context: We believe that a close examination of the case law in this Circuit and elsewhere indicates that the search here in question may be characterized correctly as a routine border search not requiring reasonable suspicion.
citation_a.signal: cf.
citation_a.identifier: 576 F.2d 279, 281, 284
citation_a.parenthetical: patdown followed by request that defendant remove boot not equivalent to "strip search"
citation_a.sentence: Grotke, supra, 702 F.2d at 51-52 (patdown followed by removal of shoes held “ ‘minimally intrusive’ ” routine border search, quoting Nieves, supra, 609 F.2d at 646); United States v. Moody, 649 F.2d 124, 126-27 (2 Cir.1981) (border “patdown” followed by request that defendant pull down girdle in private room did not necessarily require reasonable suspicion); Luc-Thirion, supra, 501 F.Supp. at 878-79 (removal of jacket and patdown of border entrant did not require reasonable suspicion); see also United States v. Braks, 842 F.2d 509, 512-15 (1 Cir.1988) (lifting up of skirt by defendant in private room revealing bulge of drugs in girdle, held part of routine border search and did not necessarily require any degree of suspicion); United States v. Oyekan, 786 F.2d 832, 835 (8 Cir.1986) (initial patdown followed by search of defendants’ luggage and purses held routine border search); cf. United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279, 281, 284 (10 Cir.) (patdown followed by request that defendant remove boot not equivalent to “strip search”), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 [99 S.Ct. 279, 58 L.Ed.2d 256] (1978).
citation_b.signal: no signal
citation_b.identifier: 609 F.2d 646, 646
citation_b.parenthetical: patdown followed by removal of shoes held " 'minimally intrusive' " routine border search, quoting Nieves, supra, 609 F.2d at 646
citation_b.sentence: Grotke, supra, 702 F.2d at 51-52 (patdown followed by removal of shoes held “ ‘minimally intrusive’ ” routine border search, quoting Nieves, supra, 609 F.2d at 646); United States v. Moody, 649 F.2d 124, 126-27 (2 Cir.1981) (border “patdown” followed by request that defendant pull down girdle in private room did not necessarily require reasonable suspicion); Luc-Thirion, supra, 501 F.Supp. at 878-79 (removal of jacket and patdown of border entrant did not require reasonable suspicion); see also United States v. Braks, 842 F.2d 509, 512-15 (1 Cir.1988) (lifting up of skirt by defendant in private room revealing bulge of drugs in girdle, held part of routine border search and did not necessarily require any degree of suspicion); United States v. Oyekan, 786 F.2d 832, 835 (8 Cir.1986) (initial patdown followed by search of defendants’ luggage and purses held routine border search); cf. United States v. Fitzgibbon, 576 F.2d 279, 281, 284 (10 Cir.) (patdown followed by request that defendant remove boot not equivalent to “strip search”), cert. denied, 439 U.S. 910 [99 S.Ct. 279, 58 L.Ed.2d 256] (1978).