context: New York courts are not bound by Second Circuit interpretations of state case law. This is true even if the Second Circuit has placed a gloss on a state court decision in order to rescue that decision from federal constitutional shoals.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.identifier: 78 N.Y.2d 60, 60
citation_a.parenthetical: "[T]he interpretation of a Federal constitutional question by the lower Federal courts ... [is] not binding [on the New York Court of Appeals]."
citation_a.sentence: See Kin Kan, 78 N.Y.2d at 60, 571 N.Y.S.2d 436, 574 N.E.2d 1042, (“[T]he interpretation of a Federal constitutional question by the lower Federal courts ... [is] not binding [on the New York Court of Appeals].”); cf. People v. Joyner, 303 A.D.2d 421, 755 N.Y.S.2d 866, 867 (2d Dep’t 2003) (rejecting a lower federal court’s conclusion that state law violated the federal constitution).
citation_b.signal: cf.
citation_b.identifier: 755 N.Y.S.2d 866, 867
citation_b.parenthetical: rejecting a lower federal court's conclusion that state law violated the federal constitution
citation_b.sentence: See Kin Kan, 78 N.Y.2d at 60, 571 N.Y.S.2d 436, 574 N.E.2d 1042, (“[T]he interpretation of a Federal constitutional question by the lower Federal courts ... [is] not binding [on the New York Court of Appeals].”); cf. People v. Joyner, 303 A.D.2d 421, 755 N.Y.S.2d 866, 867 (2d Dep’t 2003) (rejecting a lower federal court’s conclusion that state law violated the federal constitution).