context: The analysis in the preceding section disposes of the need to address defendant Davis' qualified immunity defense.
citation_a.signal: see
citation_a.parenthetical: "Because we find no Bivens remedy under the circumstances of this case, we need not address the qualified immunity issue."
citation_a.sentence: Martinez v. California, 444 U.S. 277, 284, 100 S.Ct. 553, 558, 62 L.Ed.2d 481 (1980) (citing Baker v. McCollan, 443 U.S. 137, 140, 99 S.Ct. 2689, 2692, 61 L.Ed.2d 433 (1979)); Carlson v. Conklin, 813 F.2d 769, 771 (6th Cir.1987) (“If the plaintiff here has failed to state a § 1983 claim, Johnson’s qualified immunity defense becomes moot.”); see Hill v. Department of the Air Force, 884 F.2d 1318, 1320 (10th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 495 U.S. 947, 110 S.Ct. 2206, 109 L.Ed.2d 532 (1990) (“Because we find no Bivens remedy under the circumstances of this case, we need not address the qualified immunity issue.”); Sheldon H.
citation_b.signal: no signal
citation_b.identifier: 813 F.2d 769, 771
citation_b.parenthetical: "If the plaintiff here has failed to state a SS 1983 claim, Johnson's qualified immunity defense becomes moot."
citation_b.sentence: Martinez v. California, 444 U.S. 277, 284, 100 S.Ct. 553, 558, 62 L.Ed.2d 481 (1980) (citing Baker v. McCollan, 443 U.S. 137, 140, 99 S.Ct. 2689, 2692, 61 L.Ed.2d 433 (1979)); Carlson v. Conklin, 813 F.2d 769, 771 (6th Cir.1987) (“If the plaintiff here has failed to state a § 1983 claim, Johnson’s qualified immunity defense becomes moot.”); see Hill v. Department of the Air Force, 884 F.2d 1318, 1320 (10th Cir.1989), cert. denied, 495 U.S. 947, 110 S.Ct. 2206, 109 L.Ed.2d 532 (1990) (“Because we find no Bivens remedy under the circumstances of this case, we need not address the qualified immunity issue.”); Sheldon H.