context: . This conclusion is also supported by our case law relating to whether border searches are "routine" for purposes of Fourth Amendment analysis.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.identifier: 715 F.2d 43, 47
citation_a.parenthetical: noting that questions about "citizenship, the length and purpose of [an applicant's] trip to Canada, [and] what items she had acquired or bought in Canada" are all routine
citation_a.sentence: See, e.g., Tabbaa v. Chertoff, 509 F.3d 89, 97-101 (2d Cir.2007) (holding that border searches where returning attendees of an Islamic conference in Canada were detained for four to six hours, interrogated, patted down, fingerprinted, and photographed were "routine” for Fourth Amendment purposes); United States v. Irving, 452 F.3d 110, 123 (2d Cir.2006) ("Routine searches include those searches of outer clothing, luggage, a purse, wallet, pockets, or shoes which, unlike strip searches, do not substantially infringe on a traveler's privacy rights.”); United States v. Silva, 715 F.2d 43, 47 (2d Cir.1983) (noting that questions about “citizenship, the length and purpose of [an applicant's] trip to Canada, [and] what items she had acquired or bought in Canada” are all routine); see also United Stales v. Flores-Montano, 541 U.S. 149, 155 n. 3, 124 S.Ct. 1582, 158 L.Ed.2d 311 (2004) ("We think it clear that delays of one to two hours at international borders are to be expected.”).
citation_b.signal: see also
citation_b.parenthetical: "We think it clear that delays of one to two hours at international borders are to be expected."
citation_b.sentence: See, e.g., Tabbaa v. Chertoff, 509 F.3d 89, 97-101 (2d Cir.2007) (holding that border searches where returning attendees of an Islamic conference in Canada were detained for four to six hours, interrogated, patted down, fingerprinted, and photographed were "routine” for Fourth Amendment purposes); United States v. Irving, 452 F.3d 110, 123 (2d Cir.2006) ("Routine searches include those searches of outer clothing, luggage, a purse, wallet, pockets, or shoes which, unlike strip searches, do not substantially infringe on a traveler's privacy rights.”); United States v. Silva, 715 F.2d 43, 47 (2d Cir.1983) (noting that questions about “citizenship, the length and purpose of [an applicant's] trip to Canada, [and] what items she had acquired or bought in Canada” are all routine); see also United Stales v. Flores-Montano, 541 U.S. 149, 155 n. 3, 124 S.Ct. 1582, 158 L.Ed.2d 311 (2004) ("We think it clear that delays of one to two hours at international borders are to be expected.”).