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image_id stringlengths 21 64	file stringlengths 25 76	caption stringlengths 0 3.23k	text_references stringlengths 0 2.44k	tag stringlengths 2 39	case_id stringlengths 11 14	article_id stringlengths 8 11	file_id stringlengths 12 12	patient_id stringlengths 11 14	license stringclasses 9 values
PMC5015624_01_OC-05-14-g-001.jpg	PMC5015624_OC-05-14-g-001_undivided_1_1.webp	Slit lamp biomicroscopy of the anterior segment of the left eye shows marginal (arrow) and peripheral (arrowheads) circumferential neovascularization of the iris.	Slit lamp biomicroscopy showed iris neovascularization of both eyes (Figure 1 (Fig. 1)).	F1	PMC5015624_01	PMC5015624	file_0058641	PMC5015624_01	CC BY
PMC5015624_01_OC-05-14-g-004.jpg	PMC5015624_OC-05-14-g-004_undivided_1_1.webp	MRA extracranial showing severe narrowing of the origin of the right brachiocephalic artery (yellow arrow) and complete occlusion of the left common carotid artery with distal reconstitution of flow near the bifurcation (red arrow).	MRA Extracranial showed proximal occlusion of aortic arch branches (Figure 4 (Fig. 4)).	F4	PMC5015624_01	PMC5015624	file_0058642	PMC5015624_01	CC BY
PMC6381877_01_cro-0012-0091-g01.jpg	PMC6381877_cro-0012-0091-g01_a_1_2.webp	Chest X-ray and chest CT images before initial EGFR-TKI treatment. (a) Chest X-ray image showed a right hilar mass followed by lymphangitic carcinomatosis in the right lower lung field. (b) Chest CT image showed a large lung mass, extending to posterior chest wall and vertebral body, in the right lower lung as well as multiple lymphadenopathy and right pleural effusion.	In the imaging test of full body, chest X-ray and chest CT revealed a large lung mass, extending to posterior chest wall and vertebral body, surrounded by lymphangitic carcinomatosis in the right lower lung as well as multiple lymphadenopathy and right pleural effusion (Fig. 1a, b).	F1	PMC6381877_01	PMC6381877	file_0090206	PMC6381877_01	CC BY-NC
PMC6381877_01_cro-0012-0091-g02.jpg	PMC6381877_cro-0012-0091-g02_a_1_2.webp	Chest X-ray and chest CT images after 28 days of gefitinib therapy. (a) Chest X-ray image showed the increased right hilar mass and the worsened lymphangitic carcinomatosis. (b) Chest CT image showed interval progression of the lung mass and the lymphadenopathy.	However, by 28 days after the start of gefitinib therapy, his symptoms further deteriorated along with the increased tumor size, resulting in PS 3 (Fig. 2a, b).	F2	PMC6381877_01	PMC6381877	file_0090208	PMC6381877_01	CC BY-NC
PMC5287946_01_medi-96-e5657-g002.jpg	PMC5287946_medi-96-e5657-g002_A_1_12.webp	Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination images for the surgical specimen. A-K, Specimen after the first surgery. A, H & E, x10. B, H & E, x20. C, AE-1/AE-3, x10. D, AS-1, x10. E, CD34, x10. F, CD68, x10. G, Desmin, x10. H, S-100 protein, x10. I, SMA, x10. J, SMA, x20. K, Vimentin, x10. L, Specimen after the third surgery, Ki-67 proliferation index 45%, x10. H & E = hematoxylin and eosin, SMA = smooth muscle actin.	Ki-67 proliferation index was 6% (Fig. 2A-K). ASCO. And the Ki-67 proliferation index increased to 45% (WHO III-IV grade, Fig. 2L), highly suggesting its malignancy.	F2	PMC5287946_01	PMC5287946	file_0063172	PMC5287946_01	CC BY
PMC9106225_01_JOMFP-26-101-g001.jpg	PMC9106225_JOMFP-26-101-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Clinical image shows a well-defined, roughly oval swelling on the lower lip	Clinical examination revealed a well-defined, nontender, smooth-surfaced, roughly oval, fluctuant swelling [Figure 1].	F1	PMC9106225_01	PMC9106225	file_0133164	PMC9106225_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC9106225_01_JOMFP-26-101-g002.jpg	PMC9106225_JOMFP-26-101-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Histopathological image shows presence of large, eosinophilic globules having lamellated or whorled appearance (H&E stain, x4)	The lumen was filled with numerous mucinous globular structures which were oval or round in shape and of varying sizes [Figure 2].	F2	PMC9106225_01	PMC9106225	file_0133165	PMC9106225_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC9106225_01_JOMFP-26-101-g003.jpg	PMC9106225_JOMFP-26-101-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Histopathological image shows abundant mucin within the globules attached to the surrounding cystic capsule and few globules suspended freely within the lumen (PAS stain, x4)	Some of the globules were suspended freely within the lumen [Figure 3]. The mucinous globules showed positive results for PAS and Alcian blue [Figures 3 and 4].	F3	PMC9106225_01	PMC9106225	file_0133166	PMC9106225_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC9106225_01_JOMFP-26-101-g004.jpg	PMC9106225_JOMFP-26-101-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Histopathological image shows presence of mucin in the periphery with central cellular core (Alcian blue stain, x10)	Individual globules exhibited a mildly cellular core with peripheral laminations of dystrophic calcifications [Figure 4]. The mucinous globules showed positive results for PAS and Alcian blue [Figures 3 and 4].	F4	PMC9106225_01	PMC9106225	file_0133167	PMC9106225_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7276389_01_gr1.jpg	PMC7276389_gr1_a_1_2.webp	Pre-op x-ray chest with Chilaiditis Sign (a); Post-op x-ray chest (normal) (b).	Upon no improvement, the patient revisited the ED where chest x-ray (CXR) as primary imaging modality was requested by surgeon on-call that showed raised right hemidiaphragm with no well discernible outlines, air-filled bowel loops above the hepatic shadow, a chilaiditi's sign, with no mediastinal shift (Fig. 1a), thus a provisional diagnosis of the right-sided diagrammatic hernia was made. Post-operative chest x-ray shows normal findings (Fig. 1b).	fig0005	PMC7276389_01	PMC7276389	file_0103415	PMC7276389_01	CC BY
PMC7276389_01_gr2.jpg	PMC7276389_gr2_a_1_2.webp	Non-contrast CT-Intrathorasic Extrusion of Spleen, Stomach and Bowels (a); Non-contrast CT-retrocardiac spleen (b).		fig0010	PMC7276389_01	PMC7276389	file_0103417	PMC7276389_01	CC BY
PMC10196249_04_fped-11-1179402-g002.jpg	PMC10196249_fped-11-1179402-g002_L_1_1.webp	ALT level trend over time of the four patients. All patients had normal liver function at the initial stage of the course. ALT elevation (>41 U/L) occurred 5 to 8 days after the first onset of fever, then reached 3 to 10 folds of the upper range. All the patients received hepatoprotective therapy, and transaminase levels gradually decreased to the normal range after 2 to 3 weeks.	Table 2 and Figure 2). There was no evidence of infection for other pathogens related to liver injuries such as EBV, TORCH, ECHO virus, Coxsackie virus (CA16/CVB), and hepatitis B/C virus.	F2	PMC10196249_01	PMC10196249	file_0004832	PMC10196249_04	CC BY
PMC10196249_04_fped-11-1179402-g002.jpg	PMC10196249_fped-11-1179402-g002_L_1_1.webp	ALT level trend over time of the four patients. All patients had normal liver function at the initial stage of the course. ALT elevation (>41 U/L) occurred 5 to 8 days after the first onset of fever, then reached 3 to 10 folds of the upper range. All the patients received hepatoprotective therapy, and transaminase levels gradually decreased to the normal range after 2 to 3 weeks.	Table 2 and Figure 2). There was no evidence of infection for other pathogens related to liver injuries such as EBV, TORCH, ECHO virus, Coxsackie virus (CA16/CVB), and hepatitis B/C virus.	F2	PMC10196249_02	PMC10196249	file_0004832	PMC10196249_04	CC BY
PMC10196249_04_fped-11-1179402-g002.jpg	PMC10196249_fped-11-1179402-g002_L_1_1.webp	ALT level trend over time of the four patients. All patients had normal liver function at the initial stage of the course. ALT elevation (>41 U/L) occurred 5 to 8 days after the first onset of fever, then reached 3 to 10 folds of the upper range. All the patients received hepatoprotective therapy, and transaminase levels gradually decreased to the normal range after 2 to 3 weeks.	Table 2 and Figure 2). There was no evidence of infection for other pathogens related to liver injuries such as EBV, TORCH, ECHO virus, Coxsackie virus (CA16/CVB), and hepatitis B/C virus.	F2	PMC10196249_03	PMC10196249	file_0004832	PMC10196249_04	CC BY
PMC10196249_04_fped-11-1179402-g002.jpg	PMC10196249_fped-11-1179402-g002_L_1_1.webp	ALT level trend over time of the four patients. All patients had normal liver function at the initial stage of the course. ALT elevation (>41 U/L) occurred 5 to 8 days after the first onset of fever, then reached 3 to 10 folds of the upper range. All the patients received hepatoprotective therapy, and transaminase levels gradually decreased to the normal range after 2 to 3 weeks.	Table 2 and Figure 2). There was no evidence of infection for other pathogens related to liver injuries such as EBV, TORCH, ECHO virus, Coxsackie virus (CA16/CVB), and hepatitis B/C virus.	F2	PMC10196249_04	PMC10196249	file_0004832	PMC10196249_04	CC BY
PMC7174775_01_fneur-11-00231-g0002.jpg	PMC7174775_fneur-11-00231-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp	The 10 repetitions of third Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) participant (DP3) for wrist extension that were used to acquire the average normalized map. The lower part shows an example of the protocol followed to record the data. In this example, the participant was instructed to extend his wrist for 3 s and then rest for 3 s. This was repeated 10 times. The same procedure was followed for all the seven gestures.	Participants performed seven different gestures involving hand and wrist motions (Figure 2). For every gesture, 10 repetitions of 3 s contractions were performed, together with 10 repetitions of 3-s resting periods between the contractions (Figure 2). For every electrode, the average of this 1-s contraction was calculated and used to construct 10 heatmaps per gesture (Figure 2).	F2	PMC7174775_01	PMC7174775	file_0101173	PMC7174775_01	CC BY
PMC5769854_01_jkns-61-1-120f1.jpg	PMC5769854_jkns-61-1-120f1_A_1_3.webp	CT revealing calcification, necrosis, cystic formation of the mass lesion (A and B). No hyperostosis or bone absorbtion was observed (C).	CT (Fig. 1A, B) revealed an iso- to hyperdense lesion in the right basal ganglion extending to superasellar cistern, 4.0x4.4 cm in size with peripheral calcification. No hyperostosis of sellaturcica was noticed (Fig. 1C).	f1-jkns-61-1-120	PMC5769854_01	PMC5769854	file_0075991	PMC5769854_01	CC BY-NC
PMC5769854_01_jkns-61-1-120f2.jpg	PMC5769854_jkns-61-1-120f2_A_1_6.webp	MRI showing a mass lesion in the right basal ganglia consisted of solid and cystic parts. The solid part manifesting isointense signal on T1-weighted (A), T2-weighted (B), and FLAIR (C) with heterogeneous enhancement (D and E); the cystic part showing hypointense signal on both T1-weighted (A) and FLAIR (C) and hyperintensity on T2-weighted images (B) without enhancement of the wall (D and E). Although the lower margin of the tumor touched the dorsum sellae dura, 'dura tail' sign was not noted (E). Postoperative MRI revealing that most of the tumor has been resected and the residual part detached from the dorsum sellae (F). Subdural fluid accumulation in the surgical region was also detected (F). FLAIR: fluid at tenuation inversion recovery, MRI: magetic resonance imaging.	Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated most of the mass lesion was iso-intense on T1-weighted, T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images with inhomogeneous enhancement (Fig. 2A-E). Postoperative MRI revealed that most of the tumor had been resected and the residual part has been detached from dorsumsellae (Fig. 2F).	f2-jkns-61-1-120	PMC5769854_01	PMC5769854	file_0075994	PMC5769854_01	CC BY-NC
PMC5769854_01_jkns-61-1-120f3.jpg	PMC5769854_jkns-61-1-120f3_A_1_6.webp	Hematoxylin-eosin staining exhibiting sheetlike growth, foci of spontaneous, increased cellularity, small cells with a high nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio and prominent nucleoli (A: original magnification, x100; B: original magnification, x400). Immunohistochemical staining showing positive for epitheliod membrane antigen (D: original magnification, x400), but negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein (E: original magnification, x400) and S-100 protein (F: original magnification, x400). Ki-67 labeling index being approximately 10% (C: original magnification, x400).	Histopathological examination revealed features of atypical meningioma with Ki-67 labeling index been approximately 10% (Fig. 3A-C). Immunohistochemistry showed the tumor positive for epithelial membrane antigen and negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein and S-100 protein (Fig. 3D-F).	f3-jkns-61-1-120	PMC5769854_01	PMC5769854	file_0076000	PMC5769854_01	CC BY-NC
PMC7265352_01_SNI-11-104-g001.jpg	PMC7265352_SNI-11-104-g001_a_1_2.webp	Preoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in (a) sagittal and (b) axial views demonstrating the left-sided lateral recess epidural venous plexus at the adjacent level above a fusion mimicking a herniated disk associated with adjacent segment disease.	The MRI showed what appeared to be an L4-L5 left-sided disk herniation above the level of her prior fusion (i.e., adjacent L4-L5 segment disk disease) [Figure 1].	F1	PMC7265352_01	PMC7265352	file_0103112	PMC7265352_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7265352_01_SNI-11-104-g002.jpg	PMC7265352_SNI-11-104-g002_a_1_2.webp	Intraoperative view down the minimally invasive tubular retractor showing (a) the lateral edge of the dural and nerve root with cottonoids and Surgicel hemostatic material at both the nerve root shoulder and axilla after encountering copious venous bleeding. (b) View of the nerve root after exploration which demonstrated no herniated disk bulge or fragment.	Due to the fragility of the plexus and recurrent venous bleeding, multiple hemostatic agents were repeatedly employed to control the bleeding [Figure 2].	F2	PMC7265352_01	PMC7265352	file_0103114	PMC7265352_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7265352_01_SNI-11-104-g003.jpg	PMC7265352_SNI-11-104-g003_a_1_2.webp	(a) Preoperative and (b) postoperative T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging showing resolution of the epidural venous plexus after surgical intervention, confirming its etiology as the source of radiculopathy.	She was discharged on postoperative day 1 after a follow-up MRI confirmed an EVP as the ultimate etiology of her radiculopathy [Figure 3].	F3	PMC7265352_01	PMC7265352	file_0103116	PMC7265352_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7201103_01_fpubh-08-00152-g0001.jpg	PMC7201103_fpubh-08-00152-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp	Trend data of clinical classification of severity in a Case series of COVID-19. Numbers of cases of men or women in different clinical classes of severity. Chi-square (chi2) test for trend indicated that males tend to experience more serious cases of COVID-19 than females according to the clinical classification of severity including Mild+Moderate, Severe, and Critical.	Critical pneumonia, respectively. Chi-square (chi2) test for trend indicated that men's cases of COVID-19 tended to be more serious than women's (P = 0.035), according to the clinical classification of severity (Figure 1).	F1	PMC7201103_01	PMC7201103	file_0101842	PMC7201103_01	CC BY
PMC7201103_01_fpubh-08-00152-g0003.jpg	PMC7201103_fpubh-08-00152-g0003_A_1_4.webp	Role of age and gender in morbidity and mortality in a Cases series of SARS, in 2003. (A) The whole spectrum of age in patients who died from and survived SARS. (B) Comparation of age between males and females in both patients who died from and survived SARS. (C) Gender distribution in both patients who died from and survived SARS. (D) Survival analysis comparing mortality rates between male and female patients with SARS.	While the deceased patients were significantly older than the patients who survived (Figure 3A), ages were comparable between men and women in both patients who deceased and survived with SARS (Figure 3B). The proportion of men was higher in the deceased group (53.2%) than in the group who survived (42.3%) (chi2 test, P = 0.027) (Figure 3C). Survival analysis showed that men had a significantly higher mortality rate than women (31.2 vs. 22.6%) in this hospital-based cohort (hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.47 [1.05-2.06], P = 0.026) (Figure 3D).	F3	PMC7201103_01	PMC7201103	file_0101843	PMC7201103_01	CC BY
PMC7373792_01_fgene-11-00755-g001.jpg	PMC7373792_fgene-11-00755-g001_A_1_6.webp	The clinical and genetic information of the family. (A) Pedigree of the family with low levels of HDL-c. Family members are identified by generations and numbers. Squares indicate male family members; circles, female members; closed symbols, affected members; open symbols, unaffected members; arrow, proband. (B) The coronary angiography of the proband, the arrow shows the stenosis of the anterior descending coronary artery. The ECG testing of the proband before percutaneous coronary intervention (C) and after percutaneous coronary intervention (D). (E) Sequencing results of the ABCA8 mutation. Sequence chromatogram indicates a C to T transition of nucleotide 3460. (F) The structure of ABCA8 and the summary of reported mutations of ABCA8.	Coronary angiography indicated approximately 60-80% stenosis of the anterior descending coronary artery (Figure 1B), ECG testing also suggested the patient suffered from CHD (Figure 1C). And breathing sound of the lungs was clearly, the heart rate was normal (Figure 1D), and the insertion site recovered well. After data filtering, a novel nonsense mutation (NM_007168: c.3460C>T; p.R1154X) of ABCA8 was identified and validated by Sanger sequencing in the proband (Figure 1E). Sanger sequencing further confirmed that only the affected individuals (II-2, II-4, and III-1) carried the novel nonsense mutation (NM_007168: c.3460C>T; p.R1154X) of ABCA8 (Figure 1F).	F1	PMC7373792_01	PMC7373792	file_0105872	PMC7373792_01	CC BY
PMC8138243_01_cop-0012-0270-g01.jpg	PMC8138243_cop-0012-0270-g01_undivided_1_1.webp	Patient showing NF with eschar formation in upper eyelid in the right eye at the day of admission at the hospital. NF, necrotizing fasciitis.	At presentation, the patient's right eye was closed by erythematous and swelling of the right upper lid (Fig. 1).	F1	PMC8138243_01	PMC8138243	file_0117975	PMC8138243_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8138243_01_cop-0012-0270-g02.jpg	PMC8138243_cop-0012-0270-g02_undivided_1_1.webp	Tomography presenting preseptal edema and heterogeneous fluid, suggesting abscess in the right eyelid.	Figure 2 presents the aspect of both eyelids in the tomography.	F2	PMC8138243_01	PMC8138243	file_0117976	PMC8138243_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8138243_01_cop-0012-0270-g03.jpg	PMC8138243_cop-0012-0270-g03_undivided_1_1.webp	Patient presenting the upper eyelid aspect of the right eye minutes after the debridement.	Figure 3 presents the eyelid aspect immediately after the surgery.	F3	PMC8138243_01	PMC8138243	file_0117977	PMC8138243_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8138243_01_cop-0012-0270-g04.jpg	PMC8138243_cop-0012-0270-g04_undivided_1_1.webp	Upper eyelid aspect after 15 days of the debridement.	Seven days after debridement, he presented satisfactory cicatrization without any symptoms (Fig. 4).	F4	PMC8138243_01	PMC8138243	file_0117978	PMC8138243_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8138243_01_cop-0012-0270-g05.jpg	PMC8138243_cop-0012-0270-g05_a_1_2.webp	Upper eyelid aspect after 2 months of debridement with closed (a) and opened (b) eyes.	After 2 months, the eyelid was completely healed with no retraction (Fig. 5a, b).	F5	PMC8138243_01	PMC8138243	file_0117979	PMC8138243_01	CC BY-NC
PMC3546213_01_kjpain-26-62-g001.jpg	PMC3546213_kjpain-26-62-g001_A_1_2.webp	Final position of the local anesthetic block needle under fluoroscopic guidance. The needle was positioned around the stylomastoid foramen. (A) Anteroposterior view. (B) Lateral view.	Both sides of the mastoid process and mandible were superimposed on a lateral fluoroscope imaging view (Fig. 1).	F1	PMC3546213_01	PMC3546213	file_0022749	PMC3546213_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4108191_01_amjcaserep-15-300-g001.jpg	PMC4108191_amjcaserep-15-300-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	A clot in the right pulmonary artery diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography. AO - aorta, MPA - main pulmonary artery, RPA - right pulmonary artery.	In addition, a 2.6 1.6 cm echogenic mass was detected in the left pulmonary artery, consistent with thrombosis (Figure 1).	f1-amjcaserep-15-300	PMC4108191_01	PMC4108191	file_0035240	PMC4108191_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC4108191_01_amjcaserep-15-300-g002.jpg	PMC4108191_amjcaserep-15-300-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Uterine leiomyoma and the compression of both common iliac veins. The arrows show the venous compression (white arrows) and the uterine mass (black arrows).	Given her leiomyoma history, she underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which revealed a huge uterine-derived mass compressing both common iliac veins (Figure 2).	f2-amjcaserep-15-300	PMC4108191_01	PMC4108191	file_0035241	PMC4108191_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC8200619_03_CHSJ-47-01-117-fig1.jpg	PMC8200619_CHSJ-47-01-117-fig1_a_1_2.webp	Stage 2 MRONJ. Clinical aspect of dehiscence in the operated area, 2 weeks after surgical intervention of removing the necrotic bone tissue by marginal resection of the mandible down to the clinically healthy bone (a). Radiological aspect of MRONJ (b)		F1	PMC8200619_03	PMC8200619	file_0118974	PMC8200619_03	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC5420015_01_gr1.jpg	PMC5420015_gr1_A_1_3.webp	Case 1. A: At 29 weeks, a fetal echocardiogram showed ventricular tachycardia (VT) with a ventricular rate of 220 beats per minute (bpm), compared with an atrial rate of 130 bpm. B: Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) revealed polymorphic VT. C: fMCG showed a prolonged QT interval (591 ms) during sinus rhythm.	One week later, a follow-up fetal echocardiogram showed a ventricular rate of 220 bpm (atrial rate was 130 bpm) (Figure 1A). An fMCG was then performed which revealed nonsustained VT alternating with sinus rhythm (rate 130 bpm) (Figure 1B). The QTc was 591 ms (Figure 1C).	f0005	PMC5420015_01	PMC5420015	file_0067426	PMC5420015_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5420015_02_gr3.jpg	PMC5420015_gr3_A_1_4.webp	Case 2. A: At 24 weeks' gestation, the initial fetal echocardiography showed fetal ventricular tachycardia with a ventricular rate of 187 beats per minute (bpm) and an atrial rate of 123 bpm. B: Fetal magnetocardiography (fMCG) revealed sustained ventricular tachycardia with a V rate of 220 bpm. C: fMCG showed a prolonged QT interval (511 ms) during transient sinus rhythm. D: At this time, the fetus also developed ascites, skin edema, and pericardial effusion as symptoms of severe hydrops.	The fetal echocardiogram revealed a peristent tachycardia with atrioventricular dissociation (Figure 3A). The fMCG confirmed the clinical diagnosis of VT with a rate of 220 bpm (Figure 3B) with a prolonged (511 ms) QTc during brief (<20% of the recording time) episodes of sinus rhythm (rate 110-120 bpm) (Figure 3C). However, despite maternal serum magnesium levels of 1.28 mmol/L (normal range 0.65-1.05 mmol/L), the VT persisted and the fetus became hydropic (Figure 3D).	f0015	PMC5420015_02	PMC5420015	file_0067429	PMC5420015_02	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC6921157_01_gr2.jpg	PMC6921157_gr2_A_1_2.webp	Long-term video electroencephalogram demonstrated two types of seizures: (A) Rhythmic waves started from middle-temporal area (T3) and gradually increased its amplitudes and spread to ipsilateral frontal area, then to the contralateral hemisphere; (B) The similar pattern of rhythmic waves started from the right anterior-temporal area (F8).	Her consciousness was partially impaired during the seizure. vEEG showed rhythmic wave that started from the left middle temporal area and spread to the ipsilateral frontal region, and then to the contralateral hemisphere (Fig. 2A); The other started with lightheadedness and vEEG showed similar rhythmic waves that started from the right anterior temporal area (Fig. 2B).	f0010	PMC6921157_01	PMC6921157	file_0099249	PMC6921157_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4550780_01_fpsyg-06-01182-g0002.jpg	PMC4550780_fpsyg-06-01182-g0002_left_1_2.webp	Human performance (from Bach et al.,) on center-embedded constructions in German and cross-dependency constructions in Dutch with one or two levels of embedding (left). SRN performance on similar complex recursive structures (from Christiansen and MacDonald,) (right).	Figure 2 shows the results of the Bach et al. study on the left-hand side. The right-hand side of Figure 2 shows the mean sentence GPE scores, averaged across 10 novel sentences.	F2	PMC4550780_01	PMC4550780	file_0045259	PMC4550780_01	CC BY
PMC4508704_01_nmc-54-155-g1.jpg	PMC4508704_nmc-54-155-g1_A_1_3.webp	Dynamic CTA (preop: axial lateral). A: Dynamic CTA shows dilatation of the left SOV and insufficient intracranial circulation. B: Dynamic CTA shows aggravation of CCF. An increase in the dilatation of the left SOV can be observed in addition to intracranial cortical vein reflux. C: Dilatation of the left SOV and marked retrograde flow in the left intracranial veins can be seen. CCF: carotid-cavernous fistula, CTA: computed tomography angiography, SOV: superior ophthalmic vein.	Although the symptoms temporarily improved in response to intermittent manual compression of the carotid artery, they became more severe again (Fig. 1).	F1	PMC4508704_01	PMC4508704	file_0043555	PMC4508704_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC2750244_01_89-6601478f1.jpg	PMC2750244_89-6601478f1_undivided_1_1.webp	Computed tomography scan before and after treatment with gefitinib. Reproduced with permission from: Cappuzzo F, Calandri C, Bartolini S, Crino L (2003b).	The complete response in the brain was observed 6 weeks after treatment with gefitinib started in a patient who had completed whole-brain radiotherapy 3 months prior to the beginning of gefitinib (Figure 1).	fig1	PMC2750244_01	PMC2750244	file_0012823	PMC2750244_01	CC BY
PMC2750244_01_89-6601478f2.jpg	PMC2750244_89-6601478f2_undivided_1_1.webp	Case history of a patient with NSCLC and brain metastases taking gefitinib. Data previously presented by: van Zandwijk N. Risk/benefit of gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839). Oral presentation at the ICE meeting, Madrid, June 2003. Used with permission.	ICE meeting showed good tolerance of concurrent gefitinib and radiotherapy (van Zandwijk [b], ICE abs, personal communication). In this case study, a 55-year-old male exsmoker with stage IV NSCLC and multiple pulmonary (lymphangitic) metastases developed multiple brain metastases (approximately 20 small lesions) after receiving treatment with gefitinib for >1 year (Figure 2).	fig2	PMC2750244_01	PMC2750244	file_0012824	PMC2750244_01	CC BY
PMC3108731_01_idr-3-001f1.jpg	PMC3108731_idr-3-001f1_undivided_1_1.webp	Chest radiography showing complete opacity of the right lung with a shifted mediastinum to the left.	A chest radiograph and computed tomography (CT) of the chest showed a large amount of right pleural effusion (Figure 1).	f1-idr-3-001	PMC3108731_01	PMC3108731	file_0016272	PMC3108731_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC3108731_01_idr-3-001f2.jpg	PMC3108731_idr-3-001f2_undivided_1_1.webp	Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showing a large liver abscess.	A CT scan of the abdomen detected large liver abscess (Figure 2).	f2-idr-3-001	PMC3108731_01	PMC3108731	file_0016273	PMC3108731_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC3108731_01_idr-3-001f3.jpg	PMC3108731_idr-3-001f3_undivided_1_1.webp	The features of the pleural fluid showing a milk-chocolate brown or cafe au lait color.	Thoracentesis revealed milk chocolate or cafe au lait colored pleural fluid (Figure 3).	f3-idr-3-001	PMC3108731_01	PMC3108731	file_0016274	PMC3108731_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC3981348_01_cp-2012-1-e9-g001.jpg	PMC3981348_cp-2012-1-e9-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Recurrence in abdominal wall scar.	In October 2010, patient presented with swelling in anterior abdominal wall rapidly increasing for last 2 months (Figure 1).	F1	PMC3981348_01	PMC3981348	file_0032771	PMC3981348_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC3981348_01_cp-2012-1-e9-g002.jpg	PMC3981348_cp-2012-1-e9-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen showing recurrence in abdominal wall scar.	CECT thorax and abdomen was done which revealed a soft tissue mass lesion in the anterior abdominal wall at umbilical level involving the anterior abdominal wall muscle (B/L rectus abdominis), subcutaneous tissues and overlying skin with small calcific foci within, measuring 64.7x66x54 mm (Figure 2).	F2	PMC3981348_01	PMC3981348	file_0032772	PMC3981348_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC3981348_01_cp-2012-1-e9-g003.jpg	PMC3981348_cp-2012-1-e9-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Histology of metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma.	Cytological features were consistent with metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma (Figure 3).	F3	PMC3981348_01	PMC3981348	file_0032773	PMC3981348_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC5259936_01_JCytol-34-59-g001.jpg	PMC5259936_JCytol-34-59-g001_a_1_3.webp	(a) Computed tomography of the head showing soft tissue lesion on scalp in the frontal region with destruction of underlying bone. (b) Cytological smear showing cells arranged in microfollicular structures and having monotonous enlarged hyperchromatic nuclei (Leishman, x100). (c) Immunocytochemistry showing positivity for Thyroglobulin (IHC, x200)	Smears showed cells arranged in a repeated microfollicular pattern having monotonous enlarged, hyperchromatic nuclei, reminiscent of follicular neoplasm of thyroid and were suspected to be metastasis from FTC [Figure 1b]. Immunocytochemistry was done and the cells showed positive staining for thyroglobulin [Figure 1c] and cytokeratin. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a 3 x 3 cm soft tissue lesion in scalp in frontal region with destruction of underlying bone [Figure 1a].	F1	PMC5259936_01	PMC5259936	file_0062701	PMC5259936_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4717627_01_13256_2015_790_Fig1_HTML.jpg	PMC4717627_13256_2015_790_Fig1_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp	Changes in serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels, urinary 8-carboxyl porphyrin (URO) and urinary 4-carboxyl porphyrin (COPRO) during treatment. ACT-D actinomycin D, ATH abdominal total hysterectomy, D&C dilatation and curettage, MTX methotrexate	One month after D&C, our patient presented with an elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level (Fig. 1). No changes in our patient's urinary coproporphyrin or uroporphyrin levels were observed despite the appearance of skin lesions (Fig. 1). ACT-D was not implicated as either porphyrinogenic or nonporphyrinogenic, our patient received intravenous ACT-D at a dose of 1.5 mg/day on days 1-5 of every 2-week period, starting on day 70 of her clinical course. As shown in Fig. 1, her serum hCG level effectively decreased, and the lung metastasis disappeared without any porphyric attacks. After five cycles of ACT-D, her serum hCG level stabilized at 3.2 mIU/mL. Although other chemotherapeutic drugs were considered, a negative serum hCG level was achieved and maintained for the following 3 years.	Fig1	PMC4717627_01	PMC4717627	file_0048434	PMC4717627_01	CC BY
PMC5114320_01_11739_2015_1384_Fig1_HTML.jpg	PMC5114320_11739_2015_1384_Fig1_HTML_a_1_1.webp	a Giant systolic pulsations with prominent V-waves, known as the Lancisi sign or C-V waves (please see on-line Video 1 and 2); b transthoracic echocardiography 4-chamber view demonstrating a dilatated right atrium and right ventricle and severe tricuspid regurgitation with a moderately reduced right ventricular function (RA right atrium, RV right ventricle, TR tricuspid regurgitation, LA felt atrium, LV left ventricle)	On jugular venous examination, giant systolic pulsations with prominent V-waves, known as the Lancisi sign or C-V waves, were noted (Fig. 1a, Video appendix 1 and 2).	Fig1	PMC5114320_01	PMC5114320	file_0060518	PMC5114320_01	CC BY
PMC6834456_01_2432-261X-3-0396-g003.jpg	PMC6834456_2432-261X-3-0396-g003_a_1_4.webp	Preoperative embolization and Pathology photograph.. (a) Embolization of the bilateral L4 lumbar arteries and left iliolumbar artery was performed. (b) Intraoperative photograph after resection of the tumor. The left L5 nerve root was preserved, and the cage was inserted cephalad to the L5 root and then expanded. (c) In a low-power view, fibrous connective tissue associated with capillary proliferation (white arrow) and fibrin deposition (black arrow) are observed. These findings are consistent with the diagnosis of an aneurysmal bone cyst. (d) In a high-power view, there is fibrous connective tissue associated with capillary proliferation. No malignancy is observed.	We performed preoperative arterial embolization of the bilateral L4 lumbar arteries and the left iliolumbar artery to prevent intraoperative hemorrhage (Fig. 3a). Using intraoperative navigation to identify tumor margins, a thorough curettage was performed to remove the tumor (Fig. 3b). The final pathological diagnosis of ABC was made by confirming the fibrous connective tissue accompanied by capillary proliferation and partial fibrin deposition, with no signs of malignancy (Fig. 3c, d).	g003	PMC6834456_01	PMC6834456	file_0098130	PMC6834456_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC6834456_01_2432-261X-3-0396-g004.jpg	PMC6834456_2432-261X-3-0396-g004_a_1_3.webp	Postoperative X-ray and MRI.. (a) Postoperative X-ray of the lumbar spine (b) Postoperative MRI two years after surgery with no signs of recurrence. (c) Postoperative CT two years after surgery showing interbody fusion between L4 and S1 within the expandable cage and by the right posterolateral fusion mass.	Pedicle screws were inserted into L4 and S1, and an expandable cage packed with autologous bone chips was placed between the vertebral bodies to reconstruct the lumbar spine's anterior strut (Fig. 4a). At two years follow up, CT and MRI showed no apparent signs of recurrence (Fig. 4b, c).	g004	PMC6834456_01	PMC6834456	file_0098134	PMC6834456_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4258217_01_PAMJ-18-251-g001.jpg	PMC4258217_PAMJ-18-251-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Flowing candle wax condensation in the proximal femur on a plane radiography, specific of the Leri's disease	Plain radiographs of the pelvis and proximal femur showed hypercondensation of the medial cortex of the left femur below the calcar, the classic flowing candle wax, combined with condensation of the iliac side of the sacroiliac joints bilaterally (Figure 1).	F0001	PMC4258217_01	PMC4258217	file_0037480	PMC4258217_01	CC BY
PMC4258217_01_PAMJ-18-251-g002.jpg	PMC4258217_PAMJ-18-251-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	CT scan showing condensation of the iliac sides of sacro iliac joints	CT of the pelvis and left femur was performed and showed an hypercondensation in the medial cortex of the left femur, and a bilateral condensation of the iliac side of the sacroiliac joints (Figure 2, Figure 3).	F0002	PMC4258217_01	PMC4258217	file_0037481	PMC4258217_01	CC BY
PMC4258217_01_PAMJ-18-251-g003.jpg	PMC4258217_PAMJ-18-251-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	The caracteristic candle wax condensation of the proximal femur below the calcar in the CT scan	CT of the pelvis and left femur was performed and showed an hypercondensation in the medial cortex of the left femur, and a bilateral condensation of the iliac side of the sacroiliac joints (Figure 2, Figure 3).	F0003	PMC4258217_01	PMC4258217	file_0037482	PMC4258217_01	CC BY
PMC4258217_01_PAMJ-18-251-g004.jpg	PMC4258217_PAMJ-18-251-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	MRI on T2 sequence showing the condensation of the iliac side of the sacro iliac joints with no involvment of the joint nor the soft tissues	An MRI was performed and showed the same bone condensation without extensions to the soft tissues (Figure 4).	F0004	PMC4258217_01	PMC4258217	file_0037483	PMC4258217_01	CC BY
PMC6742877_01_JOCR-9-79-g002.jpg	PMC6742877_JOCR-9-79-g002_a_1_3.webp	(a-c) Floating knee with knee-spanning fixator in situ.	As per records, he had 3*2cm wound on anterior aspect of thigh which was thoroughly washed, debrided, and sutured and damage control surgery was done in the form of knee-spanning fixator (Fig. 2)and the patient was put on intravenous antibiotics. The right lower limb X-rays revealed knee-spanning external fixator with fracture of lower end femur and proximal end tibia with bent implant in situ (Fig. 2).	F2	PMC6742877_01	PMC6742877	file_0096490	PMC6742877_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC6742877_01_JOCR-9-79-g004.jpg	PMC6742877_JOCR-9-79-g004_a_1_2.webp	(a and b) Skin incision used for fixing the fractures.	The distal femur was opened through lateral approach using liberal skin incision(Fig. 4).	F4	PMC6742877_01	PMC6742877	file_0096493	PMC6742877_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC6742877_01_JOCR-9-79-g006.jpg	PMC6742877_JOCR-9-79-g006_a_1_2.webp	(a and b) Distal radius fracture.	We could not ambulate the patient as he had another fracture in the wrist in the recent past, (Fig. 6).	F6	PMC6742877_01	PMC6742877	file_0096495	PMC6742877_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC6742877_01_JOCR-9-79-g009.jpg	PMC6742877_JOCR-9-79-g009_undivided_1_1.webp	Knee range of motion.	The foot drop was also recovering and there was no extension lag and knee flexion was upto 90 (Fig. 9).	F9	PMC6742877_01	PMC6742877	file_0096497	PMC6742877_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC9108155_07_fpsyt-13-875636-g0001.jpg	PMC9108155_fpsyt-13-875636-g0001_l_1_1.webp	Management summary: therapeutic strategy, clinical course and diagnostic tests. EEG, electroencephalogram; ER, extended release; NA, not administered; N, normal values ; CT, computed tomography (brain) scan; T, abnormal; ?, normal, within normal limits; , elevated value, within normal limits; , elevated value, above normal or supratherapeutic; , decreased value, within normal limits; , decreased value, below normal or subtherapeutic; : discontinued; Normal values: serum lithium level: N = (0.84-1.2) mg/l; serum valproate level: N = (41-100) mEg/l; serum ammonia level: N = (16-60) mumol/l.	The rechallenge of the combination long after the first episode then enabled a more objective examination of another increase in the serum valproate level, with more moderate hyperammonemia (without encephalopathy or associated clinical signs), concomitant with the re-initiation of lithium, despite a progressive decrease in the doses of valproate semisodium administered (Figure 1).	F1	PMC9108155_07	PMC9108155	file_0133258	PMC9108155_07	CC BY
PMC6205350_01_gr1.jpg	PMC6205350_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Initial axial Computed Tomography of the chest showing a right upper lobe wedge-shaped peripheral ground glass and cavitary opacities consistent with pulmonary infarcts.	The patient's clinical condition was initially improving but after an extensive hospital stay he subsequently died after a cardiac arrest (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3).	fig1	PMC6205350_01	PMC6205350	file_0085587	PMC6205350_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC6205350_01_gr3.jpg	PMC6205350_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	Repeat Computed Tomography of the chest showing right lower lobe consolidation with small right pleural effusion, right upper lobe consolidation with partial ground glass opacity and a right upper lobe cavitary lesion measuring 3.5 x 2 cm.	The patient's clinical condition was initially improving but after an extensive hospital stay he subsequently died after a cardiac arrest (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3).	fig3	PMC6205350_01	PMC6205350	file_0085588	PMC6205350_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4064426_01_gr1.jpg	PMC4064426_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Photograph showing pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen with mass in the periampullary region indicated by the arrow.	The gross specimen revealed a growth of 4 x 3 cm in the AmV (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC4064426_01	PMC4064426	file_0034394	PMC4064426_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4064426_01_gr3.jpg	PMC4064426_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	Microphotograph of immunohistochemistry showing co-expression with p63 in areas of squamous of differentiation.	Immunohistochemistry was planned which confirmed adenosquamous carcinoma (Figs. 3 and 4).	fig0015	PMC4064426_01	PMC4064426	file_0034395	PMC4064426_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4064426_01_gr4.jpg	PMC4064426_gr4_undivided_1_1.webp	Microphotograph of immunohistochemistry showing co-expression of CK5&6 in areas of squamous differentiation.	Immunohistochemistry was planned which confirmed adenosquamous carcinoma (Figs. 3 and 4).	fig0020	PMC4064426_01	PMC4064426	file_0034396	PMC4064426_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10415754_01_gr1.jpg	PMC10415754_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Chest X-ray showing patchy increased density in the left lower lobe, lingula, and right middle and lower lobes.	Chest X-ray indicated a patchy increased density in the left lower lobe, lingula, and right middle and lower lobes (Fig. 1).	fig1	PMC10415754_01	PMC10415754	file_0009770	PMC10415754_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10415754_01_gr2.jpg	PMC10415754_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp	CT angiography of the chest showing multiple, fluffy, nodules of varying size and ill-defined margins throughout both lungs.	However, multiple, fluffy, nodules of varying size and ill-defined margins were seen throughout both lungs (Fig. 2).	fig2	PMC10415754_01	PMC10415754	file_0009771	PMC10415754_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10415754_01_gr3.jpg	PMC10415754_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	High resolution CT of the chest remonstrating the nodules with feeding vessel sign.	Pulmonology was consulted and, based on the findings on high resolution CT scan of the chest (Fig. 3), the decision was made to perform navigational bronchoscopy to obtain endobronchial and transbronchial lung biopsies.	fig3	PMC10415754_01	PMC10415754	file_0009772	PMC10415754_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10228719_01_fonc-13-1190100-g001.jpg	PMC10228719_fonc-13-1190100-g001_A_1_6.webp	(A) Fiberoptic bronchoscopy shows cauliflower-like new organisms blocking the left main bronchus and oozing blood on the surface of the new organisms. The pathological classification of lung squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed by multi-biomarker immunohistochemistry. (B) HEx100, (C) HEx400, (D) ki-67, (E) P40, (F) TTF-1.	This location was the site of the biopsy, which revealed lung squamous cell carcinoma ( Figure 1A ). TTF-1 (-) ( Figures 1B-F ) in immunohistochemistry. The patient ceased chemotherapy because he could not endure the adverse effects of nausea and vomiting after one cycle of perfusion chemotherapy (40 mg nedaplatin via bronchial artery infusion administration) and paclitaxel systemic intravenous treatment.	f1	PMC10228719_01	PMC10228719	file_0005638	PMC10228719_01	CC BY
PMC10228719_01_fonc-13-1190100-g002.jpg	PMC10228719_fonc-13-1190100-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	The clinical course schedule of this patient includes the treatment plan received by the patient and the chest CT of the disease response on each treatment route.	The therapy options, disease response, and PFS for each treatment line are summarized in Figure 2 .	f2	PMC10228719_01	PMC10228719	file_0005644	PMC10228719_01	CC BY
PMC10182372_01_PAMJ-44-88-g001.jpg	PMC10182372_PAMJ-44-88-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	pre-procedure echocardiogram	Echocardiography showed a 7mm perimembranous ventricular septal defect partially restricted by the tricuspid valve septal leaflet aneurysm, shunting left to right (Figure 1).	F1	PMC10182372_01	PMC10182372	file_0004469	PMC10182372_01	CC BY
PMC10182372_01_PAMJ-44-88-g002.jpg	PMC10182372_PAMJ-44-88-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	left ventriculogram	A left ventriculogram done in left anterior oblique (LAO) 400 cranial 200 view using a 5Fr pigtail catheter confirmed the echocardiography findings (Figure 2).	F2	PMC10182372_01	PMC10182372	file_0004470	PMC10182372_01	CC BY
PMC10182372_01_PAMJ-44-88-g003.jpg	PMC10182372_PAMJ-44-88-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	ventricular septal defect device post-release	TTE guidance and released (Figure 3). The procedure time was 77 minutes and the fluoroscopy time was 24.3 minutes.	F3	PMC10182372_01	PMC10182372	file_0004471	PMC10182372_01	CC BY
PMC10182372_01_PAMJ-44-88-g004.jpg	PMC10182372_PAMJ-44-88-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	post-procedure echocardiogram	Post-deployment TTE showed the device in a stable position with no residual shunt and no aortic valve regurgitation (Figure 4).	F4	PMC10182372_01	PMC10182372	file_0004472	PMC10182372_01	CC BY
PMC5773468_01_gr1.jpg	PMC5773468_gr1_A_1_3.webp	A) Coronal unenhanced computed tomography (CT) image shows a crescent-shaped thickening of the aortic wall (arrowheads) with greater attenuation than the lumen, and pericardial effusion (circles). B) Sagittal contrast-enhanced CT image shows a localized blood-filled pouch (arrow) protruding into the intramural hematoma from the aortic lumen, characteristic for ulcer-like projection. C) Intraoperative findings of 2 cm transverse-shaped intimal tear (arrow) identified above the non-coronary sinus.	A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed an aneurysm of the ascending aorta complicated by type A IMH, an ulcer-like projection (ULP) and pericardial effusion (Fig. 1A, B). HCA no intimal flap was evident, a fresh IMH placed 4 cm above the non-coronary sinus was evacuated and 2 cm transverse shaped intimal tear was identified (Fig. 1C). Hemiarch procedure associated with root replacement, using two-grafts techniques, was performed.	fig0005	PMC5773468_01	PMC5773468	file_0076269	PMC5773468_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5773468_02_gr2.jpg	PMC5773468_gr2_A_1_3.webp	A) Axial unenhanced computed tomography (CT) image shows a crescent-shaped thickening of the aortic wall (arrowheads) with greater attenuation than the lumen. B) Oblique contrast-enhanced CT image shows a localized blood-filled pouch (arrow) protruding into the intramural hematoma from the aortic lumen, characteristic for ulcer-like projection. C) Intraoperative findings of 1.5 cm linear-shaped intimal tear (arrow) just below the origin of innominate artery.	The CT images showed the presence of an ULP in the ascending aorta 1 cm below the origin of brachiocephalic artery (Fig. 2A, B). HCA hematoma was evacuated, no intimal flap was detected and 1.5 cm linear shaped intimal tear was identified 1 cm below the origin of brachiocephalic artery (Fig. 2C). Hemiarch procedure associated to root replacement using two-grafts technique was performed; the postoperative course was uneventfully and the patient was discharged home on 13th POD.	fig0010	PMC5773468_02	PMC5773468	file_0076272	PMC5773468_02	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC7481816_02_gr1.jpg	PMC7481816_gr1_A_1_3.webp	Chest radiographs did not show bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (A). Computer tomography (CT) did not show hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy or reveal other significant findings in the lung area (B and C).	Abdominal CT showed hepatosplenomegaly and renal enlargement (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).	fig1	PMC7481816_02	PMC7481816	file_0108017	PMC7481816_02	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC7481816_02_gr3.jpg	PMC7481816_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	Bone marrow biopsy showing noncaseating epithelioid granulomas(circle).	Bone marrow biopsy revealed a large number of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas within the hematopoietic area (Fig. 3).	fig3	PMC7481816_02	PMC7481816	file_0108020	PMC7481816_02	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC7481816_02_gr4.jpg	PMC7481816_gr4_undivided_1_1.webp	Liver biopsy showing small epithelioid granulomas (circle).	Liver biopsy was performed because of hepatosplenomegaly and mild liver dysfunction, and showed non-necrotizing small epithelioid granulomas (Fig. 4).	fig4	PMC7481816_02	PMC7481816	file_0108021	PMC7481816_02	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC7481816_03_gr6.jpg	PMC7481816_gr6_undivided_1_1.webp	Follow-up of laboratory data.	We increased prednisolone to 50 mg daily, after which renal dysfunction and laboratory data including CRP and lysozyme were improved (Fig. 6).	fig6	PMC7481816_03	PMC7481816	file_0108022	PMC7481816_03	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4929381_01_crg-0010-0075-g01.jpg	PMC4929381_crg-0010-0075-g01_a_1_2.webp	Abdominal computed tomography at the first administration. a A 4.2-cm multilocular cystic mass (arrowhead) was observed in the pancreatic head. b A 4.6-cm solid mass (arrow) was detected in the pancreatic tail.	Computed tomography revealed a 4.6-cm solid mass in the pancreatic tail with ring enhancement and a 4.2-cm multilocular cystic mass in the pancreatic head (fig. 1).	F1	PMC4929381_01	PMC4929381	file_0056628	PMC4929381_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4929381_01_crg-0010-0075-g02.jpg	PMC4929381_crg-0010-0075-g02_a_1_2.webp	Abdominal computed tomography 1 month after the first administration revealed two solid masses in the gastric wall of the antrum (a, arrowhead) and the upper body (b, arrow).	Both of them were separated from the primary pancreatic cancer and seemed to be located in the submucosal layer (fig. 2).	F2	PMC4929381_01	PMC4929381	file_0056630	PMC4929381_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4929381_01_crg-0010-0075-g03.jpg	PMC4929381_crg-0010-0075-g03_undivided_1_1.webp	Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor with normal mucosa in the posterior wall of the upper body of the stomach, suggesting the gastric hematogenous metastasis of pancreatic cancer.	Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a submucosal tumor with normal mucosa in the posterior wall of the upper body of the stomach, suggesting the gastric hematogenous metastasis of pancreatic cancer (fig. 3).	F3	PMC4929381_01	PMC4929381	file_0056632	PMC4929381_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8222603_01_fpsyt-12-665868-g0002.jpg	PMC8222603_fpsyt-12-665868-g0002_A_1_2.webp	Myocardial accumulation of metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) is low [H/M = early: 1.72 (A), delayed: 1.34 (B)]. The circled areas indicate heart.	Myocardial accumulation of metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) was low (H/M = early: 1.72, delayed: 1.34) (Figure 2).	F2	PMC8222603_01	PMC8222603	file_0119527	PMC8222603_01	CC BY
PMC6929939_01_OTT-12-11339-g0002.jpg	PMC6929939_OTT-12-11339-g0002_A_1_4.webp	On March 25, 2019, abdominal CT showed a mass (4.2*3.5cm) in the tail of pancreas, and multiple liver nodules were observed (A, B). Abdominal enhanced CT showed multiple liver nodules (C, May 2019). On October 10, 2019, the patient underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with local anesthesia (D).	Subsequently, the patient went to our hospital for abdominal CT examination again, and similar imaging results were found (Figure 2).	F0002	PMC6929939_01	PMC6929939	file_0099346	PMC6929939_01	CC BY-NC
PMC6929939_01_OTT-12-11339-g0003.jpg	PMC6929939_OTT-12-11339-g0003_A_1_6.webp	Positive expression of CgA (A), Syn (B), SSTR2 (C), and glucagon (D) in primary tumor tissue. The Ki-67 index was 5~10% (E) and 25~30% (F) in the primary tumor and liver metastases, respectively.	The results of immunohistochemistry in primary tumor showed that the expression of PCK, EMA (weak), CgA, Syn, CD56, Vim and glucagon was positive, and the positive rate of Ki-67 (MIB-1) was 5~10% (Figure 3).	F0003	PMC6929939_01	PMC6929939	file_0099350	PMC6929939_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8407642_01_AMS-11-169-g001.jpg	PMC8407642_AMS-11-169-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Sublingual hematoma leading to an elevated and retruded tongue position, which, in addition, is enlarged and indurated	Intraoral exploration revealed a prominent, but apparently stable 5 x 4 cm hematoma in the floor of the mouth, pushing the tongue against the pharynx and palate, causing subtotal oropharyngeal obstruction [Figure 1].	F1	PMC8407642_01	PMC8407642	file_0123310	PMC8407642_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8407642_01_AMS-11-169-g002.jpg	PMC8407642_AMS-11-169-g002_a_1_3.webp	(a) Coronal computed tomography scan view showing diffuse enlargement of the floor of the mouth and tongue with subsequent airway space collapse. No drainable hematic collections can be appreciated. (b) 3D reconstruction image showing the performed implant procedure in the mandible. Maxillary implants had been placed in a previous surgical session. Deliberate implant inclination at the canine areas (marks) for occlusal purposes is the usual underlying cause of lingual cortex perforation. (c) Axial and lateral computed tomography scan views showing lingual mandibular cortex perforations at the canine areas (arrows)		F2	PMC8407642_01	PMC8407642	file_0123311	PMC8407642_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8407642_01_AMS-11-169-g003.jpg	PMC8407642_AMS-11-169-g003_a_1_2.webp	The patient was able to complete his implant-based rehabilitation (a). Minimal scarring in the neck (b) due to tracheostomy was the only sequel after 1 year	No implant removal was necessary [Figure 3].	F3	PMC8407642_01	PMC8407642	file_0123314	PMC8407642_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8128506_02_CCID-14-513-g0003.jpg	PMC8128506_CCID-14-513-g0003_A_1_2.webp	Full-face transition of a 25-year-old male-to-female transgender patient who received onabotulinumtoxinA and dermal fillers to feminize the face. (A) Colored dots and arrows indicate injection points with corresponding concentrations of onabotulinumtoxinA or filler injected. (B) The patient before (left) and 3 months after (right) treatment. Patient images provided by Vincent Wong, MD.	Full-face transition in a 25-year-old male-to-female transgender patient (Figure 3).	f0003	PMC8128506_02	PMC8128506	file_0117733	PMC8128506_02	CC BY-NC
PMC8128506_04_CCID-14-513-g0006.jpg	PMC8128506_CCID-14-513-g0006_left_1_2.webp	Feminization of the eyebrow using onabotulinumtoxinA in a patient in his late 20s. The patient before (left) and 2 weeks after (right) treatment. Patient images provided by Terrence Keaney, MD.	Feminization of the eyebrow using onabotulinumtoxinA in a patient in his late 20s (Figure 6).	f0006	PMC8128506_04	PMC8128506	file_0117735	PMC8128506_04	CC BY-NC
PMC6317835_01_CG-CGCR180092F001.jpg	PMC6317835_CG-CGCR180092F001_undivided_1_1.webp	Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showing a foreign metal object in the hypopharynx above the upper esophageal sphincter.	Esophagogastroduodenoscopy did not reveal an upper GI tumor; however, a metal object was seen in the hypopharynx just above the upper esophageal sphincter (Figure 1).	F1	PMC6317835_01	PMC6317835	file_0087400	PMC6317835_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC6317835_01_CG-CGCR180092F002.jpg	PMC6317835_CG-CGCR180092F002_undivided_1_1.webp	Sagittal view of the neck with contrast-enhanced computed tomography showing direct communication between the anterior cervical internal fusion plate and the hypopharyngeal airway.	A sagittal CT view of the neck with contrast showed the offset of the anterior cervical internal fusion plate with direct communication to the hypopharyngeal airway and suggesting erosion through the posterior hypopharyngeal soft tissue (Figure 2).	F2	PMC6317835_01	PMC6317835	file_0087401	PMC6317835_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC9037883_02_IJNM-37-64-g002.jpg	PMC9037883_IJNM-37-64-g002_a_1_3.webp	Maximum intensity projection image (a) is showing multiple bilateral cervical lymph nodes (blue arrow), renal enlargement (green arrow), and retroperitoneal lymph nodes (orange arrow). Apart from them, masses are noted in the pelvis (red arrow). (b and c) Pelvis images are showing 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose avid enlarged uterus (red arrow). A large mass (white arrow) is noted posterior to it, in the right adnexal region	Her baseline FDG PET/CT revealed stage-IV disease [Figure 2].	F2	PMC9037883_02	PMC9037883	file_0131818	PMC9037883_02	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8437380_01_BCTT-13-519-g0001.jpg	PMC8437380_BCTT-13-519-g0001_A_1_5.webp	Pathological results of the breast. Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of biopsy samples (40x) magnification. (A) Immunohistochemical staining results of breast showed ER 10% (B) and PR 5% (C) and HER-2 2+ (D) and Ki-67 30% (E).	A needle biopsy of the mass in the left breast was performed on December 18, 2017 and pathological analysis revealed that it was an invasive carcinoma (non-special type III) (Figure 1) that was HER-2 2+, ER 10%, PR 5%, Ki-67 30%, and FISH test positive.	f0001	PMC8437380_01	PMC8437380	file_0124084	PMC8437380_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8437380_01_BCTT-13-519-g0002.jpg	PMC8437380_BCTT-13-519-g0002_A_1_6.webp	Computed tomography of the chest and breast before treatment. (A) First whole body assessment. Abnormal high-density shadows can be seen on magnetic resonance imaging of the head. (B) Computed tomography before modified radical mastectomy of left breast cancer. (C) Magnetic resonance imaging of the second intracranial mass before surgery. (D) First computed tomography image revealing the hepatic space-occupying lesions. (E) Computed tomography image of the hepatic mass before biopsy (F).	Therefore, further whole body assessment was performed, and computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest and head (Figure 2A) revealed a mass with abnormal density or shadows in both breasts, with bilateral multiple enlarged axillary lymph nodes and circular low-density plaques with a diameter of about 3 cm in the right frontal lobe. Moreover, because head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Figure 2B) showed that the right frontal lobe was abnormally enhanced and occupied, the possibility of metastasis was considered based on her medical history.Further, needle biopsy of the tumor on the right breast and pathological test results revealed the absence of cancerous tissue. CT scans of the chest (Figure 2C) suggested that the axillary lymph nodes and abnormal mass in the left breast had reduced in size. However, a repeat head MRI showed (Figure 2D) that the right frontal lobe was abnormally enhanced and that it was slightly larger than before. CD34 (vascular endothelium +), ckp (-), GFAP (small part +), and NSE (-), and when combined with morphology, these findings supported a diagnosis of diffuse astrocytoma (WHO grade II). CT imaging of the chest and abdomen performed (Figure 2E) at follow-up on November 23, 2020 revealed expected postoperative changes in the left breast with no obvious abnormal masses or shadows. A whole abdomen enhanced CT on March 11, 2021, revealed (Figure 2F) that the abnormal enhancement of the lobe was about 35x26 mm in size and larger than that seen previously.	f0002	PMC8437380_01	PMC8437380	file_0124089	PMC8437380_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8437380_01_BCTT-13-519-g0003.jpg	PMC8437380_BCTT-13-519-g0003_A_1_5.webp	Pathological results after breast cancer surgery. Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of biopsy samples (40x) magnification). (A) Immunohistochemical staining results after breast cancer surgery: ER 10% (B), PR 20% (C), HER-2 2+-3+ (D), Ki-67 40% (E).		f0003	PMC8437380_01	PMC8437380	file_0124095	PMC8437380_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8437380_01_BCTT-13-519-g0005.jpg	PMC8437380_BCTT-13-519-g0005_A_1_3.webp	Pathological results of the intracranial space-occupying lesion after the second operation. Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of biopsy samples (40x) magnification). (A) Immunohistochemical staining results of the intracranial space-occupying lesion after the second operation showed GFAP (small part +) (B), ki-67 (5%, partial 5-10%) (C).	Postoperative examination of the tissue (Figure 5) showed that the tumor cells were extremely diverse, ie, they were oval, fusiform, or star-shaped, and both sparse or dense with some having less cytoplasm and others having more.	f0005	PMC8437380_01	PMC8437380	file_0124100	PMC8437380_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8437380_01_BCTT-13-519-g0006.jpg	PMC8437380_BCTT-13-519-g0006_A_1_4.webp	Pathological results of the puncture of the space-occupying liver lesions. Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining of biopsy samples (40x) magnification. (A) Immunohistochemical staining results of the puncture of the space-occupying liver lesions: vimentin + (B), HMB45 + (C), ki-67 15% (D).	A liver biopsy was performed and pathology reported (Figure 6) that the tissue was relatively fragmented with little liver tissue seen in some areas.	f0006	PMC8437380_01	PMC8437380	file_0124103	PMC8437380_01	CC BY-NC

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MultiCaRe: Open-Source Clinical Case Dataset

MultiCaRe is an open-source, multimodal clinical case dataset built from the PubMed Central Open Access (OA) Case Report articles. It aggregates de-identified, open-access case narratives, figure images, captions, and rich article metadata across diverse specialties. Figures are mapped to their case text with explicit references and to article-level metadata, enabling grounded multimodal use.

Source and process: OA case reports were collected from PMC; article metadata and abstracts were parsed; figures were downloaded and split into subimages when needed; captions were aligned; and image labels were curated from a hierarchical medical taxonomy (>140 classes).
Scale: 85k+ OA case reports, 160k+ images/subimages (v2.0).
Tasks enabled: image-text retrieval, caption grounding, VQA/doc-QA, image classification, multimodal modeling.
Citation: DATA journal paper — https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/10/8/123; Zenodo — https://zenodo.org/records/13936721.

This repository: one representative image per figure One row per figure (image_id) with a representative processed image and textual context that mentions the figure in the case narrative.

Highlights

Representative image chosen per figure (preference: undivided > 'a' > first available).
Includes text_references snippets to ground the figure in the case text.
Join to image-, case-, and article-level datasets using stable keys.

Schema

image: datasets.Image (PIL-compatible)
image_id: original figure identifier (groups subimages)
file: processed image filename used as the representative
caption: figure caption (original)
text_references: newline-joined excerpts that mention this figure
tag: PubMed file tag
case_id: equals cases.case_id
article_id: PMCID
file_id, patient_id, license: cross-links and license string

Quick start

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("openmed-community/multicare-case-images", split="train")

row = ds[0]
row["image"].show()
print(row["caption"])          # caption of the figure
print(row["text_references"])  # where it appears in the case text

Joins

image_id ↔ images.main_image
case_id ↔ cases.case_id
article_id ↔ articles.article_id

Notes

Prefer patient/article-level splits downstream.
Per-item OA licenses are preserved.

Downloads last month: 14

Size of downloaded dataset files:

2.44 GB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

2.44 GB

Number of rows:

96,730

Collection including openmed-community/multicare-case-images

MultiCaRe

Collection

MultiCaRe: Open-Source Clinical Case Dataset • 4 items • Updated 1 day ago • 8