# QuCS: A Lecture Series on Quantum Computer Software and System

Zhiding Liang1 Hanrui Wang2 1University of Notre Dame, IN, USA. 2Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, MA, USA.

###### Abstract

In this era of incessant advancements in quantum computing, bridging the gap
between quantum algorithms’ hardware requisites and available devices has
become crucial. A prime focus in this context is the Software and System Level
support for quantum computers, which has shown promising potential in
significantly decreasing this gap. However, a noteworthy deficit of quantum
software and system level-focused courses has been observed in academia
worldwide. Addressing this deficiency, this paper proposes the Quantum
Computer Systems (QuCS) Lecture Series. The QuCS Lecture Series aims to
enhance the visibility of quantum computing software and system level and
foster diverse participation in quantum computing research across multiple
universities worldwide. It is envisioned as an inclusive platform to bring
together individuals of diverse backgrounds, catalyzing cross-cultural
collaboration and innovation in this burgeoning field.

The lecture series begins with an introductory session elucidating the core
concepts and fundamentals of quantum computing. This foundational knowledge
will be built upon in subsequent sessions, highlighting cutting-edge research
trends and recent findings in quantum software and system level. This paper
provides a comprehensive overview of the QuCS Lecture Series, detailing the
format, the gamut of topics to be covered, and their significance. It
emphasizes the potential impact of the series on accelerating progress towards
quantum supremacy and fostering a diverse, global community of quantum
computing researchers and practitioners. The QuCS Lecture Series has already
hosted nearly 40 lectures with over 40 confirmed speakers from more than eight
different countries and from both academia and industry, QuCS also attracted
more than 1000 subscribers from all over the world.

###### Index Terms:

Quantum Computing, Education, Quantum Workforce, Software, Computer Systems,
Computer Architecture

##  I Introduction

Hardware developments for quantum computing have witnessed tremendous
breakthroughs in the recent decade [39, 15, 27, 22], where different types of
quantum bits have been developed, such as superconducting transmon, trapped-
ion, and neutral atoms. Google released Sycamore [3] in 2019 and claimed to
have achieved quantum supremacy by performing random circuit sampling on it.
This problem is in principle difficult to simulate with classical computers,
but it is far from being practically useful. In late 2021, IBM released a
127-qubit quantum computer with heavy-hexagon hardware topology [16]. Quantum
computers with about 1,000 qubits will be built in the next decade. Besides
the breakthroughs in the aspect of quantum hardware, new quantum algorithms
have also been proposed and demonstrated during the past years. As a result,
the field of quantum computing has attracted widespread attention from
academia, industry, and governments. And the demand for quantum computing
professionals has increased drastically.

The research topics of quantum computing were originally limited to
mathematics and physics, but in the past decade were expanded to include
chemistry, electrical engineering, and computer science. A growing number of
companies have created online platforms that allow students and researchers to
perform cloud quantum computing without having a real quantum computer
locally, such as IBM’s Qiskit [29], Google’s Cirq [10], AWS’s Braket [1], and
D-Wave’s Ocean [25]. Except for accessible real-machines, there are many open-
source quantum simulators available such as Quandry [14], Qutip [18], Juqbox
[26], and torchquantum [35].

As we know, quantum noises form the bottleneck of current quantum machines and
various research attempts have been made to mitigate the high noise of quantum
devices in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. Some works focused
on exploring error-resilient algorithms, while others seek solutions from
error correction methods [21, 36, 35, 38, 12, 8]. Recent works have also tried
to reduce the compilation overhead of quantum programs [32, 7, 4, 17, 19, 33,
11, 37, 6, 20, 28, 9]. All these efforts are made at the software and system
level to improve the quantum computers.

In recent years, increasingly more universities started to offer courses on
quantum computing. Gatti and Sotelo offered quantum computing courses and
reported the feedbacks from the Universidad de Montevideo [13]. [30, 34, 23]
offer online courses about quantum computing fundamentals with tuition fee.
[31] presents a computer science-oriented approach to teach quantum computing.
Angara et al. [2] provided quantum computing courses in high school, while
Carrascal et al. [5] are targeting undergraduate students. Also, [24]
describes the experience of teaching a quantum computing course via practical
software-driven approach. However, we notice that most of the courses only
offer general introduction to quantum computing, neglecting the important role
of software and system level support. Hence, we decided to hold lectures to
introduce the software and system level support for quantum computing.

###  I-A Classification of Quantum Computing Fields

In order to make clear the topics of our lecture series, we introduce here the
classification of different fields in quantum computing. In general, the
fields of quantum computing could be divided into three major categories:
developments of reliable quantum devices, improvements and theoretical
analysis for quantum algorithms, and software and system support for quantum
computers. We can categorize the subdivision of research directions into these
categories. Our lecture series mainly focus on the software and system support
for quantum computing.

###  I-B Target Audience

Initially, we found that the University of Notre Dame did not have a software
and system level course on quantum computing, and some students asked us for
open-source resources to learn. At that time. we often recommend the online
courses offered by the University of Chicago [34], the quantum computing
courses offered by MIT xPRO [23], and the quantum computing summer school
offered by IBM [30]. After investigations are conducted on the educational
resources for quantum computing, we found that most universities do not offer
courses on quantum computing at the software and system level. Therefore, we
decided to organize a series of lectures, starting from basic introduction to
cutting-edge research topics. The purpose is to provide more opportunities for
the public to learn quantum computing. Our target audience include but is not
limited to, practitioners and researchers in quantum computing, students who
are interested but new to the area, and quantum educators.

###  I-C About This Paper

This paper presents an innovative lecture series launched in Spring 2022, with
the inaugural lecture taking place on July 7th, 2022. Unlike traditional
lecture series that offer a broad spectrum of topics, ours has a two-fold
structure: an introductory session, followed by a cutting-edge research
session.

The lecture series is unique as it concentrates solely on quantum computing’s
software and system level, providing an essential learning platform for
novices and seasoned practitioners alike. The introductory session aims to
equip individuals with the foundational knowledge required to navigate the
complex field of quantum computing. This initial phase paves the way for
participants to appreciate the significance of recent advancements and
emerging research trends, which are highlighted in the subsequent research
session. Notably, the software and system level-focused approach caters to the
diverse backgrounds of our audience. It creates an avenue for those lacking
relevant experience to learn quantum fundamentals while enabling practitioners
to reinforce their existing knowledge. Additionally, the research topic
session fosters a dynamic environment for discussions on the latest research
trends, encouraging collaborative interactions with experts.

The paper is structured as follows: Section II outlines the lecture design and
introduces confirmed speakers, while Section III shares insights from the
first completed lecture session. Finally, Section IV concludes with a
comprehensive summary and future expectations. The presented lecture series
represents a bold step towards enhancing understanding and fostering global
engagement in the dynamic field of quantum computing.

##  II Motivation and Expectation

###  II-A Motivation

Traditional quantum computing lecture series and courses have a tendency to
emphasize the design of quantum hardware devices, related theoretical physics,
and the mathematical aspects of quantum information processing. This leaves
the quantum software and system level relatively unexplored. In our review of
the existing literature and course offerings, we found that although some
institutions offer courses on quantum software and systems, a significant
number do not. Online resources on the subject are also scarce. Furthermore,
given that quantum software and system level is an emerging field, there are
only a handful of professors specializing in it, resulting in a dearth of
learning resources for interested students.

###  II-B Expectation

Our aim is to curate a lecture series that initiates with the basics of
quantum computing software and systems, empowering audiences to comprehend,
use, and design software and systems for quantum computing. Additionally, we
intend to incorporate discussions of cutting-edge research to provide the
audience with a deeper understanding and a propensity towards research topics.
We have established several expectations for the lecture series:

  * •

Foundation for Beginners: The first part of the lecture is an introductory
session, aimed at audience members who have an interest in quantum computing
software and system level but lack a background in it. Topics covered include
algorithms, quantum compilation, noise mitigation, quantum machine learning,
quantum architecture design, quantum simulation, quantum networking, among
others.

  * •

Deepening Understanding for Researchers: The software and systems aspects of
quantum computing represent a rapidly evolving field. We anticipate that even
experienced researchers will gain fresh insights into the basics from the
varied perspectives of different experts in the field.

  * •

Exploring Research Frontiers: After laying the foundational knowledge, the
lecture series transitions to the research topic session. More than 35 senior
researchers in the field have confirmed their participation, each presenting
their respective research topics. We believe that engaging in discussions on
these cutting-edge topics is instrumental for the progress of the field. We
expect that not only will the audience draw inspiration from the
presentations, but the speakers will also identify potential research gaps or
receive valuable feedback during the Q & A session.

  * •

Increase the Diversity of the Field. In an attempt to create a diverse
learning environment and address the underrepresentation within the quantum
computing sector, the lecture series is designed to engage individuals from
varying academic backgrounds and regions. Encouraging global participation and
cross-cultural collaboration, we hope to bring unique perspectives, fostering
creativity and driving innovation in the quantum software and system level
sphere. We anticipate that the lecture series will act as a catalyst for
nurturing a global community of quantum computing researchers and
practitioners, expanding the reach of quantum computing knowledge, and
fostering a diverse and inclusive research ecosystem. Moreover, we aim to
enhance the presence of underrepresented groups within the quantum software
and system level field, believing that diversity in contributors’ backgrounds
can bring about robust and multi-faceted approaches to problem-solving. The
series will incorporate the efforts to break down barriers and actively engage
more women, people of color, and individuals from other marginalized groups in
the quantum computing community. Ultimately, we strive to build a more diverse
and inclusive field, which we believe will be a key driver in accelerating the
pace of innovation in quantum computing.

##  III Quantum Computer System Lecture Series

This lecture series is named Quantum Computer System Lecture Series (QuCS). It
is organized by Zhiding Liang, a PhD student at the University of Notre Dame,
and co-organized by Hanrui Wang, a PhD student at MIT. Confirmed over 40
speakers include professors and senior Ph.D. students from 27 universities
(e.g., MIT, Princeton, Yale, Harvard, USC, TUM, Oxford, UChicago, Montpelier)
and researchers from industry (e.g., IBM, JPMorgan Chase & Co, and Wells
Fargo). They are geographically located in eight countries: the United States,
China, England, France, Australia, Vietnam, Germany, and Canada. Our lecture
series starts in July 2022 and is divided into introduction sessions and
research topic sessions. The first session is held on July 7, 2022 between
10:30 Am and 11:30 Am EST on Zoom. The time is selected to accommodate the
audience in Europe, Asia as well as North/South America. Most of the
subsequent lectures will be held at the same time period (10:30 Am - 11:30 Am
EST) on Thursdays, with each lecture divided into 45-50 minutes for the
speaker to talk about the main topic and 10-15 minutes for the follow-up
Question & Answer.

###  III-A Schedule

The updated schedule of the QuCS lecture series showing as follows:

Session 1: Introduction Session

Name: Prof. Yongshan Ding Title: Assistant Professor at Yale University Topic:
Software and Algorithmic Approaches to Quantum Noise Mitigation: An Overview
Name: Zhixin Song Title: PhD Student at Georgia Institute of Technology Topic:
A Guided Tour on the Map of Quantum Computing Name: Jinglei Cheng Title: PhD
Student at University of Southern California Topic: Introduction to
Variational Quantum Algorithms Name: Siyuan Niu Title: PhD Candidate at
University of Montpellier Topic: Enabling Parallel Circuit Execution on NISQ
Hardware Name: Prof. Robert Wille Title: Distinguished Professor at Technische
Universität München Topic: Design Automation and Software Tools for Quantum
Computing Name: Prof. Tongyang Li Title: Assistant Professor at Peking
University Topic: Adaptive Online Learning of Quantum States Name: Dr. Junyu
Liu Title: Theoretical Physicist at the University of Chicago Topic: Quantum
Data Center Name: Dr. Gokul Ravi Title: Computing Innovation Fellow at the
University of Chicago Topic: Classical Support and Error Mitigation for
Variational Quantum Algorithms Name: Prof. Chen Qian Title: Professor at UCSC
Topic: Protocol Design for Quantum Network Routing Name: Yilian Liu Title: Ms
student at Cornell University Topic: Solving Nonlinear Partial Differential
Equations using Variational Quantum Algorithms on Noisy Quantum Computers

Session 2: Research Session

Name: Prof. Prineha Narang Title: Associate Professor at UCLA Topic: Building
Blocks of Scalable Quantum Information Science Name: Prof. Jakub Szefer Title:
Associate Professor at Yale University Topic: Quantum Computer Hardware
Cybersecurity Name: Prof. Guan Qiang Title: Assistant Professor at Kent State
University Topic: Enabling robust quantum computer system by understanding
errors from NISQ machines Name: Bochen Tan Title: PhD student at UCLA Topic:
Compilation for Near-Term Quantum Computing: Gap Analysis and Optimal Solution
Name: Zeyuan Zhou Title: PhD student at JHU Topic: Quantum Crosstalk Robust
Quantum Control Name: Wei Tang Title: PhD student at Princeton Topic:
Distributed Quantum Computing Name: Prof. Tirthak Patel Title: Assistant
Professor at Rice University Topic: Developing Robust System Software Support
for Quantum Computers Name: Prof. Gushu Li Title: Assistant Professor at the
University of Pennsylvania Topic: Enabling Deeper Quantum Compiler
Optimization at High Level Name: Prof. Nai-Hui Chia Title: Assistant Professor
at the Rice University Topic: Classical Verification of Quantum Depth Name:
Prof. Mohsen Heidari Title: Assistant Professor at the Indiana University,
Bloomington Topic: Learning and Training in Quantum Environments Name: Prof.
Jun Qi Title: Assistant Professor at the Fudan University Topic: Quantum
Machine Learning: Theoretical Foundations and Applications on NISQ Devices
Name: Yasuo Oda Title: PhD student at John Hopkins University Topic: Noise
Modeling of the IBM Quantum Experience Name: Yuxiang Peng Title: PhD student
at the University of Maryland, College Park Topic: Software Tools for Analog
Quantum Computing Name: Runzhou Tao Title: PhD student at Columbia University
Topic: Automatic Formal Verification of the Qiskit Compiler Name: Jiyuan Wang
Title: PhD Candidate at University of California, Los Angeles Topic: QDiff:
Differential Testing for Quantum Software Stacks Name: Charles Yuan Title: PhD
student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology Topic: Abstractions Are
Bridges Toward Quantum Programming Name: Minzhao Liu Title: PhD student at
University of Chicago Topic: Understanding Quantum Supremacy Conditions for
Gaussian Boson Sampling with High Performance Computing Name: Dr. Naoki
Kanazawa Title: Research Scientist at IBM Quantum Topic: Pulse Control for
Superconducting Quantum Computers Name: Prof. He Li Title: Associate Professor
at Southeast University (China) Topic: Rethinking Most-significant Digit-first
Arithmetic for Quantum Computing in NISQ Era Name: Dr. Thinh DINH Title:
Researcher at Vietnam National University Topic: Efficient Hamiltonian
Reduction for Scalable Quantum Computing on Clique Cover/Graph Coloring
Problems in SatCom Name: Dr. Marco Pistoia Title: Managing Director,
Distinguished Engineer, and Head of JPMorgan Chase’s Global Technology Applied
Research Center Topic: Quantum Computing and Quantum Communication in the
Financial World Name: Prof. Yuan Feng Title: Professor at the Centre for
Quantum Software and Information, University of Technology Sydney Topic: Hoare
logic for verification of quantum programs Name: Lia Yeh Title: PhD student at
University of Oxford Topic: Quantum Graphical Calculi: Tutorial and
Applications Name: Zhirui Hu Title: PhD student at George Mason University
Topic: Optimize Quantum Learning on Near-Term Noisy Quantum Computers Name:
Prof. Zhu Han Title: John and Rebecca Moores Professor at University of
Houston Topic: Hybrid Quantum-Classic Computing for Future Network
Optimization Name: Dr. Samuel Yen-Chi Chen Title: Senior Software Engineer at
Wells Fargo Topic: Hybrid Quantum-Classical Machine Learning with Applications
Name: Dr. Ji Liu Title: Postdoctoral Researcher at Argonne National Laboratory
Topic: Elevating Quantum Compiler Performance through Enhanced Awareness in
the Compilation Stages Name: Dr. Daniel Egger Title: Senior Research Scientist
at IBM Quantum, IBM Zurich Topic: Pulse-based Variational Quantum Eigensolver
and Pulse-Efficient Transpilation Name: Thomas Alexander Title: Software
Developer at IBM Quantum, Market Leader in Quantum Systems and Services Topic:
Control Systems & Systems Software at IBM Quantum

Figure 1: Background survey data for a) Education level, and b) Gender of 260
participants.

###  III-B General Data

Our lectures currently have 1294 registered audience, and this number is still
increasing. So far we have invited speakers from 27 different universities in
seven different countries to cover the fundamentals of quantum computing at
software and system level as well as the frontier topics.

###  III-C Collaboration with Industry Experts

In our pursuit of comprehensive knowledge sharing and insightful discussions,
we have reached beyond the realm of academia. We are delighted to announce the
participation of distinguished experts from renowned corporations such as IBM,
JPMorgan Chase & Co., and Wells Fargo. This fusion of academic and industry
perspectives is intended to equip our audience with a holistic understanding
of quantum computing, particularly in the context of quantum software and
system level.

These industry professionals bring valuable insights from the forefront of
quantum computing applications, highlighting not only theoretical aspects but
also practical considerations. Our belief is that the integration of academia
and industry will foster a dynamic and enriching learning environment. By
understanding both theoretical underpinnings and industrial applications, our
audience will gain a well-rounded grasp of quantum computing at the software
and system level. This not only broadens the scope of knowledge but also
elucidates the potential and challenges of quantum computing in the
contemporary business landscape. We hope that this rich blend of insights will
spark innovative thinking and inspire the next wave of advancements in the
quantum computing arena.

##  IV Observation

Based on the collected data from our background and detailed surveys, we have
gleaned a range of insights regarding our lecture participants. The background
survey had 260 participants, while the detailed survey was filled out by 28
individuals.

###  IV-A Background Survey Observations

The background survey encompassed three main areas: education level, gender,
and region. Out of the 260 participants, a significant 60.38% have achieved or
are in the process of obtaining their doctoral degree as shown in the Fig.
1(a). This large representation reflects the continued and strong interest in
quantum computing from research-focused individuals. Those who have achieved
or are pursuing a Master’s degree and a Bachelor’s degree each constituted
23.85% and 10.00% of the participants, respectively. These numbers confirm
that the appeal of quantum computing is permeating all levels of academia.

Surprisingly, 1.54% of participants were high school graduates or high school
students. This indicates that quantum computing has started to attract the
attention of the K-12 education group to a certain extent. Such a trend is an
encouraging sign for the future of the quantum computing community, suggesting
an expansion of interest beyond the traditional confines of higher education
and research.

When we analyzed the gender representation among participants, as shown in the
Fig. 1(b), we found that a significant portion, 83.85%, identified as male,
either biologically or psychologically. Conversely, the percentage of those
who identify as female is considerably smaller, at just 14.62%. These figures
present a substantial gender imbalance within the community of our lecture
attendees. They suggest that much work needs to be done to make quantum
computing more appealing and accessible to a broader, more diverse audience.
Specifically, it highlights the urgency for initiatives within the quantum
computing community to foster a more inclusive environment that actively
encourages participation from minorities.

In this light, the QuCS series is committed to taking steps towards this goal,
by fostering a more welcoming and diverse community, amplifying the voices of
minority speakers, and presenting topics relevant to a wider audience, among
other strategies.

###  IV-B Detailed Survey Observations

Knowledge Level |  Description |  Percentage
---|---|---
Level 0 |  I am interested but don’t know anything. |  17.9%
Level 1 |  I used to study by myself for months or take one course related but still not familiar. |  32.1%
Level 2 |  I understand the quantum basis and have ability to finish a course-level project by my self. |  14.3%
Level 3 |  I am familiar with at least one area in quantum computing. |  32.1%
Level 4 |  I am an expert of quantum computing. |  3.6%
TABLE I: Description of the defined knowledge level of participants about
quantum computing. Figure 2: a) Voting counts for the most interesting topic
among the past 35 lectures at QuCS. b) Voting counts for the impact of the
QuCS brings to audiences. Figure 3: Feedback data: a) if audiences gain
improvement from QuCS. b) will audiences recommend QuCS to friends and
colleagues. Figure 4: Feedback data: if the timing of QuCS is appropriate for
audiences.

The detailed survey covered several areas, including participants’ perceived
knowledge level of quantum computing, their principal job function, ethnicity,
race, underrepresented group identification, topics of interest, knowledge
about QuCS, the perceived impact of QuCS lectures, lecture timing
appropriateness, and whether they would recommend QuCS. We analyze this data
in the subsequent sections to further understand our audience’s learning
experience, preferences, and overall impact of the QuCS lecture series. We
also delve into a more detailed analysis of the information gathered from
these surveys to further comprehend the effect of our lecture series and how
we can adapt to cater to our audience’s needs better.

Knowledge Level: In terms of self-reported knowledge level in quantum
computing among detailed survey respondents, we observed that a significant
portion of the respondents, precisely 50%, considered themselves to be at a
beginner level (Levels 0 - 1). These participants suggested that their
understanding of quantum computing concepts was still in the early stages.
Meanwhile, 14.3% of the respondents believed that they had achieved Level 2
proficiency, indicating that they could independently complete a course
project related to quantum computing. This level is an encouraging sign of the
participants’ commitment to developing their skills further. Simultaneously, a
notable percentage (32.1%) of respondents indicated that they have substantial
expertise in a specific area of quantum computing. Lastly, a small fraction of
the respondents, at 3.6%, saw themselves as highly knowledgeable experts in
the quantum computing field. These individuals likely have substantial
experience and engagement in the field, possibly contributing to research and
development in the area. This distribution of self-assessed proficiency levels
indicates a diverse audience in terms of knowledge and experience.

Attractive Topics: The detailed survey also provided insights into the
participants’ interests and recommendations regarding the topics covered in
the previous 35 QuCS lectures as shown in Fig. 2(a). Quantum machine learning
emerged as the most intriguing topic, with 20 out of 28 respondents expressing
significant interest. Quantum system and software design and quantum finance
were also notable areas of interest, with 18 and 17 votes respectively.
Quantum algorithms, quantum architecture, and quantum control received
moderate interest, each gathering between 10 to 15 votes. Topics with lower
engagement levels were quantum networking and quantum security, suggesting
potential areas for enhanced focus and engagement in future lectures.

Impact of QuCS: The impact of the QuCS lecture series was another area of
interest in the detailed survey. As shown in the Fig. 2(b), a strong majority
of respondents (26 out of 28) indicated that the lectures had significantly
enhanced their understanding of basic quantum computing concepts, aligning
well with one of the key objectives of QuCS, i.e., to strengthen the
audience’s background in quantum computing. Moreover, 23 respondents believed
that QuCS had exposed them to advanced research topics, while 21 felt that
their scientific interest in certain research topics was stimulated due to
their involvement with QuCS. This aligns well with the intentions behind the
establishment of the research topics session within QuCS.

Furthermore, the QuCS lectures seemed to have made a contribution to building
a more robust quantum computing community. Specifically, 19 participants
stated that the series had helped them find new collaboration partners, and 17
believed it had assisted in creating new social networks for them. This
reflects positively on the central efforts of QuCS to foster connections and
collaboration within the quantum computing community. These findings
underscore the value of QuCS and its potential to continue making significant
contributions to the field in the future.

Feedback from Audience: Moving on to the overall feedback about the QuCS
series, we have analyzed responses to three key questions:

  * •

1) Do you think you get improvement by attending QuCS lectures?

  * •

2) Will you recommend QuCS to your friends and colleagues?

  * •

3) Do you feel that the timing of the lecture was appropriate?

The data collected from the first question was highly encouraging, with 89.3%
of participants choosing either ’agree’ or ’strongly agree’. This implies that
a majority of the participants felt they had greatly benefited from the QuCS
lectures. However, 10.7% of respondents chose ’fair’, possibly indicating that
the breadth of topics covered in QuCS is not yet sufficient. Some suggestions
were made to include lectures on quantum error correction and quantum
optimization.

For the second question, 27 out of 28 respondents indicated they would
’recommend’ or ’strongly recommend’ QuCS to their friends and colleagues,
while one participant did not wish to share this information.

Lastly, 67.9% of participants felt that the timing of the QuCS lectures was
suitable. Timing is a significant challenge when organizing these lectures, as
we aim to accommodate audiences and speakers from different time zones. In
setting the lecture time, we mainly considered the time zones of Asia, Europe,
and North America, scheduling them for 10:30 a.m. Eastern Time. In the future,
we plan to conduct a detailed survey regarding the most suitable lecture time
and reevaluate our current schedule accordingly.

##  V Conclusion and Future Work

As the field of quantum computing is gaining importance and the need for a
quantum workforce in the industry is becoming more urgent, and the need for
quantum computing faculty in CS and CE majors in academia is gradually
increasing, the expansion beyond the roots in physical and theoretical
becoming the next goal of quantum computing education. Our organized QuCS aims
to provide open educational opportunities in quantum computing on software and
systems to participants with diverse quantum computing knowledge backgrounds.
We offer introductory participants the opportunity to learn fundamental
knowledge of quantum computing on software and systems, and participants
already working in the field the opportunity to refresh their knowledge and
gain new understanding. We also provide opportunities for all audience members
to discuss research topics. And we have designed QuCS from introductory to in-
depth, and have made all lecture recordings publicly available to ensure that
all are given the opportunity to build a relevant background of knowledge
before discussing the research topic.

We are devoted to expanding the diversity of the quantum computing research
community. And we invite as well as organize speaker and participants from
different universities, different countries, different races, and different
genders.

We will continue make contribution to the education on software and system on
quantum computing, and keeping to invite experts to join our lecture series.
Also, we plan to expand our lecture series to a workshop in quantum computing/
architecture/ design automation/ machine learning conference. We expect that
on day we will have a chance to invite speakers that who began in this field
inspired by our lecture series.

## Acknowledgment

We thank all speakers and audiences who were interested and participated in
our lecture series.

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