FSQ-16-007

$HeadURL$ $Id$ FSQ-16-007

# Measurement of exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb
collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$

###### Abstract

Exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction is measured for the first time in
ultraperipheral Pb collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ with the CMS detector.
The cross section $\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp)$ is $11.0\pm 1.4\stat\pm
1.0\syst$ $\mu$b at $\langle W_{\Pgg\Pp}\rangle=92.6\GeV$ for photon-proton
centre-of-mass energies $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ between $29$ and $213\GeV$. The
differential cross section $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ is measured in the interval
$0.025<\abs{t}<1\GeV^{2}$ as a function of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$, where $t$ is the
squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex. The results are compared
with previous measurements and theoretical predictions. The measured cross
section $\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp)$ has a power-law dependence on the
photon-proton centre-of-mass, consistent with electron-proton collision
measurements performed at HERA. The $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ dependence of the
exponential slope of the differential cross section $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ is
also measured.

##  0.1 Introduction

Exclusive vector meson (VM) photoproduction, $\Pgg\Pp\to\mathrm{VM}\Pp$, has
received renewed interest following recent studies of ultraperipheral
collisions involving ions and protons at the CERN LHC [1, 2]. In such
collisions, photon-induced interactions predominantly occur when the colliding
hadrons are separated by a distance larger than the sum of their radii. In
this case, one of the hadrons may emit a quasi-real photon that fluctuates
into a quark-antiquark pair with the quantum numbers of the photon, which can
then turn into a VM upon interacting with the other hadron. The interaction of
the VM with the hadron proceeds via the exchange of the vacuum quantum
numbers, the so-called pomeron exchange. Proton-lead (Pb) collisions are
particularly interesting for studying photon-proton interactions [3, 4]
because the large electric charge of the Pb nucleus strongly enhances photon
emission. Also, in these events, one can determine the photon direction and
hence the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ unambiguously.
This advantage is not present in symmetric colliding systems such as
interactions. Exclusive VM photoproduction is interesting because the Fourier
transform of the $t$ distribution, with $t$ being the squared four-momentum
transfer at the proton vertex, is related to the two-dimensional spatial
distribution of the struck partons in the plane transverse to the beam
direction. Furthermore, some models suggest that the energy dependence of the
integrated cross section and that of the $t$ distribution may provide evidence
of gluon saturation, as discussed in Refs. [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10].

By using ultraperipheral Pb collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ at the LHC, the
ALICE Collaboration has measured the exclusive photoproduction of mesons in
the centre-of-mass energy interval $20<W_{\Pgg\Pp}<700\GeV$ [11, 12]. The LHCb
Collaboration has studied exclusive , , and (nS) photoproduction in collisions
at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and $8\TeV$ [13, 14]. Exclusive photoproduction of $\Pgr^{0}$
mesons was first studied in fixed-target experiments at $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ values
up to 20 [15, 16]. Experiments at the HERA electron-proton collider at DESY
have studied this process at $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ values ranging from 50 to 187, both
with quasi-real photons and for photons with larger virtualities [17, 18]. The
HERA data have provided clear experimental evidence for the transition from
the soft to the hard diffractive regime [19, 20]. More recently, exclusive
photoproduction of $\Pgr^{0}$ mesons has been studied by the STAR
Collaboration in ultraperipheral AuAu collisions at the BNL RHIC collider [21,
22, 23], and by the ALICE Collaboration in PbPb collisions [24]. The cross
sections measured by the ALICE and STAR Collaborations in photon-nucleus
interactions are 40% lower than both the prediction from the Glauber approach
and the corresponding measurements in photon-proton interactions [24, 25].
However, the Glauber approach reproduces the measured cross sections well at
lower energies. This is an indication that nuclei do not behave as a
collection of independent nucleons at high energies. In the present analysis,
exclusive photoproduction of $\Pgr^{0}$ mesons in the decay channel in
ultraperipheral Pb collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02$is measured. The cross section
is measured as a function of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ and $t$. In this paper $\abs{t}$ is
defined as the squared transverse momentum of the $\Pgr^{0}$ meson,
$\abs{t}\approx\pt^{2}$.

This paper is organized as follows. Section 0.2 describes the experimental
apparatus and Section 0.3 the data and simulated Monte Carlo samples. The
event selection procedure is illustrated in Section 0.4. Section 0.5 discusses
the background contributions and Section 0.6 the strategy used to extract the
signal; the systematic uncertainties are summarized in Section 0.7. The total
and differential cross sections are presented in Section 0.8. The results are
summarized in Section 0.9.

##  0.2 The CMS detector

The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a superconducting solenoid of 6m
internal diameter, providing a magnetic field of 3.8T. Within the solenoid
volume are a silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead tungsten crystal
electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), and a brass and scintillator hadron
calorimeter (HCAL), each composed of a barrel and two endcap sections. The
silicon tracker measures charged particles within the range $\abs{\eta}<2.5$.
It consists of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148 silicon-strip detector modules
and is located in the field of the superconducting solenoid. For nonisolated
particles of $1<\pt<10\GeV$ and $\abs{\eta}<1.4$, the track resolutions are
typically 1.5% in and 25–90 (45–150)in the transverse (longitudinal) direction
[26].

The pseudorapidity coverage for the ECAL and HCAL detectors is
$\abs{\eta}<3.0$. The ECAL provides coverage in the pseudorapidity range
$\abs{\eta}<1.5$ in the barrel (EB) region and $1.5<\abs{\eta}<3.0$ in the two
endcap (EE) regions. The HCAL provides coverage for $\abs{\eta}<1.3$ in the
barrel (HB) region and $1.3<\abs{\eta}<3.0$ in the two endcap (HE) regions.
The hadron forward (HF) calorimeters ($3.0<\abs{\eta}<5.2$) complement the
coverage provided by the barrel and endcap detectors. The zero-degree
calorimeters (ZDCs) are two Čerenkov calorimeters composed of alternating
layers of tungsten and quartz fibers that cover the region $\abs{\eta}>8.3$.
Both the HF and ZDC detectors are divided into two halves, one covering
positive pseudorapidities, the other negative, and referred to as HF+ and ZDC+
(and HF- and ZDC-), respectively. Another calorimeter, CASTOR, also a Čerenkov
sampling calorimeter, consists of quartz and tungsten plates and is located
only at negative pseudorapidities with coverage of $-6.6<\eta<-5.2$. A more
detailed description of the CMS detector, together with the definition of the
coordinate system used and the relevant kinematic variables, can be found in
Ref. [27].

##  0.3 Data and Monte Carlo simulation

This analysis uses data from Pb collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ collected
with the CMS detector in February 2013. The beam energies are 4for the protons
and 1.58per nucleon for the lead nuclei. The integrated luminosity is
$\mathcal{L}=7.4\mubinv$ for the Pb data set (protons circulating in the
negative $z$ direction) and $\mathcal{L}=9.6\mubinv$ for the Pb data set
(protons circulating in the positive $z$ direction). Since the events are
asymmetric in rapidity, the Pb and Pb samples are merged after changing the
sign of the rapidity in the Pb sample.

The starlight (version 2.2.0) Monte Carlo (MC) event generator [28] is used to
simulate exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction followed by the
$\Pgr^{0}\to\Pgpp\Pgpm$ decay. The starlight generator models two-photon and
photon-hadron interactions at ultrarelativistic energies. Two processes
contribute to the exclusive $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ channel: resonant
$\Pgr^{0}\to\Pgp^{+}\Pgp^{-}$ production, and nonresonant $\Pgpp\Pgpm$
production, including the interference term. Both processes are generated in
order to calculate the signal acceptance and efficiency, and to extract the
corrected signal yield. starlight is also used to generate exclusive events.
The Pb and Pb samples are produced separately. The events are passed through a
detailed [29] simulation of the CMS detector in order to model the detector
response, and are reconstructed with the same software used for the data.

##  0.4 Event selection

Table 0.4 presents the number of events after each selection requirement is
applied. Events were selected online [30] by requiring the simultaneous
presence of the two beams at the interaction point, as measured by the beam
monitor timing system, in conjunction with at least one track in the pixel
tracker. Offline, events are discarded if they have an energy deposit in any
of the HF towers above the noise threshold of 3. Events are also required to
have exactly two tracks that pass the selection criteria defined in Ref. [31],
and to be associated with a single vertex located within 15cm of the nominal
interaction point along the beam direction. The pion mass is assigned to each
track. In order to minimize the effect of the uncertainty in the low-track
efficiency, one of the tracks should have a larger than 0.4, and the other
larger than 0.2. Both tracks are selected in the interval $\abs{\eta}<2.0$.
The rapidity of the $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ system is required to be in the interval
$\abs{y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}<2.0$. To reject the photoproduction of $\Pgr^{0}$ mesons
from $\Pgg\mathrm{Pb}$ interactions where the proton radiates a quasi-real
photon, the of the $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ system is required to be larger than $0.15$(as
discussed in Section 0.5).

A sizable background contribution comes from proton dissociative events,
$\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp^{*}$, where $\Pp^{*}$ indicates a low-mass hadronic
state. In these events the scattered proton is excited and then dissociates.
The $\Pgr^{0}$ is measured in the central region, whereas the low-mass state
usually escapes undetected. To suppress this contribution, events with
activity above noise thresholds in the CASTOR, HE, HF, and ZDC detectors are
rejected. The signal-to-noise ratio in ZDC+ is better than in ZDC- because of
differences in radiation damage to the two detectors. For this reason, the ZDC
energy thresholds shown in Table 0.4 are asymmetric. CASTOR is used for only
the pPb sample because of its location, as discussed in Section 0.2. The final
selection requires the two tracks to have opposite charges. A total of 20 060
opposite-sign pair events and 1514 same-sign pair events are selected in this
analysis.

Integrated luminosity and number of events after each of the selection
requirements for the two data samples. The leading tower is the tower with the
largest energy deposition in the calorimeter.  Selection Number of selected
events Pb Pb Integrated luminosity 7.4  9.6  Leading HF tower $<$ 3.0 52 508
66 278 Exactly two tracks 17 771 21 583 Track purity [31] 16 085 20 278
$\abs{\eta_{\text{{track}}}}<2.0$, 12 707 16 037 $\pt^{\text{{leading}}}>0.4$,
$\pt^{\text{subleading}}>0.2$ 12 364 15 572 $\abs{z_{\mathrm{vertex}}}<15\cm$
11 924 15 052 Leading HE tower $<$ 1.95 11 563 14 643 CASTOR energy $<$ 9 9405
— ZDC+ energy $<$ 500 — 12 475 ZDC- energy $<$ 2000 9099 — Opposite-sign pairs
8507 11 553 Same-sign pairs 592 922

##  0.5 Background

The main background sources are listed below.

  * •

Nonresonant $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ production. This contributes mainly through an
interference term. It is included when fitting the invariant mass
distribution, as discussed in Section 0.6.

  * •

Exclusive photoproduction of $\Pgo$ and $\Pgf$ mesons. Contamination from the
decay $\Pgf\to\PKp\PKm$ is removed by assigning the kaon mass to the tracks
and rejecting events with invariant mass values of the $\PKp\PKm$ system
larger than 1.04. In addition, contamination is expected from the
$\Pgo\to\Pgpp\Pgpm\Pgpz$ and $\Pgf\to\Pgpp\Pgpm\Pgpz$ decays when the photons
from the decay are undetected. Although the $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ invariant mass in
these cases is mostly below the mass, the rate of $\Pgo$ and $\Pgf$ meson
production increases with $\abs{t}$. As observed in this analysis and at HERA
[32], undetected photons lead to an overestimate of the imbalance in the
event, mimicking large $\abs{t}$ events. Since these processes cannot be
modeled by starlight, their contribution is estimated from the fits of the
unfolded invariant mass distributions described in Section 0.6. The
$\Pgo\to\Pgpp\Pgpm$ amplitude is small, but is clearly visible through its
interference with the $\Pgr^{0}$, which produces the small kink in the
invariant mass spectrum near 800. This contribution is included in the
invariant mass fit, as discussed in Section 0.6.

  * •

Exclusive photoproduction of $\Pgrb$ mesons111The data on the photoproduction
of excited $\Pgrb$ states in the four-pion decay channel are currently
limited. A resonance structure with a broad invariant mass distribution around
1600is reported in the literature. According to the Particle Data Group this
resonance has two components: the $\Pgra$ and the $\Pgrb$ [33]. The nature of
these states is still under investigation. Recently, the STAR Collaboration
reported a measurement of exclusive photoproduction of four charged pions
[34]. Their data are consistent with the $\Pgrb$ assuming that the peak is
dominated by spin states with $J^{PC}=1^{--}$. In order to reproduce these
data, starlight assumes a single resonance with a mass of 1540and a width of
570 [28]. In the present paper, this state is referred to as $\Pgrb$.. The
$\Pgrb$ decays mostly into a $\Pgr^{0}$ meson and a pion pair, leading to
final states with four charged pions, or with two charged pions and two
neutral pions. The $\Pgrb\to\Pgpp\Pgpm\Pgpp\Pgpm$ decay may also result in
opposite-sign events when only two opposite-sign pions are detected because of
the limited rapidity coverage of the detector. Such events will appear to have
a imbalance, causing them to be incorrectly identified as large
$\abs{t}~{}\Pgr^{0}$ events, thereby resulting in a distortion of the
$\abs{t}$ distribution. To validate the use of starlight for $\Pgrb$
photoproduction, exclusive $\Pgpp\Pgpm\Pgpp\Pgpm$ events are selected in the
data. The data sample and the starlight simulation for $\Pgrb$ exclusive
photoproduction are studied by applying the same selection criteria as for the
$\Pgr^{0}$, except that on the number of tracks. Figure 1 shows a comparison
of the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distributions of the reconstructed $\Pgrb$ mesons in
the four pion event samples obtained from the data and the starlight
simulation. All combinations of two oppositely charged pions are plotted in
Fig. 1 if they have an invariant mass $0.5<M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}<1.2\GeV$. In
addition, the distribution of the same-sign events in the data is shown; they
come mostly from $\Pgrb$ decays with two missing pions. Figure 1 shows that
the data and the starlight results are in agreement, lending confidence to the
performance of this generator. These distributions provide a template for the
$\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distribution of the $\Pgrb$ background used to estimate its
contribution, as described in Section 0.6.

  * •

Proton dissociative $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction. This contribution is
suppressed by rejecting events with activity in the CASTOR, HE, HF, and ZDC
detectors. In order to determine the residual contribution, a sample of
dissociative events is selected by requiring activity in at least one of the
forward detectors (CASTOR, HF, or ZDC). This sample provides a template for
the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distribution of the dissociative events, under the
assumption that the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distribution is independent of the mass
of the dissociative system (the more forward the detector, the smaller the
masses to which it is sensitive). Finally, this template is used to estimate
the remaining dissociative background contributions, as discussed in Section
0.6.

  * •

Double pomeron exchange processes and photoproduction processes from
$\Pgg\mathrm{Pb}$ interactions. Since the strong force has short range, only
the nucleons on the surface of the nucleus may contribute to double pomeron
exchange interactions; the corresponding cross section is therefore negligible
[35]. For coherent processes in $\Pgg\mathrm{Pb}$ interactions, the size of
the lead ion restricts the mean of the VM to be about $60\MeV$, corresponding
to a de Broglie wavelength of the order of the nucleus size. Taking into
account the detector resolution, all coherent $\Pgr^{0}$ events have less than
$0.15\GeV$. Thus, events from $\Pgg\mathrm{Pb}$ interactions contribute to the
lowest $\abs{t}$ region, which is not included in this analysis.

Figure 1:  Comparison between the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distributions of the
reconstructed $\Pgrb$ mesons in the data (full symbols) and the starlight
simulation (histogram) when only two oppositely charged pions are selected.
The triangles correspond to same-sign two-track events (either $\Pgpp\Pgpp$ or
$\Pgpm\Pgpm$) in the data; they mostly come from $\Pgrb$ decays with two
undetected pions. The integrals of all three distributions are normalized to
unity. Vertical bars correspond to the statistical uncertainties. The region
to the left of the dashed vertical line is not included in the analysis (see
Section 0.5 for details).

##  0.6 Signal extraction

The extraction of the signal is carried out in two steps. First, the proton
dissociative and the $\Pgrb$ contributions are estimated by performing a fit
to the data as a function of $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$. This method relies on the
fact that exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ events contribute mainly to the
low-$\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ region ($\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}<0.7\GeV$), whereas
nonexclusive events dominate the high-$\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ region
($\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}>1.2\GeV$), and the $\Pgrb$ contribution is mostly at
intermediate $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ values ($0.7<\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}<1.2\GeV$). This
makes the identification of the proton dissociative and the $\Pgrb$
contributions robust. Second, the yield of exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ candidates is
extracted by performing a fit to the unfolded invariant mass distribution.
Since the events from exclusive $\Pgrb$ production have a different invariant
mass distribution from the signal events, they are subtracted before
correcting the data for acceptance and efficiency. Conversely, the proton
dissociative background has the same invariant mass and angular distributions
as the signal, and its effect is corrected after unfolding by scaling the
observed yields according to the fit performed in the first step.

To extract the normalizations of the proton dissociative and the $\Pgrb$
backgrounds, an unbinned maximum likelihood fit is performed to the data as a
function of $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ in the rapidity interval
$\abs{y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}<2$. The sum of the following distributions is fitted to
the data at the reconstructed level: the signal distribution and the
$\Pgpp\Pgpm$ continuum, as simulated by starlight, the distribution of the
proton dissociative background, which is extracted from the data control
sample, and the $\Pgrb$ fitting template, which is simulated using starlight.
The normalization of each of these components is determined from the fit. The
signal $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distribution generated by starlight is reweighted to
describe the data using the theory-inspired expression $\re^{-b\abs{t}}$ [15].
The initial $b$ value of starlight is $12\GeV^{-2}$ and the reweighted $b$ is
$13.1^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\stat\GeV^{-2}$.

The result of the fit of the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ distributions is shown in Fig.
2, including the systematic uncertainties associated with the fitting
procedure that are discussed in Section 0.7. The resulting residual proton-
dissociative and $\Pgrb$ contributions, over the whole rapidity interval, are
$18\pm 2\%$ and $20\pm 2\%\stat$, respectively. Similar fractions of proton
dissociative and $\Pgrb$ contributions are obtained in the four rapidity
intervals used in the differential cross section measurement as a function of
rapidity. This is consistent with the small energy dependence of these
processes in the energy range of this analysis. As seen in Fig. 2, the signal
and both background contributions are of the same order of magnitude around
$\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}=1\GeV$, corresponding to a signal-to-background ratio of
about 30%. For this reason, only the region $\abs{t}<1$ $\GeVns^{2}$ is used
in this measurement.

Figure 2:  The measured distribution of the reconstructed $\Pgpp\Pgpm$
transverse momentum (full circles) together with the fitted sum of signal and
backgrounds described in the text (red solid histogram). The starlight direct
$\Pgpp\Pgpm$ contribution (pink dotted histogram), the $\Pgrb$ background
(blue dotted-short-dashed histogram), and the proton-dissociative contribution
(green dotted-long-dashed histogram) are also shown. The shaded areas
represent the systematic uncertainties. The region to the left of the dashed
vertical line is not included in the analysis (see Section 0.5 for details).

The $\Pgrb$ background is subtracted in bins of invariant mass using the
normalization obtained from the $\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ fitting templates. The
invariant mass distribution is then unfolded using the iterative D’Agostini
method [36], which is regularized by four iterations. In particular, the
Bayesian iterative unfolding technique is used, as implemented in the
roounfold package [37]. This procedure leads to corrections for experimental
effects including possible data migration between bins. The response matrix is
obtained from starlight. The average of the combined acceptance and efficiency
is 0.13 and is almost independent of both and $\eta$, whereas it is sensitive
to the invariant mass.

The invariant mass shape of the $\Pgr^{0}$ in photoproduction deviates from
that of a pure Breit–Wigner resonance [38]. Several parameterizations of the
shape exist. One of the most often used is the Söding formula [39], where a
continuum amplitude $B$ is added to a Breit–Wigner distribution. Following the
recent results by the STAR Collaboration [23] and the earlier ones by the
DESY-MIT Collaboration [40], a further relativistic Breit-Wigner component is
added to account for $\Pgo$ photoproduction, followed by the decay
$\Pgo\to\Pgpp\Pgpm$. This leads to the following fitting function:

$\frac{\rd N_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}{\rd
M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}=\left|A\frac{\sqrt{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}M_{\Pgr}\Gamma_{\Pgr}}}{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}^{2}-M_{\Pgr^{0}}^{2}+iM_{\Pgr^{0}}\Gamma_{\Pgr}}+B+C\re^{i\phi_{\omega}}\frac{\sqrt{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}M_{\Pgo}\Gamma_{\Pgo\to\Pgp\Pgp}}}{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}^{2}-M_{\Pgo}^{2}+iM_{\Pgo^{0}}\Gamma_{\Pgo}}\right|^{2}.$

Here $A$ is the amplitude of the $\Pgr^{0}$ Breit–Wigner function, $B$ is the
amplitude of the direct nonresonant $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ production, $C$ is the
amplitude of the contribution, and the mass-dependent widths are given by

$\Gamma_{\Pgr}=\Gamma_{0}\frac{M_{\Pgr^{0}}}{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}\left[\frac{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}^{2}-4m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}{M_{\Pgr^{0}}^{2}-4m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}\right]^{\frac{3}{2}},$

and

$\Gamma_{\Pgo}=\Gamma_{0}\frac{M_{\Pgo}}{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}\left[\frac{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}^{2}-9m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}{M_{\Pgo}^{2}-9m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}\right]^{\frac{3}{2}},$

where $\Gamma_{0}$ is the pole width for each meson and $m_{\Pgppm}$ is the
charged pion mass. Since the branching fraction ($\mathcal{B}$) for
$\Pgo\to\Pgpp\Pgpm$ is small, only the first order term in the $\Pgo-\Pgr^{0}$
mass mixing theory is considered [40], leading to

$\Gamma_{\Pgo\to\Pgp\Pgp}=\mathcal{B}(\Pgo\to\Pgp\Pgp)\Gamma_{0}\frac{M_{\Pgo}}{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}\left[\frac{M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}^{2}-4m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}{M_{\Pgo}^{2}-4m_{\Pgppm}^{2}}\right]^{\frac{3}{2}},$

with $\mathcal{B}(\Pgo\to\Pgp\Pgp)=0.0153^{+0.0011}_{-0.0013}$ [33]. The H1
and ZEUS measurements did not include the $\Pgo-\Pgr^{0}$ interference
component, although the ZEUS data seem to indicate its effect in the mass
spectrum near 800 [17].

Figure 3:  Unfolded $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ invariant mass distribution in the pion pair
rapidity interval $\abs{y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}<2.0$ (full circles) fitted with the
modified Söding model. The results of the fit are also given (see text for
details). The green dashed line indicates resonant $\Pgr^{0}$ production, the
red dotted line the interference term, the black dash-dotted line the non-
resonant contribution, the dark blue dashed line the interference between
$\Pgr^{0}$ and $\Pgo$, and the blue solid line represents the sum of all these
contributions.

Figure 3 shows the fit of the unfolded distribution with the modifed Söding
model. A least squares fit is performed for the interval
$0.6<M_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}<1.1\GeV$, with the quantities $M_{\Pgr^{0}}$, $M_{\Pgo}$,
$\Gamma_{\Pgr^{0}}$, $\Gamma_{\Pgo}$, $A$, $B$, $C$, and $\phi_{\Pgo}$ treated
as free parameters. This model includes the interference between resonant
$\Pgr^{0}$ and direct $\Pgp^{+}\Pgp^{-}$ production, as well as between
$\Pgr^{0}$ and $\Pgo$ production. To correct for the reflection in the
$\Pgpp\Pgpm$ mass spectrum, a Gaussian function peaking around 500 [18] is
added as a further component of the invariant mass fit. This is only visible
at high $\abs{t}$ values, as shown in Fig. 4. The fit yields
$M_{\Pgr^{0}}=773\pm 1$and $\Gamma_{\Pgr^{0}}=148\pm 3\stat\MeV$, and
$M_{\Pgo}=776\pm 2$, consistent with the world average values [33]. The fitted
value of the width, $\Gamma_{\Pgo}=30\pm 5$, is instead larger than the world
average because of the detector resolution.

The $\abs{B/A}$ and $C/A$ fractions are also determined; they measure the
ratios of the nonresonant and contributions to the resonant $\Pgr^{0}$
production, respectively. Since the ZEUS Collaboration found that $\abs{B/A}$
decreases as $\abs{t}$ increases, the fit is repeated for $\abs{t}<0.5$
$\GeVns^{2}$ resulting in $0.50\pm 0.06$$\GeVns^{-1/2}$. For this kinematic
region H1 measured $\abs{B/A}=0.57\pm 0.09$$\GeVns^{-1/2}$ and ZEUS
$\abs{B/A}=0.70\pm 0.04$$\GeVns^{-1/2}$. If the fit is repeated without the
$\Pgo-\Pgr^{0}$ interference component, the result for $\abs{B/A}$ changes by
less than its statistical uncertainty. The measured ratio of the to $\Pgr^{0}$
amplitudes is $C/A=0.40\pm 0.06$, consistent with the prediction of starlight,
$C/A=0.32$, and the measurements of the STAR [23] and the DESY-MIT [40]
experiments, which report $C/A=0.36\pm 0.03$and $C/A=0.36\pm 0.04$,
respectively. The present fit gives a nonzero phase angle, $\phi_{\Pgo}=1.8\pm
0.3$, also in agreement with the previous measurements [23, 40].

Additionally, the fit is performed in $\abs{t}$ and $y$ bins as shown in Fig.
4. To ensure fit stability, the $M_{\Pgr^{0}}$, $M_{\Pgo}$,
$\Gamma_{\Pgr^{0}}$, $\Gamma_{\Pgo}$, $\phi_{\Pgo}$ and $\abs{C/A}$ parameters
are fixed to the values obtained for the full rapidity interval. The
$\Pgo\to\Pgpp\Pgpm\Pgpz$ contribution increases with $\abs{t}$, as reported by
the H1 Collaboration [18] and as seen in Fig. 4. The $\abs{B/A}$ ratio is
found to be independent of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ and decreases with $\abs{t}$, in
agreement with results reported by ZEUS [17].

Figure 4:  Unfolded $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ invariant mass distributions in the pion pair
rapidity interval $\abs{y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}}<2.0$ (full circles) fitted with the
Söding model in different $\abs{t}$ bins. The green dashed lines indicate
resonant $\Pgr^{0}$ production, the red dotted lines the interference term,
the magenta dash-dotted lines correspond to the background from
$\Pgo\to\Pgpz\Pgpp\Pgpm$, the black dash-dotted lines to the nonresonant
contribution, the dark blue dashed line to the interference between $\Pgr^{0}$
and $\Pgo$, and the blue solid lines represent the sum of all these
contributions.

##  0.7 Systematic uncertainties

The following sources of systematic uncertainty are considered.

Integrated luminosity determination: The uncertainty in the integrated
luminosity is 4% for both the pPb and Pbp samples [41].

Track reconstruction: The contribution of the tracking efficiency to the
systematic uncertainty is studied with the method described in Ref. [26],
where the ratio of yields of neutral charm mesons decaying to two-body and
four-body final states is compared with data and simulation for pion momenta
above 300. The accuracy of the detector simulation to reproduce the single-
pion tracking efficiency is 3.9%. For the present measurement, this yields a
7.8% uncertainty.

Unfolding: The uncertainty associated with the unfolding procedure is
determined by modifying the number of iterations used for the Bayesian
unfolding from the nominal value of 4 to 3 and 5. The resulting uncertainty is
smaller than that found when changing the model for building the response
matrix. The latter is estimated by comparing two different starlight samples:
resonant $\Pgr^{0}$ meson production, and combined resonant and nonresonant
$\Pgpp\Pgpm$ production. The resulting effect on the integrated cross section
is 3%.

Uncertainty in the photon flux: The uncertainty in the photon flux is 9% for
the high-$W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ data point and 2% at low $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$, as discussed in
Ref. [11]. The flux is computed in impact parameter space, convolved with the
probability of no hadronic interactions. The radius of the lead nucleus is
varied by the nuclear skin thickness ($\pm 0.5\unit{fm}$). In addition, in the
calculation of the photon flux, the $\Pgr^{0}$ pole mass in Eq. (1) is
replaced by the reconstructed $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ mass on an event-by-event basis.
The effect of this variation is negligible.

Calorimeter exclusivity: The uncertainty related to the exclusivity
requirements is evaluated by varying the calorimeter energy thresholds.
Increasing (or decreasing) the energy scale of the HF calorimeter towers by 5%
results in a 1.0% variation of the exclusive $\Pgpp\Pgpm$ yields. The CASTOR
energy scale is varied by $17\%$ [42], resulting in a difference of 1% in the
extracted $\Pgr^{0}$ yield. The variations of the energy thresholds for HE and
ZDC within their respective energy scale uncertainties have a negligible
effect.

Background estimation: The uncertainty in the $\Pgrb$ subtraction is evaluated
by varying the normalization of the $\Pgrb$ contribution by 20% with respect
to that obtained from the fit shown in Fig. 2. As mentioned in Section 5, the
proton dissociative background template is obtained by requiring a signal in
at least one of the forward detectors: HF, CASTOR, or ZDC. To calculate the
systematic uncertainty related to the estimation of this background, the
analysis is repeated five times and each time alternative combinations of
forward detectors are used to obtain the proton dissociative template. The
following variations are studied: i) HF alone; ii) CASTOR alone; iii) ZDC
alone; iv) HF or CASTOR; v) HF or ZDC. For each of these combinations the
proton dissociative contributions are obtained in each $\abs{t}$ and rapidity
bin. The maximum deviations from the nominal results are taken as conservative
estimates of the systematic uncertainty. The resulting effect on the
integrated exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction cross section is smaller than
10%.

Model dependence: In order to assess the uncertainty due to the model used to
fit the invariant mass distribution, the Ross–Stodolsky model [43] is used
instead of the Söding model. The resulting cross section changes by up to 8%,
depending on the rapidity and $\abs{t}$ interval studied. Another contribution
to the model dependence uncertainty comes from the reweighting procedure of
the starlight MC described in Section 0.6. This uncertainty is evaluated by
varying the reweighting parameter $b$ within its uncertainty; it is found to
increase as a function of $\abs{t}$, and reaches 32% for the highest $\abs{t}$
bin. The second contribution turns out to be dominant for all the rapidity and
$\abs{t}$ intervals studied. The uncertainty in the extrapolation to the
region $\abs{t}<0.025\GeV^{2}$ is model dependent. We estimated this
uncertainty by studying different fitting functions to the differential cross
section measurements. In particular, we studied a dipole form [28], a pure
exponential $\re^{-bt}$, and a modified exponential $\re^{-bt+ct^{2}}$. The
difference between the two most extreme extrapolated values is used as an
estimate of the model dependence uncertainty.

The values of the systematic uncertainties for all $y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ and
$\abs{t}$ intervals are summarized in Table 0.7. The systematic uncertainties
are added in quadrature for the integrated photoproduction cross section. For
the differential cross section results, the systematic uncertainties in Table
0.7 are treated as correlated between bins.

Summary of the systematic uncertainties in the $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction
cross section. The numbers are given in percent. The total uncertainty is
calculated by adding the individual uncertainties in quadrature.
$y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}$ interval $(-2.0,2.0)$ $(-2.0,-1.2)$ $(-1.2,0.0)$ $(0.0,1.2)$
$(1.2,2.0)$ Integrated luminosity 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 Track reconstruction 7.8
7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 Unfolding 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 Photon flux calculation 5.0 2.0
4.0 6.0 9.0 Calorimeter exclusivity 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 proton dissociation
$\abs{t}[\GeVns^{2}]$ 0.025–1.000 2.3 1.6 2.3 3.6 3.9 0.025–0.075 2.3 1.6 2.3
3.6 3.9 0.075–0.120 1.9 1.5 1.8 2.9 3.2 0.12–0.17 2.3 1.7 2.1 3.3 3.7
0.17–0.24 3.0 2.2 2.7 4.0 4.9 0.24–0.30 3.9 2.5 3.4 5.5 6.8 0.3–0.4 5.2 3.7
4.6 7.1 9.2 0.40–0.55 7.1 5.8 6.5 9.8 13.0 0.55–0.75 10.0 9.7 9.0 14.0 19.0
0.75–1.00 14.0 19.0 11.0 22.0 28.0 $\Pgrb$ background $\abs{t}[\GeVns^{2}]$
0.025–1.000 4.3 13.0 1.9 7.1 2.0 0.025–0.075 4.3 13.0 1.9 7.1 2.0 0.075–0.120
4.8 1.3 2.0 2.0 7.4 0.12–0.17 5.6 2.9 2.7 4.5 5.6 0.17–0.24 5.8 3.6 5.9 3.2
4.9 0.24–0.30 3.8 4.4 6.6 5.8 16.0 0.3–0.4 6.5 14.0 7.3 11.0 17.0 0.40–0.55
9.1 19.0 21.0 9.7 14.0 0.55–0.75 35.0 37.0 13.0 20.0 55.0 0.75–1.00 46.0 56.0
19.0 39.0 32.0 Model dependence $\abs{t}[\GeVns^{2}]$ 0.025–1.000 5.1 5.1 5.1
5.1 5.1 0.025–0.075 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.1 0.075–0.120 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5
0.12–0.17 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.5 0.17–0.24 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 0.24–0.30 12.0
12.0 12.0 12.0 11.0 0.3–0.4 15.0 16.0 16.0 15.0 15.0 0.40–0.55 20.0 20.0 20.0
20.0 20.0 0.55–0.75 26.0 26.0 26.0 26.0 25.0 0.75–1.00 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
32.0

##  0.8 Results

The differential cross section for exclusive photoproduction of $\Pgr^{0}$
mesons is given by

$\frac{\rd\sigma}{\rd
y}=\frac{N^{\text{exc}}_{\Pgr^{0}}}{\mathcal{B}(\Pgr^{0}\to\Pgp^{+}\Pgp^{-})L\Delta
y},$

where $N^{\text{exc}}_{\Pgr^{0}}$ is the corrected number of exclusive
$\Pgr^{0}$ events obtained from the fits described in Section 0.6 by
integrating the resonant component in the interval
$0.28<M_{\Pgr^{0}}<1.50\GeV$
($2M_{\Pgppm}<M_{\Pgr^{0}}<M_{\Pgr^{0}}+5\Gamma_{\Pgr^{0}}$); $\mathcal{B}$ is
the branching fraction, which equals about $0.99$ for the
$\Pgr^{0}\to\Pgp^{+}\Pgp^{-}$ decay [33], $\Delta y$ is the rapidity interval,
and $L$ is the integrated luminosity of the data sample. The cross section
$\rd\sigma/\rd y(\Pp\mathrm{Pb}\to\Pp\mathrm{Pb}\Pgr^{0})$ is related to the
photon-proton cross section,
$\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp)\equiv\sigma(W_{\Pgg\Pp})$, through the photon
flux, $\rd n/\rd k$:

$\frac{\rd\sigma}{\rd y}(\Pp\mathrm{Pb}\to\Pp\mathrm{Pb}\Pgr^{0})=k\frac{\rd
n}{\rd k}\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp).$

Here, $k$ is the photon energy, which is determined from the $\Pgr^{0}$ mass
and rapidity, according to the formula

$k=(1/2)M_{\Pgr^{0}}\exp{(-y_{\Pgr^{0}})}.$ (1)

The average photon flux and the average centre-of-mass energy ($\langle
W_{\Pgg\Pp}\rangle$) values in each rapidity interval are calculated using
starlight.

Differential cross section for exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction,
$\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp)$, with statistical and systematic
uncertainties, for $\abs{t}<0.5$ $\GeVns^{2}$. The differential cross section
$\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ is also shown, along with the rapidity range, the
average value of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$, $\langle W_{\Pgg\Pp}\rangle$, and $k\frac{\rd
n}{\rd k}$.  $y$ range (-2.0, 2.0) (-2.0, -1.2) (-1.2, 0.0) (0.0, 1.2) (1.2,
2.0) $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ range [] (29, 213) (29, 43) (43, 78) (78, 143) (143, 213)
$\langle W_{\Pgg\Pp}\rangle$ [] 92.6 35.6 59.2 108.0 176.0 $k\frac{\rd n}{\rd
k}$ 136.0 186.0 155.0 117.0 86.2 $\rd\sigma/\rd y$ [$\mu$b] 11.0 9.1 9.9 12.4
12.9 Stat. unc. [$\mu$b] 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.4 2.6 Syst. unc. [$\mu$b] 1.0 0.8 0.9
1.1 1.3 $\abs{t}$[2] $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ [$\mu$b/2] $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$
[$\mu$b/2] $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ [$\mu$b/2] $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ [$\mu$b/2]
$\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ [$\mu$b/2] 0.025–0.075 56.0$\pm$2.2$\pm$6.4
47.0$\pm$4.5$\pm$4.9 50.0$\pm$4.1$\pm$5.5 57.7$\pm$6.1$\pm$6.9
74.5$\pm$7.9$\pm$10.2 0.075–0.125 33.6$\pm$1.0$\pm$3.9 26.0$\pm$2.3$\pm$2.8
30.2$\pm$1.9$\pm$3.4 39.1$\pm$3.2$\pm$4.7 39.3$\pm$3.4$\pm$5.5 0.125–0.175
24.4$\pm$0.8$\pm$3.0 22.1$\pm$2.1$\pm$2.6 18.8$\pm$1.2$\pm$2.3
24.3$\pm$2.2$\pm$3.1 26.6$\pm$2.3$\pm$3.9 0.175–0.240 15.5$\pm$0.7$\pm$2.1
10.9$\pm$1.3$\pm$1.4 14.6$\pm$1.2$\pm$2.0 16.5$\pm$1.9$\pm$2.4
14.1$\pm$1.7$\pm$2.2 0.24–0.30 10.2$\pm$0.6$\pm$1.6 6.7$\pm$0.8$\pm$1.0
9.7$\pm$0.9$\pm$1.5 11.8 $\pm$1.9$\pm$1.9 8.1$\pm$1.1$\pm$1.4 0.3–0.4
5.2$\pm$0.4$\pm$1.0 5.0$\pm$0.9$\pm$0.9 4.0$\pm$0.5$\pm$0.8
6.6$\pm$1.5$\pm$1.3 3.3$\pm$0.6$\pm$0.7 0.40–0.55 3.5$\pm$0.4$\pm$0.8
2.2$\pm$0.6$\pm$0.5 3.4$\pm$0.6$\pm$0.8 3.0$\pm$1.0$\pm$0.7
1.9$\pm$0.5$\pm$0.5 0.55–0.75 1.4$\pm$0.3$\pm$0.5 0.94$\pm$0.44$\pm$0.37
1.5$\pm$0.3$\pm$0.6 1.2$\pm$0.6$\pm$0.5 1.0$\pm$0.3$\pm$0.4 0.75–1.00
0.52$\pm$0.14$\pm$0.27 0.37$\pm$0.28$\pm$0.19 0.50$\pm$0.12$\pm$0.26
0.60$\pm$0.47$\pm$0.31 0.38$\pm$0.22$\pm$0.20

Figure 5:  Differential cross section $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ (full circles) in
four different rapidity bins. The error bars show the statistical uncertainty,
whereas the shaded areas represent the statistical and systematic
uncertainties added in quadrature. The dashed lines show the unweighted
starlight predictions.

The unfolded invariant mass distribution is studied in different $\abs{t}$
bins, and the extraction of the $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction cross section is
performed in each bin. In order to compare with the HERA results, the -related
measurements are presented in terms of $\abs{t}$, which is approximated as
$\abs{t}\approx(\pt^{\Pgpp\Pgpm})^{2}$. Figure 5 shows the differential cross
sections as a function of $\abs{t}$, together with the unweighted starlight
prediction, whose slope parameter is independent of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$. The
starlight prediction is systematically higher than the data in the
high-$\abs{t}$ region. This trend becomes more significant as $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$
increases.

Figure 6:  Differential cross section $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ (full circles)
for exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction in the rapidity interval
$-1.2<y_{\Pgpp\Pgpm}<0$. The square symbols indicate the H1 results, and the
triangles the ZEUS results. The error bars show the statistical uncertainty,
while the shaded areas represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties
added in quadrature. For the H1 data [18], the error bars represent the
statistical and systematic uncertainties added in quadrature, and for the ZEUS
data [17] the reported uncertainties are negligible.

Figure 6 shows the differential cross section $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ in the
rapidity interval $-1.2<y(\Pgpp\Pgpm)<0$ compared with the H1 and ZEUS results
[18, 17] in a similar $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ range.

Figure 7:  The slope parameter $b$ extracted from the exponential fits of the
differential cross sections $\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ shown as a function of
$W_{\Pgg\Pp}$. The inner error bars show the statistical uncertainty, while
the outer error bars indicate the statistical and systematic uncertainties
added in quadrature. The dashed line shows the result of the Regge fit
discussed in the text.

The differential cross section as a function of $\abs{t}$ is fitted with the
form $A\re^{-bt+ct{{}^{2}}}$ in the region $0.025<\abs{t}<0.5$ $\GeVns^{2}$.
For the integrated rapidity bin the fit gives $b=9.2\pm 0.7$$\GeVns^{-2}$ and
$c=4.6\pm 1.6$$\GeVns^{-4}$. The resulting values of the slope $b$ are shown
in Fig. 7 as a function of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$, together with those measured by H1
and ZEUS [18, 17]. The values of the parameter $c$ are found to be constant
within the fit uncertainties. The Regge formula [44]
$b=b_{0}+2\alpha^{\prime}\ln(W_{\Pgg\Pp}/W_{0})^{2}$, which parametrizes the
dependence of $b$ on the collision energy, is fitted to the data using
$W_{0}=92.6$, the average centre-of-mass energy of the present data. The fit
to the CMS data alone gives a pomeron slope of $\alpha^{\prime}=0.28\pm
0.11\stat\pm 0.12$$\GeVns^{-2}$, consistent with the ZEUS [17] value and the
Regge expectation of $0.25~{}\GeVns^{-2}$.

The resulting photon-proton cross section, obtained for $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ between
29 and 213($\langle W_{\Pgg\Pp}\rangle$ = 92.6) is extrapolated to the range
$0<\abs{t}<0.5~{}\GeVns^{2}$ using the exponential fits just discussed and the
starlight predictions in order to allow direct comparison with previous
experiments. The resulting value is $\sigma$ = 11.0 $\pm$ 1.4 $\pm$ 1.0$\mu$b.
The photon-proton cross section values, $\sigma(\Pgg\Pp\to\Pgr^{0}\Pp)$, for
all rapidity bins are presented in Table 0.8 and Fig. 8. Figure 8 also shows a
compilation of fixed-target [45, 46, 47, 48] and HERA results [18, 17]. The
results of two fits are shown in Fig. 8. The dashed line indicates the result
of a fit to all the plotted data with the formula
$\sigma=\alpha_{1}W^{\delta_{1}}_{\Pgg\Pp}+\alpha_{2}W^{\delta_{2}}_{\Pgg\Pp}$
(see e.g. [19, 20]). The fit describes the data well and yields the values
$\delta_{1}$ = $-$0.81 $\pm$ 0.04$\pm$ 0.09, $\delta_{2}$ = 0.36 $\pm$
0.07$\pm$ 0.05. The CMS and HERA data are also fitted with the function
$\sigma=\alpha W^{\delta}_{\Pgg\Pp}$ as shown in Fig. 8. The fit yields
$\delta$ = 0.24 $\pm$ 0.13$\pm$ 0.04. Only statistical and uncorrelated
systematic uncertainties are considered in these fits.

Figure 8:  Exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction cross section as a function of
$W_{\Pgg\Pp}$. The inner bars show the statistical uncertainty, while the
outer bars represent the statistical and systematic uncertainties added in
quadrature. Fixed-target [45, 46, 47, 48] and HERA [18, 17] data are also
shown. The dashed lines indicate the results of the fits described in the
text.

##  0.9 Summary

The CMS Collaboration has made the first measurement of exclusive $\Pgr^{0}$
photoproduction off protons in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$. The cross section for this process is measured in the
photon-proton centre-of-mass energy interval $29<W_{\Pgg\Pp}<213\GeV$. The
results are consistent with those of the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA,
indicating that ion-proton collisions can be used in the same way as electron-
proton ones, with ions acting as a source of quasi-real photons. The
combination of the present data and the earlier, lower energy results agrees
with theory-inspired fits. The differential cross section
$\rd\sigma/\rd\abs{t}$ for $\Pgr^{0}$ photoproduction is measured as a
function of $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$. The starlight prediction is systematically higher
than the data in the high-$\abs{t}$ region. This trend becomes more
significant as $W_{\Pgg\Pp}$ increases.

###### Acknowledgements.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the
excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative
staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the
success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the
computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for
delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our
analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction
and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following
funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,
CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC
(China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus);
SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC,
and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany);
GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI
(Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania);
MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI
(Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT
(Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia);
SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei);
ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU
and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have
received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research
Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440 (European Union); the
Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la
Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-
Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-
Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science –
EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports
(MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendület (“Momentum”) Programme and the
János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the
New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842,
123959, 124845, 124850, and 125105 (Hungary); the Council of Science and
Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for
Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the
Mobility Plus programme of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the
National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus
2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis
2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar
National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación
Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and
the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia
programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot
Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the
Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project
(Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens
Foundation (USA).

## References

  * [1] A. J. Baltz, “The physics of ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC”,  Phys. Rept. 458 (2008) 1, 10.1016/j.physrep.2007.12.001, arXiv:0706.3356.
  * [2] J. G. Contreras and J. D. Tapia Takaki, “Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions at the LHC”,  Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 30 (2015) 1542012, 10.1142/S0217751X15420129.
  * [3] L. Frankfurt, M. Strikman, and M. Zhalov, “Elastic and large t rapidity gap vector meson production in ultraperipheral proton-ion collisions”,  Phys. Lett. B 640 (2006) 162, 10.1016/j.physletb.2006.07.059, arXiv:hep-ph/0605160.
  * [4] V. Guzey and M. Zhalov, “Rapidity and momentum transfer distributions of coherent $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral pPb collisions at the LHC”,  JHEP 02 (2014) 046, 10.1007/JHEP02(2014)046, arXiv:1307.6689.
  * [5] N. Armesto and A. H. Rezaeian, “Exclusive vector meson production at high energies and gluon saturation”,  Phys. Rev. D 90 (2014) 054003, 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.054003, arXiv:1402.4831.
  * [6] T. Toll and T. Ullrich, “Exclusive diffractive processes in electron-ion collisions”,  Phys. Rev. C 87 (2013) 024913, 10.1103/PhysRevC.87.024913, arXiv:1211.3048.
  * [7] S. P. Jones, A. D. Martin, M. G. Ryskin, and T. Teubner, “Probes of the small $x$ gluon via exclusive $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ production at HERA and the LHC”,  JHEP 11 (2013) 085, 10.1007/JHEP11(2013)085, arXiv:1307.7099.
  * [8] V. P. Goncalves, F. S. Navarra, and D. Spiering, “Exclusive and $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral $pA$ collisions: Predictions of the gluon saturation models for the momentum transfer distributions”,  Phys. Lett. B 791 (2019) 299, 10.1016/j.physletb.2019.03.007, arXiv:1811.09124.
  * [9] J. Cepila, J. G. Contreras, M. Krelina, and J. D. Tapia Takaki, “Mass dependence of vector meson photoproduction off protons and nuclei within the energy-dependent hot-spot model”,  Nucl. Phys. B 934 (2018) 330, 10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2018.07.010, arXiv:1804.05508.
  * [10] J. Cepila, J. G. Contreras, and J. D. Tapia Takaki, “Energy dependence of dissociative $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ photoproduction as a signature of gluon saturation at the LHC”,  Phys. Lett. B 766 (2017) 186, 10.1016/j.physletb.2016.12.063, arXiv:1608.07559.
  * [11] ALICE Collaboration, “Exclusive $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ photoproduction off protons in ultraperipheral p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 (2014) 232504, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.232504, arXiv:1406.7819.
  * [12] ALICE Collaboration, “Coherent $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  Phys. Lett. B 718 (2013) 1273, 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.11.059, arXiv:1209.3715.
  * [13] LHCb Collaboration, “Updated measurements of exclusive $\mathrm{J/}\psi$ and $\psi$(2s) production cross-sections in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  J. Phys. G 41 (2014) 055002, 10.1088/0954-3899/41/5/055002, arXiv:1401.3288.
  * [14] LHCb Collaboration, “Measurement of the exclusive Y production cross-section in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7~{}\mathrm{TeV}~{}\mathrm{and}~{}8~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  JHEP 09 (2015) 084, 10.1007/JHEP09(2015)084, arXiv:1505.08139.
  * [15] T. H. Bauer, R. D. Spital, D. R. Yennie, and F. M. Pipkin, “The hadronic properties of the photon in high-energy interactions”,  Rev. Mod. Phys. 50 (1978) 261, 10.1103/RevModPhys.50.261. [Erratum: 10.1103/RevModPhys.51.407].
  * [16] J. A. Crittenden, “Exclusive production of neutral vector mesons at the electron - proton collider HERA”.  PhD thesis, Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Bonn, 1997.  arXiv:hep-ex/9704009.  DESY-97-068, BONN-IR-97-01.
  * [17] ZEUS Collaboration, “Elastic and proton dissociative $\rho^{0}$ photoproduction at HERA”,  Eur. Phys. J. C 2 (1998) 247, 10.1007/s100529800834, arXiv:hep-ex/9712020.
  * [18] H1 Collaboration, “Elastic photoproduction of $\rho^{0}$ mesons at HERA”,  Nucl. Phys. B 463 (1996) 3, 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00045-4, arXiv:hep-ex/9601004.
  * [19] P. Newman and M. Wing, “The hadronic final state at HERA”,  Rev. Mod. Phys. 86 (2014) 1037, 10.1103/RevModPhys.86.1037, arXiv:1308.3368.
  * [20] L. Favart, M. Guidal, T. Horn, and P. Kroll, “Deeply virtual meson production on the nucleon”,  Eur. Phys. J. A 52 (2016) 158, 10.1140/epja/i2016-16158-2, arXiv:1511.04535.
  * [21] STAR Collaboration, “Coherent $\rho^{0}$ production in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions”,  Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 272302, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.272302, arXiv:nucl-ex/0206004.
  * [22] STAR Collaboration, “$\rho^{0}$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral relativistic heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200~{}\mathrm{GeV}$”,  Phys. Rev. C 77 (2008) 034910, 10.1103/PhysRevC.77.034910, arXiv:0712.3320.
  * [23] STAR Collaboration, “Coherent diffractive photoproduction of $\rho^{0}$ mesons on gold nuclei at $200~{}\mathrm{GeV}$/nucleon-pair at the relativistic heavy ion collider”,  Phys. Rev. C 96 (2017) 054904, 10.1103/PhysRevC.96.054904, arXiv:1702.07705.
  * [24] ALICE Collaboration, “Coherent $\rho^{0}$ photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  JHEP 09 (2015) 095, 10.1007/JHEP09(2015)095, arXiv:1503.09177.
  * [25] L. Frankfurt, V. Guzey, M. Strikman, and M. Zhalov, “Nuclear shadowing in photoproduction of $\rho(770)^{0}$ mesons in ultraperipheral nucleus collisions at RHIC and the LHC”,  Phys. Lett. B 752 (2016) 51, 10.1016/j.physletb.2015.11.012, arXiv:1506.07150.
  * [26] CMS Collaboration, “Description and performance of track and primary-vertex reconstruction with the CMS tracker”,  JINST 9 (2014) P10009, 10.1088/1748-0221/9/10/P10009, arXiv:1405.6569.
  * [27] CMS Collaboration, “The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC”,  JINST 3 (2008) S08004, 10.1088/1748-0221/3/08/S08004.
  * [28] S. R. Klein et al., “STARLIGHT: A Monte Carlo simulation program for ultra-peripheral collisions of relativistic ions”,  Comput. Phys. Commun. 212 (2017) 258, 10.1016/j.cpc.2016.10.016, arXiv:1607.03838.
  * [29] GEANT4 Collaboration, “—a simulation toolkit”,  Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 506 (2003) 250, 10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8.
  * [30] CMS Collaboration, “The CMS trigger system”,  JINST 12 (2017) P01020, 10.1088/1748-0221/12/01/P01020, arXiv:1609.02366.
  * [31] CMS Collaboration, “CMS tracking performance results from early LHC operation”,  Eur. Phys. J. C 70 (2010) 1165, 10.1140/epjc/s10052-010-1491-3, arXiv:1007.1988.
  * [32] H1 Collaboration, “Diffractive electroproduction of $\rho$ and $\phi$ mesons at HERA”,  JHEP 05 (2010) 032, 10.1007/JHEP05(2010)032, arXiv:0910.5831.
  * [33] Particle Data Group, M. Tanabashi et al., “Review of particle physics”,  Phys. Rev. D 98 (2018) 030001, 10.1103/PhysRevD.98.030001.
  * [34] STAR Collaboration, “Observation of $\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy-ion Collisions at STAR”,  Phys. Rev. C 81 (2010) 044901, 10.1103/PhysRevC.81.044901, arXiv:0912.0604.
  * [35] A. J. Schramm and D. H. Reeves, “Production of $\eta$ mesons in double Pomeron exchange”,  Phys. Rev. D 55 (1997) 7312, 10.1103/PhysRevD.55.7312, arXiv:hep-ph/9611330.
  * [36] G. D’Agostini, “A multidimensional unfolding method based on Bayes theorem”,  Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 362 (1995) 487, 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00274-X.
  * [37] T. Adye, “Unfolding algorithms and tests using RooUnfold”, in  Proceedings, PHYSTAT 2011 Workshop on Statistical Issues Related to Discovery Claims in Search Experiments and Unfolding, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 17-20 January 2011, p. 313, CERN.  CERN, Geneva, 2011.  arXiv:1105.1160.  10.5170/CERN-2011-006.313.
  * [38] G. McClellan et al., “Photoproduction of neutral $\rho^{0}$ mesons”,  Phys. Rev. D 4 (1971) 2683, 10.1103/PhysRevD.4.2683.
  * [39] P. Söding, “On the apparent shift of the $\rho$ meson mass in photoproduction”,  Phys. Lett. 19 (1966) 702, 10.1016/0031-9163(66)90451-3.
  * [40] H. Alvensleben et al., “Precise determination of rho-omega interference parameters from photoproduction of vector mesons off nucleon and nuclei”,  Phys. Rev. Lett. 27 (1971) 888, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.27.888.
  * [41] CMS Collaboration, “Luminosity calibration for the 2013 proton-lead and proton-proton data taking”, CMS Physics Analysis Summary CMS-PAS-LUM-13-002, 2013.
  * [42] CMS Collaboration, “Measurement of the inclusive energy spectrum in the very forward direction in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13~{}\mathrm{TeV}$”,  JHEP 08 (2017) 046, 10.1007/JHEP08(2017)046, arXiv:1701.08695.
  * [43] M. H. Ross and L. Stodolsky, “Photon dissociation model for vector meson photoproduction”,  Phys. Rev. 149 (1966) 1172, 10.1103/PhysRev.149.1172.
  * [44] K. A. Goulianos, “Diffractive interactions of hadrons at high energies”,  Phys. Rept. 101 (1983) 169, 10.1016/0370-1573(83)90010-8.
  * [45] E665 Collaboration, “Diffractive production of $\rho^{0}(770)$ mesons in muon-proton interactions at 470-GeV”,  Z. Phys. C 74 (1997) 237, 10.1007/s002880050386.
  * [46] D. G. Cassel et al., “Exclusive $\rho^{0}$, $\omega$ and $\phi$ electroproduction”,  Phys. Rev. D 24 (1981) 2787, 10.1103/PhysRevD.24.2787.
  * [47] CLAS Collaboration, “Exclusive $\rho^{0}$ meson electroproduction from hydrogen at CLAS”,  Phys. Lett. B 605 (2005) 256, 10.1016/j.physletb.2004.11.019, arXiv:hep-ex/0408005.
  * [48] CLAS Collaboration, “Exclusive $\rho^{0}$ electroproduction on the proton at CLAS”,  Eur. Phys. J. A 39 (2009) 5, 10.1140/epja/i2008-10683-5, arXiv:0807.3834.

##  .10 The CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A.M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, M. Dragicevic,
J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, R. Frühwirth1, V.M. Ghete, J.
Hrubec, M. Jeitler1, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I.
Mikulec, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck1, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D.
Spitzbart, A. Taurok, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz1, M. Zarucki
Institute for Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez Universiteit Antwerpen,
Antwerpen, Belgium
E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Pieters, M. Van De
Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover,
G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L.
Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders,
I. Van Parijs Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B.
Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A.K. Kalsi, T.
Lenzi, J. Luetic, L. Moureaux, N. Postiau, E. Starling, L. Thomas, C. Vander
Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, Q. Wang Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov2, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas,
D. Trocino, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit, N. Zaganidis
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, P. David, C.
Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A.
Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono,
S. Wertz, J. Zobec Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
F.L. Alves, G.A. Alves, L. Brito, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, M.E.
Pol, P. Rebello Teles Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil
E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato3, E. Coelho, E.M.
Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira4, D. De Jesus Damiao, C. De Oliveira Martins, S.
Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Melo De Almeida, C.
Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, W.L. Prado Da Silva, L.J. Sanchez Rosas,
A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, E.J. Tonelli Manganote3, F. Torres Da Silva
De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a, Universidade
Federal do ABC b, São Paulo, Brazil
S. Ahujaa, C.A. Bernardesa, L. Calligarisa, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M.
Gregoresb, P.G. Mercadanteb, S.F. Novaesa, SandraS. Padulaa, D. Romero Abadb
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, A. Marinov, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov,
M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang5, X. Gao5, L. Yuan Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
M. Ahmad, J.G. Bian, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, C.H. Jiang, D.
Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, F. Romeo, S.M. Shaheen6, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, C. Wang,
Z. Wang, E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, J. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics
and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y. Ban, G. Chen, A. Levin, J. Li, L. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S.J. Qian, D. Wang, Z.
Xu Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y. Wang Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, L.F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez,
C.F. González Hernández, M.A. Segura Delgado University of Split, Faculty of
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split,
Croatia
B. Courbon, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac University of Split,
Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, B. Mesic, A. Starodumov7, T. Susa
University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, M. Kolosova, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou,
F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski Charles University, Prague, Czech
Republic
M. Finger8, M. Finger Jr.8 Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab
Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
A. Ellithi Kamel9, M.A. Mahmoud10,11, E. Salama11,12 National Institute of
Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M.
Kadastik, M. Raidal, C. Veelken Department of Physics, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, H. Kirschenmann, J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen Helsinki Institute of
Physics, Helsinki, Finland
J. Havukainen, J.K. Heikkilä, T. Järvinen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T.
Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, T.
Mäenpää, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi Lappeenranta University of
Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
T. Tuuva IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F. Ferri, S.
Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, C. Leloup,
E. Locci, J. Malcles, G. Negro, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin, M. Titov
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Université
Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
A. Abdulsalam13, C. Amendola, I. Antropov, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, C.
Charlot, R. Granier de Cassagnac, I. Kucher, S. Lisniak, A. Lobanov, J. Martin
Blanco, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Paganini, P. Pigard, R. Salerno,
J.B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A.G. Stahl Leiton, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche Université de
Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
J.-L. Agram14, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, V. Cherepanov,
C. Collard, E. Conte14, J.-C. Fontaine14, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach, M. Jansová,
A.-C. Le Bihan, N. Tonon, P. Van Hove Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National
de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne,
France
S. Gadrat Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3,
Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, N. Chanon, R. Chierici, D. Contardo, P.
Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, L. Finco, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, G.
Grenier, B. Ille, F. Lagarde, I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, M. Lethuillier, L.
Mirabito, A.L. Pequegnot, S. Perries, A. Popov15, V. Sordini, M. Vander
Donckt, S. Viret, S. Zhang Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
A. Khvedelidze8 Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
I. Bagaturia16 RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen,
Germany
C. Autermann, L. Feld, M.K. Kiesel, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, M. Preuten, M.P.
Rauch, C. Schomakers, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde, B. Wittmer, V. Zhukov15 RWTH
Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
A. Albert, D. Duchardt, M. Endres, M. Erdmann, T. Esch, R. Fischer, S. Ghosh,
A. Güth, T. Hebbeker, C. Heidemann, K. Hoepfner, H. Keller, S. Knutzen, L.
Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, S. Mukherjee, T. Pook, M.
Radziej, H. Reithler, M. Rieger, F. Scheuch, A. Schmidt, D. Teyssier RWTH
Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
G. Flügge, O. Hlushchenko, B. Kargoll, T. Kress, A. Künsken, T. Müller, A.
Nehrkorn, A. Nowack, C. Pistone, O. Pooth, H. Sert, A. Stahl17 Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
M. Aldaya Martin, T. Arndt, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, I. Babounikau, K.
Beernaert, O. Behnke, U. Behrens, A. Bermúdez Martínez, D. Bertsche, A.A. Bin
Anuar, K. Borras18, V. Botta, A. Campbell, P. Connor, C. Contreras-Campana, F.
Costanza, V. Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis, C. Diez Pardos, D. Domínguez
Damiani, G. Eckerlin, T. Eichhorn, A. Elwood, E. Eren, E. Gallo19, A. Geiser,
J.M. Grados Luyando, A. Grohsjean, P. Gunnellini, M. Guthoff, M. Haranko, A.
Harb, J. Hauk, H. Jung, M. Kasemann, J. Keaveney, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D.
Krücker, W. Lange, A. Lelek, T. Lenz, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann20, R. Mankel, I.-A.
Melzer-Pellmann, A.B. Meyer, M. Meyer, M. Missiroli, G. Mittag, J. Mnich, V.
Myronenko, S.K. Pflitsch, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, M. Savitskyi, P. Saxena, P.
Schütze, C. Schwanenberger, R. Shevchenko, A. Singh, N. Stefaniuk, H. Tholen,
O. Turkot, A. Vagnerini, G.P. Van Onsem, R. Walsh, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C.
Wissing, O. Zenaiev University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, V. Blobel, M. Centis Vignali, T.
Dreyer, E. Garutti, D. Gonzalez, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina, G.
Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, N. Kovalchuk, S. Kurz, V. Kutzner, J. Lange,
D. Marconi, J. Multhaup, M. Niedziela, D. Nowatschin, A. Perieanu, A. Reimers,
O. Rieger, C. Scharf, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt, J. Sonneveld, H.
Stadie, G. Steinbrück, F.M. Stober, M. Stöver, D. Troendle, A. Vanhoefer, B.
Vormwald Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
M. Akbiyik, C. Barth, M. Baselga, S. Baur, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, F.
Colombo, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, N. Faltermann, B. Freund, M. Giffels, M.A.
Harrendorf, F. Hartmann17, S.M. Heindl, U. Husemann, F. Kassel17, I. Katkov15,
S. Kudella, H. Mildner, S. Mitra, M.U. Mozer, Th. Müller, M. Plagge, G. Quast,
K. Rabbertz, M. Schröder, I. Shvetsov, G. Sieber, H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, S.
Wayand, M. Weber, T. Weiler, S. Williamson, C. Wöhrmann, R. Wolf Institute of
Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, G.
Paspalaki, I. Topsis-Giotis National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
G. Karathanasis, S. Kesisoglou, P. Kontaxakis, A. Panagiotou, N. Saoulidou, E.
Tziaferi, K. Vellidis National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis University of Ioánnina,
Ioánnina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, S. Mallios, N.
Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, E. Paradas, J. Strologas, F.A. Triantis, D.
Tsitsonis MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
M. Bartók21, M. Csanad, N. Filipovic, P. Major, M.I. Nagy, G. Pasztor, O.
Surányi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath22, Á. Hunyadi, F. Sikler, T.Á. Vámi, V.
Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$ Institute of Nuclear
Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
N. Beni, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi23, A. Makovec, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi
Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari Indian Institute of Science (IISc),
Bangalore, India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri, P.C. Tiwari National Institute of Science
Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati24, C. Kar, P. Mal, K. Mandal, A. Nayak25, D.K. Sahoo24, S.K.
Swain Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, S. Chauhan, R. Chawla, N. Dhingra, R.
Gupta, A. Kaur, A. Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kaur, R. Kumar, P. Kumari, M. Lohan, A.
Mehta, K. Sandeep, S. Sharma, J.B. Singh, G. Walia University of Delhi, Delhi,
India
A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, Ashok Kumar, S.
Malhotra, M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, Aashaq Shah, R. Sharma Saha
Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
R. Bhardwaj26, M. Bharti, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, U. Bhawandeep26,
D. Bhowmik, S. Dey, S. Dutt26, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, K. Mondal, S. Nandan, A.
Purohit, P.K. Rout, A. Roy, S. Roy Chowdhury, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh,
S. Thakur26 Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
R. Chudasama, D. Dutta, V. Jha, V. Kumar, P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P.
Shukla Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, G.B. Mohanty, N. Sur, B. Sutar, RavindraKumar
Verma Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, P. Das, M. Guchait, Sa. Jain, S.
Karmakar, S. Kumar, M. Maity27, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, N. Sahoo, T.
Sarkar27 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune,
India
S. Chauhan, S. Dube, V. Hegde, A. Kapoor, K. Kothekar, S. Pandey, A. Rane, S.
Sharma Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani28, E. Eskandari Tadavani, S.M. Etesami28, M. Khakzad, M.
Mohammadi Najafabadi, M. Naseri, F. Rezaei Hosseinabadi, B. Safarzadeh29, M.
Zeinali University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b,
Politecnico di Bari c, Bari, Italy
M. Abbresciaa,b, C. Calabriaa,b, A. Colaleoa, D. Creanzaa,c, L. Cristellaa,b,
N. De Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, A. Di Florioa,b, F. Erricoa,b, L. Fiorea,
A. Gelmia,b, G. Iasellia,c, M. Incea,b, S. Lezkia,b, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia,
G. Minielloa,b, S. Mya,b, S. Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c, R.
Radognaa, A. Ranieria, G. Selvaggia,b, A. Sharmaa, L. Silvestrisa, R.
Vendittia, P. Verwilligena, G. Zitoa INFN Sezione di Bologna a, Università di
Bologna b, Bologna, Italy
G. Abbiendia, C. Battilanaa,b, D. Bonacorsia,b, L. Borgonovia,b, S. Braibant-
Giacomellia,b, R. Campaninia,b, P. Capiluppia,b, A. Castroa,b, F.R. Cavalloa,
S.S. Chhibraa,b, C. Cioccaa, G. Codispotia,b, M. Cuffiania,b, G.M.
Dallavallea, F. Fabbria, A. Fanfania,b, P. Giacomellia, C. Grandia, L.
Guiduccia,b, F. Iemmia,b, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia, A. Montanaria, F.L.
Navarriaa,b, A. Perrottaa, F. Primaveraa,b,17, A.M. Rossia,b, T. Rovellia,b,
G.P. Sirolia,b, N. Tosia INFN Sezione di Catania a, Università di Catania b,
Catania, Italy
S. Albergoa,b, A. Di Mattiaa, R. Potenzaa,b, A. Tricomia,b, C. Tuvea,b INFN
Sezione di Firenze a, Università di Firenze b, Firenze, Italy
G. Barbaglia, K. Chatterjeea,b, V. Ciullia,b, C. Civininia, R.
D’Alessandroa,b, E. Focardia,b, G. Latino, P. Lenzia,b, M. Meschinia, S.
Paolettia, L. Russoa,30, G. Sguazzonia, D. Stroma, L. Viliania INFN Laboratori
Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, F. Fabbri, D. Piccolo INFN Sezione di Genova a,
Università di Genova b, Genova, Italy
F. Ferroa, F. Raveraa,b, E. Robuttia, S. Tosia,b INFN Sezione di Milano-
Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b, Milano, Italy
A. Benagliaa, A. Beschib, L. Brianzaa,b, F. Brivioa,b, V. Cirioloa,b,17, S. Di
Guidaa,d,17, M.E. Dinardoa,b, S. Fiorendia,b, S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P.
Govonia,b, M. Malbertia,b, S. Malvezzia, A. Massironia,b, D. Menascea, L.
Moronia, M. Paganonia,b, D. Pedrinia, S. Ragazzia,b, T. Tabarelli de Fatisa,b
INFN Sezione di Napoli a, Università di Napoli ’Federico II’ b, Napoli, Italy,
Università della Basilicata c, Potenza, Italy, Università G. Marconi d, Roma,
Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, A. Di Crescenzoa,b, F. Fabozzia,c, F. Fiengaa,
G. Galatia, A.O.M. Iorioa,b, W.A. Khana, L. Listaa, S. Meolaa,d,17, P.
Paoluccia,17, C. Sciaccaa,b, E. Voevodinaa,b INFN Sezione di Padova a,
Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy, Università di Trento c, Trento, Italy
P. Azzia, N. Bacchettaa, D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b, A. Bragagnolo, R.
Carlina,b, P. Checchiaa, M. Dall’Ossoa,b, P. De Castro Manzanoa, T. Dorigoa,
U. Dossellia, F. Gasparinia,b, U. Gasparinia,b, A. Gozzelinoa, S. Lacapraraa,
P. Lujan, M. Margonia,b, A.T. Meneguzzoa,b, J. Pazzinia,b, P. Ronchesea,b, R.
Rossina,b, F. Simonettoa,b, A. Tiko, E. Torassaa, M. Zanettia,b, P. Zottoa,b,
G. Zumerlea,b INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
A. Braghieria, A. Magnania, P. Montagnaa,b, S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, M.
Ressegottia,b, C. Riccardia,b, P. Salvinia, I. Vaia,b, P. Vituloa,b INFN
Sezione di Perugia a, Università di Perugia b, Perugia, Italy
L. Alunni Solestizia,b, M. Biasinia,b, G.M. Bileia, C. Cecchia,b, D.
Ciangottinia,b, L. Fanòa,b, P. Laricciaa,b, R. Leonardia,b, E. Manonia, G.
Mantovania,b, V. Mariania,b, M. Menichellia, A. Rossia,b, A. Santocchiaa,b, D.
Spigaa INFN Sezione di Pisa a, Università di Pisa b, Scuola Normale Superiore
di Pisa c, Pisa, Italy
K. Androsova, P. Azzurria, G. Bagliesia, L. Bianchinia, T. Boccalia, L.
Borrello, R. Castaldia, M.A. Cioccia,b, R. Dell’Orsoa, G. Fedia, F. Fioria,c,
L. Gianninia,c, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa, F. Ligabuea,c, E. Mancaa,c, G.
Mandorlia,c, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa, A. Rizzia,b, P. Spagnoloa, R.
Tenchinia, G. Tonellia,b, A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia INFN Sezione di Roma a,
Sapienza Università di Roma b, Rome, Italy
L. Baronea,b, F. Cavallaria, M. Cipriania,b, N. Dacia, D. Del Rea,b, E. Di
Marcoa,b, M. Diemoza, S. Gellia,b, E. Longoa,b, B. Marzocchia,b, P.
Meridiania, G. Organtinia,b, F. Pandolfia, R. Paramattia,b, F. Preiatoa,b, S.
Rahatloua,b, C. Rovellia, F. Santanastasioa,b INFN Sezione di Torino a,
Università di Torino b, Torino, Italy, Università del Piemonte Orientale c,
Novara, Italy
N. Amapanea,b, R. Arcidiaconoa,c, S. Argiroa,b, M. Arneodoa,c, N. Bartosika,
R. Bellana,b, C. Biinoa, N. Cartigliaa, F. Cennaa,b, S. Cometti, M. Costaa,b,
R. Covarellia,b, N. Demariaa, B. Kiania,b, C. Mariottia, S. Masellia, E.
Migliorea,b, V. Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M. Montenoa, M.M. Obertinoa,b, L.
Pachera,b, N. Pastronea, M. Pelliccionia, G.L. Pinna Angionia,b, A. Romeroa,b,
M. Ruspaa,c, R. Sacchia,b, K. Shchelinaa,b, V. Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, D. Soldi,
A. Staianoa INFN Sezione di Trieste a, Università di Trieste b, Trieste, Italy
S. Belfortea, V. Candelisea,b, M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia, G. Della Riccaa,b,
F. Vazzolera,b, A. Zanettia Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, M.S. Kim, J. Lee, S. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon, Y.D. Oh, S.
Sekmen, D.C. Son, Y.C. Yang Chonnam National University, Institute for
Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon, G. Oh Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
J. Goh31, T.J. Kim Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, D. Gyun, S. Ha, B. Hong, Y. Jo, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, S.
Lee, J. Lim, S.K. Park, Y. Roh Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H.S. Kim Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, H. Lee, K. Lee, K. Nam, S.B. Oh, B.C. Radburn-
Smith, S.h. Seo, U.K. Yang, H.D. Yoo, G.B. Yu University of Seoul, Seoul,
Korea
D. Jeon, H. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, J. Lee, I. Yu Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
V. Dudenas, A. Juodagalvis, J. Vaitkus National Centre for Particle Physics,
Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
I. Ahmed, Z.A. Ibrahim, M.A.B. Md Ali32, F. Mohamad Idris33, W.A.T. Wan
Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo,
Mexico
A. Castaneda Hernandez, J.A. Murillo Quijada Centro de Investigacion y de
Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, M.C. Duran-Osuna, I. Heredia-De La
Cruz34, R. Lopez-Fernandez, J. Mejia Guisao, R.I. Rabadan-Trejo, G. Ramirez-
Sanchez, R Reyes-Almanza, A. Sanchez-Hernandez Universidad Iberoamericana,
Mexico City, Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, F. Vazquez Valencia Benemerita
Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M. Ahmad, M.I. Asghar, Q. Hassan, H.R. Hoorani, A. Saddique, M.A.
Shah, M. Shoaib, M. Waqas National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Frueboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K.
Nawrocki, M. Szleper, P. Traczyk, P. Zalewski Institute of Experimental
Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, A. Byszuk35, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J.
Krolikowski, M. Misiura, M. Olszewski, A. Pyskir, M. Walczak Laboratório de
Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
P. Bargassa, C. Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, A. Di Francesco, P. Faccioli, B.
Galinhas, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo, L. Lloret Iglesias, M.V.
Nemallapudi, J. Seixas, G. Strong, O. Toldaiev, D. Vadruccio, J. Varela Joint
Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
P. Bunin, A. Golunov, I. Golutvin, V. Karjavin, V. Korenkov, G. Kozlov, A.
Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev36,37, V.V. Mitsyn, P. Moisenz, V. Palichik, V.
Perelygin, S. Shmatov, V. Smirnov, V. Trofimov, B.S. Yuldashev38, A. Zarubin,
V. Zhiltsov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg),
Russia
V. Golovtsov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim39, E. Kuznetsova40, P. Levchenko, V. Murzin,
V. Oreshkin, I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, S. Vavilov, A.
Vorobyev Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov,
N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov, D. Tlisov, A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical
and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Popov, I. Pozdnyakov, G.
Safronov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, V. Stolin, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A.
Zhokin Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
M. Chadeeva41, P. Parygin, D. Philippov, S. Polikarpov41, E. Popova, V.
Rusinov P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin37, I. Dremin37, M. Kirakosyan37, S.V. Rusakov, A.
Terkulov Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
A. Baskakov, A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, L. Khein, V.
Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, I. Lokhtin, O. Lukina, I. Miagkov, S. Obraztsov, S.
Petrushanko, V. Savrin, A. Snigirev Novosibirsk State University (NSU),
Novosibirsk, Russia
V. Blinov42, T. Dimova42, L. Kardapoltsev42, D. Shtol42, Y. Skovpen42
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ’Kurchatov
Institute’, Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, S. Bitioukov, D. Elumakhov, A. Godizov, V. Kachanov,
A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, P. Mandrik, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, S.
Slabospitskii, A. Sobol, S. Troshin, N. Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov National
Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev, S. Baidali University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca
Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
P. Adzic43, P. Cirkovic, D. Devetak, M. Dordevic, J. Milosevic Centro de
Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid,
Spain
J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. Álvarez Fernández, I. Bachiller, M. Barrio Luna, J.A.
Brochero Cifuentes, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris, C.
Fernandez Bedoya, J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, O. Gonzalez Lopez,
S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa, D. Moran, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo,
J. Puerta Pelayo, I. Redondo, L. Romero, M.S. Soares, A. Triossi Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Trocóniz Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras, I. Gonzalez
Caballero, J.R. González Fernández, E. Palencia Cortezon, V. Rodríguez Bouza,
S. Sanchez Cruz, P. Vischia, J.M. Vizan Garcia Instituto de Física de
Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M.
Fernandez, P.J. Fernández Manteca, A. García Alonso, J. Garcia-Ferrero, G.
Gomez, A. Lopez Virto, J. Marco, C. Martinez Rivero, P. Martinez Ruiz del
Arbol, F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno,
L. Scodellaro, N. Trevisani, I. Vila, R. Vilar Cortabitarte CERN, European
Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, P. Baillon, A.H. Ball, D. Barney, J.
Bendavid, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, C. Botta, E. Brondolin, T. Camporesi, M.
Cepeda, G. Cerminara, E. Chapon, Y. Chen, G. Cucciati, D. d’Enterria, A.
Dabrowski, V. Daponte, A. David, A. De Roeck, N. Deelen, M. Dobson, T. du
Pree, M. Dünser, N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert, P. Everaerts, F.
Fallavollita44, D. Fasanella, G. Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, D. Gigi, A.
Gilbert, K. Gill, F. Glege, M. Guilbaud, D. Gulhan, J. Hegeman, V. Innocente,
A. Jafari, P. Janot, O. Karacheban20, J. Kieseler, A. Kornmayer, M. Krammer1,
C. Lange, P. Lecoq, C. Lourenço, L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli, F. Meijers, J.A.
Merlin, S. Mersi, E. Meschi, P. Milenovic45, F. Moortgat, M. Mulders, J.
Ngadiuba, S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo17, L. Pape, E. Perez, M.
Peruzzi, A. Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini, F.M. Pitters,
D. Rabady, A. Racz, T. Reis, G. Rolandi46, M. Rovere, H. Sakulin, C. Schäfer,
C. Schwick, M. Seidel, M. Selvaggi, A. Sharma, P. Silva, P. Sphicas47, A.
Stakia, J. Steggemann, M. Tosi, D. Treille, A. Tsirou, V. Veckalns48, W.D.
Zeuner Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
L. Caminada49, K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C.
Kaestli, D. Kotlinski, U. Langenegger, T. Rohe, S.A. Wiederkehr ETH Zurich -
Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, L. Bäni, P. Berger, N. Chernyavskaya, G. Dissertori, M. Dittmar,
M. Donegà, C. Dorfer, C. Grab, C. Heidegger, D. Hits, J. Hoss, T. Klijnsma, W.
Lustermann, R.A. Manzoni, M. Marionneau, M.T. Meinhard, F. Micheli, P.
Musella, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, J. Pata, F. Pauss, G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi, S.
Pigazzini, M. Quittnat, D. Ruini, D.A. Sanz Becerra, M. Schönenberger, L.
Shchutska, V.R. Tavolaro, K. Theofilatos, M.L. Vesterbacka Olsson, R. Wallny,
D.H. Zhu Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, C. Amsler50, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, A. De Cosa, R. Del
Burgo, S. Donato, C. Galloni, T. Hreus, B. Kilminster, I. Neutelings, D.
Pinna, G. Rauco, P. Robmann, D. Salerno, K. Schweiger, C. Seitz, Y. Takahashi,
A. Zucchetta National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
Y.H. Chang, K.y. Cheng, T.H. Doan, Sh. Jain, R. Khurana, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A.
Pozdnyakov, S.S. Yu National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Arun Kumar, Y.y. Li, Y.F.
Liu, R.-S. Lu, E. Paganis, A. Psallidas, A. Steen, J.f. Tsai Chulalongkorn
University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, N. Srimanobhas, N. Suwonjandee Çukurova University, Physics
Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
A. Bat, F. Boran, S. Cerci51, S. Damarseckin, Z.S. Demiroglu, F. Dolek, C.
Dozen, E. Eskut, S. Girgis, G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler, E. Gurpinar, I. Hos52, C.
Isik, E.E. Kangal53, O. Kara, U. Kiminsu, M. Oglakci, G. Onengut, K.
Ozdemir54, S. Ozturk55, A. Polatoz, D. Sunar Cerci51, U.G. Tok, H. Topakli55,
S. Turkcapar, I.S. Zorbakir, C. Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University,
Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak56, G. Karapinar57, M. Yalvac, M. Zeyrek Bogazici University,
Istanbul, Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. Gülmez, M. Kaya58, O. Kaya59, S. Ozkorucuklu60, S. Tekten,
E.A. Yetkin61 Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
M.N. Agaras, S. Atay, A. Cakir, K. Cankocak, Y. Komurcu, S. Sen62 Institute
for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine,
Kharkov, Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and
Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
F. Ball, L. Beck, J.J. Brooke, D. Burns, E. Clement, D. Cussans, O. Davignon,
H. Flacher, J. Goldstein, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko, D.M. Newbold63,
S. Paramesvaran, B. Penning, T. Sakuma, D. Smith, V.J. Smith, J. Taylor, A.
Titterton Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
K.W. Bell, A. Belyaev64, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D. Cieri, D.J.A. Cockerill, J.A.
Coughlan, K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, C.H.
Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin, T. Williams, W.J. Womersley
Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
G. Auzinger, R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A.
Bundock, S. Casasso, D. Colling, L. Corpe, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della
Negra, R. Di Maria, Y. Haddad, G. Hall, G. Iles, T. James, M. Komm, C. Laner,
L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Malik, A. Martelli, J. Nash65, A. Nikitenko7, V.
Palladino, M. Pesaresi, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A.
Shtipliyski, G. Singh, M. Stoye, T. Strebler, S. Summers, A. Tapper, K.
Uchida, T. Virdee17, N. Wardle, D. Winterbottom, J. Wright, S.C. Zenz Brunel
University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, A. Morton, I.D. Reid,
L. Teodorescu, S. Zahid Baylor University, Waco, USA
K. Call, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, H. Liu, C. Madrid, B. Mcmaster, N.
Pastika, C. Smith Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, S.I. Cooper, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West Boston University,
Boston, USA
D. Arcaro, T. Bose, D. Gastler, D. Rankin, C. Richardson, J. Rohlf, L. Sulak,
D. Zou Brown University, Providence, USA
G. Benelli, X. Coubez, D. Cutts, M. Hadley, J. Hakala, U. Heintz, J.M.
Hogan66, K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, J. Lee, Z. Mao, M. Narain, S.
Piperov, S. Sagir67, R. Syarif, E. Usai, D. Yu University of California,
Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, D. Burns, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,
M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk,
W. Ko, O. Kukral, R. Lander, C. Mclean, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett, J. Pilot, S.
Shalhout, M. Shi, D. Stolp, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Z. Wang, F. Zhang
University of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, C. Bravo, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, A. Florent, J. Hauser, M.
Ignatenko, N. Mccoll, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, V. Valuev
University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
E. Bouvier, K. Burt, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G.
Karapostoli, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix, O.R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I.
Paneva, W. Si, L. Wang, H. Wei, S. Wimpenny, B.R. Yates University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi,
A. Holzner, D. Klein, G. Kole, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, D.
Olivito, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, S. Simon, M. Tadel, A.
Vartak, S. Wasserbaech68, J. Wood, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, G. Zevi Della Porta
University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa
Barbara, USA
N. Amin, R. Bhandari, J. Bradmiller-Feld, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dishaw,
V. Dutta, M. Franco Sevilla, L. Gouskos, R. Heller, J. Incandela, A.
Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, D. Stuart, I. Suarez, S. Wang, J. Yoo California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, J.M. Lawhorn, H.B. Newman, T.Q. Nguyen, M.
Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R.Y. Zhu Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I. Vorobiev, M.
Weinberg University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, F. Jensen, A. Johnson, M. Krohn, S. Leontsinis, E.
MacDonald, T. Mulholland, K. Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner Cornell
University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, J. Chaves, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, K. Mcdermott, N. Mirman,
J.R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, L. Skinnari, L. Soffi, S.M.
Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker, P. Wittich, M. Zientek Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S.
Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, G.
Bolla${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, K. Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B.
Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi, J. Duarte, V.D. Elvira, J.
Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D. Green, S. Grünendahl, O.
Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, J. Hirschauer, Z. Hu, B.
Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B. Klima, M.J. Kortelainen,
B. Kreis, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, J. Lykken, K.
Maeshima, J.M. Marraffino, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S.
Nahn, V. O’Dell, K. Pedro, C. Pena, O. Prokofyev, G. Rakness, L. Ristori, A.
Savoy-Navarro69, B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, A. Soha, W.J. Spalding, L.
Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, N. Strobbe, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran,
L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, C. Vernieri, M. Verzocchi, R. Vidal, M. Wang,
H.A. Weber, A. Whitbeck University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, P. Bortignon, D. Bourilkov, A. Brinkerhoff, L. Cadamuro,
A. Carnes, M. Carver, D. Curry, R.D. Field, S.V. Gleyzer, B.M. Joshi, J.
Konigsberg, A. Korytov, P. Ma, K. Matchev, H. Mei, G. Mitselmakher, K. Shi, D.
Sperka, J. Wang, S. Wang Florida International University, Miami, USA
Y.R. Joshi, S. Linn Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F. Johnson, T.
Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, V. Sharma, R. Yohay
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, M.
Rahmani, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago,
USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R.R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S.
Dittmer, O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, K. Jung, J.
Kamin, C. Mills, I.D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M.B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, H. Wang, X.
Wang, Z. Wu, J. Zhang The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
M. Alhusseini, B. Bilki70, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz71, S. Durgut, R.P.
Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili, A.
Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul72, Y. Onel, F. Ozok73, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E.
Tiras, J. Wetzel Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A.V. Gritsan,
W.T. Hung, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You The
University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, J. Bowen, A. Bylinkin, J.
Castle, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C.
Rogan, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang Kansas State
University, Manhattan, USA
S. Duric, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, D. Kim, Y. Maravin, D.R. Mendis, T. Mitchell,
A. Modak, A. Mohammadi, L.K. Saini, N. Skhirtladze Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright University of Maryland, College Park, USA
A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N.J. Hadley,
S. Jabeen, G.Y. Jeng, R.G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A.C. Mignerey, F. Ricci-Tam,
Y.H. Shin, A. Skuja, S.C. Tonwar, K. Wong Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, A. Baty, G. Bauer, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W.
Busza, I.A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov,
P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G.M. Innocenti, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi,
Y.-J. Lee, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S.
Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland, G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok,
K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, J. Wang, T.W. Wang, B. Wyslouch, S. Zhaozhong
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
A.C. Benvenuti, R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota,
Z. Lesko, J. Mans, S. Nourbakhsh, N. Ruckstuhl, R. Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M.A.
Wadud University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez,
R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J.E. Siado, G.R. Snow, B. Stieger
State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava, D. Nguyen, A. Parker,
S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani Northeastern University, Boston, USA
G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, D.M. Morse, T. Orimoto,
R. Teixeira De Lima, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood Northwestern
University, Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, O. Charaf, K.A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M.H. Schmitt, K.
Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D.J. Karmgard, N.
Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y.
Musienko36, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S.
Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard The Ohio State University,
Columbus, USA
J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L.S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A.
Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, T.Y. Ling, W. Luo, B.L. Winer, H.W. Wulsin Princeton
University, Princeton, USA
S. Cooperstein, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, P. Hebda, S. Higginbotham, A.
Kalogeropoulos, D. Lange, M.T. Lucchini, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo,
J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, D. Stickland, C. Tully
University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
A. Barker, V.E. Barnes, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, A. Khatiwada,
B. Mahakud, D.H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C.C. Peng, H. Qiu, J.F. Schulte, J.
Sun, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar Rice University, Houston, USA
Z. Chen, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M. Kilpatrick, W. Li, B.
Michlin, B.P. Padley, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A. Zhang
University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y.t. Duh, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T.
Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A.
Khukhunaishvili, K.H. Lo, P. Tan, R. Taus, M. Verzetti The Rockefeller
University, New York, USA
R. Ciesielski Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
A. Agapitos, J.P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, T.A. Gómez Espinosa, E. Halkiadakis, M.
Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath,
R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D.
Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
A.G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, K. Rose, S. Spanier, K. Thapa Texas A&M
University, College Station, USA
O. Bouhali74, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia, A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R.
Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon75, S. Luo, R. Mueller, Y. Pakhotin, R.
Patel, A. Perloff, L. Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, A. Tatarinov Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P.R. Dudero, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane,
S.W. Lee, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, Z.
Wang Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K.
Padeken, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. Verweij, Q.
Xu University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C.
Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia Wayne State University,
Detroit, USA
R. Harr, P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski University
of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, B.
Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A. Lanaro,
A. Levine, K. Long, R. Loveless, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, N. Smith, W.H. Smith,
N. Woods †: Deceased
1: Also at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
2: Also at IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
3: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
4: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
5: Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
6: Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
7: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
8: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
9: Now at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
10: Also at Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
11: Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
12: Now at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
13: Also at Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia
14: Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
15: Also at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
16: Also at Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
17: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
18: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
19: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
20: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
21: Also at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
22: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
23: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
24: Also at Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
25: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
26: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India
27: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
28: Also at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
29: Also at Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
30: Also at Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
31: Also at Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
32: Also at International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
33: Also at Malaysian Nuclear Agency, MOSTI, Kajang, Malaysia
34: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
35: Also at Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems,
Warsaw, Poland
36: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
37: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
38: Also at Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of
Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
39: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg,
Russia
40: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
41: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
42: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
43: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
44: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
45: Also at University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of
Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
46: Also at Scuola Normale e Sezione dell’INFN, Pisa, Italy
47: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
48: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
49: Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
50: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (SMI), Vienna,
Austria
51: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
52: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
53: Also at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
54: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
55: Also at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
56: Also at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
57: Also at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
58: Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
59: Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
60: Also at Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Istanbul, Turkey
61: Also at Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
62: Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
63: Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
64: Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
65: Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
66: Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, USA
67: Also at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
68: Also at Utah Valley University, Orem, USA
69: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
70: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
71: Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
72: Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
73: Also at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
74: Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
75: Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea