context: Indeed, the Government candidly conceded that the officers made a show of authority from the moment they first approached Lowe.
citation_a.signal: cf.
citation_a.identifier: 575 F.3d 308, 314
citation_a.parenthetical: holding that there was no show of authority when two officers repeatedly asked an individual 'Where is your girl's house?", but where "the two officers were still in their car, neither officer displayed his weapon, there was no physical touching, and no indication as to the language or tone of the officer's voice that might have signaled a clear show of authority"
citation_a.sentence: See United States v. Waterman, 569 F.3d 144, 144-46 (3d Cir.2009) (holding that a show of authority occurred when two uniformed police officers approached a house and commanded that people on the porch show their hands); cf. United States v. Smith, 575 F.3d 308, 314 (3d Cir.2009) (holding that there was no show of authority when two officers repeatedly asked an individual ‘Where is your girl’s house?”, but where “the two officers were still in their car, neither officer displayed his weapon, there was no physical touching, and no indication as to the language or tone of the officer’s voice that might have signaled a clear show of authority”).
citation_b.signal: see
citation_b.identifier: 569 F.3d 144, 144-46
citation_b.parenthetical: holding that a show of authority occurred when two uniformed police officers approached a house and commanded that people on the porch show their hands
citation_b.sentence: See United States v. Waterman, 569 F.3d 144, 144-46 (3d Cir.2009) (holding that a show of authority occurred when two uniformed police officers approached a house and commanded that people on the porch show their hands); cf. United States v. Smith, 575 F.3d 308, 314 (3d Cir.2009) (holding that there was no show of authority when two officers repeatedly asked an individual ‘Where is your girl’s house?”, but where “the two officers were still in their car, neither officer displayed his weapon, there was no physical touching, and no indication as to the language or tone of the officer’s voice that might have signaled a clear show of authority”).