context: . In Winters, the Fifth Circuit combined and considered together the "acting under" and "causal nexus" prongs.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.parenthetical: cigarette manufacturers were not "acting under" direction of federal officer in light of federal laws, rules, and regulations governing labeling requirements on cigarettes
citation_a.sentence: See Watson, 551 U.S. 142, 127 S.Ct. 2301, 168 L.Ed.2d 42 (cigarette manufacturers were not "acting under” direction of federal officer in light of federal laws, rules, and regulations governing labeling requirements on cigarettes); see also Wilde v. Huntington Ingalls, Inc., 616 Fed.Appx. 710, 713 (5th Cir.2015) (concluding that the "acting under” sub-part was satisfied, but the "causal nexus” requirement was not satisfied).
citation_b.signal: see also
citation_b.identifier: 616 Fed.Appx. 710, 713
citation_b.parenthetical: concluding that the "acting under" sub-part was satisfied, but the "causal nexus" requirement was not satisfied
citation_b.sentence: See Watson, 551 U.S. 142, 127 S.Ct. 2301, 168 L.Ed.2d 42 (cigarette manufacturers were not "acting under” direction of federal officer in light of federal laws, rules, and regulations governing labeling requirements on cigarettes); see also Wilde v. Huntington Ingalls, Inc., 616 Fed.Appx. 710, 713 (5th Cir.2015) (concluding that the "acting under” sub-part was satisfied, but the "causal nexus” requirement was not satisfied).