context: This evidence of controlled drug purchases on the subject site, a known informant's report of very recent drug activity on the premises, residents' efforts to bar police from the premises earlier on the day of the challenged search, and police observations of cash and drug paraphernalia on site shortly before seeking the challenged warrant easily admits a "fair probability that contraband or evidence of a crime" would be found on the premises.
citation_a.signal: see also
citation_a.parenthetical: holding that torn bag corners and steel wool, which can serve as crack pipe filter, support probable cause
citation_a.sentence: Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. at 238, 103 S.Ct. 2317; see United States v. Moreno, 701 F.3d 64, 74 (2d Cir.2012) (stating that “hasty retreat” into home on sight of police “manifests guilt and may, in appropriate circumstances, transform suspicion into probable cause”); United States v. Klump, 536 F.3d 113, 118 (2d Cir.2008) (stating that contraband or evidence of crime in plain view during “circumscribed search may be used to establish probable cause to obtain a warrant to conduct a broader search”); United States v. Perez, 144 F.3d 204, 208 (2d Cir.1998) (recognizing plastic baggies as packaging tools of drug trade); United States v. Wagner, 989 F.2d 69, 73 (2d Cir.1993) (recognizing controlled purchases as “powerful corroborative evidence” in determining probable cause); United States v. Fama, 758 F.2d 834, 838 (2d Cir.1985) (concluding that large amounts of unexplained cash supported probable cause for search warrant); see also United States v. Allebach, 526 F.3d 385, 387 & n. 4 (8th Cir.2008) (holding that torn bag corners and steel wool, which can serve as crack pipe filter, support probable cause).
citation_b.signal: see
citation_b.identifier: 701 F.3d 64, 74
citation_b.parenthetical: stating that "hasty retreat" into home on sight of police "manifests guilt and may, in appropriate circumstances, transform suspicion into probable cause"
citation_b.sentence: Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. at 238, 103 S.Ct. 2317; see United States v. Moreno, 701 F.3d 64, 74 (2d Cir.2012) (stating that “hasty retreat” into home on sight of police “manifests guilt and may, in appropriate circumstances, transform suspicion into probable cause”); United States v. Klump, 536 F.3d 113, 118 (2d Cir.2008) (stating that contraband or evidence of crime in plain view during “circumscribed search may be used to establish probable cause to obtain a warrant to conduct a broader search”); United States v. Perez, 144 F.3d 204, 208 (2d Cir.1998) (recognizing plastic baggies as packaging tools of drug trade); United States v. Wagner, 989 F.2d 69, 73 (2d Cir.1993) (recognizing controlled purchases as “powerful corroborative evidence” in determining probable cause); United States v. Fama, 758 F.2d 834, 838 (2d Cir.1985) (concluding that large amounts of unexplained cash supported probable cause for search warrant); see also United States v. Allebach, 526 F.3d 385, 387 & n. 4 (8th Cir.2008) (holding that torn bag corners and steel wool, which can serve as crack pipe filter, support probable cause).