context: The second factor has a bit more heft. A gesture (like a touching of the body) that might appear perfectly innocent to a casual onlooker (scratching oneself or feeling for a wallet, for example), depending on the setting and circumstances, may nonetheless appear suspect to an experienced officer.
citation_a.signal: see also
citation_a.identifier: 548 F.3d 179, 187-188
citation_a.parenthetical: two men walking single-file behind a third off a sidewalk onto a dark wooded path at night appeared to be readying themselves for potential robbery or drug deal
citation_a.sentence: See also United States v. Padilla, 548 F.3d 179, 187-188 (2d Cir.2008) (two men walking single-file behind a third off a sidewalk onto a dark wooded path at night appeared to be readying themselves for potential robbery or drug deal).
citation_b.signal: no signal
citation_b.identifier: 534 U.S. 275, 275-276
citation_b.parenthetical: driver's slowing down, stiffening of posture, and failure to acknowledge a law enforcement officer in rural area combined with "methodical" waving to the officer by child passengers raised reasonable suspicion for an experienced border patrol agent
citation_b.sentence: Arvizu, 534 U.S. at 275-276, 122 S.Ct. 744 (driver’s slowing down, stiffening of posture, and failure to acknowledge a law enforcement officer in rural area combined with “methodical” waving to the officer by child passengers raised reasonable suspicion for an experienced border patrol agent).