HIN-17-008

$HeadURL$ $Id$

HIN-17-008

# Measurement of $\PBzs$ meson production in and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$

###### Abstract

The production cross sections of $\PBzs$ mesons and charge conjugates are
measured in proton-proton () and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions via the exclusive
decay channel $\PBzs\to\PJGy~{}\phi\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp\PKm$ at a center-of-mass
energy of $5.02\TeV$ per nucleon pair and within the rapidity range
$\abs{y}<2.4$ using the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement is performed
as a function of transverse momentum () of the $\PBzs$ mesons in the range of
7 to 50and is compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations.
The $\PBzs$ production yield in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions is measured in two
intervals, 7 to 15 and 15 to 50, and compared to the yield in collisions in
the same kinematic region. The nuclear modification factor ($R_{\mathrm{AA}}$)
is found to be $1.5\pm 0.6\stat\pm 0.5\syst$ for 7–15, and $0.87\pm
0.30\stat\pm 0.17\syst$ for 15–50, respectively. Within current uncertainties,
the $\PBzs$ results are consistent with models of strangeness enhancement, and
suppression by parton energy loss, as observed for the $\PBp$ mesons.

##  0.1 Introduction

Relativistic heavy ion collisions allow the study of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) at high energy density and temperature. Under such extreme conditions, a
state consisting of deconfined quarks and gluons, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP)
[1, 2], is predicted by lattice QCD calculations [3]. The study of the
phenomenon in which the outgoing partons interact strongly with the QGP and
lose energy by means of elastic collisions and medium-induced gluon radiation
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8] can provide insights into the energy density and diffusion
properties of the QGP. Heavy quarks are effective probes to study these
properties of the medium. Charm and beauty quarks that are primarily produced
in hard scatterings at the early stages of the collision are expected to carry
the full evolution history of the QGP formation [8]. On the other hand it is
expected [9] that, via the process $\Pg\Pg\to\cPqs\cPaqs$, an enhancement of
strangeness in a thermally and chemically equilibrated QGP should occur if its
temperature is above the strange quark mass. Measurements at the BNL RHIC of
the production of strange baryons and mesons, using different collision
systems and beam energies, provide systematic support for this expectation
[10, 11, 12, 13, 14]. Because of the interplay between the predicted
enhancement of strange quark production and the quenching mechanism of beauty
quarks, the measurement of strange beauty particles is important for studying
the mechanisms of beauty hadronization in heavy ion collisions. In the
presence of a medium with increased strangeness content [15, 16], the relative
yield of $\PBzs$ mesons with respect to nonstrange beauty mesons at transverse
momentum () below $\sim$15 [8, 17] can be enhanced in nucleus-nucleus
collisions compared to proton-proton () interactions. This can happen if
recombination is a significant factor of beauty hadronization in the QGP [18,
19, 20]. The recombination processes, which are considered markers for the
presence of a deconfined medium, were most recently tested in the open charm
sector by the ALICE Collaboration [21]. A possible hint for an enhancement in
the relative yield of mesons with respect to nonstrange charmed mesons for
$\pt<8$in central $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy of
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ per nucleon pair was observed.

The production of $\PBzs$ mesons was previously measured at the CERN LHC by
the CMS Collaboration in collisions at a center-of-mass energy of
$\sqrt{s}=7\TeV$ [22] and in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ [23]. In this letter, we report the first measurement of
exclusive $\PBzs$ meson decays ever performed in nucleus-nucleus collisions
and in collisions at 5.02. The measurement is performed as a function of and
compared to the predictions of fixed-order plus next-to-leading order
logarithmic (FONLL) perturbative QCD calculations [24, 25, 26]. The nuclear
modification factor ($R_{\mathrm{AA}}$) of $\PBzs$ mesons, which is defined as
the ratio of the yield in PbPb collisions with respect to that in pp
collisions scaled by the corresponding number of binary nucleon-nucleon (NN)
collisions, is shown. The comparison between the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of $\PBzs$
mesons and that of $\PBp$ mesons measured by CMS at the same energy [27] is
also presented.

The $\PBzs$ meson and its charge conjugate are measured in the rapidity range
$\abs{y}<2.4$ via the reconstruction of the decay channel
$\PBzs\to\PJGy~{}\phi\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp\PKm$, which has the branching fraction
$\mathcal{B}=(3.12\pm 0.24)\times 10^{-5}$ [28]. The measurement is performed
as a function of the $\PBzs$ in three intervals, 7–15, 15–20, and 20–50. The
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ production yield and the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ measurement are
performed in two intervals, 7–15 and 15–50, inclusively for all events (,
0–100% centrality, the degree of overlap of the two colliding nuclei).
Throughout the letter, unless otherwise specified, the $y$ and variables given
are those of the $\PBzs$ mesons. This analysis does not distinguish between
the charge conjugates.

##  0.2 Experimental apparatus and data sample

The central feature of the CMS detector is a superconducting solenoid, which
provides a magnetic field of 3.8T. Within the solenoid volume are a silicon
tracker that measures charged particles in the pseudorapidity range
$\abs{\eta}<2.5$, a lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter, and a
brass and scintillator hadron calorimeter. For charged particles of
$1<\pt<10$and $\abs{\eta}<1.4$, the track resolutions are typically 1.5% in
and 25–90 (45–150)in the transverse (longitudinal) impact parameter [29].
Muons are measured in the range $\abs{\eta}<2.4$, with detection planes made
using three technologies: drift tubes, cathode strip chambers, and resistive-
plate chambers. The muon reconstruction algorithm starts by finding tracks in
the muon detectors, which are then fitted together with tracks reconstructed
in the silicon tracker to form ”global muons”. Matching muons to tracks
measured in the silicon tracker results in a relative resolution for muons
with $20<\pt<100$of 1.3–2.0% in the barrel ($\abs{\eta}<1.2$) and better than
6% in the endcaps ($1.6<\abs{\eta}<2.4$). For muons with higher up to 1, the
resolution in the barrel is better than 10% [30]. The hadron forward (HF)
calorimeter uses steel as an absorber and quartz fibers as the sensitive
material. The two halves of the HF are located 11.2m away from the interaction
point, one on each end, providing together coverage in the range
$3.0<\abs{\eta}<5.2$. In this analysis, the HF information is used for
performing an offline event selection. A detailed description of the CMS
experiment and coordinate system can be found in Ref. [31].

Several Monte Carlo (MC) simulated event samples are used to evaluate
background components, signal efficiencies, and detector acceptance
corrections. The simulations include samples containing only the $\PBzs$ meson
decay channels being measured, and samples with inclusive (prompt and
nonprompt) $\PJGy$ mesons. Proton-proton collisions are generated with 8 v212
[32] tune CUETP8M1 [33] and propagated through the CMS detector using the
package [34]. The decay of the $\PBzs$ mesons is modeled with 1.3.0 [35], and
final-state photon radiation in the $\PBzs$ decays is simulated with 2.0 [36].
For the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ MC samples, each 8 event is embedded into a
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision event generated with hydjet 1.8 [37], which is tuned
to reproduce global event properties, such as the charged-hadron spectrum and
particle multiplicity. For both samples, the signal shape is reweighted to
match the one from FONLL. For both and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data and MC samples,
the dimuon and ditrack mass distributions/resolutions are consistent.

Events were collected with the same trigger during the and $\mathrm{PbPb}$
data acquisition, requiring the presence of two muon candidates (with no
explicit momentum threshold) in coincidence with a bunch crossing. For the
offline analysis, events have to pass a set of selection criteria designed to
reject events from background processes (beam-gas collisions and beam scraping
events) as described in Ref. [38]. Events are required to have at least one
reconstructed primary interaction vertex, formed by two or more tracks, with a
distance from the center of the nominal interaction region of less than
15along the beam axis. In $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions, the shapes of the
clusters in the pixel detector have to be compatible with those expected from
particles produced by a $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision [39]. In order to select
hadronic collisions, the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ events are also required to have at
least three towers in each of the HF detectors with energy deposits of more
than 3per tower. The combined efficiency for this event selection, including
the remaining non-hadronic contamination, is $(99\pm 2)$%. Values higher than
100% are possible, reflecting the potential presence of ultra-peripheral
(i.e., non-hadronic) collisions in the selected event sample. The
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of
approximately 351. This value is indicative only, as the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ yield
is normalized by the total number of minimum bias events sampled,
$N_{\text{MB}}$ [38]. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of
28.0, which is known to an accuracy of $\pm$2.3% from the uncertainty in the
calibration based on a van der Meer scan [40]. The average number of
additional collisions per bunch crossing is approximately 0.9 for and less
than 0.01 for $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data. The presence of multiple collisions is
found to have a negligible effect on the measurement.

##  0.3 Signal extraction

The analysis procedure is common for and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data. Kinematic
limits are imposed on the single muons so that their reconstruction efficiency
stays above 10%. These limits are $\pt^{\mu}>3.5\GeVc\enspace\text{ for
}\abs{\eta^{\mu}}<1.2$, $\pt^{\mu}>1.8\GeVc\text{ for
}2.1\leq\abs{\eta^{\mu}}<2.4$, and linearly interpolated in the
$1.2<\abs{\eta^{\mu}}<2.1$ region. The muons are also required to match the
muons that triggered the event online, and to pass selection criteria
optimized for low (the so-called soft selection [30]). Two muons of opposite
sign (OS), with an invariant mass within $\pm$150of the world-average $\PJGy$
meson mass [28] are selected to reconstruct a $\PJGy$ candidate, with a mass
resolution of typically 18–55, depending on the dimuon rapidity and . The OS
muon pairs are fitted with a common vertex constraint and are kept if the
p-value of the $\chi^{2}$ of the fit is greater than 1%, thus lowering the
background from charm and beauty hadron semileptonic decays. Similarly, the
$\phi$ meson candidates are formed with a common vertex constraint between two
OS charged-particle tracks with $\pt>300(150)$for $\mathrm{PbPb}$ () sample,
both required to pass standard selections [38]. The invariant mass, with a
resolution of $\sim$3.9 (3.4)for $\mathrm{PbPb}$ () data, is required to be
within 15of the world-average $\phi$ meson mass [28]. The $\PBzs$ meson
candidates are constructed by combining the $\PJGy$ and $\phi$ candidates and
requiring that they originate from a common vertex. Without using particle
identification, assumptions need to be made about the masses of the charged
particles. The difference between the natural width (according to PDG [41])
and the measured width (reflecting detector resolution) of the peaks is much
bigger for the $\PJGy$ meson than for the $\phi$ meson. Therefore, in
calculating the mass of the $\PBzs$ candidates, the two charged particles are
always assumed to have the mass of charged kaons, and the muon pair is assumed
to have the mass of a $\PJGy$ meson.

The $\PBzs$ candidates are selected according to their daughter charged
particle track kinematics, the $\chi^{2}$ probability of their decay vertex
(the probability for the muon tracks from the $\PJGy$ meson decay and the
other charged particle tracks to originate from a common vertex), the distance
between the primary and decay vertices (normalized by its uncertainty), and
the pointing angle (the angle between the line segment connecting the primary
and decay vertices and the momentum vector of the $\PBzs$ meson). The
selection is optimized separately for and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ results as well as
each individual bin, using a multivariate technique that employs the boosted
decision tree (BDT) algorithm [42], in order to maximize the statistical
significance of the $\PBzs$ meson signals. The $\PBzs$ signal samples are
taken from simulation. The signal samples are scaled to the number of $\PBzs$
candidates predicted by FONLL calculations corresponding to the integrated
luminosity of the analyzed data sample. This normalization is not used when
performing the BDT training. The background samples for the multivariate
training are taken from data sidebands of the $\PBzs$ meson invariant mass
($0.2<\abs{M_{\mu\mu\PK\PK}-M_{\PBzs,{\mathrm{PDG}}}}<0.3\GeVcc$), which is
about 5$\sigma$ away from the PDG mass value. The optimal selection criterion
is the working point with the highest signal significance
($N_{\mathrm{s}}/\sqrt{(N_{\mathrm{s}}+N_{\mathrm{b}}}$), where
$N_{\mathrm{s}}$ ($N_{\mathrm{b}}$) are the expected signal (background)
candidate yields from the simulated signal (data sidebands) within the mass
range $\abs{M_{\mu\mu\PK\PK}-M_{\PBzs,{\mathrm{PDG}}}}<0.08\GeVcc$.

Figure 1: Invariant mass distributions of $\PBzs$ candidates in (left) and
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ (right) collisions measured in the range $\abs{y}<2.4$ and in
the range of 7–15. The $\chi^{2}$ divided by the number of degrees of freedom
(nDOF) is also given.

Figure 2: Invariant mass distributions of $\PBzs$ candidates in (left) and
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ (right) collisions measured in the range $\abs{y}<2.4$ and in
the range of 15–50. The $\chi^{2}$ divided by the number of degrees of freedom
(nDOF) is also given.

The raw yields of mesons in and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions are extracted using
an extended unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the invariant mass distribution
of the candidates in the mass range 5–6$\GeVcc$. The estimation of the
statistical uncertainties of the fitted raw yields is based on the second
derivatives of the negative log-likelihood function. Examples of fits to the
invariant mass distributions in and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions are shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 for the $\pt$ regions 7–15 and 15–50, respectively. The signal
shape is modeled by two Gaussian functions with a common mean (which is a free
parameter together with the amplitude), and different widths individually
determined from MC simulations for the and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ results. The
relative contribution of the two Gaussian functions to the signal yield is
also fixed at the value given by the MC sample. The background is dominated by
random combinations of prompt and nonprompt candidates with extra particles
and it is modeled by a first-order polynomial, as determined by studies of the
inclusive $\PJGy$ MC sample. Peaking structures that could arise from the
background contamination of other meson decays (e.g.,
$\PBz\to\PJGy~{}\PKst^{0}$) were found to be negligible as a consequence of
the tight selection on the mass of the $\phi$ candidate.

The differential cross section for $\PBzs$ production in $\abs{y}<2.4$ is
computed in each interval according to

$\left.\frac{{\rd}\sigma^{\PBzs}}{{\rd}\pt}\right|_{\abs{y}<2.4}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{\mathcal{B}\,\mathcal{L}}\frac{1}{\Delta\pt}\left.\frac{N^{(\PBzs+\overline{\PBzs})}_{\Pp{}\Pp}(\pt)}{\alpha_{{\Pp\Pp}}(\pt)\,\epsilon_{\Pp{}\Pp}(\pt)}\right|_{\abs{y}<2.4},$
(1)

for data, and for $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data according to

$\left.\frac{1}{T_{\mathrm{AA}}}\frac{{\rd}N^{\PBzs}_{\mathrm{PbPb}}}{{\rd}\pt}\right|_{\abs{y}<2.4}=\frac{1}{2}\frac{1}{\mathcal{B}\,N_{\text{MB}}\,T_{\mathrm{AA}}}\frac{1}{\Delta\pt}\left.\frac{N^{(\PBzs+\overline{\PBzs})}_{\mathrm{PbPb}}(\pt)}{\alpha_{\mathrm{PbPb}}(\pt)\,\epsilon_{\mathrm{PbPb}}(\pt)}\right|_{\abs{y}<2.4}.$
(2)

The $N^{(\PBzs+\overline{\PBzs})}_{\Pp{}\Pp,\mathrm{PbPb}}$ is the raw signal
yield extracted in each interval of width $\Delta\pt$,
$(\alpha,\epsilon)_{\Pp{}\Pp,\mathrm{PbPb}}$ represents the corresponding
acceptance times efficiency, and $\mathcal{B}$ is the branching fraction of
the decay chain. For the cross section, $\mathcal{L}$ represents the
integrated luminosity, and for the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ cross section,
$N_{\text{MB}}$ is the number of minimum bias events and $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is
the nuclear overlap function [43]. The $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is equal to the
number of NN binary collisions divided by the NN total inelastic cross
section, and it can be interpreted as the NN-equivalent integrated luminosity
per heavy ion collision. The $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ value for inclusive
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02$is $(5.6\pm 0.2)$as estimated
from an MC Glauber model [43, 38]. Assuming that, in the kinematic region
accessible by the present measurement, the $\PBzs$ and $\overline{\PBzs}$
production cross sections are equal, the factor 1/2 accounts for the fact that
the yields are measured for particles and antiparticles added together, but
the cross section is given for one species only.

Figure 3:  The -differential production cross section of in collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=5.02\TeV$ in three intervals from 7 to 50. The vertical bars (boxes)
correspond to statistical (systematic) uncertainties. The global systematic
uncertainty, listed in the legend and not included in the point-to-point
uncertainties, comprises the uncertainties in the integrated luminosity
measurement and in the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}$. The cross section is
compared to FONLL calculations [26] represented by the colored yellow boxes
with the heights indicating the theoretical uncertainty.

##  0.4 Systematic uncertainties

The cross section measurements are affected by several sources of systematic
uncertainties arising from the signal extraction, corrections, $\mathcal{B}$,
$\mathcal{L}$, $N_{\text{MB}}$, and $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ determination. Unless
mentioned otherwise, the same procedures were used to estimate the
uncertainties for the and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ results. The uncertainty of the
signal modeling is evaluated by considering four fit variations: (i)
increasing/decreasing the width parameters determined from simulation by 4%
(the maximum relative statistical uncertainty of the fitted width parameter
among all bins from and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data); (ii) using a single Gaussian
function; (iii) using a sum of three Gaussian functions with a common mean,
and, (iv) fixing the mean of the Gaussian function to the value determined
from simulation. The uncertainty in the modeling of the background shapes is
also evaluated by varying the probability distribution functions used to
describe the background to a higher-order polynomial and exponential function.
The maximum of the signal variations and the maximum of all the background
variations are propagated as systematic uncertainties. For the results, the
systematic uncertainty due to the selection of the $\PBzs$ meson candidates is
estimated by comparing the BDT-obtained nominal result with the results using
a cut-based method (a rectangular cut) that uses the Genetic Algorithm to
determine the best cut value for each parameter [42]. The same signal and
background shape parametrization are used, and the same analysis parameters
are optimized as in the BDT nominal method. The significance is similar for
the two methods ($\sim$8) for the bins. This provides an estimate of the
potential difference between different selection criteria. The full difference
between the two methods is propagated as a systematic uncertainty. For the
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ results, because of the small signal in data, in order to
minimize the impact of statistical fluctuations, a different approach was
taken. In this case, the $\PBzs$ selection uncertainty was estimated using the
pp data sample, as the full difference in the yield between the results with
the BDT trained on the sample (the nominal result) and the results with the
BDT trained on the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ sample (the selection used for the
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ results).

The bin-by-bin systematic uncertainties associated with the acceptance
correction are estimated by varying the shape of the generated $\PBzs$ meson
and $y$ spectra. For the purpose of the systematic studies only, both data and
MC are split into four and $y$ bins. The ratio between data and simulated
spectra (including their statistical uncertainties) is used to generate
pseudo-experiments (‘toys’). Each toy is fit with a polynomial, which is then
used to reweight the MC $\PBzs$ meson spectra. A new acceptance value is
calculated for each modified shape, for each kinematic bin. The root mean
square (RMS) of all acceptances determined via toys is propagated as the
systematic uncertainty by choosing the maximum RMS value emerging from the and
$y$ shape variations. Because of the small signal available, for the
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ results the ratio is used to generate the toys. There is also
an uncertainty assigned to account for potential bias in the efficiency
calculations from the FONLL simulations of the $\PBzs$ meson shape. This
uncertainty is calculated as the difference between the nominal results and
those obtained by generating the shape. An additional uncertainty comes from
the finite size of the MC samples. This is determined by the statistical
uncertainty of the simulated signal, after applying all selection criteria.

The uncertainty in the efficiency of the muon trigger, reconstruction, and
identification is evaluated bin-by-bin using control samples in data [44]. A
relative systematic uncertainty of 4% per hadron track in collisions [29] and
6% in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions [38] is also considered, to account for the
uncertainty in the track reconstruction efficiency. This uncertainty
propagates to 8% and 12% for the $\PBzs$ measurement in and $\mathrm{PbPb}$,
respectively. The systematic uncertainty in the cross section measurement is
computed as the sum in quadrature of the different contributions mentioned
above. The uncertainty in the $\PBzs$ meson decay $\mathcal{B}$ is 7.6% [28].
The uncertainty for $N_{\text{MB}}$ accounts for the inefficiency of the event
selection and the trigger in selecting hadronic events [38]. The
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ uncertainty is $+2.8\%,-3.4\%$ [38]. In the calculations of
the systematic uncertainties of the $\PBzs$ meson $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and the
$\mathrm{R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ ratio between $\PBzs$ and $\PBp$, correlated
uncertainties from the track and muon reconstruction and identification are
partially canceled.

The values for each systematic uncertainty source are listed in Table 0.4.

Summary of systematic uncertainties in percentage (%) from each source in and
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ analyses.  Collision system $\mathrm{PbPb}$ interval () [7,15]
[15,20] [20,50] [7,15] [15,50] Signal modeling 2.5 0.7 0.7 4.2 3.5 Background
modeling 3.4 1.6 1.6 8.7 0.68 selection 15 2.6 2.6 19 8.6 acceptance 1.7 1.4
1.7 1.7 1.7 efficiency 6.5 0.5 0.9 7.9 3.8 MC sample size 0.8 0.8 0.5 4.9 2.1
Muon trigger, reconstruction, and identification 4.4 3.3 3.0 5.1 3.8 Hadron
tracking efficiency 8 8 8 12 12 Total 19 9.4 9.3 26 16 Branching fractions 7.6
Number of minimum bias events in PbPb data — 2 $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ —
$+$2.8/$-$3.4 Integrated luminosity of data 2.3 —

##  0.5 Results

In Fig. 3 and in the left panel of Fig. 4, the $\pt$-differential production
cross sections in and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions measured in the interval
$\abs{y}<2.4$ are presented. The results are compared to the predictions of
FONLL calculations [26]. The FONLL reference cross section is obtained by
multiplying the FONLL total quark production [24, 25, 26] by the world-average
production fraction of $\PBzs$ of 10.3% [28]. The $\PBzs$ FONLL prediction is
consistent with the measured $\PBzs$ spectrum within the uncertainties. The
measured spectrum has a smaller uncertainty than that of the FONLL
calculation.

The nuclear modification factor $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$, shown in Fig. 4, is
computed as:

$R_{\mathrm{AA}}(\pt)=\frac{1}{T_{\mathrm{AA}}}\frac{{\rd}N^{\PBzs}_{\mathrm{PbPb}}}{{\rd}\pt}\bigg{/}\frac{{\rd}\sigma^{\PBzs}_{\Pp{}\Pp}}{{\rd}\pt}.$
(3)

The meson $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is $1.5\pm 0.6\stat\pm 0.5\syst$ for 7–15, and
$0.87\pm 0.30\stat\pm 0.17\syst$ for 15–50, respectively. In the right panel
of Fig. 4, the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of mesons from a previous measurement [27] is
also shown. Compared to the mesons, there is an indication of an enhancement
for mesons, which would be the expectation in the presence of a contribution
from beauty recombination with strange quarks in heavy ion collisions.
However, the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ values are compatible with unity and their
large uncertainties do not exclude a significant suppression. The dependence
of $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is compared to the prediction of a perturbative QCD based
model that includes both collisional and radiative energy loss, (CUJET3.0)
[45, 46, 47], and a transport model based on a Langevin equation that includes
collisional energy loss and heavy quark diffusion in the medium, (TAMU) [48,
17]. The difference between the two models below $\pt\sim 15$reflects the
contribution from recombination processes, which are included in the TAMU but
not in the CUJET3.0 model. The results measured for $\pt>7$have the power to
disentangle the two models, albeit after an increase in precision, which can
be achieved with a bigger data sample.

Figure 4: (left) The -differential production cross section of $\PBzs$ mesons
in collisions and the -differential corrected yield of mesons scaled by
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ in two
intervals from 7 to 50. The vertical bars (boxes) correspond to statistical
(systematic) uncertainties. The global systematic uncertainty comprises the
uncertainties in $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$, $N_{\text{MB}}$, and $\mathcal{B}$.
(right) The nuclear modification factor $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of $\PBzs$ measured
in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ from 7 to 50. The
vertical bars (boxes) correspond to statistical (systematic) uncertainties.
The $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ measurement [27] is also shown for comparison. The
global systematic uncertainty, represented by the grey box at
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}=1$, comprises the uncertainties in the integrated luminosity
measurement and $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ value. Two $\PBzs$ theoretical calculations
are also shown for comparison: TAMU [48, 17] and CUJET3.0 [45, 46, 47]. The
line width of the theoretical calculation from Refs. [48, 17] represents the
size of its statistical uncertainty. Figure 5: The nuclear modification factor
$\mathrm{R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ ratio between $\PBzs$ and $\PBp$ measured in
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ from 7 to 50. Two $\PBzs$
theoretical calculations are also shown for comparison: TAMU [48, 17], and
CUJET3.0 [45, 46, 47].

To further quantify the significance of a possible enhancement of the
$\PBzs$/$\PBp$ ratio in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ with respect to collisions, the ratio
between the $\PBzs$ and the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is also calculated, canceling
the systematic uncertainty sources that are common to both measurements
(acceptance, tracking efficiency, and muon-related). The $\PBp$
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ with a wider binning (15–50) is obtained by a $\PBp$ yield
weighted average of the results from three bins (15–20, 20–30 and 30–50)
presented in previous work [27]. The result is shown in Fig. 5. The ratio is
$4.0\pm 1.8\stat\pm 1.3\syst$ for 7–15, and $1.8\pm 0.7\stat\pm 0.3\syst$ for
15–50, respectively. Assuming a Gaussian distribution with mean and width
equal to that of the $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ ratio and its uncertainty (including
statistical and systematic components added in quadrature), the hypothesis of
the ratio values being consistent with unity (no enhancement) is tested with a
$\chi^{2}$ test. The resulting p-values are 18% and 28% for 7–15 and 15–50,
respectively. This shows that, with a $p$-value cutoff of 5%, the scenario of
no enhancement cannot be rejected. This analysis demonstrates the capability
of performing a fully reconstructed $\PBzs$ measurement in $\mathrm{PbPb}$
collisions with the CMS detector.

##  0.6 Summary

The first measurement of the differential production cross section of $\PBzs$
mesons (including both charge conjugates) in both and $\mathrm{PbPb}$
collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $5.02\TeV$ per nucleon pair is
presented. The $\PBzs$ and $\overline{\PBzs}$ mesons are studied with the CMS
detector at the LHC in the rapidity range $\abs{y}<2.4$ via the reconstruction
of one of their exclusive hadronic decay channels,
$\PBzs\to\PJGy~{}\phi\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp\PKm$. The nuclear modification factor
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ of $\PBzs$ is measured in the transverse momentum range from
7 to 50, inclusively for 0–100% event centrality. A hint of an enhancement of
the $\PBzs$/$\PBp$ ratio in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ with respect to collisions is
seen. More precise measurements of the $\PBzs$ and $\PBpm$ mesons
$R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ with the upcoming high-luminosity LHC heavy ion runs could
provide further constraints on the relevance of recombination, a marker of
deconfined matter, for beauty hadron production, and unambiguous information
about the mechanisms of beauty hadronization in heavy ion collisions.

###### Acknowledgements.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the
excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative
staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the
success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the
computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for
delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our
analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction
and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following
funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,
CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST,
and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF
(Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of
Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and
HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM
(Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES
(Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT,
LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC
(Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom,
RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER
(Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST
(Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK
(Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).
Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the
European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract No. 675440
(European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A. P. Sloan Foundation; the
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office;
the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans
l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en
Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the
“Excellence of Science - EOS” - be.h project n. 30820817; the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Lendület
(“Momentum”) Programme and the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the
Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the
NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850 and 125105 (Hungary); the
Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme
of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional
Development Fund, the Mobility Plus programme of the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia
2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and
2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities
Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Programa Estatal de
Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de
Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de
Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the
Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship,
Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century
Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845;
and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).

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##  .7 The CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A.M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, M. Dragicevic,
J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, R. Frühwirth1, V.M. Ghete, J.
Hrubec, M. Jeitler1, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I.
Mikulec, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck1, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D.
Spitzbart, A. Taurok, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz1, M. Zarucki
Institute for Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez Universiteit Antwerpen,
Antwerpen, Belgium
E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Pieters, H. Van
Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
Brussel, Belgium
S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover,
G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L.
Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders,
I. Van Parijs Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B.
Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A.K. Kalsi, T.
Lenzi, J. Luetic, N. Postiau, E. Starling, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P.
Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, Q. Wang Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov2, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas,
D. Trocino, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit, N. Zaganidis
Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, P. David, C.
Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A.
Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono,
S. Wertz, J. Zobec Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil
F.L. Alves, G.A. Alves, M. Correa Martins Junior, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel,
A. Moraes, M.E. Pol, P. Rebello Teles Universidade do Estado do Rio de
Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato3, E. Coelho, E.M.
Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira4, D. De Jesus Damiao, C. De Oliveira Martins, S.
Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Melo De Almeida, C.
Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, W.L. Prado Da Silva, L.J. Sanchez Rosas,
A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, E.J. Tonelli Manganote3, F. Torres Da Silva
De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a, Universidade
Federal do ABC b, São Paulo, Brazil
S. Ahujaa, C.A. Bernardesa, L. Calligarisa, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M.
Gregoresb, P.G. Mercadanteb, S.F. Novaesa, SandraS. Padulaa Institute for
Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia,
Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, A. Marinov, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov,
M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang5, X. Gao5, L. Yuan Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
M. Ahmad, J.G. Bian, G.M. Chen, H.S. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, C.H. Jiang, D.
Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, F. Romeo, S.M. Shaheen6, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, Z. Wang,
E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, S. Zhang6, J. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Nuclear
Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y. Ban, G. Chen, A. Levin, J. Li, L. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S.J. Qian, D. Wang, Z.
Xu Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y. Wang Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, L.F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez,
C.F. González Hernández, M.A. Segura Delgado University of Split, Faculty of
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split,
Croatia
B. Courbon, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac University of Split,
Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, B. Mesic, A. Starodumov7, T. Susa
University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, M. Kolosova, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou,
F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski Charles University, Prague, Czech
Republic
M. Finger8, M. Finger Jr.8 Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab
Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
A. Ellithi Kamel9, M.A. Mahmoud10,11, Y. Mohammed10 National Institute of
Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M.
Kadastik, M. Raidal, C. Veelken Department of Physics, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, H. Kirschenmann, J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen Helsinki Institute of
Physics, Helsinki, Finland
J. Havukainen, J.K. Heikkilä, T. Järvinen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T.
Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, T.
Mäenpää, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi Lappeenranta University of
Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
T. Tuuva IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F. Ferri, S.
Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, C. Leloup,
E. Locci, J. Malcles, G. Negro, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin, M. Titov
Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, Université
Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
A. Abdulsalam12, C. Amendola, I. Antropov, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, C.
Charlot, R. Granier de Cassagnac, I. Kucher, A. Lobanov, J. Martin Blanco, C.
Martin Perez, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Paganini, P. Pigard, J.
Rembser, R. Salerno, J.B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A.G. Stahl Leiton, A. Zabi, A.
Zghiche Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
J.-L. Agram13, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, V. Cherepanov,
C. Collard, E. Conte13, J.-C. Fontaine13, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach, M. Jansová,
A.-C. Le Bihan, N. Tonon, P. Van Hove Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National
de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne,
France
S. Gadrat Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3,
Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, N. Chanon, R. Chierici, D. Contardo, P.
Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, L. Finco, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, G.
Grenier, B. Ille, F. Lagarde, I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, M. Lethuillier, L.
Mirabito, S. Perries, A. Popov14, V. Sordini, G. Touquet, M. Vander Donckt, S.
Viret Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
T. Toriashvili15 Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
I. Bagaturia16 RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen,
Germany
C. Autermann, L. Feld, M.K. Kiesel, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, M. Preuten, M.P.
Rauch, C. Schomakers, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde, B. Wittmer, V. Zhukov14 RWTH
Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
A. Albert, D. Duchardt, M. Erdmann, S. Erdweg, T. Esch, R. Fischer, S. Ghosh,
A. Güth, T. Hebbeker, C. Heidemann, K. Hoepfner, H. Keller, L. Mastrolorenzo,
M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, S. Mukherjee, T. Pook, M. Radziej, H.
Reithler, M. Rieger, A. Schmidt, D. Teyssier, S. Thüer RWTH Aachen University,
III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
G. Flügge, O. Hlushchenko, T. Kress, A. Künsken, T. Müller, A. Nehrkorn, A.
Nowack, C. Pistone, O. Pooth, D. Roy, H. Sert, A. Stahl17 Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
M. Aldaya Martin, T. Arndt, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, I. Babounikau, K.
Beernaert, O. Behnke, U. Behrens, A. Bermúdez Martínez, D. Bertsche, A.A. Bin
Anuar, K. Borras18, V. Botta, A. Campbell, P. Connor, C. Contreras-Campana, V.
Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis, C. Diez Pardos, D. Domínguez Damiani, G.
Eckerlin, T. Eichhorn, A. Elwood, E. Eren, E. Gallo19, A. Geiser, A.
Grohsjean, M. Guthoff, M. Haranko, A. Harb, J. Hauk, H. Jung, M. Kasemann, J.
Keaveney, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Krücker, W. Lange, A. Lelek, T. Lenz, J.
Leonard, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann20, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, A.B. Meyer,
M. Meyer, M. Missiroli, G. Mittag, J. Mnich, V. Myronenko, S.K. Pflitsch, D.
Pitzl, A. Raspereza, M. Savitskyi, P. Saxena, P. Schütze, C. Schwanenberger,
R. Shevchenko, A. Singh, H. Tholen, O. Turkot, A. Vagnerini, G.P. Van Onsem,
R. Walsh, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C. Wissing, O. Zenaiev University of Hamburg,
Hamburg, Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, V. Blobel, T. Dreyer, E. Garutti,
D. Gonzalez, P. Gunnellini, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina, G.
Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, N. Kovalchuk, S. Kurz, V. Kutzner, J. Lange,
D. Marconi, J. Multhaup, M. Niedziela, C.E.N. Niemeyer, D. Nowatschin, A.
Perieanu, A. Reimers, O. Rieger, C. Scharf, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J.
Schwandt, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, F.M. Stober, M. Stöver, A.
Vanhoefer, B. Vormwald, I. Zoi Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie,
Karlsruhe, Germany
M. Akbiyik, C. Barth, M. Baselga, S. Baur, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, F.
Colombo, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, K. El Morabit, N. Faltermann, B. Freund, M.
Giffels, M.A. Harrendorf, F. Hartmann17, S.M. Heindl, U. Husemann, F.
Kassel17, I. Katkov14, S. Kudella, H. Mildner, S. Mitra, M.U. Mozer, Th.
Müller, M. Plagge, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, M. Schröder, I. Shvetsov, G. Sieber,
H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, S. Wayand, M. Weber, T. Weiler, S. Williamson, C.
Wöhrmann, R. Wolf Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR
Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
G. Anagnostou, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, G.
Paspalaki, I. Topsis-Giotis National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
G. Karathanasis, S. Kesisoglou, P. Kontaxakis, A. Panagiotou, I. Papavergou,
N. Saoulidou, E. Tziaferi, K. Vellidis National Technical University of
Athens, Athens, Greece
K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis University of Ioánnina,
Ioánnina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, S. Mallios, N.
Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, E. Paradas, J. Strologas, F.A. Triantis, D.
Tsitsonis MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
M. Bartók21, M. Csanad, N. Filipovic, P. Major, M.I. Nagy, G. Pasztor, O.
Surányi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath22, Á. Hunyadi, F. Sikler, T.Á. Vámi, V.
Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$ Institute of Nuclear
Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
N. Beni, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi23, A. Makovec, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi
Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari Indian Institute of Science (IISc),
Bangalore, India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri, P.C. Tiwari National Institute of Science
Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati24, C. Kar, P. Mal, K. Mandal, A. Nayak25, D.K. Sahoo24, S.K.
Swain Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, S. Chauhan, R. Chawla, N. Dhingra, R.
Gupta, A. Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kaur, R. Kumar, P. Kumari, M. Lohan, A. Mehta, K.
Sandeep, S. Sharma, J.B. Singh, A.K. Virdi, G. Walia University of Delhi,
Delhi, India
A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, Ashok Kumar, S.
Malhotra, M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, Aashaq Shah, R. Sharma Saha
Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
R. Bhardwaj26, M. Bharti26, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, U. Bhawandeep26,
D. Bhowmik, S. Dey, S. Dutt26, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, K. Mondal, S. Nandan, A.
Purohit, P.K. Rout, A. Roy, S. Roy Chowdhury, G. Saha, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan,
B. Singh26, S. Thakur26 Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
R. Chudasama, D. Dutta, V. Jha, V. Kumar, P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P.
Shukla Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, G.B. Mohanty, N. Sur, B. Sutar, RavindraKumar
Verma Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, P. Das, M. Guchait, Sa. Jain, S.
Karmakar, S. Kumar, M. Maity27, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, N. Sahoo, T.
Sarkar27 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune,
India
S. Chauhan, S. Dube, V. Hegde, A. Kapoor, K. Kothekar, S. Pandey, A. Rane, S.
Sharma Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani28, E. Eskandari Tadavani, S.M. Etesami28, M. Khakzad, M.
Mohammadi Najafabadi, M. Naseri, F. Rezaei Hosseinabadi, B. Safarzadeh29, M.
Zeinali University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b,
Politecnico di Bari c, Bari, Italy
M. Abbresciaa,b, C. Calabriaa,b, A. Colaleoa, D. Creanzaa,c, L. Cristellaa,b,
N. De Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, A. Di Florioa,b, F. Erricoa,b, L. Fiorea,
A. Gelmia,b, G. Iasellia,c, M. Incea,b, S. Lezkia,b, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia,
G. Minielloa,b, S. Mya,b, S. Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c, R.
Radognaa, A. Ranieria, G. Selvaggia,b, A. Sharmaa, L. Silvestrisa, R.
Vendittia, P. Verwilligena, G. Zitoa INFN Sezione di Bologna a, Università di
Bologna b, Bologna, Italy
G. Abbiendia, C. Battilanaa,b, D. Bonacorsia,b, L. Borgonovia,b, S. Braibant-
Giacomellia,b, R. Campaninia,b, P. Capiluppia,b, A. Castroa,b, F.R. Cavalloa,
S.S. Chhibraa,b, C. Cioccaa, G. Codispotia,b, M. Cuffiania,b, G.M.
Dallavallea, F. Fabbria, A. Fanfania,b, E. Fontanesi, P. Giacomellia, C.
Grandia, L. Guiduccia,b, S. Lo Meoa, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia, A.
Montanaria, F.L. Navarriaa,b, A. Perrottaa, F. Primaveraa,b,17, A.M. Rossia,b,
T. Rovellia,b, G.P. Sirolia,b, N. Tosia INFN Sezione di Catania a, Università
di Catania b, Catania, Italy
S. Albergoa,b, A. Di Mattiaa, R. Potenzaa,b, A. Tricomia,b, C. Tuvea,b INFN
Sezione di Firenze a, Università di Firenze b, Firenze, Italy
G. Barbaglia, K. Chatterjeea,b, V. Ciullia,b, C. Civininia, R.
D’Alessandroa,b, E. Focardia,b, G. Latino, P. Lenzia,b, M. Meschinia, S.
Paolettia, L. Russoa,30, G. Sguazzonia, D. Stroma, L. Viliania INFN Laboratori
Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, F. Fabbri, D. Piccolo INFN Sezione di Genova a,
Università di Genova b, Genova, Italy
F. Ferroa, F. Raveraa,b, E. Robuttia, S. Tosia,b INFN Sezione di Milano-
Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b, Milano, Italy
A. Benagliaa, A. Beschib, L. Brianzaa,b, F. Brivioa,b, V. Cirioloa,b,17, S. Di
Guidaa,d,17, M.E. Dinardoa,b, S. Fiorendia,b, S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P.
Govonia,b, M. Malbertia,b, S. Malvezzia, A. Massironia,b, D. Menascea, F.
Monti, L. Moronia, M. Paganonia,b, D. Pedrinia, S. Ragazzia,b, T. Tabarelli de
Fatisa,b, D. Zuoloa,b INFN Sezione di Napoli a, Università di Napoli ’Federico
II’ b, Napoli, Italy, Università della Basilicata c, Potenza, Italy,
Università G. Marconi d, Roma, Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, A. De Iorioa,b, A. Di Crescenzoa,b, F.
Fabozzia,c, F. Fiengaa, G. Galatia, A.O.M. Iorioa,b, W.A. Khana, L. Listaa, S.
Meolaa,d,17, P. Paoluccia,17, C. Sciaccaa,b, E. Voevodinaa,b INFN Sezione di
Padova a, Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy, Università di Trento c,
Trento, Italy
P. Azzia, N. Bacchettaa, D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b, A. Bragagnolo, R.
Carlina,b, P. Checchiaa, M. Dall’Ossoa,b, P. De Castro Manzanoa, T. Dorigoa,
U. Dossellia, F. Gasparinia,b, U. Gasparinia,b, A. Gozzelinoa, S.Y. Hoh, S.
Lacapraraa, P. Lujan, M. Margonia,b, A.T. Meneguzzoa,b, J. Pazzinia,b, P.
Ronchesea,b, R. Rossina,b, F. Simonettoa,b, A. Tiko, E. Torassaa, M.
Zanettia,b, P. Zottoa,b, G. Zumerlea,b INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di
Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
A. Braghieria, A. Magnania, P. Montagnaa,b, S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, M.
Ressegottia,b, C. Riccardia,b, P. Salvinia, I. Vaia,b, P. Vituloa,b INFN
Sezione di Perugia a, Università di Perugia b, Perugia, Italy
M. Biasinia,b, G.M. Bileia, C. Cecchia,b, D. Ciangottinia,b, L. Fanòa,b, P.
Laricciaa,b, R. Leonardia,b, E. Manonia, G. Mantovania,b, V. Mariania,b, M.
Menichellia, A. Rossia,b, A. Santocchiaa,b, D. Spigaa INFN Sezione di Pisa a,
Università di Pisa b, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa c, Pisa, Italy
K. Androsova, P. Azzurria, G. Bagliesia, L. Bianchinia, T. Boccalia, L.
Borrello, R. Castaldia, M.A. Cioccia,b, R. Dell’Orsoa, G. Fedia, F. Fioria,c,
L. Gianninia,c, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa, F. Ligabuea,c, E. Mancaa,c, G.
Mandorlia,c, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa, A. Rizzia,b, P. Spagnoloa, R.
Tenchinia, G. Tonellia,b, A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia INFN Sezione di Roma a,
Sapienza Università di Roma b, Rome, Italy
L. Baronea,b, F. Cavallaria, M. Cipriania,b, D. Del Rea,b, E. Di Marcoa,b, M.
Diemoza, S. Gellia,b, E. Longoa,b, B. Marzocchia,b, P. Meridiania, G.
Organtinia,b, F. Pandolfia, R. Paramattia,b, F. Preiatoa,b, S. Rahatloua,b, C.
Rovellia, F. Santanastasioa,b INFN Sezione di Torino a, Università di Torino
b, Torino, Italy, Università del Piemonte Orientale c, Novara, Italy
N. Amapanea,b, R. Arcidiaconoa,c, S. Argiroa,b, M. Arneodoa,c, N. Bartosika,
R. Bellana,b, C. Biinoa, N. Cartigliaa, F. Cennaa,b, S. Comettia, M. Costaa,b,
R. Covarellia,b, N. Demariaa, B. Kiania,b, C. Mariottia, S. Masellia, E.
Migliorea,b, V. Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M. Montenoa, M.M. Obertinoa,b, L.
Pachera,b, N. Pastronea, M. Pelliccionia, G.L. Pinna Angionia,b, A. Romeroa,b,
M. Ruspaa,c, R. Sacchia,b, K. Shchelinaa,b, V. Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, D.
Soldia,b, A. Staianoa INFN Sezione di Trieste a, Università di Trieste b,
Trieste, Italy
S. Belfortea, V. Candelisea,b, M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia, A. Da Rolda,b, G.
Della Riccaa,b, F. Vazzolera,b, A. Zanettia Kyungpook National University,
Daegu, Korea
D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, M.S. Kim, J. Lee, S. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon, Y.D. Oh,
S.I. Pak, S. Sekmen, D.C. Son, Y.C. Yang Chonnam National University,
Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon, G. Oh Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
J. Goh31, T.J. Kim Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, D. Gyun, S. Ha, B. Hong, Y. Jo, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, S.
Lee, J. Lim, S.K. Park, Y. Roh Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H.S. Kim Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, H. Lee, K. Lee, K. Nam, S.B. Oh, B.C. Radburn-
Smith, S.h. Seo, U.K. Yang, H.D. Yoo, G.B. Yu University of Seoul, Seoul,
Korea
D. Jeon, H. Kim, J.H. Kim, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, J. Lee, I. Yu Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
V. Dudenas, A. Juodagalvis, J. Vaitkus National Centre for Particle Physics,
Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
I. Ahmed, Z.A. Ibrahim, M.A.B. Md Ali32, F. Mohamad Idris33, W.A.T. Wan
Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo,
Mexico
J.F. Benitez, A. Castaneda Hernandez, J.A. Murillo Quijada Centro de
Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, M.C. Duran-Osuna, I. Heredia-De La
Cruz34, R. Lopez-Fernandez, J. Mejia Guisao, R.I. Rabadan-Trejo, M. Ramirez-
Garcia, G. Ramirez-Sanchez, R Reyes-Almanza, A. Sanchez-Hernandez Universidad
Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, F. Vazquez Valencia Benemerita
Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M. Ahmad, M.I. Asghar, Q. Hassan, H.R. Hoorani, A. Saddique, M.A.
Shah, M. Shoaib, M. Waqas National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Frueboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, M.
Szleper, P. Traczyk, P. Zalewski Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of
Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, A. Byszuk35, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J.
Krolikowski, M. Misiura, M. Olszewski, A. Pyskir, M. Walczak Laboratório de
Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
M. Araujo, P. Bargassa, C. Beirão Da Cruz E Silva, A. Di Francesco, P.
Faccioli, B. Galinhas, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo, M.V. Nemallapudi,
J. Seixas, G. Strong, O. Toldaiev, D. Vadruccio, J. Varela Joint Institute for
Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
S. Afanasiev, P. Bunin, M. Gavrilenko, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Kamenev,
V. Karjavine, A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev36,37, P. Moisenz, V. Palichik,
V. Perelygin, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, N. Skatchkov, V. Smirnov, N. Voytishin,
A. Zarubin Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg),
Russia
V. Golovtsov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim38, E. Kuznetsova39, P. Levchenko, V. Murzin,
V. Oreshkin, I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, S. Vavilov, A.
Vorobyev Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov,
N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov, D. Tlisov, A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical
and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Popov, I. Pozdnyakov, G.
Safronov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, V. Stolin, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A.
Zhokin Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
R. Chistov40, M. Danilov40, P. Parygin, D. Philippov, S. Polikarpov40, E.
Tarkovskii P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, I. Dremin37, M. Kirakosyan, S.V. Rusakov, A. Terkulov
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University,
Moscow, Russia
A. Baskakov, A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Demiyanov, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, O.
Kodolova, V. Korotkikh, I. Lokhtin, I. Miagkov, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko,
V. Savrin, A. Snigirev, I. Vardanyan Novosibirsk State University (NSU),
Novosibirsk, Russia
A. Barnyakov41, V. Blinov41, T. Dimova41, L. Kardapoltsev41, Y. Skovpen41
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ’Kurchatov
Institute’, Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, S. Bitioukov, D. Elumakhov, A. Godizov, V. Kachanov,
A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, P. Mandrik, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, S.
Slabospitskii, A. Sobol, S. Troshin, N. Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov National
Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev, S. Baidali, V. Okhotnikov University of Belgrade, Faculty of
Physics and Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
P. Adzic42, P. Cirkovic, D. Devetak, M. Dordevic, J. Milosevic Centro de
Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid,
Spain
J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. Álvarez Fernández, I. Bachiller, M. Barrio Luna, J.A.
Brochero Cifuentes, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris, C.
Fernandez Bedoya, J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, O. Gonzalez Lopez,
S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa, D. Moran, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo,
J. Puerta Pelayo, I. Redondo, L. Romero, M.S. Soares, A. Triossi Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Trocóniz Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras, I. Gonzalez
Caballero, J.R. González Fernández, E. Palencia Cortezon, V. Rodríguez Bouza,
S. Sanchez Cruz, P. Vischia, J.M. Vizan Garcia Instituto de Física de
Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M.
Fernandez, P.J. Fernández Manteca, A. García Alonso, J. Garcia-Ferrero, G.
Gomez, A. Lopez Virto, J. Marco, C. Martinez Rivero, P. Martinez Ruiz del
Arbol, F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno,
L. Scodellaro, N. Trevisani, I. Vila, R. Vilar Cortabitarte University of
Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri Lanka
N. Wickramage CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, G. Auzinger, P. Baillon, A.H. Ball, D.
Barney, J. Bendavid, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, C. Botta, E. Brondolin, T.
Camporesi, M. Cepeda, G. Cerminara, E. Chapon, Y. Chen, G. Cucciati, D.
d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski, N. Daci, V. Daponte, A. David, A. De Roeck, N.
Deelen, M. Dobson, M. Dünser, N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert, P. Everaerts, F.
Fallavollita43, D. Fasanella, G. Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, D. Gigi, A.
Gilbert, K. Gill, F. Glege, M. Guilbaud, D. Gulhan, J. Hegeman, C. Heidegger,
V. Innocente, A. Jafari, P. Janot, O. Karacheban20, J. Kieseler, A. Kornmayer,
M. Krammer1, C. Lange, P. Lecoq, C. Lourenço, L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli, F.
Meijers, J.A. Merlin, S. Mersi, E. Meschi, P. Milenovic44, F. Moortgat, M.
Mulders, J. Ngadiuba, S. Nourbakhsh, S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo17,
L. Pape, E. Perez, M. Peruzzi, A. Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M.
Pierini, F.M. Pitters, D. Rabady, A. Racz, T. Reis, G. Rolandi45, M. Rovere,
H. Sakulin, C. Schäfer, C. Schwick, M. Seidel, M. Selvaggi, A. Sharma, P.
Silva, P. Sphicas46, A. Stakia, J. Steggemann, M. Tosi, D. Treille, A. Tsirou,
V. Veckalns47, M. Verzetti, W.D. Zeuner Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen,
Switzerland
L. Caminada48, K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C.
Kaestli, D. Kotlinski, U. Langenegger, T. Rohe, S.A. Wiederkehr ETH Zurich -
Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, L. Bäni, P. Berger, N. Chernyavskaya, G. Dissertori, M. Dittmar,
M. Donegà, C. Dorfer, T.A. Gómez Espinosa, C. Grab, D. Hits, T. Klijnsma, W.
Lustermann, R.A. Manzoni, M. Marionneau, M.T. Meinhard, F. Micheli, P.
Musella, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, J. Pata, F. Pauss, G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi, S.
Pigazzini, M. Quittnat, C. Reissel, D. Ruini, D.A. Sanz Becerra, M.
Schönenberger, L. Shchutska, V.R. Tavolaro, K. Theofilatos, M.L. Vesterbacka
Olsson, R. Wallny, D.H. Zhu Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, C. Amsler49, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, A. De Cosa, R. Del
Burgo, S. Donato, C. Galloni, T. Hreus, B. Kilminster, S. Leontsinis, I.
Neutelings, G. Rauco, P. Robmann, D. Salerno, K. Schweiger, C. Seitz, Y.
Takahashi, A. Zucchetta National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
Y.H. Chang, K.y. Cheng, T.H. Doan, R. Khurana, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A.
Pozdnyakov, S.S. Yu National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Arun Kumar, Y.F. Liu,
R.-S. Lu, E. Paganis, A. Psallidas, A. Steen Chulalongkorn University, Faculty
of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, N. Srimanobhas, N. Suwonjandee Çukurova University, Physics
Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
M.N. Bakirci50, A. Bat, F. Boran, S. Cerci51, S. Damarseckin, Z.S. Demiroglu,
F. Dolek, C. Dozen, I. Dumanoglu, E. Eskut, S. Girgis, G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler,
E. Gurpinar, I. Hos52, C. Isik, E.E. Kangal53, O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu, U.
Kiminsu, M. Oglakci, G. Onengut, K. Ozdemir54, A. Polatoz, U.G. Tok, S.
Turkcapar, I.S. Zorbakir, C. Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University,
Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak55, G. Karapinar56, M. Yalvac, M. Zeyrek Bogazici University,
Istanbul, Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. Gülmez, M. Kaya57, O. Kaya58, S. Ozkorucuklu59, S. Tekten,
E.A. Yetkin60 Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
M.N. Agaras, A. Cakir, K. Cankocak, Y. Komurcu, S. Sen61 Institute for
Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov,
Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and
Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
F. Ball, L. Beck, J.J. Brooke, D. Burns, E. Clement, D. Cussans, O. Davignon,
H. Flacher, J. Goldstein, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko, D.M. Newbold62,
S. Paramesvaran, B. Penning, T. Sakuma, D. Smith, V.J. Smith, J. Taylor, A.
Titterton Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
A. Belyaev63, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D. Cieri, D.J.A. Cockerill, J.A. Coughlan,
K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, C.H. Shepherd-
Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin, T. Williams, W.J. Womersley Imperial
College, London, United Kingdom
R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A. Bundock, D.
Colling, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della Negra, R. Di Maria, Y. Haddad, G.
Hall, G. Iles, T. James, M. Komm, C. Laner, L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Malik,
A. Martelli, J. Nash64, A. Nikitenko7, V. Palladino, M. Pesaresi, D.M.
Raymond, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A. Shtipliyski, G. Singh, M.
Stoye, T. Strebler, S. Summers, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, T. Virdee17, N. Wardle,
D. Winterbottom, J. Wright, S.C. Zenz Brunel University, Uxbridge, United
Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, A. Morton, I.D. Reid,
L. Teodorescu, S. Zahid Baylor University, Waco, USA
K. Call, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, H. Liu, C. Madrid, B. Mcmaster, N.
Pastika, C. Smith Catholic University of America, Washington DC, USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, S.I. Cooper, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West Boston University,
Boston, USA
D. Arcaro, T. Bose, D. Gastler, D. Pinna, D. Rankin, C. Richardson, J. Rohlf,
L. Sulak, D. Zou Brown University, Providence, USA
G. Benelli, X. Coubez, D. Cutts, M. Hadley, J. Hakala, U. Heintz, J.M.
Hogan65, K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, J. Lee, Z. Mao, M. Narain, S.
Sagir66, R. Syarif, E. Usai, D. Yu University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, D. Burns, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez,
M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk,
W. Ko, O. Kukral, R. Lander, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett, J. Pilot, S. Shalhout,
M. Shi, D. Stolp, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Z. Wang, F. Zhang University
of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, C. Bravo, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, A. Florent, J. Hauser, M.
Ignatenko, N. Mccoll, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, V. Valuev
University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
E. Bouvier, K. Burt, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G.
Karapostoli, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix, O.R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I.
Paneva, W. Si, L. Wang, H. Wei, S. Wimpenny, B.R. Yates University of
California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, P. Chang, S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B.
Hashemi, A. Holzner, D. Klein, G. Kole, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M.
Masciovecchio, D. Olivito, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, S. Simon,
M. Tadel, A. Vartak, S. Wasserbaech67, J. Wood, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, G.
Zevi Della Porta University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of
Physics, Santa Barbara, USA
N. Amin, R. Bhandari, J. Bradmiller-Feld, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dishaw,
V. Dutta, M. Franco Sevilla, L. Gouskos, R. Heller, J. Incandela, A.
Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, D. Stuart, I. Suarez, S. Wang, J. Yoo California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, J.M. Lawhorn, H.B. Newman, T.Q. Nguyen, M.
Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R.Y. Zhu Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I. Vorobiev, M.
Weinberg University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, F. Jensen, A. Johnson, M. Krohn, E. MacDonald, T.
Mulholland, R. Patel, A. Perloff, K. Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner Cornell
University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, J. Chaves, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, K. Mcdermott, N. Mirman,
J.R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, L. Skinnari, L. Soffi, S.M.
Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker, P. Wittich, M. Zientek Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S.
Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, K. Burkett,
J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B. Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi,
J. Duarte, V.D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D.
Green, S. Grünendahl, O. Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, J.
Hirschauer, Z. Hu, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B.
Klima, M.J. Kortelainen, B. Kreis, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu,
T. Liu, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, J.M. Marraffino, D. Mason, P. McBride, P.
Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, K. Pedro, C. Pena, O. Prokofyev, G.
Rakness, L. Ristori, A. Savoy-Navarro68, B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, A.
Soha, W.J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, N. Strobbe, L. Taylor,
S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, C. Vernieri, M.
Verzocchi, R. Vidal, M. Wang, H.A. Weber, A. Whitbeck University of Florida,
Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, P. Bortignon, D. Bourilkov, A. Brinkerhoff, L. Cadamuro,
A. Carnes, M. Carver, D. Curry, R.D. Field, S.V. Gleyzer, B.M. Joshi, J.
Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K.H. Lo, P. Ma, K. Matchev, H. Mei, G. Mitselmakher,
D. Rosenzweig, K. Shi, D. Sperka, J. Wang, S. Wang, X. Zuo Florida
International University, Miami, USA
Y.R. Joshi, S. Linn Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F. Johnson, T.
Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, C. Schiber, R. Yohay
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, M.
Rahmani, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago,
USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R.R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S.
Dittmer, O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, K. Jung, J.
Kamin, C. Mills, I.D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M.B. Tonjes, H. Trauger, N. Varelas,
H. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wu, J. Zhang The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
M. Alhusseini, B. Bilki69, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz70, S. Durgut, R.P.
Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili, A.
Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul71, Y. Onel, F. Ozok72, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E.
Tiras, J. Wetzel Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A.V. Gritsan,
W.T. Hung, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You The
University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, J. Bowen, A. Bylinkin, J.
Castle, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C.
Rogan, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang Kansas State
University, Manhattan, USA
S. Duric, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, D. Kim, Y. Maravin, D.R. Mendis, T. Mitchell,
A. Modak, A. Mohammadi, L.K. Saini, N. Skhirtladze Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright University of Maryland, College Park, USA
A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N.J. Hadley,
S. Jabeen, G.Y. Jeng, R.G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, F.
Ricci-Tam, Y.H. Shin, A. Skuja, S.C. Tonwar, K. Wong Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, A. Baty, G. Bauer, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W.
Busza, I.A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov,
P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G.M. Innocenti, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi,
Y.-J. Lee, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S.
Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland, G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok,
K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, J. Wang, T.W. Wang, B. Wyslouch, S. Zhaozhong
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
A.C. Benvenuti${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P.
Hansen, Sh. Jain, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, N. Ruckstuhl, R.
Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M.A. Wadud University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez,
R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J.E. Siado, G.R. Snow, B. Stieger
State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava, C. Mclean, D. Nguyen,
A. Parker, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani Northeastern University, Boston, USA
G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, D.M. Morse, T. Orimoto,
R. Teixeira De Lima, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood Northwestern
University, Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, O. Charaf, K.A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M.H. Schmitt, K.
Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D.J. Karmgard, N.
Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y.
Musienko36, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S.
Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard The Ohio State University,
Columbus, USA
J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L.S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A.
Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, T.Y. Ling, W. Luo, B.L. Winer Princeton University,
Princeton, USA
S. Cooperstein, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, S. Higginbotham, A. Kalogeropoulos,
D. Lange, M.T. Lucchini, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C.
Palmer, P. Piroué, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, D. Stickland, C. Tully University of
Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
A. Barker, V.E. Barnes, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, A. Khatiwada,
B. Mahakud, D.H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C.C. Peng, S. Piperov, H. Qiu, J.F.
Schulte, J. Sun, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University Northwest,
Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar Rice University, Houston, USA
Z. Chen, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M. Kilpatrick, W. Li, B.P.
Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A. Zhang
University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y.t. Duh, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T.
Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A.
Khukhunaishvili, P. Tan, R. Taus Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,
Piscataway, USA
A. Agapitos, J.P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S.
Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash,
M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D. Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R.
Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker University of Tennessee, Knoxville,
USA
A.G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, S. Spanier Texas A&M University, College
Station, USA
O. Bouhali73, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia, A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R.
Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon74, S. Luo, R. Mueller, D. Overton, L.
Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P.R. Dudero, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane,
S.W. Lee, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, Z.
Wang Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K.
Padeken, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. Verweij, Q.
Xu University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C.
Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia Wayne State University,
Detroit, USA
R. Harr, P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski University
of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, B.
Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A. Lanaro,
K. Long, R. Loveless, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, V. Sharma, N. Smith, W.H. Smith,
N. Woods †: Deceased
1: Also at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
2: Also at IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
3: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
4: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
5: Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
6: Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
7: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia
8: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
9: Now at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
10: Also at Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
11: Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
12: Also at Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia
13: Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
14: Also at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
15: Also at Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
16: Also at Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
17: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
18: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
19: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
20: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
21: Also at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
22: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
23: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
24: Also at Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
25: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
26: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India
27: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
28: Also at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
29: Also at Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
30: Also at Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
31: Also at Kyunghee University, Seoul, Korea
32: Also at International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
33: Also at Malaysian Nuclear Agency, MOSTI, Kajang, Malaysia
34: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico city, Mexico
35: Also at Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems,
Warsaw, Poland
36: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
37: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
38: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg,
Russia
39: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
40: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
41: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
42: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
43: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
44: Also at University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physics and Vinca Institute of
Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
45: Also at Scuola Normale e Sezione dell’INFN, Pisa, Italy
46: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
47: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
48: Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
49: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics (SMI), Vienna,
Austria
50: Also at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
51: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
52: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
53: Also at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
54: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
55: Also at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
56: Also at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
57: Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
58: Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
59: Also at Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Istanbul, Turkey
60: Also at Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
61: Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
62: Also at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
63: Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
64: Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
65: Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, USA
66: Also at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
67: Also at Utah Valley University, Orem, USA
68: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
69: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey
70: Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
71: Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
72: Also at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
73: Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
74: Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea