HIN-16-015

$HeadURL:svn+ssh://svn.cern.ch/reps/tdr2/papers/HIN-16-015/trunk/HIN-16-015.tex$
$Id:HIN-16-015.tex4856072019-01-0221:05:52Zalverson$

HIN-16-015

# Measurement of prompt production cross sections in proton-lead and proton-
proton collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$

###### Abstract

Measurements of prompt meson production cross sections in proton-lead
($\Pp\text{Pb}$) and proton-proton ($\Pp\Pp$) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon
center-of-mass energy of = 5.02 are reported. The results are based on
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC,
corresponding to integrated luminosities of 34.6 and 28.0, respectively. The
nuclear modification factor $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ is measured for prompt in the
transverse momentum range $4<\pt<30$and the center-of-mass rapidity range
$-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<1.93$. The results on $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ are compared to
the corresponding modification factor for prompt mesons. The results point to
different nuclear effects at play in the production of the excited charmonium
state compared to the ground state, in the region of backward rapidity and for
$\pt<10\GeVc$.

##  0.1 Introduction

The study of quarkonium production in nuclear collisions has a long and rich
history, dating back to the original proposal by Matsui and Satz predicting
suppression in heavy ion collisions due to Debye screening in the quark-gluon
plasma (QGP) [1]. After this proposal, the first measurements in heavy ion
collisions were performed in fixed target experiments at the CERN SPS, at a
nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $\sqrtsNN\approx 20$ [2, 3]. A
similar level of suppression was later observed in gold-gold collisions at the
BNL RHIC, at $\sqrtsNN=200\GeV$ [4, 5]. At the CERN LHC, the production of
charmonium (, ) and bottomonium (, , ) states has been studied in lead-lead
(PbPb) collisions at $\sqrtsNN=2.76$ and 5.02 [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12],
bringing new elements for the understanding of the medium produced in high-
energy heavy ion collisions.

The quarkonium yields can be modified in heavy ion collisions because of
several effects [13], including suppression [1] and recombination of charm
quark pairs [14] inside the hot matter (QGP), and cold nuclear matter effects.
An unambiguous interpretation of the nucleus-nucleus LHC results requires a
quantitative understanding of cold nuclear matter effects. The nuclear parton
distribution functions (nPDFs) are known to be different from those in a free
proton [15, 16]. In addition, gluon radiation induced by multiple parton
scattering in the nucleus leads to transverse momentum () broadening and
coherent energy loss, resulting in a significant quarkonium suppression in
nuclear collisions at all available energies [17, 18]. These phenomena are
best studied in proton-nucleus collisions, in which hot medium effects, such
as those due to the QGP, are likely to be limited.

Many charmonium production measurements have been performed in proton-induced
collisions, on several nuclei, at the SPS [19, 20, 21, 22], HERA [23], and
Tevatron [24]. A global analysis of the fixed-target measurements can be found
in Ref. [25]. At RHIC, and data in deuteron-gold collisions have been reported
by the PHENIX [26] and STAR [27] Collaborations. At the LHC, the cross section
of in proton-lead ($\Pp\text{Pb}$) collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ has been
measured by the ALICE [28, 29], ATLAS [30], CMS [31], and LHCb [32]
Collaborations. A significant suppression of the prompt yield in
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions has been observed at forward rapidity ($y$) and low
, while no strong nuclear effects are reported at backward rapidity, where
forward and backward indicate, respectively, the directions of the proton and
Pb beams. Measurements of the in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ have also been performed by the ALICE [33], ATLAS [34],
and LHCb [35] experiments, indicating that the state is less suppressed than
the .

Additional information can be obtained by studying the behavior of the excited
states, which are less tightly bound compared to the ground states and might
suffer stronger suppression in heavy ion collisions. At the LHC, the ALICE
[36] and CMS [11] Collaborations have reported a stronger suppression of the
state compared to the in PbPb collisions. In $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions, ALICE
[37], ATLAS [34], and LHCb [38] data show that suppression, integrated over
transverse momentum, is more pronounced than that of the . This observation
suggests final-state effects for the excited states, possibly due to inelastic
interactions with the medium produced in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions [39]. In
the bottomonium sector, the double yield ratios / and / in $\Pp\text{Pb}$
relative to $\Pp\Pp$ collisions have been measured by CMS [40] and found to be
less than unity, again indicating stronger final-state effects in the
production of excited quarkonium states.

This Letter reports measurements of the cross sections for prompt production
in $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$, with the
decaying to $\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$, over the range 4–30and center-of-mass rapidity
range $-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<1.93$. The data were collected with the CMS detector
at the LHC, in 2013 for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ sample and in 2015 for the $\Pp\Pp$
sample, corresponding to integrated luminosities of $34.6\pm 1.2\nbinv$ [41]
and $28.0\pm 0.6\pbinv$ [42], respectively. In addition, the modification of
quarkonium production in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions is quantified by the
nuclear modification factor, $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$, which is defined as the ratio
of the cross sections in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ collisions divided by the
Pb mass number, $A=208$. The $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ is determined as a function of
$y_{\text{CM}}$ and , and is compared to that of the mesons measured at the
same center-of-mass energy [31]. This is the first measurement of
$R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ in differential bins of and
$y_{\text{CM}}$ that uses the $\Pp\Pp$ data measured at the same center-of-
mass energy.

##  0.2 The CMS detector

The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a superconducting solenoid of 6m
internal diameter, providing a magnetic field of 3.8T. Within the solenoid
volume there are a silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead tungstate crystal
electromagnetic calorimeter, and a brass and scintillator hadron calorimeter,
each composed of a barrel and two endcap sections. Forward calorimeters extend
the pseudorapidity ($\eta$) coverage provided by the barrel and endcap
detectors. The forward hadron (HF) calorimeter uses steel as absorber and
quartz fibers as the sensitive material. The two halves of the HF are located
at $\pm$11.2m from the nominal interaction point. Together they provide
coverage in the range $3.0<\abs{\eta}<5.2$ and also serve as luminosity
monitors. Muons are detected in gas-ionization chambers embedded in the steel
flux-return yoke outside the solenoid, in the range $\abs{\eta}<2.4$, with
detection planes made using three technologies: drift tubes, cathode strip
chambers, and resistive-plate chambers. Matching muons to tracks measured in
the silicon tracker results in a relative resolution for typical muons in this
analysis of 1.3–2.0% in the barrel and better than 6% in the endcaps [43]. A
more detailed description of the CMS detector, together with a definition of
the coordinate system used and the relevant kinematic variables, can be found
in Ref. [44].

##  0.3 Event selection

The $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02$ correspond to a proton beam
energy of 4and a lead beam energy of 1.58per nucleon. The proton beam traveled
in the $-\eta$ direction (in the detector coordinate system) in the first part
of the run, corresponding to an integrated luminosity
$\mathcal{L}_{\text{int}}=20.7$, and in the opposite direction in the second
part of the run, corresponding to $\mathcal{L}_{\text{int}}=13.9$. Particles
emitted at $\abs{\eta_{\text{C}M}}=0$ in the nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass
frame are detected in the laboratory frame at $\eta_{\text{lab}}=\pm 0.465$
depending on the proton beam direction. In this paper, data for half of the
run were reflected so that positive $\eta$ always corresponds to the direction
of the proton beam. The $\Pp\Pp$ data set, collected at the same collision
energy as the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ sample, corresponds to
$\mathcal{L}_{\text{int}}=28.0$. In the $\Pp\Pp$ sample, the dimuons from
decays are reconstructed within $\abs{y_{\text{CM}}}<2.4$ and in the same
range as the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data, $4<\pt<30$.

Inelastic hadronic collisions are selected by requiring at least one HF tower
with more than 3of total energy in each of the two HF calorimeters. This is
not required in $\Pp\Pp$ collisions, which suffer less from photon-induced
interactions compared to $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions. The $\Pp\Pp$ and
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ events are further selected to have at least one reconstructed
primary vertex composed of two or more associated tracks, excluding the two
muons, within 25from the nominal interaction point along the beam axis and
within 2in the transverse plane. To reject the beam-gas background events, the
fraction of good-quality tracks associated with the primary vertex is required
to be larger than 25% when there are more than 10 tracks per event.

The dimuon events are selected by the level-1 trigger, a hardware-based
trigger system requiring two muon candidates in the muon detectors with no
explicit limitations on their or $\eta$. In the offline analysis, muons are
required to be within the following kinematic regions, which ensure single-
muon reconstruction efficiencies above 10%:

$\displaystyle\pt^{\mu}>3.3\GeVc$ $\displaystyle\text{ for
$\abs{\eta_{\text{lab}}^{\mu}}<1.2$},$ (1)
$\displaystyle\pt^{\mu}>(4-[1.1\,\abs{\eta_{\text{lab}}^{\mu}}])\GeVc$
$\displaystyle\text{ for $1.2<\abs{\eta_{\text{lab}}^{\mu}}<2.1$},$
$\displaystyle\pt^{\mu}>1.3\GeVc$ $\displaystyle\text{ for
$2.1<\abs{\eta_{\text{lab}}^{\mu}}<2.4$}.$

The oppositely charged muon pairs are further selected to originate from a
common vertex with a $\chi^{2}$ probability greater than 1%, and to survive
standard identification criteria [43]. In order to remove cosmic-ray muons,
the transverse and longitudinal distances of closest approach between the muon
trajectory and the reconstructed primary vertex are required to be less than
0.3and 20, respectively. All of these selections are common to both the
$\Pp\Pp$ and the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data sets.

##  0.4 Yield extraction

The prompt signal extraction procedure is similar to that in previous CMS
analyses [8, 11], and is the same for the $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data
sets. The dimuon mass distribution is fitted with signal (including both the
and resonances) and background contributions using an extended unbinned
maximum likelihood procedure [45]. While the scope of the present Letter is
the measurement of the prompt production, the resonance was included in the
fit to increase the peak fitting stability. It has been checked that the
prompt results obtained in this analysis agree with the ones in Ref. [31],
which used a different method for separating prompt from nonprompt charmonia.
The prompt results of Ref. [31] are the ones used in this Letter for
comparison with the new analysis of production. Both resonance shapes are
modeled by the weighted sum of a Crystal Ball (CB) [46] and a Gaussian
function. The CB function, $g_{\text{CB}}(m)$, combines a Gaussian core and a
power law tail with exponent $n$, accounting for energy loss due to final-
state photon radiation, with a parameter $\alpha$ defining the transition
between the Gaussian and the power law functions:

$g_{\text{CB}}(m)=\left\\{\begin{aligned}
&\frac{N}{\sqrt{2\pi}\,\sigma_{\text{CB}}}\exp\biggl{(}-\frac{(m-m_{0})^{2}}{2\,\sigma_{\text{CB}}^{2}}\biggr{)},&\text{for
$\frac{m-m_{0}}{\sigma_{\text{CB}}}>-\alpha$};\\\
&\frac{N}{\sqrt{2\pi}\,\sigma_{\text{CB}}}\biggl{(}\\!\frac{n}{\lvert\alpha\rvert}\\!\biggr{)}^{n}\exp\biggl{(}-\frac{\lvert\alpha\rvert^{2}}{2}\biggr{)}\biggl{(}\frac{n}{\lvert\alpha\rvert}-\lvert\alpha\lvert-\frac{m-m_{0}}{\sigma_{\text{CB}}}\biggr{)}^{-n},&\text{for
$\frac{m-m_{0}}{\sigma_{\text{CB}}}<-\alpha$}.&\end{aligned}\right.$ (2)

The CB and Gaussian functions have independent widths, $\sigma_{\text{CB}}$
and $\sigma_{\text{G}}$, to accommodate the dependence of the dimuon invariant
mass resolution on the dimuon rapidity and , but share a common mean $m_{0}$
representing the mass. The signal models used for the and share the same
$\alpha$ and $n$ parameters. The mean and the width of the Gaussian model for
the are obtained from those of the , scaled by their mass ratio
($m_{\Pgy}/m_{\PJGy}=1.1903$ [47]). The following parameters are left free in
the fit: $m_{0}$, $\sigma_{\text{CB}}$, $\sigma_{\text{G}}$, $N_{\PJGy}$ (the
yield), $N_{\Pgy}$ (the yield), $f$ (the relative contribution of the Gaussian
and CB functions), and $\alpha$. Based on simulation studies, the value of the
parameter $n$ is fixed to $2.1$. The parameter $\alpha$ is left free, covering
the variation of signal shapes in each of the and rapidity bins. The same
value for $f$ is used in the definition of the and signal shapes. The
underlying background is described by a Chebyshev polynomial of degree
$N~{}(1\leq N\leq 3)$. The degree of the Chebyshev polynomial is obtained in
each $(\pt,y_{\text{CM}})$ bin of the analysis using a log-likelihood ratio
test. Several alternative fitting procedures have been tested, and the yield
variations with respect to the nominal result are included as a systematic
uncertainty, as explained in Section 0.6. The two $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data sets,
corresponding to each proton beam direction, are merged and analyzed together
after having verified that the independent results are compatible with each
other.

The and coming from hadron decays (nonprompt charmonia) are evaluated using
the displacement of the $\PGmp\PGmm$ vertex from the primary collision vertex.
This secondary $\PGmp\PGmm$ vertex is characterized by the pseudo-proper decay
length,

$\ell_{\PJGy}=L_{xy}\,\frac{m_{\PJGy}}{\pt},$ (3)

where $L_{xy}$ is the transverse distance between the primary and dimuon
vertices, $m_{\PJGy}$ is the mass of the [47] (assumed for all muon pairs),
and is the transverse momentum of the dimuon. Prompt charmonia are selected by
requiring $\ell_{\PJGy}$ to be smaller than a threshold value $l_{0}$, which
is tuned using simulation separately for the $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$
collisions systems, in order to keep 90% of the total prompt charmonia [11].
Since the $\ell_{\PJGy}$ resolution improves with increasing dimuon , the
$l_{0}$ values also depend on . The $l_{0}$ values used remove between 70% and
90% (80% and 90%) of the nonprompt in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ ($\Pp\Pp$) collisions,
from low- to high-.

The yields so obtained have a small nonprompt contamination, which is
corrected using the number of simulated events passing and failing the
$\ell_{\PJGy}$ threshold criteria [11]. The full value of this correction is
also propagated as a source of systematic uncertainty.

Figure 1 shows the dimuon invariant mass distributions with the and peaks in
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ data, for one of the bins with the smallest
signal-to-background ratio (lowest and most backward $y$), after applying the
$\ell_{\PJGy}$ selection, together with the curves resulting from the fits.
The raw prompt yield extracted in these bins is $\sim$300 for the
$\Pp\text{Pb}$, and twice as much for the $\Pp\Pp$ samples.

Figure 1:  Dimuon invariant mass distribution showing the and peaks in
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ (left panel) and $\Pp\Pp$ (right panel) data, after applying
the $\ell_{\PJGy}$ selection, for $-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<-1.93$ and $4<\pt<6.5$.
The fits to the distributions are also shown.

##  0.5 Acceptance and efficiency corrections

Simulated events are used to obtain the acceptance and efficiency correction
factors for the measured yields. The events are generated using 6.424 [48] for
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions and 8.209 [49] for $\Pp\Pp$ collisions. The
generated particles in the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ Monte Carlo (MC) are boosted by the
$\beta$ of the center-of-mass system in the laboratory frame, resulting in
$\Delta y=\pm 0.465$. The prompt and are assumed to be produced unpolarized in
both $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions, which is supported by
measurements in $\Pp\Pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ [50, 51]. The final-state
QED radiation of the decay muons is simulated using 215.5 [52]. Finally, the
CMS detector response is simulated using [53].

The acceptance in a given $(\pt,y_{\text{CM}})$ bin is defined as the fraction
of generated mesons resulting in a detectable muon pair, , passing the single
muon selection criteria defined in Eq. (1). The efficiency is given by the
fraction of generated and detectable muon pairs that result in a reconstructed
muon pair, also passing the trigger and offline selections. The combined
acceptance and efficiency for $\Pp\text{Pb}$ ($\Pp\Pp$) results ranges between
13% (14%) in the lowest region ($4.0<\pt<6.5$) and 66% (67%) in the highest
region ($10.0<\pt<30.0$). It is maximum in the overlap region between barrel
and endcap detectors, and decreases to minimum values for $|y_{\text{CM}}|>2$.

The individual components of the simulation-based dimuon efficiency (track
reconstruction, muon identification and selection, and triggering) are probed
using single muons from meson decays in both simulated and collision data,
with the tag-and-probe (T&P) method [54, 31]. The data-to-simulation ratios of
single muon efficiencies obtained from T&P, calculated as a function of muon
$\eta$ and , are used as weights (scale factors) to correct event-by-event the
dimuon efficiency. The effect of this correction on the dimuon efficiency is
similar for $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ events and ranges from 0.99 to 1.33,
with larger corrections at lower and more forward/backward rapidities.

##  0.6 Systematic uncertainties

The following sources of point-to-point systematic uncertainties are
considered for both $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data: the yield extraction
method, given the choice of signal and background models; acceptance and
efficiency corrections, including T&P scale factors and the possible
difference in the dimuon spectrum between data and simulation; and the
nonprompt charmonia contamination. The evaluation of these systematic
uncertainties is described below.

  * •

Signal shape variation. This systematic uncertainty is obtained by changing
the fitting constraints on the CB shape parameters. In the nominal fits, the
CB parameter $n$ is fixed from simulation, $n=2.1$, and the parameter $\alpha$
is left free. In a first variation, the parameter $\alpha$ is fixed to the MC-
based value 1.7, and $n$ is left free. A second variation consists in fixing
both parameters to the values extracted from MC, $n=2.1$ and $\alpha=1.7$. The
maximum difference, in each analysis bin, between the yields extracted with
the nominal fit and either of these variations, is taken as a systematic
uncertainty.

  * •

Background shape variation. The degree $N$ of the Chebyshev polynomial is
changed to $N+1$ if $N<3$, and to $N-1$ if $N=3$. The systematic uncertainty
is estimated as the absolute difference in the yields with respect to the
nominal case.

  * •

Simulated dimuon spectrum. The acceptance and efficiency correction factors
depend on the shape of the simulated distribution; the difference between data
and simulation is a source of systematic uncertainty. The ratio of the
corrected yields in data and simulation is evaluated as a function of , for
each rapidity bin. Continuous weighting factors are obtained by fitting these
data-to-simulation ratios with a linear function in . The acceptance and
efficiency values are evaluated again after weighting the distribution of the
generated mesons in the simulation by the function obtained. The difference
between the reweighed simulation and the nominal yields is taken as a
systematic uncertainty.

  * •

T&P scale factors. The statistical uncertainty on the T&P scale factors, as
well as systematic uncertainties in their derivation, are accounted for as a
systematic uncertainty. These uncertainties are further described in Ref.
[31].

  * •

Nonprompt contamination.  The difference between the prompt meson yields with
and without the correction for the residual nonprompt contamination is
propagated as a systematic uncertainty.

The systematic uncertainty in the yield extraction, determined by summing the
uncertainties from the signal and background shape variations in quadrature,
is in the range 1.0–22% and 0.4–6.5% for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$
results, respectively. This large range is mostly driven by the variation of
the signal over background ratio across the analysis bins. The dominant part
in this uncertainty is from background modeling, with an average over all the
and $y_{\text{CM}}$ bins of 3.9 (2.4)% and a maximum of 22 (4.9)% for the
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ ($\Pp\Pp$) results. The average signal modeling contribution is
1.9% and 1.4%, for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ results, respectively.

The systematic uncertainty in the acceptance and efficiency correction
factors, combining the dimuon spectrum reweighting and T&P uncertainties, lies
within 2.0–7.4% and 1.9–8.1% for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ results,
respectively. The prompt selection method induces an uncertainty of 4.5–15%
(0.2–8.0%) for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ ($\Pp\Pp$) results, with the maximum value
in the lowest bin in the backward $y$ region. The total systematic
uncertainty, calculated as the sum in quadrature of the individual
uncertainties, is in the range 5–26% (4–11%) for the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ ($\Pp\Pp$)
cross section measurements. In general, the uncertainty is minimum in the
highest bins in the central $y$ region, and increases when going to lower and
forward/backward $y$ regions. For the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ measurement, the
$\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ uncertainties are considered independent and added
in quadrature point-by-point. The total systematic uncertainty in this case is
in the range 5.0–22.6%.

The global (common to all points) systematic uncertainty due to the
uncertainty in the integrated luminosity of the pPb and $\Pp\Pp$ data sets is
3.5% [41] and 2.3% [42], respectively. For the cross section results, this
uncertainty is not included to the point-to-point uncertainties, while for the
$R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ results the two numbers are added in quadrature and
displayed as a box around $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}=1$. The dominant source of
uncertainty for the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ measurement is the statistical
uncertainty in the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ data.

##  0.7 Results

The prompt production cross section (multiplied by the branching fraction to
$\PGmp\PGmm$, $\mathcal{B}(\Pgy\to\PGmp\PGmm)$) in the dimuon decay channel is
determined as

$\mathcal{B}(\Pgy\to\PGmp\PGmm)\frac{\rd^{2}\sigma}{\rd\pt\,\rd
y_{\text{CM}}}=\frac{N^{\Pgy}_{\text{fit}}/(\text{acc}\,\varepsilon)}{\mathcal{L}_{\text{int}}\,\Delta\pt\,\Delta
y_{\text{CM}}},$ (4)

where $N^{\Pgy}_{\text{fit}}$ is the extracted raw yield of prompt mesons in a
given $(\pt,y_{\text{CM}})$ bin, $(\text{acc}\,\varepsilon)$ is the product of
the dimuon acceptance and efficiency described in Section 0.5, and $\Delta\pt$
and $\Delta y_{\text{CM}}$ are the widths of the kinematic bin considered.

Figures 2 and 3 show the production cross sections of prompt mesons in
$\Pp\text{Pb}$ and $\Pp\Pp$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$, respectively.
The results are given as a function of and in four rapidity bins, separately
for forward (the direction of the proton beam) and backward (the direction of
the Pb beam) rapidities in the case of the $\Pp\text{Pb}$ measurements.

Figure 2:  Differential cross section (multiplied by the dimuon branching
fraction) of prompt production in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$, as a function of , in several rapidity bins and
separately for backward (left panel) and forward (right panel) rapidity
regions. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are represented with error
bars and boxes, respectively. The fully correlated luminosity uncertainty of
3.5% is not included in the point-by-point uncertainties. Figure 3:
Differential cross section (multiplied by the dimuon branching fraction) of
prompt production in $\Pp\Pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=5.02\TeV$ as a function
of , in four $y_{\text{CM}}$ bins. Statistical and systematic uncertainties
are represented with error bars and boxes, respectively. The fully correlated
luminosity uncertainty of 2.3% is not included in the point-by-point
uncertainties.

The second observable considered is the nuclear modification factor, defined
as

$R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}(\pt,y_{\text{CM}})\equiv\frac{({\rd^{2}\sigma}/{\rd\pt\,\rd
y_{\text{CM}}})_{\Pp\text{Pb}}}{\mathrm{A}({\rd^{2}\sigma}/{\rd\pt\,\rd
y_{\text{CM}}})_{{\Pp\Pp}}}.$ (5)

In the absence of any nuclear effects the measured yield in $\Pp\text{Pb}$
collisions would be just a superposition of $A=208$ (the number of nucleons in
the Pb nucleus) $\Pp\Pp$ collisions, and the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ would be one.

Figure 4 shows the rapidity dependence of the prompt $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ in
three ranges: 4–6.5, 6.5–10, and 10–30. In the backward rapidity region, the
prompt mesons are suppressed in the intermediate region, and compatible with
unity in the rest. In the forward rapidity region, the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ is
consistent with unity for all bins (although systematically smaller). For
comparison, the prompt nuclear modification factor [31] is also shown in Fig.
4. The measured value of $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ for prompt mesons, when integrated
over and rapidity ($6.5<\pt<30$, $\abs{y}<1.6$), is $0.852\pm 0.037\stat\pm
0.062\syst$. The prompt $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ in the same kinematic range is
$1.108\pm 0.021\stat\pm 0.055\syst$. The $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ for prompt mesons
lies systematically above that of the state. The difference between the two
sets of results was quantified, separately for the backward and forward
regions, by comparing the two distributions with a $\chi^{2}$-test, removing
the correlated uncertainties from the integrated luminosity. The $p$-values
are $<0.05$ for the lowest two ranges in the backward rapidity region, and
$>0.37$ in all the other rapidity and intervals. This shows that, with a
$p$-value cutoff of 0.05, the two sets of results are incompatible with each
other in the backward rapidity region for $\pt<10\GeVc$, but are compatible in
the rest. This suggests the presence of different nuclear effects at play in
the production of the excited charmonium state compared to the ground state,
in the region of backward rapidity and for $\pt<10\GeVc$.

Figure 4:  Rapidity dependence of the prompt $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ in three
ranges. For comparison, the prompt nuclear modification factor [31] is also
shown. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are represented with error
bars and boxes, respectively. The fully correlated global uncertainty of 4.2%
(that affects both charmonia) is displayed as a box around
$R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}=1$.

Figure 5 shows the dependence of the prompt $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ in seven
rapidity bins, from the most backward $-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<-1.93$ to the most
forward $1.5<y_{\text{CM}}<1.93$ accessible regions. Also in this case, a
$\chi^{2}$-test was used to quantify the significance of the difference of the
results from unity, in which the fully correlated global uncertainty,
displayed as a box around $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}=1$, was not included. The
$p$-values are below 0.05 only in the most backward region. This points to the
presence of nuclear effects affecting the production in the most backward
region that persists at large transverse momentum.

Figure 5:  Transverse momentum dependence of the prompt $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ in
four rapidity ranges. Statistical and systematic uncertainties are represented
with error bars and boxes, respectively. The fully correlated global
uncertainty of 4.2% is displayed as a box around $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}=1$.

The suppression of prompt mesons as compared to prompt mesons, seen in Fig. 4,
is compatible with what was measured by the ALICE [37], ATLAS [34], and LHCb
[38] Collaborations for integrated charmonium production in $\Pp\text{Pb}$
collisions at the same collision energy. While nPDFs [15, 16] and coherent
energy loss [17, 18] are the most discussed effects to explain prompt meson
suppression, these two phenomena are expected to affect the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$
of prompt and mesons by a similar amount. On the contrary, the final-state
interaction with hadrons moving along with the produced charmonium might lead
to a stronger suppression of the meson, due to its larger size [39, 55]. The
present measurements, covering wide transverse momentum ($4<\pt<30$) and
rapidity ($-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<1.93$) ranges, will help understand the origin
of the suppression of excited quarkonium states in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions
at the LHC.

##  0.8 Summary

The data collected by CMS in $\Pp\Pp$ and $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ are used to investigate prompt meson production. The
results are based on data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of
28.0 for $\Pp\Pp$ collisions and 34.6 for $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions. The
nuclear modification factor ($R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$) of prompt , in the kinematic
range $4<\pt<30$ and $-2.4<y_{\text{CM}}<1.93$, is determined and compared to
that of prompt mesons, reported in Ref. [31]. The prompt production is
suppressed in the intermediate 6.5–10interval in the region of backward
rapidity. The $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ is consistent with unity everywhere else
(although systematically smaller). The $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ values of prompt
when compared to those of prompt mesons, point to different nuclear effects at
play in the production of the excited charmonium state compared to the ground
state, in the region of backward rapidity and for $\pt<10\GeVc$. The effects
of nuclear parton distribution functions or coherent energy loss are expected
to affect the $R_{\Pp\text{Pb}}$ of prompt and by a similar amount, thus the
results hint the presence of final-state interactions with the medium
(partonic or hadronic) produced in $\Pp\text{Pb}$ collisions.

###### Acknowledgements.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the
excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative
staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the
success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the
computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for
delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our
analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction
and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following
funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,
CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC
(China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus);
SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland,
MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF
(Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran);
SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS
(Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and
UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC
(Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia);
MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI and FEDER (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies
(Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand);
TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE
and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program
and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440
(European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office;
the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans
l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en
Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the
“Excellence of Science - EOS” - be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendület
(“Momentum”) Program and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the
NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850 and 125105 (Hungary); the
Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of
the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional
Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia
2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and
2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities
Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de
Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de
Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de
Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek
NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn
University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project
Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the
Weston Havens Foundation (USA).

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##  .9 The CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A.M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, E. Brondolin, M.
Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, M. Friedl, V.M. Ghete,
J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler1, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I.
Mikulec, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck1, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D.
Spitzbart, A. Taurok, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz1, M. Zarucki
Institute for Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez Universiteit Antwerpen,
Antwerpen, Belgium
E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Pieters, M. Van De
Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover,
G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L.
Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders,
I. Van Parijs Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B.
Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A.K. Kalsi, T.
Lenzi, J. Luetic, E. Starling, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom Ghent
University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov2, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas,
D. Trocino, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit, N. Zaganidis
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, P. David, C.
Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A.
Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono,
S. Wertz, J. Zobec Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
F.L. Alves, G.A. Alves, L. Brito, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, M.E.
Pol, P. Rebello Teles Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil
E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato3, E. Coelho, E.M.
Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira4, D. De Jesus Damiao, C. De Oliveira Martins, S.
Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Melo De Almeida, C.
Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, W.L. Prado Da Silva, L.J. Sanchez Rosas,
A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, E.J. Tonelli Manganote3, F. Torres Da Silva
De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a, Universidade
Federal do ABC b, São Paulo, Brazil
S. Ahujaa, C.A. Bernardesa, L. Calligarisa, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M.
Gregoresb, P.G. Mercadanteb, S.F. Novaesa, SandraS. Padulaa, D. Romero Abadb
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, A. Marinov, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov,
M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang5, X. Gao5, L. Yuan Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
M. Ahmad, J.G. Bian, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, C.H. Jiang, D.
Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, F. Romeo, S.M. Shaheen, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, C. Wang,
Z. Wang, E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, J. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics
and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y. Ban, G. Chen, J. Li, Q. Li, S. Liu, Y. Mao, S.J. Qian, D. Wang, Z. Xu
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y. Wang Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, L.F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez,
C.F. González Hernández, M.A. Segura Delgado University of Split, Faculty of
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split,
Croatia
B. Courbon, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac University of Split,
Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, B. Mesic, A. Starodumov6, T. Susa
University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos,
P.A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
M. Finger7, M. Finger Jr.7 Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab
Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
Y. Assran8,9, M.A. Mahmoud10,9, Y. Mohammed10 National Institute of Chemical
Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M.
Kadastik, L. Perrini, M. Raidal, C. Veelken Department of Physics, University
of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, H. Kirschenmann, J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen Helsinki Institute of
Physics, Helsinki, Finland
J. Havukainen, J.K. Heikkilä, T. Järvinen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T.
Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, T.
Mäenpää, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi Lappeenranta University of
Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
T. Tuuva IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F. Ferri, S.
Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, C. Leloup,
E. Locci, M. Machet, J. Malcles, G. Negro, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin,
M. Titov Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3,
Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
A. Abdulsalam11, C. Amendola, I. Antropov, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, L.
Cadamuro, C. Charlot, R. Granier de Cassagnac, I. Kucher, S. Lisniak, A.
Lobanov, J. Martin Blanco, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Pigard, R.
Salerno, J.B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A.G. Stahl Leiton, Y. Yilmaz, A. Zabi, A.
Zghiche Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg,
France
J.-L. Agram12, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, V. Cherepanov,
C. Collard, E. Conte12, F. Drouhin12, J.-C. Fontaine12, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach,
M. Jansová, P. Juillot, A.-C. Le Bihan, N. Tonon, P. Van Hove Centre de Calcul
de l’Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules,
CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne, France
S. Gadrat Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3,
Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, N. Chanon, R. Chierici, D. Contardo, P.
Depasse, H. El Mamouni, L. Finco, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, G. Grenier, B.
Ille, F. Lagarde, I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, A.L.
Pequegnot, S. Perries, A. Popov13, V. Sordini, M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret, S.
Zhang Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
T. Toriashvili14 Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Z. Tsamalaidze7 RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen,
Germany
C. Autermann, L. Feld, M.K. Kiesel, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, M. Preuten, M.P.
Rauch, C. Schomakers, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde, B. Wittmer, V. Zhukov13 RWTH
Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
A. Albert, D. Duchardt, M. Endres, M. Erdmann, S. Erdweg, T. Esch, R. Fischer,
S. Ghosh, A. Güth, T. Hebbeker, C. Heidemann, K. Hoepfner, S. Knutzen, L.
Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, S. Mukherjee, T. Pook, M.
Radziej, H. Reithler, M. Rieger, F. Scheuch, A. Schmidt, D. Teyssier, S. Thüer
RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
G. Flügge, O. Hlushchenko, B. Kargoll, T. Kress, A. Künsken, T. Müller, A.
Nehrkorn, A. Nowack, C. Pistone, O. Pooth, H. Sert, A. Stahl15 Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
M. Aldaya Martin, T. Arndt, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, I. Babounikau, K.
Beernaert, O. Behnke, U. Behrens, A. Bermúdez Martínez, D. Bertsche, A.A. Bin
Anuar, K. Borras16, V. Botta, A. Campbell, P. Connor, C. Contreras-Campana, F.
Costanza, V. Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis, C. Diez Pardos, D. Domínguez
Damiani, G. Eckerlin, T. Eichhorn, A. Elwood, E. Eren, E. Gallo17, A. Geiser,
J.M. Grados Luyando, A. Grohsjean, P. Gunnellini, M. Guthoff, A. Harb, J.
Hauk, H. Jung, M. Kasemann, J. Keaveney, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Krücker,
W. Lange, A. Lelek, T. Lenz, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann18, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-
Pellmann, A.B. Meyer, M. Meyer, M. Missiroli, G. Mittag, J. Mnich, S.K.
Pflitsch, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, M. Savitskyi, P. Saxena, P. Schütze, C.
Schwanenberger, R. Shevchenko, A. Singh, N. Stefaniuk, H. Tholen, A.
Vagnerini, G.P. Van Onsem, R. Walsh, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C. Wissing, O.
Zenaiev University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, A. Benecke, V. Blobel, M. Centis Vignali, T. Dreyer, E.
Garutti, D. Gonzalez, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, M. Hoffmann, A. Karavdina, R.
Klanner, R. Kogler, N. Kovalchuk, S. Kurz, V. Kutzner, J. Lange, D. Marconi,
J. Multhaup, M. Niedziela, D. Nowatschin, A. Perieanu, A. Reimers, O. Rieger,
C. Scharf, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G.
Steinbrück, F.M. Stober, M. Stöver, D. Troendle, E. Usai, A. Vanhoefer, B.
Vormwald Institut für Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Karlsruhe, Germany
M. Akbiyik, C. Barth, M. Baselga, S. Baur, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, F.
Colombo, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, N. Faltermann, B. Freund, M. Giffels, M.A.
Harrendorf, F. Hartmann15, S.M. Heindl, U. Husemann, F. Kassel15, I. Katkov13,
S. Kudella, H. Mildner, M.U. Mozer, Th. Müller, M. Plagge, G. Quast, K.
Rabbertz, M. Schröder, I. Shvetsov, G. Sieber, H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, S.
Wayand, M. Weber, T. Weiler, S. Williamson, C. Wöhrmann, R. Wolf Institute of
Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, G.
Paspalaki, I. Topsis-Giotis National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
G. Karathanasis, S. Kesisoglou, A. Panagiotou, N. Saoulidou, E. Tziaferi, K.
Vellidis National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, Y. Tsipolitis University of Ioánnina,
Ioánnina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, S. Mallios, N.
Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, E. Paradas, J. Strologas, F.A. Triantis, D.
Tsitsonis MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
M. Csanad, N. Filipovic, G. Pasztor, O. Surányi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research
Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath19, Á. Hunyadi, F. Sikler, T.Á. Vámi, V.
Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$ Institute of Nuclear
Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
N. Beni, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi21, A. Makovec, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi
Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
M. Bartók20, P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari Indian Institute of Science
(IISc), Bangalore, India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri National Institute of Science Education and
Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati22, P. Mal, K. Mandal, A. Nayak23, D.K. Sahoo22, S.K. Swain
Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, S. Chauhan, R. Chawla, N. Dhingra, R.
Gupta, A. Kaur, A. Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kaur, R. Kumar, P. Kumari, M. Lohan, A.
Mehta, S. Sharma, J.B. Singh, G. Walia University of Delhi, Delhi, India
A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, Ashok Kumar, S.
Malhotra, M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, Aashaq Shah, R. Sharma Saha
Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
R. Bhardwaj24, M. Bharti, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, U. Bhawandeep24,
D. Bhowmik, S. Dey, S. Dutt24, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, K. Mondal, S. Nandan, A.
Purohit, P.K. Rout, A. Roy, S. Roy Chowdhury, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh,
S. Thakur24 Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
R. Chudasama, D. Dutta, V. Jha, V. Kumar, P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P.
Shukla Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, B. Mahakud, S. Mitra, G.B. Mohanty, R. Ravindra
Kumar Verma, N. Sur, B. Sutar Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B,
Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, P. Das, M. Guchait, Sa. Jain, S.
Kumar, M. Maity25, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, N. Sahoo, T. Sarkar25 Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
S. Chauhan, S. Dube, V. Hegde, A. Kapoor, K. Kothekar, S. Pandey, A. Rane, S.
Sharma Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani26, E. Eskandari Tadavani, S.M. Etesami26, M. Khakzad, M.
Mohammadi Najafabadi, M. Naseri, F. Rezaei Hosseinabadi, B. Safarzadeh27, M.
Zeinali University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b,
Politecnico di Bari c, Bari, Italy
M. Abbresciaa,b, C. Calabriaa,b, A. Colaleoa, D. Creanzaa,c, L. Cristellaa,b,
N. De Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, A. Di Florioa,b, F. Erricoa,b, L. Fiorea,
A. Gelmia,b, G. Iasellia,c, S. Lezkia,b, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia, G.
Minielloa,b, S. Mya,b, S. Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c, R.
Radognaa, A. Ranieria, G. Selvaggia,b, A. Sharmaa, L. Silvestrisa,15, R.
Vendittia, P. Verwilligena, G. Zitoa INFN Sezione di Bologna a, Università di
Bologna b, Bologna, Italy
G. Abbiendia, C. Battilanaa,b, D. Bonacorsia,b, L. Borgonovia,b, S. Braibant-
Giacomellia,b, R. Campaninia,b, A. Castroa,b, F.R. Cavalloa, S.S. Chhibraa,b,
G. Codispotia,b, M. Cuffiania,b, G.M. Dallavallea, F. Fabbria, A. Fanfania,b,
P. Giacomellia, L. Guiduccia,b, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia, F.L. Navarriaa,b,
A. Perrottaa, A.M. Rossia,b, T. Rovellia,b, G.P. Sirolia,b, N. Tosia INFN
Sezione di Catania a, Università di Catania b, Catania, Italy
S. Albergoa,b, A. Di Mattiaa, R. Potenzaa,b, A. Tricomia,b, C. Tuvea,b INFN
Sezione di Firenze a, Università di Firenze b, Firenze, Italy
G. Barbaglia, K. Chatterjeea,b, V. Ciullia,b, C. Civininia, R.
D’Alessandroa,b, E. Focardia,b, G. Latino, P. Lenzia,b, M. Meschinia, S.
Paolettia, L. Russoa,28, G. Sguazzonia, D. Stroma, L. Viliania INFN Laboratori
Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, F. Fabbri, D. Piccolo, F. Primavera15 INFN Sezione di
Genova a, Università di Genova b, Genova, Italy
F. Ferroa, F. Raveraa,b, E. Robuttia, S. Tosia,b INFN Sezione di Milano-
Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b, Milano, Italy
A. Benagliaa, A. Beschib, L. Brianzaa,b, F. Brivioa,b, V. Cirioloa,b,15, M.E.
Dinardoa,b, S. Fiorendia,b, S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P. Govonia,b, M.
Malbertia,b, S. Malvezzia, R.A. Manzonia,b, D. Menascea, L. Moronia, M.
Paganonia,b, D. Pedrinia, S. Pigazzinia,b,29, S. Ragazzia,b, T. Tabarelli de
Fatisa,b INFN Sezione di Napoli a, Università di Napoli ’Federico II’ b,
Napoli, Italy, Università della Basilicata c, Potenza, Italy, Università G.
Marconi d, Roma, Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, A. Di Crescenzoa,b, S. Di Guidaa,d,15, F.
Fabozzia,c, F. Fiengaa,b, G. Galatia,b, A.O.M. Iorioa,b, W.A. Khana, L.
Listaa, S. Meolaa,d,15, P. Paoluccia,15, C. Sciaccaa,b, E. Voevodinaa,b INFN
Sezione di Padova a, Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy, Università di
Trento c, Trento, Italy
P. Azzia, N. Bacchettaa, L. Benatoa,b, D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b, A.
Bragagnolo, R. Carlina,b, P. Checchiaa, M. Dall’Ossoa,b, P. De Castro
Manzanoa, T. Dorigoa, U. Dossellia, F. Gasparinia,b, U. Gasparinia,b, A.
Gozzelinoa, S. Lacapraraa, P. Lujan, M. Margonia,b, A.T. Meneguzzoa,b, P.
Ronchesea,b, R. Rossina,b, F. Simonettoa,b, A. Tiko, E. Torassaa, M.
Zanettia,b, P. Zottoa,b, G. Zumerlea,b INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di
Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
A. Braghieria, A. Magnania, P. Montagnaa,b, S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, M.
Ressegottia,b, C. Riccardia,b, P. Salvinia, I. Vaia,b, P. Vituloa,b INFN
Sezione di Perugia a, Università di Perugia b, Perugia, Italy
L. Alunni Solestizia,b, M. Biasinia,b, G.M. Bileia, C. Cecchia,b, D.
Ciangottinia,b, L. Fanòa,b, P. Laricciaa,b, E. Manonia, G. Mantovania,b, V.
Mariania,b, M. Menichellia, A. Rossia,b, A. Santocchiaa,b, D. Spigaa INFN
Sezione di Pisa a, Università di Pisa b, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa c,
Pisa, Italy
K. Androsova, P. Azzurria, G. Bagliesia, L. Bianchinia, T. Boccalia, L.
Borrello, R. Castaldia, M.A. Cioccia,b, R. Dell’Orsoa, G. Fedia, L.
Gianninia,c, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa, F. Ligabuea,c, T. Lomtadzea, E.
Mancaa,c, G. Mandorlia,c, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa, A. Rizzia,b, P.
Spagnoloa, R. Tenchinia, G. Tonellia,b, A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia INFN
Sezione di Roma a, Sapienza Università di Roma b, Rome, Italy
L. Baronea,b, F. Cavallaria, M. Cipriania,b, N. Dacia, D. Del Rea,b, E. Di
Marcoa,b, M. Diemoza, S. Gellia,b, E. Longoa,b, B. Marzocchia,b, P.
Meridiania, G. Organtinia,b, F. Pandolfia, R. Paramattia,b, F. Preiatoa,b, S.
Rahatloua,b, C. Rovellia, F. Santanastasioa,b INFN Sezione di Torino a,
Università di Torino b, Torino, Italy, Università del Piemonte Orientale c,
Novara, Italy
N. Amapanea,b, R. Arcidiaconoa,c, S. Argiroa,b, M. Arneodoa,c, N. Bartosika,
R. Bellana,b, C. Biinoa, N. Cartigliaa, F. Cennaa,b, M. Costaa,b, R.
Covarellia,b, A. Deganoa,b, N. Demariaa, B. Kiania,b, C. Mariottia, S.
Masellia, E. Migliorea,b, V. Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M. Montenoa, M.M.
Obertinoa,b, L. Pachera,b, N. Pastronea, M. Pelliccionia, G.L. Pinna
Angionia,b, A. Romeroa,b, M. Ruspaa,c, R. Sacchia,b, K. Shchelinaa,b, V.
Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, A. Staianoa INFN Sezione di Trieste a, Università di
Trieste b, Trieste, Italy
S. Belfortea, V. Candelisea,b, M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia, G. Della Riccaa,b,
F. Vazzolera,b, A. Zanettia Kyungpook National University
D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, M.S. Kim, J. Lee, S. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon, Y.D. Oh, S.
Sekmen, Y.C. Yang Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and
Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon, G. Oh Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
J. Goh, T.J. Kim Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, D. Gyun, S. Ha, B. Hong, Y. Jo, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, S.
Lee, J. Lim, S.K. Park, Y. Roh Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H. Kim Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, H. Lee, K. Lee, K. Nam, S.B. Oh, B.C. Radburn-
Smith, S.h. Seo, U.K. Yang, H.D. Yoo, G.B. Yu University of Seoul, Seoul,
Korea
H. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, J. Lee, I. Yu Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
V. Dudenas, A. Juodagalvis, J. Vaitkus National Centre for Particle Physics,
Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
I. Ahmed, Z.A. Ibrahim, M.A.B. Md Ali30, F. Mohamad Idris31, W.A.T. Wan
Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios
Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
M.C. Duran-Osuna, H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, G. Ramirez-
Sanchez, I. Heredia-De La Cruz32, R.I. Rabadan-Trejo, R. Lopez-Fernandez, J.
Mejia Guisao, R Reyes-Almanza, A. Sanchez-Hernandez Universidad
Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, F. Vazquez Valencia Benemerita
Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M. Ahmad, M.I. Asghar, Q. Hassan, H.R. Hoorani, A. Saddique, M.A.
Shah, M. Shoaib, M. Waqas National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Frueboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, K.
Nawrocki, M. Szleper, P. Traczyk, P. Zalewski Institute of Experimental
Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, A. Byszuk33, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J.
Krolikowski, M. Misiura, M. Olszewski, A. Pyskir, M. Walczak Laboratório de
Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
P. Bargassa, C. Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, A. Di Francesco, P. Faccioli, B.
Galinhas, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo, L. Lloret Iglesias, M.V.
Nemallapudi, J. Seixas, G. Strong, O. Toldaiev, D. Vadruccio, J. Varela Joint
Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
A. Baginyan, P. Bunin, I. Golutvin, V. Karjavin, V. Korenkov, G. Kozlov, A.
Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev34,35, V.V. Mitsyn, P. Moisenz, V. Palichik, V.
Perelygin, S. Shmatov, V. Smirnov, V. Trofimov, B.S. Yuldashev36, A. Zarubin,
V. Zhiltsov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg),
Russia
V. Golovtsov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim37, E. Kuznetsova38, P. Levchenko, V. Murzin,
V. Oreshkin, I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, S. Vavilov, A.
Vorobyev Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov,
N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov, D. Tlisov, A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical
and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Popov, I. Pozdnyakov, G.
Safronov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, V. Stolin, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A.
Zhokin Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev, A. Bylinkin35 National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow
Engineering Physics Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
R. Chistov39, M. Danilov39, P. Parygin, D. Philippov, S. Polikarpov, E.
Tarkovskii P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin35, I. Dremin35, M. Kirakosyan35, S.V. Rusakov, A.
Terkulov Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
A. Baskakov, A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Demiyanov, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, O.
Kodolova, V. Korotkikh, I. Lokhtin, I. Miagkov, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko,
V. Savrin, A. Snigirev, I. Vardanyan Novosibirsk State University (NSU),
Novosibirsk, Russia
V. Blinov40, T. Dimova40, L. Kardapoltsev40, D. Shtol40, Y. Skovpen40 State
Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics of
NRC ’Kurchatov Institute’, Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, S. Bitioukov, D. Elumakhov, A. Godizov, V. Kachanov,
A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, P. Mandrik, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, S.
Slabospitskii, A. Sobol, S. Troshin, N. Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov National
Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of
Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
P. Adzic41, P. Cirkovic, D. Devetak, M. Dordevic, J. Milosevic Centro de
Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid,
Spain
J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. Álvarez Fernández, I. Bachiller, M. Barrio Luna, J.A.
Brochero Cifuentes, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris, C.
Fernandez Bedoya, J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, O. Gonzalez Lopez,
S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa, D. Moran, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo,
J. Puerta Pelayo, I. Redondo, L. Romero, M.S. Soares, A. Triossi Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Trocóniz Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras, I. Gonzalez
Caballero, J.R. González Fernández, E. Palencia Cortezon, S. Sanchez Cruz, P.
Vischia, J.M. Vizan Garcia Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-
Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M.
Fernandez, P.J. Fernández Manteca, A. García Alonso, J. Garcia-Ferrero, G.
Gomez, A. Lopez Virto, J. Marco, C. Martinez Rivero, P. Martinez Ruiz del
Arbol, F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno,
L. Scodellaro, N. Trevisani, I. Vila, R. Vilar Cortabitarte CERN, European
Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, P. Baillon, A.H. Ball, D. Barney, J.
Bendavid, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, C. Botta, T. Camporesi, M. Cepeda, G.
Cerminara, E. Chapon, Y. Chen, G. Cucciati, D. d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski, V.
Daponte, A. David, A. De Roeck, N. Deelen, M. Dobson, T. du Pree, M. Dünser,
N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert, P. Everaerts, F. Fallavollita42, G. Franzoni,
J. Fulcher, W. Funk, D. Gigi, A. Gilbert, K. Gill, F. Glege, D. Gulhan, J.
Hegeman, V. Innocente, A. Jafari, P. Janot, O. Karacheban18, J. Kieseler, V.
Knünz, A. Kornmayer, M. Krammer1, C. Lange, P. Lecoq, C. Lourenço, M.T.
Lucchini, L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli, F. Meijers, J.A. Merlin, S. Mersi, E.
Meschi, P. Milenovic43, F. Moortgat, M. Mulders, H. Neugebauer, J. Ngadiuba,
S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo15, L. Pape, E. Perez, M. Peruzzi, A.
Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini, F.M. Pitters, D. Rabady, A.
Racz, T. Reis, G. Rolandi44, M. Rovere, H. Sakulin, C. Schäfer, C. Schwick, M.
Seidel, M. Selvaggi, A. Sharma, P. Silva, P. Sphicas45, A. Stakia, J.
Steggemann, M. Tosi, D. Treille, A. Tsirou, V. Veckalns46, M. Verweij, W.D.
Zeuner Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
W. Bertl${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, L. Caminada47, K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R.
Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C. Kaestli, D. Kotlinski, U. Langenegger, T. Rohe,
S.A. Wiederkehr ETH Zurich - Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics
(IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, L. Bäni, P. Berger, B. Casal, N. Chernyavskaya, G. Dissertori, M.
Dittmar, M. Donegà, C. Dorfer, C. Grab, C. Heidegger, D. Hits, J. Hoss, T.
Klijnsma, W. Lustermann, M. Marionneau, M.T. Meinhard, D. Meister, F. Micheli,
P. Musella, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, J. Pata, F. Pauss, G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi, M.
Quittnat, M. Reichmann, D. Ruini, D.A. Sanz Becerra, M. Schönenberger, L.
Shchutska, V.R. Tavolaro, K. Theofilatos, M.L. Vesterbacka Olsson, R. Wallny,
D.H. Zhu Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, C. Amsler48, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, A. De Cosa, R. Del
Burgo, S. Donato, C. Galloni, T. Hreus, B. Kilminster, I. Neutelings, D.
Pinna, G. Rauco, P. Robmann, D. Salerno, K. Schweiger, C. Seitz, Y. Takahashi,
A. Zucchetta National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
Y.H. Chang, K.y. Cheng, T.H. Doan, Sh. Jain, R. Khurana, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A.
Pozdnyakov, S.S. Yu National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Arun Kumar, R.-S. Lu, E.
Paganis, A. Psallidas, A. Steen, J.f. Tsai Chulalongkorn University, Faculty
of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, N. Srimanobhas, N. Suwonjandee Çukurova University, Physics
Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
A. Bat, F. Boran, S. Cerci49, S. Damarseckin, Z.S. Demiroglu, C. Dozen, I.
Dumanoglu, S. Girgis, G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler, E. Gurpinar, I. Hos50, E.E.
Kangal51, O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu, U. Kiminsu, M. Oglakci, G. Onengut, K.
Ozdemir52, S. Ozturk53, D. Sunar Cerci49, B. Tali49, U.G. Tok, S. Turkcapar,
I.S. Zorbakir, C. Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University, Physics
Department, Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak54, G. Karapinar55, M. Yalvac, M. Zeyrek Bogazici University,
Istanbul, Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. Gülmez, M. Kaya56, O. Kaya57, S. Tekten, E.A. Yetkin58
Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
M.N. Agaras, S. Atay, A. Cakir, K. Cankocak, Y. Komurcu, S. Sen59 Institute
for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine,
Kharkov, Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and
Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
T. Alexander, F. Ball, L. Beck, J.J. Brooke, D. Burns, E. Clement, D. Cussans,
O. Davignon, H. Flacher, J. Goldstein, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko,
D.M. Newbold60, S. Paramesvaran, B. Penning, T. Sakuma, D. Smith, V.J. Smith,
J. Taylor Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
A. Belyaev61, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D. Cieri, D.J.A. Cockerill, J.A. Coughlan,
K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, C.H. Shepherd-
Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin, T. Williams, W.J. Womersley Imperial
College, London, United Kingdom
G. Auzinger, R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A.
Bundock, S. Casasso, D. Colling, L. Corpe, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della
Negra, R. Di Maria, Y. Haddad, G. Hall, G. Iles, T. James, M. Komm, C. Laner,
L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Malik, A. Martelli, J. Nash62, A. Nikitenko6, V.
Palladino, M. Pesaresi, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A.
Shtipliyski, T. Strebler, S. Summers, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, M. Vazquez
Acosta63, T. Virdee15, N. Wardle, D. Winterbottom, J. Wright, S.C. Zenz Brunel
University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, A. Morton, I.D. Reid,
L. Teodorescu, S. Zahid Baylor University, Waco, USA
A. Borzou, K. Call, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, H. Liu, N. Pastika, C. Smith
Catholic University of America, Washington DC, USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, S.I. Cooper, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West Boston University,
Boston, USA
D. Arcaro, T. Bose, D. Gastler, D. Rankin, C. Richardson, J. Rohlf, L. Sulak,
D. Zou Brown University, Providence, USA
G. Benelli, X. Coubez, D. Cutts, M. Hadley, J. Hakala, U. Heintz, J.M.
Hogan64, K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, J. Lee, Z. Mao, M. Narain, J.
Pazzini, S. Piperov, S. Sagir, R. Syarif, D. Yu University of California,
Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, D. Burns, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,
M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk,
W. Ko, R. Lander, C. Mclean, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett, J. Pilot, S. Shalhout,
M. Shi, D. Stolp, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Z. Wang, F. Zhang University
of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, C. Bravo, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, A. Florent, J. Hauser, M.
Ignatenko, N. Mccoll, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, V. Valuev
University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
E. Bouvier, K. Burt, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G.
Karapostoli, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix, O.R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I.
Paneva, W. Si, L. Wang, H. Wei, S. Wimpenny, B.R. Yates University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi,
A. Holzner, D. Klein, G. Kole, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, D.
Olivito, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, S. Simon, M. Tadel, A.
Vartak, S. Wasserbaech65, J. Wood, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, G. Zevi Della Porta
University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa
Barbara, USA
N. Amin, R. Bhandari, J. Bradmiller-Feld, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dishaw,
V. Dutta, M. Franco Sevilla, L. Gouskos, R. Heller, J. Incandela, A.
Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, D. Stuart, I. Suarez, S. Wang, J. Yoo California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, J. Bunn, J.M. Lawhorn, H.B. Newman, T.Q. Nguyen, M.
Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R.Y. Zhu Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I. Vorobiev, M.
Weinberg University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, F. Jensen, A. Johnson, M. Krohn, S. Leontsinis, E.
MacDonald, T. Mulholland, K. Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner Cornell
University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, J. Chaves, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, K. Mcdermott, N. Mirman,
J.R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, L. Skinnari, L. Soffi, S.M.
Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker, P. Wittich, M. Zientek Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S.
Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, G.
Bolla${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, K. Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B.
Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi, J. Duarte, V.D. Elvira, J.
Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D. Green, S. Grünendahl, O.
Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, J. Hirschauer, Z. Hu, B.
Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B. Klima, M.J. Kortelainen,
B. Kreis, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, J. Lykken, K.
Maeshima, N. Magini, J.M. Marraffino, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S.
Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, K. Pedro, C. Pena, O. Prokofyev, G. Rakness, L.
Ristori, A. Savoy-Navarro66, B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, A. Soha, W.J.
Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, N. Strobbe, L. Taylor, S.
Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, C. Vernieri, M. Verzocchi,
R. Vidal, M. Wang, H.A. Weber, A. Whitbeck, W. Wu University of Florida,
Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, P. Bortignon, D. Bourilkov, A. Brinkerhoff, A. Carnes, M.
Carver, D. Curry, R.D. Field, S.V. Gleyzer, B.M. Joshi, J. Konigsberg, A.
Korytov, P. Ma, K. Matchev, H. Mei, G. Mitselmakher, K. Shi, D. Sperka, L.
Thomas, J. Wang, S. Wang Florida International University, Miami, USA
Y.R. Joshi, S. Linn Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F. Johnson, T.
Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, A. Santra, V. Sharma, R.
Yohay Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T.
Roy, F. Yumiceva University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R.R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S.
Dittmer, O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, K. Jung, J.
Kamin, C. Mills, I.D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M.B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, H. Wang, Z.
Wu, J. Zhang The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
B. Bilki67, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz68, S. Durgut, R.P. Gandrajula, M.
Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, H. Mermerkaya69, A. Mestvirishvili,
A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul70, Y. Onel, F. Ozok71, A. Penzo, C. Snyder,
E. Tiras, J. Wetzel Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A.V. Gritsan,
W.T. Hung, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You The
University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, J. Bowen, J. Castle, S.
Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C. Rogan, S.
Sanders, E. Schmitz, J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang Kansas State University,
Manhattan, USA
A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, A. Modak, A. Mohammadi, L.K. Saini, N.
Skhirtladze Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright University of Maryland, College Park, USA
A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N.J. Hadley,
S. Jabeen, G.Y. Jeng, R.G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A.C. Mignerey, F. Ricci-Tam,
Y.H. Shin, A. Skuja, S.C. Tonwar Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, R. Barbieri, A. Baty, G. Bauer, R. Bi,
S. Brandt, W. Busza, I.A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos,
M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G.M. Innocenti, M. Klute,
D. Kovalskyi, Y.-J. Lee, A. Levin, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C. Marini, C.
Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland,
G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, J. Wang, T.W. Wang, B.
Wyslouch, S. Zhaozhong University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
A.C. Benvenuti, R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota,
Z. Lesko, J. Mans, S. Nourbakhsh, N. Ruckstuhl, R. Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M.A.
Wadud University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez,
R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J.E. Siado, G.R. Snow, B. Stieger
State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava, D. Nguyen, A. Parker,
S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani Northeastern University, Boston, USA
E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, A. Massironi, D.M. Morse, T. Orimoto,
R. Teixeira De Lima, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood Northwestern
University, Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, O. Charaf, K.A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M.H. Schmitt, K.
Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D.J. Karmgard, N.
Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y.
Musienko34, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S.
Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard The Ohio State University,
Columbus, USA
J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L.S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A.
Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, T.Y. Ling, W. Luo, B.L. Winer, H.W. Wulsin Princeton
University, Princeton, USA
S. Cooperstein, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, P. Hebda, S. Higginbotham, A.
Kalogeropoulos, D. Lange, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C.
Palmer, P. Piroué, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, D. Stickland, C. Tully University of
Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
A. Barker, V.E. Barnes, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, A. Khatiwada,
D.H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C.C. Peng, H. Qiu, J.F. Schulte, J. Sun, F. Wang,
R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar Rice University, Houston, USA
Z. Chen, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M. Guilbaud, M. Kilpatrick, W.
Li, B. Michlin, B.P. Padley, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A.
Zhang University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y.t. Duh, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T.
Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A.
Khukhunaishvili, K.H. Lo, P. Tan, R. Taus, M. Verzetti Rutgers, The State
University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
A. Agapitos, J.P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, T.A. Gómez Espinosa, E. Halkiadakis, M.
Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath,
R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D.
Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
A.G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, K. Rose, S. Spanier, K. Thapa Texas A&M
University, College Station, USA
O. Bouhali72, A. Castaneda Hernandez72, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia,
A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon73, R.
Mueller, Y. Pakhotin, R. Patel, A. Perloff, L. Perniè, D. Rathjens, A.
Safonov, A. Tatarinov Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P.R. Dudero, J. Faulkner, S. Kunori, K.
Lamichhane, S.W. Lee, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I.
Volobouev, Z. Wang Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken, J.D.
Ruiz Alvarez, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, Q. Xu University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C.
Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia Wayne State University,
Detroit, USA
R. Harr, P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski University
of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, S. Duric,
B. Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A.
Lanaro, A. Levine, K. Long, R. Loveless, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, N. Smith, W.H.
Smith, N. Woods †: Deceased
1: Also at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
2: Also at IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
3: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
4: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
5: Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
6: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
7: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
8: Also at Suez University, Suez, Egypt
9: Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
10: Also at Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
11: Also at Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia
12: Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
13: Also at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
14: Also at Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
15: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
16: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
17: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
18: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
19: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
20: Also at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
21: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
22: Also at Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
23: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
24: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India
25: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
26: Also at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
27: Also at Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
28: Also at Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
29: Also at INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b,
Milano, Italy
30: Also at International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
31: Also at Malaysian Nuclear Agency, MOSTI, Kajang, Malaysia
32: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico city, Mexico
33: Also at Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems,
Warsaw, Poland
34: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
35: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
36: Also at Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of
Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
37: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg,
Russia
38: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
39: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
40: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
41: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
42: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
43: Also at University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of
Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
44: Also at Scuola Normale e Sezione dell’INFN, Pisa, Italy
45: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
46: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
47: Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
48: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (SMI), Vienna,
Austria
49: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
50: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
51: Also at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
52: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
53: Also at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
54: Also at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
55: Also at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
56: Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
57: Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
58: Also at Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
59: Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
60: Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
61: Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
62: Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
63: Also at Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain
64: Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, USA
65: Also at Utah Valley University, Orem, USA
66: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
67: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
68: Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
69: Also at Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey
70: Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
71: Also at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
72: Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
73: Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea


* [152] S. I. 30137-1, “Information technology — use of biometrics in video surveillance systems — part 1: System design and specification,” _International Organization for Standardization_ , 2019.