HIN-18-020

HIN-18-020

# Measurement of $\PQb$ jet shapes in proton-proton collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=5.02\TeV$

###### Abstract

We present the first study of charged-hadron production associated with jets
originating from $\PQb$ quarks in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass
energy of 5.02. The data sample used in this study was collected with the CMS
detector at the CERN LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 27.4.
To characterize the jet substructure, the differential jet shapes, defined as
the normalized transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons as a
function of angular distance from the jet axis, are measured for $\PQb$ jets.
In addition to the jet shapes, the per-jet yields of charged particles
associated with $\PQb$ jets are also quantified, again as a function of the
angular distance with respect to the jet axis. Extracted jet shape and
particle yield distributions for $\PQb$ jets are compared with results for
inclusive jets, as well as with the predictions from the and event generators.

##  0.1 Introduction

Jets, the collimated showers of particles produced by fragmentation and
hadronization of hard-scattered quarks or gluons, are long established
experimental probes for studies of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) [1]. The
internal structure of the jet, defined by the energy, momentum, and spatial
distribution of its constituents, is sensitive to the details of the evolution
from an initial hard scattering through fragmentation and hadronization into
observable hadrons in the final state. The angular distributions of
constituent particle yields and jet shapes, studied in this work, are affected
by parton fragmentation and hadronization processes. At high transverse
momenta ($\pt$) with respect to the beam direction in the core of the jet, the
dominant contribution to these distributions is set by the initial branching
of the hard scattered parton which is calculable in perturbative QCD (pQCD).
However, for lower particles and those at larger radial distances from the jet
direction, higher order corrections and nonperturbative processes become of
major importance. Characterizing the effect of these additional contributions
on the internal structure of jets remains challenging for theoretical
calculations [2, 3, 4].

In this paper, the internal structure of jets is studied at the charged
particle level using the data from proton-proton ($\Pp\Pp$) collisions at a
center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=5.02\TeV$. These data, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 27.4, were collected by the CMS experiment in 2015.
For this study, $\PQb$ jets are defined by the presence of at least one $\PQb$
quark, which is inferred from the properties of $\PQb$ hadron decays. A $\PQb$
jet sample selected via a combined secondary vertex (CSV) discriminator [5],
is composed of jets initiated by a single bottom quark, as well as of a
contribution from $\PQb\PAQb$ pairs produced from gluon splitting. Jet-
correlated charged particle transverse momentum distributions, referred to as
jet shapes, are measured as a function of radial distance $\Delta
r=\sqrt{\smash[b]{(\Delta\eta)^{2}+(\Delta\phi)^{2}}}$ from the jet axis. Here
$\Delta\eta=\eta^{\text{jet}}-\eta^{\text{trk}}$ and
$\Delta\phi=\phi^{\text{jet}}-\phi^{\text{trk}}$ are the pseudorapidity and
azimuthal differences between the jet axis and a given charged particle,
respectively. To extend the jet shape measurements further into the region
where nonperturbative effects dominate, we use a jet-track correlation
technique [6, 7]. This method has been shown to reliably subtract the part of
the event unrelated to the hard scattering (the underlying event), as well as
the contribution of additional pp interactions in the same or nearby bunch
crossings (pileup). We study the -differential distributions of jet shapes and
particle yields for $\PQb$ jets. By comparing these measurements with the
results for inclusive jets and with [8] and [9, 10] simulations for the $\PQb$
jet and inclusive jet shapes at large angles from the jet axis, this study
provides new constraints on pQCD calculations, as well as on the
nonperturbative contribution to jet shapes. This measurement also constitutes
a baseline for future measurement of the same observable at the same per-
nucleon center-of-mass energy in PbPb collisions, which will probe the parton
flavor dependence of the interaction of jets with the quark-gluon plasma [11]
that is created in high energy heavy-ion collisions.

##  0.2 The CMS detector

The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a superconducting solenoid of 6m
internal diameter, providing a magnetic field of 3.8T. Within the solenoid
volume are a silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead tungstate crystal
electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), and a brass and scintillator hadron
calorimeter (HCAL), each composed of barrel and endcap sections. Two forward
hadron (HF) steel and quartz-fiber calorimeters complement the barrel and
endcap detectors, extending the calorimeter from the range $\abs{\eta}<3.0$ to
$\abs{\eta}<5.2$. Events of interest are selected using a two-tiered trigger
system [12].

In the region $\abs{\eta}<1.74$, the HCAL cells have widths of 0.087 in both
pseudorapidity $\eta$ and azimuth $\phi$. Within the central barrel region of
$\abs{\eta}<1.48$, the HCAL cells map onto $5\times 5$ ECAL crystal arrays to
form calorimeter towers projecting radially outwards from the nominal
interaction point. Within each tower, the energy deposits in ECAL and HCAL
cells are summed to define the calorimeter tower energies, which are
subsequently used in the particle flow algorithm to reconstruct the jet
energies and directions [13]. In this work, jets are reconstructed within the
$\eta$ range of $\abs{\eta}<1.6$.

The silicon tracker measures charged particles within $\abs{\eta}<2.5$. It
consists of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148 silicon strip detector modules. For
nonisolated particles with $1<\pt<10\GeV$ in the barrel region, the track
resolutions are typically 1.5% in and 25–90 (45–150)in the impact parameter
direction transverse (longitudinal) to the colliding beams [14]. A detailed
description of the CMS detector, together with a definition of the coordinate
system used and the relevant kinematic variables, can be found in Ref. [15].

##  0.3 Event selection and simulated event samples

The data used in this analysis were taken in a special low-luminosity running
period in which there were reduced levels of pileup (approximately 1.5 events
per bunch crossing assuming a total inelastic cross section of 65 [16]). The
jet samples are collected with a calorimeter-based trigger that uses the anti-
jet clustering algorithm with a distance parameter of $R=0.4$ [17]. This
trigger requires events to contain at least one jet with $\pt>80\GeV$, and is
fully efficient for events containing jets with reconstructed $\pt>90\GeV$.
The data selected by this trigger are referred to as ”jet-triggered” and are
used to study the jet-related particle yields and for data-driven estimation
of acceptance effects via an event mixing technique as described in Section
0.5. To reduce contamination from non-collision events, such as calorimeter
noise and beam-gas collisions, vertex and noise reduction selections are
applied as described in Refs. [18, 19]. These selections include a requirement
for events to contain at least $3\GeV$ of energy in one of the calorimeter
towers in the HF on each side of the interaction point, and to have a primary
vertex (PV) with at least two tracks which are consistent with originating
from the same vertex within 15cm of the center of the nominal interaction
region along the beam axis ($\abs{v_{z}}<15\unit{cm}$).

Monte Carlo (MC) simulated event samples are used to evaluate the performance
of the event reconstruction, particularly the track reconstruction efficiency,
and the jet energy response and resolution. The MC samples of two different
tunes (version 6.424 with the Z2 tune [20] and version 8.230 with the CP5 tune
[21]) were used to simulate the hard scattering, the parton showering, and the
hadronization of the partons. A sample of jets in MC simulations is obtained
from the inclusive simulated QCD jet sample by selecting the jets that are
matching to a generator-level $\PQb$ quark within a cone of radius $\Delta
R=0.3$ [22]. The jets from gluon splitting to $\PQb\PAQb$ are considered as
$\PQb$ jets based on this flavour definition. The (10.02p02) [23] toolkit is
used to simulate the CMS detector response. An additional reweighting
procedure is performed to match the simulated $v_{z}$ distribution to that
observed in data. Another QCD jet MC sample is generated using the 2.7.1 with
the EE5C tune [20] and is also used as a theoretical reference.

##  0.4 Jet and track reconstruction

Jets are reconstructed offline from the particle-flow (PF) candidates [24],
clustered using the anti-algorithm [17, 25] with a distance parameter of
$R=0.4$. The PF candidates are reconstructed by the PF algorithm, which aims
to reconstruct and identify each particle in an event, with an optimized
combination of information from the various elements of the CMS detector.
Simulation-derived corrections have been applied to the reconstructed jets to
correct the measured energy distortion arising from the limited detector
resolution, to the particle level [13, 26]. Jets with $\pt>120\GeV$ and
$\abs{\eta}<1.6$ are selected to be consistent with a previous study [7].

A widely used type of the jet axis, the anti-E-Scheme jet axis, is calculated
by merging all the jet candidates, as well as input particles to the jet
clustering by simply adding the four-momenta during the clustering procedure
in the anti-algorithm [27]. However, the jet axis for this work is re-
calculated by the winner-takes-all recombination scheme [28, 29], which is
applied to the constituents found by the nominal anti-E-Scheme algorithm for
this jet.

The $\PQb$ jet candidates for this work are selected by the CSV discriminator
[22, 14]. The CSV discriminator is a multivariate classifier that makes use of
information about reconstructed secondary vertices (SV) as well as the impact
parameters of the associated tracks with respect to the primary vertex, to
discriminate $\PQb$ jets from charm-flavor and light-flavor jets. The working
point selected for this analysis leads to a 65% $\PQb$ jet selection
efficiency and 69% purity (the $\PQb$ jet fraction of all jets that passed the
CSV selection criteria) from the multijet sample (referring to the background
of charm jets and light jets). Possible differences in the purity between data
and MC are assessed using a negative-tag technique [5]. This technique selects
non-$\PQb$ jets using the same variables and techniques as the standard CSV
algorithm both in data and the simulation to extract a scale factor, which
indicates the data-to-MC difference. A correction for a bias resulting from
the discriminator is discussed in Section 0.5.

In both data and simulation, charged particles are reconstructed using an
iterative tracking method [14] based on the hit information from both the
pixel and silicon strip subdetectors, permitting the reconstruction of charged
particles within $\abs{\eta}<2.4$. The tracking efficiency ranges from
approximately 90% at $\pt=1\GeV$ to no less than 90% for $\pt>10\GeV$. Tracks
with $\pt>1.0\GeV$ and $\abs{\eta}<2.4$ are used in this study.

##  0.5 Jet-track angular correlations

To study the distributions of the charged particles associated with jets, a
two-dimensional (2D) array of the $\Delta\eta$ and $\Delta\phi$ values of the
tracks relative to the jet axis were produced. This is computed for six bins
of $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ bounded by the values 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 300. Each
of these 2D correlations is normalized by $N_{\text{jets}}$, the number of
jets in the sample. This procedure, the same one as used in Ref. [30], creates
a per-jet averaged $\Delta\eta$-$\Delta\phi$ distribution of raw charged
particle densities for each $\pt^{\text{trk}}$:

$RS(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)=\frac{1}{N_{\text{jets}}}\frac{{\rd}^{2}N^{\text{same}}}{{\rd}\Delta\eta{\rd}\Delta\phi},$
(1)

where $N^{\text{same}}$ represents the yield of jet-track pairs from the same
event. For the jet shape measurements, the 2D correlations are weighted by
$\pt^{\text{trk}}$ on a per-track basis, producing a per-jet averaged
$\Delta\eta$-$\Delta\phi$ distribution of $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ with respect to
the jet axis direction.

An event mixing method [7] is applied following the construction of the raw 2D
correlations $RS(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ to account for the shape of single
inclusive jet and track distributions and the effects of the detector
acceptance for tracks. For this correction, a mixed-event pair distribution
$ME(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ is constructed by using the jets from one event
and the tracks from a different event, matched in the vertex position along
the beam axis in 1 cm bins:

$ME(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)=\frac{1}{N_{\text{jets}}}\frac{\rd^{2}N^{\text{mix}}}{\rd\Delta\eta\rd\Delta\phi},$
(2)

where $N^{\text{mix}}$ represents the number of jet-track pairs from the
mixed-event.

The per-jet associated yield is corrected for the jet-track pair efficiency
via the following relation:

$S(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)=\frac{1}{N_{\text{jets}}}\frac{\rd^{2}N}{\rd\Delta\eta{\rd}\Delta\phi}=\frac{ME(0,0)}{ME(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)}RS(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi).$
(3)

The ratio $ME(0,0)/ME(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ is the normalized correction
factor and $ME(0,0)$ is the mixed event yield for jet-track pairs that are
approximately collinear and hence have the maximum pair acceptance.

The signal of $\PQb$-tagged jets $S_{\text{tag}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ is
then corrected for residual light-flavor jet contamination. We use an approach
partially relying on data for the decontamination procedure, expressed via the
following equation:

$S_{\text{decont}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)=\frac{S_{\text{tag}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)-(1-c_{\text{purity}})S_{\text{mistagged}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)}{c_{\text{purity}}},$
(4)

where the $S_{\text{decont}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ and
$S_{\text{mistagged}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ are signals of the
(decontaminated) $\PQb$ jets and the mistagged light-flavor jets,
respectively. The $S_{\text{mistagged}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ is
approximated by the inclusive jet-track correlation signal
$S_{\text{inclusive}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$ from the data, with a
modification for simulating the jet multiplicity bias that is discussed later
in this section. The purity $c_{\text{purity}}$ is defined as the ratio of the
number of tagged true jets to the number of jets tagged by the CSV
discriminator in simulations.

The resulting decontaminated signal $S_{\text{decont}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$
has the residual underlying event contribution and uncorrelated backgrounds
from tracks unrelated to selected jets. These backgrounds are then removed in
a data-driven manner by using the measured charged-particle yields far from
the jet axis in a large-$\Delta\eta$ region. The $\Delta\phi$ distribution
averaged over $1.5<\abs{\Delta\eta}<2.5$ is used to estimate the $\Delta\phi$
dependence of the background contribution to the correlations over the entire
$\abs{\Delta\eta}<4.0$ region and is subtracted from the signal
$S_{\text{decont}}(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$. After that, the background-
subtracted signal pair distribution $S(\Delta r)$, as a function of radius
$\Delta r$ is obtained from the integration of the corrected signal pair
$S(\Delta\eta,\Delta\phi)$, over a ring area with radius $\Delta r$.

The discriminator used for $\PQb$ tagging relies on the properties of the SVs
associated with the jet as input, therefore biasing the jet selection towards
jets with a better SV or tracking resolution. This bias, though slight, is
present in distributions for both true $\PQb$ jets selected by the tagger, and
in the mistagged light-flavor jets contaminating the sample. We calculate
corrections for the tagging bias as a function of $\Delta r$ from MC
simulation by constructing the following per-jet normalized ratios of radial
distributions:

$\displaystyle B_{\text{mis}}(\Delta r)$
$\displaystyle=S_{\text{inclusive}}(\Delta r)/S_{\text{mistagged}}(\Delta r),$
(5) $\displaystyle B_{\PQb}(\Delta r)$
$\displaystyle=S_{\operatorname{all-\PQb}}(\Delta
r)/S_{\operatorname{tagged-\PQb}}(\Delta r),$

where $S_{\text{mistagged}}(\Delta r)$, $S_{\text{inclusive}}(\Delta r)$,
$S_{\operatorname{all-\PQb}}(\Delta r)$, and
$S_{\operatorname{tagged-\PQb}}(\Delta r)$ represent the signal of tracks
correlated with the mistagged jets, inclusive light-flavor jets, and $\PQb$
jets, and the tagged $\PQb$ jets, respectively. This bin-by-bin correction is
applied to the background-subtracted signal $S_{\text{decont}}$ to remove the
tagging bias.

Finally, simulation-based corrections are applied to account for the jet axis
resolution, tracking reconstruction efficiency, and the bias in the charged
particle yield and jet shapes that comes from the $\PQb$-tagging
discriminator. A large fraction of tracks associated with $\PQb$ jets
originate from an SV and have a slightly different reconstruction efficiency
from that of tracks originating from a PV. Therefore, we derive the efficiency
corrections as a function of track and radial distance $\Delta r$ from the MC
$\PQb$ jet simulation by taking the ratio of correlated signals built with
reconstructed tracks over those with generated tracks. This bin-by-bin
correction has been applied to the signal data distributions obtained in the
previous step accordingly. All of these procedures correct the data to a
particle level which can be compared with theoretical calculations directly.

The fully corrected 2D correlations are integrated over annular rings in the
$\Delta\eta$-$\Delta\phi$ plane (as illustrated in [31]) to study
distributions of charged-particle yields $Y(\Delta r)$:

$Y(\Delta r)=\frac{1}{N_{\text{jets}}}\frac{{\rd}^{2}N_{\text{trk}}}{\rd\Delta
r{\rd}\pt^{\text{trk}}}$ (6)

with respect to the jet axis as a function of $\Delta r$ for $\PQb$ and
inclusive-jet samples and, where $N_{\text{trk}}$ is the number of the charged
particles from jets. The jet shape distributions $\rho(\Delta r)$, defined as:

$\rho(\Delta r)=\frac{1}{\delta
r}\frac{\large{\Sigma_{\text{jets}}}\Sigma_{\text{trk}\in(\Delta
r_{\mathrm{a}},\Delta
r_{\mathrm{b}})}\pt^{\text{trk}}}{\large{\Sigma_{\text{jets}}}\Sigma_{\text{trk}}\pt^{\text{trk}}},$
(7)

where $\Delta r_{\mathrm{a}}$ and $\Delta r_{\mathrm{b}}$ define the annular
edges of $\Delta r$, $\delta r=\Delta r_{\mathrm{b}}-\Delta r_{\mathrm{a}}$,
and $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ stands for the $\pt$ of the charged particles, are also
examined.

##  0.6 Systematic uncertainties

A number of sources of systematic uncertainties are considered, including the
tracking efficiency, tagging bias corrections, decontamination procedure, jet
reconstruction, acceptance corrections, and background subtraction. The
systematic uncertainties are summarized in Table 0.6, and the evaluation of
each source of uncertainty is discussed below.

The tracking reconstruction efficiencies for $\PQb$ jet and inclusive jet
tracks have been compared to account for the uncertainty in reconstruction
efficiency for displaced tracks, and a maximum difference of about 4% was
observed. The full magnitude of the observed difference is assigned as a
conservative estimation to cover the MC-based tracking reconstruction
uncertainty. To study possible differences in track reconstruction between
data and simulation, a study of meson decays was used [32]. The meson
branching fraction ratio of 3-prong to 5-prong decays was calculated in data
with MC-based efficiency corrections and compared with the world-average value
[33]. The observed difference is used to derive a 4% systematic uncertainty
for this source. For the full tracking-related uncertainty these two errors
were added in quadrature.

The uncertainty for correcting the bias induced by the CSV discriminator is
dominated by the uncertainties in the contributions from gluon-splitting and
primary $\PQb$ quarks to the $\PQb$ jet sample. Jets originating from
different mechanisms of $\PQb$-quark production (i.e. flavor creation, flavor
excitation, and gluon splitting) can be studied individually in simulations.
We note that the fraction of $\PQb$ jets from the gluon splitting in
simulation is less than that indicated by data. The corresponding systematic
uncertainty has been evaluated by varying this fraction by 20% (as estimated
in Refs. [5, 34]), and the observed 5% difference in the correction from this
variation is propagated as an uncertainty.

The decontamination procedure is affected by the uncertainties in the purity
estimation. Using the negative tagging method (described in Section 0.4) we
have derived the data-to-simulation scale factor, which amounted to about 7%
difference in estimated contamination levels. We evaluate the related
systematic uncertainty by comparing results obtained with and without the
derived scale factor; less than 5% variation is observed in the correlation
results. This 5% maximum variation is taken as a systematic uncertainty for
the decontamination.

The overall jet energy scale (JES) is sensitive to the relative fraction of
quark and gluon jets in the sample. The energy scale uncertainty is found to
be 2% for jets in the study in Ref. [26]. Therefore, we varied the energy
threshold of selected jets by this amount in both directions and saw no
statistically significant changes in the measured jet shapes. This is not
unexpected since the in-jet multiplicity and the jet fragmentation function
change slowly with the jet . We also investigated the effects of a more
conservative 5% jet energy scale uncertainty by varying the energy threshold
of selected jets by 5% in both directions and repeating the analysis to
uncover any possible differences with respect to the nominal result. The
resulting variations in the correlated track yields are found to be below 2%.
Thus, we assigned a 2% uncertainty for this source. The jet energy resolution
(JER) data-to-MC difference is about 15% based on the $\gamma$+jet studies
[35]. The corresponding uncertainty in the reported measurements was evaluated
in a data-driven way by smearing the reconstructed jet by 15% and repeating
the study. The resulting variation in correlation distributions was found to
be below 3.5%. In total, a systematic uncertainty of 4% is assigned for the
JER- and JES-related effects.

The uncertainties from the mixed-event acceptance correction are estimated by
looking for an asymmetry of the sideband regions, which is defined by the
difference of the sideband value between the positive and negative
$\Delta\eta$. Additionally, the sideband regions ($1.5<\abs{\Delta\eta}<2.5$)
that are far away from the jet axis are expected to have no short-range
correlation contributions and, thus, to be independent of $\Delta\eta$. Any
deviations from this expectation and the measured asymmetry are used to
quantify the related systematic uncertainty, which was found to be between 1
and 2%.

Uncertainties associated with the background subtraction are evaluated by
considering the average point-to-point difference between two sideband regions
($1.5<\abs{\Delta\eta}<2.0$ and $2.0<\abs{\Delta\eta}<2.5$) following the
background subtraction. The background subtraction uncertainty is found to be
roughly 3% for the lowest $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ bin, where the signal-to-
background ratio is the lowest, and decreases to negligible levels as
functions of $\pt^{\text{trk}}$.

These systematic uncertainties are treated as uncorrelated, and the total
systematic uncertainty is calculated by adding the individual sources in
quadrature.

Systematic uncertainties in percentage for the measurements of the jet-track
correlations. Where an uncertainty range is given, the upper edge of the range
corresponds to the bin with the smallest $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ values. The
sources from the decontamination and tagging bias are exclusive for $\PQb$
jets.  Source of systematic uncertainty $\PQb$ jets Inclusive jets Tracking
efficiency 5.7 4.1 Tagging bias corrections 5.0 Decontamination procedure 5.0
Residual JES and JER corrections 4.0 4.0 Pair-acceptance corrections 1.0–2.0
1.0–2.0 Background subtraction 0–3.0 0–3.0 Total 10.0–10.5 5.8–6.8

##  0.7 Results

Figure 1 presents the charged-particle yields for inclusive and $\PQb$ jets in
proton-proton collisions as a function of the radial distance $\Delta r$ from
the jet axis. The results are shown with stacked histograms to indicate the
intervals in $\pt^{\text{trk}}$, and dots to denote the total summed yields in
the region $1<\pt^{\text{trk}}<12\GeV$. It illustrates that the high-charged
particles are mostly distributed around the small $\Delta r$ region while the
larger $\Delta r$ region is dominated by the low-charged particles. Figure 2
compares the radial distributions of the total charged-particle yields
associated with the inclusive and $\PQb$ jets studied in data and in
simulations. Total uncertainties of the measurement are dominated by the
systematic source. Statistical uncertainties of the signal correlations and
data-driven mixed-event acceptance correction contribute to the total
statistical uncertainties of the data. The total statistical uncertainties are
negligible for most data points, except at large $\Delta r$. Statistical
uncertainties of the Monte Carlo samples are accounted for in the evaluation
of relevant systematic sources and propagated as part of the assigned
systematic errors. It is also worth noticing that the systematic uncertainties
coming from the event mixing technique are important in the larger $\Delta r$
region. Charged-particle yield distributions for both $\PQb$ and inclusive
jets are found to be generally described by predictions, although 6.424 shows
a better agreement with the data than that found using the 8.230 predictions.
The simulation predicts a smaller excess of hadron yields in $\PQb$ jets over
inclusive jets compared to what is observed in the data and simulations.
Larger charged-particle yields are observed to be associated with $\PQb$ jets
as compared with inclusive jets, particularly in the low-$\Delta r$ region
(see Fig. 2, right). This larger contribution in soft tracks at small radial
distance $\Delta r$ implies the presence of different fragmentation patterns
and decay kinematics between the $\PQb$ jets and inclusive jets.

Figure 1: Charged particle yield distributions $Y(\Delta r)$ of inclusive
(left) and $\PQb$ (right) jets with $\pt>120\GeV$ as functions of $\Delta r$
are presented differentially for $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ bins. The shadowed boxes
represent the systematic uncertainties for $1<\pt^{\text{trk}}<12\GeV$,
although they are generally too small to be visible. Figure 2: Charged
particle yield distributions $Y(\Delta r)$ of inclusive jets (left) and $\PQb$
jets (middle) with $1<\pt^{\text{trk}}<12\GeV$ are presented as functions of
$\Delta r$. Both types of jets with $\pt>120\GeV$ and charged particles with
$1<\pt^{\text{trk}}<12\GeV$ are used to construct the distributions as
functions of $\Delta r$ for data (red), 6.426 (blue line), 8.230 (green dashed
line), and (purple line) simulations. The right plot shows the particle yield
difference of $\PQb$ jets and inclusive jets as functions of $\Delta r$ for
$\Pp\Pp$ data, 6.426 (blue line), 8.230 (green dashed line) and (purple line)
simulations. The shadowed boxes represent the systematic uncertainties.

Measurements of the jet shapes $\rho(\Delta r)$ are presented in Figs. 3 and
4.The left and right panels of Fig. 3 show -differential $\rho(\Delta r)$
distribution for inclusive and $\PQb$ jets, respectively. The comparison
between data and simulations from both and is presented in Fig. 4. We note
that, while small-$\Delta r$ trends are mostly well described by and
simulation for both jet selections, the distributions at larger radial
distances are only well-estimated by , indicating a shortage of soft radiative
contributions. The right panel of Fig. 4 shows the ratio of $\PQb$ to
inclusive jet shapes for data and simulation.

Observed variations in the ratio of jet shapes indicate a shift of transverse
momentum from small to large $\Delta r$ for the constituents of the $\PQb$
jets compared to that carried by the particles from inclusive jets. These
differences may arise from the dead-cone effect, the suppression of radiation
from a charged particles with mass $m_{\cPq}$ and energy $E_{\cPq}$ in the
region with emission angle $\theta\lesssim m_{\cPq}/E_{\cPq}$ [36, 37], as
this phenomenon is expected to be more apparent in $\PQb$ jets than in
inclusive jets, which mostly originate from light partons.

and simulations show very different jet shape predictions at large angular
distances, where nonperturbative contributions are likely to dominate.
simulations have better performance capturing the details of jet shapes for
both inclusive and $\PQb$ jets distributions in this region, comparing to
simulations. Additionally, we observe that a higher fraction of transverse
momentum is distributed towards the higher radial distances from the center of
the jet for the $\PQb$ jets as compared to the inclusive jet sample.

A similar tendency, albeit insufficient to fully capture this trend, is seen
in simulations. 8.230 simulations show a slightly better description than that
from 6.426 in the larger $\Delta r$ region. On the other hand, 2.7.1
predictions capture this trend well, as illustrated in the right panel of Fig.
4. The observed data to discrepancy in the -to-inclusive jet shape ratios at
large radii may arise from the difference in the gluon splitting contributions
between data and simulation, as mentioned earlier [38]. We note that Monte
Carlo studies show that $\PQb$ and $\PAQb$ jets from gluon splitting result in
significantly broader jet shapes than those of inclusive jets.

Figure 3: The jet shape distribution $\rho(\Delta r)$ of inclusive jets (left)
and $\PQb$ jets (right) with $\pt>120\GeV$ as functions of $\Delta r$ are
presented differentially for all $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ bins for data. The
shadowed boxes represent the systematic uncertainties for
$\pt^{\text{trk}}>1\GeV$, although they are generally too small to be visible.
Figure 4: The jet shape distribution $\rho(\Delta r)$ of inclusive jets (left)
and $\PQb$ jets (middle), both with $\pt>120\GeV$ and $\pt^{\text{trk}}>1\GeV$
are presented as functions of $\Delta r$ for data(red markers), the 6.426
(blue line) and the 8.230 (green dashed line) simulations. The right plot
shows the -to-inclusive jet shape ratio as functions of $\Delta r$ for data, 6
(blue line) and 8.230 (green dashed line) simulations. The shadowed boxes
represent the systematic uncertainty.

##  0.8 Summary

The first measurements of charged-particle yields and jet shapes for $\PQb$
jets in proton-proton collisions are presented, using data collected with the
CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=5.02\TeV$. The
correlations of charged particles with jets are studied, using the particles
with transverse momentum $\pt^{\text{trk}}>1\GeV$ and pseudorapidity
$\abs{\eta}<2.4$, and the jets with $\pt>120\GeV$ and $\abs{\eta}<1.6$.
Charged-particle yields associated with jets are presented as functions of the
relative angular distance $\Delta
r=\sqrt{\smash[b]{(\Delta\eta)^{2}+(\Delta\phi)^{2}}}$ from the jet axis. In
these studies, a large number of associated charged particles at low $\Delta
r$ are found for $\PQb$ jets compared to those for inclusive jets, which are
produced predominantly by gluons and light flavor quarks. The trends observed
in $\Pp\Pp$ data for particle yield distributions associated with both types
of jets are reproduced by calculations (in versions 6.426 and 8.230).

In addition to the charged-particle yields, we examine the jet transverse
momentum profile variable $\rho(\Delta r)$, defined using the distribution of
charged particles in annular rings around the jet axis, with each particle
weighted by its $\pt^{\text{trk}}$ value. The measured shapes of $\PQb$ jets
are broader than those of inclusive jets. The shapes for both types of jets
are reproduced by and calculation in the small $\Delta r$ region, with 2.7.1
giving a better agreement. Moreover, measured transverse momenta distributions
at larger $\Delta r$ are consistent with the simulations for $\PQb$ and
inclusive jets, with at most 1.2 $\sigma$ data-to-simulation differences
observed for $\PQb$ jets. However, this trend is generally underestimated by
simulations.

This result provides new constraints on perturbative quantum chromodynamics
calculations for flavor dependence in parton fragmentation and gluon
radiation, as well as the relative contributions of different processes to
$\PQb$ quark production. These measurements are also expected to offer an
important reference for future studies of flavor dependence for parton
interactions with the quark-gluon plasma formed in relativistic heavy-ion
collisions.

###### Acknowledgements.

We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the
excellent performance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative
staffs at CERN and at other CMS institutes for their contributions to the
success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the
computing centers and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Grid for
delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to our
analyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction
and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following
funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,
CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST,
and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF
(Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC IUT, PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy
of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG,
and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM
(Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES
(Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT,
LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC
(Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom,
RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER
(Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST
(Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK
(Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).
Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the
European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440,
752730, and 765710 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan
Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science
Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et
dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door
Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium)
under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy –
EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306; the Lendület (“Momentum”) Program and
the János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
the New National Excellence Program ÚNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842,
123959, 124845, 124850, 125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the
Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS program of
the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional
Development Fund, the Mobility Plus program of the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contracts Harmonia
2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and
2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities
Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and
Higher Education, project no. 02.a03.21.0005 (Russia); the Tomsk Polytechnic
University Competitiveness Enhancement Program and “Nauka” Project
FSWW-2020-0008 (Russia); the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación
Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and
the Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia
programs cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund
for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University and the Chulalongkorn
Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project (Thailand); the
Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the
Welch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).

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##  .9 The CMS Collaboration

Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A.M. Sirunyan${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, A. Tumasyan Institut für
Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del
Valle, M. Flechl, R. Frühwirth1, M. Jeitler1, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D.
Liko, T. Madlener, I. Mikulec, N. Rad, J. Schieck1, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring,
W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz1, M. Zarucki Institute for Nuclear Problems,
Minsk, Belarus
V. Drugakov, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez Universiteit Antwerpen,
Antwerpen, Belgium
M.R. Darwish, E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, T. Kello2, A. Lelek, M.
Pieters, H. Rejeb Sfar, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, S. Van Putte, N.
Van Remortel Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
F. Blekman, E.S. Bols, S.S. Chhibra, J. D’Hondt, J. De Clercq, D. Lontkovskyi,
S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, Q. Python, S. Tavernier, W. Van
Doninck, P. Van Mulders Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B. Dorney, L.
Favart, A. Grebenyuk, A.K. Kalsi, L. Moureaux, A. Popov, N. Postiau, E.
Starling, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom Ghent
University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, I. Khvastunov3, M. Niedziela, C. Roskas, K. Skovpen, M.
Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit Université Catholique de Louvain,
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
G. Bruno, C. Caputo, P. David, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, A. Giammanco, V.
Lemaitre, J. Prisciandaro, A. Saggio, P. Vischia, J. Zobec Centro Brasileiro
de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
G.A. Alves, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, A. Moraes Universidade do Estado do
Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato4, E. Coelho, E.M.
Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira5, D. De Jesus Damiao, C. De Oliveira Martins, S.
Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, J. Martins6, D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Medina
Jaime7, M. Melo De Almeida, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, W.L. Prado
Da Silva, P. Rebello Teles, L.J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M.
Thiel, E.J. Tonelli Manganote4, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela
Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a, Universidade Federal do ABC b, São
Paulo, Brazil
C.A. Bernardesa, L. Calligarisa, T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomeia, E.M. Gregoresb,
D.S. Lemos, P.G. Mercadanteb, S.F. Novaesa, SandraS. Padulaa Institute for
Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia,
Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov,
M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
M. Bonchev, A. Dimitrov, T. Ivanov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov
Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang2, X. Gao2, L. Yuan Department of Physics, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, China
M. Ahmad, Z. Hu, Y. Wang Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
G.M. Chen8, H.S. Chen8, M. Chen, C.H. Jiang, D. Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, A.
Spiezia, J. Tao, E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, S. Zhang8, J. Zhao State Key Laboratory
of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, G. Chen, A. Levin, J. Li, L. Li, Q. Li, Y. Mao, S.J.
Qian, D. Wang, Q. Wang Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
M. Xiao Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, C.F. González Hernández, M.A. Segura Delgado
Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
J. Mejia Guisao, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, C.A. Salazar González, N. Vanegas Arbelaez
University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
and Naval Architecture, Split, Croatia
D. Giljanović, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac University of
Split, Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, D. Majumder, B. Mesic, M. Roguljic, A.
Starodumov9, T. Susa University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, E. Erodotou, A. Ioannou, M. Kolosova, S. Konstantinou,
G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis, H.
Rykaczewski, H. Saka, D. Tsiakkouri Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
M. Finger10, M. Finger Jr.10, A. Kveton, J. Tomsa Escuela Politecnica
Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab
Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
A. Mohamed11, E. Salama12,13 National Institute of Chemical Physics and
Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M.
Kadastik, M. Raidal, C. Veelken Department of Physics, University of Helsinki,
Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, L. Forthomme, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen
Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
E. Brücken, F. Garcia, J. Havukainen, J.K. Heikkilä, V. Karimäki, M.S. Kim, R.
Kinnunen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, H.
Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi Lappeenranta University of Technology,
Lappeenranta, Finland
P. Luukka, T. Tuuva IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, B. Fabbro, J.L. Faure, F.
Ferri, S. Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry,
C. Leloup, B. Lenzi, E. Locci, J. Malcles, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M.Ö. Sahin,
A. Savoy-Navarro14, M. Titov, G.B. Yu Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet,
CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France
S. Ahuja, C. Amendola, F. Beaudette, M. Bonanomi, P. Busson, C. Charlot, B.
Diab, G. Falmagne, R. Granier de Cassagnac, I. Kucher, A. Lobanov, C. Martin
Perez, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, P. Paganini, J. Rembser, R. Salerno, J.B.
Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC
UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
J.-L. Agram15, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, G. Bourgatte, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, C.
Collard, E. Conte15, J.-C. Fontaine15, D. Gelé, U. Goerlach, C. Grimault,
A.-C. Le Bihan, N. Tonon, P. Van Hove Centre de Calcul de l’Institut National
de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules, CNRS/IN2P3, Villeurbanne,
France
S. Gadrat Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3,
Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, C. Camen, A. Carle, N. Chanon, R.
Chierici, D. Contardo, P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M.
Gouzevitch, B. Ille, Sa. Jain, I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, A. Lesauvage, M.
Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, S. Perries, V. Sordini, L. Torterotot, G. Touquet,
M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
T. Toriashvili16 Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Z. Tsamalaidze10 RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen,
Germany
C. Autermann, L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, M. Preuten,
M.P. Rauch, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches
Institut A, Aachen, Germany
M. Erdmann, B. Fischer, S. Ghosh, T. Hebbeker, K. Hoepfner, H. Keller, L.
Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, P. Millet, G. Mocellin, S. Mondal, S.
Mukherjee, D. Noll, A. Novak, T. Pook, A. Pozdnyakov, T. Quast, M. Radziej, Y.
Rath, H. Reithler, J. Roemer, A. Schmidt, S.C. Schuler, A. Sharma, S.
Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B,
Aachen, Germany
G. Flügge, W. Haj Ahmad17, O. Hlushchenko, T. Kress, T. Müller, A. Nowack, C.
Pistone, O. Pooth, D. Roy, H. Sert, A. Stahl18 Deutsches Elektronen-
Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
M. Aldaya Martin, P. Asmuss, I. Babounikau, H. Bakhshiansohi, K. Beernaert, O.
Behnke, A. Bermúdez Martínez, A.A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras19, V. Botta, A.
Campbell, A. Cardini, P. Connor, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, C. Contreras-Campana,
V. Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis, C. Diez Pardos, D. Domínguez Damiani,
G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn, A. Elwood, E. Eren, L.I. Estevez Banos,
E. Gallo20, A. Geiser, A. Grohsjean, M. Guthoff, M. Haranko, A. Harb, A.
Jafari, N.Z. Jomhari, H. Jung, A. Kasem19, M. Kasemann, H. Kaveh, J. Keaveney,
C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Krücker, W. Lange, T. Lenz, J. Lidrych, K. Lipka,
W. Lohmann21, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, A.B. Meyer, M. Meyer, M.
Missiroli, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, V. Myronenko, D. Pérez Adán, S.K.
Pflitsch, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, A. Saibel, M. Savitskyi, V. Scheurer, P.
Schütze, C. Schwanenberger, R. Shevchenko, A. Singh, R.E. Sosa Ricardo, H.
Tholen, O. Turkot, A. Vagnerini, M. Van De Klundert, R. Walsh, Y. Wen, K.
Wichmann, C. Wissing, O. Zenaiev, R. Zlebcik University of Hamburg, Hamburg,
Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, T. Dreyer, A. Ebrahimi, F.
Feindt, A. Fröhlich, C. Garbers, E. Garutti, D. Gonzalez, P. Gunnellini, J.
Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina, G. Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, N.
Kovalchuk, S. Kurz, V. Kutzner, J. Lange, T. Lange, A. Malara, J. Multhaup,
C.E.N. Niemeyer, A. Reimers, O. Rieger, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt,
J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, B. Vormwald, I. Zoi Karlsruher
Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
M. Akbiyik, M. Baselga, S. Baur, T. Berger, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek,
W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, K. El Morabit, N. Faltermann, M. Giffels, A.
Gottmann, F. Hartmann18, C. Heidecker, U. Husemann, M.A. Iqbal, S. Kudella, S.
Maier, S. Mitra, M.U. Mozer, D. Müller, Th. Müller, M. Musich, A. Nürnberg, G.
Quast, K. Rabbertz, D. Savoiu, D. Schäfer, M. Schnepf, M. Schröder, I.
Shvetsov, H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, M. Wassmer, M. Weber, C. Wöhrmann, R. Wolf,
S. Wozniewski Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR
Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
G. Anagnostou, P. Asenov, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas,
G. Paspalaki, A. Stakia National and Kapodistrian University of Athens,
Athens, Greece
M. Diamantopoulou, G. Karathanasis, P. Kontaxakis, A. Manousakis-katsikakis,
A. Panagiotou, I. Papavergou, N. Saoulidou, K. Theofilatos, K. Vellidis, E.
Vourliotis National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
G. Bakas, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou
University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, S. Mallios, K.
Manitara, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas, F.A. Triantis, D.
Tsitsonis MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
M. Bartók22, R. Chudasama, M. Csanad, P. Major, K. Mandal, A. Mehta, G.
Pasztor, O. Surányi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest,
Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath23, F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, G.
Vesztergombi${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$ Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI,
Debrecen, Hungary
N. Beni, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi22, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi Institute of
Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
P. Raics, D. Teyssier, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari Eszterhazy Karoly University,
Karoly Robert Campus, Gyongyos, Hungary
T. Csorgo, W.J. Metzger, F. Nemes, T. Novak Indian Institute of Science
(IISc), Bangalore, India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri, P.C. Tiwari National Institute of Science
Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati25, C. Kar, G. Kole, P. Mal, V.K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, A.
Nayak26, D.K. Sahoo25, S.K. Swain Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra27, R. Gupta, A.
Kaur, M. Kaur, S. Kaur, P. Kumari, M. Lohan, M. Meena, K. Sandeep, S. Sharma,
J.B. Singh, A.K. Virdi, G. Walia University of Delhi, Delhi, India
A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, Ashok Kumar, M.
Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, Aashaq Shah, R. Sharma Saha Institute of
Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
R. Bhardwaj28, M. Bharti28, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, U. Bhawandeep28,
D. Bhowmik, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, B. Gomber29, M. Maity30, K. Mondal, S. Nandan,
A. Purohit, P.K. Rout, G. Saha, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh28, S. Thakur28
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera, S.C. Behera, P. Kalbhor, A. Muhammad, R. Pradhan, P.R. Pujahari,
A. Sharma, A.K. Sikdar Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
D. Dutta, V. Jha, D.K. Mishra, P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P. Shukla Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, G.B. Mohanty, N. Sur, RavindraKumar Verma Tata
Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, P. Das, M. Guchait, S. Karmakar,
S. Kumar, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, N. Sahoo, S. Sawant Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
S. Dube, B. Kansal, A. Kapoor, K. Kothekar, S. Pandey, A. Rane, A. Rastogi, S.
Sharma Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani, S.M. Etesami, M. Khakzad, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, M. Naseri, F.
Rezaei Hosseinabadi University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b,
Politecnico di Bari c, Bari, Italy
M. Abbresciaa,b, R. Alya,b,31, C. Calabriaa,b, A. Colaleoa, D. Creanzaa,c, L.
Cristellaa,b, N. De Filippisa,c, M. De Palmaa,b, A. Di Florioa,b, W.
Elmetenaweea,b, L. Fiorea, A. Gelmia,b, G. Iasellia,c, M. Incea,b, S.
Lezkia,b, G. Maggia,c, M. Maggia, J.A. Merlina, G. Minielloa,b, S. Mya,b, S.
Nuzzoa,b, A. Pompilia,b, G. Pugliesea,c, R. Radognaa, A. Ranieria, G.
Selvaggia,b, L. Silvestrisa, F.M. Simonea,b, R. Vendittia, P. Verwilligena
INFN Sezione di Bologna a, Università di Bologna b, Bologna, Italy
G. Abbiendia, C. Battilanaa,b, D. Bonacorsia,b, L. Borgonovia,b, S. Braibant-
Giacomellia,b, R. Campaninia,b, P. Capiluppia,b, A. Castroa,b, F.R. Cavalloa,
C. Cioccaa, G. Codispotia,b, M. Cuffiania,b, G.M. Dallavallea, F. Fabbria, A.
Fanfania,b, E. Fontanesia,b, P. Giacomellia, C. Grandia, L. Guiduccia,b, F.
Iemmia,b, S. Lo Meoa,32, S. Marcellinia, G. Masettia, F.L. Navarriaa,b, A.
Perrottaa, F. Primaveraa,b, A.M. Rossia,b, T. Rovellia,b, G.P. Sirolia,b, N.
Tosia INFN Sezione di Catania a, Università di Catania b, Catania, Italy
S. Albergoa,b,33, S. Costaa,b, A. Di Mattiaa, R. Potenzaa,b, A. Tricomia,b,33,
C. Tuvea,b INFN Sezione di Firenze a, Università di Firenze b, Firenze, Italy
G. Barbaglia, A. Cassesea, R. Ceccarellia,b, V. Ciullia,b, C. Civininia, R.
D’Alessandroa,b, F. Fioria,c, E. Focardia,b, G. Latinoa,b, P. Lenzia,b, M.
Lizzoa,b, M. Meschinia, S. Paolettia, R. Seiditaa,b, G. Sguazzonia, L.
Viliania INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo INFN Sezione di Genova a, Università di
Genova b, Genova, Italy
M. Bozzoa,b, F. Ferroa, R. Mulargiaa,b, E. Robuttia, S. Tosia,b INFN Sezione
di Milano-Bicocca a, Università di Milano-Bicocca b, Milano, Italy
A. Benagliaa, A. Beschia,b, F. Brivioa,b, V. Cirioloa,b,18, M.E. Dinardoa,b,
P. Dinia, S. Gennaia, A. Ghezzia,b, P. Govonia,b, L. Guzzia,b, M. Malbertia,
S. Malvezzia, D. Menascea, F. Montia,b, L. Moronia, M. Paganonia,b, D.
Pedrinia, S. Ragazzia,b, T. Tabarelli de Fatisa,b, D. Valsecchia,b,18, D.
Zuoloa,b INFN Sezione di Napoli a, Università di Napoli ’Federico II’ b,
Napoli, Italy, Università della Basilicata c, Potenza, Italy, Università G.
Marconi d, Roma, Italy
S. Buontempoa, N. Cavalloa,c, A. De Iorioa,b, A. Di Crescenzoa,b, F.
Fabozzia,c, F. Fiengaa, G. Galatia, A.O.M. Iorioa,b, L. Layera,b, L. Listaa,b,
S. Meolaa,d,18, P. Paoluccia,18, B. Rossia, C. Sciaccaa,b, E. Voevodinaa,b
INFN Sezione di Padova a, Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy, Università di
Trento c, Trento, Italy
P. Azzia, N. Bacchettaa, D. Biselloa,b, A. Bolettia,b, A. Bragagnoloa,b, R.
Carlina,b, P. Checchiaa, P. De Castro Manzanoa, T. Dorigoa, U. Dossellia, F.
Gasparinia,b, U. Gasparinia,b, A. Gozzelinoa, S.Y. Hoha,b, M. Margonia,b, A.T.
Meneguzzoa,b, J. Pazzinia,b, M. Presillab, P. Ronchesea,b, R. Rossina,b, F.
Simonettoa,b, A. Tikoa, M. Tosia,b, M. Zanettia,b, P. Zottoa,b, A.
Zucchettaa,b, G. Zumerlea,b INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b,
Pavia, Italy
A. Braghieria, D. Fiorinaa,b, P. Montagnaa,b, S.P. Rattia,b, V. Rea, M.
Ressegottia,b, C. Riccardia,b, P. Salvinia, I. Vaia, P. Vituloa,b INFN Sezione
di Perugia a, Università di Perugia b, Perugia, Italy
M. Biasinia,b, G.M. Bileia, D. Ciangottinia,b, L. Fanòa,b, P. Laricciaa,b, R.
Leonardia,b, E. Manonia, G. Mantovania,b, V. Mariania,b, M. Menichellia, A.
Rossia,b, A. Santocchiaa,b, D. Spigaa INFN Sezione di Pisa a, Università di
Pisa b, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa c, Pisa, Italy
K. Androsova, P. Azzurria, G. Bagliesia, V. Bertacchia,c, L. Bianchinia, T.
Boccalia, R. Castaldia, M.A. Cioccia,b, R. Dell’Orsoa, S. Donatoa, L.
Gianninia,c, A. Giassia, M.T. Grippoa, F. Ligabuea,c, E. Mancaa,c, G.
Mandorlia,c, A. Messineoa,b, F. Pallaa, A. Rizzia,b, G. Rolandia,c, S. Roy
Chowdhurya,c, A. Scribanoa, P. Spagnoloa, R. Tenchinia, G. Tonellia,b, N.
Turinia, A. Venturia, P.G. Verdinia INFN Sezione di Roma a, Sapienza
Università di Roma b, Rome, Italy
F. Cavallaria, M. Cipriania,b, D. Del Rea,b, E. Di Marcoa, M. Diemoza, E.
Longoa,b, P. Meridiania, G. Organtinia,b, F. Pandolfia, R. Paramattia,b, C.
Quarantaa,b, S. Rahatloua,b, C. Rovellia, F. Santanastasioa,b, L. Soffia,b, R.
Tramontanoa,b INFN Sezione di Torino a, Università di Torino b, Torino, Italy,
Università del Piemonte Orientale c, Novara, Italy
N. Amapanea,b, R. Arcidiaconoa,c, S. Argiroa,b, M. Arneodoa,c, N. Bartosika,
R. Bellana,b, A. Belloraa,b, C. Biinoa, A. Cappatia,b, N. Cartigliaa, S.
Comettia, M. Costaa,b, R. Covarellia,b, N. Demariaa, J.R. González Fernándeza,
B. Kiania,b, F. Leggera, C. Mariottia, S. Masellia, E. Migliorea,b, V.
Monacoa,b, E. Monteila,b, M. Montenoa, M.M. Obertinoa,b, G. Ortonaa, L.
Pachera,b, N. Pastronea, M. Pelliccionia, G.L. Pinna Angionia,b, A. Romeroa,b,
M. Ruspaa,c, R. Salvaticoa,b, V. Solaa, A. Solanoa,b, D. Soldia,b, A.
Staianoa, D. Trocinoa,b INFN Sezione di Trieste a, Università di Trieste b,
Trieste, Italy
S. Belfortea, V. Candelisea,b, M. Casarsaa, F. Cossuttia, A. Da Rolda,b, G.
Della Riccaa,b, F. Vazzolera,b, A. Zanettia Kyungpook National University,
Daegu, Korea
B. Kim, D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, J. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon, Y.D. Oh, S.I. Pak, S.
Sekmen, D.C. Son, Y.C. Yang Chonnam National University, Institute for
Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju, Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
B. Francois, T.J. Kim, J. Park Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, S. Ha, B. Hong, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, J. Lim, J. Park,
S.K. Park, Y. Roh, J. Yoo Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul,
Republic of Korea
J. Goh Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H.S. Kim Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J.H. Bhyun, J. Choi, S. Jeon, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, H. Lee, K. Lee, S.
Lee, K. Nam, M. Oh, S.B. Oh, B.C. Radburn-Smith, U.K. Yang, H.D. Yoo, I. Yoon
University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
D. Jeon, J.H. Kim, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park, I.J. Watson Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, Y. Jeong, J. Lee, Y. Lee, I. Yu Riga Technical University,
Riga, Latvia
V. Veckalns34 Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
V. Dudenas, A. Juodagalvis, A. Rinkevicius, G. Tamulaitis, J. Vaitkus National
Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
F. Mohamad Idris35, W.A.T. Wan Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli Universidad
de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo, Mexico
J.F. Benitez, A. Castaneda Hernandez, J.A. Murillo Quijada, L. Valencia Palomo
Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, I. Heredia-De La Cruz36, R. Lopez-
Fernandez, A. Sanchez-Hernandez Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City,
Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, M. Ramirez-Garcia, F. Vazquez Valencia
Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada Universidad
Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
J. Mijuskovic3, N. Raicevic University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler, P. Lujan National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M. Ahmad, M.I.M. Awan, Q. Hassan, H.R. Hoorani, W.A. Khan, M.A.
Shah, M. Shoaib, M. Waqas AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of
Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, Krakow, Poland
V. Avati, L. Grzanka, M. Malawski National Centre for Nuclear Research,
Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, M. Górski, M. Kazana, M. Szleper, P.
Zalewski Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of
Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, A. Byszuk37, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J.
Krolikowski, M. Olszewski, M. Walczak Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física
Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa, Portugal
M. Araujo, P. Bargassa, D. Bastos, A. Di Francesco, P. Faccioli, B. Galinhas,
M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo, T. Niknejad, J. Seixas, K. Shchelina, G.
Strong, O. Toldaiev, J. Varela Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna,
Russia
S. Afanasiev, Y. Ershov, A. Golunov, I. Golutvin, N. Gorbounov, I. Gorbunov,
A. Kamenev, V. Karjavine, V. Korenkov, A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev38,39,
P. Moisenz, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, V. Smirnov, N.
Voytishin, A. Zarubin Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St.
Petersburg), Russia
L. Chtchipounov, V. Golovtcov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim40, E. Kuznetsova41, P.
Levchenko, V. Murzin, V. Oreshkin, I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L.
Uvarov, A. Vorobyev Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov,
N. Krasnikov, A. Pashenkov, D. Tlisov, A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical
and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’,
Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, A. Nikitenko42, V. Popov, I.
Pozdnyakov, G. Safronov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A.
Zhokin Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
O. Bychkova, R. Chistov43, M. Danilov43, S. Polikarpov43, E. Tarkovskii P.N.
Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, I. Dremin, M. Kirakosyan, A. Terkulov Skobeltsyn
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow,
Russia
A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, A. Kaminskiy44, O. Kodolova, V.
Korotkikh, I. Lokhtin, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko, V. Savrin, A. Snigirev,
I. Vardanyan Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia
A. Barnyakov45, V. Blinov45, T. Dimova45, L. Kardapoltsev45, Y. Skovpen45
Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov
Institute’, Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, S. Bitioukov, V. Kachanov, D. Konstantinov, P.
Mandrik, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, S. Slabospitskii, A. Sobol, S. Troshin, N.
Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University,
Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev, A. Iuzhakov, V. Okhotnikov Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
V. Borchsh, V. Ivanchenko, E. Tcherniaev University of Belgrade: Faculty of
Physics and VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Serbia
P. Adzic46, P. Cirkovic, M. Dordevic, P. Milenovic, J. Milosevic, M.
Stojanovic Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y
Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain
M. Aguilar-Benitez, J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. Álvarez Fernández, I. Bachiller, M.
Barrio Luna, CristinaF. Bedoya, J.A. Brochero Cifuentes, C.A. Carrillo
Montoya, M. Cepeda, M. Cerrada, N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris,
J.P. Fernández Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz, O. Gonzalez Lopez, S. Goy Lopez,
J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa, D. Moran, Á. Navarro Tobar, A. Pérez-Calero
Yzquierdo, J. Puerta Pelayo, I. Redondo, L. Romero, S. Sánchez Navas, M.S.
Soares, A. Triossi, C. Willmott Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Trocóniz, R. Reyes-Almanza Universidad de Oviedo,
Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias
(ICTEA), Oviedo, Spain
B. Alvarez Gonzalez, J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras,
I. Gonzalez Caballero, E. Palencia Cortezon, C. Ramón Álvarez, V. Rodríguez
Bouza, S. Sanchez Cruz Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-
Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M.
Fernandez, P.J. Fernández Manteca, A. García Alonso, G. Gomez, C. Martinez
Rivero, P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, F. Matorras, J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels,
F. Ricci-Tam, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, L. Russo47, L. Scodellaro, I. Vila,
J.M. Vizan Garcia University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
D.U.J. Sonnadara University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri
Lanka
W.G.D. Dharmaratna, N. Wickramage CERN, European Organization for Nuclear
Research, Geneva, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, G. Auzinger, J. Baechler, P.
Baillon, A.H. Ball, D. Barney, J. Bendavid, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, P. Bortignon,
E. Bossini, E. Brondolin, T. Camporesi, A. Caratelli, G. Cerminara, E. Chapon,
G. Cucciati, D. d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski, N. Daci, V. Daponte, A. David, O.
Davignon, A. De Roeck, M. Deile, R. Di Maria, M. Dobson, M. Dünser, N. Dupont,
A. Elliott-Peisert, N. Emriskova, F. Fallavollita48, D. Fasanella, S.
Fiorendi, G. Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, S. Giani, D. Gigi, K. Gill, F.
Glege, L. Gouskos, M. Gruchala, M. Guilbaud, D. Gulhan, J. Hegeman, C.
Heidegger, Y. Iiyama, V. Innocente, T. James, P. Janot, O. Karacheban21, J.
Kaspar, J. Kieseler, M. Krammer1, N. Kratochwil, C. Lange, P. Lecoq, K. Long,
C. Lourenço, L. Malgeri, M. Mannelli, A. Massironi, F. Meijers, S. Mersi, E.
Meschi, F. Moortgat, M. Mulders, J. Ngadiuba, J. Niedziela, S. Nourbakhsh, S.
Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo18, L. Pape, E. Perez, M. Peruzzi, A.
Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini, F.M. Pitters, D. Rabady, A.
Racz, M. Rieger, M. Rovere, H. Sakulin, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, S. Scarfi, C.
Schäfer, C. Schwick, M. Selvaggi, A. Sharma, P. Silva, W. Snoeys, P.
Sphicas49, J. Steggemann, S. Summers, V.R. Tavolaro, D. Treille, A. Tsirou,
G.P. Van Onsem, A. Vartak, M. Verzetti, K.A. Wozniak, W.D. Zeuner Paul
Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
L. Caminada50, K. Deiters, W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C.
Kaestli, D. Kotlinski, U. Langenegger, T. Rohe ETH Zurich - Institute for
Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, P. Berger, A. Calandri, N. Chernyavskaya, G. Dissertori, M.
Dittmar, M. Donegà, C. Dorfer, T.A. Gómez Espinosa, C. Grab, D. Hits, W.
Lustermann, R.A. Manzoni, M.T. Meinhard, F. Micheli, P. Musella, F. Nessi-
Tedaldi, F. Pauss, V. Perovic, G. Perrin, L. Perrozzi, S. Pigazzini, M.G.
Ratti, M. Reichmann, C. Reissel, T. Reitenspiess, B. Ristic, D. Ruini, D.A.
Sanz Becerra, M. Schönenberger, L. Shchutska, M.L. Vesterbacka Olsson, R.
Wallny, D.H. Zhu Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
C. Amsler51, C. Botta, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, A. De Cosa, R. Del Burgo,
B. Kilminster, S. Leontsinis, V.M. Mikuni, I. Neutelings, G. Rauco, P.
Robmann, K. Schweiger, Y. Takahashi, S. Wertz National Central University,
Chung-Li, Taiwan
C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A. Roy, T. Sarkar30, S.S. Yu National Taiwan University
(NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Y.y. Li, R.-S. Lu, E.
Paganis, A. Psallidas, A. Steen Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Science,
Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, N. Srimanobhas, N. Suwonjandee Çukurova
University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
A. Bat, F. Boran, A. Celik52, S. Damarseckin53, Z.S. Demiroglu, F. Dolek, C.
Dozen54, I. Dumanoglu55, G. Gokbulut, EmineGurpinar Guler56, Y. Guler, I.
Hos57, C. Isik, E.E. Kangal58, O. Kara, A. Kayis Topaksu, U. Kiminsu, G.
Onengut, K. Ozdemir59, A.E. Simsek, U.G. Tok, S. Turkcapar, I.S. Zorbakir, C.
Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak60, G. Karapinar61, M. Yalvac62 Bogazici University, Istanbul,
Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. Gülmez, M. Kaya63, O. Kaya64, Ö. Özçelik, S. Tekten65, E.A.
Yetkin66 Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Cakir, K. Cankocak55, Y. Komurcu, S. Sen67 Istanbul University, Istanbul,
Turkey
S. Cerci68, B. Kaynak, S. Ozkorucuklu, D. Sunar Cerci68 Institute for
Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov,
Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and
Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
E. Bhal, S. Bologna, J.J. Brooke, D. Burns69, E. Clement, D. Cussans, H.
Flacher, J. Goldstein, G.P. Heath, H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, S.
Paramesvaran, T. Sakuma, S. Seif El Nasr-Storey, V.J. Smith, J. Taylor, A.
Titterton Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
K.W. Bell, A. Belyaev70, C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D.J.A. Cockerill, J.A. Coughlan,
K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, K. Manolopoulos, D.M. Newbold, E. Olaiya, D.
Petyt, T. Reis, T. Schuh, C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin,
T. Williams Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, S. Bonomally, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A.
Bundock, GurpreetSingh CHAHAL71, D. Colling, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della
Negra, P. Everaerts, G. Hall, G. Iles, M. Komm, J. Langford, L. Lyons, A.-M.
Magnan, S. Malik, A. Martelli, V. Milosevic, A. Morton, J. Nash72, V.
Palladino, M. Pesaresi, D.M. Raymond, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez,
A. Shtipliyski, M. Stoye, T. Strebler, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, T. Virdee18, N.
Wardle, S.N. Webb, D. Winterbottom, A.G. Zecchinelli, S.C. Zenz Brunel
University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, I.D. Reid, L.
Teodorescu, S. Zahid Baylor University, Waco, USA
A. Brinkerhoff, K. Call, B. Caraway, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, C. Madrid, B.
McMaster, N. Pastika, C. Smith Catholic University of America, Washington, DC,
USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez, R. Uniyal, A.M. Vargas Hernandez The University of
Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, S.I. Cooper, S.V. Gleyzer, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West
Boston University, Boston, USA
A. Albert, D. Arcaro, Z. Demiragli, D. Gastler, C. Richardson, J. Rohlf, D.
Sperka, D. Spitzbart, I. Suarez, L. Sulak, D. Zou Brown University,
Providence, USA
G. Benelli, B. Burkle, X. Coubez19, D. Cutts, Y.t. Duh, M. Hadley, U. Heintz,
J.M. Hogan73, K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, K.T. Lau, J. Lee, M.
Narain, S. Sagir74, R. Syarif, E. Usai, W.Y. Wong, D. Yu, W. Zhang University
of California, Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M. Chertok,
J. Conway, R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk, F. Jensen, W.
Ko${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, O. Kukral, R. Lander, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett,
J. Pilot, M. Shi, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Z. Wang, F. Zhang University
of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, C. Bravo, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, A. Florent, J. Hauser, M.
Ignatenko, N. Mccoll, W.A. Nash, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, B.
Stone, V. Valuev University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
K. Burt, Y. Chen, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, S.M.A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G.
Karapostoli, O.R. Long, N. Manganelli, M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I. Paneva, W. Si,
S. Wimpenny, B.R. Yates, Y. Zhang University of California, San Diego, La
Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, P. Chang, S. Cittolin, S. Cooperstein, N. Deelen, M. Derdzinski,
J. Duarte, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi, D. Klein, V. Krutelyov, J.
Letts, M. Masciovecchio, S. May, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, V. Sharma, M. Tadel, F.
Würthwein, A. Yagil, G. Zevi Della Porta University of California, Santa
Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, USA
N. Amin, R. Bhandari, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, V. Dutta, J. Incandela, B.
Marsh, H. Mei, A. Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, U. Sarica, D. Stuart, S. Wang
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, O. Cerri, I. Dutta, J.M. Lawhorn, N. Lu, J. Mao,
H.B. Newman, T.Q. Nguyen, J. Pata, M. Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, S. Xie, Z.
Zhang, R.Y. Zhu Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
J. Alison, M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I.
Vorobiev, M. Weinberg University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, E. MacDonald, T. Mulholland, R. Patel, A. Perloff, K.
Stenson, K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, A. Frankenthal, K. Mcdermott, J.R.
Patterson, D. Quach, A. Ryd, S.M. Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, P. Wittich, M. Zientek
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S.
Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, D. Berry, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, K.
Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B. Cerati, H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M.
Cremonesi, V.D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D.
Green, S. Grünendahl, O. Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, R.
Heller, J. Hirschauer, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, T.
Klijnsma, B. Klima, M.J. Kortelainen, B. Kreis, S. Lammel, J. Lewis, D.
Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, J.M. Marraffino,
D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, V.
Papadimitriou, K. Pedro, C. Pena75, F. Ravera, A. Reinsvold Hall, L. Ristori,
B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, N. Smith, A. Soha, W.J. Spalding, L. Spiegel,
S. Stoynev, J. Strait, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W.
Vaandering, R. Vidal, M. Wang, H.A. Weber, A. Woodard University of Florida,
Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, D. Bourilkov, L. Cadamuro, V. Cherepanov, F. Errico, R.D.
Field, D. Guerrero, B.M. Joshi, M. Kim, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K.H. Lo, K.
Matchev, N. Menendez, G. Mitselmakher, D. Rosenzweig, K. Shi, J. Wang, S.
Wang, X. Zuo Florida International University, Miami, USA
Y.R. Joshi Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
T. Adams, A. Askew, R. Habibullah, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F. Johnson, R.
Khurana, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, C. Schiber, R. Yohay,
J. Zhang Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, M. Rahmani, M. Saunders, F. Yumiceva
University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, R.R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S. Dittmer, O.
Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, V. Kumar, C. Mills, G. Oh,
T. Roy, M.B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, J. Viinikainen, H. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wu The
University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
M. Alhusseini, B. Bilki56, K. Dilsiz76, S. Durgut, R.P. Gandrajula, M.
Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, O.K. Köseyan, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili77, A.
Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul78, Y. Onel, F. Ozok79, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E.
Tiras, J. Wetzel, K. Yi80 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, A.V. Gritsan, W.T. Hung, S. Kyriacou,
P. Maksimovic, C. Mantilla, J. Roskes, M. Swartz, T.Á. Vámi The University of
Kansas, Lawrence, USA
C. Baldenegro Barrera, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, A. Bylinkin, T.
Isidori, S. Khalil, J. King, G. Krintiras, A. Kropivnitskaya, C. Lindsey, W.
Mcbrayer, N. Minafra, M. Murray, C. Rogan, C. Royon, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz,
J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang, J. Williams, G. Wilson Kansas State University,
Manhattan, USA
S. Duric, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, D. Kim, Y. Maravin, D.R. Mendis, T. Mitchell,
A. Modak, A. Mohammadi Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright University of Maryland, College Park, USA
A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, N.J. Hadley, S. Jabeen,
G.Y. Jeng, R.G. Kellogg, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, M. Seidel, A. Skuja, S.C.
Tonwar, L. Wang, K. Wong Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I.A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso,
G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, M. Klute, D.
Kovalskyi, Y.-J. Lee, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C.
Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, D. Rankin, C. Roland, G. Roland, Z.
Shi, G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, J. Wang, T.W. Wang,
B. Wyslouch University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, S. Guts${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$, P. Hansen, J.
Hiltbrand, Sh. Jain, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, M. Revering, R. Rusack, R.
Saradhy, N. Schroeder, N. Strobbe, M.A. Wadud University of Mississippi,
Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
K. Bloom, S. Chauhan, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, L. Finco, F. Golf, R.
Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J.E. Siado, G.R. Snow${}^{\textrm{\textdagger}}$,
B. Stieger, W. Tabb State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
G. Agarwal, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava, C. McLean, D. Nguyen,
A. Parker, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani Northeastern University,
Boston, USA
G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, Y. Haddad, A. Hortiangtham, G. Madigan, B.
Marzocchi, D.M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, L. Skinnari, A. Tishelman-
Charny, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood Northwestern University,
Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, J. Bueghly, G. Fedi, A. Gilbert, T. Gunter, K.A. Hahn, N.
Odell, M.H. Schmitt, K. Sung, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame,
USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop,
D.J. Karmgard, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, F.
Meng, Y. Musienko38, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S. Taroni, M. Wayne,
A. Wightman, M. Wolf The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
J. Alimena, B. Bylsma, B. Cardwell, L.S. Durkin, B. Francis, C. Hill, W. Ji,
A. Lefeld, T.Y. Ling, B.L. Winer Princeton University, Princeton, USA
G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, N. Haubrich, S. Higginbotham, A.
Kalogeropoulos, S. Kwan, D. Lange, M.T. Lucchini, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei,
I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, D. Stickland, C. Tully University
of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
A. Barker, V.E. Barnes, R. Chawla, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, B.
Mahakud, D.H. Miller, G. Negro, N. Neumeister, C.C. Peng, S. Piperov, H. Qiu,
J.F. Schulte, N. Trevisani, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University
Northwest, Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar Rice University, Houston, USA
A. Baty, U. Behrens, S. Dildick, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M.
Kilpatrick, Arun Kumar, W. Li, B.P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts, J. Rorie,
W. Shi, A.G. Stahl Leiton, Z. Tu, A. Zhang University of Rochester, Rochester,
USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T. Ferbel, M.
Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, E. Ranken, R.
Taus Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
B. Chiarito, J.P. Chou, A. Gandrakota, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hart,
M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash,
M. Osherson, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
H. Acharya, A.G. Delannoy, S. Spanier Texas A&M University, College Station,
USA
O. Bouhali81, M. Dalchenko, A. Delgado, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T.
Kamon82, H. Kim, S. Luo, S. Malhotra, D. Marley, R. Mueller, D. Overton, L.
Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, V. Hegde, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, S.W.
Lee, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, Z. Wang,
A. Whitbeck Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K.
Padeken, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. Verweij University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, G. Cummings, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce,
A. Ledovskoy, C. Neu, B. Tannenwald, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia Wayne State
University, Detroit, USA
R. Harr, P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa University of Wisconsin
- Madison, Madison, WI, USA
K. Black, T. Bose, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, I. De
Bruyn, L. Dodd, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, A.
Lanaro, A. Loeliger, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, D.
Pinna, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, V. Sharma, W.H. Smith, D. Teague, S. Trembath-
reichert †: Deceased
1: Also at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
2: Also at Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
3: Also at IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
4: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
5: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
6: Also at UFMS, Nova Andradina, Brazil
7: Also at Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
8: Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
9: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I.
Alikhanov of NRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia
10: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
11: Also at Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zewail, Egypt
12: Also at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
13: Now at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
14: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
15: Also at Université de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France
16: Also at Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
17: Also at Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey
18: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva,
Switzerland
19: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen,
Germany
20: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
21: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
22: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary,
Debrecen, Hungary
23: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
24: Also at MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, Eötvös
Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
25: Also at IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India, Bhubaneswar, India
26: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India
27: Also at G.H.G. Khalsa College, Punjab, India
28: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India
29: Also at University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
30: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India
31: Now at INFN Sezione di Bari a, Università di Bari b, Politecnico di Bari
c, Bari, Italy
32: Also at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and
Sustainable Economic Development, Bologna, Italy
33: Also at Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia,
Catania, Italy
34: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, Riga, Latvia
35: Also at Malaysian Nuclear Agency, MOSTI, Kajang, Malaysia
36: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
37: Also at Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Electronic Systems,
Warsaw, Poland
38: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
39: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics
Institute’ (MEPhI), Moscow, Russia
40: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg,
Russia
41: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
42: Also at Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
43: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
44: Also at INFN Sezione di Padova a, Università di Padova b, Padova, Italy,
Università di Trento c, Trento, Italy, Padova, Italy
45: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia
46: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
47: Also at Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
48: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a, Università di Pavia b, Pavia, Italy,
Pavia, Italy
49: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
50: Also at Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
51: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria,
Vienna, Austria
52: Also at Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, BURDUR, Turkey
53: Also at Şırnak University, Sirnak, Turkey
54: Also at Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China,
Beijing, China
55: Also at Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health
Science, Nicosia, Turkey
56: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey
57: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Application and Research Center for
Advanced Studies (App. & Res. Cent. for Advanced Studies), Istanbul, Turkey
58: Also at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
59: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey
60: Also at Ozyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey
61: Also at Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
62: Also at Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü, Yozgat, Turkey
63: Also at Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
64: Also at Milli Savunma University, Istanbul, Turkey
65: Also at Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
66: Also at Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
67: Also at Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
68: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
69: Also at Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
70: Also at School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton,
Southampton, United Kingdom
71: Also at IPPP Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
72: Also at Monash University, Faculty of Science, Clayton, Australia
73: Also at Bethel University, St. Paul, Minneapolis, USA, St. Paul, USA
74: Also at Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
75: Also at California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
76: Also at Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
77: Also at Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
78: Also at Sinop University, Sinop, Turkey
79: Also at Mimar Sinan University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
80: Also at Nanjing Normal University Department of Physics, Nanjing, China
81: Also at Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
82: Also at Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Daegu, Korea