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##  Appendix A Abbreviations

Acc | Accuracy | m-BERT | Multilingual BERT
---|---|---|---
AG | Aggression | MAG | Mediam aggression
ARF | Adaptive Random Forest | ML | Machine learning
AUC | Area Under Curve | Mn | Maithili
Avg | Average | MTL | Multi Tasking Learning
BanglaBERT | BERT pre-trained on Bangla | MultiCNNPooling |  | Multi-Convolutional Neural
---
Network with Pooling
BERT |  | Bidirectional Encoder
---
Representations from
Transformers
N | No
BFFO | Binary Firefly Optimization | NAG | Non-aggression
BiGRU | Bidirectional GRU | NB | Naive Bayes
BiLSTM | Bidirectional LSTM | NER | Named Entity Recognition
Bn | Bangla | NetzDG | Network Enforcement Act
CAG | Covert Aggression | NKB | Network Knowledge Base
Char | Character | NLP | Natural Language Processing
CK | Cohen’s kappa | OAG | Overt Aggression
CM | Code-mixed | OneR | One Rule
CNN | Convolutional Neural Networks | OSM | Online Social Media
COVID-19 | COronaVIrus Disease of 2019 | P | Precision
CS | Computer Science | Ph. No. | Phone Number
DA | Data Augmentation | POFMA |  | Protection from Online
---
Falsehoods and Manipulation
Act
DistilBERT | Distilled versions of BERT | POS | Part-of-speech
DistilBETO |  | DistilBERT pre-trained
---
on Spanish
PSMU | Problematic Social Media
DNN | Deep Neural Network | R | Recall
En | English | RBF | Radial Basis Function
Es | Spanish | RF | Random Forest
Fb | Facebook | RNN | Recurrent Neural Network
FK | Fleiss’ kappa | RoBERTa | Robustly Optimized BERT
GAM | General Aggression Model | Ru | Russian
GAN | Generative Adversarial Learning | RuBERT | BERT pre-trained on Russian
GBM | Gradient Boosting Classifier | SIPT |  | Social Information Processing
---
Theory
GEN | Gendered | SLR | Streaming Logistic Regression
Glove | Global Vector | SMO |  | Sequential Minimal
---
Optimization
GPT-2 |  | Generative Pretrained
---
Transformer 2
SVM | Support Vector Machine
GRU | Gated Recurrent Unit | Tel | Telegram
HAG | High aggression | TF-IDF |  | Term Frequency-Inverse
---
Document Frequency
HAL | Hierarchical attention network | TTR | Type-Token Ratio
Hi | Hindi | Tw | Twitter
Hing-BERT |  | BERT pre-trained on code-mixed
---
Hindi-English
URL | Uniform Resource Locator
HT | Hoeffding Tree | USE | Universal Sentence Encoder
IAA | Inter-Annotator Agreement | VGG16 | Visual Geometry Group 16
Insta | Instagram | W-F1 | Weighted F1 Score
It | Italian | XGBoost | eXtreme Gradient Boosting
KA | Krippendorff’s alpha | XLMRoBERTa |  | Cross-lingual Language Model
---
RoBERTa
LIWC |  | Linguistic Inquiry and
---
Word Count
Y | Yes
LR | Logistic Regression | Yt | YouTube
LSTM | Long Short-Term Memory |  |