Table 15: Number of BNS mergers events for redshifts $z\leq 0.5$ observed in the four studied CE networks that can be localized to within a small region on the sky ($\Omega_{90}/{\rm deg^{2}}\leq 100,20,10,1$) 2, 5, and 10 minutes before merger. For a given early warning time $\tau_{\rm EW}$ we determine the corresponding starting frequency $f_{\rm EW}$ using Eq. (11). EW time |  $\tau_{\rm EW}=120$ s |  $\tau_{\rm EW}=300$ s |  $\tau_{\rm EW}=600$ s
---|---|---|---
$\Omega_{90}$ (deg2)ABC | $\leq 100$ | $\leq 20$ | $\leq 10$ |  $\leq 1$ A | $\leq 100$ | $\leq 20$ | $\leq 10$ |  $\leq 1$ A | $\leq 100$ | $\leq 20$ | $\leq 10$ |  $\leq 1$ A
VKI+C..20 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 ABC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 ABC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
VKI+C..40 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 ABC | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 ABC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0
VKI+C..20-40 | 80 | 15 | 6 | 0 ABC | 44 | 9 | 4 | 0 ABC | 14 | 3 | 1 | 0
VKI+C..40-40 | 140 | 22 | 9 | 1 ABC | 77 | 11 | 5 | 0 ABC | 26 | 5 | 2 | 0
Figure 23: Histograms of the SNR $\rho_{{\rm post}\textnormal{-}{\rm merger}}$
in the post-merger signal of the BBH population in the four studied CE
networks for redshifts $z\leq 0.5$ and a observation time of 10 years.

## References

  * (1) LIGO Scientific collaboration, _Advanced LIGO_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 32 (2015) 074001 [1411.4547].
  * (2) VIRGO collaboration, _Advanced Virgo: a second-generation interferometric gravitational wave detector_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 32 (2015) 024001 [1408.3978].
  * (3) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 116 (2016) 061102 [1602.03837].
  * (4) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW151226: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a 22-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 116 (2016) 241103 [1606.04855].
  * (5) LIGO Scientific, VIRGO collaboration, _GW170104: Observation of a 50-Solar-Mass Binary Black Hole Coalescence at Redshift 0.2_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 118 (2017) 221101 [1706.01812].
  * (6) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GWTC-1: A Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog of Compact Binary Mergers Observed by LIGO and Virgo during the First and Second Observing Runs_ , _Phys. Rev._ X9 (2019) 031040 [1811.12907].
  * (7) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run_ , [2010.14527].
  * (8) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GWTC-2: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the First Half of the Third Observing Run_ , _Phys. Rev. X_ 11 (2021) 021053 [2010.14527].
  * (9) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 119 (2017) 161101 [1710.05832].
  * (10) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW190425: Observation of a Compact Binary Coalescence with Total Mass $\sim 3.4M_{\odot}$_, _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 892 (2020) L3 [2001.01761].
  * (11) LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA collaboration, _Observation of gravitational waves from two neutron star-black hole coalescences_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 915 (2021) L5 [2106.15163].
  * (12) LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Fermi GBM, INTEGRAL, IceCube, AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager Team, IPN, Insight-Hxmt, ANTARES, Swift, AGILE Team, 1M2H Team, Dark Energy Camera GW-EM, DES, DLT40, GRAWITA, Fermi-LAT, ATCA, ASKAP, Las Cumbres Observatory Group, OzGrav, DWF (Deeper Wider Faster Program), AST3, CAASTRO, VINROUGE, MASTER, J-GEM, GROWTH, JAGWAR, CaltechNRAO, TTU-NRAO, NuSTAR, Pan-STARRS, MAXI Team, TZAC Consortium, KU, Nordic Optical Telescope, ePESSTO, GROND, Texas Tech University, SALT Group, TOROS, BOOTES, MWA, CALET, IKI-GW Follow-up, H.E.S.S., LOFAR, LWA, HAWC, Pierre Auger, ALMA, Euro VLBI Team, Pi of Sky, Chandra Team at McGill University, DFN, ATLAS Telescopes, High Time Resolution Universe Survey, RIMAS, RATIR, SKA South Africa/MeerKAT collaboration, _Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L12 [1710.05833].
  * (13) LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Fermi-GBM, INTEGRAL collaboration, _Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L13 [1710.05834].
  * (14) K. Chatziioannou et al., _On the properties of the massive binary black hole merger GW170729_ , _Phys. Rev._ D100 (2019) 104015 [1903.06742].
  * (15) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of $150M_{\odot}$_, _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 125 (2020) 101102 [2009.01075].
  * (16) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Properties and Astrophysical Implications of the 150 M ⊙ Binary Black Hole Merger GW190521_, _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 900 (2020) L13 [2009.01190].
  * (17) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW190412: Observation of a Binary-Black-Hole Coalescence with Asymmetric Masses_ , _Phys. Rev._ D102 (2020) 043015 [2004.08342].
  * (18) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 Solar Mass Black Hole with a 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 896 (2020) L44 [2006.12611].
  * (19) A. H. Nitz, C. Capano, A. B. Nielsen, S. Reyes, R. White, D. A. Brown et al., _1-OGC: The first open gravitational-wave catalog of binary mergers from analysis of public Advanced LIGO data_ , _Astrophys. J._ 872 (2019) 195 [1811.01921].
  * (20) A. H. Nitz, T. Dent, G. S. Davies, S. Kumar, C. D. Capano, I. Harry et al., _2-OGC: Open Gravitational-wave Catalog of binary mergers from analysis of public Advanced LIGO and Virgo data_ , _Astrophys. J._ 891 (2020) 123 [1910.05331].
  * (21) J. Roulet, T. Venumadhav, B. Zackay, L. Dai and M. Zaldarriaga, _Binary Black Hole Mergers from LIGO/Virgo O1 and O2: Population Inference Combining Confident and Marginal Events_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 102 (2020) 123022 [2008.07014].
  * (22) A. H. Nitz, C. D. Capano, S. Kumar, Y.-F. Wang, S. Kastha, M. Schäfer et al., _3-OGC: Catalog of Gravitational Waves from Compact-binary Mergers_ , _Astrophys. J._ 922 (2021) 76 [2105.09151].
  * (23) A. H. Nitz, S. Kumar, Y.-F. Wang, S. Kastha, S. Wu, M. Schäfer et al., _4-OGC: Catalog of gravitational waves from compact-binary mergers_ , [2112.06878].
  * (24) B. Zackay, L. Dai, T. Venumadhav, J. Roulet and M. Zaldarriaga, _Detecting gravitational waves with disparate detector responses: Two new binary black hole mergers_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 104 (2021) 063030 [1910.09528].
  * (25) B. Zackay, T. Venumadhav, L. Dai, J. Roulet and M. Zaldarriaga, _Highly spinning and aligned binary black hole merger in the Advanced LIGO first observing run_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 023007 [1902.10331].
  * (26) T. Venumadhav, B. Zackay, J. Roulet, L. Dai and M. Zaldarriaga, _New binary black hole mergers in the second observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 101 (2020) 083030 [1904.07214].
  * (27) H. S. Chia, S. Olsen, J. Roulet, L. Dai, T. Venumadhav, B. Zackay et al., _Boxing Day Surprise: Higher Multipoles and Orbital Precession in GW151226_ , [2105.06486].
  * (28) S. Olsen, T. Venumadhav, J. Mushkin, J. Roulet, B. Zackay and M. Zaldarriaga, _New binary black hole mergers in the LIGO–Virgo O3a data_ , [2201.02252].
  * (29) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Tests of general relativity with GW150914_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 116 (2016) 221101 [1602.03841].
  * (30) N. Yunes, K. Yagi and F. Pretorius, _Theoretical Physics Implications of the Binary Black-Hole Mergers GW150914 and GW151226_ , _Phys. Rev._ D94 (2016) 084002 [1603.08955].
  * (31) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Tests of General Relativity with GW170817_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 123 (2019) 011102 [1811.00364].
  * (32) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Tests of General Relativity with the Binary Black Hole Signals from the LIGO-Virgo Catalog GWTC-1_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 104036 [1903.04467].
  * (33) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Tests of general relativity with binary black holes from the second LIGO-Virgo gravitational-wave transient catalog_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 103 (2021) 122002 [2010.14529].
  * (34) LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA collaboration, _Tests of General Relativity with GWTC-3_ , [2112.06861].
  * (35) K. Belczynski et al., _Evolutionary roads leading to low effective spins, high black hole masses, and O1/O2 rates for LIGO/Virgo binary black holes_ , _Astron. Astrophys._ 636 (2020) A104 [1706.07053].
  * (36) K. Belczynski et al., _Binary neutron star formation and the origin of GW170817_ , [1812.10065].
  * (37) A. Gupta, D. Gerosa, K. G. Arun, E. Berti, W. M. Farr and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Black holes in the low mass gap: Implications for gravitational wave observations_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 101 (2020) 103036 [1909.05804].
  * (38) M. Fishbach and D. E. Holz, _Picky Partners: The Pairing of Component Masses in Binary Black Hole Mergers_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 891 (2020) L27 [1905.12669].
  * (39) M. Fishbach and D. E. Holz, _Minding the gap: GW190521 as a straddling binary_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 904 (2020) L26 [2009.05472].
  * (40) D. Gerosa, S. Vitale and E. Berti, _Astrophysical implications of GW190412 as a remnant of a previous black-hole merger_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 125 (2020) 101103 [2005.04243].
  * (41) M. Zevin, S. S. Bavera, C. P. L. Berry, V. Kalogera, T. Fragos, P. Marchant et al., _One Channel to Rule Them All? Constraining the Origins of Binary Black Holes Using Multiple Formation Pathways_ , _Astrophys. J._ 910 (2021) 152 [2011.10057].
  * (42) M. Zevin, M. Spera, C. P. L. Berry and V. Kalogera, _Exploring the Lower Mass Gap and Unequal Mass Regime in Compact Binary Evolution_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 899 (2020) L1 [2006.14573].
  * (43) A. Olejak and K. Belczynski, _The Implications of High BH Spins on the Origin of BH–BH Mergers_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 921 (2021) L2 [2109.06872].
  * (44) V. Baibhav, E. Berti, D. Gerosa, M. Mould and K. W. K. Wong, _Looking for the parents of LIGO’s black holes_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 104 (2021) 084002 [2105.12140].
  * (45) P. Mahapatra, A. Gupta, M. Favata, K. G. Arun and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Remnant Black Hole Kicks and Implications for Hierarchical Mergers_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 918 (2021) L31 [2106.07179].
  * (46) M. Fishbach, Z. Doctor, T. Callister, B. Edelman, J. Ye, R. Essick et al., _When Are LIGO/Virgo’s Big Black Hole Mergers?_ , _Astrophys. J._ 912 (2021) 98 [2101.07699].
  * (47) B. F. Schutz, _Determining the Hubble Constant from Gravitational Wave Observations_ , _Nature_ 323 (1986) 310.
  * (48) LIGO Scientific, Virgo, 1M2H, Dark Energy Camera GW-E, DES, DLT40, Las Cumbres Observatory, VINROUGE, MASTER collaboration, _A gravitational-wave standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant_ , _Nature_ 551 (2017) 85 [1710.05835].
  * (49) S. Mukherjee, B. D. Wandelt and J. Silk, _Probing the theory of gravity with gravitational lensing of gravitational waves and galaxy surveys_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 494 (2020) 1956 [1908.08951].
  * (50) X. Shao, Z. Cao, X. Fan and S. Wu, _Probing the Large-scale Structure of the Universe Through Gravitational Wave Observations_ , _Res. Astron. Astrophys._ 22 (2022) 015006 [2110.08978].
  * (51) S. Libanore, M. C. Artale, D. Karagiannis, M. Liguori, N. Bartolo, Y. Bouffanais et al., _Gravitational Wave mergers as tracers of Large Scale Structures_ , _JCAP_ 02 (2021) 035 [2007.06905].
  * (52) A. Vijaykumar, M. V. S. Saketh, S. Kumar, P. Ajith and T. R. Choudhury, _Probing the large scale structure using gravitational-wave observations of binary black holes_ , [2005.01111].
  * (53) E. E. Flanagan and T. Hinderer, _Constraining neutron star tidal Love numbers with gravitational wave detectors_ , _Phys. Rev._ D77 (2008) 021502 [0709.1915].
  * (54) S. De, D. Finstad, J. M. Lattimer, D. A. Brown, E. Berger and C. M. Biwer, _Tidal Deformabilities and Radii of Neutron Stars from the Observation of GW170817_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 121 (2018) 091102 [1804.08583].
  * (55) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW170817: Measurements of neutron star radii and equation of state_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 121 (2018) 161101 [1805.11581].
  * (56) M. Nicholl, B. Margalit, P. Schmidt, G. P. Smith, E. J. Ridley and J. Nuttall, _Tight multimessenger constraints on the neutron star equation of state from GW170817 and a forward model for kilonova light-curve synthesis_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 505 (2021) 3016 [2102.02229].
  * (57) I. Tews, J. Margueron and S. Reddy, _Constraining the properties of dense matter and neutron stars by combining nuclear physics and gravitational waves from GW170817_ , _AIP Conf. Proc._ 2127 (2019) 020009 [1905.11212].
  * (58) C. A. Raithel, _Constraints on the Neutron Star Equation of State from GW170817_ , _Eur. Phys. J. A_ 55 (2019) 80 [1904.10002].
  * (59) Y. Lim and J. W. Holt, _Bayesian modeling of the nuclear equation of state for neutron star tidal deformabilities and GW170817_ , _Eur. Phys. J. A_ 55 (2019) 209 [1902.05502].
  * (60) T. Malik, N. Alam, M. Fortin, C. Providência, B. K. Agrawal, T. K. Jha et al., _GW170817: constraining the nuclear matter equation of state from the neutron star tidal deformability_ , _Phys. Rev. C_ 98 (2018) 035804 [1805.11963].
  * (61) I. Tews, J. Margueron and S. Reddy, _Critical examination of constraints on the equation of state of dense matter obtained from GW170817_ , _Phys. Rev. C_ 98 (2018) 045804 [1804.02783].
  * (62) D. Radice, A. Perego, F. Zappa and S. Bernuzzi, _GW170817: Joint Constraint on the Neutron Star Equation of State from Multimessenger Observations_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 852 (2018) L29 [1711.03647].
  * (63) LIGO Scientific, VIRGO, KAGRA collaboration, _GWTC-3: Compact Binary Coalescences Observed by LIGO and Virgo During the Second Part of the Third Observing Run_ , [2111.03606].
  * (64) M. R. Drout et al., _Light Curves of the Neutron Star Merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for R-Process Nucleosynthesis_ , _Science_ 358 (2017) 1570 [1710.05443].
  * (65) D. A. Coulter et al., _Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a), the Optical Counterpart to a Gravitational Wave Source_ , _Science_ (2017)  [1710.05452].
  * (66) P. S. Cowperthwaite et al., _The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L17 [1710.05840].
  * (67) D. Kasen, B. Metzger, J. Barnes, E. Quataert and E. Ramirez-Ruiz, _Origin of the heavy elements in binary neutron-star mergers from a gravitational wave event_ , _Nature_ (2017)  [1710.05463].
  * (68) DES, Dark Energy Camera GW-EM collaboration, _The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. I. Discovery of the Optical Counterpart Using the Dark Energy Camera_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L16 [1710.05459].
  * (69) S. Valenti, D. J. Sand, S. Yang, E. Cappellaro, L. Tartaglia, A. Corsi et al., _The discovery of the electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817: kilonova AT 2017gfo/DLT17ck_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L24 [1710.05854].
  * (70) I. Arcavi et al., _Optical emission from a kilonova following a gravitational-wave-detected neutron-star merger_ , _Nature_ 551 (2017) 64 [1710.05843].
  * (71) N. R. Tanvir et al., _The Emergence of a Lanthanide-Rich Kilonova Following the Merger of Two Neutron Stars_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L27 [1710.05455].
  * (72) V. M. Lipunov et al., _MASTER Optical Detection of the First LIGO/Virgo Neutron Star Binary Merger GW170817_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 850 (2017) L1 [1710.05461].
  * (73) P. A. Evans et al., _Swift and NuSTAR observations of GW170817: detection of a blue kilonova_ , _Science_ 358 (2017) 1565 [1710.05437].
  * (74) P. Creminelli and F. Vernizzi, _Dark Energy after GW170817 and GRB170817A_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 119 (2017) 251302 [1710.05877].
  * (75) J. M. Ezquiaga and M. Zumalacárregui, _Dark Energy After GW170817: Dead Ends and the Road Ahead_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 119 (2017) 251304 [1710.05901].
  * (76) K. Hotokezaka, E. Nakar, O. Gottlieb, S. Nissanke, K. Masuda, G. Hallinan et al., _A Hubble constant measurement from superluminal motion of the jet in GW170817_ , _Nature Astron._ 3 (2019) 940 [1806.10596].
  * (77) S. Mukherjee, A. Ghosh, M. J. Graham, C. Karathanasis, M. M. Kasliwal, I. Magaña Hernandez et al., _First measurement of the Hubble parameter from bright binary black hole GW190521_ , [2009.14199].
  * (78) H.-Y. Chen, M. Fishbach and D. E. Holz, _A two per cent Hubble constant measurement from standard sirens within five years_ , _Nature_ 562 (2018) 545 [1712.06531].
  * (79) S. Borhanian, A. Dhani, A. Gupta, K. G. Arun and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Dark Sirens to Resolve the Hubble–Lemaître Tension_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 905 (2020) L28 [2007.02883].
  * (80) S. Mukherjee, B. D. Wandelt, S. M. Nissanke and A. Silvestri, _Accurate precision Cosmology with redshift unknown gravitational wave sources_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 103 (2021) 043520 [2007.02943].
  * (81) B. Margalit and B. D. Metzger, _Constraining the Maximum Mass of Neutron Stars From Multi-Messenger Observations of GW170817_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 850 (2017) L19 [1710.05938].
  * (82) M. Ruiz, S. L. Shapiro and A. Tsokaros, _GW170817, General Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations, and the Neutron Star Maximum Mass_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 97 (2018) 021501 [1711.00473].
  * (83) E. R. Most, L. R. Weih, L. Rezzolla and J. Schaffner-Bielich, _New constraints on radii and tidal deformabilities of neutron stars from GW170817_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 120 (2018) 261103 [1803.00549].
  * (84) M. Shibata, E. Zhou, K. Kiuchi and S. Fujibayashi, _Constraint on the maximum mass of neutron stars using GW170817 event_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 023015 [1905.03656].
  * (85) D. A. Godzieba, D. Radice and S. Bernuzzi, _On the maximum mass of neutron stars and GW190814_ , _Astrophys. J._ 908 (2021) 122 [2007.10999].
  * (86) S. Clesse and J. García-Bellido, _The clustering of massive Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter: measuring their mass distribution with Advanced LIGO_ , _Phys. Dark Univ._ 15 (2017) 142 [1603.05234].
  * (87) M. Sasaki, T. Suyama, T. Tanaka and S. Yokoyama, _Primordial Black Hole Scenario for the Gravitational-Wave Event GW150914_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 117 (2016) 061101 [1603.08338].
  * (88) S. Bird, I. Cholis, J. B. Muñoz, Y. Ali-Haïmoud, M. Kamionkowski, E. D. Kovetz et al., _Did LIGO detect dark matter?_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 116 (2016) 201301 [1603.00464].
  * (89) B. Carr, F. Kuhnel and M. Sandstad, _Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 94 (2016) 083504 [1607.06077].
  * (90) A. Kashlinsky, _LIGO gravitational wave detection, primordial black holes and the near-IR cosmic infrared background anisotropies_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 823 (2016) L25 [1605.04023].
  * (91) R. Saito and J. Yokoyama, _Gravitational-Wave Constraints on the Abundance of Primordial Black Holes_ , _Prog. Theor. Phys._ 123 (2010) 867 [0912.5317].
  * (92) G. Franciolini, _Primordial Black Holes: from Theory to Gravitational Wave Observations_ , Ph.D. thesis, Geneva U., Dept. Theor. Phys., 2021.  [2110.06815].  10.13097/archive-ouverte/unige:156136.
  * (93) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW150914: Implications for the stochastic gravitational wave background from binary black holes_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 116 (2016) 131102 [1602.03847].
  * (94) T. Regimbau, M. Evans, N. Christensen, E. Katsavounidis, B. Sathyaprakash and S. Vitale, _Digging deeper: Observing primordial gravitational waves below the binary black hole produced stochastic background_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 118 (2017) 151105 [1611.08943].
  * (95) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _GW170817: Implications for the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Compact Binary Coalescences_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 120 (2018) 091101 [1710.05837].
  * (96) KAGRA, LIGO Scientific, VIRGO collaboration, _Prospects for Observing and Localizing Gravitational-Wave Transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA_ , _Living Rev. Rel._ 21 (2018) 3 [1304.0670].
  * (97) D. Reitze et al., _Cosmic Explorer: The U.S. Contribution to Gravitational-Wave Astronomy beyond LIGO_ , _Bull. Am. Astron. Soc._ 51 (2019) 035 [1907.04833].
  * (98) KAGRA collaboration, _KAGRA: 2.5 Generation Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector_ , _Nature Astron._ 3 (2019) 35 [1811.08079].
  * (99) KAGRA collaboration, _Overview of KAGRA: Detector design and construction history_ , [2005.05574].
  * (100) C. S. Unnikrishnan, _IndIGO and LIGO-India: Scope and plans for gravitational wave research and precision metrology in India_ , _Int. J. Mod. Phys. D_ 22 (2013) 1341010 [1510.06059].
  * (101) M. Saleem et al., _The Science Case for LIGO-India_ , [2105.01716].
  * (102) A. G. Riess, S. Casertano, W. Yuan, L. M. Macri and D. Scolnic, _Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond $\Lambda$CDM_, _Astrophys. J._ 876 (2019) 85 [1903.07603].
  * (103) LIGO collaboration, _A cryogenic silicon interferometer for gravitational-wave detection_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 37 (2020) 165003 [2001.11173].
  * (104) M. Punturo et al., _The Einstein Telescope: A third-generation gravitational wave observatory_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 27 (2010) 194002.
  * (105) S. Hild et al., _Sensitivity Studies for Third-Generation Gravitational Wave Observatories_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 28 (2011) 094013 [1012.0908].
  * (106) LIGO Scientific collaboration, _Exploring the Sensitivity of Next Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 34 (2017) 044001 [1607.08697].
  * (107) K. Ackley et al., _Neutron Star Extreme Matter Observatory: A kilohertz-band gravitational-wave detector in the global network_ , _Publ. Astron. Soc. Austral._ 37 (2020) e047 [2007.03128].
  * (108) B. S. Sathyaprakash, B. F. Schutz and C. Van Den Broeck, _Cosmography with the Einstein Telescope_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 27 (2010) 215006 [0906.4151].
  * (109) M. Punturo et al., _The third generation of gravitational wave observatories and their science reach_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 27 (2010) 084007.
  * (110) W. Zhao, C. Van Den Broeck, D. Baskaran and T. G. F. Li, _Determination of Dark Energy by the Einstein Telescope: Comparing with CMB, BAO and SNIa Observations_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 83 (2011) 023005 [1009.0206].
  * (111) B. Sathyaprakash et al., _Scientific Objectives of Einstein Telescope_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 29 (2012) 124013 [1206.0331].
  * (112) S. Vitale and M. Evans, _Parameter estimation for binary black holes with networks of third generation gravitational-wave detectors_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 95 (2017) 064052 [1610.06917].
  * (113) S. Vitale and C. Whittle, _Characterization of binary black holes by heterogeneous gravitational-wave networks_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 98 (2018) 024029 [1804.07866].
  * (114) R. X. Adhikari et al., _Astrophysical science metrics for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 36 (2019) 245010 [1905.02842].
  * (115) E. D. Hall and M. Evans, _Metrics for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 36 (2019) 225002 [1902.09485].
  * (116) B. S. Sathyaprakash et al., _Cosmology and the Early Universe_ , [1903.09260].
  * (117) B. S. Sathyaprakash et al., _Multimessenger Universe with Gravitational Waves from Binaries_ , [1903.09277].
  * (118) B. S. Sathyaprakash et al., _Extreme Gravity and Fundamental Physics_ , [1903.09221].
  * (119) V. Kalogera et al., _Deeper, Wider, Sharper: Next-Generation Ground-Based Gravitational-Wave Observations of Binary Black Holes_ , [1903.09220].
  * (120) M. Maggiore et al., _Science Case for the Einstein Telescope_ , _JCAP_ 03 (2020) 050 [1912.02622].
  * (121) M. Evans et al., _A Horizon Study for Cosmic Explorer: Science, Observatories, and Community_ , [2109.09882].
  * (122) M. Bailes et al., _Gravitational-wave physics and astronomy in the 2020s and 2030s_ , _Nature Rev. Phys._ 3 (2021) 344.
  * (123) V. Kalogera et al., _The Next Generation Global Gravitational Wave Observatory: The Science Book_ , [2111.06990].
  * (124) S. Borhanian, _gwbench : A novel Fisher information package for gravitational-wave benchmarking_, [2010.15202].
  * (125) L. Barsotti, L. McCuller, M.Evans and P. Fritschel, _The A+ Design Curve_ , (2018), https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-T1800042/public.
  * (126) LIGO Scientific, Virgo collaboration, _Population Properties of Compact Objects from the Second LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog_ , [2010.14533].
  * (127) C. Cutler and E. E. Flanagan, _Gravitational waves from merging compact binaries: How accurately can one extract the binary’s parameters from the inspiral wave form?_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 49 (1994) 2658 [gr-qc/9402014].
  * (128) E. Poisson and C. M. Will, _Gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries: Parameter estimation using second postNewtonian wave forms_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 52 (1995) 848 [gr-qc/9502040].
  * (129) R. Balasubramanian, B. Sathyaprakash and S. Dhurandhar, _Gravitational waves from coalescing binaries: Detection strategies and Monte Carlo estimation of parameters_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 53 (1996) 3033 [gr-qc/9508011].
  * (130) K. G. Arun, B. R. Iyer, B. S. Sathyaprakash and P. A. Sundararajan, _Parameter estimation of inspiralling compact binaries using 3.5 post-Newtonian gravitational wave phasing: The Non-spinning case_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 71 (2005) 084008 [gr-qc/0411146].
  * (131) LIGO Scientific Collaboration et al., _LSC Algorithm Library Suite_ , (2020), https://doi.org/10.7935/GT1W-FZ16.
  * (132) T. Dietrich, A. Samajdar, S. Khan, N. K. Johnson-McDaniel, R. Dudi and W. Tichy, _Improving the NRTidal model for binary neutron star systems_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 044003 [1905.06011].
  * (133) L. London, S. Khan, E. Fauchon-Jones, C. García, M. Hannam, S. Husa et al., _First higher-multipole model of gravitational waves from spinning and coalescing black-hole binaries_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 120 (2018) 161102 [1708.00404].
  * (134) L. P. Singer and L. R. Price, _Rapid Bayesian position reconstruction for gravitational-wave transients_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 93 (2016) 024013 [1508.03634].
  * (135) R. Magee and S. Borhanian, _Realistic observing scenarios for the next decade of early warning detection of binary neutron stars_ , [2201.11841].
  * (136) C. L. Rodriguez, I. Mandel and J. R. Gair, _Verifying the no-hair property of massive compact objects with intermediate-mass-ratio inspirals in advanced gravitational-wave detectors_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 85 (2012) 062002 [1112.1404].
  * (137) B. S. Sathyaprakash and B. F. Schutz, _Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology with Gravitational Waves_ , _Living Rev. Rel._ 12 (2009) 2 [0903.0338].
  * (138) S. Dhurandar and M. Tinto, _Astronomical observations with a network of detectors of gravitational waves – I. Mathematical framework and solution of the five detector problem_ , _Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society_ 234 (1988) 663.
  * (139) M. Tinto, _Antenna patterns of interferometric detectors of gravitational waves – II. Elliptically and randomly polarized waves_ , _Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society_ 226 (1987) 829.
  * (140) L. S. Finn, _The Response of interferometric gravitational wave detectors_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 79 (2009) 022002 [0810.4529].
  * (141) L. Blanchet, _Gravitational Radiation from Post-Newtonian Sources and Inspiralling Compact Binaries_ , _Living Rev. Rel._ 17 (2014) 2 [1310.1528].
  * (142) M. L. Chan, C. Messenger, I. S. Heng and M. Hendry, _Binary Neutron Star Mergers and Third Generation Detectors: Localization and Early Warning_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 97 (2018) 123014 [1803.09680].
  * (143) H.-Y. Chen, D. E. Holz, J. Miller, M. Evans, S. Vitale and J. Creighton, _Distance measures in gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 38 (2021) 055010 [1709.08079].
  * (144) K. Belczynski, D. E. Holz, T. Bulik and R. O’Shaughnessy, _The first gravitational-wave source from the isolated evolution of two 40-100 Msun stars_ , _Nature_ 534 (2016) 512 [1602.04531].
  * (145) P. Madau, H. C. Ferguson, M. E. Dickinson, M. Giavalisco, C. C. Steidel and A. Fruchter, _High redshift galaxies in the hubble deep field. color selection and star formation history to z=4_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 283 (1996) 1388 [astro-ph/9607172].
  * (146) A. M. Hopkins and J. F. Beacom, _On the normalisation of the cosmic star formation history_ , _Astrophys. J._ 651 (2006) 142 [astro-ph/0601463].
  * (147) M. A. Fardal, N. Katz, D. H. Weinberg and R. Dav’e, _On the Evolutionary History of Stars and their Fossil Mass and Light_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 379 (2007) 985 [astro-ph/0604534].
  * (148) S. M. Wilkins, N. Trentham and A. M. Hopkins, _The Evolution of Stellar Mass and the Implied Star Formation History_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 385 (2008) 687 [0801.1594].
  * (149) P. Madau and M. Dickinson, _Cosmic Star Formation History_ , _Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys._ 52 (2014) 415 [1403.0007].
  * (150) J. A. de Freitas Pacheco, T. Regimbau, S. Vincent and A. Spallicci, _Expected coalescence rates of ns-ns binaries for laser beam interferometers_ , _Int. J. Mod. Phys. D_ 15 (2006) 235 [astro-ph/0510727].
  * (151) T. Regimbau et al., _A Mock Data Challenge for the Einstein Gravitational-Wave Telescope_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 86 (2012) 122001 [1201.3563].
  * (152) V. Sahni and A. A. Starobinsky, _The Case for a positive cosmological Lambda term_ , _Int. J. Mod. Phys. D_ 9 (2000) 373 [astro-ph/9904398].
  * (153) M. Safarzadeh and E. Berger, _Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. I. Through Scaling Relations of the Host Galaxies of Gravitational Wave Events_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 878 (2019) L12 [1904.08436].
  * (154) M. Safarzadeh, E. Berger, K. K. Y. Ng, H.-Y. Chen, S. Vitale, C. Whittle et al., _Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. II. Using the redshift distribution from third-generation gravitational wave detectors network_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 878 (2019) L13 [1904.10976].
  * (155) M. Safarzadeh, E. Berger, J. Leja and J. S. Speagle, _Measuring the delay time distribution of binary neutron stars. III. Using the individual star formation histories of gravitational wave event host galaxies in the local universe_ , [1905.04310].
  * (156) K. K. Y. Ng, S. Vitale, W. M. Farr and C. L. Rodriguez, _Probing multiple populations of compact binaries with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors_ , [2012.09876].
  * (157) _Rubin Observatory System & LSST Survey Key Numbers_, (2022), https://www.lsst.org/scientists/keynumbers.
  * (158) _Euclid Technical Details_ , https://www.euclid.caltech.edu/page/technical-details.
  * (159) _Roman Space Telescope: Wide-Field Instrument_ , https://roman.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/WFI_technical.html.
  * (160) _Chandra X-ray Observatory_ , https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/chandra/chandra.html.
  * (161) _30m–Telescope_ , https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/2011
/feedgiant/presentations/Davidge.pdf.

  * (162) _Keck_ , https://www.ucobservatories.org/projects_at/fobos/.
  * (163) _VLT_ , https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal
/decommissioned/vimos.html.

  * (164) _ELT_ , https://elt.eso.org/about/facts/.
  * (165) _GMT_ , https://www.gmto.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/
Instrumentation-progress-at-the-Giant-Magellan-Telescope-project.pdf.

  * (166) _Swift–XRT_ , https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heasarc
/caldb/swift/docs/xrt/XRT_SPIE_2003_final.pdf.

  * (167) _Lynx_ , https://www.lynxobservatory.com/mission.
  * (168) _HST–WFC3_ , https://www.nasa.gov/content/hubble-space-telescope-wide-field-camera-3.
  * (169) _Athena_ , https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.6785.
  * (170) L. P. Singer et al., _Going the Distance: Mapping Host Galaxies of LIGO and Virgo Sources in Three Dimensions Using Local Cosmography and Targeted Follow-up_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 829 (2016) L15 [1603.07333].
  * (171) LIGO Scientific, Virgo, Fermi-GBM, INTEGRAL collaboration, _Gravitational Waves and Gamma-rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L13 [1710.05834].
  * (172) M. Ajello et al., _Fermi-LAT Observations of LIGO/Virgo Event GW170817_ , _Astrophys. J._ 861 (2018) 85.
  * (173) V. Savchenko et al., _INTEGRAL Detection of the First Prompt Gamma-Ray Signal Coincident with the Gravitational-wave Event GW170817_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 848 (2017) L15 [1710.05449].
  * (174) (2017), https://gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov/other/G298048.gcn3.
  * (175) S. Sachdev et al., _An Early-warning System for Electromagnetic Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Events_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 905 (2020) L25 [2008.04288].
  * (176) K. Cannon et al., _Toward Early-Warning Detection of Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Coalescence_ , _Astrophys. J._ 748 (2012) 136 [1107.2665].
  * (177) T. Tsutsui, A. Nishizawa and S. Morisaki, _Early warning of precessing compact binary merger with third-generation gravitational-wave detectors_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 104 (2021) 064013 [2011.06130].
  * (178) S. J. Kapadia, M. K. Singh, M. A. Shaikh, D. Chatterjee and P. Ajith, _Of Harbingers and Higher Modes: Improved gravitational-wave early-warning of compact binary mergers_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 898 (2020) L39 [2005.08830].
  * (179) M. K. Singh, S. J. Kapadia, M. A. Shaikh, D. Chatterjee and P. Ajith, _Improved early warning of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation: A population study_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 502 (2021) 1612 [2010.12407].
  * (180) T. Tsutsui, A. Nishizawa and S. Morisaki, _Early warning of precessing neutron-star black-hole binary mergers with the near-future gravitational-wave detectors_ , [2107.12531].
  * (181) Y. Li, I. S. Heng, M. L. Chan, C. Messenger and X. Fan, _Exploring the sky localization and early warning capabilities of third generation gravitational wave detectors in three-detector network configurations_ , [2109.07389].
  * (182) A. H. Nitz and T. Dal Canton, _Pre-merger Localization of Compact-binary Mergers with Third-generation Observatories_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 917 (2021) L27 [2106.15259].
  * (183) M. K. Singh, Divyajyoti, S. J. Kapadia, M. A. Shaikh and P. Ajith, _Improved early-warning estimates of luminosity distance and orbital inclination of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation_ , [2202.05802].
  * (184) R. Magee et al., _First demonstration of early warning gravitational wave alerts_ , _Astrophys. J. Lett._ 910 (2021) L21 [2102.04555].
  * (185) H. Yu, R. X. Adhikari, R. Magee, S. Sachdev and Y. Chen, _Early warning of coalescing neutron-star and neutron-star-black-hole binaries from the nonstationary noise background using neural networks_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 104 (2021) 062004 [2104.09438].
  * (186) B. S. Sathyaprakash and S. V. Dhurandhar, _Choice of filters for the detection of gravitational waves from coalescing binaries_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 44 (1991) 3819.
  * (187) W. Israel, _Event horizons in static vacuum space-times_ , _Phys. Rev._ 164 (1967) 1776.
  * (188) B. Carter, _Axisymmetric Black Hole Has Only Two Degrees of Freedom_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 26 (1971) 331.
  * (189) O. Dreyer, B. J. Kelly, B. Krishnan, L. S. Finn, D. Garrison and R. Lopez-Aleman, _Black hole spectroscopy: Testing general relativity through gravitational wave observations_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 21 (2004) 787 [gr-qc/0309007].
  * (190) E. Berti, J. Cardoso, V. Cardoso and M. Cavaglia, _Matched-filtering and parameter estimation of ringdown waveforms_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 76 (2007) 104044 [0707.1202].
  * (191) S. Gossan, J. Veitch and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Bayesian model selection for testing the no-hair theorem with black hole ringdowns_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 85 (2012) 124056 [1111.5819].
  * (192) I. Kamaretsos, M. Hannam, S. Husa and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Black-hole hair loss: learning about binary progenitors from ringdown signals_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 85 (2012) 024018 [1107.0854].
  * (193) I. Kamaretsos, M. Hannam and B. Sathyaprakash, _Is black-hole ringdown a memory of its progenitor?_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 109 (2012) 141102 [1207.0399].
  * (194) L. London, D. Shoemaker and J. Healy, _Modeling ringdown: Beyond the fundamental quasinormal modes_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 90 (2014) 124032 [1404.3197].
  * (195) M. Giesler, M. Isi, M. A. Scheel and S. Teukolsky, _Black Hole Ringdown: The Importance of Overtones_ , _Phys. Rev. X_ 9 (2019) 041060 [1903.08284].
  * (196) S. Bhagwat, X. J. Forteza, P. Pani and V. Ferrari, _Ringdown overtones, black hole spectroscopy, and no-hair theorem tests_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 101 (2020) 044033 [1910.08708].
  * (197) I. Ota and C. Chirenti, _Overtones or higher harmonics? Prospects for testing the no-hair theorem with gravitational wave detections_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 101 (2020) 104005 [1911.00440].
  * (198) A. Dhani, _Importance of mirror modes in binary black hole ringdown waveform_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 103 (2021) 104048 [2010.08602].
  * (199) A. Dhani and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Overtones, mirror modes, and mode-mixing in binary black hole mergers_ , [2107.14195].
  * (200) R. Cotesta, G. Carullo, E. Berti and V. Cardoso, _On the detection of ringdown overtones in GW150914_ , [2201.00822].
  * (201) S. Dhanpal, A. Ghosh, A. K. Mehta, P. Ajith and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _A no-hair test for binary black holes_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 99 (2019) 104056 [1804.03297].
  * (202) T. Islam, A. K. Mehta, A. Ghosh, V. Varma, P. Ajith and B. S. Sathyaprakash, _Testing the no-hair nature of binary black holes using the consistency of multipolar gravitational radiation_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 101 (2020) 024032 [1910.14259].
  * (203) J. M. Lattimer, _Equation of State from Neutron Star Mass and Radius Measurements_ , _JPS Conf. Proc._ 31 (2020) 011021.
  * (204) T. Hinderer, B. D. Lackey, R. N. Lang and J. S. Read, _Tidal deformability of neutron stars with realistic equations of state and their gravitational wave signatures in binary inspiral_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 81 (2010) 123016 [0911.3535].
  * (205) T. Damour, A. Nagar and L. Villain, _Measurability of the tidal polarizability of neutron stars in late-inspiral gravitational-wave signals_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 85 (2012) 123007 [1203.4352].
  * (206) W. Kastaun and F. Ohme, _Finite tidal effects in GW170817: Observational evidence or model assumptions?_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 103023 [1909.12718].
  * (207) D. A. Godzieba, R. Gamba, D. Radice and S. Bernuzzi, _Updated universal relations for tidal deformabilities of neutron stars from phenomenological equations of state_ , [2012.12151].
  * (208) R. Smith et al., _Bayesian Inference for Gravitational Waves from Binary Neutron Star Mergers in Third Generation Observatories_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 127 (2021) 081102 [2103.12274].
  * (209) K. Takami, L. Rezzolla and L. Baiotti, _Constraining the Equation of State of Neutron Stars from Binary Mergers_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 113 (2014) 091104 [1403.5672].
  * (210) S. Bose, K. Chakravarti, L. Rezzolla, B. S. Sathyaprakash and K. Takami, _Neutron-star Radius from a Population of Binary Neutron Star Mergers_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 120 (2018) 031102 [1705.10850].
  * (211) M. Breschi, S. Bernuzzi, F. Zappa, M. Agathos, A. Perego, D. Radice et al., _kiloHertz gravitational waves from binary neutron star remnants: time-domain model and constraints on extreme matter_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 100 (2019) 104029 [1908.11418].
  * (212) P. J. Easter, S. Ghonge, P. D. Lasky, A. R. Casey, J. A. Clark, F. H. Vivanco et al., _Detection and parameter estimation of binary neutron star merger remnants_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 102 (2020) 043011 [2006.04396].
  * (213) M. Shibata, K. Taniguchi and K. Uryu, _Merger of binary neutron stars with realistic equations of state in full general relativity_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 71 (2005) 084021 [gr-qc/0503119].
  * (214) M. Shibata, K. Taniguchi and K. Uryu, _Merger of binary neutron stars of unequal mass in full general relativity_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 68 (2003) 084020 [gr-qc/0310030].
  * (215) M. Prakash, J. R. Cooke and J. M. Lattimer, _Quark - hadron phase transition in protoneutron stars_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 52 (1995) 661.
  * (216) E. R. Most, L. J. Papenfort, V. Dexheimer, M. Hanauske, S. Schramm, H. Stöcker et al., _Signatures of quark-hadron phase transitions in general-relativistic neutron-star mergers_ , _Phys. Rev. Lett._ 122 (2019) 061101 [1807.03684].
  * (217) S. Blacker, N.-U. F. Bastian, A. Bauswein, D. B. Blaschke, T. Fischer, M. Oertel et al., _Constraining the onset density of the hadron-quark phase transition with gravitational-wave observations_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 102 (2020) 123023 [2006.03789].
  * (218) V. Srivastava, D. Davis, K. Kuns, P. Landry, S. Ballmer, M. Evans et al., _Science-Driven Tunable Design of Cosmic Explorer Detectors_ , [2201.10668].
  * (219) C. M. Will, _The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment_ , _Living Rev. Rel._ 17 (2014) 4 [1403.7377].
  * (220) E. Berti et al., _Testing General Relativity with Present and Future Astrophysical Observations_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 32 (2015) 243001 [1501.07274].
  * (221) N. Yunes and X. Siemens, _Gravitational-Wave Tests of General Relativity with Ground-Based Detectors and Pulsar Timing-Arrays_ , _Living Rev. Rel._ 16 (2013) 9 [1304.3473].
  * (222) W. G. Unruh and R. M. Wald, _Information Loss_ , _Rept. Prog. Phys._ 80 (2017) 092002 [1703.02140].
  * (223) S. W. Hawking, _Breakdown of Predictability in Gravitational Collapse_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 14 (1976) 2460.
  * (224) Supernova Search Team collaboration, _Observational evidence from supernovae for an accelerating universe and a cosmological constant_ , _Astron. J._ 116 (1998) 1009 [astro-ph/9805201].
  * (225) Supernova Cosmology Project collaboration, _Measurements of $\Omega$ and $\Lambda$ from 42 high redshift supernovae_, _Astrophys. J._ 517 (1999) 565 [astro-ph/9812133].
  * (226) S. W. Hawking and R. Penrose, _The Singularities of gravitational collapse and cosmology_ , _Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A_ 314 (1970) 529.
  * (227) S. E. Perkins, N. Yunes and E. Berti, _Probing Fundamental Physics with Gravitational Waves: The Next Generation_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 103 (2021) 044024 [2010.09010].
  * (228) A. Ghosh et al., _Testing general relativity using golden black-hole binaries_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 94 (2016) 021101 [1602.02453].
  * (229) A. Ghosh, N. K. Johnson-Mcdaniel, A. Ghosh, C. K. Mishra, P. Ajith, W. Del Pozzo et al., _Testing general relativity using gravitational wave signals from the inspiral, merger and ringdown of binary black holes_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 35 (2018) 014002 [1704.06784].
  * (230) M. Abernathy et al., _Einstein Gravitational-Wave Telescope: Conceptual Design Study_.  Available at: https://tds.virgo-gw.eu/?call_file=ET-0106C-10.pdf, (2010).
  * (231) X. Zhang, J. Yu, T. Liu, W. Zhao and A. Wang, _Testing Brans-Dicke gravity using the Einstein telescope_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 95 (2017) 124008 [1703.09853].
  * (232) K. G. Arun and C. M. Will, _Bounding the mass of the graviton with gravitational waves: Effect of higher harmonics in gravitational waveform templates_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 26 (2009) 155002 [0904.1190].
  * (233) A. Samajdar and K. G. Arun, _Projected constraints on the dispersion of gravitational waves using advanced ground- and space-based interferometers_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 96 (2017) 104027 [1708.00671].
  * (234) D. Schaerer, _On the Properties of massive population III stars and metal-free stellar populations_ , _Astron. Astrophys._ 382 (2002) 28 [astro-ph/0110697].
  * (235) Z.-C. Chen and Q.-G. Huang, _Distinguishing Primordial Black Holes from Astrophysical Black Holes by Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer_ , _JCAP_ 08 (2020) 039 [1904.02396].
  * (236) K. K. Y. Ng, S. Chen, B. Goncharov, U. Dupletsa, S. Borhanian, M. Branchesi et al., _On the single-event-based identification of primordial black hole mergers at cosmological distances_ , [2108.07276].
  * (237) S. Clesse and J. García-Bellido, _Massive Primordial Black Holes from Hybrid Inflation as Dark Matter and the seeds of Galaxies_ , _Phys. Rev. D_ 92 (2015) 023524 [1501.07565].
  * (238) J. García-Bellido, _Massive Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter and their detection with Gravitational Waves_ , _J. Phys. Conf. Ser._ 840 (2017) 012032 [1702.08275].
  * (239) M. Volonteri, F. Haardt and P. Madau, _The Assembly and merging history of supermassive black holes in hierarchical models of galaxy formation_ , _Astrophys. J._ 582 (2003) 559 [astro-ph/0207276].
  * (240) P. Natarajan et al., _Disentangling nature from nurture: tracing the origin of seed black holes_ , [1904.09326].
  * (241) L. Barack et al., _Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap_ , _Class. Quant. Grav._ 36 (2019) 143001 [1806.05195].
  * (242) M. Volonteri, _Formation of Supermassive Black Holes_ , _Astron. Astrophys. Rev._ 18 (2010) 279 [1003.4404].
  * (243) R. Valiante, M. Colpi, R. Schneider, A. Mangiagli, M. Bonetti, G. Cerini et al., _Unveiling early black hole growth with multifrequency gravitational wave observations_ , _Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc._ 500 (2020) 4095 [2010.15096].
  * (244) M. Volonteri, M. Habouzit and M. Colpi, _The origins of massive black holes_ , _Nature Rev. Phys._ 3 (2021) 732 [2110.10175].