context: To "cause" the presentation of false claims under the FCA, some degree of participation in the claims process is required. As defendants acknowledge, actually delegating the submission of claims to one who then files a false claim suffices.
citation_a.signal: see also
citation_a.parenthetical: construing earlier version of FCA to reach "any person who knowingly assisted in causing the government to pay claims which were grounded in fraud, without regard to whether that person had direct contractual relations with the government"
citation_a.sentence: Mackby, 261 F.3d at 827 (doctor caused false claims to be submitted to Medicare where he instructed his clinic’s billing service to put false information on Medicare claims); Krizek, 111 F.3d at 943 (defendant liable where he delegated to his wife authority to submit claims on his .behalf and did not review them); see also United States ex rel. Marcus v. Hess, 317 U.S. 537, 544-45, 63 S.Ct. 379, 87 L.Ed. 443 (1943) (construing earlier version of FCA to reach “any person who knowingly assisted in causing the government to pay claims which were grounded in fraud, without regard to whether that person had direct contractual relations with the government”).
citation_b.signal: no signal
citation_b.identifier: 261 F.3d 827, 827
citation_b.parenthetical: doctor caused false claims to be submitted to Medicare where he instructed his clinic's billing service to put false information on Medicare claims
citation_b.sentence: Mackby, 261 F.3d at 827 (doctor caused false claims to be submitted to Medicare where he instructed his clinic’s billing service to put false information on Medicare claims); Krizek, 111 F.3d at 943 (defendant liable where he delegated to his wife authority to submit claims on his .behalf and did not review them); see also United States ex rel. Marcus v. Hess, 317 U.S. 537, 544-45, 63 S.Ct. 379, 87 L.Ed. 443 (1943) (construing earlier version of FCA to reach “any person who knowingly assisted in causing the government to pay claims which were grounded in fraud, without regard to whether that person had direct contractual relations with the government”).