context: . Contrary to the concurrence's assertion, this rule does not risk encroaching on Fourth Amendment rights. Computer users can protect their files by using a password, just as one who shares a footlocker can protect his photographs by placing them in a locked container inside the footlocker.
citation_a.signal: see also
citation_a.identifier: 275 F.3d 391, 403
citation_a.parenthetical: "To the extent a person wants to ensure that his possessions will be subject to a consent search only due to his own consent, he is free to place these items in an area over which others do not share access and control, be it a private room or a locked suitcase under a bed."
citation_a.sentence: See, e.g., United States v. Andrus, 483 F.3d 711, 718-20 (10th Cir.2007); United States v. Kim, 27 F.3d 947, 957 (3d Cir.1994) (explaining that consent to search an area does not include consent to search locked containers in that area); see also Randolph, 547 U.S. at 135, 126 S.Ct. 1515 (Roberts, C.J., dissenting) ("To the extent a person wants to ensure that his possessions will be subject to a consent search only due to his own consent, he is free to place these items in an area over which others do not share access and control, be it a private room or a locked suitcase under a bed.”). For example, in Trulock v. Freeh, the Fourth Circuit found that a defendant who protected his files with a password, had not "assumed the risk” that his co-user "would permit others to search his files.” 275 F.3d 391, 403 (4th Cir.2001).
citation_b.signal: see
citation_b.identifier: 27 F.3d 947, 957
citation_b.parenthetical: explaining that consent to search an area does not include consent to search locked containers in that area
citation_b.sentence: See, e.g., United States v. Andrus, 483 F.3d 711, 718-20 (10th Cir.2007); United States v. Kim, 27 F.3d 947, 957 (3d Cir.1994) (explaining that consent to search an area does not include consent to search locked containers in that area); see also Randolph, 547 U.S. at 135, 126 S.Ct. 1515 (Roberts, C.J., dissenting) ("To the extent a person wants to ensure that his possessions will be subject to a consent search only due to his own consent, he is free to place these items in an area over which others do not share access and control, be it a private room or a locked suitcase under a bed.”). For example, in Trulock v. Freeh, the Fourth Circuit found that a defendant who protected his files with a password, had not "assumed the risk” that his co-user "would permit others to search his files.” 275 F.3d 391, 403 (4th Cir.2001).