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language stringclasses 1 value	text_id stringlengths 25 25	page_url stringlengths 31 232	page_title stringlengths 1 202	section_title stringlengths 1 674	hierarchical_section_title stringlengths 1 712	context_page_description stringlengths 0 1.2k	context_section_description stringlengths 0 4.1k
en	wit-train-topic-000000738	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogdan_Borusewicz	Bogdan Borusewicz	Senator and Marshal	Bogdan Borusewicz / In post-1989 Poland / Senator and Marshal	Bogdan Michał Borusewicz, was the Marshal in the Polish Senate from 20 October 2005 to 11 November 2015. Borusewicz was a democratic opposition activist under the Communist regime, a member of the Polish parliament for three terms and first Senate Marshal to serve two terms in this office. He was the acting president of Poland for a few hours in 2010.	He was chosen a senator in the 2005 parliamentary election, running as an independent but supported by both the Law and Justice (PiS) and Civic Platform (PO) parties. He was chosen as the Marshal (Speaker) of the Senate with their support. During first term he was caucused with PiS and after 2007 parliamentary election, with PO. After Parliamentary election in 2015 Civic Platform preceded to opposition and Borusewicz was made Deputy Marshal of the Senate.
en	wit-train-topic-000000739	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefanie_V%C3%B6gele	Stefanie Vögele	2017	Stefanie Vögele / Professional career / 2017	Stefanie Vögele is a professional Swiss tennis player. She reached her highest WTA singles ranking of No. 42 on 11 November 2013. Her career-high in doubles is No. 103, set on 12 January 2015.	Vögele kicked off her 2017 season at the Shenzhen Open. Coming through qualifying, she lost in the first round to fellow qualifier Ons Jabeur. Getting past qualifying at the Australian Open, Vögele won her first-round match over Kurumi Nara. She was defeated in the second round by thirteenth seed and seven-time Grand Slam champion Venus Williams.
en	wit-train-topic-000000740	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Mordaunt	Harriet Mordaunt	Marriage	Harriet Mordaunt / Marriage	Harriet Sarah, Lady Mordaunt was the Scottish wife of an English baronet and Member of Parliament, Sir Charles Mordaunt. She was the respondent in a sensational divorce case in which the Prince of Wales was embroiled, and after a counter-petition had led to a finding of mental disorder she spent the remaining 36 years of her life out of sight in a series of privately rented houses, and then in various private lunatic asylums, finally ending her days in Sutton, Surrey.	On 6 December 1866, at the age of 18, Lady Mordaunt married Sir Charles Mordaunt, 10th baronet (1836–1897) at St. John’s Episcopal Church in Perth. Sir Charles was a Conservative M.P. for the two-member constituency of South Warwickshire from 1859 to 1868. Through his brother, John Murray Mordaunt (1837–1923), who played cricket for Warwickshire and I Zingari, he was the uncle of three other cricketing Mordaunts, H.J. (Sir Henry Mordaunt, 12th baronet), E.C. and G.J., who all appeared at county level. The couple lived at Walton Hall, Warwickshire, which, to mark his coming-of-age, Sir Charles had commissioned in the fashionable Gothic Revival style from the architect George Gilbert Scott, who later designed St. Pancras station in London. A descendant of Sir Charles once counted 72 bedrooms at Walton. They also had a residence in Belgrave Square, London. The Mordaunts remained part of the so-called "Marlborough House set" who were associated socially with the Prince and Princess of Wales. According to later legal reports, Sir Charles made a “handsome” settlement on his wife at the time of their marriage and initially they appeared to live “most happily together”. However, it became clear subsequently that Lady Mordaunt was in the habit of entertaining male guests alone while her husband was absent on Parliamentary business or engaged in his various sporting pursuits.
en	wit-train-topic-000000741	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roe	Roe	India and Pakistan	Roe / Around the world / Asia / India and Pakistan	Roe or hard roe is the fully ripe internal egg masses in the ovaries, or the released external egg masses of fish and certain marine animals, such as shrimp, scallop, sea urchins, and squid. As a seafood, roe is used both as a cooked ingredient in many dishes and as a raw ingredient. The roe of marine animals, such as the roe of lumpsucker, hake, mullet, salmon, Atlantic bonito, mackerel, squid, and cuttlefish are especially rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids, but omega-3s are present in all fish roe. Also, a significant amount of vitamin B₁₂ is among the nutrients present in fish roes. Roe from a sturgeon or sometimes other fish such as flathead grey mullet, is the raw base product from which caviar is made. The term soft roe or white roe denotes fish milt, not fish eggs.	Among the tribal populace of eastern India, roe that has been deeply roasted over an open fire is a delicacy. In this region, the roe of rohu is also considered a delicacy and is eaten fried or as a stuffing within a fried pointed gourd to make potoler dolma. All along the Konkan coast and Northern Kerala, the roe of sardines, black mackerel and several other fish is considered a delicacy. The roe can be eaten fried (after being coated with red chilli paste) and also as a thick curry (gashi). In Goa, roe is first steamed or poached, then coated with salt and chilli powder and then shallow fried or roasted on a tawa (flat pan). In the state of Kerala, roe is deep fried in coconut oil, and is considered a delicacy. A common method of quick preparation is to wrap the roe in wet banana leaves and cook it over charcoal embers. In Odisha and West Bengal, roe of several fresh-water fish, including hilsa, are eaten, the roe being cooked separately or along with the fish, the latter method being preferred for all but large fishes. Roe, either light or deep-fried are also eaten as snacks or appetizers before a major meal. All along the Indus River and Specially South Pakistan Sindh, the roe of Palla, Palla and several other fish is considered a delicacy. The roe can be eaten fried (after being coated with red chilli paste) and also as a thick curry (Salan/Curry). coated with salt and chilli powder and then shallow fried or roasted on a tawa (flat pan).
en	wit-train-topic-000000742	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Biesheuvel_cabinet	First Biesheuvel cabinet	Cabinet Members	First Biesheuvel cabinet / Cabinet Members	The First Biesheuvel cabinet was the executive branch of the Dutch Government from 6 July 1971 until 9 August 1972. The cabinet was formed by the christian-democratic Catholic People's Party, Anti-Revolutionary Party and Christian Historical Union, the conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy and the social-democratic Democratic Socialists '70 after the election of 1971. The cabinet was a centre coalition and had a small majority in the House of Representatives. Protestant Leader Barend Biesheuvel of the Anti-Revolutionary Party] served as Prime Minister. Prominent Catholic politician Roelof Nelissen served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance and former Liberal Leader Molly Geertsema served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior. The cabinet suffered several major internal conflicts and fell just a year into its term on 19 July 1972 and was replaced with the caretaker Cabinet Biesheuvel II.	ᴿᵉˢⁱᵍⁿᵉᵈ ᴿᵉᵗᵃⁱⁿᵉᵈ ᶠʳᵒᵐ ᵗʰᵉ ᵖʳᵉᵛⁱᵒᵘˢ ᶜᵃᵇⁱⁿᵉᵗ Continued in the next cabinet
en	wit-train-topic-000000743	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Brinkley	Paul Brinkley	Introduction	Paul Brinkley		Paul Andrew Brinkley (born November 15, 1966 in Dallas, Texas) is an American businessman and government official. Brinkley is the co-founder and current CEO of North America Western Asia Holdings, an investment and business development firm based in Washington, D.C. Brinkley served as the United States Deputy Undersecretary of Defense under Secretaries of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Robert Gates from 2004 to 2011.
en	wit-train-topic-000000744	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Lobb	Les Lobb	Introduction	Les Lobb		Les Lobb (5 September 1894 – 3 March 1970) was a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
en	wit-train-topic-000000745	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_sediments	Cyclic sediments	2) Autocycles	Cyclic sediments / Processes leading to cyclic sedimentation / 2) Autocycles	Cyclic sediments are sequences of sedimentary rocks that are characterised by repetitive patterns of different rock types or facies within the sequence. Processes that generate sedimentary cyclicity can be either autocyclic or allocyclic, and can result in piles of sedimentary cycles hundreds or even thousands of metres thick. The study of sequence stratigraphy was developed from controversies over the causes of cyclic sedimentation.	Autocycles are sedimentary cycles that are created by processes that only take place within the basin of deposition and that involve free oscillations of the sedimentary system; indeed, the resulting cyclic succession is only function of the geometrical and sedimentary parameters characteristic of the depositional system (e.g.: shelf dimension and shape, carbonate productivity, etc.). Autocycles show limited stratigraphic continuity. An example of autocyclic sedimentation on a carbonate platform was provided by Septfontaine M. (1985): Depositional environments and associated foraminifera (lituolids) in the middle liasic carbonate platform of Morocco.- Rev. de Micropal., 28/4, 265-289. See also www.palgeo.ch/publications.
en	wit-train-topic-000000746	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Watson-Watt	Robert Watson-Watt	Contribution to Second World War	Robert Watson-Watt / Contribution to Second World War	Sir Robert Alexander Watson Watt, KCB, FRS, FRAeS was a British pioneer of radio direction finding and radar technology. Watt began his career in radio physics with a job at the Met Office, where he began looking for accurate ways to track thunderstorms using the radio signals given off by lightning. This led to the 1920s development of a system later known as huff-duff. Although well publicized at the time, the system's enormous military potential was not developed until the late 1930s. Huff-duff allowed operators to determine the location of an enemy radio in seconds and it became a major part of the network of systems that helped defeat the U-boat threat. It is estimated that huff-duff was used in about a quarter of all attacks on U-boats. In 1935 Watt was asked to comment on reports of a German death ray based on radio. Watt and his assistant Arnold Frederic Wilkins quickly determined it was not possible, but Wilkins suggested using radio signals to locate aircraft at long distances. This led to a February 1935 demonstration where signals from a BBC short-wave transmitter were bounced off a Handley Page Heyford aircraft.	In his English History 1914–1945, historian A. J. P. Taylor paid the highest of praise to Watson-Watt, Sir Henry Tizard and their associates who developed and put in place radar, crediting them with being fundamental to victory in the Second World War. In July 1938, Watson-Watt left Bawdsey Manor and took up the post of Director of Communications Development (DCD-RAE). In 1939, Sir George Lee took over the job of DCD, and Watson-Watt became Scientific Advisor on Telecommunications (SAT) to the Ministry of Aircraft Production, travelling to the US in 1941 to advise them on the severe inadequacies of their air defence, illustrated by the Pearl Harbor attack. He was knighted by George VI in 1942 and received the US Medal for Merit in 1946. Ten years after his knighthood, Watson-Watt was awarded £50,000 by the UK government for his contributions in the development of radar. He established a practice as a consulting engineer. In the 1950s, he moved to Canada and later he lived in the US, where he published Three Steps to Victory in 1958. Around 1958, he appeared as a mystery challenger on the American television programme To Tell The Truth. In 1956, Watson-Watt reportedly was pulled over for speeding in Canada by a radar gun-toting policeman. His remark was, "Had I known what you were going to do with it I would never have invented it!". He wrote an ironic poem ("Rough Justice") afterwards: Pity Sir Robert Watson-Watt, strange target of this radar plot And thus, with others I can mention, the victim of his own invention. His magical all-seeing eye enabled cloud-bound planes to fly but now by some ironic twist it spots the speeding motorist and bites, no doubt with legal wit, the hand that once created it.
en	wit-train-topic-000000747	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Recorded_Texas_Historic_Landmarks_(Grayson-Hudspeth)	List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks (Grayson-Hudspeth)	Hays County	List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks (Grayson-Hudspeth) / Hays County	The following is a partial list of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks arranged by county as designated by the Texas Historical Commission and local county historical commissions in Texas. This page includes RTHLs in the following counties: Grayson, Gregg, Grimes, Guadalupe, Hale, Hall, Hamilton, Hansford, Hardeman, Hardin, Harris, Harrison, Hartley, Haskell, Hays, Hemphill, Henderson, Hidalgo, Hill, Hockley, Hood, Hopkins, Houston, Howard, and Hudspeth. KEY Landmarks with multiple historic designations are colored according to their highest designation within the following hierarchy.
en	wit-train-topic-000000748	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derrick_Luckassen	Derrick Luckassen	Introduction	Derrick Luckassen		Derrick Luckassen (born 3 July 1995) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Anderlecht on loan from PSV Eindhoven.
en	wit-train-topic-000000749	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_French_paratrooper_units	List of French paratrooper units	Battalions and Colonial Parachute Groups	List of French paratrooper units / French Army / Colonial and Troupes de Marine / Battalions and Colonial Parachute Groups	The history of French airborne units began in the Interwar period when the French Armed Forces formed specialized paratroopers units. First formed in the French Air Force, they were rapidly integrated into the French Army, French Navy, National Gendarmerie and from the British Armed Forces. Some were later included in the postwar French Armed Forces.	1st Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (1e BCCP, 1e GCCP, 1e BPC, then B.P.C - 1ᵉʳ R.P.I.Ma). 2nd Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (2e BCCP, 2e GCCP, 2e BPC, then 2e RPC - 2nd Marine Infantry Parachute Regiment(2e RPIMa). 3rd Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (3e BCCP, 3e BPC, then 3e RPC, 3e RPIMa). 4th Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (French: fr:4e bataillon colonial de commandos parachutistes) (4e BCCP - dissolved). 5th Colonial Parachute Infantry Battalion (French: 5ᵉ Bataillon Parachutiste d'Infanterie Colonial) (5ᵉ BPIC - dissolved). 5th Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (French: 5ᵉ Bataillon Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes) (5ᵉ BCCP then 5ᵉ BPC - dissolved). 6th Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (French: 6ᵉ Bataillon Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes) (6ᵉ BCCP, 6ᵉ GCCP then 6ᵉ BPC, then 6ᵉ R.P.C - 6ᵉ R.P.I.Ma). 7th Colonial Parachute Commando Battalion (French: 7ᵉ Bataillon Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes) (7ᵉ BCCP, 7ᵉ GCCP then 7ᵉ BPC - dissolved). 8th Colonial Parachute Battalion (French: 8ᵉ Bataillon de Parachutistes Coloniaux) (8ᵉ BPC, then 8ᵉ R.P.C - 8ᵉ R.P.I.Ma). 10th Colonial Parachute Battalion (French: 10ᵉ Bataillon de Parachutistes Coloniaux) (10ᵉ BPC). Colonial Group Parachute Commando of Madagascar (French: Groupe Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes de Madagascar) (GCCP Madagascar - dissolved). Colonial Group Parachute Commando of AEF (French: Groupe Colonial de Commandos Parachutistes d'AEF) (GCCP AEF - dissolved). Marine Infantry Parachute Company (French: Compagnie Parachutiste d'Infanterie de Marine) (CPIMA and 6ᵉ CPIMa - dissolved).
en	wit-train-topic-000000750	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_Stewart_Gardner	Isabella Stewart Gardner	Travel and collecting	Isabella Stewart Gardner / Travel and collecting	Isabella Stewart Gardner was a leading American art collector, philanthropist, and patron of the arts. She founded the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. Gardner possessed an energetic intellectual curiosity and a love of travel. She was a friend of noted artists and writers of the day, including John Singer Sargent, James McNeill Whistler, Dennis Miller Bunker, Anders Zorn, Henry James, Okakura Kakuzo and Francis Marion Crawford. Gardner created much fodder for the gossip columns of the day with her reputation for stylish tastes and unconventional behavior. The Boston society pages called her by many names, including "Belle," "Donna Isabella," "Isabella of Boston," and "Mrs. Jack". Her surprising appearance at a 1912 concert wearing a white headband emblazoned with "Oh, you Red Sox" was reported at the time to have "almost caused a panic", and remains still in Boston one of the most talked about of her eccentricities.	In 1874, Isabella and Jack Gardner visited the Middle East, Central Europe and Paris. Beginning in the late 1880s, they traveled frequently across America, Europe and Asia to discover foreign cultures and expand their knowledge of art around the world. Jack and Isabella would take more than a dozen trips abroad over the years, keeping them out of the country for a total of ten years. The earliest works in the Gardners' collection were accumulated during their trips to Europe especially. In 1891, she started to focus on European fine art after inheriting $1.75 million from her father. One of her first acquisitions was The Concert by Vermeer (c. 1664), purchased at a Paris auction house in 1892. She also collected from other places abroad such as Egypt, Turkey, and the Far East. The Gardners began to collect in earnest in the late 1890s, rapidly building a world-class collection primarily of paintings and statues, but also tapestries, photographs, silver, ceramics and manuscripts, and architectural elements such as doors, stained glass, and mantelpieces. In the early years of the 20th century, Isabella traveled with friend and Boston architect Edmund March Wheelwright to collect for the Harvard Lampoon Building, also called "Lampoon Castle", a faux Flemish castle in Harvard Square. Isabella donated many pieces of art to the castle over her years of collecting. The value of this collection is uncertain, due to the secret nature of the Lampoon. Nearly seventy works of art in her collection were acquired with the help of dealer Bernard Berenson. Among the collectors with whom she competed was Edward Perry Warren, who supplied a number of works to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. The Gardner collection includes works by some of Europe's most important artists, such as Botticelli's Madonna and Child with an Angel, Titian's Europa, Raphael's The Colonna Altarpiece, and Diego Velázquez. She purchased some of her collection on her own, but often asked for male colleagues, such as her business partner, to purchase on her behalf as it was uncommon for women to participate in art collecting. Isabella Stewart Gardner's favorite foreign destination was Venice, Italy. The Gardners regularly stayed at the Palazzo Barbaro, a major artistic center for a circle of American and English expatriates in Venice, and visited Venice's artistic treasures with amateur artist and former Bostonian Ralph Curtis. While in Venice, Gardner bought art and antiques, attended the opera and dined with expatriate artists and writers.
en	wit-train-topic-000000751	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_10	Mariner 10	Instruments	Mariner 10 / Instruments	Mariner 10 was an American robotic space probe launched by NASA on 3 November 1973, to fly by the planets Mercury and Venus. It was the first spacecraft to perform flybys of multiple planets. Mariner 10 was launched approximately two years after Mariner 9 and was the last spacecraft in the Mariner program. The mission objectives were to measure Mercury's environment, atmosphere, surface, and body characteristics and to make similar investigations of Venus. Secondary objectives were to perform experiments in the interplanetary medium and to obtain experience with a dual-planet gravity assist mission. Mariner 10's science team was led by Bruce C. Murray at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.	Mariner 10 conducted seven experiments at Venus and Mercury. Six of these experiments had a dedicated scientific instrument to collect data. The experiments and instruments were designed by research laboratories and educational institutions from across the United States. Out of forty-six submissions, JPL selected seven experiments on the basis of maximizing science return without exceeding cost guidelines: together, the seven scientific experiments cost US12.6 million dollars, about one-eighth of the total mission budget.
en	wit-train-topic-000000752	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Robertshaw	Louis Robertshaw	Vietnam War	Louis Robertshaw / Biography / Vietnam War	Louis Bentham Robertshaw was an American football player and lieutenant general in the United States Marine Corps. He flew combat missions in World War II and the Korean War and flew an F4B Phantom II fighter in the Vietnam War as commanding general of the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing. He received three Distinguished Flying Crosses, 12 Air Medals, the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, and three Legion of Merit with Combat "V."	During the Vietnam War, he flew an F-4B Phantom II fighter and served as commanding general of the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing in Da Nang, then as the Marine liaison for the Chief of Naval Operations. He rose to the rank of lieutenant general and was the Inspector General of the Marine Corps from July 1967 to March 1969. He was the deputy chief of staff for manpower at Headquarters Marine Corps when he retired in 1971.
en	wit-train-topic-000000753	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Finland	2014 European Parliament election in Finland	Introduction	2014 European Parliament election in Finland		The 2014 European Parliament election in Finland for the election of the delegation from Finland to the European Parliament took place on 25 May 2014 with advance voting from 14 to 20 May. Finnish voters elected thirteen members to the European Parliament.
en	wit-train-topic-000000754	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairbury,_Illinois	Fairbury, Illinois	History	Fairbury, Illinois / History	Fairbury is a city in Livingston County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,757 at the 2010 census. Fairbury is located on U.S. Route 24 11 miles east of Chenoa and six miles west of Forrest. It was founded in 1857. The town has a large population of members of the Apostolic Christian faith, who first settled in the area in 1864.	Fairbury was laid out on November 10, 1857 by Caleb L. Patton and Octave Chanute. Like most Illinois towns of the 1850s, the original town of Fairbury was centered on a depot ground. It consisted of twenty-six blocks, each divided into fourteen to sixteen lots. There was no central public square, but one was later included in Marsh's addition. The plan used was virtually identical to that at Chatsworth Illinois, including the street names, and the plan very similar to that at Gridley and El Paso on the same railroad. Octave Chanute was a civil engineer employed by the new Peoria and Oquawka Railroad, which is now the Toledo, Peoria and Western Railroad. Caleb L. Patton was an early settler on the land where the town was built. Chanute, a French native, was later famed for publishing Progress in Flying Machines, which helped pioneer aviation. The Wright brothers even mentioned Chanute as a mentor to them. Chanute built the railroad that made Fairbury possible, but did so against the will of Patton, Fairbury's first citizen. It is Caleb Patton who should really be credited for the creation of Fairbury. It was he who owned the land that the original town was built on, and it was he who advertised lots for sale and attracted other people to live there. Today, the original town's area starts at the corner of Maple Street and First Street and stretches to the corner of Oak Street and Seventh Street. When Patton heard that Chanute wanted to build a railroad in his general direction, he saw it as an opportunity to make use of his otherwise deserted land and struck a deal. If Chanute built his railroad through Fairbury, then Patton would give Chanute half of the town's property. Patton and Chanute reached an agreement, and Chanute kept up his end of the deal. Patton gave a small chunk of the land to the Baptist Church and set aside an area for the railroad and a depot. However, when Chanute reached Fairbury, he was met by a group of armed citizens. The town had passed an ordinance that no railroad would pass through Fairbury, and they advised Chanute to simply build around the town (preferably where the golf course is currently). They had even received an injunction from Pontiac, Illinois forbidding Chanute from building a railroad through the town. Alma Lewis-James, author of Stuffed Clubs and Antimacassars: Account and Tales of Early Fairbury, best describes what Chanute did next: "...Chanute was clever. He did not use force, but quietly laid his rails to the eastern edge of town, skipped Fairbury, began again at the western edge, and worked straight on until Saturday night. In the darkness and secretly, he moved his crews back; and the next morning, at first dawn; and reinforced by armed guards of his own, he was ready for business. To the consternation of the dumbfounded and helpless villagers, he rushed the track straight through the town and the courthouse was closed. By Monday morning he was well on his way to Peoria." In 1859 John Marsh bought 80 acres (320,000 m²) of land to the west of Patton's. He donated a section of his property to the town, and it was named Marsh Park. He named another part of his addition to the town Livingston Square. It was to be used for businesses and markets. He built the Arcade Block in another section, which were a series of brick buildings connected to each other. Inside this block were two saddle and harness stores, a gun and sporting goods store, a poultry house, a drug store, Fairbury Marble Works (they made tomb stones for the cemetery), and a bed spring factory. Many more businesses were located here later on. In 1866, the Livingston Hotel was built. It was renowned for being the only hotel in Illinois with running water. Marsh did not like the east side of Fairbury and developed his west side vigorously. His addition to the town caused it to split; the east side versus the west side. Each side wanted to have the better houses, the better buildings, the better parks, the better everything. No one really knows how this feud started, but the town was clearly divided. After that devastati
en	wit-train-topic-000000755	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho_Tin_stop	Ho Tin stop	Introduction	Ho Tin stop		Ho Tin (Chinese: 河田), named after nearby Ho Tin Street, is an at-grade MTR Light Rail stop located at Kin Fung Circuit, opposite to Tuen Mun River and Tuen Mun Station in Tuen Mun District. It began service on 18 September 1988 and belongs to Zone 2. It serves the nearby industrial area.
en	wit-train-topic-000000756	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HKScan	HKScan	Introduction	HKScan		HKScan Oyj (Nasdaq Helsinki: HKSAV) is a Finnish manufacturer of meat foods and products, but nowadays its product range also includes ready meals and pet foods. It is based in Turku. In the 1990s and 2000s the company – by then known as HK Ruokatalo Oy – targeted the international market, acquiring meat production companies around the Baltic Sea: In Sweden, Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – including the Swedish Scan AB in 2007, resulting in the modern-day name of the company. HK is originally an initialism of Helsingin Kauppiaat ("Helsinki Merchants"), a company that was acquired by LSO in 1991. HK is the best known brand of the company in its native Finland. Its Finnish subsidiary is still known as HK Ruokatalo Oy ("HK Food House Inc."). HKScan Oyj is the fifth largest food manufacturer in Europe and a company listed in the Helsinki Stock Exchange.
en	wit-train-topic-000000757	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Georges_Road,_Sydney	King Georges Road, Sydney	Introduction	King Georges Road, Sydney		King Georges Road is a major arterial road in Sydney, Australia, running through the local government areas of the Georges River Council and City of Canterbury-Bankstown. King Georges Road begins at a junction with the Princes Highway at Blakehurst and continues north-west for about 12 kilometres through the suburbs of South Hurstville, Hurstville, Penshurst, Beverly Hills, Roselands and Wiley Park to Punchbowl, where it becomes Wiley Avenue for a short distance and then Roberts Road. King Georges Road is the southernmost section of the A3, which through various name changes continues to the city's northern beaches area, reaching the coast at Mona Vale.
en	wit-train-topic-000000759	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taikai_Uemoto	Taikai Uemoto	Introduction	Taikai Uemoto		Taikai Uemoto (上本大海, Uemoto Taikai, born June 1, 1982) is a former Japanese football player.
en	wit-train-topic-000000760	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grums	Grums	Introduction	Grums		Grums is a locality and the seat of Grums Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 5,025 inhabitants in 2010.
en	wit-train-topic-000000762	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabbage	Cabbage	Cultivars	Cabbage / Cultivation / Cultivars	Cabbage is a leafy green, red, or white biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. It is descended from the wild cabbage, and belongs to the "cole crops" or brassicas, meaning it is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower; Brussels sprouts; and Savoy cabbage. Cabbage weights generally range from 500 to 1,000 grams. Smooth-leafed, firm-headed green cabbages are the most common, with smooth-leafed purple cabbages and crinkle-leafed savoy cabbages of both colours being more rare. Under conditions of long sunny days, such as those found at high northern latitudes in summer, cabbages can grow quite large. As of 2012, the heaviest cabbage was 62.71 kilograms. Cabbage heads are generally picked during the first year of the plant's life cycle, but plants intended for seed are allowed to grow a second year and must be kept separate from other cole crops to prevent cross-pollination. Cabbage is prone to several nutrient deficiencies, as well as to multiple pests, and bacterial and fungal diseases. Cabbage was most likely domesticated somewhere in Europe before 1000 BC, although savoys were not developed until the 16th century AD.	There are several cultivar groups of cabbage, each including many cultivars: Savoy – Characterized by crimped or curly leaves, mild flavor and tender texture Spring greens – Loose-headed, commonly sliced and steamed Green – Light to dark green, slightly pointed heads. Red – Smooth red leaves, often used for pickling or stewing White, also called Dutch – Smooth, pale green leaves Some sources only delineate three cultivars: savoy, red and white, with spring greens and green cabbage being subsumed into the latter.
en	wit-train-topic-000000763	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_submarine_Wilhelm_Bauer	German submarine Wilhelm Bauer	Salvage, refit and new service	German submarine Wilhelm Bauer / Salvage, refit and new service	Wilhelm Bauer is a Type XXI U-boat of Nazi Germany's navy, completed shortly before the end of World War II. It was scuttled at the end of the war, having never gone on patrol. In 1957, it was raised from the seabed off Flensburg Firth, refurbished and recommissioned for use by the West-German Bundesmarine in 1960. Finally retired fully in 1983, it is the only floating example of a Type XXI U-boat. It has been modified to appear in wartime configuration and exhibited at the Maritime Museum in Bremerhaven, Germany.	In June 1957, after more than 12 years on the floor of the Baltic Sea, U-2540 was raised and overhauled at Howaldtswerke, Kiel. The submarine was commissioned as a research vessel in the Bundesmarine, serving from 1 September 1960 until 28 August 1968 as a test boat (class 241). On relaunch she was renamed Wilhelm Bauer, after the designer of the first German U-boat, Brandtaucher, built in Kiel by August Howaldt in 1850. From May 1970 she again entered service, this time with a civilian crew and served as a testbed for the technical innovations of the class 206 U-boat. After an underwater collision with the German destroyer Z-3 (D172) on 6 May 1980 Wilhelm Bauer was discharged from use at Eckernförde on 18 November 1980 and finally released from service in 1983.
en	wit-train-topic-000000764	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Sylvestre,_Haute-Vienne	Saint-Sylvestre, Haute-Vienne	Introduction	Saint-Sylvestre, Haute-Vienne		Saint-Sylvestre (Occitan: Sint Sauvéstre) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west-central France.
en	wit-train-topic-000000765	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estienne_Roger	Estienne Roger	Introduction	Estienne Roger		Estienne Roger (1664 or 1665 in Caen, France – 7 July 1722 in Amsterdam) was a francophone printer, bookseller and publisher of sheet music working in the Netherlands.
en	wit-train-topic-000000766	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_historic_properties_in_Tempe,_Arizona	List of historic properties in Tempe, Arizona	Buildings, Bridges and Houses of religious worship	List of historic properties in Tempe, Arizona / Buildings, Bridges and Houses of religious worship	This is a list, which includes a photographic gallery, of some of the remaining historic structures and monuments in Tempe, Arizona. Tempe, known as Oidbaḍ by the Pima Native-American tribe, was also known as Hayden's Ferry during the territorial times of Arizona. It is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona	The following are images with a brief description of Tempe's historic Buildings, Bridges and Houses of religious worship. They are considered historical by the National Register of Historic Places and/or the Tempe Historic Property Register. Hayden Flour Mill - originally built by Charles T. Hayden in 1874, thus the name "Mill Avenue" (THPR). Tempe Hardware Building - built in 1875. It is located at 520 S. Mill Ave.. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Reference number 80000767. The Andre Building - built in 1888 and located at 401-403 S. Mill Ave.. While living in Phoenix, R. G. Andre built the commercial building at the southwest corner of Mill and 4th Street in 1888, and opened a saddle and harness shop. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on August 10, 1979 reference #79000419. The Borden Milk Company a.k.a. Creamery and Ice Factory - built in 1892 and located in 1300-1360 E. 8th St. This particular buildings' address is 1300. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on October 10, 1984, reference #84000171. The Borden Milk Company - This particular buildings' address is 1340 The Borden Milk Company - The particular address of these buildings' are 1350 and 1360. The historic Laird and Dines building - built in 1893. Both J. A. Dines and Hugh E. Laird served as mayors of Tempe and this building, which was once a drug store, served as Tempe's unofficial City Hall during their administrations. The Vienna Bakery Building - built in 1893 located at 415 S. Mill Avenue. The Vienna Bakery Building was built in the Victorian commercial style, was modernized in 1928, to the Spanish Colonial Revival style that was popular at the time. The building is associated with a German immigrant family which carried on a bakery business in this location from 1904 until 1963. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places on June 30, 1980 references #80000764. The St. Mary's Church - Our Lady of Mount Carmel Catholic Church - built in 1903. The Goodwin Building - built in 1907 and located 514-518 S. Mill Ave. In 1907, Garfield Abram Goodwin completed his building with three commercial bays ─ two rentals and one for his curio store and Wells Fargo Agency. The back of half of the store was furnished as a home for the Goodwin family. The restored Goodwin building remains as the last example of cast-iron façade architecture in Tempe. Goodwin served as mayor of Tempe from 1924 to 1926. On May 6, 1984, the National Park Service (National Register of Historic Places) certified Goodwin Building as a national historic site, and assigned it the reference number 84000710. The Southern Pacific Railroad Bridge - The bridge over Tempe Lake was built in 1912. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 as the Salt River Southern Pacific RR Bridge, reference #85003546. The Wooden Trestles of the 1912 Southern Pacific Bridge over Tempe Lake. Tempe National Bank Building - built in 1912. The Tempe National Bank was established on January 4, 1901, by pioneer Tempe businessmen and agriculturalists. From its establishment in 1901, the bank operated under the control and direction of the community’s most intrepid pioneers., including: Carl T. Hayden, Arizona's longtime Congressman and Senator; Cyrus Grant Jones, first president of the Tempe National Bank; and Albert E. Miller, son of Tempe pioneer Winchester Miller, a director of the Tempe Irrigating Canal Company. Thanks Anderson, Mayor of Tempe from 1930‐1932 and 1934‐1937, began his banking career here in 1915 and went on to become branch manager and then vice‐president of the bank. Benjamin Baker Moeur, a physician and businessman in Tempe who served two terms as Governor of Arizona, had his practice in the building. Ruins of the Old 1913 Ash Avenue Bridge - The bridge was built with a narrow span which was designed more for wagons and couldn’t handle two lanes of traffic. bridge closed to vehicles when the Mill Avenue Bridge opened in 1931. The bridge needed repairs, however the city of Tempe decided to demoli
en	wit-train-topic-000000768	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E1_Series_Shinkansen	E1 Series Shinkansen	Pre-refurbishment	E1 Series Shinkansen / Interior / Pre-refurbishment	The E1 series was a high-speed Shinkansen train type operated by East Japan Railway Company in Japan from July 1994 until September 2012. They were the first double-deck trains built for Japan's Shinkansen. They were generally, along with their fellow double-deck class the E4 series, known by the marketing name "Max". The fleet was withdrawn from regular service on 28 September 2012. Originally intended to be classified as 600 series, the E1 series trains were introduced specifically to relieve overcrowding on services used by commuters on the Tohoku Shinkansen and Joetsu Shinkansen.
en	wit-train-topic-000000769	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brachistosternus_ehrenbergii	Brachistosternus ehrenbergii	Introduction	Brachistosternus ehrenbergii		Brachistosternus ehrenbergii is a scorpion species and the most cited species in the genus Brachistosternus. The species was first described by Paul Gervais in 1841. Its venom is toxic to mice.
en	wit-train-topic-000000770	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Selwyn_(bishop_of_Lichfield)	George Selwyn (bishop of Lichfield)	Bishop in New Zealand	George Selwyn (bishop of Lichfield) / Bishop in New Zealand	George Augustus Selwyn was the first Anglican Bishop of New Zealand. He was Bishop of New Zealand from 1841 to 1869. His diocese was then subdivided and Selwyn was Metropolitan of New Zealand from 1858 to 1868. Returning to Britain, Selwyn served as Bishop of Lichfield from 1868 to 1878. After his death, Selwyn College, Cambridge was founded to honour his life and contribution to scholarship and religion. The college and other educational facilities uphold the legacy of the bishop.	Consecrated at Lambeth on 17 October 1841, Bishop Selwyn embarked for his new missionary diocese on 26 December. He appointed William Charles Cotton as his chaplain. The 23 member missionary party set sail from Plymouth late in December 1841 on board the barque Tomatin. In addition to their luggage, the missionaries brought various animals and four hives of bees. On the outbound voyage, Selwyn studied the Māori language with the help of a Māori boy returning from England, and was able to preach in that language immediately on his arrival. He also acquired enough seamanship to enable him to be his own sailing master among the dangerous waters of the Pacific. In April 1842 the Tomatin arrived in Sydney. The boat hit a rock on landing and, rather than wait for its repair, some of the party, including Selwyn and Cotton, set sail for New Zealand on the brig Bristolian on 19 May. They arrived in Auckland on 30 May. After spending some time as guests of Captain William Hobson, the first Governor of New Zealand, Selwyn and Cotton set sail on 6 June on the schooner Wave to visit the mission stations on the Hauraki Gulf, then north to the Bay of Islands. where he arrived on 20 June. Amongst the party was a clerk, William Bambridge, who was also an accomplished artist and was later to become photographer to Queen Victoria. In June 1842 Selwyn set up residence at Te Waimate mission, some 15 miles (24 km) inland from Paihia where the Church Missionary Society (CMS) had established a settlement 11 years earlier. On 5 July 1842 Selwyn set out on a six-month tour of his diocese leaving the Mission Station in the care of Sarah, his wife, and Cotton. In November Selwyn travelled on the brig Victoria down the west coast of the North Island to visit Octavius Hadfield at the Otaki mission and the mission at Whanganui; then up the east coast to visit William Williams. By October 1843 more missionaries had arrived at Waimate, and Selwyn, accompanied by Cotton, embarked on his second tour, this time to mission stations and native settlements in the southern part of North Island. Their journey was made partly by canoe but mainly by walking, often for large distances over difficult and dangerous terrain. Part way through the tour Selwyn decided to split the party into two sections with one section led by himself and the other by Cotton. After being away for nearly three months, Cotton arrived back at Waimate early in 1844 and Selwyn returned a few weeks later. Some buildings at Waimate were converted for use by the College of St John the Evangelist, to teach theology to candidates for ordination. Later in 1844 Selwyn decided to move some 160 miles (257 km) south to Tamaki near Auckland where he bought 450 acres (180 ha) of land, giving it the name of Bishop's Auckland. The party left on 23 October and arrived in Auckland on 17 November. During the first six months of 1845 Selwyn was away for much of the time and management of the settlement, and particularly the schools, fell to Cotton. The Bishop of New Zealand's seat was St Paul's Church, Auckland which served as Auckland's Cathedral for over 40 years, the whole time Selwyn had the role. Selwyn clashed with Archdeacon Henry Williams, the leader of the CMS in New Zealand, when he supported Governor George Grey's accusations of improper land purchases by Williams. Grey twice failed to recover the land in the Supreme Court, and when Williams refused to give up the land unless the charges were retracted, he was dismissed from the CMS in November 1849. However Selwyn later regretted the position he had taken and in 1854 Williams was reinstated to the CMS after the bishop lobbied for his return to membership. The CMS missionaries held the low church beliefs that were common among Evangelical members of the Anglican Church. There was often a wide gap between the views of the CMS missionaries and the bishops and other clergy of the high church traditions of the Oxford Movement (also known as the Tractarians) as to the proper form of ritual and religious practice. Selwyn held high church (Tracta
en	wit-train-topic-000000772	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead_wire_marker	Overhead wire marker	Introduction	Overhead wire marker		Overhead wire markers are safety instruments applied to the overhead power lines marking transmission lines and ropeways along the flight path during the day. Markers are often installed on overhead lines near airfields, or at river crossings where there is a possibility of float-equipped aircraft using the river. Some markers contain conductor marking lights or strobe lights to improve visibility at night or in fog.
en	wit-train-topic-000000773	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuri_Larionov	Yuri Larionov	With Bazarova	Yuri Larionov / Programs / With Bazarova	Yuri Yuryevich Larionov is a Russian pair skater. With former partner Vera Bazarova, he is the 2012–13 Grand Prix Final silver medalist, a three-time European medalist, the 2007 World Junior silver medalist, and the 2012 Russian national champion. They won six senior Grand Prix series medals outside the final, including gold at the 2012 NHK Trophy.
en	wit-train-topic-000000774	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut%27s_4th_congressional_district	Connecticut's 4th congressional district	List of members representing the district	Connecticut's 4th congressional district / List of members representing the district	Connecticut's 4th congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Connecticut. Located in the southwestern part of the state, the district is largely suburban and extends from Bridgeport, the largest city in the state, to Greenwich. The district also extends inland, toward Danbury and toward the Lower Naugatuck Valley. Principal cities include: Bridgeport, Norwalk, and Stamford. The district is currently represented by Democrat Jim Himes.
en	wit-train-topic-000000775	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_chemistry	Combinatorial chemistry	Combinatorial split-mix (split and pool) synthesis	Combinatorial chemistry / Combinatorial split-mix (split and pool) synthesis	Combinatorial chemistry comprises chemical synthetic methods that make it possible to prepare a large number of compounds in a single process. These compound libraries can be made as mixtures, sets of individual compounds or chemical structures generated by computer software. Combinatorial chemistry can be used for the synthesis of small molecules and for peptides. Strategies that allow identification of useful components of the libraries are also part of combinatorial chemistry. The methods used in combinatorial chemistry are applied outside chemistry, too.	Combinatorial split-mix (split and pool) synthesis is based on the solid-phase synthesis developed by Merrifield. If a combinatorial peptide library is synthesized using 20 amino acids (or other kinds of building blocks) the bead form solid support is divided into 20 equal portions. This is followed by coupling a different amino acid to each portion. The third step is the mixing of all portions. These three steps comprise a cycle. Elongation of the peptide chains can be realized by simply repeating the steps of the cycle. The procedure is illustrated by the synthesis of a dipeptide library using the same three amino acids as building blocks in both cycles. Each component of this library contains two amino acids arranged in different orders. The amino acids used in couplings are represented by yellow, blue and red circles in the figure. Divergent arrows show dividing solid support resin (green circles) into equal portions, vertical arrows mean coupling and convergent arrows represent mixing and homogenizing the portions of the support. The figure shows that in the two synthetic cycles 9 dipeptides are formed. In the third and fourth cycles, 27 tripeptides and 81 tetrapeptides would form, respectively. The "split-mix synthesis" has several outstanding features: It is highly efficient. As the figure demonstrates the number of peptides formed in the synthetic process (3, 9, 27, 81) increases exponentially with the number of executed cycles. Using 20 amino acids in each synthetic cycle the number of formed peptides are: 400, 8,000, 160,000 and 3,200,000, respectively. This means that the number of peptides increases exponentially with the number of the executed cycles. All peptide sequences are formed in the process that can be deduced by a combination of the amino acids used in the cycles. Portioning of the support into equal samples assures formation of the components of the library in nearly equal molar quantities. Only a single peptide forms on each bead of the support. This is the consequence of using only one amino acid in the coupling steps. It is completely unknown, however, which is the peptide that occupies a selected bead. The split-mix method can be used for the synthesis of organic or any other kind of library that can be prepared from its building blocks in a stepwise process. In 1990 three groups described methods for preparing peptide libraries by biological methods and one year later Fodor et al. published a remarkable method for synthesis of peptide arrays on small glass slides. A "parallel synthesis" method was developed by Mario Geysen and his colleagues for preparation of peptide arrays. They synthesized 96 peptides on plastic rods (pins) coated at their ends with the solid support. The pins were immersed into the solution of reagents placed in the wells of a microtiter plate. The method is widely applied particularly by using automatic parallel synthesizers. Although the parallel method is much slower than the real combinatorial one, its advantage is that it is exactly known which peptide or other compound forms on each pin. Further procedures were developed to combine the advantages of both split-mix and parallel synthesis. In the method described by two groups the solid support was enclosed into permeable plastic capsules together with a radiofrequency tag that carried the code of the compound to be formed in the capsule. The procedure was carried out similar to the split-mix method. In the split step, however, the capsules were distributed among the reaction vessels according to the codes read from the radiofrequency tags of the capsules. A different method for the same purpose was developed by Furka et al. is named "string synthesis". In this method, the capsules carried no code. They are strung like the pearls in a necklace and placed into the reaction vessels in stringed form. The identity of the capsules, as well as their contents, are stored by their position occupied on the strings. After each coupling step, the capsules are redistributed among new strings according to definite rules.
en	wit-train-topic-000000776	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mee_Canyon	Mee Canyon	Introduction	Mee Canyon		Mee Canyon is a remote scenic area within the Black Ridge Canyons Wilderness which in turn forms the core of the Bureau of Land Management administered McInnis Canyons National Conservation Area in west central Colorado. Limited access and primitive facilities limit visitation and help preserve the wilderness in its natural state. Mee Canyon is accessed either by boat from the Colorado River, or from a trail head near Glade Park.
en	wit-train-topic-000000777	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Tjaarda	Tom Tjaarda	Design portfolio	Tom Tjaarda / Design portfolio	Tom Tjaarda was an automobile designer noted for his work on a broad range of automobiles — estimated at over eighty — from exotic sports cars including the Ferrari 365 California, De Tomaso Pantera and Aston Martin Lagonda Coupé to high-volume popular cars including the first generation Ford Fiesta and the Fiat 124 Spider. For his work, Tjaarda was honored at the 1997 Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance as well as the 1997 Concorso Italiano. Jalopnik called Tjaarda "one of the defining automotive designers of the 20th century." Noted automotive designer and journalist Robert Cumberford called Tjaarda "one of the world’s most accomplished Italian car designers." Car Design News called him "one of the great unsung heroes of the car design world."	1959. Ghia Selene I 1960. Innocenti 950 S Ghia Spider 1960. (Innocenti) Ghia IXG Dragster 1960. Renault Dauphine Ghia Coupé 1960. VW Karmann Ghia 1500 (type 34) Coupé (rear design; main body design by Sergio Sartorelli) 1961. Ferbedo Automobilina pedal car (Ghia) 1961. Ghia Cart 1961. Innocenti 1100 Ghia Coupé 1962. Chevrolet Corvair Pininfarina Coupé (I) 1963. Chevrolet Corvette Rondine Pininfarina Coupé (I) 1963. Fiat 2300 Pininfarina 1963. Lancia Flaminia 2.8 Pininfarina Coupé Speciale 1964. Chevrolet Corvette Rondine Pininfarina Coupé (II) 1964. Ferrari 330 GT 2+2 Pininfarina series 1 1964. Mercedes 230 SL Pininfarina Coupé 1965. Fiat 124 Spider Pininfarina 1966. Ferrari 365 California 1968. Ghia Centurion (with Giorgetto Giugiaro and Rowan Industries) 1968. Serenissima Coupé (Ghia) 1969. De Tomaso Mustela (I) (Ghia) 1969. Isuzu Bellett MX1600 GT (Ghia) 1969. Lancia Flaminia Marica (Ghia) 1969. Lancia Fulvia 1600 HF Competizione (Ghia) 1970. De Tomaso Deauville (Ghia) 1970. De Tomaso Pantera Ghia 1970. Sinthesis 2000 Berlinetta 1970. Williams De Tomaso-Ford (Cosworth) 505/38 (De Tomaso Formula 1) 1971. All-Cars AutoZodiaco Damaca 1971. De Tomaso 1600 (Ghia) Spider 1971. De Tomaso Zonda (Ghia) 1971. Isuzu Bellett SportsWagon (Ghia) 1972. De Tomaso Longchamp 1972. De Tomaso Pantera L (Ghia) 1972. De Tomaso Pantera 290 (Ghia) 1972. De Tomaso Pantera GT4 (Ghia) 1972. Ford Fiesta (Ghia, Project "Wolf") 1973. De Tomaso/Ford Pantera 7X (Ghia) 1973. De Tomaso Monttella 1/1 197X 1973. Ford Mustela (II) (Ghia) 1974. Ford Ghia Coins 1974. Ford Maverick 1978. Autobianchi/Lancia Y10 1979. Fiat Brazil 1979. Ford Mustang II Proposals (Ghia) (different variants) 1979. Zastava (facelifts of older Fiat-based models for Yugoslavia) 1980. De Tomaso Longchamp Cabrio 1981. SEAT Ronda 1981. SEAT Guappa Coupé 1982. Chrysler LeBaron 1982. Chrysler Imperial 1983. Rayton-Fissore Taxi Torino 1985. Chrysler Jeep (Interior) 1985. Rayton-Fissore Magnum 4x4 1989. Aston Martin Lagonda Coupé 1988. PPG 4x4 (USA) 1989. Laforza Magnum 4x4 1989. Zastava Utility vehicle 1991. Bitter Tasco 1992. Saab 900 four door 1992. Suzuki Coupé (for Bugatti) 1993. Fiat Iveco Truck Interior 1995. Lamborghini Diablo (Interior) 1998. Isotta-Fraschini T8 Coupé 1998. Isotta-Fraschini T12 Coupé 2000. Qvale Mangusta (II) 2001. Laforza PSV (II) (production engineering only) 2002. Spyker GT Sport 2003. Fiat Barchetta (Facelift) 2006. Shelby Series 2 2007. Tjaarda Mustang
en	wit-train-topic-000000778	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duenuge_Disan_Pedris	Duenuge Disan Pedris	Introduction	Duenuge Disan Pedris		Duenuge Disan Pedris was a Ceylonese, entrepreneur and mine owner. He was a successful graphite mine owner and trader. Making his fortune in mining and expanded into other ventures, D. D. Pedris became one of the wealthiest men in the island at the time. The execution of his only son Captain Henry Pedris by the British colonial government under martial law during the 1915 riots, initiated the movement toward independence and providing motivation and a martyr for those who pioneered the movement. Born in Galle, he started his business ventures in 1872 by venturing into graphite mining and later open several mines in Galle, Kaluthara and Aluthgama areas. He later expanded into agriculture, real-estate and trading. A Buddhist, D. D. Pedris was a member of the Theosophical Society. In 1882, he married Mallino Fernando Pedris, daughter of Peace Officer Margris Fernando of Karandeniya, they had four daughters and one son. His brother-in-law was N. S. Fernando Wijesekara were leading businessmen of the time. Following the death of his son, Pedris built the Isipathanaramaya Temple in Havelock Town in his memory.
en	wit-train-topic-000000780	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerium	Cerium	Applications	Cerium / Applications	Cerium is a chemical element with the symbol Ce and atomic number 58. Cerium is a soft, ductile and silvery-white metal that tarnishes when exposed to air, and it is soft enough to be cut with a knife. Cerium is the second element in the lanthanide series, and while it often shows the +3 oxidation state characteristic of the series, it also has a stable +4 state that does not oxidize water. It is also considered one of the rare-earth elements. Cerium has no biological role in humans and is not very toxic. Despite always occurring in combination with the other rare-earth elements in minerals such as those of the monazite and bastnäsite groups, cerium is easy to extract from its ores, as it can be distinguished among the lanthanides by its unique ability to be oxidized to the +4 state. It is the most common of the lanthanides, followed by neodymium, lanthanum, and praseodymium. It is the 26th-most abundant element, making up 66 ppm of the Earth's crust, half as much as chlorine and five times as much as lead.	The first use of cerium was in gas mantles, invented by the Austrian chemist Carl Auer von Welsbach. In 1885, he had previously experimented with mixtures of magnesium, lanthanum, and yttrium oxides, but these gave green-tinted light and were unsuccessful. Six years later, he discovered that pure thorium oxide produced a much better, though blue, light, and that mixing it with cerium dioxide resulted in a bright white light. Additionally, cerium dioxide also acts as a catalyst for the combustion of thorium oxide. This resulted in great commercial success for von Welsbach and his invention, and created great demand for thorium; its production resulted in a large amount of lanthanides being simultaneously extracted as by-products. Applications were soon found for them, especially in the pyrophoric alloy known as "mischmetal" composed of 50% cerium, 25% lanthanum, and the remainder being the other lanthanides, that is used widely for lighter flints. Usually, iron is also added to form an alloy known as ferrocerium, also invented by von Welsbach. Due to the chemical similarities of the lanthanides, chemical separation is not usually required for their applications, such as the mixing of mischmetal into steel to improve its strength and workability, or as catalysts for the cracking of petroleum. This property of cerium saved the life of writer Primo Levi at the Auschwitz concentration camp, when he found a supply of ferrocerium alloy and bartered it for food. Ceria is the most widely used compound of cerium. The main application of ceria is as a polishing compound, for example in chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP). In this application, ceria has replaced other metal oxides for the production of high-quality optical surfaces. Major automotive applications for the lower sesquioxide are as a catalytic converter for the oxidation of CO and NOₓ emissions in the exhaust gases from motor vehicles, Ceria has also been used as a substitute for its radioactive congener thoria, for example in the manufacture of electrodes used in gas tungsten arc welding, where ceria as an alloying element improves arc stability and ease of starting while decreasing burn-off. Cerium(IV) sulfate is used as an oxidising agent in quantitative analysis. Cerium(IV) in methanesulfonic acid solutions is applied in industrial scale electrosynthesis as a recyclable oxidant. Ceric ammonium nitrate is used as an oxidant in organic chemistry and in etching electronic components, and as a primary standard for quantitative analysis. The photostability of pigments can be enhanced by the addition of cerium. It provides pigments with light fastness and prevents clear polymers from darkening in sunlight. Television glass plates are subject to electron bombardment, which tends to darken them by creation of F-center color centers. This effect is suppressed by addition of cerium oxide. Cerium is also an essential component of phosphors used in TV screens and fluorescent lamps. Cerium sulfide forms a red pigment that stays stable up to 350 °C. The pigment is a nontoxic alternative to cadmium sulfide pigments. Cerium is used as alloying element in aluminum to create castable eutectic alloys, Al-Ce alloys with 6–16 wt.% Ce, to which Mg and/or Si can be further added; these alloys have excellent high temperature strength.
en	wit-train-topic-000000781	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards_Coaches	Edwards Coaches	Introduction	Edwards Coaches		Edwards Coaches is a family-owned coach company based in Llantwit Fardre, near Pontypridd in South Wales.
en	wit-train-topic-000000782	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landolphia_owariensis	Landolphia owariensis	History	Landolphia owariensis / History	Landolphia owariensis is a species of liana from the family Apocynaceae found in tropical Africa. Latex can be extracted from this plant for the manufacture of natural rubber. Other names for this vine are eta, the white rubber vine and the Congo rubber plant. Congo rubber was a commercial rubber exported from the Congo Free State starting in 1890, most notable for its forced harvesting under conditions of great human suffering, in the Congo Free State, detailed in the 1904 Casement Report. From 1885 to 1908, millions died as a result of murder, deprivation, and disease, with population falling by millions in this period; some writers estimate this loss to be as high as 10 million people.	In 1885, Leopold II established the Congo Free State under the auspices of the International Association of the Congo, by securing the European community's agreement with the claim that he was involved in humanitarian and philanthropic work. To monopolize the resources of the entire Congo Free State, Leopold issued three decrees in 1891 and 1892 that stripped control of resources from the native populations and required them to work. Collectively, these forced the natives to deliver all ivory and rubber, harvested or found, to state officers or to the state's monopoly concession companies, thus nearly completing Leopold's monopoly of the Congo's ivory and rubber trade. The rubber came from wild vines in the jungle, unlike the rubber from Brazil (Hevea brasiliensis), which was tapped from trees. To extract the rubber, instead of tapping the vines, the Congolese workers would slash them and lather their bodies with the rubber latex. When the latex hardened, it would be scraped off the skin in a painful manner, as it took off the worker's hair with it. The Force Publique, the Free State's military, was used to enforce the rubber quotas. During the 1890s, the Force Publique's primary role was to enforce a system of corvée labour to promote the rubber trade. Armed with modern weapons and the chicotte—a bull whip made of hippopotamus hide—the Force Publique routinely took and tortured hostages, slaughtered families of rebels, and flogged and raped Congolese people. Failure to meet the rubber collection quotas was punishable by death. Recalcitrant villages were burned and Force Publique soldiers were sometimes required to provide a severed hand from their victims as proof that they had not misused their weapons. A Catholic priest quotes a man, Tswambe, speaking of a hated state official, Léon Fiévez, who ran a district along the river 500 kilometres (300 mi) north of Stanley Pool: All blacks saw this man as the devil of the Equator...From all the bodies killed in the field, you had to cut off the hands. He wanted to see the number of hands cut off by each soldier, who had to bring them in baskets...A village which refused to provide rubber would be completely swept clean. As a young man, I saw [Fiévez's] soldier Molili, then guarding the village of Boyeka, take a net, put ten arrested natives in it, attach big stones to the net, and make it tumble into the river...Rubber causes these torments; that's why we no longer want to hear its name spoken. Soldiers made young men kill or rape their own mothers and sisters.
en	wit-train-topic-000000783	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Jesus	Gabriel Jesus	Introduction	Gabriel Jesus		Gabriel Fernando de Jesus (born 3 April 1997), commonly known as Gabriel Jesus (Brazilian Portuguese: [ɡabɾiˈɛw ʒeˈzus]), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for club Manchester City and the Brazil national team. Jesus began his career at Palmeiras. He was voted the best newcomer of the 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, a year in which he also helped his team win the Copa do Brasil. The following year he was named the player of the season as Palmeiras won their first national league title in 22 years. He joined Manchester City in January 2017 for a transfer fee of €32 million, and won the Premier League in 2018 and 2019, the EFL Cup in 2018, 2019 and 2020, and the FA Cup in 2019. After winning 21 caps and scoring seven goals at youth level, including reaching the final of the 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup and winning an Olympic gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics, Jesus made his senior debut for Brazil in September 2016, and was part of the squad that took part at the 2018 FIFA World Cup, later also winning the 2019 Copa América.
en	wit-train-topic-000000785	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_hamburger	History of the hamburger	Culinary history	History of the hamburger / Culinary history	The hamburger first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century. The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization and the emergence of the working class and middle class with the resulting demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home. Considerable evidence suggests the USA was the first country where two slices of bread and a ground beef steak were combined into a "hamburger sandwich" and sold. There is some controversy over the origin of the hamburger because its two basic ingredients, bread and beef, had been prepared and consumed separately for many years in different countries before their combination. Shortly after its creation, the hamburger quickly included all of its currently typically characteristic trimmings, including onions, lettuce, and sliced pickles. It is named after the German city of Hamburg. After various controversies in the 20th century, including a nutritional controversy in the late 1990s, the burger is now readily identified with the United States, and a particular style of cuisine, namely fast food.	The hamburger was very popular among Americans during the postwar period following World War I, even in popular culture. An example of this was the prominent appearance of hamburgers in E. C. Segar's Thimble Theatre comic strip, which prominently featured a cartoon character named Popeye the Sailor who ate spinach to sustain his superhuman strength. Popeye's first appearance was as a supporting character on January 17, 1929, alongside many other characters. One of these characters was J. Wellington Wimpy (often shortened to just "Wimpy"), a lover of hamburgers who was both polite and gluttonous. His signature phrase, "I will gladly pay you Tuesday for a hamburger today", became popular and widely known. During the height of his popularity in the 1930s, Wimpy introduced the hamburger to the youth of the time as a healthy food. It also resulted in the creation of a chain of fast food restaurants called Wimpy's in his honor, which sold hamburgers for ten cents. In a similar fashion, the fictional character Jughead Jones, who first appeared in Archie Comics in 1941, was passionate about food generally, and hamburgers specifically. Fictional characters related to the hamburger, such as the Ronald McDonald clown character designed by Willard Scott who first appeared on television in 1963, soon became a recognizable part of American culture. The burger also made appearances in underground comix such as Zap Comix#2 during the late 1960s, in which cartoonist Robert Crumb designed a character called "Hamburger Hi-Jinx". By the end of the decade, pop art was including the hamburger as an artistic element, appearing in the works of Andy Warhol (Dual Hamburger), Claes Oldenburg (Floor Burger), Mel Ramos (Vinaburger, 1965), and more recently, David LaChapelle (Death by Hamburger, 2002). An example of the popularity and identification that the burger enjoyed among the American public was the name of the Battle of Hamburger Hill, which occurred in May 1969 during the Vietnam War. Its name was inspired by the number of American and Vietnamese casualties, which made the scene resembles a "butcher". The hamburger was also the inspiration of Star Wars creator George Lucas's design for the Millennium Falcon ship. Hamburgers also appear in computer games, as in the case of BurgerTime, an arcade-style game created in 1982 by Data East Corporation. The hamburger also appears prominently on American television shows such as American Eats and Man v. Food. By the 1960s, American society had become highly motorized, largely due to the 1956 Federal Highway Act passed by President Dwight Eisenhower and inspired by the German Autobahn, as well as the impressive growth rates of American automobile manufacturers at the time. Due to the extensive use of cars at the time, hamburgers were often served at drive-ins, often by waiters known as carhops. Drive-in restaurants first appeared in the United States in the early 1930s, and gradually become a common sight across the country. The ability to serve hamburgers to customers in their cars was seen as a business opportunity by countless fast-food chains, especially McDonald's. The popularity of the hamburger grew rapidly among the American population during this period, and statistics indicate that the average American was eating three burgers per week. During the Cold War, the hamburger became a national symbol of the United States. As private outdoor social events, often held in backyards and featuring a barbecue, became more widespread during the mid-1950s, the hamburger gained a new culinary and social relevance in the country. By the late 1960s, hamburgers began to grow in size as various burger chains competed with each other, resulting in Burger King launching the Whopper and McDonald's launching the Quarter Pounder. As the race between the major chains grew more intense, the prices of their burgers increased, and the days when a hamburger could be bought for just a few cents were numbered. In the 1970s, major hamburger chains began to use considerable resources in marketing their products. They began
en	wit-train-topic-000000786	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dresden_Hauptbahnhof	Dresden Hauptbahnhof	Unifying railways	Dresden Hauptbahnhof / Operations / Railway lines and operations / Unifying railways	Dresden Hauptbahnhof is the largest passenger station in the Saxon capital of Dresden. In 1898, it replaced the Böhmischen Bahnhof of the former Saxon-Bohemian State Railway, and was designed with its formal layout as the central station of the city. The combination of a station building on an island between the tracks and a terminal station on two different levels is unique. The building is notable for its halls that are roofed with Teflon-coated glass fibre membranes. This translucent roof design, installed during the comprehensive rehabilitation of the station at the beginning of the 21st century, allows more daylight to reach the concourses than was previously possible. The station is connected by the Dresden railway node to the tracks of the Děčín–Dresden-Neustadt railway and the Dresden–Werdau railway, allowing traffic to run to the southeast towards Prague, Vienna and on to south-eastern Europe or to the southwest towards Chemnitz and Nuremberg. The connection of the routes to the north, northwest and east does not take place at the station, but north of Dresden-Neustadt station.	The Dresden station is located on three electrified double-track main lines: The Děčín–Dresden railway (also called the Elbtalbahn–Elbe Valley Railway) (route 6240) passes through the station running over two lateral elevated railway tracks and runs to the south-east. It connects with Děčín and Prague through the valley of the Elbe. The section to Pirna is designed for speeds up to 160 km/h. From Dresden Hauptbahnhof to the vicinity of Dresden-Neustadt station there is a parallel single or double-track line for freight traffic (route 6241). The double track line branches off in Dresden Hauptbahnhof and runs south of the south hall. The line is single track from the vicinity of Dresden Mitte station over the Marien Bridge to Dresden-Neustadt station and it is shared by passenger trains and runs as a single track to the line to Dresden-Klotzsche. The Pirna–Coswig S-Bahn line (route 6239) runs parallel to the Elbe Valley Railway; it runs through the northern hall of Dresden station. The Dresden–Werdau railway (route 6258) starts in the station and branches on the western approach over a grade-separated junction. It represents the first section of Saxon-Franconian trunk line via Chemnitz, Zwickau and Hof to Nuremberg. The Hauptbahnhof is also connected with railway to Berlin via the triangle of rail tracks between Dresden Freiberger Straße and Dresden Mitte and with the railway to Leipzig and railway to Görlitz via Dresden-Neustadt.
en	wit-train-topic-000000787	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudavent_Hatun_Tomb	Hudavent Hatun Tomb	Introduction	Hudavent Hatun Tomb		Hudavend Hatun Türbe or Huvand Hatun Türbe is a 14th-century Seljuk Kümbet in Nigde, Turkey.
en	wit-train-topic-000000788	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Akanagi	Mount Akanagi	Gallery	Mount Akanagi / Gallery	Mount Akanagi is a mountain of the Kiso Mountains and located on the border between Okuwa, Kiso District, and Iijima, Kamiina District, Nagano Prefecture, in the Chūbu region of Japan. It peak is 2,798 m high.
en	wit-train-topic-000000789	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balint_Balassi_Memorial_Sword_Award	Balint Balassi Memorial Sword Award	Introduction	Balint Balassi Memorial Sword Award		The Balint Balassi Memorial Sword Award is a European award for literature presented in Budapest since 1997. The native form of this name is Balassi Bálint-emlékkard (Balassi Bálint-emlékkard). This award commemorates the 16th century Hungarian poet Bálint Balassi. The memorial sword is presented annually to an outstanding Hungarian poet, and to a foreign poet for excellence in translation of Hungarian literature, including the works of Balassi. The sword itself is a replica of those sabres that the 16th century Hungarian cavalry wore during the sieges of fortresses. They are the work of a contemporary swordsmith. This award is presented each year on Bálint's (Valentine's) Day, February 14, in the city of Buda. The celebration venue is traditionally the Hotel Gellért.
en	wit-train-topic-000000790	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_Valley	Cache Valley	Transportation	Cache Valley / Transportation	Cache Valley is a valley of northern Utah and southeast Idaho, United States, that includes the Logan metropolitan area. The valley was used by 19th century mountain men and was the site of the 1863 Bear River Massacre. The name, Cache Valley is often used synonymously to describe the Logan Metropolitan Area, one of the fastest growing metro areas in the US per capita — both in terms of economic GDP and population.	U.S. Highways 89 and 91 enter the valley from the southwest as one highway, and then separate in downtown Logan. US-89 goes northeast into Logan Canyon, and thence to Bear Lake, a large lake in the area. US-91 goes due northward into Idaho and to reconnect with I-15. Several state highways run through the valley: In Idaho, State Highways 34 and 36; and in Utah, SR-23, SR-30, SR-101, SR-142, SR-165, SR-200, and SR-218. The valley is served by the Cache Valley Transit District (CVTD), a zero-fare bus system. CVTD primarily serves the Logan area however offers shuttle service to Preston. There are two airports in the valley, the Logan-Cache Airport and Preston Airport. Neither airport provides commercial service, however Salt Lake City International Airport is within driving distance (less than 2 hours).
en	wit-train-topic-000000791	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lone_Ranger_(2013_film)	The Lone Ranger (2013 film)	Cast	The Lone Ranger (2013 film) / Cast	The Lone Ranger is a 2013 American Western action film directed by Gore Verbinski and written by Justin Haythe, Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio. Based on the titular character of the same name, the film stars Johnny Depp as Tonto, the narrator of the events and Armie Hammer as John Reid, the Lone Ranger. The film is told through Tonto's memories of the duo's earliest efforts to subdue local villainy and bring justice to the American Old West. William Fichtner, Barry Pepper, Ruth Wilson, James Badge Dale, Tom Wilkinson and Helena Bonham Carter also are featured in supporting roles. It is the first theatrical film featuring the Lone Ranger and Tonto characters since William A. Fraker's 1981 film, The Legend of the Lone Ranger. Produced by Walt Disney Pictures, Jerry Bruckheimer Films and Depp's Infinitum Nihil, production was plagued with problems and budgetary concerns, which at one point almost led to the film's premature cancellation. The film then premiered at the Hyperion Theater on June 22, 2013 and was released theatrically in the United States on July 3, 2013.	Armie Hammer as John Reid / Lone Ranger, a youthful, scrupulous lawyer later deputized a Texas Ranger, who protects his identity as the "Lone Ranger", a masked vigilante who seeks the perpetrators responsible for his brother's death. Johnny Depp as Tonto, the aged narrator of the events of his life as a Comanche who recruited John Reid to bring justice to those responsible for massacring his tribe during his childhood, and terrorizing frontier Texas settlements during the 1800s. The character wears black-and-white face paint and a deceased crow on his head. According to Depp, the inspiration for the costume was a painting entitled I Am Crow by Kirby Sattler. Joseph E. Foy portrays Tonto as a child. William Fichtner as Butch Cavendish, a ruthless and cannibalistic outlaw, who Tonto believes is a wendigo. Travis Hammer portrays the younger Butch seen in flashbacks. Tom Wilkinson as Latham Cole, a burly and unscrupulous railroad tycoon. Steve Corona portrays the younger Cole seen in flashbacks. Ruth Wilson as Rebecca Reid, Dan's wife (later widow) and John's love interest/sister-in-law. Helena Bonham Carter as Red Harrington, an ivory-legged brothel madam who assists Reid and Tonto. James Badge Dale as Dan Reid, John's older brother who is killed by Cavendish. Bryant Prince as Danny Reid, Rebecca and Dan's son, John's nephew. Barry Pepper as Captain Jay Fuller, an insecure and inexperienced United States Cavalry officer. He is also a corrupt official who is on Cole's payroll. Mason Cook as Will, a young boy living in 1930s San Francisco. Saginaw Grant as Chief Big Bear, leader of the Comanche. Harry Treadaway as Frank, a member of Butch's gang who enjoys women's clothing. Lew Temple as Hollis, a Deputy Ranger. Leon Rippy as Collins, a traitorous Deputy Ranger secretly working with Butch. Stephen Root as Habberman, president of the Transcontinental Railroad Company. James Frain as Barret, one of Cole's industry foremen. Damon Herriman as Ray, a member of Butch's gang.
en	wit-train-topic-000000792	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Denmark	Architecture of Denmark	Urban development	Architecture of Denmark / 19th century / Urban development	The architecture of Denmark has its origins in the Viking period, richly revealed by archaeological finds. It became firmly established in the Middle Ages when first Romanesque, then Gothic churches and cathedrals sprang up throughout the country. It was during this period that, in a country with little access to stone, brick became the construction material of choice, not just for churches but also for fortifications and castles. Under the influence of Frederick II and Christian IV, both of whom had been inspired by the castles of France, Dutch and Flemish designers were brought to Denmark, initially to improve the country's fortifications, but increasingly to build magnificent royal castles and palaces in the Renaissance style. In parallel, the half-timbered style became popular for ordinary dwellings in towns and villages across the country. Late in his reign, Christian IV also became an early proponent of Baroque which was to continue for a considerable time with many impressive buildings both in the capital and the provinces.	The harbour town of Svendborg in the south east of Funen dates back to the 13th century. Real prosperity emerged in the 19th century when shipbuilding and trade became important drivers. The town subsequently underwent a period of renovation with new brick and stone buildings lining its narrow streets. The old town has now become an important tourist attraction. The fine architectural style of Skagen on the northern tip of Jutland is quite distinctive. From the 19th century on, the houses were whitewashed and had red-tiled roofs. Yellow and red tones dominated, backed by white chimneys and roof decorations. These traditions are not only to be found in the town's old districts but are maintained in the newer residential areas. Several of the town's more imposing buildings from the beginning of the 20th century were designed by the Ulrik Plesner, others were designed by well-known architects such as Thorvald Bindesbøll.
en	wit-train-topic-000000793	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipio,_New_York	Scipio, New York	Introduction	Scipio, New York		Scipio is a town in Cayuga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,713 at the 2010 census. The town name was provided by a clerk with an interest in the classics. Scipio is centrally located in the southern half of the county, south of Auburn.
en	wit-train-topic-000000794	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holcosus	Holcosus	Introduction	Holcosus		Holcosus is a genus of lizards in the family Teiidae.
en	wit-train-topic-000000795	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Wendell_Williston	Samuel Wendell Williston	Introduction	Samuel Wendell Williston		Samuel Wendell Williston (July 10, 1851 – August 30, 1918) was an American educator, entomologist, and paleontologist who was the first to propose that birds developed flight cursorially (by running), rather than arboreally (by leaping from tree to tree). He was a specialist on the flies, Diptera. He is remembered for Williston's law, which states that parts in an organism, such as arthropod limbs, become reduced in number and specialized in function through evolutionary history.
en	wit-train-topic-000000796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Kov%C3%A1%C5%99	Robin Kovář	Introduction	Robin Kovář		Robin Kovář (born April 2, 1984) is a Czech professional ice hockey player who is currently playing for the Milton Keynes Lightning in the National Ice Hockey League.
en	wit-train-topic-000000797	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issy_station	Issy station	Introduction	Issy station		Issy is a station in Paris's express suburban rail system, the RER. It is situated in Issy-les-Moulineaux, in the département of Hauts-de-Seine. In the future, Issy could become a station of the Red Line of the automated regional subway Grand Paris Express. A new station would be built at a depth of −20m, under the avenue de Verdun. A new tramway line to Croix-de-Berny and an extension of the métro line 12 to Issy are also in project.
en	wit-train-topic-000000798	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bavarian_Forest_National_Park	Bavarian Forest National Park	Description	Bavarian Forest National Park / Description	The Bavarian Forest National Park is a national park in the Eastern Bavarian Forest immediately on Germany's border with the Czech Republic. It was founded on 7 October 1970 as the first national park in Germany. Since its expansion on 1 August 1997 it has covered an area of 24,250 hectares. Together with the neighbouring Czech Bohemian Forest the Bavarian Forest forms the largest contiguous area of forest in Central Europe.	Especially protected are the Norway spruce–dominated highland forests, mixed mountain forests of European silver fir, European beech and spruce trees and water meadow spruce woods in the valleys. Although a few remnants of ancient forest remain, the National Park area is still heavily influenced by the former forestry industry. Since nature is now left to take its course again, there is no human intervention when there are catastrophic events such as large scale bark beetle infestation. This resulted in the death of a portion of the high elevation forests in the 1990s and triggered controversial discussions amongst the residents of the National Park, which highlighted differing attitudes to the wilderness. As the result of a compromise, bark beetle is now fought in the buffer area. The highest peaks in the National Park are the Großer Falkenstein (1,305 m (4,281 ft)), the Lusen (1,373 m (4,505 ft)) and the Großer Rachel (1,453 m (4,767 ft)). In addition to the forests, there are also ecologically valuable raised bogs with bog lakes such as the Latschensee and former high meadows, the so-called Schachten, which spread even further on the Czech side of the border in the Bohemian Forest. With over 700,000 visitors per year, the National Park is an important economic factor in the economically underdeveloped region of the Bavarian Forest.
en	wit-train-topic-000000800	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_L._Hoffman	Alan L. Hoffman	Introduction	Alan L. Hoffman		Alan Lawrence Hoffman (born April 7, 1966) is an American lawyer, government official, and corporate executive who serves as Senior Vice President, Global Public Policy and Government Affairs at PepsiCo. Prior to joining PepsiCo, Hoffman served as Deputy Chief of Staff to the Vice President of the United States Joe Biden and Deputy Assistant to the President. While in the Vice President's office, Hoffman worked on a variety of issues including crime, drugs and protecting intellectual property, marking the third time Hoffman had worked for Joe Biden. Previously, Hoffman served as Chief of Staff to Senator Biden from 1998–2003 and from 2006-2008 while Biden was running for president.
en	wit-train-topic-000000801	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Egypt	List of birds of Egypt	Plovers and lapwings	List of birds of Egypt / Plovers and lapwings	This is a list of the species of birds found in Egypt, a country in north-east Africa. The avifauna of Egypt include a total of 494 species of birds. No species are endemic to Egypt. This list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature follow the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World, 2019 edition. All of the birds below are included in the total bird count for Egypt. The following tags have been used to highlight several categories. The commonly occurring native species do not fall into any of these categories. Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Egypt (I) Introduced - a species introduced to Egypt as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions Extirpated - a species that no longer occurs in Egypt although populations exist elsewhere (X) Extinct - a species or subspecies that no longer exists.	Order: Charadriiformes Family: Charadriidae The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water. Black-bellied plover, Pluvialis squatarola European golden-plover, Pluvialis apricaria Pacific golden-plover, Pluvialis fulva Northern lapwing, Vanellus vanellus; Ancient Egyptian: its hieroglyph mostly used to denote rxt 'common folk, subjects'; also once its head follows the word (i)3by.t 'dancer' (cfr. Eng.: lapwing = leap-wing Spur-winged plover, Vanellus spinosus Sociable lapwing, Vanellus gregarius White-tailed lapwing, Vanellus leucurus Lesser sand-plover, Charadrius mongolus Greater sand-plover, Charadrius leschenaultii Caspian plover, Charadrius asiaticus Kittlitz's plover, Charadrius pecuarius Kentish plover, Charadrius alexandrinus Common ringed plover, Charadrius hiaticula Little ringed plover, Charadrius dubius Three-banded plover, Charadrius tricollaris Eurasian dotterel, Charadrius morinellus
en	wit-train-topic-000000803	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_House,_Melbourne	Upper House, Melbourne	Description	Upper House, Melbourne / Description	Upper House is a multi-residential complex located within Melbourne, Australia, on the south east corner of Swanston Street and Queensberry Street in Carlton, known for its unique projected balconies. The building is developed by Piccolo Developments and designed by Jackson Clement Burrows as residential apartment structures. The construction, headed by Hamilton Marino Builders, commenced in early 2013 and was completed in October, 2014.	Made up of two distinct apartment buildings, The Podium and The Cloud, with both offering differing views and floor plans from each other. With a total of 17 storeys, the Cloud apartments on floors 12–16 sit above the Podium apartments which make up the first ten floors, giving the impression of levitation. In the middle of these two structures on the 11th floor is the Observatory, a 500-square metre communal area that comprises a lounge, gym, entertainment area and external outdoor spaces with surrounding views of the city. The Upper House is located on the site of the former Electrical Trades Union building on the busy Swanston Street of the Melbourne CBD. The apartment features 110 units as well as a white façade with cantilevered balconies which extrude out, increasing unit floor space. The ground level of the building features a separate café as well as a lobby area.
en	wit-train-topic-000000805	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caerleon,_Bellevue_Hill	Caerleon, Bellevue Hill	Introduction	Caerleon, Bellevue Hill		Caerleon (/kərˈliːən/; Welsh: Caerllion) is a historic house in the Sydney suburb of Bellevue Hill. It is listed on the Register of the National Estate as well as having a New South Wales heritage listing. It was named after Caerleon, a small town in Wales.
en	wit-train-topic-000000806	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Amazing_Race_12	The Amazing Race 12	Race summary	The Amazing Race 12 / Race summary	The Amazing Race 12 was the twelfth installment of American reality television show The Amazing Race. It featured 11 teams of two, with a pre-existing relationship, in a race around the world. The 12th season premiered on November 4, 2007 at 8 p.m. ET/PT. It took the timeslot of the canceled CBS series Viva Laughlin. The finale aired on January 20, 2008 at 8 p.m. ET/PT. Newly dating couple TK Erwin and Rachel Rosales were the winners of this season. A DVD for this season was released on March 24, 2014, via Amazon's CreateSpace program.
en	wit-train-topic-000000807	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Heimach	Fred Heimach	Introduction	Fred Heimach		Frederick Amos Heimach (January 27, 1901 – June 1, 1973) born in Camden, New Jersey, was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics (1920–26), Boston Red Sox (1926), New York Yankees (1928–29) and Brooklyn Robins/Brooklyn Dodgers (1930–33). He helped the Yankees win the 1928 World Series. In 13 seasons, he had a 62–69 win-loss record, 296 games, 127 games started, 56 complete games, 5 shutouts, 104 games finished, 7 saves, 1,288⅔ innings pitched, 1,510 hits allowed, 755 runs allowed, 639 earned runs allowed, 64 home runs allowed, 360 walks allowed, 334 strikeouts, 27 hit batsmen, 14 wild pitches, 5,674 batters faced, 4 balks and a 4.46 ERA. He was a very good hitting pitcher. He compiled a .236 batting average (128-for-542) with 58 runs, 3 home runs and 50 RBI. As a member of the Philadelphia A's, in 1923 he batted .254 (30-for-118) with 11 RBI, he also played 6 games at first base and batted .322 in 1924 (29-for-90) with 12 RBI. He recorded a .972 fielding percentage in his 13 year major league career. After committing 2 errors in the third inning on September 22, 1926 pitching for the A's against the Cleveland Indians at League Park, he went the next 134 appearances and handling 172 total chances (24 putouts, 148 assists) to the end of his career in 1933 without another miscue. He died in Fort Myers, Florida at the age of 72.
en	wit-train-topic-000000808	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lozells	Lozells	Introduction	Lozells		Lozells is a loosely defined inner-city area in West Birmingham, England. It is centred on Lozells Road, and is known for its multi-racial population. It is part of the ward of Lozells and East Handsworth and lies between the districts of Handsworth and Aston. Lozells has a high population density compared to East Handsworth. It is a very ethnically diverse area with a high population of people of Afro-Caribbean, Bangladeshi and Pakistani origin. Housing in Lozells consists mainly of terraced houses, which were constructed during the Industrial Revolution when the area became industrialised and the workers required housing. The housing is a mix of private and council housing, with some newer post-war tower-blocks and estates. Lozells Road was the scene of rioting from 9–11 September 1985, with shops, houses and vehicles being burnt, and looting also taking place. Racial tension, high unemployment and hostility towards the police were seen as major factors of the rioting. Further riots on the night of the 22 October 2005 left two men dead and a police officer shot and wounded. These riots were started by an unsubstantiated rumour, broadcast on a pirate radio station, of a girl being raped. Four men were later jailed for their part in the riots. The former Royal Oak pub on Lozells Road, now a shop, has a doorway with a carving of a 'royal oak' by the sculptor William Bloye (photo above right).
en	wit-train-topic-000000809	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgi_Belev	Georgi Belev	Introduction	Georgi Belev		Georgi Belev (Bulgarian: Георги Белев) (April 13, 1908 – February 16, 1966) was a Bulgarian opera singer. He was born on 13 April 1908 in Tsaribrod, Bulgaria (today Dimitrovgrad in Serbia). In 1934 he took private vocal lessons from Sabcho Sabev. In 1942 he left for Salzburg to study with Moratti with Boris Christoff. In 1937 he sang at the Co-operative Theater in Sofia. His debut with the Sofia Opera in 1938 was Alfredo in Traviata. From 1938 to 1942 he was a leading soloist with the Sofia Opera. In 1942 he was invited as guest soloist by the Bavarian State Opera in Munich. While performing there until 1944 he did many tours throughout Germany and Austria. In 1944 he returned to the Sofia Opera and sang many of the important tenor roles until 1954. Between 1954–56 he appeared with the Stara Zagora Opera. International appearances took him to Romania, Poland, Yugoslavia and the USSR. In addition to the roles of Manrico, Don Jose, Alfredo and Cavaradossi, he was very successful as a cantata and oratorio soloist.
en	wit-train-topic-000000811	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACDA_Meritorious_Honor_Award	ACDA Meritorious Honor Award	Introduction	ACDA Meritorious Honor Award		The Meritorious Honor Award is an award of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, an independent agency charged with implementing and verifying arms control strategies which has since been merged into the Department of State. Similar versions of the same award exist for the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of State, and the former U.S. Information Agency. This award has been replaced with the State Department's Meritorious Honor Award. This award was presented to groups or individuals in recognition of a special act or service or sustained outstanding performance. The award consists of a certificate signed by an assistant secretary, an official of equivalent rank or the ACDA Director.
en	wit-train-topic-000000812	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menologion_of_Basil_II	Menologion of Basil II	Gallery	Menologion of Basil II / Gallery	The Menologion of Basil II is an illuminated manuscript designed as a church calendar or Eastern Orthodox Church service book that was compiled c. 1000 AD, for the Byzantine Emperor Basil II. It contains a synaxarion, a short collection of saints' lives, compiled at Constantinople for liturgical use, and around 430 miniature paintings by eight different artists. It was unusual for a menologion from that era to be so richly painted. It currently resides in the Vatican Library. A full facsimile was produced in 1907.
en	wit-train-topic-000000813	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Forsyth_County,_North_Carolina	National Register of Historic Places listings in Forsyth County, North Carolina	Current listings	National Register of Historic Places listings in Forsyth County, North Carolina / Current listings	This list includes properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Forsyth County, North Carolina. Click the "Map of all coordinates" link to the right to view an online map of all properties and districts with latitude and longitude coordinates in the table below.
en	wit-train-topic-000000814	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosenick%C3%A1_Lhota	Prosenická Lhota	Introduction	Prosenická Lhota		Prosenická Lhota is a village and municipality in Příbram District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.
en	wit-train-topic-000000815	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%82odowo,_Lipno_County	Głodowo, Lipno County	Introduction	Głodowo, Lipno County		Głodowo [ɡwɔˈdɔvɔ] (German: Loden) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipno, within Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-east of Lipno and 46 km (29 mi) south-east of Toruń.
en	wit-train-topic-000000816	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel_Rybnikov	Pavel Rybnikov	Introduction	Pavel Rybnikov		Pavel Nikolayevich Rybnikov (Павел Николаевич Рыбников, 6 December 1831, Moscow, Russian Empire, – 29 November 1885, Kalisz, Poland, then part of the Russian Empire) was a Russian ethnographer, folklorist and literary historian, credited with the discovery of the previously unknown culture of bylina and epos poetry of the Olonets and Arkhangelsk regions of North-European Russia. He spent the second half of his like in Kalisz, where he was the vice-governor of the Kalisz Guberniya, and where he contributed to the development of local science and culture.
en	wit-train-topic-000000817	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province_of_Syracuse	Province of Syracuse	Introduction	Province of Syracuse		The Province of Syracuse (Italian: Provincia di Siracusa; Sicilian: Pruvincia di Sarausa; officially Libero consorzio comunale di Siracusa) is a province in the autonomous island region of Sicily in Italy. Following the suppression of the Sicilian provinces, it was replaced in 2015 by the Free municipal consortium of Syracuse. Its capital is the city of Syracuse, a town established by Greek colonists arriving from Corinth in the 8th century BC. It has an area of 2,109 square kilometres (814 sq mi) and a total population of 403,985 (2016). Syracuse has 8% of the Sicilian population and 8.2% of Sicily's area.
en	wit-train-topic-000000818	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1886_Italian_general_election	1886 Italian general election	Introduction	1886 Italian general election		General elections were held in Italy on 23 May 1886, with a second round of voting on 30 May. The "ministerial" left-wing bloc emerged as the largest in Parliament, winning 292 of the 508 seats. As in 1882, the election was held using small multi-member constituencies with between two and five seats.
en	wit-train-topic-000000819	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_H-19_Chickasaw	Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw	Operational history	Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw / Operational history	The Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw was a multi-purpose helicopter used by the United States Army and United States Air Force. It was also license-built by Westland Aircraft as the Westland Whirlwind in the United Kingdom. United States Navy and United States Coast Guard models were designated HO4S, while those of the U.S. Marine Corps were designated HRS. In 1962, the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard and U.S. Marine Corps versions were all redesignated as H-19s like their U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force counterparts.	The H-19 Chickasaw holds the distinction of being the U.S. Army's first true transport helicopter and, as such, played an important role in the initial formulation of Army doctrine regarding air mobility and the battlefield employment of troop-carrying helicopters. The H-19 underwent live service tests in the hands of the 6th Transportation Company, during the Korean War beginning in 1951 as an unarmed transport helicopter. Undergoing tests such as medical evacuation, tactical control and frontline cargo support, the helicopter succeeded admirably in surpassing the capabilities of the H-5 Dragonfly which had been used throughout the war by the Army. The U.S. Marine Corps made extensive use of the H-19 in the Korean War. It was designated as the HRS in USMC service. Marine Squadron HMR-161 arrived in Korea on September 2, 1951 with 15 HRS-1 helicopters. The new helicopter squadron started operations upon arrival. On September 13, 1951, during Operation Windmill I, HMR-161 transported 18,848 pounds of gear and 74 Marines onto a ridge in the Punchbowl area. A week later HMR-161 shuttled 224 recon company marines and 17,772 pounds of supplies to a remote hilltop in the same area. Their performance continued to improve and in Operation Haylift II on February 23–27, 1953, HMR-161 lifted 1.6 million pounds of cargo to resupply two regiments. Although HMR-161 helicopters were operating in hot landing zones they did not lose any helicopters to enemy fire. HRS-1 helicopters were also used to relocate rocket launcher batteries. Because rockets create much visible dust when fired they make an easy target for enemy artillery. To reduce their exposure, launchers and crews were moved twice a day. Each HRS-1 helicopter carried four rocket launchers and extra rockets as external cargo, with the crew in the cabin. The HRS-1 helicopter proved to be durable and reliable in Korean service. One reportedly flew home after losing 18 in (46 cm) of main rotor blade to a tree. HMR-161 reported 90% aircraft availability. The U.S. Air Force ordered 50 H-19A's for rescue duties in 1951. These aircraft were the primary rescue and medical evacuation helicopters for the USAF during the Korean War. The Air Force continued to use the H-19 through the 1960s, ultimately acquiring 270 of the H-19B model. On 1 September 1953, Sabena used the S-55 to inaugurate the first commercial helicopter service in Europe, with routes between Rotterdam and Maastricht in the Netherlands and Cologne and Bonn in Germany. France made aggressive use of helicopters in Algeria, both as troop transports and gunships, Piasecki/Vertol H-21 and Sud-built Sikorski H-34 helicopters rapidly displaced fixed-wing aircraft for the transport of paras and quick-reaction commando teams. In Indochina, a small number of Hiller H-23s and Sikorsky H-19s were available for casualty evacuation. In 1956, the French Air Force experimented with arming the H-19, then being superseded in service by the more capable Piasecki H-21 and Sikorsky H-34 helicopters. The H-19 was originally fitted with a 20-mm cannon, two rocket launchers, two 12.7-mm machine guns, and a 7.5-mm light machine gun firing from the cabin windows, but this load proved far too heavy, and even lightly armed H-19 gunships fitted with flexible machine guns for self-defense proved underpowered. The H-19 was also used by the French forces in the First Indochina War. A small number of war-worn H-19s were given to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force in 1958, when the French military departed. These saw very limited service in the early days of the Vietnam War, before being supplanted by the more capable Sikorsky H-34 Choctaw. The H-19 left U.S. military service when the CH-19E was retired by U.S. Navy squadron HC-5 on 26 February 1969. Surplus H-19s were sold on the open market, and civil interest was sufficient that Sikorsky (and later Orlando Helicopter Airways) offered conversion kits allowing a military surplus H-19 to be commercially operated under a standard Federal Aviation Administration type certificate as an S-55B. Turboshaft con
en	wit-train-topic-000000820	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Chesterfield_(schooner)	Fort Chesterfield (schooner)	Introduction	Fort Chesterfield (schooner)		Fort Chesterfield, known as Umiajuatnak by the Inuit, was a Hudson's Bay Company motor schooner which distributed supplies arriving in Chesterfield Inlet to isolated communities along Hudson Bay, including Repulse Bay, Eskimo Point, Coral Harbour, Fullerton Harbour, Wager Bay, and the inland community of Baker Lake, during the 1920s. It established a transportation and communications network for the entire region. The two-masted, 72-ton, 80’x21’x9’ vessel was built in 1920, by B. Burry, in Glovertown, Newfoundland, and was sold in St. John’s, to the Hudson's Bay Company in the first half of 1921. Originally named the L. Burry, it was renamed Fort Chesterfield by July 1921. Capt. Jean Berthe, an HBC employee, formerly of the Nelson River district, oversaw the overhauling of the vessel for ice conditions and the installation of a 75 hp motor, and accompanied it to Chesterfield Inlet in August 1921. By June 1924, Capt. George Cleveland of the HBC had assumed command of Fort Chesterfield. Capt. Berthe evidently left the HBC to join the rival trading company, Revillon Frères. In August 1924, Fort Chesterfield left for Coral Harbour, on Southampton Island, to establish a trading post there. In addition to Capt. Cleveland, his engineer Mr. H. E. Weller, and the crew of seven Inuit men and two boys, they were joined by Harry Stallworthy of the RCMP, Capt. G. E. Mack, Dudley Copeland, and Bill Peters of the HBC, and two Inuit families. Chesterfield arrived at the island on 4 August 1924, and found a suitable site for the new post, a campsite already inhabited by Aivilingmiut families. They landed about 100 tonnes of building materials, fuel, food, and trade goods, and began construction of the new post. Bill Peters, Dudley Copeland, and the two Inuit families who that had accompanied them remained behind to operate the post, and Capt. Cleveland returned with Fort Chesterfield to Chesterfield Inlet. Capt. Cleveland fell sick and died that winter.
en	wit-train-topic-000000821	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steen_Ipsen	Steen Ipsen	Works (Solo)	Steen Ipsen / Works (Solo)	Steen Ipsen is a Danish artist known for his contemporary free form ceramic work. Starting his artistic career in the 1990s he is now well known internationally and has been quoted by the Danish Arts Foundation as "one of the most gifted ceramic artists in Denmark". His work combines the clean, simplistic form of traditional Danish ceramics with bright colours, creating a new hybrid form. He generally creates his art in series, his works follow on from a common theme which is usually based on natural occurrences such as crystallisation, cell division and cell fission. Aside from his artistic career, he has also worked as a lecturer for the Danish School of Design from 1996 to 2004 teaching design basics as well as the ceramics art form.	Steen's work steers away from that of his traditional ceramic background. Traditional Danish ceramics such as made by the Royal Copenhagen company combine stylistic and conventional forms that serve a practical purpose. Royal Copenhagen has been described as “one of the world’s most successful producers of fine dinnerware”. His work consists of organic forms that explore movement and natural processes such as crystallization, cell division and cell fusion. Throughout his career Steen has often worked within themes over periods of time, perfecting the form he is working with through practice and repetition.
en	wit-train-topic-000000822	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotted_sandpiper	Spotted sandpiper	Description	Spotted sandpiper / Description	The spotted sandpiper is a small shorebird, 18–20 cm long. The genus name Actitis is from Ancient Greek aktites, "coast-dweller", derived from akte, "coast", and macularius is Latin from macula, "spot". Together with its sister species the common sandpiper, it makes up the genus Actitis. They replace each other geographically; stray birds may settle down with breeders of the other species and hybridize.	Adults have short yellowish legs and an orange bill with a dark tip. The body is brown on top and white underneath with black spots. Non-breeding birds, depicted below, do not have the spotted underparts, and are very similar to the common sandpiper of Eurasia; the main difference is the more washed-out wing pattern visible in flight and the normally light yellow legs and feet of the spotted sandpiper. The Actitis species have a distinctive stiff-winged flight low over the water.
en	wit-train-topic-000000823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkswell	Berkswell	Gallery	Berkswell / Gallery	Berkswell is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, county of West Midlands, England. Historically in Warwickshire, Berkswell is in the east of the borough, close to the boundary with the city of Coventry. It is situated about 6.5 miles west of Coventry city centre, 8.5 miles east of central Solihull and 2.5 miles north of Balsall Common. The United Kingdom Census 2001 recorded a parish population of 2,843, increasing to 3,139 at the 2011 Census.
en	wit-train-topic-000000825	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison_Township,_Bedford_County,_Pennsylvania	Harrison Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania	Introduction	Harrison Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania		Harrison Township is a township in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 972 at the 2010 census.
en	wit-train-topic-000000826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Naked_City	The Naked City	Introduction	The Naked City		The Naked City (aka Naked City) is a 1948 American film noir directed by Jules Dassin. Based on a story by Malvin Wald, the film depicts the police investigation that follows the murder of a young model, incorporating heavy elements of police procedure. A veteran cop is placed in charge of the case and he sets about, with the help of other beat cops and detectives, to find the girl's killer. The movie, shot partially in documentary style, was filmed on location on the streets of New York City and features landmarks such as the Williamsburg Bridge, the Whitehall Building, and an apartment building on West 83rd Street in Manhattan as the scene of the murder. The film received two Academy Awards, one for cinematography for William H. Daniels and another for film editing to Paul Weatherwax. In 2007, The Naked City was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
en	wit-train-topic-000000827	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anand_Vihar_metro_station	Anand Vihar metro station	Introduction	Anand Vihar metro station		Anand Vihar is an interchange metro station located on the branch line of between the Blue Line and Pink Line of the Delhi Metro. The station is located in the Anand Vihar locality, a major connectivity hub of East Delhi and is connected to the Anand Vihar ISBT and Anand Vihar Railway Terminal.
en	wit-train-topic-000000828	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bishop%27s_Frome	Bishop's Frome	Introduction	Bishop's Frome		Bishop's Frome (or Bishops Frome) is a village and civil parish in eastern Herefordshire, England. The village is 11 miles (18 km) north-east of the city and county town of Hereford, 8 miles (13 km) west of Malvern and 4 miles (6 km) south of Bromyard. The River Frome flows north to south through the parish and at the eastern edge of the village. Local agriculture includes the growing of hops and cider apples. Within the parish is a cider making company and a wine making business. Bishop's Frome gives its name to the Bishop's Frome Limestone which outcrops locally. Parish population at the 2011 census was 834. Although the parish is in Herefordshire, its mail is handled in Worcester and its outward postcode is WR6. St Mary's parish church at the south of the village is approached through a lychgate. The church contains a font over 700 years old, and a memorial depicting the carved figure of a knight in armour, sword in hand and a lion at his feet.
en	wit-train-topic-000000829	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri_United_Methodist_Church	Missouri United Methodist Church	Introduction	Missouri United Methodist Church		The Missouri United Methodist Church is a United Methodist church in downtown Columbia, Missouri. Its congregation formed the first Methodist Church in Columbia in 1837. The present building on 9th Street built between 1925 and 1930 is constructed out of Indiana Bedford limestone in a Late Gothic Revival style. The Stained Glass windows, including the large History of Methodism window at the rear of the sanctuary, are some of the most detailed in Mid-Missouri. The sanctuary seats 1,000 people. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
en	wit-train-topic-000000830	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dallas_County,_Texas	National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas	Current listings	National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas / Current listings	This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Dallas County, Texas. This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Dallas County, Texas. There are 34 districts, 103 individual properties, and three former properties listed on the National Register in the county. Two districts and one individually listed property are also National Historic Landmarks. Four individually listed properties are State Antiquities Landmarks with five districts containing several more. Twenty-two individual properties are Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks while seven districts host multiple additional RTHLs. This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted November 29, 2019.	The locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a mapping service provided.
en	wit-train-topic-000000831	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Nevile	Thomas Nevile	Introduction	Thomas Nevile		Thomas Nevile (died 1615) was an English clergyman and academic who was Dean of Peterborough (1591–1597) and Dean of Canterbury (1597–1615), Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge (1582–1593), and Master of Trinity College, Cambridge (1593–1615).
en	wit-train-topic-000000832	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katima_Mulilo	Katima Mulilo	Introduction	Katima Mulilo		Katima Mulilo or simply Katima is the capital of the Zambezi Region in Namibia. It is located in the Caprivi Strip. It had 28,362 inhabitants in 2010, and comprises two electoral constituencies, Katima Mulilo Rural and Katima Mulilo Urban. It is located on the national road B8 on the banks of the Zambezi River in lush riverine vegetation with tropical birds and monkeys. The town receives an annual average rainfall of 654 millimetres (25.7 in). The nearest Namibian town to Katima Mulilo is Rundu, about 500 km away. About 40 km east of Katima Mulilo lies the village of Bukalo, where the road to Ngoma branches off that joins Namibia to Botswana.
en	wit-train-topic-000000834	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_churches_in_M%C3%B8re	List of churches in Møre	Ytre Nordmøre prosti	List of churches in Møre / Ytre Nordmøre prosti	The list of churches in Møre is a list of the Church of Norway churches the Diocese of Møre which covers all of Møre og Romsdal county in Norway. This list is divided into several sections, one for each deanery in the diocese. Administratively within each deanery, the churches are divided by municipalities which have their own church council and then into parishes which have their own councils. Each parish may have one or more congregation.	This deanery covers four municipalities in northwestern part of Møre og Romsdal county. The deanery is headquartered in the town of Kristiansund in Kristiansund Municipality. On 1 January 2019, the churches in Eide Municipality were transferred from Ytre Nordmøre prosti to Molde domprosti. In 2019, archaeologists from the Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research, using large-scale high-resolution georadar technology, determined that a 17 meter long Viking ship was buried near Edøy Church. They estimate the ship's age as over 1,000 years: from the Merovingian or Viking period; the group planned to conduct additional searches in the area. A similar burial was found previously by a NIKU team in 2018, in Gjellestad.
en	wit-train-topic-000000835	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-throated_robin	White-throated robin	Introduction	White-throated robin		The white-throated robin (Irania gutturalis), or irania, is a small, sexually dimorphic, migratory passerine bird. The vernacular and genus name Irania alludes to Iran, its type locality, while the specific name gutturalis is Medieval Latin for "of the throat". It breeds in western Asia and overwinters in East Africa.
en	wit-train-topic-000000836	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Orley	Jan van Orley	General	Jan van Orley / Work / General	Jan van Orley or Jan van Orley II was a Flemish painter, draughtsman, printmaker and designer of tapestries. Van Orley was one of the major figures of Flemish tapestry design in the late 17th and early 18th century. After the destruction by French troops of a large number of religious and civic buildings during the Bombardment of Brussels in 1695 he obtained many commissions for religious paintings to redecorate the churches in Brussels that had been destroyed by the French onslaught.	Jan van Orley was a prolific artist and left an extensive oeuvre in a wide variety of techniques including painting, drawing, printmaking and tapestry design. His principal subjects are history and mythology. Van Orley's work marks the transition from the 17th century Baroque style to the classicism of the 18th century. Jan's work was dependent on Flemish Baroque and French academic Classicist painting of the 17th century. In particular, the influence of the work of Peter Paul Rubens, Charles Le Brun and Gérard de Lairesse are visible in his work. Van Orley also executed a number of portraits of members of the royal families of the Spanish and Austrian regime.
en	wit-train-topic-000000837	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smedjebacken	Smedjebacken	Introduction	Smedjebacken		Smedjebacken is a locality and the seat of Smedjebacken Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden, with 5,100 inhabitants in 2010. Geographically, the town Smedjebacken is situated by the lake Barken, with an area of 34 km², which in turn belongs to the Kolbäcksån stream-system, which drains into lake Mälaren to the south-east.
en	wit-train-topic-000000838	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Powell_(Canadian_politician)	John Powell (Canadian politician)	Introduction	John Powell (Canadian politician)		John Powell (June 19, 1809 – February 24, 1881) was a Canadian politician who served as mayor of Toronto and played an important role in the Upper Canada Rebellion. Powell was a member of the "Family Compact," the small group of elite families that controlled the politics of Upper Canada in the first half of the nineteenth century. His father, Captain John Powell, was the son-in-law of General Æneas Shaw and his grandfather was Chief Justice William Dummer Powell. He was also a member of the Orange Order in Canada.
en	wit-train-topic-000000839	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthorhiza	Xanthorhiza	Traditional use	Xanthorhiza / Traditional use	Xanthorhiza simplicissima is the only member of the genus Xanthorhiza, and one of very few genera in the family Ranunculaceae with a woody stem. It is native to the eastern United States from Maine south to northern Florida and west to Ohio and eastern Texas. It contains the alkaloid berberine, which has a number of traditional and contemporary uses for dyeing and medicine. The genus name as well as the common name refer to the plant's yellow roots, which was used to produce a yellow dye by Native Americans. The specific epithet refers to the simple stems. In the wild, it grows on the edges of streams in sandy soil under a canopy of dappled sunlight. In cultivation, it is often provided with more sunlight so that the fall colors are more vivid. It is a subshrub, reaching 20–70 centimetres in height, with stems up to 6 millimetres diameter. The leaves are spirally arranged, 10–18 centimetres long, each divided into 5 toothed leaflets, and flowers emerge only from the upper portion of the unbranched stem. The flowers are produced in broad panicles 6–20 centimetres long, each flower small, star-shaped, reddish brown to purple brown, with five petals.	American Indians used the root tea for stomach ulcers, colds, jaundice, sore mouth or throat and as an astringent. A folk remedy used in the South for diabetes and hypertension. This species contains berberine, which is an anti-inflammatory, astringent, hemostatic, antimicrobial, anticonvulsant and immunostimulant. Berberine also stimulates secretion of bile and bilirubin and may be useful in correcting high tyramine levels in patients with liver cirrhosis.
en	wit-train-topic-000000840	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_places_of_worship_in_the_City_of_Leeds	List of places of worship in the City of Leeds	Woodhouse	List of places of worship in the City of Leeds / Former places of worship / Woodhouse
en	wit-train-topic-000000841	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolema	Neolema	Introduction	Neolema		Neolema is a genus of leaf beetles in the family Chrysomelidae. Eight described species currently are placed in Neolema.
en	wit-train-topic-000000842	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kom%C3%B6die_im_Bayerischen_Hof	Komödie im Bayerischen Hof	Introduction	Komödie im Bayerischen Hof		The Komödie im Bayerischen Hof is a large private theater in the Hotel Bayerischer Hof, Munich, Bavaria, Germany. Comedies, musical comedies, musicals and revues are performed in the 570-seat theater.
en	wit-train-topic-000000843	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castelletto_(Genoa)	Castelletto (Genoa)	Tourist sights	Castelletto (Genoa) / Tourist sights	Castelletto is a residential quarter of Genoa, north-western Italy. It occupies a hilly area which, until the construction of the New Walls in the 17th century, was located outside of the city. The quarter is now part of the city's Municipio I Centro Est and comprises three urban units which, as of 31 December 2010, had a total population of 28,857 combined. The name, meaning "small castle" in Italian, comes from a fort overlooking the center of Genoa, recorded as early as the 10th century AD and dismantled in the late 19th century to make way to residential buildings and the panoramic belvedere in the so-called Spianata di Castelletto.	The belvedere in the Spianata di Castelletto, the location of the dismantled fort that gave the quarter its name, has views over the Old City and the Gulf of Genoa. The Basilica of Holy Mary Immaculate in via Assarotti, completed in 1904 in neo-Renaissance style. The Albergo dei Poveri ("Hostel of the Poor"), a complex built in the late 17th century as a shelter for the poor. It is now owned by the University of Genoa, which houses its Political Sciences Faculty there. Villetta di Negro, a hill park occupying the 16th century bastion of St. Caterina, which has artificial caves and waterfalls. Villa Pallavicino or Villa delle Peschiere (16th century) Albertis Castle, a Gothic Revival architecture now housing the Museum of World Cultures Mackenzie Castle, another Gothic Revival manor now used for exhibitions designed by Gino Coppedè (who also designed the nearby Castello Bruzzo) Church of Nostra Signora di Lourdes e San Bernardo Church of San Nicola da Tolentino Baroque sanctuary of Madonnetta, housing Baroque artworks by Giuseppe Gaggini's school, by Giovanni Battista Paggi and by Anton Maria Maragliano. It is home to a permanent example of local nativity scene. The 16th century convent, pharmacy and church of Sant'Anna, and the surrounding ancient Bachernia village, with trees, cobbled walkways and views over the Gulf of Genoa, the harbor and the Old City from Salita Bachernia. Church of San Bartolomeo degli Armeni Aqueduct of Genoa 17th century city walls Forte Castellaccio and Specola Towers
en	wit-train-topic-000000844	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcel_Ro%C8%99ca	Marcel Roșca	Introduction	Marcel Roșca		Marcel Roșca ([marˈt͡ʃel ˈroʃka]; born 18 October 1943) is a retired Romanian pistol shooter. He competed in the individual 25 m rapid-fire event at the 1964 and 1968 Olympics and won a silver medal in 1968, placing sixth in 1964. He also won three team medals at the world championships in 1966, 1970 and 1974.
en	wit-train-topic-000000845	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republicans_for_Choice	Republicans for Choice	History	Republicans for Choice / History	Republicans for Choice is an American political action committee composed of members of the United States Republican Party who support abortion rights.	Republicans for Choice was founded in 1989 by conservative fundraiser and activist Ann Stone, first wife of Roger Stone, at the suggestion of Lee Atwater, a former chairman of the RNC, to counter the Republican Party's perceived increasing focus on anti-abortion candidates and political platform, and Stone brought this agenda to the 1992 Republican National Convention. As of 2020, three Republicans serving in Congress had been supported by Republicans for Choice, Senators Shelley Moore Capito of West Virginia, Susan Collins of Maine, and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska.
en	wit-train-topic-000000846	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sian_Alice_Group	Sian Alice Group	Introduction	Sian Alice Group		Sian Alice Group was an English post-rock band with roots in experimental music and the avant-garde. The group was founded in 2006 and began working on their debut album 59.59 shortly thereafter. Recorded at Grays Inn Road, Clervaux’s London studio, 59.59 spans exactly 59 minutes and 59 seconds. As Clervaux also works as an engineer and producer who has collaborated with J. Spaceman, Alexis Taylor, Spring Heel Jack and Treader records, he carries a unique production style throughout the album. 59:59 features contributions from Sasha Vine, Douglas Hart (Jesus & Mary Chain), John Coxon (Spring Heel Jack) and Brian DeGraw (Gang Gang Dance). The record received good reviews, with NME calling it 59.59 a "stunning debut album," that is "always breathtaking," while All Music Guide says it is "an astounding album, quite unlike anything one’s heard before." In June 2008, the group released The Dusk Line, a four-track EP that was recorded during the sessions for 59.59 and features ballads made up of just piano and vocals. The group finished off 2008 with a full US tour opening for A Place To Bury Strangers and the release of a 12" called Remix, which features collaborations with Alexis Taylor (Hot Chip), Brian DeGraw (Gang Gang Dance) and Spring Heel Jack. In 2009, Sian Alice Group completed their second album, Troubled, Shaken Etc.. Sessions took place throughout the second half of 2008 at Grays Inn Road and show the band continuing their series of explorations with live mainstays Mike Bones, Eben Bull and Sasha Vine, as well as John Coxen, Daniel Stewart and Graham Barton. After Spring tours in both the US and the UK (with Vetiver and Deerhunter respectively) and an appearance at ATP, Troubled, Shaken Etc. was released. The group played the ATP New York 2010 music festival in Monticello, New York in September 2010. The band announced their breakup in late 2011 via their official Facebook page, along with the start of a new musical project, Eaux, featuring Sian Alice Group members Sian Ahern, Ben Crook, and Stephen Warrington. The members of this new project cited artistic differences as the reason for ending Sian Alice Group, as they became interested in more electronic music production.
en	wit-train-topic-000000847	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darmstadt_Hauptbahnhof	Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof	Regional services	Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof / Rail services / Regional services	Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station in the German city Darmstadt. After Frankfurt Hbf and Wiesbaden Hbf, it is the third largest station in the state of Hesse with 35,000 passengers and 220 trains per day. Built in a late art nouveau style, the station was finished 1912 as one of the major works of architect Friedrich Pützer. The station replaced two separate and increasingly inadequate stations located at the Steubenplatz, around a km closer to the city centre in the east.	Darmstadt station has been served by Rhine-Main S-Bahn lines S 3 and S 4 since 1997. Other regional connections are available to Frankfurt via (Langen), Wiesbaden (via Groß-Gerau and Mainz), Aschaffenburg (via Dieburg and Babenhausen), Mannheim and Heidelberg (via Bensheim and Weinheim) and Eberbach (via Groß-Umstadt Wiebelsbach). The lines to Riedstadt-Goddelau (via Griesheim) and Groß-Zimmern (via Roßdorf), on the other hand, have been closed for a long time. The Pfungstadt Railway (Pfungstadtbahn) to Pfungstadt was reactivated at the beginning of the 2011/2012 timetable on 11 December 2011. It is served by the extension of services on the Odenwald Railway (Odenwaldbahn) from Darmstadt station to Pfungstadt as RB 66.
en	wit-train-topic-000000848	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Hanon	Pierre Hanon	Introduction	Pierre Hanon		Pierre Hanon (29 December 1936 in Brussels – 13 October 2017) was a footballer who played mainly for R.S.C. Anderlecht and the national team. He played in the match Belgium-Netherlands in 1964 with 10 fellows from the Anderlecht team after the substitution of goalkeeper Delhasse by Jean-Marie Trappeniers. In total, Hanon collected 48 caps. Hanon signed to Anderlecht in 1945 as a young player. He was first called in the first team in 1954 but he lost his place after a poor performance. A season later, he played in the 2–0 victory to rivals Standard Liège, but was sent to the B team again for the rest of the competition. His third match with the team was in Hungary for the first European game in Anderlecht history. Hanon was called by the manager the day of the match because of Susse Deglas's injury, while he was doing his military service. So he left the barracks without eating to join the team, and though made a good match. Used as a right winger, Hanon became a libero at the end of his Anderlecht career, and then at Cercle Brugge.
en	wit-train-topic-000000849	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palnure	Palnure	Introduction	Palnure		Palnure (Scottish Gaelic: Poll an Iùbhair) is a small village in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, on the Palnure Burn, just outside Newton Stewart. Cairnsmore was the birthplace of Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford son of Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford and his wife Mary Du Caurroy Tribe, DBE, RRC, FLS, 'The Flying Duchess '. He was born in a derelict shepherd's cottage on the moors on 21 December 1888, his mother Lady Herbrand Russell having gone into labour while walking on the moors with her husband. He was noted for both his career as a naturalist and for his involvement in far-right politics. Until 1951 Palnure had a railway station on the Portpatrick and Wigtownshire Joint Railway that was closed to all traffic in 1965.

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