context: The Court need not reach the merits of defendants' qualified immunity defense with respect to plaintiffs' section 1983 claims, because they fail to state a claim under that provision.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.identifier: 500 U.S. 233, 233
citation_a.parenthetical: no need to consider immunity defense where plaintiff failed to establish constitutional violation, stating that "[t]his [is] the desirab[le] ... approach"
citation_a.sentence: See Siegert, 500 U.S. at 233 (no need to consider immunity defense where plaintiff failed to establish constitutional violation, stating that “[t]his [is] the desirab[le] ... approach”).
citation_b.signal: see also
citation_b.parenthetical: Because appellants failed to show deprivation of rights under section 1983, "it is not necessary ... to decide ... question [of] immunity"
citation_b.sentence: See also Martinez v. California, 444 U.S. 277, 284, 100 S.Ct. 553, 62 L.Ed.2d 481 (1980) (Because appellants failed to show deprivation of rights under section 1983, “it is not necessary ... to decide ... question [of] immunity”).