3443-0626, K. Wong0000-0002-9698-1354

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA J.
Bendavid0000-0002-7907-1789, W. Busza0000-0002-3831-9071, I.A.
Cali0000-0002-2822-3375, Y. Chen0000-0003-2582-6469, M.
D’Alfonso0000-0002-7409-7904, J. Eysermans0000-0001-6483-7123, C.
Freer0000-0002-7967-4635, G. Gomez-Ceballos0000-0003-1683-9460, M. Goncharov,
P. Harris, D. Hoang, D. Kovalskyi0000-0002-6923-293X, J.
Krupa0000-0003-0785-7552, L. Lavezzo0000-0002-1364-9920, Y.-J.
Lee0000-0003-2593-7767, K. Long0000-0003-0664-1653, C.
Mironov0000-0002-8599-2437, C. Paus0000-0002-6047-4211, D.
Rankin0000-0001-8411-9620, C. Roland0000-0002-7312-5854, G.
Roland0000-0001-8983-2169, S. Rothman0000-0002-1377-9119, Z.
Shi0000-0001-5498-8825, G.S.F. Stephans0000-0003-3106-4894, J. Wang, Z.
Wang0000-0002-3074-3767, B. Wyslouch0000-0003-3681-0649, T. J.
Yang0000-0003-4317-4660

University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA R.M. Chatterjee, B.
Crossman0000-0002-2700-5085, B.M. Joshi0000-0002-4723-0968, C.
Kapsiak0009-0008-7743-5316, M. Krohn0000-0002-1711-2506, D.
Mahon0000-0002-2640-5941, J. Mans0000-0003-2840-1087, M.
Revering0000-0001-5051-0293, R. Rusack0000-0002-7633-749X, R.
Saradhy0000-0001-8720-293X, N. Schroeder0000-0002-8336-6141, N.
Strobbe0000-0001-8835-8282, M.A. Wadud0000-0002-0653-0761

University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi, USA L.M.
Cremaldi0000-0001-5550-7827

University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA K.
Bloom0000-0002-4272-8900, M. Bryson, D.R. Claes0000-0003-4198-8919, C.
Fangmeier0000-0002-5998-8047, F. Golf0000-0003-3567-9351, C.
Joo0000-0002-5661-4330, I. Kravchenko0000-0003-0068-0395, I.
Reed0000-0002-1823-8856, J.E. Siado0000-0002-9757-470X, G.R.
Snow${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, W. Tabb0000-0002-9542-4847, A.
Wightman0000-0001-6651-5320, F. Yan0000-0002-4042-0785, A.G.
Zecchinelli0000-0001-8986-278X

State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA G.
Agarwal0000-0002-2593-5297, H. Bandyopadhyay0000-0001-9726-4915, L.
Hay0000-0002-7086-7641, I. Iashvili0000-0003-1948-5901, A.
Kharchilava0000-0002-3913-0326, C. McLean0000-0002-7450-4805, M.
Morris0000-0002-2830-6488, D. Nguyen0000-0002-5185-8504, J.
Pekkanen0000-0002-6681-7668, S. Rappoccio0000-0002-5449-2560, H. Rejeb Sfar,
A. Williams0000-0003-4055-6532

Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA G.
Alverson0000-0001-6651-1178, E. Barberis0000-0002-6417-5913, Y.
Haddad0000-0003-4916-7752, Y. Han0000-0002-3510-6505, A.
Krishna0000-0002-4319-818X, J. Li0000-0001-5245-2074, G.
Madigan0000-0001-8796-5865, B. Marzocchi0000-0001-6687-6214, D.M.
Morse0000-0003-3163-2169, V. Nguyen0000-0003-1278-9208, T.
Orimoto0000-0002-8388-3341, A. Parker0000-0002-9421-3335, L.
Skinnari0000-0002-2019-6755, A. Tishelman-Charny0000-0002-7332-5098, B.
Wang0000-0003-0796-2475, D. Wood0000-0002-6477-801X

Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA S.
Bhattacharya0000-0002-0526-6161, J. Bueghly, Z. Chen0000-0003-4521-6086, A.
Gilbert0000-0001-7560-5790, K.A. Hahn0000-0001-7892-1676, Y.
Liu0000-0002-5588-1760, D.G. Monk0000-0002-8377-1999, M.H.
Schmitt0000-0003-0814-3578, A. Taliercio0000-0002-5119-6280, M. Velasco

University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA R. Band0000-0003-4873-0523,
R. Bucci, S. Castells0000-0003-2618-3856, M. Cremonesi, A.
Das0000-0001-9115-9698, R. Goldouzian0000-0002-0295-249X, M.
Hildreth0000-0002-4454-3934, K.W. Ho0000-0003-2229-7223, K. Hurtado
Anampa0000-0002-9779-3566, C. Jessop0000-0002-6885-3611, K.
Lannon0000-0002-9706-0098, J. Lawrence0000-0001-6326-7210, N.
Loukas0000-0003-0049-6918, L. Lutton0000-0002-3212-4505, J. Mariano, N.
Marinelli, I. Mcalister, T. McCauley0000-0001-6589-8286, C.
Mcgrady0000-0002-8821-2045, K. Mohrman0009-0007-2940-0496, C.
Moore0000-0002-8140-4183, Y. Musienko130009-0006-3545-1938, H.
Nelson0000-0001-5592-0785, R. Ruchti0000-0002-3151-1386, A.
Townsend0000-0002-3696-689X, M. Wayne0000-0001-8204-6157, H. Yockey, M.
Zarucki0000-0003-1510-5772, L. Zygala0000-0001-9665-7282

The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA B. Bylsma, M.
Carrigan0000-0003-0538-5854, L.S. Durkin0000-0002-0477-1051, C.
Hill0000-0003-0059-0779, M. Joyce0000-0003-1112-5880, A.
Lesauvage0000-0003-3437-7845, M. Nunez Ornelas0000-0003-2663-7379, K. Wei,
B.L. Winer0000-0001-9980-4698, B. R. Yates0000-0001-7366-1318

Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA F.M.
Addesa0000-0003-0484-5804, H. Bouchamaoui0000-0002-9776-1935, P.
Das0000-0002-9770-1377, G. Dezoort0000-0002-5890-0445, P.
Elmer0000-0001-6830-3356, A. Frankenthal0000-0002-2583-5982, B.
Greenberg0000-0002-4922-1934, N. Haubrich0000-0002-7625-8169, S.
Higginbotham0000-0002-4436-5461, G. Kopp0000-0001-8160-0208, S.
Kwan0000-0002-5308-7707, D. Lange0000-0002-9086-5184, A.
Loeliger0000-0002-5017-1487, D. Marlow0000-0002-6395-1079, I.
Ojalvo0000-0003-1455-6272, J. Olsen0000-0002-9361-5762, D.
Stickland0000-0003-4702-8820, C. Tully0000-0001-6771-2174

University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, USA S.
Malik0000-0002-6356-2655

Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA A.S.
Bakshi0000-0002-2857-6883, V.E. Barnes0000-0001-6939-3445, S.
Chandra0009-0000-7412-4071, R. Chawla0000-0003-4802-6819, S.
Das0000-0001-6701-9265, A. Gu0000-0002-6230-1138, L. Gutay, M.
Jones0000-0002-9951-4583, A.W. Jung0000-0003-3068-3212, D.
Kondratyev0000-0002-7874-2480, A.M. Koshy, M. Liu0000-0001-9012-395X, G.
Negro0000-0002-1418-2154, N. Neumeister0000-0003-2356-1700, G.
Paspalaki0000-0001-6815-1065, S. Piperov0000-0002-9266-7819, A.
Purohit0000-0003-0881-612X, J.F. Schulte0000-0003-4421-680X, M.
Stojanovic170000-0002-1542-0855, J. Thieman0000-0001-7684-6588, A. K.
Virdi0000-0002-0866-8932, F. Wang0000-0002-8313-0809, W.
Xie0000-0003-1430-9191

Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, Indiana, USA J.
Dolen0000-0003-1141-3823, N. Parashar0009-0009-1717-0413, A.
Pathak0000-0001-9861-2942

Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA D. Acosta0000-0001-5367-1738, A.
Baty0000-0001-5310-3466, T. Carnahan0000-0001-7492-3201, S.
Dildick0000-0003-0554-4755, K.M. Ecklund0000-0002-6976-4637, P.J. Fernández
Manteca0000-0003-2566-7496, S. Freed, P. Gardner, F.J.M.
Geurts0000-0003-2856-9090, A. Kumar0000-0002-5180-6595, W.
Li0000-0003-4136-3409, O. Miguel Colin0000-0001-6612-432X, B.P.
Padley0000-0002-3572-5701, R. Redjimi, J. Rotter0009-0009-4040-7407, S.
Yang0000-0002-2075-8631, E. Yigitbasi0000-0002-9595-2623, Y.
Zhang0000-0002-6812-761X

University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA A. Bodek0000-0003-0409-0341,
P. de Barbaro0000-0002-5508-1827, R. Demina0000-0002-7852-167X, J.L.
Dulemba0000-0002-9842-7015, C. Fallon, A. Garcia-Bellido0000-0002-1407-1972,
O. Hindrichs0000-0001-7640-5264, A. Khukhunaishvili0000-0002-3834-1316, P.
Parygin0000-0001-6743-3781, E. Popova0000-0001-7556-8969, R.
Taus0000-0002-5168-2932, G.P. Van Onsem0000-0002-1664-2337

The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA K.
Goulianos0000-0002-6230-9535

Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA B.
Chiarito, J.P. Chou0000-0001-6315-905X, Y. Gershtein0000-0002-4871-5449, E.
Halkiadakis0000-0002-3584-7856, A. Hart0000-0003-2349-6582, M.
Heindl0000-0002-2831-463X, D. Jaroslawski0000-0003-2497-1242, O.
Karacheban260000-0002-2785-3762, I. Laflotte0000-0002-7366-8090, A.
Lath0000-0003-0228-9760, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson0000-0002-9760-9976,
H. Routray0000-0002-9694-4625, S. Salur0000-0002-4995-9285, S. Schnetzer, S.
Somalwar0000-0002-8856-7401, R. Stone0000-0001-6229-695X, S.A.
Thayil0000-0002-1469-0335, S. Thomas, J. Vora0000-0001-9325-2175, H.
Wang0000-0002-3027-0752

University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA H. Acharya, A.G.
Delannoy0000-0003-1252-6213, S. Fiorendi0000-0003-3273-9419, T.
Holmes0000-0002-3959-5174, N. Karunarathna0000-0002-3412-0508, L.
Lee0000-0002-5590-335X, E. Nibigira0000-0001-5821-291X, S.
Spanier0000-0002-7049-4646

Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA M. Ahmad0000-0001-9933-995X,
O. Bouhali920000-0001-7139-7322, M. Dalchenko0000-0002-0137-136X, R.
Eusebi0000-0003-3322-6287, J. Gilmore0000-0001-9911-0143, T.
Huang0000-0002-0793-5664, T. Kamon930000-0001-5565-7868, H.
Kim0000-0003-4986-1728, S. Luo0000-0003-3122-4245, S. Malhotra, R.
Mueller0000-0002-6723-6689, D. Overton0009-0009-0648-8151, D.
Rathjens0000-0002-8420-1488, A. Safonov0000-0001-9497-5471

Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA N. Akchurin0000-0002-6127-4350, J.
Damgov0000-0003-3863-2567, V. Hegde0000-0003-4952-2873, A.
Hussain0000-0001-6216-9002, Y. Kazhykarim, K. Lamichhane0000-0003-0152-7683,
S.W. Lee0000-0002-3388-8339, A. Mankel0000-0002-2124-6312, T. Mengke, S.
Muthumuni0000-0003-0432-6895, T. Peltola0000-0002-4732-4008, I.
Volobouev0000-0002-2087-6128, A. Whitbeck0000-0003-4224-5164

Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA E. Appelt0000-0003-3389-4584,
S. Greene, A. Gurrola0000-0002-2793-4052, W. Johns0000-0001-5291-8903, R.
Kunnawalkam Elayavalli0000-0002-9202-1516, A. Melo0000-0003-3473-8858, F.
Romeo0000-0002-1297-6065, P. Sheldon0000-0003-1550-5223, S.
Tuo0000-0001-6142-0429, J. Velkovska0000-0003-1423-5241, J.
Viinikainen0000-0003-2530-4265

University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA B.
Cardwell0000-0001-5553-0891, B. Cox0000-0003-3752-4759, J.
Hakala0000-0001-9586-3316, R. Hirosky0000-0003-0304-6330, A.
Ledovskoy0000-0003-4861-0943, A. Li0000-0002-4547-116X, C.
Neu0000-0003-3644-8627, C.E. Perez Lara0000-0003-0199-8864

Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA P.E. Karchin0000-0003-1284-3470

University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA A. Aravind, S.
Banerjee0000-0001-7880-922X, K. Black0000-0001-7320-5080, T.
Bose0000-0001-8026-5380, S. Dasu0000-0001-5993-9045, I. De
Bruyn0000-0003-1704-4360, P. Everaerts0000-0003-3848-324X, C. Galloni, H.
He0009-0008-3906-2037, M. Herndon0000-0003-3043-1090, A.
Herve0000-0002-1959-2363, C.K. Koraka0000-0002-4548-9992, A. Lanaro, R.
Loveless0000-0002-2562-4405, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala0000-0003-2590-763X, A.
Mallampalli0000-0002-3793-8516, A. Mohammadi0000-0001-8152-927X, S. Mondal, G.
Parida0000-0001-9665-4575, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang0000-0002-1436-6092, V.
Sharma0000-0003-1287-1471, W.H. Smith0000-0003-3195-0909, D. Teague, H.F.
Tsoi0000-0002-2550-2184, W. Vetens0000-0003-1058-1163, A.
Warden0000-0001-7463-7360

Authors affiliated with an institute or an international laboratory covered by
a cooperation agreement with CERN S. Afanasiev0009-0006-8766-226X, V.
Andreev0000-0002-5492-6920, Yu. Andreev0000-0002-7397-9665, T.
Aushev0000-0002-6347-7055, M. Azarkin0000-0002-7448-1447, A.
Babaev0000-0001-8876-3886, A. Belyaev0000-0003-1692-1173, V. Blinov94, E.
Boos0000-0002-0193-5073, V. Borshch0000-0002-5479-1982, D.
Budkouski0000-0002-2029-1007, V. Bunichev0000-0003-4418-2072, V. Chekhovsky,
R. Chistov940000-0003-1439-8390, M. Danilov940000-0001-9227-5164, A.
Dermenev0000-0001-5619-376X, T. Dimova940000-0002-9560-0660, D.
Druzhkin950000-0001-7520-3329, M. Dubinin850000-0002-7766-7175, L.
Dudko0000-0002-4462-3192, A. Ershov0000-0001-5779-142X, G.
Gavrilov0000-0001-9689-7999, V. Gavrilov0000-0002-9617-2928, S.
Gninenko0000-0001-6495-7619, V. Golovtcov0000-0002-0595-0297, N.
Golubev0000-0002-9504-7754, I. Golutvin0009-0007-6508-0215, I.
Gorbunov0000-0003-3777-6606, A. Gribushin0000-0002-5252-4645, Y.
Ivanov0000-0001-5163-7632, V. Kachanov0000-0002-3062-010X, L.
Kardapoltsev940009-0000-3501-9607, V. Karjavine0000-0002-5326-3854, A.
Karneyeu0000-0001-9983-1004, V. Kim940000-0001-7161-2133, M. Kirakosyan, D.
Kirpichnikov0000-0002-7177-077X, M. Kirsanov0000-0002-8879-6538, V.
Klyukhin0000-0002-8577-6531, O. Kodolova960000-0003-1342-4251, D.
Konstantinov0000-0001-6673-7273, V. Korenkov0000-0002-2342-7862, A.
Kozyrev940000-0003-0684-9235, N. Krasnikov0000-0002-8717-6492, A.
Lanev0000-0001-8244-7321, P. Levchenko970000-0003-4913-0538, N.
Lychkovskaya0000-0001-5084-9019, V. Makarenko0000-0002-8406-8605, A.
Malakhov0000-0001-8569-8409, V. Matveev940000-0002-2745-5908, V.
Murzin0000-0002-0554-4627, A. Nikitenko98,960000-0002-1933-5383, S.
Obraztsov0009-0001-1152-2758, V. Oreshkin0000-0003-4749-4995, A. Oskin, V.
Palichik0009-0008-0356-1061, V. Perelygin0009-0005-5039-4874, M. Perfilov, S.
Polikarpov940000-0001-6839-928X, V. Popov, O. Radchenko940000-0001-7116-9469,
M. Savina0000-0002-9020-7384, V. Savrin0009-0000-3973-2485, D.
Selivanova0000-0002-7031-9434, V. Shalaev0000-0002-2893-6922, S.
Shmatov0000-0001-5354-8350, S. Shulha0000-0002-4265-928X, Y.
Skovpen940000-0002-3316-0604, S. Slabospitskii0000-0001-8178-2494, V.
Smirnov0000-0002-9049-9196, D. Sosnov0000-0002-7452-8380, V.
Sulimov0009-0009-8645-6685, E. Tcherniaev0000-0002-3685-0635, A.
Terkulov0000-0003-4985-3226, O. Teryaev0000-0001-7002-9093, I.
Tlisova0000-0003-1552-2015, A. Toropin0000-0002-2106-4041, L.
Uvarov0000-0002-7602-2527, A. Uzunian0000-0002-7007-9020, A.
Vorobyev${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, N. Voytishin0000-0001-6590-6266, B.S.
Yuldashev99, A. Zarubin0000-0002-1964-6106, I. Zhizhin0000-0001-6171-9682, A.
Zhokin0000-0001-7178-5907

†: Deceased
1Also at Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
2Also at TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
3Also at Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Arab
Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
4Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
5Also at Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
6Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
7Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
8Also at UFMS, Nova Andradina, Brazil
9Also at Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
10Now at The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
11Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
12Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
13Also at an institute or an international laboratory covered by a cooperation
agreement with CERN
14Also at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
15Also at Suez University, Suez, Egypt
16Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
17Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
18Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
19Also at Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
20Also at The University of the State of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
21Also at Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
22Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
23Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
24Also at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
25Also at Bergische University Wuppertal (BUW), Wuppertal, Germany
26Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
27Also at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany
28Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
29Also at Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut,
Egypt
30Also at Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
31Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
32Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
33Now at Universitatea Babes-Bolyai - Facultatea de Fizica, Cluj-Napoca,
Romania
34Also at Faculty of Informatics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
35Also at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
36Also at UPES - University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
37Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
38Also at University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
39Also at Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
40Also at IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
41Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
42Also at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
43Now at Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan,
Iran
44Also at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
45Also at Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of
Mazandaran, Behshahr, Iran
46Also at Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
47Also at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable
Economic Development, Bologna, Italy
48Also at Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia,
Catania, Italy
49Also at Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi, Roma, Italy
50Also at Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Università di Napoli ’Federico II’,
Napoli, Italy
51Also at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA
52Also at Università di Napoli ’Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
53Also at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
54Also at Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei
Materiali, Perugia, Italy
55Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
56Also at Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
57Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
58Also at Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Nilaveli, Sri
Lanka
59Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
60Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
61Also at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
62Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
63Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria
64Also at Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules,
IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
65Also at Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health
Science, Mersin, Turkey
66Also at Konya Technical University, Konya, Turkey
67Also at Izmir Bakircay University, Izmir, Turkey
68Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
69Also at Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
70Also at Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü, Yozgat, Turkey
71Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
72Also at Milli Savunma University, Istanbul, Turkey
73Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
74Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
75Also at Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul,
Turkey
76Also at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
77Also at Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
78Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
79Also at University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
80Also at IPPP Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
81Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
82Also at Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
83Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
84Also at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
85Also at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
86Also at United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, USA
87Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
88Also at Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
89Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
90Also at Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
91Also at Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering
(IFIN-HH), Bucharest, Romania
92Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
93Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
94Also at another institute or international laboratory covered by a
cooperation agreement with CERN
95Also at Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
96Also at Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
97Also at Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
98Also at Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
99Also at Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences,
Tashkent, Uzbekistan