context: The Estate's argument is incorrect. Under SS 1983, the defendant commanders could have been held liable for setting off a chain of events that led to a violation of Escobedo's constitutional right to be free from excessive force, not for his death.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.identifier: 856 F.2d 985, 992-93
citation_a.parenthetical: discussing the liability of supervisors in the context of violations of constitutional rights
citation_a.sentence: See Jones v. City of Chi, 856 F.2d 985, 992-93 (7th Cir.1988) (discussing the liability of supervisors in the context of violations of constitutional rights); see also Robertson v. Wegmann, 436 U.S. 584, 589-90, 98 S.Ct. 1991, 56 L.Ed.2d 554 (1978) (“As we noted ... one specific area not covered by federal law is that relating to the survival of civil rights actions under § 1983 upon the death of either the plaintiff or defendant.”) (citations and quotations omitted); McAllister v. Price, 615 F.3d 877, 882 (7th Cir.2010) (under the Fourth Amendment, the injury or death of an individual does not affect the substance of a § 1983 claim for excessive force, but rather is relevant as evidence of the reasonableness of the force).
citation_b.signal: see also
citation_b.identifier: 615 F.3d 877, 882
citation_b.parenthetical: under the Fourth Amendment, the injury or death of an individual does not affect the substance of a SS 1983 claim for excessive force, but rather is relevant as evidence of the reasonableness of the force
citation_b.sentence: See Jones v. City of Chi, 856 F.2d 985, 992-93 (7th Cir.1988) (discussing the liability of supervisors in the context of violations of constitutional rights); see also Robertson v. Wegmann, 436 U.S. 584, 589-90, 98 S.Ct. 1991, 56 L.Ed.2d 554 (1978) (“As we noted ... one specific area not covered by federal law is that relating to the survival of civil rights actions under § 1983 upon the death of either the plaintiff or defendant.”) (citations and quotations omitted); McAllister v. Price, 615 F.3d 877, 882 (7th Cir.2010) (under the Fourth Amendment, the injury or death of an individual does not affect the substance of a § 1983 claim for excessive force, but rather is relevant as evidence of the reasonableness of the force).