context: Richardson, to be clear, does not hold that a state felon disenfranchisement law may never raise equal protection concerns. If a state enacts a law which disenfranchises felons "with the intent of disenfranchising blacks," that state has run afoul of SS 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment.
citation_a.signal: no signal
citation_a.identifier: 471 U.S. 222, 229
citation_a.parenthetical: holding Alabama's petty crime and misdemeanor disenfranchisement provisions unconstitutional under Equal Protection Clause based on evidence of discriminatory intent
citation_a.sentence: Hunter v. Underwood, 471 U.S. 222, 229, 105 S.Ct. 1916, 85 L.Ed.2d 222 (1985) (holding Alabama’s petty crime and misdemeanor disenfranchisement provisions unconstitutional under Equal Protection Clause based on evidence of discriminatory intent); see also City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Ctr., 473 U.S. 432, 477, 105 S.Ct. 3249, n. 25, 87 L.Ed.2d 313 (1985) (“[In Hunter ], we did not suggest that felons could not be deprived of the vote through a statute motivated by some purpose other than racial discrimination.”).
citation_b.signal: see also
citation_b.parenthetical: "[In Hunter ], we did not suggest that felons could not be deprived of the vote through a statute motivated by some purpose other than racial discrimination."
citation_b.sentence: Hunter v. Underwood, 471 U.S. 222, 229, 105 S.Ct. 1916, 85 L.Ed.2d 222 (1985) (holding Alabama’s petty crime and misdemeanor disenfranchisement provisions unconstitutional under Equal Protection Clause based on evidence of discriminatory intent); see also City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Ctr., 473 U.S. 432, 477, 105 S.Ct. 3249, n. 25, 87 L.Ed.2d 313 (1985) (“[In Hunter ], we did not suggest that felons could not be deprived of the vote through a statute motivated by some purpose other than racial discrimination.”).