context: Keeping this framework in mind, Defendants' immunity-based affirmative defenses fail for two reasons. First, Plaintiffs are suing the individual Defendants in their official capacities, and therefore they are not entitled to any immunity that the Village does not also possess, meaning they cannot claim qualified or absolute immunity.
citation_a.signal: cf.
citation_a.identifier: 996 F.2d 522, 529
citation_a.parenthetical: "To the extent that a state official is sued for damages in his official capacity, such a suit is deemed to be a suit against the state, and the official is entitled to invoke the Eleventh Amendment immunity belonging to the state."
citation_a.sentence: Sch. Dist., No. 02-CV-115, 2003 WL 23350123, at *2 (W.D.N.Y. Oct. 16, 2003) (“[The defendant] may not claim the defense of qualified immunity because he was sued in his official capacity.”); cf. Ying Jing Gan v. City of N.Y., 996 F.2d 522, 529 (2d-Cir.l993) (“To the extent that a state official is sued for damages in his official capacity, such a suit is deemed to be a suit against the state, and the official is entitled to invoke the Eleventh Amendment immunity belonging to the state.”).
citation_b.signal: no signal
citation_b.identifier: 2003 WL 23350123, at *2
citation_b.parenthetical: "[The defendant] may not claim the defense of qualified immunity because he was sued in his official capacity."
citation_b.sentence: Sch. Dist., No. 02-CV-115, 2003 WL 23350123, at *2 (W.D.N.Y. Oct. 16, 2003) (“[The defendant] may not claim the defense of qualified immunity because he was sued in his official capacity.”); cf. Ying Jing Gan v. City of N.Y., 996 F.2d 522, 529 (2d-Cir.l993) (“To the extent that a state official is sued for damages in his official capacity, such a suit is deemed to be a suit against the state, and the official is entitled to invoke the Eleventh Amendment immunity belonging to the state.”).