HIN-19-011

HIN-19-011

# Observation of mesons and measurement of the / yield ratio in
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$

The CMS Collaboration

###### Abstract

The and production yields are measured in PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass
energy per nucleon pair of 5.02. The data sample, collected with the CMS
detector at the LHC, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7. The
mesons are reconstructed in the exclusive decay channels
$\PBzs\to\PJGy(\Pgmp\Pgmm)\,\phi(\PKp\PKm)$ and
$\PBp\to\PJGy(\Pgmp\Pgmm)\,\PKp$, in the transverse momentum range 7–50and
absolute rapidity 0–2.4. The meson is observed with a statistical significance
in excess of five standard deviations for the first time in nucleus-nucleus
collisions. The measurements are performed as functions of the transverse
momentum of the B mesons and of the PbPb collision centrality. The ratio of
production yields of and is measured and compared to theoretical models that
include quark recombination effects.

##  0.1 Introduction

Relativistic heavy ion collisions allow the study of quantum chromodynamics
(QCD) at high energy densities and temperatures. Under such conditions, a
state in which quarks and gluons are the relevant degrees of freedom, the
quark-gluon plasma (QGP) [1, 2], is formed [3] as predicted by lattice QCD
calculations [4]. Multiple probes are necessary for characterizing the
properties of the QGP medium. Among these, heavy quarks, which are abundantly
produced at the CERN LHC, have the potential of providing novel insights into
QCD calculations, serving as probes of the QGP [5, 6]. As they traverse the
QGP, these hard-scattered partons lose energy by means of elastic collisions
and medium-induced gluon radiation [7, 8, 9, 10]. The study of parton energy
loss can provide insights into the energy density and diffusion properties of
the QGP. The full reconstruction of beauty and charm gives access to their
four-momenta and allows the study of the flavor and mass dependences of such
processes. Although heavy flavor data became available at BNL RHIC and at the
LHC [5], there are still large theoretical uncertainties on the hadronization
of heavy quarks in the presence of the QGP [11]. To extract the transport
properties of the QGP using heavy quarks, an understanding of the
hadronization mechanism is necessary.

An enhancement in the strangeness content of the medium formed in heavy ion
collisions [12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18] is expected when the medium
temperature lies above the strange quark mass [19]. Through a quark-
recombination mechanism [20, 21, 22, 23], a corresponding yield enhancement of
hadrons containing strangeness is expected relative to corresponding hadrons
that do not contain strange quarks. Hints of the presence of such
recombination processes for heavy mesons containing strangeness were recently
reported for open-charm [24] and open-beauty [25] mesons in lead-lead
($\mathrm{PbPb}$) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ at the LHC.

The production of mesons employing fully reconstructed decays was studied at
the LHC in proton-proton () collisions at center-of-mass energies, $\sqrt{s}$,
of 7, 8 and 13 [26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40]
over wide transverse momentum () and rapidity ($y$) intervals, and in proton-
lead ($\Pp{}\mathrm{Pb}$) collisions at $\sqrtsNN$ of 5.02 and 8.16 [41, 42].
In $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions, the CMS Collaboration reported results at
$\sqrtsNN=5.02$for the [43] and [25] mesons. In this Letter, we extend these
results by employing the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data set collected at the end of
2018, a sample larger by about a factor of three as compared to the first
measurement with 2015 data, resulting in increased statistical precision and
significance.

The ($\PQu\PAQb$) and ($\PQs\PAQb$) mesons are reconstructed via the exclusive
decay channels $\PBzs\to\PJGy\,\PGfP{1020}$ and $\PBp\to\PJGy\,\PKp$, with
$\PJGy\to\PGmp\PGmm$ and $\PGfP{1020}\to\PKp\PKm$. Throughout this Letter,
unless otherwise specified, the $y$ and variables given are those of the
mesons, and charge-conjugate states are implied. The production yields of the
and mesons in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions at $\sqrtsNN=5.02$and their ratios
are reported, using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
1.7collected by the CMS experiment. The measurements are performed as
functions of the meson and of the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision centrality, where
the latter characterizes the degree of overlap of the two lead nuclei and is
related to the temperature of the created medium.

##  0.2 Experimental apparatus and data sample

The central feature of the CMS detector is a superconducting solenoid, which
provides a magnetic field of 3.8T. Within the solenoid volume are a silicon
tracker that measures charged particles in the pseudorapidity range
$\abs{\eta}<2.5$, a lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter, and a
brass and scintillator hadron calorimeter. For charged particles of
$1<\pt<10\GeVc$ and $\abs{\eta}<1.4$, the track resolutions are typically 1.5%
in and 25–90 (45–150)in the transverse (longitudinal) impact parameter [44].
Muons are measured in the range $\abs{\eta}<2.4$, with detection planes made
using three technologies: drift tubes, cathode strip chambers, and resistive-
plate chambers. The muon reconstruction algorithm starts by finding tracks in
the muon detectors, which are then fitted together with tracks reconstructed
in the silicon tracker to form _global muons_. Matching muons to tracks
measured in the silicon tracker results in a relative resolution for muons
with $20<\pt<100\GeVc$ of 1.3–2.0% in the barrel and better than 6% in the
endcaps. The hadron forward (HF) calorimeter uses steel as an absorber and
quartz fibers as the sensitive material. The two halves of the HF are located
11.2m away from the interaction point, one on each end, providing together
coverage in the range $3.0<\abs{\eta}<5.2$. In this analysis, the HF
information is used to select $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision events and to define
their centrality class. Centrality, defined as the fraction of the total
inelastic hadronic cross section with 0% representing collisions with the
largest overlap of the two nuclei, is determined experimentally using the
total energy in both HF calorimeters [45]. Events are filtered using a two-
tiered trigger system [46]. The first level (L1), composed of custom hardware
processors, uses information from the calorimeters and muon detectors to
select events within a fixed time interval of less than 4. The second level,
known as the high-level trigger (HLT), consists of a farm of processors
running a version of the full event reconstruction software optimized for fast
processing. A detailed description of the CMS experiment and coordinate system
can be found in Ref. [47].

Several samples of Monte Carlo (MC) simulated events are used to evaluate
background components, signal efficiencies and detector acceptance
corrections. The simulations include signal samples containing only the meson
decay channels being measured, and background samples of other hadron decays
also involving mesons in the final state. Simulated proton-proton collisions
are generated with 8 v212 [48] tune CUETP8M1 [49] and propagated through the
CMS detector model using the package [50]. The decay of the mesons is modeled
with 1.3.0 [51], and final-state photon radiation is simulated with 2.0 [52].
Each 8 event is embedded into a simulated $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision event
generated with 1.8 [53], which is tuned to reproduce global event properties,
such as the charged hadron spectrum and particle multiplicity [54].

The $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision events were collected with an L1 hardware
trigger requiring the presence of two muon candidates, with no explicit
momentum threshold, in coincidence with lead bunches crossing at the
interaction point. At the HLT one of the muon candidates is reconstructed
using information both from the muon detectors and the inner tracker, while
only information from the muon detectors is required for the other muon
candidate. The two muon candidates were required to have an invariant mass
within $1<m_{\Pgm\Pgm}<5\GeVcc$. For the offline analysis, events have to pass
a set of selection criteria designed to reject events from background
processes (beam-gas collisions), as described in Ref. [54]. Events are
required to have at least one reconstructed primary interaction vertex, formed
by two or more tracks, with a distance from the center of the nominal
interaction region of less than 15along the beam axis. The shapes of the
clusters in the pixel detector must be compatible with those expected from
particles produced by a $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision [55]. In order to select
inelastic hadronic collisions, the $\mathrm{PbPb}$ events are also required to
have at least two towers in each of the HF detectors with energy deposits of
more than 4per tower. Only events with centrality 0–90% are selected.
Collision centrality bins are given in percentage ranges, with the 0–90% bin
corresponding to the 90% of the collisions having the largest overlap of the
two nuclei. The $\mathrm{PbPb}$ sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity
of approximately 1.7. This value is indicative only, as the $\mathrm{PbPb}$
yield is normalized by the total number of minimum bias events sampled,
$N_{\text{MB}}=11.8\times 10^{9}$.

##  0.3 Candidate selection and signal extraction

Muon candidates are selected within kinematic constraints that ensure that
their reconstruction efficiency stays above 10%. These limits are
$\pt^{\Pgm}>3.5\GeVc$ for $\abs{\eta^{\Pgm}}<1.2$, $\pt^{\Pgm}>1.5\GeVc$ for
$2.1<\abs{\eta^{\Pgm}}<2.4$, and
$\pt^{\Pgm}>(5.47-1.89\abs{\eta^{\Pgm}})\GeVc$ in the
$1.2<\abs{\eta^{\Pgm}}<2.1$ region. The muons are also required to match the
trigger-level muon candidates, and _soft muon_ selection criteria are applied
to _global muons_ (muons reconstructed using the combined information of the
tracker and muon detectors), as defined in Ref. [56]. Two muons of opposite
charge, with an invariant mass within $\pm$150of the world-average meson mass
[57], are selected to reconstruct a candidate, with a mass resolution of
typically 15–30, depending on the dimuon rapidity and . The muon pairs are
fitted with a common vertex constraint and are kept if the $p$-value of the
$\chi^{2}$ of the fit is greater than 1%, thus lowering the background from
charm and beauty hadron semileptonic decays. Similarly, the 1020meson
candidates are formed with a common vertex constraint between two oppositely
charged particle tracks with $\pt>300\MeVc$, both required to pass standard
selection criteria described in Ref. [54]. The invariant mass, assuming the
world-average charged kaon mass [57] for the two tracks, with a resolution of
$\sim$3.9, is required to be within 15of the world-average 1020meson mass
[57].

The () meson candidates are constructed by combining a candidate with a
1020(single track) candidate, and requiring that they originate from a common
vertex. In the kinematic vertex fit to the dimuon plus two-track (single-
track) system, the tracks are assigned the mass of the charged kaon, and the
invariant mass of the muon pair is constrained to the nominal meson mass [57].
The candidate selection is performed via multivariate discriminators, based on
a boosted decision tree (BDT) method [58]. The selection is optimized
separately for each meson, as well as each individual bin of . The
discriminating variables employed include: the $\chi^{2}$ probability of the
decay vertex (the probability for the muon tracks from the meson decay and the
other charged particle track(s) to originate from a common vertex), the decay
length (normalized by its uncertainty), the pointing angle (the angle between
the line segment connecting the primary and decay vertices and the momentum
vector of the meson), the cosine value of the angle between the meson
displacement and momentum in the transverse plane, the two-dimensional (2D)
distance between the primary and decay vertices of their daughter tracks
(normalized by their uncertainties), and the of the daughter charged particle
track(s). For the meson, two additional selection variables are used: the
distance along the $z$-direction between the primary vertex and the decay
vertex (normalized by its uncertainty), as well as the absolute difference
between the reconstructed 1020meson invariant mass and its nominal value.

The BDT training is performed employing simulated signal samples, and
background samples taken from data sidebands (candidates with the invariant
mass 0.15–0.35away from the meson nominal mass [57]). The signal samples are
scaled to the number of candidates predicted by fixed-order plus next-to-
leading order logarithmic (FONLL) perturbative QCD calculations [59, 60, 61]
for the integrated luminosity of the analyzed data sample. The background
rejection achieved with the BDT selection is larger than 97%.

Figure 1: Invariant mass distributions of (left) and (right) candidates, after
the BDT selection, for event centrality in the range 0–90%. The lower panels
show the pulls, obtained as the difference between the data points and the fit
result, divided by the uncertainty in data.

The raw meson signal yields are extracted using an extended unbinned maximum
likelihood fit to the invariant mass spectra. The signal shape is modeled by a
sum of two Gaussian functions, with parameters determined from MC simulation,
except for the common mean and the overall signal yield, which are free
parameters of the fit. The combinatorial background, from uncorrelated
combinations of candidates with extra particles, gives rise to a falling
contribution in the invariant mass spectrum that is modeled by an exponential
function. An additional background source can arise from possible
contamination from other hadron decays. For the spectrum, partially
reconstructed decays, such as $\PBz\to\PJGy\,\PKst^{0}\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp\Pgpm$,
lead to a heightened background in the invariant mass region below 5.2. The
decay $\PBp\to\PJGy\,\Pgpp$, where the pion is misidentified as a kaon,
results in a small peaking structure in the signal region. Such partially
reconstructed and misreconstructed hadron components are modeled from
simulation, via an error function and a Gaussian function, respectively; both
shapes and the normalization of the Gaussian function (relative to the signal)
are fixed in the fit to the data. For the meson case, such background
contributions are found to be negligible, as a consequence of the tight
selection on the mass of the 1020candidate. The results of the fits to the
invariant mass distributions are shown in Fig. 1.

The statistical significance of the meson signals is estimated from the ratio
of likelihoods obtained by fitting the data with the full model and the
background-only model. Using the standard asymptotic approximation for the
likelihood [62], the estimate obtained for the meson corresponds to
approximately 16 standard deviations. The estimate is obtained with the
nominal signal and background model described above, and verified with the
model variations presented in Section 0.5. This is the first observation of
the signal in heavy ion collisions.

##  0.4 Production yields

For each B meson, the production yield scaled by the overlap nuclear function,
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ [63], and the number of minimum bias events,
$N_{\text{MB}}$, is computed in each interval, according to

$\frac{1}{T_{\mathrm{AA}}}\frac{{\rd}N}{{\rd}\pt}=\frac{1}{2\,\mathcal{B}\,N_{\text{MB}}\,T_{\mathrm{AA}}}\frac{N_{\text{obs}}(\pt)}{\Delta\pt}\langle\frac{1}{\alpha(\pt,y)\,\epsilon(\pt,y)}\rangle,$
(1)

where $N_{\text{obs}}$ denotes the raw signal yield, extracted in each
interval of width $\Delta\pt$. The factor 1/2 accounts for the fact that the
raw yield is measured for particles and antiparticles added together while the
production yield is given for one species only, and $\mathcal{B}$ stands for
the branching fraction of the corresponding decay chain. The factor
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is equal to the number of nucleon-nucleon (NN) binary
collisions divided by the NN total inelastic cross section. The value of
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ can be interpreted as the NN-equivalent integrated
luminosity per heavy ion collision. The $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ values for
$\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$ $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions for the centrality intervals
0–30%, 30–90%, and 0–90% are, respectively, $(15.4\pm 0.3)\mbinv$, $(1.7\pm
0.1)\mbinv$, and $(6.3\pm 0.1)\mbinv$, as estimated from a MC Glauber model
[63], implemented in the tglaubermc v3.2 software package [64]. The
measurement is performed in a similar fashion as a function of the
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collision centrality. The centrality class is represented as
the average number of participating nucleons, $\langle
N_{\text{part}}\rangle$. This number, determined using the above Glauber
model, is highly correlated with the impact parameter of the collision.

The acceptance and the efficiency factors, the last term in Eq. (1), are
obtained employing 2D fine-grained maps of the acceptance $\alpha(\pt,y)$ and
the efficiency $\epsilon(\pt,y)$. These maps are determined, for each
centrality region, from MC-simulated samples of meson signal events, generated
within the analysis fiducial region given by: $\abs{y}<1.5$ and
$\pt>10\GeVc;1.5<\abs{y}<2.4$ and $7<\pt<50\GeVc$. The acceptance corresponds
to the fraction of generated events passing the muon and kaon selection
thresholds specified in Section 0.3, while the efficiency is determined as the
fraction of accepted events that pass the full analysis selection criteria,
including the trigger. The maps are used to determine the
$1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)$ value for each candidate in data, based on the
kinematics $(\pt,y)$ of the candidates, and the corresponding average $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ obtained for the candidates within a 160window
centered on the meson’s world-average mass. The efficiency maps derived from
simulation are corrected by data/MC scale factors for the muon reconstruction
and trigger efficiencies, obtained by applying the _tag-and-probe_ method
using the resonance [65].

Summary of systematic uncertainties in the $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yield
measurements for and mesons, in four $p_{T}$ ranges. The measurements are
performed in the meson kinematic region $\abs{y}<2.4$ and centrality range
0–90%. The relative uncertainty values are shown in percentage.  B meson
$p_{T}$ (GeV/c) 7–10 10–15 15–20 20–50 7–10 10–15 15–20 20–50 Muon efficiency
$+$7.2 $+$4.3 $+$3.8 $+$3.9 $+$8.9 $+$6.0 $+$3.7 $+$3.9 $-$6.3 $-$3.9 $-$3.5
$-$3.6 $-$7.5 $-$5.2 $-$3.5 $-$3.6 Data/MC agreement 4.2 15 3.0 1.7 35 5.6 4.7
10 MC sample size 9.1 3.2 1.9 1.4 27 6.3 3.1 3.2 Fit modeling 4.5 2.7 2.8 2.6
1.2 3.8 1.8 6.4 Tracking efficiency 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10 10 10 10
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ 2.2 2.2 $N_{\text{MB}}$ 1.3 1.3 Branching fraction 2.9 7.5
Total $+$15 $+$17 $+$8.7 $+$ 8.2 $+$47 $+$17 $+$15 $+$18 $-$14 $-$17 $-$8.5
$-$8.0 $-$47 $-$17 $-$14 $-$18

Summary of systematic uncertainties in the $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yield
measurements for and mesons, in three centrality ranges. The measurements are
performed in the meson kinematic region given by $10<\pt<50\GeVc$ and
$\abs{y}<2.4$. The relative uncertainty values are shown in percentage.
Centrality class 0–30% 30–90% 0–90% 0–30% 30–90% 0–90% Muon efficiency $+$4.2
$+$4.1 $+$4.2 $+$5.5 $+$4.6 $+$5.3 $-$3.8 $-$3.8 $-$3.8 $-$4.9 $-$4.2 $-$4.7
Data/MC agreement 13 8.0 12 3.1 3.7 3.2 MC sample size 3.2 2.2 2.4 6.6 2.3 4.4
Fit modeling 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.5 3.2 2.3 Tracking efficiency 5.0 5.0 5.0 10 10 10
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ 2.0 3.6 2.2 2.0 3.6 2.2 $N_{\text{MB}}$ 1.3 1.3 Branching
fraction 2.9 7.5 Total $+$16 $+$12 $+$15 $+$16 $+$15 $+$15 $-$15 $-$12 $-$15
$-$16 $-$15 $-$15

##  0.5 Systematic uncertainties

The $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yield measurements are affected by several
sources of systematic uncertainties arising from the signal extraction,
acceptance and efficiency, $\mathcal{B}$, $N_{\text{MB}}$, and
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ determinations.

The uncertainty from the signal and background modeling is evaluated by
considering the following fit variations: (i) using low-order polynomials for
describing the combinatorial background, (ii) using a sum of three Gaussian
functions with a common mean for alternatively describing the signal, (iii)
varying the widths of the signal double-Gaussian function by 10% (to account
for possible mismatches in the mass resolution between simulation and data),
and (iv) fixing the double-Gaussian mean to its MC simulation value. The
maximum of the signal variations and the maximum of the background variations
are added in quadrature as the systematic uncertainty from fit modeling.

The systematic uncertainties associated with the limited size of the MC
simulation samples are obtained by recomputing the 2D fine-grained
$\alpha(\pt,y)\,\epsilon(\pt,y)$ maps and the corresponding $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ averages over the data sample. The statistical
uncertainties from the MC-derived product of acceptance and efficiency are
propagated by generating 10000 2D maps (per bin in the differential
measurement), where each entry is obtained by randomly sampling the
$\alpha\,\epsilon$ values from Gaussian distributions with widths given by the
statistical uncertainty. The resulting systematic uncertainties are obtained
as the width of the $\langle 1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ distribution from
the alternative 2D maps.

The efficiency and acceptance determinations, based on MC simulation, are
further affected by potential disagreements between data and MC. The signal MC
simulation is validated against data by inspecting the distributions of the
variables employed in the selection. The signal distributions are extracted
from the data employing the sPlot method [66], using the mass of the meson
candidates as discriminating variable, and are also cross-checked with a
simple sideband-subtraction method. In particular, the sPlot-derived signal
distributions for the BDT score are retrieved from the data, and the
corresponding data/MC ratios formed. These ratios are in turn used to re-
weight the MC simulation, and the resulting deviation in the $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ factors are assigned as systematic uncertainties.
This procedure is employed using the higher-yield channel, namely the . For
the meson, the limited size of the data sample yields results that are
compatible between data and simulation, within the statistical uncertainties.
As such, the channel is used as calibration mode for the channel, and a
procedure identical to that described above is applied to the sample but using
only tracking related variables. The systematic uncertainty for the
corresponds to that evaluated for the and further taking the maximum of the
deviation determined from tracking related variables to account for the
presence of an extra track in the channel.

Figure 2: The acceptance- and efficiency-corrected yields for the and mesons,
scaled by $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and $N_{\text{MB}}$ in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions
at $\sqrtsNN=5.02\TeV$. The results are shown as a function of the meson
(left), and of the event centrality (right), where the rightmost panel
indicates the centrality-integrated result. The vertical bars (boxes)
correspond to statistical (systematic) uncertainties. The global systematic
uncertainty comprises the uncertainties in $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$, $N_{\text{MB}}$,
$\mathcal{B}$ (left) and $\mathcal{B}$ (right).

The uncertainty in the efficiency of the muon trigger, reconstruction, and
identification is evaluated using a tag-and-probe technique [65]. The derived
data versus MC scale factors are employed in the determination of the nominal
$\alpha\,\epsilon$ 2D maps, while the associated asymmetric uncertainties are
propagated as the systematic uncertainty in the $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ factors. The difference in the track
reconstruction efficiency in data and simulation is estimated by comparing
3-prong and 5-prong decays, $\PDst\to\PK\PGp\PGp(\PGp\PGp)$ [54]. This results
in 5 (10)% uncertainty in the efficiency determination for the () decay for
involving one (two) kaon(s).

The determination of the $\langle 1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ factors, for
each analysis bin, involves averaging over the data. In order to reflect this
statistical effect, the overall statistical uncertainty from the
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ data is calculated using a bootstrap method [67], where data
events are resampled 1000 times with replacement. The corrected yield is re-
determined for each bootstrap sample, and the spread of its distribution is
assigned as the statistical uncertainty.

Various consistency checks of the analysis procedure have been performed,
which do not result in additional systematic uncertainties. The consistency of
the fitting procedure was verified by generating and fitting pseudo-
experiments using the likelihood model and parameters employed for fitting the
data. The distributions of the pull (here defined as the difference between
the generated and fitted parameter values divided by the uncertainty returned
by the fit) show random behavior consistent with Gaussians of zero mean and
unit width, which indicate the absence of bias in the fitting procedure. A
consistency check was performed using MC simulation, where the signal yields
are extracted with the fitting procedure and the acceptance and efficiency
corrections applied, thus retrieving the generated yields. Potential biases in
the acceptance and efficiency calculations associated with the shape of the
mesons kinematic distributions from simulation were probed by re-weighting the
simulation according to varied shapes and recomputing the factors $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$. Such deviations were found to be negligible.
This confirmed independence from the MC simulation is expected in view of the
fine-grained 2D $\alpha\,\epsilon$ MC maps and the $\langle
1/(\alpha\,\epsilon)\rangle$ averaging based on data, and further attests the
robustness of the analysis procedure. The effect of background contamination
in the averaging procedure was studied employing the sPlot method and was
found to be negligible.

The systematic uncertainties in the Glauber model normalization factor
($T_{\mathrm{AA}}$) are derived from propagating the uncertainties in the
event selection efficiency, and in the nuclear radius, skin depth, and minimum
distance between nucleons in the Pb nucleus parameters of the Glauber model
[54]. The uncertainties associated with the branching fraction of the decay
chains $\mathcal{B}$ are obtained from Ref. [57]. The $\mathcal{B}$ factor is
common to all bins in the production yield measurements, as is the case also
of $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and $N_{\text{MB}}$ in the -differential results; the
corresponding uncertainties are denoted global uncertainties.

The total systematic uncertainties in the $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yield
measurement are computed as the sum in quadrature of the different
contributions mentioned above, which are summarized in Tables 0.4 and 0.4.

Figure 3: The ratio of and meson production yields, as a function of (left)
and a function of collision centrality (right). The vertical bars (boxes)
correspond to statistical (systematic) uncertainties. The global systematic
uncertainty on the yields ratio corresponds to the decay branching fractions
$\mathcal{B}$. Predictions from a Langevin hydrodynamic model [68] and (left
panel only) from the TAMU transport model [23] and the EVC quark combination
model [69] for (cyan, dashed) and $\mathrm{PbPb}$ (gray) collisions are
overlaid. The yield ratio measured by LHCb in collisions at 7 [70], scaled by
the branching fraction ratio [57], is also displayed (shown in blue, as
function of on the left panel, and the average value on the right panel, where
the double-line width denotes the uncertainty).

##  0.6 Results

The differential $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yields for and mesons in
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions, Eq. (1), as a function of the meson are presented
in Fig. 2 (left). On the horizontal scale, the abscissa of each data point is
set to the mean value of the distribution, after background subtraction via
sPlot, while the bin ranges are represented by the boxes. In Fig. 2 (right),
the $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$-scaled yields are presented for different
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ event centrality ranges.

The ratio of production yields of the and mesons is formed as

$R=\frac{N^{\PBzs}}{N^{\PBp}}=\frac{N_{\text{obs}}^{\PBzs}}{N_{\text{obs}}^{\PBp}}\frac{\mathcal{B}^{\PBp}}{\mathcal{B}^{\PBzs}}\frac{\langle
1/(\alpha^{\PBzs}\,\epsilon^{\PBzs})\rangle}{\langle
1/(\alpha^{\PBp}\,\epsilon^{\PBp})\rangle}.$ (2)

The terms $T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and $N_{\text{MB}}$, that are common to the two
meson samples, cancel in the ratio $R$. Correlated systematic uncertainties
associated with the efficiency determination are partially reduced. For the
tracking efficiency, a 5% uncertainty is assigned because of the different
number of hadron tracks in the two decays. Muon efficiency uncertainties from
the tag-and-probe method are determined by varying coherently the efficiency
factors in the numerator and denominator within the corresponding
uncertainties. For the determination of the uncertainties related to data/MC
comparisons, an identical procedure to that used for the production yield is
employed, but utilizing only tracking related variables, using the channel.
The dominant uncertainty arises from data/MC agreement and the limited MC
sample size. The $R$ ratio results are shown in Fig. 3 as functions of the
mesons’ (left) and event centrality (right).

The dependence of the ratio $R$ is compared to a transport model (TAMU) based
on a Langevin equation that includes collisional energy loss and heavy quark
diffusion in the medium [23] and an advanced Langevin hydrodynamic model with
both heavy quark elastic and inelastic energy loss [68]. Both predictions
account for recombination contributions to the meson yields, which are
expected to be more significant at low . Predictions form a quark combination
model with the equal-velocity combination (EVC) approximation [69] are also
shown for both $\mathrm{PbPb}$ and collisions. The ratio of the and yields in
collisions has been determined by LHCb [70], at different collision energies,
for mesons within $0.5<\pt<40\GeVc$ and $2<\eta<5$. While no rapidity
dependence of the ratio has been found, a decrease with and an increase with
collision energy have been reported [70, 71]. While the $\PBzs$ to $\PBp$
meson yield ratios obtained in charmonium decay channels cannot be directly
compared with those measured in $\Pep\Pem$ collisions at LEP [72], earlier
LHCb measurements [73, 32, 74] in $\Pp\Pp$ collisions in other hadronic decay
channels are compatible with the LEP results. The lack of sizable strangeness
enhancement in the $\PBzs$ meson hadronization in $\Pp\Pp$ collisions, evident
from the above agreement, makes $\Pp\Pp$ collisions a robust baseline for
comparison with our $\mathrm{PbPb}$ results. In Fig. 3, the results at 7by
LHCb [70] are scaled by the same ratio of branching fractions [57] as used in
Eq. (2). The results are compatible with both the model predictions for
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions and the reference results. However, no significant
dependence can be established with the precision allowed by the current data.
The results, while compatible, tend to lie systematically above the reference
data. While the central value of $R$ in the more central bin lies above that
of the more peripheral bin, the results are compatible within the combined
statistical and systematic uncertainty. These results are compatible with the
ratio of nuclear modification factors, $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$, reported earlier by
the CMS Collaboration [25], albeit with reduced statistical uncertainties.

##  0.7 Summary

The and mesons are studied with the CMS detector at the LHC via the
reconstruction of the exclusive hadronic decay channels
$\PBzs\to\PJGy\,\PGfP{1020}\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp\PKm$ and
$\PBp\to\PJGy\,\PKp\to\Pgmp\Pgmm\PKp$. The measurements are performed within
the mesons’ fiducial region given by transverse momentum $\pt>10\GeVc$ for
rapidity $\abs{y}<1.5$ and $7<\pt<50\GeVc$ for $1.5<\abs{y}<2.4$. The first
observation of the meson in nucleus-nucleus collisions, with a statistical
significance well surpassing five standard deviations, is attained. The
production yields of and mesons, scaled by the nuclear overlap function
$T_{\mathrm{AA}}$ and the number of minimum bias events $N_{\text{MB}}$, in
lead-lead ($\mathrm{PbPb}$) collisions at a center-of-mass energy of
$5.02\TeV$ per nucleon pair are presented as functions of the meson and, for
the first time, of the event centrality. These results extend, and are
compatible with, those previously reported by the CMS Collaboration [25, 43],
and are based on a three-fold larger $\mathrm{PbPb}$ data sample. The ratio of
production yields of the two mesons in $\mathrm{PbPb}$ collisions is
determined and it is found to be statistically compatible with the
corresponding ratio in proton-proton () collisions. The further investigation
of possible hints of an enhancement of the ratio in $\mathrm{PbPb}$, relative
to collisions, will benefit from more precise $\mathrm{PbPb}$ and reference
data taken at the same collision energy per nucleon. The larger
$\mathrm{PbPb}$ data sets that should be accumulated in upcoming high-
luminosity LHC heavy ion runs will provide greater precision and could help to
further characterize the mechanisms of beauty hadronization in heavy ion
collisions.

###### Acknowledgements.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the
excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative
staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the
success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the
computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid and other
centres for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential
to our analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the
construction and operation of the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting
computing infrastructure provided by the following funding agencies: BMBWF and
FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and
FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China);
MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT
(Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP
(Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI
(Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland);
INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania);
MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI
(Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC
(Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, ROSATOM, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI
(Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER (Spain); MoSTR (Sri
Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST,
STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC
(United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from
the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020
Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 884104,
and COST Action CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred
P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian
Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans
l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor
Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and
FWO (Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n.
30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No.
Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the
Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany’s
Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306, and under
project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Lendület (“Momentum”) Programme and
the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842,
123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the
Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of
Science; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the National Science
Center, contracts Opus 2014/15/B/ST2/03998 and 2015/19/B/ST2/02861 (Poland);
the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, grant CEECIND/01334/2018
(Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National
Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian
Federation, project no. 14.W03.31.0026 (Russia); the Programa Estatal de
Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de
Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de
Asturias; the Stavros Niarchos Foundation (Greece); the Rachadapisek Sompot
Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the
Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project
(Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro
Corporation; the Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens
Foundation (USA).

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##  .8 The CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A. Tumasyan Institut für Hochenergiephysik, Vienna, Austria
W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del
Valle, R. Frühwirth1, M. Jeitler1, N. Krammer, L. Lechner, D. Liko, T.
Madlener, I. Mikulec, F.M. Pitters, N. Rad, J. Schieck1, R. Schöfbeck, M.
Spanring, S. Templ, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz1, M. Zarucki Institute for
Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
V. Chekhovsky, A. Litomin, V. Makarenko, J. Suarez Gonzalez Universiteit
Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
M.R. Darwish2, E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, T. Kello3, A. Lelek, M.
Pieters, H. Rejeb Sfar, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, S. Van Putte, N.
Van Remortel Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
F. Blekman, E.S. Bols, S.S. Chhibra, J. D’Hondt, J. De Clercq, D. Lontkovskyi,
S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, A. Morton, Q. Python, S. Tavernier, W.
Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, B. Dorney, L. Favart, A.
Grebenyuk, A.K. Kalsi, I. Makarenko, L. Moureaux, L. Pétré, A. Popov, N.
Postiau, E. Starling, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, L.
Wezenbeek Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, M. Gruchala, I. Khvastunov4, M. Niedziela, C. Roskas,
K. Skovpen, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit Université Catholique
de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
G. Bruno, F. Bury, C. Caputo, P. David, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, I.S.
Donertas, A. Giammanco, V. Lemaitre, K. Mondal, J. Prisciandaro, A. Taliercio,
M. Teklishyn, P. Vischia, S. Wuyckens, J. Zobec Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas
Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
G.A. Alves, C. Hensel, A. Moraes Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil
W.L. Aldá Júnior, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, H. BRANDAO MALBOUISSON, W.
Carvalho, J. Chinellato5, E. Coelho, E.M. Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira6, D. De
Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, J. Martins7, D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Medina
Jaime8, M. Melo De Almeida, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, P. Rebello
Teles, L.J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, S.M. Silva Do Amaral, A. Sznajder, M.
Thiel, E.J. Tonelli Manganote5, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela
Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a, Universidade Federal do ABC b, São
Paulo, Brazil
C.A. Bernardesa,a, L. Calligarisa, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M.
Gregoresa,b, D.S. Lemosa, P.G. Mercadantea,b, S.F. Novaesa, Sandra S. Padulaa
Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of
Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, I. Atanasov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M.
Misheva, M. Rodozov, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia,
Bulgaria
M. Bonchev, A. Dimitrov, T. Ivanov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov
Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang3, Q. Guo, H. Wang, L. Yuan Department of Physics, Tsinghua University
M. Ahmad, Z. Hu, Y. Wang Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
E. Chapon, G.M. Chen9, H.S. Chen9, M. Chen, A. Kapoor, D. Leggat, H. Liao, Z.
Liu, R. Sharma, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, J. Thomas-wilsker, J. Wang, H. Zhang, S.
Zhang9, J. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking
University, Beijing, China
A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, C. Chen, Q. Huang, A. Levin, Q. Li, M. Lu, X. Lyu, Y.
Mao, S.J. Qian, D. Wang, Q. Wang, J. Xiao Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou,
China
Z. You Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and
Ion-beam Application (MOE) - Fudan University, Shanghai, China
X. Gao3 Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
M. Xiao Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, A. Sarkar, M.A. Segura Delgado
Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
J. Jaramillo, J. Mejia Guisao, F. Ramirez, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, C.A. Salazar
González, N. Vanegas Arbelaez University of Split, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Split, Croatia
D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac University of
Split, Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, D. Majumder, M. Roguljic, A. Starodumov10, T. Susa
University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, E. Erodotou, A. Ioannou, G. Kole, M. Kolosova, S.
Konstantinou, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P.A.
Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, D. Tsiakkouri Charles University, Prague,
Czech Republic
M. Finger11, M. Finger Jr.11, A. Kveton, J. Tomsa Escuela Politecnica
Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab
Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
S. Elgammal12, A. Ellithi Kamel13, A. Mohamed14 Center for High Energy Physics
(CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
M.A. Mahmoud, Y. Mohammed15 National Institute of Chemical Physics and
Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M.
Kadastik, M. Raidal, C. Veelken Department of Physics, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, L. Forthomme, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen
Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
E. Brücken, F. Garcia, J. Havukainen, V. Karimäki, M.S. Kim, R. Kinnunen, T.
Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, H. Siikonen, E.
Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta,
Finland
P. Luukka, T. Tuuva IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
C. Amendola, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F.
Ferri, S. Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry,
B. Lenzi, E. Locci, J. Malcles, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin, A. Savoy-
Navarro16, M. Titov, G.B. Yu Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole
Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
S. Ahuja, F. Beaudette, M. Bonanomi, A. Buchot Perraguin, P. Busson, C.
Charlot, O. Davignon, B. Diab, G. Falmagne, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A.
Hakimi, I. Kucher, A. Lobanov, C. Martin Perez, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, P.
Paganini, J. Rembser, R. Salerno, J.B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
J.-L. Agram17, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, G. Bourgatte, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, C.
Collard, J.-C. Fontaine17, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach, C. Grimault, A.-C. Le Bihan,
P. Van Hove Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I ), Villeurbanne,
France
E. Asilar, S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, C. Camen, A. Carle, N. Chanon,
D. Contardo, P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, B.
Ille, Sa. Jain, I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, A. Lesauvage, M. Lethuillier, L.
Mirabito, L. Torterotot, G. Touquet, M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret Georgian
Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
T. Toriashvili18, Z. Tsamalaidze11 RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches
Institut, Aachen, Germany
L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, M. Preuten, M.P. Rauch,
J. Schulz, M. Teroerde RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A,
Aachen, Germany
D. Eliseev, M. Erdmann, P. Fackeldey, B. Fischer, S. Ghosh, T. Hebbeker, K.
Hoepfner, H. Keller, L. Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, G.
Mocellin, S. Mondal, S. Mukherjee, D. Noll, A. Novak, T. Pook, A. Pozdnyakov,
T. Quast, M. Radziej, Y. Rath, H. Reithler, J. Roemer, A. Schmidt, S.C.
Schuler, A. Sharma, S. Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski RWTH Aachen University, III.
Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
C. Dziwok, G. Flügge, W. Haj Ahmad19, O. Hlushchenko, T. Kress, A. Nowack, C.
Pistone, O. Pooth, D. Roy, H. Sert, A. Stahl20, T. Ziemons Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
H. Aarup Petersen, M. Aldaya Martin, P. Asmuss, I. Babounikau, S. Baxter, O.
Behnke, A. Bermúdez Martínez, A.A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras21, V. Botta, D.
Brunner, A. Campbell, A. Cardini, P. Connor, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, V.
Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis, L. Didukh, D. Domínguez Damiani, G.
Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn, L.I. Estevez Banos, E. Gallo22, A. Geiser,
A. Giraldi, A. Grohsjean, M. Guthoff, A. Harb, A. Jafari23, N.Z. Jomhari, H.
Jung, A. Kasem21, M. Kasemann, H. Kaveh, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Krücker,
W. Lange, T. Lenz, J. Lidrych, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann24, R. Mankel, I.-A.
Melzer-Pellmann, J. Metwally, A.B. Meyer, M. Meyer, M. Missiroli, J. Mnich, A.
Mussgiller, V. Myronenko, Y. Otarid, D. Pérez Adán, S.K. Pflitsch, D. Pitzl,
A. Raspereza, A. Saggio, A. Saibel, M. Savitskyi, V. Scheurer, P. Schütze, C.
Schwanenberger, A. Singh, R.E. Sosa Ricardo, N. Tonon, O. Turkot, A.
Vagnerini, M. Van De Klundert, R. Walsh, D. Walter, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C.
Wissing, S. Wuchterl, O. Zenaiev, R. Zlebcik University of Hamburg, Hamburg,
Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, K. De Leo, T. Dreyer, A.
Ebrahimi, M. Eich, F. Feindt, A. Fröhlich, C. Garbers, E. Garutti, P.
Gunnellini, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina, G. Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R.
Kogler, V. Kutzner, J. Lange, T. Lange, A. Malara, C.E.N. Niemeyer, A.
Nigamova, K.J. Pena Rodriguez, O. Rieger, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J.
Schwandt, D. Schwarz, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, B. Vormwald, I.
Zoi Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
M. Baselga, S. Baur, J. Bechtel, T. Berger, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek,
W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, A. Droll, K. El Morabit, N. Faltermann, K. Flöh, M.
Giffels, A. Gottmann, F. Hartmann20, C. Heidecker, U. Husemann, M.A. Iqbal, I.
Katkov25, P. Keicher, R. Koppenhöfer, S. Maier, M. Metzler, S. Mitra, D.
Müller, Th. Müller, M. Musich, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, J. Rauser, D. Savoiu, D.
Schäfer, M. Schnepf, M. Schröder, D. Seith, I. Shvetsov, H.J. Simonis, R.
Ulrich, M. Wassmer, M. Weber, R. Wolf, S. Wozniewski Institute of Nuclear and
Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
G. Anagnostou, P. Asenov, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas,
G. Paspalaki, A. Stakia National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
M. Diamantopoulou, D. Karasavvas, G. Karathanasis, P. Kontaxakis, C.K. Koraka,
A. Manousakis-katsikakis, A. Panagiotou, I. Papavergou, N. Saoulidou, K.
Theofilatos, K. Vellidis, E. Vourliotis National Technical University of
Athens, Athens, Greece
G. Bakas, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou
University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, S. Mallios, K.
Manitara, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS
Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös Loránd University
M. Bartók26, R. Chudasama, M. Csanad, M.M.A. Gadallah27, S. Lökös28, P. Major,
K. Mandal, A. Mehta, G. Pasztor, O. Surányi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research Centre
for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath29, F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, G.
Vesztergombi${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$ Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI,
Debrecen, Hungary
S. Czellar, J. Karancsi26, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi, D. Teyssier Institute of
Physics, University of Debrecen
P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari Karoly Robert Campus, MATE Institute of
Technology
T. Csorgo, F. Nemes, T. Novak Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore,
India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri, D. Kumar, L. Panwar, P.C. Tiwari National
Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati30, D. Dash, C. Kar, P. Mal, T. Mishra, V.K. Muraleedharan Nair
Bindhu, A. Nayak31, D.K. Sahoo30, N. Sur, S.K. Swain Panjab University,
Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra32, R. Gupta, A.
Kaur, S. Kaur, P. Kumari, M. Lohan, M. Meena, K. Sandeep, S. Sharma, J.B.
Singh, A.K. Virdi University of Delhi, Delhi, India
A. Ahmed, A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, A.
Kumar, M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, A. Shah Saha Institute of Nuclear
Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
M. Bharti33, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, D. Bhowmik, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh,
B. Gomber34, M. Maity35, S. Nandan, P. Palit, A. Purohit, P.K. Rout, G. Saha,
S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh33, S. Thakur33 Indian Institute of Technology
Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera, S.C. Behera, P. Kalbhor, A. Muhammad, R. Pradhan, P.R. Pujahari,
A. Sharma, A.K. Sikdar Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
D. Dutta, V. Kumar, K. Naskar36, P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P. Shukla Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, R. Kumar Verma, G.B. Mohanty, U. Sarkar Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, M. Guchait, S. Karmakar, S.
Kumar, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, S. Mukherjee, D. Roy, N. Sahoo Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
S. Dube, B. Kansal, K. Kothekar, S. Pandey, A. Rane, A. Rastogi, S. Sharma
Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
H. Bakhshiansohi37 Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM),
Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani38, S.M. Etesami, M. Khakzad, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi University
College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b,
Politecnico di Bari c, Bari, Italy
M. Abbresciaa,b, R. Alya,b,39, C. Arutaa,b, A. Colaleoa, D. Creanzaa,c, N. De
Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, A. Di Florioa,b, A. Di Pilatoa,b, W.
Elmetenaweea,b, L. Fiorea, A. Gelmia,b, M. Gula, G. Iasellia,c, M. Incea,b, S.
Lezkia,b, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia, I. Margjekaa,b, V. Mastrapasquaa,b, J.A.
Merlina, S. Mya,b, S. Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c, A. Ranieria, G.
Selvaggia,b, L. Silvestrisa, F.M. Simonea,b, R. Vendittia, P. Verwilligena
INFN Sezione di Bologna a, Università di Bologna b, Bologna, Italy
G. Abbiendia, C. Battilanaa,b, D. Bonacorsia,b, L. Borgonovia,b, S. Braibant-
Giacomellia,b, R. Campaninia,b, P. Capiluppia,b, A. Castroa,b, F.R. Cavalloa,
M. Cuffiania,b, G.M. Dallavallea, T. Diotalevia,b, F. Fabbria, A. Fanfania,b,
E. Fontanesia,b, P. Giacomellia, L. Giommia,b, C. Grandia, L. Guiduccia,b, F.
Iemmia,b, S. Lo Meoa,40, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia, F.L. Navarriaa,b, A.
Perrottaa, F. Primaveraa,b, A.M. Rossia,b, T. Rovellia,b, G.P. Sirolia,b, N.
Tosia INFN Sezione di Catania a, Università di Catania b, Catania, Italy
S. Albergoa,b,41, S. Costaa,b,41, A. Di Mattiaa, R. Potenzaa,b, A.
Tricomia,b,41, C. Tuvea,b INFN Sezione di Firenze a, Università di Firenze b,
Firenze, Italy
G. Barbaglia, A. Cassesea, R. Ceccarellia,b, V. Ciullia,b, C. Civininia, R.
D’Alessandroa,b, F. Fioria, E. Focardia,b, G. Latinoa,b, P. Lenzia,b, M.
Lizzoa,b, M. Meschinia, S. Paolettia, R. Seiditaa,b, G. Sguazzonia, L.
Viliania INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo INFN Sezione di Genova a, Università di
Genova b, Genova, Italy
M. Bozzoa,b, F. Ferroa, R. Mulargiaa,b, E. Robuttia, S. Tosia,b INFN Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b, Milano, Italy
A. Benagliaa, A. Beschia,b, F. Brivioa,b, F. Cetorellia,b, V. Cirioloa,b,20,
F. De Guioa,b, M.E. Dinardoa,b, P. Dinia, S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P.
Govonia,b, L. Guzzia,b, M. Malbertia, S. Malvezzia, D. Menascea, F. Montia,b,
L. Moronia, M. Paganonia,b, D. Pedrinia, S. Ragazzia,b, T. Tabarelli de
Fatisa,b, D. Valsecchia,b,20, D. Zuoloa,b INFN Sezione di Napoli a, Università
di Napoli ’Federico II’ b, Napoli, Italy, Università della Basilicata c,
Potenza, Italy, Università G. Marconi d, Roma, Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, A. De Iorioa,b, F. Fabozzia,c, F. Fiengaa,
A.O.M. Iorioa,b, L. Listaa,b, S. Meolaa,d,20, P. Paoluccia,20, B. Rossia, C.
Sciaccaa,b, E. Voevodinaa,b INFN Sezione di Padova a, Università di Padova b,
Padova, Italy, Università di Trento c, Trento, Italy
P. Azzia, N. Bacchettaa, D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b, A. Bragagnoloa,b, R.
Carlina,b, P. Checchiaa, P. De Castro Manzanoa, T. Dorigoa, F. Gasparinia,b,
U. Gasparinia,b, S.Y. Hoha,b, L. Layera,42, M. Margonia,b, A.T. Meneguzzoa,b,
M. Presillaa,b, P. Ronchesea,b, R. Rossina,b, F. Simonettoa,b, G. Stronga, A.
Tikoa, M. Tosia,b, H. YARARa,b, M. Zanettia,b, P. Zottoa,b, A. Zucchettaa,b,
G. Zumerlea,b INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b
C. Aime‘a,b, A. Braghieria, S. Calzaferria,b, D. Fiorinaa,b, P. Montagnaa,b,
S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, M. Ressegottia,b, C. Riccardia,b, P. Salvinia, I. Vaia,
P. Vituloa,b INFN Sezione di Perugia a, Università di Perugia b, Perugia,
Italy
M. Biasinia,b, G.M. Bileia, D. Ciangottinia,b, L. Fanòa,b, P. Laricciaa,b, G.
Mantovania,b, V. Mariania,b, M. Menichellia, F. Moscatellia, A. Piccinellia,b,
A. Rossia,b, A. Santocchiaa,b, D. Spigaa, T. Tedeschia,b INFN Sezione di Pisa
a, Università di Pisa b, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa c, Pisa Italy,
Università di Siena d, Siena, Italy
K. Androsova, P. Azzurria, G. Bagliesia, V. Bertacchia,c, L. Bianchinia, T.
Boccalia, R. Castaldia, M.A. Cioccia,b, R. Dell’Orsoa, M.R. Di Domenicoa,d, S.
Donatoa, L. Gianninia,c, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa, F. Ligabuea,c, E. Mancaa,c,
G. Mandorlia,c, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa, G. Ramirez-Sancheza,c, A. Rizzia,b,
G. Rolandia,c, S. Roy Chowdhurya,c, A. Scribanoa, N. Shafieia,b, P. Spagnoloa,
R. Tenchinia, G. Tonellia,b, N. Turinia,d, A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia INFN
Sezione di Roma a, Sapienza Università di Roma b, Rome, Italy
F. Cavallaria, M. Cipriania,b, D. Del Rea,b, E. Di Marcoa, M. Diemoza, E.
Longoa,b, P. Meridiania, G. Organtinia,b, F. Pandolfia, R. Paramattia,b, C.
Quarantaa,b, S. Rahatloua,b, C. Rovellia, F. Santanastasioa,b, L. Soffia,b, R.
Tramontanoa,b INFN Sezione di Torino a, Università di Torino b, Torino, Italy,
Università del Piemonte Orientale c, Novara, Italy
N. Amapanea,b, R. Arcidiaconoa,c, S. Argiroa,b, M. Arneodoa,c, N. Bartosika,
R. Bellana,b, A. Belloraa,b, C. Biinoa, A. Cappatia,b, N. Cartigliaa, S.
Comettia, M. Costaa,b, R. Covarellia,b, N. Demariaa, B. Kiania,b, F. Leggera,
C. Mariottia, S. Masellia, E. Migliorea,b, V. Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M.
Montenoa, M.M. Obertinoa,b, G. Ortonaa, L. Pachera,b, N. Pastronea, M.
Pelliccionia, G.L. Pinna Angionia,b, M. Ruspaa,c, R. Salvaticoa,b, F.
Sivieroa,b, V. Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, D. Soldia,b, A. Staianoa, D. Trocinoa,b
INFN Sezione di Trieste a, Università di Trieste b, Trieste, Italy
S. Belfortea, V. Candelisea,b, M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia, A. Da Rolda,b, G.
Della Riccaa,b, F. Vazzolera,b Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
S. Dogra, C. Huh, B. Kim, D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, J. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon,
Y.D. Oh, S.I. Pak, B.C. Radburn-Smith, S. Sekmen, Y.C. Yang Chonnam National
University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
B. Francois, T.J. Kim, J. Park Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, S. Ha, B. Hong, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, J. Lim, J. Park,
S.K. Park, J. Yoo Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Republic
of Korea
J. Goh, A. Gurtu Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H.S. Kim, Y. Kim Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J.H. Bhyun, J. Choi, S. Jeon, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, S. Ko, H. Kwon, H.
Lee, K. Lee, S. Lee, K. Nam, B.H. Oh, M. Oh, S.B. Oh, H. Seo, U.K. Yang, I.
Yoon University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
D. Jeon, J.H. Kim, B. Ko, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park, Y. Roh, D. Song, I.J. Watson
Yonsei University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
H.D. Yoo Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, Y. Jeong, H. Lee, Y. Lee, I. Yu College of Engineering and
Technology, American University of the Middle East (AUM), Egaila, Kuwait
Y. Maghrbi Riga Technical University
V. Veckalns43 Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
A. Juodagalvis, A. Rinkevicius, G. Tamulaitis National Centre for Particle
Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
W.A.T. Wan Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli Universidad de Sonora (UNISON),
Hermosillo, Mexico
J.F. Benitez, A. Castaneda Hernandez, J.A. Murillo Quijada, L. Valencia Palomo
Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
G. Ayala, H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, I. Heredia-De La Cruz44,
R. Lopez-Fernandez, C.A. Mondragon Herrera, D.A. Perez Navarro, A. Sanchez-
Hernandez Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, M. Ramirez-Garcia, F. Vazquez Valencia
Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
J. Mijuskovic4, N. Raicevic University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M.I. Asghar, M.I.M. Awan, H.R. Hoorani, W.A. Khan, M.A. Shah, M.
Shoaib, M. Waqas AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer
Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, Krakow, Poland
V. Avati, L. Grzanka, M. Malawski National Centre for Nuclear Research,
Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Frueboes, M. Górski, M. Kazana, M.
Szleper, P. Traczyk, P. Zalewski Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of
Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, A. Byszuk45, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J.
Krolikowski, M. Olszewski, M. Walczak Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física
Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
M. Araujo, P. Bargassa, D. Bastos, P. Faccioli, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N.
Leonardo, T. Niknejad, J. Seixas, K. Shchelina, J. Silva, O. Toldaiev, J.
Varela Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
S. Afanasiev, P. Bunin, M. Gavrilenko, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Kamenev,
V. Karjavine, A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev46,47, P. Moisenz, V. Palichik,
V. Perelygin, M. Savina, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, V. Smirnov, O.
Teryaev, N. Voytishin, B.S. Yuldashev48, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin Petersburg
Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg), Russia
G. Gavrilov, V. Golovtcov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim49, E. Kuznetsova50, V. Murzin, V.
Oreshkin, I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, S. Volkov, A. Vorobyev
Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov,
N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov, G. Pivovarov, D.
Tlisov${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical and
Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’,
Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, A. Nikitenko51, V. Popov, G.
Safronov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A. Zhokin Moscow
Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
R. Chistov52, M. Danilov53, A. Oskin, P. Parygin, S. Polikarpov53 P.N. Lebedev
Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, I. Dremin, M. Kirakosyan, A. Terkulov Skobeltsyn
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow,
Russia
A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, A. Kaminskiy54, O. Kodolova, V.
Korotkikh, I. Lokhtin, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko, V. Savrin, A. Snigirev,
I. Vardanyan Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia
V. Blinov55, T. Dimova55, L. Kardapoltsev55, I. Ovtin55, Y. Skovpen55
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov
Institute’, Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, V. Kachanov, A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, V. Petrov,
R. Ryutin, A. Sobol, S. Troshin, N. Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov National
Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev, A. Iuzhakov, V. Okhotnikov, L. Sukhikh Tomsk State University,
Tomsk, Russia
V. Borchsh, V. Ivanchenko, E. Tcherniaev University of Belgrade: Faculty of
Physics and VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
P. Adzic56, P. Cirkovic, M. Dordevic, P. Milenovic, J. Milosevic Centro de
Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid,
Spain
M. Aguilar-Benitez, J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. Álvarez Fernández, I. Bachiller, M.
Barrio Luna, Cristina F. Bedoya, J.A. Brochero Cifuentes, C.A. Carrillo
Montoya, M. Cepeda, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris,
J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, A. García Alonso, O. Gonzalez Lopez,
S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa, J. León Holgado, D. Moran, Á. Navarro
Tobar, A. Pérez-Calero Yzquierdo, J. Puerta Pelayo, I. Redondo, L. Romero, S.
Sánchez Navas, M.S. Soares, A. Triossi, L. Urda Gómez, C. Willmott Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Trocóniz, R. Reyes-Almanza Universidad de Oviedo,
Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias
(ICTEA), Oviedo, Spain
B. Alvarez Gonzalez, J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras,
I. Gonzalez Caballero, E. Palencia Cortezon, C. Ramón Álvarez, J. Ripoll Sau,
V. Rodríguez Bouza, S. Sanchez Cruz, A. Trapote Instituto de Física de
Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M.
Fernandez, P.J. Fernández Manteca, G. Gomez, C. Martinez Rivero, P. Martinez
Ruiz del Arbol, F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels, F. Ricci-Tam, T.
Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, L. Scodellaro, I. Vila, J.M. Vizan Garcia University
of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
MK Jayananda, B. Kailasapathy57, D.U.J. Sonnadara, DDC Wickramarathna
University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri Lanka
W.G.D. Dharmaratna, K. Liyanage, N. Perera, N. Wickramage CERN, European
Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, G. Auzinger, J. Baechler, P.
Baillon, A.H. Ball, D. Barney, J. Bendavid, N. Beni, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, P.
Bortignon, E. Bossini, E. Brondolin, T. Camporesi, G. Cerminara, L. Cristella,
D. d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski, N. Daci, V. Daponte, A. David, A. De Roeck, M.
Deile, R. Di Maria, M. Dobson, M. Dünser, N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert, N.
Emriskova, F. Fallavollita58, D. Fasanella, S. Fiorendi, A. Florent, G.
Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, S. Giani, D. Gigi, K. Gill, F. Glege, L.
Gouskos, M. Guilbaud, D. Gulhan, M. Haranko, J. Hegeman, Y. Iiyama, V.
Innocente, T. James, P. Janot, J. Kaspar, J. Kieseler, M. Komm, N. Kratochwil,
C. Lange, P. Lecoq, K. Long, C. Lourenço, L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli, A.
Massironi, F. Meijers, S. Mersi, E. Meschi, F. Moortgat, M. Mulders, J.
Ngadiuba, J. Niedziela, S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo20, L. Pape, E.
Perez, M. Peruzzi, A. Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini, D.
Rabady, A. Racz, M. Rieger, M. Rovere, H. Sakulin, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, S.
Scarfi, C. Schäfer, C. Schwick, M. Selvaggi, A. Sharma, P. Silva, W. Snoeys,
P. Sphicas59, J. Steggemann, S. Summers, V.R. Tavolaro, D. Treille, A. Tsirou,
G.P. Van Onsem, A. Vartak, M. Verzetti, K.A. Wozniak, W.D. Zeuner Paul
Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
L. Caminada60, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C. Kaestli, D.
Kotlinski, U. Langenegger, T. Rohe ETH Zurich - Institute for Particle Physics
and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, P. Berger, A. Calandri, N. Chernyavskaya, A. De Cosa, G.
Dissertori, M. Dittmar, M. Donegà, C. Dorfer, T. Gadek, T.A. Gómez Espinosa,
C. Grab, D. Hits, W. Lustermann, A.-M. Lyon, R.A. Manzoni, M.T. Meinhard, F.
Micheli, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, F. Pauss, V. Perovic, G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi, S.
Pigazzini, M.G. Ratti, M. Reichmann, C. Reissel, T. Reitenspiess, B. Ristic,
D. Ruini, D.A. Sanz Becerra, M. Schönenberger, V. Stampf, M.L. Vesterbacka
Olsson, R. Wallny, D.H. Zhu Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
C. Amsler61, C. Botta, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, R. Del Burgo, J.K.
Heikkilä, M. Huwiler, A. Jofrehei, B. Kilminster, S. Leontsinis, A. Macchiolo,
P. Meiring, V.M. Mikuni, U. Molinatti, I. Neutelings, G. Rauco, A. Reimers, P.
Robmann, K. Schweiger, Y. Takahashi, S. Wertz National Central University,
Chung-Li, Taiwan
C. Adloff62, C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A. Roy, T. Sarkar35, S.S. Yu National Taiwan
University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
L. Ceard, P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Y.y. Li, R.-S.
Lu, E. Paganis, A. Psallidas, A. Steen, E. Yazgan Chulalongkorn University,
Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, N. Srimanobhas Çukurova University,
Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
M.N. Bakirci63, F. Boran, S. Damarseckin64, Z.S. Demiroglu, F. Dolek, C.
Dozen65, I. Dumanoglu66, E. Eskut, G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler, E. Gurpinar Guler67,
I. Hos68, C. Isik, O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu, U. Kiminsu, G. Onengut, K.
Ozdemir69, A. Polatoz, A.E. Simsek, U.G. Tok, H. Topakli70, S. Turkcapar, I.S.
Zorbakir, C. Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University, Physics Department,
Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak71, G. Karapinar72, K. Ocalan73, M. Yalvac74 Bogazici University,
Istanbul, Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. Gülmez, M. Kaya75, O. Kaya76, Ö. Özçelik, S. Tekten77, E.A.
Yetkin78 Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Cakir, K. Cankocak66, Y. Komurcu, S. Sen79 Istanbul University, Istanbul,
Turkey
F. Aydogmus Sen, S. Cerci80, B. Kaynak, S. Ozkorucuklu, D. Sunar Cerci80
Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of
Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and
Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
E. Bhal, S. Bologna, J.J. Brooke, E. Clement, D. Cussans, H. Flacher, J.
Goldstein, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, S. Paramesvaran, T.
Sakuma, S. Seif El Nasr-Storey, V.J. Smith, J. Taylor, A. Titterton Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
K.W. Bell, A. Belyaev81, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D.J.A. Cockerill, K.V. Ellis, K.
Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, K. Manolopoulos, D.M. Newbold, E. Olaiya, D.
Petyt, T. Reis, T. Schuh, C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin,
T. Williams Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, S. Bonomally, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A.
Bundock, V. Cepaitis, G.S. Chahal82, D. Colling, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M.
Della Negra, G. Fedi, G. Hall, G. Iles, J. Langford, L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan,
S. Malik, A. Martelli, V. Milosevic, J. Nash83, V. Palladino, M. Pesaresi,
D.M. Raymond, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A. Shtipliyski, M.
Stoye, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, T. Virdee20, N. Wardle, S.N. Webb, D.
Winterbottom, A.G. Zecchinelli Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, I.D. Reid, L.
Teodorescu, S. Zahid Baylor University, Waco, USA
A. Brinkerhoff, K. Call, B. Caraway, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, A.R.
Kanuganti, C. Madrid, B. McMaster, N. Pastika, S. Sawant, C. Smith, J. Wilson
Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez, R. Uniyal, A.M. Vargas Hernandez The University of
Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, O. Charaf, S.I. Cooper, S.V. Gleyzer, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio,
C. West Boston University, Boston, USA
A. Akpinar, A. Albert, D. Arcaro, C. Cosby, Z. Demiragli, D. Gastler, C.
Richardson, J. Rohlf, K. Salyer, D. Sperka, D. Spitzbart, I. Suarez, S. Yuan,
D. Zou Brown University, Providence, USA
G. Benelli, B. Burkle, X. Coubez21, D. Cutts, Y.t. Duh, M. Hadley, U. Heintz,
J.M. Hogan84, K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, K.T. Lau, J. Lee, M.
Narain, S. Sagir85, R. Syarif, E. Usai, W.Y. Wong, D. Yu, W. Zhang University
of California, Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M. Chertok,
J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk, F. Jensen, W.
Ko${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, O. Kukral, R. Lander, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett,
J. Pilot, M. Shi, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Y. Yao, F. Zhang University
of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, D. Hamilton, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, T.
Lam, N. Mccoll, W.A. Nash, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, B. Stone,
V. Valuev University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
K. Burt, Y. Chen, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G.
Karapostoli, O.R. Long, N. Manganelli, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I. Paneva, W. Si,
S. Wimpenny, Y. Zhang University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, P. Chang, S. Cittolin, S. Cooperstein, N. Deelen, M. Derdzinski,
J. Duarte, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M.
Masciovecchio, S. May, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, V. Sharma, M. Tadel, F. Würthwein,
A. Yagil University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics,
Santa Barbara, USA
N. Amin, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dorsett, V. Dutta, J. Incandela, B.
Marsh, H. Mei, A. Ovcharova, H. Qu, M. Quinnan, J. Richman, U. Sarica, D.
Stuart, S. Wang California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, O. Cerri, I. Dutta, J.M. Lawhorn, N. Lu, J. Mao,
H.B. Newman, T.Q. Nguyen, J. Pata, M. Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, S. Xie, Z.
Zhang, R.Y. Zhu Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
J. Alison, M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I.
Vorobiev University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, E. MacDonald, T. Mulholland, R. Patel, A. Perloff, K.
Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, D.J. Cranshaw, A. Datta, A. Frankenthal, K.
Mcdermott, J. Monroy, J.R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Ryd, W. Sun, S.M. Tan, Z.
Tao, J. Thom, P. Wittich, M. Zientek Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory,
Batavia, USA
S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S.
Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, D. Berry, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, K.
Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B. Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M.
Cremonesi, V.D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D.
Green, S. Grünendahl, O. Gutsche, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, R. Heller, T.C.
Herwig, J. Hirschauer, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, P.
Klabbers, T. Klijnsma, B. Klima, M.J. Kortelainen, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R.
Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, D. Mason, P. McBride, P.
Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, V. Papadimitriou, K. Pedro, C. Pena86,
O. Prokofyev, F. Ravera, A. Reinsvold Hall, L. Ristori, B. Schneider, E.
Sexton-Kennedy, N. Smith, A. Soha, W.J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J.
Strait, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, H.A.
Weber, A. Woodard University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, D. Bourilkov, L. Cadamuro, V. Cherepanov, F. Errico, R.D.
Field, D. Guerrero, B.M. Joshi, M. Kim, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K.H. Lo, K.
Matchev, N. Menendez, G. Mitselmakher, D. Rosenzweig, K. Shi, J. Wang, S.
Wang, X. Zuo Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
T. Adams, A. Askew, D. Diaz, R. Habibullah, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F.
Johnson, R. Khurana, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, H. Prosper, C. Schiber, R.
Yohay, J. Zhang Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, S. Butalla, T. Elkafrawy87, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, M. Rahmani,
M. Saunders, F. Yumiceva University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, H. Becerril Gonzalez, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S.
Dittmer, O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, C. Mills, G. Oh,
T. Roy, M.B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, J. Viinikainen, X. Wang, Z. Wu The University
of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
M. Alhusseini, K. Dilsiz88, S. Durgut, R.P. Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V.
Khristenko, O.K. Köseyan, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili89, A. Moeller, J.
Nachtman, H. Ogul90, Y. Onel, F. Ozok91, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, J.
Wetzel, K. Yi92 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
O. Amram, B. Blumenfeld, L. Corcodilos, M. Eminizer, A.V. Gritsan, S.
Kyriacou, P. Maksimovic, C. Mantilla, J. Roskes, M. Swartz, T.Á. Vámi The
University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
C. Baldenegro Barrera, P. Baringer, A. Bean, A. Bylinkin, T. Isidori, S.
Khalil, J. King, G. Krintiras, A. Kropivnitskaya, C. Lindsey, N. Minafra, M.
Murray, C. Rogan, C. Royon, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q.
Wang, J. Williams, G. Wilson Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA
S. Duric, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, D. Kim, Y. Maravin, T. Mitchell, A. Modak, A.
Mohammadi Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright University of Maryland, College Park, USA
E. Adams, A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, N.J. Hadley, S.
Jabeen, G.Y. Jeng, R.G. Kellogg, T. Koeth, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, M.
Seidel, A. Skuja, S.C. Tonwar, L. Wang, K. Wong Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I.A. Cali, Y. Chen, M.
D’Alfonso, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, G.J.
Kim, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi, J. Krupa, Y.-J. Lee, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C.
Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, D. Rankin, C.
Roland, G. Roland, Z. Shi, G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu,
J. Wang, T.W. Wang, Z. Wang, B. Wyslouch University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
USA
R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, S. Guts${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, P. Hansen, J.
Hiltbrand, Sh. Jain, M. Krohn, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, M. Revering, R.
Rusack, R. Saradhy, N. Schroeder, N. Strobbe, M.A. Wadud University of
Mississippi, Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
K. Bloom, S. Chauhan, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, L. Finco, F. Golf, J.R.
González Fernández, I. Kravchenko, J.E. Siado, G.R.
Snow${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, B. Stieger, W. Tabb, F. Yan State University
of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
G. Agarwal, H. Bandyopadhyay, C. Harrington, L. Hay, I. Iashvili, A.
Kharchilava, C. McLean, D. Nguyen, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani
Northeastern University, Boston, USA
G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, Y. Haddad, A. Hortiangtham, J. Li, G.
Madigan, B. Marzocchi, D.M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, A. Parker, L.
Skinnari, A. Tishelman-Charny, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood
Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, J. Bueghly, Z. Chen, A. Gilbert, T. Gunter, K.A. Hahn, N.
Odell, M.H. Schmitt, K. Sung, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame,
USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop,
D.J. Karmgard, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, F.
Meng, K. Mohrman, Y. Musienko46, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, S. Taroni, M.
Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, L. Zygala The Ohio State University, Columbus,
USA
J. Alimena, B. Bylsma, B. Cardwell, L.S. Durkin, B. Francis, C. Hill, A.
Lefeld, B.L. Winer, B.R. Yates Princeton University, Princeton, USA
P. Das, G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, B. Greenberg, N. Haubrich, S. Higginbotham, A.
Kalogeropoulos, G. Kopp, S. Kwan, D. Lange, M.T. Lucchini, J. Luo, D. Marlow,
K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, D. Stickland, C. Tully
University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
V.E. Barnes, R. Chawla, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, B. Mahakud, G.
Negro, N. Neumeister, C.C. Peng, S. Piperov, H. Qiu, J.F. Schulte, M.
Stojanovic16, N. Trevisani, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University
Northwest, Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar Rice University, Houston, USA
A. Baty, S. Dildick, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M. Kilpatrick, A.
Kumar, W. Li, B.P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$,
J. Rorie, W. Shi, A.G. Stahl Leiton University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T. Ferbel, M.
Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, E. Ranken, R.
Taus Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
B. Chiarito, J.P. Chou, A. Gandrakota, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hart,
M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, O. Karacheban24, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R.
Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone,
S.A. Thayil, S. Thomas, H. Wang University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
H. Acharya, A.G. Delannoy, S. Spanier Texas A&M University, College Station,
USA
O. Bouhali93, M. Dalchenko, A. Delgado, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T.
Kamon94, H. Kim, S. Luo, S. Malhotra, R. Mueller, D. Overton, L. Perniè, D.
Rathjens, A. Safonov, J. Sturdy Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, V. Hegde, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, S.W. Lee, T.
Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, Z. Wang, A.
Whitbeck Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
E. Appelt, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H.
Ni, K. Padeken, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. Verweij
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, B. Cox, G. Cummings, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A.
Ledovskoy, A. Li, C. Neu, B. Tannenwald, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia Wayne State
University, Detroit, USA
P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, P. Thapa University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison,
WI, USA
K. Black, T. Bose, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P.
Everaerts, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, A. Lanaro, A.
Loeliger, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, D. Pinna, T.
Ruggles, A. Savin, V. Shang, V. Sharma, W.H. Smith, D. Teague, S. Trembath-
reichert, W. Vetens †: Deceased
1: Also at TU Wien, Wien, Austria
2: Also at Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering,
Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt
3: Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
4: Also at IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
5: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
6: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
7: Also at UFMS, Nova Andradina, Brazil
8: Also at Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
9: Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
10: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I.
Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia
11: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
12: Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
13: Now at Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
14: Also at Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zewail, Egypt
15: Now at Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
16: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
17: Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
18: Also at Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
19: Also at Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
20: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
21: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
22: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
23: Also at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, Isfahan, Iran
24: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
25: Also at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State
University, Moscow, Russia
26: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
27: Also at Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut,
Egypt
28: Also at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
29: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
30: Also at IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
31: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
32: Also at G.H.G. Khalsa College, Punjab, India
33: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India
34: Also at University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
35: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
36: Also at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mumbai, India
37: Also at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
38: Also at Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of
Mazandaran, Behshahr, Iran
39: Now at INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b, Politecnico di Bari
c, Bari, Italy
40: Also at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and
Sustainable Economic Development, Bologna, Italy
41: Also at Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia,
Catania, Italy
42: Also at Università di Napoli ’Federico II’, Napoli, Italy
43: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
44: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
45: Also at Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems,
Warsaw, Poland
46: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
47: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
48: Also at Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of
Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
49: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg,
Russia
50: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
51: Also at Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
52: Also at Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia,
Moscow, Russia
53: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
54: Also at INFN Sezione di Padova a, Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy,
Università di Trento c, Trento, Italy, Padova, Italy
55: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
56: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
57: Also at Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Nilaveli, Sri
Lanka
58: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy
59: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
60: Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
61: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria
62: Also at Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules,
IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France
63: Also at Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
64: Also at Şırnak University, Sirnak, Turkey
65: Also at Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
66: Also at Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health
Science, Nicosia, Turkey
67: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
68: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Application and Research Center for
Advanced Studies (App. & Res. Cent. for Advanced Studies), Istanbul, Turkey
69: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
70: Also at Tarsus University, MERSIN, Turkey
71: Also at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
72: Also at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
73: Also at Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
74: Also at Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü, Yozgat, Turkey
75: Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
76: Also at Milli Savunma University, Istanbul, Turkey
77: Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
78: Also at Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
79: Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
80: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
81: Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
82: Also at IPPP Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
83: Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
84: Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, Minneapolis, USA, St. Paul, USA
85: Also at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
86: Also at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
87: Also at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
88: Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
89: Also at Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
90: Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
91: Also at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
92: Also at Nanjing Normal University Department of Physics, Nanjing, China
93: Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
94: Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Daegu, Korea