Discuss common evaluation metrics used to assess the quality and accuracy of automatically generated text summaries. Explain the advantages and limitations of these metrics.
Discuss common evaluation metrics used to assess the quality and accuracy of automatically generated text summaries. Explain the advantages and limitations of these metrics.
user
Evaluation metrics like ROUGE (Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation) and BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) are commonly used to assess automatically generated summaries by comparing them to human-written reference summaries. ROUGE measures overlap of n-grams between the system and reference summaries, while BLEU focuses on precision. These metrics provide quantitative scores but have limitations, as they do not directly measure coherence, readability, or factual accuracy. Other metrics like pyramid scoring and question-answering based evaluation aim to address these shortcomings, but manual evaluation by humans remains the most reliable assessment method.
assistant
Generate a series of (instruction, response) pairs that are similar in context and structure to the example provided below. Each pair should consist of a concise instruction followed by an appropriate, detailed response. The instruction should pose a clear task or question, while the response should provide a comprehensive answer or solution that could be understood by someone with a basic understanding of the subject.

Example pair: 
Instruction: Hi. Please summarize the benefits of a Roth IRA in one sentence.

This is the paragraph I'd like you to summarize.

What Are the Advantages of a Roth IRA?
While Roth IRAs do not include an employer match, they do allow for a greater diversity of investment options. For individuals who anticipate that they will be in a higher tax bracket when they’re older, Roth IRAs can also provide a beneficial option. In Roth IRAs, you can withdraw your contributions (but not earnings) tax- and penalty-free.
Ultimately, you can manage how you want to invest your Roth IRA by setting up an account with a brokerage, bank, or qualified financial institution.

Response: With a Roth IRA, contributors can invest in more types of investment vehicles than traditional IRAs and because the contribution taxes are paid upfront, the beneficiary can withdraw the funds without taxes or penalties.

Your task is to generate more pairs that maintain this level of clarity and detail. The topic is Summarization. Write a long text of instruction by yourself, then summarize the given instruction in a response. Ensure that the responses are informative and accurate, suitable for an educational context. 

Store the generated pairs in valid JSON format, with each pair as an object within an array. Each object should have two key-value pairs: "instruction" and "response". For instance: 

{"contents": [{"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, {"instruction": "text", "response": "text"}, ...]} 

Remember to maintain consistency in the format and ensure the generated pairs are diverse and cover a broad range of subjects. You must return the response in the asked format and you must not add any additional text in your response.
