openmed-community/multicare-case-images

image_id stringlengths 21 64	file stringlengths 25 76	caption stringlengths 0 3.23k	text_references stringlengths 0 2.44k	tag stringlengths 2 39	case_id stringlengths 11 14	article_id stringlengths 8 11	file_id stringlengths 12 12	patient_id stringlengths 11 14	license stringclasses 9 values
PMC6472062_01_13006_2019_210_Fig5_HTML.jpg	PMC6472062_13006_2019_210_Fig5_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp	Ultrasound: Right breast	However, the tightly packed ducts seen parallel to the ultrasound beam are suggestive of major ducts to the possible location of the nipple as shown in Fig. 5 (Ultrasound: Right breast) and Fig. 6 (Ultrasound: Left breast).	Fig5	PMC6472062_01	PMC6472062	file_0091990	PMC6472062_01	CC BY
PMC6472062_01_13006_2019_210_Fig6_HTML.jpg	PMC6472062_13006_2019_210_Fig6_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp	Ultrasound: Left breast		Fig6	PMC6472062_01	PMC6472062	file_0091991	PMC6472062_01	CC BY
PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g001.jpg	PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Nodular lesions on the right leg	On clinical examination, multiple erythematous nodules and plaques of varying sizes ranging from 3 mm to 3 cm in diameter were seen on bilateral ear pinna and bony prominences of the extremities, i.e., elbows, knees, malleoli, and dorsal aspect of bilateral feet [Figure 1].	F1	PMC5015501_01	PMC5015501	file_0058568	PMC5015501_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g002.jpg	PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Acid-fast Bacilli in large numbers, grouped together in cigar-bundle appearance. Stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, x100	AFB in large numbers [Figure 2]. A bacterial index of 4+ (10 AFB per oil immersion field) was recorded.	F2	PMC5015501_01	PMC5015501	file_0058569	PMC5015501_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g003.jpg	PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g003_E_1_1.webp	Dermis showing diffuse polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate with foamy histiocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes; stained with H and E, x100	Histopathological examination of skin biopsy showed an unremarkable epidermis with underlying dermis showing a diffuse polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate coexisting with foamy histiocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes, extending from dermis to subcutis [Figure 3].	F3	PMC5015501_01	PMC5015501	file_0058570	PMC5015501_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g004.jpg	PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Fite-Faraco stain demonstrating acid-fast Bacilli, x100	AFB were highlighted by Fite-Faraco stain [Figure 4].	F4	PMC5015501_01	PMC5015501	file_0058571	PMC5015501_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4444167_01_poljradiol-80-277-g001.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Snare placed over the cranial edge of the Viatorr dislodged to the right atrium.	The loop of the snare was placed over the cranial edge of the Viatorr (Figure 1).	f1-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_01	PMC4444167	file_0042513	PMC4444167_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC4444167_01_poljradiol-80-277-g002.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Removed Viatorrs.	However, during that withdrawal, the second (coaxially placed in the first one) Viatorr followed into IVC and the removal procedure was repeated as described above (Figure 2).	f2-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_01	PMC4444167	file_0042514	PMC4444167_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g003.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Viatorr connecting the bile duct with IVC.	During transjugular, transhepatic attempt to puncture PV, a bile duct was accidentally entered (Figure 3).	f3-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_02	PMC4444167	file_0042515	PMC4444167_02	NO-CC CODE
PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g004.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	CO2 portography through the catheter placed through a paraumbilical vein.	Cobra catheter was advanced to the right portal vein branch. CO2 portography through that catheter showed a hepatofugal flow in the portal vein but no connection with the bile duct (Figure 4).	f4-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_02	PMC4444167	file_0042516	PMC4444167_02	NO-CC CODE
PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g005.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g005_undivided_1_1.webp	Viatorr pulled back to the right atrium, partly in the sheath.	However, the entire Viatorr could be pulled back from the transhepatic tract to the right atrium (Figure 5).	f5-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_02	PMC4444167	file_0042517	PMC4444167_02	NO-CC CODE
PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g006.jpg	PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g006_undivided_1_1.webp	Removed Viatorr.	The sheath with the endoprosthesis was removed (Figure 6) and hemostasis was obtained with manual compression.	f6-poljradiol-80-277	PMC4444167_02	PMC4444167	file_0042518	PMC4444167_02	NO-CC CODE
PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0001.jpg	PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp	A panoramic radiograph taken at the time of the patient's initial consultation revealed maxillary and mandibular partial edentulism. On the patient's right side (left side of radiograph), there is an enlarged ankylotic mass fusing the mandible to the right base of the skull (circled in red), with impingement of the right maxillary tuberosity on the anterior aspect of the right mandible (yellow arrow). On the left mandible (right side of radiograph), there is a TMJ prosthetic implant with the mandibular condylar portion dislocated from the glenoid fossa component (blue arrow). Both mandibular coronoid processes are missing, having been surgically removed. The patient's teeth are slightly apart - she can neither fully open nor close her mouth due to the bony fusion.	Figure 1 shows a panoramic radiograph taken at initial consultation.	f0001	PMC8486010_01	PMC8486010	file_0124824	PMC8486010_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0002.jpg	PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp	A post-operative panoramic after the patient underwent a series of three separate surgeries to correct her right mandibular bony ankylosis and previously placed failed left TMJ prosthesis. This radiograph depicts bilateral custom-made total TMJ prosthetic implants (TMJ Implants, Ventura, CA). The gaps between the prosthetic condyle and glenoid fossa plate (red arrows) represent the plastic insert on which the metallic condyle articulates. The embolization coil of the right maxillary artery is seen underlying the reconstructed TMJ (blue arrow). Temporary intermaxillary fixation wires are secured with screws (yellow arrows).	Figure 2 shows a panoramic radiograph following her series of surgeries.	f0002	PMC8486010_01	PMC8486010	file_0124825	PMC8486010_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0003.jpg	PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0003_undivided_1_1.webp	Timeline of events surrounding the manufacturing, clinical use, and ultimate recall of the VI PTIPI. Boxes above the timeline in from VI (red), scientific literature (green), and AAOMS actions (blue). Items below the timeline show FDA regulatory practices (yellow).	FDA has been critically evaluated by several authors, and chronologies of these events are available from the FDA among other sources. Figure 3 provides a timeline of the initial manufacturing and clinical application of the VI PTIPI and the role of the FDA in regulating its use, as well as scientific literature published on PTIPIs throughout the years.	f0003	PMC8486010_01	PMC8486010	file_0124826	PMC8486010_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0004.jpg	PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0004_undivided_1_1.webp	The rationale defending the patient's allegations against Vitek, Inc. Proplast-Teflon interpositional implant (PTIPI) (red) and in defense of oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) (blue).	Figure 4 shows the premise for each side of the debate.	f0004	PMC8486010_01	PMC8486010	file_0124827	PMC8486010_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0005.jpg	PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0005_undivided_1_1.webp	"Swiss cheese" model of failure, proposed and adapted by permission from BMJ Publishing Group Limited. Reason J. Human error: models and management. BMJ. 320, 768, copyright 2020. In the case of the VI PTIPI, the risk associated with PTIPI managed to pass through "holes" despite layers of defense from the manufacturers, professional societies, hospitals, and the Food and Drug Association.	In any event, hazards exist, and the layers of defense can be breached by latent conditions or active failures, as noted in the "Swiss Cheese model" of failure (Figure 5).	f0005	PMC8486010_01	PMC8486010	file_0124828	PMC8486010_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4488956_01_40364_2015_40_Fig1_HTML.jpg	PMC4488956_40364_2015_40_Fig1_HTML_a_1_2.webp	Imaging of patient with germline BAP1 mutation. a. Retinal examination revealed a melanocytic tumor with irregular margins involving the majority of the retina. b. CT of the abdomen prior to surgery identified a 32 mm lobulated lesion in segment 4B of the liver as indicated by the arrow	A 72-year-old, previously well, woman was found to have left ocular uveal melanoma on ophthalmology review (Fig. 1). An abdominal CT scan demonstrated a lesion within segments 4 and 7 of her liver (Fig. 1).	Fig1	PMC4488956_01	PMC4488956	file_0043225	PMC4488956_01	CC BY
PMC4488956_01_40364_2015_40_Fig2_HTML.jpg	PMC4488956_40364_2015_40_Fig2_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp	Pedigree of the patient's family with a BAP1 germline mutation. Black Squares indicate a diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Arrow indicates the presence of BAP1 mutation as determined by sequencing studies. Two of the patient's children passed away with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL)	The patient's father and brother had both died of malignant mesothelioma (Fig. 2) having had occupational exposure to asbestos. The patient had four children, and two of these had passed away with renal cell carcinoma and acute lymphocytic leukaemia at ages 41 and 17 respectively (Fig. 2).	Fig2	PMC4488956_01	PMC4488956	file_0043227	PMC4488956_01	CC BY
PMC6497487_01_CCIDE-11-73-g0002.jpg	PMC6497487_CCIDE-11-73-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp	Immediate implant placement.	The placement and torquing of a Zimmer implant were ensured at 40 N cm (Figure 2).	F0002	PMC6497487_01	PMC6497487	file_0092580	PMC6497487_01	CC BY-NC
PMC6497487_01_CCIDE-11-73-g0003.jpg	PMC6497487_CCIDE-11-73-g0003_undivided_1_1.webp	Implant temporary abutments placed on the casts.	Two implant temporary abutments from Zimmer (Zimmer Dental, Carlsbad, Calif) were placed on the cast and prepared using the clear vacuum-formed shell template (Figure 3).	F0003	PMC6497487_01	PMC6497487	file_0092581	PMC6497487_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4257017_01_dddt-8-2373Fig1.jpg	PMC4257017_dddt-8-2373Fig1_undivided_1_1.webp	Intraoperative photo of the right eye.. Notes: Photo demonstrates an anterior chamber maintainer inferonasally (green arrow) and the leaking site of scleral melt inferotemporally (yellow arrow).	Intraoperatively, an anterior chamber maintainer was used and surgical exploration confirmed significant scleral melt at the site of implantation with leaking aqueous humor (Figure 1).	f1-dddt-8-2373	PMC4257017_01	PMC4257017	file_0037476	PMC4257017_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4257017_01_dddt-8-2373Fig2.jpg	PMC4257017_dddt-8-2373Fig2_undivided_1_1.webp	Anterior segment image of the right eye 3 weeks postoperatively.. Note: Image demonstrates good position of the scleral patch graft inferotemporally.	Three weeks later, the IOP was 18 mmHg, the visual acuity recovered to 20/30, and the patch graft was in good position (Figure 2).	f2-dddt-8-2373	PMC4257017_01	PMC4257017	file_0037477	PMC4257017_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_01_icrp_a_1200978_f0001_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0001_c_A_1_3.webp	Preoperative photograph of Case 1 showing right lower gingival cancer (A, B), intraoperative view of a right through-and-through buccal defect after the tumor ablation, and reinforcement of the mandible using a reconstruction plate (C).	A reconstruction plate was used to reinforce the strength of the mandible (Figure 1).	F0001	PMC4996063_01	PMC4996063	file_0058046	PMC4996063_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0003_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0003_c_undivided_1_1.webp	Clinical photograph of Case 2 showing flaccid paralysis with muscle atrophy in both the lower extremities.	A 51-year-old man with atrophy of the muscles in both the lower extremities (Figure 3) presented with a cT4aN0M0 left buccal squamous cell carcinoma (35 x 23 x 20 mm) with skin invasion.	F0003	PMC4996063_02	PMC4996063	file_0058049	PMC4996063_02	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0004_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0004_c_undivided_1_1.webp	Intraoperative view of the flap harvesting for Case 2. Medial retraction of the rectus femoris muscle revealed atrophy and pale, yellowish, fat-like color of the vastus lateralis muscle that was affected by poliomyelitis. The diameter of the perforators (black arrow) appeared normal.	The skin island measured 20 x 10 cm and included two cutaneous perforators (Figure 4). The quadriceps muscle had a pale, yellowish, fat-like color (Figure 4), and the intermuscular septum was not clear.	F0004	PMC4996063_02	PMC4996063	file_0058050	PMC4996063_02	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0005_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0005_c_undivided_1_1.webp	Immediate post-operative view of Case 2 following reconstruction with an ALT-free flap.	The flap became pink in color, and the capillary refill returned to a normal level (Figure 5).	F0005	PMC4996063_02	PMC4996063	file_0058051	PMC4996063_02	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0006_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0006_c_A_1_3.webp	At a follow-up of one month in Case 2, the patient was satisfied with the reconstructed cheek (A) without donor site complications (B), and he could walk well with calipers and crutches (C).	The muscle power in the right lower limb remained at Grade 0 and he could walk well with calipers and crutches (Figure 6).	F0006	PMC4996063_02	PMC4996063	file_0058052	PMC4996063_02	CC BY-NC
PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0007_c.jpg	PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0007_c_A_1_2.webp	Histopathological examination of a vastus lateralis muscle specimen from Case 2's paralytic lower limb revealed denervation muscle fiber atrophy with striation loss and collagen fiber accumulation (H&E 200x) (A). Histological sections of paralytic thigh skin showed the presence of chronic perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. (H&E 100x) (B). H&E: haematoxylin and eosin.	As expected, the evaluation of the vastus lateralis muscle revealed degeneration and fibrosis (Figure 7).	F0007	PMC4996063_02	PMC4996063	file_0058055	PMC4996063_02	CC BY-NC
PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g001.jpg	PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g001_A_1_2.webp	Retinal fundus photographs before surgery showing mild venous dilation in the right eye (A) and the left eye (B).	Fundus examination revealed mildly distended veins in both eyes ( Figure 1 ).	f1	PMC8795594_01	PMC8795594	file_0130733	PMC8795594_01	CC BY
PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g002.jpg	PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g002_A_1_6.webp	Baseline fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Left eye angiogram reveals (A) patchy choroidal filling and a prolonged arm-to-retina circulation time of 38 s. (B) Leading edge of fluorescein dye in the arteries. (C) Multiple microaneurysms in the midperipheral retina. (D) Diffuse dye leakage in the late phase with mildly dilated retinal veins. Right eye angiogram shows similar changes with (E) delayed arterial filling and (F) late-phase dye leakage.	There was no evidence of capillary non-perfusion, arteriovenous shunts, or retinal neovascularization ( Figure 2 ).	f2	PMC8795594_01	PMC8795594	file_0130735	PMC8795594_01	CC BY
PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g003.jpg	PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g003_A_1_12.webp	Pre- and postoperative 3.0 * 3.0 mm optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images. Superficial capillary plexus (SCP) in the right eye (A-C) and left eye (G-I) preoperatively and at two follow-up visits (1 and 6 months) illustrate a gradual increase of macular vessel density. Deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the right eye (D-F) and left eye (J-L) reveals similar vascular restoration, along with reconstruction of the perifoveal anastomotic capillary arcade. mo, month(s).	OCT (SD-OCT) did not detect any significant macular changes. OCTA showed extreme rarefaction of perifoveal vascular density at the level of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) ( Figures 3A, G ) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) ( Figures 3D, J ) in both eyes. SCP ( Figures 3B, H ) and DCP layer ( Figures 3E, K ). She remained on tapered prednisone (35 mg/day), CTX (50 mg/day), vasodilator (40 mug twice daily), and aspirin. Notably, OCTA revealed further normalization of vascular density, along with restoration of perifoveal anastomotic capillary arcade ( Figures 3C, F, I, L ).	f3	PMC8795594_01	PMC8795594	file_0130741	PMC8795594_01	CC BY
PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g004.jpg	PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	3D-reconstructed CT angiography (CTA) before balloon angioplasty shows complete occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (red arrows) and severe stenosis of bilateral proximal subclavian arteries (yellow arrowheads). Associated thrombi completely occluding bilateral common carotid arteries were also noted.	A subsequent CT angiogram (CTA) disclosed circumferential thickening of thoracic aorta, complete occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries, and critical stenosis of bilateral proximal subclavian arteries ( Figure 4 ).	f4	PMC8795594_01	PMC8795594	file_0130753	PMC8795594_01	CC BY
PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g005.jpg	PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g005_A_1_4.webp	Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) 6 months after balloon angioplasty. Left eye angiogram reveals (A, B) restoration of retinal blood flow (decreased arm-to-retina circulation time to 16 s) and (C) decrease of microaneurysms with less evident leakage in the late phase. (D) Right eye angiogram in the late phase shows similar improvement.	Right eye angiogram showed similar improvement ( Figure 5 ).	f5	PMC8795594_01	PMC8795594	file_0130754	PMC8795594_01	CC BY
PMC6122280_01_SNI-9-174-g002.jpg	PMC6122280_SNI-9-174-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Intraoperatively, a mulberry-shaped and purplish in color mass was recognized. The tumor was tightly adhered to a nerve root of the cauda equina	Macroscopically, the tumor was mulberry-shaped, purplish in color, and well demarcated, but tightly adhered to a nerve root of the cauda equina [Figure 2].	F2	PMC6122280_01	PMC6122280	file_0084217	PMC6122280_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4533487_01_nmc-54-673-g1.jpg	PMC4533487_nmc-54-673-g1_undivided_1_1.webp	Computed tomography at the first consultation showing right frontal lobe intracerebral hemorrhage.	Computed tomography (CT) showed right frontal lobe intracerebral hemorrhage (Fig. 1). Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed an unremarkable enhanced intraaxial mass with slight perifocal edema appearing to be acute hematoma, but the possibility of hemorrhagic metastasis could not be rejected (Fig. 2).	F1	PMC4533487_01	PMC4533487	file_0044999	PMC4533487_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4821441_01_jcm-7-2016-009f1.jpg	PMC4821441_jcm-7-2016-009f1_undivided_1_1.webp	MRI of the pituitary shows no pituitary gland tumor. Red arrow indicates pituitary gland.	Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland revealed no tumor (Fig. 1).	f1-jcm-7-2016-009	PMC4821441_01	PMC4821441	file_0052355	PMC4821441_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC4821441_01_jcm-7-2016-009f2.jpg	PMC4821441_jcm-7-2016-009f2_left_1_2.webp	Genomic DNA sequence of exon 7 of the albumin gene in the patient (left) and a normal subject (right). The left panel shows substitution of cytosine for guanine in the second nucleotide of codon 218 for the albumin gene of the patient, resulting in the replacement of arginine (Arg) by proline (Pro).	Direct genomic sequencing of exon 7 of the albumin gene revealed a substitution of cytosine (C) for guanine (G) in the second nucleotide of codon 218 in one of the two alleles, leading to the replacement of arginine by proline (Fig. 2).	f2-jcm-7-2016-009	PMC4821441_01	PMC4821441	file_0052356	PMC4821441_01	NO-CC CODE
PMC5360453_01_mv-v23-131-f2.jpg	PMC5360453_mv-v23-131-f2_undivided_1_1.webp	Novel disease-causing variants in TTLL5 in cone dystrophy: Pedigree of the index patient with disease-causing variants in TTLL5 and cosegregation analysis. The index patient, the proband, is the individual II-3, marked with an arrow. Square symbol=male, round symbol=female, filled symbol=affected, unfilled symbol=unaffected, double line=consanguinity. Underneath the symbols, the sequence electropherograms of the disease-causing variant in TTLL5 is found homozygously in the proband and heterozygously in the parents. The underlined letters correspond to the modifications of the sequence induced by this disease-causing variant.	The index patient was a 9-year-old boy (Figure 2, II-3), corrected for myopia since 3 years of age, who always had difficulty watching television and reading. This c.182-3_182-1delinsAA mutation in TTLL5 was validated in the index patient and the unaffected parents with direct Sanger sequencing (Figure 2).	f2	PMC5360453_01	PMC5360453	file_0065632	PMC5360453_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-001.jpg	PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-001_undivided_1_1.webp	A nail has lodged in the right eye	The anterior segment of the right eye showed a hyperemic conjunctiva with a nail lodged at the temporal limbus (Figure 1 (Fig. 1)).	F1	PMC5366803_01	PMC5366803	file_0065876	PMC5366803_01	CC BY
PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-002.jpg	PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-002_undivided_1_1.webp	Ultrasonography showed an IOFB in the right eye		F2	PMC5366803_01	PMC5366803	file_0065877	PMC5366803_01	CC BY
PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-003.jpg	PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-003_undivided_1_1.webp	Anterior segment of the right eye after IOFB removal	Anterior segment examination showed a closed wound and two in-place sutures at the temporal limbus (Figure 3 (Fig. 3)).	F3	PMC5366803_01	PMC5366803	file_0065878	PMC5366803_01	CC BY
PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-005.jpg	PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-005_undivided_1_1.webp	OCT of the right eye	OCT examination of the left eye was within normal limits (Figure 5 (Fig. 5)).	F5	PMC5366803_01	PMC5366803	file_0065879	PMC5366803_01	CC BY
PMC8013978_01_fonc-11-601709-g001.jpg	PMC8013978_fonc-11-601709-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Chest computed tomography (CT) showed patchy peripheral bibasilar ground glass opacities in both lungs.	Chest computed tomography (CT) showed patchy peripheral bibasilar ground glass opacities in both lungs, findings compatible with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (Figure 1).	f1	PMC8013978_01	PMC8013978	file_0115202	PMC8013978_01	CC BY
PMC8013978_01_fonc-11-601709-g002.jpg	PMC8013978_fonc-11-601709-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Chest X-ray revealed widespread bilateral alveolo-interstitial infiltrates.	Her chest X-ray revealed widespread bilateral alveolo-interstitial infiltrates (Figure 2).	f2	PMC8013978_01	PMC8013978	file_0115203	PMC8013978_01	CC BY
PMC4879337_01_rmdopen2015000236f03.jpg	PMC4879337_rmdopen2015000236f03_A_1_2.webp	IFN and neutrophil gene expression studies. The RQ value for each transcript is equal to the normalised fold change relative to a control. (A) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR of a panel of six IFN-1-stimulated genes in CECR1 mutation-positive sisters on two occasions. IFN score was 4.82 before treatment and 1.86 after treatment in patient 1 and 11.79 and 9.47 before treatment in patient 2. IFN-stimulated genes are variably overexpressed in the two patients. (B) The expression of a panel of neutrophil-stimulated genes was measured in patients 1 and 2 on two occasions. Neutrophil-stimulated gene expression was essentially similar to that in controls. IFN-1, interferon 1; NA, not applicable; RQ value, relative quantification value.	The expression of a panel of IFN-stimulated genes was significantly elevated in both patients (figure 3A), though for the older sister the second sampling showed no elevation of IFN-stimulated genes. Neutrophil-stimulated genes were not overexpressed (figure 3B).	RMDOPEN2015000236F3	PMC4879337_01	PMC4879337	file_0053854	PMC4879337_01	CC BY-NC
PMC6120592_01_gr1.jpg	PMC6120592_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Histology showing squamous mucosa with acantholysis, margination of nuclear chromatin, multinucleation, and viral nuclear inclusions.	Biopsies taken during the procedure revealed ulcerative herpes laryngitis with pathology showing large multinucleated cells with atypia under the ulcerated epithelium (Fig. 1), and strong positive HSV immunostaining (Fig. 2).	fig0005	PMC6120592_01	PMC6120592	file_0084184	PMC6120592_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g001.jpg	PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Picture showing the baby of Holt-Oram syndrome	Physical examination revealed an active baby weighing 2790 g and length of 49 cm, heart rate of 146/min, blood pressure of 70/30 mm of Hg, respiratory rate of 40/min, and systemic oxygen saturation of right upper limb being 83% in room air and that of right lower limb being 74% in room air [Figure 1].	F1	PMC4879802_01	PMC4879802	file_0053862	PMC4879802_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g002.jpg	PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Left upper limb showing radial ray deformity with absent thumb	On musculoskeletal examination, left upper limb shortening was noticed with absent radius bone, radial flexion deformity of the wrist and also absent thumb [Figure 2].	F2	PMC4879802_01	PMC4879802	file_0053863	PMC4879802_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g003.jpg	PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Right hand showing triphalangeal thumb	Triphalangeal thumb was seen in the right upper limb [Figure 3].	F3	PMC4879802_01	PMC4879802	file_0053864	PMC4879802_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g004.jpg	PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Plain radiograph showing the bony deformities of the upper limb with cardiomegaly	On further investigation, chest X-ray showed normal thoracic situs with cardiomegaly, plain radiograph of both upper limbs revealed absent radius on left side with absent carpal bones and absent first metacarpal bone and phalanges (thumb), right side showing absent carpal bones and triphalangeal thumb [Figure 4].	F4	PMC4879802_01	PMC4879802	file_0053865	PMC4879802_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g005.jpg	PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g005_undivided_1_1.webp	Echocardiography showing aortic atresia	The baby developed cyanosis couple of hours after delivery, following which an ECG was done which was normal and a 2D echocardiography was done which revealed severe aortic atresia with hypoplastic arch, large perimembranous VSD and ASD as well [Figure 5].	F5	PMC4879802_01	PMC4879802	file_0053866	PMC4879802_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0000.jpg	PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0000_undivided_1_1.webp	EKG showing deep T wave inversions in leads V1-V6 and the inferior limb leads.	EKG showed deep T wave inversions in leads V1-V6 and the inferior limb leads ( Figure 1).	f1	PMC6178910_01	PMC6178910	file_0085103	PMC6178910_01	CC BY
PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0001.jpg	PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp	Repeat EKG now showing a Q 3T 3 pattern in lead III.	III ( Figure 2). In view of these new findings (low oxygen saturation and a change in the EKG pattern), a computerized tomography of the chest with angiogram (chest CTA) was ordered.	f2	PMC6178910_01	PMC6178910	file_0085104	PMC6178910_01	CC BY
PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0002.jpg	PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp	Axial CTA of the chest showing a saddle embolus with extension into the branches of the pulmonary artery.. CTA was performed using Siemens SOMATOM Perspective 128 slices. Images were obtained in a cranio-caudal direction following contrast injection at 3mls/s. Contrast optimization was based on bolus tracking at the level of the main pulmonary artery using a trigger level of 100 HU.	This revealed a saddle pulmonary embolus which extended into the right and left pulmonary arteries and involved all lobar branches of the pulmonary arteries ( Figure 3).	f3	PMC6178910_01	PMC6178910	file_0085105	PMC6178910_01	CC BY
PMC5723361_01_gr1.jpg	PMC5723361_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Preoperative radiograph showing the Uncemented Hemiarthoplasty with no obvious lysis or loosening of hip prosthesis.	Hip radiographs demonstrated uncemented unipolar left hip arthroplasty with no evidence of any radiolucency or prosthetic loosening (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC5723361_01	PMC5723361	file_0074627	PMC5723361_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC6010925_01_gr1.jpg	PMC6010925_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	CT scan of pelvis shows thickening of the rectum.	The CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis with contrast revealed thickening of the rectum (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC6010925_01	PMC6010925	file_0082210	PMC6010925_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC9082205_01_cop-0013-0179-g01.jpg	PMC9082205_cop-0013-0179-g01_undivided_1_1.webp	Dilated fundus exam with disc edema, flame, and dot-blot hemorrhages radiating from the optic disc extending into the midperiphery, and tortuous, engorged retinal veins.	Dilated fundus exam of the right eye revealed disc edema, flame hemorrhages radiating from the optic disc extending into the midperiphery, diffuse dot-blot hemorrhages, and tortuous, engorged retinal veins (Fig.1).	F1	PMC9082205_01	PMC9082205	file_0132751	PMC9082205_01	CC BY-NC
PMC9082205_01_cop-0013-0179-g02.jpg	PMC9082205_cop-0013-0179-g02_a_1_4.webp	Fluorescein angiography - (a-b) demonstrating delayed arterial filling at (44:14) and (52:07), respectively; (c-d) with dilated tortuous veins with blockage secondary to retinal hemorrhage pictured at (57:55) and (59:69), respectively.	Fluorescein angiography identified delayed arterial filling and late optic disc staining (Fig.2).	F2	PMC9082205_01	PMC9082205	file_0132752	PMC9082205_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4821151_01_cro-0009-0182-g01.jpg	PMC4821151_cro-0009-0182-g01_a_1_2.webp	CT of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast showing a mass-like density (arrows) in the gastric antrum or proximal duodenum measuring approximately 4 cm (anterior to posterior) (a) and multiple areas of decreased attenuation (arrows) in the liver which represent metastasis (b).	A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis showed a markedly dilated, debris-filled stomach with no contrast beyond the gastric antrum, and a mass-like density in the gastric antrum or proximal duodenum measuring approximately 4 cm in diameter (fig. 1a). Multiple hypodense hepatic lesions (the largest being 6 cm in the right hepatic lobe) were also seen, which was consistent with metastatic disease (fig. 1b).	F1	PMC4821151_01	PMC4821151	file_0052281	PMC4821151_01	CC BY-NC
PMC6796728_01_gr1.jpg	PMC6796728_gr1_A_1_3.webp	A: Bowel perforation at the cecum. B: Bowel perforation at the terminal ileum. C: Laparotomy wound at the postoperative period.	At surgery, the peritoneal cavity was filled with 500 ml of pus and 2 bowel perforations were identified: a 1 x 1 cm perforation in the terminal ileum, 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, and a 3 x 2 cm perforation in the cecum (Fig. 1A-C).	fig0005	PMC6796728_01	PMC6796728	file_0097596	PMC6796728_01	CC BY
PMC5994735_01_gr1.jpg	PMC5994735_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Pre-operative photo.	We present the case of a 55-year-old woman underwent bariatric surgery in 2014, after which she lost 55 kg of weight (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC5994735_01	PMC5994735	file_0081665	PMC5994735_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5994735_01_gr2.jpg	PMC5994735_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp	Intra-operative photo. We can distinguee two different surgical plane: superficial prefascial (above the Scarpa Fascia) in the infraumbilical region and preaneurotic region in the epigastric portion.	The skin incision is made according to the preoperative design (Fig. 2), then the abdominal flap is sculpted with ultrasound scalpels.	fig0010	PMC5994735_01	PMC5994735	file_0081666	PMC5994735_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5994735_01_gr3.jpg	PMC5994735_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	Plication of the rectus of the abdomen. The adipose-fascial tissue exeresis is noted along the midline of the rectus abdominis.	Once the tunnel has been completed, the muscle fascia of the rectum is plicated with its approach in the upper abdominal portions, then a medial portion of the adipofascial tissue is removed and the premuscular plane is exposed (Fig. 3).	fig0015	PMC5994735_01	PMC5994735	file_0081667	PMC5994735_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10326381_01_fimmu-14-1212007-g001.jpg	PMC10326381_fimmu-14-1212007-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Reticulocyte count and hemoglobin around hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and after treatment with daratumumab for pure red cell aplasia. Between February 2022 and April 2022, the patient received several red blood cell transfusions. The red and blue areas between the dotted lines represent the normal values of reticulocyte count and hemoglobin, respectively. HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.	After 4 doses of daratumumab, prompt increases of hemoglobin and reticulocyte counts ( Figure 1 ) and the disappearance of anti-B isohemagglutinins were observed.	f1	PMC10326381_01	PMC10326381	file_0007894	PMC10326381_01	CC BY
PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g001.jpg	PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g001_A_1_1.webp	A 2D echo in parasternal long axis showing cystic mass in the pericardial cavity with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.	Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial mass measuring 10.6 x 4.8 cms (Figure 1 & 2), honeycombed in appearance, compressing the right atrium and right ventricle, and was associated with moderate pericardial effusion.	F1	PMC4724686_01	PMC4724686	file_0048959	PMC4724686_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g002.jpg	PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	A chamber view showing the cystic mass in pericardial cavity with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.	Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial mass measuring 10.6 x 4.8 cms (Figure 1 & 2), honeycombed in appearance, compressing the right atrium and right ventricle, and was associated with moderate pericardial effusion.	F2	PMC4724686_01	PMC4724686	file_0048960	PMC4724686_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g003.jpg	PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Cardiac MRI shows multi cystic lesions in right atrioventricular groove with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.	She was then extensively worked up with all forms of imaging including contrast enhanced CT (CECT) chest and cardiac MRI (Figure 3).	F3	PMC4724686_01	PMC4724686	file_0048961	PMC4724686_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g004.jpg	PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Cystic lymphatic space with surrounding adipose tissue and lymphoid follicles.(Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x100)	Histopathology report of excised RV mass came as cystic lymphangioma (Figure 4 & 5).	F4	PMC4724686_01	PMC4724686	file_0048962	PMC4724686_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g005.jpg	PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g005_A_1_1.webp	A Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x100 tiny lymphatic spaces filled with lymphocytes. Myocardial tissue is seen on the left. (Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x400)	Histopathology report of excised RV mass came as cystic lymphangioma (Figure 4 & 5).	F5	PMC4724686_01	PMC4724686	file_0048963	PMC4724686_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g001.jpg	PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	axial non contrast cerebral CT scan showing an acute fronto-parietal left subdural hematoma responsible for a mass effect on the left cerebral hemisphere and subfalcorial engagement	Non contrast cerebral CT scan revealed a compressive left fronto-parietal subdural hematoma (Figure 1).	F1	PMC8464216_01	PMC8464216	file_0124470	PMC8464216_01	CC BY
PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g002.jpg	PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	cerebral magnetic resonance angiography showing no arteriovenous malformations	In addition, cerebral magnetic resonance angiography did not show any underlying arteriovenous abnormalities (Figure 2).	F2	PMC8464216_01	PMC8464216	file_0124471	PMC8464216_01	CC BY
PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g003.jpg	PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	post-operative axial non contrast cerebral CT scan showing surgical stigmas and disappearance of acute subdural hematoma	We maintained daily infusions of fresh frozen plasma (600 mL/d) and tranexamic acid and the post-operative clinical course was satisfactory (Figure 3).	F3	PMC8464216_01	PMC8464216	file_0124472	PMC8464216_01	CC BY
PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g004.jpg	PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	antinuclear antibodies of homogeneous fluorescence (titre=1/1280)	Antinuclear antibody testing was positive at a rate of 1/1280 with specificity for anti-dsDNA, anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La (Figure 4).	F4	PMC8464216_01	PMC8464216	file_0124473	PMC8464216_01	CC BY
PMC3201100_02_ccrep-4-2011-039f1.jpg	PMC3201100_ccrep-4-2011-039f1_undivided_1_1.webp	CXR on presentation.	Chest X-Ray (CXR) on presentation (Fig. 1) revealed minimal opacity at the right lung base and blunting of the left costophrenic angle.	f1-ccrep-4-2011-039	PMC3201100_02	PMC3201100	file_0017557	PMC3201100_02	NO-CC CODE
PMC3201100_03_ccrep-4-2011-039f3.jpg	PMC3201100_ccrep-4-2011-039f3_undivided_1_1.webp	Right anterior abdominal intramuscular hemorrhage resulting in expanding hematoma.	Examination showed expanding hematoma (Fig. 3).	f3-ccrep-4-2011-039	PMC3201100_03	PMC3201100	file_0017558	PMC3201100_03	NO-CC CODE
PMC4898292_01_gr1.jpg	PMC4898292_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	23-year-old female with ruptured feeding-tube tip. Fluoroscopy scout view showing the weighted tip of the enteral feeding tube with eight metallic-density foreign objects outside the feeding-tube tip.	Fluoroscopy showed eight metallic-density foreign objects dispersed throughout the ascending and descending colon (Fig. 1).	fig1	PMC4898292_01	PMC4898292	file_0054878	PMC4898292_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC10276592_01_IDR-16-3761-g0001.jpg	PMC10276592_IDR-16-3761-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp	Antimicrobial therapies and the changing patterns of clinical variables in a patient with acute infective endocarditis. Antimicrobial dosing regimens: contezolid 800 mg q12h; daptomycin 420 mg once daily; cefoperazone/sulbactam 3.0 g q8h; vancomycin 1.0 g q12h; meropenem 2g q12h; tigecycline 100mg q12h; linezolid 600mg q12h.	The clinical symptoms were resolved and the temperature was normlalized 15 days after contezolid add-on therapy (Figure 1).	f0001	PMC10276592_01	PMC10276592	file_0006776	PMC10276592_01	CC BY-NC
PMC8794318_01_med-05-9-f2.jpg	PMC8794318_med-05-9-f2_undivided_1_1.webp	Tracheal and bronchial blood clot.	After en-bloc sampling of the airways, esophagus and heart, the section of the tracheal pars membranacea highlighted the presence of a blood clot that extended from the middle third of the tracheal lumen to the terminal bronchioles of both lungs (Figures 2,3).	f2	PMC8794318_01	PMC8794318	file_0130640	PMC8794318_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC8463768_01_gr1.jpg	PMC8463768_gr1_A_1_2.webp	MRI of the brain. (A) DWI revealing a 2.8-cm tubular shaped heterogeneously enhancing mass within the right parietal lobe with extensive perilesional edema. There is irregular and nodular rim enhancement with some areas of restricted diffusion. (B) Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map.	MRI of the brain revealed a heterogeneously-enhancing 2.8-cm mass with irregular, nodular rim enhancement and extensive perilesional edema (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC8463768_01	PMC8463768	file_0124460	PMC8463768_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC8463768_01_gr3.jpg	PMC8463768_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	Brain lesion biopsy. Low power images showing an abscess with adjacent brain parenchyma (star). The surrounding brain parenchyma shows reactive gliosis on higher power.	Gram-staining revealed gram-positive branching rods surrounded by many neutrophils (Fig. 3).	fig0015	PMC8463768_01	PMC8463768	file_0124462	PMC8463768_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC4166343_01_opth-8-1827Fig1.jpg	PMC4166343_opth-8-1827Fig1_A_1_2.webp	Slit-lamp photograph of the case.. Notes: (A) Preoperative slit-lamp photograph showing an opaque and edematous cornea due to endothelial dysfunction. (B) One year postoperatively, the corneal graft clarity was excellent, with a high endothelial cell density (4,032 cells/mm2, 6.0% decrease from preoperative donor cell measurements).	Slit-lamp examination revealed an opaque cornea due to advanced endothelial dysfunction (Figure 1A).	f1-opth-8-1827	PMC4166343_01	PMC4166343	file_0036034	PMC4166343_01	CC BY-NC
PMC4166343_01_opth-8-1827Fig2.jpg	PMC4166343_opth-8-1827Fig2_undivided_1_1.webp	Preoperative analysis of the infant donor endothelial cells.. Notes: The endothelial cell density of the donor tissue was as high as 4,291 cells/mm2, with no striae.	Since the elasticity and tenderness of the infant donor tissue were extremely high, there were no striae on the surface of the endothelial cell layer after the donor sclerocorneal tissue was harvested (Figure 2).	f2-opth-8-1827	PMC4166343_01	PMC4166343	file_0036036	PMC4166343_01	CC BY-NC
PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g001.jpg	PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Swelling in the floor of mouth obliterating the lingual vestibule	On retraction of the tongue, a solitary 5 cm x 4 cm swelling was noted in the floor of the mouth on the right side, crossing the midline till the lower left central incisor, completely obliterating the lingual vestibule and occupying the entire floor of the mouth on that side [Figure 1].	F1	PMC7433960_01	PMC7433960	file_0106859	PMC7433960_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g002.jpg	PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Mucosa over swelling adherent to lingual gingiva in the region of 44, 45	The mucosa overlying the swelling was adherent to the lingual gingiva in the region of the lower right premolars [Figure 2].	F2	PMC7433960_01	PMC7433960	file_0106860	PMC7433960_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g004.jpg	PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Contrast-enhanced computed tomography axial sections showing enhancing mass lesion in the right sublingual region	Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed an enhancing mass lesion in the right sublingual region [Figures 3 and 4].	F4	PMC7433960_01	PMC7433960	file_0106861	PMC7433960_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g005.jpg	PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g005_undivided_1_1.webp	Histopathology photomicrograph	An incisional biopsy was thus carried out, which revealed the presence of mucous acini suggestive of minor salivary gland showing periductal inflammation and a very small portion of tumor cells arranged in cribriform pattern and cystic spaces filled with eosinophilic coagulum [Figure 5].	F5	PMC7433960_01	PMC7433960	file_0106862	PMC7433960_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g006.jpg	PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g006_undivided_1_1.webp	Excised surgical specimen showing well-encapsulated tumor; superficial mucosa seen excised along with the tumor	Intraoperatively, the swelling was found to be submucosal and well-encapsulated [Figure 6].	F6	PMC7433960_01	PMC7433960	file_0106863	PMC7433960_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC5390662_01_gr2.jpg	PMC5390662_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp	The chest CT scan revealed a 10 x 11 cm mass located in the anterior mediastinum, to the left of the heart. The tumor had two components: a bigger part with an intense peripheral contrast uptake and necrotic center, and a smaller part with presence of multiple calcifications.	The lesion had an intimate contact with the adjacent pericardium with effacement of the fat planes (Fig. 2).	fig2	PMC5390662_01	PMC5390662	file_0066544	PMC5390662_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5390662_01_gr3.jpg	PMC5390662_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp	The PET-CT revealed that the tumor had a heterogeneous metabolic behavior, with a SUV max of 4.83 g/mL.	The remaining structures showed no increase in glucose metabolism (Fig. 3).	fig3	PMC5390662_01	PMC5390662	file_0066545	PMC5390662_01	CC BY-NC-ND
PMC5219585_01_ijotm-7-234-g001.jpg	PMC5219585_ijotm-7-234-g001_undivided_1_1.webp	Intense scaling and edema over the patient's face	He had high grade fever and erythematous maculopapular rash all over the body with intense scaling and edema over the face (Fig 1).	F1	PMC5219585_01	PMC5219585	file_0062022	PMC5219585_01	CC BY
PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g001.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g001_a_1_2.webp	Left precentral gyrus metastatic small cell lung cancer lesion on axial T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium contrast before (a) and 3 months after (b) pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy.	Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a growing peripherally enhancing 1.2 cm mass (0.8 cm 2 months prior) in the left precentral gyrus that had previously received linear-accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to 20 Gy 9 months prior (with 99% coverage of the target volume), a new left cerebellar 0.4 cm lesion, and a growing left posterior temporal/medial occipital 0.6 cm lesion (0.4 cm 2 months prior) [Figure 1].	F1	PMC8247706_01	PMC8247706	file_0119957	PMC8247706_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g002.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g002_undivided_1_1.webp	Case 1 cancer diagnosis and treatment timeline.		F2	PMC8247706_01	PMC8247706	file_0119959	PMC8247706_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g003.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g003_undivided_1_1.webp	Left precentral motor cortex lesion re-treatment plan with dose-volume histogram. This patient was re-treated with 35 Gy in 100 fractions, over the course of 3 weeks, to her surgical cavity of her left precentral gyrus lesion. Pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy was used with TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6, and 97% of the target volume received 35 Gy. The colors in the top of the figure correspond to isodose distributions, with orange corresponding to the volume receiving 35Gy (100% dose area). The dose-volume histogram relates radiation dose to tissue volume and includes both the target structure as well as organs at risk.	TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6 (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used [Figure 3]. [Figure 4] provides a cumulative dose-volume histogram on the organs at risk along with the PRDR targets based on the treatments to the brain using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA).	F3	PMC8247706_01	PMC8247706	file_0119960	PMC8247706_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g004.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g004_undivided_1_1.webp	Comprehensive dose-volume histogram based on a summation of the patient's previous radiation treatments detailed in Figure 2 on the organs at risk along with the pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy targets based on the treatments to the brain, compiled using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA). The colors in the figure correspond to the volumes as shown in the key receiving doses of radiation.	TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6 (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used [Figure 3]. [Figure 4] provides a cumulative dose-volume histogram on the organs at risk along with the PRDR targets based on the treatments to the brain using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA).	F4	PMC8247706_01	PMC8247706	file_0119961	PMC8247706_01	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g005.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g005_undivided_1_1.webp	Case 2 cancer diagnosis and treatment timeline.	[Figure 5] provides a flowchart summary of this case.	F5	PMC8247706_02	PMC8247706	file_0119962	PMC8247706_02	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g006.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g006_a_1_2.webp	Glioblastoma multiforme at T11-12 seen on T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance image with gadolinium contrast before (a) and 1 month after (b) pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy.	MRI thoracic spine revealed a recurrent thoracic lesion 2.2 x 1 x 0.8 cm [Figure 6].	F6	PMC8247706_02	PMC8247706	file_0119963	PMC8247706_02	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g008.jpg	PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g008_undivided_1_1.webp	Comprehensive dose-volume histogram based on a summation of the patient's previous radiation treatments detailed in Figure 5 on the organs at risk along with the pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy targets based on the treatments to the brain, compiled using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA). The colors in the figure correspond to the volumes as shown in the key receiving doses of radiation.		F8	PMC8247706_02	PMC8247706	file_0119965	PMC8247706_02	CC BY-NC-SA
PMC6240727_01_gr1.jpg	PMC6240727_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp	Preoperative echocardiography showing severe aortic stenosis.	Echocardiography showed severe AS, with a peak aortic pressure gradient of 88.0 mmHg and effective orifice area of 0.52 cm2 (Fig. 1).	fig0005	PMC6240727_01	PMC6240727	file_0086066	PMC6240727_01	CC BY
PMC6240727_01_gr2.jpg	PMC6240727_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp	Multimer analysis of von Willebrand factor before aortic valve replacement.	Although the serum level of von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity was in the normal lower limit of 51% (normal range 50-150%), further hematologic examination by gel electrophoresis showed deficiency of high-molecular-weight multimers of vWF (Fig. 2).	fig0010	PMC6240727_01	PMC6240727	file_0086067	PMC6240727_01	CC BY

PMC6472062_01_13006_2019_210_Fig5_HTML.jpg

PMC6472062_13006_2019_210_Fig5_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp

Ultrasound: Right breast

However, the tightly packed ducts seen parallel to the ultrasound beam are suggestive of major ducts to the possible location of the nipple as shown in Fig. 5 (Ultrasound: Right breast) and Fig. 6 (Ultrasound: Left breast).

Fig5

PMC6472062_01

PMC6472062

file_0091990

PMC6472062_01

CC BY

PMC6472062_01_13006_2019_210_Fig6_HTML.jpg

PMC6472062_13006_2019_210_Fig6_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp

Ultrasound: Left breast

Fig6

PMC6472062_01

PMC6472062

file_0091991

PMC6472062_01

CC BY

PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g001.jpg

PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Nodular lesions on the right leg

On clinical examination, multiple erythematous nodules and plaques of varying sizes ranging from 3 mm to 3 cm in diameter were seen on bilateral ear pinna and bony prominences of the extremities, i.e., elbows, knees, malleoli, and dorsal aspect of bilateral feet [Figure 1].

F1

PMC5015501_01

PMC5015501

file_0058568

PMC5015501_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g002.jpg

PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Acid-fast Bacilli in large numbers, grouped together in cigar-bundle appearance. Stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, x100

AFB in large numbers [Figure 2]. A bacterial index of 4+ (10 AFB per oil immersion field) was recorded.

F2

PMC5015501_01

PMC5015501

file_0058569

PMC5015501_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g003.jpg

PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g003_E_1_1.webp

Dermis showing diffuse polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate with foamy histiocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes; stained with H and E, x100

Histopathological examination of skin biopsy showed an unremarkable epidermis with underlying dermis showing a diffuse polymorphous inflammatory infiltrate coexisting with foamy histiocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes, extending from dermis to subcutis [Figure 3].

F3

PMC5015501_01

PMC5015501

file_0058570

PMC5015501_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC5015501_01_JLP-9-57-g004.jpg

PMC5015501_JLP-9-57-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

Fite-Faraco stain demonstrating acid-fast Bacilli, x100

AFB were highlighted by Fite-Faraco stain [Figure 4].

F4

PMC5015501_01

PMC5015501

file_0058571

PMC5015501_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4444167_01_poljradiol-80-277-g001.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Snare placed over the cranial edge of the Viatorr dislodged to the right atrium.

The loop of the snare was placed over the cranial edge of the Viatorr (Figure 1).

f1-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_01

PMC4444167

file_0042513

PMC4444167_01

NO-CC CODE

PMC4444167_01_poljradiol-80-277-g002.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Removed Viatorrs.

However, during that withdrawal, the second (coaxially placed in the first one) Viatorr followed into IVC and the removal procedure was repeated as described above (Figure 2).

f2-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_01

PMC4444167

file_0042514

PMC4444167_01

NO-CC CODE

PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g003.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g003_undivided_1_1.webp

Viatorr connecting the bile duct with IVC.

During transjugular, transhepatic attempt to puncture PV, a bile duct was accidentally entered (Figure 3).

f3-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_02

PMC4444167

file_0042515

PMC4444167_02

NO-CC CODE

PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g004.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

CO2 portography through the catheter placed through a paraumbilical vein.

Cobra catheter was advanced to the right portal vein branch. CO2 portography through that catheter showed a hepatofugal flow in the portal vein but no connection with the bile duct (Figure 4).

f4-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_02

PMC4444167

file_0042516

PMC4444167_02

NO-CC CODE

PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g005.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g005_undivided_1_1.webp

Viatorr pulled back to the right atrium, partly in the sheath.

However, the entire Viatorr could be pulled back from the transhepatic tract to the right atrium (Figure 5).

f5-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_02

PMC4444167

file_0042517

PMC4444167_02

NO-CC CODE

PMC4444167_02_poljradiol-80-277-g006.jpg

PMC4444167_poljradiol-80-277-g006_undivided_1_1.webp

Removed Viatorr.

The sheath with the endoprosthesis was removed (Figure 6) and hemostasis was obtained with manual compression.

f6-poljradiol-80-277

PMC4444167_02

PMC4444167

file_0042518

PMC4444167_02

NO-CC CODE

PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0001.jpg

PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp

A panoramic radiograph taken at the time of the patient's initial consultation revealed maxillary and mandibular partial edentulism. On the patient's right side (left side of radiograph), there is an enlarged ankylotic mass fusing the mandible to the right base of the skull (circled in red), with impingement of the right maxillary tuberosity on the anterior aspect of the right mandible (yellow arrow). On the left mandible (right side of radiograph), there is a TMJ prosthetic implant with the mandibular condylar portion dislocated from the glenoid fossa component (blue arrow). Both mandibular coronoid processes are missing, having been surgically removed. The patient's teeth are slightly apart - she can neither fully open nor close her mouth due to the bony fusion.

Figure 1 shows a panoramic radiograph taken at initial consultation.

f0001

PMC8486010_01

PMC8486010

file_0124824

PMC8486010_01

CC BY-NC

PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0002.jpg

PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp

A post-operative panoramic after the patient underwent a series of three separate surgeries to correct her right mandibular bony ankylosis and previously placed failed left TMJ prosthesis. This radiograph depicts bilateral custom-made total TMJ prosthetic implants (TMJ Implants, Ventura, CA). The gaps between the prosthetic condyle and glenoid fossa plate (red arrows) represent the plastic insert on which the metallic condyle articulates. The embolization coil of the right maxillary artery is seen underlying the reconstructed TMJ (blue arrow). Temporary intermaxillary fixation wires are secured with screws (yellow arrows).

Figure 2 shows a panoramic radiograph following her series of surgeries.

f0002

PMC8486010_01

PMC8486010

file_0124825

PMC8486010_01

CC BY-NC

PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0003.jpg

PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0003_undivided_1_1.webp

Timeline of events surrounding the manufacturing, clinical use, and ultimate recall of the VI PTIPI. Boxes above the timeline in from VI (red), scientific literature (green), and AAOMS actions (blue). Items below the timeline show FDA regulatory practices (yellow).

FDA has been critically evaluated by several authors, and chronologies of these events are available from the FDA among other sources. Figure 3 provides a timeline of the initial manufacturing and clinical application of the VI PTIPI and the role of the FDA in regulating its use, as well as scientific literature published on PTIPIs throughout the years.

f0003

PMC8486010_01

PMC8486010

file_0124826

PMC8486010_01

CC BY-NC

PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0004.jpg

PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0004_undivided_1_1.webp

The rationale defending the patient's allegations against Vitek, Inc. Proplast-Teflon interpositional implant (PTIPI) (red) and in defense of oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) (blue).

Figure 4 shows the premise for each side of the debate.

f0004

PMC8486010_01

PMC8486010

file_0124827

PMC8486010_01

CC BY-NC

PMC8486010_01_JPR-14-3033-g0005.jpg

PMC8486010_JPR-14-3033-g0005_undivided_1_1.webp

"Swiss cheese" model of failure, proposed and adapted by permission from BMJ Publishing Group Limited. Reason J. Human error: models and management. BMJ. 320, 768, copyright 2020. In the case of the VI PTIPI, the risk associated with PTIPI managed to pass through "holes" despite layers of defense from the manufacturers, professional societies, hospitals, and the Food and Drug Association.

In any event, hazards exist, and the layers of defense can be breached by latent conditions or active failures, as noted in the "Swiss Cheese model" of failure (Figure 5).

f0005

PMC8486010_01

PMC8486010

file_0124828

PMC8486010_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4488956_01_40364_2015_40_Fig1_HTML.jpg

PMC4488956_40364_2015_40_Fig1_HTML_a_1_2.webp

Imaging of patient with germline BAP1 mutation. a. Retinal examination revealed a melanocytic tumor with irregular margins involving the majority of the retina. b. CT of the abdomen prior to surgery identified a 32 mm lobulated lesion in segment 4B of the liver as indicated by the arrow

A 72-year-old, previously well, woman was found to have left ocular uveal melanoma on ophthalmology review (Fig. 1). An abdominal CT scan demonstrated a lesion within segments 4 and 7 of her liver (Fig. 1).

Fig1

PMC4488956_01

PMC4488956

file_0043225

PMC4488956_01

CC BY

PMC4488956_01_40364_2015_40_Fig2_HTML.jpg

PMC4488956_40364_2015_40_Fig2_HTML_undivided_1_1.webp

Pedigree of the patient's family with a BAP1 germline mutation. Black Squares indicate a diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. Arrow indicates the presence of BAP1 mutation as determined by sequencing studies. Two of the patient's children passed away with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL)

The patient's father and brother had both died of malignant mesothelioma (Fig. 2) having had occupational exposure to asbestos. The patient had four children, and two of these had passed away with renal cell carcinoma and acute lymphocytic leukaemia at ages 41 and 17 respectively (Fig. 2).

Fig2

PMC4488956_01

PMC4488956

file_0043227

PMC4488956_01

CC BY

PMC6497487_01_CCIDE-11-73-g0002.jpg

PMC6497487_CCIDE-11-73-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp

Immediate implant placement.

The placement and torquing of a Zimmer implant were ensured at 40 N cm (Figure 2).

F0002

PMC6497487_01

PMC6497487

file_0092580

PMC6497487_01

CC BY-NC

PMC6497487_01_CCIDE-11-73-g0003.jpg

PMC6497487_CCIDE-11-73-g0003_undivided_1_1.webp

Implant temporary abutments placed on the casts.

Two implant temporary abutments from Zimmer (Zimmer Dental, Carlsbad, Calif) were placed on the cast and prepared using the clear vacuum-formed shell template (Figure 3).

F0003

PMC6497487_01

PMC6497487

file_0092581

PMC6497487_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4257017_01_dddt-8-2373Fig1.jpg

PMC4257017_dddt-8-2373Fig1_undivided_1_1.webp

Intraoperative photo of the right eye.. Notes: Photo demonstrates an anterior chamber maintainer inferonasally (green arrow) and the leaking site of scleral melt inferotemporally (yellow arrow).

Intraoperatively, an anterior chamber maintainer was used and surgical exploration confirmed significant scleral melt at the site of implantation with leaking aqueous humor (Figure 1).

f1-dddt-8-2373

PMC4257017_01

PMC4257017

file_0037476

PMC4257017_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4257017_01_dddt-8-2373Fig2.jpg

PMC4257017_dddt-8-2373Fig2_undivided_1_1.webp

Anterior segment image of the right eye 3 weeks postoperatively.. Note: Image demonstrates good position of the scleral patch graft inferotemporally.

Three weeks later, the IOP was 18 mmHg, the visual acuity recovered to 20/30, and the patch graft was in good position (Figure 2).

f2-dddt-8-2373

PMC4257017_01

PMC4257017

file_0037477

PMC4257017_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_01_icrp_a_1200978_f0001_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0001_c_A_1_3.webp

Preoperative photograph of Case 1 showing right lower gingival cancer (A, B), intraoperative view of a right through-and-through buccal defect after the tumor ablation, and reinforcement of the mandible using a reconstruction plate (C).

A reconstruction plate was used to reinforce the strength of the mandible (Figure 1).

F0001

PMC4996063_01

PMC4996063

file_0058046

PMC4996063_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0003_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0003_c_undivided_1_1.webp

Clinical photograph of Case 2 showing flaccid paralysis with muscle atrophy in both the lower extremities.

A 51-year-old man with atrophy of the muscles in both the lower extremities (Figure 3) presented with a cT4aN0M0 left buccal squamous cell carcinoma (35 x 23 x 20 mm) with skin invasion.

F0003

PMC4996063_02

PMC4996063

file_0058049

PMC4996063_02

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0004_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0004_c_undivided_1_1.webp

Intraoperative view of the flap harvesting for Case 2. Medial retraction of the rectus femoris muscle revealed atrophy and pale, yellowish, fat-like color of the vastus lateralis muscle that was affected by poliomyelitis. The diameter of the perforators (black arrow) appeared normal.

The skin island measured 20 x 10 cm and included two cutaneous perforators (Figure 4). The quadriceps muscle had a pale, yellowish, fat-like color (Figure 4), and the intermuscular septum was not clear.

F0004

PMC4996063_02

PMC4996063

file_0058050

PMC4996063_02

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0005_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0005_c_undivided_1_1.webp

Immediate post-operative view of Case 2 following reconstruction with an ALT-free flap.

The flap became pink in color, and the capillary refill returned to a normal level (Figure 5).

F0005

PMC4996063_02

PMC4996063

file_0058051

PMC4996063_02

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0006_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0006_c_A_1_3.webp

At a follow-up of one month in Case 2, the patient was satisfied with the reconstructed cheek (A) without donor site complications (B), and he could walk well with calipers and crutches (C).

The muscle power in the right lower limb remained at Grade 0 and he could walk well with calipers and crutches (Figure 6).

F0006

PMC4996063_02

PMC4996063

file_0058052

PMC4996063_02

CC BY-NC

PMC4996063_02_icrp_a_1200978_f0007_c.jpg

PMC4996063_icrp_a_1200978_f0007_c_A_1_2.webp

Histopathological examination of a vastus lateralis muscle specimen from Case 2's paralytic lower limb revealed denervation muscle fiber atrophy with striation loss and collagen fiber accumulation (H&E 200x) (A). Histological sections of paralytic thigh skin showed the presence of chronic perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis. (H&E 100x) (B). H&E: haematoxylin and eosin.

As expected, the evaluation of the vastus lateralis muscle revealed degeneration and fibrosis (Figure 7).

F0007

PMC4996063_02

PMC4996063

file_0058055

PMC4996063_02

CC BY-NC

PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g001.jpg

PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g001_A_1_2.webp

Retinal fundus photographs before surgery showing mild venous dilation in the right eye (A) and the left eye (B).

Fundus examination revealed mildly distended veins in both eyes ( Figure 1 ).

f1

PMC8795594_01

PMC8795594

file_0130733

PMC8795594_01

CC BY

PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g002.jpg

PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g002_A_1_6.webp

Baseline fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Left eye angiogram reveals (A) patchy choroidal filling and a prolonged arm-to-retina circulation time of 38 s. (B) Leading edge of fluorescein dye in the arteries. (C) Multiple microaneurysms in the midperipheral retina. (D) Diffuse dye leakage in the late phase with mildly dilated retinal veins. Right eye angiogram shows similar changes with (E) delayed arterial filling and (F) late-phase dye leakage.

There was no evidence of capillary non-perfusion, arteriovenous shunts, or retinal neovascularization ( Figure 2 ).

f2

PMC8795594_01

PMC8795594

file_0130735

PMC8795594_01

CC BY

PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g003.jpg

PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g003_A_1_12.webp

Pre- and postoperative 3.0 * 3.0 mm optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images. Superficial capillary plexus (SCP) in the right eye (A-C) and left eye (G-I) preoperatively and at two follow-up visits (1 and 6 months) illustrate a gradual increase of macular vessel density. Deep capillary plexus (DCP) in the right eye (D-F) and left eye (J-L) reveals similar vascular restoration, along with reconstruction of the perifoveal anastomotic capillary arcade. mo, month(s).

OCT (SD-OCT) did not detect any significant macular changes. OCTA showed extreme rarefaction of perifoveal vascular density at the level of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) ( Figures 3A, G ) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) ( Figures 3D, J ) in both eyes. SCP ( Figures 3B, H ) and DCP layer ( Figures 3E, K ). She remained on tapered prednisone (35 mg/day), CTX (50 mg/day), vasodilator (40 mug twice daily), and aspirin. Notably, OCTA revealed further normalization of vascular density, along with restoration of perifoveal anastomotic capillary arcade ( Figures 3C, F, I, L ).

f3

PMC8795594_01

PMC8795594

file_0130741

PMC8795594_01

CC BY

PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g004.jpg

PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

3D-reconstructed CT angiography (CTA) before balloon angioplasty shows complete occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (red arrows) and severe stenosis of bilateral proximal subclavian arteries (yellow arrowheads). Associated thrombi completely occluding bilateral common carotid arteries were also noted.

A subsequent CT angiogram (CTA) disclosed circumferential thickening of thoracic aorta, complete occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries, and critical stenosis of bilateral proximal subclavian arteries ( Figure 4 ).

f4

PMC8795594_01

PMC8795594

file_0130753

PMC8795594_01

CC BY

PMC8795594_01_fimmu-12-791278-g005.jpg

PMC8795594_fimmu-12-791278-g005_A_1_4.webp

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) 6 months after balloon angioplasty. Left eye angiogram reveals (A, B) restoration of retinal blood flow (decreased arm-to-retina circulation time to 16 s) and (C) decrease of microaneurysms with less evident leakage in the late phase. (D) Right eye angiogram in the late phase shows similar improvement.

Right eye angiogram showed similar improvement ( Figure 5 ).

f5

PMC8795594_01

PMC8795594

file_0130754

PMC8795594_01

CC BY

PMC6122280_01_SNI-9-174-g002.jpg

PMC6122280_SNI-9-174-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Intraoperatively, a mulberry-shaped and purplish in color mass was recognized. The tumor was tightly adhered to a nerve root of the cauda equina

Macroscopically, the tumor was mulberry-shaped, purplish in color, and well demarcated, but tightly adhered to a nerve root of the cauda equina [Figure 2].

F2

PMC6122280_01

PMC6122280

file_0084217

PMC6122280_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4533487_01_nmc-54-673-g1.jpg

PMC4533487_nmc-54-673-g1_undivided_1_1.webp

Computed tomography at the first consultation showing right frontal lobe intracerebral hemorrhage.

Computed tomography (CT) showed right frontal lobe intracerebral hemorrhage (Fig. 1). Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed an unremarkable enhanced intraaxial mass with slight perifocal edema appearing to be acute hematoma, but the possibility of hemorrhagic metastasis could not be rejected (Fig. 2).

F1

PMC4533487_01

PMC4533487

file_0044999

PMC4533487_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC4821441_01_jcm-7-2016-009f1.jpg

PMC4821441_jcm-7-2016-009f1_undivided_1_1.webp

MRI of the pituitary shows no pituitary gland tumor. Red arrow indicates pituitary gland.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland revealed no tumor (Fig. 1).

f1-jcm-7-2016-009

PMC4821441_01

PMC4821441

file_0052355

PMC4821441_01

NO-CC CODE

PMC4821441_01_jcm-7-2016-009f2.jpg

PMC4821441_jcm-7-2016-009f2_left_1_2.webp

Genomic DNA sequence of exon 7 of the albumin gene in the patient (left) and a normal subject (right). The left panel shows substitution of cytosine for guanine in the second nucleotide of codon 218 for the albumin gene of the patient, resulting in the replacement of arginine (Arg) by proline (Pro).

Direct genomic sequencing of exon 7 of the albumin gene revealed a substitution of cytosine (C) for guanine (G) in the second nucleotide of codon 218 in one of the two alleles, leading to the replacement of arginine by proline (Fig. 2).

f2-jcm-7-2016-009

PMC4821441_01

PMC4821441

file_0052356

PMC4821441_01

NO-CC CODE

PMC5360453_01_mv-v23-131-f2.jpg

PMC5360453_mv-v23-131-f2_undivided_1_1.webp

Novel disease-causing variants in TTLL5 in cone dystrophy: Pedigree of the index patient with disease-causing variants in TTLL5 and cosegregation analysis. The index patient, the proband, is the individual II-3, marked with an arrow. Square symbol=male, round symbol=female, filled symbol=affected, unfilled symbol=unaffected, double line=consanguinity. Underneath the symbols, the sequence electropherograms of the disease-causing variant in TTLL5 is found homozygously in the proband and heterozygously in the parents. The underlined letters correspond to the modifications of the sequence induced by this disease-causing variant.

The index patient was a 9-year-old boy (Figure 2, II-3), corrected for myopia since 3 years of age, who always had difficulty watching television and reading. This c.182-3_182-1delinsAA mutation in TTLL5 was validated in the index patient and the unaffected parents with direct Sanger sequencing (Figure 2).

f2

PMC5360453_01

PMC5360453

file_0065632

PMC5360453_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-001.jpg

PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-001_undivided_1_1.webp

A nail has lodged in the right eye

The anterior segment of the right eye showed a hyperemic conjunctiva with a nail lodged at the temporal limbus (Figure 1 (Fig. 1)).

F1

PMC5366803_01

PMC5366803

file_0065876

PMC5366803_01

CC BY

PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-002.jpg

PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-002_undivided_1_1.webp

Ultrasonography showed an IOFB in the right eye

F2

PMC5366803_01

PMC5366803

file_0065877

PMC5366803_01

CC BY

PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-003.jpg

PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-003_undivided_1_1.webp

Anterior segment of the right eye after IOFB removal

Anterior segment examination showed a closed wound and two in-place sutures at the temporal limbus (Figure 3 (Fig. 3)).

F3

PMC5366803_01

PMC5366803

file_0065878

PMC5366803_01

CC BY

PMC5366803_01_OC-07-10-g-005.jpg

PMC5366803_OC-07-10-g-005_undivided_1_1.webp

OCT of the right eye

OCT examination of the left eye was within normal limits (Figure 5 (Fig. 5)).

F5

PMC5366803_01

PMC5366803

file_0065879

PMC5366803_01

CC BY

PMC8013978_01_fonc-11-601709-g001.jpg

PMC8013978_fonc-11-601709-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Chest computed tomography (CT) showed patchy peripheral bibasilar ground glass opacities in both lungs.

Chest computed tomography (CT) showed patchy peripheral bibasilar ground glass opacities in both lungs, findings compatible with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (Figure 1).

f1

PMC8013978_01

PMC8013978

file_0115202

PMC8013978_01

CC BY

PMC8013978_01_fonc-11-601709-g002.jpg

PMC8013978_fonc-11-601709-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Chest X-ray revealed widespread bilateral alveolo-interstitial infiltrates.

Her chest X-ray revealed widespread bilateral alveolo-interstitial infiltrates (Figure 2).

f2

PMC8013978_01

PMC8013978

file_0115203

PMC8013978_01

CC BY

PMC4879337_01_rmdopen2015000236f03.jpg

PMC4879337_rmdopen2015000236f03_A_1_2.webp

IFN and neutrophil gene expression studies. The RQ value for each transcript is equal to the normalised fold change relative to a control. (A) Quantitative reverse transcription PCR of a panel of six IFN-1-stimulated genes in CECR1 mutation-positive sisters on two occasions. IFN score was 4.82 before treatment and 1.86 after treatment in patient 1 and 11.79 and 9.47 before treatment in patient 2. IFN-stimulated genes are variably overexpressed in the two patients. (B) The expression of a panel of neutrophil-stimulated genes was measured in patients 1 and 2 on two occasions. Neutrophil-stimulated gene expression was essentially similar to that in controls. IFN-1, interferon 1; NA, not applicable; RQ value, relative quantification value.

The expression of a panel of IFN-stimulated genes was significantly elevated in both patients (figure 3A), though for the older sister the second sampling showed no elevation of IFN-stimulated genes. Neutrophil-stimulated genes were not overexpressed (figure 3B).

RMDOPEN2015000236F3

PMC4879337_01

PMC4879337

file_0053854

PMC4879337_01

CC BY-NC

PMC6120592_01_gr1.jpg

PMC6120592_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

Histology showing squamous mucosa with acantholysis, margination of nuclear chromatin, multinucleation, and viral nuclear inclusions.

Biopsies taken during the procedure revealed ulcerative herpes laryngitis with pathology showing large multinucleated cells with atypia under the ulcerated epithelium (Fig. 1), and strong positive HSV immunostaining (Fig. 2).

fig0005

PMC6120592_01

PMC6120592

file_0084184

PMC6120592_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g001.jpg

PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Picture showing the baby of Holt-Oram syndrome

Physical examination revealed an active baby weighing 2790 g and length of 49 cm, heart rate of 146/min, blood pressure of 70/30 mm of Hg, respiratory rate of 40/min, and systemic oxygen saturation of right upper limb being 83% in room air and that of right lower limb being 74% in room air [Figure 1].

F1

PMC4879802_01

PMC4879802

file_0053862

PMC4879802_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g002.jpg

PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Left upper limb showing radial ray deformity with absent thumb

On musculoskeletal examination, left upper limb shortening was noticed with absent radius bone, radial flexion deformity of the wrist and also absent thumb [Figure 2].

F2

PMC4879802_01

PMC4879802

file_0053863

PMC4879802_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g003.jpg

PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g003_undivided_1_1.webp

Right hand showing triphalangeal thumb

Triphalangeal thumb was seen in the right upper limb [Figure 3].

F3

PMC4879802_01

PMC4879802

file_0053864

PMC4879802_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g004.jpg

PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

Plain radiograph showing the bony deformities of the upper limb with cardiomegaly

On further investigation, chest X-ray showed normal thoracic situs with cardiomegaly, plain radiograph of both upper limbs revealed absent radius on left side with absent carpal bones and absent first metacarpal bone and phalanges (thumb), right side showing absent carpal bones and triphalangeal thumb [Figure 4].

F4

PMC4879802_01

PMC4879802

file_0053865

PMC4879802_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4879802_01_HV-17-27-g005.jpg

PMC4879802_HV-17-27-g005_undivided_1_1.webp

Echocardiography showing aortic atresia

The baby developed cyanosis couple of hours after delivery, following which an ECG was done which was normal and a 2D echocardiography was done which revealed severe aortic atresia with hypoplastic arch, large perimembranous VSD and ASD as well [Figure 5].

F5

PMC4879802_01

PMC4879802

file_0053866

PMC4879802_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0000.jpg

PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0000_undivided_1_1.webp

EKG showing deep T wave inversions in leads V1-V6 and the inferior limb leads.

EKG showed deep T wave inversions in leads V1-V6 and the inferior limb leads ( Figure 1).

f1

PMC6178910_01

PMC6178910

file_0085103

PMC6178910_01

CC BY

PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0001.jpg

PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp

Repeat EKG now showing a Q 3T 3 pattern in lead III.

III ( Figure 2). In view of these new findings (low oxygen saturation and a change in the EKG pattern), a computerized tomography of the chest with angiogram (chest CTA) was ordered.

f2

PMC6178910_01

PMC6178910

file_0085104

PMC6178910_01

CC BY

PMC6178910_01_f1000research-7-17710-g0002.jpg

PMC6178910_f1000research-7-17710-g0002_undivided_1_1.webp

Axial CTA of the chest showing a saddle embolus with extension into the branches of the pulmonary artery.. CTA was performed using Siemens SOMATOM Perspective 128 slices. Images were obtained in a cranio-caudal direction following contrast injection at 3mls/s. Contrast optimization was based on bolus tracking at the level of the main pulmonary artery using a trigger level of 100 HU.

This revealed a saddle pulmonary embolus which extended into the right and left pulmonary arteries and involved all lobar branches of the pulmonary arteries ( Figure 3).

f3

PMC6178910_01

PMC6178910

file_0085105

PMC6178910_01

CC BY

PMC5723361_01_gr1.jpg

PMC5723361_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

Preoperative radiograph showing the Uncemented Hemiarthoplasty with no obvious lysis or loosening of hip prosthesis.

Hip radiographs demonstrated uncemented unipolar left hip arthroplasty with no evidence of any radiolucency or prosthetic loosening (Fig. 1).

fig0005

PMC5723361_01

PMC5723361

file_0074627

PMC5723361_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC6010925_01_gr1.jpg

PMC6010925_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

CT scan of pelvis shows thickening of the rectum.

The CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis with contrast revealed thickening of the rectum (Fig. 1).

fig0005

PMC6010925_01

PMC6010925

file_0082210

PMC6010925_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC9082205_01_cop-0013-0179-g01.jpg

PMC9082205_cop-0013-0179-g01_undivided_1_1.webp

Dilated fundus exam with disc edema, flame, and dot-blot hemorrhages radiating from the optic disc extending into the midperiphery, and tortuous, engorged retinal veins.

Dilated fundus exam of the right eye revealed disc edema, flame hemorrhages radiating from the optic disc extending into the midperiphery, diffuse dot-blot hemorrhages, and tortuous, engorged retinal veins (Fig.1).

F1

PMC9082205_01

PMC9082205

file_0132751

PMC9082205_01

CC BY-NC

PMC9082205_01_cop-0013-0179-g02.jpg

PMC9082205_cop-0013-0179-g02_a_1_4.webp

Fluorescein angiography - (a-b) demonstrating delayed arterial filling at (44:14) and (52:07), respectively; (c-d) with dilated tortuous veins with blockage secondary to retinal hemorrhage pictured at (57:55) and (59:69), respectively.

Fluorescein angiography identified delayed arterial filling and late optic disc staining (Fig.2).

F2

PMC9082205_01

PMC9082205

file_0132752

PMC9082205_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4821151_01_cro-0009-0182-g01.jpg

PMC4821151_cro-0009-0182-g01_a_1_2.webp

CT of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast showing a mass-like density (arrows) in the gastric antrum or proximal duodenum measuring approximately 4 cm (anterior to posterior) (a) and multiple areas of decreased attenuation (arrows) in the liver which represent metastasis (b).

A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis showed a markedly dilated, debris-filled stomach with no contrast beyond the gastric antrum, and a mass-like density in the gastric antrum or proximal duodenum measuring approximately 4 cm in diameter (fig. 1a). Multiple hypodense hepatic lesions (the largest being 6 cm in the right hepatic lobe) were also seen, which was consistent with metastatic disease (fig. 1b).

F1

PMC4821151_01

PMC4821151

file_0052281

PMC4821151_01

CC BY-NC

PMC6796728_01_gr1.jpg

PMC6796728_gr1_A_1_3.webp

A: Bowel perforation at the cecum. B: Bowel perforation at the terminal ileum. C: Laparotomy wound at the postoperative period.

At surgery, the peritoneal cavity was filled with 500 ml of pus and 2 bowel perforations were identified: a 1 x 1 cm perforation in the terminal ileum, 50 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, and a 3 x 2 cm perforation in the cecum (Fig. 1A-C).

fig0005

PMC6796728_01

PMC6796728

file_0097596

PMC6796728_01

CC BY

PMC5994735_01_gr1.jpg

PMC5994735_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

Pre-operative photo.

We present the case of a 55-year-old woman underwent bariatric surgery in 2014, after which she lost 55 kg of weight (Fig. 1).

fig0005

PMC5994735_01

PMC5994735

file_0081665

PMC5994735_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC5994735_01_gr2.jpg

PMC5994735_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp

Intra-operative photo. We can distinguee two different surgical plane: superficial prefascial (above the Scarpa Fascia) in the infraumbilical region and preaneurotic region in the epigastric portion.

The skin incision is made according to the preoperative design (Fig. 2), then the abdominal flap is sculpted with ultrasound scalpels.

fig0010

PMC5994735_01

PMC5994735

file_0081666

PMC5994735_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC5994735_01_gr3.jpg

PMC5994735_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp

Plication of the rectus of the abdomen. The adipose-fascial tissue exeresis is noted along the midline of the rectus abdominis.

Once the tunnel has been completed, the muscle fascia of the rectum is plicated with its approach in the upper abdominal portions, then a medial portion of the adipofascial tissue is removed and the premuscular plane is exposed (Fig. 3).

fig0015

PMC5994735_01

PMC5994735

file_0081667

PMC5994735_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC10326381_01_fimmu-14-1212007-g001.jpg

PMC10326381_fimmu-14-1212007-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Reticulocyte count and hemoglobin around hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and after treatment with daratumumab for pure red cell aplasia. Between February 2022 and April 2022, the patient received several red blood cell transfusions. The red and blue areas between the dotted lines represent the normal values of reticulocyte count and hemoglobin, respectively. HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

After 4 doses of daratumumab, prompt increases of hemoglobin and reticulocyte counts ( Figure 1 ) and the disappearance of anti-B isohemagglutinins were observed.

f1

PMC10326381_01

PMC10326381

file_0007894

PMC10326381_01

CC BY

PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g001.jpg

PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g001_A_1_1.webp

A 2D echo in parasternal long axis showing cystic mass in the pericardial cavity with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.

Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial mass measuring 10.6 x 4.8 cms (Figure 1 & 2), honeycombed in appearance, compressing the right atrium and right ventricle, and was associated with moderate pericardial effusion.

F1

PMC4724686_01

PMC4724686

file_0048959

PMC4724686_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g002.jpg

PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

A chamber view showing the cystic mass in pericardial cavity with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.

Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large pericardial mass measuring 10.6 x 4.8 cms (Figure 1 & 2), honeycombed in appearance, compressing the right atrium and right ventricle, and was associated with moderate pericardial effusion.

F2

PMC4724686_01

PMC4724686

file_0048960

PMC4724686_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g003.jpg

PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g003_undivided_1_1.webp

Cardiac MRI shows multi cystic lesions in right atrioventricular groove with compression of the right atrium and right ventricle.

She was then extensively worked up with all forms of imaging including contrast enhanced CT (CECT) chest and cardiac MRI (Figure 3).

F3

PMC4724686_01

PMC4724686

file_0048961

PMC4724686_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g004.jpg

PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

Cystic lymphatic space with surrounding adipose tissue and lymphoid follicles.(Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x100)

Histopathology report of excised RV mass came as cystic lymphangioma (Figure 4 & 5).

F4

PMC4724686_01

PMC4724686

file_0048962

PMC4724686_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC4724686_01_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g005.jpg

PMC4724686_SaudiMedJ-37-90-g005_A_1_1.webp

A Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x100 tiny lymphatic spaces filled with lymphocytes. Myocardial tissue is seen on the left. (Hematoxylin & Eosin stain x400)

Histopathology report of excised RV mass came as cystic lymphangioma (Figure 4 & 5).

F5

PMC4724686_01

PMC4724686

file_0048963

PMC4724686_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g001.jpg

PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

axial non contrast cerebral CT scan showing an acute fronto-parietal left subdural hematoma responsible for a mass effect on the left cerebral hemisphere and subfalcorial engagement

Non contrast cerebral CT scan revealed a compressive left fronto-parietal subdural hematoma (Figure 1).

F1

PMC8464216_01

PMC8464216

file_0124470

PMC8464216_01

CC BY

PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g002.jpg

PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

cerebral magnetic resonance angiography showing no arteriovenous malformations

In addition, cerebral magnetic resonance angiography did not show any underlying arteriovenous abnormalities (Figure 2).

F2

PMC8464216_01

PMC8464216

file_0124471

PMC8464216_01

CC BY

PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g003.jpg

PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g003_undivided_1_1.webp

post-operative axial non contrast cerebral CT scan showing surgical stigmas and disappearance of acute subdural hematoma

We maintained daily infusions of fresh frozen plasma (600 mL/d) and tranexamic acid and the post-operative clinical course was satisfactory (Figure 3).

F3

PMC8464216_01

PMC8464216

file_0124472

PMC8464216_01

CC BY

PMC8464216_01_PAMJ-39-207-g004.jpg

PMC8464216_PAMJ-39-207-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

antinuclear antibodies of homogeneous fluorescence (titre=1/1280)

Antinuclear antibody testing was positive at a rate of 1/1280 with specificity for anti-dsDNA, anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La (Figure 4).

F4

PMC8464216_01

PMC8464216

file_0124473

PMC8464216_01

CC BY

PMC3201100_02_ccrep-4-2011-039f1.jpg

PMC3201100_ccrep-4-2011-039f1_undivided_1_1.webp

CXR on presentation.

Chest X-Ray (CXR) on presentation (Fig. 1) revealed minimal opacity at the right lung base and blunting of the left costophrenic angle.

f1-ccrep-4-2011-039

PMC3201100_02

PMC3201100

file_0017557

PMC3201100_02

NO-CC CODE

PMC3201100_03_ccrep-4-2011-039f3.jpg

PMC3201100_ccrep-4-2011-039f3_undivided_1_1.webp

Right anterior abdominal intramuscular hemorrhage resulting in expanding hematoma.

Examination showed expanding hematoma (Fig. 3).

f3-ccrep-4-2011-039

PMC3201100_03

PMC3201100

file_0017558

PMC3201100_03

NO-CC CODE

PMC4898292_01_gr1.jpg

PMC4898292_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

23-year-old female with ruptured feeding-tube tip. Fluoroscopy scout view showing the weighted tip of the enteral feeding tube with eight metallic-density foreign objects outside the feeding-tube tip.

Fluoroscopy showed eight metallic-density foreign objects dispersed throughout the ascending and descending colon (Fig. 1).

fig1

PMC4898292_01

PMC4898292

file_0054878

PMC4898292_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC10276592_01_IDR-16-3761-g0001.jpg

PMC10276592_IDR-16-3761-g0001_undivided_1_1.webp

Antimicrobial therapies and the changing patterns of clinical variables in a patient with acute infective endocarditis. Antimicrobial dosing regimens: contezolid 800 mg q12h; daptomycin 420 mg once daily; cefoperazone/sulbactam 3.0 g q8h; vancomycin 1.0 g q12h; meropenem 2g q12h; tigecycline 100mg q12h; linezolid 600mg q12h.

The clinical symptoms were resolved and the temperature was normlalized 15 days after contezolid add-on therapy (Figure 1).

f0001

PMC10276592_01

PMC10276592

file_0006776

PMC10276592_01

CC BY-NC

PMC8794318_01_med-05-9-f2.jpg

PMC8794318_med-05-9-f2_undivided_1_1.webp

Tracheal and bronchial blood clot.

After en-bloc sampling of the airways, esophagus and heart, the section of the tracheal pars membranacea highlighted the presence of a blood clot that extended from the middle third of the tracheal lumen to the terminal bronchioles of both lungs (Figures 2,3).

f2

PMC8794318_01

PMC8794318

file_0130640

PMC8794318_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC8463768_01_gr1.jpg

PMC8463768_gr1_A_1_2.webp

MRI of the brain. (A) DWI revealing a 2.8-cm tubular shaped heterogeneously enhancing mass within the right parietal lobe with extensive perilesional edema. There is irregular and nodular rim enhancement with some areas of restricted diffusion. (B) Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) map.

MRI of the brain revealed a heterogeneously-enhancing 2.8-cm mass with irregular, nodular rim enhancement and extensive perilesional edema (Fig. 1).

fig0005

PMC8463768_01

PMC8463768

file_0124460

PMC8463768_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC8463768_01_gr3.jpg

PMC8463768_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp

Brain lesion biopsy. Low power images showing an abscess with adjacent brain parenchyma (star). The surrounding brain parenchyma shows reactive gliosis on higher power.

Gram-staining revealed gram-positive branching rods surrounded by many neutrophils (Fig. 3).

fig0015

PMC8463768_01

PMC8463768

file_0124462

PMC8463768_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC4166343_01_opth-8-1827Fig1.jpg

PMC4166343_opth-8-1827Fig1_A_1_2.webp

Slit-lamp photograph of the case.. Notes: (A) Preoperative slit-lamp photograph showing an opaque and edematous cornea due to endothelial dysfunction. (B) One year postoperatively, the corneal graft clarity was excellent, with a high endothelial cell density (4,032 cells/mm2, 6.0% decrease from preoperative donor cell measurements).

Slit-lamp examination revealed an opaque cornea due to advanced endothelial dysfunction (Figure 1A).

f1-opth-8-1827

PMC4166343_01

PMC4166343

file_0036034

PMC4166343_01

CC BY-NC

PMC4166343_01_opth-8-1827Fig2.jpg

PMC4166343_opth-8-1827Fig2_undivided_1_1.webp

Preoperative analysis of the infant donor endothelial cells.. Notes: The endothelial cell density of the donor tissue was as high as 4,291 cells/mm2, with no striae.

Since the elasticity and tenderness of the infant donor tissue were extremely high, there were no striae on the surface of the endothelial cell layer after the donor sclerocorneal tissue was harvested (Figure 2).

f2-opth-8-1827

PMC4166343_01

PMC4166343

file_0036036

PMC4166343_01

CC BY-NC

PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g001.jpg

PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Swelling in the floor of mouth obliterating the lingual vestibule

On retraction of the tongue, a solitary 5 cm x 4 cm swelling was noted in the floor of the mouth on the right side, crossing the midline till the lower left central incisor, completely obliterating the lingual vestibule and occupying the entire floor of the mouth on that side [Figure 1].

F1

PMC7433960_01

PMC7433960

file_0106859

PMC7433960_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g002.jpg

PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Mucosa over swelling adherent to lingual gingiva in the region of 44, 45

The mucosa overlying the swelling was adherent to the lingual gingiva in the region of the lower right premolars [Figure 2].

F2

PMC7433960_01

PMC7433960

file_0106860

PMC7433960_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g004.jpg

PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography axial sections showing enhancing mass lesion in the right sublingual region

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed an enhancing mass lesion in the right sublingual region [Figures 3 and 4].

F4

PMC7433960_01

PMC7433960

file_0106861

PMC7433960_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g005.jpg

PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g005_undivided_1_1.webp

Histopathology photomicrograph

An incisional biopsy was thus carried out, which revealed the presence of mucous acini suggestive of minor salivary gland showing periductal inflammation and a very small portion of tumor cells arranged in cribriform pattern and cystic spaces filled with eosinophilic coagulum [Figure 5].

F5

PMC7433960_01

PMC7433960

file_0106862

PMC7433960_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC7433960_01_AMS-10-238-g006.jpg

PMC7433960_AMS-10-238-g006_undivided_1_1.webp

Excised surgical specimen showing well-encapsulated tumor; superficial mucosa seen excised along with the tumor

Intraoperatively, the swelling was found to be submucosal and well-encapsulated [Figure 6].

F6

PMC7433960_01

PMC7433960

file_0106863

PMC7433960_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC5390662_01_gr2.jpg

PMC5390662_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp

The chest CT scan revealed a 10 x 11 cm mass located in the anterior mediastinum, to the left of the heart. The tumor had two components: a bigger part with an intense peripheral contrast uptake and necrotic center, and a smaller part with presence of multiple calcifications.

The lesion had an intimate contact with the adjacent pericardium with effacement of the fat planes (Fig. 2).

fig2

PMC5390662_01

PMC5390662

file_0066544

PMC5390662_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC5390662_01_gr3.jpg

PMC5390662_gr3_undivided_1_1.webp

The PET-CT revealed that the tumor had a heterogeneous metabolic behavior, with a SUV max of 4.83 g/mL.

The remaining structures showed no increase in glucose metabolism (Fig. 3).

fig3

PMC5390662_01

PMC5390662

file_0066545

PMC5390662_01

CC BY-NC-ND

PMC5219585_01_ijotm-7-234-g001.jpg

PMC5219585_ijotm-7-234-g001_undivided_1_1.webp

Intense scaling and edema over the patient's face

He had high grade fever and erythematous maculopapular rash all over the body with intense scaling and edema over the face (Fig 1).

F1

PMC5219585_01

PMC5219585

file_0062022

PMC5219585_01

CC BY

PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g001.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g001_a_1_2.webp

Left precentral gyrus metastatic small cell lung cancer lesion on axial T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium contrast before (a) and 3 months after (b) pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a growing peripherally enhancing 1.2 cm mass (0.8 cm 2 months prior) in the left precentral gyrus that had previously received linear-accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to 20 Gy 9 months prior (with 99% coverage of the target volume), a new left cerebellar 0.4 cm lesion, and a growing left posterior temporal/medial occipital 0.6 cm lesion (0.4 cm 2 months prior) [Figure 1].

F1

PMC8247706_01

PMC8247706

file_0119957

PMC8247706_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g002.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g002_undivided_1_1.webp

Case 1 cancer diagnosis and treatment timeline.

F2

PMC8247706_01

PMC8247706

file_0119959

PMC8247706_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g003.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g003_undivided_1_1.webp

Left precentral motor cortex lesion re-treatment plan with dose-volume histogram. This patient was re-treated with 35 Gy in 100 fractions, over the course of 3 weeks, to her surgical cavity of her left precentral gyrus lesion. Pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy was used with TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6, and 97% of the target volume received 35 Gy. The colors in the top of the figure correspond to isodose distributions, with orange corresponding to the volume receiving 35Gy (100% dose area). The dose-volume histogram relates radiation dose to tissue volume and includes both the target structure as well as organs at risk.

TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6 (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used [Figure 3]. [Figure 4] provides a cumulative dose-volume histogram on the organs at risk along with the PRDR targets based on the treatments to the brain using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA).

F3

PMC8247706_01

PMC8247706

file_0119960

PMC8247706_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_01_SNI-12-280-g004.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g004_undivided_1_1.webp

Comprehensive dose-volume histogram based on a summation of the patient's previous radiation treatments detailed in Figure 2 on the organs at risk along with the pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy targets based on the treatments to the brain, compiled using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA). The colors in the figure correspond to the volumes as shown in the key receiving doses of radiation.

TomoHDA Planning Station Version 5.1.1.6 (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used [Figure 3]. [Figure 4] provides a cumulative dose-volume histogram on the organs at risk along with the PRDR targets based on the treatments to the brain using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA).

F4

PMC8247706_01

PMC8247706

file_0119961

PMC8247706_01

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g005.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g005_undivided_1_1.webp

Case 2 cancer diagnosis and treatment timeline.

[Figure 5] provides a flowchart summary of this case.

F5

PMC8247706_02

PMC8247706

file_0119962

PMC8247706_02

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g006.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g006_a_1_2.webp

Glioblastoma multiforme at T11-12 seen on T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance image with gadolinium contrast before (a) and 1 month after (b) pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy.

MRI thoracic spine revealed a recurrent thoracic lesion 2.2 x 1 x 0.8 cm [Figure 6].

F6

PMC8247706_02

PMC8247706

file_0119963

PMC8247706_02

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC8247706_02_SNI-12-280-g008.jpg

PMC8247706_SNI-12-280-g008_undivided_1_1.webp

Comprehensive dose-volume histogram based on a summation of the patient's previous radiation treatments detailed in Figure 5 on the organs at risk along with the pulsed reduced dose-rate radiotherapy targets based on the treatments to the brain, compiled using MIM software (MIM Software Inc., Cleveland, OH, USA). The colors in the figure correspond to the volumes as shown in the key receiving doses of radiation.

F8

PMC8247706_02

PMC8247706

file_0119965

PMC8247706_02

CC BY-NC-SA

PMC6240727_01_gr1.jpg

PMC6240727_gr1_undivided_1_1.webp

Preoperative echocardiography showing severe aortic stenosis.

Echocardiography showed severe AS, with a peak aortic pressure gradient of 88.0 mmHg and effective orifice area of 0.52 cm2 (Fig. 1).

fig0005

PMC6240727_01

PMC6240727

file_0086066

PMC6240727_01

CC BY

PMC6240727_01_gr2.jpg

PMC6240727_gr2_undivided_1_1.webp

Multimer analysis of von Willebrand factor before aortic valve replacement.

Although the serum level of von Willebrand factor (vWF) activity was in the normal lower limit of 51% (normal range 50-150%), further hematologic examination by gel electrophoresis showed deficiency of high-molecular-weight multimers of vWF (Fig. 2).

fig0010

PMC6240727_01

PMC6240727

file_0086067

PMC6240727_01

CC BY