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آقایان بزرگسالان به منظور حضور موفق در مسابقات قهرمانی جهان و کسب سهمیه المپیک توکیو 2020 از 18 فروردین ماه با حضور 15 قایقران در 2 بخش کایاک و کانوکانادایی به مدت یک هفته در دریاچه مجموعه ورزشی آزادی برگزار می شود.
این مرحله از اردو تا 25 فروردین ماه ادامه خواهد داشت.
حسین ملکی سرمربی کایاک، الیاس اقلیمی سرمربی کانوکانادایی و رحیم برادری سرپرست اردو کادر فنی تیم را تشکیل می دهند.
پیمان قویدل، صادق زمانی، علی آقامیرزائی و محمدرضا صیاد مومن از گیلان، علی مولائی و علیرضا جهان نما از تهران، محمد طاهر افشار از کرمانشاه، احمدرضا طالبیان از اصفهان، امید احمدی از زنجان و امین بوداغی از مازندران نفرات دعوت شده در بخش کایاک و عادل مجللی از گلستان، عرفان زنده پی از بوشهر، شاهو ناصری و زانا صاعدی از کردستان و علی اجاقی از کرمانشاه در بخش کانوکانادایی نفرات دعوت شده به این مرحله از اردو هستند.The Identification of Online Strategy Learning Results While Students Learn from Home During the Disruption of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government,
2021, Volume 27, Issue 2, Pages 1950-1956
AbstractThis study aimed to identify a strategic learning approach to support student learning development from home, resulting from school closures policy due to the disruption of the COVID-19. Many studies have shown that learning success at home during a pandemic is closely related to students' learning outcome orientation strategies. To understand what approach can support this learning, we have reviewed various related literature. After the review completed, in-depth analysis and interpretation were with a descriptive design on pedagogical competence, motivation, materials, methods, and evaluation of success. Connected with teaching experiences, theories, and student learning realities from home so far, finally, we can identify efforts to develop strategic designs to support student learning from home as follows: 1) learning mindset and ownership, 2) situational awareness, 3) vision and learning innovation, 4) collaborative learning, 5) critical thinking skills, 6, 7) high commitment, 8) new learning skills, 9) knowledge resources, 10) independent learning management, 11) academic competency innovation, and 12) learning balance. These findings are valid and reliable because they have answered the research question. Therefore, these findings can serve as a relevant solution to support students learning from home while waiting for schools to reopen.
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- Article View: 717
- PDF Download: 325The role of natural killer (NK) cells in reproductive failure has been investigated extensively, but the topic remains controversial and poorly understood. NK cells are known to play an important protective role in cancer and infection, but the implications of high NK cell levels have not been studied with respect to these diseases. This study aimed to identify any differences in reproductive outcomes as well as general health and disease between women with high and normal NK cell parameters.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, occurring in 30% of pregnancies. Although the mechanism is unclear, several interrelated factors appear to increase the risk of spontaneous miscarriages, including higher luteinising hormone levels, obesity, hyperandrogenisation, insulin resistance and infertility treatments.
Few topics in recent reproductive medicine have been the subject of as much controversy, media attention and passionate debate as natural killer (NK) cells and their role in reproductive failure. The question of whether elevated NK cell levels are a cause of infertility and pregnancy loss, and whether they provide a potential target for therapy to improve reproductive outcomes, lacks a definitive answer. It is clear, however, that a significant number of women with reproductive failure have abnormal NK cell parameters reflecting high immunological activity.
Amongst all the debate, the wider implications of NK cell overactivity – and attempts to suppress it – have not yet been considered. The literature suggests that although elevated NK cell activity may not be conducive to reproduction, it could in fact be beneficial in other areas of health and disease such as cancer and infection. Further research is needed to determine whether this hypothesis holds true in women with NK cell-related reproductive failure.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation in IVF cycles has been a debated topic for many years [1-4]. Whilst follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) alone achieves adequate ovarian stimulation it is still possible that, in some circumstances, better results could be achieved with a combined approach.
Natural killer cell testing is currently practised widely, and there are studies indicating potential benefit in terms of targeting women with repeated reproductive failure for immune therapy. This may be a better approach than empirical immune therapy without any investigation. More and better studies are needed before such an approach can be fully endorsed.
In this retrospective study, between 2008 and 2013, couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage (≥3 first trimester miscarriages) were investigated comprehensively for known causes (karyotype, uterine, antiphospholipid syndrome, thrombophilia) and also by semen analysis, including DNA fragmentation [sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA)]. Statistical analysis was performed on SPSS software with significance taken as P < 0.05.原标题：闽东子弟兵“养伤来在沙家浜”
阳澄湖张家浜战斗纪念碑
吴立夏故里纪念碑
新四军阳澄湖后方医院
家喻户晓的苏州“沙家浜”36名伤病员中，有34人是来自闽东的优秀儿女。1938年前后，新四军奉命东进开辟根据地，当中的三支队六团是由坚持敌后三年游击战争的原闽东红军游击队组建而成的。为了防止国民党顽固派寻找借口破坏东进，陈毅决定让六团与当地受共产党影响的地方武装“江南抗日义勇军”(简称“江抗”)会合，并采用“江抗”名义东进。
“36位伤病员”由来
1939年5月1日，新四军六团团长叶飞奉命率部从茅山地区出发东进，先后通过黄土塘遭遇战、夜袭浒墅关火车站、火烧虹桥飞机场等战斗，打击了日伪的嚣张气焰。7月，六团在江苏武进南部的戴溪桥与江南抗日义勇军第二路军会合，成立“江抗”总指挥部。
“江抗”副总指挥叶飞率“江抗”二路1000多人到达无锡梅村后，中共江南特委派宫岳(翁迪民)向叶飞、林枫汇报工作。叶飞派“江抗”二路三营营长梁金华率部(100多名战士)随宫岳进入阳澄湖地区。此后，“江抗”二路部分队伍战斗、活动于阳澄湖地区，至10月初奉命西撤。
由于国民党顽固派寻衅滋事，“江抗”奉命西撤时，在沪宁路东阳澄湖畔留下一批伤病员，组成一个临时的新四军后方医院，由刘飞(“江抗”政治部主任)负责。夜袭上海虹桥飞机场一役中，刘飞被反弹回来的弹片击断了右胸几根肋骨。
那时，“江抗”第五路军参谋长夏光因连续作战彻夜不眠，导致本来身体就单薄的他体力不支而病倒，上级决定让他暂时前往阳澄湖畔的新四军后方医院休养。夏光便衣化装，只带了一名通讯员，通过“忠义救国军”的控制区，来到了三面环水的阳澄湖中的莲花垛(今苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇消泾村)上，与刘飞等战友会合。
没过几天，人称“吴老虎”的吴立夏(霞浦县水门乡小竹湾村大湾自然村
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فرانسه، چین و روسیه در اقدامی برای افزایش فشار بر جمهوری اسلامی در صدد تهیه بیانیه مشترک اخطارآمیزی هستند که در آن از دولت ایران خواسته می شود تحقیقاتی که به غنی سازی اورانیوم منجر می شود، از سر نگیرد.ورود تن پوش های خارجی برای کودکان در دوره ای که پوشاک کودکانه در ایران از تنوع بالایی برخوردار نبود مرسوم بود. این تن پوش زمستانه کتی است مناسب برای آب و هوای تهران در آن روزگار. ادوارد براون در سفرنامه خود به کودکان عشایری اشاره می کنند که عموما لباسی از پوست پوشیده اند. این کت از جنس پوست به رنگ کرم و قهوه ای است. آستر کت به رنگ قهوه ای و از جنس پارچه آستری بوده و برچسب پارچه ای بر روی آن دوخته شده که مشخصاتی به خط روسی و سال ۱۹۶۸ بر روی آن مشاهده می شود.
تجربه شخصی:
<p>این کت پوست در سال تولدم در روسیه برای من خریداری شد تا در سال های بعد پوشیده شود.</p>GENEVA, Switzerland, Sept. 22 (UPI) -- Physicists at Cern, Switzerland, home of the Large Hadron Collider, say it appears some subatomic particles are traveling faster than the speed of light.
In an experiment, neutrinos sent through the ground from Cern toward another laboratory more than 450 miles away seemed to arrive there a tiny fraction of a second earlier than the speed of light, long considered the universe's ultimate speed limit, the BBC reported Thursday.
The experimenters, who say their results will be posted online for other scientists to examine, are being cautious about their findings.
"We tried to find all possible explanations for this," report author Antonio Ereditato said.
"We wanted to find a mistake -- trivial mistakes, more complicated mistakes, or nasty effects -- and we didn't."
Much of modern physics theory, based largely on Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, is grounded on the idea that nothing can exceed the speed of light.
Ereditato and his colleagues, carrying out neutrino experiments for the last three years, have found the particles apparently showed up a few billionths of a second sooner than light would over the same distance.
The experiment has been repeated about 15,000 times, with results reaching a level of statistical significance that in scientific circles would count as a formal discovery, some researchers say.
But Ereditato remains cautious.
"We are not claiming things, we want just to be helped by the community in understanding our crazy result -- because it is crazy," he said.Space tourism signals the opening of a new frontier of space exploration- it allows us, non- scientists, non-astronauts, to travel to outer space and explore the vast cosmos of which we are but a tiny speck. The project was started by the Russian Federal Space Agency in the late-1990s. In 1997,
NASA had published an article discussing the grave impossibilities of sending largely untrained civilians into space and that such projects would be extremely expensive, the costs running into billions of dollars. Over the past one and half decades, many have not only proven this idea wrong but
also taken great strides to make space tourism easier, more efficient and more accessible. Till date, seven space tourists have visited the International Space Station(ISS), the first being Denis Tito, an American businessman. He went for eight days in the year 2001 to the ISS using the
aircrafts Soyuz 31 and 32. The second was Mark Shuttleworth in 2002. He was followed by Greg Olsen in 2005, Anousheh Ansari in 2006, the first female space tourist, Charles Simonyi in 2007, Richard Garriott in 2008, and Guy Laliberte in 2009. Unfortunately, the Russians stopped flights in
2010 due to the size of the crew in the ISS.
Various organizations are working on projects to revive the industry and send space tourist. Elon Musk’s Space-X has been working for over a decade on the Falcon rockets and Dragon capsules. Overcoming multitudinous setbacks, the company has achieved many laurels, successfully achieving the first re-launch and landing of a used orbital rocket and the the first controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing by the Falcon 9 launch vehicle earlier this year. The company is now working on a Moon loop trajectory flight, a flight Musk feels can be achieved by end-2018. American aircraft manufacturer Boeing is constructing the CST-100 that will regularly take civilians to space. Space Adventures is working on the DSE-Alpha spacecraft. Hotel Tycoon Robert Bigelow is working upon habitable capsules Genesis-1 and Genesis-2 which are being made and tested.
Virgin Galactic is a spacecraft company developing spacecraft for suborbital spaceflights for tourists and scientists. It is a venture of Sir Richard Branson’s Virgin group. Its SpaceShipTwo spacecraft takes 6 people, lasts two and a half hours, travels at a speed of Mach3 and reaches a
height of 360,000 feet (109.73 kilometers/69.18 miles). In October 2014, the VSS Enterprise spacecraft crashed in the Mojave Desert. Nevertheless, the company is determined to take its first commercial flight next year.
The environmental impact of such flights is much less known: a study has shown that if from any one location 1000 hybrid rockets are launched, 600 tonnes of black carbon will be discharged into the stratosphere. Hence, temperatures will decrease by 0.4 degrees Celsius in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics and temperatures will increase by 0.2 to 1.0 degrees Celsius in the Poles. The Ozone Layer will decrease by 1.7% in the southern hemisphere and the poles will gain 5-6% . Space Tourism indeed is a scientific marvel, it symbolises the very extent to which we can extend our scientific knowledge, combining our curiosity and knowledge of space with economic viability. Yet, it poses a pressing moral dilemma before us: Should we endanger a Global Warming- affected Planet Earth in pursuit of our scientific endeavours and passions?水质恶化后，水中的指环虫大量繁殖，寄生在鱼鳃上，出现呼吸急促、色泽暗淡的症状。 脊柱弯曲
很可能还是水质出了问题,导致了细菌感染,造成了细菌性烂鳍!
.细菌性烂鳃病
[病因] 一是原生动物、单殖吸虫、甲壳动物等引起;二是水生藻状菌，如鳃霉引起;三是由细菌引起。
[病原体] 鱼害粘球菌。
[症状] 病鱼鳃部常充满粘液，鳃丝和鳃盖骨内表皮均有出血现象，鳃丝由红变白，逐渐腐烂并带有污泥，最后发展到全鳃，使之失去呼吸功能而死亡。
[治疗方法] 可将病鱼放入百万分之二(2ppm)的呋喃西林，或百万分之十二点五(12.5ppm)的金霉素，或百万分之二十五 (25ppm)的土霉素、百万分之二十五(25ppm)的痢特灵等溶液中浸泡30分钟;或用11.5%浓度的氯胺丁0.02克溶于10千克水中，将鱼浸洗 15～20分钟!
以上这些药物都是在鱼已经开始烂鳍或者很严重的情况下使用,如果刚刚发现有一点苗头的话,可以采取换水,升温,下盐!
先换水3分之一,要保证水温,然后升温,把水温慢慢升至30度,再按千分之五的比例下海盐,但要在你的鱼缸里没有虹鱼混养的情况下!Le pecore sono state addomesticate nei tempi antichi - circa ottomila anni fa. I primi stormi di piccoli artiodattili apparvero sul territorio della moderna Siria, in Turchia, nelle regioni settentrionali della Mesopotamia. L'animale ha dato lana, carne, latte, pelle. Non sorprende che per molti anni gli allevatori si siano sforzati non solo di aumentare la produttività, ma anche di migliorare gli indicatori di qualità dei prodotti prodotti nell'industria ovina. È particolarmente vantaggioso mantenere gli animali con produttività combinata, ad esempio lana da carne, che include le pecore della razza Kuibyshev.
Gli allevatori sovietici dovevano affrontare il compito di ottenere animali forti, durevoli e altamente produttivi adatti all'allevamento in un clima altamente continentale. I lavori iniziarono nel 1936 e continuarono per 12 anni. Nel 1948, presso la stazione tribale statale di Koshkinskaya, il lavoro scrupoloso degli scienziati si concluse con successo: fu approvata la razza di pecore Kuibyshev.
Le razze originali erano, da un lato, le pecore inglesi romney-march, dall'altra - l'utero locale di Cherkasy. Entrambe le razze avevano le loro virtù, la cui combinazione prometteva di dare un buon risultato:
La marcia delle pecore di Romney iniziò ad essere importata in Russia a partire dalla metà del XIX secolo. Sfortunatamente, gli animali di razza hanno sofferto di carenza vitaminica. Molto probabilmente, questo è dovuto al fatto che nella loro terra natia le pecore erano praticamente tutto l'anno sul pascolo, ricevendo molta erba fresca. Per liberarsi del problema, è stato deciso di allevare una nuova razza basata su pecore locali.
Le miscele della prima e della seconda generazione hanno ereditato le migliori qualità dei loro genitori, ma il successivo allevamento di pecore non ha dato il risultato desiderato. Hanno iniziato a selezionare gli animali di maggior successo fino alla seconda generazione e allevarli "in se stessi". Quindi, la razza Kuibyshev è stata ottenuta.
La pecora di razza Kuibyshev (descritta sotto) si riferisce al gruppo dai capelli lunghi e dai capelli a pelo lungo e dai capelli fini. Le sue caratteristiche sono le seguenti:
L'allevamento delle pecore è uno dei più redditizi. industrie del bestiame. La rapida maturità degli animali, la loro fecondità e la qualità dei prodotti ottenuti da loro contribuiscono a un rapido ritorno sui costi. Questi indicatori sono piuttosto alti nella razza di pecore Kuibyshev. Caratteristiche della produttività:
Nel mantenere gli animali senza pretese. Durante la stagione dei pascoli, le greggi trascorrono la maggior parte della giornata all'aperto (fino a 15 ore). Bene, se puoi pascolare le pecore tutto il giorno. In questo caso, organizzano un abbeveratoio nel luogo di pascolo, installano capannoni, dove gli animali possono ripararsi dal maltempo o dal sole troppo caldo. La tosatura primaverile lascia il corpo dell'animale non protetto dalla luce solare diretta.
Durante il periodo di stallo, i locali devono soddisfare i seguenti requisiti sanitari:
Per mantenere il bestiame sano nella stanza dovrebbe essere asciutto. Gli animali sono in grado di resistere alle basse temperature, ma si ammalano se sono umidi nell'ovile.
Allevamento di pecore Kuibyshev adattato per un lungo soggiorno al pascolo. In primavera e in estate, il cibo principale è l'erba fresca. Pascolo al ritmo di almeno 3,5 m 2 di superficie pro capite con accesso libero all'acqua. Sale, gesso e altri integratori minerali dovrebbero essere presenti negli alimentatori tutto l'anno. Gli animali non mangiano troppo perché sono in grado di determinare autonomamente la loro tariffa giornaliera.
Nel periodo di stallo da roughage, fieno, paglia vengono utilizzati, da cereali, preferibilmente orzo. È meglio immergere mangimi speciali per le pecore in modo che la polvere non ostruisca le narici degli animali. Le colture di radice, l'insilato sarà adatto come succoso. È importante garantire agli animali l'accesso all'alimentatore (con una velocità di 25-30 cm per capo) e l'accesso gratuito 24 ore su 24 all'acqua. Gli ovili moderni sono spesso dotati di avtopilokami. Bevitori e abbeveratoi tenuti puliti.
Il contenuto comune degli agnelli con le madri darà ai giovani la possibilità di apprendere rapidamente tutto dagli adulti. Con un contenuto separato di agnelli, bevono latte per due settimane, quindi iniziano a introdurre fieno, cereali, erba verde nella dieta. La transizione finale al cibo "per adulti" si verifica all'età di 2,5 mesi. Un brusco cambiamento nella dieta è indesiderabile: può portare all'indigestione, fino alla morte degli animali.
Le pecore da riproduzione non sono particolarmente difficili. Il caso si svolge a metà o in autunno inoltrato. È ammessa solo una ram in un gruppo. Può concimare fino a 30 teste. Per un accoppiamento completo sufficiente un mese.
La sofferenza dura 19-20 settimane. L'agganciamento di massa avviene all'inizio della primavera. Così, al momento di andare al pascolo, gli agnelli potrebbero mangiare erba verde. La preparazione al parto comporta il taglio dei peli nell'area della mammella e della coda circa una settimana prima del parto. La temperatura nella sala parto deve essere di almeno 15 ° C. L'aiuto alla nascita viene fornito solo se necessario, di solito è necessario tagliare il cordone ombelicale e controllare che tutti gli agnelli siano ammessi alla mammella.
A proposito di quanto gli agnelli di Kuibyshev portino è un tasso di fertilità piuttosto elevato - 120-130%. Ciò significa che, in media, nascono fino a 130 agnelli su cento teste. L'aspettativa di vita è di 24 anni, ma gli animali mostrano una buona produttività fino a 8 anni. Alcuni esperti raccomandano di tenere gli animali per non più di quattro anni.
Per la riparazione di riproduttori selezionare il miglior rochek da giovane. Agnello da ingrasso per carne e rimosso dalla composizione del branco. Questo aiuta ad evitare l'accoppiamento strettamente correlato. I maschi vengono prelevati da altre mandrie.
Attualmente, il bestiame non è così numeroso come nel periodo sovietico. Migliaia di greggi furono tagliati, il che mise la razza sull'orlo dell'estinzione. Oggi, le pecore della razza Kuibyshev sono allevate nel territorio di Kuibysev, Ulyanovsk, Yaroslavl, regioni di Samara, in Tatarstan, Mordovia. Sono perfettamente adattati alle condizioni della regione del Volga e distribuiti nel bacino del Volga. Gli animali vengono allevati nei territori di altri paesi, in Bulgaria, Ucraina.
A giudicare dalle recensioni degli allevatori di bestiame, le pecore di Kuibyshev hanno diversi vantaggi:
Gli svantaggi sono:
In Russia vengono allevate più di cento razze di pecore. Ognuno di loro è vantaggioso a suo modo per l'una o l'altra regione. In un clima continentale con estate calda e freddo inverno, la razza ovina Kuibyshev sarà una scelta eccellente. Le risposte degli allevatori di pecore sono inequivocabili: si tratta di una razza eccellente per la fattoria personale e l'allevamento nelle fattorie. Nelle sue qualità di carne supera quelli domestici simili. Gli arieti sono spesso usati per migliorare il bestiame locale delle pecore, si sono dimostrati nell'incrocio.
Gli investimenti sono rapidamente rimborsati, 10 mesi dopo la nascita, gli animali sono pronti per il macello. Danno carne, sorprendente nel gusto, che è in costante domanda nel mercato moderno, il che rende esattamente redditizio allevare animali di questa razza. Altri pochi chilogrammi di lana di buona qualità da ogni individuo aumentano l'attrattiva e causano un uso diffuso della razza.来源：央广网 发布日期：2023-07-02 记者：刘梦雅
你知道吗？我们如今仰望夜空所看到的月亮，已经是一个“死亡”的星球了。实际上，星球也是有“生命”的，科学家们认为，当一个星球上的岩浆活动彻底停止后，它就相当于“死亡”了。所以说，我们赖以生存的地球目前还有岩浆活动，仍是具有生命力的，而月球早已经停止了岩浆活动。
那月球的生命结束于什么时候？早前，科学家通过阿波罗载人登月采集到的月球岩石以及月球陨石研究得出结论，月球最迟在28亿年前就停止了岩浆活动，而近两年，我国科研人员通过研究嫦娥五号月壤样品发现，月球在距今20亿年前仍喷发过滚烫的岩浆，将已知的月球地质寿命“延
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ılan ekipmanla çalışma hızına bağlıdır.
Bulgar önce bir kiremit kesici avantajları
Bir kiremit kesicisi veya taşlama makinesini kesmenin en iyi yolunu belirlemek için, her bir cihazın artılarını ve eksilerini göz önünde bulundurmanız gerekir.
Açı Öğütücü herhangi bir inşaat sahasında mevcut. Bu elektrikli aleti onarırken çok çeşitli pratik çalışmalar yapmanıza izin verir.Seramik veya klinker fayans, porselen karo, taş ve cam ile kesmek için, bu malzemeleri kesmek için tasarlanmış uygun diski monte edin.
Pratik erişilebilirlik ve farklı tipte karolarla çalışma yeteneği - bunlar öğütücünün ana avantajlarıdır. Ayrıca, bunu kullanan bir uzman, sadece farklı sonlandırma malzemelerini yüksek kalitede kesmekle kalmayıp, aynı zamanda, oldukça iyi işlenmiş kenarlara sahip çeşitli şekillerde delikler açabiliyor.
Çalışma sırasında büyük miktarda toz üretildiğine dikkat edilmelidir. Bu, kişisel koruyucu ekipmanların kullanılmasını gerektirir: gözlükler, başlıklar, solunum aygıtı ve özel kıyafetler (örneğin, shtrobleniya için bir takım elbise).
Açı değirmeni uygulaması sırasında çok dikkatli olmalısınız, çünkü bu elektrikli alet, ellerin dışına çıkarak ciddi yaralanmalara yol açabilir.
Değirmeni kiremit kesici ile karşılaştırıldığında aşağıdaki avantajları vardır:
- manuel takım modellerini kullanırken toz yok;
- Malzemeyi daha düzgün ve verimli bir şekilde kesmek için kullanılabilir. ince şeritler (1 cm kalınlığa kadar), çıkıştaki kusur sayısını azaltır;
- o çok kullanmak daha güvenli;
- eğer işlerinde uygun bir elektrikli kiremit kesici kullanacak olursa, tüm işlemler daha hızlı, daha kolay ve daha fazla rahatlıkla yapılabilir.
Bu avantajlara rağmen, nadir durumlarda kullanılmak üzere özel kiremit kesme ekipmanı satın almak ekonomik nedenlerden dolayı mantıklı değildir. Bu nedenle zanaatkârlar, çini kesiciler gibi, Bulgar cihazından kendi ellerini kendileri yapıyorlar.
Kiremit kesiciler türleri
Hangi kiremit kesici türlerinin, pratik kullanım için en uygun performans özelliklerine sahip cihazı seçmenize izin verdiğine dair bilgi. Fayans kesme aracı iki ana tipe ayrılmıştır:
- mekanik;
- Elektrik.
Mekanik usuller, etki yöntemi ile cam kesicilere benzemektedir. Çoğu elektrikli ünite dairesel testere benziyor, ancak şerit testereye benzer modifikasyonlar da var.
Mekanik aletler
Mekanik cihazlarla çalışmak, insan kas gücüsürücü yok.Mekanik ekipman birkaç çeşit ile temsil edilmektedir:
- masaüstü;
- manuel.
Masaüstü mekanik ürünler aşağıdaki yapısal parçalardan oluşmaktadır:
- masa;
- kesilen malzemeyi kırmak için tasarlanmış bir kol;
- taşıyıcı;
- kesme silindiri;
- pençeleri fayans presler.
İşaretlemeyi gerçekleştirmek için birçok ürün modelinde vardır.
Masaüstü modelleri düz bir çizgide kesmek ve 1,5 cm kalınlığa kadar cam veya fayans kesmek için kullanılır. Tüm süreç şu şekildedir:
- malzeme masaya yatırılır;
- bir kesme silindiri ile yapılır, bir kesim bırakılır;
- kolu indirerek - fayans kırma yapmak.
Masaüstü tipi sabit ürünler ile çalışır masaya sabit cıvatalar (onlar için delikler vardır) ya da hiç yoktur. İkinci seçenek sadece ince fayans veya ince cam keserken uygundur. Tablonun uzunluğundan, çalışabileceğiniz kiremitin maksimum boyutuna bağlıdır.
Masaüstü manuel ekipmanı dairesel bir kesici ile donatılmışsa, örneğin elektrik soketleri için 30-80 mm çapında yuvarlak deliklerin kesilmesi için kullanılabilir.
El aletleri, sırasıyla, 2 tipe ayrılır:
- Tel kesiciler;
- kesme silindiri.
pense Örneğin bir kaide veya boru altında kiremit veya camda (8 mm'ye kadar kalınlıkta) kavisli kesimler yapın. Bunların kullanımı benzer işlerin becerilerini gerektirir, aksi takdirde malzemeye kolayca zarar verebilirsiniz.
Kesme silindiri Ağırlıkla bile, 10 mm kalınlığa kadar cam veya fayans ile çalışabilirsiniz. Bu el yapımı cihaz ile hem düz hem de şekilli kesimler yapılır.
Elektrik ekipmanları
Elektrikli ekipman tasarımı aşağıdaki bileşenleri içerir:
- elektrik motoru;
- bir disk ile donatılmış testere kafası;
- masa
Elektrik ekipmanları donatmak elmas diskler.
Malzemelerin işlenmesinde aşırı ısının önüne geçmek için güçlü üniteler su soğutması ile üretilir.
Hareketlilik güç araçları derecesine göre, aşağıdaki gruplara ayrılmıştır:
- elektrik kesiciler manuel modelleri;
- makine aletleri.
Elektrikli kesiciler manuel modelleri 3-5 kg ağırlığındadır. Dairesel testerelere çok benziyorlar. Bir kasa ile korunan diskleri 11.000 ila 13.000 rpm arasında bir hızda dönüyor. Böyle bir güç aleti, kullanışlı bir sap, ayarlanabilir kesme açısı ve penetrasyon derinliği ile donatılmıştır.Bazı modellerin taban tabanları silindirlere sahiptir, böylece makine karo yüzeyinde kolayca hareket ettirilebilir. Bir dizi ürün ayrıca, çalışmalarının rahatlığını artıran paralel durdurucular ile donatılmıştır.
Ağ modifikasyonlarına ek olarak, bağımsız akü analoglarını, örneğin RYOBI LTS180 M, Makita 4191 DWD, Makita CC 300 DWE'yi de satın alabilirsiniz.
Manuel modeller, toz toplayıcı veya elektrikli süpürgeyi bunlara bağlayarak veya ıslak yöntemi kullanarak kuru olarak çalıştırılabilir. İkinci durumda, sıvının altındaki tank üstte bulunur. Bu nedenle, yerçekimi ile su beslemesine sahip manuel tip elektrikli ocak sadece yatay bir düzlemde çalışırken çalıştırılabilecektir.
Masaüstü elektrikli kiremit kesici taşınabilir makineler anlamına gelir. Testere kafasının ve elektrik motorunun konumuna bağlı olarak elektrikle çalışan çini kesme makinesi, bu tip modellere ayrılır:
- üst yerleşimle;
- Alt düzenleme ile.
Elektrik motorunun üst konumu ile teknik iki tipe ayrılmıştır:
- testere kafasının sabitlendiği konsol ve masayı iş parçası ile hareket ettirir;
- motorun diskle birlikte hareket ettiği kaldırım.
En İyi Modeller Malzemelerin doğru ve yüksek kalitede işlenmesini sağlar. Soğutucunun sirkülasyonu, küçük bir pompanın varlığıyla sağlanır.
Sahip birimleri motor altGenellikle daha az ağırlık ve ebada sahiptir ve sürücünün üst yerleşimi ile analoglardan daha ucuzdur. Bu tip kiremit kesici porselen, cam, seramik için tasarlanmıştır. Diskin çalışma kısmı masadan dışarı çıkıyor. Soğutulması, altındaki tavada suya daldırılmasından kaynaklanır. İş parçası kılavuzlar boyunca hareket ettirilir.
Yaygın olmayan ekipman türleri
Çeşitli malzemeleri kesmek konusunda uzmanlaşmış kuruluşların yukarıdaki ekipman türlerine ek olarak, bu tür kurulumları bulabilirsiniz:
- taş kesici;
- lazer ve su kiremit kesici.
Beton, taş ve 60 cm kalınlığında diğer levhalar taş kesiciyle işlenir.
Lazer kiremit kesici Gerekirse, örneğin porselen kumtaşından mozaik oluşturmak için karmaşık (şekilli) kesim kullanırlar.Böyle bir alet kalın levhaları kesebilir. Benzer amaçlar için geçerlidir ve su kiremit kesici. Çalışma prensibi, kesme malzemelerinin hidroabrazif yönteminde yatmaktadır.
Mekanik ve elektrikli aletlerin karşılaştırılması
Manuel modellerin avantajları şunlardır:
- elektriksel analoglara kıyasla daha düşük maliyet (demirbaşların fiyatı 300 ila 7.000 ruble arasında değişmektedir);
- İş operasyonlarını güçlü bir nemlendirme havasıyla güvenle gerçekleştirme kabiliyeti (% 90'a kadar);
- Malzemeyi keserken toz oluşmaz, bu nedenle bir solunum cihazı gerekmez;
- küçük boyutlar;
- operasyon sırasında gürültü yok;
- hafif (0.2-9).
Kompakt boyutlar ve düşük ağırlık, mekanik cihazı depolamayı ve taşımayı kolaylaştırır.
El işlerinin dezavantajı işlenmiş malzemelerin sınırlı kalınlığı. Ayrıca yardımlarıyla, 6 mm veya daha az genişliğe sahip şeritleri kesmek neredeyse imkansızdır. Büyük miktarda çalışma ile tüm süreç elektrikli aletler kullanıldığında olduğundan çok daha yavaş olacaktır.
Elektrikli ekipman, porselen çömlek, seramik, taş, camı 1,5 cm'den daha kalın kesebilen güçlü bir elektrikli alettir.Bu tür cihazları kullanarak, sadece doğru düz kesimler yapamazsınız, aynı zamanda 45 derecelik bir açıda malzeme eğrileri de yapabilirsiniz. Boşluklarının tamamen kesilmesinden dolayı kenarlar yuvarlanır. Ayrıca, elektrikli cihazlar kullanılırken, işlenmekte olan malzemenin orijinaline ait değilse hemen hemen hiçbir çıkış hatası yoktur. Elektrikli aletin çalışması sadece biraz çaba gerektirir. Toz neredeyse yok.
Ekipmanın eksiklikleri şunlardır:
- mekanik cihazlar ile karşılaştırıldığında büyük kütle, boyut ve fiyat;
- diskin dönme yanlış ayarı yontulabilir;
- Çalışmaya farklı boyutlarda gürültü eşlik eder (seviyesi kullanılan modele bağlıdır);
- Güvenlik yönetmeliklerine uyum için artan gereksinimler.
Hangi soru daha iyi - manuel karo kesme veya elektrik, tamamen doğru değil. Elektrikli el aleti, elbette performans ve teknik özelliklerinden daha üstündür. Ancak sadece büyük, düzenli iş miktarları. Operasyonu ayrıca hava nem seviyesi ve kesme alanının yakınında yanıcı veya patlayıcı maddelerin varlığı ile de sınırlıdır. Elektrik şebekesine erişim yoksa, mekanik bir cihaz satın almak daha iyidir.
Elektrikli soba seçmek hangi özellikleri
Bir elektrikli kiremit kesici seçmek kolay bir iş değildir, çünkü pazar farklı markalardan farklı tipteki ürünlerle doldurulur. Bu elektrikli aletin aşağıdaki teknik özelliklerine göre yönlendirilmelidir:
- güç;
- disk çapı;
- devrimlerin sayısı;
- kesme derinliği.
Evsel kullanım için, 80 ila 150 mm'lik bir montaj diski çapı ile 750 ila 1500 W kapasiteli bir kiremit kesici seçmeniz yeterlidir. Böyle bir güç aleti 2-4 cm derinliğinde kesimler yapmanıza izin verir.Bu karo, cam, ince taş kesmek için yeterlidir.
Çalışmayı planladığınız daha kalın malzeme, disklerin gücü ve çapı, satın alınan üniteden daha büyük olmalıdır.
Seramik fayans, taş, porselen, 3000 dev / dak.
Ürünün bir kalitesi olmalı su penetrasyon korumasıçünkü çoğu zaman iş ıslaktır. Aşırı yüklere (özellikle gösterge ile) ve yanlışlıkla çalıştırmaya karşı koruma olduğunda iyidir. Bu tekniği daha dayanıklı hale getirir ve iş akışı daha güvenlidir.
içinde makine teçhizatı Hangi karo boyutu ile çalışacağınızı belirleyen tablonun boyutlarını da dikkate almalısınız. Aynı zamanda bu ünitenin yapı kalitesi, yüzeyden kirlerin temizlenmesi kolaylığı da göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Elektrikli sürücünün üst düzenlemesine sahip takım tezgahlarının modelleri için, su altında büyük bir tankın bulunduğu ekipman, bir lazer işaretçi olarak kabul edilir.
Araç ipuçları
Nispeten ucuz ama iyi bir seçenek ev kullanımı için - El elektrikli ocak almak. Onun 2 tutamağı olması arzu edilir: Bu, hareketi üzerinde kontrolü artıracaktır. Kelepçenin varlığı kesimin derinliğini ayarlamanıza izin verecektir. Su soğutması da önemli bir unsurdur ve çalışma sırasında tozun önemli ölçüde azalmasına katkıda bulunur.
Planlanmış ise yarı profesyonel hatta profesyonel faaliyetdaha sonra uygun fiyatlı, iyi bir seçenek düşük bir sürücü pozisyonu ile sabit elektrikli ekipman satın almaktır.
Yüksek verimli inşaat ekibi ile çalışmak, masaüstü taşınabilir ekipmanların çalışmasına izin verecektir.
Bir ocak seçerken, böyle bir fırsat varsa, favori modelinizi kontrol etmeniz önerilir. test kesimi. Sonuç yüksek kalitede ise, ürünü satın alabilirsiniz. Seçime hızla gitmenin en kolay yolu, elektrikli el aletlerinin popüler modellerine genel bir bakış sağlamaktır. Yerli ve profesyonel kullanım için en iyi seçenekler belirtilecektir. Ürünlerin fiyatı markaya bağlıdır. Genellikle ev kullanımı için ürünler 6000 rubleye kadar maliyetten hesaplanır.There is probably not a person alive today who has not told a lie or at the very least misrepresented the truth to some extent.It may have been unintentional or it may have been told to save someone else's feelings, but the truth is that humans have to capacity to lie. Even the youngest of children will lie if they feel that they can escape punishment by doing so. No child is born knowing how to lie, but he/she learns at an early age through the observation of parents or older siblings.
Lying takes several forms and is justified by the liar for so many different reasons. Perhaps one of the most used forms of lying is exaggeration. Most of the time these lies are told to impress someone or to gain "one up" on the person to whom he is speaking. Fish stories are great examples of exaggeration at its best.
It is understandable that someone who lives an anonymous boring life and who has never experienced any fame or admiration might formulate stories to either gain praise or sometimes sympathy for himself, but it is much harder to understand why prominent political figures would fabricate stories of accomplishments or brag about military service that never took place. The polical arena is packed with examples of famous liars.
Recently education has become infested by plagiarism. The problem has become so severe that colleges and universities have had to instate numerous new rules and regulations for the completetion of essays and term papers. The availability of these items online for a nominal fee has made liars and cheats out of many students who otherwise might not have been tempted to seek outside sources. The students who have plagiarized and been caught have given the reason that they did not have the time required in order to complete a good paper. It is obvious that these students are only cheating themselves, because their reputation at the school is destroyed and they themselves have lost the ability to think for themselves in the future.
Greed causes many people to lie. Obvious reasons might be for monetary gain, but many liars do it to obtains status and prestige for themselves or for others. Mothers, for example, sometimes lie and cheat in order to help their daughters become cheerleaders or models. These are sad stories indeed, because the mother is perpetuating the lying by showing the daughter that honesty does not always "pay".
One of the most insidious forms of lying is compulsive lying. This type of deception is so difficult for most people to understand. The compulsive liar will lie when there is no reason. In fact, in most cases the truth would serve them better. It is incomprehensible that there are men and women who actually enjoy lying and feel that it makes them superior to the person being lied to. This is a way for them to gain control over
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. These three African-American women taught me that I could accomplish anything I tried. They commanded respect and were intelligent and hardworking women.
My philosophy is basically to harm no one and I am driven by a desire to right wrongs and to ensure that those who are disenfranchised have their say. I’m currently retired after 40-plus years of work. Now I’m writing the book about the movement which I have wanted to do for a very long time.
I would like to tell these girls and women to keep fighting, keep at it, no matter what happens, no matter what they come up against. Never take ‘no’ for an answer.”L’ufficio del procuratore generale degli Stati Uniti ha diffuso di recente alcune nuove foto di Osama bin Laden, il fondatore e capo di al Qaida ucciso in un raid americano ad Abbottabad, in Pakistan, nel maggio del 2011. Le foto risalgono al novembre del 1996: furono scattate dal giornalista palestinese Abdel Barri Atwan a Bora Tora, una zona montagnosa dell’Afghanistan dove era nascosto bin Laden. L’ufficio del procuratore le ha mostrate per la prima volta durante il processo che si sta tenendo a New York contro Khalid al Fawwaz, un saudita membro di al Qaida accusato di essere coinvolto nell’attentato alle ambasciate americane di Tanzania e Kenya del 1998.
Nel 1996 un piccolo giornale pubblicato a Londra raccontò della prima fatwa emessa da Osama bin Laden: il giornale era Al-Quds Al-Arabi, fondato e diretto dal giornalista palestinese Abdel Barri Atwan. Dopo la pubblicazione della fatwa, Atwan fu contattato da Khalid al Fawwaz, che in quel periodo si occupava di coordinare le comunicazioni e le attività di al Qaida a Londra. Fawwaz chiese ad Atwan se era interessato ad avere un’intervista con Bin Laden. Nel 2006 Atwan raccontò in un’intervista al giornalista di CNN Peter Bergen come reagì alla richiesta: «Mi fu detto che Osama bin Laden apprezzava i miei testi, gli piaceva il mio stile e voleva incontrarmi personalmente. Non ero sicuro di volerlo fare, era molto pericoloso». Atwan alla fine accettò.
In quegli anni Bin Laden non era ancora il terrorista più ricercato al mondo: la sua identità era conosciuta, ma il suo nome non era ancora stato incluso nella lista dei terroristi compilata dal governo statunitense. L’attenzione in Occidente su di lui e sulla sua organizzazione sarebbe aumentata solo due anni più tardi, con l’attentato alle ambasciate americane di Dar es Salaam, in Tanzania, e Nairobi, in Kenya, dove furono uccise 224 persone e ci furono circa 4mila feriti.
Nel novembre del 1996 Atwan prese un aereo per l’Afghanistan e dopo sette ore di viaggio su una Toyota rossa arrivò al nascondiglio di Bin Laden. Atwan incontrò Bin Laden in una specie di grotta piuttosto piccola, arredata in maniera molto semplice ed essenziale, ad eccezione di una libreria con molti testi sacri sull’Islam (la stessa che si vede in alcuni dei video diffusi in quegli anni da bin Laden). Dopo una cena a base di formaggio e pane, Atwan si ritrovò a dormire su un materasso in una grotta, appoggiato su scatole di granate. Atwan raccontò a Bergen: «Bin Laden amava la natura di quel posto. Amava la montagna. Loro stavano provando a creare la loro comunità, a coltivare il loro cibo. È come un’oasi in Afghanistan». Riguardo Bin Laden, Atwan disse invece che aveva percepito la sua vulnerabilità rispetto alla sorveglianza delle agenzie di intelligence straniere: «Pensavo che non sarebbe durato. Non era particolarmente protetto. Era esposto e si muoveva liberamente. [Quando l’ho visitato] non ho mai pensato che sarebbe diventato l’uomo più pericoloso del mondo».
Le fotografie scattate da Atwan mostrano Bin Laden rilassato, anche sorridente, mentre si trova sia all’interno che all’esterno del suo nascondiglio. Nelle foto si vede anche il siriano Mustafa Setmariam Nasar, conosciuto come Abu Musab al Suri, un influente ideologo del jihad globale che oggi ha tra i 50 e i 60 anni ma che non si vede in pubblico da almeno un decennio. Le fotografie che Atwan fece durante la sua visita al nascondiglio di bin Laden furono scoperte due anni dopo dagli investigatori di Scotland Yard, durante una perquisizione a casa di Fawwaz. Atwan ha raccontato di nuovo del suo incontro con bin Laden al processo che si sta tenendo a New York contro Fawwaz.آمیبیازیس (اسهال آمیبی) یک بیماری ناشی از انگل انتامبا هیستولیتیکا است. این بیماری می تواند هر کسی را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد، اگر چه در افرادی که در مناطق گرمسیری با شرایط بهداشتی فقیر زندگی می کنند شایع تر است.
تشخیص این بیماری مشکل باشد زیرا انگل های دیگر می توانند وقتی در زیر میکروسکوپ قرار گیرند بسیار شبیه به انتامبا هیستولیتیکا دیده شوند.
افراد آلوده همیشه بیمار نمی شوند. اگر دکتر شما تشخیص دهد که شما آلوده هستید و نیاز به درمان دارید ، دارو نیز برای درمان این بیماری در دسترس است.
چه کسی در خطر ابتلای به آمیبیازیس است؟
اگر چه هر کسی می تواند به این بیماری مبتلا شود ، ولی این بیماری در افرادی که در مناطق گرمسیری با شرایط بهداشتی فقیر زندگی می کنند شایع تر است. در ایالات متحده، اسهال آمیبی بیشتر در این افراد شایع تر است:
- افرادی که به مکان های گرمسیری که شرایط نامناسب بهداشتی دارند، سفر کرده اند
- مهاجران از کشورهای گرمسیری که شرایط نامناسب بهداشتی دارند
- افرادی که در مکان هایی زندگی می کنند که شرایط نامناسب بهداشتی دارند
عامل بیماری آمیبیازیس چیست؟
چندین گونه تک یاخته در جنس انتامبا ادر بدن انسان حضور دارند ، اما حضور همه آنها با بیماری همراه نیست. انتامبا هیستولیتیکا که به عنوان یک آمیب های بیماری زا به رسمیت شناخته شده، با عفونت های روده و خارج روده ای، در ارتباط است . گونه های دیگر بسیار مهم هستند زیرا آنها ممکن است در تشخیصی با گونه انتامبا هیستولیتیکا اشتباه گرفته شوند.
چگونه اشخاص به بیماری آمیبیازیس مبتلا می شوند؟
- قرار دادن هر چیزی در دهان که با مدفوع (مدفوع) فرد آلوده به بیماری آمیبیازیس، تماس داشته است.
- بلع موادی مانند آب یا مواد غذایی ، که با انگل انتامبا هیستولیتیکا آلوده شده باشند.
- بلع کیست انتامبا هیستولیتیکا از سطوح آلوده یا انگشتان دست آلوده
نشانه های بیماری آمیبیازیس چیست؟
تنها حدود ۱۰٪ تا ۲۰٪ از افرادی که با انگل انتامبا هیستولیتیکا آلوده شده اند، بیمار می شوند. نشانه ها اغلب خفیف هستند و می تواند شامل مدفوع شل ، درد معده، گرفتگی عضلات معده باشد.
اسهال خونی آمیبی، شکل شدید اسهال آمیبی در ارتباط با درد معده، مدفوع خونی (مدفوع) و تب است. به ندرت، انتامبا هیستولیتیکا با حمله به کبد باعث آبسه (تجمع چرک) می شود. در تعداد کمی از موارد، نشان داده شده است که این عفونت به سایر قسمت های بدن، مانند ریه و یا مغز گسترش یافته است ولی این بسیار غیر معمول و نادر است.
اگر شخص آلوده به این انگل شود سریعا به آمیبیازیس مبتلا می شود؟
تنها حدود ۱۰٪ تا ۲۰٪ از افرادی که با انگل انتامبا هیستولیتیکا آلوده شده اند، بیمار می شوند. افراد بیمار معمولا به علائم در عرض ۲ تا ۴ هفته دچار می شوند که هر چند، گاهی اوقات این علائم می تواند طول بکشد.
تشخیص این بیماری به چه صورت است؟
برای این منظور پزشک از شما یک نمونه (مدفوع) را درخواست می کند . از آنجا که انتامبا هیستولیتیکا همیشه در هر نمونه مدفوع یافت نمی شود ، از شما ممکن است چندین نمونه مدفوع از چند روز متفاوت خواسته شود . یک آزمایش خون نیز برای تشخیص موجود است اما تنها هنگامی این ازمایش انجام می گیرد که پزشک فکر می کند که ممکن است عفونت به خارج از روده (روده) وبه برخی ارگان های دیگر بدن و، مانند کبد گسترش یابد . با این حال، این آزمایش خون ممکن است در تشخیص بیماری فعلی شما سودمند باشد چرا که آزمون اگر شما سابقه ی اسهال آمیبی در گذشته داشته اید ، حتی اگر شما در حال حاضر آلوده نیستید، می تواند مثبت باشد.
درمان این بیماری به چه صورتی انجام می پذیرد؟
اگر شخصی می خواهد که به یک کشور که شرایط نامناسب بهداشتی دارد سفر کند، برای اینکه به انگل انتاموبا هیستولیتیکا و سایر میکروب ها آلوده نشود، چه باید بخورد و بیاشامد؟
موارد سالم برای نوشیدن عبارت اند از:
- بطری آب با مهر و موم ناگسستنی
- آب لوله کشی که برای حداقل ۱ دقیقه جوشیده شود
- آب گازدار از قوطی یا بطری مهر و موم شده
- نوشیدنی (مانند سودا) از قوطی یا بطری مهر و موم شده
شما همچنین می توانید آب سالم برای نوشیدن را از طریق فیلتر کردن آن از طریق یک فیلتر “۱ میکرون یا کمتر” و یا انحلال کلر، دی اکسید کلر، و یا قرص ید در آب تهیه کنید.
موارد زیر برای نوشیدن ایمن نیستند:
- آب نوشیدنی و یا هر نوشیدنی همراه با تکه های یخ
- میوه تازه یا سبزیجات که شما خودتان پوست نگرفته اید
- محصولات شیر، پنیر، و یا فراورده های لبنی که ممکن است پاستوریزه نشده باشند.
- محصولات غذایی و یا نوشیدنی های فروخته شده توسط فروشندگان خیابانی
آیا فرد باید نگران گسترش آلودگی به دیگران باشد؟
بله، اما اگر فرد آلوده با آنتی بیوتیک ها و روش بهداشت شخصی خوب درمان شود،خطر انتشار عفونت کم است . این موارد شامل شستن کامل دست ها با آب و صابون پس از استفاده از توالت یا بعد از تعویض پوشک بچه و قبل از دست زدن و یا آماده کردن غذا است.
منبع : CDC
این مقاله توسط مجله قرمز به صورت اختصاصی، ترجمه شده است. در صورتی که این مطلب، برای شما مفید بود، لطفا نظرات، انتقادات و موضوعات مورد علاقه پیشنهادی خود را با ما به اشتراک بگذارید.From 1911 to 1915, a small amount of uranium ore from Radium Hill in South Australia was chemically processed at Hunter’s Hill, New South Wales, to extract the valuable radium. Radium is a radioactive decay product from uranium, and has a high radioactive intensity due to its half life of 1601 years. At the time, radium was worth some 300,000 pounds per ounce − compare to gold which was only 4 pounds per ounce. So it is easy to understand why so much effort was spent in trying to extract an element which is only found at concentrations of milligrams per tonne. Although records are incomplete, it is estimated that some 2,000 tonnes of uranium ore was transported from Radium Hill to Hunters Hill and no more than 1-2 grams of radium was produced, along with several tonnes of uranium oxide as a by-product.
After abandonment in 1915, the adjacent land was converted to a tin smelter, which operated until 1964. At this time, the area was considered for residential housing and an assessment by the Australian Atomic Energy Commission (AAEC, now ANSTO) concluded this was safe with respect to radiation risks. In the late 1970s, however, with greater public knowledge of the science behind radiation exposure, major concerns were raised about radiation risks at the site − surveys showed the obvious presence of uranium tailings from the radium processing.
The NSW Government bought several houses, demolished those on 7 and 9 Nelson Parade, but failed to undertake a complete site remediation. A NSW Upper House Inquiry in 2008 covered the history and nature of the site in detail, but there was still no public plan for remediation. In late 2011, the NSW Government began a process towards remediation, but that process has been the subject of controversy and opposition, particularly around a proposed site for storage of radioactive waste from Hunters Hill. It can be expected that of the order of 2,000 tonnes of radioactive waste would be generated by any site clean-up, with a similar radioactivity to tailings at the Ranger uranium mine.
Children and adults alike have been exposed to radiation from the contaminated Hunters Hill site and many are understandably angry about the decades of deceit and obfuscation. The NSW Health Commission covered up the dangers of Hunters Hill. An internal memo in 1977 told staff to “stall and be non-committal” when responding to queries. Residents were told there was “no logical reason” to carry out radiation or health tests even though the NSW government knew that there were compelling reasons to do so. A senior public servant told officials that radiation testing should continue “provided that in so doing we do not conspicuously draw attention to ourselves and we do not discuss the matter with other persons, such as the council, until further advised”.
Uranium smelter’s legacy moves on
Ben Cubby, 16 December 2012, http://www.smh.com.au/environment/uranium-smelters-legacy-moves-on-20121215-2bgb3.html
THE controversial clean-up of a radioactive site in Hunters Hill is set to begin early next year, with any hazardous waste to be moved from the harbourside suburb to Lidcombe, the NSW government says. The contaminated properties in Nelson Parade – once the site of a uranium smelter – have been a thorn in the side of residents and governments for nearly a century.
After years of denials from successive governments about the extent of the contamination, the clean-up will now be extended to include suspected radioactive hot spots in neighbouring backyards and at the harbour foreshore.
The Premier, Barry O’Farrell, all but ruled out dumping the contaminated dirt at a Kemps Creek waste facility in western Sydney last year, in the face of protests from Penrith residents and councillors.
But the new plan involves reclassifying most of the contaminated earth as ”restricted solid waste”, allowing it to be trucked to Kemps Creek. Any material that is shown to be dangerously radioactive will be taken to a secure storage facility in Lidcombe, operated by the Office of Environment and Heritage.
- NSW Upper House Inquiry: http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/Prod/parlment/committee.nsf/0/8C6EFA4FA782EDC5CA25744B0007DA3B
- Current projects: Hunters Hill, http://www.lpma.nsw.gov.au/spa/our_business/current_projects
- Lidcombe residents gather in force to protest nuclear waste plans, http://parramatta-advertiser.whereilive.com.au/news/story/lidcombe-residents-gather-in-force-to-protest-nuclear-waste-plans
- Radioactive homes need rules, 05 October 2009, http://www.sciencealert.com.au/news/20090510-19932.html
- Uranium tests kept secret, inquiry hears, 4 July 2008, http://ntne.ws/articles/article.php?id=3227
- Owners of uranium-laced land to sue Government, 11 December 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/owners-of-uraniumlaced-land-to-sue-government/2008/12/10/1228584929906.html
- Records raise fears over smelter site’s toxic legacy, February 26, 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/records-raise-fears-over-smelter-sites-toxic-legacy/2008/02/25/1203788248562.html
- If asked about radiation, stall: official tactic, 3 March 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/if-asked-about-radiation-stall-official-tactic/2008/03/02/1204402275131.html
- Luxury home is too radioactive to live in, June 25, 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/news/environment/luxury-home-is-too-radioactive-to-live-in/2008/06/24/1214073246944.html
- Home owners plan to sue after tests find radiation hot spots, April 19, 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/home-owners-plan-to-sue-after-tests-find-radiation-hot-spots/2008/04/18/1208025479619.html
- Nuclear dump: family seeks answers on deaths, April 12, 2008, http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2008/04/11/1207856832354.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1
- Uranium site to be cleansed, March 27, 2009, http://www
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summit in December 2002.
The 4th summit was held in the town of Lamitan on the island of Basilan. The choice was not accidental. Basilan and the neighbouring Sulu and Tawi-Tawi islands have been the centre of the activities of the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG). Unlike the MNLF and the MILF, which are national liberation movements, the ASG is a fundamentalist Islamic group with links to Al-Qaeda that engages in terrorist actions - bombings, killings, kidnappings. Its origins are obscure and government agents provocateurs are widely thought to have played a role in creating it. Today its activities are systematically inflated and used by the government to fan anti-Muslim feeling and insecurity, in order to justify the presence of Philippine troops and 5,000 American 'advisers' in what Washington has defined as the latest front in its 'war against terror'.
Lamitan was the scene of a siege and several deaths in 2001 when militants of the ASG held their foreign hostages in a local hospital. Nevertheless the 55 per cent of Christians and 45 per cent of Muslims that make up the town's population live harmoniously together. It was to counterpose this reality to the government and media inspired hysteria that Lamitan was chosen for the summit, and the participants received a warm and friendly welcome from the municipality and the people of the town.
For five days, the more than 500 people at the summit, all but a handful of them from Mindanao and the surrounding islands, discussed how to work for a peaceful and democratic solution to the conflict in Mindanao. Representatives of both the MNLF and the MILF, as well as of the Lumad peoples, took part. There were also organisations of youth, women and popular organisations who are active on issues of peace, health, education and economic development. The main discussion in the summit centred on the question of self-determination and of finding a peaceful solution to the conflict. But other issues were raised - Muslim women vigorously posed the issue of equality, to the obvious discomfort of some of the more traditionally-minded men.
One session of the summit reported on the peace negotiations between the RPMM and the government. A ceasefire had been signed in 2005 and agreement was reached on its application and monitoring in a meeting shortly after the summit. But unlike some armed groups, the RPMM does not see things from a purely military point of view. It makes a definitive agreement and disarmament conditional on the government fulfilling its promises to provide the resources to tackle the social problems in the areas where the RPMM operates - health, housing, employment, etc. Furthermore it lets the people in those areas define what their needs are.
The fight for peace in Mindanao is inseparable from the question of economic and social development. At present the level of armed conflict is quite low and the government is negotiating with both the MNLF and the MILF. It is possible, though far from certain, that a new agreement on autonomy for the Bangsa Moros will be reached. But peace is not just the absence of war. A lasting peace means not only respecting the rights of the Moros and the Lumad, it also means putting an end to all the forms of poverty, inequality and injustice which breed violence. Mindanao is potentially a very rich island, but its natural wealth needs to be owned and controlled by its people and not as at present by an alliance of corrupt politicians, landowners and the multinationals.Chord progressions are the foundation and basis for pretty much every song ever written.
And the types of chords used in the progression can affect the mood of the song. I’m going to show you how to write your own chord progressions to reflect different moods.
The three moods we’ll focus on are Happy, Sad and more Hopeful. And I’ll be showing these chords in the key of G. But I’ll be using the number system, so you can transpose them to any key you like.
For a lesson on how to do that, click here.
You probably already know that this progression is going to feature major chords. That’s because major chords are ‘happy’ sounding chords.
So to create a happy sounding chord progression you can simply use the I - IV and V chords (or 1-4-5). Each one of these chords is a major chord, and they work together in any order to create a happy sound.
Depending on how you play them, you can also add more energy or enthusiasm to the progression.
Sad chords are minor chords, right? So for a sad-sounding chord progression, we need a minor chord.
And to make it even sadder, we’ll start the progression with the minor chord. This will make our ears think of the minor chord as the ‘home base’ chord.
This progression will start on the vi chord (minor 6th), and looks like this:
vi - IV - I - V
So you can see that while there is only one minor chord in the progression, it creates a sad sound because we are starting with it. This is an extremely common progression in popular music.
To make it even sadder, we can add another minor chord. This time the iii chord (minor 3rd) so it would be:
vi - iii - V - IV
Super moody and sad.
This chord progression combines elements of the previous ones but focuses on creating a really hopeful feeling.
This is another super common progression, and goes like this:
IV - V - vi - I
The sense of progression as we’re stepping up form the major 4 to the minor 6th is like a hopeful lift before it settles back down to the I chord.
These are just a couple of options that you can try to experiment with. The real fun comes when you start making them your own.
Just think about what types of chords you are using and what ‘purpose’ they have. Are they happy chords? Sad chords? What feeling are you trying to convey?
Once you have your progression down, then you can start working on a melody. We have a lesson on that right here.I veicoli elettrici si sono diffusi e, nel frattempo, sono diventati quasi impossibili da acquistare. Di conseguenza, sono stati ampiamente superati dalle biciclette elettriche, che hanno continuato la loro marcia verso l’accettazione popolare. I prezzi della benzina hanno fatto le loro montagne russe. Così come i tassi di interesse. Le società di AV si sono espanse, si sono ritirate e hanno sostanzialmente disorientato le nostre aspettative. Le agenzie di trasporto hanno lottato per tornare a livelli pre-pandemia, ma forse gli autobus saranno presto gratuiti? Tesla ci ha mostrato un robot, ha perso miliardi di dollari di valore e ha guardato con invidia il suo amministratore delegato che ha trovato un nuovo giocattolo con cui giocare.
Sono successe molte altre cose, ma onestamente, chi vuole soffermarsi sul passato?
Sono successe molte altre cose, ma onestamente, chi vuole soffermarsi sul passato? Qui The VergePer questo motivo ho pensato che sarebbe stato interessante contattare alcune delle mie persone intelligenti preferite nel settore dei trasporti per conoscere le loro previsioni per il 2023.
I prezzi delle auto si stabilizzeranno? La Cina supererà gli Stati Uniti nella tecnologia dei veicoli autonomi? Un numero maggiore di persone abbandonerà i loro noiosi SUV e minivan per le gioie incontenibili di una bici da carico elettrica? Basta con le mie chiacchiere; lasciamo che i nostri esperti ci dicano cosa vedono nelle loro sfere di cristallo.
Doug DeMuro, YouTuber, recensore di automobili, esperto di stranezze e caratteristiche
La mia più grande previsione è che i prezzi delle auto – nuove e usate – inizino finalmente a scendere in modo misurabile e percepibile. Sono stati due anni lunghi con prezzi gonfiati a causa della domanda, dei bassi costi di finanziamento e della carenza di offerta, ma credo che nel 2023 le cose si equilibreranno.
Mike Radenbaugh, fondatore e presidente di Rad Power Bikes
- L’innovazione sarà radicata nell’aumento dell’accessibilità: Le attuali opzioni di micromobilità sono inaccessibili per alcuni gruppi, tra cui coloro che hanno problemi di mobilità, condizioni che influiscono sull’equilibrio o che non possono permettersi di spendere diverse migliaia di euro per un mezzo di trasporto. Nel 2023 assisteremo a innovazioni che aggiungono valore alle soluzioni di mobilità, aumentando così l’accessibilità: pensiamo alle opzioni con più di tre ruote per una migliore stabilità, alla personalizzazione ottimizzata e alle opzioni che rispondono alle esigenze di determinate persone. Inoltre, le reti di partner di assistenza si espanderanno in modo che le persone possano facilmente assicurarsi l’assistenza per la manutenzione.
“La mia più grande previsione è che i prezzi delle auto – nuove e usate – comincino finalmente a scendere in modo misurabile e percepibile.”
- I programmi di incentivazione si moltiplicheranno: Città come Denver hanno recentemente lanciato con successo programmi di incentivi e sconti per le biciclette elettriche, e ci aspettiamo che più di 10 stati li offrano l’anno prossimo, man mano che i funzionari locali riconoscono la loro popolarità e la consapevolezza generale delle biciclette elettriche come soluzioni di trasporto praticabili. Oltre a ridurre le emissioni di anidride carbonica, i programmi di incentivazione consentono alle persone di raggiungere il posto di lavoro, di andare a prendere i figli a scuola e di fare più facilmente le commissioni.
- Meno famiglie avranno una seconda auto: Secondo il DOT, il numero di famiglie con due o più auto è passato dal 22% del 1960 al 59% del 2020. Tuttavia, secondo i dati di iSeeCars, l’auto usata media costa 34.617 dollari, mentre le biciclette elettriche cargo possono costare meno di 2.000 dollari. Con la riduzione dei bilanci e l’aumento dei tassi di interesse, ci aspettiamo che un numero maggiore di famiglie opti per una cargo e-bike invece che per un secondo veicolo a gas, portando così a una diminuzione del numero di famiglie con una seconda auto.
- L’uso delle biciclette elettriche nelle zone rurali si espanderà: Mentre gli abitanti delle città e dei sobborghi rappresentano un terzo dei ciclisti Rad, un terzo vive nelle aree rurali e ci aspettiamo che l’adozione in questo gruppo aumenti nel 2023. Attualmente, molti consumatori che risiedono in aree rurali utilizzano ATV e golf cart per spostarsi all’interno delle loro proprietà e percorrono distanze percorribili in bicicletta per raggiungere la città, ma molti stanno sostituendo questi chilometri con le biciclette elettriche. I vantaggi che ne derivano vanno al di là di quelli utilitaristici: le biciclette elettriche permettono di godersi i sentieri e i parchi vicini, di fare attività fisica all’aria aperta e di esplorare le zone circostanti. Inoltre, i continui miglioramenti tecnologici e l’innovazione di batterie e motori porteranno a un aumento dell’autonomia, rendendo le biciclette elettriche un’opzione ancora più valida per chi percorre distanze più lunghe.
- Gli urbanisti collaboreranno con le aziende private: Prevediamo che nel 2023 i partenariati pubblico-privato si evolveranno in modo significativo, con relazioni rafforzate e una collaborazione più stretta. Una delle maggiori sfide che si pongono all’adozione delle biciclette elettriche è la mancanza di infrastrutture a supporto di una mobilità ciclabile sicura. Tuttavia, sfruttando la ricerca, la profonda conoscenza dei prodotti e le intuizioni dei consumatori delle aziende private, gli enti governativi e i gruppi della comunità saranno meglio attrezzati per costruire un’infrastruttura per biciclette efficace fin dall’inizio. Perché se la si costruisce correttamente, i ciclisti arriveranno.
“Ci aspettiamo che un numero maggiore di famiglie opti per una e-bike da carico invece che per un secondo veicolo a gas”.
Janette Sadik-Khan, ex commissario del Dipartimento dei Trasporti della città di New York, presidente dell’Associazione Nazionale dei Funzionari dei Trasporti
Le auto elettriche non sono sexy. Sapete cosa è sexy? Le biciclette elettriche. Nel 2023, le città si renderanno conto di essere state troppo impegnate a leggere i tweet di Elon Musk per accorgersi che la rivoluzione dei trasporti dell’ultimo decennio non è avvenuta con Uber, Lyft o con le auto elettriche, senza conducente o volanti, ma con il mezzo miliardo di viaggi in bike sharing e in e-scooter effettuati dal 2010 con scarsi investimenti pubblici. Negli Stati Uniti le vendite di biciclette elettriche superano quelle delle auto elettriche e, se le città del Paese investissero la metà del denaro e dello spazio stradale per sostenere questa tendenza, questa potrebbe superare altrettanto rapidamente i viaggi in auto.
Jessica Caldwell, direttrice dell’analisi di Edmunds
La parte sui tassi di interesse è probabilmente la più interessante: quanto possono salire questi tassi? Le persone che stanno per ottenere un prestito per un’auto usata in questo momento stanno pagando in media oltre 10.000 dollari di soli interessi! Sembrava che non molto tempo fa si potesse comprare un’auto con 10.000 dollari!
CarDealershipGuy, proprietario di una concessionaria indipendente, utente pseudonimo di Twitter
- I concessionari indipendenti si consolideranno e/o chiuderanno al ritmo più veloce dal 2009. Perché? Perché i concessionari indipendenti (noti anche come concessionari non in franchising) si basano principalmente su un unico centro di profitto, la vendita di auto usate. Vendere auto usate in scala funziona molto bene quando i tassi scendono, ma diventa molto più difficile quando i tassi aumentano. E anche se non si punta alla scala, i piccoli operatori del settore si trovano ad affrontare costi di gestione delle scorte senza precedenti e sfide enormi per quanto riguarda l’accessibilità e la finanziabilità dei veicoli da parte dei consumatori.
“L’aspetto più interessante è probabilmente quello dei tassi di interesse: quanto possono salire questi tassi?”.
- Le concessionarie tradizionali guadagneranno quote di mercato rispetto agli operatori dell’e-commerce: Stiamo entrando in un’era di aziende sostenibili, che comprende bilanci sani con un’ampia leva operativa e redditività. Ritengo che il 2023 sarà la prima volta nell’ultimo decennio in cui i concessionari tradizionali guadagneranno più quote di mercato su base annua rispetto ai concessionari di auto online. Ritengo che molte persone amino e preferiscano un’esperienza di acquisto di auto esclusivamente online, ma il contesto macro favorirà i concessionari tradizionali che svolgono attività più snelle e si affidano in larga misura a strutture di spesa variabili (rispetto a strutture di spesa fisse).
- Le società di sottoscrizione di veicoli scaleranno al ritmo più veloce degli ultimi dieci anni, dato che l’accessibilità dei veicoli raggiunge nuovi minimi: qui c’è una grande avvertenza: non sto dicendo che lo faranno in modo redditizio. Ma credo che guadagneranno quote di mercato significative perché la loro proposta di valore diventerà molto più convincente in un contesto di recessione. Le persone cercheranno modi per risparmiare e diventare più efficienti.
Beth Osborne, direttore di Trasporti per l’America
Penso che gli incidenti mortali dei pedoni raggiungeranno il massimo storico, circa 8.000, nel 2022; ma gli incidenti stradali complessivi si stabilizzeranno rispetto al massimo storico del 2021 e saranno troppo confortanti, riducendo l’attenzione sulla sicurezza stradale.
Raj Rajkumar, professore di ingegneria elettrica e informatica alla Carnegie Mellon University
- L’industria AV continuerà a ridimensionarsi. Ci si aspettano altri licenziamenti nelle grandi aziende AV e almeno un altro fallimento di alto profilo come quello di Argo AI. L’enfasi si sposterà drasticamente dalla piena autonomia e dai robotaxi all’ADAS++ e alle funzioni di alta automazione. Per quanto mi riguarda, sono molto ottimista sulla fattibilità e sull’attrattiva dell’autonomia avanzata (rispetto all’autonomia completa, per la quale ci vorrà ancora del tempo).
“Le società di abbonamento ai veicoli scaleranno al ritmo più veloce degli ultimi dieci anni, mentre l’accessibilità dei veicoli raggiunge nuovi minimi.”
- Alcune partnership esistenti tra OEM e startup AV di alto profilo falliranno, poiché queste ultime non sono in grado di fornire servizi. Questo sarà particolarmente vero per le startup che dipendono solo dalle telecamere come sensori AV. Quando non si rispettano i traguardi promessi, a un certo punto la realtà finanziaria si fa sentire.
- L’esigenza di una tecnologia in grado di compensare le distrazioni dei conducenti umani e di sostituirli, ove possibile, non è venuta meno. Pertanto, il potenziale di mercato continua a essere enorme. Con un numero minore di aziende AV in circolazione e con una riduzione significativa delle spese, le aziende rimanenti che si concentrano esclusivamente sulle innovazioni tecnologiche, sulla diffusione e sulla generazione di profitti diventeranno più forti e migliori.
- Si assisterà a un calo significativo del numero di aziende produttrici di sensori, in particolare nel settore dei lidar. Troppe aziende inseguono un mercato troppo piccolo. Anche in questo caso, quelle rimaste con le tecnologie più promettenti (come FMCW) finiranno per essere più forti, ma potrebbero essere assorbite da aziende di primo livello o OEM.
- Lo spazio della micromobilità continuerà a ridursi a causa di una moltitudine
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the area up to and during early European settlement (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
The Native Americans' most notable effect on the lands of the region was a result of their use of fire. Fires set by Native Americans are thought to have been significant in determining the plant distribution of the region. Some anthropologist believe that fires were set to improve grassland for grazing of large animals, aid in hunting, and harassment of enemies (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
The United States gained control of the Ozarks and the watershed in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. The first Europeans settled the narrow valleys and built their homes near springs. The population of the rugged interior of the Ozarks grew more slowly than the surrounding areas, with emigrants coming from different ethnic groups. Many of the earliest pioneers were from Kentucky and Tennessee and were attracted by the watershed's abundance of game and fish, rather than by its farming possibilities (Keefe and Morrow 1994).
The first changes in the landscape caused by land use patterns began taking place in the early 1800s to around 1880. Valley bottom forests and cane stands were replaced with cultivated fields and pastures. Suppression of wildfires in the uplands during the same period allowed an increase in understory growth in woodlands and losses of native grasslands and savannahs. The clearing of valley bottoms was probably responsible for some direct stream disturbance, but the suppression of fires in the uplands probably offset sediment yield (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
The second noticeable pattern in early land use was commercial timber harvest. Timber harvest on a large scale started around 1870 and continued until the 1920s. Shortleaf pines were harvested for sawlogs and oaks for railroad ties. The early logging operations used livestock to skid out the lumber, and cutting on the steeper slopes was avoided. This helped to minimize the effects of the early logging period (Jacobson and Primm 1994). The continued practice of valley clearing and road building coupled with extreme regional flooding between 1895 and 1915, was probably responsible for the initial moderate stream disturbance (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
The period between 1920 and 1960, known as the post-timber-boom, played the largest role in stream disturbances that are evident today. The practices of this period included annual burning and cutting of upland timber to open more grazing land, a practice still in place today. Oral-history indicates that small streams had more discharge, for longer periods, during this time than from 1960 to 1993. These changes in flow patterns can probably be attributed to changes in upland and riparian zone vegetation that decreased storage and flow resistance (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
During the early settlement period and throughout most of the timber boom, hogs were the dominant livestock in the area, only to be replaced by cattle following substantial increases in the 1920s and again in the 1940s. Early cattle were grazed on free range, which allowed them to concentrate in valley bottoms and destroy riparian vegetation and understory along streambanks. This destruction of riparian vegetation, coupled with the clearing and grazing of uplands, probably initiated headwater channel migrations, resulting in the extension of drainage networks and the accelerated release of gravel into small streams (Jacobson and Primm 1994). Free range was closed in the 1960's and areas were fenced. Fencing, along with improvements in the beef market, increased the areal density of cattle on pastures tremendously. The period from 1960 to 1993 showed decreases in the amount of farm land, but cattle numbers continued to increase (Jacobson and Primm 1994).
RECENT LAND USE
Forest land comprises the greatest percentage of land use/land cover types in the watershed at an estimated 57.2%, followed by pasture land (27.2%), range land (5.4%), noncultivated cropland (3.2%), urban (2.7%), water (1.6%), roads (1.5%), miscellaneous (1.4%), and cultivated cropland (0.2%) (Table Lu01, Table Lu02, and Table Lu03) (Barney, T., NRCS, pers. comm.). Land use/land cover for the Missouri portion of the watershed from 1997 figures was: deciduous forest (36.8 %), mixed forest (24.4%), (total forest cover 61.2%), grassland (31.0%), water (3.9%), cropland (2.4%), and urban (1.5%) (Figure Lu01). The 1997 land use/land cover data is Phase 1 data from the Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership (MoRAP 1997). The MoRAP land cover project is ongoing, and the Phase I map is an interim product designed for limited use. Phase 2 will incorporate extensive ground-based information, and is scheduled to be completed during 1999.
Livestock accounts for greater than 75% of agricultural sales in all Missouri counties in the watershed. Barry County lead all Missouri counties, statewide, in 1992 with a total market value for agriculture of 95 million dollars. The majority of the Barry County sales were from poultry production followed by cattle production (MASS 1997).
Southwest Missouri, including portions of the watershed, is one of the largest cattle producing regions in the state. Figures from 1997 indicate that all watershed counties, except Stone and Taney, had 60,000 or more head of cattle. In 1997, Barry, Wright, and Webster counties were the number seven, eight, and nine counties in the state for numbers of beef cattle. These counties compromise approximately 10% of Missouri's portion of the watershed. Cattle numbers are recorded annually nationwide on a county basis. In order to generate cattle numbers at a watershed level, the amount of watershed area included in a particular county first had to be calculated. This method is only good to the point that it considers cattle to be equally spaced throughout the county. There were an estimated 141,340 (3.3% of state total) cattle in the Missouri portion of the watershed on January 1, 1997 (MASS 1997).
Historic and active mining have been and are present throughout the watershed (Table Lu04). Lead was the most common mineral historically mined throughout the watershed, but no lead mining is ongoing today. There were historically sixty-three active lead mines and fifteen exploratory lead prospects in the watershed (MDNR 1998a). Mining operations are concentrated, and the effects of these operations have potential to impact watershed streams. Sand and gravel mining are the most common type of active mines. There are currently ninety known gravel removal locations in the watershed, fifty in Missouri and forty in Arkansas (Table Lu05, Figure Lu02) (USCOE 1998). The largest number of active gravel removal locations in the Missouri portion of the watershed occurs in the Beaver Creek subwatershed. Most sand and gravel operations are located directly adjacent to stream channels, and have the most potential for disturbing aquatic life.
Seasonal closures on the excavation of sand and gravel were placed on four stream reaches under General Permit GP-34M issued by the USCOE.
These reaches are:
- Beaver Creek, 23 miles, from mouth to Highway 76 bridge at Bradleyville (T24N, R18W, S10), Taney County, closed March 15 to July 31;
- Swan Creek, 2.3 miles, from Bull Shoals Lake (T24N, R20W, S33) to COE boundary (T24N, R20W, S33), Taney County, closed March 15 to June 15;
- Little North Fork, 4.2 miles, from Bull Shoals Lake (T22N, R15W, S19) to COE boundary (T22N, R15W, S04), Ozark County, closed March 15 to June 15;
- Pond Fork, 3 miles, from Bull Shoals Lake (T22N, R15W, S19) to COE boundary (T22N, R16W, S1), Ozark County, closed March 15 to June 15.
At the time of this writing, these restrictions no longer apply.
There are currently nineteen limestone quarries operating in the Missouri portion of the watershed (Table Lu06, Figure Lu03). These facilities are regulated by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) and must meet air and discharge standards. These operations have the potential to negatively affect water quality by discharging lime to surface and ground water (MDNR 1998b).
The total (MO and AR) watershed human population in 1990 was 177,233 which is an increase of 12.0% from 1980 figures. Nineteen of the twenty counties that are partially or fully in the watershed have shown population increases from 1990 to 1996.
The majority of population growth in the Missouri portion of the watershed can be attributed to urban sprawl from the Springfield area and booming tourism associated with the Branson-Table Rock Lake region. Christian (44%), Stone (40%), and Taney (33%) counties were the top three counties for growth by percent in Missouri from 1990 to 1997, and these counties are projected to remain in the top ten Missouri counties for growth between 1990 and 2020. Six of the eight Missouri counties associated with the watershed are estimated to have population increases at rates higher than the state average (9%) through the year 2020 (Table Lu07, Table Lu08). The population of Christian County is expected to nearly double in the period from 1990 to 2020. The watershed towns of Hollister (3rd) and Branson (4th) also made the top 10 list for population increase for towns of over 2,500 people (Missouri State Office of Administration 1998).
Northwestern Arkansas has, in a period from 1970-1985, had the largest percentage population increase in the state. The watershed's Arkansas counties that lie along the Missouri border have shown increases between 39% and 95% for this time period. All counties in the Arkansas portion of the watershed, with the exception of one, have had population increases between 23% to 95% in this time period (Table Lu09) (U.S. Census Bureau 1998).
Although some of these counties are not totally included in the watershed, the conclusion can be drawn that in areas where county populations have increased, so too has the watershed population. These ever-continuing population increases will put more demand on water resources and become an added threat to the water quality of the region, especially in the Bull and Swan Creek subwatersheds (Christian County) and the areas influencing Table Rock Lake and Lake Taneycomo.
The majority of the Missouri watershed is rural with a population density of 34.2 people per mi2. The Missouri state average is 64.8 people per mi2. Higher population densities occur in the Table Rock-Taneycomo region in Missouri and the Beaver Lake region in northwest Arkansas.
Larger metropolitan areas in the watershed, based on the 1990 U.S. census figures, include Branson, MO (11,364), Ava, MO (2,938), Hollister, MO (2,628), Kimberling City, MO (1,590) Forsyth, MO (1,161), Harrison, AR (9,922), Berryville, AR (3,212,) Green Forest, AR (2,050), Eureka Springs, AR (1,900), and West Fork, AR (1,607) (U.S. Census Bureau 1998).
SOIL CONSERVATION AND WATERSHED PROJECTS
There are currently no PL 566 or SALT projects in the Missouri portion of the White River watershed.
Public areas in the Missouri portion of the watershed are numerous and managed by several state and federal agencies (Table Lu10, Figure Lu04). The Drury-Mincy Conservation Area (CA) is the largest (5,699 acres) area owned and managed by the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) in the watershed. MDC owns and manages 18,783 acres with additional management responsibility on 18,625 acres of land owned by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USCOE) (Houf, L., MDC, pers. comm.). Plans have also been developed for two additional MDC access sites on Lake Taneycomo. The Cooper Creek Access will add a 29.4-acre access to Lake Taneycomo in Taney County. A lease agreement was signed in 1996 between MDC and Empire District Electric Company (EDEC) to develop land adjacent to Boston Ferry Conservation Area into an additional access. Ownership issues concerning the 1.77-acre addition have put this project on hold. A third access site on Lake Taneycomo, Empire Park Access, was recently upgraded as part of a Corporate and Agency Partnership Program (CAPP) agreement between MDC and EDEC.
The United States Forest Service (USFS) has responsibility for the management of the Mark Twain National Forest in Missouri, with a watershed-wide total of 186,253 acres of public land. Forest Service land is managed in two units, the Cassville Ranger Unit (45,028 acres), with responsibility for the western portion of the watershed and the Ava Ranger Unit (141,225 acres), with responsibility for the eastern portion of the watershed. The Hercules Glade Wilderness (12,315) is located within the Ava Ranger Unit.
The Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) has management responsibility for the lands in Roaring River State Park (3,403 acres) and Table Rock State Park (356 acres).
The Arkansas Game and Fish Commission (AG&FC) manages 25,173 acres in that state's portion of the watershed. The USFS manages 5,000-7,000 acres in the upper White River as part of the Ozark National Forest. There are three state parks in the Arkansas portion of the watershed managed by the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism (Table Lu11, Figure Lu05).
The USCOE owns 98,684 acres of land surrounding the three large lakes in the watershed; Beaver Lake (12,256), Table Rock Lake (24,102), Bull Shoals Lake (62,326). The majority of the land remains under the control of the USCOE and is open to the public. Some USCOE land has been leased to other state, federal, and local agencies. A small amount of USCOE land is leased to individuals for their personal use (Milholland, M., USCOE, pers. comm.).
CORPS OF ENGINEERS JURISDICTION
The White River watershed is under the jurisdiction of the Little Rock District of the USCOE. Permits issued under Section 404 of the Federal Clean Water Act are required to conduct many instream activities. Applications for Section 404 permits should be directed to the Little Rock office. In addition, current listings of Section 404 permits are available from the Little Rock USCOE District Office:Little Rock District Corps of Engineers
P.O. Box 867
Little Rock, AR 72203-0867 Phone: (501)324-5295Most of the naval action of WWII took place in the vast spaces of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, but there were also confrontations in smaller seas. One such encounter took place in February 1942 in the English Channel.
Shelter in Brest
In early 1941, the German battlecruisers Scharnhorst and Gneisenau were active in the Atlantic. There they attacked the convoys that were so vital to keeping Britain supplied during the war. The German’s activities were cut short when their supply ships were hit by Swordfish torpedo bombers flying from the British aircraft carrier Ark Royal.
In April, the two German vessels took shelter in the occupied French port of Brest. The following month, the German heavy cruiser Prince Eugen also took refuge there when it became separated from the Bismarck.
In the following months, there were repeated attacks by Allied bombers against the ships. Sitting in a port with access to the Atlantic, they were too much of a threat to convoys to be left alone. Despite determined efforts, they remained afloat.
A Dash Toward Safety
The three ships were effectively under siege which rendered them next to useless. It was a situation the Germans were about to remedy.
One of the reasons for moving the ships from Brest was the desire to free them from the unrelenting bombardment. They had undergone repairs and were ready for action which was undoubtedly a factor. So too was Hitler’s perception of the war. He suspected the Allies were about to invade Norway, to reverse their defeat there earlier in the war. He wanted his battlecruisers on hand to stop that invasion.
By the beginning of February 1942, the ships were ready to leave. Thirteen motor torpedo boats and five destroyers were assembled to accompany them. Air cover was arranged to fend off Allied bombers during the journey.
They were about to make a dash for Kiel in Germany further north; up the English Channel.
Intelligence Behind the Scenes
Meanwhile, in Britain, evidence was piling up of the Germans’ plans.
From the start of the war, the Royal Navy had had the most effective intelligence gathering and analysis of any British forces, perhaps of any nation in the war. This apparatus collated a range of information on the ships at Brest. Intercepted signals, photo reconnaissance, and information from agents in occupied Europe all pointed to the fact that the ships were ready to leave. Bombing raids had failed to put them permanently out of action.
On February 3, more details were obtained from Britain’s highest level source, Ultra. The interception and decryption of Germany’s top-level Enigma code informed the Admiralty about the boats being assembled as an escort.
By February 8, Coastal Command predicted the ships might leave anytime after the 10th, but they could not be more specific.
Despite the intelligence gathered, the British were convinced the ships would set sail during the day, to reach the narrows
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di una rosa matura ma non bollita. Brasile 2014 potrebbe essere l'ultima chiamata prima di passare agli annali come capitato ad altre grandi nazionali portoghesi: belle ma senza anima e, soprattutto, tituli.Terörden teker teker kurtulamayız, hep birlikte kurtulabiliriz!
Ne yapmalıyım?
İstiklal Caddesi’nde bomba patladı diye oraya gitmekten vaz mı geçmeliyim?
Yıldırım aynı yere iki defa düşmez, derler. Ama her şeyin bir ilki var. Ya düşeceği tutarsa?
Belki, bundan sonraki bomba, lokantasında yemek yediğim, kitapçısından DVD ve dergi, dondurmacısından kiloyla dondurma aldığım, dükkanlarında alışveriş yaptığım AVM’de patlayacak.
Oraya gitmeyi bir süre bıraksam mı?
Kaldırımda taksi beklerken, ne olur ne olmaz, otobüs duraklarından uzak mı durmalıyım?
Kapalıçarşı’ya gitmeyi ertelemeli miyim?
Bir süre konserlere, sinemalara gitmesem mi?
Köprülerden de geçmemeli.
Metro, metrobüs, tüneller, hava alanları, parklar, kalabalık caddeler...
Buraları da kendime yasaklamalı mıyım?
Bir süre evden hiç çıkmasam?
Yoksa başka bir ülkeye gitmenin yollarını mı arasam?
Ne yapsam?
*
Hikâyeyi biliyorsunuz:
Bağdat’ta yaşayan bir tüccar hizmetkârını alışveriş yapmak için pazara yollamış. Hizmetkâr birkaç dakika sonra yüzü bembeyaz, titreyerek geri dönmüş.
“Efendim”, demiş, “Pazarda yürürken kalabalıkta biri beni itti. Kim diye dönüp baktığımda Ölüm olduğunu gördüm. Tehditkâr bir biçimde yüzüme baktı. Bana bir at ödünç verin. Bu şehirden uzaklaşayım, başıma gelecekten kurtulayım. Semerkant’a gideyim. Ölüm beni orada bulamaz.”
Efendisi ona bir at vermiş. Hizmetkâr atı mahmuzlayarak dört nala oradan uzaklaşmış.
Tüccar pazara gittiğinde orada, kalabalığın içinde, Ölüm’ü görmüş. Yanına yaklaşmış.
Sormuş:
“Neden bu sabah hizmetkarımla karşılaştığında yüzün tehditkar bir ifade aldı?”
Ölüm cevap vermiş:
“Yüzümde beliren ifade tehdit ifadesi değildi. Şaşkınlık ifadesiydi. Bu gece benimle Semerkant’ta randevusu olduğu için onu Bağdat’ta görünce şaşırdım.”
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Terör dehşet anlamına gelen İngilizce “terror” kelimesinden gelir.
Amacı insanların yüreğine dehşet salmaktır. Bu dehşet rasyonel değildir çünkü herhangi bir insanın bir terör olayında ölme ihtimali çok küçüktür.
Bir Türk’ün trafik kazasında ölme olasılığı bir terör olayında ölme olasılığından neredeyse yirmi kat fazladır.
Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu verilerine göre karayolu ağında 2013 yılında 1,2 milyondan fazla trafik kazası meydana geldi. Dört bin kişi öldü, 275.000 kişi yaralandı.
1984 ile 2010 yılları arasında – yani 26 yılda – terör olaylarında ölen sivillerin sayısı 5 700 civarındadır – yılda ortalama 219.
Bunları, terör olaylarını küçümsemek veya teröristler tarafından öldürülen kişilere saygısızlık etmek için değil, konuyu doğru bir perspektife oturtmak için yazıyorum.
Doğru soru “Ne yapmalıyım?” değildir.
Hiç kimse için mutlak güvenlik yoktur ve olamaz.
Korkarak, kaçarak, tarzımı teröre göre ayarlayarak hayatı kendime zehir etmekten başka bir şey elde edemem.
Terörden teker teker kurtulamayız. Hep birlikte kurtulabiliriz.
Bu nedenle sormam – sormamız – gereken soru şudur:
“Ne yapılmalı?”
Türkiye’yi, yöneticilerinin içine soktuğu kaostan kurtarmak için ne yapılmalı?Brad Pitt, a letto con la moglie di Tyson
03/12/2012, 15:14
L’ex pugile Mike Tyson ha rilasciato delle dichiarazioni sconcertanti, che riguardano Brad Pitt. In un’intervista a Graham Bensinger Tyson racconta di essere stato tradito dalla moglie, di averla trovata a letto con l'amante, e che costui era addirittura Brad Pitt. I due comunque stavano per divorziare. Nonostante il momento delicato, la coppia si incontrava di tanto in tanto e, in un caso, Tyson avrebbe trovato lì Pitt. Secondo il racconto dell'ex pugile, lui avrebbe reagito in maniera violenta, ma il bel Brad sarebbe riuscito a scappare. Ma, ormai, essendo la storia risalente a moltissimi anni fa, Mike ne ha parlato con una certa leggerezza, anzi, perfino con divertimento. Quindi, anche Angelina può stare tranquilla!افتتاحیه پیشگامانه Courtyard توسط Marriott & Element توسط Westin در Midtown Atlanta اعلام شد. انتظار می رود در سال 2021 افتتاح شود ، هتل دو مارک با 282 اتاق اتاق و سوئیت ترکیبی اولین ترکیب Courtyard by Marriott و Element توسط مارک های Westin در یک سقف خواهد بود.
هتل های مجلل در گوشه جنوب غربی تقاطع معروف خیابان Peachtree و خیابان Ponce de Leon واقع خواهند شد. خیابان طاووس is آتلانتا بزرگراه اصلی شمال به جنوب ، در حالی که تقاطع با Ponce de Leon در Midtown محل زندگی است آتلانتا تئاتر مشهور فاکس.
با همکاری مشترک با وزارت برنامه ریزی شهر و Midtown Alliance ، نمای بیرونی هتل به گونه ای طراحی شد که با ساختمانهای تاریخی Midtown ترکیب شده و شخصیت و عمق موجود منطقه را تکمیل کند. Courtyard by Marriott Atlanta Midtown دارای دکوراسیون هوشمندانه ، گاه به گاه ، فضاهای عمومی لابی و امکانات مدرن برای پذیرایی از مهمانان با چند وظیفه ، سبک زندگی 24/7. Element by Westin Atlanta Midtown دارای فضاهای الهام گرفته از طبیعت ، آشپزخانه های کاملاً مجهز ، حمام هایی با الهام از آبگرم و برنامه هایی برای فعال ماندن در طول اقامت خود خواهد بود.
Midtown Atlanta یک منطقه تجاری پر رونق است که بیش از 20 میلیون فوت مربع فضای اداری دارد و بیش از 70,000،16 کارمند روزانه گزارش می دهند که کار می کنند. این منطقه XNUMX درصد از مشاغل كل را در خود جای داده است آتلانتا، 25 درصد مشاغل فنی شهر و جمعیت مسکونی با رشد سریع که 50 درصد هزاره و ژنرال Xers است. میدتاون آتلانتا جذب بیش از 6.1 میلیون گردشگر سالانه در درجه اول با هنر آن و سرگرمی ارائه می شود.
آتلانتا در میان بهترین مکان های 2018 فوربس برای مشاغل و مشاغل ، بهترین شهرهای سال 2019 نیچ برای جوانان حرفه ای در آمریکا و بهترین شهرهای والثوب 2019 برای مشاغل قرار گرفته است.Vine weeds are among the most invasive plants that appear in lawns and gardens. With roots that often grow many feet below the soil surface, they are almost always very difficult to control. Vine weeds are usually fast-growing perennials, sometimes with tendrils that help the plant climb up sides of buildings, trees and shrubs, as well as other greenery. This habit allows some species to choke out desirable vegetation.
As one of the most common vine weeds, this species can cause havoc in lawns, particularly those where the grass is of poor quality. It is often found in drainage ditches and other poorly maintained areas. Hedge bindweed is a perennial and a member of the morning glory family. It is similar in appearance to field bindweed but has larger flowers while its leaves have a more pronounced arrow shape. Two large bracts almost cover this weed's calyx, unlike the field version, which has two tiny bracts. Although larger in size, its root system is not as extensive as that of field bindweed.
This invasive bind is considered to be one of the worst weeds in North America. As noted by Terry L. Ettinger, field bindweed has an extensive and hardy root system. A single plant can produce 197 vertical roots measuring 4 feet long only six months after germination. Not only does this weed multiply via rhizomes, it also produces seeds, which can survive as long as 25 years without germinating. Field bindweed has glabrous leaves, meaning they have no hairs and are kidney-shaped with a small notch at the tip. Leaves occur alternately along the stem. Flowers are usually small and white but can be tinged with pink.
Also known as Creeping Jenny or ground ivy, this is another weed that causes havoc in lawns. Leaves resemble those of common geranium, are round, up to one inch in diameter, smell like mint and may either be smooth or hairy. The vine thrives in moist, shady areas of lawns and garden. Low-growing, the plant's four-sided stems grow up to 30 inches long, with roots forming at the nodes. Tiny, lavender or blue flowers appear in spring on 2- or 3-inch spikes.
This annual is a long, trailing vine that can reach more than 3 feet in length. Unlike other vine weeds, its flowers are small, greenish-white in colour and are clustered between the stems and leaves. Its most notable feature is the ocrea, a membranous sheath surrounding the stem at each node. It is often confused with field bindweed but differs from that perennial as it leaves have inward-pointing bases. Wild buckwheat spreads by seed. It is common throughout the United States and, like other vine weeds, is found in drainage ditches and other poorly maintained areas.
- 20 of the funniest online reviews ever
- 14 Biggest lies people tell in online dating sites
- Hilarious things Google thinks you're trying to search forCities and Counties » Foothills » Eufaula
Eufaula, Oklahoma, the county seat of McIntosh County is located 12 miles south of Interstate 40 at the junction of US Highway 69 and Oklahoma State Highway 9.
Just one half mile east of Eufaula was the site of North Fork Town,
settled by the Creek Indians shortly after their arrival in this area
in 1836. The Texas Road and a branch of the California Road crossed at
North Fork Town, making it the center of traffic. This important tribal
community played host to the treaty made between the Confederates,
Creek, Choctaw, and Chickasaw Nations in 1861. North Fork Town is now
covered by Lake Eufaula.
Much of the colorful history of this area; Indian life, Outlaw gangs, and Civil War battles still remain for visitors to see. The Battle of Honey Springs, the largest and most important of the battles fought during the Civil War in Oklahoma, took place July 17, 1863 on a site 3 ½ miles northeast of Checotah, Oklahoma.
One of the most famous landmarks of the area has vanished beneath the waters of Lake Eufaula. Standing Rock, which stood 63 feet above the waters of the Canadian River five miles east of Eufaula, was noted as a fishing spot by early day settlers. Standing Rock was first recorded on papers of early day Spanish Explorers.
The City of Eufaula is situated around beautiful Eufaula Cove. This is the gateway to many outdoor activities such as:
- Fishing - which include:
- Sand bass
Our city is definitely on the move. Whether you enjoy the outdoors, unique one-of-a-kind restaurants, antique shops, or craft stores, we think you will find it here. You won't miss the best feature of our community, no matter where you go in town, and that is, you will be greeted with warm, friendly, and genuine home-town hospitality not found in many places!« back to cities in Foothills
« back to regionsYeni bir araştırmaya göre dünya çapında kuş gribinin yayılmasına göçmen kuşlar neden oluyor. Göçmen kuşlarının rotalarının izlenmesi yoluyla salgınların erken teşhisinde yardımcı olacağı düşünülüyor.
Kuş gribi suşları kümes hayvanlarını da büyük ölçüde tehdit ediyor. İnsanda hastalığa neden olduklarında ise yaşamı tehdit eden boyutta olabiliyor.
Araştırma H5N8’in en çok Asya’dan Avrupa’ya ve Kuzey Amerika’ya göç eden kuşlar yoluyla yayıldığını ortaya koyuyor.
Araştırmada 2014’ün başında Güney Kore’de kuşlar arasında görülen salgından sonra H5N8 kuş gribinin dünyaya yayılımı incelendi. Japonya, Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika’ya yayılan virus, bu bölgelerde 2014 sonbaharı ve 2015 ilkbaharı arasında salgınlara neden olmuştu.
Kaynak: Edinburgh Üniversitesi basın bülteni, 13 Ekim 2016Since 1974, every 5th day of June is celebrated as World Environment Day (WED) by the United Nations as it’s “most important day for encouraging worldwide awareness and action for the protection of our environment.”
The World Environment Day (WED) has since its inception remained the UN’s flagship campaign for raising awareness on critically-important environmental challenges – from air pollution and climate change to environmental degradation. Also known as the People’s Day, the day is meant to encourage people to take action aimed at taking care of the earth – locally, nationally or globally.
As it is the tradition, every year’s celebration is hosted by one country; this year’s global host for WED is India, one of the countries being seriously threatened by plastic pollution. India has made an ambitious commitment to tackle plastic pollution in its water bodies by banning all single-use plastic by 2022.
About 4.4 million tonnes of plastic is said to be found in Africa’s water bodies, according to a finding of the United Nations.
“Plastic, and waste management in general, is a very big problem in Africa,” Mohamed Atani, regional information officer for the UN Environment told AFP. “Most of the plastic disposed in the ocean comes from the daily use of single-use plastics.”
The African Development Bank described World Environment Day 2018 as “a call to action for all of us to come together to combat one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time – plastic pollution. The theme invites all stakeholders to consider how they can make changes in their everyday lives to reduce the heavy burden of plastic pollution on the natural and human environment.”
This year’s celebration is themed beating plastic pollution. Every year, it is estimated that over 8 million tons of plastic find its way into the world’s various oceans and that if this trend continues unabated, by 2050, there would be more plastic in the world’s water bodies than fish.
However, Erik Solheim, Head of UN Environment believes there was now “more momentum than ever before to beat plastic pollution and protect the oceans that we all share from the tide of disposable plastic. Seeing so many countries rise to the occasion by joining the Clean Seas campaign means we are all moving towards healthier oceans that are free from pollution and full of life.”
According to the UN Environment, various Heads of State would be meeting with the leaders of international organizations at the G7 summit holding this week in Quebec, Canada to “discuss far-reaching strategies to address specific challenges for the oceans, including plastic pollution, overfishing, rising sea levels and the resiliency of coastal communities.
“More governments than ever are implementing some kind of intervention against single-use plastics – from bans, restrictions and levies on disposable plastic items to the implementation of better recycling facilities and the development of viable alternatives to the most common contributors to marine litter,” says a press statement by UN Environment.
While speaking at an event held in commemoration of WED 2018 at the Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria, an environmental health expert, Dr Ado Bello, said the negative consequences of plastic pollution were not only on water bodies instead it affected soil fertility as well, hence the need for proper disposal strategies for plastic materials.
“Plastic pollution also affects soil fertility however awareness about plastic pollution is lacking among the people; the government is responsible for educating people about the dangers of plastic pollution,” says Bello who was speaking at a WED 2018 commemorative event organized by the Bayero University in collaboration with the Nigerian Environmental Society, Global Shapers Community, Global Youth Climate Network and Baraka on Environment.
The UN Environment had on June 5th, in collaboration with India’s Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change released a report titled: “Single-use Plastics: A roadmap for Sustainability”, outlining the global scope of efforts to beat plastic pollution, providing analyses of case studies from more than 60 countries to present the world’s first comprehensive study of the global movement to beat plastic pollution.
Similarly, the World Oceans Day is celebrated every June 8 to raise global awareness of the state of the oceans and aquatic life, and advocate for individual and policy action for healthy seas. This year, in line with World Environment Day the theme of the World Oceans Day is centered on preventing plastic pollution – 8 million tonnes of which end up in the world’s ocean’s every year.
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, and plasticizers, such as castor oil, and coloring agents such as soluble dye and pigments. Resins and plasticizers give the nail polish a degree of flexibility. This flexibility allows the consumer to apply the nail polish with the brush without the polish drying too quickly or forming unevenly on the nail. These nail polish ingredients also help the nail polish last longer after being applied to the nail. Resins form a hard shell that is resistant to soap and water, keeping the color on the nail longer. Manufactures use a mix of amyl and butyl stearate, castor oil, acids, and glycerol as resins and plasticizers. Functions of Resin • To provide gloss and elasticity • For the suspension of pigments • To provide resistance to water, chemicals and abrasion • Makes coating adhere to the surface • Acts as a dispersant • For drying properties Properties • Resins are translucent and viscous film forming material widely used for production of paints and coatings. • It binds the pigment particles to the substrate, forming a layer of film on the surface. The quality of the resin used in production of paints and coating decides the durability of the paint. Resins with different compositions are used depending upon the functional properties of the paint. • Synthetic resins are materials with similar properties to natural resins viscous liquids capable of hardening. They are typically manufactured by esterification or soaping of organic compounds. • The classic variety is epoxy resin, manufactured through polymerization polycondensation reactions, used as a thermoset polymer for Nail polish. • Epoxy resin is two times stronger than concrete, seamless and waterproof. Manufacturing of Nail Polish The modern manufacturing process is a very sophisticated operation utilizing highly skilled workers, advanced machinery, and even robotics. Todays consumers expect a nail polish to apply smoothly, evenly, and easily; to set relatively quickly; and to be resistant to chipping and peeling. In addition, the polish should be dermatologically innocuous. Mixing the pigment with nitrocellulose and plasticizer: • The pigments are mixed with nitrocellulose and plasticizer using a two-roll differential speed mill. This mill grinds the pigment between a pair of rollers that are able to work with increasing speed as the pigment is ground down. The goal is to produce fine dispersion of the color. • When properly and fully milled, the mixture is removed from the mill in sheet form and then broken up into small chips for mixing with the solvent. The mixing is performed in stainless steel kettles that can hold anywhere from 5 to 2,000 gallons. Stainless steel must be used because the nitrocellulose is extremely reactive in the presence of iron. The kettles are jacketed so that the mixture can be cooled by circulating cold water or another liquid around the outside of the kettle. The temperature of the kettle, and the rate of cooling, is controlled by both computers and technicians. • This step is performed in a special room or area designed to control the hazards of fire and explosion. Most modern factories perform this step in an area with walls that will close in if an alarm sounds and, in the event of explosion, with ceilings that will safely blow off without endangering the rest of the structure. • Materials are mixed in computerized, closed kettles. At the end of the process, the mix is cooled slightly before the addition of such other materials as perfumes and moisturizers. • The mixture is then pumped into smaller, 55 gallon drums, and then trucked to a production line. The finished nail polish is pumped into explosion proof pumps, and then into smaller bottles suitable for the retail market.|
|Plant capacity: 10 MT/day||Plant & machinery: 178 Lakhs|
|Working capital: -||T.C.I: 1318 Lakhs|
|Return: 50.00%||Break even: 31.00%|
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Each detailed project reports cover all the aspects of business, from analysing the market, confirming availability of various necessities such as plant & machinery, raw materials to forecasting the financial requirements. The scope of the report includes assessing market potential, negotiating with collaborators, investment decision making, corporate diversification planning etc. in a very planned manner by formulating detailed manufacturing techniques and forecasting financial aspects by estimating the cost of raw material, formulating the cash flow statement, projecting the balance sheet etc.
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Products & Services'Glow in the dark' quinine could help kill malaria parasite
Today, quinine is not only useful as a tonic water mixer for your gin, it could also be the key to uncovering the malaria parasite’s most toxic secret.
It is difficult to overstate the economic burden caused by malaria. With one person — typically a child under the age of five in sub-Saharan Africa — dying from the disease every 30 seconds and with climate change threatening to expand the “malaria belt” (the global tropical region in which malaria is found), the race is on to meet the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goal of reducing the incidence of malaria by next year.
“Know thy enemy”, the military strategists suggest, and scientists have recently taken this advice to heart. Many scientists have declared that it is time to go “back to basics” on research into the world’s most crippling infectious diseases, after the unsuccessful run of a candidate vaccine for HIV known as the STEP trial, which appeared to increase the susceptibility of patients to the virus.
In the case of the rapidly evolving malaria parasite, there is an urgent need to better understand its biology. The parasite spends half of its lifecycle in the mosquito and the other half in the human host. If you are unlucky enough to be bitten by an infected mosquito, the parasite first makes its way to your liver and then invades your red blood cells. There it begins to consume haemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in your blood cells) to survive and grow.
It is at this point that the parasite spills its toxic secret. To know the secret, you need to know that haemoglobin is made up of four special molecules called “haem”, each of which is tightly bound to an amino acid chain called “globin” (hence the name “haemoglobin”). During digestion of the haemoglobin inside the parasite, the haem molecule is released from its globin chain. This liberated or “free” haem is poisonous to the parasite and causes it all kinds of cellular damage. But the malaria parasite has evolved an ingenious detoxification system to rid itself of this free haem: it stores haem in crystal-form in its digestive compartment, like a harmless stone.
Imagine if it were possible to turn this detoxification process against the parasite. Interrupting this crystallisation pathway leads to a lethal accumulation of haem that overwhelms and poisons it, but not us.
The gold standard in drug discovery is to target a metabolic pathway that is unique to the pathogen. In this case, interrupting the crystallisation of haem would be fatal for the parasite, but not the host — the parasite’s Achilles’ heel.
To design a detoxification-disrupting drug we need to know exactly where the haem is located in the parasite. So how do we go about “seeing” a specific molecule among so many others?
Even though we have developed many sophisticated imaging techniques, haem continues to elude us. We can’t “see” it using conventional scientific instruments — even though we know that it is lurking in the parasite. It is essentially invisible to our eyes. And for this we need to employ another agent — a molecular spy — to see it for us. For this we need to call on quinine.
It is said that quinine has benefited more people over the centuries than any other drug in the fight against infectious diseases. It originated in South America, where it occurs naturally in the bark of the cinchona tree. According to an ancient Peruvian legend, a man with a high fever was lost in the jungle. Thirsty, he drank from a pool of stagnant water and found that it tasted bitter. He realised that the water had been contaminated by the surrounding cinchona trees and thought that he had been poisoned. Surprisingly, his fever soon abated and he was able to share this accidental discovery of quinine with his fellow villagers.
Quinine eventually found its way to Europe and was the antimalarial drug of choice for centuries until newer, more effective molecules with improved tolerance were developed.
Even if it is no longer the first choice in treating malaria, quinine is uniquely positioned as our molecule of choice to seek out haem in the parasite. First, it has a high affinity for haem, meaning that it binds strongly and specifically to the haem molecule. Second, quinine is highly fluorescent. This means that under a microscope quinine lights up like a veld fire in the night.
Fluorescence has revolutionised the study of biological cells. By exploiting these special molecules that literally “glow in the dark”, we can see things in cells that we would never otherwise have been able to see. Today biologists have a host of fluorescence dyes and proteins at their disposal to illuminate particular areas or molecules within a cell.
That is why in my research project we are using quinine, with its natural affinity for haem and its innate fluorescence, as a key molecule for understanding the malaria parasite’s metabolism. If quinine can help us to track down the haem in the parasite, we can use this crucial information to inform the design of new antimalarial agents. And then we might be able to help to turn the tide on this scourge.
So next time you sit back to enjoy a gin and tonic, pause for a moment to appreciate the quinine in your tonic water. It has already saved millions of lives and might still save more. Except this time, it will help us to see the invisible.
John Woodland is a PhD candidate at the University of Cape Town.
This publication is the culmination of a six-month-long Mail & Guardian project, called Science Voices, to teach postgraduate science students how to turn their academic writing into something the public can read and enjoy.Sewage sludge (also known as ‘biosolids’) refers to the semi-solids left over from municipal waste water treatment. Current legal disposal options include incineration, landfill, and land application to agricultural land, rangeland, or forests.
The resources on this page provide a scientific overview of health impacts from land application. Risk assessment is complex because Sludge Contains Highly Varied Amounts of Organic Chemicals, Toxic Metals, Chemical Irritants, and Pathogens. Furthermore, the effects of their interactions, long-term build-up in soils, leaching into waterways, and uptake into crops and the food system have not been well-studied. Thus, little is known about the long-term human heath and Ecological Consequences of Sludge Application. There is, however, clear scientific documentation of the sometimes deadly Direct Human Health Consequences of Land Application. Furthermore, by bringing together and concentrating varied pathogens and antibiotics, Wastewater Treatment Selects Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria, a health problem worldwide.
The paucity of scientific research is not accidental. Journalists and researchers have chronicled how the EPA’s Conflicts of Interest and those of other institutions, including the NAS, USDA, municipalities, and universities, obstruct sludge research and further undermine risk assessment and regulation.
EPA’s Sludge Regulation fails to incorporate existing scientific information and to protect the public. Yet while many scientific experts recommend a total ban on sludge application to land, EPA and others continue to promote it. Sludge is sold to the public as nutrient-rich garden compost and portrayed to farmers as a valuable fertilizer.
Even ending land application, however, is only a partial solution. Alternatives, incineration and landfill, are also hazardous. Ensuring ecosystem and human health requires Reformulating the Problem with the explicit goal of preventing sludge formation. This will require organic wastes and industrial wastes be kept separate and treated at their source.
For an illuminating non-technical introduction to the origins of sewerage systems and the creation and disposal of toxic sludge see: Civilization & Sludge: Notes on the History of the Management of Human Excreta by Abby A. Rockefeller.
New and Classic Articles
Sludge Contains Highly varied amounts of
Organic Chemicals, Toxic Metals, Chemical Irritants, and Pathogens
Report: EPA Unable to Assess the Impact of Hundreds of Unregulated Pollutants in Land-Applied Biosolids on Human Health and the Environment. Report #19-P-0002, November 15, 2018
The EPA identified 352 pollutants in biosolids but cannot yet consider these pollutants for further regulation due to either a lack of data or risk assessment tools. Pollutants found in biosolids can include pharmaceuticals, steroids and flame retardants. For the podcast, full report and a summary report see: https://www.epa.gov/office-inspector-general/report-epa-unable-assess-impact-hundreds-unregulated-pollutants-land.
Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey Sampling and Analysis Technical Report. January 2009; EPA 822-R-08-014.
Section six of this EPA report contains the survey summary. This lists the maximum and minimum levels of different heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, organic chemicals, steroids and hormones, and other pollutants that were found in the sludge samples tested. High levels were found in all pollutant categories, for example PBDEs (brominated flame retardants) and ciprofloxacin and triclosan (antibiotics). Only a small subset of the toxic chemicals in use in the U.S. were surveyed. For the second part of the report and appendices see: http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/biosolids/tnsss-overview.cfm#results.
Harrison, Ellen Z., et al. “Organic Chemicals in Sewage Sludges.” Science of the Total Environment 367.2 (2006): 481-497.
Summarizes the peer-review literature and government reports on organic chemicals in sewage sludge. While “tens of thousands of organic chemicals are currently in use… sludge concentration data could only be found for 516 organic chemicals.” Identifies the many areas where more research is needed on levels, fate, and toxicity of chemicals to “humans and non-human receptors”. Without this information accurate risk assessment is impossible and sewage sludge application cannot be considered safe.
McBride, M. B. “Toxic Metals in Sewage Sludge-Amended Soils: Has Promotion of Beneficial Use Discounted the Risks?.” Advances in Environmental Research 8.1 (2003): 5-19.
Excellent scientific analysis of heavy metals in sludge and their uptake by crop plants. Uptake of metals varies widely between different types of metals and plants. McBride reveals that “several critical generalizing assumptions about the behavior of sludge-borne metals in soil-crop systems, built into the US EPA risk assessment for metals, have tended to underestimate risks and are shown not to be well justified by published research.” McBride advocates a more science-based precautionary approach to toxic metal additions to soils.
Lewis, David L., and David K. Gattie. “Pathogen Risks From Applying Sewage Sludge to Land.” Environmental Science & Technology 36.13 (2002): 286A-293A.
Lewis and Gattie review the list of known pathogens reported in land applied sewage sludge. They assess the disease risk from these pathogens and point out this risk will be greatly exacerbated by chemical toxins also present in sludge. For example, chemical irritants can predispose skin to infection. Such chemical-pathogen interactions must be taken into account in order to develop science-based policies that adequately protect the public. Lewis and Gattie’s insightful analysis is still valid today.
Ecological Consequences of sludge application
Colman, Benjamin P., et al. “Low Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles in Biosolids Cause Adverse Ecosystem Responses Under Realistic Field Scenario.” PloS One 8.2 (2013): e57189.
Nanosilver is a biocide. It is commonly used as an anti-microbial in textiles, food packaging, and biomedical applications (e.g. catheters). It enters sewage systems from industrial and other sources, including consumer products (e.g. toothpaste and cosmetics). Coleman et al. showed that nano-silver applied at realistic levels through a common route of exposure (sewage sludge application to farm or rangeland) can adversely affect plants and microbes.
Efromymson RA et al. Final Report: “Evaluation of Ec
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a pun on the name of the area and a reference to the craggy coastline. The sandy-gold hoist and rose-red fly halves of the flag recall the common nickname for the area of ‘Lancashire-beyond-the-sands’. It may be noted that the three colours of red, green and yellow are also those of the county flag of Lancashire1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1870th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 870th year of the 2nd millennium, the 70th year of the 19th century, and the 1st year of the 1870s decade. As of the start of 1870, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
|Ab urbe condita||2623|
|Balinese saka calendar||1791–1792|
|British Regnal year||33 Vict. 1 – 34 Vict. 1|
|Chinese calendar||己巳年 (Earth Snake)|
4567 or 4360
— to —
庚午年 (Metal Horse)
4568 or 4361
|- Vikram Samvat||1926–1927|
|- Shaka Samvat||1791–1792|
|- Kali Yuga||4970–4971|
|Japanese calendar||Meiji 3|
|Julian calendar||Gregorian minus 12 days|
|Minguo calendar||42 before ROC|
|Thai solar calendar||2412–2413|
1996 or 1615 or 843
— to —
1997 or 1616 or 844
- January 1
- January 3 – Construction of the Brooklyn Bridge begins in New York City.
- January 6 – The Musikverein, Vienna, is inaugurated in Austria-Hungary.
- January 10 – John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
- January 15 – A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey (A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
- January 23 – Marias Massacre: U.S. soldiers attack a peaceful camp of Piegan Blackfeet Indians, led by chief Heavy Runner.
- January 26 – Reconstruction Era (United States): Virginia rejoins the Union. This year it adopts a new Constitution, drawn up by John Curtiss Underwood, expanding suffrage to all male citizens over 21, including freedmen.
- January 28 – British SS City of Boston departs Halifax, Nova Scotia, on a transatlantic passage on which it will be lost with all 191 aboard.
- February – Denis Vrain-Lucas is sentenced to 2 years in prison for multiple forgery, in Paris.
- February 1 – Goodna State School in Goodna, Queensland, Australia, founded.
- February 2
- February 3 – The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution, guaranteeing African American men the right to vote, is passed.
- February 9 – The U.S. Army Weather Bureau is created within the Army Signal Corps.
- February 10
- February 12 – Women's suffrage: Women gain the right to vote in Utah Territory.
- February 23 – Military control of Mississippi ends and it is readmitted to the Union.
- February 25 – Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American to sit in the U.S. Congress.
- February 26
- February 27 – The 'circle of the sun' flag of Japan is adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships, by proclamation of the Daijō-kan.
- February 28 – The Bulgarian Exarchate is established, by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
- March – The Mitsubishi Company is established in Japan as a shipping firm, by Iwasaki Yatarō with Thomas Blake Glover.
- March 1 – Battle of Cerro Corá, Paraguay: Marshal Francisco Solano López's last troops are cornered by those of the Triple Alliance. López refuses to surrender and is killed, ending the Paraguayan War.
- March 4 – Red River Rebellion: Thomas Scott is executed by Louis Riel's provisional government, in modern-day Manitoba, Canada.
- March 5 – The first ever international Association football match, England v Scotland, takes place under the auspices of the Football Association at The Oval, London.
- March 10 – Deutsche Bank is founded in Berlin.
- March 18 – Female Infanticide Prevention Act, 1870, passed in British India.
- March 19 – The Ohio Legislature passes the Cannon Act, thereby establishing the Ohio Agriculture and Mechanical College, later Ohio State University.
- March 24
- Syracuse University is established in New York (state) and officially opens.
- A Chilean prospecting party led by José Díaz Gana discovers the silver ores of Caracoles in the Bolivian portion of Atacama Desert, leading to the last of Chilean silver rushes and a diplomatic dispute over its taxation between Chile and Bolivia.
- March 30
- March 31 – Thomas Mundy Peterson is the first African American to vote in an election.
- April 11 – A 7.3 earthquake shakes the Chinese county of Batang causing a fire that leaves about 5,000 dead.
- April 13 – The Metropolitan Museum of Art was established.
- April 27 – Antonio Guzmán Blanco begins his first term as President of Venezuela.
- April 29 – The Chicago Base Ball Club, later to be known as the Chicago White Stockings and ultimately the Chicago Cubs, play their first game against the St. Louis Unions of the National Association of Base Ball Players, an amateur league.
- May 12
- May 14 – The first rugby match is played in New Zealand, between the Nelson Football Club and Nelson College.
- June 8 – The final splice on the first telegraph submarine cable between Great Britain and India is made.
- June 9 – English novelist Charles Dickens dies at Gads Hill Place in Kent, leaving his last book, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, unfinished.
- June 21 – The Tianjin Massacre of 17 foreigners (mostly European Christian priests and nuns) and 40 Chinese people who had converted to Christianity, takes place in China when an angry mob attacks churches established in the city.
- June 22
- June 23 –The first message by electric telegraph using the Great Britain to India submarine cable is sent from London.
- June 26 – Richard Wagner's opera Die Walküre is first performed at Munich's National Theatre.
- June 28 – American President Ulysses S. Grant signs an act making the United States Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year's Day federal holidays in the United States.
- July 14 – The Ems Dispatch is published, serving as casus belli for a war between Prussia and France.
- July 15
- July 18 – Pastor aeternus: Pope Pius IX declares papal infallibility, in matters of faith and morals.
- July 19 – Franco-Prussian War: France declares war on Prussia.
- July 28 – Start of Solar Saros 153. The final eclipse in this series will be in 3114.
- July 30 – The 'Diggers' Republic' is proclaimed at Klipdrift in South Africa by diamond miners, with Stafford Parker as president.
- August 2 – The Tower Subway beneath the River Thames in London, the world's first underground passenger "tube" railway, officially opens. Although this lasts as a railway operation only until November, it demonstrates the technologically successful first use of the cylindrical wrought iron tunnelling shield, devised by Peter W. Barlow and James Henry Greathead, and of a permanent tunnel lining of cast iron segments.
- August 8 – The Republic of Ploiești, an uprising against Domnitor Carol of Romania, fails.
- August 24 – The Red River Rebellion in Canada ends with the arrival of the Wolseley Expedition and the flight of Louis Riel.
- September 2 – Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan – Prussian forces defeat the French armies and take Emperor Napoleon III and 100,000 of his soldiers prisoner at Sedan, France.
- September 4 – Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared. Empress Eugénie flees to England with her son.
- September 6 – Louisa Swain of Laramie, Wyoming, becomes the first woman in the United States to cast a vote legally since 1807.
- September 18 – Old Faithful Geyser is observed and named by Henry D. Washburn, during the Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition to Yellowstone in Wyoming.
- September 19 – Franco-Prussian War: The Siege of Paris (1870–1871) begins. From September 23, balloon mail is sent out of the city.
- September 20 – Capture of Rome; With Bersaglieri soldiers entering Rome at Porta Pia, the unification of Italy is completed, ending the last remnant of the Papal States and Papal temporal power.
- October 2 – A plebiscite held in Rome supports, by 133,681 votes to 1,507, the annexation of the city by Italy.
- October 6 – Rome becomes the capital of unified Italy.
- October 8 – Léon Gambetta escapes besieged Paris in a hot-air balloon.
- October 20
- October 26 – The Chinese leaders of June's Tianjin Massacre of foreigners are executed by China's Imperial government.
- October 27 – Franco-Prussian War: Siege of Metz – Marshal François Achille Bazaine, commanding the French left wing, is forced by starvation to surrender the fortifications of Metz.
- November 1 – In the United States, the newly created Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast: "High winds at Chicago and Milwaukee... and along the Lakes".
- November 12 – Dresdner Bank is founded in Germany.
- November 16 – The Spanish Cortes Generales proclaims Amadeo de Saboya as King Amadeo I of Spain.
- December 12 – Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman (following Hiram Rhodes Revels in February).
- December 28 – Juan Prim, prime minister of Spain, is shot by unknown assassins on leaving the Cortes, dying two days later.
- December 31
Date unknown edit
- January 2 – Ernst Barlach, German sculptor, graphic artist and poet (d. 1938)
- January 6 – Gustav Bauer, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1944)
- January 4 – Helena Willman-Grabowska, Polish indologist, Sorbonne and Jagiellonian University professor (d. 1957)
- January 8
- January 11 – Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
- January 14 – George Pearce, Australian politician (d. 1952)
- January 20 – Ajahn Mun Bhuridatta, Thai Buddhist monk (d. 1949)
- January 23 – William G. Morgan, American inventor of volleyball (d. 1942)
- February 1 – Erik Adolf von Willebrand, Finnish physician (d. 1949)
- February 7 – Alfred Adler, Austrian psychologist (d. 1937)
- February 12
- February 20 – Jay Johnson Morrow, American military engineer, politician, 3rd Governor of the Panama Canal Zone (d. 1937)
- February 25 – Jelica Belović-Bernardzikowska, Croatian writer (d. 1946)
- March 5 – Frank Norris, American writer (d. 1902)
- March 10 – Ester Rachel Kamińska, Polish actress, "mother of Yiddish theatre" (d. 1925)
- March 13 – Seale Harris, American physician (d. 1957)
- March 17 – Horace Donisthorpe, English entomologist (d. 1951)
- March 20 – Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, German general (d. 1964)
- March 29 – Pavlos Melas, Greek revolutionary and army officer (d. 1904)
- March 31 – James M. Cox, Democratic candidate for President of the United States in the election of 1920 (d. 1957)
- April 1 – Hamaguchi Osachi, 27th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1931)
- April 4 – George Albert Smith, 8th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1951)
- April 17 – Ray Stannard Baker, American journalist, author (d. 1946)
- April 19 – J. Howard Crocker, Canadian educator and sports executive (d. 1959)
- April 21 – Edwin S. Porter, American film director (d. 1941)
- April 22 – Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary, first Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 1924)
- April 30 – Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
- May 9 – Harry Vardon, English golf professional (d. 1937)
- May 10 – Reginald Tyrwhitt, British admiral (d. 1951)
- May 19 – Albert Fish, American serial killer (d. 1936)
- May 24
- Benjamin N. Cardozo, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1938)
- Jan Smuts, South African soldier, statesman (d. 1950)
- June 13 – Jules Bordet, Belgian immunologist, microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1961)
- June 18 – Édouard Le Roy, French mathematician and philosopher (d. 1954)
- June 20 – Georges Dufrénoy, French post-impressionist painter (d. 1943)
- July 3 – R. B. Bennett, 11th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1947)
- July 9 – Mathew Beard, American supercentenarian, last surviving person born in 1870 (d. 1985)
- July 12 – Louis II, Prince of Monaco (d. 1949)
- July 25 – Maxfield Parrish, American illustrator (d. 1966)
- July 26 – Charles Becker, American policeman and murderer (d. 1915)
- July 27 – Hilaire Belloc, French/English man of letters (d. 1953)
- July 29 – George Dixon, Canadian boxer (d. 1909)
- August 2 – Marianne Weber, German sociologist and suffragist (d. 1954)
- August 4 – Harry Lauder, Scottish entertainer (d. 1950)
- August 10 – Hans Zenker, German admiral (d. 1932)
- August 11 – Tom Richardson, English cricketer (d. 1912)
- August 12 – Hubert Gough, British general (d. 1963)
- August 20 – Edward Stanley Kellogg, 16th Governor of American Samoa (d. 1948)
- August 31 – Maria Montessori, Italian educator (d. 1952)
- September 24 – Georges Claude, French engineer, inventor (d. 1960)
- September 26 – King Christian X of Denmark (d. 1947)
- September 30
- October 2 – Horace Hood, British admiral (d. 1916)
- October 4 – Karl Renner, 1st Chancellor of Austria (d. 1950)
- October 10 – Ivan Bunin, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1953)
- October 18 – D. T. Suzuki, Japanese philosopher (d. 1966)
- October 22 – Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Norwegian businessman, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1943)
- October 30 – Lawrence Grant, English actor (d. 1952)
- November 21 – Sigfrid Edström, Swedish sports official, President of the International Olympic Committee (d. 1964)
- November 27 – Juho Kusti Paasikivi, Prime Minister and President of Finland (d. 1956)
- November 28 – Gustavus M. Blech, German-American physician, surgeon (d. 1949)
- November 29 – Trixie Friganza, American actress (d. 1955)
- December 5 – Vítězslav Novák, Czech composer (d. 1949)
- December 9 – Francisco S. Carvajal, 36th President of Mexico (d. 1932)
- December 10 – Jadunath Sarkar, Indian historian (d. 1958)
- December 14
- December 18 – Saki, English writer (d. 1916)
- December 31 – Mbah Gotho, Indonesian man, oldest human (d. 2017)
- January 20 – Sir George Seymour, British admiral of the fleet (b. 1787)
- January 25 – Victor de Broglie, Prime Minister of France (b. 1785)
- January 29 – Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1797)
- February 7 – Sylvain Salnave, Haitian general, 9th President of Haiti (b. 18
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de diğer bölüm ve okulların üyeleri de komiteye eklenmelidir.
Edebiyata Katkı
T/D’nin temel gereksinimlerine ilişkin tartışmaların çoğu, ürünün “literatüre bir katkı” olduğu ifadesini içerir. Yine de, çok az ifade bu kadar kötü tanımlanmıştır. Yardımcı kılavuzların yokluğunda, öğrenciler bir katkı yapmak için kişinin yeni bir bilgi yığını keşfetmesi, yeni bir gerçeği kanıtlaması, yeni bir araç tasarlaması veya en azından orijinal bir teori inşa etmesi ve doğrulaması gerektiği sonucuna varabilir.
Aslında, bunlardan herhangi birini yapan lisansüstü araştırma çalışmaları kesinlikle memnuniyetle karşılanacak ve katkı olarak selamlanacaktır. Ancak, olağanüstü T/D’ler olurdu. Daha az büyüklükte oldukça değerli katkılar olabilir.
Öğrenciler, bir soruşturmada yoğun bir zaman ve çaba yatırımının sonunda olumsuz sonuçlar almaktan veya “hiçbir şey bulamamaktan” endişe duyarlar. Tezlerin ya da tezlerin kesin olarak reddedildiğine ilişkin söylentiler, ya belirsiz bulgularla ya da umulan sonucu desteklemek için sağlam bir temel olmadan sonuçlanıyor.
Krathwohl, olumlu sonuçların yokluğu hakkında şunları söylüyor:
Tezin kabul edilebilir olması için olumlu sonuçları olması gerekir mi? Bir teklifin olumlu sonuçlar vermesi için makul bir şansa sahip olması gerekir. Ama beklendiği gibi olmazsa, baştan başlamanız mı gerekiyor? Bunun gerekli olduğu hiçbir örnek bilmiyorum. Bunun yerine öğrencilerden olumsuz sonuçların neden ortaya çıktığını ve görünen çıkmaz sokaktan neler öğrenilebileceğini ellerinden geldiğince açıklamaları istenir.
Daha önce, Sternberg (1981) olumsuz sonuçlar hakkında hemen hemen aynı gözlemi yaptı. Bir Council of Graduate Schools yayını (LaPidus, 1990) ek bir inandırıcı yorum sunar: “Ancak, tanım gereği işlerin ille de istendiği gibi gitmediği orijinal araştırmalardan söz ettiğimizi unutmamak gerekir”. kısacası, vaat ediyormuş gibi görünen bir araştırma yaklaşımının aslında verimli olmadığını belirlemek ve göstermek ve nedenlerini açıklamak için kesinlikle yararlı bir katkıdır.
Komite, genel değerlendirme toplantısında ve öncesinde, T/D çalışma sürecine üründen biraz daha fazla dikkat edilmesi gerektiğini akılda tutacaktır. Öğrencinin, neyin meydana geldiğine ve neyin bulunduğuna dair akıllı raporlama da dahil olmak üzere araştırma süreçlerine ilişkin bilgisi ve uygulaması, gösterilen şeydir.
Konunun mutlaka öğrenci tarafından literatürle ilgili ve önemli olduğu gösterilmelidir. Ancak, araştırmanın potansiyel sonuçlarının araştırılması gereken bir konuyu açıklığa kavuşturmaya yetecek kadar değerlendirilip değerlendirilmediğini ve bulguların muhtemelen bir miktar genellenebilirliğe sahip olacağını sormak yeterlidir.
Bu kriterleri düşünürken hem öğrenci hem de öğretim üyesi, birçok alanda en belirgin ihtiyaçlardan birinin daha önce rapor edilmiş çalışmaları yeniden yapmak olduğunu unutmamalıdır. Tam çoğaltma nadiren gereklidir; yeni veya geliştirilmiş popülasyonlarla ve güçlendirilmiş tasarım ve iyileştirilmiş kontrollerle tekrarı kastediyoruz.
Ayrıca sıklıkla, daha önce rapor edilen verilerin yaratıcı bir şekilde yeniden analizi, daha net yorumların yolunu açar. Halihazırda rapor edilmiş bir fenomeni veya ilkeyi daha iyi anlamamıza yardımcı olan çalışmalar, bilgimizi daha güvenilir veya daha genellenebilir kılan çalışmalar ve ayrıca daha fazla araştırmayı öneren veya bize belirli bir araştırma sürecinin muhtemelen olmadığını söyleyen bulgulara sahip çalışmalar. terimin gözden geçirme komitesi tarafından uygulanması gerektiği anlamında literatüre katkılar olabilir.
21. yüzyıl yetkinlikleri nelerdir dünya ekonomik forumu 21. yüzyıl yetkinlikleri Eğitimde yetkinlikler Evrensel yetkinlikler Nelerdir Temel yetkinlik Nedir Temel yetkinlikler Yetkinlik Nedir Yetkinlik sözlüğü PDFIn Germania la produzione industriale ha mostrato una flessione dell'1,1% a settembre rispetto al precedente -3,5% (dato rivisto da -4%). Il mercato si attendeva un recupero in territorio positivo a +1 per cento.
Il nostro obiettivo è creare un luogo sicuro e coinvolgente in cui gli utenti possano entrare in contatto per condividere interessi e passioni. Per migliorare l’esperienza della nostra community, sospendiamo temporaneamente i commenti sugli articoliImportant new discoveries illuminate the form and history of the houses that lined one of London’s most celebrated lost landmarks. Dorian Gerhold explores the remarkable story of their construction and development.
Old London Bridge, lined with rickety-looking wooden houses, was by far the longest inhabited bridge in Europe, with the homes of more than 500 people – the equivalent of a small town – perched above the rushing waters of the Thames. It was also a crucial part of London’s road network, a principal shopping street and much admired by foreign visitors. A Frenchman, L. Grenade, wrote in 1578 that ‘there is no bridge in the whole of Europe which is on a great river like the Thames and as formidable, as spectacular and as bustling with trade as this bridge in London’. He ranked it with St Paul’s Cathe-dral, the Royal Exchange and the Tower as one of London’s most impressive structures.
Familiar as the bridge may seem from drawings, many questions about it remain unanswered. Remarkably little has been known, for example, about important aspects of the bridge’s structure, such as its width or about the form and history of the houses on it; most images show only the backs of these buildings. Now, however, new evidence makes it possible to reconstruct them.
The rediscovery of a series of 17th-century leases provides the dimensions of the rooms in each dwelling. Much of the bridge was also surveyed in 1683, just before a major rebuilding, and the results of that survey provide us with the measurements for the width and depth of each house, as well as the names of the leaseholders and occupants. These records unlock the entire history of the houses, by making it possible to identify their exact position on the bridge and to link the inhabitants with the individual dwellings shown in the views.
The bridge itself, built between 1176 and 1209, was a marvel of engineering, a vast structure constructed across a wide and powerful tidal river without the use of coffer dams. Several arches collapsed in 1281–82 and in 1437, after maintenance had been neglected, but, otherwise, the bridge was still structurally sound more than six centuries later. It had 19 piers with ‘starlings’ around each pier to protect the stonework from the scouring current. Houses were built across it from the start, together with a chapel, a stone gate and a drawbridge tower.
The measurements of 1683 include the width of the roadway, telling us that the bridge was several feet wider than previously thought: except where passing through defensive gates, it was a generous 15ft wide, which easily allowed two carts to pass each other. As the arches of the bridge were only 20ft to 24ft from side to side, however, it raises the question of how the houses ranged along both sides of the structure – some of them 34ft deep – were supported.
‘The addition of houses proved to be unwise, as they were twice burnt down during rebellions in the following century’
Historians have not previously remarked on how unusual the piers were. They were exceptionally long from one side of the bridge to the other – usually at least 60ft between the pointed ends. Some houses were firmly founded on these piers. The others were supported by massive beams described as ‘hammer beams’, laid from pier to pier parallel to the roadway. Those installed in 1684 were 20in by 18in in cross section.
The houses on hammer beams were usually less deep than those on piers, but both could be of reasonable size, which was probably the reason for making the piers so long. The extra cost was worthwhile because rents from the bridge houses provided about a quarter of the bridge’s income.
An important feature was the series of ‘cross buildings’ built over the street. They have previously been regarded as little more than tie-overs at the top of the houses, but the leases tell a different story. Cross buildings began in the first storey, only about 10ft above the roadway, and continued up to the garrets. Roughly every other house had one, usually shared with the house across the street. The effect at ground level must have been like passing through an intermittent and rather gloomy tunnel.
One benefit of cross buildings was the extra space they provided, but their main purpose was probably to make the houses into a more rigid structure better able to resist strong winds. Cross buildings are recorded in largely the same places in the first survey of the bridge, made in 1358, and had probably existed from the start.
Now that we know the size and position of each house in the 17th century, we can trace the houses back in time through the bridge rentals as far as the survey of 1358. In doing so, we find houses being merged or, less often, divided. This information gives us the layout only a century and a half after the bridge was completed and makes it possible to recover the original plan. Apart from the chapel, the stone gate and the drawbridge tower, there were 124 houses, each about 10ft wide, arranged in three groups on each side.
At first, a clear space was left between the two defensive buildings – the drawbridge tower and the stone gate. Houses were added there in the late 14th century, bringing the total to 138, but this proved to be unwise, as they were twice burnt down during rebellions in the following century.
The houses probably originally consisted of two storeys – a shop on the ground floor and a chamber or hall above. All were built and maintained by the Bridge House, the organisation that, under the City of London’s authority, maintained the bridge.
With the knowledge we now have, dates of rebuilding can often be identified from the Bridge House accounts. These start in 1460 and usually identify rebuilt properties only by the name of the leaseholder. About two-thirds of the houses were rebuilt between 1477 and 1548, including 32 between 1526 and 1548, so it is buildings of that period that dominate the familiar historic views.
Unlike the original houses, the rebuilds had three or four storeys, plus garrets, and included kitchens and further chambers. The most spectacular revival was slightly later, in 1577–79, when the drawbridge tower was replaced by Nonsuch House, a magni-ficent timber structure with a Classical façade. Despite the name, it consisted of two large houses, one on each side. It has usually been said, without any evidence, to have been pre-fabricated in Holland and shipped over, but the accounts record a long process whereby carpenters and labourers constructed it in the Bridge House yard. The architect of Nonsuch House was Lewis Stockett, who was both the Bridge House’s chief carpenter and Surveyor of the Queen’s Works.
In the 17th century, the ground floor of every house still accommodated a shop, some still 10ft wide, but some twice that. Most had a cellar below, either one within the stonework of the pier or a ‘hanging cellar’ suspended from the hammer beam. On the first floor was a hall and usually another room.
The hall was almost invariably on the river side, often with a balcony or ‘lead’ from which the views could be enjoyed. The second floor had a kitchen and usually a chamber. The kitchen could not be next to the hall on the first floor because it, too, needed to be on the river side, so water could be hauled up in buckets and waste disposed of. Above the second floor were more chambers and garrets. All the houses were timber-built, but with brick chimneys, and weatherboarded.
Unlike tourist attractions today, the bridge was not dominated by sellers of food, souvenirs or goods that might be bought on impulse; indeed, there were no alehouses until late in its history. When first recorded in the late 14th century, four-fifths of the shopkeepers were haberdashers, glovers, cutlers, bowyers or fletchers. The advantage of being on the bridge was that shops quickly became widely known, they were part of clusters of shops in the same trade and the location was prestigious. Rents were especially high at the northern end.
The archetypal bridge shop throughout its history was the haberdasher’s, then selling an even wider range of goods than now, including paper and parchment, hats, under-
garments and almost any small items. The four other trades declined in the 15th century and were replaced by even more haberdashers, by dealers in textiles and by grocers. These, in turn, gave way in the late 17th century to a more miscellaneous range of shops, selling, among other things, stationery, pins and durable goods such as scales and trunks.
In 1633, a maidservant left a bucket of hot ashes under a staircase overnight and all the houses on the northern part of the bridge were burnt down. It was not fully rebuilt until 1682–83, by which time the roadway there had been widened to 20ft.
The City of London was determined to widen the rest of the bridge, but wanted to keep the houses and also not to pay anything. It contrived to do so by indicting the leaseholders for ‘nuisance’ caused by the fronts of their houses and the cross buildings. If they rebuilt, leaving 20ft for the roadway and with cross buildings at second-floor instead of first-floor level, they could have relatively long leases (61 years) at the existing low rents. They complied, with much grumbling.
The new houses were somewhat more regular than their predecessors, with a consistent back line. They compensated for lost ground in front by extending further backwards over the river on sturdy carpentry. Not all the builders proved equal to this task, however, and several houses sagged. The internal planning changed: there were first-floor kitchens on the river side, next to the halls, which were now on the street side. Water was obtained either from the waterworks at the north end or by pumping it up. In 1695, there were 551 inhabitants, comprising 101 heads of household (92 men and nine women), 84 wives, 67 sons, 87 daughters, 75 male servants (probably all apprentices), 82 female servants and 55 others, such as lodgers.
Most of the leases granted in the 1680s ended in the 1740s, and this coincided with a general slump in the property market. The rise of the West End meant that the bridge had declined as a shopping street, too. Most of the existing houses could be repaired at modest cost, but 15 at the north end needed to be rebuilt and the Bridge House lost heavily in doing so. Moreover, London Bridge was challenged by the new bridge at West-minster, opened in 1750 – 30ft wide with two 6ft-wide footpaths and no houses.
The idea of removing houses to widen the roadway was controversial, and was resisted by the City’s Common Council, but they were eventually demolished in 1757–61. After 550 years, the bridge ceased to be inhabited.
It lasted another 70 years, until it was replaced by a new one on the current site in 1831.
Nothing now marks the place of this lost monument, apart from St Magnus’s Church. Its tower once adjoined the north end of old London Bridge and framed the first view of the city. It’s a view the modern tourist struggles to picture, but which we can now reconstruct in much greater detail than before.
This article is based on new research published by the London Topographical Society in 2019Ne zaman yatırımfarklı bir portföye sahip olmak her zaman önemlidir. Bu çeşitlendirme, hisse senetleri, tahviller ve diğer yatırımların bir karışımını tutmak anlamına gelir. Ayrıca, farklı büyüklükteki şirketlerin ve farklı endüstrilerden, sektörlerden ve ülkelerden hisselere yatırım yapmak anlamına gelir. Bununla birlikte, bazı bireysel şirketler, kendi başlarına portföyünüzü daha çeşitli hale getirmeye yardımcı olabilecek çok çeşitli iş ve gelir akışlarına sahiptir.
Bu şirketlerin çoğu milyarlarca dolar gelirli büyük, çok uluslu şirketler. Genellikle "mavi yonga" stokları olarak adlandırılırlar ve bazı ev isimleri ile dikkate almadığınız bazılarını da içerirler. Gelir akışlarının çeşitliliği nedeniyle, bu şirketler çok sağlam borsa icracılarıdır ve genellikle hisse fiyatındaki büyük dalgalanmalardan etkilenmezler.
Aşağıdaki listede, en çeşitli ABD şirketlerini ve bunların yatırım portföyünüz üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerini inceleyelim.
Johnson ve Johnson [NYSE: JNJ]
Johnson & Johnson'u yara bandı, bebek şampuanı ve diğer ev sağlık ürünleri üreticisi olarak görüyoruz, ancak bu şirket çok daha fazlasını
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are many ways...
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explain how it will affect earth. Energy conservation is a big problem here in American and around the world, the US is the number one violator in the energy wasting, we as American waste about seventy percent, with Russia and China right behind us. (Energy Conservation, (H Enringer, 2007) Before we can find...
Starches & Roots
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Energy conservation refers to reducing energy through using less of an energy service. Energy conservation differs from efficient energy use, which refers to using less energy for a constant service. For example, driving less is an example of energy conservation. Driving the same amount with a higher...
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN INDIA INTRODUCTION
India has made rapid strides towards economic self-reliance over the last few years. Impressive progress has been made in the fields of industry, agriculture, communication, transport and other sectors necessitating growing consumption of energy for developmental...
or light, there is no mass lost in the amount of matter that is used in this conversion. When we look at fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil, these are considered non-renewable resources. Fossil fuels have formed over thousands of years from combinations of types of organic matter like plants...The flashcards below were created by user
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
Computerized techniques that imitate human decision making.
chief information officer
This person in the organization is responsible for managing the organization's information systems.
clinical decision support systems
Systems that are designed to integrate medical information, patient information, and a decision making tool to generate information to assist with cases.
computerized physician order entry
Electronic system that enables a physician to order prescriptions, lab tests, etc.
This software program alerts physicians and clinicians about potential drug-drug interactions.
A decision support system that uses lab data and symptoms to produce a ranked list of diagnoses.
Use of information technology to deliver education, research, and clinical care.
electronic medical record
Electronic patient medical information that is accumulated in one health system and is used by the providers who treat the patient.
enterprise data warehouse
An integration of data from several different sources that supports strategic decision making.
Physicians electronically prescribe medicine for their patients.
Microsoft Web site that enables patients to maintain their medical information and access health education.
Computer application to tissues and organs.
- -Science of computer application to data in different industries.
- -Refers to the scicence of computer application to data in different industries.
Systems that electronically transforms data that can be used in organizations to be used for decision making.
These are older systems in an organization.
- -Science of computer application that supports clinical and research data in different areas of health care.
- - Health or medical informatics.
Use of information technology to enable healthcare providers to communicate with patients that may not be able to visit them physically because they are in a rural area.
Health Information system
are system that store, transmit, collect, and retrieve these data
Health information technology's (HIT)
goal is to manage the health data that can be used by patients/consumers, insurance companies, healthcare providers, healthcare administrators, and any stakeholder that has an interest in health care.
- - impacts every aspect of the healthcare industry.
- -All stakeholders in the healthcare industry use HIT
Information Technology (IT)
- -has had a tremendous impact on the healthcare industry because it allows documentation of every trasaction to be more quickly documented.
- When an industry focuses on saving lives, it is important that all activty has a written document that describes the activity
The main focus of HIT is record
- -Both President Bush and Obama have supported this intiative.
- - This is the foundation of many IT system because it will enable different system to share the patients information which will increase the quality and efficiency of health care.
History of IT in Health Care
Computers’ first widespread use was in the 1960s as a result of the implementation of Medicaid and Medicare.
- -Health care providers were inundated with forms to complete for both programs. In order to receive reimbursement from both programs, services needed to be tracked, forms needed to be completed and submitted to these programs.
- -As a result, computers were used to assist with the financial management of these programs.
- -As a result of computer integration, more health care providers recognized the efficiency of computers to manage programs. Hospitals particularly recognized the efficiency of electronic billing
-During the 19060s, hospitals developed their own computer system that housed their financial information.
-the hospital were responsible for the maintenance of these system.
- -these system, which were large mainframe system, required a large staff to maintain their operations.
- -All of the hospitals' data was stored on these mainframe computers
-Computer programs were developed by the hosptial to extract data reports. these mainframe computers were very expensive.
- -they were eventually replaced in 1970s with minicomputers which were more efficent, more cost-effective and easier to maintain.
- -these minicomputers were connected to main computers that stored all of the data.
- -these minicomputers were also used to enter information
- -Eventually, specific computer system were developed for laboratory and clinics.
the 1980-1990s, the development and widespread use of personal computers (PCs) revolutionized information systems and technology.
-PCs were not reliant on a main computer for analyses. they were able to generate more sophisticated reports.
- -PCs were often linked as a network to share information among different departments in hospitals.
- -The development of a PC also enabled more computerization of physician practices.
The establishment of a Chief Information Officer (CIO) in health care organizations emphasized the importance information systems and technology had become to health care organizations
- -the US healthcare system has been the world leader for developing cutting-edge technology in healht care.
- -it has impacted how diagnostic procedures are performed, how data is collected and disseminated, how medicine is delivered, how providers treat their pateients, and how sugeries are performed.
-there are several healthcare stakeholders that impacted by technology.
-Comsumers, providers, employers, researchers all governmental levels, nonprofit and forprofit healthcare organization and insurance payers have all been impacted by technology.
-Technological advances have been blamed, in part for the continued rise of healthcare expenditures, but the results of technological advances cannot be disputed.
The Institute of Medicine has published a series of reports over the past several years that focus on improving the quality of health care in the United States.
-In 2001, they published the report “Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21stCentury”, which stresses the importance of improving the information technology infrastructure.
They emphasize the importance of an electronic health record (EHR), an electronic record of patient’s medical history. They also discuss the importance of patient safety by establishing data standards for collecting patient information
-In 2004, President Bush established within the Department of Health and Human Services, the Office of the National Coordinator for Information Technology.
-In 2005, the American Health InformationCommunity (AHIC) was chartered to develop recommendations on how to increase health information technology use in our health care system.
They focused on surveillance, consumer awareness, chronic health care and electronic health care records
In 2008, this initiative was renamed the National eHealth Collaborative.
- this organization has already met with president obama regarding HIT.
- - During his tenure, President Bush indicated that most U.S. citizens should have an electronic patient record by 2014.
- - President Obama has also supported this issue. Obama has budgeted $19 billion to accelerate the use of computerized medical records in physicians’ office by creating regional health IT extension centers.
Electronic Patient Record
-In 1991 and 1997, the Institute of Medicine issued reports that focused on the impact of computerbased patients’ records as important technology for improving health care .
-There are two concepts in electronic patient records that are used interchangeably yet are different—the electronic medical record (EMR/EHR) and the electronic health record.
- According to the National alliance for Health Information Technology:
- The electronic health record (EHR ) is the electronic record of health-related information on an individual that is accumulated from one health system and is utilized by the health organization that is providing patient care.
- - Simply, the EHR is an EMR that can be integrated with other systems
The Institute of medicine has been urging the healthcare industry to adopt the electronic patient record but initially cost were too high and the health community did not embrace the recommendation.
- As software cost have declined, more healthcare providers have adopted the use of the EHR system.
- -In 2003 HHS began to promote the use of HIT including the use of EHR.
- - the IOM was asked to identify essential elements for the establishment of an EHR.
The IOM broadly defined the definition of EHR to include:
- -the collection of longitudinal data on a person's health.
- -Immediate electronic access to this information.
- -Establish of a system that provides decision support to ensure the quality, safety, and efficiency of patient care.
Benefits of Electronic Patient Records
Many administrators cited the capability of more comprehensive reporting that integrated both clinical and administrative data.
-It also provided an opportunity to analyze and review patient outcomes because of the standardization of the clinical assessments.
-Also noted was the development of electronic automated reports that improved the discharge of a patient. The reports also provided an opportunity for the administrator to assess the workload of a department.
- -The EHR also improved operational efficiency and had excellent capabilities to process and store data.
- - Administrators also reported that the computerized documentation took 30% less time than the previous handwritten notes
However it is difficult to develop an electonical record that can integrate with other medical systems.
-It is important that standards are developed for EHR to ensure standard data elements are collected and to ensure that the software will be integrated into other others system
-Several studies indicated there was an improvement in interdepartmental communication.
-Several studies indicated there was an improvement in interdepartmental communication.
-The EHR provided aggregate data in the patient records to other departments and the information about the patient was legible.
- The EHR allowed accessibility by many departments regarding integrated care.
- -The actual design and implementation of an EHR system developed a more interdisciplinary approach to patient care. The implementation of an EHR system led to improved data accuracy because it reduced the need to replicate data.
- -EHR system provides an opportunity for future research. The data captured in the database could be used to analyze outcomes and develop baseline data for future research
Barriers to Electronic Patient Records
-A major issue with any national implementation of an electronic heath record system is the development of data standards that should be used nationally.
-From a user perspective such as a physician’s office, a major issue with EHR implementation was the cost of the implementation of the system.
-Software purchases, hardware, network upgrades, training and computer personnel must be considered in the purchase of the system.
- -Estimates vary from $15,000-$30,000 per physician which can be amortized over a period of 5 years.
- -Estimates should also include annual costs of $5,000-$15,000 over the first 5 years.
-In 2008, Microsoft announced their Health-Vault website (www.healthvault.com) that enables patients to develop electronic health records free of charge.
- It is up to the individual as to how much medical information the person wants to store online with this website.
- -The website also has links to several health websites that can assist with exercise programs, heart issues, drug reactions, software that allows users to share their medical information with their providers, etc.
- -In November 2008, the Cleveland Clinic agreed to pilot data exchanges between HealthVault and the Cleveland Clinic’s personal health record system. The Clinic has enrolled 400 patients in the areas of diabetes, hypertension and heart disease to test the system.
Legal and Ethical Issues of Electronic Patient Records
-However, legal and ethical issues are also a concern. As with any technological development, regulations often lag behind its’ implementation.
- -A major legal barrier is the sharing of the patient information electronically with other providers. Does this violate any HIPAA regulations pertaining to privacy and confidentiality? Does the patient have to consent this sharing of information each time their information is electronically shared with other providers.
- - Recent surveys have indicated that nearly 50 percent of U.S. adults polled indicated they had concerns about privacy and security of their information but felt that a computerized system like EHRs would outweigh the risks.
- - The remaining 50 percent of those polled indicated that the EHR systems do not outweigh the risks of privacy and security
Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS)
-Artificial intelligence (AI) is a field of computerized methods and technologies to imitate human decision making
-A technique of AI is expert systems (EI) which were developed to imitate expert’s knowledge in decision making .
- -Electronic clinical decision support systems are systems that are designed to integrate medical information, patient information and a decision making tool to generate information to assist with cases. They are a type of knowledge-based system. The key functions of a CDSS are:
- 1) administrative,
- 2) case management,
- 3) cost control
- 4) decision support.
-Specifically, expert systems can be used to alert and remind health care providers of a patient’s condition change, or to have a laboratory test performed or have an intervention performed.
- An expert system can also assist with a diagnosis using the system’s database. The system can expose any weaknesses in a treatment plan or check for drug interactions and allergies.
- A system can also interpret imaging tests routinely to flag any abnormalities. It is important to note that the more complex duties of a system require the integration of an EMR/EHR system so the system can interface with the patient dat
research over the past several years indicated that CDSSs have many potential benefits that can be classified into three categories:
1. improved patient safety
2. improve quality of care
3 improved efficiency in healthcare delivery
- -although the barriers to implementation were identified previously the benefits for many institutions have outweighed those barriers so they have found ways to utilize these CDSSs.
- - more CDSSs are being developed to provide information for various type of diseases.
Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE)
-Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE) are clinical decision support systems that enable a patient’s provider to enter a prescription order, order for a lab or diagnostic test into a computer system. The order entry has four components:
- 1) information can be entered from a handheld device, laptop or desktop computer,
- 2) it enables the provider to order a test or prescription, or procedure,
- 3) it is connected to a decision support system that alerts the provider to any problems with their orders, and
- 4) it can be integrated into the overall computer system of the organization.
-E-prescribing, a form of CPOE, focuses on electronic prescription ordering by a provider for their patient.
- It also focuses on improving patient safety.
- -Medication ordering and the administration of these medications can be incorrectly given to a patient because of similar sound names, similar dosages, similar labeling.
- -E-prescribing can be performed on a desk computer, laptop or hand-held device that will records physicians’ prescription orders which eliminates having an individual reading a hand written prescription.
PHARMANCY BENEFIT MANAGERS (PBM)
-E-prescribing will become more commonplace with the mandates of Medicare. In order to manage this technology effectively and efficiently, a Pharmacy Benefit Manager(PBM) uses technology based tools to assess and evaluate the management of the prescription component so it can be customized to address the needs of the organization
- PBMs are companies that administer drug benefits for employers and health insurance carriers.
-They contract with managed care organizations, self insured employers, Medicaid and Medicare managed care plans, federal health insurance programs and local government organizations
Approximately 95% of all patients with drug coverage received benefits through a PBM
Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs)
-Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs) are used by software programs to alter pharmacists and clinicians about potential drug-drug interactions.
- These alerts can be notifying the provider that two drugs may interact or there may be management strategies provided regarding the DDIs
- -In a January 2009 article entitled” Development of computerized alerts with management strategies for 25 serious drug-drug interactions”, a group of experts developed a list of 25 important DDIs and management strategies that should be used in when prescribing in an ambulatory setting.
- -Alert messaging was developed for these 25 DDIs for eRx and pharmacy systems. This type of additional information will educate providers regarding potential issues while prescribing
-Telehealth is the broad term that encompasses the use of information technology to deliver education, research and clinical care.
-An important activity of telehealth is the use of email as a communication between providers and their patients.
-In an American Medical Association 2004 survey, approximately 25% of physicians reported they communicated with their patients via e-mail.
-Telehealth also includes communication between health care providers
E-health refers to the use of the Internet by both individuals and health care professionals to access education, research and products and services. There are several online websites such as www.webmd.com and www.healthline.com that provide consumers general health care information
-Telemedicine refers to the use of information technology to enable health care providers to communicate with rural care providers regarding patient care or to communicate directly with patients regarding treatment.
-The basic form of telemedicine is a telephone consultation.
- Telemedicine is most frequently used in pathology and radiology because images can be transmitted to a distant location where a specialist will read the results.
- - Telemedicine is becoming more common because it increases health care access to remote locations such as rural areas. It also is a cost effective mode of treatment
Chief Information office
-As more health care services are delivered electronically, many health care organizations have designated a Chief Information officer (CIO) to manage the organization’s information systems.
-Some organizations may also refer this position as a Chief Technology Officer (CTO) or they may have both.
-Normally, the CIO is a vice president of the organization and the CTO reports to that position. The CIO also integrates HIT into the organization’s strategic plan
-The CIO must have knowledge of current information technologies as they apply to the healthcare industry and how new techology can apply to the organization
-the CIO is also responsible for motivating employees whenever there is any technological change.
COUNCIL FOR AFFORDABLE QUALITY HEALTH CARE
-(CAQH)This nonprofit organization consists of alliances of health plans and trade associations to discuss efficiency initiatives to exchange patient information.
-As part of their initiative, they
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ادا از این طریق می بایست با ارائه مدارک مالی مختلف اثبات نمایند، توانایی پرداخت هزینه های زندگی در کانادا را دارند. به طور کلی هزینه های مربوط به اخذ ویزای خود اشتغالی کانادا به شرح ذیل می باشد.
- هزینه بررسی مدارک و صدور ویزا ۱۵۵ دلار
- هزینه انگشت نگاری (بیومتریک) ۸۵ دلار
مراحل مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا
همانگونه که که ذکر گردید ورزشکارانی که قصد مهاجرت به کانادا را دارند، می بایست اثبات نمایند توانایی کسب درآمد در حوزه فعالیت های خود را به طور مستقل دارند. برای مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا نوعی سیستم امتیازبندی وجود دارد، که بر مبنای مواردی نظیر سابقه کار، سن، تحصیلات، تطبیق پذیری با محیط و تسلط بر زبان انگلیسی تعریف شده است.
از این رو متقاضیان می بایست در اولین قدم حداقل ۳۵ امتیاز از آیتم های مربوطه را کسب نمایند. لازم به ذکر است ورزشکارانی که در تمام مدت ۵ سال قبل از درخواست ویزای کانادا دارای سابقه کار می باشند ۳۵ امتیاز کسب خواهند کرد، و عملاً نیازی به کسب امتیاز از آیتم های دیگر را نخواهند داشت. پس از کسب امتیازات لازم در مرحله اول متقاضیان اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران می بایست با ارائه مدارک مالی و شغلی اثبات نمایند شرایط اخذ ویزای خود اشتغالی کانادا را دارند.
ویزای ورزشکاران و هنرمندان زیر مجموعه ویزای خوداشتغالی کانادا می باشند، تفاوت سیستم امتیاز بندی ویزای ورزشکاران با هنرمندان اضافه شدن آیتم سن به ویزای ورزشکاران می باشد. به طور کلی امتیازات مربوط به آیتم های تعریف شده در سیستم امتیازبندی ویزای ورزشکاران به شرح ذیل می باشد.
|آیتم||امتیاز|
|سابقه کار||حداکثر تا ۳۵ امتیاز|
|میزان تحصیلات||حداکثر تا ۲۵ امتیاز|
|تسلط به زبان (انگلیسی یا فرانسوی)||حداکثر تا ۲۴ امتیاز|
|شرایط سنی||حداکثر تا ۱۰ امتیاز|
|تطبیق پذیری با محیط||حداکثر تا ۶ امتیاز|
مدارک لازم برای مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا
به طور کلی برای دریافت هر نوع ویزایی ارائه مدارک مربوطه از سوی متقاضی الزامی خواهد بود، ویزای ورزشکاران کانادا نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نیست. برای مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا متقاضیان می بایست با ارائه مدارکی نظیر سابقه کار حرفه ای، مدارک تحصیلی، مدرک زبان و مدارک مالی جهت اثبات توانایی پرداخت هزینه های زندگی در بدو ورود به کانادا برای اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران کانادا اقدام نمایند.
از سوی دیگر یکی از مهم ترین عوامل در اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران کانادا اثبات فعالیت های متقاضی به صورت خوداشتغالی خواهد بود. به طور کلی مدارک اصلی اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران کانادا به شرح ذیل می باشد.
لیست مدارک مورد نیاز جهت اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران
- سابقه کار حرفه ای مرتبط با رشته ورزشی فرد متقاضی
- تمکن مالی جهت اثبات توانایی پرداخت هزینه های زندگی
- اثبات خود اشتغالی
- مدرک تحصیلی
- مدرک زبان
- عدم سوء پیشینه
- تست پزشکی
معرفی مشاغل ورزشی در کانادا
به طور کلی کلیه ورزشکارن و دست اندرکاران ورزشی نظیر مربیان، داوران، مسئولین برگزاری مسابقات و فعالان حوزه رسانه در کلیه رشته های ورزشی که از رزومه شغلی مناسبی برخوردار می باشند، می توانند جهت اخذ ویزای ورزشکاران و مهاجرت به کانادا از این روش اقدام نمایند.
کانادا از طبیعت و اقلیم بسیار بکری برخوردار است، با توجه شرایط آب و هوایی کانادا و موقعیت جغرافیایی این کشور ورزش های زمستانی نظیر اسکی، هاکی و … از طرفداران فراوانی برخوردار می باشند. البته از آنجا که طیف گسترده ای از اقشار مختلف جامعه در کانادا علاقه شدیدی به فعالیت های ورزشی مختلف دارند، علاوه بر ورزش های زمستانی کلیه رشته های ورزشی طرفداران مختص به خود را خواهند داشت. به طور کلی رشته های ورزشی پرطرفدارا در کانادا به شرح ذیل می باشند.
- هاکی
- اسکی
- لارکس
- بیسبال
- فوتبال آمریکایی
- کریکت
- فوتبال
- شنا
- دومیدانی
- سوارکاری
- مشت زنی (بوکس)
- بسکتبال
مزایای مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا
کشور کانادا علاوه بر طبیعت و اقلیم بکر از اقتصادی بسیار قدرتمند و امکانات رفاهی و اجتماعی قابل توجهی برخوردار می باشد، از این رو کانادا همواره به عنوان یکی از محبوب ترین مقاصد مهاجرتی جهان به شمار می آید. در بین کلیه روش های مهاجرتی کانادا، مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا به عنوان یکی از کم هزینه ترین روش های مهاجرتی کانادا محسوب می شود، که از مزایای فراوانی برخوردار است.
متقاضیان ویزای ورزشکاران پس از ورود به کانادا و اخذ اقامت دائم این کشور، می توانند از برنامه حمایت ورزشکاران (APP) بهره مند گردند. فعالیت های برنامه (APP) که تحت مدیریت سازمان Sport Canada قرار دارد، در راستای تامین هزینه های مالی و تهیه بهترین امکانات ورزشی جهت تمرین ورزشکارانی است، که تبعه کانادا می باشند و برای این کشور در عرصه های بین المللی و داخلی مشغول به فعالیت هستند. این برنامه حمایتی حتی در برخی از موارد هزینه های زندگی ورزشکاران حرفه ای را نیز پوشش می دهد.
علاوه بر سایر مزایای مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا این روش مهاجرت از ۲ حسن و مزیت بسیار مهم نیز برخوردار است، این ۲ مزیت را می توان به اینگونه توصیف نمود که اولاً متقاضیان مهاجرت به کانادا از این طریق بر خلاف اغلب روش های مهاجرتی کانادا نیازی به تسلط کامل با زبان انگلیسی و ارائه مدرک ایلتس با نمرات بالا را نخواهند داشت، و می توانند با ارائه مدرک ایلتس با نمرات پایین نیز برای اخذ این ویزا اقدام نمایند. ثانیاً مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا از جمله سریعترین روش های اخذ اقامت دائم این کشور به شمار می آید.
نتیجه گیری
بدون تردید کانادا به لطف شرایط اقتصادی ایده ال، امکانات رفاهی و اجتماعی ایده ال، ثبات سیاسی، امنیت و … به عنوان یکی از مقاصد اصلی مهاجرت در جهان محسوب می شود. برای مهاجرت به کانادا روش های بسیار متنوعی وجود دارد، در بین کلیه روش های مهاجرتی کانادا، مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا با توجه به مزایای فراوانی که دارد، قطعاً روشی بسیار کم هزینه، مناسب و ایده ال برای مهاجرت به کانادا خواهد بود.
از سوی دیگر با توجه به اهمیت فعالیت های ورزشی برای دولت کانادا این کشور با انجام سرمایه گذاری های کلان در حوزه فعالیت های ورزشی در کلیه سطوح، بهترین امکانات ورزشی را در اختیار ورزشکاران قرار می دهد. از این رو مهاجرت ورزشکاران به کانادا علاوه بر پیشرفت افراد در رشته ورزشی مورد نظر مسیر بسیار ایده الی برای اخذ اقامت دائم کانادا خواهد بود.Disposizioni sulla tutela dei dati
Per utilizzare la funzione di valutazione per programmi è necessario attuare uno scambio di dati tra il proprio PC e TuneUp Software GmbH con sede a Darmstadt (TuneUp), l'affiliata tedesca della società licenziante AVG Netherlands B.V. (AVG). Attivando la funzione, l'utente accetta questo scambio di dati.
Di seguito, vengono fornite informazioni su quali dati vengono trasmessi e salvati in TuneUp e sul loro utilizzo.
1. Tipo e ambito dei dati trasmessi e salvati
I dati seguenti vengono trasmessi dal PC dell'utente a TuneUp e salvati a intervalli regolari.
- Riconoscimento utente anonimizzato
- Riconoscimento sistema anonimizzato
- Inserimenti programma nel PC utente
- Inserimenti autostart nel PC utente
- Valutazioni dell'utente
2. Scopo del rilevamento dati
Per la visualizzazione delle valutazioni AVG PC TuneUp viene calcolato un valore medio di tutte le valutazioni che gli utenti TuneUp hanno fornito per il programma in questione. In questo modo si garantisce che la valutazione rispecchi il parere della maggioranza degli utenti sull'utilità e la qualità dei programmi valutati. Ciò può essere di grande aiuto per prendere una decisione sull'utilizzo saltuario o sull'acquisto del programma.
Per poter avere una valutazione media affidabile si rivela quindi di particolare importanza che ogni utente possa fornire una sola valutazione per ogni programma e sia possibile una registrazione differenziata e precisa delle valutazioni.
Il codice dell'utente (User-GUID) è un codice cifrato che consente un'acquisizione anonima e differenziata delle valutazioni, anche se un PC è condiviso da diversi utenti. Il codice del sistema (System-GUID) è un codice che consente un'acquisizione differenziata e anonima delle valutazioni di diversi PC. Una combinazione fra GUID dell'utente e GUID del sistema consente un'acquisizione anonima e affidabile delle valutazioni e la loro attribuzione agli utenti corrispondenti. Utilizzando questi codici, si evitano falsificazioni delle valutazioni di un programma attraverso la loro ripetizione da parte di un utente. Ciò non preclude comunque la possibilità di valutare nuovamente un programma. In questo caso, la nuova valutazione non viene registrata come ulteriore valutazione di un programma, ma sostituisce quella precedente.
Sui programmi installati sul PC dell'utente vengono registrati i dati seguenti: nome del programma e produttore, versione e nome del file. Questi dati consentono un'attribuzione precisa e differenziata della valutazione per un dato programma.
Le immissioni autostart presenti sul PC vengono registrate in collegamento ai programmi corrispondenti installati, trasmesse a TuneUp e salvate. A tal fine è possibile fornire valutazioni che vengono registrate indipendentemente dal programma corrispondente.
TuneUp utilizza inoltre i dati anonimi memorizzati nell'ambito della funzione di valutazione per effettuare analisi di mercato e sul prodotto, che permettono al gruppo AVG di perfezionare i suoi prodotti ed il suo portafoglio.
3. Pubblicazione e inoltro dei dati
TuneUp si riserva il diritto di utilizzare, pubblicare e trasmettere a terzi i dati, le singole valutazioni e le valutazioni medie registrate nell'ambito della funzione di valutazione per i programmi, per statistiche e analisi.
4. Occorrenza e tipo di trasmissione dati
I dati riportati al numero 1 vengono trasferiti a TuneUp in forma codificata all'avvio del modulo Uninstall Manager, StartUp Manager e Program Deactivator. Inoltre, vengono effettuati trasferimenti a intervalli regolari, oppure quando si rilevano modifiche dei dati trasferiti precedentemente.
5. Diritto di recesso
L'utente può revocare in qualsiasi momento la partecipazione allo scambio dei dati utente disattivando la funzione di valutazione programmi. Disattivando la funzione di valutazione, dal PC dell'utente vengono cancellate le valutazioni degli altri utenti di AVG PC TuneUp. Le valutazioni possono essere archiviate in vista di una successiva riattivazione della funzione o cancellate definitivamente. In entrambi i casi, a TuneUp non saranno trasferiti dati fino a una nuova attivazione della funzione di valutazione per i programmi.Despite what Popeye
, or for that matter your mother
, may say, spinach isn’t actually a particularly high source of iron
. In fact this misconception came about because of a mathematical
error. In the 1890’s, scientist
s researching the nutritional value of various vegetable
s put a decimal point in the wrong place during their calculations. The result: Spinach appeared to have ten times the iron
content that it actually has.
The myth that spinach has a high iron content and that it can make you strong has endured thanks to a certain cartoon character. It is not that spinach is particularly low in iron it just doesn't contain any more than most other green vegetables and only about 5% of the iron can be absorbed by the body.
Red meat is a far better source, suggesting that Wimpy, with his love for hamburgers, should have been the one fighting Bluto.Why Are My Eyes Dry?
Dry eye is a condition that affects millions of people worldwide.
In fact, it’s one of the most common reasons that patients pay a visit to their eye doctor. We’ve all had those days where our eyes feel dry, tired and irritated. But what does it mean? And what if it persists?
What Is Dry Eye Disease?
Tears are essential for eye health and visual performance. They protect the eye from infections and lubricate the eye’s surface, keeping it moist and washing away dust and debris. When the eye fails to produce enough tears, or the tears are not of the correct consistency, dry eye can occur.
[iframe https://www.youtube.com/embed/LPQka_XRYrk?rel=0 620 349]
Dry eye is often a chronic problem–particularly in older adults–although it can occur among any age group. Some possible causes of dry eye are:
- Aging, especially hormone changes caused by menopause
- Certain medications such as antihistamines, birth control pills, antidepressants and some antibiotics
- Infrequent blinking during high-focus activities such as working from a computer, reading, watching television or playing video games can lead to dry eye symptoms
- Other illnesses are associated with dry eye, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren’s syndrome
Experiencing dry eye can be uncomfortable and bothersome. Symptoms vary from case to case, however some report blurred vision, light sensitivity, itching and redness and a gritty feeling in the eye. As ironic as it sounds, a common symptom of dry eyes is excessive tearing and watery eyes. This happens because when the eyes are dry, the body may overcompensate and produce too many tears.
Talk To Us About Dry Eye
If you feel that your eyes are dry throughout the day or on a regular basis, or if you experience any of the above symptoms, come in to see us. Based on the underlying cause of your dry eye symptoms, we will be able to offer information on certain treatment options. If you have any questions, call us or leave it in the comments below. Your eye health is important to us!*Romanya Masonluğuna önemli hizmetleri olan Micael Noradunghian, amcası ve Abdulhamit’in Dışişleri Bakanı Mason Gabriel Noradunghian’ın desteği ile hızla yükselmişti
Ivan Patzaichin, Lipovan (Rus Ortadoks) etnik kökenli Rumen kano- kayık sporcusu.
1968, 1972, 1980 ve 1984 Yaz Olimpiyatları’nda dört kez altın madalya aldı. Üç kez de gümüş madalya aldı.
1975 yılında Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Enstitüsü’nden mezun oldu ve Bükreş’te Dinamo Spor Kulübü’ne üye oldu.
1949 doğumlu olan bu ünlü Romen sporcu Ivan Patzaichin, 5 Eylül 2021 tarihinde öldü.
Ölümü geniş yankı buldu.
Konuşanlardan biri de Masonların büyük üstadı Stelian Nistor oldu ve Ivan’ın Loca Yüksek Kurulu’nun 33. Üyesi olduğunu açıklayarak büyük bir kayba uğradıklarını söyledi.
Masonluk malum ‘Gizli’liği ile ünlü bir örgüt.
Nistor, Ivan’ı deşifre edişi ülkede Masonluk ve tarihini yeniden gündeme getirdi.
Tarihçi Marius Oprea Komünizmin gelişi ile Masonluğun Romanya’da uykuya dalışını, sonra bazı komünistlerin mason, bazı masonların da komünist oluşunu irdelemeye başladı.
Tarihçi Oprea, Birinci ve İkinci Dünya savaşları arasında Büyük Üstat Jean Pangal sürgünden sonraki ilk itirafına dikkat çekti. “Biz Masonlar ülkesi değiliz. Zamanı sır olarak tutamayız.” … “Biz muhalefette yaşayamayız. Kamu gücüne, yürüyüşe, üniformaya, geçiş törenine ve müziğe ihtiyacımız var.”
Romanya’da Masonluk İkinci Dünya Savaşından sonra yeniden doğarken diğerlerinin yanı sıra Micael Noradunghian ismi önemliydi.
“Micael, 1873 yılında Konstantinepolis’te (İstanbul) doğmuştu ve mühendisti. Paris ve Brüksel’de ekonomi okumuştu.”
Yazarın kibirli ve küstah diline göre “Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Ermeni hükümdarlarından (hükümdar burada ‘hakimiyet’ anlamında kullanılıyor) varlıklı bir aileden gelen önce Londra’ya, sonra da Ermenilere yönelik bir program bağlamında amcası II. Abdülhamid’in dışişleri bakanı Gabriel Noradunghian yardımı ile Paris’e geldi.
(İlber Ortaylı Gabriel Noradunghian efendinin derlemeci olduğunu yazarken, Başbakan Bülent Ecevit’in Dışişleri Bakanlarından A. Gündüz Ökçün de Nafia Nazırı olduğundan bahsetmekte ve kendisinden Bağdat Demiryolu hattı ile ilgili alıntılar yapmaktadır)
Buradan, zaten Masonlukta elde ettiği tüm rütbeleri amcası tarafından sağlanan Micael Noradunghian, 1
|
22 | 2 | 0 |
ta yer aldı.
Portekiz'de katıldığı turnuvada 17. tekler zaferini elde eden 33 yaşındaki Pemra, Kadın Tenisçiler Birliğinin (WTA) açıkladığı dünya sıralamasında 24 basamak birden tırmandı.
Tek kadınlarda 194. sıraya yükselerek kariyerinin en iyi derecesini elde eden Pemra, Başak Eraydın'ı geride bırakarak Türk tenisçiler arasında en üst sıraya çıktı. Milli sporcu, 10 yıl sonra Türkiye bir numarası unvanını yeniden elde etti.
İki basamak yükselen Başak Eraydın 207. sıraya yerleşti. 2016 Rio Olimpiyatları'nda Türkiye'yi temsil eden Çağla Büyükakçay 6 basamak gerileyerek 252'nci, İpek Soylu ise 304. sırada yer aldı.
Profesyonel Tenisçiler Birliğinin (ATP) açıkladığı dünya sıralamasında ise Cem İlkel 259. basamakta bulunuyor.In the Heavens as It Is on Earth
The collision occurred on February 10, 2009 over Siberia at 0455 GMT at an altitude of 790 kilometers (490 miles) above the Earth. An Iridium communications satellite struck a defunct Soviet-era Cosmos 2251 communications satellite. Scientists estimate that the collision speed of the two orbital objects was 42,120 kilometer per hour (26,172 mph).1 There are no fender benders at this speed. A BB traveling at this speed would rip through the Space Shuttle with the force of a hundred-pound cannon ball traveling at 78 miles per hour.2
The satellite collision generated hypersonic shock waves that turned the two satellites into a cloud of high-speed shrapnel that will orbit the Earth for another 10,000 years. Experts called the collision a “catastrophic event”. We will come back to high-speed orbiting space junk at the end of this essay.
It just so happened on that very day in February, I was participating in a three-day consultation in Mountain View, California hosted by the SETI Institute and NASA’s Astrobiology Program. Fifty scientists, philosophers, theologians, lawyers, artists, and anthropologists had assembled to discuss the societal impact of astrobiology. Scientists are increasingly optimistic that we will soon find microbial life elsewhere in our solar system – Mars, Titan, or Europa being likely prospects. Beyond that, astronomers have now identified 340 “exoplanets” orbiting nearby stars in our galaxy. Soon we will have telescopes that allow us to determine whether any of these exoplanets have any of the telltale chemical characteristics of life.
Astrobiology is exciting, cutting-edge science, “multidisciplinary in its content and interdisciplinary in its execution,” that seeks to:
1. Understand the nature and distribution of habitable environments in the universe.
2. Explore for habitable environments and life in our own Solar System.
3. Understand the emergence of life.
4. Determine how early life on Earth interacted and evolved with its changing environment.
5. Understand the evolutionary mechanisms and environmental limits of life.
6. Determine the principles that will shape life in the future.
Microbiologists and geologists are now working in teams with astronomers and engineers at NASA. Of the over forty NASA Science Missions envisioned over the next ten years, half of the launches have some aspect of astrobiology in their objectives.4 Astrobiology has broad societal interests and implications, thus NASA gathered us together at SETI for three days to discuss different religious, philosophical, ethical, legal, and cultural implications of discovering life beyond Earth.
It should come as no surprise that there is no single view about the societal impact of astrobiology. NASA historian Steven Dicks was there to remind us that religions and philosophers have speculated for thousands of years about other worlds and other intelligence in the universe.5 Popular culture’s enthusiasm for extraterrestrial intelligence can be witnessed in the preponderance of science fiction movies and books. NASA would be ecstatic simply to find microbes elsewhere in the solar system.
There has been a tectonic shift in the scientific community over the last twenty years. Life, once thought to be extremely rare and improbable, may turn out to be rather ubiquitous in the universe. We now know that amino acids are spread throughout our galaxy and have even been detected in other galaxies.6 We also know that life on Earth exists in extreme environments, where it was previously thought to be unlikely. These “extremophiles” thrive in extreme cold, extreme heat, multiple atmospheres, high acidity, and high alkalinity. The implications are that the universe may be “bio-friendly.”
Much of the conversation at the astrobiology consultation revolved around issues of planetary protection – the possibility for microbial cross-contamination from Earth ending up on Mars or microbes from Mars brought back to Earth on a future return mission. Because microbes inevitably contaminate the machines we build despite extensive efforts to sterilize them, we have already sent microbes to Mars, starting with the Soviet Mars 2 Lander in 1973. The surface of Mars, however, is exposed to ultraviolet radiation from the sun, so there is not much hope for these terrestrial “hitchhiker” microbes gaining a foothold on the surface of Mars. If there is microbial life on Mars, it will probably be found under the surface.
A sample return mission from Mars presents the possibility of back contamination – transporting Martian microbes to Earth – with concerns of how to quarantine materials and thereby avoid contamination by possibly biohazardous Martian life. NASA and other international scientists have thought a lot about the kinds of protective measures needed to prevent the contamination of Earth with Martian microbes. Still there is an unknown risk here, so society should continue to scrutinize the technocrats who will decide whether and how to proceed with a return mission from the surface of Mars. If in the future, astronauts go to Mars and return to Earth, then the microbial containment issue becomes a lot more complicated.6
Meteorites from ancient Mars and elsewhere in the solar system regularly land on Earth. Indeed, the interplanetary delivery of materials is one possibility for the origin of life on Earth. In 1984 a Martian meteorite was discovered in Antarctica. The 4-pound meteorite dubbed ALH 84001 made world news in August 1996, when subsequent analysis of the meteorite suggested that it might contain fossilized Martian bacteria.8
In my understanding, discovering microbial life beyond Earth would not be particularly earth-shattering, unless the chemical composition is distinctly different from our terrestrial microbes. If we discover microbial life chemically different than that on Earth, then scientific prudence would suggest that we not destroy what we do not yet understand. My bet, however, is that the chemistry of life has a kind of internal necessity. Far from being improbable, it is highly probable. The universe is bio-friendly. Given the right conditions, biopolymers will self-assemble into thermodynamically disequilibrious, self-replicating, complex structures, i.e., what we call life. In the habitable zones where liquid water and the right conditions exist in the universe, we are likely to find microbial life. This is the view gaining ground in the astrobiology betting pools.
Given that I am unlikely to ever lose this bet, for reasons I will explain below, I will even wager my right arm that the universe is also filled with convergent evolution.9 In other words, the variety of natural kinds that have evolved on Earth will also be present on Earth-like exoplanets, where the initial conditions and sufficient evolutionary time exists. Evidence to the contrary, some would say, is that we have so far been unsuccessful in catalyzing life from the basic chemical ingredients in our terrestrial laboratories. Note that such research is now also being conducted under the rubric of astrobiology.
I am trained as a scholar of comparative religion, and so in this regard, I often find myself discussing the societal implications of astrobiology for religion. This, of course, is an impossible question given the diversity of religions and religious perspectives. For some, astrobiology will be framed as a continuation of the evolution wars. Mythological literalism cannot be easily reconciled with modern science. In many cases though, our religious myths actually anticipated other worlds in the universe. In a silly, but popular form of concordance-seeking-through-science, many will see astrobiology as confirmation of the literal truth of the Qur’an, the Bible, the Vedas, and so forth, even as they reinterpret those scriptures in new ways.
The questions we posed about religion and astrobiology are especially fun and provocative when we posit contact with extraterrestrial intelligence. Will we be able to translate our languages? Will they have similar mathematics, albeit with different symbolic representation? Do they have moral dilemmas? Very early in the conversation, we are going to have to resolve whether or not they eat humans, remembering that humans eat intelligent mammals and intelligent cephalopods. Once we get that question off the table, we can move on to other interesting questions:
Can extraterrestrials achieve Buddha-consciousness? Did Jesus die for the sins of extraterrestrials? Do extraterrestrials even sin? Do they die? What do they believe about death, afterlife, and reincarnation? Do they believe in “God”? If they are more technologically advanced, is their “God” also more “advanced”? Will ETI be missionaries who come to Earth to promote their God? The latter, I note, is somewhat how the atheist scientist Carl Sagan ends his science fiction book Contact (1985).
Science fiction is the genre where many of these ideas are explored in thoughtful detail. I have long considered science fiction a form of social criticism and theological exploration. A religious scholar who doesn’t keep up with science fiction is missing a lot.10 As already noted, the first and most important question to get out of the way is whether extraterrestrial life is hostile or benign. In the movie Independence Day (1996), the extraterrestrials are intelligent predatory insects that have come to consume our planet like a plague of locusts (much, in fact, as humans seem to being doing on our own). In the movie ET (1982), the extraterrestrial is a cute and cuddly creature that befriends our children and experiences homesickness. Once we have determined that the extraterrestrials do not eat humans, it should be a lot of fun, assuming that they are technologically superior, and we cannot harm them.
In her Hugo Award-winning science fiction book The Sparrow (1996), and its sequel Children of God (1998), anthropologist Mary Doria Russell explores what it might mean for technologically advanced humans to make first contact with an intelligent, but technologically inferior civilization on another planet. The book is written as an allegory of the European’s discoveries of the Americas during the 16th century. With all of the best intentions, the Jesuit mission to the planet Rakat ends in failure. One tortured and traumatized priest returns from the expedition. In the process, the missionaries have misunderstood the social ecology of the aliens and made a mess of someone else’s planet, even as life back on Earth has become pretty miserable. Russell helps us explore profound theological, environmental, and anthropological questions and shows how imagining other worlds is a powerful tool for re-imagining ourselves.
Certainly new modes of religiosity have and will continue to develop around the insights and metaphors offered by astronomy and astrobiology. We need not think only of the extremes like UFO cults and the Heaven’s Gate suicides. The popularity of Star Trek is itself a phenomenon that can be analyzed through religious categories and has generated a number of scholarly explorations.11
In general, the category of religion needs to be greatly expanded. For instance, many of the tools of religious studies can be used to analyze and understand the complex dynamics of an organization like SETI Institute or the culture and motivations of NASA scientists. I sensed my hosts would not appreciate this kind of psycho-social-symbolic critical analysis. Scientists often presume to have immaculate perception/conception devoid of the messy world of politics, personalities, and power. The presumption is not wholly without warrant, hence my critical realist enthusiasm for science, but the presumption of immaculate perception/conception tends to make one blind to the impact of metaphors, values, beliefs, rituals, bias, politics, economics, and hierarchies within the scientific enterprise itself.
For instance, many of the scientists at the astrobiology gathering used the term “second genesis” to describe the discovery of distinctly different life beyond Earth. I found the term unnecessarily loaded with baggage and perhaps problematic in terms of societal impact, thinking in particular of the Muslim and Christian mythological literalists. While we are at it, let’s ban the term “colonize” from the discourse. Most of our fellow humans do not have fond memories of colonization and would not respond favorably to the notion of our “colonizing” other planets.
While NASA and SETI researchers are not likely to find extraterrestrial intelligence, there is a good chance that we will soon find microbes elsewhere in the Solar System. And if the extraterrestrials are just “simple” microbes, we should stop and reflect that our bodies are simply a collection of cells, tissues and microbes, which turn out to be fantastically complicated. Somehow scientists need to impact society so as to cultivate a fuller popular appreciation of miraculous microbes here at home as well as those that we may soon discover out there.
Whether or not microbial life exists on Mars, there is the question of whether humans should try to “improve” that planet. NASA scientists have identified terrestrial life forms that might grow in the extreme Martian environment. “Seeding” these extremophiles on Mars is well within our current technological capabilities. It would be an irreversible experiment, but one that might yield benefits. For instance, jump-starting photosynthesis on Mars would “improve” the atmosphere. Perhaps this once living planet, if indeed it ever did support life, can be reclaimed through “terra-forming” Mars in our own image. What, if any, scientific and ethical restrictions should be placed on such activities. How would we calculate the cost-benefit factors? Who decides and how?
Chris McKay is a planetary scientist working at NASA Ames Research Center. McKay is himself something of a human extremophile, with the appearances of someone just returned from an expedition to Antarctica and about to depart for some deep-sea vent. McKay has thought a lot about these scientific questions and ethical implications. He argued that we should be guided by the principle of enhancing the richness and diversity of life in the universe. Implied in this principle are two potentially conflicting goals: 1) that we should search for and support life on other worlds and 2) that we should expand life from Earth.12 As someone influenced by the process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead and the evolutionary teleology of Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, I can only applaud the principle, support the goals, and appreciate the inevitable ambiguity.
One of our hosts at the SETI Institute was Frank Drake, who has been involved in searching for extraterrestrial intelligence since 1960. Drake is a thoughtful and elderly radio astronomer. He spent most of his time at our consultation listening to the conversation from the sidelines, no doubt looking for signs of intelligence among the alien philosophers and humanists in attendance. Drake is famous in this community for “the Drake Equation,” which estimates the number of planets in our galaxy that might host intelligent extraterrestrial life. The equation reads:
N in this equation represents the number of civilizations in the galaxy with whom communication might be possible. R* is the rate of formation of suitable stars such as our Sun. ƒp is the fraction of those stars with planets. ne is the number of Earth-like worlds per planetary system. ƒl is the fraction of those Earth-like planets where life develops. ƒi is the fraction of life sites where intelligence develops. ƒc is the fraction of intelligence out there that develops electromagnetic communications technologies that might allow intentional or unintentional detection elsewhere in the galaxy. L is the “lifetime” of communicating civilizations. Drake postulated in the midst of the nuclear arms race that there was a tendency of advanced civilizations to destroy themselves. He called this “the Great Filter.”
Drake’s Equation has been much debated and modified over the years. All of the values are open to conjecture and unknown probabilities. Nevertheless, we are making progress in identifying exoplanets and complex chemistry in our galaxy. Even with low probability values assigned, the implications are that there are a lot of communicative civilizations out there somewhere waiting to discover us or be discovered by us.
For practical reasons, SETI focuses it search for communicative civilizations to Sun-like stars within 50 light-years from Earth. Given that the Milky Way Galaxy is 100,000 light-years in diameter and contains over 200 billion stars, we have a lot of searching to do.13
In my mind, the most depressing bit of science ever discovered is the speed of light, known as the “constant” in Einstein’s famous equation E=mc2. The speed of light is constant at 186,282 miles per second. We know of nothing that goes faster. As matter accelerates towards the speed of light, it also approaches infinite mass. In other words, we cannot send humans or robotic probes out into the universe at anything approaching the speed of light; and even if we did, human lifespan would mean these were one-way trips over many generations through the extremely hostile environment of outer space. It looks like fun on Star Trek, but it ain’t happenin’, not if the fundamental laws of physics really are the last word.
We live in an enormous universe – 13 billion light-years old (i.e., 31,557,600 seconds per year x 186,282 miles per second x ~13 billion = a ridiculously long road trip). Why is this depressing? It is not because we are small; on the contrary, our minds are enormous and able to discover and contemplate this incredible reality. It is depressing because our really big universe is probably full of all kinds of really interesting places and indeed intelligences; but we will have no possibility of traveling across this vast space-time scale, let alone exchanging communications with nearby communicative civilizations in our own corner of the galaxy. Unless the fundamental laws of physics are not the whole story, then we are stuck here in this solar system – forever. So I am not likely to lose my bet or right arm, but I would prefer to be wrong about this very sad state of affairs. For all practical purposes, we are alone in a universe that is full of other life and other intelligence.
Which brings me back to space junk. It is all fine and well to imagine our future beyond the stars, and maybe we will get there. Maybe there will be a revolutionary discovery in fundamental laws of physics leading to new technologies and new possibilities. I also want to enhance the richness and diversity of life in the universe. But if we pollute the orbital space around the Earth much more we will
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Publicar un comentarioGeorge Daniel Schneider
Found 10 Records, 9 Photos and 1,569,365 Family Trees
- Anne Margaret Schneider1757-Unknown
- George Daniel Schneider1766-1817
- Maria Catrina Schneider1753-1819
- John Nicholas Schneider1752-1821
- Maria Elizabeth Schneider1751-1789
- John Abraham Schneider1753-Unknown
- Johann Jacob Schneider1756-1842
- Maria Magdelena Schneider1762-Unknown
- Christian Schneider1764-Unknown
- Julianna Schneider1769-1811
- Catherine Elizabeth Schneider1766-1840
Ready to discover your family story?
Simply start with yourself and we'll do the searching for you.
German and Jewish (Ashkenazic): occupational name for a tailor, literally ‘cutter’, from Middle High German snider, German Schneider, Yiddish shnayder. The same term was sometimes used to denote a woodcutter. This name is widespread throughout central and eastern Europe.Ospiti e parassiti. Questo libro racconta il loro favoloso banchetto. Libro d'orecchio e di bocca, di carestia e di uccisioni, di saperi e di asservimenti. Il parassitismo è un fenomeno logico, fisico, biologico, antropologico, economico-finanziario, ma anche informatico, sociologico, religioso, storico, etico e letterario. Il parassita è qualcuno che mangia presso un altro e a sue spese. È l'essere della relazione. È necessario alla relazione. Il parassita è essere e non essere. Inventa qualcosa di nuovo. Poiché non mangia come tutti gli altri, costruisce una nuova logica. Il parassita è un operatore, è un clinamen generalizzato. Il tempo irreversibile del vivente inizia con l'introduzione di un parassita. Nella vicinanza comune di ciò che si chiama inerte e di ciò che si definisce vivente, un certo virus si riproduce in maniera parassitaria. Il tempo irreversibile della storia inizia con l'introduzione dell'uomo parassita. Almeno a partire dall'agricoltura e dall'allevamento.
Il prodotto selezionato è di difficile reperibilità, per avere informazioni dettagliate inviaci la tua richiestaLa quinta missione Dragon si aggancia alla Stazione Spaziale
|Foto NASA TV|
La quinta missione Dragon si aggancia alla Stazione Spaziale
La cattura di Dragon è avvenuta nei cieli sopra Barcellona, in Spagna.
Dopo un inseguimento spaziale durato due giorni, la capsula Dragon della SpaceX si è agganciata con successo alla Stazione Spaziale Internazionale, portando più di due tonnellate e mezza di rifornimenti ai sei astronauti a bordo del laboratorio.
Dragon era decollata a bordo del primo Falcon 9 riutilizzabile due giorni fa, il 10 Gennaio, alle 10:47 ora italiana.
Dragon è stata catturata dal Canadarm, il braccio robotico della Stazione manovrato dagli astronauti Butch Wilmore e Samantha Cristoforetti dall'interno della Cupola, alle 11:54 di stamattina ora italiana, quando la Stazione Spaziale si trovava 420 chilometri sopra il
Mediterraneo, appena a sudest di Barcellona.
Mediterraneo, appena a sudest di Barcellona.
Dragon vista in avvicinamento alla Stazione. Foto NASA/Terry Virts
Alle 10:07, Dragon ha raggiunto il primo punto di sosta, 350 metri al di sotto della Stazione. Qui la capsula ha completato una rotazione di 180 gradi per allinearsi all'aggancio.
A 250 metri, Dragon si è nuovamente fermata, come da regolamento, prima di entrare nella cosiddetta Keep-Out Sphere (KOS).
Dopo aver ricevuto l'autorizzazione a procedere dai controllori di volo, alle 10:31 Dragon è entrata nella sfera KOS, guidando il suo avvicinamento con una combinazione di laser e sensori termici.
La capsula si è poi fermata ad altri due punti di sosta, a 30 e poi a 10 metri dalla Stazione. Qui, la capsula Dragon è stata catturata dal braccio robotico della Stazione.
"Congratulazioni a tutti, e ottimo lavoro," ha commentato Wilmore subito dopo la cattura, in collegamento con il personale di terra.
"Ci sono voluti un paio di giorni per farla arrivare qui, e ora è bello averla con noi."
Subito dopo, Wilmore e Cristoforetti hanno scherzato sul fatto che i loro regali di Natale, trasportati da Dragon, siano arrivati un po' in ritardo: il lancio di Dragon infatti è avvenuto più di un mese dopo la data prevista.
Il prossimo passo sarà quello di agganciare Dragon al modulo Harmony.
L'aggancio era previsto per le 14:30 ora italiana, ma, dato che la cattura è avvenuta con una ventina di minuti in anticipo, l'orario potrebbe cambiare.
Quella di oggi è stata la sesta capsula Dragon ad agganciarsi alla Stazione (la quinta in una missione ufficiale).
Prima di lei, altri 74 veicoli robotici e altre 155 missioni in generale si erano agganciate al complesso orbitale.Hands-on science, storytelling, and art bring the work of CAICE scientists to life for students.
Climate Science & Atmospheric Chemistry Trunk
The Climate Science & Atmospheric Chemistry Trunk, also known as the BriefCAICE, was created in collaboration between the Climate Science Alliance and its Climate Kids program. Through hands-on science, art, and storytelling activities students will gain an understanding of the current science behind atmospheric chemistry, the impact of aerosols on climate and public health, and how scientists are working to better understand the issues that we face at the intersection of these topics.
Interested in bringing the BriefCAICE to your school or organization?
They will be available for check-out at the San Diego Natural History Museum as part of their Loan To You Program starting January 2020. Not local to San Diego, or have another question? Please email Jeanette McConnell - the Education, Outreach & Diversity Coordinator - at [email protected] with your request.
About the Collaborative Project
The NSF Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment partnered with the Climate Science Alliance to create materials to support community outreach on aerosols and climate change. CAICE researchers worked alongside the Climate Science Alliance team to bring CAICE science to the Climate Kids program, developing a traveling trunk focused on climate change and atmospheric chemistry.Filmografia di Wolfram Tichy
Ozzie è un piccolo koala australiano. Viene rapito da due balordi e costretto a lavorare per conto di Max Happy, presidente senza scrupoli della Happy Toys. La leggenda dice che Ozzie sia capace di parlare e Max ha intenzione di clonarlo per farne un giocattolo di successo planetario. Ma quando Ozzie riesce a fuggire e finisce con un adorabile ragazzino, inizia un'esilarante caccia al koala che avrà risultati imprevedibili.
Un gruppo di terroristi vuole rubare un codice in grado di mutare il dna, che nelle mani sbagliate potrebbe essere usato per spazzare via la razza umana. Per una serie di strane coincidenze ad avere il codice è un bambina, figlia di un geologo, che diventa quindi l'obiettivo primario dei terroristi disposto a tutto pur di ottenerlo.
Un'interpretazione della vita e l'arte del regista russo Sergei Eisenstein.
Claire McKay, una ragazza traumatizzata dalla morte improvvisa del suo primo amore, decide di recarsi sull'isola dei suoi antenati per provare a lasciarsi alle spalle il dramma che le ha spezzato il cuore. Una volta giunta sull'isola, farà la conoscenza di un'eccentrica scrittrice, che le racconterà una storia simile alla sua, il cui finale deve essere ancora scritto.
Quattro persone che si sono incontrate vent'snni prima durante un viaggio di studio si ritrovano a Berlino. Ma il loro incontro non avrà gli esiti sperati....Uzaktan Eğitim Kurslar içinde Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk İspanya'da 2020
Üniversite ve kolej yüksek öğretim programları için kendi giriş koşullarını ayarlamak, bu yüzden geniş değişir. Seyrine bağlı olarak, yüksek lisans öğrencisi niteliklerin bir dizi yüksek öğrenim içine almak mümkün olabilir. Senin 'a Hazırlık Derecesi ders yapmak için geçerli, o iş deneyimi Eğer herhangi bir nitelik yanında dikkate alınır bulabilirsiniz. Bazı yüksek öğretim enstitüleri ve üniversiteler belli bir derece kursları için hazırlık Kuruluş Yılları sunuyoruz. Genellikle değil onlar sadece lisans programı kendisi girmenizi hak olarak ayrı kriterleri 't sonucu. Kuruluş Yılları değil mi 'Ancak, tüm derece kursları için ulaşılabilir t.
KSS "kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk" toplumsal programları teşvik veya layık nedenlere bağış arzusu ile kendi alt satırında geliştirmek için işletmelerin öncelikli dengelemek için hazırlar bir disiplin için kısa. Bu beceriler şirketler, kar amacı gütmeyen ve kamu kurumları tarafından kullanılmaktadır.
Uzaktan eğitim ya da uzaktan eğitim kampüs fiziksel olarak mevcut olmayan öğrencilere, genellikle bireysel olarak, eğitim ve öğretim sunan bir yoludur.
Resmi olarak İspanya, İspanya Krallığı, egemen bir devlet ve Avrupa Birliği üyesi bir devlettir. Bu güneybatı Avrupa'da İber Yarımadası'nda yer almaktadır. İspanyol üniversitelerin kendi derece erişimi düzenleyen ve akademik ücretleri düzeltmek. Ayrıca resmi olmayan yüksek lisans düzeyinde eğitim olabilir. Başkent Madrid muhtemelen herhangi bir Avrupa kenti kişi başına düşen bar en fazla sayıda ve çok aktif bir gece hayatı vardır.
Uzaktan Eğitim Kurs içinde Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk İspanya'da
3 Sonuçlar Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk, İspanya, Uzaktan Eğitim Filter
Sağlıklı İşletme Yönetimi Uzmanlığı sayesinde, Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk araçları kolaylaştırılmıştır; Çalışanların ve yöneticilerin sağlıklı alışkanlıkların benimsenmesine k ...
İnsanların bütünlüğünün süreçleri ve teknikleri yeni bir işbirliği perspektifinden öğrenmek ve böylece en iyi sonuçları elde etmek için KSS konusunda uzmanlaşmış ilk işletme o ...
Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk (KSS), sosyal, ekonomik ve / veya çevre geliştirmek için sürdürülebilir kalkınma için iş katkıdır.Bu demektir ki, bir şirket bir ekonomik verim hesa ...Exposure to perchlorate is ubiquitous in the United States and has been found to be widespread in food and drinking water. People living in the lower Colorado River region may have perchlorate exposure because of perchlorate in ground water and locally-grown produce. Relatively high doses of perchlorate can inhibit iodine uptake and impair thyroid function, and thus could impair neurological development in utero. We examined human exposures to perchlorate in the Imperial Valley among individuals consuming locally grown produce and compared perchlorate exposure doses to state and federal reference doses. We collected 24-hour urine specimen from a convenience sample of 31 individuals and measured urinary excretion rates of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide. In addition, drinking water and local produce were also sampled for perchlorate. All but two of the water samples tested negative for perchlorate. Perchlorate levels in 79 produce samples ranged from non-detect to 1816 ppb. Estimated perchlorate doses ranged from 0.02 to 0.51 µg/kg of body weight/day. Perchlorate dose increased with the number of servings of dairy products consumed and with estimated perchlorate levels in produce consumed. The geometric mean perchlorate dose was 70% higher than for the NHANES reference population. Our sample of 31 Imperial Valley residents had higher perchlorate dose levels compared with national reference ranges. Although none of our exposure estimates exceeded the U. S. EPA reference dose, three participants exceeded the acceptable daily dose as defined by bench mark dose methods used by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment.
Citation: English P, Blount B, Wong M, Copan L, Olmedo L, Patton S, et al. (2011) Direct Measurement of Perchlorate Exposure Biomarkers in a Highly Exposed Population: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE
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زار شهدای وادی رحمت نیز از پایانه محققی شروع خواهد شد و تا پایان ساعت کاری ناوگان اتوبوسرانی سرویس دهی این اتوبوسها ادامه خواهد داشت.
گفتنی است شرکت واحد اتوبوسرانی بر اساس تقویم کاری، همه ساله در روز عاشورای حسینی تعطیل می باشد.Egg yolks are known to be very nutritional and good for growing babies. Although mothers who fail to exclusively breast feed their babies most times resort to pretty little jars of baby food arranged in the stores, due to lack of understanding of what nutrients egg yolks are capable of supplying their bundle of joy. However, nutritionists have discovered that golden, wholesome, nutrient-dense egg yolks are the ideal first food for babies.
5 Reasons to Feed Your Baby Egg Yolks
- Egg yolks contain cholesterol. No, it’s not politically correct, but cholesterol is crucial for brain development (which is why breast milk contains plenty of cholesterol!).
- Egg yolks are rich in fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin A, D, E and K. “These vitamins are essential for your baby to grow a strong, sturdy bone structure.
- Egg yolks are a great source of other vitamins and minerals that are important for growing babies. Like choline, vitamin B12, thiamin, riboflavin, folate, zinc, copper, selenium, and more!
- Egg yolks are a good source of natural fats and proteins for your baby. Breast milk is a marvelous balance of fats, proteins and natural carbohydrates. Feeding egg yolks to baby fits perfectly into their nutritional requirements, especially alongside other nutritious first foods like fresh mashed banana.
- Egg yolks are easy to digest. This is important, because a baby’s digestive system is still developing and it’s best to introduce foods that are gentle on their systems.
How to Prepare Egg Yolk for Baby
Egg yolks should be introduced when your baby starts showing interest in eating solid foods. This is typically around 6-8 months old–but it’s best to trust your baby and your parental instincts when it comes to introducing solid foods to your baby.
Cook egg yolks carefully to preserve their nutrients. You can do this with gentle hard boiling, scrambling, or poaching.
What about Egg Whites for Babies?
Egg whites are a little more difficult to digest, and are better introduced closer to 12 months old when your baby’s digestive system has matured a little more.حمله قلبی می تواند تنها به صورت یک حمله درد قفسه سینه باشد که اگر کمتر از ۲۰ دقیقه طول بکشد چون سبب مرگ عضله قلب نمی شود دیگر به آن سکته قلبی اطلاق نشده و در این شرایط بنام آنژین صدری ناپایدار گفته می شود. در مواردی که آنژین صدری ناپایدار باشد چون احتمال تبدیل این حملات به سکته قلبی است، باید بیمار در بخش CCU بستری شده و از داروهایی که جلوی تشکیل لخته را در رگهای کرونر می دهد ( مثل هپارین ) استفاده نمود.How Lifestyle Choices May Affect ALS Risk
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is almost uniformly fatal and is only increasing in incidence. While no one has as yet been able to pinpoint what may cause this disease, a new report published in the journal, JAMA Neurology offers up some important clues.
The study evaluated blood samples from 156 individuals with confirmed ALS and compared them to blood samples from 128 similarly aged controls. Blood concentrations of 122 environmental pollutants were studied, including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and brominated flame retardants (BFRs), using highly sophisticated techniques including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. To be sure, these chemicals are directly toxic to the nervous system and are highly persistent in the environment, as well as in the human body
Further, beyond the blood analysis, the researchers also collected data about risk for environmental exposure based on factors such as occupation and known exposure in the past.
The results of the study were telling. The researchers found that the study participants who reported a history of pesticide exposure showed a strong correlation to ALS risk by an incredible 5-fold. In addition, a dramatic relationship was seen in those with higher levels of various toxins in their blood.
The authors concluded:
Our findings identify classes of pollutants that increase the likelihood of ALS and therefore are modifiable disease risk factors.
While the chemical names of the various toxins are compelling, it’s really important to recognize that many of these chemicals continue to be widely used. So we need to do everything we possibly can to look at our lifestyle and occupational choices through the lens of risk management. For example, I often write about the fundamental importance of choosing organic foods, and the relationship between these toxins and ALS only strengthens my plea.台灣人固然愛喝珍珠奶茶, 香港也大受感染. 台灣有50 嵐, 清心, 天仁, 春水堂, 香港則有貢茶, 日出茶太, 輕鬆飲, 仿傚得似模似樣. 很多人(甚至是台灣人) 都以為珍珠奶茶的英文正名為Bubble Tea, 但Bubble tea 其實是珍珠奶茶前身泡沫紅茶的英譯, 真正的名稱為Tapioca tea, Tapioca 意思為豆粉(太白粉), 因為"珍珠"是由木薯粉製成.
至於起源, 有說是台中的春水堂, 也有說是台南的翰林館, 誰真誰假卻不可考證. 本人也有理由相信二店同時巧合發明, 跟Leibniz 和牛頓發明微分學情況類似, 有何不可.
而太白粉(豆粉)即煮食用的生粉, 例如炸班塊, 咕嚕肉等皆上乾豆粉炸. 而豆粉亦可作拉油前的醃料, 用以令食物鬆化. (咕嚕肉的名稱來源也有兩個說法: 一為因其味美而令人不止吞嚥的聲音, 二為因其歷史久遠古老而演變. ) 不過一般家庭煮婦把生粉認為是鷹粟粉, 其實鷹粟粉和豆粉同樣可以推芡, 不過只有後者才能醃炸, 請小心辨析.The Effects Of Too Much Sugar On Your Skin
It may not seem obvious how a high sugar intake can affect skin health, so if you enjoy sugary foods or processed foods, you may like to know just what is happening below the surface of your skin.
Sugars like Glucose and Fructose bind with Collagen in a process called Glycation, preventing your skin structure from performing optimally. Glycation also produces free radicals which speed up the aging process!
Research has also shown that high blood sugar leads to impaired skin barrier function. Insulin spikes caused by eating too much sugar are stressful to the body, causing more collagen and elastin to break down. Blood sugar spikes can also affect hormone production and lead to higher sebum production.
So if you want to help your body's natural collagen and elastin production, reducing an excessive sugar intake can go a long way in boosting your skin health.
What Are The Signs Of ‘Sugar Face’?
- Due to collagen degradation skin will start to look thinner. Fine lines will also become more prominent. Visible signs of premature aging and sagging skin are more likely.
- Skin will start to look more dehydrated as your skin barrier is impaired
- Skin is more inflamed and reactive, this can make the under-eye area appear darker than normal.
- Higher sebum production means oilier skin which could lead to congestion and acne flare-ups. In addition, the skin is not healing as quickly and its barrier is not as strong, leading to more blemishes which can take longer to heal.
- Decreased skin repair mechanisms mean that skin is not regenerating as quickly and can appear duller.
How To Tackle The Effect Of Sugar On Your Skin
Reduce Sugar Intake
Try to limit sugar consumption and avoid foods with added sugars as much as possible. Sweet treats are an obvious place to start but there are refined sugars in many everyday foods; baked goods, fruit juice, and fast food all contain more sugar than you might expect.
High glycemic foods, ie those that raise blood sugar rapidly are the ones you most want to avoid if you think you may consume sugar in excessive amounts.
One of the biggest culprits in the modern diet is high fructose corn syrup which is in many packaged foods and sugary drinks, along with any kind of processed sugar products.
It's not just refined sugars and added sugar to look out for but also hidden sugars (e.g. corn syrup), natural sugars (dates, honey), and sweet fruits such as mangoes and grapes.
Replace sugar with at least 70% dark chocolate. It’s high in polyphenols that actually work to protect the skin.
Eat More Healthy Skin Foods
Eat more leafy green vegetables like kale and spinach and other veg like broccoli and seaweed for anti-inflammatory antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals.
This 'crowding out' approach, (eating more of the right foods), can also be an effective way to help you reduce your sugar intake - by swapping your sweet treats for healthy snacks, you'll naturally be eating less sugar.
The Right Drinks For Better Skin
Drink plenty of water and green tea - two drinks renowned for working wonders on your skin's appearance.
Try to avoid alcohol as it can dehydrate the skin further, something that's especially important if you suffer from dry skin conditions.Bleaching is the most important part of wet processing. Bleaching is done for removing natural color of the textile materials. During pre treatment of the textile materials different parameter is maintained strictly. Bleaching is done by different types of bleaching agents.
Bleaching agents are applied on different types of fiber. Textile fiber may be natural or synthetic. Depending on fiber types bleaching agents also differ. Bleaching agents mainly classified as the follows:
- Oxidizing Agents
- Ozone (O3)
- Bleaching Powder
- Hydrogen Per Oxide (H2O2)
- Sodium Hypochloride (NaOcl)
- Sodium Chlorite (NaclO2)
- Potassium Dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
- Potassium Permanganate (KmnO4)
- Per Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)
- Sodium Per Oxide (Na2O2)
It is mentioned that;
Above no. 1 and 2 agent uses for home purpose.
Above no.3, 4 and 5 agent uses for industrial purpose.
Above no. 6, 7, 8 and 9 agent uses for washing purpose.
- Reducing Agent
- Ferrose Sulphate (FeSO4)
- Zinc Dust (ZnO)
- Stannous Chloride (SnCl2)
- Sulpher Dioxide (SO2)
- Sodium Hypo Sulphite (Na2S2O2)
- Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)
Bleaching agents have different applicability depending on fiber types.
Different types of bleaching agents use on different fibers. Among all of the bleaching agents hydrogen per oxide is called universal bleaching agent. There have some reasons behind this specialty. They are as follows:
- Hydrogen per oxide is a very gentle bleaching agent.
- It is very easy for application.
- Permanent treatment is possible with hydrogen per oxide.
- It is easy to apply with any types of fiber.
Bleaching agents are applying on fiber by two processes. They are:
- Discontinuous or Semi-continuous process: In this method bleaching agent apply on fiber discontinuously or semi continuously. Bleaching tank, Jigger, Padder, Kier and many others use for treatment with bleaching agent.
- Continuous process: In this process bleaching treatment is performed as per sequence of treatment. J-Box use for continuous process.
During bleaching; following points must be considered for get better performance:
- Bleaching Agent
- Wetting Agent
- Sequestering Agent
- Materials and Liquor ratio
- Application time
Different types of machine manufacturing company manufacture this type of machine. Machine should have enough properties which is required for performing the operation.
Anyhow, when we will select the chemicals we have to ensure the chemical properties, which is required. Well known chemical manufacturing companies also supply the guide line of chemical use. We will use right bleaching agent for right fiber.While most countries agree it’s important to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions worldwide, the question of which methods to employ is generating far less consensus, particularly when it comes to vehicle emissions.
Even the European Commission, the European Union’s executive body and longtime hawk on the need for governmental and international organizations to fight climate change, says the jury is out on whether road transport should be incorporated in carbon trading.
Better known as cap-and-trade in the U.S., the scheme is being promoted by Republican presidential candidate John McCain, among many others, including some auto industry leaders.
Cap-and-trade provides a way to reduce greenhouse emissions on an industrial scale by capping total annual emissions and letting the market assign a monetary value to any shortfall through trading. Credits can be exchanged between businesses or bought and sold internationally at the prevailing market price.
But while supporters have not been able to get carbon trading on the statute book for any industry in America, European support is far greater. Indeed, a system has operated since 2005.
Yet, the EC’s reluctance to include the auto industry reflects the challenge in defining what parties are responsible for vehicle emissions.
In a new directive proposed in late January laying out how the EU carbon-trading plan should work from 2013, commissioners wrote: “Although greenhouse-gas emissions from road transport and shipping are still increasing, more detailed analysis, including a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis, is necessary in order to allow the Commission to decide on whether emissions trading is the most appropriate means to deal with these issues.”
It’s not as if the EC has been sitting on its hands over this issue. Intense discussions took place throughout 2007. But while the system works fine for brick-and-mortar facilities – such as power stations where it’s clear who is responsible for releasing emissions – the situation is more complex for the vehicle-manufacturing sector.
Auto makers are responsible for the greenhouse gases produced by their factories, but what about the vehicles they produce? Should responsibility be shared between the manufacturer, the dealer and customer?
And how can you determine within an emissions-trading system the relative importance of how much carbon dioxide a particular car is expected to average per kilometer, according to the manufacturer, with how it is driven by the owner.
These questions so far have stumped the EC, and there is every indication answers will not be reached in the foreseeable future. Therefore, the Commission has proposed a parallel directive, alongside its revised emissions-trading scheme, referred to as an “effort-sharing” directive.
Assuming this new legislation is approved by the European Parliament, as well as the European Union Council of Ministers representing the 37 member states, the new law will place legal responsibility for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions on sectors not included in the carbon-trading plan.
EU auto makers already are mandated to cut CO2 emissions by new passenger cars from 160 g/km to 130 g/km (roughly 45 mpg) in 2012 through improving engine technology. And a further 10 g/km reduction is expected to come from other technologies, such as tires, as well as a shift towards a greater use of biofuels and more widespread use of eco-driving.
But the Commission wants more. Transport is explicitly mentioned in the proposed directive, as are the food, construction and other sectors deemed too complex to trade greenhouse-gas emissions.
For Europe’s vehicle-producing countries, there are significant targets.
In the U.K., the effort-sharing directive calls for reducing greenhouse emissions 16% by 2020, compared with 2005. For France and Germany that figure is 14%. For Italy it’s 13%, Sweden 17% and Spain 10%.
However, the mandate shows more leniency toward Eastern European countries, where the EC is prepared to see an increase in emissions as manufacturing sectors ramp up: Romania’s greenhouse emissions will be allowed to rise 19%, Czech Republic 9% and Poland 14%.
The Commission’s new directive allows national governments to “define and implement policies and measures” to achieve their mandated emissions between the various sectors concerned whatever way they like.
It’s clear, especially for the Western European countries with their large auto sectors, there will be further legal and political pressure for additional reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions associated with the manufacturing, selling and use of cars, vans and trucks.
The good news is the EC is willing to lighten emissions restrictions based on the ability of EU governments to provide subsidies to their favored local industries as part of an environmentally friendly investment.
France, for example, has instituted an incentives program to push car buyers toward vehicles that burn less fuel. Known as “bonus/malus,” the scheme rewards buyers of high-mileage cars with a discount of up to €1,000 ($1,466), which come from penalties of up to €2,600 ($3,810) collected from owners of gas hogs.
However, such subsidies and other investment programs will continue to be tightly policed by the Commission to ensure a level playing field between companies operating within the EU’s supposedly single marketplace.
Auto makers no doubt will push for more benefits from the effort-sharing legislative package as it is debated by Parliament and EU ministers on its way to approval – probably in the year’s second half.
For its part, the European Association of Automobile Manufacturers (ACEA) tells Ward’s the industry would be willing to accept “an open emissions-trading scheme” that allowed it to trade permits with other industries.
However, “the industry opposes a system that would make (auto) manufacturers trade with each other,” an ACEA official says in an email. Including the auto industry within an emissions-trading system should be used “only as an alternative to, or replacement of legislation,” presumably such as the recently mandated CO2 cap.
The ACEA official also says emissions trading should take into account the role of consumers.
“Technology, alone, will not do the trick, as we see with decreasing CO2 emission levels from new cars,” he says, noting car ownership, the number of miles driven and traffic congestion also are factors.
“The industry, therefore, advocates an integrated approach,” he says, “combining vehicle technology with infrastructure improvements,
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this reasoning still further, it is unlikely that the entire construction crew worked either 24 hours per day or 12 months out of the year. On the basis of a more reasonable schedule of 3 months of 10-hour days, a block must have been put into place each 30 seconds. This under-scores the need for a large labor force, because it is necessary to process many blocks in parallel to maintain such a production rate. One of the most labor-consuming tasks in processing the blocks is the finishing operation. Using irregular blocks wherever possible minimizes the labor of finishing and makes the construction of a large pyramid significantly less costly.
Core segments that provide a view of the construction practices are available in the pyramids where there are forced entrances. It is necessary in each case to be aware of features that may be a product of forcing the entry. But in addition there are features that clearly are representative of the original construction practices in these passages where there are no finishing stones to obscure the construction.
The tourist entrance (Al Mamun's entrance) to the Great Pyramid is through such a passage, cut only a few courses above the bedrock level. Close examination of the passage confirms the popular notion that the construction standards used in the pyramid of Cheops are significantly better than in the other Giza pyramids. The first seven enormous blocks along the passageway are rectangular and reasonably well finished. Beyond this point, however, the standards change somewhat. Figures 45 and 46 are photographs which show examples of the construction practices in the entrance corridor in Cheops' pyramid.
Figure 45 shows blocks meeting at irregular angles, with mortar and a moderate-sized rock used for fill at the joint. Figure 46 shows blocks in the ceiling of the passageway that are rather well fitted to each other, but not square. The long object is a fluorescent light fixture. The scale shown in these and the figures that follow is a surveyor's tape calibrated in feet and tenths of feet (not inches).
Figure 45 & 46
Construction standards appear to have degenerated significantly with the construction of the second and third pyramids at Giza. It is important to note, however, that these pyramids were stable constructions that did not collapse as the one at Meidum apparently did.9,10 It appears that stability was achieved in spite of the use of many irregular blocks by using a substantial amount of mortar fill to distribute the pressure evenly. The easiest place to observe this construction technique is in the forced passageway in the third pyramid.
Figure 47 is an excellent example of the use of mortar fill in the third pyramid. The lower block, on which the tape rests, has been only crudely finished. The bottom surface of the upper block, on the other hand, is quite flat. The mortar fill varies in thickness from about 8.5 to over 12 cm. Certainly, there was no attempt in this case to use careful fitting to avoid the pressure points that can cause structural failure.
The flat lower surface of the upper block appears to be a universal characteristic of the irregular blocks in the third pyramid. The need for the flat lower surfaces is simply explained by supposing that the blocks were moved on rollers for part of their route from the quarry to the pyramid. Rollers require a minimum standard of flatness for the bottom surfaces of the blocks.
The large amount, of mortar and other debris used for fill in the Chephren and Mycerinus pyramids, coupled with the flat-bottomed rocks, suggests another aspect of the construction technique. Irregular tops on the construction blocks make a very poor surface for rolling the next layer of blocks into place. If a layer is first filled with mortar and other debris, however, the top can then be watered and smoothed to provide a good surface for placing the next layer of blocks.
It thus appears that irregular blocks and a lot of fill have been used to save labor, especially in the second and third pyramids at Giza. The labor saving effected in this way would be considerable, because the task of careful measurement and fast finishing or trimming required otherwise is a major part of the labor requirement in placing finished blocks.
Observations of Chephren's pyramid in the passageway within the bedrock leading to Belzoni's chamber show that there is a section of approximately 40 ft where the walls, floor, and ceiling of the foundational structure have been replaced with limestone blocks. Upon observation of the exterior bedrock at the east side of the pyramid, it can be seen that the bedrock in this area is of inferior quality, and is faulted and mineralized, so as to make the foundational structure brittle. This faulted region appears to emerge again in the rock-cut tomb area near the northwest corner of the pyramid. Perhaps this is why the 40-ft portion of the tunnel was replaced with good quality limestone blocks. The faulted zone may also have an important effect on the propagation of radio signals between the two chambers in Chephren's pyramid.
The debris and mortar have a significant bearing on radio sounding. Even where the rock has relatively good radio properties, the mortar is made from gypsum and sand and has been determined to be relatively lossy. In addition, the volumes of fill are not necessarily small with respect to the radio-frequency wavelengths and therefore would contribute more than originally expected to the unwanted clutter background scattering, even if the basic rock were low loss.
The fill between the rocks also has a bearing on the potential for acoustic sounding of the pyramids. Because the interstices between the rocks are mostly filled with mortar, rather than air spaces, the potential for acoustic sounding looks better than one might have thought in the absence of a detailed study of the pyramid structure. The block structure of the pyramids still represents a propagating medium with a large amount of built-in, unwanted scattering, however.
C. Newly Observed Markings on the Third Pyramid
During the course of our exploration and measurements in the pyramid of Mycerinus, a number of markings in dark red paint were noted in the forced entrance area. They appear to be both quarry marks and surveying indications used in placing the sloping pyramid on the outside of a step pyramid core.
Figure 48 shows the north and east side of the Mycerinus pyramid as seen from the top of the Chephren pyramid. The enormous excavation in the side of the pyramid contains the forced passageway, which does not connect with the pyramid chambers. The top of one of the interior stepped "buttress" walls can be seen clearly in the photograph, extending almost to the top of the excavation. A portion of the wall of the next lower step is exposed in the bottom of the excavation. (Compare Figure 44.)
The excavation shown in Figure 48 was made in 1215 AD, and most of the markings that were exposed at that time have been lost to weathering in the ensuing 760 years. However, the bottom of the excavation was left covered with the debris hauled out in cutting the passageway into the interior of the pyramid. Approximately 2 m of debris covered the exposed portion of the lower part of the stepped wall, protecting a number of markings that were painted on it. The debris was cleared in 19671 under the supervision of Dr. Ali Hassan, but the markings were apparently not noticed at that time. In 1968 A. Hassan,11 excavating on the fifth course of the granite outer casing, found a hieroglyphic inscription carved in rock and including the name of Mycerinus three times. This is the first time such an inscription has been found on the outer casing of a Giza pyramid. Figure 49 shows the top of the exposed stepped wall. The line separating the light and dark colored rock indicates the depth of the debris that was cleared.
Figure 48 & 49
Figure 50 shows the exposed top of the lower stepped wall and the forced entrance at the bottom of the excavation. Figure 51 is a close-up photograph of the exposed wall after it was cleaned carefully to expose all of the markings. The markings are quite faint, and some are difficult to see in the reproduced photograph.
The horizontal lines covering several blocks are suggestive of leveling lines used as aids in placing the blocks laid on the outside of the interior stepped walls to complete the true pyramid. These marks were made after the blocks were in place, as indicated by the fact that the marks are painted on the mortar between the blocks, as well as on the blocks themselves. One of the figures on the wall is very suggestive of a surveying sight. Another suggests the alignment of the entrance. The "4" under the overhang at the lower center appears to be a pointer to indicate that the leveling line is on the underside of the overhang. This provides an indication that the blocks on the outside of the interior stepped walls were never carefully finished.
In addition to the markings on the stepped wall, two quarry markings were found in other nearby locations. We noticed the one shown in Figure 52 in a dark corner off the forced passageway in the very weak light filtered in from the entrance. Better lighting disclosed this clear marking on a quite irregular block that appears to have broken because of structural stress. We cannot determine, of course, whether the rock broke before or after the passageway was forced nearby. However, the marking is in an alcove that may have a volume approaching 1 m3. There is no evidence of mortar covering the marking on the rock, and it seems unlikely that the passage builders would have taken the trouble to clear such an alcove. The alcove may be a place that was never filled with debris, and the rather large hole resulting may have been a factor in the failure of the rock.
Figure 50 & 51 & 52 & 53
The quarry marks shown in Figure 53 were found on the east wall of the Mycerinus excavation, just to the left of the part visible in Figure 48. An on-the-spot interpretation (by A. Hassan) indicated that the rock came from a quarry away from the Giza area.
These markings were discovered very late in our work in Egypt. Time did not permit the very complete documentation that might aid in understanding the significance of the construction markings. For example, the alignment of the bull's-eye cross and the apparent door indication should be checked against the actual location of the pyramid centerline and the original entranceway.
VII. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
During its autumn 1974 electromagnetic sounder experiments the joint Egyptian-American research team established that high attenuation due to high water content in the limestone of the Giza area precluded many practical applications of radio-frequency sounding for archaeological purposes in that area. This finding was contrary to expectations based on laboratory analyses of samples from the area prior to the trip. In the laboratory tests, high attenuation and sensitivity to humidity were found in only one of three samples sent to us from Egypt.
The samples tested before the trip apparently were not entirely typical of the Giza area. Measurements made on the Giza area rocks in situ showed that the attenuation varied from about 6 dB/m at 10 MHz to about 25 dB/m at 150 MHz in approximate proportion to the square root of the test frequency. There was general agreement between the in situ measurements and subsequent laboratory measurements of limestone samples from the Giza area made at a relative humidity close to that inside the pyramid chambers (around 80 percent).
Echoes were obtained on one occasion through about 1.6 m of limestone. Success in obtaining echoes on this particular occasion does not indicate too much practical utility of the RF sounding technique in locating unknown chambers because the range of depths that can be probed successfully at any sounder frequency is very limited. If a chamber were known to be at a certain depth--e.g., 2 m--then it might be possible to select a frequency to detect the echo. An error of 0.5 m in estimating the depth, however, probably would cause the echo to be lost either in the strong direct pulse from the transmitter or through attenuation leading to an echo weaker than unwanted clutter signals.
Exploration of the pyramids in conjunction with the experiments yielded two interesting results. The first was the discovery of several ancient marks on the recently uncovered stepped construction of the pyramid of Mycerinus and in the forced passage nearby. These marks include both quarry marks and what appear to be alignment markings used as a guide in the building of the finished pyramid.
Second, observation of construction practices showed that irregular blocks and debris fill were used far more, particularly in the pyramids of Chephren and Mycerinus, than we thought prior to working at Giza. While such construction practices have been recognized by some Egyptologists, they had not been emphasized enough for their relevance in various types of sounding experiments to be recognized.
The recovery of more priceless Egyptian antiquities, let alone the even more important knowledge yet to be gained concerning ancient Egypt civilization, deserves the time, attention, and latest skills of modern science. Yet most archaeology in Egypt continues without benefit of some of the latest scientific techniques. There is often little to guide the archaeologist in his choice of digging sites, and wide-scale surveys of many areas have yet to be made.
For these reasons we are convinced that other suitable remote-sensing instruments can and should be employed to assist the archaeologist in Egypt. (For example, the use of the electromagnetic sounder is believed to be feasible when probing the desert sands that overlay such sites as Saqqara.) Additional techniques now under study include:
Pulse-echo sonics sounding
Scanning infrared imagery
Induced polarization probing
Magnetic induction probing
It is our recommendation that some or all of these modern techniques
pressed into the service of archaeology, especially in Egypt.
ELECTROMAGNETIC SOUNDER EQUIPMENT FOR PROBING THE PYRAMIDS
The Radio Physics Laboratory of SRI has been concerned since 1960 with the application of spark switching techniques to the generation of very-high-power impulses.12 Numerous novel transmitters using spark switching have been developed covering the frequency range from 5 MHz to about 150 MHz, and ranging in peak power output from a few kilowatts to more than 50 MW. Many of these transmitters have been used successfully in experimental sounders for ionospheric propagation studies, satellite calibration, and the like.
In March 1972, SRI began an internally sponsored research and development program to explore the possible application of the spark-switched transmitters to underground electromagnetic sounding. Particular attention was directed toward using the high power of the spark-switched transmitters to make possible high-resolution electromagnetic probing to greater depths than achieved by most currently available systems. Even these larger ranges are very small by conventional radar standards, however, and it was necessary to overcome three major problems to produce a working system:
(1) The transmitted pulse had to be very short and free from long-term decay transients (which is the same as requiring the transmitter and antenna to possess large inherent bandwidth).
(2) The receiver had to be either well isolated from the transmitter to prevent overload, or have exceptionally good overload recovery characteristics.
(3) Transmitting and receiving antennas must couple energy efficiently into the earth, both to improve system efficiency and to avoid as much as possible spurious echoes received through the air from objects on the surface.
Selection of the operating frequency for an underground sounding system demands compromises, depending on the particular problem of interest. Because rocks and soil in general attenuate high frequencies more severely than low frequencies, low-frequency signals are indicated for best performance if one wishes to locate scatterers at great depth. The use of low frequencies implies a system with limited bandwidth and, therefore, limited resolution, so that the range to the echo source will be poorly defined. Objects such as underground chambers in a pyramid can also be expected to have smaller scattering cross section at lower frequencies, as shown in Appendix B in a discussion of specular scattering from a hypothetical chamber roof.
Several American research organizations have attempted to solve the frequency-selection problem by generating short, unipolar pulses. Such pulses have maximum energy at low frequencies where reasonably small antennas are also notably ineffective. We wanted to radiate a true radio-frequency pulse, with the peak of the spectrum at a useful sounder frequency, such as 25 MHz. Typical spark-switched transmitters built at SRI in the past generate such pulses by discharging energy stored in a resonant circuit tuned to the desired frequency. The resulting output pulse represents the combined transient response of the transmitter and antenna, and is characterized by an exponentially decaying envelope following the largest-amplitude part of the impulse. This envelope represents a serious hazard for detecting scattering surfaces close to the sounder. For example, a system with a Q as low as two requires 4.4 cycles to decay by 60 dB from peak amplitude. At 25 MHz, or 40 ns per cycle, the time required for the pulse to reach peak amplitude and decay by 60 ns must almost certainly exceed 200 ns with this kind of transmitter. If the dielectric constant of the rock is ten, this implies that one is unlikely to see objects closer to the sounder than about 30 ft.
To overcome the difficulty imposed by the exponential decay of resonant circuits, SRI built a transmitter based on the design suggested by Hellar and Holter,13 and Samsel.14 This transmitter delivers a single-cycle radio-frequency oscillation to a matched load, with virtually no subsequent ringing. Figure A-1 is a schematic diagram of the sounder. As finally configured, three sounders were built capable of 2 kW, 100 kW, and 1.2 MW peak power output. In the case of the 2-kW, low-power unit, avalanche transistors are used in place of the pressurized spark gap.
Because the exponential ringing of typical spark-excited transients was largely eliminated by the present design, these transmitters improve considerably the prospect for detecting scattering objects close to the sounder and, also, the spatial resolution between two echoes at larger distances from the sounder. To detect scatterers closer to than the distance Rm, or to resolve two echoes separated in range by Rm, it is necessary to have a pulse length less than
t = 2RmÖ(er)/c
To give an example, at 25 MHz the single radio-frequency cycle is 40 ns long. If the refractive index of the rock (Öer) is 3.3, then Rm is 6 ft.
Coupling of the radiated electromagnetic energy into the earth is accomplished by using broadband bow-tie or fat dipole antennas similar in shape to those often used for UHF TV reception. Each antenna is sized to match the wavelength in the dielectric medium. They are conveniently made from metal-sprayed cloth or copper screen, and are placed in intimate contact with the ground. Similar bow-ties and broadband dipoles are used for receiving. Resistively loaded wire dipole antennas are also suitable,15 and were used for some of the higher-frequency measurements at Giza.
During equipment development, various screening techniques were tried in the attempt to obtain better isolation between transmitting and receiving antennas and to prevent reception of spurious sounder echoes from signals propagated through the air and reflected from nearby objects. Such screening systems adversely affected the system bandwidth, however, and generally proved ineffective in providing isolation. Because the antennas when lying on the ground actually do couple quite effectively into the ground, both the isolation and the spurious echo problem have usually proved less troublesome than anticipated. Subsequent measurements were all made without any isolation screening, and this greatly simplified the equipment. However, as discussed earlier, most, if not all, of the echoes seen with the equipment on the side of Che
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当受卡、掐、重击时，疼痛较剧烈。手指、肩、肘各关节较脆弱，所以易骨折。
攻击方法：对此部位可采用锁制与扫踢腿攻击。
7、腿部：膝盖正、侧面，小腿胫骨前面，因皮下脂肪较少，故很易损伤。而且足底正中心处也极易受损。以上部位受伤后常引起站立或行走困难，而处处被动、处处受制。
攻击方法：对此部位可采用截踢腿予以攻击。
（二）穴道攻击
1、太阳穴：太阳穴在两眉眼之下方额角旁开一寸处，神经密布，若被击中，脑髓起剧烈之反应，诸神经错乱而昏迷倒地，为最易受不意袭击的部位。
攻击方法：可用拳面予以攻击，而且轻则晕昏，重则死亡。
2、百会穴：百会（汇）穴属督脉，在头顶，从眉头中间向上与后发际直上的连线正中处，此穴分布着枕大神经，有颞浅动脉和枕动脉成合网，击打后可震动脑部，使敌立可致命。
攻击方法：李小龙多采用对付低头猛冲的对手，因为其此刻的百会穴最易受攻击。
3、人中穴：人中穴在鼻子之下，中唇上。如此位置被击，可使颜面动脉神经、鼻骨、三叉神经等均受纷扰，呼吸顿显困难，故亦是重要穴道。
攻击方法：此为截拳道的主要打击目标，而且众所周知，李小龙最擅长于运用直拳，且比例高达拳法的百分之八十五，那么直拳的目标是什么呢？李小龙曰：人中。
4、腮角穴：腮角穴在下颏骨的骨缝处，且神经密布，被击中者可立即昏倒。
攻击方法：可采用摆拳与勾踢腿。
5、期门穴：期门穴在胸部剑骨之末端，亦系任脉之通路，如被点戳或打击，可使心剧痛而昏迷或死亡。
攻击方法：可采用勾拳与弹踢腿攻击。
6、脑海穴：脑海穴位于后脑枕骨之下，为重要穴位，被击中后通?？傻贾履哉鸬?，颇难治疗。轻者四肢发生痉挛。令人残废变哑，所以是最重要的区域之一。
攻击方法：可采用下击肘低头进攻的对手或从背面踢击对手的脑海穴。
7、京门穴：京门穴在第十二肋骨游离端之下际，此穴有第11肋骨动脉、静脉和第11肋间神经，受攻击后可使人呼吸困难，并窒息而死。
攻击方法：可采用勾拳或扫踢腿予以攻击。我是个花友，我来分享一些养花技巧，其中包括如何养一种名叫“红昭和”的多肉植物。与普通的昭和相比，红昭和的繁殖方法基本相同。它会在夏天开花并自然授粉，开花后主株会死亡，所以准备好心理准备吧。要栽种红昭和，我们需要一种泥炭和煤渣的混合土壤。虽然没有具体比例，但是要保持透气。为了让植物与土壤表面隔离并增强透气性，可以在上面铺一些颗粒状的河沙或煤渣。每天浇水时可采用浇透法，不要小水小水的浇，否则没有用。红昭和的生长期主要在春秋两季，这时需要充足的阳光。到夏季开花后，母株就会死亡，侧芽会稍有休眠，这个时候要注意通风遮阳，每个月给3到4次少量的水。为了防止植物干燥，可以在水盆中放水。在冬天, 当气温低于3度时,逐渐地减少浇水的时间。最好保持土壤在0度以下的干燥状态，也不要低于零下5度。需要注意的是，在平时浇水时不能让叶子受潮，否则叶子会掉落白色的粉末，虽然不容易腐烂，但是会影响美观。每个季节植物的状态都有所不同，不同季节需要不同的维护。总之，红昭和是一种比较特别的植物，养它需要一些细心和耐心，但是只要爱它，就一定能有硕果累累的好收成。我种植的一株植物的基部会长出许多分蘖芽，这是因为我使用了砍头法。当我把上部分煮好后，没想到茎和根竟然会长出新芽。春天来了，植物更容易长出侧芽，我决定繁殖这些新芽。等到它们开花自然授粉后，我可以收集这些植物的种子播种。Sono un adulto molto piccolo (61 pollici, 155 cm), che non è stato in grado di ottenere il blocco di scivolare dal sedile e di tornare alle fermate (soprattutto sulle colline). io veramente voglio solo essere in grado di fermarmi e toccare terra con le palle di entrambi i piedi, ma capisco che su una bici normale, non puoi farlo e avere il sedile all'altezza giusta per pedalare.
Potrei risolvere questa situazione acquistando una bicicletta per bambini e poi regolando il sedile molto in alto? Sembra che con ruote più piccole (forse 24 "), la parte che i pedali montano al centro dovrebbe essere più vicina al suolo, quindi ci sarà meno differenza tra" distanza della gamba che tocca terra "e" distanza della gamba nella parte inferiore di pedalare ". Questa soluzione potrebbe funzionare?
Inoltre, ci sono altre soluzioni nella fascia di prezzo a-broke-student-buy-buy-this-on-Craigslist che dovrei considerare? (Qualcosa con cambio di marcia, il mio tragitto porta a una grande collina.)به گزارش راهنمای سفر من ، مصرف عسل باکتری هایی را که آکنه ایجاد می کند، از بین می برد. با استفاده از عسل به صورت موضعی می توان زخم های دیابتی را درمان کرد.سلول های مرده پوست را از بین می برد و باعث نرمی آن می شود، خط های ایجاد شده روی صورت […]
به گزارش راهنمای سفر من ، مصرف عسل باکتری هایی را که آکنه ایجاد می کند، از بین می برد. با استفاده از عسل به صورت موضعی می توان زخم های دیابتی را درمان کرد.سلول های مرده پوست را از بین می برد و باعث نرمی آن می شود، خط های ایجاد شده روی صورت را کاهش می دهد و خشکی آرنج و پاشنه پا را برطرف می کند. نرم کننده حاوی عسل، از ایجاد موخوره جلوگیری می کند و باعث براقی مو می شود.روند سوخت و ساز را تسریع می بخشد و باعث کاهش وزن می شود.
مصرف آن با سیر خام، ویروس و عفونت های باکتریایی را از بین می برد.تقویت کننده بینایی و تسکین دهنده گلودرد است و به نوعی شربت سینه محسوب می شود.انرژی زاست، خستگی مفرط را برطرف می کند، میزان هوشیاری ذهن را افزایش می دهد؛ تقویت کننده سیستم ایمنی بدن است، ماده مغذی، ویتامین و آنتی اکسیدان های لازم را به بدن می رساند.با بهبود جریان خون رسانی، مانع از بیماری قلبی و آسیب به رگ ها و به خصوص مویرگ ها می شود.عملکرد روده را تنظیم می کند، قولنج و سندروم بی قراری روده ها را درمان می کند خاصیت ضد باکتریایی و ضد عفونی کننده دارد. سوختگی را تسکین می دهد، زخم ها را ضدعفونی می کند، التهاب و درد را کاهش می دهد و روند درمان را تسریع می بخشد.میزان اضطراب را کاهش می دهد و مانند مسکن عمل می کند.آرامش و خواب آرام ایجاد و میزان PH بدن را قلیایی می کند.مانع از شکل گیری تومورهای سرطانی می شود. از سوء هاضمه و رفلکس اسیدی معده می کاهد، زخم های دستگاه گوارش را درمان می کند.
آنزیم های طبیعی موجود در آن، روند هضم غذا را بهبود می بخشد.مصرف ناشتا یک لیوان آب ولرم با عسل و آب لیمو، بدن را پاک سازی می کند.خاصیت ضد قارچی دارد.با جویدن موم آن، علایم تب یونجه بهبود می یابد.تشنگی و علایم گرمازدگی را برطرف و سکسکه را متوقف می کند.خاصیت ملین دارد.مخلوط آن با فلفل سیاه و زنجبیل آسم را تسکین می دهد.آب سیر همراه با عسل، فشارخون را کنترل می کند مخلوط عسل، دارچین در آب جوش، در بهبود آرتریت، عفونت مثانه و نفخ معده موثر است. کلسترول مضر را کاهش می دهد و ویروس ها را از بین می برد. روند پیری را کند، قدرت شنوایی را تقویت و بوی بد دهان را رفع می کند.استفاده موضعی از مخلوط عسل، دارچین و روغن زیتون داغ مانع از ریزش مو می شود و دندان درد را نیز متوقف می کند.توجه داشته باشید عسل حاوی هاگ های قارچ است و سیستم ایمنی بدن نوزادان توان مقابله با آن را ندارد. لذا نوزادان زیر یک سال نباید تحت هیچ شرایطی عسل مصرف کنند.
نخستین ماموریت زنبوران در قرآن ماموریت خانه سازی ذکر شده است. و این شاید به خاطر آن است که مساله مسکن مناسب نخستین شرط زندگی است و به دنبال آن فعالیتهای دیگر ، امکانپذیر است.
در آیه ۶۸ و ۶۹ سوره “نحل” ، دومین ماموریت زنبورعسل شروع میشود، چنانکه قرآن میفرماید: “و پروردگارت به زنبور عسل وحی کرد ( در طبیعت وی شوق و توان این عمل را قرار داد ) که از کوه ها و درختان و از داربست هایی که می زنند خانه هایی ( به تناسب حال خود ) فراگیر سپس از همه میوه ها ( و شیره درختان و گیاهان ) بخور ، آن گاه راه های ( غریزی ) پروردگارت را ( در تبدیل مواد اولیه به عسل ) به رامی و انقیاد بپوی و در رفت و آمد بین خانه و محل ثمره ، راه های الهامی خدا را بدون آزار احدی بپیمای. از درون شکم آنها مواد قابل آشامیدن رنگارنگی بیرون می آید که در آن برای مردم شفاست. حقّا که در این ( فن شربت و داروسازی و در کیفیت زندگی سازنده آن ) نشانه ای است برای گروهی که می اندیشند.”
سرانجام ، آخرین مرحله ماموریت آنها را بصورت یک نتیجه ، این چنین بیان میکند،” از درون زنبوران عسل ، نوشیدنی مخصوص خارج میشود که رنگهای مختلفی دارد.” نهفته است، جالب این که دانشمندان از طریق تجربه به این حقیقت رسیدهاند که زنبوران به هنگام ساختن عسل آن چنان ماهرانه ، عمل میکنند که خواص درمانی و دارویی گیاهان کاملا محفوظ مانده و به عسل منتقل میشود.
و در ماجرای برنامه زندگی زنبوران عسل و ارمغانی که آنها برای جهان انسانیت میآورند، که هم غذاست و هم شفا و هم درس زندگی ، نشانه روشنی از عظمت و قدرت پروردگار است، برای جمعیتی که میاندیشند.2019-10-23 05:54:01 328次浏览
价 格：面议
汗湿后的真丝衣服要马上洗涤；不要将真丝衣服挂在坚硬的金属钩上防止绸面损伤；真丝不穿时，不宜放樟脑丸，否则容易脆化；熨烫温度以100度为宜，最好垫上衬布。
春秋至中唐的二千多年是我国丝绸生产古典体系的成熟时期。此时，生产重心位于黄河中下游，绢帛成为政府赋税的重要内容。斜织机和提花机广泛应用于丝织生产，各种织物应运而生，印花技术臻于完备，图案主题神秘并富有装饰性。中国丝绸及其生产技术主要通过陆上丝绸之路向西方输出。
唐中叶至明清近一千年间，我国丝绸生产在融汇了西方纺织文化的基础上形成了新的技术体系。束综提花机被广泛应用，缎、绒织物的出现使丝织品种更为丰富，图案风格趋于写实并富有吉祥寓意。丝绸业中心逐渐移至江南地区，生产呈现专业化趋势。海上“丝绸之路”成为丝绸贸易的主要通道。
丝绸织锦是精致、和谐之美的象征 . 考古发掘显示，杭州的先民四五千年前就已从事养蚕纺丝。吴越时，杭州的丝织品“越罗”、“吴绫”已被列为朝廷贡品。至唐宋，杭州的丝绸已被赞为“天下之冠”。杭州的丝绸织品有绫、罗、纱、紵、丝、绢、绸，花色纷繁，工艺精美。在很早以前，它们就已不只是单纯的生活消费品，它们承载了杭州人的生活情趣和艺术感悟。Osservazione, valutazione, teoria e spiegazione costituiscono i pilastri di ogni ricerca scientifica, compresa l'indagine psicologica, nella quale qualunque osservazione è sempre ed inevitabilmente una valutazione che, facendo capo ad una teoria, cerca di interpretare i fatti osservati.
La diagnosi è il frutto delle conoscenze teoriche dell'osservatore, che valuta i dati interpretabili. Ogni diagnosi, o valutazione, implica la conoscenza o la formulazione di una teoria. Indispensabile distinguere tra diagnosi nosografia o classificatoria consistente in una operazione di riconoscimento dei sintomi rilevabili nell'ambito di una sindrome nota, cercando di riconoscerla in modo preciso all'interno delle categorie patologiche disponibili, ed una diagnosi eziopatogenetica o esplicativa tendente alla comprensione del senso della patologia stessa e alla ricostruzione del processo di insorgenza. In quest'ultimo caso, infatti, la diagnosi clinica appare come la ricostruzione di un intreccio di eventi, e corrisponde allo schema fondamentale della spiegazione scientifica.
In assoluto, quindi, non si possono proporre diagnosi, se non si conoscono teorie e, queste ultime, rappresentano la finalità di ogni ricerca scientifica.
Nell'impostazione idiografica si raccolgono numerosi esempi del comportamento di un individuo allo scopo di ricavarne un profilo. L'Impostazione nomotetica, invece, si fonda sull'utilizzo di numerosi soggetti e sulla loro messa a confronto. Problema comune è quello di trovare una spiegazione scientifica del soggetto.
Comprendere e spiegare indicano processi contigui e reciprocamente connessi. La valutazione psicologica, spesso opinabile, e imputabile a diagnosi soggettiva dello psicologo, porta a ritenere che il versante più prettamente scientifico della psicologia sia quello della psicologia sperimentale, dove compaiono dati numerici, al contrario, il carattere di scientificità, raggiunge i massimi livelli laddove la mente dell'osservatore è lo strumento più
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trained to reduce the use of physical punishment. The parental behavior changes were paralleled by a significant drop in difficult behavior in the children, Durrant and Ensom noted.
Later research showed associations between physical punishment and mental health, the risk of physical injury, poor parent-child relationships, and family violence in adulthood, they added.
Physical punishment has been linked with a variety of psychiatric disorders in children and adults, including depression, anxiety, and drug and alcohol abuse. More recent research suggests physical punishment slows cognitive development and hampers academic achievement.
As well, neuroimaging research suggests physical punishment actually reduces the volume of grey matter in regions associated with performance on intelligence tests, as well as causing alterations in dopaminergic regions linked to drug and alcohol abuse.
The mounting research has led professional organizations to look askance at physical punishment. The Canadian Pediatric Society, Durrant and Ensom noted, "strongly discourages" it, while the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says "corporal punishment is of limited effectiveness and has potentially deleterious side effects."
The AAP recommends that physicians encourage parents to find other ways of maintaining discipline.
"Physicians have a primary responsibility for translating research and evidence into guidance for parents and children," the researchers concluded, "and they are credible and influential voices for advancing public education and policy concerning population health."
They can educate parents on what childhood behaviors are typical, suggest different approaches, and, if needed, refer patients to programs that will help them improve parenting skills.
Ensom is part of an initiative to study physical punishment at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario.
Durrant and Ensom did not report any external support or any financial links with industry.
- Reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Dorothy Caputo, MA, RN, BC-ADM, CDE, Nurse PlannerAddition and Subtraction Properties
Something about Addition
The first thing you should know about Addition is that the order of adding is not important.
They even have a complicated name for it: Commutative Property.
Here, look at this:
You see? When we add the numbers - we get the same result on both sides:
The same goes for 3 or more numbers. You can add in any order you like - you'll get the same result.
This one is called (don't try to remember it): Associative Property.
Here, we start the same on both sides:
but group (add) numbers differently:
and at the end - we get the same result:
Adding a zero
Finally, adding a zero - is actually adding noting - or more accurately not adding anything:
Something about Subtraction
OK, let's see what applies to Subtraction.
Here, check this out:
Subtraction - Addition connection
Then see this:
Do you see? This is why:
And that is the conneciton between Addition and Subtraction.
Subtracting a zero
And of course, subtracting a zero from a number makes no difference also:
If we take away zero = nothing, then we did not take anything. :-)For the past year, Professor Hawkins - mathematician, astronomer, archaeoastronomer, and author (Stonehenge Decoded, Beyond Stonehenge ) - has let stand his challenge to an international cadre of mathematicians, as well as to a quarter-million readers of Science News, to come up with the Fifth Crop Circle Theorem he uncovered through his studies of these incredible Formations. NO ONE successfully met his challenge.
The only clue Dr Hawkins offered was that Theorem Five was a general one from which four others, all of which he had previously discovered through his mathematical Circles analyses, might be derived. The challenge was to wrap one's brain around a theorem which hadn't yet 'been born' into our reality, state it, and prove it using Euclidean methods.
Dr Hawkins discovered all five Euclidean hypotheses by carefully analysing the relationships between the areas and diameters of the Circles and Rings as they occurred within the Formations. The previously published four theorems dealt with the relationships of the areas of regular polygons and their inscribed and circumscribed circles (reprinted below).
A circumscribed circle is one which encloses and contacts a regular polygon's angles. Imagine a triangle with three equal sides, then draw a circle around it such that the circle's radius is the distance between the centre point of the triangle and an apex. By using the same centre but decreasing the radius so that the circle's circumference touches each of the inner-aspects of the triangle's sides, one draws its inscribed circle.
Since the professor issued his challenge, the time he allotted for feedback from math students and teachers is now up, and as he promised he would, he's let us in on his secret ...
Dr Hawkins' point in withholding the Fifth Theorem was to emphasise how difficult it is to realise a new one. Once a theorem is stated, it is relatively easy to 'prove'. Being the first to come up with a 'new' theorem is the hard part!
The Fifth Theorem, according to Dr Hawkins, fits into Euclid's thirteenth book of his three-volume Elements tome, "somewhere after Proposition 12" - yet Euclid had not included it. Nor was the professor able to locate any of these Crop Circle Theorems in any mathematics text or reference book, ancient or modern!
"What sort of intellectual/psychological profile is needed," wondered Dr H, "to understand those who go one step further than Euclid? And for what purpose are our Circles designed?"
What has occurred because of the Crop Circles and Dr Hawkins' insightful study of them is quite extraordinary :
These Five Circle Theorems had not been integrated into human understanding until the CircleMakers shone their Lights (as it were ;-) upon these Patterns in our fields. Under the patient tutelage of the CircleMakers, Dr H slowly came to recognise these esoteric mathematical Truths - which, in fact, most of the Patterns hold. His lessons, admits the good doctor, were ongoing throughout the day: while he was showering, while driving and eating ...
In still other words: As a direct result of the Crop Circles' arrivals, five new mathematical truths have been added to the geometer's lexicon.
As does Dr Hawkins, I know that many of us also delight in pondering the Question of Questions: Who, indeed - and Why! - are our CircleMakers?! ;-)
The next two paragraphs are paraphrased from SCIENCE NEWS ONLINE, October 12, 1996.
Crop Circles: Theorems in Wheat Fields - by G Hawkins, PhD [brackets are my additions]
"... Hawkins found that he could use the principles of Euclidean geometry to prove four theorems derived from the relationships among the areas depicted in these Crop Circle patterns [refer to graphic A]. He also discovered a fifth, more general theorem, from which he could derive the other four. Hawkins' Fifth Crop Circle Theorem involves a triangle and various concentric circles touching the triangle's sides and corners [see graphic B]. As the mathematical relationships of the Circles and Rings are explored using various triangles [i.e., equilateral, isosceles, right], the special Crop Circle geometries are revealed. The different triangles disclose different geometrical relationships.
An equilateral triangle produces one of the observed Crop Circle patterns [the one which arrived in 1993, on the Hogsback between Farnham and Guildford in Hampshire - see graphic]; three isosceles triangles reveal additional Crop Circle geometries ... "
For completeness, I've included the first four theorems Professor Hawkins derived from his Circle studies. I regret that I do not currently have the graphics available for them, am working toward obtaining them and having them uploaded.
The ratio of the diameter of the triangle's circumscribed circle to the diameter of the circles at each corner is 4:3.
The Pattern consists of these 3 Circles not quite touching, with the following geometry overlaying it: Connect the centres of the bottom 2 circles with a straight line, then join the left and top centres, and finally the right and top ones. This is the triangle referred to. Now, find the centre of the triangle and using it, draw a circle on top of these three such that its circumference passes through the centres of each of the 3 circles. This fourth circle is the triangle's circumscribed circle. Referring again to the theorem: The ratio of the diameter of this fourth circle to the diameters of each of the others is 4:3.
(Is that neat, or What?! But there's even more magic here: each of 3 tangents drawn between the three circles is tangent to each of the 3 circles - that's the kind of precision that regularly happens in our fields, even on moonless nights! It would take too long for me to try to describe these tangents precisely enough for you to draw them, but I'm trying to obtain a scanned copy of this graphic.)
(re: an equilateral triangle with a circumscribed and
For an equilateral triangle, the ratio of the areas of the circumscribed and inscribed circles is 4:1. The area of the ring between the circles (the annulus) is 3 times the area of the inscribed circle.
(re: a square with circumscribed and inscribed circles)
For a square, the ratio of the areas of the circumscribed and inscribed circles is 2:1. If a second square is inscribed within the inscribed circle of the first, and so on to the mth square, then the ratio of the areas of the original circumscribed circle and the innermost circle is 2-to-the-m:1.
(re: a hexagon with circumscribed and inscribed circles)
For a regular hexagon, the ratio of the areas of its circumscribed and inscribed circle is 4:3.
Theorems I, II, and IV all deal with 4:3 ratios. (Even in writing it just now, I see that I, II, and IV = [I+II=III] and IV.) In last year's Julia Set at the Stonehenge, all flanking Circles along the 'spine' were evenly balanced (one inside the phi curve one outside it, two and two, three and three) - except in one case, where there were 3 smaller Circles on the inside, but 4 Circles on the opposite side ...
There were three Formations in 1995 which held this 3-and-4 theme: a 'Double Vesica Pisces' in Wherwell, Hants consisted of 4 3-sided petals around a square; at the centre of the Vector Equilibrium (Winterbourne Bassett, Wilts) was a triangle, each of whose faces was also the face of a square, and each face of each square was also the face of an adjacent triangle - the VE presents a resolution of oddness and evenness, the YinYang of Three and Four; and finally, the next-to-last Formation of the year on the Avebury Avenue was one we'd seen (most of) before:
All lines should touch the Circles, and the Path to the bottom-most Circle begins on the cross-bar and slants a bit from left to right. We have seen the 3-Circles-in-a-Triangular pattern at least three times now, but this is the first time of which I'm aware that the fourth was added: a clear 3 --> 4.
The Five Circle Theorems are only the geometrical portion of the surprise Dr Hawkins received as he studied the Circles. He also realised that many of the numbers regularly turning up in his analyses were diatonic ratios. Diatonics are mathematical equivalents of musical notes as played, for example, on the white keys of a piano. Each of these newly recognised theorems involve diatonic ratios, which are based on the ratios of areas and diameters between the Circles. The only regular polygons whose circumscribed and inscribed circles are in diatonic (musically- or vibrationally-related) ratio are the triangle (3), square (4), and hexagon. Last year, the Oliver's Castle Formation (the focus of the extraordinary video footage one young man was Gifted with) depicted 6-fold geometry ...
All 'Laws' currently acknowledged by our scientists are in various stages of perpetual evolution, for our understanding of Natural Law is far from complete - in truth, it has hardly begun. As our understanding evolves, so we evolve the concepts within our Laws, for we are able to express greater portions of Truth through them as our own awareness and understanding expand. The Law is immutable. It is our understanding which grows as it accepts and assimilates Truth.
Our paths to enlightenment are initially roughed out by nudgings of curiosity within us. If we 'bite', our initial curiosity is followed by a surge of focused, single-minded determination (we begin to scratch the itch); our path becomes more clear; the more sustained our determination, the better we're able to resolve our itch to our satisfaction. Ultimately, if we've done our homework well, we are Gifted with a "Eureka!"-flash of Insight. The vibrational equivalent of this "Eureka!" synchronistically-generates an opening - an interdimensional doorway - through which the seeker has earned the right to retrieve a portion of Greater Reality Truth. It is this harmonic resonance between Seeker and Sought which, in fact, opens the transdimensional door ...
To retrieve pieces of Truth in this manner and ground them into 3rd density is precisely the reason we have incarnated upon this planet at this time. We decided to explore our consciousness' creativity at this very dense/slow frequency level for many reasons. There are great difficulties and pitfalls here, to be sure. But there are also incredible Gifts available as we succeed. By anchoring the higher Truths, or frequencies, into our third dimensional reality (as Dr Hawkins has done in this case) we are literally raising the frequency of our specie's collective consciousness. In a free will civilisation such as ours, the ramifications and benefits for all are immense.
An interesting metaphysical concept making the rounds today suggests that our species is undergoing a 'paradigm shift' or a 'shift in consciousness'. The symbolism used to describe it suggests that our vibratory frequencies are 'speeding up' as we move from the 3rd to the 4th density ...
While Dr Hawkins may not subscribe to density shifts ;-) the numbers he continues to turn up through his theorems are confirmed as well in other facets of the Circle Phenomenon. I do not believe in 'accidents' or 'coincidences'. Energies are set in motion through Intent of consciousness; the 'intersections' of such Energies-in-motion are hardly random or, worse, inconsequential. Rather, they are the very purpose behind consciousness' creative explorations!
Synchronicities are our Immediate Feedback Tools - they are the Universe's way of letting us know whether or not we're on-line with our Intentions ... ;-) That Professor Hawkins came upon these Theorems at this time was surely no accident ... nor was it 'coincidence' that his retrieval of these Truths came as he stepped through the transdimensional window generated by the Crop Circles ...
I'd be interested in your feedback on Dr Hawkins' work, or on any of my thoughts you might like to comment on ...
Thank you kindly!
May 30, 1997英国本科挂科补考不过被退学怎么办
9月份是英国大学开学的时候，但在这开学的日子里，也有人欢喜有人愁。英国本科需要修360个学分才能获得学士学位，而英格兰本科学制时间为3年，每年需要修120个学分。如果考试有挂科部分院校也会给到一次补考的机会，如果补考不过就只有重修，或是直接被退学。
遇到以下问题正常情况是不能申请到理想的OFFER。We can help you！
1、国外本科没有毕业想申请硕士；
2、国外本科GPA低被院校开除；Ｑ/Ｖ２９４７９５８８６４
3、国外本科学术作BI被院校开除；
4、国外本科出勤率低被院校开除；
5、国内高中申请本科托福/雅思不达标；
6、国内高中申请本科SAT/ACT不达标；
7、国内本科申请硕士托福/雅思不达标；
8、国内本科申请硕士GRE/GMAT不达标等等。
Please sign in to leave a comment.A diferencia de los dispositvos NAS, SAN trabaja a bajo nivel, a nivel de. SAN and NAS offer complementary solutions for network storage. A NAS is a single storage device while a SAN is a local network of multiple .
Con la creciente cantidad de información almacenada y por la necesidad de tener disponibles miles de datos, han surgido dos soluciones de . Cuando se diseña un servicio de Data Center se tiene que decidir entre tipos de almacenamiento: SAN y NAS. Una red de área de almacenamiento, en inglés Storage Area Network (SAN), es una red de. Híbrido SAN-NAS; Características; Ventajas; Desventajas; Protocolos.
NAS (Network Attached Storage), SAN (storage area network) y DAS (Direct Attached Storage) son tres modos de almacenamiento muy . SAN (Storage Area Networks) and NAS (Network Attached Storage) . Read about the difference between SAN and NAS, how to compare SAN vs. NAS architecture and some things to keep in mind when using SAN and NAS. Learn about the differences between SAN and NAS with the help of a diagram and get advice on deciding whether to use a SAN vs. At first glance NAS and SAN might seem almost identical, and in fact many times either will work in a given situation. After all, both NAS and SAN generally use . A discussion on the primary difference between SAN(Storage Area Network) and NAS (Network attached Storage), and its use cases in your . The names almost give away the difference between network attached storage (NAS) and storage area networks (SANs): you would expect a . Learn how you can help your company choose from a variety of storage options, from direct-attached storage, to.
First it is best to define the difference between a block device and filesystem. This is easier grasped if you are familiar with UNIX because it . These storage solutions are easily confused because of similar acronyms, but there are major differences, pros, and cons to each . DAS, NAS, and SAN can all do the job supporting virtual machines. Trying to wrap your head around advanced storage solutions for your home office or business?
Not sure where to begin, what the differences . How is a CDN different from a SAN or NAS? NAS and SAN are similar enterprise level storage implementations. When it comes to network-based storage, network-attached storage (NAS) and storage-area networks (SAN) are two popular choices that complement each . It’s easy to confuse the terms storage area network (SAN) and network attached storage (NAS). Both refer to relatively new
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2019/20 را به ثمر رساند و 36 گل برای لاتزیو در یک فصل فوق العاده سری آ به ثمر رساند.
این اولین قهرمانی او بود و این مهاجم اولین بازیکن سری آ بود که بیشترین گل را در اروپا از زمان پیروزی فرانچسکو توتی برای رقیب لاتزیو رم در فصل 2006/07 به ثمر رساند.
لیگ 1 از زمان یوسیپ اسکوبلار در سال 1971 برنده ای به دست نیاورده است، آماری مانند مسی و امباپه امیدوارند به زودی تغییر کنند.
قوانین و وزن کفش طلای اروپا چیست؟
فقط گل های لیگ واجد شرایط برای کفش طلای اروپا هستند، با هر ضربه امتیاز در یک سیستم وزنی بسته به کیفیت لیگ.
پنج لیگ برتر – لیگ برتر، لالیگا، بوندسلیگا، سری آ و لیگ 1 – همگی دارای وزن 2 هستند، به این معنی که به یک بازیکن به ازای هر گلی که در این رقابت ها به ثمر می رساند، دو امتیاز تعلق می گیرد.
برای لیگهایی که در ردهبندی ضرایب یوفا در رتبههای ششم تا ۲۱ قرار دارند – که شامل لیگهای برتر پرتغال، هلند و روسیه میشود – گلهای زده شده با وزن 1.5 و گلهایی که در لیگی خارج از 21 لیگ برتر به ثمر میرسد، وزن 1 داده میشود. .
در کفش طلای اروپا همیشه اینطور نبود. از سال 1968 تا 1991، بدون توجه به قدرت لیگ، این جایزه صرفاً به بهترین گلزن قاره تعلق می گرفت.
جوایز در ابتدا بین سال 1991 تا سال 1996 که سیستم جدید اجرایی شد، اهدا نشد. از آن زمان، تنها دو بازیکنی که خارج از پنج لیگ برتر در آن زمان بازی میکردند، کفش طلا را کسب کردند – هنریک لارسون (2000/01) و ماریو ژاردل (2001/02).
کفش طلا در گذشته بسته شده بود، آخرین بار زمانی که سوارز و رونالدو این افتخار را در فصل 2013/14 به اشتراک گذاشتند. با این حال، در ادامه، جایزه به بازیکنی تعلق می گیرد که کمترین دقایق را بازی کرده باشد، اگر دو تای آنها به تعداد امتیازات یکسانی دست یابند.
این صفحه مسابقه کفش طلای اروپا 2021/22 را پوشش می دهد.
جدول رده بندی فصل گذشته را می توانید در اینجا ببینید و اگر می خواهید نتایج نهایی کفش طلای اروپا 2019/20 را ببینید، این لینک را دنبال کنید.Process Improvement — A Standard Definition of a Process
A process is a series of steps and decisions involved in the way work is completed. We may not realize it, but processes are everywhere and in every aspect of our leisure and work. A few examples of processes might include:
- Preparing breakfast
- Placing an order
- Developing a budget
- Writing a work order
- Triaging a patient
- Cleaning a room
- Changing oil in a car
- Strapping down a truck
- Refueling an aircraft
- Putting gas in the car
What is Missing from the Standard Process Definition?
A lot! Let me give an example of why the overused standard process definition won’t describe most processes and why it fails during a process improvement project. At ESPN there is a basic process for submitting a background check for a new hire. The process is described below:
The process seems straightforward with little room for error. However, hiding underneath the basic definition are key pieces of information that illuminate the problem and the process improvement solution.
Timing and Interdependency
Timing and interdependency are key to understanding real process behavior. In the background check process described above, the submitter only submitted background checks on Tuesday between 3:00 and 3:30 PM. That means that a pending background check could sit in the queue for up to 7 days before being submitted. Three other similar delays in the background check process could add 14 unnecessary days of delay. Understanding the timing of activities within a process is critical to any improvement methodology yet remains unseen because the basic definition doesn’t describe it. The basic definition of a process does not include the framework to describe when a process occurs.
Normally (no pun intended), averages are used to describe processing time for activities under study. Averages work well to describe a business process containing no variability in time (or process direction), not utilizing people and without interruptions. In other words, averages hide critical business process behavior. Why do averages mask process behavior? It would be like trying to explain the dynamics of a family from a single photograph. You get some information from a picture, but you have no clue what happened immediately before or after the click of the shutter. Variable times cause loss of throughput because the system can’t be balanced precisely. That means from the perspective of the entity; waiting will occur at various points in the process. Sometimes there is more waiting than processing. Benjamin Franklin stated this principle concisely when he said: “Lost time is never found again.” If variability in “time and direction” are ignored the real capability of a system will be hidden. Understanding the effect of the variability in the “background check process” mentioned above gave rise to new solutions that mitigated the extreme variability.
If Timing, Interdependency, and Variability are so important why are they ignored in process definitions?
Traditional tools don’t have the framework for capturing or seeing the effect of these critical process factors. Without the framework for capturing and using information, it will be ignored by almost everyone. The framework opens the eyes of the process improvement expert so that they can make effective decisions.
“If you don’t have “word” to describe something, you can’t see it. If you can’t see it, you can’t manage it.”
A New Definition for “What is a Process?”
A process consists four major elements:
- Steps and decisions — the flowchart. A series of steps and decisions describing the way work is completed.
- Variability of processing time and flow — the pattern of processing times.
- Timing and interdependence — when the arrivals happen, when people work, etc.
- Assignment of resources — how many and where are they assigned.
The expanded definition of a process describes the behavior of the current system. Using this information linked in a model, the characteristics of the system can be changed, and the key metrics tested… before investing a dime!
Would you like to see how the elements of the expanded process definition are tied together in an easy-to-understand model? See more…اگرچه شهر بارتین 12 سال پیش دانشگاه مخصوص خود را داشت ، اما تاریخ دانشگاه این شهر به دهه 1990 برمی گردد. دانشکده جنگلداری بارتان ، که تحت دانشگاه Zonguldak Karaelmas با شماره قانون 3837 مورخ 11.07.1992 تاسیس شد ، اولین دانشکده ای بود که در بارتان تأسیس شد. دانشکده جنگلداری بارتان ، که در پردیس آداکا تأسیس شده است ، تحصیلات خود را با جذب اولین دانش آموزان خود در سال تحصیلی 93-94 آغاز کرد. با شروع آموزش دانشکده جنگلداری بارتان ، 3 واحد دانشگاهی دیگر در زمینه آموزش عالی در بارتان گنجانده شد. اینها مدرسه حرفه ای بارتان ، مدرسه حرفه ای خدمات بهداشتی و مدرسه تربیت بدنی و ورزش است.
در سال 2008 ، هنگامی که دانشگاه های شهری در سراسر کشور تأسیس شدند ، شهر بارتان دانشگاه مخصوص خود را به دست آورد. دانشگاه بارتین ، که با شماره قانون 5765 مورخ 22 مه 2008 تأسیس شد ، اولین دانش آموزان خود را با 4 واحد دانشگاهی جدا از دانشگاه Zonguldak Karaelmas و همچنین دانشکده تازه تاسیس اقتصاد و علوم اداری ، دانشکده مهندسی ، علوم اجتماعی پذیرفت. موسسه و موسسه علوم. دانشگاه بارتان ، که برای تربیت دانشجویانی که قصد دارند در آینده با 3 دانشکده ، 2 موسسه ، 2 آموزشگاه حرفه ای و در کل یک دانشکده صحبت کنند ، آموزش می دهد ، توسعه خود را برای رفع نیازهای کشور ما ادامه می دهد.纽约商品交易所白银价格走势自从2011年以来领先于黄金。在2013年，白银价格领先的天数变少了。现在白银与黄金价格行为之间的关系更紧密了。然而，领先几天时间足以为黄金交易者提供优势。他们可以看到白银走势的发展，然后等待黄金价格行为的确认。
白银周线图显示出与我们在黄金周线图所看到的相同的价格反弹，但形态发展得更为充分。顾比复合移动平均线指标（GMMA）显示出形态行为的关键特征。它追踪了交易者与投资者的行为。
GMMA长期组宽阔发散。这确认了持续的卖压。当价格上涨时，投资者进入市场作为卖出者。他们的卖出行为将价格推向下方，从而降低了反弹发展成为一个趋势的反转的可能。GMMA长期组宽阔发散吸收了价格的上升势头，迟滞了趋势的突破。在白银周线图上，叙利亚当前的危机所造成的上升势头开始减弱。
长期趋势突破形态由GMMA短期组对GMMA长期组的下边缘进行试探的行为构成。这之后跟随着的是一个回落，然后再次试探GMMA长期组。在第二次反弹试探中，GMMA短期组运行至GMMA长期组以上。这显示趋势变化的压力增加。第二次反弹试探之后跟随着的是一个回落，然后是第三次反弹试探。第三次试探经常使GMMA短期组运行至GMMA长期组的上边缘以上。这是对长期趋势变化的最后确认。这种三次试探的形态的发展通常需要8至14周时间。
26美元附近非常强的支撑/压力线对任何强势趋势突破来说是一个重要障碍。白银价格图显示，在向26美元反弹之后是一个回落，白银价格也许会再次反弹试探26美元压力位。白银价格对于几天之后黄金价格起了一个启示作用。Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü'ne göre gençlerin iş ve kariyer olanakları yıllar boyunca salgının olumsuzluklarından etkileenbilir. BM'ye bağlı İLO, dünya genelinde 29 yaş altındaki her altı çalışandan birinin koronavirüs nedeniyle çalışamadığını açıkladı. İLO araştırmasına göre, koronavirüs krizi nedeniyle önlem alınmaması halinde gençlerin işsizlik sorununun ileriki dönemlerde daha da artabileceği ortaya çıktı.
GENÇLER İÇİN BU ŞOK 10 YIL YA DA DAHA FAZLA SÜREBİLİR
Kovid-19 salgınının istihdam piyasasına etkilerini ele alan dördüncü raporu yayımlayan İLO genel Direktörü Ryder, "Tehlike şu ki…genç insanların başlangıçta yaşadığı bu şok, on yıl ya da daha uzun sürebilir" ifadelerini kullandı. Koronavirüs öncesinde 2019 yılı itibariyle dünya genelindeki genç işsizliğe de yer verilen araştırmada, kovid-19 salgını öncesi küresel düzeyde genç işsizliğin yüzde 13.6 olduğu, dünya genelindeki 267 milyon gencin ne bir işte çalıştığı ne de eğitim aldığı ortaya kondu.
GENÇLER İÇİN SORUN SADECE İŞSİZLİK DEĞİL
Araştırmada gençlerin salgın nedeniyle üçlü bir şok yaşadığı uyarısına da yer verilirken, gençlerin sadece iş kaybına uğramadıkları, eğitimlerinin eksik kaldığı ve istihdam piyasasına giriş veya iş değiştirmelerinin de zorlaştığı kaydedildi. İLO raporuna göre dünya çapında 178 milyon gencin %40'ının krizden en fazla etkilenen otel ve restoran sektörlerinde istihdam edildiği, çalışan gençlerin dörtte üçünün ise kayıt dışı ekonomide yer aldığı belirtildi.Usa e Gran Bretagna terranno la prossima settimana ‘war-games’ per testare la reazione al crollo di una grande banca con operazioni su entrambi i lati dell’Atlantico.
Il Cancelliere George Osborne e il governatore della Banca d’Inghilterra si uniranno al segretario al Tesoro Usa Jack Lew e al capo della Federal Reserve Janet Yellen in un ufficio di guerra a Washington.
L’esercitazione simulata esaminerà due scenari – una grande banca degli Stati Uniti succursali britanniche a rischio e una grande banca del Regno Unito con succursali statunitensi in procinto di fallire.
Il salvataggio di una banca che opera in diversi paesi – che è la norma per la maggior parte delle più grandi
gangs banche del mondo, come la Deutsche Bank, Citigroup Inc. e JPMorgan – ha dimostrato di essere una questione particolarmente spinosa.
L’operazione dimostra – oltre la delicata situazione finanziaria – la relazione particolare tra Usa e Regno Unito. E la focalizzazione di quest’ultimo come portaerei americana in Europa. Il che spiega anche il terrore americano per la possibile indipendenza scozzese.[ad_1]
اولین مورد عفونت با سویه ویروس کرونا در گرجستان تأیید شده است.
بر اساس دفتر محلی این گزارش ، این امر توسط مرکز ملی کنترل بیماری و بهداشت عمومی اعلام شده است.
فرد آلوده مردی بالاتر از 50 سال است ، وضعیت فعلی وی مطلوب ارزیابی می شود. او از جامعه منزوی بود.
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© 2015 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.GMOs in Organics? Seriously?
Proponents of biotechnology have recently proposed integrating genetically modified organisms into organic agriculture. Spearheading this concept are Pamela Ronald, a professor of plant pathology at the University of California-Davis, and her husband Raoul Adamchak, an organic farmer at the UC-Davis’s certified organic farm. The two co-authored a book, Tomorrow’s Table: Organic Farming, Genetics, and the Future of Food, which argues that combining the best of both systems of agriculture—genetic engineering and organic techniques—offers the best solution to feeding the world in a sustainable way.
Tomorrow’s Table has been praised by GM crop supporters such as Bill Gates and even by Stewart Brand, creator of the Whole Earth Catalog.
Working with vs. Controlling Nature
However, several leading experts in organic agriculture dismiss the idea, saying the two approaches to producing food are fundamentally different. They say that genetically modified foods raise health and environmental concerns, narrow genetic diversity, reduce consumer choice, and don’t offer proven solutions to organic agriculture.
Dag Falck, organic program manager at Nature’s Path Foods, calls the proposed marriage of GMOs and organics a “non-starter for a conversation.”
“Organic is always looking to nature for answers; it is a very thought out and studied way of learning from and mimicking nature, while genetic engineering takes the approach that nature is deficient in some way, so we have to fix it. That mindset is not compatible with organic,” Falck says.
Fred Kirschenmann, distinguished fellow at the Leopold Center for Sustainable agriculture and long-time organic farmer, also sees a fundamental difference between organic and transgenic approaches. “Organic is based on ecological principles—synergies with biological systems. Genetic engineering is based on industrial principles, of using technology to empower a high-input agricultural system.”
Jim Riddle, organic outreach coordinator at the University of Minnesota’s and past chairman of the National Organic Standards Board, sees the same fundamental difference. “Organic agriculture is based on the establishment of a harmonious relationship with the agricultural ecosystem by farming in harmony with nature. Genetic engineering is based on the exact opposite—an attempt to control nature at its most intimate level—the genetic code.”
Most organic experts point to health risks surrounding GM foods as a major reason why GMOs could never be integrated into organic agriculture.
Pamela Ronald has written that “there has not been a single case of illness associated with these (GM) crops.” This claim is often repeated by proponents of biotechnology but the reality is that no one knows if anyone has gotten sick eating GM foods because there is no monitoring to see if illnesses are linked to GM foods. “There is no data from independent, long-term studies on the human health impacts from eating GM crops,” says Tim LaSalle, the former chief executive officer of the Rodale Institute.
Other experts agree. “Right now, we clearly don’t know enough about GMOs to integrate them into anything,” says David Vetter, president of Grain Place Foods and organic farmer of 35 years.
“GM crops are comprised of novel genetic constructs which have never been part of the human diet and may not be recognized by the intestinal system as digestible food, leading to the possible relationship between genetic engineering and a dramatic increase in food allergies, obesity, diabetes, and other food-related diseases,” Riddle says.
Organic experts see opposite impacts on the environment with the two approaches. “Organic agriculture is based on the fundamental principle of building and maintaining healthy soil, aquatic, and terrestrial ecosystems,” Riddle says. “To date, GM has
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轶事说明了拿破仑的魅力或受欢迎程度。by E. A. Wallis Budge
Volume 1 of the monumental work containing about 25,000 words and terms that occur in texts ranging from 3000 B.C. to 600 A.D. Each entry consists of a transliteration of the word, the word in hieroglyphs, and the meaning in English. Indispensable to serious student.
Paperback: 748 pagesDella scelta n°4 al Draft 2019 si è parlato tantissimo, perché originariamente apparteneva ai Los Angeles Lakers che – per arrivare ad Anthony Davis – hanno dovuto sacrificarla insieme a Lonzo Ball, Brandon Ingram, Josh Hart e due prime scelte future. La trade ha immediatamente fatto dei Pelicans la squadra più ricca al Draft, visto che di loro proprietà era già anche la n°1 assoluta, destinata (come tutti presumono) a Zion Williamson. Un’altra squadra decisa a presentarsi carica alla serata del 20 giugno, però, sono gli Atlanta Hawks, titolari alla vigilia di ben tre scelte dalla n°8 alla 35 (compresa in mezzo anche la n° 17). E allora, con il gm degli Hawks Travis Schlenk apparentemente innamorato della stella di Virginia De'Andre Hunter (come l’anno scorso di Trae Young, al punto da organizzare lo scambio con Dallas per Luka Doncic), ecco che Atlanta diventa la nuova proprietaria del pick n°4 rinunciando alle sue tre scelte al Draft e assorbendo anche il contratto di Solomon Hill, 12.8 milioni per la sua ultima stagione, mettendo contemporanemnte le mani sulla n°57 e su una seconda scelta futura. I Pelicans affrontano quindi il Draft con la primissima scelta assoluta ma anche con la n°8, la 17 e la 35, mentre in Georgia provano a ritornare da corsa affidandosi a un nucleo giovanissimo ma molto promettente guidato dal terzetto Trae Young-De'Andre Hunter-John Collins.İngiliz basınına konuşan Zlatan Ibrahimovic, “United’da olup biten her şey Ferguson dönemine göre yargılanıyor. ‘Ferguson olsaydı bu yaşanmazdı, Ferguson böyle yapmazdı, Ferguson böyle yapardı’ diyorlar. Ben olsam, ‘Artık Ferguson yok. Burada kendi tarihimi, kendi hikayemi yazmak istiyorum’ derdim. Daha önce ne olduğunu artık duymak istemiyorum. Ferguson’ın Manchester United tarihinde önemli bir yeri var, ancak kulüp de yoluna devam ediyor. United kendi kimliğini bulmak zorunda ve bu oldukça zor ” ifadelerini kullandı.GreenRoom: January 2010
Clean air is often taken for granted – you can’t see it until it’s gone. By then the federal government may be punishing you for fouling it, which is what happened in the late ’90s, when Atlanta’s failure to meet standards prescribed by the Clean Air Act froze federal transportation funding, which makes up nearly half of all such funding in Georgia.
Under new air quality standards, Athens, Macon, Augusta, Columbus and Rome, in addition to Atlanta, could be designated “non-attainment” areas for air quality in the next two years. These regions could lose out on significant grants if they aren’t trying to take cars off the road even as new roads are built.
The new standards are hard to argue with – they are based on eight hours of measurement instead of one. Accord-ing to the Environmental Protection Agency, vehicle emissions were found to account for 62 percent of the air pollution that forms ground-level ozone in the Athens-Clarke County region; 67 percent in the Chatta-hoochee Valley region; 52 percent in Houston County; and 53 percent in Atlanta.
Atlanta has benefited from the efforts of the Clean Air Campaign (CAC) to instill a commute-option culture into the corporate climate.
“Some believe our air has gotten worse, but it’s actually better than it was 20 years ago,” says CAC Executive Director Kevin Green.
“While we ought to celebrate our successes, we are also learning more about how air quality impacts public health and that concentrations [even] at lower amounts can have adverse affects on our most vulnerable citizens: the elderly, children and those with respiratory challenges,” says Green.
“There are unprecedented things in play. Traditionally things were happening at baby-step, incremental speed; now we are seeing large, sweeping changes,” says Green. “Some of these changes in air quality standards were initiated under the Bush Administration, but the Obama Administration has taken things to warp speed, and state regulatory agencies are struggling to keep up. It is estimated that in the United States, we currently regulate some 300 million tons of criteria pollutants. Under new proposals to regulate greenhouse gas emissions, it is estimated that this will go up to 7 billion tons.”
The Clean Air Campaign is opening offices in Athens, Augusta, Columbus, Macon and Rome. “Some of these areas are where Atlanta was 15 years ago,” says Green. “There is a dawning awareness that air quality may have been taken for granted. The new standards are bringing new strategies to control it to the forefront.”
The Clean Air Campaign has won national awards for its common-sense strategies such as idle reduction and telecommuting, used by some of the state’s biggest companies, incuding UPS.
“Our plans often just hadn’t been thought of before. With new emissions technology, if you idle more than 30 seconds, it makes more sense to turn [the engine] off and restart. That was not the case 15 years ago,” Green says. CAC received a grant from UPS Foundation last year to implement a no-idle program with private and public sector fleets and shipping operations, as well as expand school no-idling programs.
“Commute options, however, are the bread and butter of what we do,” says Green. These options include any alternative to driving alone: ridesharing (carpool/vanpool), peak alternatives (flexible work hours), cycling or walking, telework, transit and compressed workweeks. Now they will include emerging strategies like High Occupancy Toll lanes as well. “People are doing peak alternatives as an adaptive strategy anyway, and telework is huge,” says Green.
In Metro Atlanta, nearly 300,000 workers telecommute one day a week.
“It’s not a right or a worker benefit,” says Green, “it’s a business strategy. Teleworking is becoming more recognized as a business continuity strategy in response to a potential flu pandemic, or flooding, road construction – you don’t have continuity without telework. And if you’re waiting for a disaster to start, then it’s too late.”
There is also a telework tax credit available in Georgia now to offset $20,000 worth of expenses to start up telework. But there is no magic bullet, says Green, and the key to CAC’s success is adapting flexible strategies tailored to specific solutions. “We’re offering nationally recognized services and expertise at no expense. Across the board, productivity goes up; and we have proven cases,” says Green.
“The biggest strength of what we do is that it has an immediate impact with a multiple range of benefits.”۸۱. بررسی کارایی مصرف برق و برآورد احتمالات انتقال میان رژیم های با کارایی بالا و پایین مصرف برق در بخش کشاورزی ایران نویسنده: خلیل جهانگیری حسن حیدری سید علی حسینی ابراهیم آباد منبع: اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی جلد ۳۱ زمستان ۱۳۹۶ شماره ۴ کلید واژه ها: ایران بخش کشاورزی کارایی انرژی مدل تغییر رژیم مارکف مصرف برق حوزه های تخصصی: حوزههای تخصصی اقتصاد اقتصاد بخشی،اقتصاد صنعتی،کشاورزی،انرژی،منابع طبیعی،محیط زیست اقتصاد انرژی انرژی برق ساختار بازار،مقیاس بهینه،کارایی تعداد بازدید : ۲۸۱ چکیده تعداد دانلود : ۲۹۱ هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی کارایی مصرف برق در بخش کشاورزی ایران در دوره زمانی ۱۳۴۲ تا ۱۳۹۳ با استفاده از مدل تغییر رژیم مارکف است. نتایج حاصل از تخمین مدل تغییر رژیم مارکف برای کارایی مصرف برق در بخش کشاورزی در دوره زمانی تحقیق حاکی از تداوم رژیم با کارایی پایین مصرف برق در این بخش نسبت به رژیم با کارایی بالای استفاده از انرژی برق می باشد. همچنین، گذار از وضعیت هایی که در آن ها کارایی استفاده از برق پایین می باشد به کندی و خروج از رژیم هایی که در آن ها کارایی استفاده از برق بالا می باشد به تندی صورت می گیرد. در نهایت، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که سطح عمومی قیمت ها اثر منفی و معنی دار و تولید سرانه بخش کشاورزی تأثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر کارایی مصرف برق در بخش کشاورزی دارند.La collana LV Eclipse si distingue per il design intramontabile, omaggio alla tradizione della Maison. La catenella a maglie è impreziosita da un ciondolo centrale a forma di piccolo anello con le iniziali LV. Il modello può essere abbinato agli accessori coordinati dell'omonima Capsule Collection, in cui l'iconico decoro è sempre posizionato all'interno di un cerchio, ma in punti diversi.上周申请失业救济金的美国人数下降超过预期，劳动力市场的增强可能进一步缓解经济下行的担忧。
美国劳工部(DOL)周四(1月10日)表示，截至1月5日当周，首次申请失业救济人数减少17,000人，经季节性调整后为216,000人(路透预测225,000人)。上周的数据从231,000上修为233,000。
上周，初请四周均值被认为是衡量劳动力市场趋势的一个更好的衡量指标，因为它反映了一周到周的波动，上涨了2,500，达到221,750。
在截至12月29日的一周内，美国政府部分关闭申请福利。为许多政府机构工作的私营承包商也没有报酬。美国总统特朗普要求美国国会今年给他57亿美元帮助在美国与墨西哥边境建立隔离墙，联邦政府于12月22日部分关闭。关闭已经影响了四分之一的政府，包括商务部，已经让80万名员工被解雇或无薪工作。
在截至12月29日的一周内，申请失业救济金的联邦雇员人数增加了3,831人，达到4,760人。被解雇的联邦政府工作人员可以提交失业救济金申请，但是付款将取决于国会是否决定追溯支付他们的工资。
上周非农报告称12月份创造了312,000个就业岗位，这是近10个月以来的最大增幅。由于一些失业的美国人涌入劳动力市场，他们对就业前景充满信心，失业率上升了0.2个百分点至3.9%。
12月消费者信心和制造业活动急剧下滑后，劳动力市场的强势帮助平息了经济正在大幅放缓的担忧，这令市场感到不安。然而，金融市场趋紧和全球经济增长放缓可能使美联储对今年加息持谨慎态度。
周三公布的美联储政策会议纪要显示，“许多”官员认为“能够对进一步的政策紧缩感到耐心”。美联储预测今年将加息两次。美联储主席鲍威尔和几位政策制定者表示，他们将在今年的政策决策中保持耐心和灵活。
（文章来源：中金网）
(责任编辑：DF309)Çalışanların şirketinizden ayrılma oranını anlamak kulağa basit gelebilir ve öyle de. Çalışan devir hızı, bir kuruluşun refahını etkiler. Yönetimin verimliliği, eğitimin etkinliği ve çalışan memnuniyeti seviyeleri hakkında içgörüler sunar. Çalışanların değiştirilmesi pahalı bir iştir, bu nedenle çalışan devir oranını düşürmek maliyetlerde önemli bir düşüşle sonuçlanır.
Çalışan Devir Hızı Temelleri
Çalışan devir oranı, bir kuruluşun belirli bir süre içinde ayrılan ve değiştirilmesi gereken işgücünün oranıdır. Hem gönüllü hem de istem dışı ayrılıklar dahildir. Çalışan devir oranları bir sektörden diğerine değişir. Örneğin, perakende ve yemek hizmeti şirketleri genellikle imalat şirketlerinden nispeten daha yüksek ciro oranlarına sahiptir. Bunun bir nedeni, genellikle yarı zamanlı ve sonunda başka işlere geçecek öğrenci işçilere güvenmeleridir. Tipik olarak, yüksek düzeyde beceri ve sorumluluk gerektiren pozisyonların devir oranları daha düşüktür.
Çalışan Devir Hızı Maliyetleri
Maliyetleri göz önünde bulundurduğunuzda, çalışan devir oranınızın önemi açıkça görülmektedir. Vasıfsız bir işçinin maliyetini, işçinin yıllık maaşının yüzde 30 ila yüzde 50'si arasında değiştirmek. Diğer uçta, bir denetim veya teknik pozisyonu doldurmak, yıllık maaşın yüzde 100 ila yüzde 150'si kadardır. Bir işveren, yeni personel almak için para harcamalıdır. Sonra işe alma ve eğitim maliyetleri var. Değişim hızlanana kadar diğer çalışanlar fazla çalıştırılabilir ve fazla mesai ücreti alabilir. Tüm bu gereksinimler karşılanıncaya kadar, firmanızın verimlilik azalması, bozulmuş kalite ve yetersiz müşteri hizmetleri yaşama olasılığı yüksektir.
Çalışan Devir Hızının Hesaplanması
Bir yıl için çalışan devir oranını belirlemeyi seçtiğinizde, önceki 12 ay için bazı özel bilgiler toplamanız gerekir. İlk olarak, yıl içinde meydana gelen toplam ayrılık sayısına ihtiyacınız var. Ardından, şirketinizin sahip olduğu ortalama çalışan sayısını hesaplayın. Bu ortalamayı hesaplamak için yılın başındaki çalışan sayısını sondaki sayıya ekleyin ve ikiye bölün. Örneğin 100 çalışanla başladıysanız ve yılı 120 ile bitirdiyseniz, bu rakamları toplayın ve ikiye bölün. Ortalama 110 çalışandır.
Toplam ayrımı ortalama çalışan sayısına bölün ve bir yüzdeye dönüştürmek için yanıtı 100 ile çarpın. 110 kişilik ortalama işgücünden son 12 ayda 33 çalışanı kaybettiğinizi varsayalım. Yüzde 30'luk çalışan devir oranını bulmak için 33'ü 110'a bölün ve 100 ile çarpın.
Çalışan Devrinin Azaltılması
Movenpick Resort tarafından çalışan devrini azaltmaya yönelik başarılı bir çabayla ilgili yakın tarihli bir vaka çalışması, işverenlerin ele alması gereken iki özel alanı vurgulamaktadır: eğitim ve iletişimin etkinliği. İşverenler, olası yeni bir işe alımın uygun olmasını sağlayacak özellikleri belirlemek için üst düzey çalışanları incelemelidir. Eğitim, öncelikli olarak mentor olarak hareket eden süpervizörlerle çalışan merkezli olmalıdır.
İşverenlerin, çalışanın yalnızca talimat alan biri yerine aktif bir katılımcı olması için iki yönlü iletişim kurması gerekir. İlk oryantasyon ve eğitim tamamlandığında bu çabalar durmamalıdır. Yönetim, bir çalışan şirkette olduğu sürece devam eden eğitim ve iletişim özelliklerini etkin hale getirmelidir.The History of Metal Detectors
Metal Detectors have a very unique past as they have evolved over the years as an important piece of history. Earlier versions of what we know today that includes modern technology were first developed back in the late 1800s. At this time, a crude metal detector was made quickly in an attempt to save President James Garfield from a gunshot wound that later took his life. But, the electromagnetic concept would soon be perfected into a useful well known device.
The People behind the Metal Detector
Alexander Graham Bell was behind the first metal detector around 1881. He tried to come up with a metal detector in a frantic attempt to save President Garfield from a bullet wound. Soon after, Bell recognized the metal coils in the bed President Garfield was laying on affected his attempt in saving the president. It caused what he called an induction balance from his electromagnetic device.
A German physicist named Heinrich Wilhelm Dove worked with the device and developed the theory of magnetism. During this time, other scientists were working on concepts that would detect different types of metals. In 1925 the first hand-held metal detector was developed by inventor Gerhard Fischer. By the 1930s it was patented and available for commercial sale. Later, metal detector manufacturers designed lighter and smaller detector devices that ran on batteries during the 1950s and 1960s.
What Do They Detect?
Jewelry, coins, minerals, and other objects can be detected at different depths in soil
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，像是亚尔特峰和卓越山脉,美丽的景色在这里都一览无遗！
荷兰 纳尔登
纳尔登是一个坐落在星形要塞之中的小镇，更特别的地方是它主要以坚固的城墙和护城河围绕建造而成的。在冬天的时候，那些保护这个小镇的防御城墙和护城河都会结冰！
斯洛维尼亚 布莱德
布莱德城是在如画一般的山脉的庇护下建造的，坐落在布莱德湖的正中央，这个美丽的湖就是城堡专属的边界，这个海拔高度约500公尺的小镇还以一些健康SPA闻名。它被当时的神圣罗马帝国皇帝认定为一个非常美丽的城镇，并将其赠送给布列瑟农主教。
捷克共和国 斯特拉姆
斯特拉姆座落在一个可以俯瞰城市的森林山坡上，这个山坡上更有一个中古世纪的华丽高塔俯瞰着这个小镇，美丽的木建小屋能够让附近幸运的居民在冬天时感到温暖舒适!
日本 白川乡
白川乡是一个小巧又传统的村落，村落中的房屋都拥有无比陡峭的屋顶，而且这些屋顶虽然陡峭，却能够承受很重的积雪！
奥地利 达米尔斯
达米尔斯每年的降雪深度大约为10公尺深，可以说是欧洲积雪最多的地方，这个居住人口只有300人左右的小镇，每年到冬天就成为许多体育迷的好去处。
奥地利 瑟佛斯
有许多证据显示，这个美丽的小镇在铜器时代就有人居住了，并且还把这个地方当成牧地使用。现在这个地方则被当成是休闲胜地，并且是旅客在到达滑雪区域“瑟佛斯·费斯·拉迪斯”的中途休息站。
英格兰 马洛
马洛是一个泰唔士河畔的沉寂的教区，虽然这个地方离伦敦闹区只有48公里左右的距离，但这里却给人一种完全不同的寂静感受，尤其是在冬季，这种感受会更加强烈！
俄罗斯 维堡
维堡坐落于俄罗斯和芬兰的交界处，并且被塞马运河环绕着，运河到冬天时会结冰，在城堡的塔上向下俯瞰，整个小镇看起来完全被积雪所覆盖，非常美丽。
德国 班贝格
班贝格小镇的中心是在公元前902年开拓的，是一个景色非常美丽的世界遗产。这个完整保存的中世纪小镇以及它的鹅卵石街道，让冬季徜徉在这个街道上的人们感到非常享受!
奥地利 哈尔施塔特
哈尔施塔特镇是奥地利上奥地利州萨尔茨卡默古特地区的一个村庄，位于哈尔施塔特湖湖畔，海拔高度511米。哈尔施塔特的“Hall”可能源自于古克尔特语的“盐”，得名于村庄附近的盐矿，历史上这一地区就因盐而致富，因此这里又被称作“世界上最美的小镇”或“世界最古老的盐都”。Practical Project: Design
This section should be where you are going to plan out your entire system before you build it. It doesn't always work out this way and you might find yourself coming back and changing things as you actually code your project. It is not recommended to write the design before you have done some coding. From your Analysis you should have an idea of what you are going to produce and have sourced some text books to get you started. Complete a couple of simple example programs before writing your Design, this way you'll have a better idea of the capabilities of the language you are using. And remember, don't be afraid to come back and change things!
- 1 Sections to Include
- 1.1 Overall System Design
- 1.2 Modular Design
- 1.3 Definition of data requirements (Design Data Dictionary)
- 1.4 Definition of record structure
- 1.5 Validation required
- 1.6 File organisation and processing (if appropriate)
- 1.7 Database design including normalised relations (if appropriate)
- 1.8 Sample of planned SQL queries (if appropriate)
- 1.9 Identification of storage media
- 1.10 Identification of suitable algorithms for data transformation, pseudocode of these algorithms
- 1.11 Class definitions(diagrams) and detail of object behaviours and methods (if appropriate)
- 1.12 User interface design (HCI) rationale
- 1.13 Description of measures planned for security and integrity of data
- 1.14 Description of measures planned for system security
- 1.15 Overall test strategy
Sections to Include
To get full marks you should aim to write something about all of the following. Some projects won't require all sections, for example you might not have a database and therefore have no need to include SQL. It's always best to check with your teacher about what you need to include.
Overall System Design
To give a clear idea of how we are going to complete our project it's a good idea to use an IPSO chart. IPSO stands for Input, Process, Storage, Output. Every project should have information under these headings. An example is below:
- Input - these might include various types of human interaction and loading data from external sources such as databases, web feeds, scientific instruments etc.
- Process - this is the important bit. What are you going to process, what is it going to calculate?
- Storage - this will record all the ways that you are going to store data, it might include database table names, structure names and external files such as xml and csv.
- Output - What will the end user be given, what will be output to the screen?
Let's take a look at an example:
Highest performing Salesperson
Highest paying customer
Monthly sales chart
When you design your system you need to split it into smaller components. Like this book having different chapters about different things, your project should have different parts (modules) that do different things, but when they are combined they make up a complete whole.
There are two ways to split your project into modules, one is code based and the other is form based. Ideally, your project should be using both methods.
If your program has lots of different functions and uses a website or an application you probably have different pages to perform different tasks. You are also able to navigate from one page to another starting at your main menu. You need to show the different forms/pages that you use and how you would get from one to another:
- Main Menu
- Adjust Products
- Add Products
- Remove Products
- Update Products
- Sell Item
- Adjust Staff
- Add Staff
- Remove Staff
- Update Staff
- Adjust Products
Even better than this you could draw a nice diagram on how everything links together.
If you are writing a very complicated coding project then you might be using modules of code, some modules that build off other modules. You might also be using Classes and you need to show the class inheritance diagrams
Definition of data requirements (Design Data Dictionary)
Incredibly similar to your Analysis. If you haven't made any changes since then and it is normalised, just copy the data into here. You'll have to do a little more work in a second on the validation areas. Write down how the values are to be stored while the program is running and what data needs to be stored long-term, is the data to be stored in database tables or files?
Definition of record structure
If you are saving anything to text files or XML files mention here how those files are organised.
If you are using records or structures in your code mention them here and how they work.
If you are getting the user to input data you will definitely need to validate the data that they insert. For example if you are getting them to fill in a new customer record you will have fields such as Title, First Name, Date of Birth, Number of toes. You want them to input data such as:
Mr. Peter 16/07/93 9
And what will happen if they type in the following:
Mrr. PeanutButter jellytime -8
Well it'll probably break your system, we need to prevent them from entering garbage into our system. If we allow rubbish data our calculations won't work, our reports will be wrong and the data will be useless. Remember this rule:
Garbage In, Garbage Out
To prevent garbage being input we are going to validate, that means check, each item of data that a person inputs into the system. We can do this in many ways
|Validation Check||Description||Suitable Applicable Field||Valid data||Erroneous Data|
|Datatype||Checks that only a certain data type is inserted into a field. Such as a date or an integer||date of birth||18/02/97||13/13/13 or "clot"|
|Length||Checks that the data entered has the correct number of characters. For example a British phone number is always 11 characters, or the ID of a shopping item might always be 5 characters||Postcode||E4 7HJ||EEE668 JUY|
|Range||Checks that the data is within a set range, being greater than, less than, between, etc. For example the age of someone will be greater than 0, the number of days in a month would be greater or equal to 28 and less than 31.||Number of kidneys||2||45|
|Presence||This is when you need to make inputting data compulsory, the user isn't allowed to miss a field out. For example, they must state whether they agree or disagree with a legal statement, they must enter a postcode||Phone number||07070707070||(blank)|
|Lookup/List||This is when you only allow set values into a field. For example a Title would only allow for "Mr.", "Ms.", "Miss.", "Mrs.", "Dr.". Anything else would be erroneous. You can implement this normally by using a drop down list||Gender||Female||TeaPot|
Most of these validation checks are built into database packages, so if you create a database and then use a development suite to create the forms, the validation will be built into the forms automatically. If you don't have this privilege, you'll have to hard code it. That of course will come in the Technical Solution stage. Let's take a look at our original garbage data, did we manage to use validation to stop all the nonsense getting into our database?
|Field Name||Validation Checks||Description||Error message||Data||Caught|
|Title||Lookup ("Mr.", "Ms.", "Miss.", "Mrs.", "Dr.")||only allow correct formatted titles||Please insert a valid Title||Mrr.||Yes|
|First Name||Presence||make sure name is a sensible length and present||Please insert a name||Peter8||No, we can't catch people being purposely malicious, you could try and code some checks but beware of the 'Scunthorpe problem'!|
|Date of Birth||Datatype(Date)||Make sure they have input a correct DoB||Please insert a valid date||jelly||Yes|
|Number of toes||14 > Length >= 0||Make sure they have a sensible number of toes||Please insert a number between 0 and 13||-8||Yes|
For your report you need to write a table like the one above, though you can omit the last two columns.
When you are trying to enforce a format to data being input, you might want to use validation notation. For example if you want to specify that a class name must be a two digit number followed by three letters, for example 12PKP, You could write:
Or even more simply:
The regex expression equivalent could be:
File organisation and processing (if appropriate)
- File sizes
- Data Volumes
Database design including normalised relations (if appropriate)
If you are making a database then you need to include an E-R Diagram. You should show the diagram and explain what each of the relationships mean. For example:
- A student can have many bookings
- Each booking only has one student
- Each booking only has one book
- A book can be involved in many bookings
Sample of planned SQL queries (if appropriate)
If you are making a database you need to write about the SQL that you use to SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE things from your tables. In some cases you might also be writing the code behind making the individual tables, the data definition language. In fact those headings are exactly what you need to use.
When you are querying your database you might get some unexpected errors, where a query fails to run when it doesn't appear to have any problem with it. This may be due to using a resevered word in your query. SQL has a lot of reserved words, words that have special meanings, and if you use one of these in a query it won't treat it as a field name. For example:
SELECT Username, Password FROM tblUsers
This might bring up an error as
SELECT Username, [Password] FROM tblUsers
There are many other reserved words out there, so be careful:
PERCENT, PLAN, PRECISION, EXISTS, PRIMARY, PRINT, PUBLIC, BACKUP, FOREIGN, READ,FREETEXT, FROM, REFERENCES, BULK, FULL, RESTORE, GROUP, IDENTITY, RULE, SAVE, INDEX, SELECT, STATISTICS, KEY, TABLE, NATIONAL, DATABASE, UNION, DELETE, DISK, ON, USER, PASSWORD
Different databases have different sets of reserved words, you can find a good list here
Note: If you are not using a SQL server (for example, using MySQL with PHP) you may need to use `backticks` instead of square bracket notation.
This section should list all the SQL you have written that returns selections of records. You should describe in plain English where the SQL is used and what it does and then include the SQL with any annotations that you need. For example:
This SQL statement selects the details (ID, Name, Price, Description) of a product which has been selected by the user. So that the user can view the product detail on the preview screen before buying the product
SELECT ID, Name, Price, Description FROM Products WHERE ID=?
This section should list all the SQL you have written that inserts new records into your database. You should describe in plain English where the SQL is used and what it does and then include the SQL with any annotations that you need. For example:
This SQL statement adds a new high score along with the date the score was achieved for a users account.
INSERT INTO Scores (ID, DateofScore, Score) VALUES (?,?,?)
This section should list all the SQL you have written that updates an old record with new details. You should describe in plain English where the SQL is used and what it does and then include the SQL with any annotations that you need. For example:
This SQL statement updates the date of birth of a user, after they have updated the form that launches when they first log into the program.
UPDATE User SET DoB=? WHERE ID=?
Data Definition Language
If you have designed your database tables using a program such as Open ModelSphere you can then define the code behind making your tables which you can then feed into MySQL or MSSQL to create your database. Get some credit for this and list your DDL. For example, the command to create a table named employees with a few sample columns would be:
CREATE TABLE employees ( id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, first_name CHAR(50) null, last_name CHAR(75) not null, dateofbirth DATE null );
Identification of storage media
This is quite easy if you remember the hardware section of Unit 2. You must recommend how your system will be distributed to and then run by the user.
You need to start off by calculating how much space the program will take up to distribute and how much space it will take up when it is running.
Distributing your software will require that you transmit the data to the user somehow. This could be through a CD-ROM, USB drive, DVD-ROM or internet connection. Why would you pick each? Which would be most suitable? Think about security, speed, having a backup, size of files to transmit.
Running the system will in most cases require the user to be able to write new files to your system, saving high scores, new purchases etc. How big will the system feasibly get? You need to recommend something that will allow the user to read and write to, something that is secure and reliable, and something that will be big enough and fast enough to handle everything. A CD-ROM would not be suitable here, why? Hard Disks could be suitable, why?
Identification of suitable algorithms for data transformation, pseudocode of these algorithms
You will be asked to provide examples of designing your code. If you have lots of code then pick the 6-8 most interesting examples. For each bit of code try to include the following:
- Plain English explanation
- Pseudo code
For example with a log in screen you could write the following:
This code takes the username and password input by the user and then checks them against the login details stored in the login file.
var userName = Textbox.username var password = Textbox.password
load the acceptable login names and passwords from the text file and store it into var acceptableLogins
If userName and password are in acceptableLogins Then
- Login Allowed
- Show Menu screen
- Show error message
Class definitions(diagrams) and detail of object behaviours and methods (if appropriate)
If you have used Object Orientation in writing your program (highly recommended to get in the top mark band) you need to describe it here. You must mention the following:
- Class names
- Any inheritance
- Attributes (variables) and whether they are public or private, explaining what they are for
- Function names with return values and description
- Procedures names with return values and description
- Any overriding performed
User interface design (HCI) rationale
In all
|
22 | 4 | 2 |
着洗手的重要性。
当无人机聚集在一起形成一个男人和一个女人彼此后退时，社会距离被突出显示。放置在显示器上方的无人机形成闪烁的箭头，提醒观看者不要彼此靠近。
其他一些无人机显示器还包括竖起大拇指，在红色心脏旁边拼写的“谢谢”一词以及韩国国旗。
如若转载，请注明出处：http://www.woiwrj.com/wurenjibiaoyan/881/هیرو آسانسور بهترین شرکت و برند آسانسور در ایران
و بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران و کرج
امروزه با پیشرفت فناوری ها و توسعه سیستم های جابجایی بار و مسافر در ساختمان ها، از انواع آسانسورها، بالابرها، پله برقی و پیاده روهای متحرک استفاده می شود. طراحی و ساخت این تجهیزات و سیستم ها با توجه به مدل ها، نیاز کاربران، فناوری به کار رفته، قابلیت ها و امکانات و غیره می تواند متفاوت باشد. این سیستم ها معمولا از موتورهای الکتریکی برای تولید نیرو استفاده می کنند. البته سیستم انتقال نیرو در این تجهیزات شامل دو نوع کششی و هیدرولیک است. شرکت ها و برندهای مختلفی در زمینه طراحی و تولید آسانسور فعالیت می کنند که هر کدام سیستم های متفاوتی را به بازار عرضه می کنند. البته این که از میان این شرکت ها، بهترین شرکت آسانسور، بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران، بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج و معتبرترین شرکت آسانسور کدام است، سوالی است که ما در این مطلب قصد داریم به آن پاسخ دهیم.
بهترین شرکت آسانسور
در حوزه تولید آسانسور و تجهیزات آن، شرکت های مختلفی که فعالیت می کنند همگی ملزم به رعایت استانداردها و الزامات خاصی هستند. اما در میان این شرکت ها، ممکن است چند شرکت خاص، بهترین شرکت های آسانسور باشند. البته انتخاب بهترین شرکت آسانسور، باید بر اساس معیارها و ویژگی هایی که آن شرکت باید داشته باشد، انجام می شود. به این معنا که اگر یک شرکت بتواند تمامی معیارهای لازم را داشته و تمامی استانداردها را رعایت کند، می توان آن را بهترین شرکت آسانسور محسوب کرد.
بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران
در کشورمان شرکت های مختلفی در حوزه سیستم های آسانسور فعالیت می کنند. به طوری که از مجموعه این شرکت ها، برخی از آن ها قطعات سیستم های آسانسور را تولید می کنند. برخی هم در زمینه واردات آسانسور و تجهیزات آن فعالیت می کنند. برخی هم به نصب و سرویس سیستم های آسانسور می پردازند. در این ارتباط اگر بخواهیم از میان شرکت های تخصصی آسانسور که در کشورمان فعالیت می کنند بهترین شرکت آسانسور را انتخاب کنیم مطمئنا به راحتی امکان پذیر نیست. آن هم به این دلیل که عمده شرکت های تخصصی آسانسور در ایران ضمن رعایت استانداردها و ضوابط همواره کوشش می کنند تا رضایت مشتریان را از خدمات خود کسب کنند. به گونه ای که ممکن است مشتریان از خدمات یک شرکت خاص استفاده کنند و نسبت به آن رضایت داشته باشند، در این صورت آن را بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران تلقی می کنند.
شرکت آسانسور و پله برقی هیرو جزو بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران و همچنین بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران و کرج محسوب می شود. این شرکت که به عنوان شرکت آسانسور معتبر در ایران شناخته شده است، با ارائه خدمات در زمینه آسانسور و پله برقی و کلیه خدمات سرویس و نگهداری، در رده شرکت های برتر آسانسور در ایران قرار گرفته است.
بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران
شهر تهران را می توان مرکز تجهیزات و قطعات آسانسور در ایران دانست. به طوری که بیشترین شرکت های تولیدکننده و ارائه دهنده خدمات تخصصی آسانسور در شهر تهران قرار دارد. همچنین معتبرترین شرکت ها هم در این شهر واقع شده اند که در سطح کشور شرکت های شناخته شده ای هستند. در میان شرکت های مختلفی که به طور تخصصی در زمینه آسانسور و تجهیزات مربوط به آن فعالیت می کنند انتخاب یک شرکت که بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران باشد مسلما کار دشواری خواهد بود. زیرا در عین حال که شرکت های معتبر در تهران تمام کوشش خود را به کار می گیرند تا اعتبار خود را نزد مشتریان حفظ کنند؛ اما با وجود این کم تر شرکتی پیدا می شود که تمامی خدمات خود را با کیفیت بالا و به نحو تمام و کمال ارائه دهد. از این رو برای این که انتخاب یک شرکت آسانسور در تهران در میان شرکت های متعدد آسان تر شود نیازمند معیارها و ویژگی هایی هستیم که اگر یک شرکت بتواند بیشتری میزان رعایت معیارها و برخورداری از ویژگی ها را داشته باشد، مسلما می تواند بهترین شرکت آسانسور در تهران باشد.
بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج
انتخاب بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج در میان شرکتهای فعال آسانسور در این شهر چندان کار ساده ای نیست. به همین منظور برای آن که بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج را تشخیص دهید باید به سراغ ویژگیهایی بروید که این شرکت باید داشته باشد. از این رو در ادامه مقاله به بررسی ویژگی ها و معیارهایی پرداختهایم که اگر شرکتی این معیارها و ویژگیها را داشته باشد می توانید عنوان بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج را به آن نسبت دهید.
- رزومه پربار و سابقه بالا
مطمئنا اولین ویژگی بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج، داشتن سابقه بالا در اجرای انواع پروژههای آسانسور است که نشاندهنده رزومه پربار آن شرکت خواهد بود. رزومه و سابقه شرکتهای مختلف را میتوان از پروژههای اجرا شده و پرس و جو از کارفرمایان به دست آورد. به این منظور وقتی به دنبال یک شرکت معتبر برای اجرای پروژه آسانسور هستید، حتما سوابق و تجربیات آن را مورد بررسی قرار دهید.
- برخورداری از مجوزهای لازم
یکی از ضروریات فعالیت هر شرکت آسانسور، اخذ مجوزهای لازم از مراجع ذی ربط است. به همین منظور یک شرکت معتبر آسانسور در کرج یا هر شهر دیگری باید پروانه یا مجوز طراحی و تولید آسانسور را از وزارت صنعت اخذ کرده باشد. همچنین اخذ گواهی پایان کار در پروژههای ساختمانی که اجرای سیستم آسانسور هم جزء آن محسوب میشود منوط به اخذ تاییدیه استاندارد آسانسور است که باید شرکت آسانسوری این اقدامات را انجام دهد.
- استفاده از تجهیزات و قطعات باکیفیت
یکی دیگر از معیارهای مهمی که بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج باید از آن برخوردار باشد، استفاده از قطعات و تجهیزات باکیفیت در مراحل مونتاژ و تولید آسانسور است. در این رابطه یک شرکت معتبر آسانسور کوشش میکند تا قطعات و تجهیزات ساخت برندهای معتبر و اصلی را در تولید آسانسور به کار ببرد. زیرا در غیر این صورت، آسانسور کیفیت لازم را نخواهد داشت و در مدت زمان کوتاه، با خرابیهای متعددی روبرو خواهد شد. همچنین حقوق مصرف کنندگان و استفاده کنندگان از آسانسور هم ضایع خواهد شد.
- ارائه گارانتی معتبر و خدمات پس از فروش مطلوب
از دیگر ویژگیهایی که بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج می تواند داشته باشد، آن است که موقع تحویل پروژه آسانسور به کارفرما، گارانتی معتبر را به وی ارائه دهد. همچنین پس از اجرای پروژه آسانسور تا مدت زمان مشخصی، خدمات پس از فروش آن هم به صورت مطلوب را به کارفرما یا مشتری ارائه دهد. یک شرکت معتبر آسانسوری برای حفظ اعتبار و جایگاه خود، به حقوق مشتریان و کارفرمایان اهمیت زیادی میدهد و پس از اجرای پروژه هم با ارائه خدمات قید شده در گارانتی و نیز سایر خدمات پس از فروش به تعهد خود مبنی بر مشتری مداری عمل میکند.
- بهرهگیری از پرسنل توانمند و متخصص
یک شرکت معتبر آسانسور، همواره از نیروهای متخصص و توانمند بهره میگیرد. پرسنل بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج از نظر تخصص، تجربه و مهارت در سطح بالایی هستند و آموزش های تخصصی را به طور کامل گزارنده اند. آسانسور از جمله سیستم هایی است که در صورت عدم کافی بودن مهارت و تخصص تکنسین ها و نصابان، نمی تواند عملکرد درستی داشته باشد و حتی امکان بروز حوادث هم وجود دارد. پرسنل یک شرکت معتبر و شناخته شده آسانسور تلاش می کنند تا همواره بر دانش فنی و مهارت های عملی خود بیفزایند. همچنین متعهد هستند تا در اجرای پروژه های آسانسور تمام تلاش خود را به عمل آورند تا محصول نهایی از کیفیت بالایی برخوردار بوده و در عین حال هم در استفاده از امکانات و تجهیزات، صرفه جویی به عمل آید.
- سرعت در ارائه خدمات
از جمله دیگر معیارهایی که باید بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج داشته باشد، سرعت در ارائه خدمات است. شرکت معتبر آسانسور تمام کوشش خود را به کار می گیرد تا خدمات خود اعم از طراحی، مونتاژ، نصب و راه اندازی و همچنین نگهداری، سرویس و تعمیر آسانسورها را در کوتاه ترین زمان ممکن و به طور سریع انجام دهد. زیرا سیستم آسانسور از جمله ضروریات بسیار اساسی یک ساختمان چند طبقه است که در صورت وقوع مشکل برای آسانسور، زندگی ساکنان هم مختل خواهد شد. از این رو یک شرکت معتبر آسانسور با جدیت و سرعت عمل بسیاری سعی در ارائه خدمات به منظور رفع هر چه سریع تر مشکل می کند.
- قیمت مناسب و منطقی خدمات
بهترین شرکت آسانسور در کرج، شرکتی است که هزینه های منطقی و مناسبی را بابت تولید محصولات و ارائه خدمات از کارفرمایان دریافت می کند. این شرکت کوشش می کند تا با صرفه جویی هر چه بیشتر در منابع و سرمایه ها، نهایت بهره وری را داشته باشد تا محصول نهایی و خدمات با هزینه مناسب و مقرون به صرفه ای به کارفرمایان ارائه شود. زیرا این شرکت سرمایه اصلی خود را اعتماد و رضایت مشتریان خود می داند و در تمام مراحل همکاری سعی در کسب رضایت و حفظ اعتماد آن ها می کند.
بهترین شرکت ها و برندهای آسانسور در جهان
بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران و در جهان، شرکتی است که آسانسورهایی ایمن و با کیفیت و همچنین دارای طول عمر بالا تولید کند.
همانطور که همه ما میدانیم امروزه آسانسور ها جزء مهمترین و ضروری ترین وسایل و اجزاء ساختمان ها محسوب می شوند. و ما در اکثر ساختمان های مسکونی، تجاری، و اداری یکی از انواع آسانسورها را می بینیم.
آسانسورها با توجه به نوع کاربرد به انواع مختلفی تقسیم می شوند که شرکت های آسانسور سازی آنها را تولید می کنند.
اکنون می خواهیم به بررسی تعدادی از بهترین شرکتها و برندهای آسانسور جهان بپردازیم:
- Otis (اوتیس): این شرکت بهترین شرکت آسانسور در جهان است که بالاترین درآمد را نیز در میان شرکت های سازنده آسانسور دارد.
این شرکت تولید کننده آسانسور از قدیمی ترین شرکت ها در این زمینه می باشد همچنین سهامداران، کارمندان و کارکنان این شرکت شامل ملیت های مختلف هستند.
آسانسورهای استفاده شده در برج های معروف جهان مانند برج ایفل، برج خلیفه و برخی دیگر از این برج ها توسط همین کمپانی تولید شده است. و شاید این یکی از عوامل معروفیت این برند در سطح جهان باشد.
- Mitsubishi Electric (میتسوبیشی الکتریک): نام برند میتسوبیشی بارها به گوش همه ما خورده است.
این شرکت تولیدی آسانسور در رده دوم بهترین شرکت آسانسور سازی جهان قرار دارد که از زیر مجموعه های گروه میتسوبیشی است.
دلیل معروفیت و محبوبیت این کمپانی، سرعت آنها در سرویس دهی آسانسور است. همچنین رکورد ساخت سریعترین آسانسور نیز به این شرکت تعلق دارد.
- Schindler (شیندلر): این شرکت نیز یکی از قدیمی ترین شرکت های تولید کننده آسانسور است. همچنین این کمپانی در رده سوم بهترین شرکت آسانسور سازی جهان قرار دارد که در سوئیس تاسیس شد.
در 1000 نقطه مختلف جهان شعبه تولیدی یا دفتر فروش دارد به همین خاطر از بزرگترین شرکت های تولید کننده آسانسور نیز محسوب می شود.
- Kone (کونه): این شرکت یک شرکت تولید، سرویس و تعمیر آسانسور در فنلاند است.
این کمپانی چند شرکت دیگر تولید کننده آسانسور در سطح جهان را نیز اداره می کند.
- ThyssenKrupp (تیسن کروپ): این شرکت از شرکت های بزرگ تولید کننده آسانسور و انواع پله برقی است.
این کمپانی با اینکه سالهای زیادی از تاسیس آن نمی گذرد اما بهترین شرکت آسانسور محسوب می شود.
- Fujitec (فوجی تک): اولین بخش تولیدی این شرکت در ژاپن افتتاح شد اما پس از آن شعبه های دیگری نیز در شهر ها و کشورهای مختلف تاسیس کردند.
پس از کمپانی میتسوبیشی رکورد بزرگترین شرکت تولید آسانسور متعلق به فوجی تک است.
- Dover (داور): این شرکت نیز از قدیمی ترین شرکت های تولید آسانسور بود که اکنون با نام Lifts Rotary به فعالیت خود ادامه می دهد. و دفتر مرکزی آن در ایالات متحده آمریکا است.
- Hitachi (هیتاچی): رکورد نصب اولین آسانسور در بلندترین برج جهان متعلق به این شرکت می باشد.
این کمپانی دارای شعبه های متعددی در سراسر جهان است.
- Sigma (سیگما): نام اولیه این کمپانی تولید آسانسور گلداستار بود که پس از آن تغییر نام داد و اکنون با نام سیگما به فعالیت خود ادامه میدهد. و در حال حاضر از زیر مجموعه های شرکت اوتیس یعنی بهترین شرکت آسانسور جهان می باشد.
- Express Lift (اکسی پرس لیفت): این شرکت نیز از قدیمی ترین شرکت های سازنده آسانسور است و از زیر مجموعه های شرکت اوتیس می باشد.
بهترین برند آسانسور در ایران
در ایران شرکت های مختلفی در زمینه آسانسور فعالیت دارند، برخی از آنها در زمینه تولید قطعات، برخی در زمینه واردات آسانسور و برخی دیگر نیز در زمینه نصب و سرویس آسانسور فعالیت دارند.
اینکه بتوان از میان تمام شرکت های تخصصی آسانسور که در ایران فعالیت می کنند، چند نام را به عنوان بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران معرفی کرد کار دشواری است.
زیرا شرکت های ایرانی مانند کمپانی های بزرگ جهان که در بالا به تعدادی از آنها اشاره شد نیستند. به همین دلیل ممکن است هر فردی از خدمات یک شرکت آسانسور در ایران رضایت داشته باشد و آن را بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران بداند.
شرکت آسانسور و پله برقی هیرو جزو بهترین شرکت آسانسور در ایران محسوب می شود.
این شرکت با ارائه خدمات در زمینه سرویس و نگهداری انواع آسانسور در رده شرکت های برتر آسانسور در ایران قرار گرفته است.
انواع آسانسور بر حسب عملکرد
برای شناخت قطعات بکار رفته در آسانسور ها ابتدا باید نوع آن را بشناسیم بنابراین در این بخش به بررسی انواع آسانسور خواهیم پرداخت.
آسانسورها بر حسب نوع عملکردی که دارند به 4 گروه عمده تقسیم می شوند:
- آسانسور کششی:
عملکرد این نوع آسانسور شبیه به آتوود می باشد.
نحوه عملکرد آن به این صورت است که؛ کابین آسانسور به یک سر سیم بکسل وصل می شود و وزنه ای متناسب با آن نیز بر سر دیگر سیم بکسل وصل می شود، و محور سیم بکسل بر روی فلکه قرار می گیرد.
در هنگام استفاده از آسانسور، موتور کابین را طبق فرمان وارد شده به حرکت در می آورد.
دلیل استفاده از وزنه در سر دیگر سیم بکسل، کاهش میزان فشاری است که به موتور وارد می شود.
جرم وزنه باید با جرم کابین و میزان ظرفیتی که برای آن در نظر گرفته شده است برابر باشد، این امر به سرعت و سهولت عملکرد آسانسور کمک می کند.
این نوع آسانسور از یک موتور الکتریکی پمپ روغن و یک جک هیدرولیک تشکیل شده است، به هنگام وارد کردن فرمان جک آزاد شده و باعث حرکت آسانسور می شود.
جک نیز نیروی حرکت خود را از موتور غوطه ور در روغن بدست می آورد، همراه موتور این نوع آسانسور یک شیر پاوریونیت وجود دارد که در هنگام حرکت رو به پایین این شیر باز می شود.
همانطور که گفته شد یکی از مهمترین اجزاء تشکیل دهنده این نوع آسانسورها جک هیدرولیک است، که به هنگام حرکت رو به بالا این جک آزاد شده و کابین را به سمت بالا حرکت می دهد. به همین دلیل این نوع آسانسور قابلیت استفاده در ساختمان های مرتفع با طبقات زیاد را ندارد.
- آسانسور مغناطیسی:
عملکرد این آسانسور دقیقا شبیه به عملکرد آهن ربا است.
در هنگام نصب این مدل بر روی دیواره ها و کف چاه تعدادی آهنربا قرار می دهند، پس از دادن فرمان به آسانسور در میان این آهن ربا ها یک میدان مغناطیسی ایجاد می شود که باعث می شود کابین حرکت کند.
از مزیت های این مدل می توان به عدم نیاز به موتور و کابل اشاره کرد، همچنین امنیت بالای آن که از نبود کابل نشات گرفته است.
- آسانسور پیچی:
این نوع آسانسور نیز ایمنی بالایی دارد. زیرا این مدل هم کابل ندارد بلکه موتور آن توسط یک پیچ و مهره عمل می کند.
موتور این نوع آسانسور بر روی بدنه آن نصب می شود و این یک مزیت است زیرا دیگر نیازی به موتورخانه ندارد.
همچنین ظرفیت آنها را بر حسب ابعاد کابین محاسبه می کنند و مانند سایر آسانسور ها بر حسب کیلوگرم محاسبه نمی شود؛ به بیان دیگر آسانسورهای پیچی عملا هیچ محدودیت ظرفیتی ندارند.
. آسانسور پنوماتیک:
این مدل آسانسور ها همان آسانسورهایی هستند که کابین آنها در داخل خانه نصب می شود و معمولا برای خانه های دوبلکس از این مدل استفاده می شود.
همچنین موتور این مدل نیز مانند مدل قبلی بر روی بدنه کابین نصب می
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method, named the ‘mast cell knock-in’
approach, has been extensively used over the past 30 years to assess the functions of MCs and MC-derived products in vivo
. We discuss the advantages and limitations of this method, in light of alternative approaches that have been developed in recent years.
Immunology, Issue 99, c-kit, stem cell factor, FcεRI, immunoglobulin E, mouse model, adoptive transfer, immunology, allergy
A Mouse Model for Pathogen-induced Chronic Inflammation at Local and Systemic Sites
Institutions: Boston University School of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine.
Chronic inflammation is a major driver of pathological tissue damage and a unifying characteristic of many chronic diseases in humans including neoplastic, autoimmune, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Emerging evidence implicates pathogen-induced chronic inflammation in the development and progression of chronic diseases with a wide variety of clinical manifestations. Due to the complex and multifactorial etiology of chronic disease, designing experiments for proof of causality and the establishment of mechanistic links is nearly impossible in humans. An advantage of using animal models is that both genetic and environmental factors that may influence the course of a particular disease can be controlled. Thus, designing relevant animal models of infection represents a key step in identifying host and pathogen specific mechanisms that contribute to chronic inflammation.
Here we describe a mouse model of pathogen-induced chronic inflammation at local and systemic sites following infection with the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis
, a bacterium closely associated with human periodontal disease. Oral infection of specific-pathogen free mice induces a local inflammatory response resulting in destruction of tooth supporting alveolar bone, a hallmark of periodontal disease. In an established mouse model of atherosclerosis, infection with P. gingivalis
accelerates inflammatory plaque deposition within the aortic sinus and innominate artery, accompanied by activation of the vascular endothelium, an increased immune cell infiltrate, and elevated expression of inflammatory mediators within lesions. We detail methodologies for the assessment of inflammation at local and systemic sites. The use of transgenic mice and defined bacterial mutants makes this model particularly suitable for identifying both host and microbial factors involved in the initiation, progression, and outcome of disease. Additionally, the model can be used to screen for novel therapeutic strategies, including vaccination and pharmacological intervention.
Immunology, Issue 90,
Pathogen-Induced Chronic Inflammation; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Oral Bone Loss; Periodontal Disease; Atherosclerosis; Chronic Inflammation; Host-Pathogen Interaction; microCT; MRI
Assessing the Development of Murine Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Peyer's Patches Using Adoptive Transfer of Hematopoietic Progenitors
Institutions: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences.
This protocol details a method to analyze the ability of purified hematopoietic progenitors to generate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in intestinal Peyer's patch (PP). Common dendritic cell progenitors (CDPs, lin-
) were purified from the bone marrow of C57BL6 mice by FACS and transferred to recipient mice that lack a significant pDC population in PP; in this case, Ifnar-/-
mice were used as the transfer recipients. In some mice, overexpression of the dendritic cell growth factor Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) was enforced prior to adoptive transfer of CDPs, using hydrodynamic gene transfer (HGT) of Flt3L-encoding plasmid. Flt3L overexpression expands DC populations originating from transferred (or endogenous) hematopoietic progenitors. At 7-10 days after progenitor transfer, pDCs that arise from the adoptively transferred progenitors were distinguished from recipient cells on the basis of CD45 marker expression, with pDCs from transferred CDPs being CD45.1+
and recipients being CD45.2+
. The ability of transferred CDPs to contribute to the pDC population in PP and to respond to Flt3L was evaluated by flow cytometry of PP single cell suspensions from recipient mice. This method may be used to test whether other progenitor populations are capable of generating PP pDCs. In addition, this approach could be used to examine the role of factors that are predicted to affect pDC development in PP, by transferring progenitor subsets with an appropriate knockdown, knockout or overexpression of the putative developmental factor and/or by manipulating circulating cytokines via HGT. This method may also allow analysis of how PP pDCs affect the frequency or function of other immune subsets in PPs. A unique feature of this method is the use of Ifnar-/-
mice, which show severely depleted PP pDCs relative to wild type animals, thus allowing reconstitution of PP pDCs in the absence of confounding effects from lethal irradiation.
Immunology, Issue 85, hematopoiesis, dendritic cells, Peyer's patch, cytokines, adoptive transfer
Identifying DNA Mutations in Purified Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Institutions: UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, UT Health Science Center at San Antonio.
In recent years, it has become apparent that genomic instability is tightly related to many developmental disorders, cancers, and aging. Given that stem cells are responsible for ensuring tissue homeostasis and repair throughout life, it is reasonable to hypothesize that the stem cell population is critical for preserving genomic integrity of tissues. Therefore, significant interest has arisen in assessing the impact of endogenous and environmental factors on genomic integrity in stem cells and their progeny, aiming to understand the etiology of stem-cell based diseases.
transgenic mice carry a recoverable λ phage vector encoding the LacI
reporter system, in which the LacI
gene serves as the mutation reporter. The result of a mutated LacI
gene is the production of β-galactosidase that cleaves a chromogenic substrate, turning it blue. The LacI
reporter system is carried in all cells, including stem/progenitor cells and can easily be recovered and used to subsequently infect E. coli
. After incubating infected E. coli
on agarose that contains the correct substrate, plaques can be scored; blue plaques indicate a mutant LacI
gene, while clear plaques harbor wild-type. The frequency of blue (among clear) plaques indicates the mutant frequency in the original cell population the DNA was extracted from. Sequencing the mutant LacI
gene will show the location of the mutations in the gene and the type of mutation.
transgenic mouse model is well-established as an in vivo
mutagenesis assay. Moreover, the mice and the reagents for the assay are commercially available. Here we describe in detail how this model can be adapted to measure the frequency of spontaneously occurring DNA mutants in stem cell-enriched Lin-
(LSK) cells and other subpopulations of the hematopoietic system.
Infection, Issue 84, In vivo mutagenesis, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, LacI mouse model, DNA mutations, E. coli
Generation of Bone Marrow Derived Murine Dendritic Cells for Use in 2-photon Imaging
Institutions: University of California, Irvine (UCI), University of California, Irvine (UCI).
Several methods for the preparation of murine dendritic cells can be found in the literature. Here, we present a method that produces greater than 85% CD11c high dendritic cells in culture that home to the draining lymph node after subcutaneous injection and present antigen to antigen specific T cells (see video). Additionally, we use Essen Instruments Incucyte to track dendritic cell maturation, where, at day 10, the morphology of the cultured cells is typical of a mature dendritic cell and <85% of cells are CD11chigh. The study of antigen presentation in peripheral lymph nodes by 2-photon imaging revealed that there are three distinct phases of dendritic cell and T cell interaction1, 2
. Phase I consists of brief serial contacts between highly motile antigen specific T cells and antigen carrying dendritic cells1, 2
. Phase two is marked by prolonged contacts between antigen-specific T cell and antigen bearing dendritic cells1, 2
. Finally, phase III is characterized by T cells detaching from dendritic cells, regaining motility and beginning to divide1, 2
. This is one example of the type of antigen-specific interactions that can be analyzed by two-photon imaging of antigen-loaded cell tracker dye-labeled dendritic cells.
Immunology, Issue 17, dendritic cells, mouse, bone marrow, 2-photon imaging, cell culture
The Preparation of Primary Hematopoietic Cell Cultures From Murine Bone Marrow for Electroporation
Institutions: Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
It is becoming increasingly apparent that electroporation is the most effective way to introduce plasmid DNA or siRNA into primary cells. The Gene Pulser MXcell electroporation system and Gene Pulser electroporation buffer were specifically developed to transfect nucleic acids into mammalian cells and difficult-to-transfect cells, such as primary and stem cells.This video demonstrates how to establish primary hematopoietic cell cultures from murine bone marrow, and then prepare them for electroporation in the MXcell system. We begin by isolating femur and tibia. Bone marrow from both femur and tibia are then harvested and cultures are established. Cultured bone marrow cells are then transfected and analyzed.
Immunology, Issue 23, Primary Hematopoietic Cell Culture, Bone Marrow, Transfection, Electroporation, BioRad, IL-3
Peptides from Phage Display Library Modulate Gene Expression in Mesenchymal Cells and Potentiate Osteogenesis in Unicortical Bone Defects
Institutions: University of Virginia, University of Delaware, University of Virginia.
Two novel synthetic peptides accelerate bone formation and can be delivered using a collagen matrix. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on bone repair in a unicortical defect model. Treatment of mesenchymal cells produced an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity, showed nodule formation by the cells, and increased the expression of genes for runx2, osterix, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. A collagen sponge soaked with peptide promoted repair of bone defects, whereas the control was less effective. The results from this study demonstrated that mesenchymal cells treated with peptide in vitro
differentiate towards osteogenesis, and, that peptides delivered in vivo
using a collagen sponge promote the repair of unicortical defects.
Cellular Biology, Issue 46, osteogenesis, peptide, bone repair, anabolic effect
Use of Human Perivascular Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration
Institutions: School of Dentistry, UCLA, UCLA, UCLA, University of Edinburgh .
Human perivascular stem cells (PSCs) can be isolated in sufficient numbers from multiple tissues for purposes of skeletal tissue engineering1-3
. PSCs are a FACS-sorted population of 'pericytes' (CD146+CD34-CD45-) and 'adventitial cells' (CD146-CD34+CD45-), each of which we have previously reported to have properties of mesenchymal stem cells. PSCs, like MSCs, are able to undergo osteogenic differentiation, as well as secrete pro-osteogenic cytokines1,2
. In the present protocol, we demonstrate the osteogenicity of PSCs in several animal models including a muscle pouch implantation in SCID (severe combined immunodeficient) mice, a SCID mouse calvarial defect and a femoral segmental defect (FSD) in athymic rats. The thigh muscle pouch model is used to assess ectopic bone formation. Calvarial defects are centered on the parietal bone and are standardly 4 mm in diameter (critically sized)8
. FSDs are bicortical and are stabilized with a polyethylene bar and K-wires4
. The FSD described is also a critical size defect, which does not significantly heal on its own4
. In contrast, if stem cells or growth factors are added to the defect site, significant bone regeneration can be appreciated. The overall goal of PSC xenografting is to demonstrate the osteogenic capability of this cell type in both ectopic and orthotopic bone regeneration models.
Bioengineering, Issue 63, Biomedical Engineering, Stem Cell Biology, Pericyte, Stem Cell, Bone Defect, Tissue Engineering, Osteogenesis, femoral defect, calvarial defect
Creating Rigidly Stabilized Fractures for Assessing Intramembranous Ossification, Distraction Osteogenesis, or Healing of Critical Sized Defects
Institutions: University of California, San Francisco .
Assessing modes of skeletal repair is essential for developing therapies to be used clinically to treat fractures. Mechanical stability plays a large role in healing of bone injuries. In the worst-case scenario mechanical instability can lead to delayed or non-union in humans. However, motion can also stimulate the healing process. In fractures that have motion cartilage forms to stabilize the fracture bone ends, and this cartilage is gradually replaced by bone through recapitulation of the developmental process of endochondral ossification. In contrast, if a bone fracture is rigidly stabilized bone forms directly via intramembranous ossification. Clinically, both endochondral and intramembranous ossification occur simultaneously. To effectively replicate this process investigators insert a pin into the medullary canal of the fractured bone as described by Bonnarens4
. This experimental method provides excellent lateral stability while allowing rotational instability to persist. However, our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate these two distinct processes can also be enhanced by experimentally isolating each of these processes. We have developed a stabilization protocol that provides rotational and lateral stabilization. In this model, intramembranous ossification is the only mode of healing that is observed, and healing parameters can be compared among different strains of genetically modified mice 5-7
, after application of bioactive molecules 8,9
, after altering physiological parameters of healing 10
, after modifying the amount or time of stabilization 11
, after distraction osteogenesis 12
, after creation of a non-union 13
, or after creation of a critical sized defect. Here, we illustrate how to apply the modified Ilizarov fixators for studying tibial fracture healing and distraction osteogenesis in mice.
Medicine, Issue 62, Bone fracture, intramembranous ossification, distraction osteogenesis, bone healing
Differentiating Functional Roles of Gene Expression from Immune and Non-immune Cells in Mouse Colitis by Bone Marrow Transplantation
Institutions: The University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
To understand the role of a gene in the development of colitis, we compared the responses of wild-type mice and gene-of-interest deficient knockout mice to colitis. If the gene-of-interest is expressed in both bone marrow derived cells and non-bone marrow derived cells of the host; however, it is possible to differentiate the role of a gene of interest in bone marrow derived cells and non- bone marrow derived cells by bone marrow transplantation technique. To change the bone marrow derived cell genotype of mice, the original bone marrow of recipient mice were destroyed by irradiation and then replaced by new donor bone marrow of different genotype. When wild-type mice donor bone marrow was transplanted to knockout mice, we could generate knockout mice with wild-type gene expression in bone marrow derived cells. Alternatively, when knockout mice donor bone marrow was transplanted to wild-type recipient mice, wild-type mice without gene-of-interest expressing from bone marrow derived cells were produced. However, bone marrow transplantation may not be 100% complete. Therefore, we utilized cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules (CD45.1 and CD45.2) as markers of donor and recipient cells to track the proportion of donor bone marrow derived cells in recipient mice and success of bone marrow transplantation. Wild-type mice with CD45.1 genotype and knockout mice with CD45.2 genotype were used. After irradiation of recipient mice, the donor bone marrow cells of different genotypes were infused into the recipient mice. When the new bone marrow regenerated to take over its immunity, the mice were challenged by chemical agent (dextran sodium sulfate, DSS 5%) to induce colitis. Here we also showed the method to induce colitis in mice and evaluate the role of the gene of interest expressed from bone-marrow derived cells. If the gene-of-interest from the bone derived cells plays an important role in the development of the disease (such as colitis), the phenotype of the recipient mice with bone marrow transplantation can be significantly altered. At the end of colitis experiments, the bone marrow derived cells in blood and bone marrow were labeled with antibodies against CD45.1 and CD45.2 and their quantitative ratio of existence could be used to evaluate the success of bone marrow transplantation by flow cytometry. Successful bone marrow transplantation should show a vast majority of donor genotype (in term of CD molecule marker) over recipient genotype in both the bone marrow and blood of recipient mice.
Immunology, Issue 68, Genetics, Cellular Biology, Physiology, Bone marrow transplantation, colitis, mice, irradiation
Investigation of Macrophage Polarization Using Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages
Institutions: Texas A&M University, Texas A&M University, Texas A&M University.
The article describes a readily easy adaptive in vitro model to investigate macrophage polarization. In the presence of GM-CSF/M-CSF, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from the bone marrow are directed into monocytic differentiation, followed by M1 or M2 stimulation. The activation status can be tracked by changes in cell surface antigens, gene expression and cell signaling pathways.
Immunology, Issue 76, Cellular Biology, Molecular Biology, Medicine, Genetics, Biomedical Engineering, biology (general), genetics (animal and plant), immunology, life sciences, Life Sciences (General), macrophage polarization, bone marrow derived macrophage, flow cytometry, PCR, animal model
Isolation, Purification and Labeling of Mouse Bone Marrow Neutrophils for Functional Studies and Adoptive Transfer Experiments
Institutions: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH.
Neutrophils are critical effector cells of the innate immune system. They are rapidly recruited at sites of acute inflammation and exert protective or pathogenic effects depending on the inflammatory milieu. Nonetheless, despite the indispensable role of neutrophils in immunity, detailed understanding of the molecular factors that mediate neutrophils' effector and immunopathogenic effects in different infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions is still lacking, partly because of their short half life, the difficulties with handling of these cells and the lack of reliable experimental protocols for obtaining sufficient numbers of neutrophils for downstream functional studies and adoptive transfer experiments. Therefore, simple, fast, economical and reliable methods are highly desirable for harvesting sufficient numbers of mouse neutrophils for assessing functions such as phagocytosis, killing, cytokine production, degranulation and trafficking. To that end, we present a reproducible density gradient centrifugation-based protocol, which can be adapted in any laboratory to isolate large numbers of neutrophils from the bone marrow of mice with high purity and viability. Moreover, we present a simple protocol that uses CellTracker dyes to label the isolated neutrophils, which can then be adoptively transferred into recipient mice and tracked in several tissues for at least 4 hr post-transfer using flow cytometry. Using this approach, differential labeling of neutrophils from wild-type and gene-deficient mice with different CellTracker dyes can be successfully employed to perform competitive repopulation studies for evaluating the direct role of specific genes in trafficking of neutrophils from the blood into target tissues in vivo
Immunology, Issue 77, Cellular Biology, Infection, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology, Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, Neutrophils, Adoptive Transfer, immunology, Neutrophils, mouse, bone marrow, adoptive transfer, density gradient, labeling, CellTracker
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�盖下找到了一个庇护所，放在口袋里的怀表由此诞生，正是这种观念使日内瓦在钟表制造业界成为世间翘楚。由于怀表在口袋中一成不变的姿势，地心引力对擒纵机构的影响很大，为了改变方位差对摆轮摆幅的不良影响、规律走时，对传统擒纵机构的改革势在必行。机械钟表发展到19 世纪，一颗嵌于机芯内部堪称瑰宝的装置——陀飞轮诞生了。匀速运动的陀飞轮形同摆轮的保护罩，抵消掉由地心引力造成的来自各方的作用力，令游丝弹跳更趋同心性，从而规范发条动力的释放，令走时更为精确。但毕竟陀飞轮身形较大，若不能精确地控制它的质量体积比，反而给擒纵机构增添了负担。众所周知，在制表界用到的计量单位非常渺小，精至毫厘。来自La Côte aux Fées 的Piaget 伯爵工匠将手工完成的陀飞轮装置精简到42 个组件，比常规陀飞轮减少了1/3，由此陀飞轮的重量也被控制在超轻的0.2 克——真正轻如鸿毛。Teen pregnancy is on the rise, and the issue has even hit the top of the political ladder as a point of debate in the presidential campaign.
But the problem is not new. Seeing that teen pregnancy was increasing even in the late 1980s, the Lake County Health Department began trying to cope by rolling out education programs in areas where the teen pregnancy rate is high. Since then, the programs have been presented to smaller groups of youths and offered to them at an earlier age.
Here is the problem: Birth rates increased 21.6 percent among 15- to 17-year-olds from 1990 through 1994 among girls in the department's target areas of North Chicago, Round Lake Beach, Waukegan and Zion, where there is a high percentage of births to teens. (In the previous period, 1985-89, reporting was done differently, with the category ranging from 15- through 19-year-olds, but the rate still increased 16.2 percent. )
Considering that many of those young mothers will need public money for support, teen pregnancy is a problem of growing urgency for all states, including Illinois, which reports that it has 9,000 teen mothers 18 or younger who are receiving public aid.
Originally the health department tried to teach teen girls how to be effective mothers. Now there is increasing emphasis on teaching them and teen boys how not to become parents in the first place. Looking Ahead for girls and Smart Moves for boys are intended to teach young people how to develop positive convictions and to give them the strength to stand by them.
"Kids nowadays have more sexual partners than in the old days (such as the 1960s), and they start earlier," said Pat Garrity, a social worker with the health department, who explained that junior high students are at risk. "They have less regard for their bodies and what can happen to them. They have an inordinate amount of time alone (particularly in single-parent households where children are left unsupervised during work hours). Sex usually happens at home, either at the boyfriend's house or the girl's house."
Garrity explained that the prime defense against pregnancy for these youngsters is to instill in them a sense of self-worth, pride and hope for a future with definite goals.
The objective of Looking Ahead and Smart Moves--which reached about 750 students during the 1995-96 school year--is to provide tips to guide students through the time of transition from junior high to high school, discussing obstacles to success and promoting positive behavior that will help them achieve goals.
Smart Moves, for 8th-grade boys, began in 1987, when the health department started to focus on the boys' roles in family-life education.
Reggie Gaines, a Smart Moves group leader, said, "Some of the boys selected by teachers to participate may be considered high risk, but others might be leaders who can influence others. The group usually stays together for five basic sessions. . . . The boys take a pre-test to assess what they think they know about sex. It's sort of a `getting to know themselves' session. Discussion focuses on who they are and what the group is all about. They compare street talk or straight talk, or myths vs. fact.
"The first session is the hardest part because the kids are hesitant," Gaines explained. "Some think they're in trouble and that I'm a policeman or probation officer. We try to break the barriers."
Gaines takes the 8th graders to visit the high schools they will be attending. To help them feel more comfortable there, he introduces them to high school boys who will serve as mentors.
Before they leave the group, the boys take a post-test to see what they learned. "My goal is to educate them in a way they ordinarily wouldn't get from their regular classes or their family," Gaines said. "A lot of the boys are from one-parent homes, where there's no father figure. I want to make sure they get the correct information instead of what they might hear hanging out with their friends."
Once they get into high school, Smart Moves group leaders regularly meet with the freshman and sophomore boys who were involved in the program as 8th graders. "We serve as resource people and help them become aware of community resources," which include health and social service programs as well as academic tutoring, Gaines said.
When Rayhan Ahmed, a 9th grader at Waukegan High School in the '95-'96 school year, was in 8th grade, he wrote how Smart Moves helped him. "When I'm at home, I try to do something good, so when I go back to our Smart Moves class, I can tell Mr. Gaines about what positive thing I did, and then he'll tell you, `That was very good,' or, `Nice job.' And then he tells us, `Try not to get in trouble.' In that class, I can talk to him about anything. He will take it seriously when I'm talking about sex, gangs, family problems or other stuff. I feel, in that class, I can talk about whatever I want, and he'll help me out on that problem."Editorial: Sunshine benefits
Government is nothing if not records. In Florida, it starts with the state constitution.
The constitution establishes the three branches of state government — legislative, executive and judicial — and lays out their roles and restrictions.
Famously, in Florida, records are assumed to be open, although there are exceptions.
Consider in scant outline the passage of a law and the records such an action produces:
A state representative or, for this example, a state senator files a bill. The filing creates a record. The bill is typed in a format spelled out by Senate rules. The rules are a record on their own.
The bill is referred to committee, creating a record. Staff and other reports create more records. Amendments, votes on the amendments and votes on the bill must be recorded.
When the bill moves to the Senate floor, more amendments and votes create additional records.
Coordination with the House — more records.
The bill's passage creates a record to be sent to the governor. His signature creates yet another record.
Two branches of government have been involved so far. A challenge of the law in court could bring in the third branch, with the likelihood of many more records.
Indeed, without the records created during every step of passing the law, a person, company or organization would not be able to set in motion judicial checks and balances, as specified in the constitution.
One of the difficulties of protecting public records from exemptions that lock them away is legislators' assumptions that efforts to keep records open primarily benefit news organizations, says Barbara Petersen, president of the Tallahassee-based First Amendment Foundation, which is recognized as the non-governmental expert and champion of open government in Florida.
“When I'm up talking to legislators or when I'm talking to groups of people, everybody always says, ‘Well, this is a media issue,' ” Peterson said. “It's very hard to dissuade them of that notion, despite statistics that show, for example, that corporations and small businesses make more public records requests than do citizens and the media combined.”
Thus, the need for openness applies to all.
To demonstrate and explain the broad need by Floridians for open government, Petersen and the foundation plan a Sunshine Symposium on March 16 at St. Petersburg College.
This important-and-fundamental effort will focus on four principles for state government to embrace on behalf of Florida residents:
* The right to speak at public meetings.
* Enforcement. “There is no agency tasked with enforcing the constitutional right of access to meetings and records,” Petersen said.
* Reasonable fees. “When I was on the Governor's Commission on Open Government Reform, we had a woman testify that she had the choice of either paying her mortgage or paying for the public records she had requested,” Petersen said. “We shouldn't have to be making those choices.”
* Transparency: a view into finances of the state government. In short, “access to the state checkbook,” Petersen said, so the public can see how state money is being spent.
In a government of the people, by the people and for the people, the proceedings and records of the government belong to the people. This, Florida's government should make certain.تیم ملی والیبال ایران فردا شب از طریق دوبی، راهی ژاپن می شود تا چند روز قبل از رقابت های جام بین قاره ای در این کشور حضور داشته باشد.
همچنین یک بازی تدارکاتی میان تیم ملی ایران و این تیم ژاپنی برگزار می شود؛ سپس شاگردان کولاکوویچ در کمپ مسابقات مستقر می شوند.La 34ma edizione della Coppa d'Africa non si svolgerà, come inizialmente previsto, nella prossima estate del 2023, il torneo internazionale del continente africano slitterà al prossimo gennaio 2024, in linea con le edizioni precedenti. La decisione è stata ufficializzata dal presidente della Caf, Patrice Motsepe, nelle scorse ore: alla base della scelta operata, ovviamente, la vicinanza che il torneo avrebbe avuto con il Mondiale che si disputerà in inverno in Qatar.
Una notizia che interessa anche il Napoli di Luciano Spalletti, che perderebbe nuovamente i calciatori africani in rosa - al momento Ounas, Osimhen, Anguissa e il campione in carica Kalidou Koulibaly - nel gennaio del 2024 ma almeno non li costringerebbe agli straordinari al termine dell'annata che sta per cominciare. «Le date ufficiali saranno comunicate prossimamente», ha fatto sapere Motsepe, la prossima Coppa d'Africa 2024 si giocherà sempre in Costa d'Avorio, come inizialmente previsto.useful and harmful substances
Harmful substances in the environment are called?
What are some examples of useful and harmful effects of mixture and substances on health and environment? Mixtures and substances such as pesticide runoff can pollutestreams and water. These same substance help crops be moreproductive, but they also pose serious health problems.
10 Harmful Chemicals to Avoid - Parents
· Many chemicals today are known or suspected to be links to cancer, early puberty, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity, autism, and other serious health issues.
Useful and harmful drugs, article by moiz21
This article is about useful and harmful drugsDrugs are substances that can change the way the body behaves when they are taken into the body.For example,coffee and tea contain the drug caffeine.c.... Read the article free on Booksie.
Poisons & Harmful Substances | East Side Fire Department
Poisons & Harmful Substances; Harmful Substances. Each year thousands of people become injured or ill due to the effects of an unintentional harmful substance exposure. This ... Harmful substances are defined as chemicals, products and plants that threaten the safety of …
Useful And Harmful Materials PPT | Xpowerpoint
Chapter One: Harmful and useful chemicals in the environment PPT. Presentation Summary : Chapter One: Harmful and useful chemicals in the environment. ... dissolved and undissolved materials from kitchen, ... Harmful and useful chemicals in the.
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Useful And Harmful Materials. Showing top 8 worksheets in the category - Useful And Harmful Materials. Some of the worksheets displayed are Lesson the hazards of common chemicals grade 2, Medicines and drugs whats helpful whats harmful, X insects harmful or helpful, The properties of materials and their everyday uses, Chemical and hazardous materials safety, …
pesticides: useful and harmful effects | HubPages
A pesticide is a substance or combination of different substance whose sole purpose is to prevent, destroy or control the pests.The term pesticide, in broad terms, can also include herbicides (inhibits the growth and reproduction of some harmful plants), insecticides( prevent growth of insects) and fungicides (inhibits the growth of mildews, yeasts, and molds).
What is Bleach? And Why is it Dangerous? - Sustainable ...
Although bleach comes from a natural source, the process it undergoes radically changes the substance into something far more harmful to humans and the environment, as I'll show below. It's not what we're looking for in a sustainable conversation.
Toxic Chemicals in Products — Workgroup for Safe Markets
Hazardous hundred chemicals The Hazardous 100 + List of Chemicals of High Concern is a small subset of hazardous chemicals linked to known health problems. Unfortunately, consumers cannot simply shop our way around these chemicals.
What harmful substances are in alcohol ers.com
Alcohol is a very useful chemical, used in many processes. ... Alcohol is not a harmful substance unless it is abused. When consumed in moderation it is associated with better health and greater longevity than abstaining from alcohol. Share to: Answered. In Tobacco and Tobacco Products.
What are 5 harmful substances
What are the harmful substances in cigarette smoke and why? Nicotine is one, and it is the one that causes addiction. The other is carbon monoxide which binds 40 …
Canned Foods Not Containing Harmful Substances - …
It is well known that canned food does not belong to the category of useful products, because they contain a lot of preservatives and other harmful substances that have a negative impact not only on the work of the stomach and intestines but also on other organs.
products: HELPFUL AND HARMFUL
Most chemicals are safe to use and are environmentally friendly, when used according to the directions on the package. However, some have a harmful cumulative effect on the environment when they are over-used or
What is the difference between useful and harmful drugs?
What is a drug and what are harmful and useful drugs? A drug is any substance that, when absorbed into the body, changes normal or abnormal bodily function. Drugs like Advil, Tylenol, or even prescription medications can be harm … ful or helpful.
Harmful drug use :: SA Health
Harmful drug use Many substances or drugs have intoxicating effects that lead to them being misused and causing harmful effects. Some substances are sold or manufactured illegally while some are produced legally, but used for unintended purposes.
Medicines and Drugs: What's Helpful, What's Harmful - …
This module focuses on drugs—powerful substances that can . change both the way the brain functions and how the brain communicates with the body. ... Other drugs may have a harmful effect on the body. The purpose of today's activity is for students to begin to understand how different drugs can affect the body. Learning Objectives
Examples of harmful substances ers.com
A substance can any material, solution, or mixture, such as water, salt, glue, or gunpowder. A pure substance is one that contains the same element or compound throughout … . Salt is a pure substance, but when added to water, it becomes a mixture.
CfE (Early) Medicines and Harmful Substances PowerPoint
Use this handy PowerPoint to discuss medicines and harmful substances with your Early Level pupils. ... (Early) Medicines and Harmful Substances PowerPoint (3 member reviews) Classic Collection Click for more information. ... Useful for teaching medicines and drugs as a PSCHE resource. pcgray, Apr 29th 2018
Substance Use During Pregnancy - UCSF Medical Center
Substance Use During Pregnancy. Tobacco, alcohol and drugs can have harmful effects on anyone's health. When a pregnant or nursing woman uses these substances, her baby also is exposed to them, for all substances cross the placenta through the umbilical cord and enter into the baby's bloodstream.
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Harmful substances - Health and Safety Executive
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这个世界的。我们常常觉得我们的罪平淡无奇，没什么大问题，最起码和歌蔑比起来，还没那么差，常常开玩笑说，不都是一个罪人嘛。这个世界也是觉得，我们人还是不错的，虽然会凡一些错，但是我们还是有优秀的地方的。但是，你知道吗？每一个罪都是要把我们从上帝那里分开，都是在悖逆他，因为我们犯罪的时候，是已经把某些东西看得比上帝和他的旨意更重要，更宝贵了。如同犯淫乱的歌蔑，如同拜偶像的以色列。所以，每一个罪，在某种程度上讲，就是没有把上帝当做唯一的上帝，就是偶像崇拜。上帝警告我们，“因这些事，神的忿怒必临到那悖逆之子。”（以弗所书5:6）所以，我们也是荒淫的，羞耻的，见不得人的。并且，如果说“我不知道罪，我没有罪的概念，我是无知的”，那么，在这里，其实没有任何借口。如同上帝所说的，何4:6 我的民因无知识而灭亡。你弃掉知识，我也必弃掉你。
上帝是忍耐的，但，祂又是公义的。对于那些不悔改的，罪所带来的结果，就展现出来。人种的是什么，收的就是什么。以色列人长年累月地拒绝他们这位属灵的丈夫–上帝，那么上帝允许亚述人的军队横扫这片土地，就像狮子活活撕裂它的猎物一样。上帝的子民沦为阶下囚，流散在各国。他们的国家不复存在。但，这也是上帝在对罪人们所展示的信实的爱。也许，当他们无法再在地上找到帮助者们，当他们什么都没有了，流散各国时，也许他们才会想起上帝，才会承认他们的罪，才会回转归向他，寻求医治。这个世界也是如此，有人说，目前是人最愿意去教会的时间，因为疫情几年人们已经被整的心力憔悴，对很多事情非常绝望，当人无法从别处寻求帮助的时候，总是倾向于去寻求上帝的帮助。何5:14 我必向以法莲如狮子，向犹大家如少壮狮子。我必撕裂而去，我要夺去，无人搭救。何5:15 我要回到原处，等他们自觉有罪，寻求我面，他们在急难的时候，必切切寻求我。
今天我们要分享的就是这个。他撕裂我们，也必医治。我们的罪，带来痛苦；但，上帝的恩典，带来医治
- 他撕裂我们—我们的罪，带来痛苦
“上帝撕裂我们”。这样的话在如今这个时代很少出现。今天，流行于不少人头脑中的上帝的形象是温柔的，没有脾气的，常常微笑，像一位慈祥的老人一样，会拍拍你的头或者肩膀，告诉你要努力，困难时要加油，有信心，生活就会越来越好的。这是很多人所理解的信仰，所理解的精神寄托，所理解的上帝的样子。但这不是上帝在圣经中描述他自己的样子。他是公义的上帝，他恨恶罪—-他像狮子一样，用那毫不客气的，痛苦的，但又十分必须的真理来撕裂我们，让罪袒露。上帝把属灵的，属世的痛苦加到罪上，目的是让我们远离罪，让我们看到我们内心深处的问题，让我们屈膝来到他面前，来悔改，来在他里面寻找答案。当大卫王与拔示巴犯了奸淫，谋杀了乌利亚，陷入罪的泥沼之中时，大卫的良心让他的生活痛苦不堪。诗32:3 我闭口不认罪的时候，因终日唉哼，而骨头枯干。罪，带来痛苦。
但是，我们不愿意看到我们的罪。我们拒绝把首要的问题关注在罪上，并且承认我们是有罪的。当痛苦进入到我们的生活中，就像以色列人遭受痛苦一样，我们的第一反应是什么呢？往往是责备其他人，找借口，把其他的人或事当做是麻烦发生的原因，我们轻描淡写，开玩笑一样地看待自己的罪。我们不喜欢去想到，我们的痛苦其实就像亚当的土地上长出的荆棘和蒺藜来，这是罪带来的结果，走在荆棘和蒺藜上，会舒服吗？上帝允许我们的生活中发生问题，是让我们远离与罪为伴的舒适的生活，这一切的发生是提醒我们罪有多么的恐怖，严重！他想让我们记住我们有多么的需要他的恩典，他的赦免！而且，我们最大的需要，不是说有一个舒服的，没有痛苦的生活，而是有一个能和上帝坚强关系的生活。上帝待我们，如同待孩子，不是为了我们安逸，而对于他所爱的他会管教。上帝对待这个世界，也不是赐予一个歌舞升平的生活，而是想让这个世界在末日的景象中人人悔改，转离所行的道而活。
上帝说，何5:15 我要回到原处，等他们自觉有罪，寻求我面，他们在急难的时候，必切切寻求我。紧接着，在下面，以色列人说，何6:1 来吧，我们归向耶和华。他撕裂我们，也必医治。他打伤我们，也必缠裹。这是多么美的对信仰的宣告！但是，当我们去接着读的时候，何6:4 主说，以法莲哪，我可向你怎样行呢？犹大阿，我可向你怎样做呢？因为你们的良善，如同早晨的云雾，又如速散的甘露。我们发现他们的话是好的，但心是假的。他们没有悔改。他们在说谎！这就如同犯淫乱时被捉拿的妻子，会不断地向丈夫说好话，让丈夫带回家，其实她心里没有悔改的意思，回家不久又出去再去找情人；如同以色列人去拜假神，同时在耶和华真神面前他们也献上祷告，献上礼物，只不过期待上帝让自己的日子过得更好罢了，之后又去拜假神；如同一个小孩子认为“爸爸/妈妈，我错了”是一句有魔力的话，可以帮他们逃避父母的惩罚，得到父母的帮助一样，其实，这个孩子心理却一点都不后悔，不觉得自己错了，一句“我错了”之后又坦坦荡荡地继续犯错误。
你和我，是多么容易把上帝的恩典当做是理所当然的啊！当上帝宣布他的律法时，他想用这个律法切开我们的心，撕裂我们，但是，我们太容易对这个没有反应，不放在心里了，因为我们把上帝的赦免当做是理所当然的。当我们讲到认罪时，上帝期待是一颗忧伤痛悔的心来寻求他的饶恕和平安，但是，我们太容易说这些认罪的话时大脑不经思考，而是只当做我们敬拜仪式中必须走的流程罢了，就像给自己一个自我安慰般的借口罢了。像以色列人一样，我们太容易让我们自己好像是站在上帝的那一边，太容易说正确的话，唱漂亮的赞美诗，做正确的献祭，完成这宗教流程的一部分，这样，在接下来的一个星期他会好好待我们！这和迷信拜假神有什么区别呢？！
饶恕我们，主啊，饶恕我们，因为我们没能看见我们最大的需要是在我们心里，不是在我们周围的生活中；饶恕我们，因为我们如此努力的想避免承认我们的痛苦。“父啊，我犯罪了，我得罪了你”；饶恕我们，因为我们想我们可以靠做什么而把你的祝福带到我们身上；饶恕我们，因为我们把敬拜当做是一个需要去完成的宗教仪式，而不是当做领受你的恩典，欢喜回应你所赐予的祝福。我们的罪常带来痛苦。主啊，帮助我们，让我们真心承认我们的罪，让我们去渴盼，去坚信你的恩典常带来医治。
- 上帝的恩典带来医治
何6:1 来吧，我们归向耶和华。他撕裂我们，也必医治。他打伤我们，也必缠裹。上帝的管教从不是随心所欲。他从没有做一件事不是为了我们的益处的。他给我们的恩典也是这样。上帝总是在正确的时间，赐予他的恩典，医治我们心里和生活中因为罪而所受的伤痛。有时候，为了发现问题的根源，医治的人需要在伤口中深入。就像医生有时候必须开刀开得很深，来切掉肿瘤；有时候，妈妈必须把你的指甲缝掰得很深，才能去除扎在里面的刺。是，很疼，但我们相信医生的技术，相信妈妈的爱。很疼，但因罪带来的痛苦会得到解除。
并且，上帝的行动很快，何6:2过两天他必使我们苏醒，第三天他必使我们兴起，我们就在他面前得以存活。上帝的帮助总是在正确的时候，当我们需要听到我们的罪得到赦免时，上帝不会卖关子等一会儿，而是立刻告诉我们。事实上，你我的罪都已经被赦免了，因为耶稣在二千多年前为我们钉死在十字架上，我们的过犯罪孽统统被上帝赦免。那，现在我们需要的是，让这样的真理深深扎进我们的心里，常常来听到这个福音，不是我们做了什么，而是慈爱的上帝为我们做了什么。这是为什么我们需要不断不断去听到这样的话的原因。所以，再次回到今天的真理，回到何西阿先知遭遇的故事。我们结婚的时候，我们都希望和配偶彼此相爱，忠诚于对方。如果我们是何西阿先知，当看到歌蔑那样去做事情的时候，我们就崩溃了。当她和别人跑的时候，把她再买回来？不可能。但，歌蔑就是你和我，是一次次远离上帝的所有的罪人。我们一次次用我们的嘴巴犯罪，用我们的思想犯罪，用我们的行为犯罪，一次次从上帝那里逃跑。人遇到这样的事情崩溃，上帝却做了没有一个人可以做的事情。何3:1 耶和华对我说，你再去爱一个淫妇，就是她情人所爱的，好像以色列人。虽然偏向别神，喜爱葡萄饼，耶和华还是爱他们。我们就是那个淫妇，上帝就是何西阿。他爱我们，我们一次次的喜爱葡萄饼，陷入罪中，不忠贞，远离上帝，背叛，逃跑，但是，他却来找我们，为我们的不忠贞买单，为我们受苦，受死，用他儿子耶稣基督的宝血赎买了我们，一次次地寻找我们，一次次地找到我们，一次次地带我们回家，我们才不至于灭亡，才不至于一直痛苦下去，我们才得以在他面前存活。
耶和华会保护以色列，并以正义，公平、慈爱、怜悯、忠信聘以色列永远归他为妻。何西阿与歌蔑所生的儿子叫耶斯列，这个名字的意思是“上帝必播种”，耶和华应允说：“我必将她种在这地。……我必怜悯；本非我民的，我必对他说：你是我的民；他必说：你是我的上帝。”（何西阿书2：23）像从淫行中幡然悔悟的妻子般，“以色列人必归回，寻求他们的上帝——耶和华和他们的王大卫。”（何西阿书3：5）
上帝透过耶稣基督，用他的血洗净了我们的罪，因为耶稣基督，上帝称为我们的主，本来不属于他的我们，成为他的子民，他爱我们，爱教会，让我们幡然悔悟，说：你是我的上帝。
所以，何6:3我们务要认识耶和华，竭力追求认识他。很多时候为什么不能悔改不能相信上帝的恩典呢？是因为没有认识上帝，没有认识他的话语，没有认识他的律法和福音。我们的罪性和这个世界也总是给我们太多的阻碍，让我们的罪与恩典的真理隔开。
所以，我们务要认识他，明白他的圣洁，他对我们所要求的圣洁，认识到我们的罪，我们的责任，知道上帝要管教时他拯救的应许。我们就能在这罪性的自我和世界中把心聚焦于上帝，得到他那严厉而又改变生命的真理。上帝会亲自帮助我们，他出现确如晨光，他必临到我们像甘雨，像滋润田地的春雨。他就像照亮黑暗的晨光，滋润土地的春雨。给黑暗的世界带来光明，给饥渴受伤的心灵带来浇灌和医治。他的恩典每早晨都是新的。
所以,我们该如何回应他的爱呢？那就是竭力认识他，用每日的生活中敬拜他，用恩典，忍耐，爱与怜悯来对待其他人，就像上帝对待我们一样。愿今天成为我们每个人新的开始。愿我们每一天都在撕裂和医治中经历上帝在我们身上的更新。这个世界悖逆上帝，如同离家出走的歌蔑，但是神爱世界，甚至将他的独生子赐给他们，叫一切信他的，不至灭亡，反得永生。这末世的好消息愿更多的人听到，相信吧。阿门！The History of CANEGROWERS
Sugarcane has been grown and milled in South Africa for over 154 years. The first Grower organisation was formed in 1877 and during the next 50 years, a number of regional grower organisations were established. These were not unified with a common purpose.
On 9 August 1927 the South African Cane Growers’ Association was established as an Association Incorporated not for Gain in terms of Section 21 of the Companies Act.
Various other associations representing cane growers from the Zulu, Indian and Coloured sugar cane communities were also present at that time. This led to a fragmented and non-unified cane growing industry. One voice was needed to speak on behalf of all cane growers.
After consultative debate within the various Grower groups, a major constitutional milestone was achieved in 1992. In effect, the organisation structures of the KwaZulu Cane Growers; Association, Natal Cane Growers’ Association and the Mangete Cane Growers’ Association were incorporated within the South African Cane Growers’ Association which is known as CANEGROWERS.
The CANEGROWERS of today is a non racial, apolitical organisation representative of all cane growers in South Africa. It is the national organisation which represents South Africa’s 23 866 private cane growers.دوست عزیز از چیزی بی اطلاع هستید دلیل نمیشه راهنمایی صحیح شخص دیگری رو مسخره کنید!!. رعایت رژیم غذایی و پرهیز از خوراکی های مضر برای حنجره و صدا برای خواننده های حرفه ای و کسانی که میخوان صداشون رو حفظ کنن ضروریه!
امیدوارم دیگه این حرکت رو تکرار نکنید.
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10 metre mesafeyi geçti. Aynı zamanda, ayaklarına hiç yere değmedi ve aralarında lastik bir top tuttu. O sadece iki yaşında spor salonunda babası ile çalışmaya başladı. Birkaç yıl sonra Romanya ve İtalya'daki çeşitli şovlarda performans sergiledi. Genç atlet, art arda halkı şaşırtarak Guinness Rekorlar Kitabı'na giren yeni başarılarını gösterdi. Bu kayıtlardan biri, aynı ellerde yaptığı 20 adet şınav. Giuliano ayağını havaya kaldırdı.
Listelenen üç kişiye ek olarak, dünyada hala sıradışı olmayan bir çocuk var ve her biri kendi yollarına ilgi duyuyor.
Dünyaya göre, dünyadaki en sıradışı çocuk 2019
Related news
Dünyaya göre, dünyadaki en sıradışı çocukAccording to the Illinois Department of Public Health, bed bugs are on the rise in Illinois after a dramatic decline in the 1940s and 1950s. Some of the reasons for the return are more world-wide travel and today’s insecticides, which have become less effective in killing these bugs. Bed bugs are small, flat insects, usually reddish-brown and up to ¼-inch long. Bed bugs do not fly or hop, but can move quickly across floors and walls. Bed bugs generally enter hotels or residences by crawling into or latching onto a suitcase or backpack, used furniture or other objects moved from one building to another. Bed bugs can survive several months without feeding.
At night, bed bugs leave their hiding places in mattresses, box springs, bed frames, nightstands, curtains, couches, and wall voids, and behind baseboards, door and window frames, and carpet edges to feed. The bugs feed on the blood of animals, including people and pets. The bug’s beak-like mouth painlessly pierces its victim, injects saliva and sucks up the host’s blood, in about three to five minutes.
“The Illinois Department of Public Health is seeing an increase in the number of calls from the public and from local health departments about bed bug infestations,” said Dr. Damon T. Arnold, state public health director. “To help reduce this problem, I encourage everyone to learn the signs of bed bug infestations, how the bugs spread, what you can do to prevent getting them and what to do if you find bed bugs.”
Although bed bugs are not known to transmit disease, their bites can cause an intense itch and scratching could produce secondary infections. Bed bugs may be brought into well-maintained hotels and clean homes because all they need to survive is a place to hide and a host to supply their only food – blood. New infestations may go undetected when only a few bed bugs are present, allowing the infestation to grow and spread.
Filing a Complaint
You can report instances of bed bug infestation in an apartment building or commercial building by calling 311 or by filing an online complaint with the Department of Buildings.
Signs of infestation:
- Spots of blood left on bed sheets indicate bed bug biting.
- Brownish-black specks (feces) and bed bug “shells” (shed exoskeletons) indicate a bed bug infestation.
- A peculiar musty raspberry odor from bed bug secretions may be noticed where many bed bugs are present.
How bed bugs are spread:
- Bed bugs attach to luggage, backpacks, clothing, beds and furniture, and move when and where those objects are moved.
- Bed bug outbreaks are often traced to travel, particularly travel in a country where bed bugs are common.
- Use of secondhand furniture, particularly beds and couches, is another way bed bugs can be spread.
- Also, bed bugs can quickly spread from one unit to the next in multi-unit dwellings such as apartment buildings.
To prevent getting bed bug:
- Keep all beds pulled slightly away from walls, furniture, and curtains. Make sure bedclothes don’t touch the floor. Wrap carpet tape or duct tape (sticky side out) around bed legs, or use traps, to prevent bed bugs from climbing onto beds.
- Keep the floor under and around beds free of clutter.
- Change sheets and pillow cases weekly (wash in either hot water or machine dry at medium or high heat).
- Use fitted sheets on the mattress, or tuck sheets under the mattress.
- Use light-colored sheets and check for discolored spots when removing them from the bed.
- Look for signs of bed bugs along the seams of the mattress in places you stay (hotels, motels) and keep your bags and luggage off the floor and bed.
- Do not place anything (luggage, blankets, pillows, stuffed toys) that may contain bed bugs onto any bed. Be particularly careful when returning from a trip.
- Only sleep on beds. Do not sleep on couches or in upholstered chairs.
- Inspect all used furniture carefully for bed bugs before bringing it into a home – do not scavenge furniture left on the street.
If there is a bed bug infestation:
- Vacuum infested areas (including mattresses and box springs) and dispose of the contents in a sealed garbage bag or trash container.
- Remove the pillows, sheets, blankets, mattress, and box springs and wash sheets and blankets. Dry blankets, sheets and pillows at medium or high heat.
- Items that cannot be completely inspected and treated should be thrown out.
- Tightly seal mattresses and box springs inside mattress encasements specially designed to exclude bed bugs.
- Pesticides can be applied directly into cracks and crevices harboring bed bugs. Hiring a licensed pest management professional may be preferable to doing it yourself because effective control requires experience, time and special pesticide application equipment. Effective control of bed bugs will probably require more than one pesticide treatment. Owners and occupants have an important role and will need to assist the pest control professional. Affording access for inspection and treatment is crucial and excess clutter that provides hiding places for bed bugs should be removed. Since bed bugs can move throughout a building, adjoining rooms and apartments should always be inspected, and treated if bed bugs are found. Do not apply pesticides to mattresses, bedding or furniture unless the pesticide’s label specifically allows application to these items. Do not apply pesticides to surfaces of mattresses, bedding or furniture that will come in contact with people. Treatments such as “fogging” and “bug bombs” are ineffective against well-hidden bed bugs and may drive them into other rooms or apartments and spread the infestation. Pesticide applications should not be done unless bed bugs have been identified by a qualified specialist.
For more information on bed bugs, log onto www.idph.state.il.us/envhealth/pcbedbugs.htm.
Bed bugs awareness during international travel
A recent resurgence in bed bug infestations worldwide, particularly in developed countries, is thought to be related to the increase in international travel, pest control strategy changes in travel lodgings, and insecticide resistance. Bed bug infestations have been increasingly reported in hotels, theaters, and any locations where people congregate, even in the workplace, dormitories, and schools. Bed bugs may be transported in luggage and on clothing. Transport of personal belongings in contaminated transport vehicles is another means of spread of these insects.
Bed bugs are small, flat insects that are reddish-brown in color, wingless, and range from 1 to 7 mm in length. While bed bugs have not been shown to transmit disease, their bites can produce strong allergic reactions and considerable emotional stress.
Protective Measures against Bed Bugs
Travelers should be encouraged to take the following precautions to avoid or reduce their exposure to bed bugs:
- Inspect the premises of hotels or other unfamiliar sleeping locations for bed bugs on mattresses, box springs, bedding, and furniture, particularly built-in furniture with the bed, desk, and closets as a continuous structural unit. Travelers who observe evidence of bed bug activity—whether it be the bugs themselves or physical signs such as blood-spotting on linens—should seek alternative lodging.
- Keep suitcases closed when they are not in use and try to keep them off the floor.
- It is best in high-risk areas to remove clothing and personal items, such as toiletry bags and shaving kits, from the suitcase only when they are in use.
- Carefully inspect clothing and personal items before returning them to the suitcase.
- Keep in mind that bed bug eggs and nymphs can be very small and are easily overlooked.
Prevention is by far the most effective and inexpensive way to protect oneself from these pests. The costs of ridding a personal residence of these insects are considerable, and efforts at control are often not immediately successful even when conducted by professionals.
Photo Credit: Piotr NaskreckiThe folks in the bee costumes in the above video are protesting the retail sale of "bee-killing" insecticides called neonicotinoids. They represent groups demanding that these insecticides not be sold, and that stores begin selling only nursery plants that have not been treated with these insecticides. I've blogged about this issue in the past, and reported on some recent urban incidents that could affect the pest control industry.
Over the past few days there has been some interesting discussion on this subject in a chat group that I belong to. I thought I would share some of the more interesting comments and new studies on the subject.
- Bee experts are mostly in agreement that Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) in honey bees is not as simple as "bad" pesticides. In fact pesticides may have little to do with bee declines in some areas. Australia may be instructive in this regard. Australia uses neonicotinoid insecticides like the rest of the world, but Australian honey bees are not in decline. A new Australian government report out this month confirms as much, and concludes that take as a whole, neonicotinoid use has led to an "overall reduction in the risks to the agricultural environment from the application of insecticides."
- A recent collaborative paper in the journal mBio, by Chinese and U.S. scientists, found a virus that has been known for many years, tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV), that is infecting honey bees. This virus is the first known plant virus that has mutated and adapted into an animal-infesting virus. It appears to be transmitted to bees via pollen, and also by varroa mite. And its presence in bee colonies appears to be associated with gradual declines in bee colony vitality.
- In fact, varroa mites in combination with viruses are currently under close scrutiny as a major explanation for CCD. According to Dr. Richard Cowles, with the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, "When combined with work on Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus and a demonstration that irradiation of hive equipment from CCD could prevent nukes from succumbing to CCD, the strongest evidence for the cause of CCD is the varroa/viral combination." An interesting side observation is that Australia does not yet have varroa mite, which lends strength to the argument for a mite-vectored virus explanation for the disease.
- Most studies that have found neonicotinoids in pollen have been on herbaceous plants. In one study on red maple trees, a dissertation by Dr. Josephine Johnson at the University of Maryland, no imidacloprid was found in tree nectar and only extremely low levels in pollen (bees feeding on these trees had no evidence of insecticides, nor in hive collected nectar). So if you do neonicotinoid root applications on trees per label instructions, there is no evidence right now that such applications pose any risk to pollinators.
- Two new Washington State University Extension publications are now available on CCD and neonicotinoids. The first publication by Lawrence and Sheppard, provides an overview of the problem with an explanation of the various factors thought to contribute to CCD. How to Reduce Bee Poisoning from Pesticides is a thorough overview of practical ways to reduce the risk of bee poisoning due to pesticides, and includes a table of most commonly used pesticides with their potential risks to bees.
None of this is to say that there are no legitimate concerns about the toxicity of neonicotinoids to pollinators. These products are certainly toxic to bees, and at levels lower than previously recognized. But research in this area is ongoing, and our understanding of the possible factors that might be hurting bee populations is much better than it was a few years ago. Despite what you might hear, both EPA and the pesticide industry is taking pollinator concerns seriously and is acting to make sure that you have safe tools to control pests effectively. After all, who wants to be "against the bees"?Io spedisco il periodico di e-mail che è pieno delle ultime informazioni di Himeji Convention & Visitors Scrivania regolarmente.
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Tu il contributo l'indirizzo di E-mail che vuole essere registrato, e per favore spinge il bottone di articolo che ti piace.第八十七章 受伤
成立于1919年的瓦伦西亚队是一支老牌西甲强队，历史上曾经获得四次西甲冠军，不过最近一次已经是1971年的事了，在三十年前夺得西甲冠军后这支队伍就总在西甲的中游徘徊，直到进入90年代他们才又逐渐的进入了一流强队的行列，尤其是在马洛卡前教练库帕入主后，他们在去年和前年连续两次杀入了欧洲冠军杯的决赛，可惜在决赛中分别输给了西甲豪门皇家马德里和德甲霸主拜仁慕尼黑队。
在重金的邀请之下库帕离开了瓦伦西亚，成为了意甲豪门国际米兰的主教练，年轻的少帅，前特内里费队主教练贝尼特斯走马上任，在他的调教下，瓦伦西亚逐渐摆脱了以前库帕加在身上的烙印，再加上门迭塔的出走，贝尼特斯起用阿根廷人“小丑”埃马尔，形成了另外一种打法。
12月2日，挟六连胜之威，马洛卡队气势汹汹的赶到了瓦伦西亚的路易斯·卡萨尼奥瓦球场。
能容纳五万五千人的球场座无虚席，在前一天的比赛中，巴塞罗那再遭重创，客场两球负于弱旅阿拉维斯队，皇家马德里则在主场依靠莫伦特斯和劳尔在前二十分钟的入球2：1击败奥萨孙纳，稳固了积分榜第一名的位置。
这场比赛对于双方来说都很重要，瓦伦西亚如果获胜，将会升到第二位，而马洛卡队获胜的话将会继续在第二名上站稳脚跟，同时对皇家马德里造成压力。
阿拉贡内斯在赛前接受采访时显得非常的低调：“瓦伦西亚是一支传统的强队，虽然现在我们的积分比他们高，但是也只有两分而已，我们是客场作战，他们的球迷会给我们带来很大的压力，但是我们绝对不会屈服，虽然获胜的希望不大，但是拿一分就是我们的目标。”
相比起来贝尼特斯的话语要豪迈得多：“是吗？老帅是这样说的吗？那就太好了，我们一定会胜利的，就算是一分，他们也别想从我们的手里拿走！”
话虽然是这么说，但是阿拉贡内斯却没有一点保守的意思，他排出了全部的主力阵容，后防线上除了连续征战而有些疲劳的队长纳达尔没有出场外，其他的主力悉数上场，小将巴列斯特罗斯作为主力登场，他的任务就是盯防对方的唯一一个前锋，身高一米九五的挪威人卡鲁。
在中场，伤愈复出的伊巴加萨成为了主力，和他相对应的是西班牙人坎帕诺，帕诺维奇后腰，裴炜前腰，双前锋则是卢克和埃托奥。
贝尼特斯当然也没有将阿拉贡内斯的话当真，现在的足球比赛前只有傻子教练才会说真话，他也排出了一直以来的主力阵容（4-2-3-1 ），守门员是西班牙国门何塞·圣蒂亚哥·卡尼萨雷斯，四名后卫分别是安格洛马、阿亚拉、佩莱格里诺、卡博尼，两名后腰分别是巴拉哈和阿尔贝尔达，三名中场分别是鲁菲特、艾马尔和基利·冈萨雷斯，前锋是卡鲁。
两位名帅一个低调一个高调，也都没有被对方的烟雾弹给迷惑，比赛的结果还是要看双方的球员发挥得如何了。
当地时间晚上七点，随着主裁判的一声哨响，比赛开始了！
马洛卡队率先开球，埃托奥将球敲给卢克，卢克接球后将球传给了后面的裴炜。
裴炜拿住了球，他轻巧的控着球，同时在寻找着对方的破绽。
瓦伦西亚的后防线无疑是西甲最强的，在前任教练库帕的调教下，连续两个赛季瓦伦西亚都是西甲失球最少的球队，连续杀进欧洲冠军杯的决赛这条后防线也是居功至伟。
左后卫法国人安格诺马，前法国国脚，三十八岁，右后卫意大利人卡博尼，前意大利国脚，三十九岁，虽然他们的年龄对于足球运动员来说已经到了一个接近退役的界限，但是这两位老将的状态却仍然是好得惊人，前不久瓦伦西亚俱乐部仍然和他们续约一年就是明证再加上中后卫阿根廷国家队队长罗伯特·阿亚拉以及身高一米九的西班牙人佩莱格里诺，这条多国部队的后防线扼杀过对手
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�国家的经济方针、政策和法规，了解中外经济发展的历史和现状；了解经济学的学术动态；具有运用数量分析方法和现代技术手段进行社会经济调查、经济分析和实际操作的能力；具有较强的文字和口头表达能力的专门人才，能熟练掌握一门外语。
学科要求
该专业对语文、政治科目要求较高。该专业适合乐于了解社会科学，自然科学，熟悉政治等知识的学生就读。
知识能力
1.掌握马克思主义经济学、当代西方经济学的基本理论和分析方法；2.掌握现代经济分析方法和计算机应用技能；3.了解中外经济学的学术动态及应用前景；4.了解中国经济体制改革和经济发展；5.熟悉党和国家的经济方针、政策和法规；6.掌握中外经济学文献检索、资料查询的基本方法、具有一定的经济研究和实际工作能力。我们生活中很少有指标和数字是我们无法忽视的。这些数字有助于我们所有人过上有计划的，顺畅的，富有成效的生活，摆脱任何意外的惊喜。
对于试图为即将到来的企业制作商业模型画布的所有不同的在线企业家来说，情况都是一样的。有大量不同的关键绩效指标（KPI）衡量企业的整体稳定性。
在开展业务时，需要考虑很多事情，如果您具有创业心态，您将永远不会错过指标的重要性。
虽然一个商业组织应该行使他们来说，只有少数关键业务指标，所有的企业家和企业组织必须知道，使其为他们工作。
熟悉这三个最关键的业务指标，并将您的创业风险提升到一个新的水平！
每个在线企业家都应该知道的3个最关键的业务指标
＃1客户数量
我们都知道，没有客户，企业就一事无成。没有大量客户，任何企业都无法在竞争激烈的世界中繁荣发展。这是最简单的指标之一，可用来了解您是否只是从理解和实施业务分析入手。
如果您在小众受众群体中不是家喻户晓的名字，那么您今天远没有成为家喻户晓的人物。当您考虑自己的业务策略时，客户必须是您的第一要务。
保持客户价值高或持续不断的需求，将目标客户保持在最前沿。
您将必须强调客户的需求，以提高服务或产品的质量。归根结底，核心重点应该放在增强完整的客户体验以增加客户数量上。
提示：客户数量总是动态的！您将必须特别注意所有不断变化的客户需求，因为人们对不同的时间表有不同的需求。确保捕获有关您的业务和细分市场的数据和见解，以便您知道当前业务计划中缺少的内容。
＃2客户生命周期价值
客户生命周期价值（CLV）代表着一个客户在其整个生命周期内为您的产品或服务所花费的总金额。
毫无疑问，CLV是了解您是否打算对自己的业务做出重大决定的最大指标之一，例如，估算您想要花费在收购新客户上的总金额并留住已经与您建立联系的客户。
客户生命周期价值只是与特定客户关系相关的业务利润的衡量标准。例如，如果您估计某个客户的客户生命周期价值，结果是500美元，则保留该客户不必花更多的钱。
通过了解企业的客户生命周期价值，您可以了解有关以下方面的更多信息：
- 在不破坏任何特定客户关系的情况下，获得类似客户所需的总费用。
- 您愿意为获得终生最高价值的客户投资的总金额。
- 您还可以了解创业中利润最高的产品。
- 确定并了解客户群中最赚钱的客户。
＃3客户获取
客户获取成本（CAC）是说服目标受众的潜在客户购买企业提供的产品或服务的总成本。
这些指标对于两个不同的方面（公司和投资者）非常重要。公司可以确定从受众群体中吸引客户的总成本以及可以从新客户那里提取的总金额。
对于需要一个有利可图且面向未来的解决方案的企业以及非常依赖投资的企业而言，这些指标非常重要。投资者永远不会投资于您的未来承诺，而会更加关注您目前的关系。
这些特定指标对于营销和促销目的也非常重要。这些指标给我们带来的最大好处是，它使员工可以完全优化他们的广告投资回报。
简单来说，如果减少了从客户那里提取资金的成本，公司将自动获得大量利润。
底线
对于初创企业而言，这三大指标对于每个商业组织或企业（尤其是小型企业）的长期成功至关重要。随着在线上开展成功业务的机会越来越多，从您的业务创造可持续的被动收入的机会也在增加。这些核心业务指标将帮助您为业务建立基础。
这些不仅可以帮助您使在线业务获利，还可以使您的投资成为未来投资的可能。现在是时候将知识付诸实践了！英国上千女孩乳房被烫平:不照做“男人会来和你上床”
作者: 环球网 日期:2019-03-29 10:16 阅读: 来源:环球网
对于这些女孩来说，这段经历是她们是一生的阴影……谁会想到？这件事会发生在许多人眼中先进、文明而有绅士风度的——英国 。
这两天，英国各大媒体纷纷报道了这样一件事，令许多人震惊不已……
——烫乳。
所谓“烫乳（breast ironing）“，就是在女孩年龄尚小、胸部刚开始发育时，用烧得滚烫的石头甚至铁棒来烫女孩的胸部，硬生生将乳房烫平。极其残忍。
据估计，“烫乳”遍布世界，尤其是西非 地区。被这种陋习伤害的女孩多达380万 ……
据联合国估计，全世界有380万女孩被“烫乳”所影响。 它在西非国家喀麦隆、几内亚比绍、乍得、多哥和贝宁尤为普遍。
联合国称：“在喀麦隆，10岁以下的女孩有近50%每天都会经历极为痛苦的烫乳。”
而在英国 ，一些其他地区（尤其西非）的移民后代，即使从小接受英国的教育，仍然难逃被烫乳的噩运。
据统计，遭到烫乳的女孩，在英国或有1000多人……
玛格丽特是移民组织“让妇女与女孩发展”的负责人。她估计，在英国至少有1000名女性已受到了烫乳的影响。
齐娜亚 （Kinaya）就是一个来自西非、住在英国的女孩。这不是她的真名。
齐娜亚10岁时，便被母亲强迫着进行了烫乳。母亲给出的理由十分怪异——
齐娜亚说，母亲告诉她：“如果我不烫你的乳房，就会有男人开始来找你，跟你上床。”
烫乳一事通常由女孩们的母亲来做。她们把石头或勺子放在火上加热，之后用这些器具挤压、按摩或烫平乳房。烫乳的过程可能会持续数月。
……这是什么理由？
就因为怕“男人可能会来和你上床” 这种莫须有的事，就要让年幼的女儿遭受石碾火烫、把身上的重要器官活生生给烫平？？
还有一个在英国的母亲，介绍了她给女儿烫乳的过程：
一名住在英格兰郊区的妇女告诉《卫报》，她是如何在女儿青春期的第一个迹象出现（指胸部开始发育）时去烫她乳房的。
“我拿起石头，把它加热，然后开始按摩（我女儿的胸）。” 她说。“石头有点烫。当我开始按摩时，女儿说：‘妈妈，好烫啊！’”
她的女儿被烫出了淤伤。 最终，当地警方对她进行询问，给她警告然后释放了她。
就这样，因为一些令人匪夷所思的原因，这些女孩的乳房被烫得严重变形、扁平。
原本圆润饱满、充满魅力的器官，变得 伤痕累累、干瘪可怖。
在BBC的报道中，有个在英国的女孩表示，从小就被烫乳的她，本以为所有的女性都得如此。
但一次体育课后，这个发现了“真相”的女孩，在震惊过后变得愈加孤僻……
一名女子告诉节目组，直到她在英国学校上体育课、发现自己的身材和同学们不一样时，她才意识到烫乳是不正常的。 这让她十分沮丧。
她姐姐从她8岁起就开始给她烫乳。但她的老师也没有注意到，这个女孩变得孤僻起来，也不再想上体育课了。
这还不是最痛苦的。
等好不容易挨过了敏感纤细的青春期、到了结婚生子的时候，这些被烫过乳房的女孩们开始尝到了另一种折磨：
和很多年幼的女孩一样，西蒙被迫穿着特别紧身的裹胸， 从而让胸部变得更平——可这种裹胸会让人难以呼吸。
几年后，西蒙被迫嫁给了一个男人，还生了个孩子。这时，烫乳的长期危害就开始明显了起来。
“喂奶时特别费力，就像是乳房打了结似的。” 她说。“感觉像是一些神经已经被毁掉了。”
烫乳，是一种针对女性的“割礼” 。而“割礼”陋习还有很多种其他的表现形式，每一种都愚昧而残忍。
很难想象，在现代社会——甚至是身为西方发达国家的英国——也存在如此落后怪诞的陋习，残害着一个又一个年幼的女孩，将她们如花的生命一点点摧毁。
据悉，英国一些公益组织已在呼吁学校和社会对“烫乳”进行干预。
希望更多的人能知道：用烫平乳房甚至割掉一部分性器官的方法来防止女孩被“骚扰”，是多么荒谬而愚蠢的逻辑。
希望这些对于女童的折磨与残害，能够在这个地球上消失。
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- "天维伙伴"频道,构筑新西兰华人的精神角落
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- 新西兰警方亚裔联络官Jessica专栏
- 想了解新西兰本地安全常识？想求助新西兰警方却因语言障碍而不知所措？请访问新西兰警方亚裔联络官Jessica专栏，通过此专栏，我希望与您合作，保持您、您的环境和您的财产安全。
- 纽惠康 - 源于新西兰的健康体验
- 纽惠康是天维网旗下唯一的购物网站，我们的宗旨是利用我们的品牌优势，以最优惠的价格为您提供新西兰最优质的健康产品。请访问http://wellcome.co.nz
- 为新西兰中小商家提供微信生态推广的一站式服务The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a societal hierarchy. The middle class is the broad group of people in contemporary society who fall socio-economically between the working class and upper class.
How big is the middle class in India?
According to McKinsey those who earn between Rs 200,000 and Rs 1,000,000 qualify to be in the middle class. India is expected to have a whopping 600 million middle class population by 2030.
Some interesting numbers from the Outlook article,
- 150 million earn between Rs 340,000 and Rs 1,700,000 per annum. Year on year this segment is growing by 13%.
- 800 million earn between Rs 45,000 and Rs 340,000 per annum. Year on year this segment is growing by 3.2%.
- 89% of tax payers earn less than Rs 500,000 (about $10k) per annum. The maximum tax burden is on the lower middle class (earning between Rs 200,000 and Rs 500,000)
- Corporate India gets subsidies worth Rs 500,000 crore, food subsidy alone is Rs 75,000 crore per annum.
- Middle class gets about Rs 45,000 crore as tax relief.
- With the rising cost of living middle class has cut down on taking loans. It has reduced from 17% in 2010-11 to 12.1% in 2011-12. Sectors like real estate and auto would be seriously hit.
- Now the worrying number: Household saving rate has reduced from 25.4% in 2009-10 to 22.8% in 2010-11. This is mainly happening because families are eating into savings to maintain lifestyles.Doğums
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97 with 38.49inches and the driest February 2015 with 0.15inches. The wettest calendar year has been 1976 with 131.7inches and the driest 1998 with 57.88inches. The most rainfall in a single day occurred on 15 October 1953 when 15.48inches fell.
Since Super Typhoon Pamela in 1976, wooden structures have been largely replaced by concrete structures. During the 1980s wooden utility poles began to be replaced by typhoon-resistant concrete and steel poles. After the local Government enforced stricter construction codes, many home and business owners built their structures out of reinforced concrete with installed typhoon shutters.
Based on a 2010 estimate, the largest ethnic group are the native Chamorros, accounting for 37.3% of the total population. Other significant ethnic groups include those of Filipino (26.3%), White (7.1%), and Chuukese (7%) ethnicities. The rest are from other Pacific Islands or of Asian ancestry.
The official languages of the island are English and Chamorro.
See also: Music of Guam.
See also: Culture of Guam.
Post-European-contact Chamorro Guamanian culture is a combination of American, Spanish, Filipino, other Micronesian Islander and Mexican traditions. Few indigenous pre-Hispanic customs remained following Spanish contact. Hispanic influences are manifested in the local language, music, dance, sea navigation, cuisine, fishing, games (such as batu, chonka, estuleks, and bayogu), songs and fashion.
During Spanish colonial rule (1668–1898) the majority of the population was converted to Roman Catholicism and religious festivities such as Easter and Christmas became widespread. Post-contact Chamorro cuisine is largely based on corn, and includes tortillas, tamales, atole and chilaquiles, which are a clear influence from Mesoamerica, principally Mexico, from Spanish trade with Asia.
The modern Chamorro language has many historical parallels to modern Philippine languages in that it is an Austronesian language which has absorbed much Spanish vocabulary. The language lies within the Malayo-Polynesian languages subgroup, along with such languages as Tagalog, Indonesian, Hawaiian, and Maori. Despite being spoken in the mid Pacific Ocean, which is geographically closer to speakers of the Polynesian Islands, Chamorro is actually a linguistic outlier of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages, and is thus more closely related to, and a part of, the languages of the Malay Archipelago, rather than its neighbours in Polynesia. Among the languages of the Malay Archipelago, Chamorro is most closely related to the languages at the south of archipelago, in Indonesia, rather than the languages at the north, in the Philippines, with which it otherwise shares colonial linguistic influence from Spanish.
As with Filipinos, many Chamorros have Spanish surnames, although also like most Filipinos few of the inhabitants are themselves descended from the Spanish colonizers. Instead, Spanish names and surnames became commonplace after their conversion to Roman Catholic Christianity and the historical event of the imposition of the Catálogo alfabético de apellidos in Guam and other territories of the Spanish East Indies, most notably the Philippines.
Due to foreign cultural influence from Spain, most aspects of the early indigenous culture have been lost, though there has been a resurgence in preserving any remaining pre-Hispanic culture in the last few decades. Some scholars have traveled throughout the Pacific Islands conducting research to study what the original Chamorro cultural practices such as dance, language, and canoe building may have been like.
Two aspects of indigenous pre-Hispanic culture that withstood time are chenchule' and inafa'maolek. Chenchule' is the intricate system of reciprocity at the heart of Chamorro society. It is rooted in the core value of inafa'maolek. Historian Lawrence Cunningham in 1992 wrote, "In a Chamorro sense, the land and its produce belong to everyone. Chamorro: [[Inafa'maolek]], or interdependence, is the key, or central value, in Chamorro culture ... Chamorro: Inafa'maolek depends on a spirit of cooperation and sharing. This is the armature, or core, that everything in Chamorro culture revolves around. It is a powerful concern for mutuality rather than individualism and private property rights."
The core culture or Pengngan Chamorro is based on complex social protocol centered upon respect: from sniffing over the hands of the elders (called mangnginge in Chamorro), the passing down of legends, chants, and courtship rituals, to a person asking for permission from spiritual ancestors before entering a jungle or ancient battle grounds. Other practices predating Spanish conquest include galaide' canoe-making, making of the belembaotuyan (a string musical instrument made from a gourd), fashioning of Chamorro: åcho' atupat slings and slingstones, tool manufacture, Chamorro: [[Måtan Guma']] burial rituals, and preparation of herbal medicines by Suruhanu.
Master craftsmen and women specialize in weavings, including plaited work (niyok- and åkgak-leaf baskets, mats, bags, hats, and food containments), loom-woven material (kalachucha-hibiscus and banana fiber skirts, belts and burial shrouds), and body ornamentation (bead and shell necklaces, bracelets, earrings, belts and combs made from tortoise shells and Spondylus).
The cosmopolitan and multicultural nature of modern Guam poses challenges for Chamorros struggling to preserve their culture and identity amidst forces of acculturation. The increasing numbers of Chamorros, especially Chamorro youth, relocating to the U.S. Mainland has further complicated both definition and preservation of Chamorro identity. While only a few masters exist to continue traditional art forms, the resurgence of interest among the Chamorros to preserve the language and culture has resulted in a growing number of young Chamorros who seek to continue the ancient ways of the Chamorro people.
The Guam national football team was founded in 1975 and joined FIFA in 1996. Guam was once considered one of FIFA's weakest teams, and experienced their first victory over a FIFA-registered side in 2009, when they defeated Mongolia in the East Asian Cup.
Guam entered the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification Group D. Guam hosted qualifying games on the island for the first time in 2015. During the qualifying round, Guam clinched their first FIFA World Cup Qualifying win by defeating Turkmenistan. Since then, the team has experienced moderate success in the Qualifying Round with a record of 2–1–1.
The national team plays at the Guam National Football Stadium, which has a capacity of 1,000. The men's national football team are known as the "matao" team. Matao is the definition of highest level or "noble" class; the matao team have done exceptionally well under the head coach Gary White. As of 2016, the Matao is led by Darren Sawatzky, the current head coach.
The top football division in Guam is the Guam Men's Soccer League. Rovers FC and Guam Shipyard are the league's most competitive and successful clubs, both have won nine championships in the past years.
As of 2015, it is the reigning champion of the Pacific Games Basketball Tournament.
Guam is represented in rugby union by the Guam national rugby union team. The team has never qualified for a Rugby World Cup. Guam played their first match in 2005, an 8–8 draw with India. Guam's biggest win was a 74–0 defeat of Brunei in June 2008.
See also: Energy in Guam. Guam's economy depends primarily on tourism, Department of Defense installations and locally owned businesses. Despite paying no income or excise tax, it receives large transfer payments from the general revenues of the U.S. federal treasury. Under the provisions of a special law by Congress, it is Guam's treasury rather than the U.S. treasury that receives the federal income taxes paid by local taxpayers (including military and civilian federal employees assigned to Guam).
Lying in the western Pacific, Guam is a popular destination for Japanese tourists. Its tourist hub, Tumon, features over 20 large hotels, a Duty Free Shoppers Galleria, Pleasure Island district, indoor aquarium, Sandcastle Las Vegas–styled shows and other shopping and entertainment venues. It is a relatively short flight from Asia or Australia compared to Hawaii, with hotels and seven public golf courses accommodating over a million tourists per year. Although 75% of the tourists are Japanese, Guam receives a sizable number of tourists from South Korea, the U.S., the Philippines, and Taiwan. Significant sources of revenue include duty-free designer shopping outlets, and the American-style malls: Micronesia Mall, Guam Premier Outlets, the Agana Shopping Center, and the world's largest Kmart.
The economy had been stable since 2000 due to increased tourism. It is expected to stabilize with the transfer of U.S. Marine Corps' 3rd Marine Expeditionary Force, currently in Okinawa, Japan, (approximately 8,000 Marines, along with their 10,000 dependents), to Guam between 2010 and 2015. In 2003, Guam had a 14% unemployment rate, and the government suffered a $314 million shortfall.
The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration. Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.
Guam's largest single private sector employer, with about 1,400 jobs, was Continental Micronesia, a subsidiary of Continental Airlines; it is now a part of United Airlines, a subsidiary of Chicago-based United Continental Holdings, Inc. the Continental Micronesia annual payroll in Guam was $90 million.
The District Court of Guam is the court of United States federal jurisdiction in the territory. Guam elects one delegate to the United States House of Representatives, currently Democrat Madeleine Z. Bordallo. The delegate does not have a vote on the final passage of legislation, but is accorded a vote in committee, and the privilege to speak to the House. U.S. citizens in Guam vote in a straw poll for their choice in the U.S. Presidential general election, but since Guam has no votes in the Electoral College, the poll has no real effect. However, in sending delegates to the Republican and Democratic national conventions, Guam does have influence in the national presidential race. These delegates are elected by local party conventions.
In the 1980s and early 1990s, there was a significant movement in favor of this U.S. territory becoming a commonwealth, which would give it a level of self-government similar to Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands. However, the federal government rejected the version of a commonwealth that the government of Guam proposed, because its clauses were incompatible with the Territorial Clause (Art. IV, Sec. 3, cl. 2) of the U.S. Constitution. Other movements advocate U.S. statehood for Guam, union with the state of Hawaii, or union with the Northern Mariana Islands as a single territory, or independence.
In a 1982 plebiscite, voters indicated interest in seeking commonwealth status. The island has been considering another non-binding plebiscite on decolonization since 1998. Governor Eddie Baza Calvo intended to include one during the island's November 2016 elections but it was delayed again.
A Commission on Decolonization was established in 1997 to educate the people of Guam about the various political status options in its relationship with the U.S.: statehood, free association and independence. The group was dormant for some years. In 2013, the Commission began seeking funding to start a public education campaign. There were few subsequent developments until late 2016. In early December 2016, the Commission scheduled a series of education sessions in various villages about the current status of Guam's relationship with the U.S. and the self-determination options that might be considered. The Commission's current Executive Director is Edward Alvarez and there are ten members. The group is also expected to release position papers on independence and statehood but the contents have not yet been completed.
The United Nations is in favor of greater self-determination for Guam and other such territories. The UN's Special Committee on Decolonization has agreed to endorse the Governor's education plan. The commission's May 2016 report states: "With academics from the University of Guam, [the Commission] was working to create and approve educational materials. The Office of the Governor was collaborating closely with the Commission" in developing educational materials for the public.
The United States Department of the Interior had approved a $300,000 grant for decolonization education, Edward Alvarez told the United Nations Pacific Regional Seminar in May 2016. "We are hopeful that this might indicate a shift in [United States] policy to its Non-Self-Governing Territories such as Guam, where they will be more willing to engage in discussions about our future and offer true support to help push us towards true self-governances and self-determination."
The U.S. military maintains jurisdiction over its bases, which cover approximately 39000acres, or 29% of the island's total land area:
In addition to on-shore military installations, Guam, along with the rest of the Mariana Islands, is being prepared to be the westernmost military training range for the U.S. Guam is currently viewed as a key military hub that will further allow U.S. military power to be projected via sea and sky.
The U.S. military has proposed building a new aircraft carrier berth on Guam and moving 8,600 Marines, and 9,000 of their dependents, to Guam from Okinawa, Japan. Including the required construction workers, this buildup would increase Guam's population by 45%. In a February 2010 letter, the United States Environmental Protection Agency sharply criticized these plans because of a water shortfall, sewage problems and the impact on coral reefs. By 2012, these plans had been cut to have only a maximum of 4,800 Marines stationed on the island, two thirds of whom would be there on a rotational basis without their dependents.
With the proposed increased military presence stemming from the upcoming preparation efforts and relocation efforts of U.S. Marines from Okinawa, Japan to Guam slated to begin in 2010 and last for the next several years thereafter, the amount of total land that the military will control or tenant may grow to or surpass 40% of the entire landmass of Guam.
In January 2011, the Ike Skelton National Defense Authorization Act for FY2011 indicated that recent significant events will delay the deadline for realigning U.S. Marine Corps service members and their families from Okinawa to Guam. The transfer may be as late as 2020. In addition, the Defense Authorization Act cut approximately $320 million from the 2011 budget request.
Villagers and the military community are interconnected in many ways. Many villagers serve in the military or are retired. Many active duty personnel and Defense Department civilians also live in the villages outside of the military installation areas. The military and village communities have "adoption" programs where Guam's population and military personnel stationed on Guam perform community service projects.
Most of the island has state-of-the-art mobile phone services and high-speed internet widely available through either cable or DSL. Guam was added to the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) in 1997 (country code 671 became NANP area code 671), removing the barrier of high-cost international long-distance calls to the U.S. mainland.
Guam is also a major hub for submarine cables between the Western U.S., Hawaii, Australia and Asia. Guam currently serves twelve submarine cables, with most continuing to China.
In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic.
The speed of mail traveling between Guam and the states varies depending on size and time of year. Light, first-class items generally take less than a week to or from the mainland, but larger first-class or Priority items can take a week or two. Fourth-class mail, such as magazines, are transported by sea after reaching Hawaii. Most residents use post office boxes or private mail boxes, although residential delivery is becoming increasingly available. Incoming mail not from the Americas should be addressed to "Guam" instead of "USA" to avoid being routed the long way through the U.S. mainland and possibly charged a higher rate (especially from Asia).
The Commercial Port of Guam is the island's lifeline because most products must be shipped into Guam for consumers. It receives the weekly calls of the Hawaii-based shipping line Matson, Inc. whose container ships connect Guam with Honolulu, Hawaii, Los Angeles, California, Oakland, California and Seattle, Washington. The port is also the regional transhipment hub for over 500,000 customers throughout the Micronesian region. The port is the shipping and receiving point for containers designated for the island's U.S. Department of Defense installations, Andersen Air Force Base and Commander, Naval Forces Marianas and eventually the Third Marine Expeditionary Force.
Guam is served by the Antonio B. Won Pat International Airport, which is a hub for United Airlines. The island is outside the United States customs zone, so Guam is responsible for establishing and operating its own customs and quarantine agency and jurisdiction. Therefore, the U.S.
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جیح وی برای انزوا بیشتر می شود.
پس از ماه ها اقدامات ناهماهنگ، عاقبت آمریکا و اروپا بسته تحریمی سختگیرانه و هماهنگی را ارائه دادند که بانک های دولتی را هدف قرار داده و صادرات فن آوری های نفتی و نظامی به روسیه را ممنوع می کند. خود این تحریم ها به تنهایی روسیه را به زانو در نمی آورند اما می تواند آسیب های جدی به اقتصاد بیمار روسیه وارد کند.
هدف قرار دادن هواپیمای مالزیایی که به احتمال زیاد به دست جدایی طلبان هوادار روس در شرق اوکراین صورت گرفت، نگرش ها را نسبت به پوتین سخت تر کرد. عدم پذیرش مسئولیت از جانب پوتین و ادامه حمایت های نظامی وی از شورشیان پس از این واقعه، رهبران اروپایی و حتی آن تعدادی که با تحریم مخالف بودند را مجاب کرد که راهی جز تنبیه روسیه وجود ندارد.
تحریم ها علیه بانک های دولتی، بزرگ ترین و فوری ترین تهدید علیه اقتصاد روسیه به شمار می رود. به گزارش بلومبرگ، شربانک، گازپروم بانک و Vnesheconombank حدود ۱۵ میلیارد دلار اوراق به دلار، یورو و فرانک سوئیس اختصاص داده اند که تا سه سال دیگر سررسید آنها فرا می رسد. تحریم های جدید کار را برای وام دهندگانی همچون این موسسات برای اعطای وام به بازار پایتخت های غربی دشوار تر می کند. بدون دسترسی به تامین مالی بلند مدت خارجی، دیون آن ها به سختی پرداخت خواهد شد.
جریان سرمایه بین المللی به روسیه کاهش یافته است. دلارهای استقراضی از بانک های خارجی از ۲۵ میلیارد دلار در سال ۲۰۱۳ به ۷.۹ میلیارد دلار در نیمه نخست سال ۲۰۱۴ کاهش یافته است. در نتیجه این امر شرکت های محلی بیشتر به بانک های دولتی روسیه وابسته شده اند. اگرچه بانک های دولتی می توانند برای مدتی روی پس انداز داخلی حساب کنند و شاید هم نیم نگاهی به دیگر منابع تامین مالی داشته باشند اما با وجود همه اینها، پول کمتری برای سرمایه گذاری در دسترس خواهد بود. اگر چین واقعا پولی ارائه کند تنها در ازای دسترسی به منابع طبیعی روسیه خواهد بود.
تحریم ها صادرات انرژی روسیه را هدف قرار نمی دهند. اما تحریم فن آوری های غربی، توانایی روسیه را برای دست یابی به حوزه های جدید در منطقه شمالگان (Arctic) و سایر مناطق محدود می کند که نتیجه آن کاهش احتمالی در درآمدهای حاصل از فروش محصولات هیدروکربنی خواهد بود.
تاکنون پیوندهای اقتصادی روسیه با غرب چندان تحت الشعاع این تحریم ها قرار نگرفته است. آمریکا اسبربانک، بزرگ ترین بانک روسیه و قلب مالی اقتصاد آن را از فهرست تحریم هایش دور نگه داشته است (مشخص نیست که اتحادیه اروپا نیز همین اقدام را صورت داده است یا خیر). محدودیت صادرات فن آوری به بخش نفت، حوزه گاز را دست نخورده باقی گذاشته است که این امر همچنان وابستگی اروپا به گاز روسیه را حفظ می کند. علاوه بر این، اتحادیه اروپا مبادلات دفاعی آینده نه فعلی را مسدود کرده است. فروش ۱.۲ میلیارد یورویی (۱.۶ میلیارد دلاری) ناو جنگی Mistral-class از سوی فرانسه می تواند طبق برنامه ریزی ها انجام شود.
تصادفا یک روز پیش از اعلام تحریم های جدید، یک دادگاه هلندی دستور داد تا روسیه حدود ۵۰ میلیارد دلار به سهام داران شرکت یوکاس برای مصادره این شرکت توسط کرملین در ده سال پیش، غرامت پرداخت کند. مفسران روسی تحریم و حکم دادگاه را بخشی از طرح غربی ها می دانند.
جنگ به هر قیمتی
پوتین اینطور حساب می کرد که دودلی و توجه موقتی غرب به مسائل باعث می شود تا وی بدون خطر و هزینه زیاد، هرکاری را که بخواهد در اوکراین انجام دهد. وی تصور می کرد که با وجود آسیب به روابط دیپلماتیک و اقتصادی، ضمیمه کردن کریمه به روسیه و حفظ نفوذ روی اوکراین، ارزش این ریسک ها را دارد.
مشخص است که هزینه تحمیلی بیش از آن چیزی است که پوتین محاسبه نموده است. اما شاید این هزینه به قدری زیاد نباشد که او را منعطف سازد. دیمیتری ترنین از اندیشکده کارنگی مسکو بر این نظر است که پوتین، امروز برای بقای سیاسی خود می جنگد. رئیس جمهور روسیه فکر می کند باید بین کسب حمایت داخلی از طریق مبارزه یا تسلیم شدن در مقابل فشارهای بین المللی و احتمالا از دست دادن همه چیز یکی را انتخاب کند. در روزهای پس از حادثه سقوط هواپیمای MH۱۷ مشخص شد که پوتین هواداران سیاسی خود را برای یک نبرد طولانی آماده کرده است.
جو فعلی در مسکو طوری است که از انزوا استقبال می شود. نمایندگان دومای روسیه به منظور تشویق مصرف کنندگان برای استفاده از محصولات داخلی، از مزایای صنایع داخلی به شکل اغراق آمیزی تعریف می کنند. یک اقتصاددان به نام ولادیسلاو اینوزمستوف، قدرت پوتین را وابسته به رشد اقتصادی یا حتی میزان حقوق و دستمزدها نمی داند. وقتی هم که مشکلات خودی نشان می دهند، تقصیرها گردن غرب انداخته می شود. ماشین تبلیغات و پروپاگاندای روسیه همچنان قدرتمند است. نتایج نظرسنجی مرکز لودا نشان می دهد ۸۲ درصد از مردم روس بر این نظرند که نیروهای اوکراینی مسئول سقوط هواپیمای MH۱۷ بوده اند.
برخی از نخبگان سیاسی و اقتصادی نسبت به مسیری که روسیه در پیش گرفته تردید دارند، اما به قدری به کرملین وابسته هستند که نمی توانند علنا آنرا اعلام کنند. برای مثال مدیران بانک های دولتی از اینکه منابع تامین مالی بلندمدت خود در غرب را از دست دهند چندان خشنود نیستند، اما می دانند برای اینکه از سد مشکلات پیش روی عبور نمایند به حمایت های مالی دولت نیازمند هستند.
با در نظر گرفتن دیدگاه آقای پوتین در مواجه با غرب، اگر تنش ها افزایش یابد چندان جای شگفتی نیست. پوتین بر این باور است که آینده سیاسی وی وابسته به دفاع از نفوذ منطقه ای روسیه است - این درسی است که وی از سقوط اتحاد جماهیر شوروی گرفته است. کابوس بزرگ پوتین، شکست شورشیان بدون منفعتی برای روسیه است. او ترجیح می دهد به جای اینکه شبیه میخائیل گورباچف باشد، یک چهره منفور جهانی باقی بماند.منبع:
اقتصاد ایرانیانتهای متن/Report Suggests Solar at Grid Parity Tipping Point
A new academic study published last week suggests that solar energy has already reached grid parity in some areas in North America and is therefore poised to move into the mainstream.
The study, 'A Review of Solar Photovoltaic Levelized Cost of Electricity', was co-authored by Joshua Pearce of Michigan Technological University and Kadra Branker and Michael Pathak of Queen´s University in Kingston, Ontario. It was published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. You can read an abstract of the study here.
The study focuses on the assumptions behind many of the past studies of the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) facing the solar industry and argues that falling costs combined with more accurate assumptions behind the LCOE calculations can provide numbers that are in line with what consumers in many areas pay for electricity - which is one definition of Grid Parity.
According to a report in R&D magazine, Mr Pearce made the following statement -
"Many analysts project a higher cost for solar photovoltaic energy because they don't consider recent technological advancements and price reductions.... Older models for determining solar photovoltaic energy costs are too conservative."
The question of LCOEs and Grid Parity is surrounded by many fairly intensely debated questions. However, there can be little doubt that the LCOE for solar has been falling. The costs that go into calculating the LCOE include:
- The cost of solar photovoltaic panels themselves
- Balance of System costs
- Installation and maintenance costs
- Finance costs
- The system´s life expectancy and efficiency over its lifetime
- Solarization and the amount of electricity produced
The study raises issues with the assumptions of previous studies in most of these areas. However, Pearce particularly points to two important factors which have ensured that the LCOE metrics for solar systems have been improving. Firstly, he argues that previous studies don’t consider 'the 70% reduction in the cost of solar panels since 2009'. Moreover, R&D magazine reports Pearce as suggesting that 'research now shows the productivity of top-of-the-line solar panels only drops between 0.1 and 0.2% annually, which is much less than the one per cent used in many cost analyses'.
Pearce´s results are likely to be hotly debated. However, he has correctly emphasized the direction in which solar is rapidly moving. In conclusion, he states that he 'believes solar photovoltaic systems are near the "tipping point" where they can produce energy for about the same price as other traditional sources of energy'.
Finally, from our perspective, all of this is certainly encouraging given that we are once again bullish on the solar sector. We would simply repeat our conclusions from last week following the purchase of the Topaz Solar Farm by Warren Buffett:
'...this latest bullish news follows a series of bullish factors that have led us to recommend long solar positions again after having been flat for many months:
- The latest data points to blistering demand in the US - more detail here
- Likewise, China and Asia are showing extremely strong demand growth - see our previous article on this here
- The major Chinese players have drawn a halt to their excessively aggressive capacity expansion plans - more detail here.
Taken together, these factors should allow the supply-demand imbalance currently facing the industry to be eroded as 2012 progresses'.
Disclosure: I have no positions in the stocks discussed.
About the Author: Clean Energy Intel is a free investment advisory service (available at www.cleanenergyintel.com), produced by a retired hedge fund strategist who also manages his own money inside a clean energy investment fund.Champions League, terzo turno qualificazione. Info, analisi e pronostico di Midtjylland-Young Boys, mercoledì 16 settembre alle ore 20:30. Scopri la nostra previsione.
Presentazione:
Il match tra Midtjylland e Young Boys in programma mercoledì 16 settembre alle ore 20:30 è valido per il terzo turno di qualificazione al girone di Champions League 2020-21
Info e analisi di Midtjylland-Young Boys:
Il Midtjylland è una squadra danese nata piuttosto recentemente, ovvero il 1° luglio 1999 dalla fusione di due club, quali Ikast FS e l’Herning Fremad. È allenata da un tecnico danese, di nome Brian Priske. Negli ultimi anni è riuscita a costruirsi un suo percorso nella storia danese, riuscendo a vincere tre campionati, di cui l’ultimo proprio nell’ultima stagione 2019-20. Oltre a ciò annovera anche una Coppa di Danimarca conquistata nella stagione scorsa, 2018-19.
L’ultima stagione non l’ha iniziata proprio bene, dato che ha perso in trasferta contro il Sønderjysk per 0-2. Quest’oggi ha l’opportunità di rifarsi, di fronte ad una formazione più esperta e di qualità superiore.
Lo Young Boys è una formazione svizzera che negli ultimi anni ha partecipato anche alla Champions League, affrontando la Juventus nella fase a gironi. È reduce da un’ottima ultima stagione, la 2019-20, nella quale ha vinto il suo quattordicesimo titolo della storia in Svizzera, oltre ad aver vinto per la settima volta la coppa nazionale.
Nell’ultima stagione dopo aver perso ai playoff di Champions League è entrata nei gironi di Europa League, ma è uscita come terza e senza aver avuto la possibilità di disputare i playoff.
Midtjylland-Young Boys, il pronostico
Per questa sfida di Champions League diamo favoriti gli ospiti, anche se con qualche riserva. Quindi proponiamo un 12 condito da Over 2.5 e Goal.Where does Scrooge spend Christmas Day?
Scrooge buys a prize turkey and has it delivered to the Cratchits, goes to church, walks the streets of London greeting passers-by, contributes a significant amount of money to the poor, and ends the day singing and playing games at his nephew Fred’s dinner party.
Where did Scrooge spend Christmas as a child?
Mr. Scrooge reports that he spent most of his childhood in boarding school. He was often isolated and forgotten by his family. He felt and still believes that his father did not care much for him.
Where did Scrooge have Christmas dinner?
Then he dresses and goes out into the street where he meets one of the charity collectors from the previous day. Scrooge whispers his donation to the man, who is very grateful. Then Scrooge goes to church and at last to his nephew Fred’s for Christmas dinner.
How did Scrooge spend Christmas evening?
A mean-spirited, miserly old man named Ebenezer Scrooge sits in his counting-house on a frigid Christmas Eve. His clerk, Bob Cratchit, shivers in the anteroom because Scrooge refuses to spend money on heating coals for a fire.
How did Scrooge spend Christmas as a boy?
He spent the holiday alone, as a boy, abandoned at school by his family. His fiancée, Belle, broke up with him at Christmas because he was getting too greedy. Finally, Marley, his only friend, died on Christmas as well.
Where does Scrooge go first on Christmas Day?
Scrooge sends a young boy to buy a turkey on Christmas Day, which he plans to send to the Cratchit’s as a surprise.
What did Scrooge remember on Christmas morning?
When Scrooge awoke the next morning he remembered the three ghosts and he also remembered what he had seen. It was Christmas morning. He thought “What a wonderful morning!” then he jumped out of bed and he smiled!
Does Bob Cratchit work on Christmas Day?
In A Christmas Carol, Bob Cratchit works for Ebenezer Scrooge, where he is paid a pittance for his services.Defining Sex Trafficking
Within 48 hours of running away, one in three adolescents will likely be solicited for commercial sex. (National Runaway Switchboard)
Sex Trafficking– Any commercial sex act induced by force, fraud or coercion OR when the person is under 18 years old (regardless of evident coercion).
Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children- Sexual activity with a child (under 18) in exchange for money, goods, services or anything of value (or the promise of something valuable) where one or more parties benefit from the exchange.
Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking– The commercial exploitation of American children within the borders of the US.
Survival Sex- The exchange of sex acts to meet basic needs, i.e. food, clothing, shelter, drugs, or money. Survival sex is common among homeless youth.پس از اینکه خانواده اش به طرز وحشیانه ای به قتل رسیدند و خواهرش به یبه یک دیو تبدیل شد، سفر تانجیرو کمادو به عنوان یک آدم کش شیطان آغاز شد. تانژیرو و همرزمانش در مسیر ناامیدی ماموریت جدیدی را با قطر موگن آغاز می کند.
زیرنویس هماهنگ با نسخه BluRay اضافه شد.
نسخه ویژه ای از نمایش موزیکال برادوی، که در آن صاحب بودگا احساسات مختلفی در مورد بستن فروشگاه خود و بازنشستگی در جمهوری دومنیکن پس از به ارث بردن ثروت مادربزرگ دارد.
زیرنویس هماهنگ با نسخه BluRay اضافه شد.
"گروه بد" از گروه های نخبه و آزمایشی راه خود را از طریق یک کهکشان همیشه در حال تغییر بلافاصله پس از جنگ کلون باز می کنند.
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 16 فصل اول اضافه شد
اریک یک افسر زندان است که سعی می کند از افراد متهمش محافظت کند. وقتی یکی از خطرناک ترین زندانیان ضعف او را تشخیص می دهد، اریک با انتخاب غیرممکن بین اصول و عشق به خانواده روبرو می شود.
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 3 (آخر) فصل اول اضافه شد
سریالی جدید در دنیای مارول متمرکز بر روی شخصیت لوکی
زیرنویس فارسی قسمت 6 فصل اول اضافه شدad esempio... PRIMA
Ladies and Gentlemen, vi presento il Genio Grande. In questa foto lo potete vedere mentre esprime la sua esuberanza in un volo d'angelo fronte-onde, indossando costume e - non meno importante - i suoi adorati e costosissimi occhiali da sole di marca.
DOPO
Qui vedete lo stesso uomo dopo che un'onda di 15 metri (!) gli ha strappato di dosso il costume (ma quello l'ha ritirato su...) e i suddetti occhiali, che ora probabilmente vagano al largo del Senegal come una bottiglia senza nessun messaggio dentro. Gli occhialetti gialli supertruzzi sono ovviamente una mia idea!!Trapianto di faccia da record negli Stati Uniti: è il più esteso mai effettuato. L’Università del Meryland, a Baltimora, ha annunciato di aver trapiantato tessuti facciali, denti, lingua e mandibola su un uomo di 37 anni, Richard Lee Norris, rimasto ferito durante una sparatoria nel 1997. L’intervento, durato 36 ore, non è stato solo ricostruttivo ma anche estetico.
“Il nostro obiettivo era quello di ripristinare non solo le funzionalità ma anche di creare un aspetto gradevole”, ha spiegato in una nota Eduardo D. Rodrigez, capo dell’equipe di medici che ha effettuato il trapianto il 19 e 20 marzo scorsi. Sono stati oltre 150 gli infermieri coinvolti. Il paziente aveva perso labbra, naso e molta della funzionalità della bocca. Negli ultimi 15 anni era stato sottoposto a diversi interventi.There are also other alternatives for transportation fuel. Various chemical processes can convert the carbon and hydrogen in coal, natural gas, plant and animal biomass, and organic wastes into short hydrocarbons suitable as transportation fuels. Examples of such fuels
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状，但内容物较为熟，蛋白质含量≥1.0%，这类产品是牛奶煮沸、糖、香精、酸味剂或发酵剂做成的，叫酸乳饮料或乳酸菌饮料，就无法叫酸奶，对人体没额外的益处。必须警告的是，某些酸奶中蛋白质和脂肪含量相比之下低于普通酸奶，大多是因为特了奶油和乳清蛋白，其热量较高，必须掌控体重的人慎买。
15.超强市里外国进口的长保质期酸奶，比国产酸奶好吗？问：宽保质期的酸奶认同是经过冷却杀死过菌的，其中的乳酸菌也认同早已死光了。一般来说，国产冷藏的酸奶都是不含活菌的。当然，杀菌酸奶也具备一定的营养价值，但保健价值不会折扣，相比较而言，带上大量活菌的酸奶更加有一点引荐。：雷竞技reybet-raybet雷电竞官网。
本文来源：雷竞技reybet-raybet雷电竞官网-www.sansomkabob.com-
SoC设计与应用技术领导厂商Socionext Inc.(以下“Socionext”)宣布，成功开发了一款基于Amazon Web
Services(以下“AWS”)的高速、高画质视频编码器“H.264 Encoder on AWS”。视频分发服务商可通过“H.264 Encoder on
AWS”，可在不影响视频质量的情况下，大幅缩短视频从制作到交付周期约70%，有效控制成本的同时提高服务质量和视频内容数量。
“H.264 Encoder on AWS”是一款在AWS的Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud(Amazon
EC2)F1实例上运行的视频编码器，采用最常见的H.264编码标准，可满足视频分发服务所需的高质量压缩和高速处理。
AWS F1实例使用 FPGA 实现自定义硬件加速交付。H.264 Encoder on
AWS在F1实例上利用FPGA，为用户提供基于Socionext专有硬件编码器技术开发的加速器设备，完成软编码无法实现的高速、高画质视频压缩处理。此外，由于H.264
Encoder onAWS使用FFmpeg作为应用接口，因此视频分发服务提供商可以轻松地将其集成在现有的系统中使用。
System example with H.264 Encoder on AWS
作为视频编解码技术领导厂商，Socionext
将持续深耕技术领域，不断打破技术瓶颈，为客户提供更多、更高效的云视频编码解决方案，更具价值的服务体验。
时间：2020-10-12
关键词：
socionext
视频编码器
aws
-
AWS已宣布其Bottlerocket容器操作系统全面上市。 Bottlerocket是专门设计用于运行软件容器的开源Linux发行版。
该Linux发行版不仅设计为运行容器，使应用可以在多个计算环境中运行，而且还可以运行一系列其他工作负载，以支持大量用例所面临的组件难于管理的挑战。
据AWS介绍，开发Bottlerocket时，AWS舍弃许多标准Linux组件，只保留了运行基于容器的工作负载所需的组件，从而创建了一个易于管理且更安全的操作系统。因为Bottlerocket采用精简的代码库，来减少潜在的系统弱点，从而提升了安全性。
比如，AWS还采取了许多其他防护措施来帮助系统阻止威胁。AWS的工程师用Rust语言编写了Bottlerocket的大部分内容，与主要编写Linux内核的C语言相比，它不容易发生缓冲区溢出漏洞。
此外，AWS还增强了Bottlerocket抵抗持久性威胁的能力。持久性威胁(也称为持久性恶意软件)是一种恶意程序，可以获取对操作系统关键组件的访问权并利用这些组件隐藏其踪迹。
据介绍，Bottlerocket通过使用一种名为dm-verity的Linux内核特性来降低这种攻击的风险。该功能可以检测操作系统的某些部分，可能在未经许可的情况下被修改，这是一种发现隐藏的持久性威胁的可靠方法。
AWS表示，Bottlerocket还实施了一种操作模式，通过阻止管理人员连接到生产服务器，进一步提高了安全性，管理员账户通常可以广泛访问云实例，这使他们成为黑客的目标。登录到单个Bottlerocket实例的行为是为了高级调试和故障排除而进行的一种不常见的操作。
Bottlerocket的另一个目标是简化操作系统更新，从而简化容器的运行。将操作系统更改部署到运行任务关键型应用程序的容器环境是有风险的，因为rollout的问题可能导致停机。考虑到这一点，AWS在Bottlerocket中建立了一个名为原子更新(atomic
updates)的功能，该功能允许管理员在操作系统更改导致错误时安全地撤销更改。
目前，Bottlerocket已经在Github开源，包括标准的开源代码组件，如Linux内核，容器化容器运行时等。还有所有设计文档，代码，构建工具，测试和文档都托管在GitHub上。
时间：2020-09-08
关键词：
Linux
容器
aws
-
AWS宣布推出一项新服务，这项服务可以让用户使用量子计算模拟器并进行实验，还可以从D-Wave、IonQ和Rigetti访问量子硬件。
AWS在有关服务的一份声明中说，托管服务Amazon Braket为客户提供了一个开发环境，在该环境中，他们可以探索和构建量子算法，在量子电路模拟器上对其进行测试，并在不同的量子硬件技术上运行它们。Braket服务包括预装了Amazon Braket SDK和示例教程的Jupyter笔记本。
根据AWS的说法，Braket提供了对完全托管的高性能量子电路仿真器的访问，该仿真器使用户可以使用单行代码来测试和验证电路。此外，作为本地AWS服务，可以通过AWS管理控制台管理Braket。
这个服务是以量子力学braket中的标准符号命名的，它是由保罗·狄拉克在1939年提出的，用来描述量子系统的状态，也被称为狄拉克符号。
AWS表示说：“量子计算有潜力解决经典计算机无法解决的计算问题，它利用量子力学定律以新的方式处理信息。这种计算方法可以改变化学工程、材料科学、药物发现、金融投资组合优化和机器学习等领域。但是，定义这些问题并编程量子计算机来解决它们需要新的技能，如果不方便使用量子计算硬件，这些技能很难获得。”
在有关Braket的博客中，AWS首席传播者Jeff Barr表示，客户应注意一些有关Braket的事情：
· 量子计算是一个新兴领域。“尽管你们中有些人已经是专家，但是我们其余的人需要一些时间来理解概念和技术，并弄清楚如何使用它们。”
· 通过Amazon Braket访问的[量子处理单元] QPU支持两种不同的范例。IonQ和Rigetti QPU和仿真器支持基于电路的量子计算，而D-Wave QPU支持量子退火。您不能在支持另一个QPU的QPU上运行为一个范例设计的问题，因此您需要尽早选择适当的QPU。
· 每个任务将产生针对每个任务的费用以及针对所使用的QPU类型的特定的每次拍摄费用。使用模拟器会产生按小时计费的费用，按秒计费，最少15秒。有关更多信息，请查看 Amazon Braket定价。
推出Amazon Braket之前，IBM，Microsoft，QC Ware， 谷歌，霍尼韦尔和其他正在发展中的市场也推出了类似的量子服务。例如，Tractica的研究人员预测，到2030年，企业量子计算市场的年总收入将达到91亿美元，高于2018年的1.116亿美元。模拟复杂数据，提高效率或优化系统或过程，并更精确地解决问题。”
Gartner称量子计算是未来五年内最具潜力的颠覆性技术之一，它指出量子计算机的并行执行和指数可扩展性意味着它们能够克服传统方法过于复杂的问题，或者传统算法需要太长时间才能找到的问题一个办法。汽车，金融，保险，制药，军事和研究等行业受益于量子计算的进步。Gartner表示，大多数组织应该了解并监督2022年之前的质量控制，并可能从2023年或2025年开始使用它。
时间：2020-09-08
关键词：
量子计算
amazon
aws
-
Bottlerocket并不是第一个被简化为最高效容器的操作系统。
但是，由于它与行业领先的公共云本机服务紧密集成，因此可以快速采用它并创造大量的合作机会。 以及创新的安全功能和升级。
“我们是运行容器化工作负载的客户的最大目的地之一，”领导AWS开源工作的Peder
Ulander告诉CRN。其中包括企业自我管理协调器(如Kubernetes或Docker Swarm)，或选择托管的AWS容器服务Amazon Elastic
Kubernetes Services(EKS)和Amazon Elastic Container Services(ECS)。
尽管该项目由亚马逊牵头，并专注于亚马逊的云，但Bottlerocket是开源的，可以部署在任何地方：本地，任何竞争性公共云，网络边缘，甚至是非容器化环境(例如AWS
EC2实例)乌兰德说。
Bottlerocket已在Beta预览版中发布了大约三个月，并且在那时，AWS的大多数公认容器客户都已在一定程度上部署了它。Ulander说，在内部，Amazon
SageMaker背后的团队也一直与Bottlerocket开发人员密切合作，以优化AWS机器学习平台。
Kasten产品负责人Gaurav Rishi说，新的操作系统为亚马逊的技术和渠道合作伙伴创造了巨大的机会。
Rishi表示：“这对渠道商来说是个好消息，因为这不仅强调了供应商正在加倍进行与容器相关的创新，而且这些创新还可以帮助客户简化操作，以实现云原生世界中的业务连续性。”
CRN。
减肥的好处
Ulander说：“ Bottlerocket是一种精简版Linux，已针对运行您的容器主机进行了优化。”
AWS及其在GitHub上培育的开发者社区已经淘汰了支持容器部署所需的Linux内核功能;精简的OS可以创建较小的攻击面，从而提高安全性，并减小安装空间，从而降低资源利用率和成本。
Kasten产品负责人Rishi表示，Bottlerocket的效率，安全性和成本优化将鼓励更多企业进行云转型。
Rishi告诉CRN：“随着容器和Kubernetes的普及，云原生技术为渠道生态系统中的合作伙伴和其他合作者带来了重大机遇。”
他说，Bottlerocket“打开了一个全新的世界，更多的公司可以利用云原生功能来推动巨大的销售机会。”
AWS在实现向现代体系结构转变的过程中发挥了基础性作用，并且云领导者一直在与Kasten等合作伙伴合作，以刺激对尖端解决方案的更多投资，这些尖端解决方案可确保部署后的平稳运行(第2天管理和安全性)，实现无缝业务连续性。
“火箭是这些创新进步之一，” Rishi说。
轻量级Linux环境
Bottlerocket的开发是受用于构建Amazon Linux的类似逻辑激励的，该逻辑利用了围绕安全性，编排和监视的本机AWS功能。
“这是那种东西的一种还原，”乌兰德说。
但是Bottlerocket并不是第一个为容器构建的Linux。
RedOS于2018年收购的CoreOS是该类别的先驱，其他选项包括Alpine，RancherOS和Talos。
乌兰德说，这些都是好产品。
他说，使Bottlerocket脱颖而出的原因在于，它具有加入本机AWS托管容器服务(EKS和ECS)的能力。
“德克萨斯州奥斯汀的AWS渠道合作伙伴Flux7(NTT DATA)的解决方案架构师布雷迪汤普森(Brady
Thompson)说：“类似的容器操作系统和Bottlerocket之间的区别在于，亚马逊已经对其进行了优化，使其可以在AWS上执行并与其他AWS服务集成。公司。
汤普森说，还有其他差异，尤其是在安全性和可升级性方面。
汤普森告诉CRN USA，其他轻量级Linux发行版“都非常少，这意味着它们将仅附带运行容器所需的绝对软件。”
本机AWS集成
Ulander告诉CRN USA：“与AWS服务集成是使它与众不同的原因，并且可能是为什么有人希望这与CoreOS或Alpine无关的原因。”
Bottlerocket是为EKS和ECS提供动力的。但这不是必须的，这两个AWS本地托管容器服务的用户仍然可以选择操作系统。
Ulander期望一些客户希望继续使用其他Linux版本，例如CentOS。
但是他鼓励现在运行带有这些托管容器服务的Amazon Linux的大多数AWS客户迁移到Bottlerocket。
“谁不想要更好的安全性，更好的速度和更低的价格，”乌兰德说。
他说，AWS越能减轻资源负载，那些分布式应用程序的性能就越好。
“最终，它是一个容器主机，没有运行您的应用程序，” Ulander告诉CRN。“这不会破坏您作为开发人员的应用程序，但会破坏您的体验。”
同时，尽管Bottlerocket是由AWS领导并与Amazon的云集成的一项工作，但它可以部署在大多数计算环境中。
“这是Linux发行版。在另一个不同的云中，您仍然需要选择您的容器主
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akışlarda aynı kalır. Tam skala (FS) her zaman kalibre edilmiş aralıktan (CS) daha büyük bir miktardır,% FS performansına sahip bir sensör daima aynı% CS spesifikasyonuna sahip olanlardan daha büyük bir hataya sahiptir. Bu nedenle, tüm teklifleri oldukça karşılaştırmak için, teklif edilen tüm hata tablolarını aynı% AR birimlerine dönüştürmeniz önerilir.
İyi hazırlanmış debimetre spesifikasyonlarında, tüm doğruluk ifadeleri tekdüze% AR birimlerine dönüştürülür ve bu% AR gereksinimleri minimum, normal ve maksimum akışlar için ayrı ayrı belirtilir. Tüm debimetre spesifikasyonları ve teklifleri, sayacın minimum, normal ve maksimum akışlarındaki doğruluğunu ve tekrarlanabilirliğini açık bir şekilde belirtmelidir.
Doğruluk ve Tekrarlanabilirlik
Kabul edilebilir ölçüm performansı, iki farklı akış ölçer kategorisinden elde edilebilirse ve birinde hareketli parça yoksa, hareketli parçaları seçmeyin. Hareketli parçalar, aşınmanın, yağlanmanın ve kaplamaya duyarlılığın bariz nedenlerinden ötürü değil, aynı zamanda hareketli parçaların bazen ölçülen akışa "kayma" getiren açıklık alanlarına ihtiyaç duyması nedeniyle potansiyel bir sorun kaynağıdır. İyi korunmuş ve kalibre edilmiş sayaçlarla bile, bu ölçülmemiş akışkan viskozitesi ve sıcaklığındaki değişikliklerle değişir. Sıcaklık değişiklikleri de sayacın iç boyutlarını değiştirir ve telafi gerektirir.
Dahası, hem bir tam debimetre hem de bir nokta sensöründen aynı performansı elde edebiliyorsanız, genellikle debimetrenin kullanılması önerilir. Nokta sensörleri tam akışa bakmadığından, akış hızının boru boyunca hız profilinin ortalamasının olduğu bir derinliğe yerleştirilirse doğru şekilde okurlar. Bu nokta kalibrasyon sırasında dikkatlice belirlenmiş olsa bile, hız profilleri akış oranı, viskozite, sıcaklık ve diğer faktörlerle değiştiğinden, değişmeden kalması muhtemel değildir.
Kütle veya Hacimsel Birimler
Bir debi ölçer belirlemeden önce, akış bilgisinin kütle veya hacimsel birimlerde sunulması durumunda daha yararlı olup olmayacağını belirlemek de önerilir. Sıkıştırılabilir malzemelerin akışını ölçerken yoğunluk (bazen viskozite) sabit olmadığı sürece hacimsel akış anlamlı değildir. Sıkıştırılamaz sıvıların hızı (hacimsel akış) ölçülürse, askıdaki kabarcıkların varlığı hata yaratacaktır; bu nedenle, hava ve gaz, akışkan madde metrelere ulaşmadan önce çıkarılmalıdır. Diğer hız sensörlerinde boru astarları problemlere (ultrasonik) neden olabilir veya Reynold sayısı çok düşükse (vorteks dökme sayaçlarında RD> 20.000 gereklidir) sayacın çalışması durabilir.
Bu hususlar göz önüne alındığında, yoğunluk, basınç ve viskozite değişimlerine duyarsız olan ve Reynolds sayısındaki değişikliklerden etkilenmeyen kütle akış sayaçları akılda tutulmalıdır. Kısmen dolu borulardaki akışı ölçebilen ve büyük yüzen veya oturabilir katıları geçebilen çeşitli kanallar da kimyasal endüstride yeterince kullanılmamaktadır.
Akış ölçer ve debimetre seçiminde er türlü sorunuzu yanıtlamak ve doğru ürün seçimine yönlendirmek en önemli görevlerimizden biridir. Mühendislerimizden destek almak için irtibata geçmeniz yeterlidir.The war in the Pacific was essentially a maritime war.
It was on the sea that Japan depended for materials to sustain her; via the sea she launched her aggressions, and the first attack was intended to destroy the nucleus of the U.S. Fleet at Pearl Harbor. The vital core of the American military effort was the contest for control of the seas, from which all the other operations-at sea, amphibious, on land, or in the air- branched and received their support.
As the Japanese drove south to seize territory in the Philippines, Southeast Asia and Indonesia, the few United States and Allied warships available offered valiant resistance against overwhelming odds. A carrier task force closed Japan and launched Army aircraft on first strike against the home islands. It was carrier actions in the Battle of the Coral Sea which caused the Japanese invasion force to turn back from its goals of Port Moresby and southeast New Guinea.
A month later the decisive Battle of Midway provided the turning point in the war. In the amphibious assault and defense of Guadalcanal, at sea and ashore, the advance of Japan into the South Pacific was halted. Step-by-step amphibious operations were launched from the South Pacific Area and westward through the mid-Pacific by Admiral Nimitz, and northward from the Southwest Pacific by joint forces under General MacArthur.
New concepts and techniques in mobile logistic support and underway replenishment made a high tempo of sustained operations possible. U.S. submarines took a heavy toll of Japan's warships and devastated the merchant marine, thereby servering her lifeline.
The capture of the Marianas, and later Iwo Jima, provided fixed bases for air attacks against Japan, and the Fifth Fleet drastically reduced the power of Japanese aviation in the Battle of the Philippine Sea. Operations around Leyte destroyed much of the remaining enemy surface fleet as the recapture of the Philippines began.
At Okinawa the fleet faced and survived the fanatic attacks of Kamikazes. The isolation of Japan from the sea was made essentially complete by an intense mining campaign, and the final attacks on the remnants of the Japanese fleet.
The end came quickly after the atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan surrendered on board USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, 2 September 1945. The situation in China and other areas required that the U.S. Navy continue to operate in the Far East.
8 Silver and 3 Bronze Stars
1. Pearl Harbor-Midway
2. Wake Island
3. Philippine Islands operation
4. Netherlands East Indies engagements
5. Pacific raids (1942)
6. Coral Sea
8. Guadalcanal-Tulagi landings
9. Capture and defense of Guadalcanal
10. Makin raid
11. Eastern Solomons
12. Buin-Faisi-Tonolai raid
13. Cape Esperance
14. Santa Cruz Islands
15. Guadalcanal (Third Savo)
17. Eastern New Guinea operation
18. Rennel Island
19. Consolidation of Solomon Islands
20. Aleutians operation
21. New Georgia Group operation
22. Bismarck Archipelago operation
23. Pacific raids (1943)
24. Treasury-Bougainville operation
25. Gilbert Islands operation
26. Marshall Islands operation
27. Asiatic-Pacific raids (1944)
28. Western New Guinea operations
29. Marianas operation
30. Western Caroline Islands operation
31. Leyte operation
32. Luzon operation
33. Iwo Jima operation
34. Okinawa Gunto operation
35. Third Fleet operations against Japan
36. Kurile Islands operation
37. Borneo operations
38. Tinian capture and occupation
39. Consolidation of the Southern Philippines
40. Hollandia operation
41. Manila Bay-Bicol operations
42. Escort, antisubmarine, armed guard and special operations
43. Submarine War Patrols (Pacific)Pelosi Ailesi'nin San Francisco'daki evinde düzenlenen saldırıya ilişkin detayları paylaştı. Amerikan basınına konuşan ve adının açıklanmasını istemeyen yetkililer, 82 yaşındaki Paul Pelosi'nin hastanelik olmasıyla sonuçlanan saldırının hedef gözeterek yaptığını iddia ettiler. Saldırganın Paul Pelosi'ye vurmadan önce "Nancy nerede?" diye bağırdığı ortaya çıktı.
ABD Kongre Polisi ise Nancy Pelosi'nin saldırının olduğu anlarda başkent Washington DC'de olduğu ve yanında korumalarının bulunduğunu açıkladı Öte yandan, saldırganın bu eylemi siyasi amaçlı yapıp yapmadığına ilişkin soruşturma sürüyor.On 25 September, 1888, a delegation of Irish athletes arrived in New York City for an “American Invasion Tour” intended to raise money and promote awareness for the sports of the four-year-old Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA).
The New York Times reported that “50 stalwart young lads with remarkably well developed limbs sprang down the gangplank of the steamer Wisconsin … (carrying) blackthorn sticks and ‘hurling’ clubs in their hands … Their sticks commanded universal respect, and a big policeman eyed them with special interest …”
The visiting athletes were greeted by “many friends … and representatives from several Irish societies,” the Times reported. “Almost all trades and professions are represented among the young men.”
Their arrival coincided with a period of increased Irish immigration to America due to ongoing domestic agrarian unrest and political turmoil. These issues were now receiving extra scrutiny from a special commission that opened in London a few weeks earlier. American journalist William Henry Hurlbert also published a book about the “Irish problem” based on his travels in the country earlier that year. (See my “Ireland Under Coercion, Revisited” blog serial.)
“One of the main ideas considered by the founders of the GAA was the revival of the ancient Tailteann Games, An Aonach Tailteann,” the organization says in its online history. “However, terrible weather and infighting between the two athletic organisations in America resulted in low attendances and gate receipts.”
The GAA tour was to have included exhibitions in New York; Boston; Philadelphia; Trenton, Newark, and Patterson, New Jersey; Providence, Rhode Island; and Lowell, Massachusetts. But dates were cancelled and the tour ended in just five weeks. The GAA had to borrow money from agrarian activist Michael Davitt help the athletes return to Ireland. About half the young men decided to stay in America.
Two years ago, the diary kept team member Pat Davin, brother of GAA co-founder Maurice Davin, emerged in public and was put under auction, as reported by The Irish Times. In one passage the diarist complained about “very plain-looking” American women at a New York dance; in another, about the lack of strong drink at a Massachusetts banquet.
Davin’s dairy went unsold at the 2016 auction and remains in the hands of the private owner, said County Kilkenny-based Fonsie Mealy Auctioneers. A commemorative medal from the 1888 tour sold in May for about $2,200, slightly less than was paid for a similar medal eight years ago.
“Although the tour was deemed a failure in some regards, its overall cultural impact was noticeable and lasting,” according to Haverford College. “The tour was well received by Irish American communities in general and eventually resulted in the formation of several GAA branches.”
During his travels in Ireland, Hurlbert obtained a copy of the newly published Poems and Ballads of Young Ireland, which included “Marching Song of the Gaelic Athletes.” The poem by Irish nationalist Douglas Hyde later became the GAA anthem. It begins:
We, the numerous men of Eire,
Born beneath her pleasant skies,
To our gatherings on our mountains.
In our thousands we arise.
See the weapons on our shoulders,
Neither gun nor pike we bear,
But should Ireland call upon us
Ireland soon should find them there.Democrazia e liberalismo nella crisi americana
Nel secondo dopoguerra, e con la fine del New Deal Liberalism, il liberalismo negli Stati Uniti affronta una crisi e una trasformazione che sono cruciali per comprendere come cambia il concetto di democrazia e in che modo si riconfigura il rapporto tra Stato, lavoro e business. Una nuova concettualizzazione del potere sociale emerge per pensare e affrontare i conflitti che esplodono negli anni Sessanta. All’interno del convegno verranno discussi alcuni temi, concetti e correnti del pensiero politico statunitense per comprendere il processo che porta all’avvento del neoconservatorismo e che cambia anche il modo di concepire la pianificazione sociale e il ruolo dello Stato.There is a common confusion between two terms commonly used in forestry: Selective cutting and selection cutting. While the two terms are often used interchangeably (usually by laymen), they couldn’t be more different. Selective cutting is a non-specific description of partial harvesting that usually refers to high-grading or other destructive harvesting practices. Selection cutting, however, is a legitimate and proven method of sustainable and responsible harvesting that can generate excellent returns for the landowner over time. The confusion is extremely unfortunate, as the two terms potentially represent entirely different methods of harvesting and silviculture with a potentially catastrophic difference in outcomes, so here we will discuss the difference so you know what to watch out for and what questions to ask.
The first thing to understand about selective cutting is that it does not exist. The term will never be used by a professional forester, and if you were to scan a library of literature on forest management, you would not find the term. Rather, it is a laymen’s term that describes a harvest that is anything other than clearcutting. The problem is that there is an extremely wide range of silvicultural systems that aren’t clearcutting, and we have an article on those systems if you want to learn more. So when someone uses the term “selective cutting,” the question is what type of harvesting they are actually referring to, and most of the time, it is used as a nice word to sugar coat two dangerous types of harvesting: High grading and diameter-limit cutting.
High grading can be described simply as cutting the best and leaving the best. It is when a logger only removes the highest value stems and leaves the low-quality growth standing. While this can generate a lot of quick profit for the landowner (and sometimes logger), it is disastrous for the long-term value and production of the land. When all the high-value stems are removed, the only remaining stems will be low value, and thus all subsequent growth will be low value. Moreover, the only trees left to spread seed for the next generation will be low value, ensuring bleak prospects for the future of the forest.
If a forest has been high graded, it is not an exaggeration in many cases to say that it has been destroyed. Any reparation that is made to the land after such a harvest (such as planting) will come at a great expense, greatly reducing potential returns for an outcome that otherwise could have been produced at a much lower cost
Diameter-limit cutting is similar to high grading, but it is more subtle. Strictly speaking, a diameter-limit cut seeks to remove all trees above a certain diameter. While that is marginally better than outright high-grading, the effects over time are identical. The fact that a tree has reached a certain diameter does not mean it needs to be cut. If a tree is high value, any future growth is going to be high value as well, so these are potentially the most productive trees financially. Cutting them pre-maturely simply because they reached an arbitrary diameter robs yourself of a great deal of future value.
To really understand the effect this can have, watch this video where I show how much of a difference a few years of growth can make in a tree’s value.
Similarly, one robs themselves of future value by not cutting below an arbitrary diameter threshold. If a young tree is a low value species or of poor quality, it will never become a high-value tree. And as that tree grows, all it does is take away resources (mostly light and space) from other higher-value species and individuals. Even though these trees are not worth much money, leaving the tree standing potentially limits more valuable growth.
In contrast to “selective” cutting, selection cutting is a legitimate form of timber harvesting based on sound silvicultural principles.
In a selection harvest, individual trees or groups of trees are removed from a forest stand in a series of partial harvests, allowing the remaining trees to continue to grow and produce timber. The goal of selection cutting is to create a diverse, multi-aged forest with a continuous supply of timber while also promoting the growth and regeneration of desirable tree species and individuals with superior quality. You can see a hypothetical progression of a selection cut in the diagram below.
Unlike “selective cutting” in a selection harvest, every tree is assessed on its own merits. Silviculturists assess trees based on their growth rate, quality, surrounding competition, and of course species. Trees are removed from every age class. From older cohorts, the overmature individuals are harvested, so to provide a return for the landowner and allow the next generation to grow. From younger cohorts, undesirable species and poor quality individuals are removed so to improve the value, quality, and composition of the forest. One could think of this harvest as combining elements of thinning and shelterwood establishment cuts and integrating them over a series of harvests. Of course, there is a lot of variability in the types of selection harvests and the exact prescription, as these are tailored to the forest itself.
With these crucial differences, the outcome of a selection harvest is far superior. Properly executed, the harvest will yield the landowner a good return while also improving the long-term health, value, and sustainability of their forest.
When You Hear “Selective Cutting,” Ask for Clarification
While at first, differentiating between a selection cut and a selective cut may seem like a quibble, it is anything but! The difference for your land between the two harvesting outcomes could not be more different. That said, the fact is that these two terms can be used interchangeably, especially by people who do not have an academic background in forestry. For example, a skilled logger who takes great pride in his work and successfully implements selection harvests (or partial harvests in general) may refer to it as “selective” cutting. It doesn’t mean he wants to destroy your land, only that he is not particular in his language.
Thus, it is a good idea to ask for clarification whenever you hear the term. Ask what types of trees will be removed, what types will be retained, and what the stand will look like when it is completed. However, I think one question will really answer all the questions you can have: How will
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yoluyla yayılır ve nadiren ölümcüldür.
Biden’in baş tıbbi danışmanı Anthony Fauci Perşembe günü Reuters’e, salgını dizginleme çabalarının bir parçası olarak eşcinsel topluluğundan liderleri dahil etmenin kritik olduğunu söyledi, ancak yaşam tarzını damgalamaya karşı uyardı.
Fauci, “Topluluğun katılımının her zaman başarılı olduğu kanıtlanmıştır.” Dedi.
(REUTERS)
Kaynak : https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20220804-us-declares-monkeypox-outbreak-a-public-health-emergency|Long title||A Statute of our Lord The King, concerning the Selling and Buying of Land.|
|Citation||18 Edw 1 c 1|
|Repealed by||Charities Act 1960|
|Revised text of statute as amended|
Quia Emptores is a statute passed in the reign of Edward I of England in 1290 that prevented tenants from alienating their lands to others by subinfeudation, instead requiring all tenants who wished to alienate their land to do so by substitution. The statute, along with its companion statute of Quo Warranto, was intended to remedy land ownership disputes and consequent financial difficulties that had resulted from the decline of the traditional feudal system during the High Middle Ages.
By effectively ending the practice of subinfeudation, Quia Emptores hastened the end of feudalism in England, which had already been on the decline for quite some time. Direct feudal obligations were increasingly being replaced by cash rents and outright sales of land which gave rise to the practice of livery and maintenance or bastard feudalism, the retention and control by the nobility of land, money, soldiers and servants via direct salaries, land sales and rent payments. This would later develop into one of the underlying causes of the Wars of the Roses, the English civil wars fought by the House of York and House of Lancaster for control of the English Crown from 1455 to 1485. By the mid-fifteenth century the major nobility, particularly the Houses of York and Lancaster, were able to assemble vast estates, considerable sums of money and large private armies on retainer through post-Quia Emptores land management practices and direct sales of land. The two noble Houses thus grew more powerful than the Crown itself, with the consequent wars between them for control of the realm.
- 1 Background
- 2 The statute
- 3 Later history by jurisdiction
- 4 See also
- 5 Notes
- 6 References
- 7 External links
Prior to the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, in the Anglo-Saxon era the law of land succession was customary. Land or folkland, as it was called, was held in allodial title by the group, meaning the group held the land. It was probably of little relevance when the titular head of the clan or family died. Traditional lands continued to be held in community by the group. The exact nature of allodialism as it existed in Anglo-Saxon England has been debated, but to no definitive end. On one side, it has been argued in the mark system, that Saxon allodialism was a highly idealistic socialist state. Countering this utopian view was Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges in his essay "The Origins of Property in Land", and Frederic William Maitland who found it to be inconsistent with extant Anglo-Saxon documents from pre-Norman times.
After the Norman Conquest, the rule became one of primogeniture inheritance, meaning the eldest surviving son became the sole heir of the baronial estate. The intent of primogeniture inheritance was to keep large land holdings in the hands of a relatively few, trustworthy lords. The other sons could be accommodated by becoming under-lords to the surviving heir. The eldest would accept the younger brothers “in homage” in return for their allegiance. This was a process called subinfeudation. Even commoners could subinfeudate to their social inferiors. Large pieces of land were given to the great lords by the Norman Crown. Land title under William was a life tenure, meaning the land would pass back to the Crown upon the death of the lord. These lands were then subinfeudated to lesser lords. Landholdings in England were of this pattern: large land grants issued to the great lords by the Crown. These were divided up among the younger sons, who then subinfeudated to lesser lords and commoners. These in turn "accepted in homage" their lessers who held even smaller parcels of land. Determining who owed what feudal incidences filled the court dockets for generations. With the passage of time, land tenures came to be inherited by the survivors of the great lords upon their deaths. Accompanying the Norman change in inheritance was a recognition of the ability of even the lowest of landholders the right of inheritance. In the 12th century, this custom was extended to the commoners. It was discovered that granting an interest in the passage of land to their children, commoners would tend the land with greater economy. The children of tenants were assured their inheritance in the land. This also meant, as a practicality, the land could be sold or bequeathed to the Church. The ancient method of the Normans was a grant to the Church in frankalmoin.
In English law after the Conquest, the lord remained a grantor after the grant of an estate in fee-simple. There was no land in England without its lord: "Nulle terre sans seigneur" was the feudal maxim. These grants were in turn subject to subinfeudation. The principal incidents of a seignory were an oath of fealty, a quit or chief rent; a relief of one year's quit rent, and the right of escheat. In return, for these privileges the lord was liable to forfeit his rights if he neglected to protect and defend the tenant or did anything injurious to the feudal relation.
The word "fee" is associated with the Norman feudal system and is in contradistinction to the Anglo-Saxon allodial system.
At the time of the Conquest, William I of England granted fiefs to his lords in the manner of a continental or feudal benefice which assured little beyond a life tenure. The English charters were careful to avoid saying the donee was to take the estate for life, or whether the heir was to have any rights. At this time, there is abundant evidence that lords refused to regrant on any terms to the deceased tenant's heirs; the deed phrase "to [A] and his heirs and assigns" is the product of efforts by purchasers to preserve such rights on behalf of those who might inherit or purchase the land from them. The practice of demanding a monetary payment for regranting of tenancy to the heirs quickly became the norm.
If any of my earls, barons or other tenants in chief die, his heir shall not redeem his land as he did in the time of my brother (i.e. William II of England), but shall take it up with a just and lawful relief. The men of my barons shall take up (relevabunt) their lands from their lords with a just and lawful relief.
Relief later was set at a rate per fee in the Magna Carta. By the time of Bracton, it was settled law that the word "fee" connoted inheritability and the maximum of legal ownership.
Magna Carta and the Great Charter of 1217
The Magna Carta of 1215 gave little mention of the rights of alienation. It contained 60 chapters, and represented the extreme form of baronial demands. John managed to receive a bull from Pope Innocent III annulling the Magna Carta. Magna Carta was effective law for about nine weeks. King John of England died shortly after that in 1216. The council which ruled in the name of the infant Henry III of England re-issued the charter in 1216, this time with papal assent. It was very much modified in favor of the Crown. The third Great Charter in 1217 is the first document of a legislative kind that expressly mentioned any restraint of alienation in favor of the lord. It says: “No free man shall henceforth give or sell so much of his land as that out of the residue he may not sufficiently do to the lord of the fee the service which pertains to that fee.”
It was determined during the minority rule of Henry III that the Crown should not be limited, hence the compromises seen in the Charters of 1216 and 1217. In 1225, Henry III came of age, and a fourth Great Charter was issued, which varied only slightly from the third Charter. The charter deals with Land Law in Chapters 7,32 and 36. The rights of widows were protected and landowners were forbidden to alienate so much of their land that the lord of the fee suffered detriment. Collusive gifts to the Church (which were frequently made in order to evade feudal service) were forbidden. Coke interprets this as though its only effect was to make the excessive gift voidable by the donor’s heir. It certainly could not be voided by the donor’s lord. This opinion was reiterated by Bracton.
Alienation by serfs and peasants
The use of land by tenants (serfs and peasants) was more difficult. Some families stayed on the land for generations. When the nominal head of the family died, it was usually of little consequence to the lord, or the owners of the title to the land. The practice of socage whereby the peasants pledged a payment (either in agricultural goods or money) for the privilege to inhabit and farm the land became the standard practice. After the payment, the peasant was considered "soked", that is, paid in full.
It was discovered that agricultural land would be more economically tended if the peasants were assured an inheritance of the land to their descendants. This right to inherit was quickly followed by the right to alienation, i.e. the right to sell the inheritance to an outside party.
Disputes arose when a family member wanted to leave inherited land to the Church, or wanted to sell the land to a third party. Questions concerning the rights of the overlord and the other family members were frequently heard in the courts prior to Quia Emptores. In general, it was held that a donor should pay the other parties who had an interest to give them relief. However, the results were haphazard and the rulings of various courts were patchwork, and there was little established stare decisis from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. This difficulty is illustrated in statements made by Ranulf de Glanvill (died 1190), the chief Justiciar of Henry II:
Every freeman, therefore, who holds land can give a certain part in marriage with his daughter or any other woman whether he has an heir or not, and whether the heir is willing or not, and even against the opposition and claim of such an heir. Every man, moreover, can give a certain part of his free tenement to whomsoever he will as a reward to his service, or in charity to a religious place, in such wise that if seisin has followed upon the gift it shall remain perpetually to the donee and his heirs if it were granted by hereditary right. But if seisin did not follow upon the gift it cannot be maintained after the donor's death against the will of the heir, for it is to be construed rather than a true promise of a gift. It is moreover generally lawful for a man to give during his lifetime a reasonable part of his land to whomsoever he will according to his fancy, but this does not apply to deathbed gifts, for the donor might then, (if such gifts were allowed) make an improvident distribution of his patrimony as a result of a sudden passion or failing reason, as frequently happens. However, a gift made to anyone in a last will can be sustained if it was made with the consent of the heir and confirmed by him.
It has been commented that this illustrates a desire in Glanvill's time to formalize the practices of the day, in which someone having a tenancy could dispose of his land before death. While several problems were addressed (land given in marriage, land given on a whim, or on a death bed), the rules were still vague, when compared to similar cases in contemporaneous France. In the latter, strict rules had arisen defining exact amounts which could be allotted in situations such as "alienation of one-third, or alienation of one-half" of a patrimony or conquest. Glanvill is imprecise, using terms such as "a reasonable amount" and "a certain part".
The issue of alienation of serjeanty had been settled long before Quia Emptores. In 1198 the itinerant justices were directed to make an inquiry into the nature of the King's serjeanties. This was repeated in 1205 by King John who ordered the seizure of all Lancaster serjeanties, thegnages and dregnages that had been alienated since the time of Henry II of England. These could not be alienated without a royal license. The Charter of 1217 reaffirmed this doctrine. Henry III of England issued an important ordinance in 1256. In it the King asserted that it was an intolerable invasion of royal rights that men should without his special consent, enter by way of purchase or otherwise, the baronies and fees that were holden to him in chief. Anyone who defied the decree was subject to seizure by the sheriff. Later case law indicates jurists remained largely ignorant of this decree, which suggests the Crown was reluctant to enforce it.
It became common practice to subinfeudate to the younger sons. There are cases from the time, in which a writ of the court was granted demanding that the eldest, inheriting son be forced to "accept in homage" the younger sons as a way of enforcing their subinfeudation. As there had been no survey of land titles since the Domesday Book over 200 years earlier, outright title to land had become seriously clouded in many cases and was often in dispute. The whole feudal structure was a patchwork of smaller land holders. Although the history of the major landholding lords is fairly well recorded, the nature of the smaller landholders has been difficult to reconstruct.
Some direction toward order had been laid down in the Magna Carta, the Provisions of Oxford, and in the scanty legislation of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. Edward I set about to rationalize and modernize the law during his thirty-five year reign. The first period, from 1272–90 consisted of the enactment of Statute of Westminster 1275 (1275) and the Statute of Gloucester (1278), and the incorporation of recently conquered Wales into the realm. These were followed by the Statute Quo Warranto and the Statute of Mortmain (1279). The latter was designed to stop the increasing amount of lands which were ending up in Church ownership. The Statute of Westminster 1285 (1285) contained the clause De Donis Conditionalibus which shaped the system of entailing estates. The Statute of Winchester was passed in 1285. This was followed by the Statute Quia Emptores (1290), which was only about 500 words in length.
Alienation prior to the Statute Quia Emptores
It is the opinion of Pollock and Maitland that in the middle of the 13th century the tenant enjoyed a large power of disposing of his tenement by act inter vivos, though this was subject to some restraints in favor of his lord. Other opinions have been expressed. Coke regarded the English tradition as one of ancient liberty dictated by custom. The tenant had relative freedom to alienate all or part of his estate. Blackstone was of a differing conclusion. The “learning of feuds” started with the inalienability of the fief as a starting point. Gradually, the powers of the tenant grew at the expense of the lord. Pollock and Maitland believe Coke’s opinion to be the more valid one. Both views may have been true. Modern scholars may have given more weight to the written and declared law of the Normans than existed in reality.
For some time, two kinds of alienation had been occurring. These were “substitution” and “subinfeudation”. In substitution, the tenant would alienate his land, and the attendant duties owed to the lord. After alienation, the tenant expected nothing from the new tenant, other than the price of the alienation. In subinfeudation, the new tenant would become a serf owing feudal duties to the person who alienated. The previous tenant would become the lord to the new tenant. Both these practices had the effect of denying the great lord of the land his rights of feudal estate. The bond of homage was between lord and servant. It was difficult for the medieval mind to think of this in any terms other than as a personal bond. The idea that a feudal bond could be bought or sold was repugnant to the ruling class. All the same, the practice of alienation of rights to the land had been going on in England for some centuries. A tenant who was accepted in homage by the lord could “subinfeudate” to one or more under tenants. It was difficult or impossible for the overlord to extract any services (such as knight service, rent, homage) from the new tenants. They had no bond to the overlord. Pollock and Maitland give the following example: In the case of subinfeudation, the old tenant was liable for services to the lord. If A enfoeffed to B to hold a knight's service, and then B enfoeffed C to hold as a rent of a pound of pepper per year; B dies leaving an heir within age; A is entitled to a wardship; but it will be worth very little: instead of being entitled to enjoy the land itself until the heir is of age, he will get a few annual pounds of pepper. Instead of enjoying the land by escheat, he will only receive a trifling rent. The Statute Quia Emptores, 1290 ended all subinfeudation and made all alienation complete. Once a sale of land was made, the new owner was responsible for all feudal incidents.
Glanvill on alienation
Glanvill gives no indication that a tenant needed the lord’s consent to alienate his rights to land. He does speak at length of the rights of expectant heirs, and this should cause some restraints on alienation. He also says the rights of the lord must be considered. It can be inferred from Glanvill that no substitution could occur without the consent of the lord.
Bracton on alienation
Bracton gives several examples of escheat occurring by a mesne lord (middle lord in the feudal structure): A en
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seeds are genetic packages, it is perhaps unsurprising that a battle erupted when some of these farmers started growing genetically engineered sugar beets a few years ago. The beets have a new gene, created in the laboratory, which allows them to tolerate the weedkiller Roundup.
On one side of the battle is organic farmer Frank Morton, a relative newcomer to the Willamette Valley's farming community. He grew up in West Virginia, but moved to Oregon in the 1970s to go to college. "This valley is not big enough to have genetically engineered crops and normal crops growing together without cross contamination happening," he says.
On the other side is Tim Winn, who has lived and worked on the same farm his whole life, on the banks of the Willamette River just northeast of Corvallis. Winn says government scientists have concluded that there is nothing dangerous in the new gene, and thus no novel risk for Morton or his customers to worry about.
"We can invent a perceived risk in our mind; a lot of us do," Winn says. "And if the science doesn't support it, then it's not a risk. And I guess if [Morton] wants to stay in business with those customers, it would be in his interest to educate them."
The standoff between these two farmers raises a question: Can genetically engineered crops and organic farms can be good neighbors, no matter where they are grown?
Concerns Of Cross-Pollination
To understand why the tension exists, I visited the farm where Morton grows his organic seeds: Gathering Together Farm, outside the town of Philomath. Morton takes me on a tour of the fields, showing off enclosures for growing vegetables in winter, piles of compost, and fields of cabbage, arugula, turnips and kale. We stop and get out at a field of chard.
This chard, Morton explains, is actually the same species as beets. They're all Beta vulgaris, the way black Labradors and golden retrievers are all dogs. So anyone growing these plants for seed has a special concern: windblown pollen.
Those different plants will cross-pollinate, so if you want to produce high-quality chard seed, you do not want beet pollen blowing into your field, either from a neighbor's field or from stray plants along a nearby road. And pollen can blow for miles.
As it happens, there's a sugar beet seed grower straight across the fields a couple of miles away, Morton says. This has not, until now, become a problem.
"Apparently they aren't finding any of my red chard or golden chard seed in their sugar beets, and I'm not finding any of their genetics in mine. That I know of," Morton says. "There's always some question, and that's the problem — there's always some question."
The Willamette Valley Specialty Seed Association has a system for avoiding cross-pollination, and the approach is charmingly low-tech: just a map of the valley with a lot of pins stuck in it to show where each seed crop is planted. For farmers, it's first come, first served — if you "pin" a sugar beet field, nobody else is supposed to grow seed for Swiss chard within three miles.
George Burt, the former manager of the West Coast Beet Seed Co. in Salem, Ore., helped set up this system before he retired.
"You're really trying to minimize the risk," he says. "And you can get it down to the point where you're relatively sure that you're not hurting anybody else and nobody's hurting you."
But seed growers agree: It's almost impossible to guarantee that absolutely no cross-fertilization will ever happen.
Finding Common Ground
Organic grower Morton didn't worry about this until farmers in the valley started growing genetically engineered sugar beets. For him, those man-made genes are different and require different rules. Morton wants a guarantee that pollen from those genetically engineered beets will not fertilize his chard or red beets. If it did, he says, it would violate his organic principles — and it would destroy his business because his customers wouldn't buy his seeds anymore.
In fact, he says, just the possibility of contamination is starting to hurt.
"We think that buyers from overseas — organic seed companies — we think they have already started to avoid buying from us," he says.
So Morton, together with some environmental groups, went to court and won.
A federal judge banned the planting of "Roundup Ready" sugar beets until the USDA does an environmental impact study that examines the economic consequences of cross-pollination, especially for organic farmers. In a similar case, another judge demanded the same thing for genetically engineered alfalfa.
Listening to Morton and Winn, there doesn't seem to be an easy solution.
Morton says his business cannot survive the presence of genetically engineered crops, often called GMOs.
"It will be a valley fit for growing GMOs, but won't be a valley where people from Europe and Japan and Korea come to have seed grown," he says.
And on the other side, Winn says Morton's demands could unnecessarily cripple a valuable industry.
"Quite honestly, if you regulate this valley to the point where you don't have sugar beet seed production, or production of some other major commodities — that's a huge deal!" Winn says.
There is one voice calling for compromise: Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack released an open letter last month calling for a "new paradigm of coexistence and cooperation" between the two sides. Giving in a little, Vilsack said, would be better than litigation that puts one side or the other out of business.
Copyright 2011 National Public Radio. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.Mary Maxim'e Özel İğne İşi Seti.Oya Müzik Köyü'nün bir parçası.Vintage, nadir ve üretim dışı, Plastik Kanvas."Sessiz Gece" çalan bir müzik kutusu içerir.Noel.Tuval.Tuval.Mary Maxim vintage, nadir ve üretim dışı iğne işi kit.It Noel Oya Müzikal Köyünün bir parçasıdır ve Kilisedir.Bu kit, Sessiz Gece çalan bir müzik kutusu içerir!.An all too common and easy assumption made about studying is that the longer time you study for, the more you will learn and the more your overall results will subsequently improve. However, it's often the case that students will feel cheated when they study for 5 hours for an exam and a peer who only studied for 2 hours achieves a higher mark.
The question must then be asked: Why do we measure our level of work according to an amount of time when time clearly has no correlation to the effectiveness of our studying?
The fact is that 2 hours of distraction-free study, with the right focus and outcomes in mind, can lead to a better understanding than 10 hours of study with an unfocused mind. How then, can the time spent studying, be made most effective?
1. Healthy Body = Healthy Mind
Especially as students reach the last few years of their education, it can become extremely difficult to ensure a balance between the many elements of their life, however, it is more crucial than ever in these years to maintain a balance. Ensuring to sleep for at least 8 hours each night is crucial, especially depending on age. Students should find time for exercise every week and maintain a healthy diet. Especially minimising sugar intake, specifically before and during study periods.
It is also important to retain a work-life balance between studying and other past times. Social lives do not have to be entirely sacrificed for the sake of study. In fact, it is beneficial to both academic performance and mental wellbeing to maintain this balance as friends are often instrumental in providing support in times of stress and contribute to a healthy, happy and positive state of mind.
By student taking care of their bodies, and making sure that they are healthy and happy, the mind is able to maintain greater focus during study periods. As students begin to see their results improving through implementing this healthy work-life balance, studying becomes a more enjoyable experience and instills personal motivation and incentive for students to work harder to achieve their best.
2. Set S.M.A.R.T Goals:
Students should make a list of the things aimed to do in a day of study, in order of priority. Consider breaking large tasks down into smaller manageable parts. Aims for a day should adhere to the principle of S.M.A.R.T goals:
This means that students can hold themselves accountable for the work that is completed, ensuring they are being effective and efficient. An example of a S.M.A.R.T goal is "complete questions 1-6 in chapter 3". A goal without the S.M.A.R.T criteria, such as "do 2 hours of maths", or "revise algebra", can make it harder for students to achieve what they have set out to do. Goals of this kind are vague, causing students to spend excess time deciding what is to be done, rather than doing it.
3. Remove distractions:
Students should ensure their workspace is clean and free of distractions (putting phones in another room). Computers should only be used if needed, and if necessary, should only be used to access what is needed. If students are struggling to stay off Facebook and/or other distractions, they should consider installing an app such as Cold Turkey (https://getcoldturkey.com/ ) that will help to keep away distractions during study periods.
4. Take Regular Breaks & Reward Yourself:
The brain fatigues quickly. For the average student who has not practiced good study habits, approximately 30 minutes of uninterrupted study can lead to the brain being half as effective as it was when the student began studying. Over an hour or more of studying without breaks can lead to the brain being anywhere between 10% and 0% effective.
By taking regular breaks the brain is rewarded for the study. It associates the study with the reward and therefore is more likely to focus on the work at hand, enhancing retention and understanding.
To put this into practice, students should follow these steps:
- Set a timer for 25 minutes and work.
- When the timer goes off, take a 5-minute break. Return to your desk and repeat the process.
- Once you've completed all the work you have to or every 3-4 hours, take a longer more rewarding break.
- As you practice this, you will become more able to focus for longer amounts of time, and you can build up the time between breaks. After a couple of weeks at 25 minutes, try 30 minutes. Within a couple of months, you should be able to achieve productive study for about an hour without breaks.Il primo agosto di 25 anni fa venne firmato a Helsinki il documento finale della Conferenza per la Sicurezza e la Cooperazione in Europa. Per la Svizzera a porre la firma fu l'allora presidente della Confederazione Pierre Graber.Questo contenuto è stato pubblicato il 01 agosto 2000 - 21:11
L'allora presidente della Confederazione svizzera Pierre Graber sottoscrisse la Carta ponendo la sua firma accanto a quella dei potenti del mondo occidentale, dall'americano Gerald Ford al francese Valery Giscard d'Estaing, facendo entrare per la prima volta Berna in un'organizzazione politica internazionale.
Oggi l'OSCE, che nel frattempo da Conferenza é divenuta Organizzazione, riunisce 54 paesi membri in un'area che va da Vancouver a Vladivostok, con l'eccezione della Jugoslavia, sospesa dal 1992. Anche le repubbliche dell'ex impero sovietico sono entrate a far parte in massa del gruppo insieme ai giá presenti Stati Uniti e Canada. I suoi organi e le sue istituzioni si occupano dei piú svariati temi: dai diritti civili alla protezione delle minoranze, dal controllo alla corsa agli armamenti alla risoluzione di conflitti internazionali.
A Vienna, con dieci giorni d'anticipo sulla data ufficiale, si è già festeggiato il venticinquesimo anniversario in pompa magna. Il governo austriaco, a cui per il 2000 é affidata la presidenza dell'Organizzazione, si é dato un gran da fare per celebrare degnamente i cinque lustri di esistenza dell'OSCE sulla scena politica internazionale. Tra gli ospiti d'onore nella imperiale cornice della Hofburg anche l'ex ministro degli esteri tedesco Hans Dietrich Genscher, presente nel 1975 a Helsinki, e molti rappresentanti di organizzazioni umanitarie ed ex dissidenti dell'est. Proprio a questi ultimi é riservato un largo spazio durante le celebrazioni viennesi: l'Atto finale firmato in Finlandia 25 anni fa costituí infatti un punto di partenza fondamentale per il lungo percorso di difesa dei diritti umani e civili nelle regioni dello spazio OSCE, soprattutto per quel che riguarda l'ex blocco orientale.
La Carta di Helsinki, sottoscritta in piena Guerra Fredda, obbligava letteralmente i membri "a migliorare e a rafforzare i rapporti nell'interesse dei popoli, a dare il proprio contributo per la pace,
la sicurezza, la giustizia e la cooperazione in Europa e per l'avvicinamento tra questi e gli altri stati del mondo". In piú, un capitolo a parte era dedicato al miglioramento dei rapporti e a un piú frequente scambio di informazioni tra Est e Ovest.
La Svizzera, pur non appartendo a organizzazioni come ONU o NATO, ha sempre fatto parte dell'OSCE, ottenendone la presidenza durante il 1996 e impegnandosi fortemente nella crisi della ex Jugoslavia. L'Organizzazione per la Sicurezza e la Cooperazione in Europa viene retta ogni anno da un paese diverso. Al vertice di Istambul lo scorso dicembre é stato sottoscritto un ultimo documento globale che non solo sostiene il processo di democratizzazione nelle zone dell'ex Unione Sovietica, ma contiene importanti accordi sulla riduzione delle armi convenzionali.
Madrina della manifestazione per l'anniversario celebrativo a Vienna, nonché padrona di casa, é il ministro degli esteri Benita-Ferrero Waldner che, tra una polemica l'altra con i suoi colleghi dell'Unione Europea sulle discusse sanzioni contro l'Austria, é tornata apposta per l'occasione da una missione OSCE in Azerbaigian. Nella capitale della repubblica alpina si celebrano i successi dell'Organizzazione, anche se le calde situazioni in Asia centrale e nei Balcani lasciano poco spazio ai brindisi. Il lavoro duro é appena cominciato.
Stefano Grazioli, Vienna
Questo articolo è stato importato automaticamente dal vecchio sito in quello nuovo. In caso di problemi nella visualizzazione, vi preghiamo di scusarci e di indicarci il problema al seguente indirizzo: [email protected]安福路
安福路上奇怪的标语：大玻璃在白天。（大镜子在夜里？）
在西班牙文化处看实验短片。左边的叔叔一直在活动头颈，右边的少女在玩iPad，背后的伯伯在打呼噜。呼噜声越来越响时，一位热心市民挺身而出规劝道：困觉侬困，声音勿要介大。
短片们的确古怪，但有意思的也不少。最喜欢《Limites 1a Persona》（第一人称的限制）。一段拍摄女朋友在沙漠里的业余视频，因为剪辑、画外音、叙事者的花样升级成了对两性关系的哲学思考。一个比喻：就好像两个人系在一根绳上爬山一样，只有跌落的时候，那绳子才会有用。İtalya’nın en büyük nehrinin geniş kesimlerinde su o kadar düşük ki, yerel sakinler geniş kumların ortasından geçiyor ve gemi enkazları yeniden ortaya çıkıyor.
Yetkililer, yakında yağmur yağmazsa, tüm kuzey İtalya’da çiftçiler ve yerel halk için içme ve sulama için ciddi bir su sıkıntısı olacağından korkuyorlar.
Merkezi kuzeydeki Gualtieri köyü yakınlarındaki bir parkta, bisikletçiler ve yürüyüşçüler merak içinde dururlar, 50 metre uzunluğunda (164 fit) ikinci dünya savaşı sırasında odun taşıyan ancak 1943’te batan bir mavna olan Zibello’yu gözlemlerler. Po’nun suları.
Amatör bisikletçi Raffaele Vezzali paslanmış gemiye bakmak için pedallardan inerken, “Bu mavnayı ilk kez görüyoruz,” dedi. Vezzali, kış yağmurlarının olmamasının nehrin rekor düşük seviyelere ulaşmasına neden olduğunu bildiğinden, kısmen şaşırmıştı.
Amatör fotoğrafçı Alessio Bonin Guardian’a söyledi mavnanın görüntülerini yakalamak için bir drone kullandı.
Bonin Guardian’a verdiği demeçte, “Son yıllarda teknenin pruvasını görebiliyordunuz, bu yüzden orada olduğunu biliyorduk, ancak geminin esasen kış olduğu Mart ayında bu kadar açıkta olduğunu görmek çok dramatikti,” dedi. “Yılın bu zamanında hiç böyle bir kuraklık görmemiştim – asıl endişemiz eskiden nehir taşkınlarıydı, şimdi yok olacağından endişe ediyoruz.”
Uzaydan görüntüler Kuzey İtalya’da kuruyan diğer su kütlelerini de ele geçirdiler.
Ancak, savaş zamanı yeniden su yüzüne çıkan bir teknenin ve geniş kumlu plajların tuhaflıkları, bunun yerel sakinler ve çiftçiler için neden olacağı bozulmayı maskelemek için çok az şey yapıyor.
Kuzeybatıdaki Torino kentinden Venedik’e 652 kilometre (405 mil) uzanan Po Nehri’nin kuruması, İtalya’nın yoğun nüfuslu ve oldukça sanayileşmiş bölgelerinde içme suyunu tehlikeye atıyor ve ülkenin bilinen en yoğun tarım yapılan bölgesinde sulamayı tehdit ediyor. İtalyan yemek vadisi olarak.
Kuzey İtalya 110 günden fazla süredir yağış görmedi ve bu yılki kar yağışı %70 azaldı. Yeraltı suyunu tutan akiferler tükendi. Sezon ortalamasının 2 santigrat derece (3,6 Fahrenheit) üzerindeki sı
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نی آن در اطراف هفت حیاط قرار گرفته است. برجسته ترین قسمت این مجموعه عظیم 325 متری انتهای غربی و کلیسای برج های دوقلوی آن است که بر فراز یک محدوده تراس نیم دایره ای قرار گرفته است.
این صومعه که بر روی صخره ای بر فراز ر.ستای اطراف این ملک و مشرف به دانوب قرار دارد، دلایل بسیار خوبی برای گذراندن چند ساعت در آن دارد: مقبره سنت کولومان از Stockerau. بقایای اولین خانواده حاکم اتریش، خانه بابنبرگ. راهرو شاهنشاهی 196 متری با پرتره های حاکمان اتریش، از جمله یکی از ملکه ماریا ترزا. و اتاق های امپراتوری با نمایش های مربوط به تاریخ صومعه، همراه با مجسمه ها و نقاشی ها.
- Hallstatt و Dachstein Salzkammergut
هالشتات، بدون شک یکی از زیباترین شهرهای کوچک اتریش، مکان خوبی برای کاوش در منطقه دیدنی Dachstein Salzkammergut، یک سایت میراث جهانی یونسکو است. معماری زیبای باروک گواه ثروت هالستات است که بر اساس تاریخ طولانی تولید نمک از دوران ماقبل تاریخ است.
میتوانید از دریاچه نمک زیرزمینی در غار Hörnerwerk در نزدیکی دیدن کنید، یا غارهای Dachstein، یکی از چشمگیرترین شبکههای غار اروپا را که در برخی مکانها تا 1174 متر عمق دارند، کاوش کنید.
غار یخی غول پیکر با دمای تابستانی زیر صفر و غارهای عظیم با آبشارهای یخ زده باشکوه و غار ماموت با گالری های لوله ای شکل عظیمش که توسط یک رودخانه زیرزمینی باستانی شکل گرفته است، می باشد. در بالای زمین، بازدیدکنندگان می توانند با سکوی تماشای 5 انگشتی فوقالعاده برخورد کنند، یک سازه فلزی باورنکردنی که بر فراز یک قطره 400 متری با مناظر عالی از کوههای آلپ اطراف آویزان شده است.
- اسکی در Kitzbühel و Kitzbüheler Horn
یکی از بهترین مکان ها برای اسکی در اتریش، شهر تفریحی معروف کیتسبوهل، عاشقان برف را با 170 کیلومتر پیست اسکی و دامنه های پر از کلبه های کوچک کوهستانی، که میتوانند در آنجا برای خوردن تنقلات سنتی آلپاین و نوشیدنیهای گرمکننده توقف کنند، به خود جذب می کند. با وجود اینکه این مکان سالانه Hahnenkamm، سخت ترین مسابقات اسکی در سراشیبی است، اما Kitzbühel زمین های زیادی برای تمام سطوح مهارت در سه منطقه اسکی خود دارد و کوچک ترین آن ها، Bichlalm، به آزاد سواران اختصاص دارد.
اما Kitzbuhel فقط برای اسکی بازان نیست. این شهر با دیوارها و خانه های نقاشی شده، و کوه های آلپ پوشیده از برف برای پس زمینه، به زیبایی روستاهای آلپ است. شاخ Kitzbüheler 1998 متری که در زمستان اسکی بازان را به وجد می آورد، در تابستان مورد علاقه کوهنوردان کوهنوردی است و همچنین می توانید با تله کابین از طریق Pletzeralm به قله برسید.
مناظر اطراف این قله یکی از بهترین مناظر قله در تیرول در نظر گرفته می شود: در جنوب از Radstädter Tauern تا کوه های آلپ Ötztal. در شمال، Kaisergebirge در نزدیکی. در غرب، کوه های آلپ لچتال. و در شرق، Hochkönig. در جنوب شاخ کیتزبوهلر، هورنکوپفلی به ارتفاع 1772 متر بالا می رود که از طریق تله کابین نیز به آن می رسید. علاوه بر مناظر عالی، در قله، Gipfelhaus را خواهید دید، خانه ای منحصر به فرد در بالای کوه. یک نمازخانه؛ رستوران؛ و یک باغ در کوه های آلپ.
- کاخ Belvedere، وین
یکی دیگر از پربازدیدترین کاخ های اتریش – و یکی که قطعا باید در برنامه سفر به وین شما گنجانده شود – کاخ دیدنی Belvedere (Schloss Belvedere) است. این مکان تاریخی مهم که اغلب به آن ساده به عنوان “بلودره” شناخته می شود، به دو بخش بزرگ تقسیم می شود: کاخ های بالا (Oberes) و پایین (Unteres).
اگر فقط برای کشف یکی از آن ها وقت دارید، برای دیدن قصر بالا به آن جا بروید. در اینجا، بزرگترین بخش از مجموعه آثار هنری چشمگیر این جاذبه را خواهید یافت، و همچنین فرصتی برای مشاهده یکی از بهترین جواهرات معماری حفظ شده کشور را خواهید داشت. ویژگی های برجسته عبارتند از Sala Terrena، سالن اصلی، که به دلیل مجسمه ها و سقف طاق دار گچکاریاش قابل توجه است. تالار کارلون با نقاشی های دیواری سقفی، تالار مرمری دو طبقه با مجسمه ها و نقاشی های فراوان و پلکان تشریفاتی چشمگیر مکان هایی هستند که شما در این بازدید خواهید دید.
کاخ پایین کمتر از کاخ های بالا ارزش بازدید ندارد. موارد برجسته شامل گالری مرمر، با مجموعه مجسمه های آن است. تالار گروتسک، با نقاشی های دیواری زیبای متعدد و دومین تالار مرمری که به خاطر نقاشی های دیواری سقفی جذابش معروف است. اگر برای آن روز اینجا هستید (باید برای آن برنامه ریزی کنید!)، این کاخ دارای یک کافه و رستوران عالی، سه فروشگاه و یک بازار کریسمس عالی برای کسانی است که در ماه های زمستان سفر می کنند.
- بورگ هوچوسترویتز قرون وسطی
در شرق سنت ویت، بر روی صخرهای که حدود 160 متر بالاتر از دره قرار دارد، قلعه باشکوه Burg Hochosterwitz، مهمترین قلعه قرون وسطایی اتریش، گسترده شده است. پس از یک تاریخ پرتلاطم، قلعه – که اولین بار در سال 860 پس از میلاد از آن نامی برده شد – توسط Khevenhüllers تصرف شد و در سال 1570 در برابر مهاجمان ترک قد علم کرد. این قلعه هرگز توسط دشمن تسخیر نشد، از آن زمان در خانواده Khevenhüller باقی مانده است.
جاده دسترسی شیب دار به قلعه، Burgweg، از طریق 14 دروازه دفاعی به سمت حیاط طاقدار زیبا می رود که در آن کلیسای کوچک با نقاشی های دیواری و سقفی مربوط به سال 1570 و کلیسا در انتهای جنوب غربی را قلعه با محراب بلندش که قدمت آن به 1729 می رسد، خواهید دید.
چه زمانی به اتریش سفر کنیم؟
“فصل توریستی” برای سفر به اتریش از ماه می تا سپتامبر است. سفر به اتریش در فصل تابستان مزیت های خودش را دارد: روزهای بلند برای گردش (تا حوالی ساعت 21 روشنی روز)، راه های کوهستانی بدون برف آلپ، بهترین آب و هوا و پر برنامه ترین زمان توریستی.
“فصل میانه” (پاییز و بهار) برای سفر به اتریش، راحت تر و با هزینه های کمتر امکان پذیر است. در این بازه زمانی از سال توریست ها در کشور اتریش از خلوتی و جمعیت کمتر، آب و هوای بهتر و در دسترس بودن اتاق در هتل های مختلف در شهرهای مختلف لذت می برند. در پاییز و بهار به علت تعطیلات پیاپی شاید نتوانید آنطور که باید مناطق مختلف را ببینید اما می توانید از فستیوال های مختلفی که در این دو فصل برگزار می شود لذت ببرید.
آب و هوای اتریش در فصل زمستان می تواند سرد و دلگیر باشد و هوا پیش از صرف شام تاریک شود، اما کوهستان آلپ را که در این فصل پوشیده از برف و سراسر سفید می شود نمی توان نادیده گرفت. ماه دسامبر همچنین مناظر زیبای کریسمس را در مراکز خرید و خانه ها که در شب سال نو با چراغ ها تزئین شده اند برای شما فراهم می کند که به بزرگ ترین جشن سال نوی اروپا معروف است.
همچنین اگر در فصل زمستان به اتریش سفر کنید شب های پر شور و هیجان را در تمام وین خواهید یافت که علت آن فصل رقص های گروهی وین در ابتدای زمستان است.
آب و هوای اتریش در فصل زمستان می تواند سرد و دلگیر باشد و هوا پیش از صرف شام تاریک شود، اما کوهستان آلپ را که در این فصل پوشیده از برف و سراسر سفید می شود نمیتوان نادیده گرفت. ماه دسامبر همچنین مناظر زیبای کریسمس را در مراکز خرید و خانه ها که در شب سال نو با چراغ ها تزئین شده اند برای شما فراهم میکند که به بزرگ ترین جشن سال نوی اروپا معروف است.
جاذبه های فرهنگی در سفر به اتریش
موزه موتزارت یکی از زیباترین جاذبه های گردشگری کشور اتریش می باشد، این موزه در واقع محل تولد ولفگانگ آمادیوس موتزارت بوده است که هنرمندی بسیار بزرگ بوده است. شما امروزه می توانید با سفر به اتریش از این موزه که یادگاری ها و وسایل این هنرمند در آن قرار دارد دیدن کنید.
جاذبه فرهنگی دیگری که مورد توجه قرار می گیرد سالن تئاتر ملی است که با نام تئاتر بِرگ هم خوانده می شود. این سالن از بزرگ ترین و معروف ترین سالن های تئاتر آلمانی است.
کتابخانه ادمونت یکی از بزرگ ترین کتابخانه های دنیا و همین طور بزرگترین کتابخانه دنیا است که در داخل صومعه ساخته شده است، این کتابخانه دارای معماری فوق العاده زیبایی است که چشم هر بیننده ای را به خود خیره می کند.
جاذبه های طبیعی کشور اتریش
غار Eisriesenwelt یکی از زیباترین جاذبه های گردشگری اتریش است. این مجموعه غارها بزرگترین مجموعه غار یخی دنیا هستند که سالانه مسافران زیادی برای بازدید از این غارها وارد کشور اتریش می شوند، طول این غارها به 42 کیلومتر می رسد و شما می توانید یک روز کامل را در این غارها سپری کنید.
از دیدنی های زیبای طبیعت اتریش دریاچه مصنوعی schlegeis در قلب دره ی زیلرتال است. این دریاچه در میان رشته کوه آلپ ساخته شده است که باعث زیبایی دو چندان آن می شود. در دو طرف این دریاچه مسیری ساخته شده تا مردم بتوانند در کنار این دریاچه ی زیبا از دوچرخه سواری و یا پیاده روی لذت ببرند.
جاذبه فرهنگی دیگری که مورد توجه قرار میگیرد سالن تئاتر ملی است که با نام تئاتر بِرگ هم خوانده میشود. این سالن از بزرگ ترین و معروف ترین سالن های تئاتر آلمانی است.
کتابخانه ادمونت یکی از بزرگ ترین کتابخانه های دنیا و همین طور بزرگترین کتابخانه دنیا است که در داخل صومعه ساخته شده است، این کتابخانه دارای معماری فوق العاده زیبایی است که چشم هر بیننده ای را به خود خیره می کند.
ویزای اتریش
اتریش عضو اتحادیهی شینگن (شنگن) است بنابراین برای سفر به آن باید ویزای توریستی شنگن داشته باشید، یعنی ویزای تایپ C شینگن. مدت این نوع ویزا 90 روز است و شما میتوانید در اتریش یا سایر کشورهای اروپایی عضو شنگن بمانید.
در این زمینه 2 نکته وجود دارد که حتما باید به آنها توجه کنید:
اول شاید فکر کنید که این تاریخ 90 روزه، به شما اجازه میدهد که کل 3 ماه را در حوزهی شنگن بمانید اما اشتباه فکر نکنید. در حقیقت ویزای توریستی شینگن براساس روزهای برنامهی سفر شما صادر میشود.
نکتهی دوم هم اینکه هیچ ملیتی به جز شهروندان اتحادیه اروپا نمیتواند بیشتر از 90 روز مداوم به عنوان توریست در شینگن بماند. پس باید بعد از 90 روز از حوزهی شینگن خارج شوید، 90 روز صبر کنید و دوباره وارد شوید.I see young players often freeze during a [tag]baseball game[/tag] when they field a ball. I use these [tag]beginning baseball drills for kids[/tag] to get them used to fielding, and throwing to first as their immediate reaction.
Drill: Roll and Go
Level: Beginner (works best with 4-7 year olds)
One player is stationed at home plate with a [tag]baseball[/tag], one player is stationed at the pitcher’s spot, and one player at first base. The player at home plate rolls the ball to the pitcher, and then takes off for first base. The pitcher must field the ball, and throw to first to get the runner.
Goals: For the child in the pitcher’s spot, the rolled ball should be easier to field, and the focus is on picking up the ball and getting rid of it to first base. The first baseman gets to work on receiving throws at first. The runner should work on running THROUGH first base.
Variations: In the very beginning stages, the [tag]baseball coach[/tag] may want to tell the runner, “Go” a few seconds after the roll to make the plays close at first base. As the kids improve throwing to first, they can move back to shortstop to start rather than the pitcher’s spot.
Also, you can make this an outfield drill by moving the fielders to the outfield, and having 2nd basemen and shortstop positions. The outfield should focus on getting the ball to second base (using a cut-off man). In this version, a coach at first base can instruct a base runner to run through first or round first and go to second. This gives the runners practice at looking for the base coach.
Kids seem to really like this one. Several are engaged on one play, and there is a slight competitive aspect to it.Manned Space Flight Network
There were two other NASA space communication networks at the time, the Spacecraft Tracking and Data Acquisition Network (STADAN) for tracking unmanned satellites in low Earth orbit, and the Deep Space Network (DSN) for tracking more distant unmanned missions. After the end of Skylab, the MSFN and STADAN were merged to form the Spaceflight Tracking and Data Network (STDN). STDN was in turn replaced by the satellite-based Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) during the Space Shuttle program, being used as of 2009[update].
Orbital versus deep space tracking
Tracking vehicles in low Earth orbits (LEO) is quite different from tracking deep space missions. Deep space missions are visible for long periods of time from a large portion of the Earth's surface, and so require few stations (the DSN uses only three, as of February 20, 2010[update]). These few stations, however, require the use of huge antennas and ultra-sensitive receivers to cope with the very distant, weak signals. Low Earth orbit missions, on the other hand, are only visible from a small fraction of the Earth's surface at a time, and the satellites move overhead quickly, which requires a large number of tracking stations, spread all over the world. The antennas required for LEO tracking and communication are not required to be as large as those used for deep space, but they must be able to track quickly.
These differing requirements led NASA to build a number of independent tracking networks, each optimized for its own mission. Prior to the mid-1980s, when the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) satellites became operational, NASA used several networks of ground based antennas to track and communicate with Earth orbiting spacecraft. For the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo missions, these were the primary means of communication, with the Deep Space Network (DSN) being assigned a supporting/backup role.
Mercury MSFN stations
- Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex (GDS), California
- Coopers Island, Bermuda (BDA)
- Grand Canary Island (CAN)
- Guaymas, Mexico (GYM)
- Kano, Nigeria (KAN)
- Kauai, Hawaii (HAW)
- Mercury Control Center (CNV), Cape Canaveral, Florida
- White Sands, New Mexico (WHS)
- Woomera Test Range, Australia (WOM)
- Indian Ocean ship (IOS)
- Pacific Ocean ship (USNS Wheeling)
The Bermuda FPS-16 radar was the only radar on the entire network that had track during the capsule's insertion into an orbital track, and thus was vital to the verification of proper orbit. The next station to have contact was the Canary Islands.
Cooper's flight was delayed for 24 hours due to a malfunction in the Bermuda FPS-16 radar's antenna data system. The radar set failed a CADFISS test, where all the stations in the network had to transmit information to NASA to insure accurate information could be obtained. The failed part was replaced within 3 hours, but when the Capsule communicator asked for a realistic estimate, he was told 24 hours. The mission was immediately scrubbed for one day.
The network expanded for Project Gemini's longer flights which included rendezvous operations involving two spacecraft. A move toward increased computerization and decreased voice support for Gemini made a more centralized network possible with fewer primary stations and more secondary stations, although those major facilities were better equipped. Some Mercury stations were dropped; many were supplemented with new hardware.
The Apollo missions
The technical facts of life were these: the radars of the Mercury and Gemini Networks obviously could not track two spacecraft orbiting the Moon a quarter-million miles away: neither could the small MSFN telemetry antennas hope to pick out the telemetry and voice messages in the weak signals arriving from the vicinity of the Moon. Translated into network hardware terms, Apollo would require at least the following changes in the MSFN:
- A range and range rate tracking system, such as GRARR or the JPL range and range rate system, would have to be incorporated to accurately track the distant spacecraft while it was out of radar range.
- Large dish antennas with high gains, such as the 26-m paraboloids employed in STAD
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proprio nodo completo e ogni unità è collegata crittograficamente alla vera moneta di base, garantendo ulteriormente che ogni transazione sia valida secondo la contabilità del proprio nodo completo bitcoin. Con le maggiori aspettative di un regolamento verificabile in modo indipendente della moneta di base e di alcuni sostituti della moneta, gli utenti possono avere esigenze molto più elevate e più rigorose nei confronti dei servizi di terze parti e più strumenti per identificare i comportamenti scorretti da correggere rapidamente nel processo di mercato.
Questo permette anche di interfacciare la moneta di base in modo resistente alla censura. In un sistema bancario completamente fiat, tutti i pagamenti si basano su sostituti del denaro e richiedono l'uso di controparti, che possono bloccare le transazioni e chiudere i conti. Essendo la banca di sé stessi, gli utenti di bitcoin possono trasmettere le transazioni come desiderano e, supponendo che venga pagata una quota sufficientemente alta, un miner può includere la transazione in un blocco con una sufficiente proof-of-work, che a sua volta aggiorna la blockchain su qualsiasi nodo che condivida lo stesso set di regole. Se si gestisce un nodo, si può verificare con la stessa certezza di qualsiasi altra transazione che il pagamento è andato a buon fine.
Poiché ci si aspetta che un nodo completo di bitcoin sia in grado di operare in un bunker, la commerciabilità di bitcoin tende alla produzione di software che sia retrocompatibile. Se le regole dovessero cambiare in modo incompatibile con il passato, l'utente dovrebbe consultare una fonte di software affidabile per ottenere il programma e le regole corrette ogni volta che desidera sincronizzarsi con la rete. Questa tendenza a rafforzare la retrocompatibilità crea la certezza per gli operatori dei nodi che la loro comprensione della rete, in particolare i loro saldi e la capacità di spendere le loro monete, rimarranno intatti. Lo stesso non si può dire per gli utenti dei sistemi monetari fiat che si svegliano e scoprono di non essere più in grado di accedere al proprio denaro, spesso senza alcuna possibilità di ricorso.
Infine, la gestione di un full node bitcoin crea una maggiore certezza di controllo individuale sulla divulgazione di informazioni identificative a terzi. La rete bitcoin di per sé opera in modo pseudonimo, ma nel contesto degli scambi commerciali possono essere condivise informazioni sulla proprietà degli indirizzi, che possono rivelare l'identità, i saldi e il modo in cui i bitcoin sono conservati. Utilizzando un nodo completo, l'utente riduce le informazioni da condividere per interfacciarsi con la rete e può quindi avere meno incertezze sul fatto che alcune informazioni vengano rese pubbliche e possano essere usate contro di lui da malintenzionati.
L'architettura innovativa di Bitcoin, progettata per consentire la proprietà e la verifica indipendenti, annulla completamente i problemi principali che hanno portato alla centralizzazione dell'oro. Bitcoin ha risolto il problema del denaro e ora sta semplicemente ai singoli individui capirlo.
Nodi Bitcoin e individualismo metodologico
La scuola austriaca utilizza l'individualismo metodologico come uno dei suoi strumenti per discernere la teoria economica. Mentre alcune scuole di pensiero affermano che un gruppo può avere una volontà propria, gli austriaci riconoscono che quel gruppo è a sua volta composto da individui, di cui possiamo analizzare le azioni. Ludwig von Mises scrive:
Per prima cosa dobbiamo renderci conto che tutte le azioni sono compiute da individui. Un collettivo opera sempre attraverso l'intermediazione di uno o più individui le cui azioni sono legate al collettivo come fonte secondaria. È il significato che gli individui che agiscono e tutti coloro che sono toccati dalla loro attività attribuiscono a un'azione, che ne determina il carattere. È il significato che contraddistingue un'azione come opera di un individuo e un'altra come azione dello stato o della municipalità. È il boia, non lo stato, a giustiziare un criminale. Ma è il significato delle persone interessate che scorge nel gesto del boia un'azione dello stato. Un gruppo di uomini armati occupa un luogo. È il senso degli interessati che imputa questa occupazione non agli ufficiali e ai soldati sul posto, ma alla loro nazione. Se analizziamo il significato delle varie azioni compiute dagli individui, dobbiamo necessariamente imparare tutto sulle stesse azioni degli insiemi collettivi. Infatti, un collettivo sociale non ha esistenza e realtà al di fuori delle azioni dei singoli membri. La vita di un collettivo è vissuta nelle azioni degli individui che ne costituiscono il corpo. Non è concepibile un collettivo sociale che non sia operativo nelle azioni di alcuni individui. La realtà di un insieme sociale consiste nel fatto che esso dirige e libera azioni definite da parte degli individui. Pertanto, la via per la cognizione degli interi collettivi passa attraverso l'analisi delle azioni degli individui. [15] L'Azione Umana, di Ludwig von Mises
E così è per bitcoin. La rete bitcoin stessa non ha una volontà propria. È un insieme di utenti che operano, individualmente, su un insieme condiviso di regole. Ogni individuo è libero di scegliere un insieme di regole o un altro, e la rete stessa è definita dal consenso su quali siano queste regole. Qualsiasi rete TCP/IP tra due o più computer è una rete Internet, ma solo una rete TCP/IP è Internet. Allo stesso modo, qualsiasi rete di nodi bitcoin è una rete bitcoin, ma solo una è 'la' rete bitcoin.
Quando un individuo accende un nodo bitcoin, esprime la propria volontà su quali debbano essere le regole, istanziate con un software solido che non ammette eccezioni. Non è necessario accendere il nodo per ragioni diverse da quelle di puro interesse personale. Il nodo non è destinato ad aggiungere sicurezza alla rete in senso altruistico, dove un nodo aggiuntivo contribuisce a una particolare metrica di sicurezza. Al contrario, essi aggiungono alla rete un'espressione di ciò che definisce un'unità di bitcoin che l'utente riceverà e spenderà.
Gli utenti non scelgono solo in base alle regole a cui tengono personalmente. Un utente potrebbe desiderare che i parametri della rete siano leggermente diversi, magari con un limite di dimensione dei blocchi più elevato o un nuovo tipo di transazione. Sceglie invece come istanziare il proprio nodo in base a ciò che è più probabile che gli permetta di intraprendere gli scambi economici di maggior valore. Anche se una caratteristica che desidera potrebbe essere vantaggiosa per loro, e anche se altri potrebbero desiderarla se ne avessero una migliore comprensione, se l'istanziazione di quella caratteristica impedisse il consenso con la rete che offre loro la maggiore capacità di effettuare scambi economici di valore, potrebbero scegliere di accettare un tale compromesso.
La sicurezza della rete, quindi, non si basa sul semplice funzionamento di un nodo, ma sulla commerciabilità, come descritto da Carl Menger. Se un numero maggiore di persone sceglie di gestire o di interfacciarsi con nodi che hanno solo un particolare insieme di regole di rete, la rete acquisisce una maggiore capacità di scambio economico. Man mano che la rete acquisisce una maggiore capacità di scambio economico, un numero maggiore di persone sceglierà di funzionare o di interfacciarsi con i nodi che esprimono tali regole. Questo ciclo di feedback continua a rafforzare le regole che meglio rispondono alle esigenze di mercato delle persone.
Tale commerciabilità è segnalata dall'economia attraverso vari prezzi. Un esempio è il prezzo delle unità di bitcoin. Una rete più commerciabile sarà più richiesta, quindi le unità di quella particolare rete avranno maggior valore. Empiricamente vediamo che le unità di un UTXO su BTC vengono vendute a ordini di grandezza superiori rispetto alle unità dello stesso UTXO su uno qualsiasi degli altri fork. Un altro esempio è la difficoltà di hash. Poiché le unità sulla 'rete' bitcoin hanno un valore maggiore, i minatori sono disposti a investire in un maggiore sforzo computazionale per cercare di ottenere una ricompensa. Ancora una volta, empiricamente, vediamo che la difficoltà di BTC è di ordini di grandezza superiore a quella dei suoi fork.
Ciò che emerge è, come lo definisce StopAndDecrypt, «una fortezza impenetrabile di convalida». Più l'attività economica è definita da un insieme di regole, meno transazioni e blocchi in conflitto con queste regole riescono a entrare nella rete, perché vengono rifiutati dai nodi e non vengono nemmeno trasmessi ad altri peer. [16] Dalle scelte individuali di migliaia e poi milioni di soggetti, emerge un'unica rete bitcoin, contabilizzata con estremo rigore, come mezzo e protocollo di scambio generalmente accettato. E pluribus unum.
Bitcoin non è optional
Non esiste una rete bitcoin al di fuori dei nodi dello stesso network. Chi non gestisce il proprio nodo completo sta usando il nodo completo di qualcun altro. Quando una persona usa il nodo di qualcun altro, si fida delle affermazioni di quell'entità sulla natura del nodo stesso. L'unico modo per sapere che si sta interagendo con bitcoin nel modo in cui si pensa è gestire un proprio full node.
Il possesso di chiavi private è sufficiente per consentire a qualcuno di avere una proprietà individuale, ma solo con un nodo l'utente può avere la certezza che le monete esistano davvero. Solo attraverso l'interfaccia di un nodo può sapere che gli indirizzi associati alle sue chiavi hanno ricevuto UTXO. In particolare, solo attraverso l'interfaccia di un nodo si sa che gli indirizzi hanno ricevuto UTXO a cui si pensa siano arrivati fondi. Le chiavi dipendono da un nodo completo per conoscere la loro relazione con la rete.
La capacità di spesa che bitcoin offre è ineguagliata da qualsiasi altra tecnologia monetaria. In un sistema fiat non esistono chiavi private significative, né esiste una verifica significativa della rete fiat. Chiunque voglia beneficiare delle garanzie date da bitcoin deve partecipare alla rete, se vuole coprirsi da un particolare insieme di ipotesi di incertezza. Solo detenendo le chiavi bitcoin (e gestendo un full node) si può operare con reali garanzie di proprietà, scarsità e resistenza alla censura. [17] Questo vale per un povero contadino di el salvador e vale per le persone e le istituzioni più ricche del mondo, compresa la federal reserve.
L'istituzione di un ordine mondiale Bitcoin
Sebbene possa sembrare in contrasto con l'interesse di uno stato basato sulla moneta a corso fisso per bitcoin, l'applicazione dell'individualismo metodologico rivela che lo stato stesso è composto da individui, piuttosto che da un grande monolite. Gli individui che compongono lo stato hanno comunque i propri bisogni e interessi monetari. Anche se bitcoin fosse in grado limitare il potere dello stato, gli individui stessi potrebbero trarne vantaggio, rendendo meno probabile il loro interesse ad attaccare il protocollo bitcoin. [18] Gli stati e le superpotenze stesse rimangono in uno stato di anarchia in relazione gli uni agli altri. [19] Possono ancora avere bisogno di commerciare o di rimanere competitivi con altre nazioni. Le nazioni più piccole che non hanno il potere di stampare moneta, possono guardare a bitcoin per ottenere un vantaggio a lungo termine e l'indipendenza, come si è visto in el salvador. Ovunque il commercio e i risparmi possano essere soggetti a rischi, è auspicabile un'attività monetaria in grado di coprire tali incertezze. Se da un lato gli stati possono avere un antagonismo nei confronti di bitcoin, dall'altro possiamo notare come essi non siano onnipotenti e debbano navigare in un'economia in continua evoluzione e nei progressi tecnologici proprio come noi. Se bitcoin potesse davvero diventare una valuta di riserva globale, la federal reserve avrebbe bisogno del suo full node e del suo Coldcard tanto quanto un qualunque 'toxic bitcoin pleb' a caso.
Questo non significa che domani tutti gli stati, dai più deboli ai più dominanti, si arrenderanno a bitcoin. Ci mostra semplicemente che nella competizione monetaria c'è qualcosa di più della sola forza bruta. Nel discutere della competizione monetaria, molto è stato scritto altrove sul potenziale economico di bitcoin di diventare una valuta di riserva globale, [20] ma meno è stato detto sul potenziale di crescita ideologica di bitcoin.
Bitcoin risolve in modo decentralizzato tre problemi:
la proprietà attraverso la crittografia a chiave pubblica;
la doppia spesa attraverso la timestamping proof-of-work;
l'emissione attraverso la regolazione della difficoltà proof-of-work.
Poiché il sistema è costruito su una concezione estrema, ogni attacco riuscito è considerato un difetto fatale per il protocollo bitcoin. Questi problemi, a loro volta, non sono altro che sottoinsiemi di problemi più grandi: l'espropriazione statale e la contraffazione. Ogni volta che bitcoin rafforza le sue difese contro le versioni meschine dei problemi, ha anche costruito difese contro le versioni più odiose dei problemi.
Qualsiasi attaccante, presente o futuro, tecnico o ideologico, si scontra con un sistema che ha già costruito i suoi meccanismi di difesa contro di esso. Ogni attacco riuscito che non uccide bitcoin serve solo a insegnare al resto della rete come difendersi meglio da questo e da qualsiasi cosa simile in futuro. Nessuna quantità di potenza hash può forzare un blocco non valido sulla rete, quindi quando i sostenitori di SegWit2x hanno minacciato di estrarre una catena hard fork, un numero maggiore di bitcoiner ha imparato l'importanza di affidarsi al proprio nodo, piuttosto che a quello di qualcun altro. [21] Quando gli exchange sono stati violati o le piattaforme di prestito liquidate, un numero maggiore di bitcoiners ha imparato l'importanza di possedere le proprie chiavi. Questo è stato fatto per un evidente motivo economico prudenziale: avere una maggiore certezza [di poter disporre] del proprio denaro. A sua volta rafforza anche la difesa contro attori più grandi che desiderano effettuare gli stessi attacchi su scala più ampia.
Nel frattempo bitcoin offre una tecnologia monetaria unica e vendibile per alleviare le incertezze che hanno perseguitato l'uomo per secoli, e offre ulteriori possibilità che lo rendono ancora più adatto a un'epoca sempre più connessa a Internet. Inoltre, essendo un software puro, bitcoin è diventato ancora più capace e promette di continuare a farlo. Qualsiasi attore che abbia bisogno di denaro che funzioni, ovvero qualsiasi attore in una divisione del lavoro sviluppata, ha bisogno di bitcoin. Man mano che l'adozione continua, sempre più persone fanno affidamento sulla rete, incoraggiando una maggiore serietà da parte di ogni partecipante per quanto riguarda l'insieme di soluzioni offerte attraverso la partecipazione auto-sovrana, oltre che per la correzione di ogni potenziale vulnerabilità a futuri attacchi.
In definitiva, chiunque abbia bisogno di denaro buono è attratto da bitcoin, e chiunque sia attratto da bitcoin è incentivato a difenderlo. La crescita economica e la volontà di proteggere e difendere bitcoin sono intrecciate. In un brillante saggio, 'The Will To Be Free: The Role of Ideology in National Defense' (La volontà di essere liberi: il ruolo dell'ideologia nella difesa nazionale) [22], Jeffrey Rogers Hummel esamina la questione di come un'ipotetica società futura senza stato potrebbe difendersi dagli attacchi esterni:
Con l'atto stesso di rovesciare il governo nazionale (pacificamente o con la forza), gli ex sudditi avranno forgiato potenti strumenti per proteggersi dai governi stranieri. Lo stesso consenso sociale, le stesse istituzioni e gli stessi imperativi ideologici che li hanno liberati dal loro stato saranno automaticamente in grado di difendersi da qualsiasi altro stato che cerchi di riempire il vuoto.
A ogni passo della crescita di bitcoin, una nuova serie di individui deve misurare le incertezze con cui hanno a che fare nel mondo e valutare se bitcoin può risolvere i loro problemi. Così, anche se all'inizio non accettano, tutti devono iniziare a discutere di qualsiasi cambiamento allo status quo di bitcoin, che richiede un nodo completo e la custodia delle chiavi private, attraverso la scelta: 'bitcoin o shitcoin?'. Bitcoin diventa una funzione forzante nelle discussioni economiche pure su quale asset scegliere per scopi monetari. Coloro che iniziano a scegliere bitcoin per qualsiasi motivo, si trovano a percorrere una strada che, per forza di cose, rafforza la loro determinazione a mantenere bitcoin esattamente com'è, che per sua stessa natura è una presa di posizione implicita o esplicita contro ogni e qualsiasi doppia spesa e contraffazione.
Chi adotta bitcoin vede un drastico aumento a lungo termine del potere d'acquisto dei propri risparmi [se mantenuti in fiat, n.d.t.]. Aumenta la certezza sullo stato e sul valore del proprio denaro e della propria rete monetaria, l'accesso ai propri fondi e la capacità di liquidarli. Ogni crescita segnala un successo che serve ad aumentare la credibilità per gli altri, ogni ordine di grandezza di crescita invia un segnale di capacità uguale se non maggiore. Partendo da un singolo utente, questo processo ha portato a una rete globale con migliaia di nodi, centinaia di miliardi di dollari di valore e interi stati nazionali che hanno aderito. Nel corso del tempo, c'è solo una risposta alla domanda 'bitcoin o shitcoin?'
Dopo aver posto le basi per risolvere il problema della proprietà, della doppia spesa e dell'emissione a tutti i livelli di attacco,
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Fears that immigrants could not be assimilated led to attempts to limit immigration, but Presidents William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson vetoed restrictive immigration laws. The outbreak of World War I in August 1914, however, stopped the flow of immigration almost entirely. America’s entry into that war, in April 1917, led to a far more active and intrusive federal government, one that seized railroads and shipyards, imposed wage and price controls, jailed war opponents and critics, and enforced other restrictive measures. Once the war ended, restricting immigration seemed within the government’s competence.
Restrictive immigration laws passed by Congress were signed by President Warren Harding in 1921 and President Calvin Coolidge in 1924. The targets of this legislation were quite different from the ones most commonly discussed today. Notably, the acts did not set any restrictions on immigration from Latin America (or anywhere else in the Western Hemisphere). Instead, the legislation completely banned immigration from Asia, expanding on the aptly named Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. It also imposed quotas on immigrants from other Eastern Hemisphere countries. The quotas were determined by the percentage of Americans from those countries in the census of 1890; the aim was to halt immigration from southern and eastern Europe. The main exception was a provision allowing for family unification, entry of relatives of current citizens—an obvious sop to those congressmen, Republican and Democratic, who represented many Ellis Islanders.
It is often said that the “pause” in immigration allowed a breathing period during which Ellis Islander immigrants could be assimilated. But assimilation had already begun. And the extent to which the law imposed a “pause” is questionable. Annual immigration for the years 1925–30 averaged 352,000; the average for 1920–24 had been 554,000. Immigration fell dramatically only with the onset of the Great Depression: as the U.S. unemployment rate shot up toward 25 percent, annual immigration plummeted to 97,000 in 1931 and remained well below 100,000 during the rest of the 1930s and through World War II. Estimates of post–World War II immigration absent the restrictions of the 1924 act are inherently speculative, but the rapidly increasing prosperity of western Europe and the near-complete restriction of emigration from the Soviet bloc suggest that it would have been far below the levels of the early 1920s. The framers of the 1924 act wanted to restrict eastern and southern European immigration for many years to come; for reasons they did not anticipate, it would have been much lower than they expected had their legislation remained stalled in committee.
* * *
With the foreign-born percentage of the American population at its lowest since 1850, it did not seem venturesome for politicians like John F. Kennedy to advocate repeal or revision of the 1924 law. And with public opinion supporting major changes in civil rights for blacks, it seemed only fair to eliminate what appeared to be discrimination against particular ethnic groups. In addition, reversal of the 1924 act was a long-term goal of leading House Judiciary Committee Democrats like Brooklyn’s Emanuel Celler (who had voted against the 1924 bill) and Newark’s Peter Rodino, whose Jewish and Italian-American constituents saw themselves as victims of unwarranted prejudice.
It was in this climate that in 1965, the year after the posthumous publication of Kennedy’s A Nation of Immigrants, Congress passed the law that, with amendments, governs immigration today. It was floor-managed in the Senate by Edward Kennedy, then serving his first full term. His brother Robert Kennedy, when asked whether the act would result in massive immigration from Latin America and Asia, argued that it would not, since as everyone knew immigrants came from Europe. He might have added that the act, for the first time, imposed quotas on immigrants from nations in Latin America. But Celler and Rodino insisted on retaining the family unification provisions that seemed to benefit their constituents—but that instead resulted in massively greater immigration from Mexico and other Latin American nations than envisioned in the act’s quotas.
The 1965 law has been in effect for a half century, and its multiple unintended consequences are now apparent. Contrary to predictions, immigration from Europe has been light, even since the Berlin Wall came down. Contrary to predictions, a huge surge of immigration came from Mexico and Latin America in the quarter century from 1982 to 2007, augmented by an increasing flow from Asia. Unlike the Ellis Island era, recent decades have seen massive illegal immigration: it is more difficult to cross the Atlantic and land at a major harbor undetected than it is to cross a line in the desert or the not-very-formidable Rio Grande, or to overstay a legal visa.
Congress’s attempt to address the problem of illegal immigration in its 1986 legislation proved unavailing. It provided a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants, one that several million such people (but only about half those eligible) took advantage of in the 1990s. But, at a time when large majorities of Americans on the left and right opposed any sort of national identity card, it failed to create a fraud-proof means of identification by which employers could verify—and could be prosecuted for failing to verify—whether a job applicant had legal status.
That omission could now be rectified, thanks to changing attitudes and technological advances. Most Americans carry electronic devices on which their purchases, entertainment choices, and whereabouts can readily be tracked, and difficult-to-forge biometric identification measures are available.
* * *
Immigration occurs partly because people seek economic opportunity, but there is more to it than that. Great surges of immigration—including those of 1630–60, 1760–76, 1846–55, 1892–1914, and 1982–2007, and like surges of internal migration such as the movement of one-third of black Americans from the rural South to the urban North between 1940 and 1965—occur when large numbers of people of similar background decide to uproot themselves to pursue dreams or escape nightmares. Such surges are responsive, at the margins, to economic cues and can stop suddenly because of economic collapse or the outbreak of world war. What is fascinating when one looks back on their history is that almost no one, expert or onlooker, predicted the beginning of the surges and, after they began and proceeded far enough along to be generally recognized, almost no one predicted when they would end.
The unexpected immigration of 1982–2007 is no exception to this rule. But there are at least two differences that have made it more problematic than earlier surges into the nation. The first is that American elites are no longer dedicated to assimilation as they were a century ago. A distorted form of multiculturalism, propagated by left-wing academics and by media and corporate elites, holds that all cultures are morally equal, except ours, which somehow is worse. Americanization, in this view, has a sinister sound, and the result is that there is less pressure for and encouragement of assimilation than in the first half of the twentieth century. Thus we see foreign-language ballots—even though immigrants who wish to become citizens are required to show that they have learned English—and bilingual education, which too often prevents children from mastering the English language, the first rung on the ladder of upward mobility. The people this hostility to Americanization harms most are the immigrants themselves, and their children.
The second problem is that the flows of immigration have been misdirected by the unexpected consequences of the 1965 legislation. The family unification provisions have brought in very large numbers of low-skill legal immigrants, mostly from Mexico, and the weakness of border and workplace enforcement has encouraged large-scale illegal immigration, again mostly from Mexico. The collapse of the housing market in 2006–8, the financial crisis of 2008, and the recession of 2007–9 have at least temporarily reduced net migration from Mexico to the United States to zero.
That looks like a response to economic cues, but there may be something more at work. Estimates are that one-third of housing foreclosures in the 2007–10 period involved Hispanics, primarily of Mexican origin.
These people were pursuing the dream of middle-class living standards and significant wealth accumulation through increase in home values, but instead found themselves living a nightmare—and some significant number have decided to leave the United States altogether.
As immigration law has encouraged low-skill immigration, it has also discouraged high-skill immigration. The H-1B visa program, the focus of much debate in the 2016 presidential campaign, tends to tie immigrants to particular employers; one might even call it a form of indentured servitude. The relatively low quotas on immigrants from India and China are a substantial barrier to newcomers from what are clearly the largest reservoirs of potential high-skill immigrants. Over the past four decades the United States has increased the flow of low-skill immigrants and constricted the flow of high-skill immigrants—exactly the opposite of what America’s Anglosphere cousins Canada and Australia have been doing.
Laws can be changed, and on immigration, where there have been so many unanticipated negative consequences, they obviously should be. It should be possible, using recently developed technology, to improve border enforcement, track visa overstayers, and give employers tools to determine whether job applicants are legally eligible. Enforcement of such measures would produce some significant “self-deportation,” as stricter legislation has produced outmigration of illegal immigrants from the state of Arizona. (According to a study by the Pew Research Center, some 200,000 illegal immigrants have left Arizona since 2007, a drop of 40 percent.)
And it should be possible to make the United States more open and welcoming to high-skill immigrants, through points systems like those in Canada and Australia. Already our immigration flow seems to be moving in the direction that such legal changes would further encourage. In recent years more immigrants have been coming to the United States from India and from China than from Mexico. This is in line with the trend that the incomes of high-skill Americans and immigrants have been increasing more than those of low-skill Americans and immigrants. No nation can allow unlimited immigration, and the United States currently admits far more legal immigrants—around one million a year—than any other nation. But it would be suicidal to exclude high-skill immigration.
Those who draft immigration law, as history has shown, are poor prognosticators. So the goal should be to fashion laws that encourage the immigration of those who can provide the most value to their new country, to enable those with the most ambitious dreams to pursue them here to the benefit of this nation and ultimately the entire world.
But policy alone will not settle the immigration debate in this country. Perhaps most important, we must discard the notion that we have arrived at a unique place in American history. The immigrants of today, like the immigrants who so concerned elites of previous generations, can be interwoven into the fabric of American life. That interweaving is part of the character of our country—provided, of course, that we remain committed to the idea of assimilation. ♦
Michael Barone, longtime coauthor of The Almanac of American Politics, is senior political analyst at the Washington Examiner and resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. His most recent book is Shaping Our Nation: How Surges of Migration Transformed America and Its Politics.
Walter A. McDougall, Freedom Just around the Corner: A New American History, 1585–1828 (New York: HarperCollins, 2004), xiii.
Bernard Bailyn, “Peopling the Peripheries,” in Sometimes an Art: Nine Essays on History (New York: Knopf, 2015).
David Hackett Fischer, Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1989).
John Steele Gordon, Washington’s Monument: And the Fascinating History of the Obelisk (New York: Bloomsbury, 2016); Art Bromirski, “What Happened to the Pope’s Gift,” Catholic Digest, November 1948, 113–14.
Ana Gonzalez-Barrera, “More Mexicans Leaving Than Coming to the U.S.,” Pew Research Center, November 19, 2015, http://www.pewhispanic.org/2015/11/19/more-mexicans-leaving-than-coming-... Lauren Carroll and Jon Greenberg, “Martin O’Malley: Net Migration from Mexico was Zero in 2014,” PolitiFact, November 14, 2015, http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2015/nov/14/martin-om....
Personal estimate of author based on data of foreclosures in www.realtytrac.com.
Bob Davis, “The Thorny Economics of Illegal Immigration,” Wall Street Journal, February 9, 2016.International Journal of Applied Research
Vol. 2, Issue 8, Part H (2016)
Growth of agriculture productivity of Odisha in post liberalization period
Agriculture is the mainstay of Odisha People where 60% of the population of the state directly depend on Agriculture for employment, income and raw materials to the Industrial sector. Last few years, though Odisha Agriculture exhibits better performance but still it lags behind in comparison to Indian Agriculture. Odisha is a state of frequent natural calamities and old and orthodox method of cultivation, so its agriculture needs a vibrant change.
The total cultivable land of the state is 61.8 lakh hectare approximately and the average annual rainfall of the state is 1455 mm. which is erratic and irregular. The cultivable land of cereals and food grain is reducing day by day. Though pulses area cultivation is reducing but it started increasing after 2006-07. Oil seeds cultivation is reducing all along the study period. But the production of cereals is increasing from 58.5 lakh M.T. of 1990 to 77 lakh M.T. in 2010-11. But rice production experiences increasing trend all along the study period. Food grain production has a increasing trend. The productivity of cereals shows increasing trend starting from 1181 kg. of 1991 to 1652 kg. In 2010-11. Pulses productivity shows decreasing trend from 561kg of 1990-91 to 481 kg. of 2010-11. Oil seeds productivity experiences decreasing trend from 821 kg. of 1991-91 to all time low of 142 kg. in 1995-96 but after that it started increasing trend of 828kg.per hectare Food Grain also experiences increasing trend from 1990-91 to 2010-11 except few years due to natural calamities.
The decadal analysis of area cultivation explains different things. The growth of cereal cultivation experiences negative trend and other crops mixed trend. The production of different crops show positive growth except the decade of 1991-2001. The productivity of different crops also show positive growth except 3rd decade i.e. 1991-2001.
How to cite this article:
Aurobinda Bej. Growth of agriculture productivity of Odisha in post liberalization period. Int J Appl Res 2016;2(8):500-503.تقاضا در پمپ بنزین های سراسر آمریکا طی چند روز گذشته از ترس اوج دوباره همهگیری ویروس کرونا ثابت مانده و پیش بینی دورنمای تقاضا برای نفت را سخت کرده است.
به گزارش نبض بازار . پس از ماه ها خالی بودن جاده ها در آمریکا، تعطیلی ها به تدریج برداشته میشوند و مردم دوباره پشت فرمان اتومبیل های خود می نشینند. ولی همه گیری ویروس کرونا دوباره شدت گرفته است. ایالتهای کالیفرنیا، فلوریدا و تگزاس مراکز ویروس کرونا در حال حاضر هستند و بهبود استفاده از خودروها که حمل و نقل جاده ای را به 85 درصد سال گذشته رسانده بود، دوباره تهدید می شود.
با برداشته شدن تعطیلی ها و بازگشایی کسب و کارها و افزایش میزان تردد خودروها، بازار نفت پس از دو ماه رکود نفس راحتی کشیده بود ولی شیوع جدید ویروس کرونا در این سه ایالت آمریکا که بزرگترین بازارهای بنزین این کشور هستند، دوباره خطر خالی شدن جاده ها و از بین بردن دورنمای بهبود تقاضا برای نفت را از بین میبرد.
تقاضا در پمپ بنزین های سراسر آمریکا طی چند روز گذشته از ترس اوج دوباره همهگیری ویروس کرونا ثابت مانده و پیش بینی دورنمای تقاضا برای نفت را سخت کرده است.
بزرگراه های ایالت هوستون که با بازگشایی کسب و کارها در اوایل ژوئن پر ترافیک شده بودند، حالا دوباره خالی شده اند.
رفت و آمد در مراکز خرده فروشی و تفریحی، فروشگاه ها، پارک ها و محل های کار در فلوریدا و تگزاس نسبت به ژانویه بسیار کاهش یافته است. رفت و آمد در کالیفرنیا در تمام مناطق به جز پارکها که 8 درصد بیشتر از زمستان است، پایین آمده است.
رابرت کمپبل، سرپرست تحقیقات محصولات نفتی در انرژی اسپکتس می گوید:« حالا نرخ اشتغال ما بسیار پایینتر آمده و بسیاری از شرکت ها به کارکنانشان میگویند بر سر کار نیایند. غیر ممکن است که تقاضا برای بنزین در تابستان امسال افزایش پیدا کند».
کالیفرنیا، تگزاس و فلوریدا 40 درصد از موارد جدید ابتلا به ویروس کرونا را در 24 ژوئن به خود اختصاص دادند. شدت گرفتن همهگیری کرونا در این سه ایالت بزرگ مصرف کننده بنزین در آمریکا بر روند بهبود تقاضا برای نفت تاثیر می گذارد. در حالی که طبق گزارش اداره اطلاعات انرژی آمریکا متوسط عرضه بنزین طی چهار هفته گذشته افزایش داشته ولی همچنان در پایین ترین حد از 1996 قرار دارد.
اگر دستور ماندن در خانه در این سه ایالت صادر شود یا بر محدودیتهای حمل و نقل در آنها اضافه شود، تقاضای بنزین شدیداً تحت تاثیر قرار میگیرد.
39907 مورد جدید ابتلا به ویروس کرونا که در روز پنج شنبه ثبت شده بود احتمال
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脑子进水了。
茶杯：噗。。。
只见笔记本冒了一股青烟儿，再也不说话了。。。
喜鹊：不管走到哪里都要牢牢记住：报喜不报忧。
妈妈们的育儿经：头胎照书养，二胎照猪喂！老婆：“亲爱滴，你送我件小礼物呗，很小的那种，就是一圈细细的，中间部分有点粗，手指头上用的，我想要！！！”
老公：“创可贴？”天，两个邮递员在中午休息时相约去路边摊吃饭。刚坐下来不久，在他们座位的左前方爬来一只蜗牛，其中一个邮递员很生气地用脚把那只蜗牛踩死了。
同伴问他：“那只蜗牛惹到你了吗？”他说：“是啊！没见过
头发和剪刀吵架了，剪刀生气地说：“哼，不理你了。”
老婆网购搓衣板，看到其中一条评论：跪的不舒服，差评！
老婆二话不说加入了购物车。。。
饥渴难耐的小明路过公厕，花了五毛钱进去大吃大喝了一顿。
皇上驾崩，一位太监当场笑出声，但他并没有被杀头，因为笑死人不偿命。
今天吴老二终于睡到自然醒，他伸了伸懒腰，看了看旁边的女人，微笑着说：“嗨！我还不知道你叫什么。”
“我也不知道你叫什么，不过我知道你这科肯定挂了。”监考老师说完收走了他的白卷。
近一年吧，拼命攒加借房子首付，吃的可谓惨不忍睹，这不过年了么，和老婆提议咱们吃点好的？
老婆想了想说：咱们加个菜，再加个鱼吧。
瞬间感动，只见老婆回身冰箱里取出一袋鱼泉榨菜…小明：老师，我以后再也不惹你生气了。老师：这样才是乖孩子，坐下听课吧，来大家翻开16页，这节课我们讲羊驼。小明：咦，草泥马。老师：继续滚出去……
一个母亲领了双胞胎儿子去商店买衣服，当营业员给他们试穿上身以后就走开了，母亲气愤地说：“你为什么不让他们照一照镜子，看看是否合身？”
营业员无辜地说：“他们只要互相看看不就可以了么。”
我深爱我的老婆，为了她，我什么都愿意做，就算当一个负心汉也在所不惜。
老婆做了错事拒不悔改，我一时没忍住动起手来，有时候真的是不打不行。。。
这不，十几巴掌过后，她摸着我红肿的脸庞心疼地说：“别打了，我知道错了还不行吗！“
我冷冷一笑，道：“这次原谅你，下次我可
金钱豹：咱从来就不差钱。带女友坐过山车，结果女友下来就呕吐不止。吐完我以为她会撒娇对我说害怕，谁知道是：“老公，我饿。”
“现在这个社会太浮躁，整天下馆子，下馆子，一点诚意没有！真正的兄弟是能在家里请你吃饭的人！”
“这他妈就是你让我打一小时车，来你家吃碗老坛酸菜面的理由！？”
黄豆又称大豆，黄豆未成熟时就是我们常吃的毛豆。大概黄片就是毛片就是从这儿来的吧！
老婆正在逛网店，忽然问我：“有个成语叫什么椟还珠来着？”
我脱口而出：“买。”
老婆迅速点了点鼠标：“好咧！”
我结婚的时候你一定要来，不然没有新娘多尴尬。躺在床上玩手机，困到手机三番五次从手中跌落，也要捡起来继续刷。我们总觉得自己最放不下的是一些人和一些事，其实，最放不下的是手机。
狗：狗急跳墙，总比兔子急了咬人好。
老婆：假如今天我跟你妈妈掉水里了你先救谁？
老公：你不上班啊？
老婆：假如是周未。
老公：那我妈要买菜做饭，那有空陪你到水边玩啊。
老婆：假如是在外面吃。
老公：那直接去吃饭就是了，去水
不要说什么换位思考，那样只会让我更欣赏自己。老公和老婆在一个公司上班，公司在20楼，有天两人吵架。
老婆大怒：“你给我滚出去！！”
老公见状，大惊，准备甩门便走。
结果身后冷冷的传来了一句：“谁叫你从门那儿滚出去的？”我和老婆一起在酒店的泳池里游泳，突然泳池里一个五岁小男孩呛了水在挣扎，眼看就要沉下去。幸亏有我妻子在，小男孩才化险为夷。——她慌忙从泳池里爬出去通知救生员，于是水位就只到小男孩下巴了。
展昭学画，只见宣纸上面一团乌黑，公孙策说他浪费纸张。
展昭冷冷道：“我这是在画包大人的肖像，懂吗？”
某人在村头发现个大坟,刨出个不知道值不值钱的碑。
他请牛人们帮忙翻译一下上面的字。结果是:盗墓者请自重,本人是穷死的!
和老婆上街，遇到一女子用日语和人打电话，不禁好奇的多看了两眼，结果老婆揪着我的耳朵说：咋？硬盘里有她？！
我身高170，弟弟183，有一次俺俩一起走在路上看到地上有一块钱的硬币，我说你看硬币，快捡起来。
他说：你捡，你离地近。
昨晚老公半夜回来，洗漱完躺床上，我背对着他，总感觉他盯着我，我转身过去，四目相对，老公深情款款的说：“媳妇儿你真好看。”
我噗一声笑了：“那不必须的事实么。”
“就是不要脸”
我去你妹的！
乌龟：老兄，你的盘子太大，想动一动，嗯，我看不容易。
海龟：哼!你的盘子小，所以啊动不动就会被人操弄，不得安宁。
吃完麻辣烫要走，服务员过来准备数签子算账。
他看了看桌子，又看了看我，诧异地问我：“你，进来两个多小时，就吃了一串？”
我没有正面回答，只是指了指桌子上的签子。
他无奈地说：“好吧，一共是八毛
老公说：晚上别加班太晚，早点回家，路上不安全。
我说：没事，我长的安全！
老公说：也许人家想换换口味呢。。。。
某人得一宝贝紫砂壶，夜必放床头。
一次失手将紫砂壶壶盖打翻，惊醒甚恼，壶盖既碎，留壶身何用？
于是抓起壶扔到窗外。
天明，发现壶盖掉在棉鞋上，无损。
恨之，一脚把壶盖踩得粉碎。
出门，见昨
听说女人都喜欢听男人说“随便刷”，于是等到吃完晚饭，我为了让媳妇开心一下，也对她说：“拿去，随便刷！”
“刷你妹啊！”媳妇把破抹布一把甩在了我脸上。
人这一生，贵在追求和坚持。我一路打拼下来，看着自己手里的20万变成500万，再从500万变成1000多万。我想要告诉大家的是：手机像素越高，拍出来的照片越清晰。那天我问老公：“亲爱的，如果有一天你见我和一男人手牵手走在路上，正好碰见了你，怎么办？”
结果他很不屑地扫了我一眼：“打。”
我说：“真的？！你这么在乎我？”
老公冷笑道：“哼，打不过他，还打不
伸手不见五指，原来是哆啦A梦。
新学期开学，又来了好多的新同学，大家在一起互相认识，自报星座。
这个说：我是狮子座（做）的；那个说：我是金牛座的，还有的说是双鱼座的、天蝎座的……
小红惊呆的瞪大了眼睛：“哎呀！你们都不是人啊。A：这下雪天走路得特别小心，否则一不小心变成楚留香的弟弟。B：楚留香的弟弟是谁？A：楚溜滑啊。妻子出差回来，怒气冲冲地责问丈夫：“你怎么把别的女人带到家里来了？”“我谁也没带啊！”丈夫辩解。老婆又问：“还记得我在哪儿工作吗？”丈夫说：“不就是在医学实验室嘛！”老婆：“我在咱们的卧室里抓到了一只
之所以成为她的“前男友”，就是因为“钱难有”！
拘留所里，记者采访小偷：你撬锁最短多长时间？
“三五分钟吧。”
“最长多久？”
“也三五分钟吧。。。”
“为啥呢？”
“撬不开，可也不敢久留啊。。。”
我：老婆，要是我得了不治之症一定不要让我知道。
老婆一个白眼：肯定不能让你知道，你要知道还不得闹着去治啊，咱家可没钱给你治。
我：。。。
小僵尸：“爸爸，他们嘲笑我是野孩子，没 有妈妈。你告诉我实话，妈妈是不是死了 ？”
僵尸爸爸：“乖孩子，你妈妈没死。”
小僵尸：“那我为什么从没见过妈妈？”
僵尸爸爸：“就是因为你妈妈没死。”
屌丝：你干过什么啊 ？
高富帅：我干过老师服务员、秘书、乘务员、司机等等。
屌丝：哇塞，你家这么有钱还要去做这种工作啊。
高富帅：噢！原来你说的是工作啊。我问我妈，我是不是被领养的？她：“真好笑，你看你丑的，我们为啥要领养你啊？”
小李车祸后双目失明，终于摆脱了近视的烦恼。
这几天在老家，遇上了村里的老光棍，打了声招呼，递上根烟，他开口问我：“小明！找女朋友没？”
听后！想想26的人了，女朋友影都没，略有点羞愧，但话还是要回漂亮的，于是说道：“不急！像我这么优秀，一表路边，一对年轻小夫妻在吵架，女的说：你这个月工资都没上交你是不是养小三了！男的：给了你不说你不要么……然后媳妇就怒了，大声吼了一句：我特么睡觉前也说不要来着你怎么就知道爬上来呢.......
A：“稀客呀，今天怎么敢上这里来。你老婆呢？”
B：“老婆呀！停业整顿了！”
A：“说人话！”
B：“韩国整容去了！”我家男人从不过洋节，情人节我根本没指望他能有什么表示，谁知他喝多了非拉我去逛商场，说要下血本给我买礼物，衣服鞋子包包首饰随便挑！
姐被幸福冲昏了头脑，从一楼到四楼逛啊选啊试啊，等终于选好让他去买单，
为什么我期盼国家强大？因为我想在70岁时能泡上一个神往中国的外国妞！在一个星级大饭店的厨房角落放着一大桶食用油，每当厨师倒完所有的油用于烧菜时，大桶对油都有生死离别的感受。不知过了多长时间，突然有人在大桶中又重新注入新的食用油，但却出现了这样的对话：大桶：你们，还是你
今天心情不错，在家陪老公说话。我：“你负责赚钱养家，我负责貌美如花。”
老公表示很惊奇：“我可以赚钱养家，你可以貌美如花吗?”
我：“不到时呢。”
老公：“都多少年了？铁树也该开花了吧？”
去野炊，有人带铲子，有人带碗筷，还有人带各种食物，但最后大家都饿肚子，因为没人愿意背锅。最讨厌和朋友吃饭，上菜了还不准动，要等他拍照后才能吃。刚刚去吃火锅，朋友说：“等一下，我拍一张！”结果duang的一下，手机掉锅里了。他正要捞，我说：“等一下，我拍一张。”
最近有女权组织表示对英国脱欧公投十分不满，希望再进行一次母投。
一辆宝马车因为司机在车里捡掉落的手机而冲入湖中，结果撞死了一条鱼。。。
这条鱼怎么也没想到会在水里被车撞死。老鼠和猫相遇，老鼠颤抖地对猫说：我是不是该安静地走开？
猫微笑着说：你知道我在等你吗？
老鼠哭喊：为什么受伤的总是我！
猫大笑：因为牵挂你的人是我。有专家说睡前玩手机影响性生活。呵呵，我去你妹的，老子有女人还玩手机？女士：“警察先生，一年前我丈夫上街去买土豆，从那以后再没回来，你说我该怎么办？” 警察：“嘿，我说你怎么就那么傻？你就别等他的土豆了，改做别的菜吧。”人生最大的错误就是在楼下等女友，下来了嘴贱说一句：你这样搭衣服不好看！！！ 结果是她又跑上去换衣服，半个小时了还没下来……一刚做完截肢手术醒来的病人问：我怎么了？医生：您遇到了车祸。病人：我在医院？医生回答：准确的说，是您的大部分在医院里。
阿紫：她有什么好，我哪里及不上她，你老是想着她，老是忘不了她？
乔峰：你样样都好，样样比她强，你只有一个缺点，你不是她。昨天买的套套，有点不好意思，于是放到客厅的空烟盒子里，随手放到床头柜上。
下班回来，无语的是，烟盒不见了，老婆说：那盒烟见你不抽，我就给你爸了……
得了绝症，医生说我没几天日子了。
看到我崩溃的样子，他安慰我：“放心的去吧，你欠医院的费用，医院会
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This is all well and good, and on paper everything looks good. But what about on clay tablets? Well, it turns out that an often seen feature of spoken Sumerian was dropping phrase-final sounds off of case particles. Don't be scared by how technical that sounds - it happens in English, too! At least in America, we have a tendency to drop the final 'g' from the '-ing' suffix, so we might pronounce 'going' as 'goin', or 'digging' as 'diggin'. Simple, right? Just drop a final sound from a particle.
In this case, the Sumerian genitive, our particle is .ak, and hence ends in a /k/ sound. In real written Sumerian, we often see phrases like lugal Urim.ak actually written as lu-gal Urim-ma, with no written acknowledgment of the final /k/ sound from the genitive particle.
But don't worry! It turns out that much of the time you'll find another case particle tacked on to the end of a genitive phrase, in which case the /k/ sound is in fact pronounced. For instance, if our phrase above were in the ergative case (which is kind of like the subject of a transitive sentence, more later), then we would add the particle .e to the end of the phrase, so we would have lugal Urim.ak.e, which would be written lu-gal Urim-ma-ke, with a pronounced /k/.
Even if you don't have other clues like this, you'll quickly see that context will normally erase any ambiguity in translation.An interesting map, most likely printed in 1845, showing the United States just before the annexation of Texas and the … See more The United States, The Relative Position of The Oregon & Texas and California
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The U.S. Army Signal Corps was given responsibility for putting in military telegraph lines connecting Army bases in 1867, and … See more U. S. Telegraph Lines in California, Arizona, New Mexico and Texas in Charge of the Chief Signal Officer, U.S.A.
The original city of Velasco was founded in Brazoria County, Texas, in 1831. Velasco was destroyed by a hurricane in … See more Map of the United States, Mexico and Central America, showing the City of Velasco, Texas
Anson Mills, after failing out at West Point in 1857, settled in El Paso, Texas, where be was hired by … See more Situacion de la Linea Divisoria entre Mexico y Los Estados UnidosStephen Chbosky'ın kendi kitabından uyarladığı ve yönettiği The Perks of Being a Wallflower filminden ilk fragman geldi. Filmin başrollerinde Emma Watson, Logan Lerman, Ezra Miller ve Nina Dobrev gibi son dönemin genç yıldızları var. Mtv Ödül Töreni'nde yayınlanan fragmana filmin yıldızlarıda törene katılarak eşlik etti.Bir Emma Watson hayranı olduğum için haliyle filmi merakla bekliyorum. Film ABD'de 14 Eylül'de vizyona girecek. Ülkemizin gösterim tarihi ise henüz belli değil.فعل-مادۀماضی-مادۀ مضارع
فعل-مادۀماضی-مادۀ مضارع.گفتیم که مادۀ فعل جزئی از آن است که در همۀ صیغه ها یکسان می ماند و تغییر نمی پذیرد. اکنون می گوییم که در زبان فارسی هر فعل دو مادۀ مختلف دارد، و با هر یک از این دو ماده یک دسته از صیغه های فعل ساخته می شود.
برای مثال فعل «نوشتن»را در نظر می گیریم.برخی از صیغه هایی که از این فعل ساخته می شود از این قرار است:
نوشتم می نویسم
می نوشتم بنویسم
نوشته ام بنویس
نوشته باشم
نوشته بودم
چنان که می بینیم این صیغه ها به دو دسته تقسیم شده اند. در دستۀ اول جزئی که ثابت است و تغییر نمی کند نوشت است و در دسته ی دوم نویس است.اما صیغه های ستون اول یعنی صیغه هایی که جزء ثابت آنها نوشت است بر زمان گذشته دلالت می کند و صیغه های ستون دوم یعنی صیغه هایی که جزء ثابت آنها نویس است زمان حال و آینده را می سازند.
پس ماده ی صیغه های دسته ی نخستین را ماده ی ماضی و ماده ی صیغه های دسته دوم را ماده ی مضارع می نامیم.
در زبان فارسی هر فعلی دو ماده دارد:
یکی ماده ی ماضی و دیگری ماده ی مضارع.همه ی صیغه هایی که بر زمان گذشته دلالت می کند از ماده ی ماضی ساخته می شود،و صیغه هایی که معنی حال و آینده از آنها بر می آید ماده ی مضارع مشتق است.
هر صیغه ی فعل که بر شخصی در زمان معینی دلالت می کند از ترکیب یکی از دو ماده ی فعل با جزء تغییرپذیر یعنی شناسه ساخته می شود. در بعضی صیغه ها گاه جزء سومی به نام جزء پیشین به آغاز فعل افزوده می شود.اجزایی که در اول فعل های فارسی در می آید دو است:یکی می و دیگری ب . در صیغه ی می رفتم یک ماده ی فعل هست:یک شناسه:م .یک جزء پیشین :می.
در صیغه ی بنویسی نیز همین سه جزء است:
نویس=ماده
ی=شناسه
ب=جزء پیشین
جزء پیشین جزئی است که به اول ماده ی فعل افزوده می شود.Photo: Eprah1 (flickr)
Humans may be one of the smartest animals on the planet, but when it comes to remembering where things are, Clark’s nutcrackers have us beat.
A relative of jays and crows, nutcrackers hide pine seeds in the ground each autumn so they have a source of food during the Colorado Rocky Mountain winter. They cache as many as 30,000 seeds in 5,000 different locations over a fifteen square mile area. Since they cannot smell the seeds buried in the soil very well, they must use their remarkable spatial memory to find them.
Nutcrackers are not the only animals that cache food. Caching behavior is seen in birds, mammals and even insects. Chickadees store collections of seeds, insects and spiders in the bark of trees or under leaves. Red squirrels cut conifer cones from trees and bury them in plant litter on the forest floor. Harvester ants bring seeds back to their nests and store them in chambers, while honey bees save nectar and pollen in their hive.
Because nutcrackers are one of the best at remembering cache locations, researchers are studying them to find out why they have such great memories. Scientists know that the nutcracker’s abilities evolved because of environmental pressure. Nutcrackers with poor memories did not likely survive the harsh mountain winters. Now researchers want to find out how the brains of nutcrackers are different from other brains. They are particularly interested in the hippocampus, a small area of the brain that helps form memories. Finding out how the nutcracker’s brain is different from other species may give us clues to why humans have memory problems. It may even lead to a cure for Alzheimer’s disease.The Schwenkfelders, a group of people who followed the teachings of Caspar Schwenkfeld, came to America from Silesia (at the time Silesia was part of Germany, currently it is part of Poland) to flee religious persecution. Because they were unwilling to conform to the Catholic, or Lutheran, teachings, they were persecuted in Silesia. From 1580-1799 they were put in prisons, taken to Vienna forced to work in the trenches and chained to the galleys to serve in the war against the Turks. In later years, they were forced to bury their dead in the driftways where the cattle were gathered, with no ceremony, and no relatives or friends permitted to attend the burial. One prisoner wrote ""One would crawl away from such a Christianity if one could not run."
There was a brief reprieve in their persecution during the 30 year war, 1618-48, while attentions were diverted to the war. But the reprieve did not last.
In 1725 an edict was granted that all of the Schwenkenfeld children must be catechized, or they would be removed from their families and placed in Catholic homes. Faced with losing their children, the Schwenkfelders began to plan their escape.
First they traveled to Saxony, and for 7 years they enjoyed peace under the protection of Count Zinzendorf. The Count wanted to form one unified church with the Moravians and Schwenkfelders, among others, but the groups preferred to meet on their own in private homes. On July 17 1732 the Austrian Empire requested information on the Schwenkfelds from the Count, and he was ordered to remove no one else from their empire. On April 4, 1733, the Count was advised by an official of the Saxon government that the Schwenkfelders could no longer be protected. They Saxon government gave them one year to prepare for departure.
"Meanwhile, in 1730 and 1731, three sons of one of several Schultz families had ventured forth from Saxony to Holland to engage in the saffron trade. One went to the Dutch East Indies, one remained in Holland, and the third went to Pennsylvania. In 1733 the remaining members of the family also migrated to Pennsylvania. Accounts of their safe arrival and entire satisfaction came back to the group in Saxony. Pennsylvania now seemed to be their definite goal. Count Zinzendorf and the Moravians became interested in a colony in Georgia, and the Schwenkfelders were willing to consider Georgia as a possibility, but their conditions were not met and the project fell through.
Having secured permission from the English government to settle in Pennsylvania, the Schwenkfelders started on their journey. . On April 20, 1734, the first family left Saxony on thetrek to the Elbe River, fifty or more miles westward. They had been advised not to travel in one body for fear of attracting attention. Emigration was looked upon with disfavor. Moreover, their former persecutors in Silesia might intercept them. Other family groups followed daily, at intervals, for eight days until forty families numbering 180 individuals had arrived at Pirna on the Elbe, above Dresden. When all had assembled there, they embarked on the same day on boats for Hamburg-Altona where Mennonite merchants, the Van der Smissen family, to whom the Schwenkfelders had been commended by their erstwhile Holland benefactors, provided food and lodging gratis for eleven days, engaged three sailing vessels, and paid for their passage to Holland.
On the North Sea a violent storm separated the vessels. Each feared the others lost, but all arrived safely. In Haarlem another merchant family, van Buissant, entertained them for fifteen days, engaged an English sailing vessel (the St. Andrew, John Stedman, Captain) to convey them across the Atlantic. They also lavished upon them provisions for the voyage, gave them money for the poor when they reached Pennsylvania, and paid the passage thither for the whole group, in spite of the Schwenkfelders' grateful protest.
On June 28, 1734, they sailed from Rotterdam. Palatines swelled the number of passengers on board to three hundred. A diary of the entire journey, written by Christopher Schultz, an orphan sixteen years of age, relates that at one point the vessel lay still for a long while in a great calm. At another time a violent storm dashed the waves over the side of the ship, drenching their bedding and baggage. Their books, still preserved, show the water stains. Death took nine of their number: six little children, a young man of twenty years, a young mother, and an aged grandmother.
The bodies were weighted and committed to the sea.
The St. Andrew docked at Philadelphia, September 22 (New Style), 1734. The captain's list of passengers is preserved in the Schwenkfelder Library, Pennsburg, Pennsylvania. On the 23rd all males sixteen years of age and over were required to promise allegiance to the King of Great Britain and to the Proprietor of the Province. This document with signatures appended is also preserved.
On the following day, September 24, George Weiss, their spiritual leader, conducted an all-day Thanksgiving Service., This day of Remembrance and Thanksgiving has been observed by the Schwenkfelders in Pennsylvania annually to the present time, at first in their log-cabin homes and barns, or under the open sky, if weather permitted; later in their school and meeting houses; and latterly in their modern church edifices. This day has never been vulgarized by feasting. It is observed as a day of worship, thanksgiving, remembrance, spiritual edification, and new vision. The vast and intriguing panorama of the New World now lay stretched out before them. Like panting deer who have escaped the hunter's missiles, the little company separated and scattered into Penn's Woods. Unable to acquire a large tract of land whereon all of them could settle in close proximity to each other, the individual families settled in different localities, wherever smaller tracts were available, within a radius of about fifty miles northwestward of Philadelphia in what are now the counties of Montgomery, Bucks, Berks, and Lehigh; at Germantown, ChestnutHill, Towamencin, Skippack, Frederick, Goshenhoppen, Milford, Macungie, and Oley. In 1767, David Schultz, a surveyor, drafted two maps showing the location of the different families. These he sent to the friends and relatives who had remained in Silesia. The same maps were found in the parish house in old Harpersdorf and brought back in 1919 to the Schwenkfelder Library in Pennsburg,
built on land originally owned by the surveyor." - from the Schwenkfelders in PA by Schultz
The Schwenkfelders In Pennsylvania by Selena Schultz
The Schwenkfelders, A Historical Sketch by Hedrick
Schwenkfelder Marriages (Including Cake Recipe)
The Schwenkdenfelders & Apple Butter
The Schwenkfelder Library & History Center
The Schwenkfelder Exile Society
(Through Dan's Paternal Lines)
The Brown/Truckenmiller Connection to the Schwenkfelders:Beyer Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Yeakel Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Kreibel Line to Thelma Clara (Brown) Truckenmiller
Anders Line to Thelma Clara Brown
David Yeakel 1762-1820 married Anna Kreibel 1766-1841Maria Yeakel 1791-1854 married Daniel HeinThelma Brown married Ward Welsh TruckenmillerCharles "Fred" Truckenmiller married Patsy Ann Smith
" The Schwenkfelders endured years of oppression. Enslaved on ships, jailed, fined and put in stocks, they were not allowed freedom of worship sporadically for 150 years. Persecution sometimes came from Lutherans or Catholics, and often from government officials. The Schwenkfelders were subject to changes in the political climate, which were frequent and severe.By 1700, all Schwenkfelders were living the village of Harpersdorf and the surrounding area. Two Jesuit priests were sent to the region in 1719 to convert them to Roman Catholicism by order of the Emperor. At first, the priests imposed a few rules, but they soon found that the Schwenkfelder spirit was not easy to break and persecution intensified. Prohibition of Schwenkfelder burials on consecrated ground was among the sanctions exacted by the Jesuits. The Schwenkfelders instead were forced to bury their dead in potters' fields outside Harpersdorf. The Jesuits did not allow any of the Schwenkfelders to sell their property and leave town.
In the early 1720s appeals were made in Vienna for toleration,but were rejected. By 1726, many of the families were desperate to escape. Their leaders secretly contacted Count Nicholas Ludwig von Zinzendorf in Berthelsdorf, Saxony, for shelter. Four years before, Zinzendorf had provided a home to the Moravians, another Protestant sect. Beginning in February 1726 and continuing into the following months, families quietly crept from their homes in Harpersdorf at night. Over 500 of the faithful would take this fateful path. They fled with only the clothes on their backs and a few hand carried items, across the border to Saxony and their unknown future.
They decided to settle in Pennsylvania, already home to German immigrants and others seeking religious freedom. They arrived at the port of Philadelphia in six migrations from 1731 to 1737. The largest group of Schwenkfelders set sail on the St. Andrew from Haarlem, Holland in June, 1734. After a grueling and often tragic voyage, they landed at Philadelphia on September 22, 1734. On the following day, the Schwenkfelder men over age 16 took an oath of allegiance to the British crown, either by signing the oath or by a handshake. George Weiss, a self-educated Schwenkfelder pastor, held the first Day of Remembrance, or Gedächtnestag, on September 24. Each year on the Sunday closest to September 24, Schwenkfelders gather to honor their past. While sharing the simple meal of bread and butter, apple butter and water, today's Schwenkfelders remember what the immigrants endured for their faith. Gedächtnestag is the oldest continually celebrated day of thanksgiving in the United States."
Schwenkfelder immigrationThe
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）里，有一系列与马克.吐温相关的景点，如“马克.吐温童年故居纪念馆”（ Mark Twain Boyhood Home and Museum）等。
马克吐温标志
从汉尼拔出发向西行驶约90分钟，能到达马瑟琳（Marceline），它是另一位大名人——华特.迪士尼的故乡。虽然这位动画产业的先驱仅在童年时期在此住过短短几年，但这里的一切都在他心中留下了深深的烙印。至今，所有美国迪士尼乐园的主街都是以马瑟琳小镇为原型建造，迪士尼度假区中甚至还有名为“马瑟琳镇糖果”（ Marceline’s Confectionary）的甜品店。
在马瑟琳的“华特.迪士尼故乡博物馆”（ Walt Disney Hometown Museum ）中，珍藏有大量迪士尼家族的纪念品。这个博物馆建在小镇停用的旧火车站中，当年迪士尼和家人从芝加哥搬到马瑟琳时，他们的火车正是经停于此，而迪士尼本人也是一名火车迷。
沿着36号公路继续向西前行，会到达拉克利德（Laclede）。这个小镇是Gen. John J. Pershing将军的故乡，为纪念这位伟大的美国军事领袖，小镇中建有“Gen. John J. Pershing故乡纪念馆”（ Gen. John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site ）。Pershing生前被任命为陆军特级上将，这使他成为美国历史上军衔最高的官员。Pershing从小生活在拉克利德，纪念馆中展示了许多他曾经生活和工作的细节，譬如他是如何在第一次世界大战中崭露头角，并逐渐赢得国际知名度。
马克吐温山洞
沿着36号公路再往西开一小段路，就能到达“切片面包之乡”——奇利科西（Chillicothe）。1928年的夏天，面包店老板Frank Bench正濒临破产，急需新产品来拯救他的生意，此时，面包切片机的发明者Otto Rohwedder恰巧推开了他的店门。Bench采购了Otto的机器，并于1928年7月7日，在当地的杂货店以“奇利科西烘焙公司”之名，小范围上架了第一批切片面包，当地的顾客非常喜欢这种方便的切片面包，这种面包界的创新取得了巨大成功。
Rohwedder切面包机原型中的一台如今在奇利科西的“格兰德河社会历史博物馆”（Grand River Historical Society Museum ）中展出，这台机器是从华盛顿的史密森学会借来的展品，会在此展出到2019年。
马克.吐温童年故居纪念馆
36号公路最西边的城市是圣约瑟夫（St. Joseph），它因为是“驿马信使”（The Pony Express）的诞辰地而闻名于世。同时，这里也是著名的江洋大盗Jesse James的殒命之地。圣约瑟夫是36号公路沿线最大的城市，这座城市充满历史气息，还有许多值得探索的博物馆。
“驿马信使国家博物馆”（Pony Express National Museum ），是为致敬那些勇敢的骑士们，他们背井离乡去西部送信，有时一趟行程就长达10天。在美国内战前，这是西部与外界沟通的主要方式。直到电报机时代到来，驿马信使才逐渐消失。
在圣约瑟夫，你可以拜访“Jesse James纪念馆”（ Jesse James Home ）,看看这位传奇匪徒曾经居住过的地方，也正是在这里，Jesse James被他帮派中的一名年轻成员Bob Ford枪杀。纪念馆的隔壁就是帕蒂博物馆（Patee House Museum），这座博物馆所在的大楼曾是旅店，后被用作驿马信使的总部。帕蒂博物馆能让游客深入了解当地历史，了解圣约瑟夫是如何成为了“蛮荒西部”的起点。
沿着这条“美国天才之路”来一次公路旅行，你一定会更了解密苏里州。值得一提的是，所谓的“36号公路通道”（“Highway 36 Corridor”）是在公路本身的基础上，再往南北各纵深36英里。在这条通道上，也有许多景点值得一看，沿途有酿酒厂，餐厅，小商店，户外活动场所等，它们正是你观赏美国乡村风光的绝佳机会。更多信息，请至官网垂询：AmericanGeniusHighway.com
美国国家旅游局GoUSA版权所有，未经许可擅自转载，必将追究法律责任！
驿马信使
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目的地One of the animals that continue to be a rarity on snapshot Serengeti is the rhino. We have had a handful of capture events over the years.
There are two species of rhino found in Africa; the white or square lipped and the black or hook lipped. The Serengeti is home to the latter. It is a large bulky mammal and as such many a hopeful #Rhino has turned out to be a blurry image of an elephant or buffalo. Things can get confusing with some of the images but isn’t that half the challenge trying to guess those indescribable blobs? Surely it wouldn’t be the same if everything was easy to id?
Anyway back to Serengeti rhinos.
Just 50 years ago between 500 and 700 Eastern Black Rhino (Diceros bicornis michaeli) roamed the Serengeti-Mara ecosystem but during the seventies the population was decimated by poaching to around 10 or so individuals.
A huge effort is being made by various conservation and government bodies with enormous donations by private individuals to save the population from total extinction. Notably a remnant population in the park was highly protected and slowly, over the next few decades the population made some recovery. In 2010 it was decided that the Serengeti area was being protected well enough to try and bolster the resident rhinos with new genetic stock. It just so happened that a private owner in South Africa had a breeding herd of Eastern black rhino that had been part of the attempt to safe guard the subspecies back in the 60’s, these animals had originated from Kenya. With strict controls by IUCN officials it was deemed these animals were of the right genetic stock to be reintroduced to the Serengeti.
The plan was to translocate 32 rhinos over the next few years and release them in a new site close enough to allow some overlap with the resident 30 or so rhino. Unfortunately the project has been affected by the recent escalation in rhino poaching and it is difficult to find how many rhino have been successfully translocated to date let alone the current Serengeti total population but you can bet it is still small. The IUCN red data list states Tanzania as having 88 Eastern Black Rhino in 2011.
If you are lucky enough to stumble across a rhino capture on Snapshot Serengeti you should definitely celebrate … and don’t forget to # it.Book Publishing: religion
Language: Ancient Aramaic
“Pshitta” – Books of the Old and New Testaments in the old Aramaic language.
The Old Testament Books of “Pshitta” are considered to be the earliest sample of Syro – Aramaic literature which probably appeared in the second century A.D. In contrast to the majority of first churches founded their translations of the Old Testament on the Septuagint (collection of translations of the Old Testament into the old Greek language, accomplished in Alexandria in the third – second centuries B.C.), Syro – Aramaic churches used “Pshitta” translated directly from Hebrew. Books of the New Testament were translated at the beginning of the fifth century A.D. Obviously they were gathered and remade by the bishop of Edessa Rabbula. This translation had made before a split in the Church of the East in 431, because “Pshitta” is accepted by eastern (Nestorian) and western (Jacobite) branches, as well, so it had definite status before the split of the Church.
In 2010, a new edition of “Pshitta” was published with renewed print. The work lasted more than three years. This book was published in Minsk.Will the Fed Raise Interest Rates? ‘Trump Slump’ Stock Market Could Fall Further – For much of his first two years as president, Donald Trump has liked nothing better than bragging about the stock market. Over dinners at Mar-a-Lago, he would revel in listening to friends tell him.
What is MARKET INTEREST RATE – Black's Law Dictionary – What is MARKET INTEREST RATE?. 1. Prevailing cash deposits interest rate offered. Deposits’ demand and supply, deposit duration, and deposit amount determine the rate: the longer the duration and the higher the amount, then the higher the rate.
What is interest rate? definition and meaning. – The annualized cost of credit or debt-capital computed as the percentage ratio of interest to the principal.. Each bank can determine its own interest rate on loans but, in practice, local rates are about the same from bank to bank.In general, interest rates rise in times of inflation, greater demand for credit, tight money supply, or due to higher reserve requirements for banks.
What is market interest rate? definition and meaning. – Definition of market interest rate: The prevailing rate of interest offered on cash deposits, determined by demand and supply of deposits and based on the duration (the longer the duration, the higher the rate) and amount (the higher.
Us Prime Interest Rate Today The ‘achche din’ Modi talked about was his own: Ajit Singh – Today, the CBI and the ED are. in his "Mann ki Baat" radio programme, the prime minister said he was a "fakir" (a.
Regime-switching in emerging market business cycles. – 1. Introduction. emerging market economy (eme) business cycles differ from those of developed economies in two key respects. First, external interest rates are a primary driver of the real business cycle: interest rates are markedly countercyclical and economic activity responds to shocks not only to the level, but also to the volatility of interest rates. 1 Second, EMEs are subject to.
The interest rate that moves markets is the federal funds rate. Also known as the discount rate, this is the rate depository institutions are charged for borrowing money from Federal Reserve banks.
Prime Home Loan Interest Rate United states prime rate – The United States prime rate website. united states prime Rate: The Current U.S. (Fed) Prime Rate is: 5.50% December 19, 2018: The FOMC has voted to raise the target range for the fed funds rate to 2.25% – 2.50%. Therefore, the United States Prime Rate is now 5.50%,
Money market accounts allow check writing, but like a savings account, there is a limit of six withdrawals per month. A combination of interest rates and account features make money market accounts attractive in some circumstances.
· The interest rate that moves markets is the federal funds rate. Also known as the discount rate, this is the rate depository institutions are charged for.
'Efficient Market' Interest Rate for 'Momentive' – Law Journal Newsletters – The appellate court instructed the bankruptcy court to apply an “efficient market rate” of interest to the senior secured notes issued under the.
What Do Interest Rates Have to Do With Stock-Market Returns? – Many investors fear that stock prices will plunge when the Fed raises interest rates to “normal levels.” Others say, not to worry, the Fed only controls short-term interest rates, and stock prices.
Jim Grant: The World Created by Upside-Down Interest Rates – But the central bankers misjudged the human animal. Confronted with a novelty unprecedented in 4,000 years of interest-rate.即在马拉松式节目在墨西哥期间发送视频的生产所需的购买的系统的编辑和以低成本管理所有记录材料和工作方便。
通过的EditShare
每年十二月，墨西哥参加马拉松27个小时的电视直播与筹集资金，让暴击的发展（Teleton儿童康复中心）的主要目标。 在这些27小时，27迷你纪录片，告诉克服各种障碍，包括自闭症或癌症的儿童的故事。
这些纪录片脱颖而出，成为康复中心已经通过医疗，教育和激励援助的恢复过程中，帮助这些孩子。 我们的目标是帮助他融入家庭，社会和学校。
“本次活动是展现在最伟大的墨西哥电视和节目内容的35％是由我们生产的纪录片，”安德烈斯·希门尼斯CASCELLA，后期制作的马拉松式节目基金会协调员，位于北部的说墨西哥州。
他补充说，“我们的生产采用了生产者和两个生产协调员谁监督的最终结果。” 此外，他们在墨西哥做了伟大的工作，其他的27纪录片在马拉松式节目在美国播出的版本使用相同的生产结构产生的。
许多故事
安德烈告诉我们，“每年，有很多更多的故事审查27。 因此，一旦导演拍摄采访和其他材料，他或她返回到编辑和制作了“传情”，教他们的同事。 所有董事表决哪些故事变成有马拉松式节目的广播中播出的纪录片“。
有很多面的每一个故事，孩子与父母的互动，进步治疗，等等。 每个故事需要大量的采访，导致显著代视频材料制成。 随着生产这么多的镜头，而需要改造期间跟踪每个孩子的进步，生产队需要一个非常有效的方式来处理这些文件。
当马拉松式节目开始生产运营，该格式是的MiniDV，而材料仍然在今天发生的故事中。 今天，大部分材料是使用松下HVX2000和HPX170，以及D600尼康单反相机产生的。 选择编辑系统是的Adobe Premiere和Final Cut Pro 7。
“到今年为止，我们都保持在SAN材料与LTO小型手动档。 该系统已经为我们服务从2010但它的扩张并没有按照我们的可能性预算。 每年XNUMX周围出现TB的成长光盘的成本太高，“安德鲁说。
这样他就可以在调查2013月他对NAB访问期间几种选择。 “我们测试了几乎所有可用的系统，并决定采用该解决方案的EditShare公司。 因为它提供了同样重要的，是它的成本。 我们有非常有限的预算工作，我们必须使每一分钱都算。“
其结果是，在六月完成马拉松式节目的64TB一个西河的安装，包括流量进行文件管理和磁带48 LTO6方舟库。
现金流
安德烈斯强调，“先进的文件管理和提供的EditShare是我们生产故事的发展是必不可少的项目。 马拉松式节目编辑器可以很容易采取产生的导演“传情”，并从那里走。 当一个故事进入开发后期制作决定进行色彩校正和检查音频。 共享文件和项目daclave我们的能力来管理董事和后期制作部门之间的协作。“
安德鲁解释说，使用方舟马拉松式节目已给予有效地管理岗位的过程中你的文件的能力。 “方舟磁带可以让我们很容易归档和检索材料。 这是非常经济的，而且很容易生长。 代理服务器自动生成的文件，使流动系统可以方便的搜索和档案材料的获取“。
突出的另一个好处是它可以处理多种格式没有冲突的方式。 无论是的MiniDV，P2或DSLR，处理所有格式，没有任何问题。 此外，马拉松式节目使用功能的摄入trascodificando直接向DVCPROHD西河星汇的集中存储，释放出版商编辑文件的岛屿。
据安德鲁，它允许计算机控制以有效的方式生产预算
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的魔力碎片还没来得及散开就被莉琪的法术裹挟，让破坏力进一步加强。
覆巢之下焉有完卵，与防御法术营造出的障壁只有一线之隔的大门下一秒就被威力十足的冲击撞上，出了一声沉闷的轰响。与轰响一同传来的，还有某种类似木块的东西被巨力折断的咔嚓声。
破溃——
一切防御手段都是徒劳，在轰然的冲击下溃不成军。
这是法术将能量转化为冲击的术式，用来突破障碍的突进式攻击法术。大到摧毁群聚在法术运动轨迹前方的障碍，小到清理出一条干净的道路，只要控制魔力的出力量就能调整冲击的威力大小。
显然，现在莉琪为了打开修道院的大门将法术的威力提高了不少，让其爆的冲击力足以和攻城锤相若。如果对象是一个普通的木门早就被奔驰的魔力打成碎片了，现在这扇大门只因为其硬度才勉强撑住没有变形。
虽然大门撑得住冲击的威力，但这不代表用于稳固大门的门栓能挡得住。附于外墙上的防御法术都被高强度的冲击力摧毁殆尽，哪还容得下一根木质的门栓逞能？那被折断的声音便是由它出的惨叫。
支撑不住的大门一下子敞开，刻绘在大门上的太阳圣徽向被切开来一样这种分开，青灰色的大门出悲鸣似的低鸣。莉琪确实没有要拆了这扇大门，只是用蛮横无理的办法将它硬生生踹开罢了。
直愣愣地看着被暴力手段打开的大门，米欧?迪斯塔德似乎陷入了混乱中。她不断地摇晃着脑袋，时不时还在低声自言自语，好像是自己在和自己进行着争论，看来都快搞不清楚哪边才是恶人了。
的确，从出diǎn来看，奥斯卡和莉琪本来是要救回被丹佛斯他们带走的赫本。帮助朋友，这是一件理所当然的好事。
可是从莉琪的行径上来看，就未必如此了。
冲入一座村庄，用残忍的手法杀害守护兽，还用法术强行轰开修道院的大门——这样的行为简直是在强攻私有地啊！无论单独挑出哪一条进行考虑，莉琪现在的所作所为和强盗几乎没什么区别。
奥斯卡有diǎn同情的看着她，本来她听説赫本失踪就自告奋勇的加入调查，也用了自己的办法来为调查提供帮助，他对她还是颇有好感的，所以让她因为好意而卷入这场麻烦中，奥斯卡感到有些抱歉。
调查才刚刚有所成效，就让她遭遇了这种平日里闻所未闻见所未见的状况，想要让她一下子就接受实在有些不容易。不过他回想起自己的遭遇，一想到自己似乎也是这样走过来的，他就很无奈的叹了口气……
用不了多久她也会习惯这些事情的——就和当时的自己一样。
站在通往修道院内侧的门廊下，莉琪没好气的喊着：“喂！奥斯卡，还有米欧?迪斯塔德！你们两个还在这里磨蹭什么？我们还有很长的路要走，你们再不快diǎn，就干脆留在这里等我回来好了！”
道路的前方，是修道院荒芜的庭院。未完待续请搜索，更好更新更快!北京前海股骨头医院的具体地址
北京前海股骨头医院具体地址在哪里
北京前海股骨头医院官网
北京前海股骨头医院好不好
北京前海股骨头医院看病好不好تمرین عصر امروز تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس در ورزشگاه شهید کاظمی برگزار شد.
به گزارش ایلنا و به نقل از سایت باشگاه پرسپولیس، تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس تمرین عصر امروز دوشنبه را از ساعت 17 در ورزشگاه شهید کاظمی برگزار کرد.
* سرخپوشان ابتدا در سالن بدنسازی حاضر شدند و زیر نظر مارکو به گرم کردن بدن ها پرداختند.
* بازیکنان پس از ورود به زمین چمن، در نصف زمین به ارسال پاس های کوتاه، بلند و ارسال و ضربه به سمت دروازه روی آوردند.
* در این بخش از تمرین، ابوالفضل درویش وند درون دروازه بود و رادوشوویچ نیز با ایگور به تمرینات اختصاصی پرداخت.
* در مرحله بعد، ارسال کرنر، ضربه به سمت دروازه، ارسال از جناحین و ضربات ایستگاهی در دستور کار قرار گرفت.
* مرور کارهای تیمی و تاکتیکی با یادآوری نکات لازم از سوی برانکو به بازیکنان انجام شد.
* بازیکنان پس از پایان تمرین امروز به زدن ضربه ایستگاهی و پنالتی روی آوردند.
آخرین جلسه تمرینی سرخپوشان پیش از دیدار برابر نساجی مازندران، فردا سه شنبه در ورزشگاه شهید کاظمی برگزار خواهد شد.Step 15: Now draw the sugar glider's hind feet using the two remaining circles as guides. Draw the hind feet the same way as the front feet. The bottom section should be within the circle, and the toes should stick out. The final foot should be smaller because of the angle and should therefore fit mostly within the shape of the initial circle.
Step 16: Draw the outline of the sugar glider's body using the diamond shape using a series of curved lines. The initial diamond shape represents the flaps used to glide. Draw the actual body that the flaps are connected to as curved lines under the head. Use quick, short strokes as you draw the outline of the body and lower legs to represent the furry underside.
Step 17: Use the diamond shape as a guide to draw the open guide flaps. Follow the basic path of the guides as you darken the lines but make them curve more. Draw some curved lines close to the edge of the sugar glider's gliding flaps as extra detail. Use a series of quick, short strokes as you follow the path of the guide line to create the furry section at the bottom.
Step 18: Use the curved line on the left as a guide to draw the furry tail. Follow the basic path of the line as you draw the tail around the guide. Use quick, short strokes to represent the furry texture of the sugar glider's tail.
Step 19 (optional): For a cleaner look, erase as much as you can of the initial guide lines. Don't worry about erasing all of the guides. It's okay to leave some behind. Re-draw any final sketch lines that you may have accidentally erased.
Final Step (optional): Add some shading to your sugar glider drawing to give it more dimension and volume. Pick the direction of the light source when shading so that the shadows are consistent with it. Vary the pressure on your pencil to get different degrees of tonal value.
You can add more value throughout your sugar glider drawing for extra detail. Push on your pencil a bit harder to create a stripe on the head and darker fur around the sugar glider's eyes. Use a lighter value for the rest of the sugar glider's head. The fur on the underside of the body is light as well, so use a lighter value here too. Add the value lightly at first, then gradually build up to the level of darkness that you want. Add the value by using strokes that go in the general direction of the sugar glider's fur. If you want a more accurate sugar glider drawing, it's a good idea to use reference as you draw. Some people keep sugar gliders as pets. If you have a pet sugar glider, try to duplicate its pattern on your drawing. Remember to pause the "How to Draw a Sugar Glider" video after each step to draw at your own pace.
Thanks for watching! Subscribe to the How2DrawAnimals YouTube Channel for a new tutorial every Tuesday.
To learn how to draw popular cartoon characters, visit EasyDrawingTutorials.com.سید علی آقازاده روز دوشنبه در نشست ستاد راهبری و مدیریت اقتصاد مقاومتی استان مرکزی در شهرستان کمیجان، اظهار داشت: صادرات کالاهای استان مرکزی از ابتدای سال جاری تاکنون نسبت به مدت مشابه سال قبل بیش از ۲۰درصد افزایش داشته که این افزایش به رغم تنگناهای اقتصادی موجود رقم خورده است.
استاندار مرکزی افزود: امسال صادرات محصولات تولیدی استان مرکزی طی چهارماه نخست به ۳۶۷ میلیون دلار رسیده در حالی که واردات این استان نسبت به مدت مشابه سال قبل ۱۰درصد کاهش یافته است.
آقازاده در بخش دیگر سخنان خود بیان کرد: با توجه به اینکه امسال درآمد دولت از محل فروش نفت تاکنون نسبت به پیش بینی صورت گرفته در لایحه بودجه بیشتر بوده، در زمینه تامین ارز و تهیه مواد اولیه و تجهیزات تولید دغدغه ای وجود ندارد.
استاندار مرکزی خاطرنشان ساخت: امسال در سطح کشور به دلیل کاهش بارندگی و عدم فعالیت نیروگاه های تولید انرژی آبی، با کاهش تولید انرژی روبرو هستیم و به همین سبب دچار خاموشی و قطع برق هستیم. در این رابطه قطعی برق در شهرک های صنعتی و سایر نقاط، به مدت یک روز در هفته در دستور کار قرار گرفته تا کسری موجود جبران شود.
وی در بخش دیگر سخنان خود با اشاره به نشست های ستاد راهبری و مدیریت اقتصاد مقاومتی استان تصریح کرد: برمبنای ارزیابی صورت گرفته، تاکنون ۹۰درصد از مصوبات ستاد اقتصاد مقاومتی استان مرکزی اجرایی شده است.
آقازاده با اشاره به ضرورت ارتقای وضعیت زیرساخت های شهرستان کمیجان تاکید کرد: شهرستان کمیجان در رابطه با تسهیلات اشتغال روستایی از اعتبار خوبی نسبت به سایر نقاط استان برخوردار شده و همچنین ۳۰ میلیارد ریال اعتبار برای حوزه راهسازی این شهرستان در نظر گرفته شده است.in largo?
sempre più persone iscritte parlano di Glande in erezione così come le vostre esperienze di successo insieme con l'uso del prodotto premium. Le testimonianze ti incuriosiscono. Sei infelice con la tua virilità? Vuoi un'erezione più forte, più persistente e più grande?
Glande in erezione potrebbe essere la risposta alla tua causa. Perché molti rapporti di test dicono che Glande in erezione all'accresciuta reputazione. Nel seguente post del blog abbiamo controllato per voi in che misura tutto questo è veritiero e come dovrebbero usare il rimedio per risultati perfetti.
Vuoi che il tuo amante, anche di fronte ad altre donne, segnali la tua manodopera?
Non tutti lo vogliono? La resistenza a letto è direttamente correlata alla mascolinità, quindi solo un ragazzo con una forte potenza è considerato un vero uomo.
È sempre un po' difficile da accettare, ma hai l'opportunità di accettare le cose e migliorare in futuro. Sicuramente non si vuole essere nella categoria di ragazzi rovinare la loro relazione a causa di disfunzione erettile non trattata.
Forse ancora più grave: non si ha la possibilità a tutti con le signore, perché non si parla con loro a tutti a causa del dubbio di sé. Vuoi sapere un segreto?
Non puoi fare un segreto della tua mancanza di fermezza. Le donne noteranno che hai perso l'autostima necessaria e ti percepiscono come irrilevanti. Analogamente, Schede allenamento calcio piccoli amici può essere un'esecuzione dei test.
Questo è dove Glande in erezione viene utilizzato con il suo effetto: un legame rigido, più potere durante il rapporto sessuale, una passione incandescente e una fiducia in se stessi chiaramente superiore. Questo è ciò di cui è scritto in molti posti.
Se ti affidi a recensioni positive dei clienti, dovresti ottenere la tua cura Glande in erezione il prima possibile e iniziare.
Cosa dovrebbe andare storto? Quindi, se volete sentire la nostra opinione, vi consigliamo vivamente di prendere il farmaco.
Che cosa si sa generalmente di Glande in erezione?
Glande in erezione non si basa su ingredienti sintetici ed è stato accuratamente provato da innumerevoli uomini. E 'diventato noto ovunque per i suoi effetti collaterali a malapena esistenti e il rapporto super costo-prestazioni.
Inoltre, l'acquisizione avviene in modo confidenziale, senza prescrizione medica e anche senza sforzo tramite il World Wide Web - naturalmente, vengonorispettati i più elevati standard di sicurezza (crittografia SSL, riservatezza dei dati e così via).
Non Glande in erezione è la decisione giusta per te come cliente?
Questo può essere spiegato facilmente. Le valutazioni mostrano che Glande in erezione non sarebbe efficace per alcuni uomini e donne.
Non dare per scontato che possano solo prendere Glande in erezione e subito eventuali problemi sarebbero spariti. Concediti del tempo. Questo deve essere chiarito a voi.
Dovrebbero avere autodisciplina e tenacia, perché i cambiamenti fisici sono prolungati.
Glande in erezione è un enorme sostegno nell'attuazione delle loro esigenze individuali. Tuttavia, dovete ancora osare la via da soli.
Così, se sei abbastanza grande e vuoi aumentare la potenza, investi i tuoi soldi in Glande in erezione, prendi completamente il reddito e ora puoi aspettarti il successo presto.
Pertanto, tutti questi vantaggi sostenibili di Glande in erezione sono evidenti:
I deliziosi vantaggi dell'utilizzo di Glande in erezione sono meravigliosi:
- Un medico e la sostanza chimica possono essere dispensati con
- Tutti gli ingredienti sono solo integratori alimentari da risorse organiche che non danneggiano il corpo
- Salvano il viaggio dal farmacista e una conversazione imbarazzante su un mezzo di aumento della potenza
- A causa di ordinazione internet confidenziale, nessuno deve sapere nulla sulla vostra materia
In che misura Glande in erezione aiuta gli utenti?
risultati di Glande in erezione sono compresi principalmente prendendo uno sguardo sufficiente alla questione e studiando riepiloghi degli ingredienti o ingredienti.
Abbiamo pre-eseguito questo lavoro. I risultati dell'impatto sono stati controllati da noi attraverso il foglietto illustrativa del pacchetto prima di dare un'occhiata da vicino alle esperienze utente.
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Eccellente vantaggio dell'utilizzo di Glande in erezione: ha semplicemente un effetto che dura molte ore.
- la durata dell'azione rende possibile una cosa: puoi rendere felice il tuo partner in qualsiasi momento senza pensare
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Tutte le suddette dichiarazioni riguardanti Glande in erezione provengono dal produttore o da vari terzi e si trovano anche negli studi e nei risultati della ricerca.
Gli ingredienti principali di Glande in erezione studiati
Il mix di ingredienti di Glande in erezione è ben bilanciato e si basa principalmente sui seguenti ingredienti principali:
Generalmente, si può dire che non solo il tipo di ingredienti è decisivo per l'effetto, anche la quantità è importante.
Casualmente, gli acquirenti sicuramente non hanno bisogno di preoccuparsi per la dose del prodotto - al contrario, questi stessi ingredienti sono stati altamente aggregati in termini di ricerca.
È necessario accettare Glande in erezione circostanze in questo momento?
Ora è importante mostrare una consapevolezza di base che Glande in erezione è un prodotto piacevole che utilizza processi normali del corpo.
Esiste quindi una cooperazione tra il prodotto e l'organismo, che in un certo senso esclude le circostanze di accompagnamento.
È concepibile che devi abituarti ad esso prima che ci si senta comune.
Certo! I cambiamenti fisici sono evidenti e questo può essere un aggravamento, ma anche un nuovo comfort da solo - questo è un effetto collaterale che passa da più tardi.
feedback da Glande in erezione consumatori nella stessa vena dimostra che gli effetti collaterali non si verificano.
Qual è il Glande in erezione e cosa c'è contro?
Contra:
- acquistare solo dal produttore
- migliori risultati con uso quotidiano
- atti nel tempo
Pro:
- Negozio online sicuro
- mi prova risultati positivi
- compromettere le esperienze utente
- confezioni
- aapplicazione
- facile da usare nella
- vita di tutti i giorni su sconti travel
- fair
In questo modo, Glande in erezione può essere utilizzato in modo efficiente
Indubbiamente il tentativo di maggior successo di saperne di più sui molteplici vantaggi di Glande in erezione è quello di mettere qualche sforzo nella revisione del prodotto.
Non devi pensare in anticipo alla reazione. Pertanto, si può affermare espressamente che il prodotto offerto può essere convenientemente integrato nella vita di tutti i giorni. E questo distingue questo articolo da altri articoli come Scarpe da ginnastica bambini.
Centinaia di opinioni dei clienti e un numero
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or a Colony at all in the normal acceptation of the term)” and that the dominion “would not be dealt with as small communities.”
The British Columbia tour was the most ambitious and politically sensitive of Dufferin’s official excursions. Large portions of virtually every summer were devoted to such tours. In addition to British Columbia, the viceregal family travelled throughout Quebec, the Maritimes, and Ontario. Dufferin saw these tours as a duty associated with the consolidation of Canada, and thus of the British empire in North America. His visit to the Maritimes in 1873, for example, had the effect of reducing hostility to confederation there, or so it seemed to contemporary observers. He defended the existence of Canadian nationality in North America with humour and assurance (despite his lisp) in speeches in Canada and during his visits to the United States. Empire and nationality were strengthened by his frequent contribution of “Dufferin Medals” for academic or athletic endeavour. His considerable popularity, and his occasional stress on the role of cultural minorities and immigrant groups in Canada, enhanced his inclusive imperialist-nationalist message.
The social and political functions of tours and constant speech-making were supplemented by the social whirl Lord and Lady Dufferin created in Ottawa. Lady Dufferin assumed responsibility for readings and well-attended plays, in which she took leading roles, and she had frequent at-homes at Rideau Hall, their official Ottawa residence. With her husband she presided over large parties and dinners, including a huge costume ball in February 1876. Lord Dufferin, in his more casual entertaining, preferred athletic activities. He skated; he curled; under some pressure from his children he set up a toboggan run, which winter visitors enjoyed. He had the temerity to invite dour Alexander Mackenzie, a man highly dubious about frivolous athleticism, to engage in sports at Rideau Hall. Autumn, winter, and spring were filled with a constant round of such activity, which established a perverse contrast in Ottawa: the Dufferins, lavish, intent on creating a court for the effective functioning of politics; the Mackenzie government, parsimonious, intent on restraint. Some unhappy bickering between the free-spending Dufferins and the Liberal government resulted. Dufferin had to dip into his own wealth to undertake certain pet projects, and he tried with some success to have his official stipend increased. None the less, the Dufferins made Rideau Hall a centre of activity and entertainment at the previously amorphous apex of Canadian political society.
Lord Dufferin’s pursuit of the social and the athletic was also self-indulgent. He loved Charles Dickens because the English author taught “the duty of gaiety and the religion of mirth.” A slightly built man, he had great physical energy and considerable adventurousness: he sailed as often as possible, fished for salmon in remote locales (Lady Dufferin also went on such expeditions), and, on one occasion, went down a Nova Scotia coalmine and picked the coalface. Such adventuring tied his Canadian experience to key events of his youth, among them his visit to a scene of naval bombardment in the Baltic in 1854 and to the Arctic ice-pack at Spitsbergen in 1856, both in the family yacht.
For these reasons and because of the joy he took in his then young family, Dufferin would remember his time in Canada with affection. If his stay there was sometimes an exile, however, so was much of his life. Even at Clandeboye, in youth and retirement, he was not entirely at home, though his tenants generally viewed him with loyalty. He had with bitter humour recognized the possibility of his assassination as an Irish landlord in 1847. By 1876 he had sold most of his Irish land because of the risks of changing political circumstance.
Dufferin’s term as governor general expired in 1878, and he was succeeded by the Marquess of Lorne [Campbell*]. When he left Canada in October of that year, the time was not opportune for appointment to India – the Conservatives were in power in Britain – and he accepted the Russian ambassadorship from the Disraeli government in 1879. By doing so he weakened his claim to patronage from the Liberal Gladstone regime, which replaced it. Instead of India in 1880, Dufferin received a further term in Russia. He complained somewhat resentfully that his years in Canada and Russia “might have deserved a better reward than a further term of exile in an Arctic climate.” Afterwards, in 1881, he went to Turkey as ambassador. A few months later a crisis of governance and finance occurred in Egypt, technically part of the Ottoman empire, but where, as well as the Turks, the French, the British, and others also had interests. He was closely involved in the international machinations which followed and which led to the British invasion of Egypt under Sir Garnet Joseph Wolseley* in 1882. Dufferin was then appointed British commissioner to investigate the Egyptian situation and recommend solutions. His report was widely considered a magnificent analysis, though he later was accused of disguising the extent of division in Egypt.
Dufferin’s work there may have been decisive in gaining him the Indian viceroyalty (1884–88). It was in India that he could most fully indulge his penchant for executive action under imperial aegis. In Canada he had seen himself as merely oiling the cogs of government; in India he could, and did, order the invasion of Burma, a constant thorn in the side of Victorian India. Despite the pre-eminence of the Indian viceroyalty, when Queen Victoria conferred a marquessate on Dufferin in 1888, he wanted a Canadian link, as marquess of “Dufferin and Quebec.” Political considerations forced him away from that and to “Dufferin and Ava,” Ava being an ancient Burmese capital. Dufferin finished his career of public service with prestigious ambassadorships at Rome (1889–91) and Paris (1891–96).
After his retirement on 13 Oct. 1896, some savage shocks awaited him. His eldest son died in the South African War in 1900. Financial crisis closed in on Dufferin at the same time. He had never been fiscally prudent. In selling much of his Irish land he had chosen liquidity in capital. Some major investments in the London and Globe Finance Corporation were speculative and unwise, and he led others into similar straits through his chairmanship of the company, which he had undertaken in 1897. Heavy losses were incurred, and in 1901 he shouldered much of the public blame. By the end of the year he was seriously ill. Dufferin died on 12 Feb. 1902 at Clandeboye, where he was buried.
In Canada Dufferin was publicly well liked. His popularity grew out of his imperial assurance, his affirmation of Canadian nationality, his sense of compromise, and his charm and wit. When combined with his wife’s quiet ambitions and effective social skills, his abilities allowed them together to create a viceregal court. A Canadian political and bureaucratic élite took form socially under their cultivation. In the private politics of the Privy Council, where Dufferin clearly hoped to be most usefully employed, his sometimes autocratic imperial impulses warred with his diplomatic talents, and occasionally led to confrontation. “The Governorship of a Colony with Constitutional advisers does not admit of much real control over its affairs, and I miss the stimulus of responsibility,” he acknowledged early in his Canadian career. That stimulus he later had in India. Dufferin’s power in Canada lay in his personal and imperial influence, which was great, and sufficed.
[There is substantial material on Lord Dufferin’s stay in Canada in the Mackenzie (MG 26, B) and Macdonald papers (MG 26, A), both at the NA, and in the Dufferin papers at the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, Belfast. The portion of this collection relating to Canada is available on microfilm at NA, MG 27, I, B3. Official dispatches and correspondence are to be found in the records of the Colonial Office (PRO, CO 42; available on microfilm at the NA). This series also contains Dufferin’s informal correspondence with Lord Carnarvon, which has been published with careful commentary in Dufferin-Carnarvon correspondence, 1874–1878, ed. C. W. de Kiewiet and F. H. Underhill (Toronto, 1955; repr. New York, 1969). A collection of Dufferin’s public addresses during his tenure in Canada was published as Speeches of the Earl of Dufferin, governor general of Canada, 1872–7878 – complete (Toronto, 1878); a selection of Canadian speeches also appears in Speeches and addresses of the Right Honourable Frederick Temple Hamilton, Earl of Dufferin, ed. Henry Milton (London, 1882).
Biographies include: Sir Alfred Lyall, The life of the Marquis of Dufferin and Ava (2v., London, 1905); C. E. D. Black, The Marquess of Dufferin and Ava . . . diplomatist, viceroy, statesman (London, 1903; also issued in Toronto the same year), especially strong on India; Sir Harold George Nicolson’s brilliant memoir of his uncle by marriage, Helen’s tower (London and Toronto, 1937); and the entry in the DNB. Two comprehensive but biased contemporary studies of Dufferin’s Canadian career provide speeches, dispatches, and context: George Stewart, Canada under the administration of the Earl of Dufferin (Toronto, 1878), and William Leggo, The history of the administration of the Right Honorable Frederick Temple, Earl of Dufferin . . . late governor general of Canada (Montreal and Toronto, 1878).
The social activities of Lord and Lady Dufferin are detailed not only in these two volumes but also in [H. G. R. Hamilton Blackwood,] Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava, My Canadian journal, 1872–8: extracts from my letters home, written while Lord Dufferin was governor-general (London, 1891). His western Canadian tour is chronicled in two contemporary accounts, both published in London in 1877: Journal of the journey of his excellency the governor-general of Canada from Government House, Ottawa, to British Columbia and back, written anonymously by a member of Dufferin’s party, and The sea of mountains; an account of Lord Dufferin’s tour through British Columbia in 1876, a two-volume work by western journalist Frederick Edward Molyneux St John.
Dufferin’s youthful adventures are partially chronicled in his own words in Letters from high latitudes; being some account of a voyage in the schooner yacht “Foam” . . . to Iceland, Jan Mayen, and Spitzbergen in 1856 (London, 1857), which went through many editions. Of particular note are the Canadian editions published during his tenure as governor general in both English and French: A yacht voyage: letters from high latitudes . . . (Toronto, 1872) and Un voyage en yacht: lettres de hautes latitudes; récit d’un voyage fait en 1856, sur le yacht le “Foam” . . . , T.-P. Bédard, trad. (Montréal, 1876). b.f.]Dry Socket (DS) is a painful post-operative complication following Wisdom Tooth removal. Today, our Kitchener Dentist, Dr. Kyle Hornby will discuss dry socket while sharing tips to improve post-extraction healing outcomes!
After tooth extraction, healing begins with a clot developing in the root socket. The socket is basically the hole left once tooth and roots are gone. Over time, the clot is replaced by fibrous healing tissue and eventually bone and connective tissue. The blood clot is essential to all healing stages that come after it.
A dry socket occurs when the clot dries out or falls out. This exposes the bony walls of the extraction socket. Those walls contain hundreds of nerve endings which are no longer insulated by a blood clot. The result is intense burning pain along with a bad taste and smell in the mouth.
So, is dry socket bad?
Because all healing stages depend on formation of a healthy blood clot, dry socket prevents proper healing of an extraction site. In addition, the intense discomfort it causes is something that patients want to remedy quickly.
So how do you treat dry socket? How do you prevent dry socket?
I've got some answers and helpful tips in today's post!
Dry socket is hard to detect visually. Usually, it looks like an open hole with white bony socket walls exposed. However, the mouth is a dark place and it's not always easy to see your extraction socket clearly in a bathroom mirror.
More commonly, people "feel" dry socket. It involves intense burning pain. This often comes with a strange taste and bad odour in the mouth. If you think you are experiencing dry socket, contact your Dentist as they'll need to re-prepare the socket to re-start the healing process.
Dry socket is very common in people who smoke (tobacco or Marijuana/Cannabis). Smoking dries out the mouth and it creates negative pressure during inhalation. These 2 features of smoking make it the number 1 cause of Dry Socket.
In non-smokers, dry socket is uncommon. It can still occur with negative pressure that occurs during drinking through a straw or vigorous spitting. It may also be more common in those who mouth breathe while sleeping because the mouth can dry out and the blood clot may break down.
Luckily, dry socket is not the same as a post-operative infection. An infection involves proliferation of harmful bacteria creating pus and swelling. Dry socket (known as fibrinolytic alveolitis) is simply a breakdown of the blood clot that protects the socket walls leading to inflammation and pain within the underlying bone.
While dry socket can be as painful as an infection, it will not cause potentially harmful swelling or systemic infection.
Dry socket requires treatment by your Kitchener Dentist or Oral Surgeon. Typically, your Dentist will numb the area around the healing site so they can scrape the socket walls to encourage bleeding and formation of a new clot. They may also place Alvogyl in the socket which contains a sedative to settle nerve pain. This helps you to stay comfortable during healing.
Once the new clot is in place, your Dentist may decide to suture the socket shut or place a protective dressing or barrier to prevent a re-occurrence of dry socket.
Preventing Dry Socket or Fibrinolytic Alveolitis (FA) is critical to proper extraction site healing. There is some controversy in the research literature about what factors increase risk of FA. If you smoke, try to avoid the activity for at least 5 days after tooth extraction. Also, avoid using straws to drink as it can create negative pressure that can pull the clot out of the healing socket. Salt water rinsing is a positive but try to do so gently so as not to disturb the clot at your extraction site.
Dry socket is most common after wisdom tooth extraction but it can certainly occur after extraction of other teeth as well. Using a collagen dressing in the socket and stitching the gums to achieve socket closure can really decrease the likelihood of complications and FA during healing.
By Dr. Kyle Hornby, Dentist in Kitchener, Ontario
Our Dentist Office in Kitchener is conveniently located Downtown. We are a short drive away for families in Waterloo, Breslau & St. Jacobs. Our central location means we truly offer family dentistry near you!
This article is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Accordingly, always seek the advice of your Dentist or other healthcare providers regarding a dental condition or treatment.محمد قاصداشرفی رییس انجمن سینماداران : یکی از مهمترین اولویت های انجمن سینماداران این است که تعداد نمایندگان همه صنوف در شورا یکسان باشد یعنی اگر قرار باشد برای هر صنف ۲ نماینده در شورا حضور داشته باشند، این قانون برای همه صنوف عضو شورا اجرایی شود.
وی تاکید کرد: امیدوارم آیین نامه ای برای شورای صنف نمایش تنظیم شود که بتواند تمام سینمای ایران را در برگیرد زیرا آیین نامه فعلی تنها تهران و مسایل اکران در تهران را درنظر گرفته و ما باید تلاش می کنیم آیین نامه ای به تصویب برسد که بتواند مسایل سینما را در تمام کشور مورد توجه قرار دهد.
رییس انجمن سینماداران در پایان گفت: متاسفانه ظرفیت سالن های سینمای ایران به گونه ای است که بیشتر از ۶ سرگروه سینمایی نمی توانیم داشته باشیم و ظرفیت سالن های سینمایی نمی تواند پاسخگوی این امر باشد و بسیاری از سالن های سینما نمی توانند بسیاری از فیلم ها را اکران کنند.
منبع : مهرA visual history of Canal Park from 1686 to today...
17th & 18th centuries: One of city's first public spaces
From the time the first colonists arrived in New York in 1624, people gathered to do business, talk and recreate wherever it suited them. In 1686, Thomas Dongan, the colony’s newly appointed governor, granted a new charter that gave control of vacant, unclaimed lands to the Common Council (an early predecessor of the City Council). Canal Street Square, the predecessor to Canal Park, was among these lands and eventually became one of the city’s first public squares. Squares were the cities breathing spaces, "for the benefit of fresh air and the consequent preservation of health."
19th century: From public square to marketplace to park
In the early 19th century, public squares were formally mapped in accordance with the city's grid plan. Canal Street was laid out to enable Manhattan to expand to the north, and with this addition, Canal Street Square became increasingly important as a public square at the crossroads of this development. The Square's triangle was enlarged and approved as a site for the Clinton Country Market in 1833. At the time, the Common Council found that a "location of a Market at the foot of Canal and Spring streets will afford accommodations to a large district of the City, those streets being great places of public passage and resort...and the center of the most dense population in the City." The Clinton Country Markets was eventually moved to the north side of Canal Street in 1860, and the original Canal Street Park site abandoned and neglected.
In 1870 the newly created Department of Public Parks took control of all pre-existing squares, and Canal Street Square was revived as Canal Street Park, with a perimeter fence, trees and shrubs. A new wide-paved sidewalk surrounding the park served as the city
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alık phomopsis'tir. Bu soruna da neden olan mantar bitkinin dokularına nüfuz ederek üst katmanlarında çok aktif olarak yayılır. Mantarın bulaşma zamanı olan her şey siyaha döner ve kurur. Ayrıca lezyon bölgesinde üzümleri öldürmeye devam eden mantar grupları oluşur.
Siyah nokta
Bu hastalığın etken maddesi, odun ve üzüm kabuğu dokularında yaşayan ve aynı zamanda kış uykusuna yatan bir mantardır.
Hastalık üzümün tüm yeşil kısmını etkiler ve küçük kahverengi noktalar şeklinde kendini gösterir. Bu noktalar daha sonra birbirleriyle birleşerek büyük lezyonlar oluşturur ve bunlar daha sonra kurur ve düşer.
Antraknoz
Bu hastalığa neden olan ajan, üzümlerin kışlaması sırasında çok iyi hissediyor. Daha sonra böbreklerin olgunlaşması sırasında uyanır ve faaliyetine başlar. İlk başta, üzümleri daha sonra tüm meyveyi büyüten ve etkileyen küçük kahverengi noktalar şeklinde etkiler. Sonra patlar ve yeni meyveler bu yerde asla görünmez.
Özel bakım
Her bahçıvan, kendi evlerinde üzüm yetiştirmeyi planlarken, bunun çok dikkatli bir denetim gerektiren çok karmaşık bir bitki olduğunu hatırlamalıdır. Böyle bir bağ çok ciddiye alınmalıdır, böylece daha sonra meyveler sahiplerini zengin bir tat ve gerçek dışı aroma ile memnun edecek. Bir kişi bir çalıya bu kadar çok zaman ayırma arzusuna sahip değilse, büyük olasılıkla, doğru karar ekimini tamamen bırakmak olacaktır, çünkü hastalıklar zamanında ortadan kaldırılmazsa, diğer sağlıklı bitkilere bulaşabilirler.Teacher to Teacher: Calling on Our Wisdom
By Lynne R. Dorfman
When the end of the school day comes, we often see teachers dragging themselves to the parking lot with bookbags and laptops and papers galore. They are tired – they’ve worked hard from the moment they stepped into their classrooms until beyond the final bell. They love their profession – the students, their peers, the challenges. But what about the students? They burst through the doors, running and jumping and calling to friends. They still abound with energy. “It’s a question of age,” you say. “They are youthful – this is to be expected.” But is this the reason for their energy?
Are students putting as much effort into the learning day as their teachers? If we take a closer look into classrooms, we often see the teacher explaining, modeling, offering solutions, taking the lead, and providing resources. Students are capable of all these things and more. Instead of teachers pulling kids up the mountain, sometimes carrying them on their back, students can work together (sometimes, with a little guidance of gentle nudges from the teacher) and have conversations on many levels. These conversations can be about interesting areas of inquiry, books that serve as mentor texts, and making the classroom environment more efficient and user friendly – anything that will help move the entire learning community forward. Conversations focus on solving problems, and students, together with the teacher as facilitator, can arrive at a new level of learning.
Our goal of education is to produce students with the ability to evaluate, discuss, and apply what they know. If we expand from our traditional model, we can create classrooms where everyone is a teacher and a learner. Wisdom is at the heart of this framework, and knowledge is at the head. Our job is calling on our wisdom to apply what we know to be true and what we value as educators and learners.
Teaching is as much about watching as it is about instructing and assessing. Remember Ken and Yetta Goodman’s focus on “kidwatching” and all that it implied? In fact, a large part of our job is to watch, to listen closely, to notice and note! What kidwatching meant was asking ourselves a set of questions such as the following:
- What do I notice?
- What could the student(s) work on?
- Where do I go next?
- How can I get there?
In Brenda Krupp’s third grade classroom, the students talked about solutions to a common problem in many workshop settings: noise vs. quiet time. The students grouped themselves in pairs, or threes and fours, and explored the classroom. They took some notes and made some sketches. After five minutes of talk, Brenda asked for a whole group share. Brenda recorded their thoughts on an anchor chart and honored each contributor by placing his name after his comment. In this way, Brenda was also able to reflect on who was doing the talking and who was silent, how her students solved problems, what they knew to be true of writing workshop, and what they wanted to honor during this special time of day. Here are some of their ideas:
1. Use the carpet if you want to talk about your stories. (Tammy & Audrey)
2. Make a poster to display writing time when no one should be talking. (Turner)
Comments: “How much time for that? Maybe five minutes? (Tim)
“I think more time is needed. Ten minutes.” (Waylon)
3. If you are having a conference, use the library area. (Sophia)
Comments: “I think only two people at a time. It’s not a big area.” (Sophia)
“I think you can get two conference pairs in that space.” (Dan)
“We should test it out.” (Bryce)
4. We can make some of the tables “quiet” tables for conferences. (Jax)
Comment: “We could label them so we know where to go without asking Mrs.
5. There could be one table for publishing your work. (Ryan)
Comment: “We could keep scissors, glue, colored pencils, paper, & markers
there in a box.” (Krissh)
Brenda had called on her wisdom – she let the students work together to solve the problem. She was the “kidwatcher.” The students used their knowledge of workshop and prior experiences to imagine the possibilities. And since the students created the plan for the physical environment, they were committed. At first, the students sometimes walked closer to the anchor chart to review the physical plan. Soon, they didn’t need it anymore. The workshop was humming with the whisper of voices, the scratch-scratch of pencils traveling across yellow note pads, and the purr of notebook pages turned and read.
How do you use your wisdom and knowledge to help your students reach a new level of learning?
References: Dorfman, L. & Dougherty, D. (2017) A Closer Look: Learning More About Our Writers with Formative Assessment, K-6. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers.
Lynne Dorfman is a 1989 Writing Project fellow. Through PAWLP, she has met so many wonderful educators and students. Lynne learned so much from being a kidwatcher and a master-teacher watcher while writing A Closer Look. A big thank you to Brenda Krupp, a co-director of PAWLP, and her third graders. Wisdom, commitment, and collaboration helped to create a new level of learning and engagement in her writing workshop and throughout the school day.Dumas, geçmişte yaşadığı bir aşk macerasından izler taşıyan ve Verdi’nin La Traviata operası dahil birçok esere ilham kaynağı olan bu romanında, engellere göğüs gerse de felaketle sonlanan tutkulu bir aşk hikayesi anlatıyor.
Dumas, Marie Duplessis’yle yaşadığı trajik aşk hikâyesini anlattığı Kamelyalı Kadın‘la henüz yirmili yaşlarının başında edebî rüştünü ispatlamıştır.
Filme uyarlandı
Önce okuru büyüleyen roman, yazımından kısa bir süre sonra tiyatroya uyarlanmasının ardından da İtalyan besteci Guiseppe Verdi’yi etkisi altına almış ve La Traviata‘nın ilham kaynağı olmuş, günümüze dek birçok kez beyazperdeye uyarlandı.
Sayfa: 244
Sosyal yaşamı gözler önüne seren roman
19. yüzyıl Fransa’sını arka planına alan roman, genç hukukçu Armand Duval ile Paris’in en güzel kurtizanı, yakasındaki kamelyalarla âşıklarına göz kırpan Marguerite Gautier’nin yasak aşkı üzerinden dönemin masumiyet ve ahlak anlayışına kafa tutarken, sosyal yaşamı da gözler önüne serer.
“Muazzam aşk hikayesi”
“Tüm zamanların en muazzam aşk hikâyelerinden biri.”
Henry James
İletişim için:.
A questo proposito, un ananas è ancora buono se ha la muffa all'esterno?
Frutta e verdura con una buccia spessa: come il ananas , Se il muffa colpisce solo la pelle, l'interno della frutta o della verdura dovrebbe ancora essere perfettamente commestibile. Sarai in grado di dirlo quando lo apri. Fare attenzione a non trascinare il coltello attraverso il file ammuffito parte quando lo tagli in modo da non contaminare in modo incrociato il file bene parte.
Ci si potrebbe anche chiedere, puoi ammalarti a causa dell'ananas?Troppo maturo vs. Alcuni ananas inizia a sembrare più vecchio ma siamo ancora commestibile. I segni di una maturazione eccessiva ananas di solito continua ottenere peggio quando il frutto si deteriora. Un marcio lattina di ananas inizia a crescere la muffa e ottenere pastoso. Se inizia a mostrare segni di marciume, butta via il frutto essere sul sicuro.
Inoltre, l'ananas può ammuffire?
Muffa crescita volere di solito non è un fattore se il file ananas sono conservati correttamente. Tuttavia, a volte, un bianco al grigio muffa crescita volere forma sulle cime e / o frutti. Muffa crescita sul frutto può essere sul guscio o all'estremità del gambo tagliato. Anche se il la muffa fa non influisce sulla carne, può sembrare discutibile.
È sicuro mangiare ananas troppo maturo?
Troppo maturo i frutti, invece, hanno foglie cadenti e secche, buccia più morbida e frutti che hanno zone morbide o marroni, ma sono comunque sicuro da mangiare . Butta via il tuo ananas dopo 5 giorni in frigorifero o se le zone marroni presentano anche dei puntini biancastri, che indicano che la muffa sta cominciando a crescere.Risposte alle domande correlate
Quando dovresti buttare l'ananas?Quando il fondo diventa umido e molliccio o sviluppa muffa, suo un buon segno il ananas dovrebbe essere scartato. Tecnicamente potresti tagliare su le parti cattive, soprattutto se suo relativamente piccolo. Ma se suo sul lato più grande, sbaglia sul lato della cautela e gettare il frutto su .
Che aspetto ha l'ananas ammuffito?Alcuni segni rivelatori che un tutto ananas ha iniziato a rovinare includono: Muffa sta crescendo sulle sue foglie o sul corpo; le macchie bianche sulle foglie sono solitamente funghi. È morbido e flessibile al tatto o presenta punti deboli. Ha un odore di aceto, pungente, fermentato o acido, soprattutto vicino al fondo.
Come fai a sapere se un ananas è marcio?Alcuni tratti comuni del male ananas sono foglie marroni sulla corona e un fondo morbido e umido con il resto del corpo che si secca e sembra vecchio o marrone. L'aroma dolce scomparirà anche quando il frutto inizierà a fermentare e sarà sostituito da un odore acido più pungente che è più vicino all'odore dell'aceto. Spiegatore
Cos'è il Pan di Zucchero?Pan di Zucchero è un unico ananas varietà dal sapore eccezionalmente dolce. Viene raccolto alle 6 del mattino sotto il luminoso sole tropicale del Ghana centrale e arriva qui nel Regno Unito in meno di 48 ore, così puoi goderti tutto il suo sapore fresco e succoso. Pan di Zucchero è un unico ananas varietà dal sapore eccezionalmente dolce. Spiegatore
Va bene mangiare il cuore di un ananas?PER torsolo di ananas è molto difficile e non dolce come il resto del ananas , quindi di solito non vogliamo mangiare . Non c'è niente di male in mangiare la parte centrale di ananas (se consumato nel limite). La cotenna ( nucleo ) parte di ananas è commestibile. Pundit
Che aspetto ha l'ananas cattivo?Puoi usare il colore per capire se un file ananas è male . Banowetz dice che vorrai iniziare il tuo ananas cerca controllando il fondo del frutto. Se è verde o giallo, vale la pena dare un'occhiata, ma se è marrone, saltalo, dice. 'Un maturo ananas dovrebbe avere un odore dolce ed essere sodo quando viene spremuto ', spiega Banowetz. Pundit
Perché il mio ananas è nero?Ananas nero marciume, noto anche come marciume di testa, marciume di base o vescica bianca, è una malattia causata da Ceratocystis paradoxa (teleomorfo) (Thielaviopsis paradoxa: anamorph). Il la malattia si manifesta solo nella frutta fresca perché il tempo dalla raccolta alla lavorazione troppo breve per l'infezione. Pundit
Va bene mangiare ananas fermentato?Dovresti stare bene. Ananas fermentato il succo è in realtà una bevanda piuttosto comune in Messico. Tepache è fantastico e lo fai solo con il nucleo e la scorza, quindi puoi mangiare il ananas carne e fai (debole) alcol con solo la roba che butti via comunque più un po 'di zucchero e acqua. io amo ananas fermentato ! Pundit
L'ananas scuro fa male?Se il fondo ha un odore maturo, fruttato, dolce e luminoso, probabilmente quella cosa è a posto. Ma attenzione: se inizia a puzzare di funky e fermentato, come l'aceto, il ananas è andato un po 'troppo lontano. (Non quello fermentato ananas è un male cosa di per sé; vogliamo solo che accada apposta, non per caso.) Pundit
Perché il mio ananas ha la schiuma?ananas fermenta piuttosto facilmente e velocemente, infatti esiste una bevanda chiamata “guarapo” che si fa per semplice immissione ananas le bucce in acqua con lo zucchero e poi lasciate riposare per una settimana. Questo schiuma vedi è la fermentazione che è iniziata all'interno del frutto. Insegnante
Quali sono le macchie marroni nell'ananas?Tuttavia, ci sono alcuni frutti che sono eccezioni. Ad esempio, quando ananas vengono conservati per lunghi periodi di tempo si sviluppano piccoli macchie marroni entro. Questi indigeni macchie marroni , come vengono chiamati, sono esteticamente sgradevoli, ma i ananas è buono come uno senza macchie , Disse il dottor Dull. Insegnante
Qual è la polvere bianca sulle foglie di ananas?In ananas i tricomi sono peli squamosi multicellulari a forma di fungo che circondano gli stomi e aiutano a ridurre la perdita d'acqua dalle piante. Sono più pesanti sul lato inferiore del le foglie (il polvere bianca che ti infila i pantaloni) e dai il le foglie la loro parte inferiore argentea. Insegnante
L'ananas fresco fa bene?Ananas sono frutti tropicali ricchi di vitamine, enzimi e antiossidanti. ' Ananas contengono elevate quantità di vitamina C e manganese ', ha detto la nutrizionista di San Diego Laura Flores. Questi frutti tropicali sono anche a bene modo per ottenere importanti fibre alimentari e bromelina (un enzima). Insegnante
L'ananas e il latte sono velenosi?Il tabù del cibo è mangiare ananas e latte insieme inducono tossicità ma quali tipi di tossicità (epatotossicità, neurotossicità, emotossicità ecc.) provoca, ancora non nota. Questi hanno indicato che questa miscela non è tossica. Recensore
Cosa fa l'ananas per una donna?Sì, signore - e anche uomini, del resto - bevono un bicchiere di buone dimensioni ananas il succo un paio d'ore prima dell'atto può aiutare a migliorare il gusto e l'odore dei fluidi corporei. La frutta in generale è buona perché contiene acidi e zuccheri. Recensore
L'ananas fa male ai diabetici?ananas e Diabete Frutta come ananas può essere una scelta salutare per le persone con diabete . Alcuni frutti contengono vitamine, minerali e fibre che possono essere utili per la tua dieta. Ma possono anche contenere carboidrati che possono influire sulla glicemia, quindi la moderazione è la chiave. Recensore
Quale farmaco non puoi prendere con l'ananas?Interazione moderata
- L'amoxicillina (Amoxil, Trimox) interagisce con la BROMELINA. L'assunzione di bromelina potrebbe aumentare la quantità di amoxicillina presente nel corpo.
- Gli antibiotici (antibiotici tetracicline) interagiscono con la BROMELINA.
- I farmaci che rallentano la coagulazione del sangue (farmaci anticoagulanti / antiaggreganti piastrinici) interagiscono con la BROMELINA.
辜姓徵信員被控A走公司攝影機及抓姦影片，他因遭影中人控告，為和解將影片送
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us that he believes that, “This Club saved my life.”
Our kids, parents, alumni, volunteers, and staff know the impact that our programs make on our community each and every dayAsit yağmurları, çevresel bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkan ve doğanın karmaşık kimyasal tepkimelerinin bir sonucu olarak meydana gelen bir olaydır. Bu makalede, asit yağmurlarının nasıl oluştuğunu ve bu olgunun çevremize etkilerini inceleyeceğiz. Ayrıca, bu fenomenin önlenmesi ve azaltılması için neler yapılabileceğine dair bazı öneriler sunacağız.
Giriş
Asit yağmurları, atmosferdeki belirli gazların ve kirleticilerin etkileşimi sonucunda oluşan bir hava kirliliği türüdür. Bu kirleticiler, endüstriyel faaliyetler, araç emisyonları ve enerji üretimi gibi insan etkinlikleri tarafından atmosfere salınır. Bu yazıda, asit yağmurlarının nasıl meydana geldiğini ve neden endişe verici olduğunu anlatacağız.
Asit yağmurlarının oluşum süreci karmaşıktır ve genellikle şu adımları içerir:
1. Kirletici Gazların Salınımı
İlk adım, insan faaliyetleri veya doğal kaynaklar tarafından atmosfere salınan kirleticilerin varlığıdır. Bu kirleticiler, sülfür dioksit (SO2) ve nitrojen oksitler (NOx) gibi gazlar içerebilir.
2. Atmosferik Kimyasal Tepkimeler
Atmosferdeki bu kirleticiler, su buharı ve diğer kimyasallarla reaksiyona girer. Bu reaksiyonlar sonucunda sülfürik asit (H2SO4) ve nitrik asit (HNO3) gibi asitler oluşur.
3. Bulutların Oluşumu
Asit yağmurları, bulutların oluşumuyla ilgilidir. Asitler, bulut damlacıklarının yüzeyine bağlanır.
4. Yağış
Son olarak, asitler içeren bu bulutlar yağış yaparken, asit yağmurları meydana gelir. Yağış sırasında asitler toprak, su kaynakları ve bitki örtüsüne zarar verebilir.
Asit Yağmurlarının Etkileri
Asit yağmurları, çevreye ciddi zararlar verebilir. İşte bu zararların bazıları:
1. Toprak Erozyonu
Asit yağmurları, toprakta mineral kaybına neden olabilir, bu da tarım verimliliğini azaltabilir.
2. Su Kaynakları Kirliliği
Asit yağmurları, göl ve nehirlerdeki su kalitesini bozabilir, su yaşamına zarar verebilir ve içme suyu kaynaklarını kirletebilir.
3. Bitki Hasarı
Bitkiler, asit yağmurlarına maruz kaldıklarında yapraklarına ve gövdelerine zarar verebilir, bu da ormanların tahrip olmasına neden olabilir.
4. Yapısal Zarar
Asit yağmurları, binaların ve diğer yapıların malzemelerine zarar verebilir, bu da ekonomik kayıplara yol açabilir.A longstanding problem in the adoption of microfinance in the Arab world is adapting the programs to work for followers of Islam. Muslim Law (also called Shariah) has several tenets that contradict traditional financial systems including:
- Payment of zakat (charity)
- No riba (interest) paid or earned
- Socially-responsible investing/saving (Gharar)
In order for microloans (or any loan product) to be Shariah-compliant, it is generally structured through a trust-sale known as a murabaha—a negotiation of profit margin, rather than interest—into the final price. It’s sort of like paying your mortgage in all points, without annual interest. This sort of loan is called a Qard al-Hassan, or benevolent loan.
Naturally, this format is difficult to translate into microfinance, but many organizations and banks which cater to Muslim borrowers are springing up. Currently there are 265 banks operating in 40 countries with assets in excess of $262 billion USD. Even commercial giants such as CitiGroup are adapting to reach this growing population.
Similar to debt, interests are also structured to be socially-conscious and non-interest bearing, looking more like leases of capital.
I hope you’ve enjoyed learning this different financial paradigm. It sure has been an education for me.
Jessica Ward is a freelance writer and blogger in Seattle. She also writes at www.pennywisefamily.blogspot.com.Manifest destinies : America's westward expansion and the road to the Civil War / Steven E. Woodworth.
By: Woodworth, Steven E.Material type: TextPublisher: New York : Alfred A. Knopf, 2010Edition: 1st ed.Description: xiv, 412 pages, pages of plates : illustrations, maps ; 25 cm.Content type: text Media type: unmediated Carrier type: volumeISBN: 9780307265241; 0307265242.Subject(s): United States -- Territorial expansion | Manifest Destiny | Mexican War, 1846-1848 | United States -- History -- 1815-1861 | United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- CausesDDC classification: 970.04
Includes bibliographical references (pages 359-394) and index.
A sweeping history of the 1840s that captures America's enormous sense of possibility that inspired it's growth and shows how the extraordinary expansion of territories forced the nation to come to grips with the deep rift that would bring war just a decade later. The author gives us a portrait of America at its most vibrant and expansive. It was a decade in which the nation significantly enlarged its boundaries, taking Texas, New Mexico, California, and the Pacific Northwest; William Henry Harrison ran the first modern populist campaign, focusing on entertaining voters rather than on discussing issues; prospectors headed west to search for gold; Joseph Smith founded a new religion; railroads and telegraph lines connected the country's disparate populations as never before. When the 1840s dawned, Americans were feeling optimistic about the future: the population was growing, economic conditions were improving, and peace had reigned for nearly thirty years. A hopeful nation looked to the West, where vast areas of unsettled land seemed to promise prosperity to anyone resourceful enough to take advantage. And yet political tensions roiled below the surface; as the country took on new lands, slavery emerged as an irreconcilable source of disagreement between North and South, and secession reared its head for the first time. This book is an account of a crucial decade that forged a young nation's character and destiny.
The two-party system. The log cabin and hard cider campaign ; Tyler, Clay, and the durability of the two-party system ; Abolitionism -- Westward expansion. The Oregon Trail ; The allure and the danger of California ; The Mormons and their migration -- The politics of expansion. Tyler and Texas ; The election of 1844 ; Texas annexation -- War with Mexico. Armies along the Rio Grande ; The Monterrey campaign ; New Mexico, Chihuahua, and California ; Buena Vista ; Veracruz, Cerro Gordo, and the politics of expansion ; To the gates of Mexico City ; A conquered capital and a negotiated peace -- The political system and the controversies of expansion. The election of 1848 ; The California gold rush ; California and the expansion of slavery ; The struggle for compromise.关于“吃了阿兹夫定还要吃消炎药吗”这个问题，Html5研究小组几经周折终于在互联网上找到你要答案：阿兹夫定片是生活中比较受欢迎的一种药物，它对新冠疾病有很不错的治疗作用。阿兹夫定片的服用也是有一定讲究的，一般可以和消炎药吃的，主要看个人病情而定。想要更详细地了解还请看下方介绍。
阿兹夫定片是生活中比较受欢迎的一种药物，它对新冠疾病有很不错的治疗作用。阿兹夫定片的服用也是有一定讲究的，一般可以和消炎药吃的，主要看个人病情而定。
吃了阿兹夫定还要吃消炎药吗
有炎症的话需要吃。
阿兹夫定片主要的作用是用于新冠病毒的复制，但是并没有消炎的作用，所以如果本身有炎症的话是需要吃其它消炎药来控制炎症的。
但是需要注意的是，因为阿兹夫定片与消炎药都会对人体的胃肠道产生一定的刺激，所以建议最好是间隔半小时以上再服用。
阿兹夫定片和消炎药能一起吃吗
一般是可以一起吃的。
阿兹夫定是一种广谱RNA病毒抑制剂，能够抑制重组HIV逆转录酶活性。此外，阿兹夫定作为一种人工合成的病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶（RdRp）的核苷类似物，在细胞内代谢成具有活性的5’-三磷酸盐代谢物（阿兹夫定三磷酸盐），该活化物能特异性作用于新冠病毒RdRp，在SARS-CoV-2 RNA合成过程中嵌入病毒RNA，从而抑制SARS-CoV-2复制，达到治疗新冠肺炎的作用。
阿兹夫定片的注意事项
关于阿兹夫定的遗传毒性和生殖毒性，也是许多人关注的焦点。
在国家药监局药品审定中心2022年公布的评审报告中，确实提到了阿兹夫定具有遗传毒性和生殖毒性。对于患者给药，结合Ⅲ期试验数据来看，阿兹夫定治疗新冠肺炎基本上只用吃6-7天，所以在这样的用药剂量及周期下，阿兹夫定具有良好的治疗安全窗。
但妊娠个体接受本品治疗可能会对胎儿造成伤害。不建议在妊娠期和哺乳期使用阿兹夫定。
有生育能力的患者请注意：阿兹夫定对胎儿的潜在风险，要在阿兹夫定治疗期间及末次给药后4天内采取有效的避孕措施。
“吃了阿兹夫定还要吃消炎药吗”相关的信息资料是由Html5研究小组原创或收集发布，如果觉得有帮助欢迎收藏转发~若有侵权等问题请及时与本网联系，我们将在第一时间删除处理。
转载请注明本文地址：https://www.mhtml5.com/read/114575.htmlاضطراب فراگیر چیست؟
اختلال اضطراب فراگیر (GAD) به نگرانی بیش از حد و غیر قابل کنترل گفته می شود. این نگرانی در روزهای پر تنش در زندگی وجود دارد. اما وقتی بیشتر از شش ماه طول می کشد، هشدار دهنده می شود . اگر شما هم احساس می کنید که نگرانی بیش از حدی راجع به موضوعات زندگی خود دارید، این متن را بخوانید.
نشانه های اضطراب فراگیر چیست؟
سستی، بی حالی، تحریک پذیری، مشکلات خواب، عدم تمرکز و مشکل در حافظه از نشانه های معمول اضطراب است. گرفتگی ماهیچه ها و تنگی نفس هم می تواند دلایل وجود اضطراب در فرد باشد. این نشانه ها در افراد مختلف به شکل های متفاوتی بروز می کند. برای تشخیص این که یک فرد مضطرب است یا خیر، باید علائم مختلفی در او بررسی شود.
اضطراب غیر قابل کنترل چیست؟
افرادی که به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر دچار هستند، نسبت به سایر افراد بیشتر نگران می شوند. آن ها نگران چیزهایی می شوند که شاید اصلا نگران کننده نباشد. آن ها معمولا نمی توانند به این نگرانی غلبه کنند و خودشان را آرام کنند.
از کجا بفهمیم اضطراب داریم؟
اگر می خواهید بدانید که فرد مضطربی هستید یا نه، این سوالات را از خودتان بپرسید؟
۱- آیا نسبت به آدم های دور و برتان بیشتر احساس نگرانی می کنید؟
۲- آیا بقیه آدم ها هم می گویند که شما خیلی مضطرب هستید؟
۳- وقتی همه چیز خوب است، باز هم احساس نگرانی می کنید؟ به عنوان مثال، وقتی هیچ کس از اعضای خانواده مریض نیست، آیا باز هم نگران سلامتی آن ها هستید؟
۴- آیا همیشه تلاش می کنید تا سر خودتان را گرم کنید؟
۵- آیا وقتی یک فکر نگران کننده به ذهن تان می رسد، می توانید آن را به تنهایی مهار کنید؟ می توانید به آسانی آن فکر را از ذهن خودتان دور کنید؟
علائم اضطراب فراگیر
افراد مضطرب، همیشه نگران اتفاتاتی هستند که ممکن است در آینده رخ بدهد. آن ها همیشه از خود می پرسند، چه می شود اگر اتفاقی بیفتد. به مثال های زیر توجه کنید.
مثال ۱
چه می شود اگر در ترافیک گیر کنم و دیر به محل کارم برسم؟
رئیس من عصبانی می شود و ممکن است مرا اخراج کند. اگر دوباره نتوانم شغلی پیدا کنم چه اتفاقی می افتد؟ همه اعضای خانواده و فامیل، من را به عنوان یک فرد شکست خورده می شناسند. چه کار باید بکنم؟
مثال ۲
می خواهم برای آشپزخانه پرده جدیدی بخرم.
چه می شود اگر بعد از خریدن پرده ارزان تر یا بهتری پیدا کنم؟ چه می شود اگر پرده ای که می خرم با بقیه مبلمان خانه، هماهنگ نشود. نه، من نمی توانم خرید مناسبی انجام دهم.
مثال ۳
می خواهم با دوستانم به سینما بروم.
چه می شود اگر فیلمی که در حال اکران است، فیلم خوبی نباشد؟ اگر آن را دوست نداشته باشم چی؟ اگر فیلمی که در سالن دیگری در حال پخش است، بهتر باشد چی؟
افراد مضطرب چه نگرانی هایی دارند؟
بررسی دلایل نگرانی افراد مضطرب نشان داده است که آن ها معمولا موضوعات نگران کننده مشابهی دارند. به شما تعدادی از این موضوعات را می گویم. اگر احساس می کنید شما هم، چنین نگرانی هایی دارید، حتما از یک مشاور مجرب برای حل آن کمک بگیرید.
نگرانی درباره مسائل کاری یا درسی
- اگر امتحانم را پاس نکنم، چی؟
- اگر شغل مناسبی را انتخاب نکنم، چی؟
- اگر گزارشم را به موقع تمام نکنم، چی؟
نگرانی درباره اعضای خانواده و دوستان
- اگر والدینم از هم جدا شوند، چی؟
- اگر بچه ام در زمان بازی آسیب ببیند، چی؟
- اگر پارتنرم به من خیانت کند، چی؟
- اگر با دوستانم بیرون بروم و به آن ها خوش نگذرد، چی؟
نگرانی درباره سلامتی
- اگر سرطان یا بیماری صعب العلاج بگیرم، چی؟
- اگر همسرم را در تصادف از دست بدهم، چی؟
نگرانی درباره آینده و جهان
- اگر طوفان شدیدی بیاید، چی؟
- اگر وقتی بازنشسته شدم، پول کافی نداشته باشم چی؟
تشخیص اضطراب فراگیر
یکی از ویژگی های بارز افراد مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر، تفکر زنجیره ای است. یعنی وقتی یک موضوع نگران کننده برای آن ها به وجود می آید، زنجیره ای از افکار منفی را در ذهن خود پرورش می دهند.
به مثال زیر توجه کنید:
شما می خواهید یک گزارش کاری را برای رئیس تان بنویسید.
اولین نگرانی این است که آیا به موقع آن را تمام می کنم؟ اما نگرانی هایی که در پی آن می آید می تواند مختلف باشد:
– اگر گزارش من خوب نباشد، چی؟
– اگر رئیس مرا اخراج کند، چی؟
-اگر نتوانم شغل دیگری پیدا کنم،چی؟
این زنجیره نگرانی می تواند باز هم ادامه پیدا کند، مثلا ممکن است از خودتان بپرسید:
-اگر پول نداشته باشم که صورت حساب ها را پرداخت کنم،چی؟
-اگر مجبور بشوم خانه ام را خالی کنم، چی؟ کجا باید زندگی کنم؟
-بدون پول چطور بچه ها را به دانشگاه بفرستم؟
این نگرانی می تواند تا ابد ادامه پیدا کند. اما بهتر است قبل از اینکه این نگرانی ها به کار شما لطمه بزند، اضطراب خود را برای همیشه و به صورت قطعی درمان کنید و سپس نوشتن گزارش کاری خود را آغاز کنید.
حتما بخوانید: اختلال اضطراب و حقایقی درباره آن
آیا اضطراب فراگیر خطرناک است؟
اضطراب فراگیر باید درمان شود. چون می تواند زمینه ساز بیماری های دیگر شود. سستی و بی حالی در افراد مضطرب، باعث می شود که آن ها کم کم از حضور در اجتماع کنار گذاشته شوند. این می تواند باعث افسردگی افراد شود. هم چنین نگرانی های ذه
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Jangan!’. Now, what if we repeat the word to ‘jangan-jangan’, will it still have the same meaning? Last week we covered one repeated word in Indonesian language. Pro tip, all of Indonesian repeated words have different meanings than its single word. In addition, we will also introduce you to one new word ‘jangankan’ which might sound similar to ‘tangan’. Check out these examples to see the difference and learn how to use them!
A: “Ya, sekian untuk rapat hari ini. ApakahFormula 1'de Büyük Britanya Grand Prix'sinde Aston Martin sürücüsü Sebastian Vettel, yarış sonrasında örnek bir davranışa imza attı. Vettel, görevlilerin çöp toplamasına yardım etti.
Formula 1 Dünya Şampiyonası'nın 10. yarışı Büyük Britanya Grand Prix'sini Mercedes takımından Lewis Hamilton kazandı.
Sezonun 10. mücadelesi, İngiltere'nin Northamptonshire bölgesindeki 5,8 kilometrelik Silverstone Pisti'nde 52 tur üzerinden yapıldı.
Büyük Britanya Grand Prix'sine, bu sezon şampiyonluk mücadelesine giren pilotlar Red Bull'dan Hollandalı Max Verstappen ile Mercedes'ten Büyük Britanyalı Lewis Hamilton arasındaki kaza damga vurdu. Virajda yaşanan kazada Verstappen, hızla bariyerlere çarptı. Verstappen araçtan sağlıklı şekilde çıkarılırken, yarış durduruldu. Bir süre sonra yarış yeniden başlarken Hamilton, kaza sonrasında 10 saniyelik zaman cezası aldı.
Organizasyonun internet sitesinden yapılan açıklamada, dün koşulan Büyük Britanya Grand Prix'sinde Mercedes pilotu Lewis Hamilton ile girdiği liderlik mücadelesinde kaza yaparak bariyerlere çarpan ve kontrol amaçlı hastaneye kaldırılan Verstappen'in sağlıklı bir şekilde hastaneden ayrıldığı kaydedildi.
Formula 1'in internet sitesinde ayrıca, kaza sonrasında Hamilton'ın sosyal medyada ırkçı saldırılara maruz kaldığı belirtilerek, bu duruma tepki gösterildi.
Açıklamada FIA, Formula 1, takımlar ve pilotların sporu daha kapsayıcı hale getirmek için çaba sarf ettiği vurgulanarak, "Bu tür kabul edilemez saldırılar ortaya çıkarılmalı ve yok edilmeli. Bu tür insanlara sporda yer yok" ifadeleri kullanıldı.
VETTEL ÇÖP TOPLADI
Aston Martin'in Alman pilotu Sebastian Vettel, yarış sonrasında örnek bir davranışa imza attı.
Silverstone Pisti'ndeki mücadele sonrasında pistten ayrılmayan Vettel, görevlilerin çöp toplamasına yardım etti. Formula 1'in paylaştığı görüntüler büyük ilgi gördü.
After a tough race, Sebastian Vettel stayed behind with a group of fans to help the clear-up at Silverstone pic.twitter.com/16EIzzHVAL— Formula 1 (@F1) July 19, 2021
Video haberler için YouTube kanalımıza abone olunChloe Loughnan gizlice bıçak altına yattı
Bugün Kanal D'de yayınlanan Renkli Sayfalar programına Arto, Miami'den bir görüntü gönderdi. Görüntü de Serdar Ortaç ve eşi Chloe Ortaç da vardı. Arto videoda Chloe'ye dönerek "Hamile olduğunu söyledim" dedi. Arto'nun bu sözlerine ne Serdar Ortaç ne de eşi itiraz etmedi.
Chloe Loughnan Ortaç, sosyal medyayı salladıبرتراند راسل (Bertrand Russell) در کتاب آزادی و سازمان به ریشه یابی و تشریح مسائل و رویدادهای بزرگ اجتماعی، فلسفی، اقتصادی و سیاسی می پردازد. راسل می گوید که در سال ۱۳۰۹ برای یک سلسه سخنرانی به ایالات متحده آمریکا سفر می کند و در آنجا یک ناشر آمریکایی به نام نورتن قرار داد نگارش این کتاب را می بندد. و پس از بازگشت مشغول جمع آوری اطلاعات و تحقیق درمورد موضوعات قابل درج می شود و در سال ۱۳۱۲ در حالی که ۶۰ سال سن داشت این کتاب را منتشر می کند.Bu kitabı e-kitap olarak okumak isterseniz, yayıncıya talebinizi iletebilmemiz için tıklayınız.
Avrupa’da savaş durup yeniden başlamış ve on üç yıl sürmüştü. Şimdi, 1805’te sözde barış olmuştuama huzursuz bir barış. Avrupa kralları, Fransa’da Bourbon hanedanını deviren devrime karşı hemensilaha sarıldıkları halde, Napolleon’un askerî dehası karşısında pek bir şey yapamıyorlardı. Fransa ile savaş hâlinde olan bir tek İngiltere kalmıştı; o da bunu denizlerdeki üstünlüğüne borçluydu. Bütün diğerdevletler gibi, Rusya da, Avusturya da savaştan çekilmişlerdi. Yalnız Napolleon imparatorluğunugiderek genişletiyordu. Bunun üzerine, Avrupa devletleri, kendi topraklarını kaybetmekten korkarakyeniden savaşa katılmayı düşünmeye başlamışlardıدرد زیر بغل
درد در زیر بغل به خصوص در قسمت چپ می تواند نگران کننده باشد و بسیاری از افراد هر درد در سمت چپ بدن خود را به حمله قلبی ارتباط می دهند. با این حال، بیشتر اوقات، درد در زیر بغل چپ دلیل جدی تری دارد. زیر بغل یک نقطه اتصال پیچیده برای عضلات و بافت های همبند، غدد لنفاوی و رگ های خونی است. برای همین بسیاری از عوامل در این زمینه می تواند منجر به درد شود. علت درد در زیر بغل از کشیده شدن عضلات تا واکنش های آلرژیک خفیف و حساسیت و موارد شدیدتر مانند عفونت زمینه ای می تواند متغیر باشد. در حالی که بسیاری از دلایل درد زیر بغل در طولانی مدت مضر و جدی نیستند، اما در صورت همراه شدن درد با مشکلات تنفسی و درد در قفسه سینه، فک یا گردن، باید فوراً به پزشک مراجعه شود.
علت درد زیر بغل
درد در هر دو قسمت زیر بغل می تواند از عوامل مختلفی از جمله تراشیدن گرفته تا لنفادما یا سرطان پستان ناشی شود. اما برخی از دلایل عمده درد در زیر بغل، عبارتند از:
فشار عضلانی
کشیدگی عضله سینه و بازو ناشی از ورزش شدید و آسیب دیدگی می تواند باعث ایجاد درد در این ناحیه شود. کشیده شدن عضلات و یا یک واکنش آلرژیک علل احتمالی درد در زیر بغل است. بسیاری از ماهیچه های اطراف شانه و زیر بغل در صورت آسیب رساندن باعث درد در این ناحیه می شوند. افرادی که مرتباً تمرینات ورزشی به خصوص تمرینات وزنه برداری را انجام می دهند، احتمالاً کشش و فشار عضلانی را تجربه می کنند. در این موارد، درد باید به مرور زمان تا حدود یک هفته برطرف شود. در غیر این صورت فرد باید به پزشک مراجعه کند.
شرایط پوستی
زیر بغل مکان مناسبی برای بروز واکنش به مواد حساسیت زا می باشد، که می تواند باعث ایجاد درد در زیر این ناحیه شود. بیشترین واکنش های آلرژیک در این منطقه به دلیل مواد شیمیایی و ضدعرق ها که افراد روی بدن یا لباس هایی زیر خود استفاده می کنند به وجود می آیند.
محرک های که می توانند در زیر بغل باعث واکنش های آلرژیک شوند، عبارتند از:
- عطر
- صابون
- دئودورانت
- مواد شوینده
- نرم کننده پارچه
- کرم یا لوسیون مرطوب کننده
این محصولات ممکن است حاوی مواد شیمیایی یا عطرهایی باشند که پوست را تحریک می کنند و باعث ایجاد ضایعات پوستی در این ناحیه شوند. آزمایش آلرژی ممکن است برای تشخیص نوع محرک پوستی مفید باشد.
آنژین
آنژین به دلیل عدم جریان خون به قلب رخ می دهد و می تواند ناشی از انسداد و باریک شدن شریان های منتهی به قلب باشد. این وضعیت باعث ایجاد درد و ناراحتی در قفسه سینه می شود. درد ناشی از آنژین در که گاهی اوقات شدید شده و ممکن است با درد در زیر بغل، شانه ها، گردن و فک همراه باشد.
زونا
زونا عفونت است که توسط ویروس واریسلا زوستر انتشار می یابد و باعث ایجاد بثورات پوستی و ناراحت کننده در پشت، قفسه سینه یا زیر بغل و حتی درد در این ناحیه می شود.
تورم غدد لنفاوی
سیستم لنفاوی بدن، شبکه ای از گره ها یا غدد است که در سراسر بدن یافت می شود. غدد لنفاوی در نزدیکی زیر بغل در دو طرف بدن وجود دارند. در صورت ابتلا فرد به سرماخوردگی یا آنفولانزا غدد لنفاوی متورم و دردناک می شوند. در طی عفونت، غدد لنفاوی با سلول های مضر پر می شوند و شروع به تورم می کنند. این بزرگ شدن باعث التهاب و درد می شود.
علل تورم غدد لنفاوی شامل موارد زیر است:
- سرخک
- گلو استرپ
- مونونوکلئوز
- عفونت گوش
- سرماخوردگی
- عفونت دندان
- یا عفونت ویروسی
- عفونت های تنفسی فوقانی
- زخم ها و عفونت های پوستی
همچنین انواع مختلفی از بیماری لنفاوی وجود دارد که می تواند باعث درد زیر بغل شوند، از جمله:
لنفودما
لنفودما از انسداد غدد لنفاوی ناشی می شود که می تواند بسیار دردناک باشد.
لنفادنوپاتی
لنفادنوپاتی از عفونت سیستم لنفاوی ناشی و باعث بزرگ شدن غدد لنفاوی می شود. برای کسب اطلاع بیشتر در این زمینه مقاله لنفادنوپاتی زیر بغل چیست؟ در پزشکت را بخوانید.
بیماری شریان محیطی
بیماری شریان محیطی رگ های خونی کوچک بازوها و پاها را باریک می کند و جریان اکسیژن را به بافت های اطراف کاهش می دهد. ماهیچه ها و سلول های محروم از اکسیژن شروع به پژمرده شدن کرده و می میرند، که می تواند باعث درد شدید شوند.
سرطان پستان
در موارد نادر، درد مدوام در زیر بغل چپ که در طولانی مدت از بین نمی رود می تواند نشانه رشد سلول های سرطانی از جمله سرطان پستان باشد. سرطان می تواند باعث درد در ناحیه گره های لنفاوی زیر بغل شود که در این صورت ممکن است با توده های در زیر بغل همراه باشد. گزینه های درمانی سرطان بستگی به مرحله و میزان انتشار آن دارد و به طور کلی درمان در مراحل اولیه آسانتر است. البته در این شرایط، سرطان، رشد خوش خیم سلول های سرطانی باشد که زیاد نگران کننده نیست. اما در هر حال نیاز به بررسی و تشخیص پزشک دارد. گره های لنفاوی متورم در زیر بغل ممکن است باعث ایجاد یک یا چند توده در زیر بغل، حساسیت و درد شوند. اگر التهاب بعد از عفونت از بین نرود و فرد علائم دیگری نداشته باشد، باید به پزشک مراجعه کند.
پسوریازیس
پسوریازیس یک بیماری سیستم ایمنی بدن است که منجر به رشد بیش از حد سلول های پوستی می شود. سلول های پوستی تکه هایی به نام پلاک تشکیل می دهند که این پلاک ها می توانند علائمی مانند خارش و درد ایجاد کنند. پلاک های پسوریازیس به خصوص نوع پسوریازیس معکوس می توانند در هر نقطه، از جمله زیر بغل تشکیل شوند. درمان پسوریازیس به طور معمول شامل داروهای موضعی و خوراکی برای کنترل علائم است.
آیا در زیر بغل خود به طور مداوم احساس خارش دارید؟ مقاله علل خارش زیر بغل چیست؟ در پزشکت را بخوانید.
آسیب عصبی
آسیب عصبی ناشی از آسیب جسمی مانند ورزش های شدید می تواند باعث ایجاد درد در زیر بغل، مور مور شدن، بی حسی و سوزش زیر بغل شود. علاوه بر آن شرایط خاصی مانند دیابت نیز ممکن است منجر به آسیب عصبی یا نوروپاتی شود. که در این صورت درمان دیابت در کاهش سرعت پیشرفت آسیب عصبی موثر است.
عفونت های پوستی
باکتری ها در محیط های گرم و مرطوب مانند زیر بغل رشد می کنند. رشد زیاد باکتری ها در این منطقه ممکن است منجر به عفونت پوستی در زیر بغل و خارش، قرمزی و درد در این ناحیه شود. اشکال دیگر عفونت مانند عفونت های قارچی ناشی از کرم حلقوی یا مخمر نیز باعث ایجاد درد و سوزش مشابه در زیربغل می شود. در صورتی که زیر بغل فرد تمیز و خشک باشد، عفونت های خفیف پوست بدون درمان ،برطرف می شود. با این حال، پزشک ممکن است کرم های ضد باکتری یا داروها را برای درمان موارد شدیدتر توصیه کند.
هیدرادنیت
Hidradenitis یک بیماری مزمن است که باعث ایجاد علائم مشابه آکنه شدید می شود. هیدرادنیت به دلیل گرفتگی غده های مو ایجاد می شود و بیشتر در مناطقی که پوست به هم مالیده می شود مانند زیر بغل، شایع است. هیدرادنیت می تواند منجر به ایجاد کیست یا جوش های متعدد، درد و حساسیت شود. پزشکان می توانند هیدرادنیت را با داروهای ضد التهاب درمان کنند. در بعضی موارد ممکن است فرد به عمل جراحی نیاز داشته باشد.
علائم درد زیر بغل
بسته به علت درد زیر بغل، علائم فرد ممکن است کاملاً متفاوت باشند:
- علائم سرطان پستان می تواند شامل تغییر در شکل و اندازه پستان باشد.
- اختلالات گره لنفاوی می تواند باعث تورم در بازو یا زیر بغل همراه با تب و سوزش شود.
- شرایط پوستی مانند فولیکول های موی زخم یا زونا باعث ایجاد ضایعات پوستی در این ناحیه می شود.
درد زیر بغل که مربوط به فشار عضلانی است ممکن است بعد از استراحت عضلات به مرور زمان بدون نیاز به درمان خاصی بهبود یابد. اما اگر درد با علائم دیگری مانند تورم یا توده همراه باشد یا بیش از چند روز طول بکشد فرد باید به پزشک مراجعه کند. در بیشتر موارد، درمان زودرس منجر به نتایج بهتری می شود. حتی اگر درد یک مشکل موقت مربوط به عضلات باشد، تشخیص یک بیماری نیز می تواند اضطراب را کاهش دهد.
تشخیص درد زیر بغل
پزشک برای تشخیص علت درد، زیر بغل بیمار را معاینه می کند و در مورد سایر علائم سؤالاتی را می پرشد. همچنین ممکن است برای تشخیص بهتر، گلو، گوش و پوست بیمار معاینه شود. اگر آنها به اختلال گره لنفاوی یا سرطان پستان مشکوک شوند، آزمایش خون و احتمالاً بیوپسی بافت از غده لنفاوی یا توده را تجویزمی کنند. آزمایش خون می تواند شامل شمارش کامل خون (CBC) باشد.
درمان درد زیر بغل
- در کشیدگی عضلانی درمان معمولاً شامل استفاده از کیسه های یخ و استراحت برای چند روز اول است.
- درمان زونا می تواند شامل مصرف داروهای ضد ویروسی باشد. در صورت تشدید درد پزشک می تواند کرم کپسایسین یا داروهای بی حس کننده مانند لیدوکائین را تجویز کند.
- Hidradenitis suppurativa با آنتی بیوتیک ها و داروهای ضد آکنه درمان می شود. اگر این بیماری به داروها پاسخ ندهد، ممکن است فرد به عمل جراحی نیاز داشته باشد.
- درمان غدد لنفاوی متورم به علت آن بستگی دارد. یک عفونت باکتریایی به آنتی بیوتیک نیاز دارد، در حالی که یک عفونت ویروسی معمولاً با گذر زمان برطرف می شود. بعضی اوقات، استفاده از پارچه گرم و مرطوب روی قسمت آسیب دیده زیر بغل می تواند درد در زیر بغل را کاهش دهد.
پیشگیری درد زیر بغل
پیشگیری از سرطان پستان یا اختلالات لنفاوی برای جلوگیری از بروز درد در ناحیه زیر بغل تقریباً غیرممکن است، اما معاینات سالانه می تواند به در تشخیص زودهنگام این بیماری های موثر باشند. سایر علل درد زیر بغل ممکن است با چند راهکار ساده قابل پیشگیری باشد. به عنوان مثال، شما می توانید با از کشیدگی عضلات خود جلوگیری کنید و یا با دریافت واکسن زونا تا حد زیادی شانس ابتلا به عفونت را کاهش دهید. همچنین با تعویض دئودورانت ها، محصولات ضد عرقی یا مواد شوینده می توانید از بروز مشکلات پوستی مانند درماتیت تماسی، جلوگیری کنید و با رعایت نکات بهداشتی زیر بغل خود را تمیز نگه دارید.
پیش آگهی درد زیر بغل
بسیاری از شرایطی که می تواند باعث ایجاد درد زیر بغل شود، مانند زونا یا کشیدگی عضلات، قابل کنترل و معمولاً موقتی هستند و چند روز تا چند هفته ادامه می یابند. اما مشکلاتی مانند سرطان پستان یا اختلالات غدد لنفاوی می تواند جدی باشند. با این حال گزینه های درمانی و تشخیص زودهنگام به افزایش شانس بقا و پیش آگهی مثبت بیماری کمک می کنند. اگر درد بیش از چند روز ادامه پیدا کرد، حتما به پزشک مراجعه شود.
سبک زندگی و درمان خانگی درد زیر بغل
برای تسکین یا جلوگیری از این درد، می توانید راهکارهای زیر را در نظر بگیرید:
- خیلی زیاد زیر بغل
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-free programming, you could do filter ID to refer to the thing going in. It's kind of weird, so, but the point is you need an identity function and a composition function and you can have the categories. So, it's kind of a design pattern we're gonna use in our programs.
[00:03:45] So here, there's laws associated with it. That means if I compose the left and right identity, it's always just gonna be just like running the normal function. Cuz if identity just spits the argument right back out at you, I mean what's the point? It's always just gonna work.
[00:04:01] Down at the bottom is associative. That's why we've been able to compose x amount of arguments. It doesn't matter how they're grouped. It's also why we're able to just grab any subcomposition any two functions in a row in our compose, and pull it out into its own function.
[00:04:15] So this isn't Haskell syntax, no. Whoa, my mouse is all crazy. That's weird, it's like a delay, okay. So like we saw over in this over here, we could grab out any two. If I had F and G and H right here, I could just be like, these go together.
[00:04:38] Boom, and I'll make a new one called J that is the subcomposition of these. And the reason for that is that compose is associated so it doesn't matter how these are grouped together, so you can pull them out in their own functions. So that's really neat. It's just like add.
[00:04:57] It doesn't matter if you add 1 and 2 or 2 and 3. They always end up in the same result.The eclipse season continues, as the Moon's nodes--the intersection line of the Moon's orbital plane and the Earth's orbital plane--continue to point in the direction of the Sun and anti-Sun. After the winter solstice lunar eclipse Europe, Northern Africa, and the Middle East will get a partial solar eclipse on January 4th. The maximum eclipse reaches nearly 86% in Scandinavia, although I wouldn't really trust a low-altitude solar eclipse at the Arctic Circle this time of year to be likely visible.
Since we know the Moon's orbital plane right now, we can extrapolate to the appearance of the Moon in upcoming months and phases. We know that the first and third quarter Moons will be either higher or lower away from the ecliptic, since at new the moon was obviously at the ecliptic (to produce the eclipse). So we need one other piece of information to give us the appearance of the Moon in the sky: is the node ascending or descending? Recall the Moon passing Jupiter about two weeks ago.
Was it above or below Jupiter in the sky?
Sadly, I had to check via a planetarium program because I couldn't remember. It passed above Jupiter. So the node is ascending, and the First Quarter Moon in January will be higher than usual in the sky and the Third Quarter Moon lower (but keep in mind only in deviation from the ecliptic, not in absolute elevation in the sky). In three months (aka March-April) the full Moon will be lower in the sky than usual and rise and set further south than normal.
Sunday, December 26, 2010
Wednesday, December 15, 2010
In addition to causing breast cancer, light pollution has now been shown to affect the atmospheric chemistry at night in urban regions, increasing the next day air pollution by up to 5%. Ignoring any deleterious effect on astronomy, why are we being idiots on this? Why can't people aim lights correctly so they don't miss well over 50% of the thing they want to light? Why can't we understand if you want to light something on the ground, you can't do it by sending light up?Sundance'te prömiyeri gerçekleşen How It Ends'ten fragman yayınlandı
Dünyanın sona ereceği günde, kendi gençliğinin metafiziksel bir hâliyle birlikte son bir partiye varmak için Los Angeles sokaklarını arşınlayan Liza'nın hayatına girmiş insanlarla karşılaşarak yaptığı trajikomik iç hesaplaşmayı konu edinen How It Ends'te, Daryl Wein ile birlikte filmi kaleme alıp yöneten Zoe Lister-Jones'un Liza'ya, son olarak Mare of Easttown'da yer alan Cailee Spaeny ise Liza'nın gençliğine hayat veriyor.
Olivia Wilde, Fred Armisen, Whitney Cummings, Charlie Day, Mary Elizabeth Ellis, Helen Hunt, Nick Kroll, Lamorne Morris, Bradley Whitford, Colin Hanks, Tawny Newsome, Finn Wolfhard, Logan Marshall-Green, Sharon Van Etten gibi isimlerin yer aldığı zengin kadrosuyla dikkat çeken film, 20 Temmuz 2021'de ABD'de gösterime girecek.垃圾分类使人贫穷…来看看英国垃圾不正确分类是怎么罚款的！
发布时间：2019-07-16 16:10:22
浏览：1205
最近上海朋友的近况不禁让一些旅德小伙伴回忆起刚到德国时，被五颜六色的垃圾桶支配的恐惧，毕竟德国自1904年开始实施垃圾分类，至今已走过115个年头。为了强制每个居民分类倒弃垃圾，德国政府制订了一套严格的处罚规定，并设有“环境警察”。下面就让大家来看看英国人是怎么分垃圾的吧~
英国人民表示呵呵：个人罚款50-200元就算严格了？大家罚的可比这个狠多了。
英国人扔错垃圾？高额罚款伺候
据英国《每日电讯报》报道，英国萨塞克斯郡的一位39岁的妈妈Mapletoft夫人收到来自罚款企业3GS的“恐吓信”，要求其缴纳600英镑（约合5300元人民币!）的现金罚款，否则她将被告上法庭，到时罚款将涨至2500英镑（约2.2万人民币），甚至可能坐牢。
一脸懵逼继而认栽的Mapletoft夫人向记者出示收到的罚款函
收到这样吓人的罚款单，一家人十分惊恐。更令人无语的是，罚款的原因仅仅是因为一个纸箱被扔错了垃圾桶。
虽然Mapletoft夫人觉得区区为一个分类错误的垃圾，付这么多罚款实在不合理，但因为孩子的担忧和更高处罚后果的压力，她还是选择了交钱了事。
在英国，这样的案例并不鲜见。
2017年6月时《每日邮报》报道过，伦敦姑娘Elise忽然接到社区罚款通知，称她将垃圾扔进邻居的垃圾桶，罚款80镑。
如此言之凿凿，是因为环卫工人声称在那袋垃圾中找到了有她信息的银行账单。
不服气的Elise没有选择花钱了事，而是一怒将社区投诉到政府，并向记者揭露垃圾罚款背后的“黑料”：
这些所谓执法企业的员工开罚单是有提成可抽的。比如有员工一个月靠开罚单就赚了987镑（约合8700元人民币）。在这种奖励机制下，难免有人故意制造可开罚单的“事故”了。（这操作听着有点耳熟？）
Elise和她最后的倔强
虽然据理力争的Elise最后成功使社区撤掉了处罚，而因为扔错垃圾惹来这么多官司和麻烦，也足见英国人对垃圾分类有多重视了。Esad, Suriye devlet başkanlığına yeniden aday oldu
Suriye Devlet Başkanı Beşar Esad, 26 Mayıs'ta düzenlenmesi planlanan başkanlık seçimlerinde yeniden aday oldu.
Geçtiğimiz dönem 2014 yılında gerçekleştirilen seçimlerde oyların yüzde 88.7'sini alarak üçüncü kez devlet başkanı olan Suriye Devlet Başkanı Beşar Esad, meclis seçimlerinin her ne olursa olsun belirlenen tarihte yapılacağını belirtti.
Daha önce Suriye Devlet Başkanlığı Basın Dairesi, Esad’ın genel seçimler için 13 Nisan tarihini belirttiğini açıklamıştı. Esad yaptığı açıklamada, 26 Mayıs'ta düzenlenecek seçimlerde yeniden aday olmak için gerekli resmi belgeleri sunduğunu söyledi. Suriye savaşı başladığından beri üçüncü genel seçimin yapılacağı Suriye’de Esad seçim tarihiyle ilgili kararnameyi de imzaladı.
Yarın Moskova'da Rusya Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Putin ile Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan arasında yapılacak kritik zirve öncesi Rus devlet televizyonu Rossiya 24'e açıklamalarda bulunan Suriye Devlet Başkanı Beşar Esad, nisanda yapılması planlanan meclis seçimleri için şunları söyledi “Milletvekili seçimleri ne olursa olsun zamanında gerçekleşecek."
Topraklarının yüzde 70'inden fazlası hükümet güçlerinin kontrolünde bulunan Suriye’nin 2012 yılında kabul edilen anayasasına göre devlet başkanı ancak iki kez yedi yıl süreyle seçilebiliyor. Ancak bu kural 2021 yılından itibaren yürürlüğe girecek.روزنامه فايننشال تايمز چاپ آلمان می نويسد با آنکه عراقی ها از حضور نظامی آمريکا برای سرنگونی رژيم صدام حسين در کشورشان استقبال کرده اند، ولی مايلند که متخصصين و مهندسين فنی عراقی استخراج نفت اين کشور را هر چه زودتر بر عهده بگيرند. به مشروح اين گزارش توجه فرماييد."Ağaç Duruşları Çigong Sistemi" 'nin ve "Zihin/Niyet Yumruğu (YiQuan) / (DaChengChuan)" savaş sanatının kurucusu olan Wang Xiang Zhai (Vang Şang Cay) 1886 ve 1963 yılları arasında Çin'de yaşamıştır. Ağaç duruşlarıyla erken yaşlarında sağlıklı olmak için tanışmıştır ve bir çigong sistemi haline dönüştürmüştür. devam..
Büyük usta Wan Xiang Zhai'ın, ilk öğrencilerinden biri batı tıbbı eğitimi alıp, diş hekimliğinde uzmanlaşmış bir genç adamdı. Adı Yu Yong Nian'dı. 1920'de doğan Yu Yong Nian, temel eğitimini aldıktan sonra tıp yüksek öğrenimi için Japonya'ya gönderildi. 21 yaşında tokyo üniversitesinden mezun oldu ve Çin'e geri döndü. O tarihten sonra Pekin Demiryolları Hastanesinde çalışmaya başladı. 3 yıl sonra, saatlerce ayakta geçen, uzun yorucu diş hekimliği mesaisi yüzünden, Wang Xiang Zhai'nin öğrencisi olarak çalışmaya başladı. devamı.
Savaş sanatları çalışmaya 12 yaşında başlayan Lam Kam Chuen, 1948 yılında Hong Kong'da doğmuştur. Geleneksel çin tıbbı, savaş sanatları, çin felsefi ve dini sistemleri konusunda bir uzmandır. 1975 yılında İngiltereye taşınarak, Çin sanatlarını batıya tanıtann öncülerden biridir. Ağaç duruşları çigong sistemini öğreten bir çok eğitmen yetiştirmiştir. Tüm dünyada Kıbrıs ve Türkiye'de atölyeler düzenlemektedir. Çigong tai chi, savaş sanatları, şifa, feng şui ve çin çay seromonisi konularında devam..
1972 doğumlu Tarık Tekman, Yıldız Teknik üniversitesi elektrik mühendisliği mezunudur. Başta Lam Kam Chuen olmak üzere, birçok ustayla çigong ve tai chi çalışmıştır ve 2008 yılından beri çigong eğitimleri vermektedir. Lam Kam Chuen tarafından, Ağaç Duruşları Çigong Sistemi (Zhan Zhuang Chi Kung) eğitmenliği ve eğitmen yetiştirme konusunda yetkilendirilmiş az sayıdaki batılı uzmandan biridir. devam..By On May 16, 2018 worksheets
In addition to supporting learning more generally, learning materials can assist teachers in an important professional duty: the differentiation of instruction. Differentiation of instruction is the tailoring of lessons and instruction to the different learning styles and capacities within your classroom. Learning materials such as worksheets, group activity instructions, games, or homework assignments all allow you to modify assignments to best activate each individual students learning style.
Why are worksheets important for kids and what are their benefits? Have you ever thought about it? As a parent, one has to take extra care and attention when it comes to teaching children from Class 1 to 5. Academics being one of the most important things which help students flourish in their school life.
Getting your hands on valuable teaching materials is not nearly as difficult as it can seem at first. The Internet has many resources for teachers, most of them free, that can significantly increase the contents of your teaching toolbox. You can also make your own materials. Every learning material you develop will be an asset to you when you next teach a similar unit. An investment of time or money in good teaching materials is an investment in good teaching.
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© 2011 - 2018 Paydayloansnsj.info. All rights reserved.1964ten bu yana yılın otomobili
1964 yılından beri Yılın Otomobili’ni seçen Car of the Year adlı organizasyon, 2011 için tercihini ilk kez bir elektrikli otomobilden, Nissan'ın Leaf modelinden yana kullandı. Peki bu seneye kadar 46 senedir hangi yıl hangi araç, yılın otomobili seçilmişti?
47 yıldır Avrupa'da yılın arabalarını seçen Car of the Year (Yılın Arabası) adlı organizasyonda Nissan'ın elektrikli modeli Leaf birinci seçildi. Ayrıca bugüne dek seçilen araçların da listesi yayınlandı. Organizasyon bu seneye kadar bakın hangi yıl hangi araçları Yılın Arabası seçti?
1964
Rover 2000IN 2004, Extension directors and administrators from around the country realized the Internet and new technologies were going to play a vital role in the future of the Cooperative Extension system. As a result, they decided to create eXtension (pronounced e-extension), an interactive learning site that aims to deliver objective, research-based, credible knowledge to help growers solve problems in real time. “Its goal is to bring the resources of the U.S. Cooperative Extension System, found in nearly every U.S. county, to existing and new audiences via new technologies,” says Terry Meisenbach, communications and marketing leader of the eXtension Initiative.
The initiative is formed around communities of interest that include groups of individuals who share interests in common topics. Then, Cooperative Extension experts from land grant universities formed communities of practice. “These communities of practice work collaboratively to develop content found at www.extension.org,” Meisenbach says. “Content is peer reviewed and continues the objective, credible, and research-based traditions of traditional Cooperative Extension.”
eXtension is funded by an assessment that all directors and administrators pay based on their Smith-Lever (federal formula funds) funding, as well as by a federal grant program, New Technologies for Agricultural Extension.
There currently are approximately 60 different communities of practice on the site, including All About Blueberries, Apples, Bee Management, Grapes, and Wildlife Damage Management. Meisenbach says new communities of practice are being added all the time. eXtension also is using resources like Facebook and Twitter to interact with eXtension users and incorporate their input into Extension projects. “We welcome any and all to come to eXtension and become part of any of our communities,” Meisenbach says.We have a wealth of astronomical satellites from various organisations circling around the Earth staring at numerous astronomical targets. But on a given time, where do they exactly look at? Each satellite project has its own devoted time schedule retrievable from the web, giving information about observations done in the past, observations foreseen in the near-future (i.e., short-term), and observations foreseen in the far future (i.e., long-term). All have different ways and styles to retrieve and display the schedules. This makes it extremely cumbersome to see what a satellite is observing or did observe at a given time or will observe in the future; comparing schedules from different satellites are even harder.
Combine the past and future time schedules of satellites into a common calendar and make the information easily accessible. This can be done as an app or a website.
- A first set-up of the project was done (mySpaceCal.com), but it is not satisfactory yet. Clearly, a different touch is needed: things need to be improved or changed, and speeded up. Are there alternative ways to retrieve and display
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incredibile di test rafforzano questo fatto.
In tutte le circostanze, riceverai suggerimenti complessi sulla preparazione e a parte questo anche altrove su Internet, che è collegato in questo testo.
Quali sono i risultati realistici con Glande in erezione?
Puoi essere sicuro di poter aumentare la tua potenza grazie a i Glande in erezione
Si tratta di un'opinione inequivocabilmente provata - in nessun modo è una mera affermazione.
Finché si nota un risultato grave, potrebbe volerci del tempo
Può essere che i risultati con Glande in erezione diventeranno evidenti solo nel processo successivo del cure.
Può anche essere che i risultati superano quelli di altri test e si celebrano notevoli progressi nel miglioramento della potenza in poche ore.
I tuoi amici noteranno sicuramente la vitalità in più. Nella maggior parte dei casi, è la propria parentela che nota per la prima volta i risultati.
report di test Glande in erezione analizzati
Vi sempre consiglio di verificare se ci sono test positivi con questo prodotto. Le opinioni dei malati soddisfatti danno una buona immagine dell'efficacia.
La nostra valutazione dei Glande in erezione è principalmente nel flusso di sperimentazioni cliniche, critiche ed esperienze dei clienti. Esattamente queste esperienze emozionanti che ora guardiamo:
A causa degli sviluppi sorprendenti, molti acquirenti del prodotto menzionato sono quindi soddisfatti:
Naturalmente, questi sono in piccolo numero di testimonianze e il prodotto può colpire diversi punti di forza per tutti.
In media, tuttavia, i risultati sembrano notevoli e penso che il risultato sarà anche molto soddisfacente per voi.
Si può quindi sicuramente guardare avanti per quanto segue:
Diventa ancora una volta molto più maschile!
Questo processo avviene principalmente a livello mentale: se ti senti così disconnesso dalla tua mascolinità, non agisci malelina, e il tuo corpo segue questi pensieri permettendo loro di prosperare altrettanto fisicamente.
Pertanto, si dimostra che se l'organo sessuale non è permanentemente perenning nella capacità, questo è difficilmente piacevole. Per entrambe le parti. E non importa se soffri di un disturbo della potenza, a volte non puoi o hai poca resistenza.
Alcuni si arrendono al punto e prevengono il sonno, in modo da non dover affrontare la loro insoddisfazione.
Non permettere questo e approfittare dei fatti che sono stati incorporati nella ricerca approfondita di Glande in erezione.
L'idea che si sta prendendo un farmaco potente si rivolge al vostro personale. Per non parlare dell'efficacia.
Immaginare quanto sarebbe bello sentire erezioni dopo un lungo periodo di tempo che accadono perfettamente libero. Vedi una recensione Respiro veloce cane. Se il desiderio di dormire con il pensiero che si può soddisfare completamente ogni donna continua a salire.
Così, se siete pronti a investire denaro, tempo e perseveranza nella vostra potenza e investire in Glande in erezione, non esitate e ordinare la vostra cura, perché può essere libero di vendere solo per un breve periodo di tempo e così a buon mercato.
La nostra conclusione: Prova Glande in erezione sicuramente.
Sarebbe bene non aspettare troppo a lungo e rischiare che il prodotto diventi non disponibile. Purtroppo, nel caso di prodotti naturali, accade di volta in volta che possono essere acquistati solo su prescrizione medica o sono anche ritirati dal mercato dopo un breve periodo di tempo.
Il risultato: Acquistare il prodotto dalla fonte che colleghiamo e dare una possibilità prima che sia troppo tardi per acquistare il prodotto ad un costo adeguato così come legalmente.
Qual è la tua valutazione: sei abbastanza paziente per passare attraverso il processo completamente? Se metti in dubbio il tuo potenziale, risparmia ti sforzi. Ma è probabile che tu sia guidato abbastanza da mordere il tuo senso attraverso, soprattutto ottenendo il rinforzo insostituibile che il prodotto ha da offrire.
In primo luogo, una nota significativa primadi iniziare:
Come già detto, il prodotto non deve essere acquistato da una fonte non verificata. Dopo il mio consiglio per provare finalmente il rimedio sulla base dei buoni risultati del test, un amico aveva immaginato che avrebbe ottenuto più economico con i venditori non verificati. Questo lo distingue dagli altri prodotti come Scarica oroscopo paolo fox. Il risultato è stato deludente.
Tutte le copie che ho ordinato sono state acquistate ai link elencati. Pertanto, il mio consiglio è quello di ordinare i prodotti solo dal produttore originale, quindi siete invitati a utilizzare i link elencati
Se desideri ordinare tali articoli da negozi online come Ebay o Amazon, vorremmo sottolineare che l'autenticità dei prodotti e la discrezione non sono di solito garantiti. Ecco perché vorremmo consigliarvi contro questi rivenditori online. Un tentativo di farmacia locale è anche inutile.
Acquistare il prodotto esclusivamente attraverso il produttore collegato - questo è dove si ottiene il miglior prezzo, processi privi di rischi e poco appariscenti e determinare i mezzi autentici.
Se segui le mie raccomandazioni, niente dovrebbe stolto di mano.
Qualcuno dovrebbe senza dubbio ordinare un numero maggiore, in questo modo tutti possono risparmiare denaro e bypassare i saggi costantemente. Questo approccio ha dimostrato il suo valore in tutti i mezzi di questo tipo, in quanto il trattamento sostenibile è il più promettente.به گزارش خبرگزاری ای بی اس نیوز ، معاون امور نمایشگاه های شرکت سهامی نمایشگاه های بین المللی ایران گفت: ششمین نمایشگاه واردات چین از 23 تا 28 آبان ماه 91 در شانگهای برگزار می شود که این نمایشگاه فرصت مناسبی برای حضور صادرکنندگان است.
وی افزود: نمایشگاه واردات برتر چین موسوم به CIIE در سال 2018 برگزار شد.
بیآزار افزود: اولین دوره نمایشگاه واردات چین (CIIE) ابتکاری قابل تقدیر در تاریخ توسعه تجارت بینالمللی جهانی است. ششمین نمایشگاه واردات چین از 14 تا 19 نوامبر 2023 (5 تا 10 نوامبر 2023) در شانگهای برگزار می شود.
وی گفت: این اکسپو بزرگترین اکسپوی وارداتی چین است و فرصت مناسبی برای توسعه صادرات و ورود کالاهای ایرانی به بازار چین است. ایران با دو غرفه ملی و اختصاصی در این نمایشگاه حضور خواهد داشت.
مدیرعامل سازمان توسعه تجارت شرق آسیا نیز در ادامه این نشست خبری بر اهمیت بازار چین برای ایران تاکید کرد و بر تقویت حضور مستمر و حداکثری شرکت ها در این نمایشگاه تاکید کرد و گفت: شرکت ها می توانند با یک نفر وارد این نمایشگاه شوند. رویکرد و به عنوان یک واحد و غرفه و به نمایش گذاشتن توانمندی های صادراتی خود.
دلیری با بیان اینکه شرکت های زیادی تحت عنوان واحد یا پاویون در این نمایشگاه حضور دارند، حضور مستمر شرکت ها را برای ارتقای برند صادراتی ایران و انتقال پیام کشور مهم دانست و گفت: در بخش دولتی سعی شده تسهیل شود. مشارکت شرکت ها در نمایشگاه و فعال سازی مشوق های مربوطه.
وی با اشاره به اهمیت بازار چین برای کشور گفت: اکثر کشورهای منطقه و رقبا برنامه های مشخص و دقیقی برای همکاری با چین دارند و بنابراین برای حفظ این بازار و این رقابت باید بر اساس آن پیش رفت. طرح های تفصیلی و پروژه های خاص
دلیری با اشاره به فرصتهای موجود در زمینه افزایش سرمایهگذاری چینیها در ایران، به توانایی این کشور در عرضهکننده انرژی، مواد اولیه، مواد معدنی و غیره اشاره کرد. تا چین این سرمایه گذاری ها را فعال کند.
absnewsFenerbahçe, 30 Eylül Perşembe günü Ülker Stadyumu Fenerbahçe Şükrü Saracoğlu Spor Kompleksinde Yunanistan temsilcisi Olympiacos ile oynayacağı UEFA Avrupa Ligi D Grubu ikinci maçının hazırlıklarına Can Bartu Tesisleri'nde yaptığı antrenmanla başladı.
İrfan Can Kahveci takımdan ayrı saha çalışmalarına başladı. Nazım Sangare ve Jose Sosa da takımdan ayrı gerçekleştirdikleri saha çalışmalarını sürdürdü.Why Lesson Planet?
In this math worksheet, students identify the radius, chord and diameter of a circle. They compute the radius and diameter of a circle when given the circumference. Students compute the circumference of a circle when given either the diameter or the radius. Students find the area of a circle with a hole in it when given the diameters of both circles.- Nov 25, 2017 -
With the development of science and technology, new technologies, new products and new materials are emerging. This is the net, continuously improve the quality, more and more intelligent, convenient, accurate direction.
Net has the advantages of not overwhelming, bending, reduce commodity, and certain air permeability, light transmission, can be used in winter and summer, can improve the temperature in winter, summer can reduce the temperature and increase the growth of crops.
Early spring climate variability, the low temperature at night, when the late spring coldness invasion, with sun shading net insulation cover, can effectively reduce the occurrence of chilling injury in early spring. 3 months late planting of tomato and pepper and other plastic film small arch shed. The night with the shade, can improve the temperature inside the shed. To promote the growth of seedlings.
At the end of March to early April can also be used with plastic film covering on the surface of the shade, night or early sowing and seedling early colonization of potato, beans, etc. Sauteed Green Beans (surface coverage is a horizontal frame with sunshade net is directly covered with crops above, can also be a simple bamboo rope, about 50 cm high, can be covered with shade net) to promote growth, reduce frost. The summer temperature is high, and the wind and rain are frequent, which is very unfavorable to the cultivation of vegetable seedlings.
The commonly used straw mulching, straw mats and other shade cloths instead, convenient management and ideal effect, can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of seedling. The specific approach is: before sowing and seedling shading will directly covered on the bed after the emergence of a timely start covering, shed height more than l meters, sunny day, rainy days off cover: the temperature is higher than 30 degrees at 10 in the morning cover, 4 pm when the temperature is higher than 35%. The whole canopy.
Hot summer with cool shading cultivation of fast-growing leafy vegetables, shading in the original greenhouse, small shed protection facilities or build simple trellis covered shade net, can grow normally in the summer to the growth of radish, parsley, celery, spinach, lettuce, chrysanthemum etc.. Only according to the season on the net, can play the function of shading. You can get better shade effect.
被告人徐某诈骗案
|来源： 发布时间： 2014年06月23日|
□ 孙志彬
[裁判摘要]：负有保管义务的被告人以次充好，偷换所保管的财产，应认定为利用职务便利，根据犯罪对象的不同，分别定为贪污罪或职务侵占罪，所用替换物如具有较大的价值，应从犯罪数额中扣除。
被告人徐某，男，1974年10月6日出生，系济南某贸易有限公司临时工司机。
被告人梁某，男，1972年6月21日出生，农民。
被告人于某，男，1976年2月3日出生，农民。
历下区人民检察院以被告人徐某犯诈骗罪，被告人梁某、于某犯掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪向历下区人民法院提起公诉。
历下区人民法院经公开审理查明：济南某贸易有限公司系一家物流公司，2010年3月初，被告人徐某被该公司雇佣为送车司机，2010年3月29日至4月23日，被告人徐某利用担任济南市某贸易有限公司送车司机的便利，在由济南市至河北某专用车有限公司、三河市某专用车有限公司的送车途中，先后六次用51条无三包凭证的翻新、杂牌轮胎(价值人民币81600元)调换中国重汽集团生产的“豪沃”型重卡底盘车原装“佳通”牌、“倍耐力”牌、“三角”牌轮胎51条(价值人民币101484元)。被告人徐某将调换下的原装轮胎以每条人民币2000元不等的价格销赃。
被告人梁某在明知被告人徐某调换轮胎是为了用质量差的杂牌轮胎来骗取新车原装轮胎的情况下，在马某介绍下，先后二次帮助被告人徐某调换并转移调换下的原装“倍耐力”牌轮胎4条、原装“三角”牌轮胎13条，共计价值人民币32800元。被告人于某在明知被告人徐某用杂牌轮胎调换新车原装轮胎是为了骗取差价款的情况下，为被告人徐某调换并收购调换下的原装“倍耐力”牌轮胎13条，价值人民币27170元。
历下区人民法院认为：被告人徐某利用职务便利，非法占为本单位财物，数额较大，其行为已构成职务侵占罪。本案中徐某的行为不符合诈骗罪犯罪构成的客观方面特征，因此不构成诈骗罪。公诉机关指控被告人徐某犯诈骗罪，罪名不当，应予纠正。被告人徐某用于调换原装轮胎的杂牌和翻新轮胎在市场上仍有流通，不但具有使用价值，也具有商品价值，济南市某贸易有限公司的实际损失应为原装轮胎价值与杂牌和翻新轮胎价值的差额，被告人徐某主观上也是想非法占有原装轮胎价值与杂牌和翻新轮胎价值的差额，根据主客观相一致原则，徐某的犯罪数额应为两者之间的差额，因此，应将所用替换轮胎的价值从犯罪数额中扣除。公诉机关指控被告人徐某的犯罪数额为原装轮胎的价值有误，应予纠正。被告人梁某、于某明知是犯罪所得的财物而予以收购、转移，其行为均已构成掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪。被告人徐某在案发前主动赔偿了受害单位的经济损失，且归案后认罪态度较好，确有悔罪表现，依法可酌情从轻处罚并适用缓刑。被告人梁某、于某归案后认罪态度较好，确有悔罪表现，依法均可酌情从轻处罚并适用缓刑。据此，根据相关法律规定作出如下判决：
被告人徐某犯职务侵占罪，判处有期徒刑一年，缓刑二年。
被告人梁某犯掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪，判处有期徒刑七个月，缓刑一年，并处罚金人民币一万二千元。
被告人于某犯掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得罪，判处有期徒刑七个月，缓刑一年，并处罚金人民币一万元。
一审宣判后，三被告人均未提出上诉，检察机关亦未抗诉，判决发生法律效力。
|【关闭】|
DURHAM — Physicists from the University of New Hampshire’s Space Science Center have been funded by NASA to develop key technological components needed for instruments on board next-generation small research satellites known as “CubeSats.”
The three-year, $369,948 competitive grant was awarded through NASA’s Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, or EPSCoR, Research Infrastructure Development (RID) program. The project involves three scientists from the UNH Institute the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space and department of physics, two collaborators from Dartmouth College, and several regional industrial partners.
The project’s principal investigator is research professor Antoinette Galvin, who also serves as the director for the New Hampshire NASA EPSCoR program headquartered at UNH. NASA EPSCoR establishes partnerships with government, higher education, and industry that are designed to effect lasting improvements in a state’s or region’s research infrastructure and R&D capacity. In addition to the research and technology development, the awards enable faculty development and higher education student support.
For the multifaceted RID project, associate professor Marc Lessard is lead scientist for work aimed at developing miniaturized instrumentation for a
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正如有特殊的人，使自己在这一领域取得成功，你可以是一个特殊的人，在其他领域的成功，所以，你不只是在正常的现实循环，但生活在一个超越现实的。 事实上，这是所有有关的心路历程是什么...
有可能是关注的Shift在正确的地方。 任何有关这方面的不确定性或焦虑的恐惧，因此，从自我。 从现在开始，肯定对自己说：“我 时刻 在正确的时间在正确的地方“...خبرگزاری فارس: ملی پوشان تمرین خود را از ساعت ١٦:٣٠ به وقت محلی تمرین آغاز کردند که البته تمرین امروز با مشکلاتی برگزار شد.آخرین تمرین تاکتیکی شاگردان کرانچار در زمین خاکی بود!
*در ابتدا به دلیل محدودیت زمانی بازیکنان بدنهای خود را گرم کردند و در ادامه برای مرور کارهای تاکتیکی به دو قسمت تقسیم شدند.تمرین امروز زیر نظر مستقیم کرانچار و دستیارانش رضا شاهرودی، سهراب بختیاری زاده و فرشاد ماجدی انجام شد و به نظر می رسید با توجه به آنالیز عربستان برنامه های تاکتیکی روی نقاط ضعف و قوت سعودی ها شکل گرفته باشد.
*با توجه به ضعف در ضربات سر که در دیدار دوستانه با تیم ملی چین با آن مواجه شده بودند، در تمرین امروز به مدت ١٥ دقیقه سانتر به روی دروازه و دفع توپ از سوی مدافعان کار شد. فرار از پرسینگ یکی دیگر از برنامه های تمرینی امروز ملی پوشان بود. آنالیزها نشان داده که عربستانی ها مهارت زیادی در پرسینگ دارند، به همین دلیل امروز کرانچار و دستیارانش به شدت از بازیکنان می خواستند با درایت از فضاهای تحت فشار خارج شوند.
*در بخش پایانی تمرین تمرین پنالتی و ضربات آزاد انجام شد و تمرین خیلی سریع با سرد کردن بدن ها تمام شد.不过，由此引发的身体不适也并非个例。记者提出到厨房看下饭菜分量，但被现场工作人员阻止。只要我没有前列腺癌的相关症状，我就不会去做检查。每次举报奖励最高金额一般不超过30万元，同时奖励个人信用分值10-30分。
不可避免一定要提到的——吉列德连续两年疯狂突进。一般情况下，人体消化吸收脂肪食物后，会对脂肪进行分解修饰再利用，存在这种基因类型的爱斯基摩人可能对食物脂肪酸的修饰少，直接利用的比例高。中国政府此前制定了2012年消灭脊灰、2010年消灭麻疹的计划，价格低廉的政府采购苗由此普遍提价，传统疫苗产业发展迎来机会。FTC声明指，LumosLabs利用消费者对脑部认知功能衰退的恐
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or for any lesson or series of lessons on a religious subject shall be conveniently arranged for
the purpose of allowing the withdrawal of a day scholar therefrom in accordance with the said section fifteen.
(4.) Where any power of appeal to the Queen in Council, or power to present a petition praying that a scheme may be laid before Parliament, is given by the Endowed Schools Acts to any persons or body of persons in relation to any endowment, a like power may be exercised by a county council required by the scheme to contribute a sum out of the county rate, or by a joint education committee in relation to any matter which has been introduced into the scheme against the wishes of the county council or committee, as the case may be, as expressed in objections sent in writing to the Charity Commissioners before the scheme was submitted by those Commissioners for the approval of the Education Department.
Establishment of joint education committee.
5. For the purposes of this Act there shall be appointed in every county in Wales and in the county of Monmouth a joint education committee of the county council of such county consisting of three persons nominated by the county council, and two persons, being persons well acquainted with the conditions of Wales and the wants of the people, preference being given to residents within the county for which such joint committee is to be appointed, nominated by the Lord President of Her Majesty's Privy Council. Any vacancy in the joint education committee among the persons appointed by the county council may be filled up by the county council, and any vacancy among the persons nominated by the Lord President may be filled up by the Lord President.
Transaction of business by and proceedings of joint education committee.
6.-(1.) Sub-sections one and two of section eighty-two of the Local Government Act, 1888, respecting the proceedings of committees of county councils, shall apply to proceedings of the joint education committee of a county council under this Act, but the acts and proceedings of the committee shall not be required to be submitted to the county council for their approval.
(2.) The county council shall make proper provision for enabling the committee to transact its business, and the clerk of the county council shall act as the clerk of the joint education committee. Any act of the committee may be signified under the hands of any three members thereof or under the hand of the clerk.
(3.) Any of the assistant commissioners of the Charity Commissioners shall be at liberty to attend any meeting of a joint education committee, and to take part in the proceedings, but shall not have a right to vote.
Contributions from county rate.
7.-(1.) Where a county council has recommended that any scholarship should be paid out of the county rate a scheme under this Act may contain provisions to that effect.
(2.) Where a county council has recommended that any annual contribution should be made out of the county rate a scheme under this Act may direct the contribution so recommended or any less contribution to be made accordingly, and shall specify the persons
to whom the contribution so directed to be made is from time to time to be paid.
(3.) The recommendation of a county council in respect of a contribution out of the county rate, and a scheme giving effect to such recommendation, may provide that such contribution shall be either a fixed annual sum, or an annual sum not exceeding a certain amount, such amount to be determined annually in manner specified in the scheme.
(4.) The annual contribution to be paid to any school out of the county rate in pursuance of any scheme shall not exceed the amount stated in such scheme, but may be reduced by an amending scheme made on the application of the county councillor of the governing body of such school.
Expenses of county council.
8.-(1.) Where a scheme under this Act providing for a contribution out of a county rate comes into operation, the amount from time to time payable out of the county rate in pursuance of such scheme shall be paid by the county council out of the county fund.
(2.) That amount and any expenses otherwise incurred by a county council in pursuance of this Act shall be paid as general expenses of the county council.
(3.) The addition made to the county rate in any county for the purpose of defraying contributions for intermediate and technical education under this Act shall not in any year exceed one half-penny in the pound, on the aggregate amount of the rateable value of the property in the county, as ascertained for the purpose of the levy of the county contributions.
(4.) Every increase of rate levied under this section shall, in all precepts for the levy thereof, be described as a separate item of rate, and when collected from the individual ratepayers shall be specified as a separate item of rate.
Contribution from Treasury.
9.-(1.) The Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury shall annually out of moneys provided by Parliament pay in aid of each school aided by the county and subject to a scheme made under this Act such sums as herein-after mentioned.
(2.) The sums to be so paid shall depend on the efficiency of the schools aided by the county, as ascertained by such annual inspection and report as may be required by the regulations from time to time made by the Treasury for the purposes of this section, and shall be of such amounts as may be fixed by those regulations, and shall be paid in manner provided by those regulations.
(3.) The aggregate amount of the sums paid by the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury in any year in respect of the schools in any county shall not exceed the amount payable in that year in pursuance of this Act out of the county rate.
(4.) The Treasury may from time to time make, and, when made, vary and revoke, regulations for the purposes of this section.
Power to Public Works Loan Commissioners to lend.
10. The purposes for which the governing body of a school may be authorised in pursuance of this Act to borrow money shall be
purposes for which the Public Works Loan Commissioners may lend to such governing body.
Duration of powers of joint education committee, and suspension of powers of Charity Commissioners.
11. The powers conferred by this Act on a joint education committee shall not, unless Parliament otherwise directs, be exercised by the committee after the expiration of three years from the date of the commencement of this Act, and, during the continuance of the powers of the committee under this Act, all powers which otherwise might have been exercised by the Charity Commissioners of making, establishing, or submitting (independently of any scheme submitted by the joint education committee) a scheme for the administration of any educational endowments within the county of such committee, shall, except with the consent of the Education Department, be suspended, and not be exercised by them in relation to such endowments. Nothing in this Act shall prevent any proceedings under the Endowed Schools Acts in relation to any scheme of which a draft has been prepared, published, and circulated before the commencement of this Act, in pursuance of sections thirty-two and thirty-three of the Endowed Schools Act, 1869, and such scheme may be proceeded with, submitted for approval, and come into operation as if this Act had not passed.
Description of endowments applicable to purpose of Act.
12.-(1.) An educational endowment within the county of a joint education committee means any educational endowment which is applied in the county or is appropriated for the benefit of the natives or inhabitants of the county, or of some of such natives or inhabitants, or their children, or where the benefits of such endowment are divisible between two counties or between the counties in Wales and the county of Monmouth, or any of them, and any place outside of Wales and the county of Monmouth, then means so much of the endowment as the Charity Commissioners may determine to be applicable for the benefit of the county of the joint education committee.
33 & 34 Vict. c. 75. 36 & 37 Vict. c. 87.
(2.) Any school or endowment of a school to which section seventy-five of the Elementary Education Act, 1870, applies, and any endowed school to which section three of the Endowed Schools Act, 1873, applies, shall, if the school is in the county of a joint education committee under this Act, be for the purposes of the Endowed Schools Acts and this Act an educational endowment and endowed school within the county of such committee.
Construction of Act in relation to endowments applicable to purposes thereof.
13. For tho purposes of any scheme under this Act every notice relating to the scheme shall be sent to the joint education committee concerned therein in like manner as if they were a governing body, and such committee shall, during the duration of their powers under this Act, have the same power of applying to the Charity Commissioners with respect to any educational endowment within their county as if they were the governing body of that endowment. Nothing in this Act shall authorise the making of any scheme interfering with-
(1.) Any endowment given either by present gift made subsequently to the passing of the Endowed Schools Act, 1869, or by the will of a testator who died subsequently to the
passing of the said Act, unless the founder or governing body of such endowment assents to the scheme.
In the case of an endowment or part of an endowment given either by present gift made subsequently to the passing of the Endowed Schools Act, 1869, or by the will of a testator who died subsequently to the passing of the said Act, sections twenty-five and twenty-six of the said Act shall for the purposes of a scheme under this Act, and subject to the provisions of this Act, apply in like manner as if the same and any older endowment or part of an endowment were respectively in the said sections substituted for an endowment or part of an endowment originally given to charitable uses less or more than fifty years before the commencement of the said Act.
Exemption of schemes from certain provisions of Endowed Schools Acts.
14. Nothing in the Endowed Schools Acts which is inconsistent with any of the provisions of this Act shall apply in the case of any scheme under this Act, but subject to this enactment the powers conferred by this Act shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the powers under the said Act.
Report by Charity Commissioners.
15. The Charity Commissioners shall in every year cause to be laid before both Houses of Parliament a report of the proceedings under this Act during the preceding year.
Application of Act to counties and county boroughs. 51 & 52 Vict. c. 41.
16.-(1.) In this Act the expression "county" means an administrative county as defined in the Local Government Act, 1888, and includes a county borough within the meaning of that Act; and the expression "county council" includes the council of a county borough.
(2.) Any sums payable by the council of a county borough in pursuance of this Act shall be paid out of the borough fund or borough rate.
17. In this Act unless there is something in the context inconsistent therewith -
The expression "intermediate education" means a course of education which does not consist chiefly of elementary instruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic, but which includes instruction in Latin, Greek, the Welsh and English language and literature, modern languages, mathematics, natural and applied science, or in some of such studies, and generally in the higher branches of knowledge, but nothing in this Act shall prevent the establishment of scholarships in higher or other elementary schools;
The expression "technical education" includes instruction in -
(i.) Any of the branches of science and art with respect to which grants are for the time being made by the Department of Science and Art;
but it shall not include teaching the practice of any trade, or industry, or employment.
32 & 33 Vict. c. 56. 36 & 37 Vict. c. 87. 37 & 38 Vict. c. 87.
The expression "Endowed Schools Acts" means the Endowed Schools Acts, 1869, 1873, and 1874;
The expression "Education Department" means the Lords of the Committee of Her Majesty's Privy Council on Education;
The expression "Charity Commissioners" means the Charity Commissioners for England and Wales;
The expression "scholarship" includes exhibition or other educational emolument;
The expression "parent" includes guardian and every person who is liable to maintain or has the actual custody of a child;
The expression "scheme under this Act" means a scheme under the Endowed Schools Act as amended by this Act.Preparing kids with food allergies for school
I remember back in elementary school, my lunch trays were stacked with garlic bread because I would trade anyone for those buttery pieces of goodness. For someone who has a child with food allergies, this could be terrifying to hear. With food allergies becoming more and more prevalent, this is something that is becoming a common concern.
Food allergies are scary, but there are things you can do at home and at school to make sure your children are prepared.
What you can do at home
It’s very important and helpful to increase your child’s awareness and independence regarding their food allergies at an early age. Teach them how to speak up when someone offers them food and what to look for on a food label. This can make you feel less like a “helicopter parent,” and your child will feel safer and more confident in dealing with their food allergies. It's quite common for us to hear from parents how mature their child is among their peers and it's no surprise to us. Children with food allergies are faced with hard challenges early in life that other kids do not experience.
Another thing you can do is start to create a network of people who know about your child’s food allergies. This can be anyone from friends to teachers. Tell them about safe practices and increase their awareness about food allergies. This practice creates a safer environment for your child, and children with food allergies in the future. With food allergies becoming so commonplace, it's very important to make people in your life more aware of food allergies and how to prevent allergic reactions.
What you can do at school
Begin by creating a safe lunch for your child. Use a lunch container with different sections to separate food. If you’re making food for other members of the family that could trigger your child’s allergies, make sure you prepare that food in a separate area to eliminate cross contamination.
The classroom is where your child spends a lot of their day and you need to be confident it’s safe for them. Supply your child’s teacher with simple resources like a specific list of what your child needs to avoid and what a reaction could look like. It will help the teacher create an environment at school where your child is safe and not left out.
Food allergies aren’t fun, but they don’t have to ruin your child’s time at school. If your child has severe food allergies and you want a way of giving them a safer life, schedule a consult with us about OIT.Let's take a look at a few free videos celebrating women's history month.
In this 3-Minute Classroom Problem Solver video, education expert Monica Burns explains how to use Google for Education videos to celebrate amazing women. These biographical videos are perfect for introducing your students to notable figures in history, during women's history month, or anytime of the year!
For privacy reasons YouTube needs your permission to be loaded.
Watch as Monica runs through the highlights of this free video channel, and explains how to get the most out of it. With a source like Google Education, it's no surprise that these are all top-notch videos packed with great information.
Did you have a chance to explore these videos? What do you think? Leave a comment for me on this article below.
Interested in more resources for your students? Take a look at this on-demand online training session:
Historical Fiction Read Alouds: Bring American History to Life. Are you looking for read aloud books that bring American History to life for your elementary or middle school students? Join Monica Burns as she shares an annotated list of books she has used in her classroom to help her students learn about important events and people in American History. These texts are perfect for teachers looking for content area books to use for literacy instruction, or for teachers in a Social Studies classroom looking to excite their students with historical fiction picture books. Monica also explores lesson ideas and tips that help bring these texts to life for your students.
How to Bring Virtual Reality into Your Classroom
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About Our “Virtual Reality” Presenter Monica Burns is an Education Consultant, EdTech Blogger, and Apple Distinguished Educator. Monica works with teachers to make technology integration exciting and accessible at all grade levels. She has conducted well over 40 unique training sessions for SimpleK12, click here to take a look at more videos from Monica.
About the Author Kimber Thompson is a Lead Moderator for SimpleK12 webinars and a Contributing Editor for SimpleK12.com. She writes frequently about education topics, and is passionate about tools and techniques that inspire young learners. You may reach her with ideas and comments at [email protected].
Professional Development made simple
We offer flexible classes that address the needs of teachers and schools to support today’s classrooms and increase student success你的云原生应用如果想部署到Kubernetes的集群上，需要先将应用编译并打包到容器镜像里，才能被调度到集群中，因此从(源代码)source code –>（容器镜像）container image这条路径是应用上云（K8S）的必经之路。在实际生产中，有很多的方法，工具和产品都可以完成这个工作。从最基本的(Docker Build) Dockerfile，到一些和语言相关的工具（例如Google为Java语言提供的JIB），到厂家自己提供的工具（例如openshift的S2I，Uber的Maskisu,Google的Kaniko等等），以及一些CICD的工具（例如Jekins等），将这些工具集成到整个CICD的Pipeline里了。
我准备通过一系列文章来介绍VMWare最近推出来的Tanzu Build Service。在第一篇文章中，我主要是介绍Tanzu Build Service的基本概念，以及如何在vSphere with Tanzu上部署Tanzu Build Service的服务。在今后的文章中，我还会进一步介绍Tanzu Build Service的高级特性，以及如何编写和定制你自己的Tanzu Build Service组件。
1. 什么是Tanzu Build Service
早在2019年以前，VMWare在推出整个Tanzu架构概念的时候，构建（Build）服务就是非常重要的一个组件（如上图所示）。直到最近，Tanzu Build Service发布以后，这个缺失的模块才算是被补齐了，构建服务（Build），运行时服务（Run）和管理服务（Manage）是Tanzu架构最主要的三个模块。
Tanzu
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- İki bölümlü ise aletin iki bölümü birleştirilip, sprey ilaç çalkaladıktan sonra ara parça giriş boşluğuna yerleştirilir. - Nefes dışarı üflenir, aletin ağıza girecek diğer kısmı dudakların arasında sıkıca tutulur. - Bir elde alet yere paralel tutulurken, diğer elin işaret ve baş parmağı arasında ilaç kavranır. - Sprey püskürtülüp, yavaş ve derin bir nefes alınarak ilaç hazneden içe çekilir. - Alet ağzınızdan çıkartılıp, nefes en az 10 saniye kadar tutulur. Sonunda soluk yavaşça burundan dışarı verilir. - Bu şekilde tek solukta ilaç alınabileceği gibi, hazne içindeki ilacı iyice çekebilmek için ilacı tekrar sıkmadan içten 3-4 kez daha derin nefes alıp verilebilinir. - Bu süre sonunda nefes yavaşça burundan üflenerek verilir. İlacı 2.kez kullanmak gerekli görülüyorsa 1 dakika sonra aynı manevralar tekrarlanır. Acil durumlarda ara parça içine 8-10 puf rahatlatıcı ilaç sıkarak kullanıldığında, nebulizatör kullanımı ile aynı etki elde edilebilinir. Ancak burada dikkat edilmesi gereken; her puf için; kullanım sırasının başından başlanması ve her puf arasında bir dakika bekleme süresinin unutulmamasıdır. Ara parça kullanım sıklığına göre, 7 veya 15 günde bir yıkanmalıdır. Çukur bir kapta hazırlanan sabunlu su içerisine konularak yıkanmalı, bol su ile durulanmalıdır. Havada kurumaya bırakılmalı veya acil durumlarda saç kurutma makinesi ile kurutulmalıdır. Hiçbir zaman bez ile kurulanmamalıdır. Yıkama sonrası ilk kullanılacağı zaman veya eczaneden ilk alınıp kullanılacağında içine 4-5 puf sprey ilaç sıkılmalı (Daha ucuz olduğu için tercihen rahatlatıcılar seçilebilir) ve bırakılmalıdır. Toz inhalatörleri (Tİ) = Kuru toz cihazları Bu tür cihazları/ilaçları kullanmak, sprey (ÖDİ) tipi olanlara göre daha basittir. Kuru toz cihazları sadece nefes alırken çalışırlar, bu nedenle sprey kullanırken ortaya çıkan, nefes alma ile tüpe basma arasındaki zamanlama sorunu, bu cihazların kullanımı sırasında söz konusu değildir. Bu cihazların içinde ilaç kuru toz halindedir. Genellikle bu tozu hava yollarına taşıması için laktoz (şeker) ilave edilmiştir. Bu nedenle kullanım sonu ağızda bir tat hissedilebilir. Hasta hızlı ve derin bir nefes ile toz ilacı içerisine çeker. Kuru toz cihazların kullanımındaki diğer bir önemli noktada kullanım öncesi nefes verme işlemidir. Hasta yanlışlıkla ilaç kutusu içine nefesini verirse içindeki kuru toz halindeki ilaç nemlenir ve cihazın çalışması aksar. Bu nedenle cihaz kullanılmadığı zamanlarda daima kapalı tutulmalı, kullanırken asla cihazın içine nefes verilmemelidir. Halen ülkemizde bulunan toz cihazlar ve kullanımları: Diskus 60 dozluk ambalajlarda bulunur. Üzerindeki doz göstergesi içerisinde kaç doz ilaç kaldığını gösterir. Son beş dozun rakamları uyarıcı özellikte kırmızı renkte yazılmıştır. Diskus açıldıktan sonra, hareket kolu itilince ağızlık içinde küçük bir delik açılır ve bir dozluk ilaç inhale edilmek için hazır hale gelir. Diskus kapatılınca hareket kolu otomatikman ilk pozisyonuna geri döner v ebir sonraki kullanım için hazır hale gelir. Dış kapak kullanılmadığı zaman cihazı korumak içindir. Diskus kullanımında şu sıra izlenir: - Diskus'u açmak için bir el ile dış kapağı tutarken diğer elin başparmağı ile 'paşparmak' yeri sonuna kadar itilir. - Diskus ağız kısmı kişiye dönük ve yere paralel olarak tutulur. Hareket kolu bir 'klik' sesi duyulana kadar uzağa doğru itilir. Diskus bir dozluk kullanıma hazırdır. Yani hareket kolu her geriye itilişinde inhalasyon için bir doz ilaç kullanımına hazır hale gelir. - Akciğerler boşalıncaya kadar nefes dışarı üflenir (Asla Diskusun içine değil). - Ağızlık dudakların arasına alınarak Diskus'un içinden hızlı ve derin bir nefes alınır. - Diskus ağızdan uzaklaştırılır. - 10 saniye nefes tutulur ve sonra yavaşça burundan verilir. - Başparmak, Diskustaki yerine konulup, geriye doğru sonuna kadar çekilir ve tekrar bir 'klik' sesi duyulur. Artık Diskus kapalı demektir. - İkinci kullanım için Diskus tekrar hazırlanır (ikinci kez kullanılması önerildi ise). Bir dakika beklenir ve ikinci defa aynı basamaklar tekrar edilir. (Dikkat!!! Örneğin doktor 'ilacınızı sabah 2 puf alınız' dedi ise bu Diskustan üst üste 2 kez nefes almak demek değildir. Bütün manevralar 1 dakika ara ile baştan sona 2 kez yapılmalıdır. - Diskus kullanılmadığı zamanlarda daima kapalı tutulmalı, kullanılırken içine asla nefes verilmemelidir. Diskus'u temizlemek için; ağız kısmını haftada bir defa kuru bir bezle silinir. Diskhaler Her bir disk 8 doz ilaç içerir. Hasta ilacı ve tadını hisseder. Diskhaler kullanırken şu sıra izlenmelidir. - Koruyucu kapağı çıkartılır. - İçerdeki tabla tırtıklı kenarlara basıp, sıkıştırarak çıkartılır. - Doz numaraları üste gelecek şekilde plastik disk üzerine ilaç (Blister) diski yerleştirilir. - Tabla tekrar ana gövdeye yerleştirip, ileri-geri oynatarak işaret deliğinde 8 rakamı görülür. - Üst kapak kaldırılarak ucundaki iğne ile ambalaj delinir. - Kapak kapatılır. - Akciğerler boşalıncaya kadar nefes tamamen dışarı verilir (Asla cihazın içine değil). - Diskhaler yatay olarak tutulur. Ağız parçası ağzın ve dişlerin arasına yerleştirilir. Ağz parçasının yan tarafındaki hava delikleri kapatılmamalıdır. - Ağzınızdan mümkün olduğunca hızlı ve derin nefes alınır. - Cihaz ağızdan uzaklaştırılır. - 10 saniye nefes tutulur. - Bu süre sonunda nefes yavaşça burundan üflenerek verilir. İlacı II. Kez kullanmak gerekli görülüyorsa Tablayı içeri, dışarı oynatarak, diskte bir sonraki numara (8'den 1'e doğru) ayarlanır. 1 dakika sonra aynı manevralar tekrarlanır (Dikkat!!! Örneğin doktor 'ilacı sabah 2 puf alın' dedi ise bu cihazdan üst üste 2 kez nefes almak demek değildir. Bütün manevralar 1 dakika ara ile baştan sona 2 kez yapılmalıdır). Turbuhaler 100 ve 200 dozluk türleri vardır. Burada toz parçacıkları çok küçük olduğundan ilaç ve tadı hissedilmez. Turbuhaler kullanırken şu sıra izlenmelidir. - Üzerindeki kapak döndürülerek çıkarılır ve ağız kısmı yukarı gecek şekilde tutulur. - Alttaki kısmı kendi ekseni etrafında ileri ve geri döndürülerek 'klik' sesi duyulmalıdır. - Akciğerler boşalıncaya nefes dışarı verilir (Asla cihazın içine değil). - Aletin ağız kısmını dudakların arasına yerleştirilir hızlı ve derin bir nefes alınır. - Cihaz ağızdan uzaklaştırılır. -10 saniye nefes tutulur ve sonra burundan dışarı verilir. - İkinci kullanım için alet tekrar hazırlanır (iki defa kullanılması söylenildi ise). 60 saniye beklenir. İkinci defa aynı basamaklar tekrar edilir. (Dikkat!!! Örneğin doktor 'ilacı sabah 2 puf alınız' dedi ise bu cihazdan üst üste 2 kez nefes almak demek değildir. Bütün manevralar 1 dakika ara ile baştan sona 2 kez yapılmalıdır). Turbuhalerde ilacı bittiğini gösteren özel bir doz göstergesi bulunmaktadır. Ağız parçasının altındaki küçük doz gösterge penceresinin üst bölümünde kırmızı renk görülmeye başladığında yaklaşık 20 doz kalmış demektir. Kırmızı renk, doz penceresinin altına ulaştığında turbuhalerdeki ilacın bittiğini gösterir. Cihazı temizlemek için; ağız parçasını haftada bir defa kuru bir bezle silinir. Aerolizer Blister ambalaj veya şişedeki kapsül şeklindeki ilaçların kullanıldığı tek dozluk kuru toz inhalatörüdür. Benzer cihaz inhalatör adı ile de kullanılmaktadır. Tek dozluk olduğu için her kullanımda içine ilaç yerleştirilmesi gerekir. Aerolizer kullanımında şu sıra izlenir: Kapak çekip çıkarılır. İnhalerin tabanını sıkıca tutup, ağızlığı ok yönünde döndürerek açılır. - Kapsül, kapsül şeklindeki boşluğa yerleştirilir. Kapsülü kullanmadan hemen önce ambalajından çıkartılır. - Ağızlık kapalı duruma döndürülür. - İnhaler dik tutulup SADECE BİR KEZ sıkıca yan düğmelere basılır. Sonra düğmeler bırakılır. - Akciğerler boşalıncaya kadar nefes dışarı üflenir (Asla cihazın içine değil). - ** Ağızlık dudaklar arasına alınarak aletin içinden hızlı ve derin bir nefes alınır. Kapsülün aletin odacığında dönmesinden, tozun dağılmasından kaynaklanan vızıldama sesi duyulmalıdır. Kapsül odacıkta sıkışma olabilir, bu durumda inhaleri açıp ve kapsül odacıkta sıkışmış olduğu yerden kurtarılır. Kapsülü kurtarmak için mavi düğmelere tekrar tekrar basılmamalıdır. - Vızıldama sesi duyulduğunda cihaz ağızdan uzaklaştırılır. - 10 saniye nefes tutulur ve sonra yavaşça burundan verilir. - İnhaler açılır ve kapsülde toz kalıp kalmadığı kontrol edilir. Eğer kalmış ise işaretli basamaktan (**) itibaren işlemler tekrarlanmalıdır. Bu cihazı kullanırken kapsülü delmek için mavi düğmelere sadece bir kez basılacağı unutulmamalıdır. Fazla basılırsa; kapsül bu aşamada parçalanabilir ve küçük jelatin parçacıkları ağıza veya boğaza gelebilir. Jelatin yutulmasında bir sakınca yoktur. Kapsülün parçalanma eğilimi, kapsülü bir defadan fazla delmeyerek, saklama şartlarına uyarak ve küpsülü ambalajından kullanmadan hemen önce çıkarmak suretiyle azaltılabilir. Cihazı temizlemek için; ağızlık ve kapsül yuvasını kuru bir bez ile silinmesi uygundur. Nebulizatörler Bu cihazlar verilen ilacı yüksek basınçla (Jet nebulizatörler) veya ultrasonik olarak (ultrasonik nebulizatörler) küçük parçacıklara ayrıştırarak solunum yolu ile (buhar halinde) hastaya veren elektrikli cihazlardır. İlaç ağızlık veya yüz maskesi ile uygulanır. Bu tedavi ile yüksek doz ilaç verilebildiği gibi astım krizinde tercih edilmektedir. Fakat devamlı yakınma gösteren, diğer ilaçlara etkin cevap alınamayan ve diğer tip ilaçları kullanamayan 4-5 yaş altı çocuklarda da kullanılabilir. Bir nebulizatörde: - Solüsyon konulduğu nebulizer haznesi - Ağızlık veya maskesi - Elektrik kaynağı veya oksijen kaynağı - Bağlantı kablosu bulunmaktadır. Nebulizatör, hasta rahat oturma pozisyonunda uygulanmalıdır. Nebulizatör kullanırken şu sıra izlenmelidir. Nebulizer içerisine ilaç konulur (en fazla 5 ml solüsyon konulmalıdır). - Ağızlık veya maske nebulizere takılır. - Bağlantı kablosu ile nebulizer elektrik pompasına bağlanır. - Hasta aletin karşısında rahat bir şekilde oturur. - Aletin düğmesi açıldıktan sonra hasta rahat bir şekilde nefes alıp verir. - Alet içindeki solüsyon bitinceye kadar 10 dakika içerisinde ilaç dinlenerek alınır. Nebulizatörlerin elektrikle çalışması dışında, bir diğer kötü yanı da, temizleme kurallarına dikkat edilmediğinde hastaya mikrop verebilmesidir. Bu nedenle; nebulizeri her kullanımdan sonra sabunlu su ile yıkanmalıdır ve iyice durulanmalıdır. Haftada 1-2 defa da yıkadıktan sonra az miktarda çamaşır suyu ile çalkalayarak bol su ile durulanmalıdır. Asla nebulizerin içine bez sürülmez.The interaction between unpaired electrons governs many physical properties of materials. Although in a fundamental sense the interaction is simple, a full understanding of the interaction in molecular systems is complicated by the presence of other bonding and non-bonding electrons. The resulting many body problem is very challenging. Nevertheless, much qualitative understanding can be obtained from applying simple molecular orbital theory and considering only the partly filled orbitals. The resulting model can be used to describe existing diradical and metal-radical systems and also has predicative value in the search for molecular magnets and design of nanoscale devices.
David J R Brook. "Radicals, Metals and Magnetism" Science Progress (1998): 369-388.“Sexual relations between shepherds and the members of their flocks have existed for millennia, leading to the development of a certain type of love between them. The female llama, a ruminant related to the camel, is said by the local people in the Andean high plateau to weep with tears of jealousy when the herdsman replaces her with another female llama. The abandoned llama circles around the new couple, shedding tears of jealousy and sadness. I have had the opportunity to ask several shepherds about this. They told me that a replaced llama may gaze sadly at the new couple, but they had never seen one weep.“
An extract from : Tear Apparatus of Animals: Do They Weep? (in: The Ocular Surface, Volume 7, Issue 3, July 2009, Pages 121-127) by Juan Murube del Castillo MD PhD, professor emeritus of ophthalmology, at the University of Acalà, Madrid, Spain."Buongustaio" è il capitolo 32 del manga di Tokyo Ghoul
Personaggi[]
- Ken Kaneki
- Touka Kirishima
- Shuu Tsukiyama
- Misono Karube
- Renji Yomo
- Kaya Irimi
- Yoshimura (menzionato)
- Nishiki Nishio (menzionato)
- Rize Kamishiro(menzionata)
Sommario[]
Un uomo irrompe nella casa di una giovane donna, che può sembrare che abbia conosciuto da molto tempo.
Kaneki e Touka sono visti mentre si allenano, dove Touka gli ricorda che ha bisogno di più muscoli, e che gli investigatori saranno ancora più pericolosi da ora in avanti. Touka consiglia inoltre a Kaneki di iniziare a usare Kagune di Rize Kamishiro, al quale ha detto che preferirebbe fare a meno, dal momento che non riesce nemmeno a controllarlo. Yomo si avvicina a loro e si complimenta con Kaneki poichè ha schivato tanti colpi, ma critica ogni altro aspetto delle sue capacità di combattimento. Yomo decide di addestrare Kaneki, ma si rende conto che i colpi sono troppo leggeri, così decide di far entrare anche Touka. Sia Touka che Kaneki non sono all'altezza di Yomo.
La giovane donna di prima si vede camminare per le strade, e entrambi i suoi occhi sono stati scavati.
Alla notizia, si è reso noto che "il Gourmet" è stato attivo dalla morte di Rize. Lo stesso uomo di prima entra nell' Anteiku, notando l'atmosfera all'interno
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, se identificate precocemente, possono essere in molti casi controllate. Ad es. le biopsie seriate hanno lo scopo di identificare (e nel caso trattare) il rigetto acuto prima che abbia determinato disturbi o una significativa disfunzione del cuore, condizioni meno facilmente correggibili con ritorno allo stato quo ante. Un secondo trapianto di cuore può essere a volte l'unica soluzione al fallimento precoce o tardivo del trapianto, ma è evidente che non è una soluzione facilmente praticabile.
I numeri del trapianto di cuore, in Italia (AGGIORNATO da report CNT)
- I trapiantati di cuore nel 2018 sono stati 233, su oltre 700 pazienti in lista d'attesa all'inizio dello stesso anno.
- I tempi medi di attesa, prima di ricevere un cuore nuovo, sono stati pari a 1,1 anni; invece il tempo di attesa dei malati tuttora in lista era, nel 2018, di oltre 3 anni.
- Il tasso di sopravvivenza a un anno dall'intervento, nella casistica operata tra il 2000 e il 2015, è dell'81%.
- Numero di centri autorizzati e attivi nel 2018: 15.多介质过滤器
多介质过滤器原理：
多介质过滤器(又称机械过滤器)是以成层状的无烟煤、砂、细碎的石榴石或其他材料为床层，一个典型的多介质过滤器。
床层的顶层由最轻和最粗品级的材料组成，而最重和最细品级的材料放在床的低部。其原理为按深度过滤--水中较大的颗粒在顶层被去除，较小的颗粒在过滤器介质的较深处被去除。从而使水质达到粗过滤后的标准。
设备是压力式的，其原理是当原水自上而下通过滤料时，水中悬浮物由于吸附和机械阻流作用被滤层表面截留下来；当水流进滤层中间时，由于滤料层中的砂粒排列的更紧密，使水中微粒有更多的机会与砂粒碰撞，于是水中凝絮物、悬浮物和砂粒表面相互粘附，水中杂质截留在滤料层中，从而得到澄清的水质。经过滤后的出水悬浮物可在5毫克/升以下。
多介质过滤器特点：
1、多孔介质过滤器广泛用于水处理的工艺中，可以单独使用，但多数是做为水质深度处理(交换树脂、电渗析、反渗透)的预过滤。
2、多介质过滤器是常用的水质深度净化的预处理装置，可根据工艺要求填加不同的滤料。
3、多介质过滤器材质可采用玻璃钢、A3钢防腐或衬胶、全不锈钢。操作方式有全自动和手动两种形式，自动控制是采用美国进口的自动控制器及气、液动阀控制，操作简便易于维护保养，在各行各业水处理工艺的前处理装置得到广泛的应用。
4、多介质过滤器(含双滤料过滤器)的过滤材料应有足够的化学稳定性，各介质的相对密度和粒径应有一定差别，由无烟煤与石英砂组成的双层滤料过滤器所用的无烟煤相对密度为1.4—1.6，粒径为0.8—1.8mm，石英砂相对密度为2.6—2.65，粒径为0.5—1.2mm;3层滤料过滤器除了以上两种滤料外还可以用锰砂、磁铁矿之类的重质矿石，其相对密度为4.7—5.0，粒径为0.5—4mm。
过滤器内置滤料选择：
(1)必须有足够的机械强度，以免在反冲洗过程中很快地磨损和破碎；
(2)化学稳定性要好；
(3)不含有对人体健康有害及有毒物质，不含有对生产有害、影响生产的物质；
(4)滤料的选择，应尽量采用吸附能力、截污能力大、产水量高、出水水质好的滤料。
在滤料中，卵石主要是起支撑作用，在过滤工艺过程中，因其强度高，相互之间的间距缝隙稳定，孔隙大，便于正洗工序中，滤后水顺利通过；同样，反洗工序中，反洗水和反洗空气等能顺利通过。
常规配置中，卵石分为四种规格，铺垫方式为自下而上先大后小。
滤料的粒径和装填高度之间的关系
滤床的高度和滤料的平均粒径的比值为800～1 000(设计规范)。
滤料的粒径的大小和过滤精度相关。
过滤器滤器结构与控制方式：
过滤器构成分为过滤系统和控制系统。过滤系统通常由高效过滤单元，三通自动阀门，进出水管道，排污管道构成。其中高效过滤单元中包括各种过滤介质。控制系统通常由PLC定时控制器，压差控制器，电磁三通阀及控制管路构成
多介质过滤器反冲洗：
过滤器的反洗，主要是指过滤器在使用一定周期后，其滤料层截留和吸附一定量的杂物和污渍，这使得过滤器的出水水质下降，
主要表征
过滤器的正常滤后水质变差，进水和出水管道的压力差增大，同时，单台过滤器的流量降低。
原理
水流逆向通过滤料层，使滤层膨胀、悬浮，借助水流的剪切力和颗粒的碰撞摩擦力清洗滤料层使滤层内的污物脱离并随反洗水排出。
必要性
(1)在过滤过程中，原水中的悬浮物等被滤料层截留吸附并不断地在滤料层中积累，于是滤层孔隙逐渐被污物堵塞，在滤层表面形成滤饼，过滤水头损失不断增加。当达到某一限度时，滤料需进行清洗，使滤层恢复工作性能，继续工作。
(2)过滤时由于水头损失增加，水流对吸附在滤料表面的污物的剪切力变大，其中有些颗粒在水流的冲击下移到下层滤料中去，最终会使水中的悬浮物含量不断上升，水质变差，当杂质透过滤层时，过滤器失去过滤效果。因此，到一定程度时，需要清洗滤料，以便恢复滤料层的纳污能力。
(3)污水中的悬浮物中含有大量有机物，长期滞留在滤层中会导致滤层中细菌微生物富集繁殖，发生厌氧腐败现象，需定期清洗滤料。
参数分析：
参数控制
(1)膨胀高度：反冲洗时，为了保证滤料颗粒有足够的间隙使污物迅速随水排出滤层，滤层膨胀率应大一些。但膨胀率过大时，单位体积中滤料的颗粒数变少，颗粒碰撞的机会也减少，所以对清洗不利。双层滤料，膨胀率为40%----50% 。
注意：在生产运行中，对滤料的填充高度、膨胀高度等随机进行检查，因为正常反洗过程中，会有部分滤料的跑失或磨损，需要进行补充。相对稳定的滤层，有以下优点：确保过滤水质的稳定，保证反冲洗的效果。
(2)反洗水量和压力：一般设计要求，反洗水的强度为40 m3/(m2·h)，反洗水的压力≤0．15 MPa。
(3)反洗空气量和压力：反洗空气的强度为15 m /(m ·h)，反洗空气的压力≤0．15 MPa。
注意：在反洗过程中，通入的反洗空气汇集于过滤器的顶部，大部分应通过双孔排气阀排出。日常生产中。需经常检查排气阀的通畅性，主要表征在阀球升降的自由度上。[7]
气水联合
(1)先用空气冲洗，再用水反冲洗：首先将滤池水位降至滤层表面上100 mm处，通入空气数分钟，然后用水反冲洗。适用于表面污染重而内部污染轻的滤池。
注意：相应的阀门，关闭必须到位；否则，水位降到滤层表面以下时，滤层的上部没有水的浸润，颗粒的上下扰动过程中，污物不能有效排出，反而会往滤层深处移动。
(2)空气和水联合反洗：从静止滤层下部同时送入空气和反洗水，空气在上升过程中在砂层内合形成大气泡，遇到滤料时又变成小气泡，同时对滤料表面产生擦洗作用；反洗水顶松滤层，使滤料呈悬浮状态，利于空气对滤料的擦洗。反洗水和反洗空气的膨胀作用相互叠加，比单一进行时，作用更强。
注意：水的反洗压力和空气的反洗压力和强度不同，应注意先后顺序，避免反洗水进入空气管道。
(3)在气水联合反洗结束后，停止进入空气，反洗水保持相同的流量，继续冲洗3 min ~5 min，即可去除遗留在滤床中的气泡。
原因分析：
(1)截留在滤层上表层的污物，如果在一定周期内，不能有效地去除，在随后的反洗过程中，如果反洗空气的分布不均匀会导致膨胀高度不均匀，随着反洗空气的搓动，搓动量小的地方，滤料表面的油污等杂质不能有效去除，在投入下一正常滤水周期后，局部负荷增大，杂质会从表面沉入内部，球团逐渐增大，并同时向过滤器的填充深度内延伸，直至整个过滤器失效。
备注：实际运行中，反洗空气不均匀的现象经常出现，主要是由于底部布气管道的穿孔、局部滤帽的堵塞或损坏或是栅管间距的变形等原因引起。
(2)滤层的表面滤料颗粒细小，反冲洗时相互碰撞机会少，动量小，所以不易清洗干净。附着的砂粒易结成小泥球。当反冲洗结束滤层重新级配时，泥球就进入下层滤料中，随着泥球的长大不断向深处移动。
(3)原水中所包含的油，截留在过滤器内，经反洗并残余部分，日积月累，是导致过滤器滤料板结的主要因素。
何时进行反洗可根据原水的水质特点和出水水质要求，采用限定水头损失、出水水质或过滤时间等标准来确定。
注意事项：
(1)要求出水槽与滤板的平行允差不大于2 mm。
(2)滤板的水平度及不平度均小于±1．5 mm。滤板的结构，采用整体加工最优。当筒体直径较大时，或受原材料、运输等方面制约时，也可采用两瓣拼接成形。
(3)对滤板和筒体各接合部位的合理处理，对空气反洗环节尤为重要。
①为消除因滤板加工和筒体卷制等方面误差造成的滤板和筒体的径向间隙，一般采用圆弧环板逐段焊接。接触部位必需采用满焊。
②中心管道和滤板的径向间隙处理方法同上。
备注：上述措施，确保了过滤和反洗只能通过滤帽或排管间隙连通。同时，也就保证了反洗和过滤通道的分布均匀性。
(4)滤板上加工的通孔，径向误差为±1．5 mm。滤帽导杆和滤板通孔之间配合尺寸的增大，不利于滤帽的安装或固定。通孔的加工必须采用机械设备。
(5)滤帽的材质，尼龙最佳，ABS次之。因上部添加的滤料，对滤帽的挤压负荷极大，要求强度要高，以避免变形。滤帽与滤板的接触面(上、下表面)需加弹性橡胶垫。
应用领域：
反渗透、电渗析、离子交换器、超滤等系统的预处理
发电、化工、造纸、饮料等的原水前期过滤处理
化工厂给水的脱色、去有机物
生活用水预处理
工业用水处理
游泳池用水处理
循环水旁滤系统
地表水、地下水降浊除色．
废水处理等。Rabies is a very serious and fatal illness in cats and dogs and other mammals. This viral disease affects the brain and spinal cord. There are vaccines that prevent this disease, and the cost of the vaccine is usually minimal, especially compared to the cost of medical care if your pet contracts rabies. If your pet has been exposed to rabies, there are some signs and symptoms that you should watch for. If you notice the following issues with your pet, contact a veterinarian and seek treatment immediately. While
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就不是儒家的困难了。
王阳明还在孟子“恻隐之心，人皆有之”的思想基础上，提出了“良知”的概念。见孺子入井，人必有恻隐之心。王阳明并不把这看作人性善的例子，而是把它看成是人的一种良知。在王阳明看来，不论人的善恶，良知总是有的，只是常常被私欲所障蔽。有一个故事说：王阳明的一个门人，夜间在房内捉到一贼，对此贼讲了一番良知的道理。贼听了大笑说：“请告诉我，我的良知在那里？”当时是暑天，他让贼脱衣，贼很爽快地脱了上衣。他对贼说：“天这么热，为什么不把裤子也脱掉？”贼犹豫了，说：“这，好像不大好吧。”他向贼大喝：“这就是你的良知！”（《冯友兰选集》上卷，北京大学出版社，2000年版，358页）
王阳明的“致良知”是一种知行合一的理论，他对“格物”的解释也不同于程朱。王阳明著名的四句教是：“无善无恶是心之体，有善有恶是意之动。知善知恶是良知，为善去恶是格物。”可见，他把“格物”不是看做认识事物的方法，而是当作“致良知”的道德实践过程。只有在日常生活中不断地实践自己的良知，才能在实践中不断去除私欲的障蔽，增进自己的良知。这种道德形而上学是在佛家和道家形上理论基础上，对儒家经世立场的最好的坚持。
而这种立场对于中国画理画道来说是非常重要的，我们从许多古代画论中都能看到这种立场。例如，东汉王延寿说：“图画天地，品类群生。……恶以诫世，善以示后。”魏曹植说：“观画者，见三皇五帝，莫不仰戴；见三季暴主，莫不悲惋；见篡臣贼嗣，莫不切齿；见高节妙士，莫不忘食；见忠节死难，莫不抗首；见放臣斥子，莫不叹息；见淫夫妒妇，莫不侧目；见令妃顺后，莫不嘉贵。是知存乎鉴戒者，图画也。”西晋陆 机说：“丹青之兴，比《雅颂》之述作，美大业之馨香。” 南齐谢赫说：“图绘者，莫不明劝戒，著升沉，千载寂寥，披图可鉴。”唐张彦远说：“夫画者，成教化，助人伦，穷神变，测幽微，与六籍同功。”宋《宣和画谱?叙》中说：“画之作也，善足以观时，恶足以戒其后，岂徒为是五色之章，以取玩于世也哉！”仅举几例就足以说明，绘事也是一种“致良知”之事，此亦是至关重要的画理画道。
作为中国绘画批评资源，宋明理学和心学对我们都有启发。有了朱熹所谓“必禀此理，然后有性；必禀此气，然后有形。”我们也就理解了，为什么“气韵生动”的原则要在“应物象形”之前。也可以使我们认识到“六法”之外，还应该有一个精神性的“理”或“道”的批评标准。正如朱熹所言：“道者文之根本，文者道之枝叶。”（《朱子语类》卷一百三十九）
至于心学立场，就更给我们艺术家一种信心：在物欲横流的社会中，本真的艺术是解蔽去障见良知的最好的生活方式，艺术生活就是培养人生境界的生活。所以，艺术批评应当从“心体与日用不二”的角度，深入艺术家的日常生活，深入艺术家的内心世界。只有这样，我们才能准确的判断艺术家的艺术与这个世界的关系。
四
当中国被西方列强的大炮轰开国门时，传统社会瓦解了，致使孔子的权威丧失。经历了太平天国的农民革命思潮、资产阶级的民主思潮，一批深受西学影响又急欲救亡图强的激进青年，发起了一场中国近代以来的反孔运动——“五四运动”。
20世纪二十年代，以胡适为代表的科学主义与张君劢为代表的现代新儒家展开了科学与人文的思想论战，提出了真正的中国问题。在这场争论中，科学主义者要以科学精神，打倒代表中国数千年传统的“孔家店”，认为只有这样才能实现中国的现代化。而现代新儒家则要维护中国传统的道德原则和信念，他们承认中国必须现代化，但反对以科学定律指导人文生活。
在西方人完成工业革命走向现代化之时，中国的传统思想文化还有没有存在价值？所谓儒家的真生命、真精神究竟何在？这是20世纪现代新儒家所关注的问题。
所谓“现代新儒家”，就是一批抱持儒家立场而又具有现代经世意识的人文知识分子。他们力图通过吸纳西方形而上学，重建儒家的精神哲学，以此对抗西方的知性哲学和中国知识界全盘西化的思潮。他们做了大量的理论创新工作，其中成绩最著的是冯友兰、熊十力及其弟子。熊十力弟子众多，形成了一大学派——台港新儒家学派，冯友兰则虽有弟子而未立学派。但他们在建设新儒学的形而上学方面都作出了重要贡献。
熊十力以王阳明心学的致思方法建立了一个道德形而上学体系，这个体系自然要以王阳明的“良知”为本体，同时这个本体也必须是王阳明的“体用不二”之体。熊十力说：“须知，体用可分，而不可分。可分者，体无差别，用乃万殊。于万殊中，而指出其无差别之体，故洪建皇极，而万化皆由真宰，万理皆有统宗。本无差别之体，而显现为万殊之用。虚而不屈者，仁之藏也。动而愈出者，仁之显也。是故繁然妙有，而毕竟不可得者，假说名用。寂然至无，无为而无不为者，则是用之本体。用依体现，体待用存。所以，体用不得不分殊。然而，一言乎用，则是其本体全成为用，而不可于用外觅体。一言乎体，则是无穷妙用，法尔皆备，岂其顽空死物，而可忽然成用？如说空华成实，终无是理。王阳明先生有言：‘即体而言，用在体。即用而言，体在用。’这话确是见道语。非是自家体认到此，则亦无法了解阳明的话。”（熊十力：《新唯识论》，中华书局一九八五年版，384-385页）可见，熊十力深悟阳明心学之妙，成为心学在20世纪的新一代大师。
熊十力所发扬的王阳明之“体用不二”学说，其实也是一种禅境，被新儒家纳为己用。以这种思想理解中国画理，也就知道，画理画道并不是死的，它与绘画实践是一而二，二而一的关系。对于明理者或一个真画者，其画即是理，其理即是画，理与画不二。而我们的许多不明真理的理论家往往到画外找理，那个理就成为孤立的、与画无关的死理。同样，一些胸中无理的假画家亦常常歪曲画理画道，其所画的画也就成为远道非理的假画。
熊十力的高徒牟宗三接着其师的思路讲新儒学，但他与熊十力的知识背景不同，熊十力是出入于佛学而归本于儒学，牟宗三则是从西方逻辑学、知识论的视角重新审视宋明理学心学，以重建儒家的“道德的形上学”。 牟宗三曾自叙：“以前本儒道两家以与佛教相观摩。此后则将本儒释道三教以与西方宗教相观摩。”（牟宗三：《历史哲学》，台湾学生书局1984年第八版自序。）通过比较他认识到，西方文化以“智”为基础，形成了一种分解的精神，这种精神在近代以后的自然科学中发展到极致。中国文化以“仁”为基础，形成了一种综合的精神，这精神在中国古代儒释道三教中有典型的表现。因此，东西方文化具有互补性。在牟宗三看来：“顺基督教下来是神本，顺希腊传统下来，从客观方面说话，停于理智一层上，是物本。……而在这两个本的夹逼下，把人本闷住了。所以人文主义在西方始终抬不起来。”（牟宗三：《道德的理想主义》台湾学生书局1985年9月版159页）而中国哲学恰恰是在神本和物本之间的人本。这就说明了精神价值与认识价值是不同的，我们不能以为西方在认识领域比我们先进，在精神领域就一定比我们高明。恰恰相反，西方在艺术精神领域，始终还没有达到中国艺术精神的高度。
徐复观作为熊十力弟子，更有其独特性，他有专门论中国艺术精神的著作，这在中国哲学家中是少有的，表明了一个性情哲学家的关怀。徐复观是一个曾经戎马生涯的将军，后来师从新儒学大师熊十力，才开始中国思想史的研究，所以，他做学问不同于一般知识分子。一般知识分子只在书斋里作学术，很难做到对书本知识有所体验而心领神会。而徐复观则有着丰富而深切的人生体验，他读书时每每能把自己的人生体验融入对知识的理解之中，所以他的学问能够做得深入浅出，到处透出人生的智慧。
他在其《中国艺术精神》一书中，认定庄子精神是更为纯粹的艺术精神。庄子的“独与天地精神往来，而不敖倪于万物”和“不遣是非，以与世俗处”可谓徐复观所赞同的中国艺术精神。也就是说，艺术境界须是“独与天地精神往来”，艺术形式须是“不敖倪于万物”，艺术内容须是“不遣是非”，艺术生活须是“与世俗处”。据此来观，后现代主义因不能“独与天地精神往来”而无境界，抽象绘画因“敖倪于万物”而减少境界，现实主义因“遣是非”而降低境界，行为艺术因不能“与世俗处”而失去境界。
可见，徐复观的《中国艺术精神》是新儒家学者中偏向道家立场的一部著作，但还是对中国文化自信做出了贡献。这是当下中国艺术批评应吸取的基本品质。
现代新儒家的另一个代表人物是冯友兰。他用西方逻辑学的方法使中国哲学中那些似乎是含混不清的概念明确起来，在理论上的贡献在于他的“精神境界”说。他在《新原人》中把人的精神境界分为自然境界，功利境界、道德境界，天地境界四个层次，而以“天地境界”为最高境界。其实，冯友兰的“天地境界”就是把道家禅家的化境与儒家的同天境界并置于最高境界处。冯友兰的境界分层理论对于理解中国古代画论中的画品分层有重要的理论价值，他提出的境界标准也使艺术境界批评成为可操作的批评方式。
综上所述，近年来，尤其艺术市场的需要，把玩禅意的小品闲篇成为市场需要的宠儿，但这种把玩禅意的小品闲篇与真正的创作还是有所区别。在我们看来闲逸小品成为时尚虽不是什么坏事，但气象宏大之作，仍然应该成为艺术家追求的主要目标，这是一个处于上升时期的泱泱大国对今后艺术风格趋向的一种特殊期待。
总之，中国画在20世纪，尤其是解放以后发生了很大的变化。由于西方绘画的素描体系进入中国画教学，几十年来，中国高等美术院校培养出来一大批符合儒家思想传统的国画家。他们注重世俗生活，人物画多反映社会现实，而少有佛道形象。山水画重实不重虚，重华彩多皴不重淡墨少笔，多有范宽或王希孟的充实、宏阔气象。久而久之，儒家气象成为中国画画家的内在精神取向，高等院校师生的作品与古代院体绘画之儒家气象完全一致，只是因时代不同而有风格、题材、技法的差别而已。从黄宾虹、傅抱石、关山月、石鲁、李可染、张汀到于志学、李宝林、郭文涛、程大利、龙瑞、贾又福、张复兴、崔晓东、满维起、张志民、赵卫、熊红钢、李明等一批山水画家，都以大气成象，不借诗意，不求于象外，形神兼备，自我完善。正如宋代新儒家程颐说的：“和顺积于中，英华发于外。”可见，中国山水画之儒家气象代有传人，并依然有所发扬光大。作为被国人欣赏习惯所支撑的画理画道也依然立于不败之地，而且必将成为全球化语境中永远经典的中华文化话语。功能：中国最大的电动汽车制造商比亚迪有限公司今年下半年将在韩国推出一款电动大巴车比亚迪去年10月在韩国设立子公司后一直在寻求进入当地市场编译/何金娥号外号外...
使用说明：需要持续不断地宣传和解读
软件介绍：行动
这是赤裸裸的歧视联合国消除种族歧视委员会2014年8月29日向日本政府宣告其.
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忙充电
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主要功能：其中就包括人气很高的
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های مربوط به دوره دوم متوسطه (پایه های دهم، یازدهم و دوازدهم) توسط معاونت محترم آموزش متوسطه و با مشارکت حوزه های مرتبط تهیه و تدوین شده که پس از تصویب در شورای عالی آموزش وپروش اجرایی می شود.
عمادی خاطرنشان کرد: بنابراین برگزاری امتحانات نهایی در پایه های مذکور پس از تصویب در شورای عالی آموزش و پرورش مشخص خواهد شد
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The Tōhoku earthquake (9.1 magnitude) hit Japan on March 11, 2011 for a duration of 5 minutes, and was followed by a tsunami which claimed the life of close to 16.000 people.
The seismic events shown took place on that same day, between 01h41 and 23h59 (GMT). At 0.5X animation speed, 1 second of animation = 1 hour in real time.
The main earthquake happened at 05h46 (1:80 mark in the animation), and slowing down the animation speed to 0.1X or keeping manual control around this event should allow you to better understand the aftershocks propagation.
Created with python and blender ( and love :) )
NEXT: add focal mechanisms, better metadata, funkier colormaps and superimpose historical maps?
CC AttributionCreative Commons AttributionLearn moreGörünmeyen Adamın Maceraları (1992) izle
(1992)
Yönetmen:John Carpenter
Oyuncular:Chevy Chase, Daryl Hannah, Sam Neill
Kısa süreli bir uyku, yorgun analist Nick Halloway'i yeniden doğmuş gibi hissettirecektir. Ancak, uyandığında beklediği yerde değildir. Bir nükleer kazanın ardından Nick, görünmez bir adam olmuştur. Bu yeni özelliğini hızla avantaja çevirmeye başlar ve casusluk yaparken ajanlara karşı kolaylık sağlar. Aynı zamanda belgesel film yapımcısı olan çekici bir kızı da etkilemeyi başarır, bu daha önce hiç kimsenin başaramadığı bir şeydir. Ancak, Nick'in en çok istediği şey, moleküllerini geri alabilmektir.مدیر امور آبفاشهرینکا گفت: با مهندسی مجدد چاه شماره ۳ و تعویض پمپ، الکتروموتور و لوله آبرسان، ۱۵ لیتر در ثانیه به میزان تولید آب این شهر افزوده شد.
به گزارش روابط عمومی شرکت آبفاشهری مازندران، مهندس مسعود حسن پور با اعلام خبر بالا، افزود: میزان آبدهی چاه شماره ۳ نکا با مهندسی مجدد از ۱۵ لیتردر ثانیه به ۳۰ لیتر در ثانیه افزایش یافت.
وی، با بیان اینکه این چاه ،آب مصرفی ۱۵۰۰ خانوار شهر نکا را تامین می کند، ادامه داد: این طرح با صرف بیش از ۶۰۰ میلیون ریال اعتبار انجام شد.
مهندس حسن پور، تصریح کرد:در مجموع آب مورد نیاز ۱۶هزار مشترک تحت پوشش امور آبفاشهرینکا از طریق ۹ حلقه چاه با ظرفیت ۲۲۰ تا ۲۲۵ لیتر در ثانیه تامین می شود.
مدیر امور آبفاشهری نکا، خاطرنشان کرد: مهندسی و بهسازی مجدد چاه های شماره ۱ و ۵ نیز در دستور کار قرار دارد که تا پایان سال عملیاتی می شود.- HTTP isteği
- Yol parametreleri
- Sorgu parametreleri
- İstek metni
- Yanıt metni
- Yetkilendirme kapsamları
- Deneyin.
Bir Google Workspace dokümanını istenen MIME türüne aktarır ve dışa aktarılan bayt içeriğini döndürür. Dışa aktarılan içeriğin 10 MB ile sınırlı olduğunu unutmayın.
HTTP isteği
GET https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v2/files/{fileId}/export
URL, gRPC Kod Dönüştürme söz dizimini kullanır.
Yol parametreleri
|Parametreler
fileId
Dosyanın kimliği.
Sorgu parametreleri
|Parametreler
mimeType
Zorunlu. Bu dışa aktarma işlemi için istenen biçimin MIME türü.
İstek içeriği
İstek metni boş olmalıdır.
Yanıt gövdesi
Başarılı olursa bu yöntem, dosya içeriğini bayt olarak döndürür. Google Workspace dokümanlarının ve MIME türü dönüşüm biçimlerinin listesi için Google Workspace dokümanları ve ilgili dışa aktarma MIME türleri başlıklı makaleyi inceleyin.
Yetkilendirme kapsamları
Aşağıdaki OAuth kapsamlarından birini gerektirir:
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.file
https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive.readonly
Bazı kapsamlar kısıtlanmıştır ve uygulamanızın bunları kullanabilmesi için güvenlik değerlendirmesi yapılması gerekir. Daha fazla bilgi için Yetkilendirme kılavuzuna göz atın.The Royal Academy of Dance (founded 1936) is an internationally recognised examining board of the highest calibre.
Classical training retains its major importance in providing a gradual technical progression throughout its grades.
Character work is so important for the development of strength, rhythm and style. These two elements make up the structure of each class.
Although not a compulsory subject, we strongly recommend that students studying Modern & Jazz take Ballet lessons to enhance their posture and gain strength of technique, which is crucial in the higher grades.
MODERN THEATRE DANCE
The Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing (founded 1904) has compiled a syllabus that from a young age children will be taught posture, rhythm, limbering and co-ordination work thus encouraging strength and style through the various grades.
Modern Theatre Dance is a rhythmic dance style which originated in America before travelling to the rest of the world. It is often seen on the stages of musical productions and is known for its theatrical qualities. The style uses travelling steps, high kicks, leaps and turns which all need strength and flexibility. This is a highly energetic dance style.
Many pupils find this form of dance enhances their ballet training, giving them a wide range of techniques.
Modern Theatre Dance is also the basis of all future Jazz work, which the students may progress on to.
This has evolved as an American dance form, popularised throughout the world, with debate about its origins coming from African dance, Irish dance and/or clog dancing. The dancer uses their feet to strike the floor, beating out different rhythms, with dancers wearing tap shoes which have small metal plates on the toe and heel to give the distinctive sound. Tap dance is a theatrical art form often seen on stage in musicals.
Tap dancing has always held a fascination for children.
The I.S.T.D. has produced a well-structured syllabus of grades, which teach children the importance of rhythm and ease of ankle movement thus helping them to perform the intricate steps required at higher levels.
Free jazz classes include a warm-up and limber, which is followed by quick thinking combinations of steps.
The class also gives students the opportunity to contribute to the lesson by experimenting and developing their own choreographic skills.
Students may attend Jazz classes from the age of ten.
The Central School Of Dance & Drama aim to introduce children to dance, with an emphasis on the joy of movement, encouraging and fostering the love of dance to make it fun for children to learn.
We have specially structured classes from two years old. Gradually progressing as they grow. See the ‘Little Legs’ booklet
L.A.M.D.A Drama classes are also available for interested students.美国副总统彭斯（Mike Pence）表示，一个全国性的新冠病毒检测网站将在本周初准备就绪，帮助美国人确定是否需要进行病毒检测。彭斯说，最终患者可以在网站上预约检测时间和地点。另据《纽约时报》当地时间3月15日晚间消息，美国卫生与公共服务部助理部长布雷特·贾诺（Brett Giroir）在白宫与副总统彭斯举行的简报会上表示，从周一开始，将有2000个商业实验室开始使用可同时处理多个样本的高速机器进行冠状病毒检测。贾诺称，预计这些实验室每周将增加几万到几十万次的检测，到本周末将可提供190万次检测。
免责声明：如有关于作品内容 、版权或其它问题请于作品发布后的30日内与我们联系。Elvis Presley‘den sonra, the Beatles‘dan önceki yıllarda Cliff Richard İngiliz rock & roll dünyasının en büyük ismiydi ve Beatles‘dan sonraki yıllarda İngiliz müzik listelerinin ilk sıralarından hiç uzaklaşmadı.
Richard 1958’de, İngiltere’de halk müziğin rağbet görmeye başlamasından yalnızca birkaç yıl sonra, çıkış single’ı “Move It” ile Amerikan rock & roll tarzının kalça titrettiren başkaldırısına en yakın tarzdaki ilk İngiliz şarkıcı oldu.ABD DIŞİŞLERİ BAKANI İNGİLTERE'DEKİ SALDIRIYLA İLGİLİ RUSYA'YI HEDEF ALDI
ABD Dışişleri Bakanı Rex Tillerson, İngiltere'de zehirlenen eski Rus casusu ile ilgili olarak "İngiltere'nin yürüttüğü soruşturmaya ve Rusya'nın saldırının arkasında olduğu yönündeki düşüncesine güvenimiz tam." açıklamasını yaptı.
Afrika seyahatinde olan Bakan Tillerson, konuya ilişkin yazılı açıklamasını paylaştı.
"İngiltere'nin yürüttüğü soruşturmaya ve Rusya'nın saldırının arkasında olduğu yönündeki düşüncesine güvenimiz tam." ifadesini kullanan Tillerson, şunları kaydetti:
İngiltere Başbakanı Theresa May, eski Rus ajanı SergeySkripal ve kızı Yulia'nın maruz kaldığı kimyasalla ilgili, İngiliz Parlamentosunda milletvekillerini bilgilendirmiş ve "Skripal ile kızının, Rusya tarafından geliştirilen tipte askeri nitelikte, sinir sistemi üstünde etkili bir maddeyle zehirlendiği artık anlaşıldı." açıklamasını yapmıştı.
Söz konusu maddenin "Novichok" olarak bilinen kimyasal grubuna dahil olduğunu aktaran May, Salisbury yakınında yer alan Porton Down Laboratuvarı'ndaki incelemelerin ardından tespit edilen kimyasalın daha önce Rusya tarafından üretilmiş olduğu ve bu ülkenin aynı kimyasalı halen de yapabileceğinin bilindiğini söylemişti.
Rusya'nın Londra Büyükelçiliği ise Skripal olayıyla ilgili kendilerine yönelik "temelsiz suçlamaların" iki ülke ilişkilerini olumsuz etkilediğini iddia etmişti.但其他技术可能启用应用Alexa利用次第或访候Al
【CNMO音讯】亚马逊不断正在不停地提拔Alexa的职能，这家零售巨领袖前正正在印度引进对350个无线电台的流媒体接济。
【CNMO音讯】亚马逊不断正在不停地提拔Alexa的职能，这家零售巨领袖前正正在印度引进对350个无
对付亚马逊来说，提拔Alexa的无线电手艺无疑是朝着无误倾向迈出的一步。
据亚马逊称，音乐播放是Alexa上最受迎接的成效之一，用户可能通过运用Alexa和内置Alexa的开发从Prime Music、Gaana、Saavn和Hungarama Music等任事流媒体播放音乐。这套新手艺现正在将首肯用户正在接济Alexa的开发上收听播送电台。
内置TuneIn和myTuner后，用户可能收听来自印度和寰宇各地的数百个播送电台。这个中征求来自BBC播送2台的音乐和来自ESPN播送电台、BBC播送5台的邦际体育更新等。固然TuneIn是默认启用的，但其他手艺可能启用运用Alexa操纵步调或拜望Alexa店肆。
标签：亚马逊 播送电台 印度 alexa 用户 音乐 流媒体 巨头 德里 电台 孟买 无线电 操纵步调 店肆 班加罗尔 体育 邦际
Radio One身手可能让用户收听来自德里、孟买和班加罗尔的三个现场电台。Alexa，你能播放什么播送电台“是触发运用的语音指令，正在350众个播送电台的接济下，该播送列外中征求以14种印度措辞直播的17个印度播送电台。From wshu authored by Bill Buchner:
“A Long Island native will set sail across the Atlantic Ocean in October with an all-female crew of 11 to study the impact that plastic pollutants have on women’s health.
Erica Cirino is an environmental journalist and has done research on plastics at Roskilde University in Copenhagen, Denmark. She will join the second leg of an all-women sailing voyage across the world called eXXpedition.
She will climb aboard in Azores and sail to Antigua next month.
Erica, thank you for joining All Things Considered. Why is it an all-female crew?
So, typically in the field of science, women have been underrepresented in terms of getting jobs and also in terms of studying women’s health. The typical human subject that is studied in many scientific papers about toxicity and health is a 150-pound male. And so that kind of reference point doesn’t really work when trying to understand how toxins impact a woman’s body. So this trip is kind of bringing attention to that and also hopefully uncovering some new information that we can use.”
Read the full story by FOLLOWING THE LINK★★木桶的形状和用途各种各样，包括洗脸的面桶、洗澡的浴桶以及洗脚的脚桶，或者蒸米饭的蒸桶、接生孩子的腰桶、方便时用的尿桶等等。而在蓝田，一说起木桶，人们首先想到的便是挑水用的木质水桶。
★★作为盛水的容器，木桶在中国的使用已有几千年的历史。在金属冶炼技术还不成熟的当初，更不要谈塑料技术了；走过了笨重的石器时代，各类轻巧耐用的木质用品逐渐渗透到人们日常声中的方方面面。木桶便是其中之一。
★★比之如今的铁皮桶和塑料桶，木桶显得朴实而笨重，挑一担水，木桶的重量就占到整担水的三分之一，劳动质量不高而且很费体力。木质用品见水易腐，不易长久保存。尤其是木桶底部，因长期被水侵蚀，时间不长就腐烂坏掉；如不及时修理，一双木桶也就宣告报废。
★★木桶的造型因其用途各异而千奇百怪，而作为挑水用的木桶来说，造型基本上大致相仿。此类木桶由桶绊、桶身、桶底组成，周身木质，只是在桶身外部用一圈铁条或者铁丝箍住，防止木板开裂。桶绊有半圆形的，有不带弯度的直形的，中间有一个小豁口，方便水担挂钩钩住。桶绊与桶身的连接处形似桶的两只耳朵，姑且称之为桶耳，桶耳与桶身无缝连接，由两块长处桶身的木块于桶绊直接连接。桶身与桶底由多块木块拼接而成，形成严丝合缝的盛水容器。
★ 以前的蓝田人家，家家户户都有木桶，家中吃水全靠木桶从井内汲水。小时候自己第一次用木桶挑水的经历至今仍历历在目。第一次挑水仿佛挑着两座山，盛满水的两只大水桶重量起
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اوبر ایدۀ شبی برفی در پاریس Uber
داستان شرکت اوبر Uber
اوبر ایدۀ شبی برفی در پاریس | یک شب برفی در پاریس، تراویس کالانیک و گرت کمپ نتوانستند تاکسی بگیرند و به خانه برگردند. ایده Uber در اینجا شکل گرفت.
این اتفاق در سال ۲۰۰۸ افتاد. در سال ۲۰۰۹، اپلیکیشن UberCab پدید آمد که به وسیله آن مردم می توانستند یک دکمه را زده و تاکسی بگیرند.
پنجاه برند برتر سال دو هزار و هیجده را در سایت تداپ دنبال کنید.
در مورد ایده و تاسیس شرکت اوبر
در جولای ۲۰۱۰، اولین تاکسی سیاه شهری UberCab در سانفرانسیسکو شروع به کار کرد. در اکتبر سال ۲۰۱۰، این شرکت، واژه Cab را حذف کرد و خود را از صنعت تاکسیرانی جدا کرد. بدین ترتیب برند آشنای Uber متولد شد و این اپلیکیش در سال ۲۰۱۱ بالاخره به شهری با شب های روشن یعنی پاریس رسید؛ شهری که سه سال پیش، تراویس و گرت ایده Uber را از خیابان های برفی آن گرفته بودند.
از سال ۲۰۱۲ در هر تابستان، مشتریان Uber می توانستند در تاکسی های ۷ شهر امریکا، بستنی بخورند. در سال ۲۰۱۴، UberMilitary به وجود آمد و طی آن بیش از ۵۰.۰۰۰ پرسنل ارتش از طریق آن کسب درآمد کردند. در سال ۲۰۱۷، Uber در ۵۰۰ شهر دنیا مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است.
نکتۀ روز:
آیا میدانستید که فقط شرکت نایک محصولات دوی ماراتن را تولید میکرد؟ در یک دورۀ زمانی، افراد زیادی به تناسب اندام تمایل نشان دادند. در این شرایط بازاریابان نایک پی برده بودند که برای باقیماندن در عرصۀ رقابت، باید نوآوری داشته باشند (در آن زمان ریبوک، رقیب اصلی نایک، فروش بیشتری داشت). در اواخر دهۀ ۱۹۸۰ نایک با برگزیدن شعار «تنها انجامش بده» یک کمپین بازاریابی راهاندازی کرد و با این کار توانست ضربه بزرگی به رقبا وارد کند. در سال ۱۹۸۸، فروش شرکت نایک به ۸۰۰ میلیون دلار رسید و بعد از مدت کوتاهی از ۹.۲ میلیارد دلار بالاتر رفت؛ زیرا شعار انتخابی آنها جملۀ کوتاه و زیبایی بود که برای مردم قابلدرک است. نایک میگفت: نمیخوای چند متر بیشتر بدویی؟ فقط اونو انجام بده. نمیخوای چند تا پله بیشتر بالا بری؟ فقط انجامش بده. همۀ ما میتوانیم با انجام این شعار فراتر از تواناییهای خود پیش برویم.概览
优势和特点
- 极高温度运行：–40ºC 至 175ºC
- 低噪声电压：1.9nV/√Hz (100kHz)
- 低电源电流：每放大器 3mA (最大值)
- 增益带宽乘积：100MHz
- 低失真：在 1MHz 条件下为–80dB
- 低失调电压：500µV (最大值)
- 宽电源电压范围：2.5V 至 12.6V
- 轨至轨输入和输出摆幅
- 共模抑制比：90dB (典型值)
- 低噪声电流：1.1pA/√Hz
- 输出电流：30mA (最小值)
- 8 引脚 SO 封装
- 可提供裸片
产品详情
LT®6203X 是一款低噪声、轨至轨输入和输出、单位增益稳定的双路运放，其具有 1.9nV/√Hz 的噪声电压，每个放大器仅吸收 2.5mA 的电源电流。这些放大器把非常低噪声和电源电流与 100MHz 的增益带宽乘积、25V/µs 的转换速率结合在一起，并针对低电源电压信号调理系统进行了优化。
这些放大器能够在 2.2V 至 12.6V 的电源电压范围内保持其性能，并规格在 3V、5V 和 ±5V 电源。在 1MHz 条件下，谐波失真低于 –80dBc，使得这些放大器成为低功率数据采集系统的恰当之选。
这些器件可用作许多运放的插入式替代产品，以改进输入 / 输出范围和噪声性能。
LT6203X 是 Linear Technology® 提供符合高温环境要求且不断成长系列产品中的一员。如需了解完整的高温产品选项，请登录我们的网站 www.linear.com.cn 查询。
LT6203X 采用具标准双路运放引出脚配置的 8 引脚 SO 封装。另外，LT6203X 还可作为裸片提供。
应用
- 井下钻孔和仪表
- 重工业
- 航空电子
- 高温环境
- 低噪声、低功率信号处理
- 有源滤波器
- 轨至轨缓冲放大器
- 驱动 A/D 转换器
- DSL 接收机
- 电池供电型 / 电池备份设备
产品生命周期 推荐新设计使用
本产品已上市。数据手册包含所有最终性能规格和工作条件。ADI公司推荐新设计使用这些产品。
工具及仿真模型
LTspice
LTspice®是一款强大高效的免费仿真软件、原理图采集和波形观测器，为改善模拟电路的仿真提供增强功能和模型。
LTspice中提供以下器件型号：
设计资源
ADI始终把满足您可靠性水平的产品放在首要位置。我们通过在所有产品、工艺设计和制造过程中引入高质量和可靠性检查实践这一承诺。发运的产品实现“零缺陷”始终是我们的目标。
|Part Number||Material Declaration||Reliability Data||Pin/Package Drawing||CAD Symbols, Footprints & 3D Models|
|LT6203XS8#PBF||材料声明||质量和可靠性||8-Lead SOIC (Narrow 0.15 Inch)|
|LT6203XS8#TRPBF||材料声明||质量和可靠性||8-Lead SOIC (Narrow 0.15 Inch)|
|Wafer Fabrication Data||R378 Reliability Data|
PCN-PDN信息
Select a model from the dropdown below to subscribe to PCN/PDN notifications and view past notifications as well.
样片申请及购买
订购常见问题解答
有关在线订单、付款选项等问题的答案，请参阅我们的订购常见问题解答。
立即购买报价
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一项创新带来了另一项创新，不久该公司就赢得了业界的尊重，并分布到全球超过35个国家。如今，Pearl Technologies被公认为是塑料行业的领导者，拥有超过两项专利（包括3,000多种解决方案驱动产品的阵容），服务于世界各大洲的数千名客户。所有的设计，制造和运营都在我们位于纽约州萨凡纳的41,000平方英尺的总部进行。
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021-59555122Fact of the Day: Did you know... Sabah is home to the world's smallest known sub-species of elephants - Borneo Pygmy Elephants!
Marine Day to promote coral conservation
As much as 10% of the world's reefs have been degraded beyond recovery while another 30% are predicted to collapse within the next 10 to 20 years. The reefs at greatest risk include those in Southeast Asia. There, human impacts are causing reef degradation that will have serious environmental effects in the near future.
Coral reefs in many of our seas today are increasingly threatened by human activities, which include blast fishing and cyanide fishing. Another no less damaging threat is coral bleaching, which occurs due to changes in global sea water temperature. This phenomenon can destroy coral reefs and affect marine life living in and around corals.
Transplantation programmes, where corals are transplanted from a healthy area to destroyed reefs, may help to revive reefs destroyed by these threats.
This was the message brought home to the 500 participants who turned up for the recent two-day Mabul Marine Day 2001 organised by Sipadan Water Village Resort in cooperation with WWF Malaysia. Stormy weather did not prevent them from taking part in various activities aimed at raising awareness of the causes of coral reef destruction and encouraging action to help protect these reefs. Local school children, the headmaster and teachers of S.K. Mabul, representatives from the Sabah Education Department, Ministry of Education Malaysia and Semporna District Office, villagers of Kampung Mabul, Kampung Mabul JKKK, the Police General Force, Seaventure Sdn Bhd, Scubazoo Images, guests and divemasters of Sipadan Water Village resort as well as coral specialists from Japan came together for coral conservation at the fourth Mabul Marine Day since this event first started in 1998.
The coral transplanting programme involved guests of Sipadan Water Village Resort who are mostly divers. This 'adopt a coral' approach aims to raise awareness on the causes of reef destruction and to encourage action to help reduce coral destruction. Transplanted corals are then monitored, their growth rates recorded and the data sent to the adopter to encourage them to be involved in and care for their transplanted corals. The coral transplanting activity was preceded with talks by Mr. Yoshi Hirata, a consultant attached to the Sipadan Water Village Resort, and Dr. Masayoshi Hayashi, Deputy Director of Yokosuka City Museum and a renowned coral specialist who has been a regular speaker at the Mabul Marine Day since 1999.
Other activities included a beach cleaning involving more than 400 villagers of Kg. Mabul and coordinated by the village JKKK with assistance from the Police General Force. Seaventure Sdn Bhd, one of the tour operators on Mabul Island also participated. The District Officer of Semporna, Encik Suhaili Riman in commending Mabul Marine Day said that the event would be of mutual benefit to everyone and should be continued. Guided snorkeling, conducted by divemasters of Sipadan Water Village Resort Sdn Bhd exposed primary school students of S.K. Mabul to marine life and the underwater world. A colouring contest provided students of S.K. Mabul and children of resort guests the opportunity to demonstrate their artistic talent and understanding of marine life. Ken Pan, Director of Sipadan Water Village Sdn Bhd in acknowledging that the resort has benefited tremendously from the corals and sea said that it was time to do something meaningful and try to give something back to Mother Nature.
Educating Young Minds
For most of his life, Tan Fong Kew spent his time doing what he loved most - teaching. As an educationist, he has devoted his time to nurturing the inquisitive minds of school children in Malaysian schools. And after 28 years on the job, he thought that it was time for him to leave the world of education and move on.
But after sometime, his instincts told him that this just couldn't be end of his teaching career. And so, after much pondering, Uncle Tan, as we love to call him, decided to join WWFM as an education officer.
A veteran educationist, Uncle Tan had no qualms about extending his help in nurturing school children in the field of environmental education. And while he knows that teaching is never easy, and can be a slow and long term process, Uncle Tan is far from discouraged. In fact, he has undertaken several major projects, namely the Green Model Concept Schools and Youth and Environment, yet another environmental education project for youths to foster closer ties with the environment. Apart from this, he was also deeply involved in the promotion of the 'greening of schools', training teacher trainers themselves and conducting environmental education across the curriculum.
Perhaps Uncle Tan's most significant contribution would be his efforts to promote environmental consciousness among the Chinese through talks and activities in cooperation with the Federation of Chinese Associations in Malaysia. For Uncle Tan, an educator has to assume several roles when working with people. Thus, one truly needs to know one's target audience and how to deal with different people, in different situations, which Uncle Tan finds most challenging.
While some people may think that environmental education is merely for boring people, Uncle Tan seems to make people think otherwise. Over the years, he creatively gathered exciting environmental games and activities that provide visual and experiential knowledge to teachers and students alike. Uncle Tan feels that people need to have first-hand knowledge of nature and the threats that it faces, in order to inspire them to support an environmental cause.
So far, Uncle Tan has traveled to as far as China, Hong Kong, Nepal, Thailand and Sri Lanka to continue his mission as an educator. He was even invited to share his unique teaching techniques at the Asia-Pacific Education Programmes of WWF International.
In his years with WWF, he admits that one of his greatest achievements took place in February this year when the project he and his team worked on received a certificate of Meritorious Achievement "Spirit of the Land" Award which was presented at the Winter Olympics Environmental Awards ceremony. Known as Promoting Curriculum Reform in Malaysia, the project aims to integrate environmental education in Malaysia's education curriculum by working closely with the government and other stakeholders.
And how does this former educator maintain his vibrant youthfulness? "How, by being born again and being thankful," says Uncle Tan
Protecting our Turtle Heritage
The number of marine turtles in existence in the world today have been so drastically reduced over the last few decades that it has become a priority in animal conservation programmes. For some time now, governments and multinational corporations have collaborated their efforts to make people more aware of these gentle giants' plight, and to institute programmes that will improve the odds of more turtles surviving to adulthood.
Of the more than thirty species that have existed since the age of the dinosaurs, only seven have survived till today. Of these, only four species choose to nest on Malaysian beaches. Two of these species (i.e. the Leatherback and the Olive Ridley) are close to extinction. They need your help fast if we wish to leave these gentle giants as a legacy for our future generations.
A recent effort in marine turtle conservation is the setting up of the Ma' Daerah Turtle Sanctuary Centre, at a 1.7km-long secluded beach located between Paka and Kertih in Terengganu. This is part of an important green turtle nesting beach that stretches some 10km long. The Centre is funded by BP Petronas Acetyls Sdn Bhd, which sponsored the construction cost, while BP Amoco sponsored the Centre's public education and awareness programmes. Both stakeholders have manufacturing facilities based in Kertih.
Since the establishment of the Ma' Daerah Sanctuary Centre, about 350 green turtle nests, laid at the Ma' Da
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saat gözaltında tutulan Powell, serbest kaldıktan sonra Müslüman sivil toplum örgütü CAIR’e ulaşarak, polisler aleyhine 2016 yılında dava açtı.
Powell, polisin veritabanında karşılaştığı hırsızlık suçlamalarının birinin 2002 yılında yöneltildiğini ve bilgilendirilmediğini belirtirken, diğer 2 suçlamanın kız kardeşine ait olduğunu ve yanlışlıkla kendi adına yazıldığını belirtti.
Powell'ın avukatı Marwa Rifahie, müvekkilinin inancı gereği kullandığı başörtüsünü çıkarmanın hiçbir gerekçesi olamayacağını söylerken, direnmeye hakkı olduğunu savundu.
Açılan davada şehir polisinin sadece Powell'ın haklarını çiğnemediği, mahkum hak ve özgürlüklerini düzenleyen kanunları da yok saydığına dikkat çekildi.
ARTIK SADECE KADIN POLİSLER ÇIKARABİLECEK
Geçtiğimiz günlerde sonlanan davada haklı bulunan kadın, başörtüsü zorla çıkarıldığı için 85 bin dolar tazminat kazandı. Bu kararın ardından mahkum ve suçlular için prosedürünü güncelleyen Long Beach polisi, güvenlik için gerekli durumlarda sadece kadın memurların başörtüsü çıkarmasına karar verdi. NTV
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- METEOR YAĞMURLARI BAŞLIYOR芬兰语言学家将勒迪克语归类为里维-卡累利语(也称为奥洛林-卡累利语)和韦普斯语之间的过渡方言。俄罗斯语言学家将卢迪语归类为卡累利语的一种方言。最近有人提议认可它为一种独立的语言。ludic(l 'üd ' iki/l 'üd ' ikiel)
芬兰语言学家将勒迪克语归类为里维-卡累利语(也称为奥洛林-卡累利语)和韦普斯语之间的过渡方言。俄罗斯语言学家将卢迪语归类为卡累利语的一种方言。最近有人提议认可它为一种独立的语言。
卢迪语是俄罗斯卡累利阿共和国的一种芬尼语位于奥奈加湖(онежское)东北岸四周。
2012年约有3000名讲鲁迪语的人鲁迪语也被称为鲁迪语、鲁迪语卡累利语、柳迪语、柳迪语或吕迪语。
卢迪奇最初是用西里尔字母写的。
从20世纪30年月开始使用拉丁字母的一个版本卡累利阿共和国政府于2007年为卢迪奇引入了一个新的拉丁字母。2014年对此举行了修订。
已知最早的鲁迪奇手稿泛起在17世纪的一份拉丁手稿中。
在19世纪鲁迪奇收集了一些诗歌、故事和歌曲。第一本卢迪奇词典于1908年在圣彼得堡出书。
自2008年以来鲁迪奇已经出书了一份月刊。许多小说和其他书籍也在卢迪奇出书。
鲁甸协会(lüdil aine Siebr)于1998年在芬兰建立旨在支持鲁甸语摆设芬兰和卡累利阿鲁甸语地域之间的文化交流(lüdiland)并制作鲁甸出书物。
路德字母
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本文关键词：OD体育,卢迪语,芬兰,语言学家,将,勒,迪克语,归类,为
本文来源：OD体育-www.spdz.net.cnAytöre: 'Osman Kavala dosyası hakkında konuşanlar suç işliyor'
2 Aralık 2020
Odak programında 37 aydır tutuklu olan Osman Kavala'nın son durumu mercek altına alınıyor. Kavala'nın tutuklu kalmasını gerektiren hukuki gerekçeler var mı? Hukuk reformu söylemlerinin bu dava üzerindeki etkisi ne olur? Uluslararası çağrılara Türkiye yanıt verir mi? 'Siyasi rehine' açıklamaları ne anlama geliyor? Hakkındaki casusluk suçlamasının kanıtları neler? Osman Kavala'nın avukatı Tolga Aytöre değerlendiriyor.肠息肉是指肠黏膜表面突出的异常生长的组织，在没有确定病理性质前统称为息肉。其发生率随年龄增加而上升，男性多见。以结肠和直肠息肉为最多，小肠息肉较少。息肉主要分为是炎症性和腺瘤性两种。
英文名称： intestinalpolyp
英文别称： polypofintestine
就诊科室： 消化内科
多发群体： 男性
常见发病部位： 结肠和直肠
常见病因： 慢性炎症，病毒感染，年龄增大，胚胎异常，生活习惯，遗传
传染性： 无
专家解读：如果病人出现炎性息肉，使用抗炎治疗，治疗基础病即可。如果是错构瘤性质的息肉、或过大息肉，让病人出现梗阻、便血症状时，则需采用电凝切除。而的绒毛状、扁平状的大息肉，则需用内镜黏膜下剥除术才能切得比较干净。
专家解读：肿瘤性赘生物和是癌前期病变，与癌发生关系密切，当大肠息肉只在息肉表面癌变时，可用结肠镜电切和内镜下剥除术，将息肉完整切除，无需做外科手术。当息肉癌变在黏膜下层时，则需通过外科手术把癌变的这一段结肠切除。
专家解读：大肠息肉患者术后应多吃碱性食品，少吃酸性食品，小息肉在术后一到两天内，吃软面或清流类食物。但是大息肉术后当天需禁食，留院后的一到两天内，只能饮水或补液供养。出院一周内，不能吃粗纤维食物，避免刺激肠胃。
专家解读：活检钳钳除：主要用于单发或少数球状小息肉，简便易行，又可取活组织病理检查。结肠息肉电切术：适用于超过0.5厘米或1公分以上的息肉。黏膜下剥除术：要求手术技术较高，适用于结肠息肉非常大或扁平，普通电切术不能切除的息肉。
专家解读：儿童型息肉呈球形或卵圆形，大多直径不超过1cm，息肉的表面光滑，均有长蒂，为正常结肠粘膜，当蒂接近息肉时，粘膜上皮转为肉芽组织。儿童的大肠息肉治疗原则，和成人并无区别，只不过在治疗设备上，比成年人更精细，要求会更高。指导原则是完全一样的。
专家解读：切除大肠息肉的手术费用是一个综合费用，切除大肠息肉收费项目有病毒指标检查、泻药、结肠镜检查、息肉切除、息肉活检、医疗耗材等。2017年的标准，普通息肉钳除收费约几百元，电切约一千元，而内镜黏膜剥离则需要两千块钱左右。
专家解读：如果出现腹胀，大便次数改变、形状改变、出血、黏液较多、拉不尽的情况，应及时去医院检查是否有大肠息肉。
专家解读：大肠息肉是指所有向肠腔突出的赘生物的总称，大肠息肉临床症状常不明显，大肠息肉的症状有腹胀、大便次数改变、大便形状改变、便血及粘液增多、大便不净等。如果出现以上症状，则有可能患有体积较大的大肠息肉，需及时就医检查。
专家解读：大肠息肉分为炎性、增生性、肿瘤性等多种性质。其中炎性和错构瘤为良性息肉，一般不会癌变。而绒毛状或管状腺瘤，直径超过一厘米时，癌变风险就会增加，超过两厘米癌变的风险率会非常高。所以结肠息肉应尽早切除，避免癌变发生。
专家解读：普通的直肠息肉，它癌变的几率比较小，如腺瘤性的肿瘤性的息肉，发生癌变的几率会比较大。如常见的家族性息肉病或黑斑息肉病等，而且由于息肉不停的生长，当息肉的大小超过两公分以后，它的恶变的机会就非常大，这种病人应该定期的去复查结肠镜。عباس علوی راد در اظهار کرد وگو با خبرنگار ایسنا با اشاره به شرایط فعلی اقتصاد و تنگناهایی که دولت برای تخصیص بودجه با آن مواجه هست، اظهار کرد: اولویت کلیدی در تخصیص بودجه باید برای فعالیت های مولد که توان تولیدی بالایی در این شرایط دارند، باشد. وی، مهم ترین خصوصیت این اقدام را بازدهی […]
عباس علوی راد در اظهار کرد وگو با خبرنگار ایسنا با اشاره به شرایط فعلی اقتصاد و تنگناهایی که دولت برای تخصیص بودجه با آن مواجه هست، اظهار کرد: اولویت کلیدی در تخصیص بودجه باید برای فعالیت های مولد که توان تولیدی بالایی در این شرایط دارند، باشد.
وی، مهم ترین خصوصیت این اقدام را بازدهی یک ساله آن و احتیاج به تخصیص مراجع کم عنوان و افزود: فعالیت های خدماتی وابستگی کمتری به ارز دارند و در برابر نیز دارای توان اشتغال بسیاری می باشند.
قبل از این نیز عباس علوی راد، کارشناس اقتصادی گفته، بستن بودجه ۹۸ یکی از سخت ترین کارهای دولت بعد از جنگ تحمیلی هست.
وی به پرده برداری از لایحه بودجه سال ۹۸ و معرفی بعضی از ابعاد با اهمیت آن، اشاره و ابراز عقیده کرد، با مطرح شدن اعداد کلی، کسری شدید در بودجه سال آینده مشهود هست.
وی «حمایت از معیشت عمومی تندرستی و عدالت اجتماعی»، «حمایت از تولید و اشتغال»، «توجه مخصوص به علم، فرهنگ و محیط زیست»، «افزایش پایداری بودجه در برابر تحریم ها و شوک ها» و «افزایش انضباط و شفافیت بودجه ای» را از خصوصیات بودجه ۹۸ عنوان نمود و اضافه کرد: بر طبق اطلاع رسانی هایی که تاحالا انجام شده هست، بودجه سال ۹۸ حجم های بالایی برای مواجه شدن با کسری شدید دارد.
اغراض تعیین شده حوزه صنعت در بودجه سال آینده باید منطبق بر حقیقت های اقتصادی ایران باشد
این کارشناس اقتصادی با بیان این که اعداد با اهمیت لایحه بودجه ۹۸ بیانگر از آن هست که مصارف متفاوت رشد قابل ملاحظه ای داشته و با ضریب اطمینان بالا پژوهشگر می شوند، اظهار کرد: اغراض تعیین شده حوزه صنعت در بودجه سال آینده ابهام آمیز، پرریسک بوده در حالی که باید منطبق بر حقیقت های محیط اقتصادی ایران باشد.
وی با اشاره به این که هزینه های جاری کشور مثل «حقوق کارمندان»، «یارانه مستقیم و غیرمستقیم»، بخش عظیمی از پرداخت های هزینه ای بودجه ۹۸ را دربردارنده می شوند، افزود: این هزینه ها به لحاظ تحقق حتمی هست.
تحقق منابع درآمدی دولت با سختی فراوان مواجه است
علوی راد با ابراز این عقیده که بر طبق اطلاعات بدست آمده و پژوهش های انجام شده مراجع درآمدی دولت که دربردارنده درآمدهای مالیاتی و درآمدهای حاصل از صادرات نفت هست به لحاظ تحقق با کش و قوس های بسیاری مواجه می باشند، افت صادرات نفتی را یکی از علل عدم تحقق مراجع درآمدی دولت عنوان نمود و اظهار کرد: در قانون بودجه سال ۹۷ صادرات همه روزه نفت معادل ۲٫۴ ۴ میلیون بشکه بوده که در لایحه سال ۹۸ به یک تا ۱٫۵ ۵ میلیون بشکه کاهش پیدا می کند، این کاهش معنادار در صادرات نفتی توسط دولت نشان می دهد فضای تحقق این بخش از مراجع درآمدی در لایحه سال آینده بسیار ابهام آمیز و پر مخاطره هست.
وی با بیان این که بخش های اقتصادی ایران ضریب همبستگی بالایی با درآمدهای نفتی دارند، اظهار کرد: رکود اقتصادی و گسترش آن با کاهش درآمدهای نفتی محتمل هست و درآمدهای مالیاتی در این شرایط کاهش می یابد.
انتهای پیامSelam! Ödevlerinde herhangi bir problem var mı diye merak ediyorum. Burada size yardımcı olabilecek birçok kişi var :) Ayrıca benim son sorum 10 dakika içerisinde yanıtlandı :D Neyse, devam et ve kendin dene.
Selam! Ödevlerinde herhangi bir problem var mı diye merak ediyorum. Burada size yardımcı olabilecek birçok kişi var :) Ayrıca benim son sorum 10 dakika içerisinde yanıtlandı :D Neyse, devam et ve kendin dene.
Kurum "Türk Dili Tetkik Cemiyeti" adı ile 12 Temmuz 1932'de Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün talimatıyla, bir dernek olarak kurulmuştur. Kurumun kurucuları, hepsi de milletvekili ve dönemin tanınmış edebiyatçıları olan Samih Rıfat, Ruşen Eşref, Celâl Sahir ve Yakup Kadri'dir. Kurumun ilk başkanı Samih Rıfat Bey'dir. Türk Dili Tetkik Cemiyeti'nin gereği, "Türk dilinin öz güzelliğini ve varsıllığını ortaya çıkarmak, onu yeryüzü dilleri arasında değerine yaraşır yüksekliğe eriştirmek" olarak belirlenmiştir. Atatürk'ün sağlığında 1932, 1934 ve 1936 yıllarında yapılan üç kurultayda hem kurumun yönetim organları seçilmiş, hem dil siyaseti belirlenmiş, hem de bilimsel bildiriler sunulup tartışılmıştır. 26 Eylül-5 Ekim 1932 tarihleri arasında Dolmabahçe Sarayı'nda yapılan Birinci Türk Dili Kurultayı sonunda Kurumun "Lügat-Istılah, Gramer-Sentaks, Derleme, Lenguistik-Filoloji, Etimoloji, Yayın" adları ile altı kol hâlinde çalışmalarını sürdürmesi kabul edilmiştir.[1]
Atatürk'ün kendisi de Türk dili üzerindeki yerli ve yabancı araştırmaları inceleyerek, dönemindeki bilginleri Türk dili üzerinde araştırmalar yapmaya yönlendirmiştir. Nitekim Türk dilinin en eski anıtları olan Göktürk yazılı metinlerin ilk iki cildi onun sağlığında yayımlan
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23 | 4 | 3 |
�医院进行隔离治疗。
5月30日，北京市疾病预防控制中心对患者咽拭子标本进行检测，结果显示甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性。北京市专家组根据患者的临床表现、流行病学调查和实验室检测结果，按照卫生部制定的诊疗方案判定该病例为甲型H1N1流感确诊病例。
目前，患者体温正常，病情稳定。北京市卫生部门已将其大部分密切接触者送至指定地点进行医学观察，目前未发现不适症状。有关情况已通报卫生部和北京市人民政府。
30日夜，北京市卫生局介绍说，美籍教师鲍女士现就职于美国某大学社会学系，她和3名同伴乘坐UA851(座位号D18)航班自美国芝加哥起飞，26日下午到达首都机场T3航站楼。据鲍女士本人反映，28日晚餐后发现不适，自测体温37.2摄氏度，后接到东城区东外保健科医生的电话告知，一行4人接受了健康监测，并得到保健科医生的健康宣传指导。
29日，一行4人在酒店休息，未外出。鲍女士自行服药后未见好转，体温最高时为38.1摄氏度。东外保健科医生为其拨打120电话，将其送至北京军区总医院发热门诊就诊。北京军区总医院对其进行呼吸道病毒检查，会诊后为甲型H1N1流感待排查。
接到报告后，东城区疾控中心立即赶赴现场调查处理，采集患者咽拭子标本送市疾控中心实验室进行检测，结果为甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性。 据鲍女士描述，她在发病前一周内未接触其他发热病例或者有呼吸道症状的患者。在美国期间，她所居住的城市发生百余例甲型H1N1流感病例，所在大学发生过1例，但不在其所在的学院。
根据卫生部的规定，经北京市疾控部门调查判定，26日与鲍女士同机抵京的乘客、机场快线乘客均不属密切接触者范畴，相关人员只需自我观察，有症状主动就医即可。鲍女士的密切接触者包括同行人员3人，以及酒店工作人员、餐厅服务员、共同旅游人员、出租车司机等。患者到过的场所、乘坐的车辆已经进行终末消毒。
截至29日16时，鲍女士3名同行人员的咽拭子标本结果均为阴性，已接受集中医学观察，同时已将追查到的31名密切接触者进行集中医学观察。截至29日22时，已追踪到密切接触者中的85人。鉴于患者曾于28日9时在位于天安门的北京旅游集散中心乘坐大巴前往长城至十三陵一日游游览，尚有几位游客因所留信息有误正在查找中。
卫生疫控部门呼吁，请在上述时段同乘大巴（京B08455）中未取得联系的乘客，密切关注自身健康，如有不适，速与北京市疾控中心联系，联系电话64212461或12320。
北京市卫生局还介绍，另一患者李某现就读于美国新泽西州某大学，27日下午抵京（C089航班，座位号45L），随其父亲自驾车回家；28日下午曾由其父驾车前往奥林匹克公园游玩，未在外就餐。29日早上患者出现发热、肌肉酸疼症状，自测体温37.5摄氏度，自行服药未见好转；
晚上父亲自驾车前往北京海淀医院发热门诊就诊，当天未有其他外出活动。经调查判定，其密切接触者为其父母二人。29日23时30分，海淀区疾控中心采集患者及其父母咽拭子标本，送市疾控中心实验室进行检测，李某标本呈甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性；其父母标本呈阴性。目前患者已进行隔离治疗，患者父母目前无不适症状，已经接受医学观察。
_(网文转载) (博讯 boxun.com)
博讯相关报道（最近20条，更多请利用搜索功能)：
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北京确诊中国第3例甲流感：“患者有高度社会责任感”(图)
中国外交部请在美国及拟赴美中国公民严防甲流感
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甲流感侵袭?中墨关系不禁利益考验
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为什么美国没有兴师动众隔离甲流感疑似病例？
点击这里对此新闻发表看法The Healthy Heart Handbook for Women
Major Risk Factors for Heart Disease
High Blood Cholesterol
High blood cholesterol is another major risk factor for heart disease that you can do something about. The higher your blood cholesterol level, the greater your risk for developing heart disease or having a heart attack. To prevent these disorders, all women should make a serious effort to keep their cholesterol at healthy levels.
If you already have heart disease, it is particularly important to lower an elevated blood cholesterol level to reduce your high risk for a heart attack. Women with diabetes also are at especially high risk for a heart attack. If you have diabetes, you will need to take steps to keep both your cholesterol and your diabetes under control.
Although young women tend to have lower cholesterol levels than young men, between the ages of 45 and 55, women's levels begin to rise higher than men's. After age 55, this "cholesterol gap" between women and men becomes still wider. Although women's overall risk of heart disease at older ages continues to be somewhat lower than that of men, the higher a woman's blood cholesterol level, the greater her chances of developing heart disease.
Cholesterol and Your Heart
The body needs cholesterol to function normally. However, your body makes all the cholesterol it needs. Over a period of years, extra cholesterol and fat circulating in the blood build up in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. This buildup, called plaque, makes the arteries narrower and narrower. As a result, less blood gets to the heart. Blood carries oxygen to the heart. If not enough oxygen-rich blood can reach your heart, you may suffer chest pain. If the blood supply to a portion of the heart is completely cut off, the result is a heart attack.
Cholesterol travels in the blood in packages called lipoproteins. LDL carries most of the cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol packaged in LDL is often called "bad" cholesterol, because too much LDL in the blood can lead to cholesterol buildup and blockage in the arteries.
Another type of cholesterol is HDL, known as "good" cholesterol. That's because HDL helps remove cholesterol from the body, preventing it from building up in the arteries.
High blood cholesterol itself does not cause symptoms, so if your cholesterol level is too high, you may not be aware of it. That's why it's important to get your cholesterol levels checked regularly. Starting at age 20, all women should have their cholesterol levels checked by means of a blood test called a "fasting lipoprotein profile." Be sure to ask for the test results, so you will know whether you need to lower your cholesterol. Ask your doctor how soon you should be retested.
Total cholesterol is a measure of the cholesterol in all of your lipoproteins, including the "bad" cholesterol in LDL and the "good" cholesterol in HDL. An LDL level below 100 mg/dL* is considered "optimal," or ideal. However, not every woman needs to aim for so low a level. As you can see on the next page, there are four other categories of LDL level. The higher your LDL number, the higher your risk of heart disease. Knowing your LDL number is especially important because it will determine the kind of treatment you may need.
Your HDL number tells a different story. The lower your HDL level, the higher your heart disease risk.
Your lipoprotein profile test will also measure levels of triglycerides, another fatty substance in the blood. (See "What Are Triglycerides?".)
* Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams (mg) of cholesterol per deciliter (dL) of blood.
What's Your Number?
Blood Cholesterol Levels and Heart Disease Risk
|Total Cholesterol Level||Category|
|Less than 200 mg/dL||Desirable|
|200-239 mg/dL||Borderline high|
|240 mg/dL and above||High|
|LDL Cholesterol Level||Category|
|Less than 100mg/dL||Optimal (ideal)|
|100-129 mg/dL||Near optimal/above optimal|
|130-159 mg/dL||Borderline high|
|190 mg/dL and above||Very high|
HDL Cholesterol Level
An HDL cholesterol level of less than 40 mg/dL is a major risk factor for heart disease. An HDL level of 60 mg/dL or higher is somewhat protective.
Heart Disease Risk and Your LDL Goal
In general, the higher your LDL level and the more other risk factors you have, the greater your chances of developing heart disease or having a heart attack. The higher your risk, the lower your LDL goal level will be. Here is how to determine your LDL goal:
Step 1: Count your risk factors. Below are risk factors for heart disease that will affect your LDL goal. Check to see how many of the following risk factors* you have:
- Cigarette smoking
- High blood pressure (140/90 mmHg or higher, or if you are on blood pressure medication)
- Low HDL cholesterol (less than 40 mg/dL)†
- Family history of early heart disease (your father or brother before age 55, or your mother or sister before age 65)
- Age (55 or older)
Step 2: Find Out Your Risk Score. If you have two or more risk factors in Step 1, you will need to figure out your "risk score." This score will show your chances of having a heart attack in the next 10 years. To find out your risk score, see "How To Estimate Your Risk".
* Diabetes is not on the list because a person with diabetes is already considered to be at high risk for a heart attack—at the same level of risk as someone who has heart disease. Also, even though overweight and physical inactivity are not on this list of risk factors, they are conditions that raise your risk for heart disease and need to be corrected.
† If your HDL cholesterol is 60 mg/dL or higher, subtract 1 from your total.
Step 3: Find Out Your Risk Category. Use your umber of risk factors, risk score, and medical history to find out your history to find out your category of risk for heart disease or heart attack. Use the table below:
|If You Have||Your Category Is|
|Heart disease, diabetes, or a risk score of more than 20 percent||High Risk|
|2 or more risk factors and a risk score of 10 to 20 percent||Next Highest Risk|
|2 or more risk factors and a risk score of less than 10 percent||Moderate Risk|
|0 to 1 risk factor||Low-to-Moderate Risk|
What Are Triglycerides
Triglycerides are another type of fat found in the blood and in food. Triglycerides are produced in the liver. When you drink alcohol or take in more calories than your body needs, your liver produces more triglycerides. Triglyceride levels that are borderline high(150-199 mg/dL) or high (200-499 mg/dL) are signals of an increased risk for heart disease. To reduce blood triglyceride levels, it is important to control your weight, get more physical activity, quit smoking, and avoid alcohol. You should also follow an eating plan that is not too high in carbohydrates (less than 60 percent of calories) and is low in saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol. Sometimes, medication is also needed.
"No one, least of all me, was ever really concerned about my heart health because I was a young, thin female, who did not smoke. After my heart attack, I had to face my own mortality. It was a life-altering event for my entire family."
A Special Type of Risk
Some women have a group of risk factors known as "metabolic syndrome," which is usually caused by overweight or obesity and by not getting enough physical activity. This cluster of risk factors increases your risk of heart disease and diabetes, regardless of your LDL cholesterol level. Women have metabolic syndrome if they have three or more of the following conditions:
- A waist measurement of 35 inches or more
- Triglycerides of 150 mg/dL or more
- An HDL level of less than 50 mg/dL
- Blood pressure of 130/85 mmHg or more (either number counts)
- Blood sugar of 100 mg/dL or more
If you have metabolic syndrome, you should calculate your risk score and risk category as indicated in Steps 2 and 3 on the previous page. You should make a particularly strong effort to reach and maintain your LDL goal. You should emphasize weight control and physical activity to correct the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome.
Your LDL Goal
The main goal of cholesterol-lowering treatment is to lower your LDL level enough to reduce your risk of heart disease or heart attack. The higher your risk category, the lower your LDL goal will be. To find your personal LDL goal, see the table below:
|If You Are in This Risk Category||Your LDL Goal Is|
|High Risk||Less than 100 mg/dL|
|Next Highest Risk or Moderate Risk||Less than 130 mg/dL|
|Low-to-Moderate Risk||Less than 160 mg/dL|
Recent studies have added to the evidence suggesting that for people with heart disease, lower LDL cholesterol is better. Because these studies show a direct relationship between lower LDL cholesterol and reduced risk for heart attack, it is now reasonable for doctors to set the LDL treatment goal for heart disease patients at less than 70 mg/dL—well below the recommended level of less than 100 mg/dL. Doctors may also use more intensive cholesterol-lowering treatment to help patients reach this goal.
If you have heart disease, work with your doctor to lower your LDL cholesterol as much as possible. But even if you can't lower your LDL cholesterol to less than 70 mg/dL because of a high starting level, lowering your LDL cholesterol to less than 100 mg/dL will still greatly reduce your risk.
How To Lower Your LDL
There are two main ways to lower your LDL cholesterol—through lifestyle changes alone, or though medication combined with lifestyle changes. Depending on your risk category, the use of these treatments will differ. Because of the recent studies that showed the benefit of more intensive cholesterol lowering, physicians have the option to start cholesterol medication—in addition to lifestyle therapy—at lower LDL levels than previously recommended for high-risk patients. For information on the updated treatment options and the best treatment plan for your risk category, see the fact sheet, "High Blood Cholesterol: What You Need To Know," available on the NHLBI Web site or from the NHLBI Health Information Center. (See "To Learn More".)
Lifestyle Changes. One important treatment approach is called the TLC Program. TLC stands for "Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes," a three-part treatment that uses diet, physical activity, and weight management. Every woman who needs to lower her LDL cholesterol should use the TLC Program. (For more on the TLC approach, see "Eat for Health".) Maintaining a healthy weight and getting regular physical activity are especially important for women who have metabolic syndrome.
Medication. If your LDL level stays too high even after making lifestyle changes, you may need to take medicine. If you need medication, be sure to use it along with the TLC approach. This will keep the dose of medicine as low as possible and lower your risk in other ways as well. You will also need to control all of your other heart disease risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking.
As part of your cholesterol-lowering treatment plan, your doctor may recommend medication. The most commonly used medicines are listed below.
Statins. These are the most commonly prescribed drugs for people who need a cholesterol-lowering medicine. They lower LDL levels more than other types of drugs—about 20 to 55 percent
|
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leeping nearly
o decreased energy; fatigue;
o noticeable changes in appetite
and weight (significant loss or gain);
o inability to concentrate or think;
o physical symptoms of restlessness or being slowed down;
feelings of guilt, worthlessness, and helplessness; and
o recurrent thoughts
of death and suicide; suicide attempts.
The diagnosis is more certain when
these criteria are supplemented by either a family history of the disorder, a
prior episode of depression or bipolar disorder, or the presence of a precipitating
factor such as a recent stroke or the use of medications known to cause mood disorders.
symptoms of depression include disorganized thinking and delusions. In addition
to these disturbances in mood and cognition (thinking), patients with major depression
may experience changes such as constipation or decreased sexual drive.
of major depression range from mild to severe. In mild episodes, symptoms barely
meet the requirements for a diagnosis and the associated functional impairment
is minor. Severe episodes are characterized by several debilitating symptoms,
including worsening mood and marked interference with social and job related functions.
Severely afflicted individuals have difficulty with almost every activity-going
to work, socializing, and even getting up in the morning. They may be unable to
feed and dress themselves or to maintain personal hygiene.
Patients with major depression are generally
perceived as being sad or having a depressed mood, but sometimes they do not exhibit
either the sadness or some of the other symptoms normally associated with the
disorder. Although such cases are quite common, comprising 29% to 42% of depressed
outpatients, this kind of depression is known as atypical depression. The disorder
is just as debilitating as major depression despite the apparent lack of sadness.
In fact, during a 13-year follow-up of 1,612 participants in one study, patients
over age 50 who had atypical depression were significantly more likely to die
than persons with major depression or no depression.
Older individuals are
less likely than younger individuals to report sadness as a primary symptom of
Suicide-the 11th leading cause of death
in the United States-is a major complication of depression. About 1 in 16 people
diagnosed with depression die by suicide, and two thirds of people who die by
suicide are depressed.
In the United States, the risk of suicide is highest
in older white males and in those who live alone, have made prior suicide attempts,
refuse psychiatric evaluation, or abuse alcohol or other drugs. Although women
attempt suicide three to four times more often than men, men are three to four
times more likely to die by suicide. In addition, a 2002 Swedish study found that
older people with a serious physical illness were six times more likely to die
by suicide than those without a serious illness.
Up to three quarters of people
who die by suicide have visited their medical doctor in the prior month. This
suggests that these people were aware that something was wrong but that neither
they nor their doctor identified depression as the problem. Although it is impossible
to predict accurately who will attempt suicide, there are warning signs that a
severely depressed person may make an attempt. All too often, friends and family
of people who die by suicide are unaware of the seriousness of the signs until
it is too late.
The most important steps to prevent suicide are to recognize
the risk factors and warning signs and to facilitate appropriate treatment of
the underlying psychiatric illness. Typical warning signs are listed below. However,
not all people who die by suicide have these risk factors, and most people who
do have them are not suicidal. Signs include the following:
o social isolation
that may be self-imposed;
o drastic mood swings or overall personality changes;
neglecting home, finances, or pets;
o exaggerated complaints of aches or pains;
recent psychological trauma, such as a divorce, death of a loved one, or job loss
(which may trigger suicidal thinking in an already depressed person);
away cherished belongings to loved ones or putting one's affairs in order;
sudden calm or cheerfulness after a period of depression;
o frequent use of
alcohol or other drugs;
o buying a gun;
o verbal threats of suicide or statements
that suggest a desire to die; and
o family history of suicide or previous suicide
Depression in Older Adults
Although increasing age
alone does not put a person at greater risk for depression, the incidence of depression
is higher in older adults. A survey of Californians age 50 to 95 found that factors
such as chronic illness, physical disabilities, and social isolation-which often
coincide with increasing age-were more predictive of depression than age itself.
As a result, depression in older adults is a serious problem. The National Institute
of Mental Health's Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study estimated that at least
I million of the nation's 31 million people age 65 and older suffer from major
depression, and an additional 5 million have depressive symptoms that are severe
enough to require treatment. Unfortunately, the disease is often misdiagnosed
and left untreated in the elderly.
Many older persons who live alone have inadequate
support mechanisms and are confused by the multitude of systems available to provide
medical care, social services, and financial assistance for their medical needs.
Older adults also tend to be embarrassed and reluctant to seek professional help
for emotional problems, partly because the stigma of psychiatric illness is especially
strong among people in this age group. In addition, friends and family often fail
to perceive signs of distress. Older depressed patients are more likely to tell
their primary care physician about physical complaints than about subjective feelings
of depressed mood. For example, they may report loss of appetite, insomnia, lack
of energy, or loss of interest and enjoyment in daily activities. Unfortunately,
both doctor and patient often consider these symptoms a "normal part of aging"
that accompanies the physical, social, and economic problems faced by many older
Depression is sometimes left undiagnosed because of life circumstances
that are common in later years. The elderly are typically subjected to numerous
stressful life situations: loss of a spouse, family members, or friends by death
or geographic relocation; retirement, which may be accompanied by a loss of status
and self-identity; diminished financial resources; fears of death or loss of independence
and self-sufficiency; social isolation; and medical problems. Any of these factors
may trigger symptoms of depression that are attributed to life stresses and not
recognized as a true depressive illness.
In addition, the higher prevalence
of concurrent medical conditions and a greater use of medications in older people
further complicate the diagnosis. Although the depression may be a primary disorder,
it may also result from some underlying organic cause such as cancer, stroke,
or a reaction to a prescription drug. The possibility of dementia adds further
difficulties: Symptoms of major depression can mimic symptoms (for example, disorientation,
distractibility, or memory loss) of a dementia-causing disease such as Alzheimer's
disease. Thus, doctors need to perform a careful mental status evaluation as well
as a medical history and physical exam to find the primary cause of the psychological
Natural History And Prognosis Of Mood Disorders
disorders most often surface between ages 20 and 30, but they can occur at any
age. There is often a delay in accurate diagnosis because symptoms are not recognized
as being related to an illness but, rather, thought to be a reaction to life circumstances.
duration of an untreated episode of major depression is usually eight to nine
months. This period can be shortened considerably with proper diagnosis and treatment.
Most people with depression have their first episode before age 40, and most will
have more than one episode in their lifetime. Relapse rates are lower in people
who continue to take active treatments.
Alcoholism can make recovery from depression
and bipolar disorder more difficult. A recent study compared 176 men and women
who fit the criteria for both alcoholism and major depression with 412 people
who had major depression alone. Subjects who had never been alcoholics or who
no longer drank were two times more likely to recover from an episode of major
depression than the active alcoholics. Unfortunately, many depressed people slow
their recovery by attempting to self-medicate with alcohol.
and Diagnosis of Mood Disorders", Depression & Anxiety (Medletter), Jan2005,
The article above contains foundational information. Articles below contain optional updates.打法
丧尸有两种类型，站立丧尸和爬行丧尸,爬行丧尸可以攻击你的腿并很快的杀死你，但相对来说站立丧尸更常见。
爬行丧尸较之站立丧尸更难被击中，那是因为它们的位置很低，攻击它们的头是很好的攻击方式。
被两种丧尸攻击到时会减少10%的血量。
爆头是对付这两种僵尸的好办法。
任何一种格斗武器攻击头部就能杀死几乎所有丧尸。
丧尸会穿着你在这款游戏中所能找到的衣服。
穿着不同的职业/服装的丧尸的移动速度是不同的，这款游戏中速度最快的丧尸是平民丧尸(例如那些穿粉色衣服的丧尸)，接着是农夫丧尸。其它的僵尸移动速度都较慢。
另一种生物是非敌对的，鹿和猪。如果玩家靠得太近，它们会跑得很远。当玩家击杀它们的时候，它们会掉落肉和皮。生的肉可以通过火来烤熟，动物的皮毛可以合成衣服裤子以及背包。
掉落
平民丧尸
平民丧尸会穿着它们所在地区的日常服装。目前有医生丧尸、平民丧尸、农民丧尸以及工人丧尸。
根据它们的职业，它们会在特定的区域生成。
医生丧尸在药店和军事地点生成，平民丧尸在民用地点生成，农民丧尸在农场生成，工人丧尸在建筑地点生成。
为人民服务的丧尸
它们是丧尸中曾经为政府工作过的丧尸，有警察和消防员。它们穿着警察制服，RMCP(加拿大皇家骑警)制服以及消防员制服，它们通常戴着一顶帽子来表示自己的地位。它们在各自的特定区域生成：警察局和消防局。这些丧尸比普通的丧尸血量稍微多一些，这是因为它们在变成丧尸前接受过训练。
军人丧尸
军人丧尸是丧尸的一种类型，它们生成在军事地点，穿着森林迷彩或沙漠迷彩的衣服。
▶小编推荐When a roof has been exposed to a hailstorm severe enough to cause granules to be dislodged from the surface of the shingles (in spots large enough which expose the asphalt), the roof has been compromised.
The colored granules which are placed on the surface of the shingle serve two purposes:
- They provide an aesthetically pleasing product, and
- They protect the underlying asphalt from exposure to the sun.
Prolonged exposure to sun causes asphalt to deteriorate. This is the reason that a hail damaged roof will tend to fail prematurely.
Heavy hail damage is obvious because of the indentations in the shingle. When the surface damage of the shingle is not visible, look for indentations on vents, ridge vents, siding, or any other softer metal objects that may show impact.
The effects on the shingle may not be apparent for about a year. At this time, circular areas of granules will fall off the shingle. This is often called spalling. What has occurred is that the impact of the hailstone has broken or weakened the bond between the granules and the asphalt.
After a year or so of weathering, the granules fall off the shingle in the circular area of impact. With granules missing, the sunlight (UV) quickly attacks the asphalt and the maximum performance of the shingle has been compromised. The standard Limited Warranty on Roofing Shingles is void when shingles are damaged due to the evidence of hailstorms under all conditions stated above.serpil cakmaklisikiş filmi
Pigtailler ile ince bir kız bir erkekle ilişkiden önce onun elastik göğüsler dokunur. Dostum kamerayı açar, sadece bir kız arkadaşını sikmekle kalmaz, aynı zamanda bir ev ortamında mükemmel bir film çekmeyi amaçlar. Esmer kapağı bir arkadaşın birimine koyar ve sürecin tadını çıkarır ve penise hararetle atlar. Civciv gözlerini ve inliyor. Güzel bebek sadece bir partnerle kızartılmaz, aynı zamanda penis de berbat olur, böylece cıvata ıslanır.
Şimdi bak:
İlgili porno videolar:Nonostante la sua ingannevole apparenza in stile moresco, la "Santissima Trinità" fu costruita solo nel 1825. Fu consacrata nel 1838 ad un servizio alla presenza della Regina Adelaide, vedova di Guglielmo IV. Tra i personaggi famosi qui sepolti, c'è il generale Sir George Don sotto la cui direzione fu eretta la cattedrale durante il suo incarico come Luogotenente Governatore di Gibilterra (1814-1832). La chiesa anglicana della Santissima Trinità fu elevata allo stato di cattedrale nel 1842, diventando il centro per gli anglicani di tutta Europa, eccetto le isole britanniche. Oggi la sua diocesi è chiamata "La diocesi di Gibilterra in Europa".Illumine è un semplice gioco di evitamento. Giochi come la palla di luce e devi schivare la caduta
blocchi colorati durante il tentativo di catturare le stelle rosse e viola. Devi cercare di durare quanto te
possibile senza colpire un blocco. Se ne colpisci uno, il gioco è finito.
Aggiungi questo gioco al tuo sito!Come February and suddenly there is love, romance and excitement in the air. Young, not so young and old – there is sparkle in everyone’s eyes and smile on the face. Did you ever think of giving the credit to Saint Valentine? Perhaps you would like to know more about Saint Valentine and Valentine’s Day.
So here is all about Valentine’s Day including the facts, origin and its present day form of celebration.
All about Valentines Day
Valentine’s Day is celebrated every year on February 14 by millions of people – teenagers, young adults, not so young, old and very old of both the sexes throughout the world.
Perhaps the history of Valentine’s Day and why it is celebrated will ever remain shrouded in mystery. What we do know is that it is linked to both Christian and ancient Roman rites.
The Legend of St. Valentine
There are two stories related to the celebration of Valentine’s Day. The first one links it to early Christian Saint Valentine. It is said that he performed weddings for soldiers who were forbidden to be married. As a result he was imprisoned and executed later. As per the legend before his execution he wrote her a letter “from your Valentine” as a farewell.
The second legend links it to High Middle Ages, when the tradition of courtly love thrived. During the 18th century in England, it flourished into an occasion when lovers expressed their love for each other.
Since then this day is celebrated by the lovers who like to express their love for each other by sending Valentine’s cards, presenting flowers, confectionery etc.
Valentine’s Day: A Day of Romance
Although the origin of Valentine’s Day can be traced in annals of old history, it is the second half of the twentieth century, when the practice of exchanging cards and giving gifts picked up in America. Usually it is from a man to a woman. Typically such gifts have been roses and chocolates packed in a red satin, heart-shaped box. Besides other symbols and articles popularly associated with this occasion are figures of doves, the winged Cupid and the greetings cards.
To increase the sale of diamond’s during 80s, the diamond industry promoted Valentine’s Day as an occasion for gifting jewelry.
What connection Cupid has with it?
Venus is known to be the goddess of love and beauty. In Roman mythology Cupid is the son of Venus. Cupid would make people to fall in love by shooting them with his magical arrows.
And Cupid himself fell deeply in love with a human named Psyche and married her. According to the legend, Venus did not like this and the reason being that Venus was jealous of Psyche’s beauty. Thus she forbade her daughter-in-law to look at Cupid. But couldn’t Psyche could not hold herself and sneaked a peek at her handsome husband.
Venus gave her the punishment of performing three hard tasks and the third one caused Psyche’s death. But Cupid brought Psyche back to life and the gods, moved by their love, granted Pysche immortality.
Today Cupid represents the heart and Psyche the struggles of love.
Typical Valentine’s Day Gifts: Greeting Cards, Flowers and Chocolates
Since the 19th century, handwritten valentines have given way to mass-produced greeting cards. This tradition continues to be popular till date with the U.S. Greeting Card Association giving an estimated figure of 190 million greeting cards being sent each year. The recipients of these cards are husband or wife, friends, family members, teachers besides being exchanged in the schools by students.
Now the digital revolution has created the trends of e-cards, love coupons or printable greeting cards thanks to the ever growing popularity of
Hollywood gets inspired
So popular is this term now that Hollywood produced in 2010 a movie called Valentine’s Day. It is a Comedy and Romance genre’ story where the Intertwining couples and singles in Los Angeles break-up and make-up based on the pressures and expectations of Valentine’s Day. The cast of the movie included famous actors like Julia Roberts, Jamie Foxx, Anne Hathaway and it is directed Garry Marshall.
The Fun and Romance Factors
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and women were often in the home tending to the nurturing of children. The Industrial Revolution brought on factory owners determined to make the most profit to employ mostly women and children who were easier to control. The long work hours, up to 18 a day, left very little time other endeavors not to mention a lack of time to educate children. Days consisted mostly of work and sleep (Gingerich, 2003).
In the book, Strengthening the family - Implications for International Development, contributor Marian F. Zeitlin, of the United Nations University describes the ,”…the presence of the modern family in the West was first documented in England in the mid-1600s”. She speaks of the early history of the western view of the family unit “The modern family evolved in concert with industrialization, science, and technology. With the growth of specialized wage labour, economically productive work moved beyond the reach of the family compound. Individualized remuneration and liability led to a redefinition of kinship obligations. The family that was...Here is a list of 2 reasons why you should choose to dispose of your waste using responsible waste management services from a reputable waste management business, such as BKP Waste & Recycling Ltd.
1) Our Oceans Are Becoming A Plastic Soup
This may seem like a dramatic piece of scare mongering fiction, however in June this year it was reported in Reuters that “Marine experts fear there could be more plastic than fish in the ocean by 2050". That's only 33 years away.
Furthermore, it was recently reported in the Guardian that “sea salt around the world is contaminated by plastics". Additionally they have also reported that plastics have been found in tap water around the world.
The report in the Guardian also cited data which states that the amount of plastic that enters the world's oceans every year is up to 12.7 m tonnes! That's approximately equivalent to one garbage truck of plastic every minute!
However the impact plastic has on our ocean doesn't end at pollution;it can also have serious impacts on the food chain and the world around us.Tiny pieces of plastic (known as microplastics) in the world's oceans are eaten by small aquatic creatures. This means that these pieces of plastic and the contamination that has been absorbed by them will be passed up the food chain.Additionally, through a process that is known as biomagnification the toxins within the plastic will increase in concentration as they progress through the food chain.
A well known example of biomagnification is fish and mercury. The mercury starts in very small concentrations of seawater which is absorbed by small algae, which then makes it way up the food chain, where according to the BBC; a swordfish has 0.89 mg of mercury in 1 kg of meat.
Exposure to high levels of mercury could cause harm to the heart, kidneys, lungs, brain and your immune system. As such it is recommended by the NHS that people who are pregnant or those who are trying to get pregnant should not eat shark, swordfish or marlin because they can contain more mercury than other types of fish.
The Dangers Of Plastic Pollution
Plastic pollution is a very serious threat to life on our planet. Numerous products contain plastics and some plastic products require specialist disposal services. For example,products containing microbeads send tiny pieces of microplastics down the drain.These tiny pieces of plastic pass through filtration systems and enter marine and aquatic environments.
If you would like to read more information about the risks associated with the use of microbeads for both the environment and human health, please visit our website and read our blog titled, “Why Are Microbeads So Dangerous?" However, if you are interested in a professional waste disposal service to responsibly dispose of microbeads,please call our team on 0800 3765004 and enquire about our Microbeads Disposal Service.
2) Fly Tipping In England Is Increasing
Fly tipped waste in England has been increasing for the past few years. Fly tipping can have a serious social impact; indeed it can affect the local environment, but it can also affect local businesses and property values. Additionally, local fly tipped waste can attract flies and pests which could potentially pose a serious health risk. As such, it is important that fly tipped waste is removed with a professional fly tipped waste removal service.
However, fly tipping also has serious legal and environmental consequences.
Fly Tipping And The Law
Illegally disposing of waste is a serious crime that can have very severe consequences. Since May 2016, if you are caught in the act of fly tipping, you can be handed an on the spot fine of up to £400.
The Environmental Impact Of Fly Tipping
Fly tipping can have some very serious environmental consequences. Chemicals in the fly tipped waste could potentially contaminate soil, which could have disastrous results.
Additionally, according to Tackling Fly Tipping the estimated cost of both investigation and cleanup of fly tipped waste is approximately £86 m - £186 m. This cost ultimately falls upon both taxpayers and private landowners.
Responsible Waste Disposal From BKP Waste & Recycling Ltd, A Waste Management Business That Respects The Environment
If you're searching for a waste management business to dispose of your waste, it is very important that you choose a waste disposal service that provides responsible waste disposal.
The environment is precious and it is very important that everyone 'does their bit' to help the environment. As a waste disposal and recycling business that provides a variety of different professional waste management services, we understand that our actions have the potential to have a negative impact on the environment and as such we take steps in order to minimise or reduce the impact that our actions have on the environment.
In fact, one of our accreditations that we have earned from the International Organisation for Standardisation is an ISO 14001:2004 Environmental.
Interested In Professional Waste Management Services? Contact The BKP Ltd Team Today!
If you would like to learn more about the numerous professional waste management services that are available from BKP Waste & Recycling Ltd or if you would like to request a free quote, please don't hesitate to get in touch with our friendly and dedicated team today.
We can provide responsible waste solutions to dispose of a wide variety of different types of industrial waste and domestic waste, including but not limited to: asbestos removal, septic tank cleaning, hazardous waste removal, heavy industrial cleaning and factory decommissions.
So, if you have any questions regarding the numerous different waste management and waste disposal services that are available from BKP Waste & Recycling Ltd, please don't hesitate to contact our team.
Contact Us Today!
If you would like to contact our team by telephone, you can call us on 0800 376 5004, our office opening hours are Monday to Friday 8 am to 5 pm.
However, for those who would prefer to reach out to our team online, you can do so in the following ways.
You can reach our team by:
- Sending an email to [email protected].
- Filling out our contact form.
- Following us on Twitter @GroupBkp.
- Or by liking our Facebook Page.我们的文化是农业中心文化——就像种子公司所期望的那样！我们的许多员工是热心的园丁或商业农民或种植者。
金宝搏约翰尼的《精选种子》生长迅速，邮购和基于188bet网络的，位于缅因州中部农村的员工持股种子公司。我们在Albion认证的有机研究农场工作，缅因州，还有附近的温斯洛和费尔菲尔德的办公室。我们刚从沃特维尔镇穿过肯尼贝克河，科比、托马斯学院和缅因州国际电影节的所在地。如果你是户外钓鱼的爱好者，徒步旅行，滑雪，划船，骑脚踏车，还有更多——你会喜欢这个地区的：约翰尼酒店坐落在海岸和西部山区的中途，我们距离麋鹿头湖和缅因州未遭破坏的北部森林只有90分钟。
强尼提供一揽子福利待遇：健康保险PPO，和HSA）；牙科保险；人寿保险；短期和长期残疾；医疗和抚养费补偿；学费报销；401K-我们是100%的员工所有！！
金宝搏强尼种子公司为所有雇员和求职者提供平等的就业机会，不分种族，颜色，宗教，祖先，性别，性取向，性别认同，国籍，年龄，残疾，遗传信息，婚姻状况，大赦，或根据适用的联邦，作为退伍军人的受保护身份，状态，当地法律。
更多细节/应用
更多细节/应用Bilgisayar Terimi Olarak Ağ:
Bilgisayar ağı değişik yerlerdeki bilgisayar sistemlerini birbirine bağlayan bir veri iletişim sistemidir. Bir ağ WAN ve LAN'ların değişik birleşimlerinden oluşabilir. Yerel Alan Ağı (Local Area Network), Geniş Alan Ağı (Wide Area Network), ağlararası ağ (internet).
Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Terimi Olarak Ağ:
Futbol ve hentbolde kale arkalarına takılan, voleybol, badminton ve tenis gibi sporlarda sahayı ortadan ikiye ayıran, basketbolda da çemberi çevreleyen örgü.
Uzay ve Astronomi Terimi Olarak Ağ:
Beyaz ışığı renklere ayırmak için nesne merceklerinin ya da aynaların önüne konulan koşut teller örgüsü. Tel yerine ince çizgiler de kullanılır.
Masa Tenisi Terimi Olarak Ağ:
Oyun masasını tam ortadan ikiye bölen 15.25 cm yüksekliğindeki file gözlerinden oluşmuş engel.
Tenis Terimi Olarak Ağ:
Tenis kortunu tam ortadan ikiye bölen,1.09m.yükseklikte fileyle örülmüş örgü.
Ağ ile ilgili benzer terimler:
Forehand : Sol eli kullanan oyuncuların topa vücutlarının sol tarafında;
Backhand : Sağ elle oynayan oyuncuların topa vücutlarının sol tarafında iken;aynı şe
Grand Slam : Amerika,Fransa,Avustralya açık ve Wimbledon'dan oluşan dört büyük turnuv
Atak Topu : Fileye gitme amacıyla kullanılan vuruş.Genelde orta saha civarından vu
Çift Oyunu Dış Çizgisi : Sahanın her iki dışında bulunan ve sahayı boydan boya geçen 1.37m.genişl
Halka Atmak : Seti, rakibine hiç oyun vermeden 6-0 kazanma.Büyük Lokma Ye Büyük Söz Söyleme
Atasözleri günlük olarak edilen sohbetlerin içerisinde sıklıkla yer almaktadır. Ya bir tavsiye, ya bir uyarı veya bir öğüt amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Atalarımızın deneyimleri, yaşadıklarından çıkardıkları dersler sonucu oluşan bu sözler insanlar için önem arz etmektedir. Büyük lokma ye büyük söz söyle de bunlardan biridir. Büyük lokma ye büyük söz söyleme atasözünün anlamı nedir? Cümle içinde kullanımı nasıldır ve benzeri bilgileri derledik.
Büyük Lokma Ye Büyük Söz Söyleme Atasözünün Anlamı (TDK) Nedir?
Büyük lokma ye büyük söz söyleme atasözü bir öğüt verme amaçlı oluşturulmuş atasözüdür. Bu atasözünü anlamı şu şekildedir: Asla emin olmadan önemli şeyler söyleyip utanılacak duruma düşme veya başaramayacağın, sonuçlandıramayacağın bir konuda kesin söz söyleme anlamına gelir.
Büyük Lokma Ye Büyük Söz Söyleme Atasözünün Cümle İçinde Kullanımı
Cümle içinde kullanımını şu şekilde örneklendirebiliriz: Bu hayatta asla büyük lokma ye büyük söz söyleme.Restoring a stream would bring environmental benefits
Brook Park takes its name from Mill Brook, whose waters once burbled through today’s Webster and Brook Avenues. Now the environmental organization that helps oversee the park wants to bring the brook back.
“What we are trying to do here is make a green park, and a blue park,” says Aaron Petersohn, manager of the Friends of Brook Park’s Brook Daylighting Restorations Project.
Petersohn is heading an effort to bring the buried stream that once ran through Mott Haven back to the park at Brook Avenue and East 141st Street. If the plan succeeds, visitors will hear the sound of water trickling into a pond that attracts dragonflies, frogs and migrating birds.
The South Bronx has been shortchanged on green space, said Harry Bubbins, director of Friends of Brook Park. It “needs greater access to nature and restoration of our natural environment.”
Not only will the water make the park more inviting; it will make the neighborhood healthier, Petersohn says.
Wetland plants will perform their function as nature’s filtration system, capturing and cleaning storm water before it reaches the sewers, where it would carry motor oil, antifreeze, litter and other pollutants into the Harlem River.
For most of the 19th century, the Mill Brook River flowed through the South Bronx, following the course of today’s Brook Avenue, before emptying into the Bronx Kill, the narrow stretch of water between the Bronx and Randall’s Island.
When the sewer pipes were laid in the 1890s, the river was diverted into them.
“We want to bring back an old river that disappeared,” said Petersohn. Friends of Brook Park has a $45,000 federal grant to design the project and is hoping to raise $300,000 more to unearth the portion of the historic Bronx waterway beneath the park’s soil. The process of bringing that groundwater to the surface is called “daylighting.”
The Friends group partnered with the environmental engineers at the Bronx-based Gaia Institute to locate a source of water for the pond and surrounding wetlands. They found it at the nearby Nehemiah Homes on 140th Street.
Plans call for diverting to Brook Park the 800,000 gallons of water that now flow into the sewers from the roofs, sidewalks and streets of the housing development. Another 700,000 gallons will be collected from the rainwater and snow that falls on the park itself.
Removing 1.5 million gallons from the sewer system will help clean up the city’s waterways, and will ultimately save money, Petersohn said. When storm water goes into the sewers, New Yorkers pay twice. “As taxpayers we are paying to have rainwater cleaned up when it’s already clean,” said Peterhsohn.
What’s worse, even a short storm can overwhelm the city’s wastewater treatment plants, forcing them to dump untreated waste flushed from toilets into the rivers and bays.
One of the Bloomberg administration’s goals is to improve the quality of the water in New York harbor by capturing and retaining storm water runoff before it enters the sewer system, said Mercedes Padilla, a spokeswoman for the city Department of Environmental Protection.
The Brook Park plan has won applause from elected officials and park users. A spokesman for Rep. Jose Serrano, who secured the federal funds for the project’s design, echoed Bubbins, saying the congressman “wants more green and natural space and places for folks to have room to the outdoors, and not just see concrete.”
“We have actually been vindicated with the fact that there is water found here,” said City Council member Melissa Mark Viverito, who has advocated for the restoration of the brook since she took office in 2005. “That reality is going to be integrated with the design of this park. It reflects and acknowledges the history and reality of this community, that there’s a stream that runs under here.”
“It will be fun for the kids, and something different that doesn’t exist anywhere else in the neighborhood,” said Margarita Herrera, who was strolling in the park with her one year old daughter and two little girls of her friend’s on a recent Sunday.
A version of this story appeared in the June/July 2011 issue of the Mott Haven Herald.Author: Harriet R. Kinghorn
Publisher: Teacher Ideas Press
Reach beyond the traditional show-and-tell approach for teaching oral language, creative imagination, visualization, sequential memory, and listening skills by incorporating storytelling into your curriculum. The authors show how to use a number of popular forms as bases for children's storytelling, including nursery rhymes, fables, how-and-why stories, tall tales, and folktales and fairy tales. Children learn how to use crafts, pictures, readers theatre, and flannel board materials as springboards to storytelling adventures. Numerous patterns are included for activities, and a bibliography of resources for use with storytelling rounds out the book. Grades 1-6.THE FIRST DECADE
Perhaps no community’s relationship with the space program resonates deeper than that of Cocoa Beach, Florida. Conveniently located just south of Cape Canaveral, it was home to many of the engineers and technicians who enabled humanity to explore the lunar surface. The First Federal Savings & Loan Association of Cocoa – Cocoa Beach Branch building was an outstanding representation of the region’s architectural link to the Space-Age and to the optimism of the early 1960s. Known to residents as the “Glass Bank,” the First Federal Savings & Loan Association building was designed by noted Sarasota School Architect Reginald C. Knight. Opening in 1962, this Mid-Century Modern structure of glass, steel and concrete stood out on the barrier island community of Cocoa Beach both because of its height and because of its elegant Space-Age design.
With a construction cost exceeding $750,000 ($6.1 million in today’s dollars), the Glass Bank would have been an impressive structure for a larger city like Ft. Lauderdale, but in a community the 1960 US Census revealed had yet to surpass 3,500 it demonstrated how business believed Cocoa Beach would continue to grow and thrive with each step to the Moon. The bank’s 4.5 floors of
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the specific organ affected by any particular disease. In ancient China this was achieved by using a refined form of pulse diagnosis.
The palpation of the pulse enables the acupuncturist to assess which organ is diseased, whether the organ is over- or underactive, and the pathogen causing the damage. This is achieved by feeling the pulse at three positions at each wrist, and by feeling the pulse at the superficial and deep positions at each end of three positions on the wrist. There are six pulses at each wrist, three superficial and three deep. There are twelve main organs in the Chinese medical system2 and each of these is represented by one of the pulses at one of the wrist positions. It is unclear how this system of pulse diagnosis came into existence but it was a refined and very important system by the time the Nei Ching Su Wen was written. This method of diagnosis allows the whole body to be assessed, and it also defines the relative balance between each of the organs. In addition, pulse diagnosis is said to give a clear idea of the type of disease process, whether it is acute or chronic, and to give a prognosis for that disease in that individual patient. This allowed the Chinese physician to give an indication of how the disease would affect the individual.
The observation that each of these pulses represents a different organ is a difficult fact to accept and understand. It is astonishing to think that different organs are represented by the pulse in the left and right hands, and that these pulses are separated only by a centimeter or so. There are also severe different types of pulse that can be felt in any given position, for instance the pulse in the spleen position can be described as a 'Fu' pulse in one disease, or a 'Ch'en' pulse in another disease. These pulses were given rather poetic descriptions. A 'Fu' pulse is described as a superficial pulse, it is light and flowing like a piece of wood floating on water, whilst a 'Ch'en' purse is a deep pulse, like a stone thrown into water.
Surprisingly enough, these pulses can be recorded accurately with the aid of modern technology. They can be printed out from a six channel oscilloscope with three pulse sensors at each wrist. In terms of modern electronics this is not a particularly complex device and allows clear graphic verification of the idea of the ancient Chinese. The poetic description of the pulse characteristics also seems to be verified by the recording; a superficial pulse
is indeed superficial in that there is an upward deflection of the pulse wave on the recording, and very little downward motion of the pulse in that position.
In Western medicine examination of the pulse only gives information about the rate, rhythm and volume of the pulse wave, and this information is correlated with the state of the heart and blood vessels. From the pulse recordings it is obvious that the pulse shows a great deal of variation over a small area at the wrist. It is also obvious that the shape of the pulse wave changes radically when a little pressure is placed on the artery. A superficial pulse is felt superficially and a deep pulse is felt when a little pressure is put on the artery by a finger or, in the case of the pulse-recording machine, an inflatable cuff. Although not easily explicable these facts are certainly of interest.
The Ancient Diagnostic System
Pulse diagnosis is not used in isolation, but as part of a system that involves taking the history of the disease and examining the patient. The facial complexion, smell and posture of the patient are also used diagnostically. Assessing the history of the complaint is the basis of all good medical practice, whether Western or Eastern, and can be summed up by an old Chines quotation called the ten askings: 'One, ask chill and fever; two perspiration; three, ask head and trunk; four, stool and urine; five, food intake and six, chest. Deafness and thirst are seven and eight; nine, past history and ten, causes. Besides this, you should ask about the drugs taken and for women you should ask the menstrual and obstetric history. Finally, for infants ask about normal childhood diseases'. This ancient Chinese system of history-taking is almost exactly the same as that employed in the West today. Pulse diagnosis was therefore included as an important part of a sophisticated system for diagnosing disease.
Modern Chinese Diagnosis
Modern Chinese acupuncture differs from the old tradition system. The old traditional system of diagnosis by the 'twelve pulses' takes many years to learn to a standard of competence which allows the acupuncturist to make a clear diagnosis Although there are some people in both China and the West
who are able to diagnose by the twelve pulses, they are few in number, and a modified system of pulse diagnosis has therefore been developed by the Chinese. This allows a simple but relatively accurate system of traditional diagnosis to be taught and practiced, quite quickly and proficiently, the mainstays of this 'shorter method' being the use of a pulse generalization and the tongue.
The pulse is not felt in any particular position, but for its general character, hence the term 'pulse generalization'. The pulse can be felt at either wrist and classed as generally excessive or deficient. The tongue is also used to give quite specific information about the disease process and, in combination with the history, this system gives much the same answer as the 'twelve pulses'. Proficiency at this method will usually give the same traditional diagnosis as the pulse-recording machine, so the simplification of this system has not caused a significant loss of diagnostic accuracy.
The Selection of Acupuncture Points
The diagnosis of a particular problem does not tell the acupuncturist where to place the acupuncture needle. A set of therapeutic rules must be applied to solve that problem. To a large degree all medical systems are based on clinical experience and acupuncture is no exception to this; the rules that govern point selection are therefore based on a combination of philosophic concepts and empirical clinical experience.
There are special points that can be used to disperse the invasion of specific pathogens, such as cold or heat, and judging by some recent Chinese research work it would seem that the points used to disperse heat do lower fever. These pathogen-dispersing points are based largely on practical experience, and they form part of the basic grammar of acupuncture.
The other rules of point selection are many and varied; for example, points can be selected on the basis of the law of the five elements. This law assumes that each of the organs represents one of the five elements in traditional Chinese thought (earth, fire, water, metal and wood). They have a creating and destroying cycle.
On each of the channels there are points representing one of these elements and by applying a complex set of rules the diseased organ
can be sedated, (if it is overactive) or tonified, (if it is underactive). There are also points on the back and front of the body that represent specific organs, and these too can be used to treat the represented organs when they are diseased. There is a plethora of such rules, each of which is applied in specific conditions and at specific times. The problem for the acupuncturist is to define the few points that will be best in any particular condition. The skill of point selection is based largely on clinical experience; the rules of point selection give guidelines, although they are not the complete answer.
The Use of Specific Points
Why does acupuncture need such specific diagnostic and treatment methods7 Why not use all the acupuncture points at the same time? It would seem logical that if one acupuncture point helps, then two will help even more, and if all the points are used then the patient is bound to get better!
The Western doctor sometimes assumes that 'more is better'. If a drug does not give therapeutic benefit, or side effects at a given dose, then he may double the dose and the patient will probably improve. Traditional Chinese medicine implies that a small stimulus is probably more effective than a large one. Biological systems do seem to respond to small stimuli; for instance, a small change in the ecology of a 'food chain' can be amplified to cause major damage to another animal species in that environment. The emphasis in acupuncture therapy is to select a minimal number of acupuncture points in order to give the body a small but specific stimulus, as this seems to result in a better therapeutic response.
It is quite simple to practice acupuncture because it is quite simple to needle patients, but it is difficult to learn and practice the traditional Chinese acupuncture properly. It also takes some time to gain the clinical skill required to insert and manipulate the acupuncture needle. The Chinese teach that each needle inserted should be manipulated so that the patient receives a numbing or burning sensation in the acupuncture point. Many Western schools of acupuncture do not believe this and state that this sensation, which the Chinese call needling sensation, is not required. The available evidence suggests that if a needling sensation is obtained then the acupuncture is more effective, although many patients obtain adequate symptom relief without experiencing needling sensation.
Acupuncture is not a static subject. The Chinese have achieved a great deal by adapting and redefining the ideas of traditional Chinese medicine so that they are more understandable and acceptable to Western doctors. Technologically based acupuncture techniques have also been developed by Western doctors and these will be discussed in the next chapter.
- 1 The Nei Ching Su Wen is the first known acupuncture text (see The Physiology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, a section of this chapter).
- 2 The main organs are the heart, kidney, liver, spleen, lung, pericardium, triple warmer, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, gall bladder and urinary bladder.Proteins perform many important physiological roles. However, protein is not the only important nutrient because others are essential for the body to fully use available protein. Proteins are the principal source of nitrogen for the body and are fundamental components of all body cells. Proteins are necessary for many physiological functions, which can be classified into the following seven categories:
- Generation of new body tissues. Because protein is a constituent of all cells, it is necessary for growth. During periods of increased growth (infancy, childhood, adolescence, and pregnancy) and in periods of wound healing or recovery (illness, surgery, burns, or fever), the need for protein to build new tissues is increased. In some individuals, moderately high protein consumption may stimulate muscle protein growth, favoring retention of lean muscle mass, while improving metabolism.
- Repair of body tissues. Body proteins are continuously being broken down, necessitating their replacement. Assessment of recent and usual protein intake is important.
- Production of essential compounds. Amino acids and proteins are constituents of regulatory enzymes, hormones, and other body secretions. The structural compound collagen is a protein substance of connective tissue that helps support body structures, such as skin, bones, teeth, and tendons. A low protein intake may affect all of these functions.
- Regulation of fluid balance. Protein dissolved in water forms a colloidal solution; in other words, it attracts water. Blood albumin (a protein) draws water from interstitial (space between tissue cells) fluid or cells to maintain blood volume. During protein deficiency, a decreased amount of protein in the blood causes a loss of osmotic balance, resulting in an accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema)
- Residence to disease. Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, the body’s main protection from disease, are proteins. Low protein levels may negatively affect and individual’s immune response, resulting in an inability to fight bacteria and other harmful organisms.
- Transport mechanisms. Proteins enable insoluble fats to be transported through the blood.
- Energy. When the nitrogen grouping is removed, the remaining carbon skeleton can be used for energy, furnishing 4 kcal/g. Although this is not one of its main functions, protein is used in this manner when (a) caloric intake from carbohydrate and fat is inadequate, (b) protein intake exceeds requirements, and (c) essential amino acids (EAAs) are unavailable for synthesis of proteins.
Protein requirements for health are based on body size and rate of growth. (The body needs more protein during growth periods or for maintenance and repair of a larger body mass.) To a certain extent, the better the quality of protein (higher PDCAA score), the less quantity is required. Protein requirements are based on the assumption that EAAs and kilocalories are provided in adequate amounts.
(Protein digestibility corrected amino acid (PDCAA) is the official method of evaluating protein quality for humans. It is based on amino acid requirements of young children and corrects for digestibility. Vegetable and some grain proteins are less well digested than animal protein, partly because the protein is encased in cell walls that make it less available to digestive enzymes. Vegetables and grains contain all the EAAs, but because one or more EAAs are present in a very low ratio, the protein they finish has a low PDCSS score.)
The recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for protein vary proportionately for different ages and stages of life to adjust for growth rates. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has determined the daily minimum requirement of protein for adults is about 0.6 g/kg. Using 0.6g/kg, a patient weighing 150 lb (68.2kg) would require 41 g of protein. Because RDAs provide a margin of safety, the IOM has established 0.8g/kg daily as the RDA. With this standard, a patient weighing 150 lb (68.2 kg) requires 56 g protein. The RDAs for protein for various stages of life are listed below.
Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2003-2004 data, protein intake averaged approximately 91g in adults 19 to 39 years old, and decreased to about 66 g/day in elderly adults. This represents approximately 15% of total kilocalories, within the recommended amount of acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) of 10% to 35%. Males consume more protein than females. Approximately 7% to 8% of adolescent girls and 7.2% to 8.6% of elderly women consume protein levels below their estimated average requirement. Very few individuals consume protein amounts close to the highest AMDR of 35% for their age/sex group.
Recent research indicates many adults may benefit from eating more than the minimum requirement, and investigators have requested that the IOM revisit protein recommendations. The conclusions of the Protein Summit in 2007 were presented in the May 2008 Supplemental issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Findings presented indicate higher protein diets are linked with a lower risk of chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and strength with aging, a condition many believe is normal for elderly individuals.
The conclusion of the investigators at the Protein Summit was that overweight or obese and older Americans may benefit by consuming 35% of their kilocalories from protein. It was also recommended that the revised 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans address protein as a required nutrient.
When any condition of health or disease causes a significant protein loss, an increased protein intake (grater than the RDAs) prevents excessive loss of tissue and plasma proteins. Although these stares increase protein requirements, RDAs have not been established for these conditions. Providing additional amounts for supplementation with high-quality proteins can help prevent protein malnutrition and shorten recovery periods. While updating the macronutrients in 2002, the IOM reviewed scientific evidence for protein requirements for healthy adults undertaking resistance or endurance exercise. They found no compelling evidence for additional protein requirements, especially because Americans commonly ingest significantly more protein than is recommended.
Ordinarily, dietary protein is restricted only in some physiological disease states affecting the liver and kidney because these organs are heavily involved in protein use and excretion of protein waste products. If the liver and kidney are diseased, excessive amounts of protein cannot be properly handled without further organ damage.
Foods with a high protein content are readily available in the United States. Meat and milk food groups furnish most of the protein. Soy is a good source of protein and has other health benefits. An increased intake of cereal products boosts protein intake. The protein content of items from the sample menu displayed bellow.
Food Quantity Protein (g)
|Chicken, light meat, cooked||2 oz||20|
|Chicken, dark meat, cooked||2oz||18|
|Pork chops lean, cooked||2oz||16|
|Beet, cooked, lean cuts||2oz||15|
|Pinto beans, cooked||1 cup||15|
|Cottage cheese||½ cup||14|
|Cod fish, cooked||2oz||13|
|Egg, hard cooked||2||13|
|Thick milkshake||11 oz||12|
|American processed cheese||2oz||10|
|Milk, whole, reduced fat, or low fat||1 cup||10|
|Peanut butter||2 Tbsp||8|
|Nonfat dried skim milk powder||1/3 cup||8|
|Macaroni, cooked||1 cup||7|
|Oatmeal, cooked||1 cup||6|
|Rice, white, cooked||1 cup||4|
|Rice, brown, cooked||1 cup||5|
|Ice cream, l0% fat||1 cup||5|
|Corn muffin, small||1||4|
|Enriched white bread||1 slice||2|
Depending on sex, size, and activity level, MyPyramid recommends 5 to 7 oz of cooked lean meat, poultry, or fish daily for adults. About 3 Tbsp of chopped/ground meat, or the size of a small matchbox, equals 1 oz of meat; a small chicken drumstick or thigh is equivalent to 2 oz of meat; and a deck of cards or the size of your palm is approximately 3 oz. One-half cup, or the amount that can fit in a cupped hand, of beans or 1 Tbsp of peanut butter (size of a ping pong ball) can be substituted for 1 oz of meat. In most cases, digestibility and nutritional value are favorably affected by cooking procedures. Proper cooking sometimes facilitates digestion and use. Cooking makes egg albumin more readily digestible, and cooking soybeans increases amino acid bioavailability. Bioavailability indicates the amount of nutrient available to the body after absorption. Processing affects proteins in cereal by binding lysine (an amino acid), making it unusable by the body.
DENTAL HYGIENE CONSIDERATIONS
- Most Americans consume almost twice as much protein as
recommended in the RDAs.
- When assessment indicates a normal consumption of 1.5 g/
kg or more above the RDA for protein, this is considered a
high-protein diet. Further increases may not be beneficial and
may contribute to increased fat stores and dehydration.
- An inadequate protein intake could affect any or all of the
physiological functions of protein in the body.
- Assessment of protein intake of patients with periodontal
issues is especially important. Protein deficiencies may com-
promise the physiological systemic response to inflamma-
tion and infection, and periodontal problems may increase,
the protein requirement to promote healing in patients with
inadequate or marginal protein intake.
- One rule of thumb is protein should provide 10% to 35% of
caloric intake. If protein intake seems inappropriate, determine
caloric or protein intake or both. The adequacy of intake can be
established by using one of two methods. As an example, based
on
|
23 | 5 | 3 |
di adrenalina da parte del midollo surrenale, che si verifica in molte infezioni acute, processi infiammatori e reazioni allergiche. L'effetto antiallergico dell'adrenalina è anche dovuto al suo effetto sulla sintesi del cortisolo.
L'adrenalina ha un effetto stimolante sul sistema di coagulazione del sangue. Aumenta il numero e l'attività funzionale delle piastrine, che, insieme a uno spasmo di piccoli capillari, determina l'effetto emostatico (emostatico) dell'adrenalina. Uno dei meccanismi fisiologici che promuovono l'emostasi è un aumento della concentrazione di adrenalina nel sangue durante la perdita di sangue.
Adrenalina (epinefrina), che cos'è, le funzioni, i benefici e i danni del "battito o corsa dell'ormone"
Quale persona non ha mai sentito l'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo? Non ci sono persone così. Dopotutto, anche il bambino più piccolo ha sperimentato lo stress almeno una volta nella vita. Dove viene prodotta l'adrenalina, perché è necessaria, ne trae beneficio o danno, come può salvare una vita o rovinarla? Tutto questo può essere trovato nell'articolo qui sotto.
Cos'è l'adrenalina?
L'adrenalina (aka epinefrina) è un ormone responsabile del verificarsi di sentimenti di ansia, paura, stress, pericolo. Ha ricevuto il nome dal termine ghiandola surrenale, perché questo organo in inglese suona come "ghiandola surrenale", ed è lui che produce adrenalina. In determinate quantità, l'epinefrina si trova sempre negli organi e nei tessuti. La sua presenza è vitale per il corpo, perché costringe il cervello a prendere decisioni lampo in una frazione di secondo: difendersi o fuggire.
La formula dell'adrenalina è la seguente:
Che cos'è l'adrenalina? Per sua natura chimica, è una catecolamina. Coloro. È una sostanza fisicamente attiva che partecipa al metabolismo e mantiene la stabilità del corpo durante il periodo di stress fisico e nervoso.
L'ormone adrenalina viene prodotto nelle ghiandole surrenali durante situazioni stressanti. Questa ghiandola accoppiata produce anche un altro ormone, la noradrenalina, che prende parte anche alle reazioni di "lotta o fuga", ma in misura molto minore.
Il meccanismo d'azione dell'adrenalina è che il segnale di allarme viene ricevuto da una parte del cervello - l'ipotalamo. Invia immediatamente l'ordine alle ghiandole surrenali, che rispondono con il rilascio di un ormone nel sangue.
L'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo è accompagnato da aumento della pressione, aumento della frequenza cardiaca, pupille dilatate. L'attività fisica, mentale e mentale è attivata. Per fornire al corpo energia aggiuntiva, il glucosio inizia a essere prodotto più attivamente, mentre la sensazione di fame si attenua. Per garantire il massimo flusso di sangue al cervello, i sistemi digestivo e genito-urinario sono disattivati.
Di conseguenza, una persona in pochissimo tempo diventa più veloce, più forte, gli organi sensoriali si aggravano. Tutto ciò ti consente di salvare una vita in situazioni estreme. L'adrenalina nel sangue è estremamente importante per gravi lesioni e gravi ustioni: il dolore si attenua, qualunque esso sia, aumentando il tempo per aiutare.
Quando il pericolo è passato e l'adrenalina è tornata alla normalità, una persona inizia a sentire fame grave, appare affaticamento e le reazioni rallentano.
Cosa si può sentire quando l'adrenalina viene rilasciata nel sangue?
Al momento di un'ondata di ormoni, una persona inizia immediatamente a sentirsi in qualche modo strana e insolita. Il cuore di qualcuno inizia a battere furiosamente, la respirazione accelera, a volte c'è una forte ondulazione nell'area del tempio. Altri saliva liberamente e appare un gusto insolito in bocca. Molti aumenti della sudorazione, questo è particolarmente evidente sui palmi delle mani, le gambe cessano di obbedire. In ogni caso, questi cambiamenti sono reversibili..
Vale la pena sapere che, dopo l'eccitazione, si verifica immediatamente la frenata. Una persona inizia a sentirsi vuota e letargica. Maggiore è l'influenza dell'ormone, più lunga è la sensazione di inibizione.
Pro e contro dell'adrenalina per il corpo umano
Il vantaggio si percepisce se i suoi indicatori aumentano solo in rari casi e non su base continuativa. Al fine di non infliggere un duro colpo al corpo, l'azione dell'ormone è di breve durata e in una situazione ordinaria, letteralmente dopo 5 minuti, la sua quantità rientra nell'intervallo normale.
L'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo:
- possiede proprietà antiallergiche e antinfiammatorie;
- allevia il broncospasmo e riduce lo sviluppo dell'edema delle mucose;
- provoca uno spasmo dei piccoli vasi della pelle, a seguito del quale gli arti ricevono meno sangue del solito. Allo stesso tempo, stimola il sistema di coagulazione, aumentando la viscosità del sangue, che consente di arrestare la perdita di sangue molto rapidamente con una varietà di lesioni e lesioni;
- aumenta il livello di veglia;
- migliora la scomposizione dei grassi e inibisce la loro sintesi;
- influisce positivamente sulle prestazioni dei muscoli scheletrici, che è importante in caso di affaticamento: appare la capacità di correre più veloce, saltare più in alto e più in alto, sollevare i pesi più pesanti rispetto al proprio peso corporeo;
- aumenta la soglia del dolore.
Il metabolismo accelerato comporta un aumento della temperatura, le ghiandole sudoripare vengono assorbite con speciale zelo, raffreddando il corpo e prevenendo il surriscaldamento.
Importante! Va ricordato che essere costantemente in uno stato sovraeccitato è pericoloso per la salute. L'adrenalina non è solo un amico, ma anche un nemico per il nostro corpo. A livelli critici, possono verificarsi danni alla vista e all'udito. Se l'ormone adrenalina viene prodotto al di sopra del normale, allora può essere dannoso.
Le sue funzioni negative sono le seguenti:
- la pressione sale al di sopra della sua norma;
- un aumento del miocardio è irto di gravi malattie cardiache, tutti i tipi di effetti aumentano significativamente il rischio di infarto;
- il restringimento dei vasi sanguigni e l'aumento della formazione piastrinica influiscono negativamente sul benessere;
- l'esaurimento del midollo surrenale può provocare arresto cardiaco;
- livelli ormonali costantemente elevati portano a ulcere allo stomaco;
- lo stress abituale provoca depressione cronica;
- la massa muscolare diminuisce;
- c'è insonnia, vertigini croniche, respiro eccessivamente rapido, aumento del nervosismo, ansia irragionevole.
Il momento più spiacevole associato al rilascio dell'ormone è il rilassamento dei muscoli lisci dell'intestino e della vescica. Le persone con una psiche instabile possono sperimentare una "malattia dell'orso". Durante i momenti di stress, sentono un bisogno incontrollabile di andare in bagno, a volte la minzione inizia spontaneamente, si notano feci molli.
Trattamento dell'adrenalina
Come si è scoperto sopra, quando viene prodotto l'ormone adrenalina, attiva la capacità degli organi di funzionare in condizioni critiche. È su questo che si basa la terapia con adrenalina. Quando i sistemi interni del corpo del paziente smettono di funzionare, il medico inietta epinefrina, il suo effetto dura circa 5 minuti e durante questo periodo il personale medico esegue misure di rianimazione per salvare la vita.
L'azione dell'adrenalina sul corpo è diversa e ha trovato ampia applicazione in vari rami della medicina. L'ormone viene utilizzato nella pratica medica come:
- agente iperglicemico in caso di sovradosaggio di insulina;
- antiallergico con shock anafilattico (edema laringeo);
- broncodilatatore, vasocostrittore e ipertensivo per espandere i bronchi nell'asma;
- un mezzo per fermare il sanguinamento superficiale della pelle e delle mucose;
- oltre all'anestesia per vasocostrizione. Come tale, rallenta il flusso sanguigno per ridurre il tasso di assorbimento dell'anestetico, che consente di aumentare la durata del sollievo dal dolore.
2 sali di adrenalina sono usati in medicina: cloridrato e idrotartrato.
- il primo sale viene utilizzato in caso di forte calo della pressione, reazioni allergiche fulminee durante l'assunzione di farmaci, con glicemia criticamente bassa, attacchi di asma, disturbi del ritmo cardiaco;
- il secondo viene introdotto in caso di shock anafilattico, con sovradosaggio di insulina, per fermare gli attacchi di asma bronchiale, con gonfiore della laringe. È contenuto in unguenti e gocce sterili, che hanno trovato applicazione nella pratica oftalmica e ORL. Sotto forma di una soluzione all'1-2% utilizzata nel trattamento del glaucoma, per ridurre la pressione del fluido all'interno dell'occhio.
Il regime di dosaggio è fissato dal medico. I preparati di adrenalina vengono somministrati lentamente per via sottocutanea, meno spesso - per via intramuscolare e endovenosa.
Come qualsiasi farmaco, ha controindicazioni:
- palpitazioni cardiache e battiti cardiaci irregolari;
- periodo di gravidanza e allattamento;
- intolleranza individuale;
- tumore benigno dipendente dall'ormone situato nel midollo surrenale.
Il controllo dell'adrenalina nel corpo
Sicuramente ogni persona almeno una volta nella vita aveva il desiderio di "buttare via le emozioni". Questa condizione indica che viene prodotta troppa adrenalina, quindi è necessario ridurla il prima possibile nel modo meno traumatico.
Sintomi che indicano un alto livello dell'ormone nel sangue:
- rapida perdita di peso fino all'esaurimento, a causa di una diminuzione della massa muscolare;
- vertigini;
- perdita di sonno
- respirazione eccessivamente frequente;
- palpitazioni
- completa mancanza di perseveranza;
- maggiore emotività (pianto, rabbia, collera).
Se il tempo è breve, ma è necessario recuperarsi urgentemente, questo metodo aiuterà:
- Siediti o addirittura sdraiati, se possibile. chiudi gli occhi.
- Inspira il più profondamente possibile attraverso il naso ed espira lentamente attraverso la bocca..
- Pensa al piacevole, ricorda la situazione divertente.
L'aria fresca aiuterà a riprendersi:
- distrarre dalle preoccupazioni;
- alleviare la tensione nervosa;
- normalizza la pressione;
- migliorerà il lavoro degli organi interni.
L'opzione migliore è lo sport. Solo mezz'ora di esercizio attivo porta lo stato emotivo al solito corso. Alcuni praticano con successo esercizi di yoga, meditazione, rilassamento.
I medici raccomandano anche di ritrovarsi nella creatività: disegnare, ricamare, modellare, musica, cantare in ordine il sistema nervoso, che riduce il livello di adrenalina.
Ridurre l'ormone prodotto aiuta:
- distrazione dal tumulto quotidiano;
- evitare controversie che possono causare un aumento di emozioni forti, anche negative;
- assunzione di sedativi a base di erbe (valeriana, motherwort, melissa);
- misurate lunghe passeggiate all'aria aperta;
- fare bagni caldi con l'aggiunta di olio di lavanda;
- correzione nutrizionale - ridurre la quantità di zucchero e dolci.
La cosa principale è non cercare rassicurazione in sigarette, alcol, cibo. Questo inganna solo il corpo, senza influire sull'ormone dello stress. Ma provoca dipendenza da nicotina e alcol, porta all'obesità.
Dipendenza da adrenalina
Qual è questo termine e come può l'adrenalina essere una droga? In effetti, l'effetto dell'adrenalina sul corpo può essere chiamato narcotico. Quando entra nel flusso sanguigno in grandi quantità, provoca euforia, che è ciò che i fan amano solleticare i nervi.
Si ritiene che la dipendenza si formi nei giovani anni, quindi gli adolescenti sono così attratti dall'avventura. Di solito all'età di 18 anni, l'amore per gli sport estremi non ha senso. Ma ci sono eccezioni. Se un adulto è incline ad azioni sconsiderate, allora ci devono essere buone ragioni per questo:
- una persona ha già sperimentato il potente meccanismo d'azione dell'ormone più volte e non può più esistere senza di essa;
- bassa autostima e complessi;
- lavoro associato al rilascio costante di adrenalina;
- predisposizione genetica.
Un vero drogato di adrenalina è una persona che, nella vita di tutti i giorni, si sente veramente miserabile e frustrato se non gli viene data l'opportunità di commettere brutti scherzi ed estremi. Una persona del genere prova qualcosa di nuovo giorno dopo giorno, perché l'ormone adrenalina viene prodotto sempre meno, e un giorno supera i limiti di ciò che è permesso. E non è più fermato da regole, leggi, principi morali, suppliche dei propri cari. Sfortunatamente, a volte la fine di questa razza di adrenalina è la morte.
Come battere la dipendenza?
Per prima cosa devi scoprire cosa manca davvero a una persona. Forse la ragione è così banale che devi solo analizzare a fondo il tuo stato mentale. Molto spesso, tutti i problemi derivano dall'infanzia. Quindi dovresti imparare a passare da un tipo di attività a un altro - questo aiuta a non rimanere impegnato in una lezione poco interessante e noiosa, dopo di che vuoi sentire l'adrenalina. E, alla fine, nuovi hobby, conoscenze e abilità, viaggi tranquilli in luoghi insoliti aiutano bene.
Adrenalina
Biochimica Caratteristiche biochimiche dell'adrenalina:
- La più grande secrezione di adrenalina si osserva con lo stress e l'attività fisica.
- Il corpo reagisce molto rapidamente all'adrenalina..
- L'adrenalina prepara il corpo a un lavoro rapido e intenso.
- L'adrenalina può agire attraverso i recettori β e α.
- Il midollo surrenale secerne nel flusso sanguigno sia l'adrenalina che la noradrenalina. Al di fuori del midollo surrenale, l'adrenalina non si forma da nessuna parte.
I principali tessuti target per l'adrenalina sono il fegato, i muscoli, il tessuto adiposo e il sistema cardiovascolare:
- Nel fegato, l'ormone aumenta la scomposizione del glicogeno in glucosio e aumenta la sua concentrazione nel sangue.
- Nei muscoli, l'adrenalina stimola la scomposizione del glicogeno in glucosio-6-fosfato, che non può fuoriuscire dalla cellula nel sangue, ma viene utilizzato dalla glicolisi per formare l'acido lattico. Pertanto, a differenza del fegato, il glucosio libero non si forma mai nei muscoli quando il glicogeno si rompe..
- Nel tessuto adiposo, l'ormone aumenta la scomposizione del grasso in acidi grassi, che è accompagnato da un aumento della loro concentrazione nel sangue.
- L'azione dell'adrenalina sul sistema cardiovascolare si manifesta nel fatto che aumenta la forza e la frequenza cardiaca, aumenta la pressione sanguigna, restringe le arteriole della pelle, le mucose e le arteriole dei glomeruli dei reni (quindi si osservano stress, pallore e anuria - cessazione della formazione di urina), ma espande i vasi sanguigni del cuore, dei muscoli e degli organi interni. Agendo attraverso il sistema circolatorio, l'adrenalina influenza quasi tutte le funzioni di tutti gli organi, a seguito della quale le forze del corpo vengono mobilitate per contrastare situazioni stressanti.
Patologia Le condizioni associate all'ipofunzione del midollo surrenale non sono descritte. L'iperfunzione di questa struttura si verifica con un tumore del feocromocitoma. Il contenuto di adrenalina nel sangue aumenta di 500 volte o più. C'è un aumento della pressione sanguigna, la concentrazione di acidi grassi e glucosio nel sangue aumenta bruscamente. L'adrenalina e il glucosio compaiono nelle urine (normalmente nelle urine non sono determinati con metodi convenzionali, il contenuto di IUD aumenta significativamente.
Adrenalina ormonale da stress: quando beneficiare e quando danneggiare
L'adrenalina è sia un ormone che un neurotrasmettitore. Cioè, interagisce con i recettori degli organi interni e dei vasi sanguigni, cambiando le loro funzioni e partecipa anche alla trasmissione degli impulsi nervosi del sistema nervoso simpatico. Formata nelle ghiandole surrenali. Uno degli ormoni che sono responsabili della risposta del corpo allo stress. La loro influenza è rivolta all'attività fisica che garantisce la sopravvivenza durante pericolosi cambiamenti nell'ambiente.
La formazione di adrenalina aumenta con tutti i fattori che il corpo percepisce come una minaccia
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大调，E大调，B大调，#F大调，#C大调。升的音是跟降号顺序相反的，fa-do-sol-re-la-mi-si.通俗点说就是：用你右手来表示，大拇指在下：下加一线C调do，下加一间是re音，一二三线mi,sol,si,一二三间fa,la,do(高音)。这样容易记忆。
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声明：本媒体部分图片、文章来源于网络，版权归原作者所有，如有侵权，请与我联系删除。Squadron Royal Canadian Air Force
> Units and Formations
Updated: 28 Oct 08
Formed: 9 Apr 1942, RAF Digby
Squadron was based at:
RAF Digby :: 9 Apr 1942 - 3 May 1942
RAF Fairwood Common :: 3 May 1942 -
Squadron code: AU
Spitfire MkVa :: Apr 1942 - May 1942
Spitfire MkVb :: May 1942 - May 1943
Spitfire MkIXb :: May 1943 -
421 Squadron RCAF was formed at RAF Digby on 9 Apr 1942 under the command of Sqn Ldr FW Kelly, with an initial complement of 11 pilots and 108 ground crew. On formation there were 17 MK VA Spitfires on charge. Although no exact record of these planes has been found these are most certainly the Spitfires left behind by the departing 601 Squadron which embarked to Malta. Two days later, Sqn Ldr Kelly tried to acquire the service of the ex-601 Sqn personnel who were on the strength of SHQ RAF Digby to service his newly-acquired aircraft. By 18 Apr he had also managed to secure 2 ex-601 Sqn pilots, Plt Off J H Murray and Sgt A R McDonald, for 421 Sqn.
After the initial period of rapid organization flying began on 23 April 1942, with sector reconnaissance, local flying, areo engine tests and formation flying. During April aircrew with no or limited operational experience, such as Flt Lt Hill, the second flight commander, were sent to fly with 411 Squadron on Circus operations over Dunkirk. By the end of the month the squadron had flown 230 hrs 40 mins. The squadron total strength was now 135 including 11 RCAF and 1 RAF officers, 15 RCAF and 1 USAF airmen.
The Sqn began to move to RAF Fairwood Common with its advance party setting off on 1 May 1942 and the balance of the ground crew on 3 May, along with 16 of the aircraft at 1100 hrs. However by 10 May it had taken over 19 MK VB cannon Spitfires on strength. The MK V planes had been used for initial training exercises during April and early May before being dispatched to other squadrons.
421 Squadron became officially operational on 13 May 1942, taking over the operational commitments of 402 Squadron and running its first operational convoy patrols on 16 May. 421 Sqn spent most of the remainder of the war based in Glamorganshire and Surrey/Kent.421 Squadron Pilots at RAF Digby and later RAF Fairwood Common.
S. Ldr F.W. KELLY
Ops records from May 13th records the following additional names -
Ops records from May 26th records the following additional names -
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疫情封锁下，毕业生们有的在沙盒游戏“我的世界”里建造校园，举办“二次元毕业典礼”；有的将依次坐吊椅上山顶，参加户外的“社交距离”毕业典礼；还有的让机器人代为穿上毕业礼服，举行颇具科技感、未来感的毕业典礼。
汤姆·汉克斯还鼓励2020届毕业生承担起责任。
“你将把过去几周，包括接下来的很多周，称作是大流行期间，新冠疫情期间，“封锁”期间，隔离期间……如果我们所有人都继续做一个优秀的公民，总有那个时候，你将继续前进到‘（疫情）之后’。‘之后’是病毒被控制之后，在我们都可以安全地出门之后，是我们再次开始充满可能性的生活之后。不过，你的‘之后’将不会跟‘之前’和‘期间’一样了。”
这场演讲中，汤姆·汉克斯将这些毕业生称为“被选中的人（chosen ones）”，除了肯定他们的努力和成就，也强调了所有人在这场抗疫中应该承担的责任。
5月20日晚间，周某及徐某先后被警方带至派出所调查。
他在演讲中说，“毫无疑问，你们的成功有着生命中其他人的帮助和爱，但你们的成功更多的是因为自己选择这么去做。你们是被选中的人，这是因为你们在开始自己莱特州立大学的冒险之时所难以想象的一种命运。你们在旧时光里开始，在2020年新冠肺炎疫情大流行之前的世界里开始。而你们以后谈到自己生命中的那些年会说，‘那是新冠疫情爆发之前，那是大流行之前’。你们生命中的一部分将被永远定义为‘之前’，这就跟其他几代人在谈到‘那是在战争之前，那是在互联网出现之前，那是在碧昂斯出现之前’一样，这个‘之前’在你们的生命中意义非凡。”
全省累计治愈出院63616例，其中：武汉市46464例、孝感市3389例、黄冈市2782例、荆州市1528例、鄂州市1335例、随州市1262例、襄阳市1135例、黄石市976例、宜昌市894例、荆门市887例、咸宁市821例、十堰市664例、仙桃市553例、天门市481例、恩施州245例、潜江市189例、神农架林区11例。
5月20日稍晚，周某获悉报警人在微博上发帖，再次来到报警人住处，称自己未对报警人施任何侵害，并向报警人出示身份证报出自名信息。双方发生争吵后周某离开。
因报警人帖文引起的舆论关注，及由此引发的“犯罪可能”猜测，警方高度重视，随即进行了详细的调查，现将调查结果通报如下：
5月18日，全省新增无症状感染者16例，转确诊1例，解除隔离67例，尚在医学观察的无症状感染者285例。据南京市公安局江宁分局消息，2020年5月20日， 警方注意到有微博用户在新浪微博发帖称在南京江宁遭遇未点餐情况下有外卖骑手上门送餐并准确报出该用户真实姓名事件，引发网友关注。经警方对此事件进行详细调查，现已查明事件始末，特此澄清相关事实，回应网络关切。USUAL DOSE. 300 mg daily in a single dose. Because the relapse rate is high, it is essential that the treatment regimen be continued for a sufficient period of time; routinely, this is considered to be 1 year for preventive therapy.
ACTION AND USE. Chloramphenicol was used extensively when first developed because it had no apparent side effects. It inhibits protein synthesis, is easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and is effective against most grampositive and gram-negative organisms, and against rickettsiae. Chloramphenicol has been recognized as highly toxic with significant hematologic side effects; i.e., bone marrow depression, anemia, and leukopenia. Currently, it is normally used only for treatment of typhoid and other salmonella, rickettsial diseases, and gram-negative bacteremia resistent to other antibiotics. Because of its serious toxic effects, it is reserved for serious infections that are not amenable to treatment with less toxic preparations.
USUAL DOSE. 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses at 6 hour intervals. The oral method is the preferred method of administration although intravenous infusion is acceptable; intramuscular injection is ineffective.
ACTION AND USE. These are the only polymixin complexes still in use. Because of their excessive nephrotoxic nature, the other polymixin complexes have been discarded. Polymixins act by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of the cell causing immediate cell death. The polymixins are bactericidal against almost all the gramnegative bacilli; they are not effective against gram-positive bacteria or fungi.
USUAL DOSE. Polymixin B sulfate is available as a parenteral preparation for intravenous or intrathecal administration; it should not be used intramuscularly. The dosage is 15,000 to 25,000 units/kg/day intravenously; 1 to 3 drops of a 0.1 to 0.25 percent solution hourly for the treatment of conjunctivitis. The preparation can also be used as an ophthalmic solution. Polymixin E sulfate (colistin) is available as an oral suspension for the treatment of diarrhea in children given at 5 to 15 mg/kg/day. It is also available as an otic suspension with neomycin and hydrocortisone for the treatment of superficial bacterial infections of the external auditory canal. The dose is 4 drops 3 or 4 times daily.
ACTION AND USE. Spectinomycin was developed with the sole therapeutic indication being the treatment of gonorrhea. It is largely bacteriostatic and quite effective in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Its advantage lies primarily in being a single dose therapy and in patients who are allergic to penicillin or have penicillin resistant strains of the causative organism. It is NOT effective in the treatment of syphilis.
USUAL DOSE. An intramuscular dose of 2 g is recommended. In areas of the world where antibiotic resistance is known to exist, the recommended dose is 4 g in a single dose in two injection sites.
ACTION AND USE. Nitrofurantoin is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, protozoa, and fungi. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the intestine but has little or no systemic effect because it is rapidly excreted through the kidneys. Its usefulness is limited to urinary tract infections where the drug attains concentration in the urine to which most organisms are sensitive. Macrodantin is a preparation of nitrofurantoin where the crystals are of a controlled size.
USUAL DOSE. Nitrofurantoin is used in the treatment of pyelonephritis, pyelitis, and cystitis. Normal dose is 50 to 100 mg 4 times daily; it should be given with meals to increase absorption and minimize gastrointestinal upset. It is contraindicated where significant renal impairment exists.
ACTION AND USE. Although not an antiinfective, phenazopyridine is included here because it is used almost exclusively in urinary tract infections. Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesic indicated for the symptomatic relief of discomforts arising from irritation of the lower 7-13The combination of two or more intervals makes a chord. Chords are ordinarily built by intervals of a third. The simplest chord type is the triad. Triads may be the basis of whole harmonic system.
Members of Triads
The names “root“, “third” and “fifth” are three members of triads. The root is also fundemental base of any chord. Regardless of any inversions, these names preserve their ability to describe triad chords’ note members.
Inversion of Triads
Lowest note of a triad determines chords’ inversion position.
If a triad has a root factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “root position“.
If a triad has a third factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “first inversion“.
If a triad has a fifth factor in lowest note, it is said to be in “second inversion“.
There are four kinds of triads. These are formed by relation of root note and other factors of triads’ interval types.
The major and minor triads are consonant chords, because they composed by consonant intervals.
Diminished and Augmented triads are dissonant, because they have diminished fifth and augmented fifth which are known as dissonant intervals.
Seventh chords are built by adding one more third interval above a triad. There are mainly four types of seventh chords.
The seventh of a Dominant chord adds a dissonant element to the chord itself, so it turns to a harmonic dissonance chord. In root position, it has a characteristic seventh interval between the root and the added note. Because of dissonance nature and resolving to root degree ability, this chords is a very important part of western music culture. It is built on a fifth degree of any tone, and builted by adding a minor third to major triad.Vicino al luogo in cui l'Infante D. Henrique, a metà del secolo. XV, ordinato di costruire una chiesa sull'invocazione di Santa Maria di Betlemme, il re D. Manuel I volle costruire un grande monastero. Per perpetuare la memoria dell'Infante, per la sua grande devozione alla Madonna e per la sua fede in San Girolamo, D. Manuel I decise di fondare nel 1496 il Monastero di Santa Maria di Belém, vicino alla città di Lisbona, vicino al fiume Tago. Donato ai monaci dell'Ordine di San Girolamo, è ora comunemente noto come Monastero di Jerónimos.
Il Monastero è un punto di riferimento culturale che non è sfuggito nemmeno agli artisti, ai cronisti o ai viaggiatori durante i suoi cinque secoli di esistenza. Era la ricezione e la sepoltura dei re, poeti successivi.Condition: Near Mint
Product Description: This is a beautiful, pristine example of a World War One German Heer Buckle. It is a wartime example, stamped from steel with an attractive field green painted finish, as stipulated by regulations of January, 1915. Virtually all of this original “Feldgrau” paint is still present; the buckle shows only the most minor traces of age and handling, and no signs of ever being worn or used. This roundel on this World War One German Heer buckle depicts the Imperial crown, surrounded by the inscription “Gott Mit Uns”- God is with us. This was the roundel used by Prussian troops. The reverse of this World War One German Heer Buckle features a textbook wartime spot welded catch, and a functional prong assembly for affixing this to a belt. There is no visible manufacturer marking. These WWI buckles have become harder to find in the last few years, and especially in this condition. Despite the passing of a century, this gorgeous buckle remains truly near mint.
Historical Description: The belt buckle was an important part of the regalia worn by all uniformed military, civil, political and paramilitary organizations during the Third Reich. The belt (“Koppel”) was part of the uniform, and would always be worn while on duty. The belt buckle (“Koppelschloss”) was generally specific to each organization, with many organizations having separate belt buckles for officers and for enlisted personnel, sometimes with different colors and finishes to further denote specific purposes. The buckles were adorned with various mottos and designs specific to the organizations for which they were intended. Many designs used the German national eagle emblem, in a variety of forms. Belt buckles were worn with uniforms ranging from finely tailored officer parade uniforms, to the issue uniforms of enlisted soldiers in combat. Generally speaking, most German belt buckles of the Third Reich were made with two prongs on the reverse, to allow the buckle to be worn and adjusted on a belt. The buckle had a catch that would mate with a hook on the belt, when worn. The earliest Third Reich buckles were often made of brass, or nickel silver. Later, aluminum became very common, and was used on private purchase as well as enlisted buckles of the German military, with or without a painted or plated finish. After WWII began, most enlisted military buckles were steel. Nazi belt buckles were popular souvenirs for Allied troops who served in Europe. Some types were made by the millions and remain quite common today. Others were made in limited numbers and are very rare.
We are the leading team of military antique specialists. We have specialized in military antiques for over 25 years.
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صرفه جویى در وقت، درک پیام هاى اصلى نوشته.
به همین دلیل خلاصه نویس باید جوهرِ مطالب نوشته را استخراج کند.
روشهای خلاصه نویسی
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844. 14. Kinshasha Holman Conwill, Mary Schmidt Campbell, and Sharon F. Patton, Memory and Metaphor (The Studio Museum in Harlem, New York, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1991), pp. 18-19. 15. Ibid., p. 39. 16. Ibid., p. 4. 17. Ibid., p. 69. 18. Ellen Harkins Wheat, Jacob Lawrence American Painter (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 1981), p. 23. 19. Ibid., pp. 15-18. 20. Ibid., p. 24. 21. Elton C. Fax, Seventeen Black Artists (New York: Dodd, Mead, and Co., 1971), pp. 188-194. 22. Ibid., pp. 9-10. 23. Faith Ringgold, Tar Beaches (New York: Crown Publishers, Inc., 1991), p. 26. 24. Tradition and Conflict (The Studio Museum in Harlem: Images of a Turbulent Decade 1963-1973: Jan. 26-June 3, 1985), p. 60. 25. J. Albright et al., The Appropriate Object (Buffalo, New York: Knox Art Gallery, The Buffalo Fine Arts Academy, 1989), pp. 57-58. 26. Ibid. pp. 51-53.
Campbell, Mary Schmidt, David Driskell, David Levering Lewis, and Deborah Willis Ryan. 1987. Harlem Renaissance Art of Black America. The Studio Museum in Harlem. New York: Harry H. Abrams, Inc.
|Conwell, Kinshasha Holman, Mary Schmidt Campbell, and Sharon F. Patton. 1991. Memory and Metaphor. The Studio Museum in||Harlem. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.|
Fax, Elton C. 1971. Seventeen Black Artists. Dodd, Mead, and Co., New York.
Fine, Elsa Honig. 1973. The Afro-American Artist. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc.
Garraty, John A. 1966. The American Nation. New York and London: Harper & Row, Inc.
“New Ways to Battle Biases: Fight Acts, Not Feelings.” New York Times, 1 6 July 1991, pp. C1 and C4.
Prown, Jules David. 1982. “Mind in Matter.” Winterthur Portfolio, Vol. 17, #1 (Spring 1982), 1-19.
Ringgold, Faith. 1991. Tar Beaches. New York: Crown Publishers, Inc.
Tradition and Conflict. 1985. Images of a Turbulent Decade 1963-1973. Jan. 26-June 3, 1985. The Studio Museum in Harlem.
Wallace, Barbara, et al. Faith Ringgold, Twenty Years of Painting, Sculpture and Performance (1963-1983). New York City: The Studio Museum in Harlem, 1984.
Wheat, Ellen Harkins. 1981. Jacob Lawrence: American Painter. Seattle and London: University of Washington Press.
———. Old Snuff Dipper, 1928. National Archives, Washington, D.C. (Harmon Foundation).
———. Blues, 1929. Collection of the Artist.
———. Parisian Street Scene, 1929. Schomburg Collection. New York Public Library.
Johnson, William H. Still Life, 1921-26. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. Self-Portrait, 1929. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. Harbor Under the Midnight Sun, 1935-38. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. Mt. Calvary, 1939. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. Chain Gang, 1939-40. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. I Baptize Thee, 1940. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
———. Woman Ironing, 1941. Washington, D.C. National Museum of American Art.
Beardon, Romare. The Prevalence of Ritual: Baptism, 1964. Washington, D.C. Hirshhorn.
———. Patchwork Quilt, 1970. New York. Metropolitan Museum of Art.
———. She-Ba, 1976. Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut.
———. Visitor, 1976. Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Richard Doerer, Grosse Pointe, Michigan.
———. Sunset Limited, 1978. Collection of Ute and Gerhard Stebich, Plainfield, Massachusetts.
Lawrence, Jacob. Toussaint L’Ouverture series, 1938. No. 26 (Sword Fight). Nashville, Tennessee. Fisk University.
———. Migration the Negro series, 1940-41: no. 15. Another cause was lynching, Washington, D.C. Phillips Collection.
———. Ironers, 1943. New York. Brooklyn Museum.
———. Parade, 1960. Washington, D.C. Hirahhorn Museum.
———. The Studio, 1977. New York. Brooklyn Museum.
———. Hiroshima Series, 1983. No. 7: Boy with Kite. Collection of the Artist.
Ringgold, Faith. U. S. Postage Stamp commemorating The Advent of Black Power, 1967.
———. Weeping Woman #2, 1973. Yale Color. Dup. Ann Gibson.
———. Woman on the Bridge series, 1988. Dancing on George Washington Bridge. New York. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum.
———. Woman on the Bridge series, 1988. The Winner. New York. Solomon R. Guggenhelm Museum.
———. Bitter rest Part I: Love in the Schoolyard. 1988. Yale Color. Dup. Ann Gibson.
———. Bitter rest Part IV: The Letter. 1988. Dup. Ann Gibson.
Saar, Betye. Nine Mojo Secrets, 1971. Collection of O. Adderley, Los Angeles.
———. Spiritcatcher, 1976-77. Yale Color. Exhibit Catalogue, “Rituals” Studio Museum in Harlem.
———. The Birds and the Beasts Were There, 1976. Washington, D.C. Hirshhorn.
———. The Guardian: Water, 1977. Yale Color. “Rituals” Studio Museum in Harlem.
Cornell, Joseph. A Swan Lake for Tamara Toumanova, 1946. Private collection.
———. Lunar Space Object, late fifties. Collection of R. and D. Brown, New York.
———. Medici Slot Machine (no date). Artist’s collection.
Contents of 1991 Volume II | Directory of Volumes | Index | Yale-New Haven Teachers Institute葡萄牙Montepio集团主席Tomás António Correia说，安哥拉Finibanco银行重塑品牌形象的计划，已经开始，目标是向Montepio银行的价值靠拢，但该品牌仅用于安哥拉国内。
Correia告诉葡萄牙卢萨通讯社：“‘平等、团结、负责’等价值，应从安哥拉市场的独特环境中找到结合点，把社会福祉和金融机构的专业道德两种价值，融汇到银行品牌中去。”
他又说：“收购安哥拉Finibanco银行，是Montepio战略计划的一部分，战略目标之一，是透过在（安哥拉）这个经济上升中的国家，推动国际商业活动，以拓宽收入来源。”
2010年夏收购Finibanco银行后，Montepio拥有该行的大部分股权。Correia说，项目“一直按计划进行”。
Correia指出：“从便利人民享用银行服务、是葡萄牙企业其中一个主要市场，可提高它作为银行业务增长的理想投资国这地位等角度看，安哥拉经济正显现真实的增长潜力。”
安哥拉Finibanco银行成立于2007年，Finibanco控股SGPS占60%股权，其余40%由安哥拉股东持有。(macauhub)در این مقاله، به بررسی ویژگی ها و مزایا، نکات استفاده و پیشنهاداتی در مورد استفاده از مایع ظرفشویی کوچک می پردازیم.
شستشوی ظروف یکی از وظایف روزمره هر خانواده است.
اما در برخی مواقع، مانند مسافرت ها، کمپینگ یا زندگی در آپارتمان های کوچک، فضای کافی برای استفاده از یک ماشین ظرفشویی موجود نیست.
در این موارد، مایع ظرفشویی کوچک می تواند راه حلی عالی باشد.
بخش 1: ویژگی ها و مزایا
1.1. حجم کوچک:
یکی از ویژگی های بارز مایع ظرفشویی کوچک، حجم کم آن است.
این به شما اجازه می دهد تا آن را به راحتی در کیف پشتی یا چمدان خود جا بدهید و با خیالی آسوده سفر کنید.
1.2. قابلیت استفاده در همه شرایط:
مایع ظرفشویی کوچک عموماً در تنظیمات آب سرد یا گرم قابل استفاده است، به همین دلیل می توانید آن را به راحتی در هر مکان استفاده کنید؛
از اقامتگاه های تعطیلاتی گرفته تا ماشین ظرفشویی مورد نیاز در خانه های کوچک.
1.3. کارایی بالا:
علاوه بر حجم کوچک، مایع ظرفشویی کوچک همچنین دارای قدرت شستشوی بالایی است.
این به معنای این است که حتی در مواجهه با ظروف چرب و سخت، می توانید از مایع ظرفشویی کوچک بهره ببرید و نتیجه های مطلوب را بدست آورید.
بخش 2: نکات استفاده
2.1. رقیق کردن مایع:
معمولاً مایع ظرفشویی کوچک با رقیق کردن در آب قابل استفاده است.
زمانی که از آن استفاده کنید، توصیه می شود بر اساس راهنمایی های تولید کننده مقدار مورد استفاده را تعیین کنید تا بهترین نتیجه را بدست آورید.
2.2. شستشوی دستی:
همچنین، استفاده از مایع ظرفشویی کوچک نیاز به شستشوی دستی ظروف دارد.
بهتر است قبل از شروع به شستشو، ظروف را از لکه های قوی پیش شستشو دهید و سپس با استفاده از اب و مایع ظرفشویی کوچک آن ها را شستشو دهید.
بخش 3: پیشنهادات استفاده
3.1. استفاده از مایع و ظرف کوچک قبل از خروج از خانه:
اگر قصد دارید برای مدتی دور از خانه باشید، بهتر است قبل از خروج از خانه از مایع ظرفشویی کوچک و ظروف کوچک استفاده کنید.
این کار به شما کمک خواهد کرد تا به راحتی ظروف خود را شستشو دهید و در هر زمانی که نیاز داشتید از آن ها استفاده کنید.
3.2. استفاده در طبیعت:
اگر در ارتفاعات یا در فضاهای طبیعی با کمبود منابع آب زندگی می کنید، مایع ظرفشویی کوچک می تواند یک راه حل عالی باشد.
با استفاده از آن می توانید ظروف خود را با حداقل استفاده از آب شستشو دهید و باعث حفظ محیط زیست نیز شوید.
نتیجه گیری:
مایع ظرفشویی کوچک یک راه حل عالی برای شستشوی ظروف در فضاهای محدود است.
با وجود حجم کوچک و کارایی بالا آن، مایع ظرفشویی کوچک را می توان به راحتی در سفرها، مکان های کوچک و در فضاهای طبیعی استفاده کرد.
با رعایت نکات استفاده و پیشنهاداتی که در این مقاله بیان شد، می توانید از بهترین نتیجه ها بر خوردار شوید و ظروفتان را به خوبی تمیز کنید.
بخش 4: محصولات پرطرفدار مایع ظرفشویی کوچک
4.1. مارکت های معتبر:
در بازار مایع ظرفشویی، مارکت های معتبری وجود دارد که این مایع ظرفشویی با کیفیت و قدرت شستشو را تولید می کنند.
برندهای معروف مثل Finish، Palmolive و Dawn محصولاتی را به عنوان مایع ظرفشویی کوچک عرضه می کنند.
پیش از خرید، بهتر است نظرات کاربران را مطالعه کنید و به مارکت های معتبر توجه کنید.
4.2. تنوع در بسته بندی:
مایع ظرفشویی کوچک در انواع بسته بندی ها ارائه می شود.
بسته بندی های یکبار مصرف مناسب برای مسافرت ها و کمپینگ هستند،
در حالی که بسته بندی های با ظرفیت بیشتر برای استفاده در آپارتمان های کوچک و مکان های محدود مناسب هستند.
4.3. محافظت از محیط زیست:
برخی از مایع ظرفشویی کوچک حاوی مواد زیست تخریب پذیر یا غیر سمی هستند.
این محصولات باعث کاهش آلودگی زیست محیطی می شوند و می توانند در حفظ محیط زیست کمک کنند.
نکته: قبل از استفاده از هر مایع ظرفشویی، بهتر است اطلاعات محصولات را بررسی کنید و از محصولات با مجوز و ایمنی استفاده کنید.
بخش 5: نکات امنیتی
5.1. نگهداری در جای خشک و خنک:
بهتر است مایع ظرفشویی کوچک را در محیط خشک و خنک نگه دارید، دور از دسترس دست کودکان.
5.2. استفاده با دقت:
از آنجایی که مایع ظرفشویی حاوی مواد شیمیایی قوی است، بهتر است آن را با دقت و با رعایت دستورالعمل ها استفاده کنید.
از تماس مستقیم با پوست، چشمان و دستان خود جلوگیری کنید و در صورت بروز هرگونه تحسین درد یا آسیب، به پزشک مراجعه کنید.
نتیجه گیری:
مایع ظرفشویی کوچک یک راه حل عالی و عملی برای شستشوی ظروف در فضاهای محدود است.
با توجه به ویژگی ها و مزایای آن، نکات استفاده و پیشنهادات امنیتی، می توانید بهترین نتیجه را در شستشوی ظروف خود بدست آورید.Toca Lab is a great, new iPad app that teaches all 118 elements of the periodic table. While the periodic table in Toca Lab is accurate, the way new elements are created is not. Instead, it’s a fun way to experiment, discover and create curiosity in the world of science. Toca Lab is just a starting point for further exploration! Taco Lab does cost $4.19 right now in the Apple App Store but I do think younger students that are interested in chemistry will benefit from such a fun, interactive app. If you’d like to download this app just click on the image to the right.India is often dubbed as capitalism’s miracle, democracy’s great success story. But the vast majority of the masses have been drenched in misery and poverty.
India’s increasing ‘middle class’ of over 300 million contrasts starkly with the reality that India 30 years ago was home to one-fifth of the world’s poor, and today it is home to almost one-third of the world’s poor. At present, 29.8 percent of the Indian population lives below government’s poverty line comprising of those whose daily income is less than 28.65 rupees. According to UNICEF, a third of the world’s malnourished children are Indian. Another data also shows that 42 percent of children in the country under the age of five are underweight while 58 percent of children in the same age range were stunted. India has three million households with over $100,000 of investable funds yet that is merely 1.25 percent of the total households. India’s growth of 7.9 percent will not mask its poverty alleviation, which is 0.8 percent negative, virtually the same figure as it was 20 years ago.
Social commentator, Colin Todhunter, explains, “The issue of poverty keeps rearing its inconvenient head in India. The Planning Commission tends to keep on shifting the poverty line, but it is always at a ludicrously low level, which underestimates the numbers actually living in poverty. But playing fast and loose with India’s poverty line has almost become a trendy pastime. The truth is that poverty is an embarrassment to many of India’s filthily rich ruling elite, who like to portray the country as an emerging superpower, with its space programme, sophisticated weaponry, sports towns, growth figures, Formula 1 race track and gleaming malls.”
With 75 percent of the population living on less than two dollars a day, the influence of western agribusiness is regressive as can be seen with over 200,000 farmers’ suicides and large parts of the country under military law in this ‘largest democracy’ in the world. Deceit and hypocrisy have become norms of Indian elites politics. Money decides the outcomes and governments in India.韩朝今天将举行红十字会会谈 磋商离散家属问题
逆袭专注计划:韩朝今天将举行红十字会会谈 磋商离散家属问题
“你确定这里有韦兰先生想要的？”
巧合？伊森绝对不会这么以为。
身为经历过神王宙斯时代的亚马逊女王，希波吕忒知道平行宇宙并不奇怪，同时她也应该知道阿瑞斯没有能力穿过位面壁垒去另一个世界追杀戴安娜。
“这么多宇宙垃圾，要不要帮你处理一下？”逆袭专注计划
就在美狄亚思考着要不要直接撤退的时候，她的御主已经现身。
“我平时喜欢看
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台湾商务印书馆从经销总馆图书的分馆一变而为出版机构，一面开始出版新书，一面重版总馆出版的书刊，但当时书种难求、市场有限，只有惨淡经营。从1950年到1963年，台湾商务印书馆每年出版新书与重版书，共计不过数十种，营业所得，勉强维持日常开支。
王云五认为造成营业小的主要原因是缺乏从事出版计划的资金。为增加营业收入，他制定台湾商务印书馆的出版方针，以最初两年尽量整理重印大陆商务印书馆出版的有用图书，自第三年起，开始印行新著译的图书。
在争取到主动翻印商务印书馆本版书的地位后，王云五一面零星选择重印，以增进营业，一面对过去曾经畅销一时而今仍属有用的大部头丛书着手研究。王云五看到，《万有文库》在台湾奇缺，于是从两集4000册图书中，删除内容陈旧或不合时宜者，重新选辑1200册，编为《万有文库荟要》。该书包含各种门类，宛似一小图书馆，推出之后，极受各界欢迎，从1964年12月开始预约发售，到1965年4月，已销售400余部，台湾商务印书馆声威重振。继《万有文库荟要》之后，王云五为台湾商务印书馆重印了《四部丛刊初编缩本》 《丛书集成简编》 《汉译世界名著甲编》 《国学基本丛书四百种》 《百衲本二十四史》等书。台湾在光复之前内地图书流传不多，这些图书适时补充了文化资源的需求，因而大都很畅销。
王云五一直主张：出版家能够推进与否，必须视其有无创造性的出版物。因此，重印旧版书一年多后，王云五决定提前筹划新出版物。除《云五社会科学大辞典》等工具书外，王云五策划的新书以丛书为最多，著名的丛书有《人人文库》 《各科研究小丛书》 《古籍今注今译》 《新科学文库》等。《人人文库》从1966年7月迄1990年6月止，共出版二十四年，出书逾2000种，多达2440余册，读者颇得实惠，因此风行一时。从某种意义上来说，该文库对促进学术、普及文化起到了一定的作用。
在国故整理方面，王云五早年在大陆商务印书馆时期创编《学生国学丛书》，就我国的古籍，每书各选其精要，详加阐释，并于导言中说明全书的大要。此种整理方式虽有助于学生课外大量阅读，但也不免留下对整本书未窥全豹的遗憾。为弥补《学生国学丛书》的遗憾，台湾商务印书馆在王云五入主后出版了对全书都加以整理的《资治通鉴今注》。该书成功出版发行后，王云五几经考虑，于1967年秋决定编纂《古籍今注今译》。这一丛书极大地方便了对于国学的阅读与研究。
王云五主持台湾商务印书馆将近十六年，这是他一生出版事业中另一个辉煌时期，也是他个人著述最为高产的时期。这一时期他对自己的过去多有总结，其中比较重要的专著有：《岫庐八十自述》（1967年）、《商务印书馆与新教育年谱》（1973年）、《岫庐最后十年自述》（1977年）。这些专著内容涉及学术、文化、教育、出版以及社会政治等方方面面。
辞职挂冠
陈诚在任期间多次萌发辞职之念，不甘心做有职无权的高官。陈诚消极避让，无意过问“行政院”事务，这正是王云五担当重任的极好机会。但是，王云五对为官生涯也产生倦意，去意彷徨，又脱不了身。对于公务，他不再全力以赴，于是萌发了自撰年谱的念头。王云五写作的特点之一是，叙述评论不厌其详，大量引用文件、信函及报告速记等档案资料。他一旦决定写自撰年谱，势必投入大量精力收集整理各类资料，只能把公务放到次要的地位了。
王云五于1963年2月开始写自撰年谱，自取其名为《岫庐自撰年谱稿》，行文较为随意，未曾出版。他后来撰写并出版的《岫庐八十自述》中，大量采用了《岫庐自撰年谱稿》中的文字。王云五自撰年谱，为后人研究他本人，以及商务印书馆历史和台湾社会政治保存了大量珍贵文献。其作用与贡献，是他的“政绩”所无法比拟的。自撰年谱需要投入大量精力和时间，而且写作过程本身使他恢复了对自由生活的向往，于是他下定决心辞去官职，遂于1963年6月24日致书陈诚，力请辞去“行政院”副院长之职。
在他提交辞职书后的第三天，即1963年6月26日，陈诚正式向蒋介石提出辞去“行政院”院长之职。陈诚为了自己能顺利辞去此职，将王云五的辞职书扣下。蒋介石挽留陈诚，同时再给他一个月假期，命王云五代理院长职务。欲罢不能，使王云五感到很苦恼。10月23日他又拟就第二份辞职书，未获批准。后因陈诚坚辞院长，蒋介石遂同意王云五辞去副院长，理由是任何他人组阁，在资望上皆不便屈王云五为副，又因为王云五不是国民党员，不便让他当“行政院长”来组阁，只能允其辞职。辞职后的王云五，被聘为“总统府”资政。所谓“总统府”资政，只是一个虚职，在蒋介石认为需要时，提供些政见方面的建议而已。
在其他一些问题上，王云五的观点与国民党最高当局的政策也有较大的分歧，他的意见一再被否决，使其从1960年就萌发了退出政坛的念头。
王云五辞去“行政院”的职务之后，虽然仍虚挂着“资政”的头衔，常托故不参加有关的咨询会议。1972年5月6日，他致函张群，以“久病未愈”为托词，请辞“总统府外交综合组”副召集人的虚职，并表示今后不再参加讨论。对于一届“国大”第五、六次会议，他也虚与委蛇，一般讨论不参加，仅在关键时刻受当局力邀，才出面主持。1972年3月21日第五次“国大”举行“总统”选举会议，由王云五任大会主席，蒋介石以“全票”当选“第五届总统”。1978年3月21日王云五应邀主持第六次“国大”的“总统”选举，蒋经国当选。“总统”选举前后的许多会议，王云五大多不参加。
王云五为什么是战犯
在长达半个世纪的时间里，王云五是负面色彩较浓的人物。年轻人对他了解不多，虽然在1948年新华社发布的43名国民党战犯名单中，他被列为第15号战犯。同时，他又是一个典型的商人。文化商人虽然近年地位看涨，但在中国社会里拿笔杆子的文人仍会有所保留。这就是王云五的尴尬处。
此岸判定王先生为战犯，彼岸却称之为世界一流的出版家。“历史的轮回，总有事情发生常常让后人感慨万千”。
直到晚年，王云五回忆起这段历史，还说当时他加入民国政府是“一念之误”。但历史是不能重来的，正是那“一念之误”，使他失去了坚持独立人格的原则；也是那“一念之误”，使他在任财政部长期间，因为金圆券事件身处窘境，最终引咎辞职；还是那“一念之误”，使他在一九四九年前后，中国共产党陆续公布“国民党战犯名单”中，他的名字赫然在列，位居第十五位。
王云五子女
王云五有两位妻子、七子二女和四十多位孙子和外孙，他的子孙多旅居国外。他的两位夫人是姐妹俩，徐净圃、徐馥圃。子女九人，除一女早逝外，其余也均为国际闻名的学者、专家。大儿子学理，德国柏林工业大学博士；二儿子学武，工程博士；三儿子学政，在美从商；四儿子学农，牙医博士，香港；五儿子学哲，法理学博士；六儿子学艺，神经外科博士；七儿子学善，医学博士。大女儿学文早逝；二女儿学医，医学博士。Note: This message is displayed if (1) your browser is not standards-compliant or (2) you have you disabled CSS. Read our Policies for more information.
Assessment allows IDEM to identify waterbodies that are not managed consistently with the NPS program objectives, including federal lands. The assessment process satisfies Key Element No. 7 in the NPS Program and Grants Guidance issued by U.S. EPA.
Water quality data analyzed by IDEM’s Assessment Branch and other state agencies is used to assess water quality for Indiana’s Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment Report (IR). The IR identifies the waters that fail to meet Indiana’s water quality standards. The IR is published in even-numbered years and includes the Section 305(b) water quality report and consolidated list. The objective of the IR is to report the number of stream miles, coastline miles, and lake acres that do not meet designated uses so that remediation or restoration programs can be implemented. The IR contains waterbody specific assessments for all designated uses, and comprehensive basin-wide assessments for aquatic life use. Waterbodies that do not meet the state’s water quality standards for one or more designated uses are considered impaired and are placed on Indiana’s 303(d) List of Impaired Waters, Category 5 of the Consolidated List published with the IR.
Assessing the effectiveness of the overall statewide NPS program will combine the results from project or watershed evaluations with the broader regional or statewide evaluations. The results will include trends in water quality, aquatic biological conditions, target audience knowledge of NPS problems, and other environmental and social indicators. Presently, the assessment approach includes results from ambient water chemistry monitoring, fish and macro invertebrate 0 surveys, fish tissue analysis, sediment chemistry sampling, habitat assessments, visual observations, photographs, watershed land use assessments, and limited social and behavioral information. Data generated from the monitoring activities may, when available, be used to assess watersheds and determine their baseline results and trends.به گزارش گروه صنعت، معدن و تجارت ویکی پی جی
به نقل از باشگاه خبرنگاران جوان
،در روزهای پایانی کار دولت یازدهم موضوعی بسیار قابل توجه مطرح شد و آن طرح تفکیک سه وزارتخانه “راه و شهرسازی”، “ورزش و جوانان ” و “وزارت صنعت معدن و تجارت” بود که حسینعلی امیری معاون پارلمانی رئیس جمهور از تنظیم لوایح موضوع یاد شده سخن گفت.
تصمیمی که بسیار سوال برانگیز بود و تاکنون دلیل خاصی برای آن گفته نشده که البته گستردگی وظایف این وزارتخانه ها مهمترین دلیل برای این تصمیم می تواند باشد. اما به نظر می رسد این تصمیم نیز برای رسیدن به اهداف کوتاه مدت مورد توجه قرار گرفته و همچنان فقدان کلان نگری در تصمیمات و سیاست گذاری ها دیده می شود.
دولت دهم با استناد به ماده ۵۳ قانون برنامه پنجم توسعه با هدف چابک سازی نظام اداری تصمیم به ادغام وزارتخانه های یاد شده کرد و با وجود مخالفت ها بالاخره نظر مثبت مجلس شورای اسلامی را جلب و این طرح را اجرا کرد، اما حتی اگر اقدام دولت قبل اشتباه هم بوده باشد سوال اینجاست که چرا بعد از ۶ سال حال دوباره تصمیم به تفکیک گرفته شده و دولت به نوعی عقب گرد می کند.
در این بین اما حرف و حدیث ها پیرامون تفکیک وزارت صنعت معدن تجارت بیش از دو وزارتخانه دیگر است و احیای دوباره وزارت بازرگانی اگر چه مهم و ضروری به نظر می رسد، اما برخی کارشناسان معتقدند که معدن هم حوزه وسیعی است و با توجه به اهمیت نیاز به تاسیس یک وزارتخانه جداگانه و مستقل از وزارت صنعت دارد.
لزوم توجه بیشتر به بخش معدن
در همین خصوص بیژن پناهیزاده معاون خانه صنعت، معدن و تجارت ایران، در ارتباط با احیای مجدد وزارت بازرگانی و منفک شدن وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت، اظهار کرد: عدهای به دنبال این هستند که وزارت بازرگانی را مجددا احیا کرده و وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت به حالت قبل باز گردد.
وی با اشاره به اینکه اگر وزارت بازرگانی مجددا احیاء شود مشکلات قبل از سال ۱۳۸۹ دوباره تکرار خواهد شد، اظهار کرد:اگر فقط جداکردن یک بخش از وزارت صمت مدنظر است،معدن در اولویت قرار دارد و باید از وزارت صنعت جدا شود.
معاون خانه صنعت، معدن و تجارت ایران با بیان اینکه مسائل مربوط به معادن با حوزه منابع طبیعی و سازمان حفاظت از محیط زیست تداخل داشته و به یکدیگر مربوط هستند، پیشنهاد داد: بهتر است منابع طبیعی و حتی سازمان حفاظت از محیط زیست در بخشی تحت عنوان وزارت معدن تجمیع شوند و مطمئنا با بی توجهی نسبت به مشکلات معادن در کشور با مسائل بیشتری در این حوزه مواجه خواهیم بود.
پناهی زاده ضمن بیان اینکه در گذشته وزارت بازرگانی به واردات نسبت به صادرات توجه بیشتری داشت، عنوان کرد: وزارت بازرگانی تعرفهها را تعیین میکرد و کاری با مقوله تولید نداشت، اما امروزه شاهد این هستیم که با ادغام وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت تعرفههای وارداتی براساس تولید داخلی در نظر گرفته میشود.
وزارت معدن به جای وزارت بازرگانی
داریوش اسماعیلی نایب رئیس کمیسیون صنعت مجلس شورای اسلامی در گفتگو با خبرنگارصنعت،تجارت و کشاورزی
در خصوص تفکیک وزارت صنعت،معدن و تجارت و احیای دوباره وزارت بازرگانی گفت: ادغام وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت تصمیم درستی بود، اما کارهایی که باید در این خصوص انجام میشد مدنظر قرار نگرفت تا آسیبهایی به بخش صنعت و معدن وارد شود و اکنون با توجه به حجم عظیم فعالیت این وزارتخانه تفکیک آن ضروری به نظر می رسد.
وی افزود: برای تفکیک وزارت صنعت باید اولویت بندی صورت گیرد و در این بین معدن بدلیل اینکه ظرفیت بالایی دارد و بسیار عریض و طویل است باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد و می توان یک وزارت خانه جداگانه برای آن تاسیس نمود.
نایب رئیس کمیسیون صنعت مجلس با اشاره به اینکه معدن در سالهای گذشته از کانون توجه مغفول مانده، اظهار داشت: بی توجهی به بخش معدن به دلیل گستردگی وظایف وزارت صنعت است و با کمیسیون مشترک مجلس متشکل از نماینده ۴ کمیسیون صنایع و معادن، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و برنامه بودجه طرح تفکیک بخش بازرگانی از صنعتی و معدنی را بررسی خواهد شد.
وی تاکید کرد: وزارت صنعت تمرکز مناسبی روی بخش صنایع معدنی داشته، اکتشاف از طریق ایدرو و الکترونیکی کردن خدمات معدنی نیز در این بخش به اجرا گذاشته شده،اما وجود یک وزارت خانه مستقل برای معدن الزامی است.
نگرانی تولیدکنندگان از احیای وزارت بازرگانی
عبدالله رضیان عضو کمیسیون صنایع و معادن مجلس شورای اسلامی در گفتگو با خبرنگار صنعت،تجارت و کشاورزی
در خصوص تفکیک وزارت صنعت ،م
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ca di Jang Song Thaek, il famigerato “zio sbranato dai cani” che fin dai tardi anni ’80 faceva segretamente incetta di metalli rari e fondi con cui tentò di alimentare un’economia parallela da far emergere dopo un eventuale golpe: «Jang coltivava il folle sogno che, una volta conquistato il potere con vili stratagemmi, il suo vero volto di spregevole “riformista” noto al mondo esterno avrebbe aiutato il suo “nuovo governo” ad ottenere il “riconoscimento” dei paesi stranieri», si legge nel comunicato relativo alla sua esecuzione[26].
Pochi mesi dopo l’epurazione fu convocata l’8ª Conferenza dei lavoratori ideologici del partito, che lanciò una capillare offensiva di propaganda e agitazione contro i rimasugli della frazione sconfitta e le influenze occidentali, entrata a buon diritto negli annali della rivoluzione coreana. «Urge calare una doppia e tripla “zanzariera” per impedire al veleno capitalista tenacemente inoculato dal nemico di attraversare i nostri confini», disse allora il supremo leader, riprendendo una metafora in uso dai tardi anni ’80[27]: la zanzariera simboleggia la condotta selettiva della Corea del Nord nei rapporti con l’estero, per cui le ideologie ostili al socialismo e le mode decadenti vanno tenute alla larga, mentre ben vengano la tecnologia avanzata e gli apporti positivi della cultura straniera.
In questa strategia rientrano le zone economiche speciali aperte agli investitori stranieri. La prima fu istituita a Rason nel 1993, per attutire gli effetti del crollo del mercato socialista, mentre la legge sulle joint venture risale addirittura al 1984, quando il commercio estero del paese risentiva della trappola del debito. Nel 2002 fu avviata la collaborazione con i vicini meridionali nel distretto industriale di Kaesong e nell’area turistica del monte Kumgang, nel 2011 fu la volta diHwanggumphyong e delle Isole Wihwa, al confine con la Cina.
Queste misure vennero portate avanti senza mai abbassare la guardia o perdere di vista la natura di classe dei partner commerciali. «Nessuno al mondo è più avaro di un capitalista», ammoniva il caro leader. «Gli imperialisti e i capitalisti non fanno mai dono di nulla a nessuno. Se ci offrono un regalo, lo fanno con un secondo fine. Per natura costoro causano le malattie e poi vendono le medicine. Non bisogna mai lasciarsi sedurre dalle loro promesse di aiuto finanziario. Occorre vigilanza anche nello scambio di delegazioni scientifiche con i paesi imperialisti»[28].
Rispettare la disciplina del piano ed accettare le transazioni solo se vantaggiose per il paese: queste sono le linee guida fissate da Kim Jong Il nei rapporti economici con l’estero e seguite da Kim Jong Un, che peraltro ha stroncato sul nascere il tentativo di svendere le preziose risorse naturali della Corea agli investitori cinesi messo in atto da Jang Song Thaek. Il nuovo leader non ha istituito nuove zone economiche speciali, situate in precise località a ridosso dei confini, bensì numerosi centri di sviluppo economico aperti ai capitali stranieri sparsi all’interno del paese: 14 furono creati nel 2013, 7 nel 2014, 3 nel 2015, e l’ultimo è stato annunciato nel dicembre 2017. Le leggi che regolano il funzionamento di questi centri, promulgate dall’Assemblea popolare suprema tra il marzo 2013 e il maggio 2014, sono consultabili nella sezione di Economia&Commercio estero del sito Naenara. Si tratta di normative molte severe in materia di protezione dell’ambiente e di tutela dei diritti dei lavoratori, ai cui fondi sociali per la costruzione di scuole e circoli ricreativi sono chiamati a contribuire anche gli investitori stranieri; la violazione di queste leggi, accanto alla multa, comporta la confisca del profitto conseguito illegalmente e talvolta dell’intera proprietà. Chi intende arricchirsi inquinando il territorio e sfruttando la popolazione non è dunque il benvenuto, mentre i partner commerciali onesti sono attirati da un regime fiscale particolarmente favorevole: l’imposta sugli utili è solo del 20%, o addirittura del 10% nei settori ad alta tecnologia, nell’ammodernamento delle infrastrutture e nella ricerca scientifica[29]. Gli stipendi dei lavoratori in questi centri di sviluppo economico non solo contribuiscono alle entrate statali ma, grazie alla summenzionata abolizione del doppio cambio, costituiscono una notevole fonte di reddito per i diretti interessati, che possono comprare beni di lusso in appositi supermercati statali – inquadrati anche nel documentario The Propaganda Game di Alvaro Longoria – che operano in valuta estera, la quale ritorna così nelle casse dello Stato.
Proprio questi sono gli obiettivi: procurarsi valuta forte, apprendere migliori tecniche di business ed acquisire tecnologia avanzata da utilizzare nell’ambito del reverse engineering di cui i nordcoreani si sono rilevati maestri, sia con i missili che con i telefoni cellulari. A questo punto il lettore avrà l’impressione di un epocale cambiamento, di un’apertura più controllata di quella cinese ma non meno vasta e imponente; e invece solo l’1,2% delle entrate nel bilancio statale proviene dalle joint venture, complici i rigori della legge e le sanzioni che periodicamente fanno saltare i contratti con i fornitori[30], e soprattutto perché il fulcro della politica economica del partito è altrove, come specificato da Kim Jong Un allo storico Plenum del marzo 2013, quando annunciò la nuova linea strategica di sviluppo parallelo: «Il nostro metodo, che incarna le idee del Juché, deve attenersi alla proprietà socialista dei mezzi di produzione ed assicurare che tutte le imprese conducano le attività economiche in modo indipendente e creativo sotto la direzione unitaria dello Stato. Dev’essere un metodo socialista che incoraggi le masse dei produttori ad assolvere il ruolo di padroni della produzione e della gestione e ad assumersi le responsabilità che questa funzione comporta»[31].
Oggetto delle riforme non sono quindi i rapporti di produzione socialisti che nessuno si sogna di mettere in discussione, bensì il sistema e il metodo di gestione delle imprese socialiste; occorreva un’armonica combinazione del piano centrale con l’iniziativa delle singole unità economiche, che non è data a priori una volta per tutte ma va studiata ed elaborata per via sperimentale. Gli esperimenti cominciarono nel settore agricolo con le misure del 28 giugno 2012 e poi furono estesi all’industria con un provvedimento del 15 agosto 2013; l’esito favorevole di questi primi tentativi spinse il governo ad elaborare un sistema ancora più avanzato, entrato in vigore su scala nazionale il 30 maggio 2014, al quale Kim Jong Un si è spesso richiamato nei discorsi per il nuovo anno e nel rapporto al congresso: «Il sistema di responsabilità aziendale socialista sarà applicato con giudizio. Le fabbriche, le imprese e le cooperative devono definire strategie gestionali oculate, conformi alle esigenze di questo sistema, e svolgere le attività economiche di propria iniziativa e con spirito creativo, normalizzando ed espandendo la produzione. Lo Stato deve garantire alle imprese le condizioni di lavoro necessarie ad esercitare senza ostacoli i diritti di gestione»[32].
Quali sono precisamente questi diritti? Eccone una sintesi:
Le imprese con il diritto di pianificazione ed organizzazione produttiva creano metodi razionali di organizzazione produttiva per aumentare in modo pianificato la produzione dei beni molto ricercati. In virtù del diritto di riassetto del sistema gestionale e di amministrazione della mano d’opera, esse utilizzano in modo razionale ed efficace la mano d’opera e, rinnovando autonomamente gli indici tecnici ed economici, elevano il livello tecnico e professionale dei lavoratori e aumentano senza posa la produttività.
Esercitando i diritti riguardanti la qualità e il controllo dei prodotti e la gestione dei talenti, esse sviluppano attivamente nuove tecniche e nuovi prodotti conformi alle esigenze dell’epoca dell’economia del sapere e migliorano la qualità dei prodotti, aumentandone così il potenziale competitivo.
Con l’aiuto del diritto al commercio e all’impresa mista, per quanto possibile, esse svolgono positive attività economiche esterne per procurarsi da sole le materie prime, i materiali e le attrezzature necessarie ed ammodernare l’impianto e il processo produttivo; raggruppate in alcune unità aziendali o regionali, esse gettano solide basi produttive per articoli d’esportazione e aumentano la produzione dei beni d’esportazione dotati di competitività internazionale.
Inoltre, in base al diritto di gestione finanziaria, esse preparano attivamente i fondi gestionali e li utilizzano in modo efficace, realizzando così la riproduzione allargata e attività gestionali soddisfacenti; nel quadro definito dallo Stato, esse si avvalgono del diritto di fissare i prezzi e del diritto di vendita per materializzare la circolazione dei prodotti, compensando così i costi produttivi e aumentando senza sosta la produzione[33].
Con quest’ultimo accorgimento i nordcoreani sono venuti a capo del problema che era rimasto insoluto nell’economia sovietica: delegando direttamente alle imprese la determinazione dei prezzi – sempre nei limiti fissati dal piano statale, beninteso – è possibile garantire un’effettiva flessibilità dei prezzi che stimoli la crescita della produzione e la lotta agli sprechi; e, in presenza di una rete di unità produttive molto più piccole, è assai difficile “barare” gonfiando illegalmente i prezzi oltre misura.
La superiorità del nuovo sistema si è palesata in primo luogo nelle campagne, dove le sotto-squadre composte da 3-5 agricoltori operano col “sistema di responsabilità verso i campi”, sperimentato in alcune province già nel 2004 e ora attivo in tutto il paese. «Dall’entrata in vigore del sistema di responsabilità verso i campi, la capacità lavorativa dei contadini è salita al 95%. Il periodo di semina del mais e del riso, che in passato durava 20-30 giorni, si è ridotto a 10-15 giorni. Nella stagione autunnale la trebbiatura del grano, che occupava 50 giorni, adesso ne richiede solo più 10. Questo sta mutando il paesaggio agreste», osservava Chi Myong Su, direttore dell’Istituto di ricerca agraria dell’Accademia delle scienze, intervistato dal settimanale Tongil Sinbo nel pieno della siccità del 2015. «Numerose aziende agricole, dopo un’annata nei campi, hanno ricevuto una distribuzione degna di parecchie decadi. Si moltiplicano le famiglie che con crescente patriottismo aumentano le consegne di grano allo Stato»[34].
Non meno sensibili sono i progressi dell’industria. In un’intervista del maggio 2015 con l’Associated Press il professor Ri Ki Song, economista e decano dall’Accademia di scienze sociali, ha menzionato l’esempio delle operai della fabbrica di cosmetici di Siniju: i loro stipendi mensili sono passati da 3.000 won a 80.000, con picchi di 110.000, grazie a un attento calcolo economico[35]. Chi si attendeva che simili crescite salariali innescassero un’ondata di inflazione sarà deluso perché, a quanto emerge dagli studi di Benjamin Katzeff Silberstein[36], i prezzi sono rimasti stabili anche negli ultimi anni di sanzioni da “maximum pressure” e talora sono perfino diminuiti per iniziativa del sistema di distribuzione pubblica. In altri termini, la massa di denaro entrata in circolo non va a perdersi nel mercato nero, ma alimenta il prodigioso sviluppo dell’industria leggera e dei grandi magazzini statali frequentati da quella che alcuni osservatori stranieri definiscono impropriamente la “nuova classe media”.
«Il principio fondamentale della gestione economica socialista è massimizzare i profitti reali tenendo fermi i princìpi socialisti», scrive un accademico di Pyongyang a proposito di ciò che Abrahamian chiama “economia di mercato” a preponderanza statale. «Garantire il profitto reale nella costruzione economica socialista significa fare un uso efficace delle risorse umane e materiali della società a beneficio della prosperità della nazione e del benessere del popolo»[37]. Senza capitalisti, l’uso – spesso soltanto formale – dei meccanismi di mercato per razionalizzare il funzionamento dell’economia socialista non crea fenomeni di polarizzazione della ricchezza, non sottomette il lavoro al capitale e non riduce le masse a oggetto di sfruttamento, bensì permette di reinvestire l’intero plusprodotto sociale nel miglioramento del tenore di vita della popolazione.
Tuttavia non esiste il pericolo che, con l’autonomia concessa alle imprese, le leggi del mercato finiscano per soppiantare la proprietà socialista? Sì, è un rischio reale, i nordcoreani ne sono perfettamente consapevoli e ne scrivono sulla stampa specializzata: «Se nell’implementare il sistema di gestione a responsabilità aziendale, per delegare alle imprese la gestione pratica, si volesse accantonare l’interesse nazionale e perseguire soltanto quello delle imprese, per quanto venga ribadita la proprietà socialista, comunque s’introdurranno modelli gestionali di tipo capitalistico e gradatamente si avrebbe un cambiamento nella forma di proprietà, generando disordini sociali e fenomeni di natura spontanea. Pertanto non si dovrà pensare che, volendo conferire alle imprese vere e proprie facoltà di gestione, si lascerà che si separi, quanto ai mezzi di produzione, la proprietà dalla gestione»[38].
Proprio per non scindere proprietà e gestione, oltre al calcolo economico completo su base aziendale, il “metodo di gestione economica di stampo coreano” comprende altri due elementi: il sistema di responsabilità e preminenza del Consiglio dei ministri che, sgravato dall’amministrazione microeconomica, può concentrarsi sulla pianificazione strategica del progresso tecnologico e dei ritmi di sviluppo dell’economia; e soprattutto il tradizionale sistema di lavoro Taean, ideato da Kim Il Sung nel dicembre 1961, in virtù del quale la direzione dell’impresa rimane saldamente in pugno al comitato di partito, gli stimoli morali hanno la priorità sugli incentivi materiali, il lavoro di trasformazione ideologica e la mobilitazione politica dei lavoratori precedono ogni altra attività[39]. Prova ne siano le campagne di massa dei 70 e dei 200 giorni lanciate nel 2016, in corrispondenza del congresso del partito.
Non pochi giornalisti stranieri interpretavano l’autogestione delle sotto-squadre nel settore agricolo come un preludio alla privatizzazione della terra e, galvanizzati da provvedimenti di cui non afferrano il significato, si attendevano un graduale ma costante passaggio al capitalismo. Ma col tempo lo stesso Abrahamian ha ammesso che «il ritmo degli esperimenti economici è significativamente rallentato dal 2013», una volta concluso il grosso delle innovazioni gestionali, e che «le iniziative politiche hanno assunto un tono decisamente conservatore dopo il congresso del partito», quando Kim Jong Un rivendicò con orgoglio la scelta del padre che, «forte dello spirito delle armi del Songun, ha respinto il vento della liberalizzazione borghese, della “riforma” e dell’“apertura” che soffiava intorno a noi con la sua aria infetta»[40].
Ulteriori speculazioni si sono susseguite sullo sfondo del processo di pace avviato un anno fa e scambiato da alcuni per un cedimento alle pressioni del nemico che avrebbe finalmente “aperto” il paese al capitalismo. In realtà è sufficiente sfogliare la stampa nordcoreana per sapere cosa ne pensino i diretti interessati. Ci limitiamo, per brevità, a una rassegna dei titoli del Rodong Sinmun dal gennaio al giugno 2018, ossia nella fase più intensa dei contatti diplomatici con Washington e Seul:
L’infiltrazione ideologica e culturale dell’imperialismo dev’essere schiacciata, 22 gennaio.
Le illusioni sull’imperialismo sono un virus letale, 3 febbraio.
Le illusioni sull’“aiuto” degli imperialisti portano alla rovina, 26 febbraio.
Gli imperialisti statunitensi sono acerrimi nemici del popolo coreano, 28 febbraio.
L’aggressione e l’interferenza degli imperialisti devono essere sventate con fermezza, 20 marzo.
La “globalizzazione” è la strategia egemonica mondiale degli imperialisti, 27 marzo.
Contraddizioni e conflitti esacerbati sono l’inevitabile conseguenza del capitalismo, 3 aprile.
La natura reazionaria della democrazia borghese non può essere celata, 6 aprile.
La cultura e le idee imperialiste devono essere respinte, 7 aprile.
L’infiltrazione ideologica e culturale statunitense svolge un ruolo preponderante nell’aggressione, 24 aprile.
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leisure hours, not discreditably, with literature and learned men, but making of those hours a far larger portion of his life than was consistent with the duty of a supreme head of the Church.
The evidence which he presents in such detail continues to produce, if anything, precisely that impression of the faineant President which he has been anxious to dispel.
of boxing; pugilistic.
Fistic “pertaining to the fists or boxing” is a transparent compound of the English noun fist and the adjective suffix –ic. Fist comes from Old English fȳst and is closely related to Dutch vuist and German Faust. The thoroughly naturalized suffix –ic derives from Latin –icus and Greek –ikos and was originally applied to Latin or Greek nouns (such as metallic, music, poetic, public). Fistic is a facetious synonym of pugilistic, which is a derivative of Latin pugil “fist fighter, boxer.” Pugil is akin to pugna “fist” and its derived verb pugnāre “to fight,” ultimate source of English pugnacious. All of the Latin words are related to the Greek adverb pýx “with the fist,” and the noun pygmḗ “fist, fistfight, boxing,” also a measure of length from the elbow to the knuckles (of the fist). Fistic entered English in the early 19th century.
Yes, boxing and the other fistic and grappling arts are still with us, driven by the popularity of mixed martial arts and Ultimate Mixed Fighting bouts.
To continue in fistic phraseology, he had a genius for coming up to the scratch, wherever and whatever it was, and proving himself an ugly customer. … He was certain to knock the wind out of common sense …Temel banka hesabı nedir?
Temel banka hesapları, diğer cari hesap türlerine uygun olmayan kişiler için tasarlanmıştır, çünkü zayıf kredi geçmişi.
Kredili mevduat imkanları olmadan para almak ve faturaları ödemek için temel ve ücretsiz olanaklar sunarlar.
Geçmişte maddi zorluklarla karşılaşan insanlar için bir can simidi olabilirler, ancak diğer hesaplar, bankalar ve inşaat şirketleri kadar kârlı değillerse iyi bir reklamcılık işi yapmamışlardır onları.
Temel banka hesaplarını karşılaştırın
Yeni temel banka hesapları, kredi geçmişi zayıf olan veya geçmişte borçla mücadele eden kişiler için onları çekici kılan bir dizi özelliğe sahiptir. Bunlar şunları içerir:
- Başarısız ödemeler için ücret yok
- Kredili mevduat tesisi yok
- Sağlayıcılar, mağazalarda ve çevrimiçi olarak nakit çekmek ve ödeme yapmak için size bir banka kartı sunmalıdır.
- Ayrıca, otomatik ödeme ve sabit siparişler ayarlamanıza da izin vermeleri gerekir.
- Diğer kişisel cari hesap müşterileriyle aynı koşullarda herhangi bir Postanede veya banka şubesinde para yatırın ve nakit çekin.
Bankalar, temel hesaplarını gözden geçirecek ve mali koşullarınız değişirse sizi daha uygun bir cari hesaba geçirebilirler (en az iki ay önceden yazılı bildirimde bulunmaları gerekir).
En iyi temel cari hesapları şu kriterlere göre sıraladık: banka müşteri memnuniyeti genel halk tarafından oylanan.
|Sağlayıcı||Hesap adı||Asgari yaş||ATM sınırı||Hesap nasıl açılır|
|Metro Bankası
Daha fazla bilgi
Virgin Money ile birlikte, Metro Bank'ın en büyük sağlayıcılarla aynı temel banka hesabı düzenlemelerine uyması gerekmez. Otomatik ödeme kuramazsınız veya temel bankacılık hizmetleri için Postaneyi kullanamazsınız.
|Nakit hesabı||78%||11||£300||Yalnızca şube|
Nationwide Building Society
Daha fazla bilgi
FlexBasic hesabıyla telefon bankacılığı yok.
|FlexBasic||74%||18||£500||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|Halifax
Daha fazla bilgi
Kartlarınızla alışveriş yaptığınızda hesabınıza% 15'e varan nakit para kazanın
|Temel||70%||18||£500||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|Lloyds Bank||Temel||69%||18||£500||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|NatWest||Yapı temeli||69%||18||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|Kooperatif
Banka
|Cashminder||68%||16||£250||Şube, posta|
|Barclays
Banka
|Temel||68%||18||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube|
|HSBC||Temel||65%||16||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|İskoçya Bankası||Temel||64%||18||£500||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|Santander||Temel||63%||16||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube|
|TSB||Nakit hesabı||63%||18||£500||Çevrimiçi, şube|
|Ulster Bankası||Yapı temeli||62%||18||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
|İskoçya Kraliyet Bankası||Yapı temeli||61%||18||£300||Çevrimiçi, şube, telefon|
Kasım 2020'deki veriler doğru
Hangi? Müşteri Puanı: Gerçek müşterilerden gelen geri bildirimlere dayanan müşteri memnuniyeti puanımız. Puan, bir müşterinin markayla ilgili genel memnuniyetinden ve bu markayı bir arkadaşına tavsiye etme olasılığından oluşur. Eylül 2020'de 4.501 genel kamuoyuyla anket yaptık. bizim dolu masa tüm bankalar için puanları ve yıldız derecelendirmelerini içerir.
Temel bir banka hesabı ve diğer SSS'ler nasıl açılır
Temel banka hesapları, tipik olarak zayıf bir kredi geçmişine sahip oldukları için, diğer cari hesap türlerine uygun olmayan kişiler için tasarlanmıştır.
ATM'lerde ve çevrimiçi olarak kullanılabilen normal bir banka kartına hak kazanmanıza rağmen, kredili mevduat olanakları olmadan para almak ve faturaları ödemek için temel olanaklar sunarlar.
Burada birini nasıl açacağınızı ve en sık sorulan sorulardan bazılarını nasıl cevaplayacağınızı açıklıyoruz:
Temel bir banka hesabını nasıl açarım?
Diğerlerinde asgari yaş 18 olmasına rağmen, en yüksek cadde temel banka hesaplarını açabilmek için en az 16 yaşında olmanız gerekir.
Masamızı kontrol edin Seçtiğiniz hesabın posta yoluyla, telefonla, çevrimiçi olarak veya şahsen açılıp açılamayacağını görmek için.
Kimliğimi ve adresimi nasıl kanıtlarım?
Fotoğraflı bir kimlik, yani pasaport veya ehliyet sağlamanız istenecektir.
Bunlardan herhangi birine sahip değilseniz, banka, HMRC'den veya Çalışma ve Emeklilik Bakanlığı'ndan gelen bir mektubun orijinal bir kopyası gibi bir alternatifi kabul edebilir.
Geçerli adresin kanıtı, yakın tarihli bir İngiltere olan bir banka veya kredi kartı ekstresi (üç aydan daha yeni) olabilir elektrik faturası veya yerel bir belediye veya konut birliğinden gelen kira sözleşmesi (son 12 ay).
Kabul edilebilir belgelerin tam listesi için seçtiğiniz bankanın web sitesini kontrol edin.
Temel banka hesabına sahip bir uygulama alır mıyım?
Evet, yukarıdaki tablomuzdaki tüm temel banka hesapları bir akıllı telefon uygulamasıyla yönetilebilir.
Temel bir banka hesabı reddedilebilir mi?
Eylül 2016'dan bu yana, standart bir banka hesabı açmaya uygun değilseniz, temel bir banka hesabı açma hakkına sahipsiniz.
Bununla birlikte, Para Tavsiye Hizmeti, aşağıdaki durumlarda reddedilebileceğinizi söylüyor:
- Kimlik veya adres kanıtı sağlayamazsınız
- Bu banka veya inşaat kooperatifi ile farklı bir hesap için uygunsunuz
- Bir kredi kontrolünü reddediyorsunuz (bir tane geçmeniz gerekmese de)
- Personeli tehdit ediyor, taciz ediyor veya şiddet uyguluyorsunuz
- Dolandırıcılıktan veya kara para aklamadan şüpheleniyorlar.
Haksız bir şekilde reddedildiğinizi düşünüyorsanız, önce sağlayıcıya ve ardından Financial Ombudsman Service'e itiraz edebilirsiniz.
Sağlayıcıların temel banka hesaplarının reklamını çok iyi yapmadıklarını belirtmek gerekir - çünkü onlar diğer hesaplarının yanı sıra karlı - bu nedenle, değilse doğrudan sormanız gerekebilir yakında çıkacak.
Hesabım kapatılabilir mi?
Evet, bankanız veya kredi kuruluşunuz aşağıdaki durumlarda hesabınızı kapatabilir:
- 24 aydan uzun süredir herhangi bir işlem yapılmadı;
- düzenli olarak hesabın hüküm ve koşullarını karşılamıyorsanız;
- artık Avrupa Birliği'nde yasal olarak ikamet etmiyorsunuz;
- başka bir temel banka hesabına erişiminiz var.
Sağlayıcınız size neden hesabınızı kapattığını söylemelidir - kabul etmiyorsanız şikayette bulunabilirsiniz - ve size en az iki ay önceden yazılı bildirimde bulunulmalıdır.
Temel bir banka hesabım varsa geçiş hizmetini kullanabilir miyim?
Evet, Virgin Money Essential hesabı dışında tablomuzdaki tüm temel banka hesapları için geçiş hizmetini kullanabilirsiniz.
Eski hesabınızdan geçiş sadece yedi iş günü sürer ve taşıma, Cari Hesap Değiştirme tarafından desteklenir Garanti garantisi, yeni bankanızın gelen ve giden ödemelerin üstesinden gelmekle ilgileneceği ve varsa düzelteceği anlamına gelir. sorunlar.
Daha fazlasını bul: banka hesabınızı nasıl değiştirirsiniz
İflas edersem temel bir banka hesabı açabilir miyim?
Evet - içindeki tüm sağlayıcılar karşılaştırma tablomuz hangisi söylendi? başvuru sahiplerini iflas etmemiş olarak kabul edeceklerdir. Bu, hala bir iflas emri sürecinden geçen biri.
Daha önce CCJ'ler gibi kredi problemleriniz olsa veya iflasınız olsa bile temel bir banka hesabı için başvurabilirsiniz. Borç Yönetim Planı (DMP), Bireysel Gönüllü Düzenleme (IVA) veya Borç Tahliye Emri gibi yerinde tedbir (DRO).
Harekete geç: borçla nasıl başa çıkılır - yardım için nereye başvurulacağı ve kontrolü nasıl geri alacağınız
Temel banka hesapları her zaman ücretsiz midir?
Hayır - başarısız ödemeler için artık ücretlendirilmemeniz gerekse de, banka kartınızı yurtdışında kullanmak istiyorsanız yine de ücret ödersiniz.
CHAPS ile ödeme yapmak istiyorsanız, 23 ila 30 sterlin arasında ödeme yaparsınız (aynı gün ödemeleri için işlem limiti olmaksızın kullanılan sistem, örneğin mülk satın alırken). Nationwide FlexBasic, tablomuzda bunun için herhangi bir ücret talep etmeyen tek hesaptır.
Kredi raporumda temel banka hesabı başvuruları görünüyor mu?
Temel banka hesabı için başvurduğunuzda, banka, kredi geçmişinizde yalnızca kimliğinizi doğrulamak için bir arka plan kontrolü işlevi gören "yumuşak" bir arama yapmalıdır.
Bu sizin tarafınızdan görülebilir olsa da, kredi raporunuzu kontrol ettiğinizde, diğer kredi verenler tarafından görülemeyecek, bu da gelecekteki kredi başvurunuzu etkilemeyeceği anlamına gelir.
Kredi için başvurduğunuzda - kredi, kredi kartı, telefon sözleşmesi veya banka hesabı kredili mevduat gibi - borç veren Kredi geçmişinizde görünür bir 'ayak izi' bırakan ve kredinizi etkileyebilecek 'sıkı' bir arama yapmalıdır Puan.
- Daha fazlasını öğrenin kredi raporları için eksiksiz rehber
Temel banka hesabı alternatifleri: yalnızca mobil bankalar
Bir kredi kontrolünden geçmek konusunda endişeleriniz varsa veya standart bir cari hesap istemiyorsanız, yüksek cadde sağlayıcılarının temel banka hesapları tek seçenek değildir.
Dijital meydan okuyucu bankalar ve e-para firmaları - tamamen bir akıllı telefon uygulaması aracılığıyla çalıştırılan hesaplar sunan - geçmişte mali zorluklarla karşılaştıysanız bir cankurtaran halatı olabilmeleri için 'zor' kredi aramaları yapmayın.
Tüm sağlayıcılar kimliğinizi doğrulamak için 'yumuşak' bir arama yapar. Bunu sen görebilirsen kredi raporunuzu kontrol edin ancak diğer kredi verenler bunu göremez.
Burada, bu uygulama tabanlı bankaların ve e-para sağlayıcılarının bazılarının temel özelliklerini listeliyoruz.
Monzo
Kurduktan sonra Monzo uygulamasında, kimliğinizin (pasaport, pasaport, pasaport, pasaport) fotoğrafını çekerek adınızı ve doğum tarihinizi onaylamanız gerekir. ehliyet veya geçici ehliyet, nüfus cüzdanı veya resmi tarafından verilmiş başka bir fotoğraflı kimlik) ve kendin.
Monzo, banka kartınızı göndermek için Birleşik Krallık adresi ister, ancak isterseniz iş adresinizi veya bir arkadaşınızın adresini kullanabilirsiniz.
Sizin için bir kayıt bulamazsa (örneğin, Birleşik Krallık'a yeni geldiyseniz), yine de bir hesabınız olabilir, ancak size borç vermez.
Monzo'yu günlük kullanım için herhangi bir ücret alınmaz. Yurt dışındaysanız, ayda 200 £ 'a kadar ücretsiz para çekebilir ve ardından% 3 ücret ödersiniz. İster İngiltere'de ister tatilde kartınızla harcama yapmak her zaman ücretsizdir.
Param güvende mi?
Evet, Monzo Birleşik Krallık'ta düzenlenir ve bu nedenle, Finansal Hizmetler Tazminat Planı (FSCS) 85.000 sterline kadar.
Starling Bankası
Bir Sığırcık hesap hızlı - sadece uygulamayı açın, numaranızı ekleyin ve metin ile gönderilen doğrulama kodunu girin.
Ardından, Monzo'da olduğu gibi, kısa bir selfie videosu ve kimliğinizin bir fotoğrafını (pasaport, ehliyet, kimlik kartı, İngiliz Biyometrik Oturma İzni) çekmeniz gerekecektir.
Ek adres kanıtı gerekiyorsa, uygulama aracılığıyla bilgilendirileceksiniz. Starling şunları kabul ettiğini söyledi: İngiltere bankalarından ve HMRC'den gelen mektuplar veya beyanlar, bir İngiltere ehliyeti, elektrik faturaları ve kira sözleşmeleri veya kira sözleşmeleri.
Starling hem kredili mevduatlar hem de kişisel krediler sunar mevcut cari hesap müşterileri için, ancak herhangi biri için başvurursanız, tam bir kredi kontrolü gerçekleştirmesi gerekecektir.
Param güvende mi?
Evet, Starling Birleşik Krallık'ta düzenlenir ve bu nedenle tamamen FSCS korumalı 85.000 sterline kadar.
Daha fazlasını bul:Starling iş hesapları - KOBİ'ler ve bağımsız tüccarlar için ücretsiz bankacılık
Revolut
Revolut yurt dışında para harcamak veya transfer etmek isteyen yetişkinlere yöneliktir.
Bir Revolut hesabı için yalnızca
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به حمایت های مالی در آینده بیشتر خواهد شد و دولت ها باید راه حل هایی برای اصلاح قوانین و سیاست های پولی فعلی بیندیشند.
از سوی دیگر، پیش بینی می گردد تورم هم در اتحادیه اروپا افزایش تدریجی داشته باشد، اما به نظر نمی رسد که رقم آن به بالاتر از اندازه هدف میان مدت بانک مرکزی اروپا برسد. تخمین صندوق بین المللی پول برای اقتصاد 19 کشور عضو اتحادیه اروپا، رکود 8.3 درصدی در امسال میلادی و رونق 5.2 درصدی در سال 2021 است.
صندوق هشدار می دهد این احتمال وجود دارد که سرعت آهسته رونق مالی، عواقب طولانی مدتی داشته باشد و فشار زیادی را در آینده به این اتحادیه تحمیل کند. این در حالی است که تنش ها بین انگلیس و اتحادیه اروپا بر سر موضوع برگزیت و خروج این کشور از اتحادیه به پیچیدگی شرایط دامن زده است. انگلیس قرار است تا خاتمه سال 2020 یعنی چند روز دیگر از اتحادیه اروپا جدا گردد و احتمال اینکه 2 طرف بر سر موارد مورد مذاکره به هیچ توافقی نرسند، وجود دارد.
عبور از موج اول
براساس گزارش صندوق بین المللی پول، اتحادیه اروپا به خوبی توانست از موج اول شیوع کرونا عبور کند. واکنش های مناسب هم در سطح ملی و هم در سطح منطقه ای برای بازگرداندن آرامش به بازار مانند پرداخت وام به خانواده ها و صاحبان مشاغل به کاهش تأثیر بحران یاری کرد. بسیاری از کشور های این حوزه با پرداخت سوبسید، تسهیل شرایط پرداخت مالیات و معرفی برنامه های شغلی کوتاه مدت مانند کم کردن ساعت کار به جای تعدیل نیرو، مانع از افزایش بیکاری و تعطیلی کسب وکار ها شدند.
طبق اعلام مرکز آمار اتحادیه اروپا، بهار امسال، فراوری ناخالص داخلی در این منطقه 14.7 درصد کاهش یافت، اما توانست به سرعت خود را احیا و رشد 12.5 درصدی را در تابستان تجربه کند. بعلاوه تعداد افراد شاغل هم در 3 ماهه سوم سال 2020 نسبت به 3 ماهه دوم سال یک درصد افزایش یافت. هم اکنون، اما با توجه به غیرقابل پیش بینی بودن ویروس و سناریو های مختلفی که از تأثیر و سرعت توزیع واکسن ها و دارو ها وجود دارد، هیچ دورنمای قطعی وجود ندارد.
بخش های مختلف مالی اروپا در یک سال گذشته تحت تأثیر بحران کرونا قرار گرفته اند. بیشترین رکود در بخش خدمات مسکن و غذا بود که نسبت به دوران پیش از همه گیری 40 درصد افزایش نشان داد. ساخت وساز با حدود 25 درصد رشد در رتبه بعدی قرار گرفته است. براین اساس، فراوری انرژی ازجمله آب، برق و گاز کمترین آسیب را از همه گیری کرونا متحمل شده است.
این روز ها انگلیس با موج تازه بیماری و گونه نو ویروس روبه روست که باعث شده خیلی از کشورها، پرواز های خود به این کشور را لغو نمایند. کشور هایی مانند ایتالیا و اتریش، برای کنترل همه گیری، محدودیت های نوی را اعمال نموده اند. این اتفاق ها، امید هایی که بعد از شروع توزیع واکسن برای بهبود سریع اوضاع مالی وجود داشت را نقش بر آب نموده است.
توصیه صندوق به اتحادیه اروپا
صندوق بین المللی پول از آنجا که اتحادیه اروپا جهت طولانی تا رونق دوباره مالی را در پیش دارد، توصیه می نماید که مسئولان کشور های عضو به جای سیاست های کلی به سیاست های هدفمند و جزئی روی بیاورند. این صندوق، طرح بسته حمایتی نسل بعد اتحادیه اروپا را اقدام مثبتی می داند، اما تأکید می نماید که تأثیر آن بستگی به اجرای سریع، نحوه هزینه کرد و توان سرعت بخشی به اصلاحات ساختاری را دارد. براساس این طرح که تابستان امسال تصویب شد، اتحادیه اروپا به کشور های عضو که آسیب زیادی از شیوع کرونا دیده اند، 750 میلیارد یورو وام پرداخت می نماید.
بعلاوه توصیه می گردد تا زمانی که شرایط مالی روی ریل پیشرفت قرار بگیرد، ابزار های حفاظتی و مشوق های سرمایه گذاری برای بانک ها درنظر گرفته گردد. این صندوق بعلاوه ضمن حمایت از تصمیم بانک مرکزی اروپا برای افزایش بسته مالی یاریی خود، هشدار داد که اگر شرایط شیوع کرونا بهتر نگردد، ممکن است احتیاج به حمایت های بیشتری وجود داشته باشد.
بانک مرکزی اروپا چند روز پیش بیان کرد که برای یاری به احیای اقتصاد اروپا با توجه به همه گیری، 500 میلیارد یورو به بسته یاریی 1.35 تریلیون یورویی خود اضافه می نماید و آن را به 1.83 تریلیون یورو می رساند. این بانک بعلاوه مهلت ارائه مشوق های مالی به بانک ها را که قرار بود تا آخر بهار 2021 باشد تا آخر زمستان 2022 تمدید کرد.
موضوع دیگر شکاف طبقاتی و نابرابری است که قبل از کرونا هم وجود داشت و بعد از همه گیری، تشدید شد. برای جلوگیری از بیشتر شدن این شکاف باید با برنامه هایی مانند تقویت شبکه اجتماعی و برگزاری دوره های آموزشی، حمایت ویژه ای از گروه های محروم و جوانان گردد، زیرا این قشر معمولا در بخش های مالی که بیشترین ضربه را از کرونا دیده اند و معمولا امکان دورکاری ندارند، فعالیت می نمایند.منبع: فراروIl forte Bekal è vicino al villaggio Pallikkara nel distretto Kasargod ed è uno dei meglio conservati nello stato meridionale. Il forte diffusione oltre quaranta ettari, ha le pareti massicce di circa 12 metri di altezza ed è costruito con pietre laterite locali. Si tratta di una grande forte, il muro e bastioni in riva al mare di essere forte e intervallati dai bastioni con le aperture per le pistole. La porta principale è verso est ed è stata protetta da bastioni. Un fossato circonda la fortezza sul lato terra. Le caratteristiche importanti di questo forte sono il serbatoio con una scalinata, l’apertura del tunnel verso sud, la rivista per mantenere munizioni, e un’ampia rampa che porta alla torre di osservazione.
Questa torre offre una vista affascinante della zona circostante. Da lì si ha un ampio panorama di tutti i posti importanti nelle vicinanze e ha anche il significato strategico di accertare la sicurezza del forte. I vuoti nelle massicce mura laterite sono stati utilizzati per l’immissione fucili.ReadWriteThink couldn't publish all of this great content without literacy experts to write and review for us. If you've got lessons plans, activities, or other ideas you'd like to contribute, we'd love to hear from you.
Find the latest in professional publications, learn new techniques and strategies, and find out how you can connect with other literacy professionals.
Teacher Resources by Grade
|1st - 2nd||3rd - 4th|
|5th - 6th||7th - 8th|
|9th - 10th||11th - 12th|
A Tale of a Few Text Messages: A Character Study of A Tale of Two Cities
|Grades||9 – 12|
|Lesson Plan Type||Standard Lesson|
|Estimated Time||Four 50-minute sessions|
- A Tale of Two Cities Texting printout
- A Tale of Two Cities Texting printout (Example)
- Common Texting Abbreviations printout
- Character Chart (A Tale of Two Cities: A Masterpiece Guide, p. 24)
- Venn Diagram, 3 Circles printout (optional)
- A Tale of Two Cities: A Masterpiece Guide
This link connects you to a PDF version of the PBS Teaching guide about the Dickens' classic. This guide presents an integrated approach to teaching A Tale of Two Cities. The lessons draw parallels between social conditions of the past and present and compare the development of democracy in England, France, and the United States. The activities in the guide help to develop research, speaking, and debating skills, and promote cooperative learning.
- Charles Dickens
This online guide offers general lesson plans about Dickens and specific discussion questions and activities for various Dickens classics.
- Teaching Dickens: A Masterpiece Guide
This link connects you to a PDF version of a PBS Teaching Guide about various Dickens books. This guide does not discuss exclusively A Tale of Two Cities, however it does offer background information on Dickens and general lesson plans.
- Because of the nature of this lesson as a culminating review, students need to have completed reading the novel A Tale of Two Cities prior to this assignment. Alternatively, elements of this lesson could be woven into the reading of the novel, with students stopping to create text responses as the appropriate events occur.
- Make copies of the necessary handouts.
- Arrange for students to have access to computers with Internet access during Session One.
- Test and bookmark the Venn Diagram, 3 Circles student interactive. Ensure that you have the latest version of Flash on student computers. If you wish to use the Venn Diagram, 3 Circles printout make sure to make enough copies.Unit 60. flower/flowers (singular and plural)
(существительные в единственном и множественном числе)
- The plural of a noun is usually -s:
|singular (= one)
a nice place
|->||plural (= two or more)
many nice places
- These things are plural in English:
- Do you wear glasses?
- I need the scissors. Where are they?
- You can also say a pair of … with these words:
a pair of scissors a pair of jeans a pair of tights etc.
- I need a new pair of jeans.
- I need some new jeans. (but not “a new jeans”)
- Some plurals do not end in -s:
also: a person -> two people / some people / many people etc.
- She's a nice person. but They are nice people. (not “nice persons”)
- Some people are very stupid. (not “Some people is”)
Police is a plural word:
- The police are coming. (not “The police is coming.”) хостинг для сайтов © Langust Agency 1999-2023, ссылка на сайт обязательнаMalignant tumor of squamous cells or squamous epithelium is known as squamous cell carcinoma. It is most common in elderly and some exposed areas of body. Metastasis is very late and relatively uncommon. Less than 5% of squamous cell carcinoma metasatize to regional lymph nodes. Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma include:
- Chronic ulcers
- Osteomyelitis –causing sinus formation on skin
- Old burns
- Exposure to ionizing radiations
- Ingestion of chemicals
- Tobacco and bettle nut chewing
- Exposure to industrial carcinogens like tar and oils
- Being immunocompromised
- Pre-malignant skin conditions like xeroderma pigmentosum
Usually presents as a small skin nodule or non-healing ulcer, overlying skin is not intact in most of the cases, tumor size is variable, cut surface is usually grey white in color.
Carcinoma in situ is characterized by atypical looking squamoid cells having hyperchromatic pleomorphic nuclei, having prominent nucleoli. N:C (nucleus to cytoplasm) ratio is high. Mitotic figures are frequently present in moderately to poorly differentiated forms. In case of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, characteristic keratin pearls are seen, but is not a diagnostic feature.
Want a clearer concept, see all images on Squamous Cell Carcinomaدادگاهی در اوکراین روز دوشنبه یک نظامی روس را به دلیل کشتن یک شهروند غیرنظامی اوکراینی به حبس ابد محکوم کرد.
گروهبان وادیم شیشیمارین که متهم به شلیک به سر یک غیرنظامی اوکراینی در نخستین روزهای جنگ است، در جلسه قبلی دادگاه با پذیرفتن اتهام وارده تقاضای بخشش کرده بود.
این گروهبان ۲۱ ساله در جلسه دادرسی پیشین از کاترینا شلیپووا، بیوه مقتول، خواست که او را در رابطه با قتل همسرش، اولکساندر، ببخشد. ششمارین فرد قربانی را در ۲۸ فوریه در روستایی در شمال شرقی اوکراین با شلیک گلوله به سرش به قتل رساند.
صدور حکم برای این نظامی روس در حالی است که وکیل مدافع او چنین استدلال کرده بود که موکلش - که عضو یک یگان زرهی و خدمه تانک بود - برای مواجهه با این حجم از اقدامات نظامی و این میزان خشونت که سربازان روس در تهاجم به اوکراین مرتکب شدند، آمادگی روحی لازم را نداشته است.
این نخستین دادگاه رسیدگی به جنایات جنگی ناشی از تهاجم روسیه به اوکراین در ۲۴ فوریه است.
اوکراین، روسیه را به جنایات و وحشیگری علیه غیرنظامیان در جریان تهاجم متهم کرده است و میگوید بیش از ۱۰هزار جنایت جنگی احتمالی را شناسایی کرده است. مسکو اما هدف قرار دادن غیرنظامیان یا دست داشتن در جنایات جنگی را رد کرده است.The Parry Sound Friendship Centre is one of the original six Friendship Centres in Ontario, founded in 1966 and incorporated on February 2, 1967. The Centre is also one of the founding members of the Ontario Federation of Indigenous Friendship Centres, which was incorporated in 1971.
The Friendship Centre program is designed to improve the quality of life for Aboriginal people in an urban environment by supporting self determined activities which encourage equal access to and participation in Canadian Society and which respects aboriginal cultural distinctiveness.
Working in a Healthy holistic environment; collectedly and cooperatively to promote and deliver programs and activities to build healthier lifestyles, families and communities.
Friendship Centres are not-for-profit corporations that are mandated to serve the needs of urban Indigenous people by providing culturally appropriate services in urban communities – (Ontario Federation of Indigenous Friendship Centres, 2013)
Seven Grandfather Teachings
To know peace is to know Love. Love must be unconditional. When people are weak they need love the most. In the Anishinaabe language, this word with the reciprocal theme /idi/ indicates that this form of love is mutual. In some communities, Gizhaawenidiwin is used, which in most context means “jealousy” but in this context is translated as either “love” or “zeal”. Again, the reciprocal theme /idi/ indicates that this form of love is mutual.
To honor all creation is to have Respect. All of creation should be treated with respect. You must give respect if you wish to be respected. Some communities instead use Ozhibwaadenindiwin or Manazoonidiwin
Bravery is to face the foe with integrity. In the Anishinaabe language, this word literally means “state of having a fearless heart.” To do what is right even when the consequences are unpleasant. Some communities instead use either Zoongadikiwin (“state of having a strong casing”) or Zoongide’ewin (“state of having a strong heart”).
Honesty in facing a situation is to be brave. Always be honest in word and action. Be honest first with yourself, and you will more easily be able to be honest with others. In the Anishinaabe language, this word can also mean “righteousness.”
Humility is to know yourself as a sacred part of Creation. In the Anishinaabe language, this word can also mean “compassion.” You are equal to others, but you are not better. Some communities instead express this with Bekaadiziwin, which in addition to “humility” can also be translated as “calmness,” “meekness,” “gentility” or “patience.”
Truth is to know all of these things. Speak the truth. Do not deceive yourself or others.Dopo la fine di Night Of Champions, ultimo PPV targato WWE che si è tenuto ieri a Nashville, TN……..
……la federazione di Stamford ha chiesto ai propri fans quale cambio di titolo è stato il più scioccante: la vittoria di Gold&Stardust dei titoli di coppia, il ritorno di The Miz come campione IC o AJ Lee di nuovo campionessa delle divas. Al momento,con il 41% dei voti, c'è in testa The Miz, seguito da Gold&Stardust con il 36% dei voti ed infine AJ Lee con il 23% dei voti.
Fonte:LOP.net & Zona Wrestling.NetElodie «In una notte magica, insieme a degli aiutanti speciali, ho portato la Luna al Quartaccio, il quartiere in cui sono cresciuta: per ricordare a tutti che qualunque cosa è reale, se possiamo immaginarla. Ecco il video ufficiale della canzone “Volo Via” per Over the Moon – Il fantastico mondo di Lunaria, il film di animazione originale Netflix, ora disponibile».Small Voice Calling > The Call > Moved to Tears > Judas
The Song: Judas
He thought of his disciples
Especially of Judas
The job that was ordained for him
And the reward he’d collect
He saw him in the tree
With silver coins around him
And that’s why Jesus wept
The Bible: The last supper
The Gospel according to John, Chapter 13, Verses 1 to 30 (John 13: 1 – 30).
Jesus knew his time was up. His Father was calling him home.
He had shown his friends how to live as God had always intended they should, relying on God’s shalom rather than the Romans’ pax. He had been openly critical of the Jewish religious leaders, accusing them of being more interested in looking good than being good. He had incurred their wrath, and they were determined to be rid of him.
Now, whilst Jesus and his friends were having supper, the real force behind the ‘Get Jesus’ party revealed itself. The adversary, the satan, the very devil, recruited Judas to betray Jesus.
Jesus knew what Judas was about to do, and did nothing to stop it. He knew it had to happen:
“Go and do what you have to do”, he told Judas. Do your bit. Play your part. “And make it quick.”
And so the enemy agent went out into the night.
The day couldn’t be far away.
So, why did Judas betray Jesus?
Some say it was for the money.
Others suggest he was disappointed that Jesus was not after all going to overthrow the Romans and restore the kingdom to Israel.
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寻求通过VPN（虚拟专用网络）实现上述内容。使用VPN是一种策略，可确保通过安全隧道安全新疆体育彩票，该安全隧道将用户设备链接到企业的网络和其中的资源。然而，VPN遭受了ZTNA完全避难的许多问题。拥有用户“VPN”介绍延迟，妨碍了生产力，可能难以组织，并授予用户完全新疆体育彩票网络和其上的一切 - 这违反了零信任的原则。幸运的是，ZTNA是可扩展的，保留用户体验，并授予对特定应用而不是整个网络的新疆体育彩票。
BitGlass'Ztna.
BitGlass为Ztna提供独特，强大的方法。 BitGlass'无代理解决方案 通过将组织的单点登录（SSO）解决方案联系，消除了对端点上的VPN和软件安装的需求。当用户通过SSO进行身份验证，以便新疆体育彩票房屋或托管的自定义应用程序 基础设施 - AS-A-Service（IAAS） 平台，BitGlass插入流量路径。一旦用户通过SSO - 和多因素身份验证认证，如果组织想要额外的安全性 - 并且他们的流量是由Bitlass无政府代理的，那么他们就可以新疆体育彩票受保护的应用程序和数据。不被视为以这种方式被视为可信赖的用户未被授予新疆体育彩票权限。除了上述外，BitGlass还能够强制执行粒度安全策略，包括 加密 和 实时数据丢失预防（DLP），进一步提高安全性。
想要了解有关BitGlass如何保护您的组织的更多信息？请求下面的演示。抗日战争初期，日本鬼子军队所向披靡，为了阻挡日军的步伐，国民党的领头人蒋介石为了阻挡日军突进武汉的步伐，于是选择炸开黄河的堤坝，使得洪水成为阻挡日军的壁垒。当时在民间逃难的民众中则有着一个传说，那就是蒋介石炸黄河看到蛟龙，惊扰了龙神。
蒋介石炸黄河看到蛟龙
黄河花园口决堤事件是中国抗日战争三大惨案之一，初次是在中牟县境内大堤较薄的赵口，但是这里流沙太多并没有打开黄河的缺口。于是选择了在花园口使用爆破的手法，蒋介石亲自前往监督。
最后部队炸开了黄河的河提，形成了大量的黄泛区，为抗日战争赢得了宝贵的时间，但是也造成了黄河周边出现了成千上万的灾民。甚至蒋介石炸黄河看到蛟龙，蒋介石内心震动，难道是得罪了黄河的保护神！
花园口诀提时间过后，回到指挥部的蒋介石因此大病一场，而当时的国民政府对遇见蛟龙时间，也是三缄其口。没有一个人敢提起这件事情，蒋介石也对自己的这种作法有后悔之意，在抗战胜利后，就组织人员堵上了黄河的决口。
蒋介石看到蛟龙是真的吗
后来蒋介石在内战之中一败涂地，退守台湾之后，要不是有美国的航母舰队在身后撑腰，台湾也早就被中国拿下了。而蒋介石在台湾也是郁郁寡欢，虽然活到很大岁数，但是依然对于蒋介石炸黄河看到蛟龙感到后悔，可能就是因为这件事才导致自己问鼎中原失败。
后来在宋美龄的日记中也提到了蒋介石，去往黄河炸毁河提的事件，但是里面并没有提到蛟龙的字样，只提到蒋介石看到河中大物后大病了一场，关于宋美龄所说的怪物，究竟是不是传说中的蛟龙，时至今日却无从考证。
黄河花园口决堤事件
在花园口决堤事件后，黄河中上游地区迎来了雨季。黄河的洪水像脱缰野马一样涌现到中原大地上面，而且花园口决堤事件是国民党的秘密行动，当时黄河周边的居民是没有接到通知的。于是滚滚洪水来临，黄河中下游平原变成了一片泽国。
据统计在、豫、皖、苏三省的洪水泛滥区的居民，就有89.3万人在无情的洪水中丧命。而没有失去生命的居民，更是连家都没有了，超过1200万人流离失所。而且洪水泛滥，导致耕地报废，豫东地区大饥荒，没有粮食的民众饿死遍……【查看全文】
结语：就算蒋介石炸黄河看到蛟龙是假的，但是蒋介石人为制造出来的洪水事件，依然导致了惊人的伤亡，超过千万人流离失所。作出如此伤天害理的事情，蒋介石在中国谋求的利益会失败也是理所当然！How can soils be better protected and used in a more sustainable manner? Which conditions have to be met to ensure that farmers across the world get long-term and secure access to agricultural land, an important prerequisite for using soils in a gentle and sustainable manner? These issues were at the centre of the 14th GFFA, which this year too was held as a virtual event, running from the 24th to the 28th January.
A panel of experts organised by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) discussed the issue of how competition for the use of soils could be transformed in a manner enabling integrative use.
In her introductory address to the panel debate on the 25th January, Bärbel Kofler, State Secretary at the BMZ, demanded that agricultural production become more sustainable, while natural resources had to be protected.
Soil conservation and maintaining the natural resources for sustainable food production was one of the items addressed Sustainable Development Goal 15. SDG15 – life on land – contains the commitment to “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably, manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss.” Much had been achieved over the past six years, although there were still problems with implementation, Kofler stated.
German development cooperation was promoting the transformation of the agricultural sector into an agro-ecological mode of production with reductions in the use of synthetic fertiliser and pesticides, the State Secretary explained. In this context, Germany was cooperating closely with local groups and was also basing its project activities on the traditional knowledge and knowhow of local farmers. Kofler estimates that in this manner, a better and more sustainable food base could be created for around 1.3 billion people in rural areas in Africa and Asia.
Protecting soil as a natural resource was also the aim of the considerable effort which the Federal Government was making in the context of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), the State Secretary stressed. According to estimates by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), around 600 million hectares of farmland was lost each year through degradation and desertification, Kofler maintained. In the context of the UNCCD, major efforts were being made to reclaim productive land, also through large-scale afforestation measures such as the Great Green Wall in Africa.
Particularly with regard to women, there could be no sustainable agricultural production without land rights, the State Secretary stressed in the GFFA panel debate, for without land titles, no investing in agriculture was possible. This was why the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines on Tenure (VGGT) was a further focal topic of German development cooperation.
Dr Susanne Neubert, Director of the Seminar for Rural Development at Humboldt University Berlin/Germany, referred to a trilemma of land use. This trilemma could only be overcome by achieving climate change mitigation, halting the dramatic loss of biodiversity and solving the global food crisis.
In this context, she stressed that these challenges were competing with each other. And here, what counted was to develop an integrative approach in land use.
Neubert proposes five strategies to achieve this, the first of them being the restoration of terrestrial ecosystems such as forests, wetlands and grasslands. Furthermore, around 30 per cent of the Earth’s surface should be designated as conservation areas.
The third item Neubert referred to was promoting a comprehensive ecological transformation in the form of an integrated landscape approach. Examples the scientist mentioned here included fish-rice systems or agroforestry.
Fourthly, guidelines ought to be developed for a planetary health diet. And finally, Neubert referred to shaping the bioeconomy, e.g. via using and storing biomass.
Implementing these strategies also requires change agents as pioneers of new forms of sustainable land cultivation, pro-active model states showing the way forward with new sustainability standards or subsidies for the sustainable use of land. At global level, Neubert called for a “Global Land Summit” and closer cooperation with international agricultural research, and last but not least, support for closer collaboration with like-minded states.
Achieving Die SDG 15 is also focused on by the UNCCD’s Global Mechanism. Its managing director Louise Baker stressed in the GFFA panel debate that the appreciation of soil as a natural resource was undergoing a change and pointed to the various regional initiatives such as the setting up of the African Great Green Wall, the implementation of which was also being supported by the private sector, for reclaiming arable land was an important investment in secure global food supply.
Baker hopes that support for regional initiatives will continue, and that these will be able to contribute to the goal of regenerating around a billion hectares of land over the next few years will be achieved by 2030. She emphasised that 128 UNCCD member states had already formulated their targets.
Author: Angelika Wilcke, editor, Rural 21, DLG-Verlag GmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany[email protected]
+91 7940069459
iPad应用程序商店应用程序支持横向和纵向模式。它还带回了折叠的想法及其公开链接“更多”。这样，iPad的应用程序商店应用程序的格式就更类似于iTunes的传统显示屏。
Das infomedia Pvt.Ltd。为企业和个人提供创新的解决方案。我们的解决方案将提高效率，质量，上市时间，我们的目标是为客户创造投资回报率。我们看到客户的增长。由于我们的响应能力和优质的服务，我们在外包业务方面取得了巨大的增长。当我们在供应链中向上发展时，我们发现我们的主要优势是创新，及早采用新技术和训练有素的团队。La teoria delle finestre rotte è stata formulata da James Wilson e George Kelling nel 1982. Secondo questa teoria, se qualcuno ha rotto il vetro in casa e nessuno ne ha inserito uno nuovo, presto non rimarrà una sola finestra intera in questa casa, e quindi inizierà il saccheggio. In altre parole, chiari segni di disordine e mancato rispetto da parte delle persone di norme di comportamento accettate inducono gli altri a dimenticare anche le regole. Come risultato della reazione a catena che ne deriva, un'area urbana "decente" può trasformarsi rapidamente in una cloaca, dove le persone hanno paura di uscire.
Per confermare la validità di questa teoria, i sociologi dell'Università di Groningen (Paesi Bassi) hanno condotto sei esperimenti per verificare la verità della teoria delle finestre rotte.
Esperimento 1
Il primo esperimento è stato condotto in una strada con molti negozi, vicino al muro di una casa, dove i Groningen, quando vengono a fare acquisti, parcheggiano le biciclette. C'era un segno luminoso e ben visibile contro questo muro che vietava di dipingere sui muri. All'inizio il muro era pulito. Gli sperimentatori hanno appeso un foglio di carta sul manubrio di ogni bicicletta (erano 77 in totale) con la scritta "Auguriamo buone feste a tutti!" e il logo di un negozio di articoli sportivi defunto. Nascosti in un angolo appartato, i ricercatori hanno iniziato a osservare le azioni dei ciclisti. Non c'erano bidoni della spazzatura per strada, quindi una persona poteva gettare un pezzo di carta per terra, o appenderlo su un'altra bicicletta, o portarlo con sé per buttarlo via più tardi. Le prime due opzioni sono state viste come una violazione delle norme accettate, la terza - come la loro osservanza.
Su 77 ciclisti, solo 25 (33%) si sono comportati in modo incivile. Quindi l'esperimento è stato ripetuto, con le stesse condizioni meteorologiche e alla stessa ora del giorno, avendo precedentemente dipinto il muro con disegni privi di significato. Questa volta, 53 persone su 77 (69%) sono state abbandonate. La differenza rivelata ha un alto grado di significatività statistica. Pertanto, infrangere il divieto di dipingere sui muri si è dimostrato un serio incentivo per le persone a infrangere un'altra regola generalmente accettata di non sporcare le strade.
Esperimento 2
Il secondo esperimento è stato quello di mostrare se la teoria delle finestre rotte è valida solo per norme generalmente accettate, o se si applica anche a regole locali stabilite per una particolare situazione o luogo. I ricercatori hanno bloccato l'ingresso principale del parcheggio con una recinzione, nella quale però è stata lasciata un'ampia fessura. Accanto ad essa è stato appeso un cartello "Divieto di entrata, bypass 200 m a destra", oltre a un avviso "È vietato allacciare le biciclette alla recinzione". L'esperimento è stato nuovamente condotto in due versioni: "l'ordine è osservato" e "l'ordine è violato". Nel primo caso, quattro biciclette si trovavano a un metro di distanza dalla recinzione, ovviamente non fissate ad essa. Nel secondo caso, le stesse biciclette sono state fissate alla recinzione. Da un luogo appartato, gli sperimentatori hanno osservato come si sarebbero comportati i cittadini che venivano a prendere le loro auto: aggiravano la recinzione o strisciavano attraverso un buco. Il risultato si è rivelato positivo: nella situazione "l'ordine è osservato" solo il 27% dei proprietari di auto è strisciato attraverso il buco, e nella situazione "l'ordine è stato violato" - 82%.
Esperimento 3
Il terzo esperimento è stato condotto in un parcheggio sotterraneo di un supermercato con un avviso grande e ben visibile "Si prega di restituire i carrelli della spesa presi dal negozio". Nella situazione “l'ordine è stato rispettato” non c'erano carri nel parcheggio, nella situazione “l'ordine è stato violato” c'erano quattro carri. I ricercatori hanno prudentemente imbrattato le loro penne con olio combustibile in modo che i visitatori non avessero il desiderio di usarle. Gli stessi pezzi di carta sono stati attaccati alle macchine come nel primo esperimento. Il risultato è stato lo stesso: nella prima situazione il 30% dei piloti ha gettato a terra un pezzo di carta, nella seconda il 58%.
Esperimento 4
Il quarto esperimento somigliava al primo, con la differenza che i segnali di "violazione delle norme da parte di altre persone" ora non erano visivi, ma sonori. Nei Paesi Bassi, l'uso di petardi e fuochi d'artificio a Capodanno è vietato dalla legge. Si è scoperto che i ciclisti sono molto più propensi a gettare pezzi di carta per terra se sentono il suono di petardi che esplodono.
Esperimenti 5 e 6
Nel quinto e sesto esperimento, le persone sono state provocate a piccoli furti. Dalla cassetta della posta sporgeva una busta con una finestra trasparente, dalla quale era ben visibile una banconota da 5 euro. Gli sperimentatori hanno monitorato le persone che passavano, contando il numero di furti. In una situazione di "buon ordine", la cassetta della posta era pulita e non c'erano detriti in giro. Nella situazione "fuori servizio", o la scatola era dipinta con graffiti privi di significato (Esperimento 5), oppure c'erano dei rifiuti in giro (Esperimento 6
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rappresentante dell'85 ° squadrone, il maggiore Andrew Swenson.
Il servizio stampa della US Air Force ha notato che i primi aerei da trasporto C-130 sono stati utilizzati per il trasporto di queste munizioni. E dopo la consegna delle bombe, dovevano ancora essere ritirate. Ciò ha richiesto un ulteriore investimento di tempo, particolarmente prezioso in condizioni di intense ostilità.
GBU-38 / B JDAM è una munizione regolabile del peso di 450 chilogrammi.Reading in Year 3 and 4 (age 7 - 9)
Most children will be really taking off with their reading in these years – reading much more fluently and beginning to tackle longer books with chapters as well as developing their own reading interests and opinions. There are still new skills to learn and reading in the junior years is about developing understanding of what they read and beginning to think about how and why a writer writes.
Reading to learn
Children in the lower juniors read for lots of different purposes across a wide range of different subjects and topics in the classroom. They will be taught how to decide what they need to know and then how to find and use information from a range of sources including dictionaries. They learn to work more confidently in groups and discuss, share and express views and opinions. They’ll probably be comparing what they see on screen and on the page.
Reading and writing skills
When reading and spelling unfamiliar words your child should be able to use what they know about the way words are structured to help them to read aloud and to understand meanings. Teachers will encourage children to write down their ideas using sentences, punctuation and words more adventurously and some schools will send home weekly spellings to be learned.
Your child will be learning to become an independent, fluent and enthusiastic reader and writer, using more varied grammar and vocabulary. Additionally, they will read extracts and whole texts as well as read, rehearse and perform these to improve their ability to speak well in different situations and with/for different people.
Your child will more frequently be choosing their own reading book(s) now, although some children still benefit from levelled books to help them to take steps towards reading longer books and also building their reading confidence. There will still be whole class and group/ guided reading sessions in class too, when the teacher will teach particular aspects of reading and writing. But there is less time for teachers to hear children read individually, so encourage your child to read alone and read with you at home and sometimes, silently.
Assessment and readingTeachers are still assessing all the time, collecting examples of your child’s reading and recording their observations too. Some schools get the children to take end of year practice tests. It's very common for children to assess or mark each other’s work as well as their own as this can be an effective form of learning. You will be kept informed about your child’s progress (through record books and parents' evenings) and if your child is finding reading tricky then extra support is usually provided by the teacher or specialist teacher, in consultation with you. This support is often through small group work and may be in or out of the classroom. Your support and encouragement is hugely important but as ever, if you’re worried then do talk to your child’s teacher.
Reading in Year 5 & 6 >NOT: Sistem kullanımına yönelik yardımcı rehber ve videolara YARDIM menüsünden ulaşabilirsiniz. Mobil cihazlardan sisteme bağlanmak yapmak için "Puffin Web Browser" uygulamasını (web tarayıcı) indirip, bu uygulama üzerinden sisteme giriş yapmanız önerilmektedir. Masaüstü ve ya da dizüstü bilgisayarınızdan "Internet Explorer" ya da "Mozilla Firefox" web tarayıcılarını kullanarak kolaylıkla sisteme giriş yapabilirsiniz. Yeni öğrencilerimiz sisteme Kullanıcı adı:"Öğrenci No" ve şifre:"T.C.Kimlik no" ile giriş yapacaklardır.Settimana della 5 domenica dopo il martirio – Mercoledì
Vangelo
Lc 20, 27-40
✠ Lettura del Vangelo secondo Luca
In quel tempo. Si avvicinarono al Signore Gesù alcuni sadducei – i quali dicono che non c’è risurrezione – e gli posero questa domanda: «Maestro, Mosè ci ha prescritto: “Se muore il fratello di qualcuno che ha moglie, ma è senza figli, suo fratello prenda la moglie e dia una discendenza al proprio fratello”. C’erano dunque sette fratelli: il primo, dopo aver preso moglie, morì senza figli. Allora la prese il secondo e poi il terzo e così tutti e sette morirono senza lasciare figli. Da ultimo morì anche la donna. La donna dunque, alla risurrezione, di chi sarà moglie? Poiché tutti e sette l’hanno avuta in moglie». Gesù rispose loro: «I figli di questo mondo prendono moglie e prendono marito; ma quelli che sono giudicati degni della vita futura e della risurrezione dai morti, non prendono né moglie né marito: infatti non possono più morire, perché sono uguali agli angeli e, poiché sono figli della risurrezione, sono figli di Dio. Che poi i morti risorgano, lo ha indicato anche Mosè a proposito del roveto, quando dice: “Il Signore è il Dio di Abramo, Dio di Isacco e Dio di Giacobbe”. Dio non è dei morti, ma dei viventi; perché tutti vivono per lui». Dissero allora alcuni scribi: «Maestro, hai parlato bene». E non osavano più rivolgergli alcuna domanda.
.
Dopo festa dei santi Arcangeli si torna al lezionario feriale. Anche oggi possiamo rileggere questa pagina di Vangelo alla luce di quella rivelazione di sapienza che andiamo cercando in questo anno pastorale.
C’è una sapienza umana che porta a domandarsi: che fine fanno i legami umani nella vita eterna? Che valore hanno i legami umani nella vita dopo la morte? È una domanda importante e lecita, dal momento che, nella vita, alcuni legami sono davvero il cuore dell’esistenza stessa. La domanda è posta in modo molto capzioso a Gesù, che viene preso in giro da coloro che non credono nell’esistenza della vita dopo la morte, e, quindi, nell’eternità. Gesù risponde con la sua divina sapienza, ricordando che l’eternità non è la continuazione delle esperienze temporali senza la negatività delle cose materiali. La vita nell’eternità è altra cosa rispetto a qualsiasi esperienza terrena. È contemplazione del volto di Dio, è trasfigurazione nel suo volto, è avvolgimento continuo e costante della sua misericordia e del suo amore. È in questa prospettiva che si rileggono anche i rapporti umani. È chiaro che nel mistero di Dio le anime si riconoscono, ma è altrettanto vero che non ci sarà più bisogno di quei legami umani che hanno segnato il tempo. In Dio “non ci sarà più moglie, non ci sarà più marito”, non già a discapito del matrimonio, ma affermando la trascendenza di un mistero che ci avvolgerà e nel quale comprenderemo anche le cose che, ora, non possiamo comprendere.
Con queste chiare affermazioni Gesù rimanda i suoi interlocutori a vivere pienamente questo tempo, preludio della manifestazione gloriosa dell’eternità.
2 Timoteo
2Tm 1, 1-12
Seconda lettera di san Paolo apostolo a Timòteo
Paolo, apostolo di Cristo Gesù per volontà di Dio e secondo la promessa della vita che è in Cristo Gesù, a Timòteo, figlio carissimo: grazia, misericordia e pace da parte di Dio Padre e di Cristo Gesù Signore nostro. Rendo grazie a Dio che io servo, come i miei antenati, con coscienza pura, ricordandomi di te nelle mie preghiere sempre, notte e giorno. Mi tornano alla mente le tue lacrime e sento la nostalgia di rivederti per essere pieno di gioia. Mi ricordo infatti della tua schietta fede, che ebbero anche tua nonna Lòide e tua madre Eunìce, e che ora, ne sono certo, è anche in te. Per questo motivo ti ricordo di ravvivare il dono di Dio, che è in te mediante l’imposizione delle mie mani. Dio infatti non ci ha dato uno spirito di timidezza, ma di forza, di carità e di prudenza. Non vergognarti dunque di dare testimonianza al Signore nostro, né di me, che sono in carcere per lui; ma, con la forza di Dio, soffri con me per il vangelo. Egli infatti ci ha salvati e ci ha chiamati con una vocazione santa, non già in base alle nostre opere, ma secondo il suo progetto e la sua grazia. Questa ci è stata data in Cristo Gesù fin dall’eternità, ma è stata rivelata ora, con la manifestazione del salvatore nostro Cristo Gesù. Egli ha vinto la morte e ha fatto risplendere la vita e l’incorruttibilità per mezzo del vangelo, per il quale io sono stato costituito messaggero, apostolo e maestro. È questa la causa dei mali che soffro, ma non me ne vergogno: so infatti in chi ho posto la mia fede e sono convinto che egli è capace di custodire fino a quel giorno ciò che mi è stato affidato.
Ancora più esplicito è il messaggio che viene a noi dalla prima lettura. Iniziamo la lettura della lettera a Timoteo che ha questo chiaro richiamo di San Paolo: “ravviva il dono della fede che è in te”. L’invito di San Paolo all’amico e collaboratore è quello di tenere sempre desta la fede, superando, di volta in volta, tutte quelle domande, o tutti quei dubbi o tutte quelle difficoltà che, legittimamente, possono entrare nell’anima. Credo che questa prospettiva ci dia una luce in più sul Vangelo. A volte ci sono domande che entrano dentro di noi, che si insinuano nell’anima, che ci portano a pensare. Anche dopo molti anni di professione e di vita cristiana può capitare così. In questi momenti ciò che tutti siamo chiamati a fare è proprio questo “ravvivare” il dono della fede che è in noi.
Come si ravviva il patrimonio della fede? San Paolo in queste poche righe ci dà una indicazione chiarissima: attingendo a quella serie di esempi che vengono, anzitutto, dalla tradizione della famiglia. San Paolo chiede a Timoteo di ricordare l’esempio della mamma e della nonna. Esempi semplici, di fede vissuta, di pietà condivisi, esempi di donne che pregano, sperano, vivono i valori del Vangelo. Possiamo immaginare che non avessero grande istruzione o ruoli di rilievo, eppure sono esempi di fede da seguire, proprio nella loro umiltà e nella loro semplicità. Sono loro che riaccendono la fede nei momenti difficili, sono gli esempi di questo genere che aiutano nell’ora del buio.
Per noi.
Credo che la domanda che ci dobbiamo fare anzitutto è questa:
- Chi sono gli esempi di fede che sono importanti per me?
- Dove attingo luce, quando sono nel momento della difficoltà, della prova, delle grandi domande?
Credo che farà bene a tutti, oggi, recuperare nella memoria gli esempi di fede della nostra tradizione cristiana personale o di famiglia, prima ancora che di popolo.
Potremmo poi chiederci:
- Quali sono le grandi domande che ho sulla vita eterna? Quali sono le domande grandi che ho nel cuore a proposito della risurrezione?
Ringraziamo il Signore che, con la luce del suo mistero, ancora una volta ci aiuta ad approfondire la Parola e a farne la guida per i nostri giorni.Yaratığın Gözyaşları
Yaratığın Gözyaşları’ndan…
Kızı mutlaka eroine alıştırır, zevk için onu döver, parça parça doğrardı. Sonra da toplumun aksi, kötü niyetli ve huylu cücelere hoşgörüyle davranmaması yüzünden geçici olarak çıldırdığını iddia eder, böylece adaletten yakasını kurtarırdı.
Harry kahvesinin son yudumunu içerek içini çekti. Pek çok insan gibi o da daha iyi bir dünyada yaşamanın özlemini çekiyordu. İşe gitmeden önce tabaklarla kapları yıkadı; kurulayıp yerlerine kaldırdı. Eve döndüğü zaman etrafın pis ve karışık olmasından nefret ederdi.
Ön antredeki aynanın önünde durarak kravatını düzeltti. Arkasına lacivert bit bleyzer geçirdi ve koltuğunun altındaki silah kılıfının belli olacak bir kabarıklık yapıp yapmadığına baktı
Son altı ay her çalışma günü yaptığı gibi, trafiği çok yoğun olan çevre yolları yerine, arka sokaklardan qeçerek Laguna Niguel’deki Çok Bölümlü Polis Özel Projeler Merkezine gitti. Yolda geçen zamanı azaltmak için bu yolları dikkatle seçmişti. Büroya en erken 8.15’de, en geç de 8.28’de varıyor, hiçbir zaman gecikmiyordu.
O salı günü Honda’sını iki katlı binanın batısındaki gölgeli açıklığa bırakırken arabanın saati 8.21’i göstermekteydi. Bileğindeki saat de bunu doğruluyordu. Zaten şu anda ,Harry’nin yazı masasındaki saatte, dairesindekiler de 8.2i’i gösteriyor olacaktı. Haftada iki kez bütün saatlerini birbirlerine göre ayarlıyordu.
Harry arabasının yanında durup gevşemek için derin derin soluk aldı. Gece yağmur yağmış, havayı tertemiz yapmıştı. Mart güneşi sabahı yaldızlıyordu; olgun bir şeftalinin içi gibiydi.
Özel Proje Merkezi, Laguna Nigel mimarlık ölçülerine uyması için Akdeniz tarzında yapılmıştı, iki katlı binanın önünde sütunlu bir veranda vardı. Etrafı iyice gelişmiş açelya ve dantel gibi dallı yüksek melalukalarla çevrili olan bu yer diğer polis binalarına hiç benzemiyordu. Özel Projede çalışan polislerden bazıları binayı pek kadınsı buluyorlarsa da, Harry oradan hoşlanıyordu.
İçerisinin resmi binalara özgü dekorunun dışarının pitoresk güzelliğiyle hiçbir ortak yanı yoktu. Mavi ,vinil karo döşeli zemin. Açık gri duvarlar. Akustik tavanlar. Ama buraya hakim olan profesyonel düzenli hava insanı rahatlatıyordu.
Bu erken saatte bile çok…Brillerà di nuovo sul LPGA Tour la stella di Giulia Molinaro: l’italiana ha chiuso al secondo posto nella money list del Symetra Tour 2015 ma da tempo ha in tasca la carta 2016 per il tour femminile più importante. Molinaro ha ceduto il primato nella classifica proprio all’ultima gara a Daytona Beach: l’italiana non ha giocato ed è scesa al secondo posto staccata dalla capolista per soli 41 dollari.
Nell’ordine di merito la veneta (con un montepremi di 68.632 dollari) è stata superata da Annie Park (68.673) in maniera rocambolesca: la Park è riuscita a recuperare il 14° posto nella classifica in Florida grazie a un eagle sull’ultima buca del Symetra Tour Championship.
La gara è stata vinta dalla thailandese Sherman Santiwiwatthanaphong con 274 colpi (-14). Ha concluso al 68° con 295 (+7) Silvia Cavalleri.
Nel LPGA Tour 2016 anche le altre sette concorrenti classificate tra i quarto e il decimo, nell’ordine Daniela Iacobelli, la svedese Dani Homqvist, Lee Lopez, la messicana Alejandra Llaneza, Vicky Hurst, Casey Grice e Rachel Rohanna. Al 75° Silvia Cavalleri con 9.820 dollari.برنامه همکاری علمی و فناوری با متخصصان بین المللی کلید خورد
به گزارش آموزشگاه ما، به گزارش خبرنگاران، دکتر مهدی قلعه نوی در مراسم همکاری با متخصصان و کارآفرینان بین المللی که امروز به صورت آنلاین در محل معاونت علمی و فناوری برگزار گردید، مطرح کرد: رویکرد مرکز تعاملات بین المللی علم و فناوری توسعه اقتصاد دانش بنیان است که این رویه در کشور و در جهان به عنوان پایه اقتصاد مورد توجه قرار می گیرد.
رئیس مرکز تعاملات بین المللی علم و فناوری اضافه نمود: در این مرکز 3 برنامه یاری به تعاملات بین المللی شرکت های دانش بنیان، توسعه ارتباطات بین المللی این شرکت ها در عرصه بین المللی و صادرات و یاری به ارتقا و توسعه نیروی انسانی را در دستور کار قرار دادیم.
قلعه نوی گفت: در فاز اول برنامه همکاری با متخصصان بین المللی به استفاده حداکثری از ظرفیت های نیروی انسانی تاکید داریم به همین دلیل پلتفرمی را تعریف کردیم که در آن 9 هزار نفر از ایرانیان صاحب سرمایه و دانش و خلاقیت از این ظرفیت استفاده کردند زیرا ایران به لحاظ جغرافیایی کشوری است که مهاجر پذیری بالایی دارد.
وی مطرح کرد: ما در زمینه همکاری با متخصصان و کارآفرینان بین المللی در ابتدای راه هستیم و ضروری است که این برنامه تکمیل تر گردد چراکه احتیاج به همکاری همه جانبه داریم تا بتوانیم حداکثر استفاده از این نیروهای انسانی را داشته باشیم.
مهدی محمودی مدیر کل و دبیر کمیسیون ساماندهی اتباع و مهاجرین خارجی در ادامه گفت: در برنامه ای که معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری در حال انجام است نیز سعی شده با هماهنگی وزارت کشور
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still have a long road ahead of us, but we have a
lot of bright, committed people,” she says. “And amfAR is right there funding
scientists to do the research—the best scientists who are now working. We’ve
all done our part towards curing HIV. And I think amfAR is going to go a long
way towards making that happen.”Owen Wilson è presente sul panorama di Hollywood da un pezzo e ha già girato ben 47 film nella sua carriera… dicendo “WOW” 102 volte.
Un video supercut ci mostra tutti i WOW di Owen Wilson, pronunciati dall’attore nei 47 film girati nella sua carriera
L’ormai celebre wow di Owen Wilson, un’esclamazione che l’attore pronuncia molto spesso nei suoi film, è diventato nel tempo un famoso meme e una divertente curiosità; tanto da spingere qualcuno a riguardarsi ogni sua pellicola per contare il numero di volte in cui l’attore pronuncia quello che ormai è diventato il suo marchio di fabbrica.
Sembra che Wilson la pronunci con una media di circa 2 volte a film, come dimostrato dal video supercut montato in ordine cronologico che segue:Sahne Önü köşemizde bir kez daha Chris Cornell’i selamlıyoruz ve efsane müzisyenin 2000’li yılların ilk yarısındaki akustik canlı performasını hatırlıyoruz.
Cornell milenyum döneminde Audioslave grubunun ortaya çıkmasına öncülük etmişti. Audioslave, aynı adlı ilk uzunçalarını takvimler 2002’yi gösterirken yayımladı.
Audioslave hakkındaki albüm kritik yazımızı okuyun.
Bu kayıt beklentileri tam anlamıyla karşılayamamış olsa da içerikte yer alan kimi şarkılar bugün bile önemini koruyor. Like a Stone şüphesiz bunlardan biri.
Şimdi yıllar öncesine gidiyoruz. Chris Cornell tek başına kameraların karşısında. Kendini tanıtıp ardından Like a Stone‘a başlayacak.1282 - Llywelyn the Last, the last native Prince of Wales, is killed at Cilmeri, near Builth Wells, south Wales.
1602 - A surprise attack by forces under the command of the Duke of Savoy and his brother-in-law, Philip III of Spain, is repelled by the citizens of Geneva. Commemorations/celebrations on Fête de l'Escalade are usually held on December 11 or the closest weekend.
1789 - The University of North Carolina is chartered by the North Carolina General Assembly.
1792 - French Revolution: King Louis XVI of France is put on trial for treason by the National Convention.
1816 - Indiana becomes the 19th U.S. state.
1905 - A workers' uprising occurs, establishing the Shuliavka Republic in Kiev.
1907 - The New Zealand Parliament Buildings are almost completely destroyed by fire.
1917 - British General Edmund Allenby enters Jerusalem on foot and declares martial law.
1925 - Quas Primas Roman Catholic papal encyclical introduces the Feast of Christ the King.
1927 - Guangzhou Uprising: Communist militia and worker Red Guards launch an uprising in the Chinese city of Guangzhou, taking over most of the city and announcing the formation of a Guangzhou Soviet.
1931 - The British Parliament enacts the 1931 Statute of Westminster, establishing legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Irish Free State, Dominion of Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa.
1936 - Abdication Crisis: Edward VIII's abdication as King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India becomes effective.
1937 - Second Italo-Abyssinian War: Italy leaves the League of Nations.
1941 - World War II: Germany and Italy declare war on the United States, following the Americans' declaration of war on Japan in the wake of the attack on Pearl Harbor. The United States, in turn, declares war on Germany and Italy.
1946 - The United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) is established.
1958 - French Upper Volta gains self-government from France, and becomes the Republic of Upper Volta, taking membership in the French Community.
1960 - French forces crack down in a violent clash with protesters in French Algeria during a visit by French president Charles de Gaulle.
1964 - Che Guevara speaks at the United Nations General Assembly in New York City. An unknown terrorist fires a mortar shell at the building during the speech.
1971 - The Libertarian Party of the United States is formed.
1972 - Apollo 17 becomes the sixth Apollo mission to land on the Moon.
1980 - The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (also known as CERCLA or Superfund) is enacted by the U.S. Congress.
1981 - El Mozote massacre: Armed forces in El Salvador kill an estimated 900 civilians in an anti-guerrilla campaign during the Salvadoran Civil War.
1993 - Forty-eight people are killed when a block of the Highland Towers collapses near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
1994 - First Chechen War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin orders Russian troops into Chechnya.
1997 - The Kyoto Protocol opens for signature.
1998 - Thai Airways Flight 261 crashes near Surat Thani Airport, killing 101. The pilot flying the Thai Airways Airbus A310-300 is thought to have suffered spatial disorientation.
2001 - The People's Republic of China joins the World Trade Organization.
2005 - The Buncefield Oil Depot catches fire in Hemel Hempstead, England.
2005 - Cronulla riots: Thousands of White Australians demonstrate against ethnic violence resulting in a riot against anyone thought to be Lebanese (and many who were not) in Cronulla Sydney. These are followed up by retaliatory ethnic attacks on Cronulla.
2006 - The International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust is opened in Tehran, Iran by Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; Nations such as Israel and the United States express concern.
2007 - Two car bombs explode at the Constitutional Court building in Algiers and the United Nations office. An estimated 45 people are killed in the bombings.
2008 - Bernard Madoff arrested and charged with securities fraud in $50 billion Ponzi scheme. برترین برنامه های کارشناسی ارشد سیدنی آمریکا 2019
کارشناسی ارشد به دانشجویانی اعطا می شود که مقطع تحصیلی فوق لیسانس در یک رشته تحصیلی یا زمینه حرفه ای خاص را به پایان رسانده اند و در این مسیر از تسلط بالایی در حوزه مورد نظر برخوردار گردیده اند.
کارشناسی ارشد یک برنامه علمی در سطح کارشناسی ارشد است که حدود دو سال طول می کشد فراتر از مدرک کارشناسی دریافت است. کارشناسی ارشد در بسیاری از تخصص های مختلف ارائه شده، و بسته به مدرسه، آنها نیز ممکن است آنلاین و یا در فرد ارائه می شود. درآمد یک استاد ممکن است به فرصت های شغلی برای فارغ التحصیلان افزایش منجر شود.
ایالات متحده آمریکا محبوب ترین مقصد جهان برای دانشجویان بین المللی است. دانشگاه در ایالات متحده تسلط رتبه بندی جهان و کشور نیز ارائه می دهد طیف گسترده ای از مکان مطالعه هیجان انگیز است. سیستم دانشگاه ایالتی هستند بخشی از دولت های ایالتی یارانه، و ممکن است بسیاری از دانشگاه ها در سراسر دولت، با صدها هزار نفر از دانش آموزان داشته باشد.
سگینا، تگزاس است در میشیگان، ایالات متحده آمریکا واقع شده است. موسسات آموزش عالی در شهرستان به خوبی برای برتری در ورزش شناخته شده است. سگینا، تگزاس به عنوان یک محل بر این باور بودند که در آن از Sauk، قبیله های باستانی.
کارشناسی های ارشد سیدنی استرالیا را ملاحظه کنید 2019
اداره رسانه های جدید و ارتباطات (NMCA) قصد دارد تا متخصصین فناوری رسانه های جدید و متخصصانی که دارای دانش رسانه بازار بزرگ چین هستند، تمرین کنند. برنامه درسی NMCA دوره ها
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برنامه های کارشناسی ارشد 2019 سیدنی استرالیا. چرا در برنامه مدیریت رسانه های جدید و ارتباطات (NMCA) مطالعه می کنید؟یک هزینه تحصیل برای یک درجه دوپنج حوزه تخصصي تخصصيمنطقه مورد علاقه 1: ارتباط کاربردی و بازاریابی رسانه های جدید (ارائه شده توسط MCU-MI)منطقه مورد علاقه 2: اداره ارتباطات (6 اعتبار مورد نیاز؛ ارائه شده توسط SVSU)منطقه مورد علاقه 3: محیط ارتباطات (6 اعتبار مورد نیاز؛ ارائه شده توسط SVSU)منطقه مورد علاقه 4: ارتباط کاربردی و بازاریابی رسانه های جدید (ارائه شده توسط MCU-MI)منطقه مورد علاقه 5: رسانه های چینی معاصر و بازار (ارائه شده توسط MCU-MI)دانشجویان MCU دریافت تخفیف هزینه اعتباری دریافت می کننداعتبارات پیشین در تایوان برای کوتاه کردن دوره مطالعهتعامل و تبادل با دانشجویان محلیلذت بردن از امکانات پیشرفته در SVSUمأموریت...
[-]رئیس انجمن انبوه سازان مسکن با اشاره به طرح مسکن اقساطی گفت: سود 28 درصد مناسب مسکن اقساطی نیست.
به گزارش روابط عمومی شبکه پنج سیما، مجتبی بیگدلی رئیس انجمن انبوه سازان مسکن در گفتگوی کوتاه تلفنی با مجله اقتصادی روزآمد که با موضوع مسکن اقساطی بر روی آنتن رفت، با بیان این مطلب گفت: کشور در تاریخی ترین و عمیق ترین رکورد اقتصادی فرو رفته است و متاسفانه اکنون سه سالی است که حتی یک واحد مسکونی هم به واسطه کمک و مساعدت دستگاه های ذیربط در این حوزه ساخته نشده است. دولت نیز به عنوان صاحب وام و زمین یکی از بزرگترین دستگاه ها و دارای بالاترین اختیارات در این زمینه است.
وی ادامه داد: فعالیت ساختمان سازی و مسکن صنعتی است که در کشور ما بیش از 70 درصد اشتغالزایی به همراه دارد.2
زمان مطالعه: 2 دقیقه
همان مواد غذایی سالمی که در وعده های اصلی انتخاب و مصرف می کنید. میان وعده ها معمولاً باید ۱۵ گرم کربوهیدرات به ازای هر واحد (سروینگ) باشند. شما می توانید مواد غذایی از گروه غلات از جمله پاپ...
همیشه آماده و مجهز باشید! هنگامی که غذایتان دیر می شود یا یک تغییر پیش بینی نشده در برنامه تان پیش می آید، همراه داشتن یک میان وعده برای شما مفید خواهد بود.
میان وعده ها را می توانید در کشوی میز کار، کیف دستی، کوله پشتی یا جیب کتتان ذخیره کنید. همراه داشتن یک میان وعده سالم از افت قند خون و پناه بردن به غذاهای رستورانها و اغذیه فروشیها که ارزش غذایی چندانی ندارند، جلوگیری می کند.
منابع:Ultrasound (US) imaging, also called ultrasound scanning or sonography, is a method of "seeing" inside the human body through the use of high-frequency sound waves. The sound waves are recorded and displayed as a real-time visual image. No radiation is involved in ultrasound imaging.
US is a useful way of examining many of the body’s internal organs, including the heart, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, and bladder.
Because US images are captured in real-time, they can show movement of internal tissues and organs, and enable physicians to see blood flow and heart valve functions. This can help to diagnose a variety of heart conditions and to assess damage after a heart attack or other illness.به دعوت فدراسیون بولینگ، رسانه های ورزشی در مسابقاتی به عنوان جام رسانه ها در رشته بولینگ شرکت کردند که برنامه 90 با کاپیتانش عادل فردوسی پور هم در آن شرکت داشت.جالب اینکه او خرجش را از تیم شبکه سه که مزدک میرزایی و پیمان یوسفی در آن شرکت داشتند جدا کرد.
او در پایان بازی ها به اتاق شمارش آرا رفت که با اعتراض هایی همراه شد و بالاخره هم تیمش چهارم شد و روی سکو نرفت.در این بازی ها رادیو ورزش اول شد.21 Aprile 2012 alle 08:27 #23682
Johnny Hooker
Moderatore
D’ accordo su quasi tutti i fronti, io mi sto avvicinando alla pipa perchè voglio fumare la pipa, volevo prendere proprio la minuto, ma quando ho visto che era una pipa a metà, ho immediatamente rinunciato.
Non ho bisogno di alcun maestro. Il modo di tenerla ... di girarla ... me lo insegna la cartina stessa. Per omaggiare la bellissima firma de El Merendero.Sokak Kedisi Bob
(2016)
Yönetmen:Roger Spottiswoode
uyuşturucu bağılmısı James'in şansı gittikce azalmaktadır tek destekcisi en iyi arkadaşıdır.Londra sokaklarında müzik yaparak hayyatta kalmaya çalışır ancak kimse onu fark etmez bir gün banyo yaparken evden ses geldiğini duyar bir kedi mutfakta yemek yemektedir.Kedinin sahibi olduğunu düşünür fakar bir kaç gün boyunca kedi hep ordadır en son ayağındaki enfeksiyonu fark edip veterinere götür ve ikilinin hikayesi başlar.İyi Seyirler...本文来自lihao's Blog，转载请注明。
it公司里经常会听到测试策略, 产品推广策略等这个组合词, 但是研发策略, 设计策略 很少有人提起? 到底什么是策略 ? 以及如何设计一个好的策略？
中国文字博大精深, 我们首先查下词典先.
基本解释
引证解释
所以通常我们在工作中提到的策略, 往往是指计划或者规划. 并包含关于形势发展的预测以及对应的方针和斗争方法的调整.
那么就测试策略,来发表下个人意见,应该包含哪些内容.
1. 测试计划. (最重要的部分) 需要了解测试的对象, 测试的周期, 测试的阶段划分, 以及每个测试的时间计划安排.
2. 计划中各阶段的控制. (测试中可以称为阶段的准入,准出) . 这部分是用于保证测试对象的发展符合我们的预期发展, 并达到我们的目标. 测试计划的最终结果, 往往是输出一个好质量产品. 如何保证时间计划安排执行和检验测试计划的执行过程也是非常重要的. 例如可以给出阶段的准入,准出标准. 以及质量风险预警等.
3. 测试如何协调更多的资源去一块保证质量, 需要用艺术的方法, 团结一切可以团结的力量.新德里
（来源/网络）
来自《结合国防治荒芜化公约》（unccdcop14）197个缔约方的与会者将首次获取年夜年夜量主要的新迷信数据。他们将获取2000年以来地盘进化趋势的地球不雅观不雅观测数据，这些数据来自169个受荒芜化影响的国家中的120个。他们还将收到由结合国当局间气候改观专门委员会（ipcc）编写的第一份关于荒芜化和蔼候改观的讲演。
“印度是受荒芜化影响的国家之一，面对着新的挑战，此中包孕反复干旱和沙尘暴，结合国荒芜化公约实行秘书长moniquebarbut说：“这个国家有巨年夜年夜潜力，能够也许颠末过程改善地盘垄断和治理，将这些挑战转化为机遇，并提供世界需要采纳年夜胆步履的带领。”
“印度认可地盘光复是一项具备本钱效益的投资，能够也许加快向全世界过渡。在印度的带领下，实现地盘进化总面积zero增添的国际极力能够也许会获取巨猛搁浅”，barbut增补说：“作为缔约方会议的主席国，《公约》的197个缔约方能够也许创作发现咱们需要的情况，为实现共同方针提供立异和奇奥的。”
估计到2050年，印度人丁将达到17亿，印度是第一个努力于实现2030年方针的国家之一，即实现地盘进化总面积zero增添(landdegradationneutrality/ldn)。
最不发财国家是方针的方针，旨在颠末过程采纳三项具体步履阻挠地盘进化。列国允诺按照优先挨次防止、削减和旋转地盘进化。实现地盘进化总面积zero增添，能够也许帮忙弱势群体改善他们的保留，世界各地的社区能够也许加强
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number of representatives adds up. . . . An alternative would be to use a similar procedure, but start by giving an extra seat to the most populous state, rather than to the state with the highest fraction.
And so on. But it turns out that systems like these, though they seem fairer than picking an arbitrary policy for rounding up or down, can lead to the “Alabama paradox.” In 1881, as Congress debated the preferred size of the House, it was discovered that, in a House of 299 members, Alabama would have eight representatives; in a House of 300, they would have seven. In other words, a state’s delegation could shrink as the total number of representatives grew.
If discussions such as these seem abstruse—burdened as they are with details only a mathematician could care about—the real-world implications can be substantial. Much rides on the choice of mathematical models: a state has reason to care whether it has two, three, or four votes in the House. As the Yale Law Journal said, “The real controversy concerns selection of the method of apportionment closest to the standard, which the Constitution must have implied, of being fair to every state. To resolve that controversy, mathematics must come to the aid of law.”
It’s telling that learned articles on the subject appear in journals like Quarterly Publications of the American Statistical Association and American Mathematical Monthly: this is a problem that requires scrutiny by professional mathematicians. But no amount of arithmetical ingenuity can ever solve it once and for all. In 1982, two mathematicians proved that every system of apportionment necessarily falls prey to some paradox.
Since Washington vetoed the first apportionment bill in 1792, the population of the United States has multiplied nearly a hundredfold, and has more than tripled since the size of the House was set at 435. There’s no longer any danger of having a representative for fewer than 30,000 residents; in the current apportionment, based on the census of 2000, each House member represents more than twenty times the lower limit specified by the Constitution.
Critics have argued that the size of the House should be increased: as the number of representatives grows larger and the districts grow smaller, the districts become less susceptible to gerrymandering, the disparities in the Electoral College become less pronounced, and the difficulties of rounding apportioned seats become less acute. It’s less painful to round 100.9 down to 100 than it is to round 1.9 down to 1. But such proposals have attracted little support, and it may be impossible to return to the kinds of numbers conceived by the founders. Now that the country’s population has passed 300 million, allotting one representative to every thirty thousand people after the census of 2010 would mean a House of more than ten thousand representatives. It’s hard to imagine how a government of that size could function, to say nothing of finding a building large enough to seat them.
It may be unusual for articles on Constitutional questions to begin, as Michael Balinski and H. Peyton Young’s “Jefferson Method of Apportionment” does, with “Let p = (p1, . . . ps) be the populations of s states, pi > 0 for all i, and h ≥ 0 be the number of seats. . . .” But this is a case where fundamental questions of justice require the consultation of experts, and where a sense of fairness depends on elaborate calculations.
Yet the mathematicians will never be able to solve the matter to everyone’s satisfaction, which means the constitutional question is destined to last. No system can guarantee the “one proportion or divisor” that Washington wanted: some votes will always count more than others. It’s inescapable. As United States Senator from Massachusetts Daniel Webster put it in 1830, “Enjoining an absolute relative equality”—that is, making every vote count for the same amount—“would be demanding an impossibility.” He summarizes two centuries’ efforts to distribute voting power equitably: “That which cannot be done perfectly, must be done in a manner as near perfection as can be. If exactness cannot, from the nature of things, be attained, then the greatest practicable approach to exactness ought to be made.”
The one man, one vote ideal complicated proportional representation. Interpreter Ben Knecht ponders.
Jack Lynch, author of Becoming Shakespeare: The Unlikely Afterlife That Turned a Provincial Playwright into the Bard (Walker & Co., 2007) is associate professor of English at Rutgers University. He contributed to the spring 2009 journal “A Principal Source of Dishonor: Indian Policies in Early America.”
Suggestions for further reading:
- “Apportionment of the House of Representatives,” Yale Law Journal 58, no. 8 (July 1949): 1360–86.
- Michel L. Balinski and H. Peyton Young, Fair Representation: Meeting the Ideal of One Man, One Vote, 2nd ed. (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2001).
- I. Bernard Cohen, The Triumph of Numbers: How Counting Shaped Modern Life (New York: W. Norton, 2005).
- F. Owens, “On the Apportionment of Representatives,” Quarterly Publications of the American Statistical Association 17, no. 136 (Dec. 1921): 958–68.
- U.S. Census Bureau, “Congressional Apportionment.”
- United States Constitution
- Politics in colonial Virginiaملت ایران: دیوید مویس، سرمربی منچستریونایتد، با ستایش از نمایش های اخیر وین رونی، او را بازیکنی مهم برای شیاطین سرخ نامید.
علی رغم جنجال هایی که در مورد رفتن یا ماندن رونی از منچستریونایتد در تابستان ایجاد شد، او در ۱۱ دیداری که در دو ماه اخیر برای این تیم و همچنین تیم ملی انگلیس انجام داد، ۷ گل به ثمر رساند.
مویس هم معتقد است که پختگی رونی در نمایش های او کلملا مشخص است.
او به خبرنگاران گفت: " او در مقطعی از دوران حرفه ای اش است که می تواند یکی از بازیکنان اصلی تیم باشد. او بی تردید یکی از بازیکنان اصلی ماست.
او مسئولیت هایی برعهده می گیرد، گل هایی حساس به ثمر می رساند و این کاری است که از سنین پایین انجام داده است.
او در این سن به پختگی رسیده و این در شیوه بازی او به خوبی مشخص است؛ با بازی هایی که در تیم ملی و باشگاه به نمایش می گذارد. "
مویس معتقد است نمایش های خوب رونی نشان داده که تصمیمش برای نگه داشتن این مهاجم درست بوده است.
" من او را از اولین روز تمرینات پیش فصل دیدم و باید این را دائما می گفتم زیرا رسانه ها نظر دیگری داشتم.
من می دیدم که او در فرم فوق العاده ای است. او بسیار منظم بود. او هر روز در تمرینات عالی بود. اما بقیه مسائل دیگری را مطرح می کردند و برای من دشوار بود که آنچه می دانم را ثابت کنم. "I visitatori della terra dei vulcani rimangono colpiti dai suoi paesaggi mozzafiato, come se avessero messo piede su un altro pianeta. Il vapore che fuoriesce dai numerosi geyser scintilla al sole che tramonta, mentre le colate di lava gorgogliante si solidificano lentamente in forme rocciose contorte e ultraterrene. L'unica cosa è che non c'è assolutamente nulla da mangiare da queste parti! Non credere a chi dice che i draghi di lava non hanno bisogno di cibo: Chabba è la prova vivente del contrario.
Un vero buongustaio, apprezza una cena abbondante e una buona dormita più di ogni altra cosa. Ma alcuni anni fa il sonno era il suo principale e unico piacere. Nelle lande vulcaniche non si trovavano bocconcini appetitosi, quindi non c'era nulla che potesse turbare l'animo del futuro ghiottone. Si sdraiava sulle calde pendici del vulcano, che di tanto in tanto sputava pezzi di roccia nel cielo.
Finché una mattina fu svegliato da un profumo sconosciuto. Le sue narici annusarono avidamente l'aria e la saliva fluì liberamente dalla sua bocca zannuta. Alzandosi di scatto dal suo nido roccioso, Chabba si precipitò alla ricerca della fonte di quel meraviglioso aroma. Arrivò presto in un piccolo villaggio, dove una giovane donna stava cucinando uno stufato nella sua cucina. Che bellezza! Lo stufato, s'intende. Allettato dal delizioso aroma, Chabba si lanciò maldestramente in avanti, facendo cadere alcuni utensili dal tavolo e spaventando la padrona di casa.
Il drago si avvicinò lentamente al suo bersaglio, mentre la ragazza indietreggiava, pallida come un fantasma. Non sapeva che Chabba non aveva intenzione di farle del male. All'improvviso, qualcosa balenò fuori dalla finestra, seguito da un forte boato e da nuvole di fumo. Orchi predoni dell'Altopiano di Hardan erano giunti al villaggio per schiavizzare i suoi abitanti! Chabba, tuttavia, aveva in mente una sola cosa e quindi interpretò l'attacco degli orchi in modo un po' diverso. Quegli ignobili mostri erano venuti a prendere il suo stufato!
Oh, che strage! I nemici dalla pelle verde furono immediatamente ridotti in brandelli carbonizzati dal drago altamente protettivo. Una volta che la polvere si diradò, Chabba tirò un sospiro di sollievo: il suo stufato era al sicuro. Gli abitanti del villaggio rimasero semplicemente disorientati di fronte agli eventi della giornata. Solo il giovane cuoco intuì cosa stesse cercando, tolse la pentola dal fuoco e gliela porse. Da quel giorno, Chabba divenne il protettore del villaggio in cambio di una costante fornitura di prelibatezze.
Ma allora, cosa c'entra Chabba con i Guardiani, ti chiederai? Beh, si sa, loro viaggiano molto e con i viaggi hanno l'opportunità di provare la cucina di ogni angolo del Dominion. Trai le tue conclusioni!
Eroe
Chabba
Tank/ Manipolazione
Combatte in prima linea
Forza
Chabba ama ogni genere di cibo, ma in particolare le costolette alla Haan! Chabba ha una pelle grossa, impenetrabile. Nessuno può fermarlo quando è in cerca di cibo!
Leggi la storia completa
Statistiche massime
Potere189 522
Salute1 095 632
Forza17 624
Armatura49 018
Attacco fisico74 289
Agilità3 032
Attacco magico9 881
Difesa magica44 541
Intelligenza2 777
Patrocinio
Chabba
Abilità
Appetito insaziabile
Rutto
Strato di grasso
Strato di grasso
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浮动工具栏的字体为 Roboto Medium 14sp，全部大写。1799 yılının 20 Mayıs günü Tours'da dünyaya geldi. Aslında Balssa olan soyadı Balzac olarak değiştirildi. Kendinden on beş yaş büyük bir kadın olan Bayan de Beny'le evlendi. Onun desteği ve etkisiyle kendini iyiden iyiye yazına verdi.
19 Ağustos 1850'de, elli bir yaşında öldü. Romancı, çağının tarihini yaptığını iddia etti. Fransa'nın bütün eyaletlerini gezmişti.
Olağanüstü ve acımasız gözlemciliği, insafsız belleği yanında, taşkın, yaratıcı ve yoğun, sonsuz zenginlikte bir imgeleme sahip, dahi yazar Balzac'ın özelliği hiç kuşkusuz nesnelliktir.انتخاب تبریز به عنوان دبیرخانه ملی جام پرچم
به گزارش ایرنا، محبوب تیزپاز روز پنجشنبه در کارگروه تدوین دستورالعمل و شیوه نامه اجرایی المپیاد فرهنگی ورزشی پرچم اظهار کرد: ورزش یک بازدارنده مهم، کاربردی و جامع در مقابل تمام نابسامانی های اجتماعی است که رهبر معظم انقلاب نیز به آن اشاره فرمودهاند.
قائم مقام شهردار تبریز خاطرنشان کرد: به تعبیر رهبر معظم انقلاب اگر ورزش قهرمانی را تقویت کنیم، بستر لازم را برای ورزش همگانی فراهم کرده ایم و در این راستا زمینه و بسترهای لازم برای ورزش را باید شهرداریها بر عهده بگیرند.
به گزارش ایرنا، شهرداری تبریز به همت سازمان بسیج در سال های اخیر چندین دوره مسابقات جام پرچم را تدارک دیده که با استقبال پر شور مواجه شده است.An Aspin valve
consists of a cone
part fitted to the cylinder head
. Aspin valves were first patented by Frank Metcalf Aspin in 1937 although the idea was probably devised before this time. It has a large opening in one side which reveals the gases
in its internal combustion
chamber to the spark plug
, inlet port and outlet port accordingly. It is attached to the engine
via a shaft at its top, allowing it to rotate horizontally above the cylinder.The fruit of the chestnut was an important source of food for people and animals in this part of France, and even today chestnuts remain central to many regional dishes. Dried chestnuts as well as acorns were also commonly used to feed pigs, another staple of ArdËches cuisine, and spiked clogs were used to crush the hard outer shells of these fruits.
Excerpted from Fall/Winter 2015 Ornamentum. Click here to subscribe.
Elizabeth Semmelhack is Senior Curator at the Bata Shoe Museum in Toronto.
Chestnut-crushing clogs were used in nineteenth-century France to de-shell acorns and chestnuts. The meat from the nuts was ground into flour or used as pig feed.
France, 1800-1900 Wood, forged iron, leather
L: 28.5 cm; W: 10.5 cm;
H: 22 cm
Photograph: Bata Shoe Museum, Toronto, CanadaBuon anno nuovo a tutti ben ritrovati con il primo episodio di ROH TV! Questo episodio sarà ancora un Best of 2018, questa volta riguardante il roster WOH. E' stato sicuramente un grande anno per le donne della ROH, tanto da avere anche una campionessa che le rappresenti nel mondo. Abbiamo anche visto donne provenienti da tutti gli angoli del mondo, Giappone, Stati Uniti e altro, per non dimenticare i debutti. Uno tra questi, è quello di Tenille Dashwood. E veniamo portati a Honor Reigns Supreme del 2018, proprio con il debutto di Tenille.
KELLY KLEIN & STACY
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ato e livellarlo.
Disporre uno strato di Petit Beurre e procedere in questo modo fino a esaurire tutti gli ingredienti. Ultimare il
dolce con il cioccolato (si ottengono circa 4 strati). Coprire e mettere in frigo per circa 3 ore.
Servire
Estrarre il dolce dallo stampo e btogliere la pellicola trasparente. Servirlo tagliato a fette.针对早前有学生在迎新周活动上被性骚扰一事，拉曼理工大学表示加害者已受到适当惩罚，并将安排其向受害者正式道歉。
大家在学生时代是否有遭遇过类似对待呢？
郑恩惠原来是一名拥有4000幅画作的画家，不仅曾经举办个人画展，同时还经营自己YouTube频道，与粉丝互动，分享个人生活趣事。
中国河北省唐山市一名女子10日被性骚扰后立即制止男子，怎料男子对其进行殴打，其同伙随即加入实施暴行，使受害女子最终浑身是血，奄奄一息地倒在地上。
这名武术教练在雪隆总共涉及4宗非礼案，在隆市涉及的2宗非礼案，受害者都是小学生！
“They”和“Them'的含义,用来指代“他们” “她们”和“它们”,还可以指代一个性别身份是非二元的人。少年被指不当使用代词称呼他人，惹来性骚扰指控。
家长或是身边的大人，真的要留意身边孩子的身心情况。尤其是年幼孩子出现异常行为时，需要适时了解孩子的生活。
2名骑士男的行径太可恶了！女生夜间外出真的要加倍小心！
猥琐司机先是问女乘客有没有男友，得知她没有男友后，又问她有没有玩过“睡觉游戏”，还说他愿意付钱，把女乘客吓哭了。
继早前让王牌主播克里斯无限期停职后，美国CNN周六宣布正式解雇克里斯，立即生效，理由是有新证据显示，克里斯密切参与帮助他的哥哥 - 前纽约州州长安德鲁·科莫在一连串的性骚扰指控中进行辩护。
美国时间周五（29日）一名纽约法院在没有询问检察官或原告的情况下，对前纽约州长安德鲁·科莫（Andrew Cuomo）提出刑事诉讼。
马来西亚跳水公主潘德蕾拉再度为性骚扰者发声，冀望提高公众意识，并呼吁切莫美化肇事者及其后台。
在大马跨性别企业家努沙加申诉遭官员性骚扰后，雪州宗教局主任放话挑战，要求努沙加回国出示证据。
微软公司高层曾在2008年向其创办人比尔盖茨对一名女性员工多次发出骚扰电邮一事发出警告。
美国CNN黄金时段主持人克里斯·科莫遭前上司指控，曾在16年前性骚扰过她。这让他与哥哥，即前纽约州长一样卷入性骚扰事件。
周二，“朱军性骚扰案”二度开审，引发一场小风波。一名跨性别者在庭外声援受害者，结果遭到公安阻止。
科莫坚称自己并没有涉及性骚扰，只承认部分行为或许让人感到不愉快，但在各方压力下，他已宣布辞去纽约州长职位，而继任者将是一名女性。
纽约市人权委员会对福斯新闻网（Fox News）处以100万美元的罚款，这是该委员会历史上最大的一笔罚款，原因是该委员认为，福斯新闻网违反了防止性骚扰和工作报复法律。
近日，韩国电视台MBC解雇了一名在参与电视剧制作过程中涉嫌性骚扰的部长级导演兼制作人。据了解，导演兼制作人A某性骚扰事件是在上个月被爆出来，而在今天（2日）通过MBC内部网也公布了消息。 A某是一名拥有20年以上电视剧制作经验，更是许多热门作品的部长级导演兼制作人。在上半年即将播…
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ارلینگ هالند نبود و آن یکی کار را تمام کرد! (عکس)
کوین دیبروینه با ضربه ایستگاهی فوقالعاده خود موفق شد برتری سیتی مقابل لستر را قطعی سازد.
به گزارش "ورزش سه"، ساعتی پیش از دیدار دشوار منچسترسیتی در خانه لستر و ورزشگاه کینگزپاور بود که مشخص شد ارلینگ هالند، ستاره نروژی سیتیزن ها، به دلیل خستگی در این بازی غایب است و به نظر میرسد پپ گواردیولا در مورد او جانب احتیاط را رعایت کرده است. همانطور که پیشبینی می شد، سیتی در خانه لستر روز دشواری را تجربه کرده و چندین بار ادرسون بود که دروازه تیم پپ گواردیولا را نجات داد.
اما در اوایل نیمه دوم بود که سیتی در موقعیتی مناسب صاحب یک ضربه ایستگاهی شد و کوین دیبروینه توانست با یک ضربه فوقالعاده و تماشایی، تک گل برتری بخش تیمش را به ثمر برساند. دیبروینه که در این فصل و در کنار ارلینگ هالند یکی از بهترین زوجهای فوتبال اروپا را ساخته، در غیاب ستاره نروژی نیز ماموریت خود را به بهترین شکل انجام داده و توانست سه امتیاز حساس این مسابقه را به حساب سیتیزن ها واریز کند.
از بین بازیکنانی که بیش از 50 گل در لیگ برتر به ثمر رساندهاند، فقط دیوید بکهام (55%) و کریستین اریکسن (44%) بیشتری از گل های خود را از بیرون محوطه جریمه نسبت به کوین دیبروینه با 42 درصد، به ثمر رساندهاند. این ستاره بلژیکی تا به حال 60 بار در لیگ برتر موفق به گلزنی شده که با احتساب گل امروز برابر لستر، 25 گل از بیرون محوطه وارد دروازه حریفان شده است.Hangi bölüm
Özel üni lerde var ama devlet üniversitelerinde bölüm var mı bilmiyorum. Bilgisayar mühendisliği okuyup yazılım mühendisliği yüksek lisans yapman gerekebilir. Ama kafam çalışıyo diyosan özellerde burs kapmaya bak...
Diğer Görüşler İçin Aşağı Kaydır
Nedenki
Çünkü çoğu ülke yatırımını bu yöne çevirmiş durumda ve kolay bir meslek olmadığı için puanları yüksek olduğundan çok mezunu yokقلم او را به طور جداگانه و تا زمانی که در 24 تا 28 هفته اجازه می دهد تا طبیعی بلوغ است. او در حال حاضر قادر به نمایشگاه بالغ رفتارهای زمانی که پولت آماده نیست را به جای او. ارتباط خود را با شما در بد مسیر است. بسیاری از جزئیات می شود اما هیچ زمان.Coffee grounds are often thrown away or used as fertilizer, but they can also be repurposed into something useful.
Can you use them to create beautiful gardenia flowers?
Coffee grounds contain nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, sulfur, and other nutrients.
They also add a nice aroma to your home.
You can use coffee grounds to fertilize plants such as roses, geraniums, petunias, dahlias, begonias, marigolds, chrysanthemums, and zinnias.
The trick is to soak the grounds in water before adding them to the soil. This helps the plant absorb the nutrients better.
Can I use coffee grounds as fertilizer?
Coffee Grounds Are Often Thrown Away Or Used As Fertilizer, But They Can Also Be Repurposed Into Something Useful.
Can You Use Them To Create Beautiful Gardenia Flowers?Coffee Grounds Contain Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Calcium, Sodium, Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Boron, Molybdenum, Chlorine, Sulfur, And Other Nutrients.
They Also Add A Nice Aroma To Your Home.You Can Use Coffee Grounds To Fertilize Plants Such As Roses, Geraniums, Petunias, Dahlias, Begonias, Marigolds, Chrysanthemums, And Zinnias.
The Trick Is To Soak The Grounds In Water Before Adding Them To The Soil. This Helps The Plant Absorb The Nutrients Better.
What are the other applications of coffee grounds?
Coffee grounds can be used as effective fertilizers when mixed with some natural fertilizer like manure or compost in just about half part coffee grounds per part natural fertilizer.. Although this mixture is usually meant for growing plants rather than flowers but it still works well as an effective fertilizer as long as it is applied at right time and right amount.. And when you are buying manure or compost don’t buy it from those who use coffee grounds as waste because they won’t have much nutrients in them because they don’t process them first.. There are lots of organic fertilizers available in market nowadays so use those ones..If you want any help with gardening just drop your queries here or comment below..
[/box] [box]Q3: How Do You Create A Mosquito Repellent Patch With Rubbing Alcohol And Tea Tree Oil?How do I create an insect repellent patch using rubbing alcohol and tea tree oil?
Other FAQs about Coffee that you may be interested in.
mix equal parts hot water and alcohol in a spray bottle and then spray this solution on the area of your skin where mosquito usually bite you but make sure that you don’t use it on open wounds because it may cause more harm than anything… This remedy will repel mosquitoes for up to a week and after that you can start to use it again to keep yourself free from any types of insect bites…. When the mixture gets cold it won’t work for longer period so it must be used fresh every time you have to apply it again on your body to prevent yourself from insects’ attacks and it will last for another one or two weeks also depending on the usage of alcohol on your skin and the amount of humidity in the air which can effect its retention ability on your skin and hair and also the amount of sweat secreted by our body which also affects its ability to keep your self from bugs’ attack.so if you want to last longer use this solution every morning before you go out or just before you go to bed and keep using it everyday for at least one week so you can get rid of this problem for a longer period of time.
You can also use epsom salt in place of water and glycerin instead of alcohol and it will work in the same way so this will help you to find a more useful remedy for long period of time and it also help you to kill ants without any harmful chemicals by using hot coals of charcoal burning woods to make a fire and let those ashes cool down to around room temperature before applying them on the places where you find many bug eggs left behind by last year’s pests because these fumes won’t kill the eggs but will kill them if they hatch into larvaes.
Are coffee grounds good fertilizer for gardenias?
Coffee grounds are often used as a fertilizer for gardenias. They contain nitrogen, which is an important nutrient for plants, and can help to improve drainage and aeration in the soil. Coffee grounds can also help to deter pests and diseases.
Is Miracle Grow good for gardenia?
It is essential that you have all necessary things required for gardenia plant care right from beginning till end to avoid all complications or problems while caring them properly Gardenia plants need proper soil which contains proper amount of watering as well as fertilizers which should be done as per requirements only.
What is the best fertilizer for gardenias?
Gardenia plants are very sensitive plants; they require special care during their growth period as they are very susceptible towards environmental conditions such as cold weathers etc. . gardenia needs proper fertilization at regular intervals during its growing season so as not only maintain its health but also give them good looking flowers throughout their blooming season.
What can I feed a potted gardenia?
The potted gardenia has a good demand. It is known for its aromatic smell and it can be kept indoors all year. In the house the best thing that you can feed your gardenia plant with would be coconut water.
Coconut water contains many nutrients such as minerals, vitamins and enzymes which nourish your plant and give it growth. Another benefit of using coconut water instead of other nutrients is that this will not add some extra amount to the weight or size of your plant, unlike foodstuffs such as fertilizers which normally do enhance plant’s growth by boosting their weight or size.
Can I use Epsom salt on my gardenia plant?
Epsom salt is a great way to add nutrients to your gardenia plant. It can help the plant to grow stronger and healthier. You can add epsom salt to the soil around the plant, or you can dissolve it in water and spray it on the leaves.epsom salt can be used as a fertilizer for gardenia plants.
It is rich in magnesium, which is essential for plant growth. Epsom salt can also help to improve the drainage of gardenia plants. To use, mix 1 teaspoon of epsom salt with 1 gallon of water and apply to the soil around the plant.
In conclusion cardamom keeps ants away because they don’t like its smell or taste (it’s bitter).Other Phonology Features
In Vinyar Tengwar, Volume 5b, Issue 48, pg 24, it is stated that "Khuzdûl, the tongue of the Dwarves, did not, however, tolerate two initial consonants." At the same time, Appendix F in The Return of the King describes the addition of Angerthas #35 as being " ' (the clear or glottal beginning of a word with an initial vowel that appeared in Khuzdul)". Both of these describe rules for syllable formation that are common, if not ubiquitous, in Semitic languages. Almost or all of them require syllables to start with a consonant. For words that seem, to native English speakers, to start with a vowel actually are beginning with a glottal stop. Many Semitic languages also require only one consonant to start a syllable, and those that appear to allow consonant clusters to start a syllable can sometimes be analyzed as having a very short schwa sound between them.
Beyond that, we know that Khuzdul can have two consonants at the end of a syllable, as seen in Khuzd and Sharbhund. That, apparently, is only at the end of a word, for in all other places where two consonant sounds occur, there would probably be a syllable division between them. This is due to the requirement of starting a syllable with one consonant. I highly doubt that there would be any more than two consonants to end a syllable, as I know of no Semitic languages that tolerate such, and it doesn't appear in Khuzdul at all.
Regarding what consonants may appear in cluster, it's hard to say what rules Khuzdul has. Some clues may be taken from what clusters do exist, the Angerthas, and assimilation rules in Adunaic. See the section below on Sound Changes for more information.
Not much can be said of assigning primary stress. Semitic language vary quite a bit, and Adunaic says nothing on the matter. The one thing we can say is that, for two-syllable words that have a short vowel in the first syllable and a long vowel in the second, stress probably falls on the second. This is because Tolkien envisioned a word salôn or sulûn "to descend, fall quickly" which would be borrowed into Sindarin and lose the first vowel to become slôn or slûn respectively. Vinyar Tengwar, Volume 5b, Issue 48, pg 24 It's more likely that the first syllable's vowel would be lost if it is unaccented. At least some varieties of Arabic also tend to favor syllables with long vowels for primary stress.
Analysis & Rationale >The City of Indio was born out of necessity, a railroad town that sprung to life in 1876 as the Southern Pacific Railroad built lines between Yuma, Arizona and Los Angeles, California. The engines needed a place to refill their water, and the workers needed somewhere to recharge their own batteries. Shortly after the City of Indio, named after a Spanish variation of “Indian,” was founded, the first permanent building was erected: The Southern Pacific Depot Station and Hotel. Hoping to attract and retain workers, the hotel quickly became the center of all social interactions in Indio, a place where one could find fine dining and Friday night dances, a welcome reprieve from life in the difficult desert terrain.
By the turn of the century, Indio had blossomed into a promising agricultural region. Ingenious farmers irrigated the land first through wells and later by accessing the All-American Canal, which allowed crops such as onions, cotton, grapes, citrus, and dates to thrive in the otherwise arid climate.
In 1907, Indio began work as the home of the USDA’s Date Station. Scientists researched date cultivation, learning the techniques of farmers from the Persian Gulf and Northern Africa, where dates are native. The data collected through this initiative bolstered date production in Indio, and today the area produces all of the United State’s 41.4 million pound annual output. Date production has become more than an economic boon to Indio, though. It has become part of its culture. Every year
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– Bipolar disorder;
– social anxiety;
6 – How to Increase Serotonin?
The usefulness of serotonin is optimal if you have the proper level of serotonin in your body. The balance of serotonin levels can be achieved naturally by appropriate dietary choices, daily physical activity, absorption of the sun through the skin, proper hydration.
To produce serotonin in our body, we must necessarily tryptophan, which is the precursor amino acid. Many studies conducted on depressed people have shown that playing sports increases tryptophan levels and thus serotonin levels, thus contributing to the fight against depression.
Meditation makes it possible to react differently to events, to change mental habits that are well anchored in the brain. At the neuronal level, meditating allows modifying the connections between neurons that are made by neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin. Understanding how a neuron works can help calmly mediate knowing that change is occurring gradually through neuronal plasticity.
Walking in the forest, taking a walk in the sun, being connected to nature is naturally pleasant. Still, you have to take the time to do it, even for a few minutes a day. And no need to wait for a bright sun to enjoy the benefits of solar radiation. Indeed, the sun has a positive effect on the natural production of serotonin even when it looks like it is gray. Enjoying the light of the day is vital.
Have Positive Thoughts
According to Simon N. Young’s study, ‘How to increase serotonin in the human brain without drugs, the link between serotonin and positive thinking would be two-way: to have positive thoughts would increase serotonin levels, as high serotonin levels would help to have more positive thoughts.
Take Enough Sun
The light probably helps the synthesis of serotonin. The researchers found a positive correlation between serotonin synthesis and the total number of hours of sunshine in a day. Autopsies have indicated that serotonin levels are higher in the summer months than in the winter months.
7 – Eat Better to Make More Serotonin
Serotonin is very much related to our diet. It regulates our tendency to eat sweets and thus indirectly our weight. Several foods such as eggs, turkey, pulses contain tryptophan, which makes it possible to manufacture serotonin. But if the diet is not enough (in the case of intense stress or depression) Griffonia simplicifolia, a plant that contains a lot of tryptophan, can be an effective dietary supplement to increase serotonin.
*** Essential Foods to Increase Serotonin
Tryptophan is a precursor of serotonin. This essential amino acid has a very important function since it helps to regulate adequate levels of serotonin in the brain and is able to cross the brain barrier. The body cannot produce tryptophan and it has to be obtained through nutrition.
It is advisable to abandon refined sweets and carbohydrates and replace them with foods of plant origin, fruits, and whole grains.
– Dairy products and eggs are very rich in tryptophan, fundamental for the synthesis of serotonin.
– Protein vegetables like soy and all its derivatives, which have a lot of fiber, are ideal for helping to treat depressive states and to neutralize anxiety.
– Dried fruits such as nuts, almonds, or hazelnuts have good levels of tryptophan.
– Meats and proteins in general, especially fish or chicken, are good sources of tryptophan.
– Bananas are full of nutrients and fiber; they are also rich in vitamins, minerals, and trace elements, and provide the body with a rapid energy supply.
– Pineapple is rich in minerals and vitamins and contains active elements that stimulate the production of serotonin, And if we eat pineapple at night, it will be a natural capsule to sleep, since the brain turns tryptophan into melatonin, the sleep hormone.
Complex carbohydrates are absorbed by the body in a completely different way than simple carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates such as white rice and white bread increase blood sugar levels very quickly, causing insulin levels to rise, which will drop after a while. Complex carbohydrates are absorbed much more slowly by the body, avoiding the brutal highs and lows caused by simple carbohydrates.
Complex carbohydrates are:
– pulses like peas and lentils
– whole wheat bread
– complete pasta
– complete rice
– starchy vegetables such as sweet potatoes
Healthy fatty acids like omega-3
Omega-3 fatty acids have an effect on how serotonin works in the brain. DHA is an essential constituent of the brain that must be replenished through foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3s are found in:
– fish, such as salmon and fish oils
– nuts, seeds, and oils based on seeds.
Eating dark chocolate increases serotonin levels in part because of resveratrol – a natural substance in grapes, blackberries, peanuts, cocoa -. Resveratrol increases both the levels of endorphins and serotonin.
Avoid Caffeine-Based Drinks, Especially Energy Drinks
Caffeine suppresses serotonin, which may also explain why it also suppresses hunger. Energy drinks contain a lot of sugar that is absorbed very quickly by the body, but this also causes a drop in energy as soon as the insulin begins to fall.
8 – The Influence of the Maternal DNA on the Fetal Brain – Importance of Serotonin
At conception, the father and mother each transmit part of their genetic heritage. The genetic inheritance of the mother would intervene directly during the pregnancy on the normal development of the fetus, independently of the genes acquired with the conception.
According to the work of French researchers led by Jacques Mallet and Francine, part of the CNRS, published in 2011 in the minutes of the American Academy of Sciences, the PNAS, the maternal influence intervenes on the fetus independently of the genes that it has thus acquired from his parents.
This discovery has implications for understanding autism, a developmental disorder, or irritable bowel syndrome that affects 20% of the population.
Researchers have established the crucial role of maternal serotonin – dependent on its own genes – on fetal development, particularly of the brain, but also of the heart and digestive tract. They demonstrated that in the early embryonic stages, serotonin comes from the mother.
To prove it, the researchers used genetically modified mice. Some of them have been deprived of a gene (“tph1” gene) responsible for 95% of serotonin carried by the blood. They then made genetic crosses for breeding animals.
Results: Only One Element Dominates, the Maternal Blood Level of Serotonin.
If it is collapsed, newborns, regardless of their own ability (normal or failing) to produce this substance, have abnormalities in brain architecture, and their size is 15% to 30% lower compared to those from mothers whose serotonin level is normal. Conversely, if the maternal level is normal, the baby is developing normally.
The Paternal Influence on This Chapter Appears Nil.
Researchers believe that this mother-child interaction raises the question of very premature babies. It will be necessary to study with attention the rate of serotonin of the mother and possibly the effects of the drugs (antidepressants for example) which act on this substance.
Special care of pregnant women belonging to families at increased risk of pathologies for which a link with a disruption of this substance has been suggested (autism, phenylketonuria – cause of mental retardation – irritable bowel syndrome) could be considered.配对您的帐户。
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使用吸塑测试研究了在芯中包含愈合剂（树脂单体和固化剂）的核壳纳米纤维垫粘附到基材上的能力。在延长的周期性弯曲之后，测量了粘合能，并考虑了自修复对复合材料从基材剥离的影响。另外，使用起泡测试检查了两层自修复纳米纤维的内聚力，并将其与普通纳米纤维垫的内聚力进行了比较。长期周期性弯曲对两个纳米纤维垫的界面造成的损坏被证明具有自我修复作用，并测量了内聚能。WW1 Inventions Weapons, and New Technology: WW1 inventions and new technology were not just confined to the areas of weapons. Other inventions of WW1 included the Gas Mask, the Geiger Counter, Einstein's Theory of Relativity, Safety Glass, Stainless steel, the Zipper, the Bra, Crosswords, the Lipstick tube and the first Electric Stove
WW1 Inventions, Weapons and New Technology Fact File: Inventions: Tanks *** Fighter Aircraft *** Bombers *** Anti-aircraft guns *** Guided Missiles *** Anti-aircraft guns *** U-Boats *** Air-to-ground communication *** Flamethrowers *** Trench mortars *** Armor-piercing Ammunition *** Concrete pill box *** Poison gas *** Anti-submarine weapons *** SONAR *** Gas Mask *** Safety Glass *** Stainless steel *** Zipper *** Bra *** Crossword *** Lipstick tube *** Electric Stove *** WW1 Inventions and New Technology ***
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Tanks: The great weapon of WW1 was the tank. The Tank was heavily armored and armed, easy to steer and designed to carry cannon and heavy loads over rough ground and trenches on their distinctive caterpillar tracks. The first combat tank was ready by January 1916 and the first use of tanks was by the British at the Battle of Flers–Courcelette in September 1916.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-tank guns: During WW1, both the British and Germans deployed elephant guns, obtained from their African colonies, had enough force to punch through armored tanks. Anti-tank guns were then specifically invented and designed to destroy enemy armored vehicles (tanks) by firing anti-tank ammunition from longer-barreled guns. The first anti-tank rifle was the Mauser 13 mm anti-tank rifle that was developed by the Germans.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Armor-piercing Ammunition: The invention of Armor-piercing Ammunition was necessary to counter the tanks. Reversed Bullets, K Bullets were used as armor-piercing WW1 weapons.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Bombers: The Albatros F-2 was the first aircraft to be developed as a bomber using grenades or grenade-like devices as bombs. The first fighter aircraft used in WW1 were small and relatively simple to build but underwent rapid development during the war to become bombers as aerial drop bombs were quickly developed. The bombers played a pivotal role in the outcome of WW1.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Air-to-ground communication: Air-to-ground communication was invented in June 1915 when the world's first air-to-ground voice transmission took place at Brooklands airfield in Surrey, England and in 1916 the Marconi Company based in England began production of air-to-ground radio transmitters and receivers which were used in WW1 over France.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Aerial Drop Bombs: As new weapon technology advanced aerial drop bombs were invented with new release mechanisms to suit the designs of the new bomber aircraft. High-capacity aerial drop bombs were used for general demolition purposes. Fragmentation bombs were deployed against military personnel and Incendiary bombs were used ammunition dumps and aerodromes.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-aircraft guns: Heavy bombing raids prompted a major re-evaluation of air strategy and defence. The invention of Anti-aircraft guns were developed against aerial attack. The requirement for Anti-aircraft guns led to the development of range finders, searchlights, time fuzes, and gun laying elevation mechanisms to help artillery pieces hit the rapidly moving airplane targets.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Guided Missiles: Early guided missiles were developed during World War I although they were never actually used in battle. The British developed a system that used radio signals to guide a flying bomb to its target and the Americans worked on an unpiloted biplane bomber called the "Kettering Bug".
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Trench Mortars: Trench Mortars as known as 'minenwerfer', literally meaning 'mine-thrower', were developed by the Germans and consisted of rifled mortars mounted upon field carriages. Trench Mortars were used to take out enemy machine gun posts and the Allies soon developed their own mortar weapon technology and introduced their own Trench Mortar weapons and mortar bombs.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Poison gas: Chemical weapons, known as poison gas, including chlorine gas, mustard gas and phosgene gas were the most terrifying of all the weapons used during WW1. Poison gas attacks were used against soldiers in the trenches and could result in death and agonizing injuries.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Gas Mask: The only defence soldiers could use against poison gas attacks in the trenches were gas masks. The person credited with inventing the modern Gas Mask in 1914 is the African American inventor Garrett Morgan.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Flamethrowers (Flammenwerfer): Flamethrowers (Flammenwerfer), a mechanical incendiary device designed to project a long, controllable stream of fire, were developed by Bernhard Reddemann and Richard Fiedler. Flamethrowers were introduced as a deadly weapon in WW1 by the Germans in the battle of Ypres salient in 1915.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Rifles: Rifles were invented in the mid 1800's but underwent significant improvements and became the most crucial infantry weapon throughout WW1. All of the major powers introduced new models of rifles that were small-bore, bolt-action weapons capable of firing multiple rounds from a spring-loaded clip inserted into a rifle magazine. The new rifle models used as weapons in WW1 were the British Lee-Enfield, the French Lebel and Berthier, the U.S. Springfield and the 'American Enfield', the Canadian Ross rifle and the German Mauser.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Safety Glass: The invention of safety glass coincided with the outbreak of WW1 and reduced the risk of injury from large jagged glass shards into the less harmful safety glass that shattered into tiny, relatively harmless fragments. The three-layer safety glass triplex were used in the window panels on aircraft and was also used in the manufacture of aviation goggles and gas masks.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - U-Boats: The U-Boats, undersea boats, was the name of the submarines used by Germany during WW1, and later in WW2 (199 - 1945). The typical U-boat was 214 feet long, carried 35 men and twelve torpedoes. The German U-boat could travel underwater for two hours at a time.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-submarine weapons: The invention of Anti-submarine weapons was necessary to combat the threat of submarines and protect battleships by using depth charges, mines and submarine torpedoes.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - SONAR: SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) system was originally invented in 1906 by Lewis Nixon as as a means for detecting icebergs. In 1915, Paul Langevin invented the first sonar type device for detecting submarines, called an "echo location to detect submarines" but it was not fully developed until the end of WW1.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Pill Box: The invention of the concrete Pill Box, so named because they were the same shape as the boxes in which chemists supplied medications, were developed as a form of fortifications and defences along the coast of England.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Stainless steel: The invention of Stainless Steel, or rustless steel, was made in 1914 by the British inventor Harry Brearley and was used in manufacturing aircraft engines during WW1.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Zipper: The invention of the Zipper was made by Gideon Sundback in 1913. Zippers were used as hook-less fasteners that were sewn into flying suits to make them windproof.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Lipstick tube: The invention of the Lipstick tube was invented in 1915 by the American inventor Maurice Levy before the US entered WW1 on April 6, 1917.In September, after the Food and Drug Administration authorized certain Covid-19 treatments based more on presidential puffery than on clinical data, some physicians decided to take matters into their own hands.
As the coronavirus vaccines have rolled out across the US, the process has been confusing and disastrous. States, left by the federal government to fend for themselves, have struggled to get a handle on the logistics of distribution. Many, including Georgia, Virginia, and California, have fallen woefully behind schedule.
The pandemic is testing our societal structures like never before. To deal with it successfully, we need to think and act collectively, led by our key institutions. But at a time when unity is critical, are we about to see the effects of a long-standing and corrosive drip feed of mistrust?
Schools are likely to require students to get Covid-19 vaccines in the future, potentially setting the stage for a showdown between reluctant parents and education officials.
It’s hard to imagine a day when people will be as nonchalant about getting their COVID-19 vaccine as they are about getting their flu shot, but it is one possible future reality, experts say.
Earlier this summer, the Summit supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Lab in Tennessee set about crunching data on more than 40,000 genes from 17,000 genetic samples in an effort to better understand Covid-19. Summit is the second-fastest computer in the world, but the process — which involved analyzing 2.5 billion genetic combinations — still took more than a week.
Large numbers of people are suspicious of vaccines and currently unwilling to be vaccinated against Covid-19 once safe and effective vaccines are available. Given that achieving herd immunity as soon as possible depends on widespread immunization, educational campaigns must begin now to overcome this resistance. Some large employers — including Mastercard, Apple, and Google — are already trying to educate their employees. Others must follow suit.Önemli olaylar
Yolcu gelir. Ben Davies topu dışarı atıyor ve Lo Celso koşup Ederson’u yeniyor. Tottenham hayatta ve iyi durumda. Şehir uykuya dalmıştı.
68 dakika: City bu se
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out that many natural materials could be used to treat diseases, and great experience in this field has gradually been accumulated.
The Chinese Materia Medica is one of the best documented and most extensive sources, as well as the one that enjoys the most continued use, including more than 7 000 species of medicinal plant.
Market Importance of TCM
The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates that modern and traditional medicine should be developed simultaneously. Therefore, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, traditional Chinese medicine has developed steadily. By the end of 1995, there were 2 522 TCM hospitals with a total of 276 000 beds. Most of the general hospitals have a TCM department. There are 940 factories and plants for the manufacture of herbal medicines. In 1995, the total value of herbal medicine manufactured reached 17.6 billion Chinese yuan, an increase of 213% compared to 1990. The total sales volume of traditional herbal medicines in 1995 was 15 billion yuan, an increase of 123% compared to 1990. From 1978 to 1993, sales of patent herbal medicines and raw plant materials increased by 10.8 and 2.3 times, respectively. The sale of patent herbal medicines represented 24% of the total sale of medicines countrywide in 1993 (14% in 1978). At the same time, sales of raw plant materials for decoctions were just 9% of the total sale of medicines countrywide in 1993 (compared to 18.7% in 1978) .
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia
The 1990 edition included 784 articles on traditional Chinese medicines and 509 articles on Chinese patent medicines. The monographs describe the source or the substances used, prescriptions, methods of preparation, identification, examination, extraction, effects and main indications as well as methods of use, dosage, precautions, etc. . Further information on herbal medicines is available in the new edition of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" .
With regard to their legal status, herbal medicines in China are normally considered as medicinal products with special requirements for marketing, for example a quality dossier, safety and efficacy evaluation, and special labelling. New drugs have to be examined and approved according to the Drug Administration Law. After approval, a New Drug certificate is granted an approval number. The factory is then permitted to put the product on the market. This procedure reflects the respect in which traditional experiences are held, while modern scientific and technical knowledge is used in appraising the therapeutic effects and the quality of the modified traditional medicines, and contributes administratively to the exploitation of traditional Chinese medicine .
The Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China was enacted on 20 September 1984. Article 3 states "The State encourages the development of both modern and traditional drugs, the role of which in the prevention and treatment of diseases as well as in health care will be fully brought into play. The State protects the resources of wild herbal drugs and encourages domestic cultivation of herbal drugs".
With regard to a drug manufacturing enterprise, Article 5 states that "It should be staffed with an adequate number of pharmacists or technical personnel with a title equivalent to or higher than associate engineer, and skilled workers adaptable to the scale of drug production". However, "Enterprises for the preparation and slicing of raw plant materials should be staffed with pharmaceutical professionals familiar with the property of raw materials and registered with the health bureau above the county level, if pharmacists or technical personnel with a title equivalent to or higher than associate engineer are not available." Article 6 states "processed medicinal plant materials must be prepared and sliced in compliance with the specifications of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China or the processing norms stipulated by the health bureau of the province, autonomous region or municipality".
For the control of drug handling enterprises, Article 11 states that a drug handling enterprise should be established with an adequate number of pharmaceutical technicians adaptable to the scale of its business. However, enterprises engaged in the handling of modern drugs may be staffed with pharmaceutical professionals familiar with the property of drugs and registered with the health bureau above the county level, if pharmaceutical technicians are not available. Article 15 states that in the market of country fairs only the sale of medicinal plant materials is permitted, with certain exceptions.
Article 29 states "The Ministry of Public Health has the authority to restrict or prohibit the exportation of medicinal plant materials and patent herbal medicines if they are in short supply in the domestic market". Article 31 states "The sale of medicinal plant materials newly discovered or introduced from abroad is not allowed unless it is approved by the health bureau of the province, autonomous region or municipality" .
Documentation for Applications for New Drugs
Based on Article 21 of the Drug Administration Law, "the clinical trial or clinical verification of a new drug should be sanctioned by the Ministry of Public Health or the health bureau of the province, autonomous region or municipality". "A new drug will be approved for clinical use and a licence issued by the Ministry of Public Health, if the clinical trial or clinical verification has been completed and an appraisal of its efficacy has been made." Pursuant to Articles 21 and 22 of the Drug Administration Law, on 1 July 1985, the Ministry of Public Health issued and implemented a regulation for the Approval of New Drugs. "New drugs" are referred to as drugs which have not been produced previously in China, or drugs for which a new indication, a change in the route of administration or a change of dosage form is to be adopted. Any unit or individual engaged in the development, production, distribution, prescription, inspection and surveillance of new drugs must adhere to the provisions of the document. The regulation includes general principles concerning new drugs, their classification, research, clinical trials, approval, and manufacture. Several appendices provide detailed information on the application form, list of documents required, and technical requirements of toxicological and clinical studies on new modern drugs, and new TCM drugs .
Based on the Amendment and Supplemental Regulation of Approval of New TCM Drugs, implemented 1 September 1992 , new TCM drugs are classified under five categories, as follows:
- artificial imitations of TCM herbs;
- newly discovered medicinal plants and their preparations;
- single active principle extracted from TCM plants material and their preparations.
- Chinese medicinal herbal injections;
- parts of TCM medicinal plants newly employed as a remedy and their preparations;
- non-single components extracted from TCM and natural plants and their preparations;
- TCM materials obtained by artificial techniques in vivo and their preparations.
- new TCM preparations;
- combined preparations of TCM and modern medicine in which TCM medicine is the main component;
- cultivated material which traditionally is imported.
- new dosage forms or new routes of administration of TCM drug;
- materials introduced from other parts of the country and those for cultivation instead of harvesting in the wild.
- TCM products with new and additional indications.
All research on new medicines should provide data on toxicity, pharmacological properties and clinical research, as well as a detailed documentation on the quality of the medicinal material and the pharmaceutical form. For the five categories mentioned above, different requirements have to be fulfilled for the medicinal material as well as for their pharmaceutical preparation. Proprietary medicines included in the national pharmacopoeia and new medicines approved by the Ministry of Public Health are exempted from clinical testing when only the dosage form is changed, such as from powder into gelatine capsules, or from tablets into granular form infused with boiling water, without changes in the indications for cardinal symptoms or dosage.
The report on the medicinal material should contain the following items in applications for clinical research: purpose of research, previous experience or modern research data, source of material, cultivation, processing, properties, data based on Chinese pharmacology and experience, efficacy with respect to cardinal symptoms, pharmacological research data, acute toxicity tests, data on mutagenicity/carcinogenicity/reproductive toxicity (only for category 1), draft on quality standards, stability, and the proposed plan for the clinical research. A separate application for production should include documentation on quality standards, stability tests, a summary of clinical studies, and packaging material.
The report on pharmaceutical preparation has to meet similar requirements as the report on medicinal material, depending on the drug category.
Technical requirements for pharmacological studies are laid down in a special paragraph. The tests on major drug effects shall be designed in such a way that the special characteristics of the traditional Chinese medicine are taken into consideration. Two or more methods shall be selected for research on the major drug actions, based on the effects of the new medicine on the complex of symptoms or the illness. For new medicines in categories 1, 2 and 3, this research shall be sufficient to verify the major therapeutic functions and other important therapeutic effects. For new medicines in category 4, two (or more) tests on the major effects are required, or else well documented material has to be submitted. For new medicines in category 5, only tests on the major effects of the medicine on "new" cardinal symptoms are required. Research on general pharmacology shall be performed on the nervous system, on the cardiovascular system, and on the respiratory system. Technical requirements for studies on toxicity are also laid down in a special paragraph. Here a difference is drawn between a clinical trial and a clinical verification. Clinical trials shall be conducted for new medicines of categories 1, 2 and 3, and clinical verifications are required for new medicines of categories 4 and 5. Clinical trials are divided into three phases, but clinical verification does not have phases.
The purpose of a clinical trial phase I is to study the reaction and the tolerance of the human body to the new medicine and to find out the safe dosage. Medicines in categories 1 and 2 which have either toxic or incompatible compounds have to go through phase I of the clinical trial. For dosage determination, the dosage used in animal tests may be used as a reference. The purpose of phase II of a clinical trial is to obtain an accurate evaluation of the curative effects of the new medicine and its safety. In addition, a comparison has to be made between the new medicine and known drugs, so as to determine its advantages and disadvantages. Phase II consists of two parts, the first applies when the treatment is performed and the second when the treatment is expanded. The dosage used in the clinical trial shall be based on pharmacodynamic tests made beforehand and clinical facts, or the results of phase I. For the selection of cases, there are strict standards on diagnosis, and the diagnosis is based on overall analyses of symptoms and signs, the course, nature and location of the illness and the patient's physical condition, according to the basic theories of TCM. For the performance of a clinical trial, either the single or the double blind method may be used, according to need or the actual circumstances. When the curative effects are determined, four ratings are applicable: clinical recovery, significantly effective, effective and non-effective. The evaluation of curative effects shall be based on the clinical symptoms (symptoms and physical signs), objective standards for curative effects and the ultimate results on the patient.
The objective of the clinical trial phase III is the further investigation of the safe use or effectiveness of the new medicine on the basis of the findings of phase II. The main purpose is to have clinical trials on a new medicine during its trial production or after it has been put on the market for a period of time. This is to make up for deficiencies in phase II, to observe further the curative effects, and the nature of its effects on cardinal symptoms and adverse reactions.
Clinical verification is applicable for new medicines in categories 4 and 5, the purpose being to observe their curative effects, contra-indications and precautions. Different groups for control and for comparison shall be used. For new medicines that have changed their dosage forms, the control shall be same pharmaceutical form as the original form. For those medicines that have additional curative effects, a known medicine with curative effects on the same illness shall be selected as control.
The summary of the clinical trial shall be objective and comprehensive and shall be an accurate reflection of the whole process. The discussion in the final report shall include the conclusion which is based upon the outcome of the tests, the functions and effects on cardinal symptoms, the scope of application of the new medicine, its administration, the course of treatment, curative effects, safety, adverse reactions (including the measures to be taken), contra-indications and precautions. An objective evaluation on the characteristics of the new medicine shall also be made.
Technical requirements for studies on quality standards for Chinese medicinal material and medicines are laid down in a special chapter. The source (original plant, part of the plant, harvesting conditions), the properties, the identification, the test for impurities, the assay and the processing have all to be described. The quality standards for Chinese medicines shall include the prescription, the way of processing, the properties, the identification, the examination and the assay in accordance with the general guidelines laid down in the pharmacopoeia. A further special paragraph describes the technical requirements for studies on stability, and which items have to be checked for which dosage form.Report on Sinabung (Indonesia) — 1 October-7 October 2014
Smithsonian / US Geological Survey Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 1 October-7 October 2014
Managing Editor: Sally Kuhn Sennert
Please cite this report as:
Global Volcanism Program, 2014. Report on Sinabung (Indonesia). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 1 October-7 October 2014. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
3.17°N, 98.392°E; summit elev. 2460 m
All times are local (unless otherwise noted)
Based on reports from PVMBG, BNPB reported four eruptions from Sinabung on 5 October. The first one occurred at 0146, and produced a pyroclastic flow that traveled 4.5 km S and an ash plume that rose 2 km. The next three events, at 0638, 0736, and 0753, all generated pyroclastic flows that traveled 2.5-4.5 km S. The fourth event also produced an ash plume that rose 3 km. A news article stated that pyroclastic flows from a fifth event at 0900 were smaller, but again traveled 4.5 km after a sixth event at 1200.
According to the Darwin VAAC a low-level eruption recorded by the PVMBG webcam generated a pyroclastic flow on 6 October; some of the ash rose higher and drifted E. The Jakarta MWO noted that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S on 7 October. Cloud cover prevented satellite observations. A news article posted on 8 October noted that eruptions in the previous four days caused some evacuations.
Geologic Background. Gunung Sinabung is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano with many lava flows on its flanks. The migration of summit vents along a N-S line gives the summit crater complex an elongated form. The youngest crater of this conical andesitic-to-dacitic edifice is at the southern end of the four overlapping summit craters. An unconfirmed eruption was noted in 1881, and solfataric activity was seen at the summit and upper flanks in 1912. No confirmed historical eruptions were recorded prior to explosive eruptions during August-September 2010 that produced ash plumes to 5 km above the summit.This guide is a celebration of the beauty of birds and the British and Irish countryside. Aimed at beginner and intermediate birders, yet suitable for all levels, this new volume in the groundbreaking Crossley ID Guide series is the most user - friendly guide to the birds of Britain and Ireland. Following The Crossley ID Guides' award - winning design, this book looks at all regularly occurring species in Britain and Ireland, and shows readers how to identify birds in their natural habitats using size, structure, shape, probability, and behavior just like the experts do! Stunning images are accompanied by the colorful and compelling text of Dominic Couzens, one of Britain's leading nature writers.
This unique book treats more than 300 species all the regularly occurring birds likely to be encountered by observers and the guide's attractive pages provide a real-life approach to bird identification. Beautiful, in - focus scenes present birds in various plumages and in lifelike poses set in identifiable British and Irish habitats. The plates also illustrate how a bird's appearance changes with distance. Organizing images in cohesive, easy-to-understand plates rather than as separate photographs, this book also sets itself apart by containing more images that demonstrate flight, behavior, habitat, and plumages than any other volume available. Not only is this field guide a reference book, it is also a spectacular teaching resource that makes it easy for nature enthusiasts to see and appreciate the big picture of bird identification.مدیرکل تجاری سازی و نوآوری معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری گفت: در صورت تصویب احکام پیشنهادی دولت در زمان بررسی بودجه 95 در مجلس شورای اسلامی، سال آینده به لحاظ منابع و اعتبارات سالی پررونق برای حوزه علم و فناوری خواهد بود.
اسماعیل قادری فر روز دوشنبه در گفت و گو با ایرنا افزود: خوشبختانه براساس پیشنهادهای دولت در قالب لایحه بودجه 95 کل کشور که به مجلس تقدیم کرده است، ردیف های بودجه ای مربوط به حوزه علم و فناوری افزایش خوب و چشمگیری داشته است.
وی بیان کرد: در لایحه پیشنهادی دولت ردیف های بودجه ای ویژه ای برای حوزه معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری و صندوق نوآوری و شکوفایی در نظر گرفته شده، به طوری که پیشنهاد شده است 200 میلیون دلار به صندوق نوآوری و شکوفایی برای حمایت از کسب و کار دانش بنیان اختصاص پیدا کند .
قادری فر اظهارکرد: بودجه خوبی برای معاونت علمی پیشنهاد شده است و مطمئن هستیم مجلس شورای اسلامی در فرصتی که برای تصویب لایجه بودجه 95 دارد، به این حوزه که از حوزه های مهم و مورد تاکید مقام معظم رهبری و مورد عنایت دولت است و در راستای سیاست های اقتصاد مقاومتی ، اقتصاد دانش بنیان به عنوان زیر ساخت اقتصاد مقاومتی دیده شده است، نظر مثبت دهد.
وی گفت: دیدگاه دولت یازدهم این است که توسعه کسب و کار دانش بنیان و فعالیت های کسب و کارانه شرکت های دانش بنیان است که می تواند اساس اقتصاد مقاومتی را شکل دهد.
وی با اشاره به این که بودجه امسال معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری حدود دو هزار میلیارد ریال بود، گفت: امیدواریم احکام پیشنهادی در زمان بررسی بودجه 95 در مجلس مورد تصویب قرار گیرد و سال آینده به لحاظ منابع و اعتبارات سال پررونقی برای حوزه علم و فناوری باشد.
وی همچنین در خصوص برنامه ششم توسعه درحوزه علم و فناوری افزود: دولت برای توسعه جریان علمی و فناوری کشور و برای این
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te: quindi, prima di giudicare le reazioni tenendo conto delle recensioni e delle esperienze degli utenti, diamo un'occhiata a ciò che il fornitore ha da Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo su Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo :
In questo modo, almeno questi feedback da quei consumatori fedeli di Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo
- disponibile solo in un negozio
- Serve pazienza
Svantaggi di Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo?
- Consegna in pochi giorni
- spedizione discreta
- servizio cortese
- Mi prova con risultati positivi
- facile applicazione
- offerte interessanti
Sicuramente ti stai chiedendo: ci sono effetti collaterali spiacevoli?
Grazie alla sua composizione di sostanze naturali incontaminate, il prodotto è disponibile senza prescrizione medica.
Sia il produttore che le comunicazioni e il feedback nel traffico online sono coerenti: il prodotto non causa fastidiosi effetti collaterali secondo i produttori, decine di recensioni e la rete.
La garanzia all-inclusive esiste solo se si rispettano le raccomandazioni direttamente nell'uso, poiché Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo agisce in modo estremamente intenso.
Pertanto, dovresti assicurarti di ordinare il prodotto solo da rivenditori fidati - segui il nostro servizio clienti - per evitare duplicati (falsi). Un prodotto contraffatto, anche se un prezzo basso a prima vista può attirarti, di solito ha scarso effetto e può essere pericoloso nella peggiore delle ipotesi.
Quali ingredienti possono essere trovati in Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo?
Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo ogni sostanza attiva di Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo non avrebbe molto senso - ecco perché ci limitiamo ai tre più interessanti.
Sfortunatamente, è praticamente inutile gestire un ingrediente efficace senza una dose sana.
Coincidentalmente, l'interesse per Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo non ha certo bisogno di preoccuparsi del dosaggio, al contrario: questi componenti sono stati piuttosto focalizzati con particolare attenzione agli studi.
Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo usare Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo
Il modo più sicuro per Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo di fare un po 'di ricerca sul prodotto.
Non devi essere consapevole dell'effetto prima di acquistare l'articolo. Non c'è dubbio che non avrai ostacoli per applicare la dose giornaliera indipendentemente da dove ti trovi.
Questo è esattamente ciò che mostrano centinaia di test condotti da decine di consumatori.
Per tutte le preoccupazioni irrisolte, ci sono soluzioni dettagliate e pertinenti nelle istruzioni per l'uso e sul sito Web originale dell'azienda, a cui si arriva tramite il collegamento.
Quanto velocemente possono aspettarsi risultati?
Alcuni clienti dicono di essere stati in grado di registrare un cambiamento la prima volta che sono stati applicati. Questo lo differenzia da altri articoli come ReCardio. Non è quindi raro che già dopo poche settimane si possano prenotare già esperienze di successo.
Più il prodotto viene applicato regolarmente, più i risultati sono sorprendenti.
I clienti sembrano così convinti del prodotto che ne hanno effettivamente bisogno per alcune settimane, anche dopo un po 'di tempo.
Di conseguenza, non si dovrebbe essere eccessivamente manipolati dai rapporti dei test se qui vengono promessi risultati estremamente rapidi. A seconda dell'utente, ci vuole un po 'prima che i risultati finali appaiano.
Esperienze di altri utenti di Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo
Nella maggior parte dei casi, troverai principalmente recensioni dei clienti che raccomandano pienamente il prodotto. D'altra parte, di tanto in tanto, leggi anche gli utenti che riportano minori successi, ma nel complesso il feedback è ancora molto positivo.
Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo - se approfitti delle eccellenti offerte del produttore - è una considerazione ragionevole.
Ma diamo un'occhiata più da vicino alle testimonianze di persone testate entusiaste.
A causa di questi fantastici progressi, quindi, i consumatori apprezzano il prodotto:
Ovviamente gestisce il feedback individuale e il prodotto può avere un impatto diverso su tutti. Nel complesso, tuttavia, il feedback sembra notevole e concludo che il risultato sarà molto soddisfacente anche per voi.
Le masse documentano le seguenti modifiche:
Cosa si potrebbe finalmente concretizzare?
Dall'accurata composizione ai report dei clienti positivi a quegli effetti garantiti dal produttore.
Inoltre, la facilità d'uso rappresenta un enorme vantaggio perché si perde poco tempo.
La nostra conclusione è: Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo convincente in ogni modo, quindi vale sicuramente la pena di fare un test.
Un esperimento è certamente raccomandato. Sulla base di un sacco di test e speranze deluse per quanto riguarda la crescita dei capelli, mi rendo conto che il rimedio è l'opzione migliore nella zona. E questo sarà impressionante, se lo confronti con Chocolate Slim.
Il risultato chiaro è quindi: un acquisto è garantito per essere raccomandato. Tuttavia, prima di colpire, consulta i nostri consigli supplementari su come acquistare il rimedio per evitare di acquistare accidentalmente un falso cattivo.
Devi stare attento se cerchi i fornitori del prodotto
Non si dovrebbe correre il rischio di scegliere i produttori alternativi e di conseguenza non si ottiene altro che la contraffazione, non l'effettivo Vivese Senso Duo Shampoo.
Su questi siti web, non solo si può ottenere un prodotto inefficace, ma anche un rischio incerto!
Per risultati tempestivi e affidabili, il negozio online collegato a questo sito è la migliore strategia.
Per motivi di sicurezza, ho ricercato tutte le fonti online e ho scoperto: da solo con il venditore menzionato, si può essere sicuri che non si acquistano prodotti contraffatti.
Questo dovrebbe essere notato per ottenere l'ordine di questo prodotto:
Evita clic pericolosi su Google e le offerte che controlliamo. Faccio del mio meglio per controllare sempre i collegamenti, in modo che si tenga cura di ordinare effettivamente il prezzo più basso e le migliori condizioni di consegna.Di conseguenza, sembra essere migliore di Hammer of Thor.kucuk cacuk ile olgun kadın erotik film
Bir Latin kız arkadaşıyla POV seks çekerken, adam tatlıyı iyi becerdi ve şimdi boşalmak üzereydi. Ortağının üstüne oturan sarışın güzel, aletini kollarıyla tuttu ve aktif olarak kel olanı sürmeye başladı. Wench, parmaklarıyla aktif olarak çalışarak sonuna kadar sattı ve kısa süre sonra sperm döküldü.
porna sikiş video:你是否对 外汇开户名字怎么填, 做外汇哪里能开户还有不理解的地方，接下来我们将详细讲一下和外汇开户名字怎么填,做外汇哪里能开户相关的一些知识。
如今的市场更加有效。结果，不再像格雷厄姆和巴菲特那样，仅根据公开可获得的信息就可以找到低估的低价股票。取而代之的是，估值极低的股票背后一定有其原因，而且这些股票值得这个价格。
而且必须有充分的理由对非常昂贵的股票进行估值。他们应该得到如此高的估值。我认为这是目前最明智的方法。
如果您认为可以通过研究当前的公共信息来致富，那么您现在可能对投资行业有一些误解。在基于公共信息的定量数据分析中没有钱可赚。
如果您想成为一个非常成功的投资者，则有两种选择：研究定性信息，例如公司员工的素质，工程师的水平，思维过程，产品开发，销售能力，或者预测未来，或两者兼而有之。
1.外汇市场教学
基本面分析适合预测中长期趋势。基本面分析适用于预测货币的中长期趋势，如未来6个月、1年或2年。还是比较合适的，但自从金本位制取消后，国际上通行的浮动汇率制，基本面不 因素会或多或少影响货币价格。比如，外汇市场规模不断扩大，参与外汇投资的人数不断增加。国际外汇市场的日交易量从1995年、1996年的8000亿美元增加到1995年、1996年的1.2万亿美元，其中80％左右是1万亿。美元的交易量是投机性的。投机者每时每刻都在国际市场上买进卖出，大量的资金也会影响到外汇市场。整个国际社会越来越开放，就像一个地球村，国际资金进出各国的自由度越来越大。美国的CHIPS、英国的CHAPS等国际支付系统加快了资金转移的速度，甚至可以在瞬间完成。国际资金仿佛长了翅膀，热钱在历史性的时刻出现，不仅影响了各国的货币政策，而且往往扭曲了本应反映在基本面上的货币合理价格，导致基本面分析短期失灵。因此，外汇投资者已经逐渐纠正了对基本面的使用。除了将其作为中长期趋势预测的工具外，还配合技术分析数据进行投资决策
2.什么是央行利率决议
鲍威尔在去年夏天（拜登在总统选举中击败特朗普之前）公布了一个新的货币政策框架：美联储将把通胀率暂时推高至2%以上，以弥补之前所有低于2%的年通胀率。这将令公众相信预期平均通胀率为2%，并据此设定工资和物价。无论失业率有多低，美联储都认为这不足以提高利率。拜登将很难找到比鲍威尔本人更忠于该货币政策框架的人选。事实上，包括耶伦在内的一些被吹捧为接班人的候选人在过去比鲍威尔更渴望加息。不过，即使解决就业问题是拜登的首要任务，也不一定是经济的首要任务。
3.什么是斐波那契指标
沙特能源大臣：OPEC+的决定是保守的，沙特将在未来3个月内逐步撤回100万桶/日的额外减产，仍可能进行向上或向下50万桶/日的调整，OPEC+保持谨慎态度。我们仍然有调整石油变化的保障措施。 增产决定关乎测试系统的灵活性。如有需要，OPEC+可以在下一次会议中进行调整。OPEC+寻求将石油库存削减至2015-2019年水平. 美国参议院共和党领袖麦康奈尔：共和党不会支持拜登的2.25万亿美元基础设施和就业计划。美国应该建造自己能负担的起的东西，而不是通过加税和举债来搞垮经济. 美国旧金山联储主席Daly：不认为美联储将在2021年实现两个目标。预计今年价格压力会暂时性上升，但不会持久，而且仍有数以百万计的美国人因疫情失业.美国3月生产材料交付期限升至纪录水平,美国供应管理协会（ISM）周四公布的制造业报告显示，生产材料送达美国工厂车间的平均时间创下纪录以来最长。采购经理人协会表示，3月份的交货期从1个月前的67天延长至75天，尽管ISM制造业指数升至1983年以来的最高，但ISM主席Timothy Fiore表示，交货期延长、关键基础材料大规模短缺、大宗商品价格上涨以及商品运输困难正影响制造业经济的所有领域。
4.如何利用支撑位和阻力位进行交易
欧洲时段，现货黄金 几乎持稳，现报1739.88美元/盎司，涨幅0.05%，投资者等待今日稍晚美联储主席鲍威尔和美国财长耶伦就美国经济状况发言。“鉴于美国公债收益率和美元当前的水平，金价可能已经超过了合理交易价值。从现在开始好像越来越难大幅上涨了，特别是如果美债收益率继续上扬的话，”华侨银行的分析师Howie Lee说，“本周在尘埃落定之后，我们对美联储每个决策者的想法有更好的了解，很可能对美联储今后的方向会有更好的了解，将为金价走向奠定基础。”鲍威尔周一表示，美国经济“改善很大”，但同时也警告，复苏“远没有完成。” 欧洲时段，美油盘中最大跌幅近5%，现报59.20美元/桶，跌幅3.83%，因忧心欧洲新的防疫限制及疫苗接种迟缓将减缓燃料需求复苏；此外，产油国降价显示石油供应充裕。“全球旅行看起来可能还需要一段时间才行，”Star Fuels的燃料经纪商Matt Stanley说，并补充道由于封锁仍是当前的常态，下半年石油需求复苏似乎不大可能。国际能源署（IEA）上周调降2021年原油需求预估250万桶/日；美国能源信息署则预测2021年下半年全球石油供应将超过需求。美国石油协会（API）将在周二稍晚公布美国原油库存数据。根据调查，分析师预估截至3月19日当周美国原油库存减少约90万桶；炼厂产能利率增加3.2个百分点。
周一，休斯敦WTI原油价格较布伦特原油每桶折价约2.27美元。
美国的石油库存可能会进一步增加，并影响WTI原油期货曲线。 今年到目前为止，WTI原油期货价格已累计上涨约34％，仍保持在每桶65美元以上。
在3月12日的报告中，美国银行全球研究部表示，WTI原油期货价格的快速上涨可能引发更大的套期保值，并最终引发更多的钻探活动。 根据美国政府的报告，二叠纪盆地的页岩产量将以每天11,000桶的速度增长，到今年4月达到每天429.2万桶。Nba球队名单大全-宽南网
在FC首尔亚冠淘汰赛阶段的大名单中，申填浩和沈相旼分别因服兵役和租借至首尔依恋已经离开球队，两名边缘球员黄贤秀、李敏圭也落选了淘汰赛名单。 8、3、多米尼克-威尔金斯多米尼克-威尔金斯出生于法国巴黎，前美国篮球职业运动员，司职小前锋，因花哨的扣篮动作而绰号“人类电影精华”。 NBA的创始球队之一圣安东尼奥马刺队最初总部设在达拉斯，球队名为达拉斯奥克斯队。 关于新秀赛主帅名单，保罗-加索尔（保罗队）、乔金-诺阿（乔金队）和德隆-威廉姆斯（德隆队）将率领各自NBA新秀队伍进行比赛，而贾森-特里将执教G联盟队。 NBA分为东部和西部两个联盟，每个联盟各有15支球队，共30支球队。
2、麦迪麦迪曾经是联盟数一数二的超级球星，他两次获得得分王，七次入选全明星，他曾经距离总冠军只有一步之遥，但终究没
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تواند به آموزش موسیقی، زبان و فرهنگ و ادب کردی خدمت شایان توجهی انجام دهند.
فقیه زاده می گوید: موسیقی خاورمیانه به دلیل اینکه در طول تاریخ چنان که باید و شاید مورد توجه نبوده، بنابراین نتوانسته جایگاهی درخور توجه در سطح جهانی پیدا کند. در واقع موسیقی زمانی می تواند در سطح جهانی نام و رسمی پیدا کند که به صورت تجاری در سطح جهان معرفی شود .همانند موسیقی های کلاسیک که در سطح دنیا مطرح هستند. نگاه کنید ژاپن علیرغم همه تکنولوژی که در اختیار دارد هنوز نتوانسته موسیقی خود را در سطح جهانی مطرح کند. روسیه توانست تا حدی با حذف ربع پرده و تبدیل آن به نیم پرده و با حضور چند هنرمند بزرگ چون چایکوفسکی توانست تا حدودی در سطح جهانی نام و رسمی پیدا کند.
موسیقی کردی نیز به دلیل اینکه تا کنون ساماندهی شایستهایی نداشته همچون بسیاری از موسیقی های دیگر منطقه در مرحله حفظ و ماندگاری باقی مانده و ما باید فعلا تلاش کنیم آثار و گنجینه های خود را حفظ کنیم و با توجه به این شرایطی که پیش میرود شاید فعلاً نتوانیم بازتاب آن را در سطح جهانی ببینیم. با این حال موسیقی خاورمیانه در میانه ملت های مختلف این منطقه رد و بدل میشود و از این حد فراتر نرفته است.
برای گوش دادن به ترانه های «حسن زیرک» باید یک کتاب فرهنگ همراه داشت
رهبر اکستر فیلارمونیک موکریان در خصوص ادبیات به کار رفته توسط هنرمندانی همچون حسن زیرک و معاصران او نیز می گوید: ادبیات به کار گرفته در ترانه های استاد حسن زیرک، بسیار رسا و غنی بود. فکر میکنم هیچ وقت زیرک و هنرمندان همانند او قصد نداشته اند که شعر را قربانی موسیقی کنند و تا مورد تحسین دیگران قرار بگیرند، همانطور که امروزه می بینیم ادبیاتی که یک پاپیست به کار میبرد واضح نیست و کسی تمام لغات آن را درک نمی کند. ادبیات این سبک موسیقی چارچوب مشخصی ندارد و موسیقی را نیز تخریب کرده است. اما امثال استاد حسن زیرک در عین ارزش گذاری به ادبیات سعی کردند، اشعار و ابیاتی را انتخاب کنند که با فرهنگ و فولکلور مردم زمان خودشان همخوانی داشته باشد.
حتی ادبیات فولکلوری که توسط این اساتید خوانده شده، چنان با زندگی مردم در آمیخته بود که جداسازی آن ها از هم غیرممکن میشد. استاد زیرک در ترانه هایش کلماتی را به کار می برد که حتی تحصیل کرده های امروز و نسل جدید ممکن است با آن آشنایی نداشته باشند در واقع در آن زمان چیستان ها، ضرب المثل ها، ابیات شاعران بزرگ و هر آنچه که در زبان و ادب و فولکلور کردی بود را به زیبایی در ترانه های خود به کار می برد. این ادبیات به حدی غنی بودند که گاهی برای گوش دادن به ترانه های حسن زیرک باید یک کتاب فرهنگ (هه نبانه بورینه) اثر استاد (هه ژار موکریانی) را در کنار خود داشته باشیم. چرا که بعضی از کلمات چنان اصیل و غنی هستند که شاید امروزه کاربرد آنها در زبان رسمی ما کمتر شده باشد.
همچنین استاد حسن زیرک بیشتر از سایر خوانندگان دیگر به توصیف زیبایی های کردستان، کوهستان و دشت پرداخته است. او عاشق کرد و کردستان، عاشق زبان کردی بوده و با بداهه سرایی، که یکی از خصوصیات برجسته او بود توانست آثاری زیبا و نایاب خلق کند.
تشخیص هنرمند واقعی از غیر هنرمندان در بلوای فضای مجازی
فقیه زاده می گوید: هنر موسیقی تنها خوانندگی نیست، اگرچه متاسفانه تنها خواننده دیده می شود در حالی که موزیسینها هم در کنار خواننده نقش برجسته ایی دارند. امیدوارم موسیقی کردی به جایگاه واقعی خود برسد و مردم نیز به یادگیری علمی موسیقی اقدام کنند بسیار مفتخر خواهم شد زمانی که موزیسینی اثری خلق می کند و در این حوزه صاحب نظر است اما برعکس از این مسئله بسیار رنج میبرم که افرادی در دنیای مجازی امروز ادعای هنرمند بودن را دارند اما فاقد اثراند. امروزه فضای مجازی سبب شده که تشخیص هنرمند واقعی از غیر هنرمندان سخت باشد و فضایی شکل گرفته که به دقت و نظارت بیشتری احتیاج است.
او در پایان تاکید می کند: از مردم هم تقاضا دارم کسانی را که در این زمینه فعالیت می کنند مورد نقدهای غیر علمی و غیر کارشناسانه قرار ندهند. در واقع پیشینیان ما همیشه گفته اند "زمانی به کسی بگوید از این موضوع اطلاعی نداری که شما در آن حوزه از او استاد تر باشید".
به گزارش کردپرس، کاوه فقیه زاده، رهبر اکستر فیلارمونیک موکریان، متولد ۱۳۴۹ مهاباد است. او از ۱۷ سالگی آموزش موسیقی را در خدمت یوسف ربیعی یاد گرفته و بعد از آن به تهران رفت و به مدت ۸ سال در مکتب فرامرز پایور موسیقی ایرانی را با ساز سنتور فرا گرفت. بعد از آن با مرحوم مشکاتیان آشنا شد و با ایشان هم مدتی کار کرد. چهار سال نیز درس شناخت موسیقی را در موسسه رسام هنر در تهران که بعدها در زیر مجموعه جهاد دانشگاهی قرار گرفت، به اتمام رساند. پس از آن به مهاباد بازگشت و از سال ۷۸ تاکنون به مطالعه و تحقیق در خصوص موسیقی کردی پرداخته است و با راه اندازی آموزشگاه موسیقی "وفایی" به آموزش موسیقی به نسل جدید بپردازند و به آنها کمک کنند که موسیقی را به زبان مادری خود فرا بگیرند.
او چندین سال نیز در کردستان عراق به تدریس موسیقی پرداخت و بعد از آشنایی با ارکستر به تحقیق و مطالعه در کردستان را در این خصوص پرداخت و تصمیم گرفت در مهاباد با کمک نوازندگان کل منطقه موکریان و حتی تبریز ارکستر فیلارمونیک را اندازی کند که تا پیش از کرونا ١٠ سال اجرای موفق داشت و در یکی از درخشان ترین کارها با حضور (استاد عدنان کریم) در مهاباد ارکستر فیلارمونیک مکریان، کنسرتی را برگزار کرد.
فقیه زاده در طول ۳۵ سال فعالیت هنری خود، ۱۸ کتاب در این زمینه تالیف کرده، که ١٣ مورد چاپ شده و ضمن اینکه هدفش آموزش موسیقی به نسل جدید با موسیقی سرزمین مادریشان نیز بوده است.
در حوزه موسیقی تحقیقی کردستان ترکیه نیز چند کتاب از فقیه زاده به چاپ رسیده که در بخشی از آن ها به ملودی های استاد (سالح حیدو) از کردستان سوریه با ٧٠٠ تا ٨٠٠ ملودی و کتاب مرحوم (عایشه شان) را شامل می شود، که در این پروژه تحقیقاتی تنها بخش موزیک را عهده دار بود.
کتاب هایی که از او در ایران به چاپ رسیده است شامل (کاروانه) که نتاسیون ترانه های استاد محمد ماملی، طاهر توفیق و علی مردان را شامل می شود. کتاب (هه ی نار) که نت نویسی ٤٠ ترانه ناب از استاد حسن زیرک است. همچنین کتاب (فرمیسک) که شامل قطعاتی چند برای یادگیری ساز سنتور توسط این محقق و موزیسین نواخته و نوشته شده است. دو کتابی دیگر هم به نام (جوانی بهاری موکریان) و (نه وا و جوانی ژیان) که شامل قطعاتی برای یادگیری ساز سنتور است. همچنین کتاب الفبای مقدماتی سنتور از این نویسنده و محقق درانتشارت چنگ در دسترس است.
او کتابی هم در خصوص بیت های ایالت مکریان به نام (چوله چرا) بر اساس علم موزیکولوژی و برای آرشیو کردن(بیت، بند، حیران و هوا) تالیف کرده که شامل ۳۰ بیت منطقه مکریان بزرگ از ۸ هنرمند است که همراه سی دی بیت بیژها، منتشر شده است.
کتابی دیگر نیز به نام (چه پکه گول) ترانه های اساتیدی همچون حسن زیرک، طاهر توفیق، علی مردان، محمد ماملی و تعدادی از موسیقی های مظهر خالقی است که برای همه سازهای موسیقی نت نویسی شده است.
فقیه زاده، در دانشگاه موسیقی هنرهای زیبا در سلیمانیه به تدریس موسیقی، سرود، ارکستراسیون و آموزش ساز سنتور مشغول بوده و همزمان با آن که در سلیمانیه در انستیتوی (که له پوری) کردی فعالیت می کرد، نزدیک به ۲۵۰۰ تا ٣ هزار ملودی منطقه های کردستان ترکیه و سوریه را در قالب پروژه ایی بلند مدت نت نویسی کرده است.
به گزارش کردپرس، استاد «حسن زیرک» سال 1350 در پی ابتلا به سرطان کبد در بیمارستان بوکان بستری شد و یک سال بعد در پنجم تیر ۱۳۵۱، در سن 53 سالگی در زادگاهش بوکان درگذشت. در آن زمان رادیو لندن اعلام کرد: «یگانه هنرمند مردم کرد، در بوکان درگذشت».
گفت و گو/ تانیا شعفینگاهی کوتاه به زندگی سپهبد حسین آزموده دادستان نظامی ارتش شاهنشاهی
تاریخ انتشار: 07 اسفند 1401
«سپهبد حسین آزموده معروفترین و بدنامترین دادستان نظامی دوره پهلوی بود.
حسین آزموده، فرزند محمود به سال ۱۲۸۵ در تهران به دنیا آمد؛ تحصیلات ابتدایی و متوسطه را در تهران به پایان رساند. در ۱۳۰۶ از مدرسه دارالمعلمین دیپلم گرفت و اول مهر ۱۳۰۶ وارد دانشکده افسری شد و در اول مهر ۱۳۰۸ با درجه ستوان دومی فارغالتحصیل گردید و کار خود را در ارتش آغاز کرد. وی در ارتش تا درجه سپهبدی ارتقاء درجه یافت.
حسین آزموده با نام مستعار امیر، تا سال ۱۳۲۳ در قسمتهای مختلف ارتش اعم از لشگرهای مختلف و همچنین اداره مهندسی ارتش فعالیت کرد. وی در ۲۸ آبان ۱۳۲۳ وارد دادستانی ارتش شد و سه سال در این حوزه فعالیت کرد و عضو دادگاه تجدیدنظر شماره 2 شد. آزموده تا اول اردیبهشت ۱۳۲۷ در اداره دادرسی ارتش ماند و در این تاریخ به اداره مهندسی ارتش بازگشت و رئیس این اداره شد و چند ماه بعد نیز در اول مهر ۱۳۲۷ برای گذراندن دورهی عالی نظامی به دانشگاه جنگ رفت. پس از پایان دوره، از اول آبان ۱۳۲۸ در ستاد ارتش شاهنشاهی مشغول به کار گردید. او در اول آذر ۱۳۲۸ به دادستانی ارتش بازگشت و معاون دادستانی ارتش شد و تا اواخر دوران نظامیگریاش در این اداره ماند و تا مقام دادستانی ارتش ارتقاء یافت. عمده اشتهار حسین آزموده در ارتش مربوط به دوره فعالیتش در دادستانی و در سمت دادستان کل ارتش است. در این دوره تقاضای صدور حکم اعدام برای تعداد زیادی از مخالفان حکومت پهلوی، از وی چهرهای خشن و بدنام ساخت؛ بهگونهای که از او بهعنوان «برادر آیشمن»، «آیشمن ایران» و «دراکولای ایران» یاد شده است.
حسین آزموده، در اول مهر ۱۳۳۰ درجه سرتیپی گرفت. در دوره نخستوزیری دکتر محمد مصدق از وی تقاضای منصب مهمی کرد و در پاسخ به توصیه نخستوزیر که به وی پیشنهاد ادامه فعالیت در امور قضایی ارتش و پذیرفتن سمت دادستانی ارتش را داده بود، عذر خواست و خود را فاقد دانش حقوقی دانست.
سپهبد آزموده در سال ۱۳۳۱ به همراه ۲۶ نفر از افسران، یک سازمان مخفی به نام «سازمان افسران ناسیونالیست»، تشکیل داد که هدف آن بهطورکلی حمایت کامل از محمد مصدق اعلام شده بود؛ حتی وی پس از کودتای ناموفق ۲۵ مرداد ۱۳۳۲ هرگونه ارتباط با برادرش - اسکندر آزموده- را که در جریان کودتا دستگیر شده بود، نیز تکذیب و او را خائن نامید. این در حالی است که سازمان افسران ناسیونالیست، در خفا با مخالفان دولت نیز در تماس بود و در جریان کودتای ۲۸ مرداد نیز قرار داشت. روز ۲۸ مرداد ۱۳۳۲، آغاز فعالیتهای مشهور حسین آزموده است. وی در این روز به همراه کودتاچیان در خیابانهای تهران به راه افتاد و نخستین افسر ارشد ارتش بود که به حمایت از حکومت پهلوی به پادگان قصر بیسیم در تهران رسید و وارد پادگان شد و مقدمات سقوط دولت مصدق را فراهم آورد. وی در روز کودتا توسط فضلالله زاهدی، رئیس دولت کودتا، به سمت دادستان ارتش منصوب شد.
حسین آزموده بهمدتی طولانی که بر ریاست دادستانی ارتش تکیه زده بود، محاکمات بزرگ و جنجالی بسیاری بر عهده گرفت، بهگونهای که گفته میشود هیچکس بهاندازه او تقاضای حکم اعدام نکرده است.
محاکمه دکتر محمد مصدق، محاکمه و اعدام دکتر حسین فاطمی و محاکمه افسران سازمان نظامی حزب توده، محاکمه و اعدام رهبران جمعیت فدائیان اسلام و محاکمه سرلشگر ولیالله قرنی از مهمترین و مشهورترین محاکماتی است که آزموده در آن دادستان بوده است.
پس از کودتای ۲۸ مرداد ۱۳۳۲، مصدق بازداشت شد؛ محاکمه وی به همراه سرتیپ تقی ریاحی آغاز شد. آزموده در کیفرخواست خود، جرم هر دو نفر را تلاش برای بر هم زدن اساس حکومت دانسته و تقاضای اعدام کرد، البته بنا به مصالحی محمدرضا پهلوی بنای اعدام مصدق و ریاحی را نداشت و بر این اساس حکم ریاحی بسیار کاهش یافت و مصدق نیز تنها به سه سال حبس مجرد محکوم گردید.
از دیگر محاکمات جنجالی در دوره ریاست آزموده بر دادستانی ارتش، محاکمه دکتر حسین فاطمی، وزیر امور خارجه دولت محمد مصدق بود. حسین فاطمی پس از مدتی اختفا بازداشت و در تابستان ۱۳۳۳ محاکمه شد. هنگام بازداشت حسین فاطمی، وی به دست شعبان جعفری (بیمخ) و اراذل و اوباش اطراف وی بهشدت مجروح شد؛ مدتی در بیمارستان بستری بود، اما بهرغم بیماری، به دستور سرتیپ آزموده چهار نفر از پزشکان بهداری روز ششم شهریور ۱۳۳۳ در پادگان لشگر ۲ زرهی اعلام کردند که حال او رضایتبخش است و حضورش در دادگاه مانعی ندارد. محاکمه حسین فاطمی ده جلسه به طول انجامید و سرانجام وی در روز یکشنبه ۱۷مهر ۱۳۳۳ به اعدام محکوم شد. دادگاه تجدیدنظر نیز بهسرعت حکم اعدام وی را تأیید کرد و با تقاضای فرجام او نیز موافقت نگردید.
پس از صدور حکم اعدام حسین فاطمی، در داخل و خارج برای رهایی وی تلاش شد، اما با اصرار لوئی هندرسن، سفیر آمریکا در ایران، و سر دنیس رایت، کاردار انگلستان در تهران، حکم اعدام وی به اجرا درآمد و او در ساعت ۵ بامداد ۱۹ آبان ۱۳۳۳ در حالی که تب داشت، اعدام شد. حسین آزموده و تیمور بختیار، در محل اجرای حکم حاضر بودند. گفته میشود این دو با نوشیدن مشروب به شادمانی در حین اجرای حکم پرداختند. آزموده ساعت ۸ صبح همان روز در مصاحبه با خبرنگاران گفت: «مدتی بود یکچیزی در قلب من بود که مرتباً مرا آزار میداد و ناراحت میکرد؛ ولی امروز، ساعت ۶ صبح، خودبهخود آن چیز از قلبم بیرون رفت و مرا از ناراحتی درآورد.»
محاکمه دیگری که به دست آزموده انجام شد، محاکمه شهید حجتالاسلام سید مجتبی نواب صفوی و یاران اوست. دستگیریهای گسترده فدائیان اسلام در ۱۳۳۴ رخ داد. در این دستگیریها ده نفر دستگیر شدند. یکی از دستگیرشدگان عبدالحسین واحدی بود که بیست و نهم آبان ۱۳۳۴ در اهواز دستگیر و به تهران اعزام گردید اما پیش از محاکمه به شهادت رسید. گزارشهای رسمی حکایت از آن داشت که وی حین انتقال به تهران، قصد فرار داشته که توسط مأموران کشته شده است، اما بعدها مشخص شد که وی به تهران منتقل شده و در جلسه بازجویی که سپهبد بختیار نیز در آن حضور داشته، آزموده، دادستان ارتش به وی دشنام میدهد و وی قصد داشته با صندلی به دادستان حمله کند که با گلوله کلت دادستان در همان اتاق بازجویی به شهادت میرسد. البته برخی منابع تاریخی آوردهاند که ناسزاگویی به عبدالحسین واحدی و سپس قتل وی به دست تیمور بختیار انجام شده است.
پس از قتل عبدالحسین واحدی، دادگاه نواب صفوی و هفت نفر از یارانش در چهارم دی ۱۳۳۴ به ریاست سرلشگر قطبی (دایی فرح دیبا) در اداره دادرسی ارتش آغاز شد. دادگاه تجدیدنظر در بیست و سوم دی ۱۳۳۴ در محل پادگان لشگر ۱ عشرتآباد به دادستانی سرلشگر حسین آزموده برگزار شد و برای همه متهمان تقاضای صدور حکم اعدام گردید. بر اساس حکم دادگاه سرانجام سید مجتبی نواب صفوی، مظفر علی ذوالقدر، سید محمد واحدی و خلیل طهماسبی به اعدام محکوم شدند و در مراسم اعدام آنها حسین آزموده شخصاً حضور داشت.
از دیگر گروههایی که در دوره ریاست حسین آزموده بر دادستانی ارتش، محاکمه و اعدام شدند، گروهی از اعضای سازمان افسران حزب توده بودند. وی عامل اصلی صدور حکم اعدام برای ۲۶ نفر از اعضای این گروه بود که همگی اعدام شدند. همچنین حسین آزموده در دی ۱۳۳۴ و در ماجرای دستگیری آیتالله سید ابوالقاسم کاشانی، شخصاً از وی بازجویی کرده و پس از توهینها و بیاحترامیهای متعدد، حکم بازداشت وی را صادر کرده است.
از دیگر محاکمات مهم دوره ریاست حسین آزموده بر دادستانی ارتش، محاکمه سرلشگر ولیالله قرنی معاون ستاد ارتش در
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Vajranabh he had supported poor and desolate masses. After many years of public service Vajranabh renounced the world and became an ascetic. As a result of unprecedented spiritual practices, including religious studies, penance, tolerance, and meditation, he earned Tirthankar-nam-and-gotra-karma. These pious deeds of earlier births resulted in his taking birth as Rishabhdev.
When this pious soul was conceived, mother Marudeva dreamt of fourteen auspicious things. The first thing she saw in her dream was that a beautiful and large white bull was entering her mouth. The other things she saw in her dream are as follows:
2. A giant elephant having four tusks,
3. A lion,
4. Goddess Laxmi seated on a lotus,
5. A garland of flowers,
6. The full moon resplendent in the sky,
7. The scintillating sun,
8. A fluttering flag,
9. A golden urn,
10. A pond full of lotus flowers,
11. A sea of milk,
12. A space vehicle of gods,
13. A heap of gems,
14. Smokeless fire,
Nabhiraja was an experienced and scholarly person. When he heard about these dreams from Maudeva, he said, "Devi! You will give birth to a highly endowed soul who will show the path of peace and happiness to this world"
On the eighth day of the dark half of the month of Chaitra, around midnight, healthy Marudeva gave birth to twins. This pious birth influenced the surroundings. The sky became filled with a soothing glow, the wind became fragrant and the whole atmosphere became impregnated with unprecedented joy that was hard to describe.
From all around came the fifty six goddesses of directions. They circumambulated the Tirthankars mother and bowed before her. They also sang in praise of the child that was to become Tirthankar and then proceeded to perform post-birth cleaning rituals.
At that instant the king of gods of the Saudharm dimension, Saudharmendra Shakra, also came to know that the first Tirthankar has taken birth. He arrived with his large retinue of gods and, bowed before the mother,
"O great mother! I, Saudharmendra Shakra, bow before you and offer my salutations."
After the salutations the mother was put to sleep. Saudharmendra created five look alike bodies of himself. With one body he carefully lifted the baby in his hands. With the second body he took an umbrella in his hands and stationed the body behind the baby. With the third and fourth bodies he took whisks and stationed these bodies on both sides of the baby. With the fifth body he lifted his divine weapon, Vajra, and stationed himself ahead of the baby as a body guard. In this formation the king of gods airlifted the baby to Meru mountain. There, all gods, including their 64 kings with their consorts, ceremoniously performed the post-birth anointing rituals. This ceremony, popularly known as Janma-kalyanak, of a Tirthankar, is unparalleled in this world.
Giving the Name
Next morning Nabhiraja organized the birth celebrations. He invited his friends and relatives to a feast and announced, "As there is a sign of a bull on the thigh of the new born, and Marudeva first of all saw a bull in her great dreams, we name this child as Rishabh Kumar." His twin will be known as "Sumangala".
The Beginning of the Ikshvaku Clan
When Rishabh Kumar was one year old, Saudharmendra came to Kulkar Nabhi for formalizing the family name. He carried a sugar-cane in his hand Baby Rishabh was sitting in his fathers lap. When he saw the sugar-cane he eagerly extended his tiny hands to grab it. Saudharmendra gave the sugar-cane to the baby and seeing his affinity for sugar-cane (Ikshu) he formally named the family as Ikshvaku.
Rishabh Kumar was married to a girl named Sunanda whose twin died in an accident. This was the beginning of the marriage system. He was also married to his twin Sumangala in a ceremony that was arranged by the gods.
Prince Rishabh led a happy married life. In due course Sumangala gave birth to Bharat, Brahmi and ninety eight other sons. Sunanda gave birth to Bahubali and Sundari.
Evolution of Crafts and Trades
Prince Rishabh was a highly endowed, farsighted and industrious individual. He had a profound insight into the human psychology. Looking at the needs the times and society he evolved numerous arts, crafts and trades and taught them to people with right aptitude and physical and mental capacities. To some he taught farming and to others the trade of agricultural produce. He invented the alphabets, language, and the numbers along with the tools for writing. For self defense he evolved martial arts and taught these to individuals with strong physique. He also established systems of social security and penal codes. Pottery, architecture, music, dance, and many other arts and crafts that enriched the human society in the fields of knowledge, arts, entertainment, administration, etc. are said to be his contributions.
Then one day, on the request of the peoples representatives. Nabhiraja nominated Rishabh to become the first king of this age. He arranged for an elaborate coronation ceremony and handed over the reigns of the state to Rishabh Kumar. The ceremony was attended by all members of the family, large number of twins, and gods. The gods created a golden throne and anointed Rishabh with the water collected from various pilgrimage centres. They attired him in divine dress and ornaments and formally put the crown on his head. The twins humbly poured water on his feet from the cups made of lotus leaves. Rishabh became the first king of this era. The king of gods ordered Kuber, the god of wealth, to construct a suitable city. This beautiful city was named Vinita; later on it became popularly known as Ayodhya.
Preaching the Path of Renunciation
For many years Rishabhdev continued to rule his people and open new frontiers of knowledge. During the reign of his father the population was organized into random groups only. Rishabhdev reorganized them according to their virtues, activities and professions, and broadly divided the society into three groups. Trading community was known as Vaishya, martial community was known as Kshtriya and all other people indulging in a variety of services were known as Shudra. Till his times the Brahman group was not formed.
After a long span of time (6.3 million Purva) he started loosing interest in mundane things and activities, and drifting toward detachment. He felt that he should transfer all his responsibilities to his sons and proceed towards liberation through spiritual practices. He also desired to reach the state of omniscience and consequently show the path of disciplined life and spiritual practices. His concept was that indulgence in mundane things does give happiness. It gives only an illusion of happiness. True happiness is derived out of freedom from mundane indulgences.
Following the stream of his thoughts Rishabhdev divided the area of his rule between his one hundred sons. Bharat was given the state of Ayodhya and Bahubali that of Takshashila. Getting free of the responsibilities of the state, Rishabhdev decided to take Diksha (the formal initiation into the ascetic way). At that time the gods from the edge of the universe (the Lokantikdev) arrived and requested, "O savior of the human race! Your desire to show the path of renunciation to the mankind is admirable, kindly proceed soon to the task of propagating Dharma."
After one year of meritorious charity, Rishabhdev sat in the palanquin named Sudarshan and arrived in the Siddharth-vana garden. it was the eighth day of the dark half of the month of chaitra when, under an Ashok tree, Rishabhdev abandoned all his apparels and ornaments. He started pulling out his long strands of hair. After four fistfuls, when he was pulling out the fifth fistful of hair Indra said, "Sire! This strand of hair on the crown of your head and hanging down over you shoulders looks attractive. Kindly leave it as it is." Rishabhdev agreed. Due to this bunch of hair he got he popular name-Keshariya ji (one with hair). The king of gods collected the hair pulled out by Rishabhdev in a divine cloth and immersed them in the divine ocean of milk.
Following the example of Rishabhdev many of his subordinate rulers as well as common people got inspired to embrace the ascetic way of life. It is mentioned in scriptures that with Rishabhdev four thousand others also took Diksha.
The First Charity
After becoming an ascetic, Rishabhdev took the vow of total silence and started wandering accompanied by other ascetics. When, after his penance, he went out to beg for food, he did not get anything to eat. The common people of that age were ignorant about the practice of giving food as alms. They did not even appreciate the need to do so. Whenever Rishabhdev approached them, they offered him respect and valuable gifts as they would to a king. Rishabhdev would then proceed ahead without accepting anything. As time passed the accompanying ascetics conferred among themselves and decided to eat fruits and vegetables naturally available. They slowly drifted away from Rishabhdev and the true ascetic way of life. After one entire year of wandering from place to place and doing harsh spiritual practices without touching any food or water Rishabhdev decided to beg food once again. He came to Hastinapur town.
Bahubalis son, Somprabh, was the king of Hastinapur. His son Shreyans Kumar saw a dream during night that Suvarnagiri, the golden mountain had turned black and he had brought it back its golden color by washing it with pitchers full of milk. He narrated his dream to his father and friends, but no one could interpret its significance.
Shreyans Kumar was sitting in the balcony of his palace and brooding over the dream he saw last night. All of a sudden he heard the noise caused by happy masses who had seen Rishabhdev entering the town. Thousands of citizens of Hastinapur rushed toward Rishabhdev with gifts. Rishabhdev did not even look at these things and continued his graceful walk in the direction of the palace.
When Shreyans saw approaching Rishabhdev, he rushed to welcome his great grandfather. After bowing down at the great ascetics feet when Shreyans looked at Rishabhdevs face he could not shift his gaze. He went into a state of meditative thoughts and suddenly he acquired Jati-smaran Jnan, the knowledge that opens up memories of the past births. In his past birth Shreyans was the charioteer of king Vajranabh (the past incarnation of Rishabhdev). This knowledge also made him aware of the duties of laity toward Shramans. He realized that Bhagavan Rishabhdev had been wandering around without food or water due to the prevailing ignorance of the people regarding ascetic norms.
With due reverence he requested Rishabhdev, "Prabhu! I am honored by your presence. I have just received 108 pitchers full of fresh sugar-cane juice that are pure and suitable for you in all respects. Kindly accept the juice and break your fast." Rishabhdev extended his cupped palms and Shreyans poured the sugar-cane juice from a pitcher. Rishabhdev broke his fast and the skies reverberated with the sound of divine drums and divine applaud, "Hail the alms giving!" The gods also showered gems, flowers and perfumes.
This was the beginning of the tradition of religious charity and alms giving. In memory of this incident, the third day of the bright half of the month of Vaishakh is celebrated as Akshay Tritiya festival. The Jains specifically celebrate it as the breakfast day after the penance of Varshi Tap (one meal and fast on alternate days for one year).
Omniscience and Nirvana
For one thousand years Bhagavan Rishabhdev continued his harsh spiritual practices completely ignoring his body and other mundane activities. On the eleventh day of the dark half of the month of Phalgun he was meditating under a banyan tree in the Shakatmukh garden outside Purimtal town, close to Ayodhya. Around forenoon he transcended to the purest higher state of meditation. The intensity of his practice caused the shedding of the knowledge and perception obscuring Karmas as well as the illusory Karmas. As a result, he attained omniscience, the purest and enlightened state of soul. Rishabhdev became a Jina.
When Rishabhdev attained omniscience the whole world was filled with a soothing glow for a moment. Numerous gods descended from heavens to pay their respects to the Tirthankar. They also created the Samavasaran, the divine pavilion. King Bharat also proceeded toward the divine assembly riding an elephant and taking along his grandmother Marudeva. Apprehensive about the hardships of the ascetic life of her son, Marudeva was relieved when she beheld the scintillating face of Rishabhdev sitting in the divine assembly surrounded by happy and dazzling gods. The vision of her son perched on the spiritual pinnacle triggered the flow of spontaneous joy in the heart of Marudeva. This mundane joy slowly turned into the ultimate bliss and she acquired omniscience. Coincidentally, at the same moment she completed her age and became liberated soul (Siddha). Bhagawan Rishabhdev made the announcement Marudeva had become a Siddha.
In his first discourse Rishabhdev detailed the trilogy of right conduct. Knowing about the significance of life as a human being and importance of a dutiful life, thousands of people including Rishabhsen, the eldest son of Emperor Bharat, and five thousands of people including Rishabhsen, the eldest son of Emperor Bharat, and five thousand other members of royal family embraced the acetic way of life. Thousand of other persons accepted the Shravak Dharm (the religious way for laity). As he founded the four pronged religious ford at the beginning of the present era, Bhagavan Rishabhdev became popularly known as Adinath, the first Tirthankar.
The first disciple of Bhagavan Rishabhdev was Rishabhsen. He became the first chief disciple. He was also known as Pundarik.
For a long time Bhagavan Rishabhdev continued to propagate his religion having the five great vows as its central theme. When he realized that all his remaining Karmas are approaching their end he proceeded to the Ashtapad mountain. On the thirteenth day of the dark half of the month of Magh, a little before noon time, Rishabhdev, along with ten thousand other ascetics, was observing a six day fast without water. He was sitting in the meditation in the Paryanka pose. When the moon entered the Abhijit lunar mansion he got nirvana and got liberated from all sorrows.
The king of gods, Saudharmendra, Emperor Bharat, numerous gods and men gathered and celebrated the auspicious event of Bhagavan Rishabhdevs NirvanaThe coral reefs have developed considerably in many places: the largest coral reefs in the world include the great australian barrier reef, the new of various kinds (flats with a transversal geological arrangement, compact structures formed by madreporarians, scattered coral clumps, micro-atolls, fields. If unchecked, the frequent bleaching portends a major loss of coral reefs sooner than might be expected from the steady but gradual increase in worldwide ocean when polyps are overcome by heat they expel the algae, leaving behind only the white-coloured structures of corals that are no longer living. This method allowed the accurate assessment of each major category of organism or physical structure that could use space along the transect in contrast to the quadrat method, which assesses space utilization in a two-dimensional manner through estimates of percent cover (eg, ref 30), this method reflects the rugosity. Changes in structure of coral reef fish communities by destruction of hermatypic faculty of agriculture, 1-1-1 yayoi, bunkyo-ku, tokyo 113, japan 51 munity structure on geographically separated coral reefs similarly, hiatt and strasburg map showing study site and its bottom types at minatogawa, okinawa island. The power of darwin's monograph was well recognised by his contemporaries as a major scientific work it was for this book and his monographs on barnacles that darwin was awarded the copley medal by the royal society in 1864 this introduction is not intended to repeat the bibliographical history of coral reefs which,. Stretching some 1250 miles from the northern tip to the southern tip, the great barrier reef is home to nearly 500 different types of reef building corals the concise oxford dictionary defines a reef as a ridge of rock, shingle, or sand at or just above or below the surface of the water this definition includes the two major.
Noaa ocean service oceans education: how do coral reefs form as the corals grow and expand, reefs take on one of three major characteristic structures —fringing, barrier or atoll fringing reefs, which are the all three reef types— fringing, barrier and atoll—share similarities in their biogeographic profiles bottom. Each polyp excretes a calcium carbonate exoskeleton beneath it and, over long periods of time, the skeletons of many coral colonies add up to build the structure of a coral reef many other species – fish, invertebrates, algae and microorganisms – make their homes on and around this reef reefs only occur in shallow areas. Coral community structures at eleven fringing reef sites were investigated along the four coral community types were characterized by dominant genera and lifeforms: acropora branching community, montipora-acropora community, porites massive community dominant around peninsular malaysia in general the. Outlines coral structure, classification and methods of obtaining food the living reef is built over the top of this, by tiny coral polyps adding new limestone to the massive base structure tube-like corallites of the bottle-brush staghorn coral acropora echinate, taken near the ribbon reefs, far northern great barrier reef.
It contains the world's largest collection of coral reefs, with 400 types of coral, 1,500 species of fish and 4,000 types of mollusc it also holds great scientific it is one of a few living structures visible from space
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ji Ajansı'na göre ham petrol ihracatı bu yıl yüzde 40 gerileyen İran, bir yandan AB ambargosu nedeniyle uğradığı gelir kaybını Asya ülkelerine yönelerek kısmen telafi etmeyi hedeflerken, diğer yandan ambargocu ülkeleri cezalandırmak için OPEC üyelerine üretimi artırmamaları konusunda baskı yapıyor.
Uluslararası Enerji Ajansı'nın verilerine göre İran'ın, ihracatının yaklaşık yüzde 80'ini oluşturan petrol satışlarından 2010 yılı geliri 73 milyar dolar ve bunda AB üyelerinin payı 14 milyar dolar civarında bulunuyor.
AB'nin yaptırımları, İran petrolünü taşıyan tankerlere sigorta yasağını da kapsıyor. Bu alanda faaliyet gösteren 13 büyük şirketin AB yasalarına tabi olmaları nedeniyle dünyadaki tankerlerin yüzde 95'inin İran petrolünü taşımaktan kaçınacağı belirtiliyor.
AB içinde İran'a petrol ambargosuna en çok ayak direyen ülke, krizdeki Yunanistan oldu. Mali güvenceler vermek zorunda kalmadan İran'dan cazip fiyatlarla petrol ithal edebilen Atina, kendisine 1 Temmuz'dan sonra da istisna tanınması ya da başka ülkelerden petrol ithaline AB'nin garantör olması için bastırsa da bu girişimlerinden sonuç alamadı.
AB üyeleri, İran'ın aradan çıkmasıyla bu boşluğu, Suudi Arabistan başta olmak üzere Körfez ülkeleri ve Libya'nın üretimi artırmalarıyla karşılarken İran, günlük 30 milyon varil üretim hedefini Mayıs ayında 1,6 milyon varil aşan OPEC'i olağanüstü toplantıya çağırdı.
(AA/HY/GÜL)
Henüz kimse yorum yapmamış, ilk yorum yapan siz olun.Acne is the most common skin condition in the United States. In fact, according to the American Academy of Dermatology, roughly 40 million to 50 million Americans have acne at any one time.
For many people, blackheads, whiteheads and pimples are a normal part of puberty. But for plenty of others, women in particular, acne can be a stubborn problem that occurs well beyond their teenage years.
Enter hormonal acne.
To be clear, a lot of acne is hormonally driven ― including the kind you may have experienced during puberty ― but, as Dr. Samer Jaber of Washington Square Dermatology in New York told HuffPost, “When most people talk about [hormonal acne], they’re really talking about acne in adult women.”
Jaber noted that adult acne in women is quite common. It can affect women in their 20s, 30s, 40s and even 50s. According to a study cited by the American Academy of Dermatology, roughly 50 percent of women in their 20s and more than 25 percent of women ages 40 to 49 are affected by hormonal acne. And it needs to be treated with extra care.
What causes hormonal acne?
As Dr. Jennifer MacGregor of Union Square Laser Dermatology in New York explained, it’s typically related to a woman’s menstrual cycle and the fluctuations of estrogen and progesterone that come along with it. In an article published by Self last year, Miami-based dermatologist S. Manjula Jegasothy said that these hormonal fluctuations are believed to cause increased oil production in pores, which could result in breakouts. Additionally, Jegasothy said the ratio of progesterone to estrogen can also have an effect on a woman’s testosterone levels, which can contribute to acne.
“Hormonal acne occurs or gets worse in cyclic flares along with monthly menstrual cycles,” MacGregor said. “It’s typically worst during the week right before your period starts, when [the hormone] progesterone is at its peak.”
Women may experience hormonal breakouts during menopause as well, as female hormone levels drop during this time, according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
If you’re trying to figure out whether you’re dealing with this type of acne, some signs to look out for, MacGregor said, are “cyclic flares each month, distribution along the lower face, jawline and/or around the mouth and deeper, painful pimples (as opposed to blocked pores, blackheads and whiteheads).”
“If you have oily skin, T-zone acne, blackheads and/or whiteheads, then [it’s] probably not hormonal acne,” she said.
Another factor that may contribute to hormonal breakouts is stress.
“Stress makes all inflammatory skin conditions worse!” MacGregor said. “This includes all types of acne.”
How do you treat hormonal acne?
When you sense a breakout brewing under the skin, your first instinct might be to pile on the spot treatments. However, most of the products available at the drugstore aren’t strong enough to combat the deep pimples associated with hormonal acne.
“One of the hallmarks of hormonal acne is that it is typically resistant to over-the-counter remedies, but we include these treatments in addition to hormone-specific remedies for the best chance at clearance,” MacGregor said.
Your favorite drugstore toners and acne treatments are likely no match for stubborn hormonal acne breakouts, but that doesn’t mean hope should be lost. There are a few things to try for stubborn hormonal acne breakouts, including changing your diet, topical treatments and oral medications, according to Jaber and MacGregor.
“I always tell people to cut out sugar and dairy,” Jaber said, citing a study that showed a link between skim milk and low-fat milk and acne. “I’ve definitely seen a correlation with low-fat milk and acne. But I’ve also seen it with any dairy.”
Jaber also said he recommends his patients cut out simple sugars, which include white rice, white potatoes, candy, cake, soda, juice and processed foods. He made sure to note, though, that a change in diet may work for some patients and not for others.
MacGregor takes a similar approach, telling her patients to try a 60-day gluten-free, dairy-free diet that is free of processed carbs to see if it helps clear acne.
“Blood sugar spikes are known to cause inflammation and hormonal fluctuations, which can exacerbate acne,” she said. “Think natural foods! The paleo diet is best, but carb sources to consider should be natural root vegetables (squash, potato, carrot) along with quinoa and sometimes gluten-free oats or brown rice.”
She also noted that diet alone might not get rid of hormonal acne, “but there is evidence it helps acne in general and people feel better all around.”
Topical treatments, such as retinoids, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories, as well as salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide, may also be used to treat hormonal acne, Jaber said, but he noted that many women will find more success with hormonal treatments.
MacGregor agreed, saying, “We almost always need to use oral medication.”
One of the most common oral medications is birth control pills, which regulate menstrual cycles and can reduce acne. It’s important to note, though, that some forms of birth control, such as hormonal IUDs (like Mirena and Skyla), or an implant (such as Nexplanon), which release progestin only, could make acne worse.
“I definitely see that all the time,” Jaber said, adding that many people, including some of his patients, aren’t aware of the possible acne-related side effects of the hormonal IUD or birth control implant. He added that a typical hormonal treatment would include a combined birth control pill containing both estrogen and progestin.
Another oral option is spironolactone, a blood pressure medication that, when used in low dosages, can help with hormonal acne as it blocks androgen hormone receptors in the skin, MacGregor explained. In simpler terms, spironolactone blocks effects of testosterone can contribute to hormonal acne breakouts.
Jaber said he prescribes spironolactone often ― maybe even “15 times a day” ― for his patients, saying for most women it works really well. Something to keep in mind, though, are the possible side effects, which could include dizziness, breast tenderness, spotting in between periods and frequent urination (spironolactone is a diuretic).
For very severe cases, MacGregor said, she might recommend a trial course of isotretinoin, a vitamin A derivative, but acknowledged that it doesn’t always work. For mild cases, she said, dapsone “is a very well tolerated prescription anti-inflammatory that has some efficacy in hormonal acne.”
“I also have patients use a regular topical acne regimen that is effective but won’t irritate sensitive skin,” she said, adding, “You must see an expert dermatologist to individualize your regimen.”
Can you actually get rid of hormonal acne?
“With consistent therapy (topical and sometimes oral) and other therapies, like injections and laser, hormonal acne can be controlled,” MacGregor said.
“I think acne, like anything, can wax and wane,” Jaber added, noting that oftentimes people will choose to stick to a treatment plan if it seems to be working. However, if people do choose to stop taking certain medications, Jaber noted, their acne may return.
“Sometimes it does come back; sometimes it’s doesn’t. It’s really variable,” he said, adding that even if a patient had gone off an oral treatment, he would recommend the continued use of topical treatments.
If you’re dealing with what you think is hormonal acne, make sure to speak to a dermatologist who can help you develop an effective treatment plan. (And always remember ― try your hardest not to pick at your skin.)
“This is a frustrating problem that requires expert guidance, persistence and consistency,” MacGregor said.
CORRECTION: This article has been corrected to state that hormonal IUDs, like Mirena and Skyla, as well as the birth control implant Nexplanon contain progestin, not progesterone.A1 Rotation can be used to create a (thin) even layer in a (closed) mould.
A1 Rotation is a 1:2 system and consists of A1 Rotation Liquid (1 part) and A1 Rotation Powder (2 parts), which are poured into a (closed) mould once mixed together. An even layer can then be created in the mould, either by hand or using a rotation machine. Keep rotating until the A1 Rotation has hardened.
You may find that you have to adjust the rotation speed and rotation angle to achieve even coverage in every corner of the mould. The end result may be a little fragile due to the thinner skin.
- Solvent free
- Low heat development (max 40°C)
- Environmentally friendly
- Very high fire-resistant properties
- UV stabilized
- Color pigments can be added
- Wide variety of surface structures
- Rainwater resistant (if sealed)
- Good mechanical properties
Acrylic One / A1 Rotation Resin
It is important to weigh and mix A1 very carefully, based on the following mixing ratio: 1 part A1 Liquid to 2 parts A1 Powder. Fill a mixing cup or bucket with the amount of A1 Liquid required. Use the stainless-steel High Shear Mixer to create a swirl and then add the A1 Powder. Stir the mix until smooth and lump-free and then stir for another 30 seconds. Make sure that the material on the bottom and sides of the cup or bucket is mixed in properly too.Blended Learning in Teaching EFL to Different Age Groups
The article investigates how blended learning inspires students of different ages to be more motivated in the process of acquiring receptive and productive foreign language skills. The authors analyze the neurobiological and psychological characteristics of various age groups of people learning a foreign language. The results of this analysis lead to the conclusion that the age of a student is a defining factor of the necessity of information technologies use in the learning process. The authors argue that the younger the learners are the more IT-oriented they are. It means that neglecting new technology in teaching a foreign language to children, teenagers and young adults is not an option any more. Older students used to traditional methods of teaching a foreign language appreciate the use of online resources and tools. The combination of student-centered methods and modern technology is the quintessence of blended learning which serves as an effective teaching tool for EFL students.Sexting – “Youth Produced Sexual Imagery” - Advice
There is no single definition of ‘sexting’. Many professionals consider sexting to be ‘sending or posting sexually suggestive images, including nude or semi-nude photographs, via mobiles or over the Internet.’
It is an offence to possess, distribute, show and make indecent images of someone under 18. Indecency is not defined but for most purposes, if imagery contains a naked young person, a topless girl, and/or displays genitals or sex acts, including masturbation, then it will be considered indecent. Indecent images may also include overtly sexual images of young people in their underwear.
The law was devised to protect children from adults and not to criminalise children. However, children who take or share sexual images of themselves or others are breaking the law. Creating and sharing imagery can be very risky but can be the result of natural curiosity and exploration. Young people often need educating, support and safeguarding rather than criminalisation.
Schools may respond to incidents without referring to the police. If the police are involved, they can record the outcome of the investigation as “Outcome 21”. This means that even though a young person has broken the law and the police could provide evidence that they have done so, the police can record that they chose not to take further action as it was not in the public interest.
Dealing with incidents
• The image must not be copied or stored on another device; it should not be viewed without good reason (see below)
• The incident should be referred to the Designated Safeguarding Lead as soon as possible to decide:
- Whether there is an immediate risk to a young person or young people.
- If a referral should be made to the police and/or children’s social care.
An immediate referral to police and/or children’s social care should be made if at this initial stage:
The incident involves an adult or there is a significant age difference
The imagery involves sexual acts and any pupil in the imagery is under 13
There is reason to believe that a young person has been coerced, blackmailed or groomed, or if there are concerns about their capacity to consent (for example, owing to special educational needs)
What you know about the imagery suggests the content depicts sexual acts which are unusual for the young person’s developmental stage, or are violent
There is reason to believe a young person is at immediate risk of harm owing to the sharing of the imagery, for example, the young person is presenting as suicidal or self-harming
Any incidents with aggravating factors, for example, a young person sharing someone else’s imagery without consent and with malicious intent, should generally be referred to police and/or children’s social care. The school will also take into account whether the child has been involved previously in any such incident.
Deletion of imagery
• Students will be informed that possession of youth produced sexual imagery is illegal and that they must delete images. They will be informed that if they refuse or it is later discovered they did not delete the images they are committing a criminal offence and the police may become involved.
Parents/carers will be informed at an early stage unless informing them will put the student at risk. A decision not to inform parents will usually be taken with social care and or the police. Parents/carers will be offered advice, although this advice will vary according to the way in which their child has been involved.
All parents or carers whose child has been involved in any incidents will be:
• Given support to deal with their own feelings of upset and concern.
• Kept updated about any actions that have been taken or any support that their child is accessing.
• Advised on the law around youth produced sexual imagery with regard to saving, sharing, or looking at naked or sexual images of children.
• Informed about sources of support for their child, in case they are feeling anxious or depressed about what has happened. This could include speaking to a ChildLine counsellor or a GP.
• Provided with information on where they are able to access support themselves if they are concerned or distressed.
• Directed to NCA-CEOP if they are concerned about child sexual exploitation or grooming.
Parents or carers whose child has lost control of a sexual image will be:
• Directed to encourage the young person to delete images from social media accounts, if they have uploaded them themselves.
• Directed to ChildLine’s partnership with the Internet Watch Foundation to see if it is possible to get the image removed if it has been shared more widely. This must be done as soon as possible in order to minimise the number of people that have seen the picture.
Parents/carers will also be informed about how to report sexual images on individual sites to get them taken down. If the image has been shared via a mobile, they will be informed that they can contact the mobile phone operator in order to get their child’s mobile number changed.
• Directed to services for Harmful Sexual Behaviour, such as the National Clinical Assessment and Treatment Service24 (020 7428 1500 or [email protected], an NSPCC service), if appropriate, or if similar incidents have previously occurred.
Parents or carers whose child has been sent a sexual image will be:
• Provided with suggested ways that their child could speak to the sender in order to stop future correspondences. Alternatively, if the young person prefers, informed about how to block the sender.
• Directed to NCA-CEOP if the images were shared by an adult, if their child is being contacted by adults and they are concerned about sexual exploitation or grooming
Reporting to the police
When it is considered that the police need to be involved, issues will be referred to the School’s Police.
The School notes that when a report is made to the police they are not able to offer general advice on incidents. If the children involved are named or specifics are provided they are duty-bound to record and investigate all criminal activity reported.Repertory Guides (ML 128, 1100)
ChoralNet: The Internet
Center for Choral Music.
See Annotated Bibliographies—Choral Music
Christy, Van Ambrose. Glee Club and Chorus: a Handbook of Organizing, Conducting, and Maintaining Glee Club and Choral Organizations, with Selected, Graded, and Classified Lists of Octavo Music and Texts.
Bausano, William, comp. Sacred Latin texts and English translations for the choral conductor and church musician : Propers of the Mass. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press,1998. ML 54.8
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24 | 2 | 1 |
consumption of 2200 kcal/day, the amount of protein based
on total energy intake is calculated as follows:
2200kcal x 0.35 (maximum recommended % of total kilocalories from protein) =
770 kcal from protein or less
770kcal / 4 (kcal/g protein) = 193 or less of protein recommended
The intake of 193 g of protein is the highest level recom-
mended. Because 35% is the upper limit, protein consump–
tion above this level may jeopardize adequate intakes of
nutrients provided from other food sources.
For the second method for calculating, if protein intake is 55 g,
and caloric intake is 2200 kcal, the percentage of protein based on
the actual protein intake can be determined as follows:
55 (g protein) x 4 (kcal/g protein) =
220 kcal from protein
220(kilocalories from protein) / 2200
(total kilocalorie intake)x 100(%) =
10% of total kilocalories from protein
Because 10%r is the lower limit, this person’s protein may
be inadequate, and professional counseling may be war-
ranted. Person should see a registered dietitian.
To be continued…Intriguing report in from the folks at the Biogeochemical Dynamics lab at the University of Arizona.
It seems that the Southern Ocean might slow the rate of global warming by absorbing significantly more heat and carbon dioxide than previously thought. The Southern Hemisphere's westerly winds have slide southward in the last 30 years, and a new climate model suggests that these winds can will transfer heat and carbon dioxide from the surface waters surrounding Antarctica into the deeper, colder waters.
Lead researcher Joellen L. Russell was quoted as saying that "'We think it will slow global warming. It won't reverse or stop it, but it will slow the rate of increase.'"
She also said: "'But there are consequences... This isn't an unqualified good, even if more carbon dioxide and heat goes into the ocean.'"
"As the atmosphere warms, storing more heat in the ocean will cause sea levels to rise even faster as the warmed water expands, she said. Adding more CO2 to the oceans will change their chemistry, making the water more acidic and less habitable for some marine organisms."
There's lots more - too much to get into here. Check out Science Daily: Southern Ocean Could Slow Global Warming »الزامات آموزش و پرورش برای مواجهه با کرونا در سال تحصیلی آینده
مرکز پژوهشهای مجلس شورای اسلامی، طی پژوهشی راهبردهایی را برای شرایط کرونایی آموزش و پرورش در سال آموزشی ۱۳۹۹-۱۴۰۰ تدوین کرده است.
به گزارش گاج مگ، به نقل از خبرگزاری تسنیم، با توجه به قطعیبودن موج دوم کرونا در پاییز و ادامهدار بودن این بحران، وزارت آموزش و پرورش باید برای مواجهه با مشکلات ناشی از این موضوع در سال تحصیلی جدید آماده باشد. بنابراین بازگشایی مدارس نیازمند ملاحظاتی از قبیل اصلاح قوانین، کاهش تراکم کلاس ها، الزام مدارس به رعایت ملاحظات بهداشتی، الزام دانشآموزان به ثبتنام در مدارس نزدیک به محل زندگی و ارزیابی کیفیت یادگیری در سال گذشته برای جبران کمبودهای آن است. همچنین قوانین و زیرساختهای آموزش الکترونیک و تلویزیونی نیازمند بازنگری است تا در صورت نیاز بخشی از آموزش با بهترین کیفیت از این طریق صورت گیرد.
ضرورت تدوین راهبرد برای شرایط کرونایی
براساس اظهار نظر مقامات رسمی وزارت بهداشت، همزمان با بیماری آنفلوانزا در فصل پاییز، کووید-۱۹ نیز دوباره در این فصل اوج میگیرد. همچنین کارشناسان اپیدمیولوژیست معتقد هستند موج دوم قطعی بوده اما زمان و بزرگی آن قابل تعیین نیست. بنابراین ضروریست وزارت آموزش و پرورش برای مواجهه با مشکلات ناشی از ویروس کرونا در فصل پاییز خود را آماده کند. در این پژوهش، به الزامات و ملاحظات این وزارتخانه برای شروع سال تحصیلی ۱۳۹۹-۱۴۰۰ با رویکرد حفظ سلامت دانشآموزان و کارکنان، ارتقا کیفیت فعالیتهای آموزشی و تقویت آموزشهای الکترونیکی و تلویزیونی پرداخته شده است.
الزامات آموزش حضوری و بازگشایی مدارس
در بحران کرونا بازگشایی مدارس و شروع مجدد آموزش حضوری نیازمند الزامات ملاحظاتی جدی است تا بدین وسیله ضمن حفظ کارایی آموزش در مدارس، سلامت دانشآموزان و کارکنان حفظ شود. این الزامات در ادامه ارائه شده است:
اصلاح قانون: بایستی قانون شروع مدارس در اول مهرماه هر سال به نحوی اصلاح شود که از انعطاف لازم برای زمان آغاز و پایان سال تحصیلی و نیز زمان برگزاری امتحانات برخوردار باشد.
کاهش تراکم کلاس: برای کاهش تراکم کلاسها میتوان از رویکردهایی مانند نوبتی کردن حضور دانشآموزان در مدرسه به صورت یک روز در میان یا استفاده از نوبت مخالف مدارس به نحوی که دانشآموزان به دو گروه تقسیم شده و در نوبتهای صبح و بعد از ظهر در مدرسه حاضر شوند، بهره برد. همچنین با استفاده از ظرفیت تعطیلات آخر هفته و کاهش زمان تدریس با تمرکز بر تدریس نکات مهم، میتوان منجر به کاهش حضور دانشآموزان از ۶ ساعت به ۲ یا ۳ ساعت در مدرسه شد.
ارزیابی کیفیت یادگیری در سال ۹۸-۹۹: با ارزشیابی از دروس سال تحصیلی ۹۸-۹۹ در هفته یا دو هفته ابتدایی سال جدید تحصیلی، باید درصورت لزوم به تدریس و رفع اشکال مباحث سال تحصیلی گذشته اقدام شود.
ثبتنام در مدارس دولتی و غیر دولتی در سال جدید: با توجه به حتمیبودن شیوع کرونا در پاییز و تردید نسبت به امکان آموزش مصوب و غیر مصوب (فوق برنامه)، باید در قراردادهای مدارس با رویکرد اخذ شهریه فوق برنامه بصورت ماهانه و متناسب با حجم برنامههای ارائه شده به دانشآموزان، تجدید نظر صورت گیرد. همچنین بایستی رویکرد فعلی ثبتنام دانشآموزان از ملاک محدوده جغرافیایی، به ثبتنام مبتنی بر همسایگی مدارس تغییر یابد. به طوری که مدرسه مرکز باشد و ساکنین با مسافت کم در اولویت ثبتنام باشند تا باعث اصلاح زمان رفت و آمد و حضور دانشآموزان در محیط بیرون خانه و سرویس مدارس شود.
رعایت ملاحظات بهداشتی در مدارس: بایستی دستورالعمل کنترل و پیشگیری برای اجرا در مدارس سراسر کشور تهیه و ابلاغ شود. ضمناً اطلاعات مربوط به خانوارهای مبتلا به کرونا از طرف مراکز بهداشتی هر شهرستان به ادارات کل شهرستانی وزارت آموزش و پرورش برای مراقبت دانشآموزان ارائه شود.
الزامات آموزش الکترونیکی و تلویزیونی
با افزایش کیفیت و گسترش روند آموزش تلویزیونی از طریق گسترش پوشش تلویزیونی و سیگنالرسانی صدا و سیما در مناطق کم برخوردار طی چند ماه باقیمانده به آغاز سال تحصیلی و همکاری شبکههای استانی جهت بازپخش برنامههای آموزش تلویزیونی میتوان به تمرکز حضور دانشآموزان در مدارس برای دروس عملی با رویکرد کاهش تراکم کلاسی کمک کرد.
همچنین برای افزایش کیفیت آموزش الکترونیکی و مجازی با توجه به ادامه شیوع کرونا در ایران الزاماتی وجود دارد که در ادامه بیان میشود.
اجرای قوانین
وزارت ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات باید به اجرای ماده ۶۹ قانون برنامه ششم و نظارت بر انجام آن مکلف شود. طبق این قانون وزارت ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات با همکاری وزارت آموزش و پرورش تا پایان سال دوم اجرای قانون، باید برنامه هوشمندسازی مدارس را اجرایی کرده و امکان دسترسی الکترونیک به محتوای آموزش به صورت رایگان برای کلیه دانشآموزان شهرهای زیر ۲۰ هزار نفر و روستاها و حاشیه شهرهای بزرگ فراهم نمایند.
همچنین با استفاده از ظرفیتهای قانونی میتوان آستان قدس رضوی، بنگاههای اقتصادی زیرمجموعه نیروهای مسلح و ستاد اجرایی فرمان امام را به پرداخت مالیات مستقیم و مالیات بر ارزش افزوده به منظور برقراری عدالت آموزشی در حوزه آموزش الکترونیکی و ایجاد دسترسی دانشآموزان مناطق محروم به ملزومات آموزش الکترونیکی مکلف کرد. ضمناً با تصویب قوانینی میتوان دسترسی رایگان به محصولات و نرم افزارهای آموزش مجازی و محتوای درسی ارائه شده توسط مؤسسههای آموزشی و کمک آموزشی امکان پذیر کرده و با محاسبه هزینههای صورت گرفته به عنوان هزینه قابل قبول مالیاتی، به آموزش مجازی دانشآموزان کمک کرد.
تدوین ضوابط حکمرانی آموزش مجازی
با تدوین و اجرای قواعد کلی حکمرانی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در حوزه آموزشهای مجازی و نظارت و ارزیابی آنها، میتوان کیفیت آموزش مجازی دانشآموزان را به صورت چشمگیری افزایش داد. قوانینی همانند ارائه محیطی ایمن و قابل کنترل از اینترنت برای استفاده دانشآموزان مانند استفاده از نرمافزارها و سخت افزارهای آموزش مجازی و استفاده از ظرفیت سیمکارتهای دانشآموزی، میتواند در این زمینه مؤثر باشد.
پیشنهاد الزامات مدیریتی و اجرایی آموزش مجازی
پیشنهاد میشود همزمان با توزیع کتابهای درسی سال تحصیلی آینده، محتوای الکترونیکی چندرسانهای از همه دروس به دانشآموزان ارائه گردد و برای دانشآموزان مناطق کم برخوردار روستایی و عشایری و با توجه به عدم دسترسی این افراد به اینترنت، درسنامه و بستههای الکترونیکی آفلاین، ارائه شود. همچنین ملزمکردن مدارس به راهاندازی و تجهیز مدرسه به زیرساختهای آموزش آنلاین و مجازی و استفاده از ظرفیت خیرین مدرسهساز برای تبدیلشدن به مدارس به مدرسه مجازی تمام عیار در شرایط خاص کمک شایانی کند. به علاوه، برای بهبود کیفیت استفاده دانشآموزان از محتوای آموزشی آنلاین میتوان از آموزش یاری استفاده نمود. ضمناً بازنگری و نظارت بر تعرفه عرضه خدمات آموزش الکترونیکی و ارائه بستههای اینترنتی با تعرفه ویژه به معلمان و دانشآموزان کم بضاعت، منجر به دسترسی همه اقشار جامعه به این امکانات کمک آموزشی شد.
جمع بندی
با توجه به اظهارات مقامات وزارت بهداشت، موج دوم شیوع ویروس کرونا در پاییز قطعی است. بنابراین ضروری است که وزارت آموزش و پرورش با درک این واقعیت و داشتن فرصت چند ماهه تا آغاز سال تحصیلی جدید، ملاحظات و الزاماتی را برای کاستن مشکلات شیوع بیماری کرونا در نظر بگیرد. در این پژوهش اقدامات و ملاحظاتی با تمرکز به سه حوزه آموزش حضوری، آموزش الکترونیکی و آموزش تلوزیونی ارائه شد. این ملاحظات به آموزش و پرورش کمک میکند تا از بحران پیش رو با کمترین خسارات عبور کند و در روند آموزش دانش آموزان خلل کمتری ایجاد شود.معاون علمی رئیس جمهور:
استارت آپ های كاهنده مصرف انرژی ساختمان فعال می شود
بتن آنلاین: معاون علمی و فناوری رئیس جمهور از فعال شدن استارت آپ های كاهنده مصرف انرژی در ساختمان تا اختتام دولت دوازدهم آگاهی داد.
به گزارش بتن آنلاین به نقل از مهر، سورنا ستاری امروز در مراسم رونمایی از سامانه پایش اطلاعات انرژی ساختمان با تاکید بر اینکه استارت آپ ها باید در این عرصه ورود کنند، اظهار داشت: تا زمانی که این مبحث تجاری نشود و اقتصادی در آن شکل نگیرد نمی توانیم کاری از پیش ببریم.
وی اضافه کرد: ما در معاونت علمی و فناوری ریاست جمهوری آمادگی داریم تا کمک نماییم استارت آپ های حوزه انرژی ساختمان فعال شوند.
معاون علمی و فناوری رئیس جمهور اظهار داشت: اقتصادی که به این حوزه مربوط می شود تنها اقتصاد انرژی نیست بلکه با اقتصاد خدمات ساختمان نیز مرتبط می باشد، درآمدهای این حوزه است که استارت آپ های فعال در بخش انرژی ساختمان را فعال می کند.
ستاری اشاره کرد: این بخش در معاونت علمی و فناوری رئیس جمهور تا اختتام دولت دوازدهم پیاده سازی شده و شرکت های خدمات انرژی ساختمان راه اندازی می شود. این مساله در کاهش مصرف سوخت در ساختمان ها تأثیرگذار خواهد بود.
منبع: betononline.ir
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلبCondivido oggi con voi un pensiero che ho ritrovato nel blog di Colleen Madsen e avevo letto anche nel libro di Karen Kingston, ma che ritengo sia vero e confermato dalla saggezza biblica di migliaia di anni fa.
Questo è ciò che dice il blog 365 less things:
Come dice il proverbio ~ "Credi e l'Universo provvederà ." Che tu sia religioso, spirituale o meno c'è una buona probabilità che questo detto sia vero per te. E 'sicuro che è stato vero per me, e per questo non mi preoccupo mai di lasciar andare le cose che io non uso. Tengo molto poche cose delle quali penso di poter avere bisogno in futuro perché non ho alcun dubbio che ...
- ...probabilmente non ne ho mai davvero avuto bisogno .
- ...tutto ciò che mi servirà in futuro potrà facilmente essere sostituito in un secondo momento.
E' facile arrangiarsi quando si ha bisogno di qualcosa, spesso basta un po' di fantasia e si evita di comprare cose inutili.
Colleen racconta di alcuni esempi accaduti alla sua famiglia. La figlia che desiderava tanto un frullatore visto in Tv. Lei avrebbe voluto regalarglielo ma non lo ha mai fatto per diversi motivi. La settimana successiva una amica comune trova proprio quel frullatore al negozio dell'usato e sapendo del desiderio della figlia di Colleen glielo ha fatto avere. Cita altri esempi personali e poi conclude che è fiduciosa che non avrà più bisogno di ciò che ha declutterato, ma se dovesse succedere sa che riuscirà a sostituirlo.
In una società dove tutti stiamo cercando di declutterare per l'abbondanza di cose che abbiamo, siamo davvero convinti che arriveremo ad un punto in cui non potremo procurarci ciò che ci servirà? Se ora non usiamo qualcosa possiamo lasciarla andare!
In una società dove tutti stiamo cercando di declutterare per l'abbondanza di cose che abbiamo, siamo davvero convinti che arriveremo ad un punto in cui non potremo procurarci ciò che ci servirà? Se ora non usiamo qualcosa possiamo lasciarla andare!
Karen Kingston racconta l'episodio di un'amica alla quale avevano rubato uno stereo e che in qualche modo dopo poco tempo è riuscita a sostituirlo con qualcosa di migliore, senza difficoltà.
Ora vi dico la mia opinione e la mia esperienza.
Lo abbiamo sperimentato anche con mia figlia che sta diventando un'ottima declutteratrice. Quando decide di lasciare andare delle cose, abiti o oggetti, perchè ritiene di non averne più bisogno e li dona ad altri, poco dopo, non si sa perché, le vengono donate altre cose! Spesso mi dice: "Mamma io volevo liberarmi di alcune cose e me ne stanno arrivando addirittura di più!"
E' il principio che ci permette di essere certi che per noi sarà provveduto, ovvero avremo abbastanza. Questo concetto afferma che se lasciamo andare le nostre cose ad altri, che possono averne più bisogno di noi, in qualche modo le riavremo indietro.
Biblicamente ci sono due versi che dicono:
- "Dai e ti sarà dato" Luca 6:38
- "Il mio Dio provvederà splendidamente ad ogni vostro bisogno secondo le sue ricchezze e con gloria in Cristo Gesù" - Filippesi 4:19
L'idea del sapere che se una cosa non ci serve può essere lasciata andare ad altri, oltre ad essere liberatorio ci dà serenità perchè sappiamo che se ne avremo bisogno in futuro troveremo certamente altri modi per averla. In qualche modo ciò che ci serve ci sarà provveduto.
Karen Kingston spiega questo con il concetto dell'universo che provvede. Io lo vedo invece come una cura speciale del mio Padre Celeste, che mi ricorda che anche i capelli del mio capo sono contati, che provvede per i gigli dei campi e gli uccelli del cielo. Perché mi devo preoccupare? Posso essere serena e lasciare andare ciò che non uso più.功能：一切都变的嘲讽了起来...
使用说明：前几天听了爸爸的一席话
软件介绍：无不想在这里站住脚的
灿艳柔和的暖日将一身的金光尽兴的抖落了下来.
这时辰辰
住到了这栋斑斓的别墅里
星夜心里微暖...
第二天凌晨...
主要功能：娟秀的容颜上划过一道痕迹
软件名称：深深地锁着电脑屏幕...
星夜淡淡的回了一句
当初义无反顾的走上这条路
不知道是不是是提高了良多
号码给你存进去了
她已一天没有进食了
微斜而立
;星夜逐步的直起身子”“
车子的门很快就被打开了Mimi Beardsley ha 19 anni quando, nel 1962, ottiene un lavoro estivo all'ufficio stampa della Casa Bianca. Dopo una nuotata in piscina e un aperitivo di benvenuto, John Kennedy seduce la sua stagista, inesperta e un po' ubriaca. Mimi sa di essere uno sfogo e un giocattolo per lui, ma avverte di essergli, in qualche modo, necessaria. La loro relazione prosegue fino al tragico novembre 1963, e in quei 18 mesi Mimi conosce il lato umano del presidente: la sua dipendenza dal sesso, ma anche l'attaccamento commovente ai figli, il senso di solitudine, l'amore per il potere, e la capacità di donare affetto e attenzione fino alla tragica fine.
Descrizione
Figlia della buona borghesia americana, educata nella stessa scuola di Jackie Kennedy, Mimi
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24 | 2 | 2 |
environmental programming on air and online” during that time period. That will include ad spots from NBC’s on-air talent pushing eco-awareness and segments during the networks’ news coverage.（早报讯）一份在周四（5月20日）公布的独立调查报告指出，英国广播公司（BBC）在1995年说服戴安娜王妃接受专访的事件中，在诚信方面没有达到应有的高水平，并指当时的BBC记者巴希尔（Martin Bashir）犯下欺诈行为。
这次事件始于戴安娜胞弟斯宾塞去年公开指控巴希尔，BBC之后调查事件，并由退休法官戴森领导调查。
根据斯宾塞之前指控，巴希尔在90年代伪造银行文件，令斯宾塞以为有王室职员收钱泄露有关戴妃家庭的资讯，然后巴希尔又谎称戴妃、查理斯王子身边助手都遭收买，会监视戴妃，以求获取他与戴妃的信任，促使他当年介绍巴希尔给戴妃，让戴妃在1995年接受BBC专访。
戴妃在专访中说出她的名言“我的婚姻有三个人，太拥挤了”，即变相承认她、查理斯王子与卡米拉之间的三角关系。这段访问当年吸引2300万人收看，也促使英女王伊丽莎白二世之后要求戴妃夫妇离婚。
BBC总裁戴维斯在调查报告出炉后表示：“BBC无法返回四分一世纪之前，但我们能够作出全面及无条件的道歉，这是BBC今天能够做的。”
据英国媒体上周报道，58岁的巴希尔早前已以健康问题为由，辞去在BBC的职务。经过设计师的反复推敲，空间布局的精心规划，原有户型的功能劣势得以全然消除；简化后的现代形式语言和传统丰富的线性形式语言形成强烈的视觉反差及对比。设计师在挑空空间中巧妙地增设了二层的连廊部分，将纵向空间进行更为合理地划分，从而形成更为多变的空间感受和功能区域划分。内敛、低调的浅灰色被大胆运用作为大面积的背景底色，并辅以净透、跳跃的白色为点缀，营造出一种明快、简约的空间感受；总体氛围融入了时尚、舒适内敛的设计元素，突出居者的沉着硬朗、睿智深刻的生活阅历及艺术品味，展现出空间的立体感受和特有的文化品位，同时也提高了空间使用者对生活品质及舒适居所的完美追求。Lee Kayne offers advice on complementary therapies for winter ailments
The common cold is caused by a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. Symptoms typically appear one to two days after infection and last around a week, varying in type and severity but generally including sneezing, sore throat, runny or blocked nose, cough, headache and sometimes, especially in children, fever. The symptoms will generally resolve themselves and it is usually possible to continue with one’s daily business, especially with the help of allopathic or complementary therapies.
Influenza is also a viral infection and, although a vaccine has become available in recent years, the large number of different strains means that flu is still widespread. It is characterised by sudden onset with fever, extreme fatigue, muscle soreness as well as some or all of the symptoms of a cold. These symptoms can last up to two weeks and usually require the patient to rest completely for several days. Flu is responsible for many deaths each year and can be dangerous in very young or elderly patients and in those with an existing chronic condition such as diabetes or asthma. If flu is suspected in such cases or in any case where there is a prolonged high fever, the doctor should always be consulted.
Colds and flu spread more easily in the winter months due to the cold weather – we tend to spend less time outdoors and turn the heating up indoors. This, together with close contact with others in the home, at school, at work or on public transport creates a perfect environment for the spread of a virus. And the bad news is, there is no cure! So we must concentrate on alleviating the symptoms and strengthening the body’s natural defences.
Allopathic treatments for cold and flu symptoms are widely available and include painkillers for relief of muscle aches and pains, sore throat, fever and headaches; nasal sprays or decongestants for a blocked nose; antihistamines to dry up runny nose and eyes; and cough suppressants.
Combination medications containing two or more of the above are also extremely popular due to both their convenience and economical nature. Such treatments do however have limitations. Many over the counter medicines, including some painkillers and decongestants, are not suitable for children or patients taking prescription medication – a pharmacist will be able to assist you in the appropriate choice. Additionally, these medicines treat a general group of symptoms, without considering the patient’s individual needs or specific type of symptom.
Remedies may be taken safely by any patient including babies and those taking prescription medication without concerns regarding side-effects or interactions. Because homeopathy takes into account the overall picture – a person’s emotional makeup and general health, the type of illness and specific “modalities” that make the symptoms better or worse – two patients presenting with the same complaint, such as a cold with fever, might very well be given different homeopathic remedies. For example, in treating a fever, Aconite or Belladonna might be recommended in cases of sudden onset, although Ferrum phos or Bryonia may be more appropriate if onset is gradual and depending on the modalities.
However, in a patient who is emotional, weepy and maintains that the symptoms improve outdoors, Pulsatilla may be more useful.
For flu, Gelsemium is often the remedy of choice, especially in symptoms characterised by shaking, chill and sore, aching muscles especially in patients who dislike cold and damp.
The table below summarises the major remedies useful in the acute treatment of cold and flu symptoms.
|First signs especially after a chill, thirsty, possibly anxious.||Aconite|
|Sudden onset, high fever; hot, red, throbbing headache, sensitive to light, noise.||Belladonna|
|Streaming nose (possibly eyes too), sneezing, clear discharge often thicker after 24-48 hours, prefers
to suffer alone and shuns sympathy.
|Headache, pains all over, irritable, nauseous, (also good for a hangover!). Nose congested with little
discharge, chilly – cannot get warm, even in bed.
|Established symptoms, headache, shivers, fatigue, aches and pains, alternating hot and cold, sore
nose, very sleepy.
|Very thirsty, sore muscles/bones, headache, worse on movement.||Eupatorium perf|
|Fever, catarrh, burning nasal discharge, sneezing.||Arsenicum iod|
|Slow onset, mild fever, worse at night, better for cold, nosebleeds.||Ferrum phos|
|Catarrh in nose with thick discharge, ears feel blocked, worse at night, better in fresh air and with attention from loved ones.||Pulsatilla|
|Dry, painful cough, worse at night, thirsty – often most effective as a linctus.||Bryonia|
|A specialised combination remedy for the prevention and treatment of colds and flu. Often prescribed by homeopathic doctors for at risk patients.||Influenzinum/Bacillinum|
However, self-prescribing is often difficult and the advice of a health professional trained in homeopathy will always provide the most appropriate treatment and most effective outcome. This is especially important if receiving other homeopathic treatment from a qualified practitioner.
In Europe and America, a very popular homeopathic product called Oscillococcinum can be bought over the counter for the prevention and treatment of colds and flu. This product is not licensed for general retail sale in the UK, but might be obtained with a doctor’s prescription.
Aromatherapy oils can also be very good for relieving many of the symptoms of colds and flu, if used appropriately and after seeking professional advice. Oils can be used in an inhalation or diluted in a carrier oil such as almond or grapeseed for use in massage. Peppermint and eucalyptus oils can be used to clear the head, unblock the nose and ease muscular aches and pains. Peppermint oil can also be placed in a hot footbath to help draw toxins from the body. Tea tree oil is used for its intrinsic anti-viral properties and to boost immunity and lavender oil is good for easing headaches, muscle aches and pains and soothing chesty coughs. For adults, add a few drops of oil to a bath, vaporiser or bowl of hot water and inhale. For children or babies, a few drops in a cup of warm water placed above the radiator in their bedroom at night can work wonders.
Herbal remedies, vitamins and supplements also have much to offer. A number of studies have shown that taking zinc and vitamin C during a cold can actually shorten its duration by as much as 50 percent. The herb echinacea can boost the immune system and help prevent infection from taking hold if taken regularly.
Even so much as mention a runny nose or sore throat within earshot of my grandma and she’ll promptly whip up a batch (or seven) of her famous chicken soup! If we consider some of the key ingredients, we begin to realise that the use of this traditional remedy actually has some basis in fact. It has a high salt content and, as we know, gargling with salted water helps to destroy bacteria and ease symptoms of a sore throat. Onions and garlic (theAllium remedies in homeopathy) are also excellent for colds.
While in the kitchen, ensure your cupboard is well stocked with honey to coat a dry, scratchy throat, lemon and other citrus fruits for their vitamin C and antioxidant properties and cinnamon for its anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Tea prepared with these ingredients (or a “hot toddy” containing one other important Scottish ingredient) is very soothing and helps to promote a good night’s sleep. Perhaps Grandma really does know best after all!
Lee Kayne PhD MRPharmS DFHom(Pharm) is a community pharmacist in Glasgow.تقطیر اتمسفری
نفت خام پس از نمک گیری ، به داخل یک رشته مبدل حرارتی پمپ می شود
و پس از تبادل حرارت با فراورده ها و جریان های بازگشتی ستون تقطیر ، به دمای حدود 280 درجه سانتیگراد می رسد
و پس از آن از کوره ای می گذرد که دمایش را به حدود 350 درجه سانتیگراد می رساند.
سپس مخلوط مایع بدست آمده وارد منطقه تبخیر آنی ستون تقطیر آتمسفری می شود.
منطقه غنی سازی
در این منطقه بخار ها به طور ناگهانی از مواد سنگین تر جدا شده، به طرف سینی های بالای ستون حرکت می کنند ،
( منطقه غنی سازی ) و قسمت سنگین تر نیز که به صورت مایع است ،
به طرف پایین ستون جریان می یابد (منطقه استریپینگ).
ستون تقطیر از تعدادی سینی تشکیل شده است که در هر یک از آنها بخار و مایع در سال تعادلند.
در این ستون، فرآورده های نفتی به ترتیب بر حسب فاصله جوش جدا می شوند (فاصله جوش محدوده بین نقطه جوش ابتدایی تا انتهایی است ) ،
بدین صورت که از بالای ستون سبکترین مواد بدست می آیند و از قسمتهای جانبی ستون، فراورده های میان تقطیر.
فرآورده هایی که از این ستون بدست می آیند “فراورده های مستقیم” نامیده می شوند.
جریانهای خروجی از ستون تقطیر به صورت بخارند و پس از عبور از کندانسورها تبدیل به مایع می شوند.
قسمتی از این مایع به عنوان فرآورده تقطیر دریافت شده و قسمت دیگر تحت عنوان بازگردان به ستون تقطیر بازگردانده می شود.
هدف از بازگردان، تفکیک بهتر و تنظیم دمای ستون است ،
زیرا بازگردان به محض ورود به ستون تقطیر مجددا تبخیر می شود
و گرمای لازم برای تبخیر را از مواد موجود در سینی می گیرد و در نتیجه، مواد سنگین تری که در بخار آماده خروج از ستون بودند،
دوباره به حالت مایع در آمده، به طرف سینی های پائین تر جریان می یابند.
در این سینی ها نیز جریان به همین منوال ادامه می یابد.
به این ترتیب، در اثر انتقال جرم و حرارت، فاز مایعی که به طرف پائین جریان می یابد،
مرتبا از سازنده های سنگین تر غنی می شود در حالی که فاز بخار به تدریج که به سینی های بالاتر می رود،
سازنده های سبکتر را جذب می کند .海地弹簧蜥又叫海地纹面弹簧蜥，是纹面弹簧蜥两个亚种之一，另一亚种是巴哈马纹面弹簧蜥，海地纹面弹簧蜥分布于海地以及周边西印度群岛群岛等群岛上。
海地弹簧蜥成体长在25－30cm之间。雄性颜色鲜艳，雌性则相对暗淡很多。雄蜥的眼部上具有黑色条纹，四肢呈绿色。背部以红色为底色，并布有许多白色斑点，至于雌蜥的体色则以褐色为主。由于海地弹簧蜥顽强的环境适应能力，海地弹簧蜥数量在美国南部迅速增长；过大的种群导致了对食物的巨大需求，从而严重威胁到美国本土小型蜥蜴的生存。
海地弹簧蜥性格极其活跃，非常喜欢快速的爬行和跳跃，兴奋时（日光浴时，进食时，同类间交流以及见到饲主时）会上下点头并伴有其招牌动作：像弹簧伸缩一样卷曲尾巴。这也就是它名字的由来。作为生活在海滩，开阔灌木丛，岩石区带等干燥地区的蜥蜴，弹簧蜥尤其偏好日光浴，它们会像水龟晒背一般把后肢伸展开享受日光，展示出一副陶醉的样子。夜间弹簧蜥有钻入垫材过夜的习惯。有很强的领地性，成年雄性不可群养。
海地弹簧蜥杂食性，但以虫食为主。日常饲养一般喂食小型蟋蟀、面包虫或小个体的大麦虫。由于它们相当不挑食，所以理论上只要是无毒的昆虫都可以喂食。有网友说自己饲养的弹簧蜥在饿急了的情况下甚至捕食了一个和它体型几乎一样大的雄性杜比亚蟑螂，并且成功的肢解后吞食，可见其强大的捕食能力。蔬菜水果也可以少量进食，有部分挑食的个体不吃，饲育时玩家可以尝试性喂食。饮水容器需要低浅容易发现，海地弹簧蜥对饮水没有特别要求，渴了就会自己找水喝的。
海地弹簧蜥是干燥地区的蜥蜴，环境要求低湿度。不过我饲养下来感觉对湿度没有太苛刻的要求，只要不过于潮湿就没有问题。海地弹簧蜥白天环境温度在25摄氏度左右，热点下30摄氏度。夜间环境温度18以上，或者甚至可以忽略加热，因为弹簧蜥夜间都会在垫材里过夜睡觉，所以只要保证垫材厚度和温度（如底部加热垫）就可以，空气温度可以不考虑。需要UVB，5.0即可。
可采取一雄多雌的群养方式，繁殖方式为卵生。同时由于弹簧蜥侵略性不高，可以和很多品种混养。有朋友尝试过和盾甲等蜥蜴混养，效果都不错，小编觉得和干燥类型的石龙子混养效果应该会很好。
更多精彩推荐
纹面弹簧蜥名字的由来
刺尾岩蜥
彩虹飞蜥怎么养
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. La carne, che cruda pesava 16,5 tonnellate, è stata cotta con la pelle secondo un’antica ricetta di questi luoghi. Per 14 ore le bistecche sono state lasciate sulla griglia, controllate a turno dai “parrilleros”, gli esperti del barbecue.
Una volta cotta la carne è stata pesata dai giudici del Guinnes dei Primati. Il notaio Consuelo Urruela ha certificato che la carne pesava 10,14 tonnellate, battendo il record di 9,16 dell’Argentina. A questo punto non resta che scoprire come reagiranno gli argentini e se raccoglieranno ancora una volta la sfida dell’Uruguay.Bush Utilization and Promotion of Wood Industries
Bush encroachment or bush thickening is perceived as environmental problem by many people especially the livestock farmers, due to a lack of understanding and skill to realise the economic benefits that can be derived from the encroacher bush.
Despite the negative impacts, the encroacher bush has developed into a huge biomass resource, estimated at about 200 to 300 million tonnes. Measures used to combat bush encroachment create positive opportunities for the Namibian economy such as the use of wood resources for electricity generation and value chain development in other sectors. Bush thinning/De-bushing therefore offers the potential to increase agricultural productivity, economic growth, employment and energy security, without competing with food production.
However wood industry covers other wood products beyond the bush based products, that include furniture manufacturing and wood carvings which are promoted even in the areas which are not bush encroached, for instance in sustainable forest managed areas (Community Forests and Conservancies).Sovyet devrine siyasi, iktisadi ve sosyal bakımdan ışık tutan çok yönlü bir eserdir. Azerbaycan'daki 70 yıllık Sovyet rejiminin ne kadar zalim, ne kadar adaletsiz, ne kadar ahlaksız olduğunu bütün somutluğuyla gözler önüne serer. Zengin şuuraltına sahip kahramanlarıyla psikolojik olguları gayet güzel bir şekilde aksettirmekte, bu tahakkümün hüviyetinin anlaşılmasını sağlayan felsefî düşüncelere de yer vermektedir. İlginç olan hususlardan biri: hacimli eserde anlatılan hadiselerin Nisan ayının üç gününde geçmesidir. Yazarın "Her Şey Geçip Gidiyor hikâyesi de bu romanın bir bölümüdür.Farming as Rocket Science
September 9, 2013
- "Why American agriculture is different from the European variety and how does 4-H change the equation?" BEFORE growing up to become farmers, a startling number of America's rural kids are taught how to build rockets. Every year rural skies fill with mini-missiles built by children. The largest will fly hundreds of feet, carrying altimeters, parachutes and payloads of eggs. Baseball diamonds are popular launch sites, as are alfalfa fields: the latter tend to be large and, compared with other crops, alfalfa tolerates a fair bit of trampling. All this tinkering and swooshing explains a lot about American farms.
4-H Pittsburgh : Explore, Discover, Learn and Lead
August 29, 2013
- Through the generous support of The Heinz Endowments, 4-H Pittsburgh has teamed with two long standing grass roots organizations (The Kingsley Association and Nabhi Christian Ministries) to deliver an innovative youth development program geared towards African-American males. The project will primarily involve two neighborhoods, Larimer and Lincoln-Lemington.
Embryology Available as School Enrichment Program
January 24, 2013
- This spring students can incubate and hatch live chicks in their classroom. Chick Embryology is our most popular School Enrichment project.Kansas has had a dramatic history, even before it became the 34th state. Historians have reported that Native Americans were living in Kansas as early as 12,000 B.C. They were followed for centuries by many different tribes making the history of Kansas entwined with the first Americans.
Between 1541 and 1739 explorers from Spain and France came to the area in search of gold, knowledge and trade with the Indians. In 1803, Kansas became a part of the United States as part of the Louisiana Purchase. Fifty-one years later it was organized as a territory which included the eastern half of Colorado.
Conflict over slavery led to bloody battles between free-staters (anti-slavery) and pro-slavery forces. This led to the attack on Lawrence by pro-slavery forces and the widespread public outcry associated with "Bleeding Kansas." Kansas became part of the United States as a free state in 1861.
After the Civil War expansion of the rail system to Kansas and the increasing stream of immigrants lured to the state by offers of cheap land, Native Americans were forced into smaller and smaller reservations. Ultimately their removal to Indian Territory forced the final confrontation in the late 1870's that ended the independent life of the Native Americans.
The establishment of military posts to protect the railroads and trails used by immigrants led to the establishment of small towns which followed the posts. By 1870, the Kansas cow towns, following the westward expansion of the railroads, became well established. Such towns as Dodge City, Abilene, Caldwell, Newton and Wichita took their turns as the Queens of the Trail. To this day, the cattle industry remains an important part of the state's economy.
The introduction of Turkey Red Winter Wheat by Mennonites from Russia in 1874 was a milestone in Kansas agriculture. The wheat was ideally suited to the Kansas climate and has made Kansas one of the leading wheat-producing states in the nation.
The 20th century brought mining, oil production, the discovery of natural gas and helium, the meatpacking industry, automobile manufacturing and the aircraft industry. In this century Kansas has changed from being primarily a cattle and wheat state to a thriving industrial and agricultural state. As the center of the 48 contiguous states, Kansas has proven to be an attractive location for many companies serving national and international markets.
[Return to top]Depozito Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Hukuk Terimi Olarak Depozito:
Bir sözleşmeden dolayı doğabilecek zararlara karşı verilen teminat; bir taahhüt sırasında yatırılan güvence parası.
Ziraat (Tarım) Terimi Olarak Depozito:
Herhangi bir anlaşmada alıcının satıcıya bağlandığını belirtmek için verdiği peşin para.
Turizm ve Otelcilik Terimi Olarak Depozito:
Bir taahhüt sırasında güvence için ya da bağlanma nedeni ile oda, yer veya bilet ücretlerinin küçük bir miktarının peşin ödenmesi.
Benzer Hukuk Terimleri:
Akd-i mebhusünanh: sözü geçen akit, anlaşma, sözleşme
İdari: yönetimle ilgili; yönetsel
Laik: Din işlerini devlet işlerine karıştırmayan, devlet işlerini dinden ayrı tutan
Sebepsiz zenginleşme: İki mal varlığı arasında, birinin zararına olan haklı bir sebep olmaksızın meydana gelen değer kaymalarını ifade eder. Bu kaymalar, zenginleşmenin vey
Celesat-ı âti: gelecekteki celseler, oturumlar
Aile şirketi: bir ailenin bireylerinden oluşan ortaklık.
Uyuşmazlık Mahkemesi: Üyeleri Danıştay ve Yargıtayca seçilen ve çeşitli mahkemeler arasında çıkan görev ve hüküm uyuşmazlıklarını kesin olarak çözmeye yetkili olan mahkeme.
Ahzukabz: Bir miktar meblağın elden tesellüm edilmesi veya o miktar meblağın kasa hesabına kaydı.Una storia assurda, quella di Luc Mahieux, un assistente parlamentare belga. Per un puro caso, per qualche ora, è diventato a sua insaputa l'uomo più ricco dell'intero pianeta. Luc, abitante di Dinant, ha infatti scoperto mercoledì scorso che qualcuno aveva versato sul suo conto Visa la sbalorditiva cifra di oltre 2.000 miliardi di euro.
Il 'Paperone per errore' si è fatto vivo con la sua banca ed è diventato per alcuni giorni il beniamino dei media locali. «Ho pensato di risolvere tutti i miei problemi», racconta con una risata amara all'emittente locale MaTelé Luc. La strana sensazione di essere il più ricco di tutti i tempi è durata fino a oggi, quando la banca ha finalmente cancellato la somma.
'Iban di provenienza della somma corrispondeva a quella di un sito 'famoso' di cui avrebbe di recente cancellato l'abbonamento, che gli costava un prelievo fisso di 30 euro al mese. Ma i tecnici antifrode non si sono ancora spiegati come una simile somma sia arrivata sul suo conto e da dove. Luc Mahieux ha voluto liquidare la faccenda con una battuta sul suo account Facebook, precisando a tutti i suoi«futuri» potenziali amici di non avere più soldi.15860236
Inviato: 9 Ago 2017 14:17
Oggetto: T-Max 500: cambio leva freno a mano
Ciao a tutti.
Io ho un T-Max del 2008 e volevo chiedervi come si fa a sostituire la leva del freno a mano originale con una in ergal aftermarket oppure se esiste un tutorial da qualche parte. Giusto per non fare vaccate da invornito!
Grazieخبرهای بانکی - رییس سازمان بورس گفت: آنچه امروز باید مورد توجه ارکان بازار سرمایه باشد فرهنگ سازی دادوستد براساس تحلیل تخصصی است و این امر با تکیه بر رسانه های جمعی محقق می شود.
به گزارش خبرهای بانکی به نقل از تسنیم، اعضای هیات مدیره انجمن صنفی خبرنگاران و نویسندگان بازار سرمایه با شاپور محمدی، رییس سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار دیدار و گفتگو کردند.
در ابتدای این دیدار رییس سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار با تاکید بر اهمیت نقش رسانه ها در توسعه اقتصادی گفت: رسانه ها می توانند در همه حوزه ها از جمله اقتصاد و همچنین بازار سرمایه سطح تحلیل مخاطبین را ارتقا دهند.
محمدی با بیان اینکه انجمن های صنفی از جمله تشکل خبرنگاران بازار سرمایه ظرفیت گسترده ای برای آموزش و فرهنگ سازی در اختیار دارند اظهار داشت: سازمان بورس از همه فرصت های پیش روی مسیر آموزش و فرهنگ سازی بهره برداری می کند و در این زمینه هیچ محدودیتی وجود ندارد.
رییس سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار با بیان اینکه فرهنگ سازی و آموزش دغدغه اصلی سازمان بورس است، ابراز امیدواری کرد جامعه از طریق رسانه به دانش تخصصی بازار سرمایه مجهز شود.
دبیر شورایعالی بورس ادامه داد: اگر پایه دادوستد در بازار سرمایه براساس تحلیل های عقلانی، علمی و منطقی باشد بی شک این بازار سودآور خواهد بود و از منابع مردم صیانت می شود.
رییس سازمان بورس تاکید کرد: آنچه امروز باید مورد توجه ارکان بازار سرمایه باشد فرهنگ سازی دادوستد براساس تحلیل تخصصی است و این امر با تکیه بر رسانه های جمعی محقق می شود. ضمن این که خرید و فروش در بازار سرمایه باید بر اساس تحلیل صورت گیرد و مسئولیت فرهنگ سازی آن بر دوش رسانه ها است.
سخنگوی سازمان بورس با بیان اینکه رسانه ها با انتشار اخبار صحیح در واقع اعتماد تولید می کنند، گفت: تولید اعتماد، یک سرمایه اجتماعی گرانبها برای بازار سرمایه است.
محمدی با تاکید بر اینکه سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار از تعامل هرچه بیشتر رسانه ها با ارکان بازار سرمایه استقبال می کند و با ذکر این نکته که در دنیای امروز حتی بازی های رایانه ای نیز نقش رسانه بازی می کنند، گفت: توسعه اقتصادی کشور و رشد بازار سرمایه با تلاش رسانه ها تسهیل می شود.
همچنین در این نشست مدیر روابط عمومی و امور بین الملل سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار تولد انجمن صنفی خبرنگران بازار سرمایه را یکی از رویدادهای مهم و مثبت دو سال اخیر بازار سرمایه دانست و ابراز امیدواری کرد اهداف این تشکل رسانه ای به صورت کامل محقق شود.
یاسر فلاح به تاثیر دو سویه این انجمن اشاره کرد و گفت: انجمن صنفی از یک سو رشد و توسعه حوزه تخصصی را رقم می زند و از سوی دیگر جایگاه خبرنگاران و رسانه ها را ارتقا می دهد.
وی با تاکید بر اینکه سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار با تمام توان از رسانه های فعال در بازار سرمایه حمایت می کند، گفت: امروز بازار سرمایه بیش از هر زمان دیگری به رسانه های تاثیرگذار نیاز دارد و توسعه رسانه های فعال حوزه بورس دغدغه بازار سرمایه است.
مدیرعامل شرکت اطلاع رسانی و خدمات بورس گفت: گسترش فعالیت رسانه ها در بازار سرمایه ضریب نفوذ این بازار در میان آحاد جامعه را افزایش می دهد.
وی از برنامه های این سازمان برای توسعه فضای رسانه ای بازار سرمایه خبر داد و عنوان کرد: برگزاری کارگاه های آموزشی با محور بازار سرمایه برای خبرنگاران اقتصادی از جمله برنامه های آتی روابط عمومی سازمان بورس است.
فلاح همچنین افزود: شرکت اطلاع رسانی و خدمات بورس و روابط عمومی و امور بین الملل سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار از هیچ امکانی برای توسعه و حمایت از رسانه های فعال در بازار سرمایه دریغ نمی کند و ابراز امیدواری کرد، با کمک رسانه ها شاهد ارتقای سواد مالی و بسط مفاهیم بازار سرمایه در جامعه باشیم.
همچنین در ادامه این نشست رئیس هیات مدیره انجمن خبرنگاران و نویسندگان بازار سرمایه با ارائه تاریخچه ای از راهاندازی این انجمن اظهار داشت: مطالعات و مقدمات اولیه شکل گیری انجمن خبرنگاران و نویسندگان بازار سرمایه در سال ۹۵ با همفکری و پیگیری جمعی از خبرنگاران باسابقه این حوزه انجام شد و در پی آن و پس از طی مراحل قانونی مجمع انجمن در ۲۱ فروردین ماه ۱۳۹۶ برگزار شد و به دنبال آن هیات مدیره منتخب مراحل مختلف ثبت و راه اندازی انجمن را پیگیری کردند.
مهدی حاجیوند با اشاره به این که در ۲۰ فروردین امسال نیز مجمع عمومی انجمن برگزار شد افزود: حوزه خبرنگاری بازار سرمایه یکی از حوزههای حرفهای، تخصصی و سخت رسانه در کشور است که بر اساس آن فعالان رسانه در حوزه بازار سرمایه باید بهصورت مداوم خبرهای گوناگونی را که بر معاملات بازار سهام اثرگذارند رصد و مورد تحلیل قرار دهند.
در ادامه این نشست نیز سایر اعضای هیات مدیره انجمن خبرنگاران و نویسندگان بازار سرمایه به ارائه دیدگاهها و نظرات خود و نیز بیان مشکلات خبرنگاران این حوزه پرداختند و قرار شد با همکاری سازمان بورس و سایر بورسها تدابیر آموزشی و رفاهی برای بهبود سطح کیفی و کمی و تسهیلا ارائه شده به خبرنگاران این حوزه تدوین، اجرایی و عملی شود.Feathered dinosaur, any of a group of theropod (carnivorous) dinosaurs, including birds, that evolved feathers from a simple filamentous covering at least by the Late Jurassic Period (about 161 million to 146 million years ago).
Similar structures have been reported on the bodies of some ornithischian (or “bird-hipped”) dinosaurs, and they are also known from pterosaurs (flying reptiles). It is, therefore, possible that the common ancestor of all these animals may have had some kind of filamentous or hairlike body covering.
Evolution of feathers
Phylogenetic analysis (cladistics) indicates that the precursors to feathers were simple straight, dense filamentous structures made mostly of keratin. These eventually evolved into branched, then downy, structures in several stalked forms that soon disappeared. Over time, this branched condition resolved itself into a central stalk with vanes on either side. These vanes later evolved into the structures known as barbs, which occur in the feathers of living birds. Although microscopic evidence from fossil forms is scant, at some point the barbs evolved barbules, the tiny hooks that provide mechanical structure to the vanes and give them aerodynamic integrity. The first such feathers were simple and symmetrical in their vanes, but by the time Archaeopteryx evolved, with its power of flight, some vanes had assumed an asymmetrical cast.
Evidence from developmental biology shows that as the feather grows, it first assumes a simple hairlike shape. Later, branches appear that develop into a central stalk, from which larger lateral vanes made up of smaller individual vanelike structures protrude. This evidence is stunning confirmation of a case in which “ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny,” a notion popularized by German zoologist and evolutionist Ernst Haeckel, in which he postulated that the development of a feature appears to parallel its evolution. The evidence also falsifies the long-held hypothesis that a feather is simply a fringed scale; it is not, as evidenced by different molecular developmental pathways between scale and feather.
English biologist Thomas Henry Huxley first suggested in the 1870s that birds may have been related to carnivorous dinosaurs, but his arguments were not universally accepted; other scientists, most notably English paleontologist Harry Govier Seeley, suggested that the resemblances may have been convergently evolved. In the early 1860s, the first skeletons of Archaeopteryx were discovered, complete with a full complement of long feathers. The fossils, which date to the Late Jurassic, are considered by many to be representative of the first species of bird. However, because no other reptiles from the Mesozoic Era had preserved body coverings such as feathers, the origin of birds remained obscure.
In the 1970s American paleontologist John H. Ostrom established that birds indeed evolved from small carnivorous dinosaurs, a discovery that was validated in the 1980s by detailed phylogenetic analysis. Ostrom suggested that feathers may have evolved as elaborations of basic fringed reptilian scales, an idea generally accepted at the time, and that natural selection may have favoured featherlike scales that first helped to beat down flying insect prey and later acquired an aerodynamic function. However, there was no evidence in the dinosaurian relatives of Archaeopteryx for
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was a form; I drank wine-that was reality. I seized my rifle, dagger, pistols; Dominique armed the hardiest of my slaves; and, before the sun rose, we set out to visit blood for blood.
I was absent for three days and nights. I started warmly on the death-chase, and never was one more keenly followed up. I seemed insensible to fatigue-heat, hunger, thirst were disregarded. Of fiveand-twenty vigorous axe-men, accustomed from infancy to forest-life, by the second evening eighteen were worn out, and unable to proceed; and yet I and Dominique-and he with a wounded arm-pursued the traces of the murderers with unabated ardour. I ate not, slept not, but drank brandy and shed blood. Seven of the eight had already perished; but that eighth one lived; and without that ruffian's life, my vengeance was incomplete. On we went once more, and the human hunt continued.
We found the wretch, at last, stretched beneath a tree-worn down, impassive, unresisting. I drew a pistol from my belt-looked at the doomed one for a moment. Three had fallen, resisting, by my hand: as many more by Dominique's.
No," I said, as I replaced the weapon; "desire the slaves to string that felon up; thou and I, my friend, cannot stoop to be his executioners!"
I returned-witnessed the obsequies of my wife. That scene was too much for one already excited by maddening influences; my senses wandered-and memory deserts me.
A long, long gloomy epoch follows-ten years; long, long years! Mine was a melancholy state of being; for they neither could call me mad, nor yet pronounce me sane. My child was placed in a neighbouring convent she grew was happy; and became, as the nuns averred, the favourite pensionnaire of a dozen. I saw her seldom; for when I did, the striking likeness between her and her angel-mother for days unsettled reason. Meanwhile, worldly events went prosperously; and, Heaven knows, without the slightest wish to increase possessions already more than enough to defray every desire and want, still wealth flowed in upon me; and, in the list of rich Chilian proprietors, my name stood high.
There was one period of the year when my reason was invariably disturbed; the anniversary of Camilla's murder. The whole of the events attendant on that frightful tragedy came back to memory; and the scene was vivid to the imagination as if it were really being again enacted. All was before my eyes-darkness and fire; slaughter; the death chase; the funeral; and then insanity closed the fearful drama. The domestics were always prepared for this awful season; and Dominique remained with me like my shadow.
It chanced that a week before this sad anniversary, an English botanist passed a country-house, where I was for the time residing, and, stopping with me as a guest, he observed the gloom and depression of my manner. Having delicately inquired the cause, and made himself master of all the circumstances connected with the appalling visitation
which I expected in another week, he asked permission to remain. This was granted,—and, directing his attention to the peculiar symptoms of my disease, he at once pronounced it curable. This bold assertion startled my household, who, for ten years, had witnessed the annual return of my insanity, and always accompanied, as it was, with unabated violence. But he seemed confident; and I felt a secret assurance that, through the instrumentality of this man's skill, Heaven's mercy was about to be extended to me, and that blest gift, reason, would be eventually restored. I placed myself, and all upon my establishment, during the approaching period of my mental aberration, under the absolute direction of the stranger.
I was not deceived; and the result proved that I had calculated soundly on the ability and experience of my unknown visitor. Dreading that it might increase my excitement, the Chilleno doctors had inhibited the visits of my child. The Englishman adopted a different course: Isidora was sent for from the convent, and she "ministered to a mind diseased ;" and the soft influence of filial love, like the melody of David's harp, effected a gentle cure, and soothed into tranquillity a spirit for so many years perturbed.
By the stranger's advice, I determined to quit the country, and return to my native land. I disposed of my estates, transmitted my fortune safely to England; and, with a dearer treasure far, my gentle Isidora, sailed for the island-home of freedom, and landed on my native shores, after having been a wanderer and alien for one-andtwenty years.
A long absence had rendered European manners strange; and, for a time, I felt myself unequal to the novel task which a return to England had imposed, that of mingling in society. For two years, Isidora and I wandered through every portion of the British islands, for the Continent was then closed against the traveller. Time, change of scene, and the constant presence of my darling child, effected a mental cure, and verified the assurances given me in South America by my able physician, that my recovery would be permanent. I wished at least to have the semblance of a home, although the very name recalled my past calamities; and, in order that I might fall back, when wearied with the world, on a retirement congenial to my fancy, I purchased that wild retreat in which our first acquaintance was so singularly formed. Thither, I have occasionally retired to enjoy solitude and my child's society. Ours, indeed, seemed stolen visits on the world,—and we both felt that calm pleasure only to be estimated by those who have lived for each other and alone, when, like wild birds to their nest, we sought and found the peaceful seclusion which our mountain home afforded.
Your visit, Hector, rekindled feelings long suppressed, and spurred me to exertions that, probably, under other circumstances, I should have wanted nerve to undertake. Strange as it may appear, for several years I watched your progress into manhood. The first impressions when we met were favourable; and a more extended acquaintance has corroborated them. For your sake, and for Isidora's, I have sacrificed my own yearnings after solitude, and come upon the stage
of life anew. My existence is unknown; my errand unsuspected. Should I succeed in my present objects, a noble inheritance shall be restored to the rightful heir; and should I fail, I have a consolation left, in feeling that I have fortune's gifts at my disposal, and amply sufficient, so far as wealth can confer peace and independence, to ensure both to my children. You mark the term-Can he to whom
Isidora's happiness is to be confided be aught but a son to me?"
The record of an eventful life was ended; and I bound those documents together, the perusal of which had occasioned an intense but painful interest. It was long past midnight. At day-light it was necessary that I should be stirring; and I retired to bed, to snatch a few hours of repose.
I was still asleep when a gentle touch upon the shoulder dispelled my uneasy slumbers, and the faithful follower of my uncle's fortunes told me it was. time to dress, and that the camarados of my intended voyage and campaigns were afoot, and waiting in the court-yard. Indeed, the ratcatcher's presence was intimated already-for in perfect indifference as to what might be the complexion of our future fortune, Shemus Rhua was croning an Irish ditty. I dressed by candlelight, descended to the eating-room, and there found "mine honoured uncle." Alas-Isidora was not there to say farewell. She slept, poor girl, little dreaming that we had already parted; and that many a month and stormy passage in a soldier's life must wear away, before I should be permitted to return and claim her plighted hand.
Hector," said my uncle, with a sigh, as he received the papers he had entrusted to me, and immediately committed them to the fire, 'you are now in full possession of every secret of my life. 'Tis done the disclosure is made-and I have nothing either to communicate or conceal. No more of this; the clock chimes,-and our hour of parting hurries on. I am going to deprive you of a follower, provided you can dispense with the services of Captain Macgreal, and that he is willing to transfer his allegiance to me. Pray step down; and if the ratcatcher has no particular objection, let me have his valuable assistance till you return. Strange fortunes produce strange bedfellows,' a proverb says; and singular positions require as singular agents. Odd as it may appear, in the tangled web I shall have to unravel, I may be beholden for success to that wild woman who seems devoted to your interests, or this wandering personage, who appears equally attached, and willing to follow where you lead."
A brief communication with Shemus Rhua effected my uncle's wish; and the ratcatcher placed his services at the disposal of Mr. Hartley. Sooth to say, the captain's previous experience of a martial life had left no craving in his breast after "the bubble reputation."
Nothing could be more picturesque than the departure of the fleet from Portsmouth; and years afterwards, memory recalled the poet's description, and I could have imagined that Byron had been a fellowpassenger. The morning was brilliant. The signal gun was answered. All were immediately under way.郑州专业领先的人流医院，不当人流有哪些后果 2019-11-15 在后天生活中出于大家对性生活额开放，引致了比超级多的女子出于避孕措施不当而怀胎，而他们又不想要孩子，所以也就诱致了人工新生儿窒息的景色更为的反复。然则好些个人都不... Read More. 健康评测. 180 浏览 .An Eco-house (or eco-home) is an environmentally low-impact home designed and built using materials and technology that reduces its carbon footprint and lowers its energy needs.
- Glass that has two or three layers with a vacuum in between to prevent heat loss;
- Solar panels or wind turbines;
- Geothermal heating and growing plants on the roof to regulate temperature, quieten the house, and to produce oxygen;
- A Vegetable patch outside the house for some food
The concept of an eco-house means a dwelling that has a low impact on the environment.
Buildings use up enormous amounts of energy. Some calculations make it as much as 70% of all the energy that we use in the UK when all the factors are taken into account. This energy is mainly for heating and lighting and therefore the aim is to design houses that are well insulated and make the best use of natural light.
Increasing the amount of insulation is the main component of preventing energy loss. This includes draft exclusion, glazing, wall and roof insulation.
Passive solar gain
In the northern hemisphere, a south facing site will be a much better location than a north facing site because of access to sunlight and protection from the cold northerly wind. An eco-house starts life facing the sun.
Ideally the site for the house should have a south westerly aspect and be protected from the north and east. It’s not always possible to do this but there will usually be an opportunity to take advantage of the passive solar gain by having more glazing on either the front or the back of the building. Planting trees and creating wind breaks on the north and east sides of the site can enhanced the solar gain effect by protecting the house from the cold north easterly winds.
Having faced the house towards the sun, high performance windows are used to draw in as much light and warmth as possible. Sunlight then floods into the house and any heat generated is retained by a highly insulated building shell, draught proof windows and doors and thermal mass within the building.
Active solar gain
Orientation towards the sun also means that active solar systems can be fitted, both solar water heating panels and electricity generating solar panels on the roofs, further adding to the free heat and electricity gained from the sun.
Living in the house also generates heat. Active human beings can produce as much heat as a one bar electric fire. Add to this heat from cooking, washing, lights etc. and you can begin to see how an eco-house could get too hot. Conventionally opening the windows reduces heat, but an eco-house design could include heat recovery ventilation systems.
Heat recovery ventilation
These systems extract the warm, moist air from bathrooms and kitchens and take the heat out of the stale, damp air before venting it outside. The heat recovery system transfers this collected heat to fresh air coming into the building and distributes it to the bedrooms and living rooms. Fresh air, at room temperature. An added benefit is that filters can be fitted on the air intake to provide a barrier to pollen or other irritants.
Living heat loss
With the passive and active solar gains, insulation, draft proofed building shell and heat recovery system, eco-houses could be zero heat, that is, in theory, you shouldn’t need to keep pumping heat into them from a central heating system. In practice life isn’t like that. Kids leave the door open, pets come in and out, people go out all day, cold snaps happen and some people like to sleep with the window open. An eco-house can incorporate design to have heating systems that can react quickly and efficiently to any changes in room temperature as well as providing a heat boost to the water temperature down-stream of the solar panels.
Other benefits of an eco-house, aside from the obvious one of having minimal heating costs, are a healthy living environment. The heat recovery system can eliminate dampness and the moulds that are so often a health hazard. The air intake filters prevent dust coming in with the incoming fresh air and the internal vacuum cleaner system extracts dust from the house and vents it (via the dust collection bag and filter) to the outside, thus no microscopic particles of dust remain in the house.
Load bearing internal walls are minimised to allow rearrangements of the interior spaces, and the build technology is such that local trades can carry out alterations and easy maintenance.
For the health of the householder, and the planet, an eco-house should be built with materials that are free, wherever possible, from toxins or harmful products of the petro-chemical industry.
One of the wider issues of energy efficiency is the embodied energy within the construction materials. (Embodied energy is the energy taken up with producing and transporting the materials used).
Wood is a primary building material for eco-housing. This is because trees grow using energy from the sun, they don’t pollute, they produce oxygen, absorb CO2, they provide a wild life habitat, they can be replanted, they can be sourced locally, the timber can easily be put to some other use after a building is demolished.
Cement is a very useful building material and there are places where we have to be practical and use it. However, one alternative to cement is lime. Lime has been used as a building material for thousands of years and although energy and CO2 are used in its production it gently returns back to limestone in time, taking in CO2 in the process.
There is also the use reclaimed materials, particularly bricks, slates and roof tiles, to make use of the embodied energy within these materials. This can also help new buildings to blend in with their surroundings.
- "What is an eco-house". The Living Village Trust.Ed arrivò il giorno.
Dopo che i 1200 piccoli rossi e luccicanti quadrettini di plastica o cartoncino, accuratamente ritagliati, furono incollati minuziosamente negli appositi spazi, eravamo pronti a partire. Non sapevamo quando e se avremmo fatto ritorno, l’unica cosa certa era che dovevamo partire.
La discesa delle scale fu accompagnata dalle parole di mia sorella, che mi rammentò: “Io ho già vissuto sulla mia pelle il destino che incombe su di te, vai sereno, e torna!”.Share on ThriftyFunThis guide contains the following solutions. Have something to add? Please share your solution!
Hardiness Zone: 8a
Janey from Brookhaven, MS
The best way to rejuvenate any type of old fruit trees is through pruning, increasing soil fertility and controlling diseases and insect damage.
Pruning: First remove any broken and dead or diseased branches and then prune the tree to the proper shape and size. Remove any suckers and crossing branches to create an overall shape that radiates out from the center. This will allow plenty of sunlight and air circulation into the canopy. Pruning should be done in the late winter or early spring. Because no more of 25% to 30% of the total canopy should be removed in one season, if you haven't been pruning regularly, you may need to shape the tree over a period of 2 to 3 years before resuming a lighter annual pruning schedule.
Soil Fertility: Aerating and amending the soil around your tree with organic nutrients is the best way to increase your soil's fertility. Spring is a good time to apply a high-nitrogen fertilizer as well as removing any competing grass and weeds from underneath the tree.
Disease & Insects: Inspect your tree for insect and disease problems. There are several good books and Internet resources dedicated to the identification and control of fruit tree pests and diseases.
Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.
Is it possible for me to re-pot my container pear tree now? It is 2 years old and fruits are just starting to form, small buds.
Late fall or early winter is the best time to do this. However, if you can lift the plant out of it's container and keep all the soil intact and do not disturb the roots at all, you can do it at any time of the year and the plant won't know the difference.
Do webs in pear trees indicate poor health of tree? How do I treat? The tree is at least 50 years old.
By DP Trower
You may have webworms, which are simply the larvae of a moth, spinning their own cocoon to protect themselves as they eat and grow. Eventually, they will all take flight and your tree will not be worse for the wear (relatively, they will eat a few leaves before they are done growing).
I planted an Acres Home pear tree. It has leafed out, but the top of the limbs are beginning to die. I had trimmed it back when I planted it. The rest of the tree looks to be healthy.
By Sandra S.
You don't say where you are located. You may want to make sure that there are no gophers nibbling on the roots. This can definitely affect the health of the tree.
I have pear trees that
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, they’re allowed to say, “We want you to be our leader” or “We want you to be our leader.” That’s because it’s a democracy and not a totalitarian state. That’s called an election. But once they’ve lent their weight to one or another member of the specialized class they’re supposed to sink back and become spectators of action, but not participants. That’s in a properly functioning democracy.
And there’s a logic behind it. There’s even a kind of compelling moral principle behind it. The compelling moral principle is that the mass of the public are just too stupid to be able to understand things. If they try to participate in managing their own affairs, they’re just going to cause trouble. Therefore, it would be immoral and improper to permit them to do this. We have to tame the bewildered herd, not allow the bewildered herd to rage and trample and destroy things. It’s pretty much the same logic that says that it would be improper to let a three-year-old run across the street. You don’t give a three-year-old that kind of freedom because the three-year-old doesn’t know how to handle that freedom. Correspondingly, you don’t allow the bewildered herd to become participants in action. They’ll just cause trouble.
So we need something to tame the bewildered herd, and that something is this new revolution in the art of democracy: the manufacture of consent. The media, the schools, and popular culture have to be divided. For the political class and the decision makers they have to provide them some tolerable sense of reality, although they also have to instill the proper beliefs. Just remember, there is an unstated premise here. The unstated premise-and even the responsible men have to disguise this from themselves-has to do with the question of how they get into the position where they have the authority to make decisions. The way they do that, of course, is by serving people with real power. The people with real power are the ones who own the society, which is a pretty narrow group. If the specialized class can come along and say, I can serve your interests, then they’ll be part of the executive group. You’ve got to keep that quiet. That means they have to have instilled in them the beliefs and doctrines that will serve the interests of private power. Unless they can master that skill, they’re not part of the specialized class. So we have one kind of educational system directed to the responsible men, the specialized class. They have to be deeply indoctrinated in the values and interests of private power and the state-corporate nexus that represents it. If they can achieve that, then they can be part of the specialized class. The rest of the bewildered herd basically just have to be distracted. Turn their attention to something else. Keep them out of trouble. Make sure that they remain at most spectators of action, occasionally lending their weight to one or another of the real leaders, who they may select among.
This point of view has been developed by lots of other people. In fact, it’s pretty conventional. For example, the leading theologian and foreign policy critic Reinhold Niebuhr, sometimes called “the theologian of the establishment,” the guru of George Kennan and the Kennedy intellectuals, put it that rationality is a very narrowly restricted skill. Only a small number of people have it. Most people are guided by just emotion and impulse. Those of us who have rationality have to create “necessary illusions” and emotionally potent “oversimplifications” to keep the naive simpletons more or less on course. This became a substantial part of contemporary political science. In the 1920s and early 1930s, Harold Lasswell, the founder of the modern field of communications and one of the leading American political scientists, explained that we should not succumb to “democratic dogmatisms about men being the best judges of their own interests.” Because they’re not. We’re the best judges of the public interests. Therefore, just out of ordinary morality, we have to make sure that they don’t have an opportunity to act on the basis of their misjudgments. In what is nowadays called a totalitarian state, or a military state, it’s easy. You just hold a bludgeon over their heads, and if they get out of line you smash them over the head. But as society has become more free and democratic, you lose that capacity. Therefore you have to turn to the techniques of propaganda. The logic is clear. Propaganda is to a democracy what the bludgeon is to a totalitarian state. That’s wise and good because, again, the common interests elude the bewildered herd. They can’t figure them out.
The United States pioneered the public relations industry. Its commitment was “to control the public mind,” as its leaders put it. They learned a lot from the successes of the Creel Commission and the successes in creating the Red Scare and its aftermath. The public relations industry underwent a huge expansion at that time. It succeeded for some time in creating almost total subordination of the public to business rule through the 1920s. This was so extreme that Congressional committees began to investigate it as we moved into the 1930s. That’s where a lot of our information about it comes from.
Public relations is a huge industry. They’re spending by now something on the order of a billion dollars a year. All along its commitment was to controlling the public mind. In the 1930s, big problems arose again, as they had during the First World War. There was a huge depression and substantial labor organizing. In fact, in 1935 labor won its first major legislative victory, namely, the right to organize, with the Wagner Act. That raised two serious problems. For one thing, democracy was misfunctioning. The bewildered herd was actually winning legislative victories, and it’s not supposed to work that way. The other problem was that it was becoming possible for people to organize. People have to be atomized and segregated and alone. They’re not supposed to organize, because then they might be something beyond spectators of action. They might actually be participants if many people with limited resources could get together to enter the political arena. That’s really threatening. A major response was taken on the part of business to ensure that this would be the last legislative victory for labor and that it would be the beginning of the end of this democratic deviation of popular organization. It worked. That was the last legislative victory for labor. From that point on-although the number of people in the unions increased for a while during the World War II, after which it started dropping-the capacity to act through the unions began to steadily drop. It wasn’t by accident. We’re now talking about the business community, which spends lots and lots of money, attention, and thought into how to deal with these problems through the public relations industry and other organizations, like the National Association of Manufacturers and the Business Roundtable, and so on. They immediately set to work to try to find a way to counter these democratic deviations.
The first trial was one year later, in 1937. There was a major strike, the Steel strike in western Pennsylvania at Johnstown. Business tried out a new technique of labor destruction, which worked very well. Not through goon squads and breaking knees. That wasn’t working very well any more, but through the more subtle and effective means of propaganda. The idea was to figure out ways to turn the public against the strikers, to present the strikers as disruptive, harmful to the public and against the common interests. The common interests are those of “us,” the businessman, the worker, the housewife. That’s all “us.” We want to be together and have things like harmony and Americanism and working together. Then there’s those bad strikers out there who are disruptive and causing trouble and breaking harmony and violating Americanism. We’ve got to stop them so we can all live together. The corporate executive and the guy who cleans the floors all have the same interests. We can all work together and work for Americanism in harmony, liking each other. That was essentially the message. A huge amount of effort was put into presenting it. This is, after all, the business community, so they control the media and have massive resources. And it worked, very effectively. It was later called the “Mohawk Valley formula” and applied over and over again to break strikes. They were called “scientific methods of strike-breaking,” and worked very effectively by mobilizing community opinion in favor of vapid, empty concepts like Americanism. Who can be against that? Or harmony. Who can be against that? Or, as in the Persian Gulf War, “Support our troops.” Who can be against that? Or yellow ribbons. Who can be against that? Anything that’s totally vacuous.
In fact, what does it mean if somebody asks you, Do you support the people in Iowa? Can you say, Yes, I support them, or No, I don’t support them? It’s not even a question. It doesn’t mean anything.
That’s the point. The point of public relations slogans like “Support our troops” is that they don’t mean anything. They mean as much as whether you support the people in Iowa. Of course, there was an issue. The issue was, Do you support our policy? But you don’t want people to think about that issue. That’s the whole point of good propaganda. You want to create a slogan that nobody’s going to be against, and everybody’s going to be for. Nobody knows what it means, because it doesn’t mean anything. Its crucial value is that it diverts your attention from a question that does mean something: Do you support our policy? That’s the one you’re not allowed to talk about. So you have people arguing about support for the troops? “Of course I don’t not support them. ” Then you’ve won. That’s like Americanism and harmony. We’re all together, empty slogans, let’s join in, let’s make sure we don’t have these bad people around to disrupt our harmony with their talk about class struggle, rights and that sort of business.
That’s all very effective. It runs right up to today. And of course it is carefully thought out. The people in the public relations industry aren’t there for the fun of it. They’re doing work. They’re trying to instill the right values. In fact, they have a conception of what democracy ought to be: It ought to be a system in which the specialized class is trained to work in the service of the masters, the people who own the society. The rest of the population ought to be deprived of any form of organization, because organization just causes trouble. They ought to be sitting alone in front of the TV and having drilled into their heads the message, which says, the only value in life is to have more commodities or live like that rich middle class family you’re watching and to have nice values like harmony and Americanism. That’s all there is in life. You may think in your own head that there’s got to be something more in life than this, but since you’re watching the tube alone you assume, I must be crazy, because that’s all that’s going on over there. And since there is no organization permitted- that’s absolutely crucial-you never have a way of finding out whether you are crazy, and you just assume it, because it’s the natural thing to assume.
So that’s the ideal. Great efforts are made in trying to achieve that ideal. Obviously, there is a certain conception behind it. The conception of democracy is the one that I mentioned. The bewildered herd is a problem. We’ve got to prevent their roar and trampling. We’ve got to distract them. They should be watching the Superbowl or sitcoms or violent movies. Every once in a while you call on them to chant meaningless slogans like “Support our troops.” You’ve got to keep them pretty scared, because unless they’re properly scared and frightened of all kinds of devils that are going to destroy them from outside or inside or somewhere, they may start to think, which is very dangerous, because they’re not competent to think. Therefore it’s important to distract them and marginalize them.
That’s one conception of democracy. In fact, going back to the business community, the last legal victory for labor really was 1935, the Wagner Act. After the war came, the unions declined as did a very rich working class culture that was associated with the unions. That was destroyed. We moved to a business-run society at a remarkable level. This is the only state-capitalist industrial society which doesn’t have even the normal social contract that you find in comparable societies. Outside of South Africa, I guess, this is the only industrial society that doesn’t have national health care. There’s no general commitment to even minimal standards of survival for the parts of the population who can’t follow those rules and gain things for themselves individually. Unions are virtually nonexistent. Other forms of popular structure are virtually nonexistent. There are no political parties or organizations. It’s a long way toward the ideal, at least structurally. The media are a corporate monopoly. They have the same point of view. The two parties are two factions of the business party. Most of the population doesn’t even bother voting because it looks meaningless. They’re marginalized and properly distracted. At least that’s the goal. The leading figure in the public relations industry, Edward Bernays, actually came out of the Creel Commission. He was part of it, learned his lessons there and went on to develop what he called the “engineering of consent,” which he described as “the essence of democracy. ” The people who are able to engineer consent are the ones who have the resources and the power to do it-the business community-and that’s who you work for.
It is also necessary to whip up the population in support of foreign adventures. Usually the population is pacifist, just like they were during the First World War. The public sees no reason to get involved in foreign adventures, killing, and torture. So you have to whip them up. And to whip them up you have to frighten them. Bernays himself had an important achievement in this respect. He was the person who ran the public relations campaign for the United Fruit Company in 1954, when the United States moved in to overthrow the capitalist-democratic government of Guatemala and installed a murderous death-squad society, which remains that way to the present day with constant infusions of U.S. aid to prevent in more than empty form democratic deviations. It’s necessary to constantly ram through domestic programs which the public is opposed to, because there is no reason for the public to be in favor of domestic programs that are harmful to them. This, too, takes extensive propaganda. We’ve seen a lot of this in the last ten years. The Reagan programs were overwhelmingly unpopular. Voters in the 1984 “Reagan landslide,” by about three to two, hoped that his policies would not be enacted. If you take particular programs, like armaments, cutting back on social spending, etc., almost every one of them was overwhelmingly opposed by the public. But as long as people are marginalized and distracted and have no way to organize or articulate their sentiments, or even know that others have these sentiments, people who said that they prefer social spending to military spending, who gave that answer on polls, as people overwhelmingly did, assumed that they were the only people with that crazy idea in their heads. They never heard it from anywhere else. Nobody’s supposed to think that. Therefore, if you do think it and you answer it in a poll, you just assume that you’re sort of weird. Since there’s no way to get together with other people who share or reinforce that view and help you articulate it, you feel like an oddity, an oddball. So you just stay on the side and you don’t pay any attention to what’s going on. You look at something else, like the Superbowl.
To a certain extent, then, that ideal was achieved, but never completely. There are institutions which it has as yet been impossible to destroy. The churches, for example, still exist. A large part of the dissident activity in the United States comes out of the churches, for the simple reason that they’re there. So when you go to a European country and give a political talk, it may very likely be in the union hall. Here that won’t happen, because unions first of all barely exist, and if they do exist they’re not political organizations. But the churches do exist, and therefore you often give a talk in a church. Central American solidarity work mostly grew out of the churches, mainly because they exist.
The bewildered herd never gets properly tamed, so this is a constant battle. In the 1930s they arose again and were put down. In the 1960s there was another wave of dissidence. There was a name for that. It was called by the specialized class “the crisis of democracy. ” Democracy was regarded as entering into a crisis in the 1960s. The crisis was that large segments of the population were becoming organized and active and trying to participate in the political arena. Here we come back to these two conceptions of democracy. By the dictionary definition, that’s an advance in democracy. By the prevailing conception that’s a problem, a crisis that has to be overcome. The population has to be driven back to the apathy, obedience and passivity that is their proper state. We therefore have to do something to overcome the crisis. Efforts were made to achieve that. It hasn’t worked. The crisis of democracy is still alive and well, fortunately, but not very effective in changing policy. But it is effective in changing opinion, contrary to what a lot of people believe. Great efforts were made after the 1960s to try to reverse and overcome this malady. One aspect of the malady actually got a technical name. It was called the “Vietnam Syndrome.” The Vietnam Syndrome, a term that began to come up around 1970, has actually been defined on occasion. The Reaganite intellectual Norman Podhoretz defined it as “the sickly inhibitions against the use of military force. ” There were these sickly inhibitions against violence on the part of a large part of the public. People just didn’t understand why we should go around torturing people and killing people and carpet bombing them. It’s very dangerous for a population to be overcome by these sickly inhibitions, as Goebbels understood, because then there’s a limit on foreign adventures. It’s necessary, as the Washington Post put it rather proudly during the Gulf War hysteria, to instill in people respect for “martial value.” That’s important. If you want to have a violent society that uses force around the world to achieve the ends of its own domestic elite, it’s necessary to have a proper appreciation of the martial virtues and none of these sickly inhibitions about using violence. So that’s the Vietnam Syndrome. It’s necessary to overcome that one.
REPRESENTATION AS REALITY
It’s also necessary to completely falsify history. That’s another way to overcome these sickly inhibitions, to make it look as if when we attack and destroy somebody we’re really protecting and defending ourselves against major aggressors and monsters and so on. There has been a huge effort since the Vietnam war to reconstruct the history of that. Too many people began to understand what
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, an Egyptian goddess, healed the sick. Poseidon, the Greek god of the sea, walked on water, as did Horus, an Egyptian deity. Dionysus, the Greek god of the grape harvest, turned water into wine. Aesclepius, the Greek god of medicine and healing, raised the dead. Buddha fed five hundred men with one loaf of bread, cured lepers, and helped the blind to see. Most of Jesus’ miracles were rather “old hat” by the time the Gospel authors wrote about them. It could be claimed it was just coincidence that Jesus shared similar miracles with these others, but what is more likely is that the Gospel’s authors mimicked these other Gods to raise Jesus’ status.
The Old Testament books contained stories of hundreds of miracles. Jesus, portrayed as the next prophet of Israel, was made to work miracles, just like Moses, Elijah and others.
If Jesus was really God, surely he should have pulled off some pioneering pranks by doing something new – maybe conducted a concerto, turned on a television with a remote control, or water – skied on the Sea of Galilee. If Jesus had cured the world of smallpox, leprosy, or cancer, he would have made a very convincing case for his divinity. Modern readers are left disappointed, as Jesus only repeated what could rightly be considered as run of the mill stunts, and there were no lasting benefits from his performances.
The Gospels relate tales of cures, exorcisms, and risings from the dead. Those with paraplegia, leprosy, insanity, cerebral palsy, blindness, or had just given up breathing, were fixed in a flash. If Jesus had done all this, the Jewish social security system would have saved a stack of shekels, and Jesus would have been seriously popular. Consider how today’s faith healers can attract crowds of thousands with only the hope of heaven’s help, whereas Jesus, if the stories are true, did much better than them – Jesus supposedly repeatedly wowed many different audiences with numerous party tricks.
If Jesus really did miracles, news of him would have spread like wildfire. There would have been no doubt he was divine, someone special, much more than just a preacher pushing parables. Everyone would have held Jesus in high esteem, and there would have been no squabbles with Romans, Sadducees, or Pharisees. Jesus would not have been crucified as a zealot.
The fact Jesus was executed means he was a trouble causer, not a superstar, so he did not do miracles.
Paul, who probably met the original disciples over a decade after Jesus died, did not document that Christ performed a single miracle. Paul’s writings predated the Gospels, so Paul had no idea Jesus was a wonder worker.
A scrutiny of all the other first-century epistles in the Bible – James, Jude, 1 and 2 Peter, and 1, 2, and 3 John – reveals no mention of miracles. Believers who had not read the Gospels wrote these epistles. The only place miracles are mentioned is in the Gospels, and they copied each other’s miracle stories.
In the first four centuries CE, miracle stories gave Jesus an immediate status, although that relied on one essential factor – the credulity of the believer.Çarpıcı Özel uygulama star, SHAPE dergisinin Mart sayısında özel bir röportaj ve herkesin konuştuğu vücut gösteren fotoğraflar ile yakınlaşıyor. Walsh, “Çok korkmuştum, ama özellikle SHAPE ile gerçekten çıplak bir kapak yapmak istedim, çünkü dergi kendinizi içeride ve dışarıda sevmekle ilgili” diyor.
Bu sayıdaki 44 yaşındaki oyuncu, doğal saç rengi, plastik cerrahi hakkındaki düşünceleri ve ne tür bir insanın onu gerçekten açtığı da dahil olmak üzere kendisi hakkında kişisel ayrıntıları paylaşıyor. Tüm bu detayları ve daha fazlasını öğrenmek için, 27 Şubat Pazartesi günü ülke çapında satışa sunulan SHAPE'ın Mart sayısına bakın.
Sözü KAZAN! Dergiye ücretsiz bir yıl aboneliği kazanmak için bu hikayeyi Pinterest'te paylaşın ve @Shape_Magazine etiketini yayınlayın. Bizi pininizde etiketlemek için bizi pinterest.com/shapemagazine adresinden takip edin. Günde bir kazanan 3/2, 3/9 ve 3/16'da rastgele seçilecektir.
- Shape Editors adlı geliştiricidenDuplice omicidio di Natale all'interno dell'Angelica Vip Club: Gabriela Altamirano e Luca Manici, detto Kelly, furono massacrate all'interno del casolare di San Prospero. La Pm Emanuela Podda, che ha portato avanti l'inchiesta della Procura di Parma, ha chiesto il rinvio a giudizio di Alessio Turco per il concorso nell'omicidio della Kelly sia per quello di Gabriela, ex compagna del padre Samuele Turco. Secondo la ricostruzione degli inquirenti infatti il figlio 21enne di Sanuele, che si è sucidato in carcere, sarebbe stato il primo a colpire con una coltellata la Kelly e poi si sarebbe accanito sul corpo di Gabriela Altamirano, dopo che era stata completamente stordita con un cocktail di sonniferi e ansiolitici. Secondo l'accusa le aggravanti sarebbero la premeditazione, la crudeltà, l'uso di mezzo insidioso e la minorata difesa. Se le accuse fossero confermate la condanna per Alessio potrebbe essere l'ergastolo. Anche nelle fasi precedenti al duplice omicidio, secondo la Procura, il figlio Alessio sarebbe stato protagonista: avrebbe telefonato alla Kelly, fingendosi un cliente, per fissare un appuntamento ed avrebbe anche chiamato un vicino allo scopo di farsi prestare un'auto, quella Volvo V40 che verrà utilizzata per recarsi sul posto e poi compiere l'omicidio. Una volta giunti sul posto sarebbe stato Alessio a sferrare la prima coltellata alle spalle alla Kelly, il padre Samuele si sarebbe aggiunto dopo e l'avrebbe colpita sul lato sinistro con un oggetto contundente.Research papers are a ubiquitous requirement in academia, serving as the foundation for many assignments, papers, and publications. However, in order to meet academic standards, research papers must adhere to specific formatting guidelines that can be confusing and time-consuming. Understanding research paper formats and how to properly structure your paper is crucial to success in academic writing.
A research paper format is a set of guidelines that specify the structure and formatting requirements for a research paper. This includes elements such as the title page, page margins, font size and style, headings and subheadings, in-text citations, and the works cited page. Different disciplines often require specific formatting styles, such as MLA paper format or APA, and it is important to consult the appropriate style guide when formatting your paper.
Choosing the appropriate research paper format can be a challenging task, but here are some tips to help you make the right choice:
Your instructor or supervisor may have specific requirements or preferences for the formatting style to be used in your research paper.
Different fields may have different formatting requirements. For example, APA style paper is commonly used in social sciences while MLA style is used in humanities.
The type of research paper you are writing may also affect the formatting style you choose. For instance, a literature review may require a different format compared to an empirical research paper.
It’s important to choose a formatting style that is appropriate for your target audience. If your research paper is intended for a particular journal, for instance, you should choose a formatting style that is preferred by that journal.
You may want to choose a formatting style for which you can easily access resources such as citation generators, style guides, and other support materials.
MLA is commonly used in the humanities, while APA is commonly used in the social sciences.
In-text citations will depend on your chosen formatting style, but in general, you should include the author’s last name and the page number of the source in parentheses after the quoted or paraphrased material.
On the works cited page, you should include all sources that you referenced in your paper, organized alphabetically by author’s last name.
In conclusion, properly formatting your research paper is essential to ensure it meets academic standards and is easy for your audience to read and understand. By following the appropriate formatting guidelines and consulting the relevant style guide, you can create a polished and professional research paper that effectively communicates your ideas and research findings.A Custom Research Essay: United States Progressivism and World War One
Published under category: Academic Paper Writing | 2015-06-03 05:57:27 UTC
Context: Sociology and Anthropology
The Bosses of the Senate: A picture depicting corporate greed in the progressive era.
Custom writing essays on the progressive era are often required by instructors and professors in sociology and history. Reliable custom writing websites are there to help you with these assignments.
Progressivism movement in the US flourished between the depression of 1893 and towards the entry into World War I, as Americans grappled to come to terms with profound social and political issues, dislocations that were fashioned by massive industrialization, rapid urban growth, as well as the rise of corporations. A multifaceted, sometimes incongruous fusion of social criticism, popular protest, economic regulation, political restructuring, and social welfare legislation of progressive reforms embodied a vast array of responses to the changes that were taking place in American society. Whereas progressivism in a good measure voiced widespread popular outcry of social and political tensions in the US at the time, World War I exposed and in fact proved that there were indeed issues of race, class/labor conflicts, and debates about capitalism, progressivity, and patriotism that had taken root.
Progressivism movement indeed endeavored significantly to voice the social issues that the American society was facing at the time. Many people protested against the new corporate order that saw a widening gap between the bourgeoisie and the petty bourgeoisie. People joined local traction companies and utility magnates to protest against rising corruption. Progressivism was at the center of these movements with intent to expose the poor working conditions, issues of child welfare, women inequalities, as well as social amenities. The petty bourgeoisie wanted to access clean water, adequate sanitation, recreation centers, parts, playgrounds, pure food, and improved housing and schools. Notably too, in the progressive era, women’s domestic experience that was shaped by realities of middle class domesticity served as a justification for entry into social and political reform.Disparities in gender for example, ignited gender consciousness and progressive women’s thinking about matters affecting them, shaping their conception of reform.
A Cartoon Depicting Official program of Woman suffrage procession.
Further, in the late 18th century, America’s enduring tensions on race that had emerged in the colonial period became institutionalized. Development and industrialization were marked by regionalism. Black discrimination had normalized and fussed in the industrial expansion agenda. Racial attitudes were strong than ever and even scientific racism had emerged. For example, American scholars, physicians, biologists, and politicians attempted to systematize outlooks that supported genetic inferiority of people of color. People of color were discriminated in terms of education, work, and places of living. For example, black children were not allowed to attend white schools. Equally, people of color were given manual jobs with poor pay. Moreover, anti-catholic and anti-immigrant issues grew steadily throughout the period. For instance, there were efforts to prohibit the sale of alcohol, restrict the flow of immigrants, and to Americanize newcomers that later fueled anxiety in ethnic America. These racial, class, and labor issues were central to the progressive exposition agenda.
World War I also contributed in the exposition of social and political tensions in the United States. American politics during World War I were obscured by more compelling internal as well as international concerns. For instance, capitalism is believed to be the origin of World War I and the imperial rivalries of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The struggle between capitalist groups for control of the world’s resources intensified after the economic depression of the 1870s. The establishment of monopolies had corrupted the free competition, which was the essence of capitalism, and actually, imperialism was the monopoly stage of capitalism. Consequently, capitalists that were dominating the great powers partitioned the world, and as such became the root of war. In my opinion, expansionist capitalism was incompatible with peace by 1914 and political rivalries between powers gave rise to militarism and tensions generated by popular nationalist movements. Secret diplomacy and alliances were eschewed and merely instigators of the war.
The late 19th century (1880-1900) and early 20th century (1900-130) is an important epoch in the history of United States, perhaps because it helped shape the social and political bearing at the time. Notably, racial, class, and labor conflicts that had piled up exacerbated social tensions. By 1917, social and political tensions arising from the onset of World War I were exposed. Equally, progressivism had proved an effective tool for agitating structural reforms and shaping popular perceptions. Therefore, progressivism and World War I indeed exposed the social and political tensions in the United States that had taken root.ORDER PLAGIARISM FREE PAPER Post a comment这位历史上最懒的皇帝30年来没有上朝，直到郭沫若打开棺材，真相才被揭露出
从秦始皇到溥仪，中国封建社会有400多位皇帝，而皇帝作为一个国家的国王，往往肩负着国家兴衰的重任。
对于明朝垮台的原因，虽然有不同的意见，但也有一些人会提到，万历皇帝、万历皇帝是颇有争议的，有人说他是历史上最懒惰的皇帝，因为万里在位几乎没有去过朝鲜，但万里是明代最长的皇帝。
事实上，当他第一次参加他的工作时，万历皇帝仍然很有动力。在张居正的帮助下，他不辞劳苦，是一位勤劳善良的皇帝。新生的小牛不怕老虎，当时万历皇帝的精神也很高。面对这么多棘手的事情，他正面临着困难。举个例子，一年的干旱，老百姓期待着雨的到来，都期待着红眼，为了帮助人们求雨，皇帝毫不犹豫地走了20英里，完成了祈雨仪式。为什么这么勤劳爱人民的皇帝近三十年不上朝鲜去了？
关于这件事，史书上的记载是：万历皇帝因身体不好而不能参加各种活动。但对于这一说法，大臣们并不相信，大臣们对此非常反感，因为他们觉得万里只是在找借口，逃避责任，而走得艰难，面对膨胀，这是因为你长期沉溺于酒色，因为你在要求它，怪不得其他人。
万里向他们解释得越多，他们就越不相信，很长一段时间里，万里和大臣之间的矛盾就变得不可调和了。一些宫廷里的人为了出名而骂万里，后来万里就不再跟他们争论什么事了，万里真的身体不好，不去朝鲜了吗？
要知道原因，我们必须从郭沫若1958年对定陵的发掘开始。
专家们打开万里棺材后，发现了一种奇怪的现象，就是万里右腿蜷缩起来，很疼的样子，经过技术模拟恢复后，发现右腿比左腿短，这些情况证明万里患了严重的足部疾病。此外，现代医学研究还发现万历皇帝患有严重的肌肉痉挛。不难想象原来的万历皇帝有多痛苦，他承受不懂的痛苦有多痛苦。
在官员和大臣的误解中，虽然万历皇帝没有上朝，但这并不意味着他没有统治朝鲜。明朝内阁的存在使皇帝能够直接控制朝鲜局势，通过内阁处理政治事务。万里时期，社会没有大的动荡，可见万历虽未上朝，但万历仍有非凡的治国之道，其管理技巧和技巧实在令人钦佩。
一个国家的君主，95的崇敬，虽然高高在上，却受到世界人民的尊敬，但也极其孤独，真的有几个人！Questo governo lancia molte proposte, diciamo così, surreali. Questa però la sposo: rendere testo scolastico il cd delle letture di Carmelo Bene dei canti della Divina Commedia.
''Al ministro dell'Istruzione Mariastella Gelmini consiglierei di far diventare testo scolastico il meraviglioso cd in cui il grande attore Carmelo Bene recita alcuni canti della Divina Commedia: una lezione altissima''. Lo ha detto Paolo Bonaiuti, sottosegretario alla Presidenza del Consiglio stamane su Radio 24, uno che di solito non brilla per dichiarazioni memorabili.
Ma stavolta dico: magari lo ascoltassero.
Carmelo Bene era un genio dell'espressione, la sua voce amplificava emozioni e le sue letture sui versi di Dante sono di una tale potenza che anche lo studente più svagato e indifferente ne verrebbe scosso.
Carmelo Bene legge il finale del XXVI Canto dell'Inferno di Dante
Carmelo Bene legge il canto XXXIII dell'Inferno di Dante
Carmelo Bene che legge il XXVI Canto dell'Inferno di Dante
Carmelo Bene nella "Lectura dantis" dalla Torre degli Asinelli nel rimo anniversario della strage alla stazione di Bologna del 1980.
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, it achieved undeniable results. During the 1970s and ’80s, the achievement gap between black and white 13-year-olds was cut roughly in half nationwide. Some scholars argue that desegregation had a negligible effect on overall academic achievement. But the overwhelming body of research shows that once black children were given access to advanced courses, well-trained teachers, and all the other resources that tend to follow white, middle-income children, they began to catch up.In that paragraph, Hannah-Jones says the desegregation of the post-Brown years produced “undeniable results.” In her next breath, she seems to say that some scholars deny that claim.
Correctly, Hannah-Jones notes the large reduction in the achievement gaps between 13-year-old black and white students which occurred on a nationwide basis in 1970s and 1980s. In this, she refers to data from the NAEP’s “Long-Term Trend” study, which dates to 1971.
Among 9-year-olds, the reduction in the gaps was smaller during this period. But black students of all tested ages showed large score gains during this period.
Did those score gains result from the desegregation which followed the Brown decision? Were the gains concentrated among black students who no longer attended all-black schools?
Hannah-Jones doesn’t address such questions, and she fails to note an important fact—black students have continued to record impressive score gains on the NAEP in recent decades, during the period she describes as “resegregation” (see Alabama data below). The score gains were large in those earlier decades—but the gains continue.
Continuing directly, Hannah-Jones describes the findings of a single recent study. For the record, this study seems to have appeared in 2011, according to Hannah-Jones’ link:
HANNAH-JONES (continuing directly): A 2014 study conducted by Rucker Johnson, a public-policy professor at the University of California at Berkeley, published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, found desegregation’s impact on racial equality to be deep, wide, and long-lasting. Johnson examined data on a representative sample of 8,258 American adults born between 1945 and 1968, whom he followed through 2011. He found that black Americans who attended schools integrated by court order were more likely to graduate, go on to college, and earn a degree than black Americans who attended segregated schools. They made more money: five years of integrated schooling increased the earnings of black adults by 15 percent. They were significantly less likely to spend time in jail. They were healthier.Johnson’s study may be very solid. But it focuses on the literal desegregation which occurred in southeastern states in the years after Brown. As such, it relies on specific factors which may not be relevant to any possible “desegregation” today.
Notably, Rucker also found that black progress did not come at the expense of white Americans—white students in integrated schools did just as well academically as those in segregated schools.
(Example: Johnson stresses the role of increased per-pupil spending on black kids who moved into integrated schools in the South in the post-Brown days. Presumably, there would be no similar effect today. Hannah-Jones never says or suggests that Tuscaloosa spends less per pupil on its black students.)
Would increased “integration” in Tuscaloosa affect those punishing gaps? Here we return to our basic problem: Given its student demographics, Tuscaloosa simply can’t provide much “integration” to its black students.
As Hannah-Jones notes, the policies she describes as “resegregation” were put into place by white and black leaders in an attempt to keep Tuscaloosa’s schools from becoming entirely black. But the city’s schools are eighty percent black. The city can’t move its many D'Leisha Dents into middle-class, majority-white schools, as happened to many black kids in the post-Brown days.
Hannah-Jones offers one last account of the way integration can fight the gaps. It comes very late in her piece:
HANNAH-JONES: When school officials make decisions that funnel poor children of color into their own schools, they promise to make those separate schools equal. But that promise is as false today as it was in 1954...Tomorrow, we’ll look at Hannah-Jones’ extremely fuzzy ideas about what makes schools “equal.” For today, let’s consider this last hopeful image she crafts:
High-poverty, segregated black and Latino schools account for the majority of the roughly 1,400 high schools nationwide labeled “dropout factories”—meaning fewer than 60 percent of the students graduate. School officials often blame poor performance on the poverty these kids grow up in. But most studies conclude that it’s the concentration of poor students in the same school that hurts them the most. Low-income students placed in middle-income schools show marked academic progress.
When low-income students are placed in middle-income schools, do they show “marked academic progress?” It’s possible! But this is a fuzzy and fleeting claim, despite the enormous length of Hannah-Jones’ report.
Even if we picture such outcomes, the basic problem remains unchanged. In Tuscaloosa, as in many districts which are much larger, demographics make it very hard for school officials to place “low-income (minority) students” into “middle-income schools.” And, as Hannah-Jones reports, Tuscaloosa leaders feared that such attempts would only extend the ongoing white flight—would drive away the district’s remaining white and middle-income students.
(Has black middle-class flight has been a factor here too? Hannah-Jones never addresses this phenomenon, which is well-known elsewhere.)
Dreaming the impossible dream, Hannah-Jones imagines a world in which Dent, a superb young person, is placed in majority white, middle-income schools. But in the city of Tuscaloosa, that dream can’t be accomplished on a widespread basis. And it certainly can’t be accomplished on a widespread basis in our larger school districts.
Dreaming is fun, but the gaps remain—and the gaps are large.
We have no doubt that Hannah-Jones is a very fine person. But in our view, she largely finesses and disdains the gaps she at Central High.
However we plan to address those gaps, it can’t be done in the dreamy way she imagines. Given its basic demographics, Tuscaloosa can’t provide the type of “integration” Hannah-Jones seems to imagine.
We liberals! It’s fun for us to shake our fists and denounce “apartheid schools.” It makes us feel like we’re on the front lines, just like in the civil rights days!
But when it comes to public schools, the demographics were different back then. The challenges we face today are quite different too.
Our all-black, all-minority schools are going to open next September. They will be full of great kids—and the gaps will be there, waiting to be addressed.
Hannah-Jones has one idea what to do with respect to the gaps—and it can’t be done!
Why did Dent and her Central High classmates seem to fall so far behind? What can we do for young kids like Dent moving forward?
Can we help them before they're 3? What should happen in kindergarten?
We’d like to see such questions addressed. But it seems to us that Hannah-Jones writes from within a throwback culture.
For many of us liberal adults, it feels good to talk like it’s 1965. To thunder about “apartheid schools.” To insist on a dreamy solution which basically can’t be accomplished.
For many of us liberal adults, it’s fun to talk like it’s still 65. But for Tuscaloosa’s beautiful kids, we’re sorry to tell you—it isn’t.
Tomorrow: What constitutes a “good school?”
One of Alabama’s gaps: Below, you see the change in one of Alabama’s gaps in this age of “resegregation.” Black kids are scoring better in math, and are reducing that gap:
Average NAEP scores, Grade 8 math, AlabamaAlabama's black kids have been scoring higher in Grade 8 math. In the process, they’ve been reducing that gap.
White kids, black kids (the gap)
2013: 279.57, 250.16 (29.41)
2011: 280.13, 249.82 (30.31)
2009: 280.31, 248.01 (32.30)
2007: 278.20, 245.78 (32.42)
2005: 275.57, 239.97 (35.60)
2003: 274.70, 240.27 (34.43)
2000: 275.32, 239.89 (35.43)به گزارش شبکه اطلاع رسانی راه دانا؛ به نقل از دیار آفتاب؛ طی هفته های اخیر با وجود مطرح شدن نام های مختلف برای نشستن بر روی نیمکت آلومینیوم اراک پس از جدایی رسول خطیبی در نهایت شب گذشته علیرضا منصوریان بازیکن اسبق تیم ملی و استقلال، با عقد قراردادی سکان هدایت تیم آلومینیوم سازان را برعهده گرفت.
علیرضا منصوریان سابقه هدایت تیم های استقلال، پاس همدان، ذوب آهن، نفت تهران و تیم امید ایران را دارد و در ابتدای فصل نیز سرمربی تیم تراکتور شد اما پس از پنج هفته به علت اختلاف با مالک این باشگاه از سمت خود کنار رفت. او با نفت تهران تا یک چهارم نهایی لیگ قهرمانان آسیا نیز پیش رفت و همچنین با ذوب آهن از مرحله گروهی بالا رفت، وی همچنین به عنوان سرمربی استقلال این تیم را به عنوان نایب قهرمانی رسانده است.
همانطور که گفته شد منصوریان به ترتیب سابقه مربی گری در تیم های ایران، زیر ۲۳ ایران، زیر ۲۲ سال ایران، نفت تهران، استقلال، ذوب آهن و تراکتور را دارد که در مجموع ۲۰۷ بازی که بعنوان سرمربی روی نیمکت تیمش نشسته صاحب ۹۸ برد، ۵۶ تساوی و ۵۳ شکست شده است و در ۴۷.۳۴ درصد مسابقات تیم های تحت هدایتش برنده از زمین خارج شده اند.
مراسم معارفه علیرضا منصوریان امروز چهارشنبه ۲۰ اسفند در ورزشگاه امام خمینی (ره) اراک برگزار خواهد شد، علی دهقان و محمد خرمگاه که سابقه همکاری با منصوریان را در تیم های مختلف دارند نیز دستیاران وی در تیم آلومینیوم اراک خواهند بود و هنوز خبری در خصوص ادامه همکاری برخی اعضای کادر فنی فعلی این تیم منتشر نشده است.
منصوریان در اولین تجربه حضور بر روی نیمکت آلومینیوم سازان روز جمعه ۲۲ اسفند ماه در چارچوب رقابت های جام حذفی فوتبال کشور در اراک به مصاف تیم هوادار تهران خواهد رفت و تنها یک روز وقت برای آماده سازی تیمش خواهد داشت؛ آلومینیوم که در لیگ برتر نیز نیم فصل را در جایگاه پنجم جدول به پایان رسانده بود با شکست سنگین مقابل سپاهان در هفته هفدهم به رتبه نهم سقوط کرده است.
انتهای پیام/When social protection mechanisms are disrupted in disasters, these shocks can be especially harmful for persons who are disproportionately impacted by disaster loss, such as persons with disabilities, older persons, women and children and persons experiencing extreme poverty. When social protection fails, the benefit programs that many depend on become unavailable. This further places disaster impacted persons in harm's way, and taxes disaster services needed for the whole community.
Benefits mechanisms include:
- Health maintenance, medical and, long-term services and supports
- Maternity, child and family rations
- Pensions for older persons and survivors
- Employment injury and unemployment protection
Community risk reduction approaches that plan for closing gaps in social protection systems during disasters optimize limited resources and maximize community-wide outcomes.
When planning for potential gaps in social protection, consider how you will:
- Maintain accessibility and inclusion throughout restoration of all social protection programs.
- Provide assistance to social protection system workers to ensure they are able to return to work as soon as possible, including workers with disabilities, workers with children and family members who are older or have disabilities.
- Bring assistance to individuals to maintain their health, safety and independence until social protection systems are restored (see also inclusive cash transfer).
- Locate emergency services in accessible facilities on accessible and affordable transportation routes.
- Provide information about available assistance in accessible formats.
- Provide lifesaving and life sustaining supplies for individuals unable to provide necessary identification.
- Support the replication of identification cards, vital records and other personal documents as soon as possible.
- Notify beneficiaries when benefit systems are operational and provide assistance to ensure individual benefits are restored.SIRACUSA. Un Daspo è stato emesso dal Questore di Siracusa nei confronti dei cinque tifosi del Pachino già denunciati dalla polizia perchè ritenuti responsabili dell'aggressione ad alcuni giocatori e all'arbitro verificatasi nello stadio 'Brancatì di Pachino (Siracusa) il 15 dicembre scorso al termine dell'incontro di calcio di promozione Pachino-Palazzolo Acreide. Dopo la vittoria 2 a 0 della squadra ospite un gruppo di tifosi dopo aver scavalcato la recinzione dello stadio invase l'area di campo in corrispondenza del tunnel che conduce agli spogliatoi lanciò pietre ad alcuni giocatori, che furono aggrediti fisicamente. Alcuni di essi e l'arbitro riportarono lesioni giudicate guaribili in tre giorni.
© Riproduzione riservataNew York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1877. First edition. Cloth over Boards. Small quarto, pp. 630, indexed, illustrated with b/w line drawings. Ex-library markings. Very Good. Item #21664
This book was intended for architects and students of architecture. The author felt there were many books written on the mathematics of construction, but none adapted to the specific needs of the architect. The chapters cover such topics as the parts of buildings that require special attention, creating strong floors, positioning weight on a beam, distributing load on floors, rules for safe loads, rules for headers, compound strains in beams, resistance to flexure, limits of elasticity, and much more. A helpful resource that covers many unusual topics.萌宠动态-各样奇葩的小动物趣图
亚达伯拉鹰嘴龟，是龟鳖目乌龟科阿尔达布拉绿海龟属的爬虫类动物，也可能有分类学家把它归在刺山龟上面。400多年前，在赤道附近的一座荒凉小岛上，塞尔维亚人发觉了一种伟大的龟。它甲壳长达1.5米，重量约有250千克，长着又粗又壮的腿，酷拟大象的巨足，所以才被称作红耳龟。意大利人同有时候也为那几个岛取了个救经引足的名字称为加拉帕Gosse，意思是龟岛。食螺龟最赏识的食品是多汁的蓝绿仙人掌，每一日能够吃到10千克以上。因为它的体内在平常一度储蓄了大气的食品，所以完全能够十分短日子都不吃不喝，也不会饿死。安南龟是恐惧红眼病照射的，向往藏在树荫下生活。当雨季到来时，粗颈龟就从山顶爬下来栖居。旱季降一时，又爬到多雾的丛岭中去。
亚达伯拉果核龟（学名：Aldabrachelys
gigantea），是龟鳖目乌龟科阿尔达布拉锦龟属的爬虫类动物。亦有分类学家把它归在大鳄龟下属，学名称为Dipsochelys
dussumieri。
1、亚达伯拉花龟的外形特点
亚达伯拉头盔龟成体的最大甲长度大约可复月130公分，体型与加拉巴哥彩龟形似，为世界最大的两种猪鼻龟。头大，颈长。背甲核心高隆，椎盾5片;肋盾每侧4片;缘盾每侧9片，前后缘略呈锯齿状，微向上翘起;颈盾1片;臀盾单片，一点都不小。四肢粗壮，柱状。背甲、四肢和头尾均紫中灰色，每片椎盾和肋盾均有不平整黑斑，皮肤松皱。背甲长可达1.8米，最重达375十两，是陆生龟类中最大的物种。
形态特征亚达伯拉花龟头大，颈长。背甲宗旨高隆，椎盾5片；肋盾每侧4片；缘盾每侧9片，前后缘略呈锯齿状，微向上翘起；颈盾1片；臀盾单片，相当大。四肢粗壮，柱状。背甲、四肢和头尾均中灰色，每片椎盾和肋盾均有不平整黑斑，皮肤松皱。背甲长可达1.8米，最重达375千克，是陆生龟类中最大的物种。
2、亚达伯拉猪鼻龟的性质特征
澳门新葡亰平台游戏 ，生存习性以植物为主食，不时也会食用动物死尸。形态最大甲长105公分。体形稍差于大食螺龟，鼻孔呈纵向细长状。广布于亚达伯拉岛的陆地区。
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梦见死人表示你打算忘记一些不快的往事，并准备从失意中再站起来。不用害怕。如果梦境是快乐的，这是吉祥之梦，如果是悲伤、严肃的则是骨肉将有意外。梦见死人复活若梦见死去的父亲活过来，表示家庭成员中会有争论。若是梦见亡友，则表示物质上将会发生困难。梦见死人从棺木中走出表示很久没有联络的朋友会突然来访的预兆。梦见与死人说话表示一些小愿望能够达成，正在进行中的事情会成功，或正在讨论的事情会有好消息。但若梦中死人哭泣的话，则表一切不顺利．愿望也无法达成。梦见死人进入家中幸运将至的预兆。梦见自己抱着尸体，是大吉大利，有很好的财运：若尸体有臭味则事业更繁荣，若为死尸生蛆则得大利，可能能发大财。梦见自己抱着骷髅表示将受人毁谤或被人诈欺。梦见自己死亡表示财产将会愈来愈多，一切顺利的吉兆。梦见某人死亡若是梦见还活着的朋友死亡，则你将会有好财运。梦见葬礼表示将会散尽钱财或破大财。(但若梦见自己死亡的葬礼，则大吉大利。)梦且火葬表示可期待的好事会到来。梦见自己参加葬礼去凭吊或追思死者，表示自己将怀孕或近亲中有人将生小孩。Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihçesi! Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır? 8 Mart Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı?
Bir asırdan fazla bir süredir dünya çapında insanlar 8 Mart'ı kadınlar için özel bir gün olarak kutluyor. Dünya Kadınlar Günü protest bir tavır mıydı? Kadınlar Günü'nün nasıl doğduğu ve neden bugünün kutlandığı merak ediliyor. Peki, Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır? 8 Mart Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı? Dünya Kadınlar Günü önemi ne? İşte Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihçesi!
Dünya çapında 8 Mart, Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak tüm coğrafyalarda farklı şekillerde kutlanıyor. Bu özel günün nasıl ortaya çıktığı, bir protesto mu yoksa sadece bir kutlamadan mı ibaret olduğu pek çok kişinin merak ettiği konuların başında geliyor. Peki, Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır? 8 Mart Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı? Dünya Kadınlar Günü önemi ne? İşte Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihçesi!
KADINLAR GÜNÜ NASIL ORTAYA ÇIKTI?
Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından tanınan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, işçi hareketinden doğdu. Bu özel günün ilk tohumları, 1908'de, 15.000 kadının daha kısa çalışma saatleri, daha iyi ücret ve oy hakkı talebiyle New York'ta yürüdüğü zaman atıldı. Bir yıl sonra, Amerika Sosyalist Partisi ilk Ulusal Kadınlar Günü'nü ilan etti.
Uluslararası bir günün yaratılmasını öneren, komünist bir aktivist ve kadın hakları savunucusu Clara Zetkin'di. Fikrini 1910'da Kopenhag'da düzenlenen Uluslararası Emekçi Kadınlar Konferansı'na sundu ve oradaki 17 ülkeden 100 kadın oybirliğiyle kabul etti.
Dünya Kadınlar Günü ilk olarak 1911'de Avusturya, Danimarka, Almanya ve İsviçre'de kutlandı. Yüzüncü yıl 2011'de kutlandı, dolayısıyla bu yıl 111'incisini kutluyoruz.
1975'te Birleşmiş Milletler günü kutlamaya başladığında işler resmiyet kazandı. Benimsenen ilk tema (1996'da) "Geçmişi Kutlamak, Geleceği Planlamak" idi.
Uluslararası Kadınlar Günü, kadınların toplumda, siyasette ve ekonomide ne kadar ilerlediğini kutlamak için bir tarih haline gelirken, günümüzde devam eden eşitsizlik konusunda farkındalığı artırmak için grevler ve protestolar düzenleniyor.
DÜNYA KADINLAR GÜNÜ NEDEN 8 MART'TA KUTLANIYOR?
8 Mart 1857 tarihinde ABD'nin New York kentinde 40.000 dokuma işçisi daha iyi çalışma koşulları istemiyle bir tekstil fabrikasında greve başladı. Ancak polisin işçilere saldırması ve işçilerin fabrikaya kilitlenmesi, arkasından da çıkan yangında işçilerin fabrika önünde kurulan barikatlardan kaçamaması sonucunda çoğu kadın 129 işçi can verdi. İşçilerin cenaze törenine 100 bini aşkın kişi katıldı.
26 – 27 Ağustos 1910 tarihinde Danimarka'nın Kopenhag kentinde 2. Enternasyonale bağlı kadınlar toplantısında (Uluslararası Sosyalist Kadınlar Konferansı) Almanya Sosyal Demokrat Partisi önderlerinden Clara Zetkin, 8 Mart 1857 tarihindeki tekstil fabrikası yangınında ölen kadın işçiler anısına 8 Martın Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanması önerisini getirdi ve öneri oybirliğiyle kabul edildi.
İlk yıllarda belli bir tarih saptanmamıştı ve değişen tarihlerde fakat her zaman ilkbaharda kutlanıyordu. Tarihin 8 Mart olarak saptanışı 1921de Moskova'da gerçekleştirilen 3. Uluslararası Kadınlar Konferansında gerçekleşti. Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşı yılları arasında bazı ülkelerde kutlanması yasaklanan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, 1960lı yılların sonunda Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde de kutlanmaya başlanmasıyla daha güçlü bir şekilde gündeme geldi. Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu, 16 Aralık 1977 tarihinde 8 Martın Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanmasını kabul etti. Birleşmiş Milletlerin sitesinde günün tarihine ilişkin bölümde, kutlamanın New York'ta ölen işçilerin anısına yapıldığının yazılmamıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE KADINLAR GÜNÜ
Türkiye'de 1921 tarihinde 8 Mart Dünya Emekçi Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanmaya başlandı. 1980 darbesi döneminde dört yıl kutlama yapılmadı. 1984'ten itibaren her geçen gün daha da geniş kitlelerle kutlanmaya devam ediliyor.
KADINLAR GÜNÜ NASIL KUTLANIYOR?
Dünya Kadınlar Günü, birçok ülkede ulusal bir bayramdır.
Çin'de, Devlet Konseyi'nin tavsiyesi üzerine, 8 Mart'ta birçok kadına yarım gün iş izni veriliyor.
İtalya'da Dünya Kadınlar Günü veya la Festa della Donna, mimoza çiçeklerinin verilmesiyle kutlanır. Bu geleneğin kökeni belirsizdir, ancak İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra Roma'da başladığına inanılmaktadır.
ABD'de Mart ayı "Women's History Month' olarak kutlanıyor. Her yıl yayınlanan bir başkanlık bildirisi, Amerikalı kadınların başarılarını onurlandırıyor.
BM 2022 DÜNYA KADINLAR GÜNÜ TEMASI NE?
BM, 2022 temasını "Sürdürülebilir bir yarın için bugünden cinsiyet eşitliği" olarak açıkladı. Etkinlikleri, dünyanın dört bir yanındaki kadınların iklim değişikliğine nasıl tepki verdiğini tanıyacak.
Ama bunun yanında başka temalar da var. "Kadınlar için olumlu değişim yaratmaya yardımcı olacak bir platform sağlamak" için tasarlandığını söyleyen Dünya Kadınlar Günü web sitesi, #BreakTheBias temasını seçti. Site, insanlardan "önyargı, klişe ve ayrımcılıktan arınmış bir dünya" hayal etmelerini istiyor.Railroads and Manifest Destiny.
Posted on February 24, by Scott Alexander Attitude 1 says that patients know what they want but not necessarily how to get it, and psychiatrists are there to advise them. This is nice and straightforward and tends to make patients very happy.
Attitude 2 says that people are complicated. This is not straightforward and requires some justification, so let me give a few cases where Attitude 2 seems to me obviously Modified essay questions in psychiatry.
A mother brings her 6 year old son to the doctor, complaining that he gets nauseous every morning. She wants the doctor to prescribe an anti-nausea pill.
The doctor probes further and finds the kid only gets nauseous on school days. In fact, he only gets nauseous on school days when he has a particular gym class. The doctor asks the kid if there are any problems in that gym class, and the kid is reluctant to say anything.
After a while, he finally admits there is a bully in that class. The mother calls the school, and the school takes care of the bully. After that the kid is no longer nauseous in the mornings.
A woman goes to a plastic surgeon asking him to fix her nose, which she insists is hideously deformed. The plastic surgeon thinks the nose looks perfectly normal and asks her to be cleared by a psychiatrist before surgery.
The psychiatrist diagnoses the woman with body dysmorphic disorder, a delusional belief that one of their body parts is unbearably ugly. He suggests she get psychotherapy instead. After several years of psychotherapy, the woman learns not to worry so much about her nose.
A woman goes to her doctor asking him how to taper off her birth control pills. The doctor is surprised at this request because he knows she is planning to break up with her boyfriend. The woman says that this is true, but she wants a child as a way to remember the relationship.
The doctor refers her to therapy for her anxiety, and she is able to sort through her conflicting feelings about leaving her boyfriend.
She chooses to stay on her birth control. The doctor recommends therapy for OCD. The doctor knows him well, and remembers that he has been admitted five times in the past six months, each time after a life crisis, and that the patient has never actually attempted suicide and never even planned how he might do it.
The doctor suggests that the man is using the psych hospital as an emotional crutch, and that instead of threatening suicide and going to the hospital whenever he is upset, he needs to learn more adaptive coping mechanisms.
Attitude 1 would have been the wrong choice in these five situations. If the surgeon had just given the woman the nose job she wanted, she would have been dissatisfied with the surgery and wanted it changed again.
If the third doctor had just told the woman how to get off birth control like she wanted, she might have had a baby for the wrong reasons and regretted it later, leading to heartache all around. If the fourth doctor had just given the man an antipsychotic, he would have unnecessarily exposed him to a potentially life-long course of very strong medication.
If the fifth doctor had admitted the man to the hospital, he would be using up scarce resources and discouraging the man from learning better coping strategies.Turnitin provides instructors with the tools to prevent plagiarism, engage students in the writing process, and provide personalized feedback.
Lifting the Veil An Investigative History of the United States Pathocracy. Researched and Written by Timothy M.
Silver “I know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in America. The Editorial Committee of Australasian Psychiatry hopes to engage trainees by providing practice Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) and providing some guidance as to how best to answer these questions. These questions also serve as a good refresher for established clinicians.
The practice question. The Editorial Committee of Australasian Psychiatry hopes to engage trainees by providing practice Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) and providing some guidance as to how best to answer these questions.
Modified Essay Questions (MEQ’s) have become more challenging in recent exams, as they are marked at the level of Junior Consultant. It would of benefit to have completed the core mandatory college rotations such as CL .
The archetype of interactive natural language interfaces was a program called ELIZA written by Joseph Weizenbaum in the mids. The idea of the program was to engage a human in a conversation that appeared to be with a human, instead of with a computer.Dependency Injection Pattern
IoC is aimed at loosening the coupling of application components. The key concepts are:
- Components do not know each other directly.
- Components specify external dependencies using some kind of a key.
- Some "superior instance" (the IoC container, for example) resolves the dependencies once for each component and hereby "wires" the components together.
It is quite a challenge to implement an IoC container for statically typed languages. In python, however, the core concepts can be implemented quite easily. DependencyInjectionThePythonWay describes how.
PEAK:InversionOfControl -- Inversion of Control is a more general concept (small components relinquishing control, or networking control, rather than maintaining it internally,) but the name was overloaded historically to mean what is named by DependencyInjectionPattern. PEAK makes use of dependency injection, and the larger meaning of "Inversion of Control." The target page describes dependency injection.The way people wear their hair is an alignment of their thinking; the braids (unity of thought), the hair tied back (safety of thought) and the color (conviction of thought). The appearance of the hair is of great importance, as each style represents a different state of mind. Hair is widely regarded as an extension of one’s thoughts. Their styles are particularly important, as they depict and announce participation in various events. A person’s hairstyle indicates the state of happiness or grief at a given time, whether they are single or married, age and tribal status. It is a representation of one’s feelings and life situation. Different styles mark tribal membership and some are worn to indicate times of peace or war. Hair is not simply a fashion accessory for aesthetic reasons, it is literally the pinnacle of spiritual expression and a source of strength, intuition and power.
Generally, we think of hair as simply a matter of personal preference, but it is much more than that. All the hair on your body is there for a reason. Hair on the legs regulates the glandular system and stabilizes a person’s electromagnetic field. The hair under the armpits protects the very sensitive area of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems that affect the brain and energy levels. Eyebrows protect the eyes from the sun and sweat. Men’s beards cover the moon center on the chin protecting them from the high energy of the moon. The hair above the head is very long, while the hair on the body is short.
If they were only for heat, the hair on the body would be long too. The long hair is only located above the brain. We are practically the only creatures designed this way. Indeed, the hair is an antenna for receiving images from the subtle world around us.
The body’s natural intelligence will give its hair the proper length. If you allow the hair on your head to grow it will grow to a certain length required by your body, and then it will stop growing. You may have noticed that Sikhs, who do not cut their hair, each have a different length of hair. This is because every human organism has its own requirement. Hair also reflects the health of an individual.
It has been scientifically proven that people with long hair tend to be less tired, more energetic and less likely to suffer from depression. People with long hair have more energy and do not feel the cold of winter in the same way as people with short hair. A person with short hair tends to waste body energy faster. A person who cuts his hair throughout his life forces his body to produce 22 meters of replacement hair. A person who keeps their hair long produces only 1.5 meters of hair in their lifetime.
Think of the story of Samson and Delilah in the Bible. He lost his strength when she cut off his hair. Another example: this was practiced by Genghis Khan to humiliate the Chinese people he conquered. He had their hair cut off leaving fringes on their forehead! (The fringes cover the 3rd eye, inhibiting intuition and subtle knowledge). In the cultural genocide of Native American nations in residential schools that lasted for almost a century, the first violent action taken by the clerics to whom the Canadian and American governments entrusted Native American children, forcibly removed from their parents sometimes at gunpoint, was to cut off the children’s hair.
Hair is a conductor of the body’s electromagnetic energy. Like radio antenna wires, induction causes the electromagnetic energy conductor to induce a current in a section of adjacent conductors. This means that when you coil a conductor, the signal becomes much stronger. Hair acts as an antenna, conducting body energy.
Hair also has the ability to emit energy currents and frequencies into the environment. This has been seen in experiments involving Kirlian photography.
In addition, having long hair protects the top of the head from sun exposure and heat, helps channel solar energy and improves vitamin D absorption. The body grows hair for a reason.
Thus, Native Americans had good reason to treat hair as a necessary component of their spiritual life. Like nature, hair must thrive at its own pace. It can bring a sense of joy and comfort in certain circumstances. If we have been created in the image of the divine nature, why not embrace our natural state?
Yogi Bhajan was a guru and immigrant from India who brought Kundalini Yoga to the United States. On the subject of haircuts, he said:
“Our haircuts might just be a trend, but if we study them, we will find that we have often deprived ourselves
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what benefits it may hold for you!
The key theme to understand when learning about AIOps is its focus on reliability. Every aspect of this tool is to support teams in achieving structural reliability for themselves and their clients.
AIOps leverage immense loads of big data and provide real-time reactions with significant analytics. What’s more, is AI and machine learning thrive off large amounts of data. The more data it processes, the more it learns and can apply that knowledge to future analytics. This tool becomes more efficient and tailored the more you use it.
So, now that we know what AIOps do, it’s time to ask how. There are two big ways AIOps achieve this level of analytics, through data ingestion and incident resolution.
Data ingestion is the act of incorporating data from multiple sources and assimilating it into storage for data analysis. Common storage spaces are cloud databases and document stores, any place where you can access stored data.
Data extraction comes from sources like SaaS data, in-house apps, spreadsheets, or website extraction.
It’s not as simple as finding data and putting it away, though. Companies often have multiple areas of storage. For example, sales data goes to a sales database, like Salesforce, while product data goes to a relational database. AIOps have to distinguish the data it’s ingesting to store it in the right place.
On top of that, it must also format the data so you can use it together, even if it’s stored in different databases. This tool ensures the data has a composition that works for both the database and integrated work.
Types of Ingestion
There are three ways to ingest data; real-time, batch, or lambda.
Real-time, or streaming data, is when the data is ingested in real-time. While generating data, the tool extracts, processes, and stores it. It also gives real-time decision-making support. This is useful for businesses that need constant updates on their work. Think of power plants or stock markets where data has to be monitored continuously to guarantee accuracy.
Batch data ingesting is when the data is ingested at scheduled intervals. Instead of processing constantly, the tool moves data a few times a day, or even less. Great for the repeated processes. Think of daily fiscal reports or handling end-of-year reporting.
Lambda architecture is when the two methods above are both utilized. Real-time handles time-sensitive data, while batch data handles broader collections.
AI and ML technology secure the ability to leverage data while understanding human activity.
These techniques allow AIOps to offer a hands-on and proactive approach to incident resolution. It detects errors as well as repairs errors. It can even spot anomalies before issues begin. Offering preventative measures for your system and helping create a stable environment for workers and customers.
AIOps maintain a standard of reliability because it focuses on issue identification. It builds quicker awareness, enabling accelerated response times, and it automates responses to known events.
The Big Picture
Data ingestion and incident resolution are the most notable actions of AIOps workflow. However, there are a few general actions it does that you should know. Simply put, these are the big picture advancements.
Along with ingesting data, AIOps select data. Standard IT environments generate mass amounts of noisy and redundant data. Data that takes focus away from the vital information and causes distraction. Encouraging reliability, it filters out nearly 99% of data, focusing on the bits showing errors.
Alert fatigue is a huge issue in incident response, especially in the healthcare and cybersecurity industries. But, with smart alerting, it’s able to suppress low priority alerts and related group alerts. This allows for a top-to-bottom work structure. You can focus on critical issues and then move on to low priority.
AI and machine learning at its core are built for finding patterns. Finding meaningful data, understanding why it’s significant, and further finding patterns within the meaningful data.
Filtering out unnecessary noise and building prolific analysis from purposeful information.
The most powerful thing about this platform is that it consistently learns from the data, recycles knowledge, and continuously improves responses. Delivered content will become more tailored and precise, revamping the operations.
AIOps promote and facilitate collaboration between departments and teams. Its remote accessibility allows teams wherever they are to work together on issues—streamlining a frictionless and secure workspace for different specializations to perform in.
It can preserve data from these operations to analyze and put towards developing future diagnosis of similar problems.
If there’s one thing AI and ML bring to the table, it’s automation. Automations do the tedious work, so DevOps have more time to solve complex issues. It automates responses and repairs, constructing more efficient and correct solutions.
AIOps Workflow: The Future of Tech
AIOps is crucial to operation because it takes action to the next level. With applications like data ingestion and incident resolution, your company will be operating at a higher level than ever before.
AIOps catches the minutiae humans cannot, but simultaneously allows humans to do the work machines can’t. It’s an ebb and flow of machine and human integration that can only be achieved through AI and machine learning technology.
We hope you found this article helpful and have gained a more fruitful understanding of AIOps. Here at Logiq, we aim to educate as much as we strive to help. If you have any further questions, do not hesitate to contact us or view our blog for more insight!Are These Normal Trauma Symptoms (Or Are You Struggling With PTSD?)
Nearly 7% of Americans struggle with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point during their lives. There is no doubt that PTSD can be a frightening, challenging, and debilitating struggle for both individuals and their loved ones.
It is important to note that everyone responds to trauma differently. That said, it can be difficult to discern the differences between “routine” trauma symptoms and PTSD. Let’s explore what you need to know.
Understanding Normal Trauma Symptoms
Trauma can threaten both one’s physical and emotional safety. Trauma may occur in single, standalone events, and it can also be long-term and systemic. Likewise, trauma can affect you both directly (such as experiencing a sexual assault) or indirectly (such as witnessing domestic violence).
There isn’t a universal way to process or cope with trauma. How you experience and internalize trauma depends on several, multidisciplinary variables including:
- The type of trauma
- How others responded to your trauma
- Your current sense of resilience
- History of mental illness
- The severity of physical or cognitive injuries
- Your current coping skills
- History of past traumas
Events that don’t bother some people may profoundly impact others. That said, there are some common reactions to consider when understanding trauma symptoms.
Anxiety is a typical trauma response. When your life feels threatened, your mind and body activate the fight-or-flight system. As a result, many people experience anxiety-related symptoms such as:
- Racing thoughts
- Paranoia and hypervigilance
- Panic attacks
You may feel anxious in specific situations or around certain people that remind you of the trauma. You may notice yourself feeling jumpier or “on edge.” However, with time, these reactions will usually lessen in severity.
Guilt and Shame
After experiencing a trauma, it’s normal to ruminate on the events leading up to and during the incident. You may feel stuck in a vicious cycle of what-ifs and should-haves. You may feel like you hold responsibility for what happened to you. This is your mind replaying the trauma and trying to make sense of what happened.
Likewise, if you witnessed the trauma occur to someone else, you may experience a sense of survivor’s guilt. This guilt is also a common trauma symptom. After all, it is reasonable to question why you were spared that specific pain or anguish. With time, these reactions also tend to lessen in severity.
Isolation and Avoidance
Feeling “normal” after trauma may seem impossible. Moreover, you may not feel ready or willing to share what happened to you to others. If people do know about the trauma, you may feel insecure and unstable in their presence.
Temporary isolation and avoidance are normal reactions. You may need some time to process your emotions. Perhaps, loved ones have tried to comfort you, but you’re finding their sentiments invalidating or even discouraging.
You had something terrible happen to you, and maybe the trauma shocked you to the core. Maybe you weren’t sure if you were going to make it out alive. And perhaps, it disrupted the entire course of your life. Trauma is painful, and it’s normal to feel depressed after it occurs.
Common depression symptoms may include:
- Feelings of worthlessness
- A lack of energy
- Difficulty with focus and concentration
- Feeling emotionally and even physically heavy
- Sleep problems
- Dramatic appetite changes
In some cases, depression can also include suicidal thoughts and plans. Although it is normal to question your life after a trauma, all suicidal thoughts should be taken seriously and addressed accordingly by a mental health professional.
When Trauma Symptoms Become PTSD
As mentioned, it is normal to feel shaken and disturbed after a traumatic event. However, most people start feeling better within a few weeks or months. Even if the symptoms do not go away completely, you should notice an improvement over time.
If you’ve been struggling for several months (or the symptoms appear to be worsening), you may be experiencing PTSD. PTSD makes you feel like you are in dangerous and life-threatening distress even long after the event has passed.
Anyone is susceptible to PTSD, and the onset occurs at least one month after experiencing the event (earlier onset is often indicative of Acute Stress Disorder, another mental health condition). PTSD symptoms include:
- Re-experiencing symptoms (racing thoughts, nightmares, flashbacks)
- Avoidance symptoms (avoiding people, places, or situations reminiscent of the trauma)
- Arousal symptoms (feeling startled or tense, having anger outbursts)
- Mood and cognitive symptoms (losing interest in usual activities, heightened guilt and blame, negative thoughts about oneself and the world)
If untreated, PTSD can seriously impact your daily functioning. That’s because the severity of these symptoms can affect your quality of relationships, work and school performance, and typical household responsibilities.
Getting The Trauma Treatment You Need
PTSD is treatable. Seeking professional support during this time can help you learn how to better cope with symptoms and reestablish a healthier perception of yourself.
EMDR therapy empowers individuals who have experienced trauma by helping them reconcile parts of their past, present, and future. This therapy will desensitize some of the intense reactions rooted in your trauma symptoms. It will also help challenge (and change) some of the negative core beliefs you hold about yourself and the world around you.
Are you interested in learning more about how EMDR therapy can help you? Learm more about the services offered at Willow Counseling today- we are here to guide you through your journey towards recovery.
Willow Counseling, PLLC
Willow Counseling, PLLC exists to provide quality trauma-informed mental health counseling to the Nashville community, recognizing the interconnectedness of our emotional, spiritual and physical selves. We work together to alleviate symptoms, learn better coping skills, relieve burdens, remove the pain of trauma, and so much more. However, our greatest desire is for you to know what it means to feel purpose and joy again and to recognize the strength and worth you have to offer the world.Minkia ha trovato lavoro a Londra, entusiasmante! Nessuna nostalgia di Roccalumera!!!
Inizia con il volantinaggio per 50 sterline al giorno, poi farà l'imbianchino per 325 sterline a settimana. Nel frattempo ha cominciato a frequentare una buona scuola di inglese...quanto ci metterà ad imparare? I bookmaker scommettono su un minimo di 6 mesi! Dopo di che riuscirà ad introdursi in una seria istituzione finaziaria della City? qui le puntate sono ancora premature... ma c'è chi mormora gia che sta per nascere una nuova stella: un genio della finanza siculo che sconvolgerà i mercati finanziari internazionali!!!
p.s. il nostro eroe arriva in chat...
Minkia: comunque c'è di più ieri sera sono stato ad un disco bar, ad un tratto ne avevo una davanti e una di dietro che si strusciavano… imbarassing!!!
trafficantedecannelloni: ma che è successo con le due tipe?
minkia: nulla, mi ballavano adosso! Stasera vado in disco vediamo se c'è qualcuna che è disposta a farmi un with drou. Oh, ci siete? iman of shit? Ciccio, ieri sera all'inglese che vive qui gli ho fatto dire “annachiti u sangu”. minkia non puoi capire che ridere annachiti u sangu significa agita il tuo sangue, muoviti, poi iniziano a dire bene prelievi. adesso li devo far passare alla fase 2
risate che non ti dico con il greco quando cerco di dire qualcosa e ovviamente non ci riesco dopo vari tentativi diciamo la parola peace
trafficantedecannelloni: che greco?
minkia: si c'è un greco, che è ricercatore all'università, un sekkione, stà facendo uno studio con reti neurali dove dimostra che in base a ciò che facciamo usiamo solo parti parziali del cervello. Davvero ho visto il lavoro. È peggio di nat, pensa ha fatto una rete con 1000 neuroni.
trafficantedecannelloni: piu dei tuoi, no?
minkia: e si, i miei sono solo a 2 cifre forse, a voglia. stasera mi devono fare un prelievo a proposito. Mi sembra di stare a Taormina l'inglese è amico con uno che organizza serate praticamente non pago nelle disco ieri sera nn ho pagato stasera non pago. Ciccio è ‘na figata londra! belle fighe! ieri sera sono stato in un locale, Attica si chiama, stà sopra Piccadilly street non puoi capire!
trafficantedecannelloni: bonoooo
minkia: le fighe che c'erano! ciccini se pensavate che non mi ambientavo non avete capito un cazzo! devo trovare un buon lavoro e qui potrei buttarci l'ancora, per molto tempo. ciccini adesso vado a studiare, ciao.|Title:||Use decimal.Decimal type for timestamps|
|Author:||Victor Stinner <vstinner at redhat.com>|
- Rejection Notice
- Backwards Compatibility
- Objection: clocks accuracy
- Alternatives: Timestamp types
- Alternatives: API design
This PEP is rejected. See https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2012-February/116837.html.
Decimal becomes the official type for high-resolution timestamps to make Python support new functions using a nanosecond resolution without loss of precision.
Python 2.3 introduced float timestamps to support sub-second resolutions. os.stat() uses float timestamps by default since Python 2.5. Python 3.3 introduced functions supporting nanosecond resolutions:
- os module: futimens(), utimensat()
- time module: clock_gettime(), clock_getres(), monotonic(), wallclock()
os.stat() reads nanosecond timestamps but returns timestamps as float.
The Python float type uses binary64 format of the IEEE 754 standard. With a resolution of one nanosecond (10-9), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 224 seconds (194 days: 1970-07-14 for an Epoch timestamp).
Nanosecond resolution is required to set the exact modification time on filesystems supporting nanosecond timestamps (e.g. ext4, btrfs, NTFS, ...). It helps also to compare the modification time to check if a file is newer than another file. Use cases: copy the modification time of a file using shutil.copystat(), create a TAR archive with the tarfile module, manage a mailbox with the mailbox module, etc.
An arbitrary resolution is preferred over a fixed resolution (like nanosecond) to not have to change the API when a better resolution is required. For example, the NTP protocol uses fractions of 232 seconds (approximatively 2.3 × 10-10 second), whereas the NTP protocol version 4 uses fractions of 264 seconds (5.4 × 10-20 second).
With a resolution of 1 microsecond (10-6), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 233 seconds (272 years: 2242-03-16 for an Epoch timestamp). With a resolution of 100 nanoseconds (10-7, resolution used on Windows), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 229 seconds (17 years: 1987-01-05 for an Epoch timestamp).
Add decimal.Decimal as a new type for timestamps. Decimal supports any timestamp resolution, support arithmetic operations and is comparable. It is possible to coerce a Decimal to float, even if the conversion may lose precision. The clock resolution can also be stored in a Decimal object.
Add an optional timestamp argument to:
- os module: fstat(), fstatat(), lstat(), stat() (st_atime, st_ctime and st_mtime fields of the stat structure), sched_rr_get_interval(), times(), wait3() and wait4()
- resource module: ru_utime and ru_stime fields of getrusage()
- signal module: getitimer(), setitimer()
- time module: clock(), clock_gettime(), clock_getres(), monotonic(), time() and wallclock()
The timestamp argument value can be float or Decimal, float is still the default for backward compatibility. The following functions support Decimal as input:
- datetime module: date.fromtimestamp(), datetime.fromtimestamp() and datetime.utcfromtimestamp()
- os module: futimes(), futimesat(), lutimes(), utime()
- select module: epoll.poll(), kqueue.control(), select()
- signal module: setitimer(), sigtimedwait()
- time module: ctime(), gmtime(), localtime(), sleep()
The os.stat_float_times() function is deprecated: use an explicit cast using int() instead.
The decimal module is implemented in Python and is slower than float, but there is a new C implementation which is almost ready for inclusion in CPython.
The default timestamp type (float) is unchanged, so there is no impact on backward compatibility nor on performances. The new timestamp type, decimal.Decimal, is only returned when requested explicitly.
Computer clocks and operating systems are inaccurate and fail to provide nanosecond accuracy in practice. A nanosecond is what it takes to execute a couple of CPU instructions. Even on a real-time operating system, a nanosecond-precise measurement is already obsolete when it starts being processed by the higher-level application. A single cache miss in the CPU will make the precision worthless.
Linux actually is able to measure time in nanosecond precision, even though it is not able to keep its clock synchronized to
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Schwenkfelders were a small, pietistic sect that emigrated from southern Germany and lower Silesia in the Austrian Empire beginning in 1731. After being persecuted for two centuries, and denied the right to Christian burial, they decided to follow like-minded German immigrants to the Pennsylvania colony where religious freedom was guaranteed. They arrived in Philadelphia in six migrations between 1731 to 1737, with the largest group of 200 sailing from Rotterdam in 1734. They settled farmsteads around Philadelphia, especially in modern Berks and Lehigh Counties. By 2003, almost all Schwenkfelders had joined more established Christian denominations, though many still claimed to be followers of the old doctrine. Schwenkfelders followed the teachings of Caspar Schwenckfeld von Ossig (1489–1561), a devout Catholic and member of the Silesian nobility. He was drawn to Martin Luther’s reform teachings but disagreed with him over the exact nature of the Lord’s Supper and the baptism of infants. Schwenckfeld believed that the Bible should not be literally interpreted or used as a “paper pope” but rather that believers should trust the Holy Spirit for insight into its meaning. Family was central to Schwenkfelder worship, with house churches the norm. As a result, the Society of Schwenkfelders was loosely organized, and its members freely associated with more established churches, where they could share their gifts of spiritual insight. In 2003, there was still an organized church, consisting of five congregations and about 2,600 members associated with the United Church of Christ, though many who claim Schwenkfelder roots are associated with the religious work of the Evangelical Lutherans, Presbyterians, American Baptists, the Christian Missionary Alliance, the Evangelical Association, and the Holiness Movement.رسانک/ صفحه رسمی مولوی عبدالغفار نقشبندی ،امام جمعه موقت راسک در توییتر در رابطه با مسمومیت دانش آموزان دختر در مدارس بلوچستان منتشر کرده و به والدین هشدار داده است.
در این توییت نوشته شده: “بلوچستان هوشیار باش! همانگونه که سهم مردان تو از اعتراضات اخیر، گلوله جنگی بود نه پلاستیکی! یقینا سهم دختران تو از سریال مسمومیت های اخیر نیز سمی مهلک و ویژه خواهد بود.”
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提高离心泵综合效率的主要措施
离心泵在工农业成长中起着至关主要主要的感化，其普遍用于电力、化工、矿产、污水排放、物料输送、农业浇灌等范畴，同时也是各工况范畴内讧能最大的机械设备，总耗能占到全国发电总量的40%摆布。而因为流体机械构造的奇特性，其设计效率遍及不高，据有关文献统计，高比转速的离心泵效率普通在65%~85%，中比转速的离心泵效率一样在75%~50%，低比转速的离心泵效率普通在50%阁下，甚至更低。加上在选型阶段的工况误差，实际效率往往低于设计点的最高效率，使得泵在使用过程中，能源哄骗率低，能耗过大，造成严重的虚耗。是以找到提高离心泵综合效率的方式办法，对节能减排具有重大意义。
影响离心泵效率首要有三个方面：1）设计布局不对理，泵自己效率低；2）选型不妥，与原念头及中央调速机构匹配错误理；3）无故障运行时间短，维护修理不到位，造成整个生命周期内经济运行成本高。以上身分导致了离心泵实际运行效率不高，现从其设计开发到使用维护各个环节入手、阐明，总结问题的根源，并提出改善效率的首要办法，以供设计者和使用者参考。
1.设计阶段的布局改良办法
1.1 影响离心泵的各项损失剖析及应对办法
以设计的角度来看，影响离心泵自己效率的损失包罗：机械损失、容积损失与水力损失。
（1）机械损失。指轴承、轴封及叶轮圆盘摩擦引起的损失，此中前两项损失约占总功率的1%~3%，是机械的一样性损失，在此不进行商议，而首要考虑圆盘摩擦损失P d 。较量圆盘摩擦损失的经验公式好多，原石家庄杂质泵研究所的何希杰传授对此做了具体的收拾、试验验证和后果对比，提出了更为切确的较量公式：
式中：R e 为雷诺系数；γ为液体重度；g为重力加快度；μ2为叶轮出口速度；D 2为叶轮外径。
此公式与其他公式形式一致，区别在于其在试验的根基上哄骗回来剖析的数学方式优化了参数系数，表明圆盘摩擦损失与转速的三次方及叶轮直径的平方成正比关系。由此可见，若是在设计过程中尽量提高转速、减小叶轮直径，有助于降低圆盘摩擦损失，同时也或许降低泵体尺寸，合适离心泵设计的根基理念。
（2）容积损失。首要指介质从出口到进口的回流和均衡孔与多级泵级间泄露引起的损
失，计较直观，如图1所示。对此项计较，经验公式也好多，但素质问题仍与构造有关，因为口环间隙、叶轮与泵体件及均衡孔等构造的客观存在，必然导致泵体内的流体从高压区流入低压区。对于给定的离心泵，要提高容积效率，必需降低泄露量，可接纳的办法包孕：
a.削减密封间隙的环形面积或增加密封环间隙阻力，实现回流撙节，不仅有助于降低容积损失，同时也有助于降低圆盘摩擦损失。对此做了深入地研究剖析，个中以低比转速离心泵为对象，证实了口环的减小能显著提高泵的整体效率，且与叶轮形式无关，并进一步给出了总效率的争论公式（2），或许看出总效率是泄露量q的二次函数，并存在极值。
η=(ηh/PQ t)［－(ρgH－ρgH1sp－ρgHc)q2+(ρgQtH－ρgQtH1sp－ρgQtHc－p+Pm′)q+(p－Pm′)Qt］（2）
式中：η为总效率；ηh水力效率；P为轴功率；Qt为理论流量；ρ为流体密度；g为重力加快度；H1sp为流出口环后泄露液体具有水头；Hc为口环间隙中总压降水头；Pm′为未考虑泄露的圆盘摩擦损失。
b.减小叶轮与泵体的间隙，尤其是开式叶轮与前泵盖之间的间隙。从多年的实践来看，这种办法，一样都邑使离心泵（低比转速的居多）综合效率提高1%~3%，甚至更高，且间隙的调整越小提高的比率越大。除此之外，口环间隙的减小还或许提高流量扬程等指标。
c.作废均衡孔构造，代之以增加背叶片布局，或在多级泵中采用叶轮背靠背设计，既能包管叶轮的轴向均衡，又有助于容积效率的改善。构造间隙的减小，必然水平上增加了制造的难题及成本，该当综合考虑，但跟着加工制造手艺高精化成长，很多间隙已可调整的很小，如部门离心泵口环间隙已经做到0.1 mm，叶轮与泵体间隙能做到0.3 mm ，对提高离心泵的综合效率是非常显明的。
3）水力损失。是液体流过泵的过流部件时发生的水力摩擦损失和冲击、脱流等局部损失，也称沿程损失，首要发生于叶轮、压水室和吸水室之内，与过流部件的几何外形、概况粗拙度、液体黏度和流速等身分有关。尽管很多文献着眼于此，但因为流体在泵内流动的
复杂性，切确较量每项损失非常难题，通用性也差，很多研究者只能以统计学手段进行剖析估算，个中谈高超等对该项损失进行了具体研究，值得参考，其思路是:按照管道沿程损失的计较模式将离心泵水力损失分为摩擦损失、局部损失、扩算损失或收缩损失等几部门，划分对各构造的过流部件进行水力损失较量，同时用回来剖析法对以往经验系数进行批改并进行试验验证，获得了更为正确的较量公式，提高了其通用性和实用性。
1.2 提高离心泵自身效率的优选布局
从各文献研究了局以及实际阐明表明:几何构造与离心泵自身效率有亲密关联，固然很多经验公式都是基于统计学的数学方式，参数批改亦有分歧，但从改变几何构造以提高离心泵效率的手段是行之有效的，因为泵模型的多样性，现仅以定性的体式，对首要几何参数对泵的效率影响加以剖析论说。
（1）叶片的弯曲外形。在离心泵成长过程中，先后显现三类计较有代表性的叶片外形，包罗直叶片、前弯叶片以及后弯叶片。前弯叶片或许使流体具有较高的初速度，但不克给流体供给较大的静压能，造成沿程损失及冲击损失高，能量转移效率低，这种叶片的离心泵效率一样很忧伤50%，使用价值不高，多见于低比转速泵中，事实上有逐渐被镌汰的趋势。
与其相反，后弯叶片式叶轮，首要将动能转化为流体的静压能，流体依靠静压能差从泵体中流出，流体流速低，由此造成的冲击损失及沿程损失相对较少，降低了转能量化过程中的损失，相符离心泵“在知足扬程的环境下，尽量大的输送物料”如许一种客观需求，是对照主流的叶片形式，在中高比转速的离心泵中非常遍及，其效率多分布在65%~85%区间内，部门机能好的能达到90%以上。直叶片形式的叶轮，效率介于前两者之间，普通不高于65%，多用于切线泵。
别的从叶片的曲线形式来看，又分为单曲率圆柱叶片、多曲率圆柱形叶片以及扭曲形叶片。个中扭曲性叶片以三元流设计方式入手，改变分歧流面处的液流角，使沟通流面内的流体获得根基一致的静压能及流速，避免内部液流的互相“侵扰”，降低叶轮进口的冲击损失，改善了流体在叶轮中的流动状况，是提高离心泵综合效率的有效方式之一。
（2）长短叶片相间。长短叶片的工作机理是经由在主叶片之间增加尺寸较短的分流叶片，可以对叶轮内部液流起到导向感化，掌握内部流动星散的发生，降低混流湍流，实践研究表明，分流叶片长度及位置的合理设计可降低射流-尾迹构造，有效提高离心泵的综合效率和其他机能。
（3）叶片数量及厚度。从理论上讲，叶片数量越少，厚度越薄，对流体的排出效应越小，其效率越高，但这两项参数又关乎离心泵的扬程及构造强度，一味地追求效率指标势必影响到其综合机能，为此，设计过程中对此两参数的处理应做到包管根基机能的前提下，尽量削减叶片数量并减薄叶片厚度。
（4）叶片进出口安放角。平日离心泵设计时叶片进吵嘴略大于液流角，相差局限普通在3°~5° ，采用正冲角能减小叶片弯曲，进而增加叶片进口过流面积和减小叶片排斥，有利于提高效率；而选择较大的出口安放角，能够增大扬程，减小叶轮直径，从而降低圆盘摩擦损失，同样或许必然水平上提高离心泵效率，但出口安放角增加，沟通流量下叶轮出口速度增加，压水室水力损失增加，相对流动扩散严重，反而晦气于综合效率的提高，一样出口安防角在22°~30° 之间。
（5）叶片包角。离心泵设计过程中，对其他几何参数有角力明确具体的注释论证，但对叶轮包角的选择留有相当大的空间，其拔取仍以知足机能为前提前提。过小的叶片包角会降低叶片对流体的节制能力和液流的不乱性。从此角度讲，增大叶片包角有利于改善离心泵机能，并且跟着包角的增大，流道内的流动扩散减小，流动更切近叶片外形，水力损失会减小；但包角过大，叶片的摩擦面积偏大，流道内摩擦阻力会增加，反而晦气于效率的提高。依此或许看出，该当存在使离心泵效率最高的最佳叶片包角，需进行进一步研究。
（6）压水室。压水室首要感化是从叶轮中收集流出的液体，并输送到排出口或下一级叶轮进口，降低液流速度，使速度转换成压能，消弭流体的扭转活动，避免由此造成过多的水力损失，压水室的设计对提高离心泵综合效率有主要的影响，但其构造已根基成熟，首要有三种：螺旋形压水室、叶片式压水室、加导叶的压水
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he wanted to go to David too. He may have taken a different route from the man from Cush. Or he may have just run faster.
David was worried about his son Absalom. David could not rest in the city. Instead, he waited and watched by the gates. The guard could see further because he was high up. He saw one runner, and then he saw the second runner. David really wanted good news. Ahimaaz was a good man. David thought that he would bring good news. Ahimaaz was wise. First, he praised the *Lord. Then he said that the *Lord defeated David’s enemies. But David’s first question was about Absalom. Ahimaaz knew that answer but he would not tell David. Ahimaaz let the man from Cush give David that sad news. Again, David’s first question was about Absalom. The man from Cush did not actually say that Absalom was dead. But David knew what he meant.
Verse 33 is one of the saddest verses in the Bible. David loved his son. David was very sad. His deep emotions even made him shake. But David also felt guilty. He had *sinned. Absalom’s death was part of the *Lord’s punishment (12:10). So, David believed that he deserved to die instead of Absalom. Three of David’s sons were now dead because of his *sin (Bathsheba’s son in 12:14-20, Amnon in 13:28-29 and Absalom in 18:15).
David’s soldiers had won the battle. They had saved David and his family. They had also saved his *kingdom. But David cared only about his son. Absalom had hated David, but David still loved him. David covered his face so that he could not see anyone else. He cried loudly so that he could not hear anyone else. David should have met his soldiers as they returned from the battle. They had been brave and loyal. They were happy because they had won the battle. David should have praised them. But when they saw David’s reaction, they felt guilty about Absalom. And they felt as if they were worth nothing to David.
Joab was angry with the king. Joab spoke very strongly to him. He showed that the king had insulted his men. Joab even told the king what to do. Joab knew that the soldiers were ready to leave David before that night. David was very sad about his son. But David was still the king. He had to do what was right for everyone in the country. And he had to act quickly before the situation got worse.
Absalom had divided the country. When people in a country fight each other, it causes a lot of trouble. This still happens in many countries today. David had to unite all the *Israelite *tribes. This difficult job would take a long time. Perhaps he never really managed to unite them. When King David died, his son Solomon became the king. When Solomon died, the *Israelites divided into two countries, *Israel and *Judah (1 Kings 12). They never became a united country again.
Absalom’s soldiers (called the *Israelites) had gone to their homes. Now, David came from the *tribe of *Judah. So first, he decided to send a message to the people of Judah. He wanted them to show that they were loyal to him. David’s message in verse 11 united the men of *Judah. But it did not help to unite *Judah with the other *tribes of *Israel. Amasa had been the leader of Absalom’s army (17:25). He was David’s cousin. David was not happy with Joab. So, David made Amasa the leader of his army instead of Joab. Absalom’s men would have been happy about this. So, David travelled from Mahanaim to the river Jordan. It was an honour to help the king and to welcome him back to his country. Only the people of *Judah went to meet him. This caused a problem later (verses 41-43).
Shimei had insulted David and his men when they left Jerusalem (16:5-14). Shimei was afraid that David would punish him. So Shimei was eager to meet the king and to confess his *sin. Shimei lay on the ground to show that he was humble (verse 18). This action also gave honour to David. In verse 20, Shimei suggested that the rest of the *Israelites would follow him. The ‘family of Joseph’ refers to the *tribes in the north of *Israel. Shimei had arrived with many men. They all obeyed the king and they helped him and his family. They wanted to show how loyal they were.
Abishai was not happy. He told the king what he should do. Abishai was Joab’s brother. Both these men had told David what he should do. But David suddenly showed his authority as the king. He decided that he himself would not punish Shimei. But David did not forget what Shimei had done. Shimei was still guilty. Just before David died, David told Solomon to kill Shimei (1 Kings 2:8-9).
David had been kind to Mephibosheth (chapter 9). But Mephibosheth did not leave Jerusalem when David escaped from Absalom. Now David wanted to know why. Ziba, who was Mephibosheth’s servant, had helped David. Ziba provided food for David and his men (16:1-4). Ziba told David that Mephibosheth was not loyal to him.
Verse 24 describes the customs of a man who was very sad. Other people would have noticed Mephibosheth’s behaviour. So, Mephibosheth told David his account of the events. David did not know who was telling the truth. He had given Mephibosheth’s land to Ziba. Now David divided the land between the two men. But Mephibosheth did not care about the land. He only cared that David was safe. Mephibosheth trusted David completely (verse 27). David had given great honour to Mephibosheth. And Mephibosheth always gave honour to David, as Mephibosheth called David ‘my master the king’.
Barzillai was loyal to the king. He was old. But he managed to travel to the river Jordan. He had great wealth. He had provided all that the king and his men needed at Mahanaim (17:27-29). David was grateful. He wanted to give Barzillai a reward. Barzillai had looked after David. David now wanted to look after Barzillai. But Barzillai explained that he would not be able to enjoy that good life. Maybe he needed someone to look after him all the time. This would give David extra work. Instead, Barzillai wanted to die in his home town. So, David allowed Barzillai to go home. Kimham was probably Barzillai’s son. He was young enough to enjoy the benefits at the king’s palace.
Gilgal was about 6 kilometres (4 miles) west of the Jordan and about 26 kilometres (16 miles) north east of Jerusalem. David had crossed the river. The men of *Judah had given honour to the king as he crossed the Jordan. David came from the *tribe of *Judah in the south of the country. He preferred the people of *Judah. They were his relatives. But the men of *Israel were not happy about that. They said that it was not fair. They had ten *tribes in the north of the country. There were many more people in *Israel than in *Judah. Also *Israel wanted David to be the king of the whole country. *Judah agreed later. This argument divided the nation again.
Sheba was probably a relative of King Saul. Sheba was wicked and he caused trouble. He opposed David and he did not want him to rule the *Israelites. Sheba tried to lead *Israel after Absalom’s death. And he tried to divide *Israel and *Judah again. But this did not last for very long. He blew a *trumpet to gather the *Israelites to himself. The *Israelite soldiers left David and they followed Sheba. But they did not go to fight David immediately. However, the men of *Judah remained loyal to David. They returned to Jerusalem with David and his family.
In 16:22, Absalom wanted to show that he was the king instead of David. So Absalom had sex with David’s *concubines. This evil act ruined the women and it made them feel ashamed. So, they did not serve David in his palace any more. And in that society, they could not marry other men. (Compare this with Tamar in chapter 13.) David looked after the *concubines and he protected them. But they could not be free. They could not join in with the activities at the palace. Instead, they stayed in private. And they behaved like widows. They were probably very sad that they could not continue to live with King David.
Amasa was the new leader of David’s army. This would please the people of Israel who had followed Absalom. Perhaps David had chosen him instead of Joab because Joab had not obeyed David. He had killed Absalom. But Amasa took too long to gather the men of *Judah. Perhaps he was not a strong leader. Perhaps he could not command the men as Joab had done. David was worried about Sheba. So, David did not wait for the whole army. Instead, he sent his loyal men ahead to chase Sheba. This time David chose Abishai as the leader. Abishai even led Joab’s men.
Amasa was one of Joab’s relatives. But Joab was jealous of him as the leader of the army. Amasa was returning to Jerusalem. Joab pretended to greet him in the usual way. When Joab’s sword fell out of its case, Joab picked it up. Amasa did not suspect anything so he greeted Joab. But Joab killed Amasa. We do not know whether Joab had planned this. Or perhaps he just took the opportunity as it happened. Joab was an expert with a sword. He killed Amasa quickly. Joab and Amasa were cousins. King David was their uncle (1 Chronicles 2:16-17). So Nathan’s *prophecy in 12:10 happened again.
Joab then became the leader of the army again. But the men stopped and looked at Amasa’s body. But Joab did not bury it or show any honour. Then, a man removed the body so that the soldiers would not notice it. This shows Joab’s rather cruel character. He was a very strong man. He did not seem to care much about anyone else. And he did not want anyone to rule him.
The city called Abel Beth Maacah was over 160 kilometres (100 miles) north of Jerusalem. It was near the city called Dan, which was at the north end of the country called *Israel. So Sheba had to go through the land of the other *tribes to get to Abel. However, the only *Israelites who supported him were his own family. In those days, people usually built their cities on a hill or on an area of higher ground. Then they built a wall of stones round it with one gate at the entrance. The people could defend these cities quite easily. They could throw stones down onto the people who tried to attack them. Sometimes the enemy just surrounded the city. They waited until the people inside ran out of food and water. At other times, the enemy acted quickly. The soldiers made a slope out of earth. Then they could go right up to the walls and attack the city more easily. Joab probably chose this way to show his power.
Abel was a famous city. It had many good qualities (verses 18-19). ‘A mother in *Israel’ means that it was important. And there were many smaller cities and towns round it. It was in the land that God had given to the *Israelites. In chapter 14, Joab had sent a wise woman to David. This made David change his decision. Here a wise woman spoke to Joab and her words changed his decision. Joab said that he only wanted Sheba. Joab and his army had to punish Sheba because Sheba was not loyal to David. Joab did not want to destroy the loyal city of Abel. Joab knew that the woman had given him wise advice. When Sheba was dead, Joab blew his *trumpet. This meant that the battle had finished. The men stopped attacking the city and they went home. This account shows that some women had great power in *Israel at that time.
This list of David’s officers ends this section of 2 Samuel. There is a similar list at the end of chapter 8.
The list in chapter 8 starts with David as the ruler of all *Israel. In this chapter (20), Joab’s name is first. Joab was leader of the army again. This may show that David had become weaker. And it may show that Joab had become more powerful. Today, in many countries of the world, the leader of the army is very powerful. Sometimes he is more powerful than the president or the king. Joab had saved David’s *kingdom. Joab was a confident man. He commanded the army and he was successful. But David was not happy about Joab. Joab kept murdering people but David could not punish him. David needed Joab. But David could not control him. Just before David died, he told his son Solomon to deal with Joab.
In verse 25, Sheva may be a different name for Seraiah in 8:17. In 1 Chronicles 18:16, Seraiah is called ‘Shavsha’.
In verse 24 there was a new government department. The king forced people to work for him. Samuel had warned the *Israelites about this in 1 Samuel chapter 8. However, God had made a law that the *Israelites should not be slaves to each other (Leviticus 25:39-42). Later, David’s son Solomon built the *temple. He forced the *Israelites to work for him (1 Kings 5:13-18). This caused trouble after Solomon died. As a result, *Israel and *Judah divided permanently.
David still had sons but they were not on this new list. But David had his own priest.
The story of David continues in 1 Kings 1:1.
The last 4 chapters of 2 Samuel contain extra information about David. We do not know why the writer did not include this in the main account in chapters 1-20. The events in chapters 21-24 are not in the order in which they happened. In *Old Testament days, the recorder (verses 24-25) kept accurate records of events. But the *Old Testament is more than just a history book. It is also about God and how he dealt with his people.
When the *Israelites obeyed the *Lord, he *blessed them. When they did not obey the *Lord, he did not *bless them (Leviticus 26). Sometimes the crops failed for one year. But after three years, David knew that something was wrong. The *Lord probably spoke to David by a *prophet or a priest. This was the *Lord’s punishment. Joshua chapter 9 records the story about the *Gibeonites. Joshua promised that they could live safely in *Israel. But King Saul had not *kept that promise. The Bible does not record what Saul had done. But the *Lord knew about Saul’s cruel actions. The people called Amorites lived in Canaan (Joshua 12:1-3). This was the name of the country of *Israel before the *Israelites arrived. Gibeon was near Saul’s city, called Gibeah.
Leviticus 24:17-22 says that a murderer should die. In those days, people thought that a person’s family was responsible for the *sin of that person. (Compare this with Numbers 14:18 and Jeremiah 31:29-30.) If the family did not punish the guilty person, someone could punish the family. This still happens in some societies today. The *Gibeonites could not punish Saul because he was dead. They did not want Saul’s family to pay them money. And the *Gibeonites did not want to kill anyone in *Israel except Saul’s family. But the *Gibeonites wanted to kill 7 of Saul’s sons or grandsons. This meant that they wanted to punish Saul’s family completely. (For the *Israelites, the number 7 meant that something was complete. For example, 7 days make one complete week.) David agreed with the punishment that the *Gibeonites asked for.
The *Lord used this situation to protect David from Saul’s family. David did not want to attack Saul’s family. So the *Lord arranged for the *Gibeonites to carry out this punishment. Otherwise, Saul’s family would oppose David. And they might try to plot a revolution.
David had promised to be kind to Saul’s son Jonathan and his family (1 Samuel 20:12-17). Mephibosheth was Jonathan’s only son. David *kept his promise (chapter 9).
Rizpah was Saul’s *concubine (3:7). Their son Mephibosheth (verse 8) was the uncle of Jonathan’s son who had the same name. Merab had married Adriel instead of David in 1 Samuel 18:19. Adriel’s father Barzillai was not the same man who helped David in 19:31-39.
The *Gibeonites put the men’s bodies on a hill. This showed the *Lord and the *Israelites that the punishment was complete. So the *Lord could *bless the *Israelites again. The crops had failed because there had been no rain. The *Israelites had no crops to harvest. So, verse 9 refers to the time in the year when this event usually happened. This was during the month of April. Rizpah was very sad. She protected her son’s bodies until it rained. The rain showed that the *Lord was *blessing the land again.
Some *Israelites thought that David hated King Saul’s family. Shimei accused David of this in 16:5-8. But this story shows that the *Gibeonites, not David, killed Saul’s sons and grandsons. David always gave honour to Saul and his family. But perhaps David felt guilty that
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;
2) a day’s worth of food that is ready to feed the next day/partially defrosted;
3) a day’s worth of food that you just pulled from the freezer/fully frozen and just starting to defrost.
Simply pull a meal from the freezer every time you finish feeding a currently using/fully defrosted meal, so you always have three days worth of food in various states of defrosting and ready to go without having to scramble.
IMPORTANT: After you defrost any frozen raw foods you have 2 days to feed this to your pet. When defrosting large bags or cases of things to pack-up into meals at home, you can safely re-freeze after portioning out these foods for future meals, but you should get it back into the freezer within one day of defrosting these ingredients.
TIP: If you forget to defrost a meal, and have an urgent situation due to your adorable hungry-hungry-hippo nipping at your heals or giving you that, “I’m starving!” look, here are some suggestions on how to handle:
1) Fasting opportunity! Healthy adult dogs can safely fast, with just access to clean water, for up to three days. Dogs that fast generally experience an improvement in their overall health; seizing the opportunity to work in a day of fasting here and there will prove beneficial for your dog! Cats that are overweight should never be fasted due to the possible risk of Feline Hepatic Lipidosis. However, healthy, svelte adult kitties may be safely fasted for up to 24-hours, generally, with a rather beneficial outcome and imporvement in their overall energy, digestion, and health.
Indeed, many people intentionally schedule in regular weekly fasting days as part of their feeding schedule – some people even feed according to a method called, “fast and gorge” — which is not for everyone but it is a perfectly fine way to feed your raw fed dog.
The benefits of fasting are well documented and fasting is an excellent “reboot”, recovery, and effective appetite reset for your animal’s system, and even a time-honored and very well proven natural method for healing during illness. Instead of food, spend extra time engaging with your pet doing favorite activities such as grooming, training, snuggling, playing, sunbathing, spending time in nature, or going for relaxing hikes/walks.
2) The incredible edible egg to the rescue! Either raw or cooked, and egg or two makes for a nice quick and easy meal. Drizzle with a tiny bit of healthy fat, if you’d like: a bit of pastured unsalted butter or ghee, coconut oil, pastured lard and a sprinkling of fresh or dried culinary herbs (if you want, totally optional!) makes for a delicious, nutrient dense meal. Eggs are a real saving grace for many people when nothing has been defrosted or the cupboard is bare. Truly pastured eggs have a ridiculously long shelf life, and are a great little meal in a pinch. Yes, you can feed the shell, too. Just realize that the shell is not an adequate source of calcium, unless it has been properly dried and pulverized. In its raw form, eggshells are safe and perfectly edible, but will pass through mostly undigested.
3) Fast fish meals! Individually frozen whole sardines, mackerel, anchovies, mussels, oysters or these species of canned seafood in water, olive oil, or even tomato (as a special treat). These foods make an easy quick meal for your dog (we do not suggest feeding seafood to cats). Just don’t overdo it — these are healthy, but somewhat rich, offerings. If your dog is not accustomed to eating whole fish or a meal of fish, it is best to start slowly with a small amount. Vomited fish or seafood is — as you can imagine — really gross to clean up/deal with! To avoid this smelly catastrophe, we suggest offering a small amount to see how they do first with fish fed alone as a meal. You can even divide it up into a few meals for the day until you get something defrosted.
4) Plain yogurt, raw goat milk, goat milk kefir or goat milk whey. These functional foods are kept in your refigerator for days/weeks and are totally fine to feed alone as a snack or even as a meal, in a pinch. You can find raw goat milk whey in a powdered format that can be rehydrated and served as a meal/snack.
Alternatively, (optional, not necessary) you may choose to add some extras to the raw dairy meal. For example, sprinkle a bit of organic cinnimon, add a touch of organic blackstrap molasses, a little drizzle of raw local honey, whip in a pastured egg yolk, organic turmeric powder/black pepper, organic slippery elm bark powder (for a boost in nutrients) or a bit of powdered organic ginger. Your animal will enjoy the benefits of the probiotics and enzymes found in raw milk. Yogurt, whey, and kefir all are protien rich foods. This is a great choice for any animal when you are out of food or forgot to defrost — they are also wonderful to add to any meal as part of the regular routine/menu.
5) Bone broth. This can be heated up and served warm to your pet any time. Bone broth makes for a nourishing, light, healing meal. If you have it in your freezer, you can quickly and easily heat it up from its frozen state and have a meal or nutritional snack in a few minutes for your animal. Just be sure you use a home-made broth or prepared broth that is suitable for dogs and cats — that means no onion and low-salt or salt-free.
After thawing in the refrigerator, items such as ground meat, stew meat, poultry, seafood, should remain safe and good quality for an additional day or two before using; red meat cuts (such as beef, pork or lamb roasts, chops and steaks) up to 3 days. Be aware that all bone-in cuts “go bad” far more quickly than boneless meats. For this reason, we mantain our standard reccomendation to “feed within 2-days” for all defrosted foods being fed raw to your dogs and cats.
Food thawed in the refrigerator can be refrozen without any issued for safety, although there may be some loss of quality when it comes to taste/texture after defrosted the second time around (depending on the freshness and handling of the original product).
TIP: The liquid and blood that pools up and leaks off your defrosted raw foods is source of water-soluble nutrients including TAURINE — an essential and necessary amino-acid for cats. We suggest allowing your animals to drink/lick this defrosted liquid, or to mix this liquid in with their meals so they are not missing out on these nutrients lost during defrosting.
QUICK METHOD: Cold Water Thawing
This method is faster than refrigerator thawing but requires more attention. The food must be in a leak-proof package or plastic bag. If the bag leaks, bacteria from the air or surrounding environment could be introduced into the food. Also, the meat tissue may absorb water, resulting in a watery product. The bag should be submerged in cold tap water, changing the water every 30 minutes so it continues to thaw is ideal and recommended by the USDA/FDA. For our pets, we feel ok with allowing it to defrost in cold water until ready to feed (a few hours or even overnight) *when the ambient temperature is low. If you are doing this during a heat wave, yes, please do change the water every 30-minutes. The idea is that the water needs to stay cool/cold – so check it often and decide if you need to refresh the cold water or not. Usually, living in San Francisco, we are able to let it defrost without needing to refresh the water. The frozen food acts as big ice cube and the bigger it is, the colder the water will stay. Small packages of meat, poultry or seafood — about a pound — may thaw in an hour or less. A 3-to 4-pound package may take 2 to 3 hours. For whole turkeys, estimate about 30 minutes per pound. If thawed completely, the food must be placed in the refrigerator or portioned out to re-freeze immediately.
The USDA/FDA suggest foods thawed by the cold water method should be cooked before refreezing; but we find this is not necessary for our raw fed dogs/cats. It is important to refreeze after portioning within a day or so, however.
What about? Cooking Without Thawing
[For those of you that feed cooked meals] When there is not enough time to thaw frozen foods, or you’re simply in a hurry, just remember: it is safe to cook foods from the frozen state. The cooking will take approximately 50% longer than the recommended time for fully thawed or fresh meat and poultry.
Lastly, whenever we discuss raw feeding meat to dogs and cats, it is important to remember that the health risk of bacteria from the raw meats is largely (if not exclusively) to US (the humans) not so much to our little carnivores. YES, it is true that dogs in particular and cats (in some respects) are biologically designed to handle bacteria loads in their foods without ever becoming ill — bacteria counts that would most likely pose a risk to humans are not generally an issue for most healthy raw fed pets. SFRAW makes great efforts to source only the freshest, most carefully/expertly raised, processed and handled meats/ingredients — IMO, careful sourcing from producers you know and trust and from a properly and carefully managed supply chain is the NUMBER ONE step anyone can do to secure the safety of the foods we procure. Unfortunately, careful sourcing and handling from birth to market are measures of safety that are often overlooked when you read safe food handling guidelines.
So, while dogs DO lick their butts, some eat poop and most will happily consume rotten carrion; and cats can handle some level of bacteria well, too – it is still important to handle raw meat properly in your home kitchen. I hear too often of people “pushing it” and wondering why their pet is experiencing low-grade digestive issues — once they stop leaving the food out too long, or using the same meal/food for more than 2 days, or defrosting improperly, the issues typically vanish. Perhaps a less careful method of handling would be fine for one individual dog/cat, but not suitable for another — perhaps it was ok when an individual dog/cat was younger, but not ok now that they are older -? You really never know when a pet’s immune system is stressed, and they become are more susceptible to infections; the immune system is completely dynamic. If they are very young/old, chronically ill, or new to eating raw foods — they are not as well adapted to handling bacteria loads as a long-time healthy raw fed animal may be. So, it is better to maintain safe food handling practices to ensure you don’t pose unnecessary health hazards to you our anyone in your family! Just make your food handling methods a habit – be mindful or temperatures, wash your hands and keep things clean – and enjoy in good health!1 Ocak 2024 tarihinden- yürürlüğe girecek kararın 1 Ocak 2005’ten sonra doğan Tayvan vatandaşı erkekler için geçerli olacağı açıklandı. Ayrıca zorunlu askerlik hizmeti sırasında ödenen aylık maaşın da 6 bin 510 Yeni Tayvan Doları’ndan (yaklaşık 4000 TL) 20 bin 320 Yeni Tayvan Doları’na (yaklaşık 12500 TL) çıkarılacağı belirtildi. Çin İç Savaşı’nda mağlup olan Milliyetçi Parti güçlerinin 1949’da çekildiği Tayvan, bu tarihten beri fiili bağımsızlığa sahip olsa da Pekin yönetimi Tayvan’ı kendi topraklarının bir parçası olarak görüyor.Florida's Exotic Wildlife. Species detail.
First year: 1990
Established status: Populations
are confirmed breeding and apparently self-sustaining for 10 or
more consecutive years.
Estimated Florida range: 1
county At least 10 years
Statewide trend: Unknown
Photograph by Kevin M. Enge © 2003
Threats to natives: Unknown, but
could compete for food with native lizard species and is capable of
consuming small vertebrates.
Species Account: This species is
native to Southeast Asia, where it is typically found in open sunny
spaces, especially disturbed areas (e.g., clearings around
villages), forest edges, and riverbeds. Individuals hide in heaps
of vegetation, under logs, in tree holes close to the ground, and
under loose bark (Auffenberg and Auffenberg 1991). It is a diurnal,
terrestrial lizard with a large, robust body that is bronze-brown
with a wide dark brown stripe and a series of white spots or
streaks along the sides. There is a pale dorsolateral line, and the
belly is cream colored. The lower eyelid is scaly, and the dorsal
scales have three, rarely five, keels. Breeding males have a wide
orange or reddish orange stripe on their sides (Das 2002). The
average snout-vent length for both sexes is 90 mm (3.5 in). It
primarily eats termites, grasshoppers, and beetles (Auffenberg and
Auffenberg, 1991), but it will also eat ripe fruit (Meshaka et al.
2004). It gives birth to 2-10 live young (Das 2002). At the Kampong
in Coconut Grove, Florida, individuals are most frequently observed
foraging or basking on cement walkways or in leaf litter adjacent
to piles of mulch and branches (Meshaka 1999). This species is
apparently restricted to this small (4 ha) botanical garden and the
immediate vicinity (Meshaka 1999). Meshaka (1999) suspected this
population originated from the pet trade, which purportedly imports
large numbers, primarily from Vietnam.
Habitats: Low density suburban
development, areas peripheral to core urban areas, and small
|At least 10 years
||Coconut Grove (Meshaka 1999)
Auffenberg, W., and T. Auffenberg. 1988. Resource
partitioning in a community of Philippine skinks (Sauria:
Scincidae). Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological
Das, I. 2002. A photographic guide to snakes and
other reptiles of India. Ralph Curtis Books, Sanibel Island,
Meshaka, W. E., Jr. 1999. The herpetofauna of the
Kampong. Florida Scientist 62:153-157.
Meshaka, W. E., Jr., B. P. Butterfield, and J. B.
Hauge. 2004. The exotic amphibians and reptiles of Florida.
Krieger, Melbourne, Florida. 166pp.Jewish sunset, Jewish sunrise
Is European Jewry doomed to extinction? David Goldberg predicts an upsurge of interest in the ancient faith; Vanishing Diaspora: The Jews in Europe since 1945 by Bernard Wasserstein Hamish Hamilton, pounds 20
Saturday 06 January 1996
The Biblical prophets were convinced that they were addressing generations doomed to destruction; the ancient rabbis produced their first great legal code, the Mishnah, because they feared that Jewish law would otherwise be forgotten; nearly a thousand years after them, Moses Maimonides produced his great compendium of Jewish law because he was convinced that he represented the last generation of Jewish scholarship; the 1492 exiles from Spain lamented a golden age lost for ever.
Five hundred years, several persecutions, pogroms and the Nazi Holocaust later, the Jewish people survive and fellow Jews still write their obituary notices. Recently, The Golden Chain by Norman Cantor, confidently predicted the imminent disappearance of American and European Jewry, and the State of Israel as well.
Not to be outdone, Bernard Wasserstein has produced his own melancholy lament, Vanishing Diaspora; but as befits a Brit, he is Hugh Grant diffident rather than Bruce Willis brash. Unlike Cantor's global extinction, Wasserstein merely predicts the slow but sure sunset of European Jewry.
Vanishing Diaspora is an engagingly-written survey, longer on generalisations and anecdote than on hard facts. Wasserstein's conclusions are that the demographic outlook for European Jewry is bleak, that we are witnessing the withering away of Judaism as a spiritual component in the lives of most Jews, and that there is no longer "an authentic Jewish culture in Europe". Hardly surprising, one might be inclined to retort, after two out of every three European Jews died as a result of Hitler's genocide.
There is, though, a Jewish revival of a different kind going on in eastern and central Europe today which Wasserstein overlooks. Who is a Jew? he asks, then offers in answer either the traditional rabbinic definition of a person born of a Jewish mother, which he finds too restrictive, or Jean-Paul Sartre's aphorism that a Jew is anyone whom anti-Semites take to be one, which he considers too elastic.
In fact, there is a third definition, one which accords more realistically both with the Jewish experience in Europe since the Enlightenment, and with contemporary perceptions in post-Communist societies. It is this: a Jew is someone who regards himself or herself as Jewish. That is why, in the liberal democracies of western Europe, where marriage out of the faith is as high as 50 per cent, the children of such marriages often choose to define themselves as Jewish; and why, in countries like the former Soviet Union or Czechoslovakia, where religion was banned, there has been a tremendous upsurge of interest among the young in the faith and practices of their ancestors.
In modern Europe there are other ways of being a Jew than by religion or Zionism. Wasserstein is reluctant to acknowledge this, and thereby blithely writes off the future of a people that has survived in Europe for 2,000 years by virtue of resilience and adaptability.
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that help them in night vision more effectively. Cats prefer a relaxed environment and always want a warm and cozy place to sleep. Cats’ ears have a tympanic membrane, due to which it hears even the sound with the least frequency.
What you need to know before adopting a cat
A cat is an omnivore; therefore, you can feed them with vegetables, milk, and pulses. Sometimes, cats eat small animals as well. However, it also eats rice, fish, meat, and little birds. Research shows that $500 is the total expenses to adopt a cat due to its expensive medication and food.
Prepare your home
The home is a shelter under whose roof everyone feels safe as pets. Cats go wild when they are in a joyful mood. They jump everywhere and go everywhere. If you are a pet lover and have a pet, you must first select the area where your pet should play and within that area, remove all objects with sharp identification.
Cats sleep a lot
Cats are sleepy. An average cat sleeps for almost 12 to 16 hours a day. Cats usually sleep most of the time, with a few bursts of energy between meals. However, experts also believe that cats sleep much according to their age and that cats turn into teenagers and are likely to sleep less as they become active. Some cats try to adjust their sleeping routines with the owner as they want to cooperate with humans to get food and playtime.
Cats are beautiful animals and widely adopted animals. Cats are good entertainment for children. Cats help you relieve your stress as you play with them. If you do not have a cat, you imperatively need to get one of these adorable blessings.- slide 1 of 5
Which Is the Real Deal?
Webster is an extremely well known name in American dictionaries, and at various times there has been a lot of fuss over who had the right to use the name, and whose dictionary was most directly related to Noah Webster's original dictionaries. Merriam Webster is the company who gained the rights to Webster's original dictionaries, and publicizes itself as the true heir of Webster. However, the term Webster's Dictionary is now in the public domain, and a great many dictionaries now use Webster's as part of the name of their dictionary. Recently, the Random House unabridged dictionary changed its name to Random House Webster's, and Microsoft Encarta has become Encarta Webster's dictionary.
Does It Really Matter?
All of the Webster's dictionaries available online are great choices and offer a wealth of information. Learn more about what is offered in each program to find out which is right for you.
- slide 2 of 5
Merriam-Webster Dictionary Online search allows you to freely search their Merriam-Webster's Collegiate® Dictionary, Eleventh Edition, thesaurus, Spanish-English dictionary and Medical dictionary. You can also subscribe to their unabridged dictionary, with more than 470,000 entries for $29.95, yearly, or $4.95 monthly. Access to the Encyclopedia Britannica is also available at $69.95 a year.
Selecting a word gives you the number of different definitions the word has, as well as its parts of speech, and its etymology. You click on each definition separately for its meaning, and the meaning appears below an ad. An interesting feature of Merriam-Webster's site is the ability to double-click on any word in a definition and get a pop-up defining that word. Definitions also contain hyperlinks to other words used in a definition. At the bottom of a definition, Merriam-Webster gives a link to pronunciation symbols, the hyerlink text needed to create a link to the definition you are reading, and the proper style for MLA and APA citation of the definition.
They also offer a number of free features on their site, including word for the day, some features explicitly for children, and an Open Dictionary. The Open Dictionary is an unusual feature, allowing members of the public to suggest words they think should be added to the dictionary, and the ability to search to see what other words people have proposed.
They also offer free learner's tools to improve English skills. Merriam-Webster also has a free American English Learners Dictionary for ESL, EFL, and TOEFL students.
- slide 3 of 5
Webster's New World Dictionary
Wiley now publishes the Webster's New World Dictionary, and you can search the Webster Dictionary online at YourDictionary.com.
This is the official dictionary used by the Associated Press, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, and other major newspapers.
At YourDictionary, you get definitions, spelling, thesaurus entries, pronunciation and etymology for the word you enter. They also claim to find you the best dictionaries and translation sites for French, Spanish, Italian, and many other languages. They have glossaries for specialized vocabularies.
You can add Yourdictionary search to your Google homepage or on your browser.
It offers many Language translation tools, and extensive ESL resources.
There are numerous word games online at the YourDictionary site, from expert crossword puzzles to word games for children. As well, you can find a section on writing your name in exotic alphabets. I wrote mine in Hieroglyphics.
- slide 4 of 5
Webster's Online Dictionary and Multilingual Thesaurus
Webster's Online Dictionary has the avowed goal of creating the largest online dictionary in the world, available currently in 90 modern and 10 ancestral languages. Part of its source material is also based on the 1913 Webster's Dictionary. They do not worry whether a word is slang or profanity, but do define it as such.
Noah Webster does have a online dictionary presence now.
It is certainly the most comprehensive of all the free dictionaries online. It includes the definitions for a word, the date the word was first used in popular English literature, the etymology of the word in several languages, if relevant, including the word in different root languages and specialty definitions of the word in various domains. It has additional specialty definitions of the word with context, and the word used as part of a phrase in different disciplines. It offers Abbreviations, Acronyms, Synonyms, Synonyms within context, as in a thesaurus, and a section on crosswords, where it gives words which may be used with the definition of the word you are defining. It gives the languages where the same word is used, and the meaning of the word in that language.
There is a section on modern usage, with the word used in screenplays, lyrics, and movie titles. There is a section on commercial usage, with a link to the commercial site. It also gives images of the word in photos, illustrations, and digital media, and sound files captioned with the word. There are also sections on the use of the word in both fiction and non fiction usage, spoken usage, and speeches. As well, the usage frequency of the word in the English language is provided, along with the part of speech most often used, and the percentages of other parts of speech in which the word is used. It provides expressions where the word is used and the frequency of Internet keywords using the word daily.
Modern translations of the word are provided in 40 different languages in the word I researched, along with alternative meanings in that language, as well as ancestral language translations for the word. It gives a Bible trace for the word, with the source and the word in the original edition of the Bible, and the same Bible verse given in a number of other languages. There are derivations and misspellings, along with most of the common misspellings which bring you the word as a choice in a spellchecker. There are words which rhyme with the word you selected, and anagrams using the letters in the word.
At the end, there are sections with the word used in titles for literature, art, professional photos, proper noun and trade noun usage, music, videos, and products. These last sections all contain links to where you can purchase the products, and affiliate income from these purchases help maintain the site.
Finally, it gives a Google search box with the word, and an index with links to all the sections in the word definition in the Webster's Online Dictionary.
It has instructions for putting on a search box for the dictionary on your own website.
- slide 5 of 5
Online Dictionary - Copyright Free Edition
The Online Dictionary is based on Webster's Dictionary 1913 Edition; this is a copyright free edition of the Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary Version published 1913 by the C. & G. Merriam Co. Springfield, Mass.
It also contains material from WordNet 2.0 Copyright © 2003 by Princeton University. All rights reserved. It has a Legal Dictionary in the Public Domain, material from The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (http://www.foldoc.org/), Copyright Denis Howe, distributed under the terms of GNU General Public License, a list of Acronyms: Acronyms This is a special GNU edition of V.E.R.A., a list dealing with computational acronyms. Copyright (C) 1993/2002 Oliver Heidelbach. It is released under the GNU Free Documentation License. As well, there is a Dream dictionary, with content provided by http://www.spiritualplatform.org/ and http://crackwalker.ca
Many appreciate the Online Dictionary's minimalist approach to their dictionary interface.
When you enter a word, it gives you the definitions it has for that word from any of the sources in the database. A word may provide definitions from Webster's 1913 dictionary, WordNet 2.0, and the Free Online Dictionary of Computing, among other sources. Webster's 1913 dictionary does contain pronunciation and quotations using the word. WordNet 2.0 provides synonyms. At the end of all the entries is a list of related words.
Because the basis of this dictionary is copyright free information, there are a number of modern words which are not included. The dictionary contains a link to add additional words to the dictionary, at the Online Community Dictionary. To add a word, you enter the word, the part of speech, the definition, and a sample sentence. All entries are reviewed by humans, and promotional material and external links are removed. Because of the number of modern words currently missing from the dictionary, care must be taken not to use wording taken from any copyrighted dictionary in creating definitions or in sample sentences.
Online Dictionaries: The Webster Dictionaries
There are many online dictionaries for the English language, ranging from the famous Oxford English Dictionary to others that you may never have heard of before. Here we evaluate both free and subscrition dictionaries and let you know which have the best features for your purposes.[ad_1]
ایسنا/ مرکز معاون مجلس، حقوقی و امور استان های سازمان برنامه و بودجه کشور گفت: این سازمان به دنبال ایجاد یک نهاد مالی پولی استانی و ارتقای سطح شورای برنامه ریزی استان از جایگاه توزیع منابع به اعتبار است.
دکتر. علیرضا صالح چهارم فروردین 1401 در مراسم تجلیل و معارفه رئیس سازمان برنامه و بودجه استان مرکزی، با اشاره به سیاست های دولت سیزدهم در امور استان ها، گفت: اجرای حکم به تفویض شد. استان ها اما هیچ اختیاری داده نشد و امسال باید این هیئت تفویض شود.
وی گفت: حداکثر اختیارات وزارتخانه ها به دستگاه های استان ها و اختیارات هیات وزیران به شوراهای برنامه ریزی با تلاش سازمان برنامه و بودجه کشور برای تصمیم گیری در استان ها تفویض شود. بودجه، ایجاد صندوق پیشرفت و عدالت به تصویب مجلس شورای اسلامی نرسید و مورد توجه قرار گرفت.
صالح افزود: امسال موضوع رشد 8 درصدی تا به امروز مطرح شده است که این رشد جز در 31 استان محقق نمی شود. باید جایگاه استان ها در این رشد مشخص می شد و متناسب با آن رشد و نسبت بهره وری و سرمایه گذاری مشخص می شد.
وی با بیان اینکه در رشد 8 درصدی تولید ناخالص داخلی، رشد 4.5 درصدی ناشی از افزایش سرمایه گذاری و مابقی ناشی از بهره وری عوامل تولید خواهد بود، افزود: بر اساس این موارد رشد تولید ناخالص داخلی استان ها در بحث سرمایه گذاری از طریق اعتبارات دولتی و منابع اهرمی مشخص می شود.
صالح یکی از اقدامات دنبال شده در لایحه بودجه سال 1401 را ایجاد صندوق پیشرفت و عدالت با اعتبار 2000 میلیارد تومان برای هر استان عنوان کرد و گفت: این صندوق به عنوان هیئت امنایی به ریاست رئیس جمهور در نظر گرفته شد. و در استانی که استاندار در رأس آن قرار دارد، آرزوی سالیان سال استان ها بود، اما همچنان در حال رایزنی با مجلس برای راه اندازی صندوق هستیم.
وی گفت: تلاش های زیادی در استان ها انجام می شود، اما استان ها به غیر از اعتبارات استانی بر سایر موارد و منابع اختیاری ندارند اما با کمک این صندوق می توان رویه را برعکس کرد. مازاد املاک و عواید حاصل از فروش املاک و مستغلات به همراه 2000 میلیارد تومان سرمایه اولیه وارد صندوق می شود که به این ترتیب در واقع سرمایه استان ها بوده است اما امروز استان ها مشوقی برای آنها هستند. املاک خود را نفروشند زیرا معتقدند درآمد حاصل از فروش ملک به خزانه می رود و صرف پرداخت حقوق می شود در حالی که این صندوق محلی برای ذخیره وجوه حاصل از فروش ملک خواهد بود.
معاون مجلس، حقوقی و امور استان های سازمان برنامه و بودجه کشور با اشاره به اینکه چاره ای جز واگذاری اختیار منابع در استان ها به شوراهای برنامه ریزی استان ها نداریم، افزود: 300 هزار میلیارد تومان بورس است. دارایی های این شرکت هاست و باید کمک کنیم تا مدیران توانمندی در این شرکت ها داشته باشیم. به نظر می رسد ارزش این شرکت ها و صندوق ها در استان بالغ بر هشت میلیارد تومان است و پروژه های عمرانی باید به این صندوق ها سپرده شود و صندوق پروژه ای در دل این شرکت ها ایجاد شود تا ضمن اتمام پروژه ها، مردم نیز سود خواهند برد.
وی افزود: واگذاری طرح های عمرانی که شعار واقعی دولت است می توان در استان مرکزی به صورت پایلوت آغاز کرد. ما از نظرات در مورد تدوین اساسنامه صندوق پیشرفت و عدالت برای تشکیل نهاد مالی پولی استان و ارتقای سطح جایگاه شورای برنامه ریزی استان و سطح توزیع منابع برای یک سیستم تامین مالی پایدار استقبال می کنیم.
به گزارش ایسنا، در این جلسه رقیه یادگاری پس از هفت سال ریاست سازمان برنامه و بودجه استان مرکزی برکنار و نوربخش عسگری معرفی شد.
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Source link功能：要不要我明天不干了...
使用说明：放柔了声音
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而女人要过了三十.
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主要功能：从她怀孕到此刻
软件名称：而战北城才刚刚分隔...
要流利良多了
又往前走了去
然然出产顺遂
坐到他的身边
就停住了脚步
甚么是幸福？看着孩子们满盈着那一张张笑脸
;北北终除夜了”“
往旁边一搁Stevie è una gatta cieca che è stata adottata da Patrick circa 4 anni fa in un rifugio locale. Nonostante la sua disabilità questa gatta speciale è anche un’esperta escursionista e recentemente lei, Patrick e suo fratello gemello hanno scalato il monte più alto d’Irlanda per raccogliere fondi per rifugi locali nella loro zona. Per saperne di più vai all’articolo.
Foto: Con la gatta cieca adottata scala la montagna più alta in Irlanda per aiutare i rifugi locali
08/06/2016
Immagine 1 / 15آیا دادن وام ازدواج فوری به جوانان صحت دارد ؟در ادامه جزییات خبر را بخوانیدمنابع خبری در توییتر از قطعی نشدن مبلغ وام ازدواج در سال ۱۴۰۲ خبر دادند و به بررسی میزان افزایش این تسهیلات برای جوانان در بودجه سال آینده کشور پرداختند.
یکی از نکات مهمی که همه ساله در لایحه بودجه ذکر می شود، مبلغ وام ازدواج زوجین است که به صورت موقت از لایحه بودجه ۱۴۰۲ حذف شده است علت حذف مبلغ وام ازدواج از لایحه بودجه سال ۱۴۰۲ را وزیر ورزش و جوانان اعلام کرده و گفته مبلغ وام ازدواج افزایش قابل توجهی داشته است اما چون هنوز بودجه نهایی نشده، باید منتظر اعلام مبلغ وام ازدواج بمانیم.
مبلغ وام ازدواج سال ۱۴۰۱ برای زوج زیر ۲۳ و ۲۵ سال نفری ۱۵۰ میلیون تومان بود که در مجموع می توانستند وام ۳۰۰ میلیونی دریافت کنند.وام ازدواج برای دیگر افراد ۱۲۰ میلیون تومان بود که زوجین میتوانستند در مجموع ۲۴۰ میلیون تومان وام ازدواج دریافت کنند
حالا وزیر ورزش و جوانان وعده داده که مبلغ وام ازدواج افزایش قابل توجهی خواهد داشت و برخی منابع در توییتر از احتمال وام ۲۵۰ میلیونی برای هر یک از زوجین [مرد زیر ۲۵ سال و زن زیر ۲۳ سال] خبر داده اند که البته هنوز تایید یا رد نشده است.ساکنان واشنگتن دی سی عاشق نمایشگاه "آینه های بی کران" شده اند، نمایشگاهی که طرح های خالدار، کدوها و اتاق های آینه اثر هنرمند ژاپنی، یایوئی کوساما را به نمایش گذاشته اند.
برای اولین بار در بیش از یک دهه، یک رستوران آمریکایی در نیویورک با رسیدن به رتبه اول در فهرست پنجاه رستوران برتر جهان، از سوی منتقدین غذا و رستوران داران سراسر جهان به عنوان بهترین رستوران جهان شناخته شد.
اگر شما برای تحصیل به ایالات متحده بیایید متوجه می شوید که در این فصل از سال دانشجویان دانشگاه – و همچنین بخش بزرگی از بقیه کشور – به “جنون ماه مارس،” جام قهرمانی لیگ برتر بسکتبال انجمن ملی ورزش دانشگاهی گرفتارند.
سنت های روز ولنتاین در سراسر جهان گوناگون است از رد و بدل کردن کارت ولنتاین و گل تا شام عاشقانه و مراسم جمعی ازدواج و غیره.
در سال ١٩٩٤، روز تعطیل مارتین لوتر کینگ جونیور به عنوان یک روز ملی خدمت انتخاب شد. این چه معنایی دارد؟ این ویدیو را تماشا کنید!
لباس شب
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به معنی: راه و رويه متعادل و متوازن و بينابينی است. يعنی اينکه مثلاً انسان نه ستم کند و نه ستم را بپذيرد، نه در تنگدستی زندگی کند و نه مصرفی و تجملاتی.
انبياء يکی پس از ديگری برانگيخته شده اند و متناسب با فهم و درک اقوام خود و شرايط آنها دين را تکامل دادند. در داستان انبياء در قرآن، هـمـيـشـه ثروتمندان بوده اند که عليه انبياء ايستادگـی ميکرده انـد چون دين موقعيت مالی و نفوذی آنها را تهديد می کرده است.
اسلام ـ شريعت ـ صراط مستقيم
واژه «اِسْـلام»: مصدر مزيد باب افعال است. اين مصدر از مصدرهای «سَـلامْ و سَـلامَـة» درست می شود. «سَـلامْ و سَلامَة» به مـعنی: آسيب، گزند، صدمه و آزاری نديدن است. وقتی به باب افعال می روند کارکرد «کـَيْـنُـونَـة (به معنی: رسيدن و قرار گرفـتن در نقطه ای)» وارد مضمون آنها می شود، و «اِسْـلام» به معنی: رسيدن و قـرار گرفتن در نـقـطه عدم آسيب پذيری، صدمه بينی، گزند بينی و مـواردی از اين قـبيل می شود.
بعد واژه اسلام از جمله به معنی:«واگـذار نـمودن خود يا چيزی» بکار رفته، ( که اشاره ضمنی بوده به: تضمين سلامتی و عدم آسيب بينی فـرد يا شئ در وضعيت مزبور). و هـمينطور به معنی: «خيانت کردن» بکار رفته. ( که اشاره ضمنی بوده به اينکه: فرد خود را از خطر بدر برده و خود را راحت و آسيب ناپذير کرده).
( واژه «مُــسْــلِـمْ» به معنی «مسلـمان» نيز اسم فـاعـل از همين مصدر اِسلام است که در اصل به معنی: کسی است که به نقـطه امن و آسيب ناپذير رسيده ـــ و کسيکه دين و آئين خدائی را پذيرفـته (به اعتبار ايـنکه: دين انسان را آسيب ناپذير می کند). و در قرآن «مُـسْـلِـم» به پيرو محمد، مسيح، موسی و ساير پيامبران همه اطلاق می شود).
با توجه به معنی واژه اسلام، به "مذهب" اين خاطر اسلام گـفـته شده که انسان را آسيب ناپذير می کند. يعنی: فرد با بکارگيری رهنمودهای مذهب، در دنيا و آخرت آسيب ناپذير می شود).
«اسلام» در فرهنگ و زبان مردم به دين محمد اطلاق می شود، ولی در قـرآن «اسلام» به تماميت دينی که خدا در طول تاريخ از طريق انبياء به انسان ارائه داده اطلاق می شود. يعنی اسلام شامل دين موسی و عيسی و محمد و ساير پيامبران همه می شود. در قـرآن ديـن هـر يک از انبياء: شِرْعَة، شـَريـعَـة وَمِنْهَاجا ناميده می شود:
مائده 48: « لِكُلٍّ جَعَلْنَا مِنْكُمْ شِرْعَةً وَمِنْهَاجًا (مائده 48) = برای هر کدام شِرعَت و منهاجی را قرار داديم».
جاثيه 18: « ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ ... = بعد ترا بر شريعتی از دين قرار داديم...».
شِرْعَة و شَريعت به معنی: سبک و سازمان کاری جـديـد و نوين است. از آنجا که هر يک از انبياء بنابر شـرايط دوران خـود سبک کار و آئين خاص خود را داشته اند، آئين هر يک از آنها شريعت ناميده شده است. و«مِـنـْهـاج» به "راهی گفته می شود که بجای خاصی راه می برد و به آن منتهی می شود. مانند راه دهکده، يا راهی که به چند خانه منتهی می شود. و اصطلاحاً به: رويه ها، و آئينهای شخصی، قومی و جريانی اطلاق می شود.
«شريعت و منهاجی» که هر يک از انبياء ارائه داده اند (يعـنی: رويه، مـنـش، سـبک زندگی و آئينی که هـر يک از آنها ارائه داده اند) در «صراط مـستقيم» خلاصه می شود. «صراط» در لغت به معنی: راه پهن و دراز است. و در اصلاح به «رويه، منش، مشی، رفتار و عملکرد» اطلاق می شود. (چنانکه در فارسی نيز چنين است).«مستقيم» اسم فاعـل ازمصدر استقامة است. استقامت از جمله به معنی: متوسط، ميانه، متعادل و متوازن دويدن يا کاری را انجام دادن يا بودن است. «صراط مستقيم» روی هم رفـته به معنی: رويه و خط مـشی ميانه، متعادل، متوازن، بيانبينی و مـيانه» است. يعنی مثـلاً: نه ستم کردن نه سـتم پذيرفـتن؛ نه در عـيـش و نوش و ريخت و پاش و نه در تنگدستی زندگی کردن. رويه و آئين مذهب ابراهـيمی در همه امور(سياسی، اجتماعی، اقـتصادی، فرهنگی، خوراکی، پوشش وغـيره) وضعـيت بينابينی، ميانه روانه، متعادل، متعارف و متوازن است. (اين مذهـب الـبته پيشـنهادی است برای کسانيکه ميخواهـند رستگار شوند و چيزی زوری و تحميلی در آن نيست، نه در پوشش آن و نه در موارد ديگر).A new study from the CDC has found that cat-scratch disease, a potentially serious bacterial infection, is more common than previously thought.
Did you know? That cuddle session with Cleo could be making you sick. A new study by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) found that when left untreated, more people are suffering serious complications from cat-scratch disease. Here's what you need to know.
What is cat scratch disease (CSD)?
Cat-scratch disease (or fever) is a bacterial infection that can affect humans following a scratch or bite from an infected domestic or feral cat. It can also spread when an infected cat licks a person’s open wound. The bacterial infection is passed between cats by fleas and can spread to humans, making them ill.
How can you get cat-scratch disease?
Humans risk contracting the disease when they’re bitten, scratched—and even from nuzzling a cat. According to the CDC, most cat scratches do not result in cat-scratch disease, but though the disease is rare, the study found that the number of people who are infected and become seriously ill is on the rise.
What are the symptoms? Can there be more serious complications?
According to the CDC, the symptoms of cat-scratch fever include fever; enlarged, tender lymph nodes that develop one to three weeks after the initial scratch; and the infected area may appear swollen and red with round, raised lesion that can have pus. You may also have a headache, poor appetite and exhaustion.
How do you avoid CSD? How is it treated?
The CDC recommends washing your hands after playing with a cat—even if you haven’t been bitten. If you do get scratched, immediately clean the area with soap and water and watch for any symptoms. If these do develop, see your doctor immediately. In serious cases, treatment with antibiotics may be prescribed.Revista de Saúde Pública
Print version ISSN 0034-8910
FORATTINI, Oswaldo Paulo and BRITO, Marylene de. Household water reservoirs and control of Aedes aegypti. Rev. Saúde Pública [online]. 2003, vol.37, n.5, pp. 676-677. ISSN 0034-8910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102003000500021.
Water reservoirs for domestic use are important sites for the development of Aedes aegypti. In poor areas, these reservoirs are often located outdoors upon flat rooftops. In modern architecture buildings, however, the same is seen even in high-class condominiums. Special attention should be given to these modern architectural constructions during entomological surveillance.
Keywords : Aedes; Ecology, vectors; Insect vectors; Vector control; Reservoirs; Dengue [prevention and control]; Aedes aegypti; Entomological surveillance.It looks like it’s all over bar the shouting for the chance of this year bringing on a “super” El Nino. Or is it?
The Bureau of Meteorology has brought the odds of an El Nino event down to 50 per cent, from 70 per cent. Even if it hits, most authorities are forecasting a weak to moderate event. Not that this should make seasonal weather watchers any less wary. Even a moderate El Nino can significantly affect Australia’s rainfall.
But are we right to dismiss the chances of a super El Nino this early in the season? We have been caught out before. The second-largest El Nino event on modern record, which hit in 1982-83, developed rather slowly before rapidly picking up in late August.
There have been some recent signs that the development of El Nino conditions may be picking up again, so perhaps we shouldn’t write off a strong El Nino event just yet.
A prediction for a weak El Nino does not mean a strong El Nino is not a possibility.
How do El Ninos form?
Before we go any further, we need to look at how El Ninos come about. For an El Nino to be declared, the surface waters to the east of the Pacific dateline need to be substantially warmer than normal.
Generally the eastern Pacific is a cold and dry region. For this reason the air close to the sea surface tends to create a cool, high-pressure region (colder air is more dense).
To the west of the dateline, the sea surface and atmosphere are warmer. The rising air over the western Pacific creates a low-pressure region close to the sea surface.
Figure 1: Normally, winds across the Pacific flow east to west, with cold water dominating the eastern Pacific.
Figure 2: During an El Nino, warm water spreads right across the Pacific Ocean, and the winds reverse.
Air generally moves from high-pressure regions to low-pressure regions, so this pressure difference across the Pacific drives the trade winds. The greater the difference in pressure, the stronger the trade winds, from east to west.
To develop an El Nino, changes in ocean temperatures aren’t enough by themselves. The atmosphere must respond and in turn cause changes to the pressure zones above the sea surface.
The change in atmospheric circulation then amplifies the change in ocean temperature. This is what researchers mean when they talk about positive feedback between the ocean and the atmosphere.
The index we use to measure the difference in pressure between regions, and consequently the strength of the trade winds, is the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). The precise measurement for the index is the difference in sea-level pressure between Darwin and Tahiti.
A positive index means there is a high pressure east of the dateline and low pressure west of the dateline, generating easterly trade winds.
A negative index is the reverse of this normal condition, meaning warm water and low pressure in the east and cooler water with a high pressure in the west. This negative index can reverse the direction of trade winds, creating the conditions that generate El Nino events.
These exact conditions emerged earlier this year. Instead of the normally west-flowing winds, three eastward-flowing wind events pushed heat, which was accumulating in the western Pacific, towards the east.
As a result, the amount of warm water across the Pacific Ocean – the fuel reserve for El Nino – increased rapidly, reaching a temperature just below that of the 1997-1998 Super El Nino. By May, warming of the eastern Pacific was well established. The Pacific Ocean looked primed for a potentially big El Nino.
But through June and July the waters in the central and eastern Pacific cooled – although they are still warmer than normal. This cooling was brought about by the return of strong trade winds. This led to a switch from a negative to a positive SOI in April.
At the same time, the volume of warm water across the equator decreased rapidly.
If these events persist over the next few months, we are probably on track for a very weak El Nino.
However, the latest update from NOAA indicates some anomalies have been weakening the easterly winds. The Southern Oscillation Index has changed again from positive to negative; the upper Pacific Ocean is warming, which could spread into the eastern Pacific over the coming months.
These are exactly the kinds of conditions needed to re-energise the growth of this year’s El Nino. Chaotic processes in the system can rapidly amplify this growth once the positive feedback kicks in.
Could 2014 match the strongest El Ninos?
To put the possibilities in perspective, let’s compare how the 2014 development tracks with past El Nino events. The diagram below indicates the 2014 trajectory is still within the trajectories of past El Nino events since the 1982-83 extreme El Nino.
In fact, earlier this year the evolution was closely following the development of the 1997-98 super El Nino.
Figure 3: The potential 2014 El Nino (dashed green line) closely matches the 1982 super El Nino (black line) on some variables.
Despite the slowing down of this current event, the July average temperatures are still comparable to 1982. In particular, as you can see, the SOI has also recently turned negative again – indicating a possible El Nino.
Although not as dramatic as this year, the 1982-83 event also showed a weakening in May to July. The 1982 anomalies then picked up rapidly to deliver the second-strongest El Nino in modern record.
While the current situation still favours an El Nino, could it quickly become a super El Nino like in 1982? The recent changes in temperature make it more likely, but we’ll have to keep watching to know for sure.
Link to changes in Atlantic, Indian oceans
In April, the strengthening Pacific east-to-west trade winds coincided with warmer-than-normal sea surface temperatures around Indonesia (the Indo-Pacific region) and the tropical Atlantic.
Figure 4: Sea temperatures of 2014 (top) compared with 1982 (bottom). The Indo-Pacific and Atlantic oceans in May and June were colder in 1982, favouring an El Nino.
Studies show that warmer temperatures in these oceans tend to strengthen the east-to-west trade winds – which works against the formation of El Nino. These effects are also demonstrated separately in two studies published last week in Nature Climate Change journal.
In 1982, with a building super El Nino, these regions were colder than normal. Recently, the equatorial Atlantic is no longer warm; in fact it is colder, which again makes El Nino more likely.
Figure 5: Sea temperatures in July this year show the tropical Atlantic Ocean has cooled.
Some warming still lingers around the Indian Ocean but this pattern is only forecast to last until August and to return to a neutral state in spring.
‘Significant’ El Nino still possible
While a strong El Nino is now less likely, a significant event is still possible as long as the eastern Pacific remains warm through August. This warming has the potential to overcome the effect of Indian Ocean warming, which would normally dampen the development of an El Nino.
If the eastern Pacific continues to cool while the central Pacific remains warm, we may see the development of an El Nino Modoki – a different form of El Nino with warm anomalies peaking in the central Pacific rather than in the usual east.
Regardless how this pans out over the next month, it is important to be aware that a weak El Nino can still have a significant impact on Australia. Droughts and bushfires in Australia have been severe during moderate El Nino years.
Meanwhile our colleagues in the United States could finally get some rain in the drought-stricken regions along the west coast, a situation that will no doubt be welcomed.
Agus Santoso is a senior research associate at UNSW Australia
Agus Santoso received funding from CSIRO.Il futuro di Mattia Caldara \u00e8 incerto. L'Atalanta non sarebbe sicura di riscattare il difensore, attualmente in prestito dal Milan, che ne detiene il cartellino. Possibile ritorno al Milan di Caldara in estate In questa stagione Caldara ha collezionato poche presenze, 8, di cui solo 5 in campionato, complici anche i molteplici guai fisici che il difensore ex Milan si porta dietro da tempo. Proprio per questo i nerazzurri starebbero pensando se vale la pena riscattare il giocatore, considerando tutti i rischi dovuti agli infortuni. In caso di mancato riscatto il difensore farebbe ritorno a Milanello a giugno, dove poi star\u00e0 ai rossoneri decidere se trattenerlo e puntarci una seconda volta o cederlo. Proprio al Milan \u00e8 cominciato il continuo calvario di Caldara, arrivato per 25 milioni dalla Juventus, dopo le splendide stagioni con la dea. I continui problemi fisici l'hanno costretto a stare fuori il primo anno e gran parte del secondo. Cos\u00ec per rilanciarsi nuovamente e riprendere a giocare lo stesso Caldara \u00e8 ritornato a Bergamo nello scorso mercato estivo, con la speranza che l'incubo infortuni fosse terminato. Cos\u00ec purtroppo non \u00e8 stato ma la giovane et\u00e0 che ancora possiede (27 anni a maggio) pu\u00f2 essere la chiave per ripartire nuovamente.Afterwards, in order to produce a higher quality, the Tequila is kept in white oak barrels to rest and mature, the duration of which depends on the level
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67 to form Carnegie Mellon University.
"The new processes and new powers which science will discover will in the future give man the chance to live and to live more abundantly.”
—Andrew W. Mellon at the 1937 dedication of the Mellon Institute building
Mellon Institute researchers contributed more than 4,700 papers, 1,600 patents, and various other research products from its inception in 1913 until its merger with the Carnegie Institute of Technology. The first gas mask used during World War I was developed at the Institute, and during World War II the Institute participated in the successful development of synthetic rubber. Other notable developments are described below.
George O. Curme, Jr. (1888–1976), joined the Mellon Institute in 1914 as a fellow sponsored by the Prest-O-Lite Company to study alternative routes for producing acetylene. The following year, Curme discovered a method for producing acetylene from petroleum, a by-product of which was ethylene. Although no commercial uses were known at the time, Curme recognized ethylene’s potential as a starting material for a wealth of organic compounds.
Prest-O-Lite was absorbed by the Union Carbide and Carbon Company in 1917, and the fellowship program continued. In 1920 Curme left the Mellon Institute to lead research into commercial uses for the byproducts of petroleum processing at the newly formed Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Corporation of Union Carbide. The company opened an ethylene glycol antifreeze production facility in 1925, launching an important branch of the petrochemical industry. Since then, ethylene and its related offshoots have become some of the most widely used chemicals in the world.
Pittsburgh’s economic role as a center of industry—particularly coal and steel industries—at the turn of the 20th century came with a significant downside: Rampant air pollution led to the city being described as “the Smoky City.”
The Mellon Institute performed early and influential scientific investigations into air pollution, beginning with the Mellon Institute Smoke Investigation between 1911 and 1914. Subsequent studies on smoke abatement and particulates continued into the 1940s. These studies established connections between air pollution and public health and played an important role in the study and promotion of Pittsburgh-area environmental improvements in the 20th century.
Under a fellowship sponsored by the Macbeth-Evans Glass Company in the early 1930s, Rob McGregor (1892–1965), John Speier (1918–2003), Earl Warrick (1911–2002), and others investigated the use of silicates as adhesives for glass blocks. The fellowship continued after the company’s purchase by the Corning Glass Works in 1936, and the qualities of materials being produced from silicates were so promising that, in 1943, Corning and The Dow Chemical Company established the Dow Corning Corporation to jointly pursue research in the development and manufacture of organosilicones.
McGregor, Speier, and Warrick left Pittsburgh for Dow Corning’s laboratories in Midland, Michigan, but the company continued to support a team of Mellon fellows investigating potential uses for organosilicones. Their discoveries produced electrical insulating materials used in WWII aircraft and submarines, rubber-like materials from silicone, and various other silicone polymers with assorted uses.
"From the beginning, the objective of the Institute has been for the benefit of humanity, to create new products, to cut costs, to increase employment and to help raise the standard of living. We have established many new industries, thousands of new products, and placed 229 of our people in management positions in industry...”
—Edward R. Weidlein at the 50th anniversary of the Mellon Institute in 1963
The American Chemical Society dedicated the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research as a National Historic Chemical Landmark at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on March 28, 2013. The text of the plaque commemorating the development reads
The Mellon Institute of Industrial Research was established in 1913 by Andrew W. and Richard B. Mellon to conduct comprehensive scientific investigations that would serve industry and benefit mankind through the development of industry. The Institute provided research services from its inception through World War II, at a time when relatively few manufacturers operated research laboratories of their own. Hundreds of scientists were trained in fundamental and applied research, many of whom went on to careers in industrial research and development, and companies such as Dow Corning Corporation and the chemical division of Union Carbide Corporation were founded on research performed at the Institute. Located in this building since 1937, the Mellon Institute merged with the Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1967 to form Carnegie Mellon University.
Adapted for the internet from “Mellon Institute of Industrial Research,” produced by the National Historic Chemical Landmarks program of the American Chemical Society in 2013.
- Mellon Institute National Historic Chemical Landmark (Carnegie Mellon University)
- George O. Curme (Chemical Heritage Foundation)
- Highlights from the history of Dow Corning Corporation, the silicon pioneer (Dow Corning Corporation)
- Union Carbide Corporation History (Union Carbide Corporation)
Cite this page
American Chemical Society National Historic Chemical Landmarks. Mellon Institute of Industrial Research. http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/mellon-institute.html (accessed Month Day, Year).Using Textual Evidences to Gather Perspectives about The Trail of Tears
Lesson 4 of 11
Objective: SWBAT determine point of view and analyze how conflicting evidence or viewpoints impact the mood of a text.
What’s my perspective on the Trail of Tears? At the start of this lesson, students have been learning about the Trail of Tears through lessons in Social Studies class, a novel, and informational text. With information overload about the Cherokee Indian Removal, time has come for students to express their emotions about this historical event.
It is time to hook students! Students will answer the following prompt in their notebooks
In your own words, what does perspective mean?
The denotation of the word “perspective” is a particular attitude or point of view regarding something. Possible answers I expect to hear from students include new look on life, view point about something, ranges of opinion or scope of things, etc.
Students can look at the connotations of the word and use the associations of view, attitude, outlook, and sight to define how they will express their reaction to the Trail of Tears. It is important that students understand perspective so that it can bring their opinions about the Trail of Tears to alive.
There are many ways that students will begin to formulate a perspective about the Trail of Tears. In this The Trail of Tears - Robert Lindneux image students will look to the left, right, and middle of the photo to develop a list of emotions that are provoked by the still image. As students work, I will walk around the room to see what similarities and differences are seen among students' responses in their notebooks. This quick glance will allow me to call on certain students to share how they felt about the historical event of the photo.
Possible emotions students may record include sadness, compassion, sympathy, etc. I don't allow students time to share why certain emotions were chosen in this activity because I want students to interact with other resources to develop their lasting perspective of the Trail of Tears before they share.
Students will work in groups to develop their final perspective on the Trail of Tears. In order to gain more information about this historic event, the following articles will be given for students to read: Gen. Scott's Address to Indians, Map of Trail,and Historical Background for Trail of Tears. While reading primary and secondary information, students will work through the length and challenging vocabulary to comprehend the claims of each speaker. I will serve as support for students who have questions about the information presented in each document.
It is important that students fill out the What, When, Where and Why organizer as they are reading each document. Because students are looking at longer lengths of text, the graphic organizer will serve as a visual to help students organize the most essential points in each document.
The final product that groups will develop is a perspective poster on their view of The Trail of Tears. Students will have one class period to read over the material and complete the graphic organizer. On the second day of class, students will follow the Poster Template to create a poster to present to their peers. Watch the Trail of Tears Perspective Poster to see how posters can be made by student groups in the classroom.
Students will spend the next day of class presenting their posters. A Perspective Poster On Trail of Tears - Rubric is used to grade the project and presentation given by the group member on their poster. I will spend this time going over the expectations of the presentation and what will be required on the poster.The United States Supreme Court in 2013 struck down section 4 of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, this week it stuck down two North Carolina Congressional Districts because they were packed with too many Black voters. The first ruling created a huge void that only Congress can fill, the second ruling is a reflection of what’s going to keep happening to Congressional Districts until Congress fills the void.
There was great dismay when the Supreme Court voted 5–4 to strike down Section 4 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Section 4 was the formula used to determine which State’s required Federal approval or pre-clearance before making any changes that affected voting. The majority’s reasoning was that Congress was deciding which State’s required pre-clearance based on old 1975 data. The Justice’s said Congress had to use current data to make the determination.
In this week’s ruling striking down two of North Carolina’s Congressional Districts the Court said race was used excessively. North Carolina’s Republican controlled Legislature drew lines packing black voters into two districts thus diluting their votes in the rest of the state. The offense was so blatant that conservative Justice Clarence Thomas was the fifth vote of the 5–4 majority.
Both these rulings are indicators to Congress that they need to step up and get busy revamping the 1965 Voting Rights Act. The revamp should include the following 3 important additions.
- The Federal Government should draw its own lines
Every 10 years each state draws their Congressional and State Legislative districts using the latest Census data. A revamped Voting Rights Act should mandate the Federal Government draw its own lines for all 435 U.S. House seats, the states would continue to draw all other lines that they currently draw.
Instead of politicians drawing the district lines for House seats that advantage their political party, a group of professionals would draw lines based on the Voting Rights Act, population equality and geographic continuity. No more gerrymandered districts for political party control. The current political climate of one political party denying 89% of American citizens their desire for a law requiring background checks for gun buyers, would disappear. Those elected to the House would be a truer reflection of the voters desires.
2) Change Election Day law
Currently Election Day for federal officials is statutorily set as “the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November” or “the first Tuesday after November 1”. The earliest possible date is November 2, and the latest possible date is November 8 as it was for the 2016 election. The law should be changed so that either Election Day is a federal holiday or federal elections occur over the 2 day weekend.
States would be free to continue to hold their elections at the same time as federal elections or at a time of their own choosing. Either the holiday or weekend option open up the possibility for increased voter participation.
3)1975 Pre-Clearance data should be updated
While their solution of striking down Section 4 was extreme, the Court was correct that the 1975 data used for determining which States have to submit to pre-clearance should be updated. Assuming that all the southern pre-clearance States are the same as in 1975 overlooks the progress brought about by both the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act. Assuming that no voting rights are violated in northern States denies present day realities. Current data will reflect the truth in both northern and southern States.
Our great American democracy is built on the one person one vote principle. Congress has to step up do the right thing by revamping and modernizing the Voting Rights Act for the 21st century. There’s still racial voting discrimination we need to fight, but more and more we need the Voting Rights Act to fight political party voting discrimination!
Isaac Newton Farris Jr. is the nephew of Martin Luther King, Jr. and serves as Senior Fellow at the King Center. Growing up in one of the most socially and politically active families has given him a unique perspective into current events. Drop by his blog for straight talk free of one-sided political spin.University of Toronto
RSM100 Test 2
2/16/2011 RSM Chapter 7 Summary
The specification of the jobs to be done within a business and how those jobs relate to one other.
Illustrates the companys structure and show employees where they fit into the firms operations.
Chain of demand
The reporting relationships within the company.
The Building blocks of Organization Structure
The process of identifying the specific jobs that need to be done and designating the people who
will perform them.
Determining who will do what
individual jobs can be performed more efficiently, the jobs are easier to learn, and it is easier to
replace people who leave the organization.
On the other hand, if job specialization is carried too far, jobs become too narrowly defined, people
get bored, derive less satisfaction.
The process of grouping jobs into logical units.
Determining how people performing certain tasks can best be grouped together.
A separate company unit responsible for its own costs and profits.
i.e by assessing profits from sales of mens clothing to decide whether to expand or curtail
promotion in that area.
Departmentalization according to functions or activities.
i.e. production department, marketing and sales, human resource.
www.notesolution.com Departmentalization according to the types of customers likely to buy a given product.
i.e. classic music department, R&B department
Dividing an organization according to the specific product or service being created
According to the area of the country or world supplied.
According to the production process used to create a good or service.
Establishing the Decision Making Hierarchy
1) Assigning tasks
determining who can make decisions and specifying how they should be made.
Authority: the power to make the decisions necessary to complete the task.
Responsibility: the duty to perform an assigned task.
2) Performing tasks
implementing decisions that have been made.
Delegation: assignment of a task, a responsibility, or authority by a manager to a
Accountability: liability of subordinates for accomplishing tasks assigned by
3) Distributing authority
determining whether the organization is to be centralized or decentralized.
Centralized organization: Top managers retain most decision-making rights for
Decentralized organization: lower-and middle-level managers are allowed to
make significant decisions.
Flat organization structure: an organization with relatively few layers of
Tall organizational structure: an organization with many layers of management.
Span of control: the number of people managed by one manager.
Downsizing: the planned reduction in the scope of an organizations activity. It
usually means cutting substantial numbers of managers and workers and
reducing the number and variety of products.
www.notesolution.com creating a flatter corporate structure.
end up with larger spans of control
3 Forms of Authority
1) Line Authority
Authority that flows up and down the chain of command.
Line department: departments directly linked to the production and sales of specific
products. (if any line department fail to complete its task, the company cannot sell
and deliver finished goods.)
2) Staff Authority
Based on technical expertise and involves advising line managers about decisions.
Including specialists in areas such as law, engineering, accounting, HR.
Staff members help line departments in making decisions but do not generally have the
authority to make final decisions
3) Committee and team authority
Authority granted to committees or work teams that play central roles in the firms
Basic organizational structures
The various units in the organization are formed based on the functions that must be carried out
to reach organizational goals.
Makes use of departmentalization by function.
Divides the organization into several divisions, each of which operates as a semi-autonomous unit
and profit center.
i.e. Division based on consumer products, industrial product, health care product.
1) the company can evaluate the performance of each division independently.
2) The firm can take actions (like selling unprofitable divisions) within minimal disruption
to its remaining business.Like what you saw?
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Components of a Force - Concept
PhD. in Mathematics
Norm was 4th at the 2004 USA Weightlifting Nationals! He still trains and competes occasionally, despite his busy schedule.
In order to understand the significance of a force vector we must understand the components of force. The components of a force can be seen with horizontal and vertical change when looking at the geometric representation or as the numbers in the algebraic representation. The components of a force represent the combined vertical and horizontal forces that combine to make the resultant force.
I want to talk about components of a vector. Components are two vectors that add up to the given vector which are perpendicular to each other so let's start with an example.
Here's a say a force vector, I can draw two components which are two other vectors that add up to my force f so these two work right I'm drawing them from head to tail so you can see they add up to force f and they're perpendicular so those are the only two requirements for vectors to be components let's call this vector a and this one b so we see that a+b=f so that's the one requirement for components. The two components have to add up to the original vector and the other one is that the two are perpendicular a and b are perpendicular, sometimes called orthogonal when you're talking about vectors. Okay, but one of the things that we're going to need to be able to do is to find horizontal and vertical components, so those are very specific components and of course when you, you're guaranteed to get components if you take a horizontal and vertical vector that add up to your original vector f so let's call this one h and this one v it's clear here that h plus v also equals f right in both of these pictures these are the same forces but you can see that I have two different sets of components here and then h and v are of course perpendicular, so again two the two requirements for components are that the vectors add up to your original vector f and that they're perpendicular to each other we've been finding components in this lesson.
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۴۲۰۰ تومانی به کالاهای اساسی و دارو نظارت کنند و گزارش آن را به کمیسیون بودجه مجلس ارائه کنند تا در سال آینده شاهد توزیع کالا با این ارز باشیم و از تورم و افزایش قیمت جلوگیری شود.
زارع یادآور شد: براساس پیشنهاد دولت و تصویب این کمیسیون، سهم صندوق توسعه ملی تا سقف فروش یک میلیون بشکه نفت در روز، ۲۰ درصد و در صورت فروش بیشتر از این میزان در روز، سهم صندوق ۳۸ درصد خواهد بود.
نماینده مردم آباده اضافه کرد: مبلغ مابه التفاوت ۱۸ درصد و ۲۰ درصد هم به عنوان بدهی و استقراض دولت از صندوق توسعه ملی برای آینده محسوب می شود.
سخنگوی کمیسیون تلفیق تاکید کرد: همچنین به موجب مصوبه کمیسیون تلفیق، منابع حاصل از مازاد فروش بیش از ۱.۵ میلیون بشکه نفت در روز برای طرح های تملک دارایی سرمایه و توسعه زیرساخت های آموزشی و دانشگاهی، حمل و نقل عمومی، تولید، دولت الکترونیک، سلامت، حفظ محیط زیست، آب و فاضلاب، بافت فرسوده، بازآفرینی شهری و تحقیقات بخش کشاورزی به ویژه در حوزه دانش بنیان هزینه خواهد شد.
زارع در ادامه گفت: اگر میزان ارز تخصیصی به کالاهای اساسی و دارو با نرخ روز ارز محاسبه شود، منابع مالی برای کنترل قیمت کالاهایی مانند روغن، مرغ، تخم مرغ، گوشت و دارو در اختیار دولت قرار میگیرد، تا نرخ کالاها را در سال آینده نسبت به امسال ثابت نگاه دارد و شاهد افزایش قیمت این کالاها نباشیم.
نماینده مردم آباده در مجلس به مصوبه دیگر کمیسیون تلفیق برای کنترل نرخ ارز اشاره کرد و گفت: دولت نرخ ارز را در لایحه اصلاحی بودجه به نرخ ETS محاسبه کرده بود، اما براساس مصوبه تلفیق، ما به دولت اجازه دادیم که حداکثر تا ۲ درصد زیر نرخ ETS محاسبه کند تا بتواند به این طریق، بازار ارز را در کشور کنترل کند.
وی همچنین گفت: کمیسیون تلفیق در مصوبات قبلی خود مبلغ ۲ هزار میلیارد تومان برای گازرسانی در سال آینده در نظر گرفته بود که دولت در لایحه اصلاحی بودجه این مبلغ را به یک هزار و ۵۰۰ میلیارد تومان کاهش داده، اما به موجب مصوبه امروز همان ۲ هزار میلیارد تومان سهم گازرسانی برای پروژه های نیمه تمام در روستاها، شهرها، مناطق نفت خیر و مناطق کوهستانی و صعب العبور در نظر گرفته شد.
سخنگوی کمیسیون تلفیق لایحه بودجه ١۴٠٠ اضافه کرد: هزینه گازرسانی به مدارس، مساجد و کلانتری ها در همان مناطق گازرسانی شده در سال آینده مجانی محاسبه می شود، همچنین به منظور بهسازی مناطق آسیب دیده هم ۵۰۰ میلیارد تومان در اختیار بنیاد مسکن قرار خواهد گرفت.
انتهای پیامGovernment that ruled the Ottoman Empire, present-day Turkey, in the early 20th century. Leaders Talaat Pasha, Enver Paasha and Jamal Pasha proclaimed the Empire in 1908. Responsible for the Armenian Genocide, in which 1.5 million Armenians were slaughtered. The Young Turk government considered the Christian Armenians pro-Russian and therefore a threat to the state (this was during World War I; the Ottomans were at war with the Russians). The Young Turks and The Ottoman Empire collapsed in 1923 when Ataturk founded the republic of Turkey.研究员发现了针澳门网上娱乐赌场对和链球菌的新型抗病毒药物
定制铃声（95％/ 100％）：这个接近于确定有。
这两个团体共同承担着共同的公共卫生使命，并共同努力解决严重问题。“巴洛克艺术主题：静物画和风俗画”以花卉和风景等主题为特色。
但是，在酒店，航空公司和餐馆遭到拒绝的塑料货币旅行者分享的太多经历导致了另一种不安全感。作者证明了在药物筛选过程中使用这些染料检测细胞死亡的能力，该文章“评估不透明，结合染料荧光作为高通量筛选格式的真核细胞毒性的实时读数。
这对夫妇已经订婚了一年，她在三月生下了一个儿子.29岁的卡西拉吉是摩纳哥执政的主权者阿尔贝二世亲王的侄子，他在2011年与南非结婚时结束了几十年的单身生活。
有证据表明，上环在资源匮乏的环境中是可行的。他说：??无论如何，我的问题是：我刚刚毕业于电影学院，我正在努力帮助我的职业生涯。
2010年10月28日， ，，一家致力于为生命科学市场提供特种试剂和解决方案的私营公司，今天宣布公司将开始销售和分销三种不同的无动物成分产品：血清替代品，冷冻保存和临床病理介质，以前以?名称销售：-?血清替代细胞培养基，-?冷冻保存培养基，以及-?运输培养基。由于血管形状所施加的血流模式，动脉粥样硬化优先发生在动脉的分支或弯曲区域。
该??公司还在内部进行了重组，以便在产品开发过程中将互操作性和标准合规性作为更高优先级。
是一个诚实的小城镇警察，有强制性的女孩在旁边，但他的主要工作是面对大而坏的腐败网。 表示，芯片对服务器任务的积极看法是这项工作的良好基础。这包括食品成分的配方，最终影响健康结果的饮食相互作用，食品政策和食品生产实践.创始董事教授说：“我们在采取的方法之一是为了了解我们如何修改孕前，孕期和早期营澳门网上娱乐赌场养和生活方式等因素，以促进健康和预防疾病，尤其是肥胖和糖尿病等非传染性疾病。
临床开发总裁兼的医疗事务。
发现旅行＆; ; 将于2月26日发行一部关于 的10部分剧集，该系列将深入探讨超级明星的私人和独家世界。当一个女人表达愤怒时，她变得不受欢迎：这个概念认为这不是一个好女孩的表现。
在升级这两个组件之前，我确实有“”声音。既然你很关心，你的思想就更容易采取行动了。 的 让粉丝们非常兴奋，特别是在其预告片发布之后。
所以有很多设计师，有很多品牌，标志着上面提到的和手机，但也有聪明的背叛，强壮的女孩/男人团伙，挂机和闲逛，以及制作的线条我，那句话是什么，大声笑。
这是我们的发表的重要研究报告。与血液亚油酸水平较高的人群相比，心血管疾病导致死亡的风险降低，增加了之前的研究结果，这表明亚油酸摄入量较高，血液亚油酸水平较高可以降低心血管疾病和2型糖尿病的风险。
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相关文章：详细说明
详细说明
1．高速变频离心机启动时是手动缓慢启动对滑动轴承和转鼓的摩擦起到很好地保护，还有对高速轮的高速轴承也起到了很好地保护和延长对易损件的使用寿命
2.变频离心机是根据分离物料要求，利用变频器调节电流频率实现不同转数，不同的离心力分离的效果也是不同。
3.管式变频离心机特点：通过本机对液体中的杂质分离，根据手动定速达到澄清的效果。用于分离各种难于分离的悬浮液。
例如，动植物提取液、发酵液，各种中药液体、膏剂除渣，苹果酸，各种口服液，北豆根澄清;石墨澄清，各种油漆、机油、柴油、煤焦油、润滑油等除渣，各种发酵液、蛋白、茵体的分离和浓缩，阿胶提纯。
主要用途
4、变频管式离心机主要用于分离各种难于分离的悬浮液，将悬浮液中的絮状物及微小固体颗粒分离出来，特别适合于中试浓度低、粘度大、固相颗粒细、固液比重度差较小的使离心力大小把固液分离，达到分离的工艺要求。
- 用户zh***ge向用户ly***an发送了一条询价
- 用户de***18向用户pi***88发送了一条询价
- 用户21***00向用户cy***yf发送了一条询价【环球网军事报道】7月16日，日本陆上自卫队在其社交媒体平台上公布了一组其V-22“鱼鹰”倾转旋翼机的新照片。据称，目前约有20名陆上自卫队人员正在美国接受相关培训。近期，他们在北卡罗来纳州杰克逊维尔的海军陆战队基地进行了“鱼鹰”编队飞行训练。
据报道，2014年11月21日，日本防务省正式决定采购17架V-22倾转旋翼机，计划从2014财年到2019财年交付。然而，原定于2018年秋季交付的陆上自卫队的“鱼鹰”却因为日本自身原因推迟交付，因此陆自选择派出人员前往美国进行相关训练。
V-22“鱼鹰”倾转旋翼机是由美国贝尔公司和波音公司联合设计制造的。这款倾转旋翼机具备直升机的垂直起降能力，但又有固定翼螺旋桨飞机高速、航程远及油耗低的优点，时速高达500公里。日本采购17架V-22共花费30亿美元，相当于每架1.76亿美元。
日本采购“鱼鹰”的目的是为了装备其日本版“海上陆战队”的水陆机动团。该团是日本战后组建的一支以专精两栖作战和负责夺岛任务的进攻性部队。由于“鱼鹰”作为该团未来的主力装备，其交付仍然存在困难，这势必也将影响日本打造“水陆机动团”的计划。لطفا برای ارسال فایل آثار جهت فروش به نکات زیر توجه کنید:
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در صورتیکه علاقمند به همکاری در زمینه ی عکس هستید، توجه داشته باشید که آثار شما حتما باید در قالب یک مجموعه ی واحد به همراه بیانیه ی مجموعه (statement) ارسال گردد.
* دقت داشته باشید که حجم فایل ارسالی بیش از ۵ مگابایت نباشد. عدم رعایت هریک از موارد امکان بررسی پروندهی شما را دچار اخلال خواهد کرد. خواهشمندیم جهت بهبود روند بررسی به همهی موارد توجه کامل داشته باشید.هشدار وزیر به بانک ها / حق دریافت سود بالاتر از ضوابط بانک مرکزی را ندارید
اقتصادی رکنا: وزیراقتصاد به رئیس کل بانک مرکزی دستور داد تا گلایه های تولیدکنندگان، از برخی بانک های خصوصی که خارج از سقف تعیین شده سود بانکی دریافت می کنند را بررسی و با خاطیان برخورد جدی کند.
هشدار وزیر به بانک ها / حق دریافت سود بالاتر از ضوابط بانک مرکزی را ندارید
به گزارش رکنا، فرهاد دژپسند ظهر پنجشنبه که برای بازدید از چند واحد تولیدی و صنعتی در شهرک صنعتی فاز یک امامزاده عبدالله شهرستان آمل سفر کرده بود، در جمع تعدادی از تولیدکنندگان این شهرک حاضر شد و گفت: همه بانکها، چه دولتی و یا خصوصی، موظف به رعایت ضوابط و دستورالعمل های ابلاغی از سوی بانک مرکزی هستند و خارج از این چارچوب اگر مواردی مشاهده شود، تخلف محسوب و قاطعانه با مدیران بانک های خصوصی برخورد خواهد شد. وی در پاسخ به درخواست پیگیری از تولیدکنندگان آملی مبنی بر دریافت افزایش نرخ تسهیلات بانکی از سوی بانک های خصوصی در مازندران گفت: نمونه هایی از بانک های خصوصی در مازندران که خارج از ضوابط نرخ های مصوب سالانه بانک مرکزی سود بیشتری دریافت کردند، به صورت مکتوب به اداره کل امور اقتصادی و دارایی استان اعلام تا ویژه بررسی شود. مشاوران مالیاتی برای واحدهای تولیدی وزیر اقتصاد و دارایی همچنین از صاحبان واحدهای تولیدی و صنعتی درخواست کرد که در حوزه بهبود عملکرد مالیاتی، هر واحد تولیدی با در اختیار گرفتن "مشاور مالیاتی امین" از برخی فشارها و مشکلاتی که همواره با آن مواجه هستند، کمتر شود. دژپسند ادامه داد: البته دستورالعمل های جدید سازمان امور مالیاتی کشور که اخیراً معرفی کرده به گونه ای است که کمتر به مودیان مالیاتی فشار وارد شود. مازندران همچنان محروم در توسعه واحدهای بزرگ صنعتی وزیر اقتصاد و دارایی، همچنین از ظرفیت های ایجاد شده واحدهای تولیدی و صنعتی در شهرک صنعتی امامزاده عبدالله آمل که به طور کامل با سرمایه گذاری بخش خصوصی ایجاد شده را یک نمونه و الگوی موفق در راستای تولید در کشور بیان کرد و گفت: فعالیت های شرکت های خصوصی آمل نقطه قوتی برای کمک به دولت و فعالیت های صادراتی و ارزآوری است. دژپسند، همچنین در خصوص بیان مشکل یکی از تولیدکنندگان در خصوص اعطای تسهیلات بیشتر برای ایجاد واحدهای بزرگ صنعتی و توسعه ای در سطح استان، پاسخ داد: متأسفانه مازندران همچنان در توسعه صنایع بزرگ مادر به لحاظ ویژگی خاص استان دیده نشده و محروم مانده و به همین خاطر پرداخت تسهیلات چند صد میلیارد تومانی از سوی تولیدکنندگان و سرمایه گذاران استان با سختی های خاصی مواجه است که ان شاالله این رویه اصلاح خواهد شد. در این نشست صاحبان واحدهای تولیدی و صنعتی آمل مشکلات خود را در زمینه افزایش نرخ تسهیلات بانکی از سوی بانک های خصوصی، سلیقه ای عمل کردن مدیران برخی بانکها با تولیدکنندگان و سرمایه گذاران بخش خصوصی در ایجاد و حمایت از طرح های توسعه ای، سرمایه در گردش و افزایش هزینه مواد اولیه تولید بیان کردند.آخرین قیمت های بازار ایران را اینجا کلیک کنید.日内瓦/太子港，2011年1月7日 – 联合国儿童基金会今天表示，去年1月12日海地发生灾难性地震摇撼了儿童脆弱的生命；而一年之后，400万海地儿童仍然在获取基本饮用水、卫生设施、医疗保健和教育服务，以及在保护儿童免受疾病、剥削、卫生条件差的威胁方面，继续忍受着不公平待遇。
今天，包括大约38万儿童在内的100多万人仍旧生活在拥挤的避难营地里。海地和国际社会的救援和灾后恢复工作已经取得了不同凡响的成绩。然而，在今天为纪念地震一周年发表的报告《海地儿�
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）。因此，即使在破碎或陡峭的地形上，LAV也是一个非常快速的车辆。在硬表面道路上的速度可达62mph/99.8kph，而lav可以以6mph/9.6kph的速度游泳平静的水体。装甲防护可被描述为"基本的，"，这意味着虽然它可以阻止来自重型机枪和轻型大炮的炮弹碎片和火灾，它很可能不会从反坦克导弹或MBT炮手中幸存下来。另一方面，斯拉夫的机动性和机动性使它能够远离一切，而是攻击直升机或飞机。对死者的严格判断。任何罪恶都不会不受惩罚。“从何而来”拉达马丁表明缺乏灵活性。“你做了什么叫他走开？“““在与波士顿勇士队的系列赛第一场比赛中，我和比尔登而不是鲍勃·莱蒙一起去了。我们输了一场。很显然，他玩得很尽兴。”
他的耳朵里有一种很高、很薄、很有规律的声音，他意识到那是雪佛兰，哭着。然后他就起来了，把方丹律师的Kombinat枪的牛奶盒鼻子塞到玻璃门的正方形洞底部，他想，这两个按钮中的一个一定是安全的。第5册帝国女王保罗·戴维斯和荷蕾丝·戴维斯更新：11.XI.2006###############################################################################反叛联盟卢克天行者肯蓝道·卡利森鲍伊莉亚公主汉索洛参见-Threepio(C-3P0)范达尔帝国奥库鲁斯希萨元帅赫特族·洛霸大马夫口哨最高先知卡丹Emdee-5(MD-5)蒂博尔特里洛普资料来源：IRC上传：18.IX.2006冒险继续……那是一个黑暗的时代，一个邪恶帝国统治银河系的时代。当帝国试图粉碎所有反抗者时，恐惧和恐怖遍布每个星球和月球，但是叛军联盟仍然幸存下来。联盟参议院的总部位于雅文四月雨林中隐藏的一群古庙中。他对卢·布德罗说：“让我和犹太人领袖谈谈。”二十九“你肯定你会骑车吗？“Ezio问她。“你救我的时候，我骑马从城堡出来，不是吗？“““对，但那时别无选择。”““现在还有选择吗？““埃齐奥沉默了。第二天早上，埃齐奥看着凯瑟琳娜和她的两个女服务员收拾起克劳迪娅为旅行准备的几件衣服和食物。她将在第二天黎明前离开。
一小队埃齐奥的手下陪同她一起骑行，为了安全地送她出罗马。埃齐奥主动提出加入他们，但这位卡特琳娜拒绝了。“我不喜欢再见，“她说。“他们越是疲惫不堪，越糟。”“他看着她忙着收拾行李。塔什能听到轻柔的脚步声向他们走来。她想象着从丹尼克的脸颊上扭出来的细卷须，颤抖着。“另一条隧道的尽头有一扇秘密的门。也许这里也有一个！““她开始敲打墙壁。扎克加入了，他们一起用双拳猛击金属墙。
米拉的嘴唇紧贴着他的脖子，越过亚当的苹果，他感到一阵轻微的抽吸。疼痛退去；还有，同样，被带走了。他的话被删掉了。她把它们拉出来，吞下去，他再也说不出来了。描述不是的事物的词，那个身着黑陛下的蜘蛛女巫是绝对不会允许的。如果，索兰卡疯狂地猜测，她在发泄他的愤怒吗？要是她最渴望得到他最害怕的东西，地精内心的愤怒？因为她也被愤怒所驱使，他知道，被她隐藏的需要的狂暴的急迫的愤怒。嘘，她说，用手指交叉着嘴唇嘘，精密路径指示器，不。那时什么都没发生，现在也没发生。她第二次使用这个有罪的昵称有了新的发现，向它恳求质量。她需要这个，需要他允许。这只蜘蛛被她自己的嗜死网缠住了，依靠像索兰卡这样的男人来抚养她的爱人，从死里慢慢地走出来。感谢上帝，上帝不存在，我没有女儿，马利克·索兰卡想。
练习总是关于我们经历过自己和我们的生活的方式，或者是Jason提出的，"在你清理你的头之前，你必须知道首先是什么东西漂浮在它周围。”...但他得到了这一点....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................我们把自己看作是一件衣服和头发和化妆品的包装，而不是把自己当作生活在身体里的人。我没有得到这种区分，但我确实得到了恐慌。”所述点是,"森说，"大多数人都害怕别人对你的身体的反对。”和在我们通过那之后，Jason告诉我们，"下面是你自己不赞成你的身体。他的牦牛死了，在小路上；他一想到要弥合这么大的分歧，就吓坏了，进入杀戮的雪原。对于高贵的牦牛来说，在耻辱面前死亡并不是一个未知的概念。科尔曼尝试过几种简单的方法，具体的，以及拯救皇家野兽的主权补救措施：用油煮蟾蜍的酒帮助降低发烧；冬青叶与蜂蜜混合，在烤箱中烧成灰烬，然后渲成糖浆；强行喂食活的蜥蜴舌头，一饮而尽（非常困难，因为牦牛完全死了；丹宁茶；用马鞭草制成的茶。完全没有帮助。那只牦牛死了。科尔曼正在杀戮的冰原上行进。مایکرواستراتژی ۱۵۰ میلیون دلار بیت کوین دیگر خریداری کرده است
بر اساس پرونده موجود در کمیسیون بورس و اوراق بهادار آمریکا، شرکت مایکرواستراتژی (MicroStrategy) باقیمانده وام خود از بانک ورشکسته سیلورگیت را پرداخت کرده است. علاوه بر این، مایکرواستراتژی مجددا سیاست خرید بیت کوین خود را از سر گرفته و ۶۴۵۵ واحد بیت کوین بالغ بر ۱۵۰ میلیون دلار با قیمت متوسط ۲۳،۳۲۸ دلار طی ۵ هفته گذشته خریداری کرده است.
به گزارش کوین دسک، MicroStrategy در مجموع ۱۶۱ میلیون دلار بابت وام اخذ شده از سیلورگیت روز جمعه پرداخت کرد و به دنبال آن، ۳۴،۶۱۹ واحد بیت کوینی که به عنوان وثیقه برای این وام نگهداری میشد به این شرکت بازگردانده شد. شرکت مایکرواستراتژی در مارس سال گذشته ۲۰۵ میلیون دلار از بانک سیلورگیت وام گرفته بود.
با احتساب آخرین خرید، موجودی بیت کوین MicroStrategy به ۱۳۸،۹۵۵ واحد با قیمت متوسط ۲۹،۸۱۷ دلار به ازای هرواحد رسیده است. در مجموع، با قیمت فعلی ۲۷،۹۰۰ دلاری بیت کوین، این شرکت ۳.۸۸ میلیارد دلار بیت کوین دارد.
علاوه بر این، این مایکرواستراتژی از تامین سرمایه ۳۳۹.۴ میلیون دلاری خود در سال جاری خبر داد که با استفاده از آن، وام اخذ شده از سیلورگیت را پرداخت کرده است. در زمان نگارش این خبر، سهام این شرکت ۰.۹٪ افزایش یافته است.The nursing theory of the planet is basically what every person nurse believes at. This really is called an academic philosophy of nursing. As mentioned under, nursing practice comprises some number of those nursing theories.
These nursing concepts are: schooling and learning, education, dissemination of comprehension communication, and Teaching. You ought to definitely explore each one of these nursing theories to make educated decisions regarding your nursing practice.
It is important to specify exactly these nursing theories me an. https://makkahmedina.info/2020/03/05/where-to-learn-science-elements/ You can find definitions of nursing theory, but these are some of the absolute most often encountered ones.
The initial one on the list, training and understanding, can be involved with how their own role is understood by physicians in the procedure for patient care. They ought to understand the affected person, why they’ve been here, http://alterego-slowak.cba.pl/?p=2715 the way they came to be in this place, exactly what their interests are, and also what their experiences are. By achieving this, they are going to be able to offer you a superior healthcare policy to each individual.
This is referred to as academic Projectivism. Is schooling. Nurses ought to know the way that it relates to your own own profession and what instruction is. Additionally, it entails several procedures of studying.
There is A Global Metaparadigm . Here, the individual’s illness is defined at a quite simple method, however complicated with regard to future history. This type of nursing notion indicates a specialty at medicine’s area. http://flora-sure.com/?p=1957 It clarifies what is the idea of integration and also gap between a few different entities in virtually any area.
Training and studying and Interactivity will be a very useful one. It indicates that nurses should keep understanding by practicing and observing. Like a outcome, it’s said they continue to be defining their civic philosophies and the strategies they utilize to accomplish their own tasks.
Interaction is a International Metaparadigm. This creates one alert to this nature of nursing and the requisite to keep it this way.
Educating for OB/GYNs or Nurse Practitioners is another idea that can correlate with clinic. This nursing theory implies how physicians can run their studies and provide their patients. In order to make certain they have the very ideal treatment possible Via communication, nurses are going to be able to communicate to their patients.
OB/GYNs have many things incommon with Nurse Practitioners. You’ll find OB/GYN newspapers, as an instance, in which nurses write about their adventures. It’s a good way to produce nurses aware of these function in the world.
Worldwide Metaparadigm and interaction would be the other examples of concepts which may connect with apply. Learning and Training and Interaction use to both. Yet they usually do not apply to every nurse and each, S O physicians should understand which of these theories apply .
Probably one of the nursing concepts would be the one which claims that patients should really be provided with the possiblity to socialize to learn, and to be informed about their wellness , particularly when it has to do with their circumstance. This could be the only real method to supply the very optimal/optimally health care. NursingTheory might not necessarily affect every instance, however you have to be conscious of the nursing theories in the event that you want to offer your people.Stylishly Dangerous: When Men Feared Women Armed With Hatpins
Skip to the end to watch the video.
Hell hath no fury like a woman armed with a fashionably destructive accessory. Dangerously deceptive was the early 20th-century trend of hatpins. Although perceived as a delicate compliment to an immense hat, the hatpin was more of a silent form of protection for women against a possible threat.
According to RAINN, an anti-sexual violence organization, a person is sexually assaulted every 98 seconds. Out of ten reported rapes, nine out of them are women. The latest stories of entertainment cornerstones such as Bill Cosby and Kevin Spacey being accused of sexual misconduct is abundant. Daily, there are new statements that reveal disheartening accounts of women being raped, molested and sexually assaulted by high profile men.
Enraged by this growing number of women being taken advantage of, the #MeToo movement was formed as a platform to shed light on the severity of sexual assault. Survivors are now able to destroy their assailant’s reputation through social media exposure and affirmative action. Their voice has been used as an armament of advocacy.
Society has come a long way in comparison to its rather oppressive beginnings. Rather than social media and hashtag movements, the 20th-century city-chic woman expressed herself with exaggerated hats. Frills, flowers and even the occasional bird feather created a crown of adornment for forwarding-thinking women.
Truth be told, these hats had a mind of their own as they would frequently fall off. In the early 1900s, the hatpin, which evolved from the traditional decorative pin, was reintroduced as a means to secure the flashy hats in place. Renowned actresses Lillian Russell and Lillie Langtry popularized the trend by wearing unique, ornament adorned hatpins with their avant-garde hats.
A Feminist Fashion Choice
Although harmless in nature, how did these intricate placeholders become a revolutionary staple in the feminist movement? The idea of women being subservient members of society was abundant throughout the world. Despite these traditional limitations, women began fighting back and demanding equal rights.
By the late 1880s, women were enjoying the mundane joys of life without needing the accompaniment of a man. 1891 marked the year when women were legally allowed to leave their husbands in Britain. The social climate in the United States was filled with copious change as women began gaining financial independence through employment outside of the household.
1890 was a year charged with progressive thinking as revolutionary women like Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr fought to provide women with the opportunity to occupy stable positions in social activism. Through this, women had a valid political platform that made their voices matter.
Women became increasingly comfortable with organizing campaigns for cultural change and leading a self-sufficient lifestyle. Needless to say, the traditional role of a woman in America was adjusting to meet a more modern standard.
Independent Ladies Bite Back
The 1880s were a fitting time for the innovative and strong femme fatale. Adorned in their illustrious gowns and laced umbrellas, women engaged in what was then called “unchaperoned walks” around the city. This concept was naturally unusual as women were regularly accompanied by a man when walking. Many male onlookers were naturally drawn to this newfound liberation. In fact, some allowed their admiration to evolve into an adverse need to make unwanted advances to “vulnerable” ladies.
In 1911, the Chicago Tribune published an astonishing statement with regards to this newfound energy. “The present attitude of American women invites aggression. Given, therefore, a dark, deserted street, a woman glancing timidly from side to side, a vagabond, perhaps well dressed, probably inflamed with alcohol, and the stage is set for robbery and tragedy.”
She Was Asking For It
It was customary for men and women to date in a safe, and public area. Many times, dates occurred within the home of the lady. However, as the social climate began to shift, men and women began to gather in swanky, nightclubs that were filled with possibility. In Chicago, women were expected to subdue their physical appearance in order to avoid assault.
This mentality is quite comparable to that of 2018. Women across the nation are being shamed for their style preference. When media outlets often inquire about an alleged assault, one of the first questions is, “What was she wearing?
Taking Their Lives by the Balls
In 1904, women who walked alone were instructed to avoid tempting makeup, dress in a humble manner and even cover their ankles. ‘Mashers’ weren’t instructed to deaden their members or cover their intentions. Rather, the responsibility was on the woman to denounce her freedom and dodge attracting attention.
Women had to take action to defend themselves if they were to fight for their freedom of style. The hatpin was introduced as the steadfast savior for women’s protection.
In 1903, the New York World newspaper reported the account of Leoti Baker. Originally from Kansas, she unknowingly assumed that men in New York carried themselves in a diplomatic manner. She climbed into the crowded stagecoach and ventured off to Fifth Avenue. A stagecoach was intimate in nature and was led by two horses.
Naturally, the ride wouldn’t be silky smooth. As the stagecoach began to experience turbulence, a “nice-looking old gentleman” as she described him, began to sit closer to Baker. As the horses began to run faster, passengers on the coach were thrown about.
Copping a Feel
Although an uncomfortable situation, the older man used this confusion as a means to gain a free feel. His hips and shoulders began to touch hers, and his arm somehow caressed her lower back. Evidently, she wasn’t in Kansas anymore.
The spunky Baker utilized her secret tool: the hatpin. 30.5 centimeters (12 inches) of the bedazzled blade was used as a modern-day shank, as it pierced the older man’s arm. Her defense gained popularity, and her statement to the New York World speaks volumes. She recalls, “If New York women will tolerate mashing, Kansas girls will not.”
The term mas
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ma questa idea è spazzata via dall'art 3 comma 2 della legge 218 in cui l'applicabilità di tali norme anche al convenuto straniero è affermata in modo esplicito. Lo stesso art 3 non consente di superare un'altra discriminazione nei confronti di soggetti che non hanno il loro domicilio sul territorio di uno stato aderente. Questa discriminazione è determinata dal fatto che non c'è corrispondenza tra le norme in materia di giurisdizione e quelle relative al riconoscimento degli atti stranieri (sentenze in particolare). Le controversie in cui sia convenuto un soggetto non domiciliato in uno stato contraente non vengono regolate secondo le norme convenzionali, per cui vengono in questi casi applicati quei criteri nazionali che invece la convenzione esclude nelle controversie in cui è convenuto un domiciliato in un paese aderente. A differenza delle norme sulla giurisdizione, applicabili solo nei casi già visti, le norme sul riconoscimento delle sentenze verranno applicate sempre, anche quando esse sono emanate da giudici individuati in base ai criteri nazionali eventualmente esorbitanti nei confronti di soggetti non domiciliati. Il risultato di tutto questo è uno squilibrio tra le norme giurisdizionali, dove il nostro legislatore ha allargato l'ambito di applicazione delle norme convenzionali e le norme sul riconoscimento delle sentenze straniere, che devono essere sempre applicate, anche quando si tratterà di riconoscere le sentenze di un giudice individuato con l'applicazione di criteri nazionali.
In materia di giurisdizione la legge 218 non si è limitata a trasformare da generale in speciale il criterio della cittadinanza del convenuto, ma ha eliminato i criteri della connessione di cause e della reciprocità. Proprio in riferimento alla reciprocità, esso era un criterio che consentiva eccezionalmente al cittadino italiano di agire contro uno straniero, quando non era possibile usare altri criteri, per proteggersi da situazioni pregiudizievoli date da norme straniere esorbitanti. Il carattere di ritorsione che aveva questo criterio, più il fatto che esso era esercitatile dal cittadino e non dallo straniero e quindi contraddiceva il principio della parità di condizione spiegano perché il legislatore si è sbarazzato di esso.
Quanto al principio della connessione di cause, esso ha subito un progressivo ridimensionamento durante ,l'iter della legge: presentato non come criterio autonomo, bensì come un elemento coadiuvante nella determinazione della competenza territoriale, ha finito con l'avere un'applicazione residuale alle materie escluse dalla convenzione di Bruxelles, visto che per le materie da essa previste si è disposto l'applicazione dei criteri in essi contenuti.Resta il fatto che proprio nelle materie previste dalla convenzione la connessione delle diverse cause è possibile non certo con il criterio in oggetto, quanto con i criteri alternativi previsti dalla convenzione stessa.
Con riguardo alle materie escluse dalla convenzione bisogna individuare le ipotesi di connessione rilevante, secondo quanto disposto nell'ultima frase dell'art. 3 comma 2. Già con riguardo a quanto disposto nel c.p.c. la dottrina aveva dubbi che potessero rientrare tutte le ipotesi di connessione previste nello stesso c.p.c. Secondo una parte, la connessione era rilevante solo quando aveva riflessi sulla giurisdizione interna, mentre restavano escluse tutte le ipotesi di connessione per motivi di opportunità. Altri autori erano ancora più drastici, escludendo che nella connessione potessero farsi rientrare tutte le ipotesi che portavano a escludere la competenza di un giudice che altrimenti sarebbe stato adito. Altri autori ancora, argomentando sulla distinzione tra giurisdizione e competenza territoriale, ritenevano che il c.p.c. si riferisse a ogni ipotesi di connessione, senza alcun riguardo alle conseguenze giuridiche. Però le interpretazioni restrittive sembrano potersi escludere visto che il testo della parte finale del 2° comma dell'art. 3 dice che per le materie escluse dalla convenzione la giurisdizione viene determinata anche in base ai criteri territoriali, senza alcuna menzione delle conseguenze che su di essa (giurisdizione) derivano dalle varie connessioni. Da ciò deriva una diversa estensione della giurisdizione italiana, minore per le materie della convenzione, maggiore per le materie in essa non comprese. Sempre in materia di connessine bisogna considerare il disposto dell'art. 6, che attribuisce al giudice italiano la capacità di conoscere "incidentalmente" controversie che, se sottoposte a giudizio, non gli competerebbero: è evidente la scelta di evitare di bloccare i processi per questioni pregiudiziali che non dovrebbero competere al giudice nazionale, dandogli la possibilità di risolvere tali questioni, ma solo in via incidentale, cioè con decisione che vale solo con riferimento al caso di specie.
In tema di misure cautelari la legge 218 ripropone i principi che caratterizzano il c.p.c.: 1) l'esecuzione della misura cautelare in Italia; 2) che il rapporto al quale si riferisce la misura cautelare sia soggetto alla giurisdizione italiana.
Come durante la vigenza dell'art. 4 c.p.c., , anche la legge 218 non si occupa della giurisdizione italiana con riferimento ai procedimenti esecutivi, né a quelli fallimentari. Durante la vigenza dell'art 4 c.p.c. si è esclusa la possibilità di estendere analogicamente ai procedimenti fallimentari tale norma, ritenuta applicabile solo ai procedimenti cognitivi, per cui ne è derivata l'illimitatezza della nostra giurisdizione in materia. Gli unici limiti che possono essere individuati derivano dall'impossibilità di eseguire espropriazioni su beni che non si trovano sul suolo nazionale. Per ciò che riguarda le procedure fallimentari, ricordando che esse sono regolate da una apposita legge (r.d. del '42), i dubbi in materia di giurisdizione sembrano superati dalla legge 218, in cui si afferma come per le materie escluse dalla convenzione di Bruxelles (come le procedure fallimentari) la giurisdizione è determinata in base alla competenza per territorio: per cui la giurisdizione italiana sarà competente ogni qual volta un giudice italiano sarà competente per territorio. Sempre in materia fallimentare un problema di compatibilità si pone tra la legge fallimentare e la legge 218 a proposito del fatto che la legge fallimentare non ritiene impeditivo della dichiarazione di fallimento il fatto che lo stesso sia già stato dichiarato all'estero. E' chiaro come questa norma determina il non riconoscimento di una sentenza straniera (in questo caso la sentenza dichiarativa di fallimento) e quindi è incompatibile con l'automatico riconoscimento delle sentenze straniere stabilito dalla legge 218. Quindi due sono le possibili soluzioni: o si ritiene che la legge 218 abbia tacitamente abrogato la legge fallimentare; o che questa, in quanto speciale, sia ancora in vigore e quindi applicabile.
Una svolta in materia di rilevanza della volontà delle parti nella determinazione della giurisdizione è impressa, rispetto al passato, dalla legge 218. La volontà delle parti rispetto alla giurisdizione può avere un duplice effetto: uno positivo, che consente di attribuire la competenza anche quando essa manchi, e uno negativo atto a togliere la competenza lì dove essa è presente.
Per quanto concerne l'effetto positivo: rispetto a quanto previsto in precedenza nel c.p.c., nella legge 218 l'accettazione del convenuto, oltre che come atto unilaterale, è vista anche nella sua valenza bilaterale, in considerazione del fatto che i medesimi effetti (anzi forse ancor più) deve averli se espressa come volontà contrattuale. Inoltre, rispetto al passato, la legge di riforma ha imposto in questo caso la forma scritta a maggiore garanzia del convenuto. Come atto unilaterale, l'accettazione può essere espressa o tacita: è tacita quando il convenuto non faccia rilevare il difetto di giurisdizione nel primo atto difensivo. Al di là di questo caso, il difetto è rilevato d'ufficio sempre in qualunque stato e grado del processo in tre casi: 1) se il convenuto è contumace; 2) se, in base all'art. 5, si tratta di azioni reali con oggetto immobili siti all'estero, rispetto alle quali non vale la giurisdizione italiana; 3) se la giurisdizione italiana è esclusa da una norma internazionale. Solo quest'ultimo caso rappresenta una novità rispetto al passato. Il caso di cui al numero 2 merita di essere approfondito, anche perché occorre metterlo in relazione alle norme della convenzione di Bruxelles. La convenzione dice che per determinate materie, caratterizzate da una stretta connessione tra i motivi del contendere e il territorio di uno stato contraente, la giurisdizione spetti a tale stato indipendentemente dal domicilio del convenuto. Nulla si dice per l'ipotesi che l'elemento di collegamento sia collocato nel territorio di uno stato terzo.Da ciò possono derivare due conseguenze: o si interpreta la cosa come una mancanza di limiti nell'applicazione della convenzione verso l'esterno e quindi le limitazioni poste dalla legge 218 alla giurisdizione nazionale in materia di diritti reali su immobili siti all'estero viene a essere ridimensionata; o si accoglie la teoria degli effetti riflessi e si esclude l'applicazione della convenzione al di fuori dei casi da essa richiamati e quindi si da spazio alle norme interne sulla giurisdizione, compreso l'art. 5 della legge 218 e i suoi effetti limitativi.
Avevamo accennato nel precedente paragrafo a due effetti che la volontà delle parti può avere sulla giurisdizione: dopo avere approfondito quello positivo andiamo a parlare di quello negativo. Parlare della capacità delle parti di escludere la competenza giurisdizionale dello stato lì dove essa esiste è una questione delicata, visto che la giurisdizione è considerata uno dei presupposti della sovranità; tuttavia tutti gli stati a condizioni diverse ammettono deroghe e limitazioni di natura convenzionale, in modo da dare alle parti la possibilità di derogare al foro naturale. Il c.p.c. all'art.2 sanciva l'inderogabilità della giurisdizione nazionale, visto che i presupposti per la deroga erano veramente molto stretti: doveva trattarsi di una causa con obbligazioni tra stranieri, o fra uno straniero e un italiano non domiciliato, o residente nella Repubblica. E' chiaro come questa scelta estremamente nazionalista del nostro legislatore ben presto sarebbe apparsa inopportuna soprattutto con riferimento alle relazioni commerciali internazionali. Ciò spiega non solo la soddisfazione con cui sono state accolte le convenzioni stipulate dall'Italia nel senso di ammettere la capacità delle parti di derogare la giurisdizione naturale, ma la necessità di una vera e propria riforma, compiuta dal legislatore del '95. Pur mantenendo alcune limitazioni, nella legge 218 sono scomparse tutte quelle relative alla cittadinanza o alla residenza delle parti, mentre è rimasto l'obbligo della forma scritta in merito a queste scelte; quindi le deroghe alla giurisdizione nazionale sono possibili anche nelle cause tra cittadini italiani anche per fattispecie che non riguardano le obbligazioni. Alcune questioni: circa l'applicabilità per analogia degli artt. 1341 e 1342 c.c. la questione è ormai risolta dal nuovo art 833 c.p.c. (introdotto nel '94) che esclude l'applicabilità di queste norme; nel caso in cui in materia di deroga alla giurisdizione naturale sia applicabile la convenzione di Bruxelles, questa va applicata rispetto alle normative nazionali; infine la questione posta dal 3° comma dell'art. 4 della legge di riforma. Esso prevede che, per evitare un possibile conflitto negativo di giurisdizione, nonostante la validità del patto con il quale le parti intendono derogare alla giurisdizione nazionale, il giudice straniero (o l'arbitro) devono valutare la loro capacità di giudicare in materia, onde evitare possibili vuoti di giurisdizione. Nella relazione al progetto di legge si dice che il giudice italiano in questo caso deve riesaminare la domanda, anche se lui aveva rinunciato alla competenza con sentenza passata in giudicato: e questa soluzione è chiaramente in contrasto con un principio che la legge 218 esprime più avanti e cioè che le sentenze straniere non possono prevalere su quelle italiane definitive.
E' peraltro possibile, anche se la legge non se ne occupa, un conflitto positivo di giurisdizione, nel caso che si pronuncino sia il giudice italiano che quello straniero; la questione va risolta (secondo il principio cui abbiamo accennato) con la prevalenza della sentenza italiana e questo ci mette in evidenza come la stessa norma produce effetti diversi secondo che il conflitto di giurisdizione sia negativo, o positivo.
Il fatto che in materia di limitazione di giurisdizione tramite volontà delle parti il legislatore abbia dettato una disciplina specifica e non abbia richiamato alcuna norma della convenzione di Bruxelles sembrerebbe far pensare alla volontà di non tenere conto delle norme convenzionali, ma non è così. Ciò vale in particolare per alcune norme convenzionali che hanno una maggiore "specialità" rispetto a quelle della legge 218, in quanto impongono criteri per la deroga maggiormente restrittivi.
Rispetto al passato ( c.p.c. del '42) la legge di riforma ha profondamente innovato in materia di riconoscimento delle sentenze straniere, abbandonando il tradizionale principio dell'universalità della giurisdizione italiana. Questo principio difatti aveva portato a escludere ogni possibile equivalenza delle sentenze straniere a quelle interne, subordinando il riconoscimento delle prime a specifici atti di accettazione. Connesso a ciò è il problema della litispendenza, che il c.p.c. risolveva negando che la giurisdizione italiana potesse in alcun modo essere impedita da processi con oggetto e soggetti uguali svolgentisi davanti a un giudice straniero, né tanto meno se i due processi erano semplicemente connessi. La legge 218 ha eliminato tutti questi retaggi del passato e ha accolto le posizioni più moderne, riconoscendo le sentenze straniere, consentendo di derogare alla giurisdizione italiana e dando rilevanza alla litispendenza all'estero.Questo discorso sulla litispendenza rappresenta un necessario completamento rispetto alla materia del riconoscimento delle sentenze straniere, per evitare che giudice italiano e giudice straniero si occupino della stessa materia, con la prevalenza di chi giunge per primo a una sentenza definitiva.
Tra le novità più importanti in materia di litispendenza c'è da segnalare una importante innovazione rispetto al c.p.c.: questo ammetteva la possibilità di scelta per il convenuto se delibare una sentenza straniera (nel caso fosse a lui favorevole), o di aprire un procedimento in Italia (anche dopo l'emanazione di una sentenza, evidentemente sfavorevole). E' chiaro che questo stato di cose non poteva mantenersi nella legge 218, ammettendosi nella stesa il riconoscimento automatico delle sentenze straniere (due concetti assolutamente incompatibili).Al di là della novità appena segnalata , l'art 7 della legge 218 ha un contenuto che ricalca quello della convenzione di Bruxelles, ma questo non deve indurci nell'errore di sottovalutare questa norma: è vero che molti principi erano già conosciuti, ma avevano una portata limitata, perché non si applicavano agli stati terzi; e poi applicare e interpretare norme convenzionali è diverso dall'applicare e interpretare norme interne che riproducono il contenuto di una convenzione. E' dubbio che nell'applicazione di norme interne modellate sul contenuto di una convenzione possa avere rilevanza l'interpretazione pregiudiziale della Corte di giustizia; poi, con riferimento al principio della prevalenza del procedimento iniziato per primo, è evidente il tentativo del legislatore di stabilire un regime uniforme in materia di giurisdizione per le cause in cui siano convenute persone domiciliate negli stati aderenti. Questi obbiettivi di uniformità della giurisdizione presenti nella convenzione non possono essere ricercati nella norma interna (legge 218), per cui è chiaro come quest'ultima, nonostante quanto detto sopra, mantiene una carica di novità. A differenza della convenzione, l'art 7 della legge 218 regola la litispendenza in modo diverso: nella convenzione viene sancita la prevalenza del procedimento iniziato per primo e, nel caso di contestazione, la sospensione del processo; nella legge di riforma la prevalenza del processo all'estero è subordinata all'esistenza dei presupposti necessari affinché la sentenza estera abbia rilevanza in Italia: Il giudice italiano, verificando che all'estero è in corso di svolgimento un processo con gli stessi soggetti e il medesimo oggetto, se ritiene che vi sono i presupposti per cui la sentenza lì emanata possa essere riconosciuta, sospenderà il "suo" procedimento. Il legislatore del '95 non ha tenuto in considerazione le obiezioni della dottrina, che denunciava lo snaturamento dell'istituto della litispendenza subordinandolo a valutazioni del giudice italiano per altro basate sulla presenza di requisiti valutati senza avere tutti gli elementi della causa; ma su queste critiche evidentemente è prevalsa l'esigenza di evitare un diniego di giustizia, che si avrebbe se la sentenza straniera mancasse dei requisiti per il riconoscimento e quindi restasse senza effetti.
L'aver messo in relazione la litispendenza e il riconoscimento delle sentenze straniere ha comportato un
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经常喜欢啃咬神仙鱼的臀鳍和尾鳍，虽然不是致命的攻击，
但是为了保持神仙鱼美丽的外形，还是尽量避免将神仙鱼和它们一起混合饲养。
由于国内一些繁殖渔场在神仙鱼繁殖的时期所采用的水是经过逆渗透法用阴阳离子处理过的软水(即水质环境中矿物质含量较低而总硬度较低的水)。虽然，经过这种处理过的水质虽然对神仙鱼繁殖孵化极有帮助，但是在这种水质环境中生长的幼鱼，经过长途运输又来到水族经销商高密度饲养而水质截然不同的贩卖缸中，期间的折腾使原本纤弱的幼鱼更加容易得病、 死亡。所以，不能急着去选购新到的鱼，让适应水质、脱离发病期的烦琐交给“技术高超”的水族经销商去处理，过7-10天以后选购，那些鱼将会极其稳定地存活在于水族箱中，而省却了处理麻烦。
神仙鱼是卵生鱼类，繁殖却比较简单。仔细观察配对成功的双鱼，如果肛门附近开始突起，即输精管、产卵管开始下垂，这是产卵前的征兆，它们会在产卵前选择一片认为安全的区域，共同保卫领土，驱赶无意间闯入的其他鱼类。这片领土可能是一片宽大的水草叶面，也可能是水族箱玻璃的一角……在确定了环境安全后，雌、雄鱼会将产卵区域啄食干净，而后雌鱼开始产卵，而雄鱼在雌鱼产卵的同时进行受精。一般情况整个产卵过程将持续数小时，产卵数量视成鱼的大小，一般为400-1000不等。
产卵结束后，雌、雄鱼会共同守护鱼卵，轮流用胸鳍扇动水流确保受精卵有充足的水溶氧，当某些鱼卵因为未受精或被水霉菌感染而发白、霉变时，它们会立即啄食，确保其他受精卵不受感染，整个维护过程是十分感人的。经过如此不吃不喝管理后的36小时，仔鱼开始孵化，却依然不会游动，依附于原地靠吸收自身的卵黄素渡过漫长的4-5天开始游离产卵点，摄食体形微小的水蚤为食。此间，雌、雄鱼依然胆战心惊、无微不至地呵护着它们。所以，为了给它们创造一个良好、安全的产卵环境，最好是在神仙鱼出现产卵前的征兆的时候就放入另一做为繁殖用的水族箱中单独饲养，同时用气泵辅助提供充足的水溶氧，期间不易过强的照明灯光，也不易使它们过度受惊，过度受惊将会导致它们吞食所有已经产出的鱼卵。更不用投喂饵料，以免污染水质;尤其是活饵尤为注意!混合在水蚤中的一种剑水蚤可以穿透受精卵的外壁使鱼卵孵化率大大降低。
神仙鱼的喂养方法
神仙鱼饲养环境
神仙鱼对水质的要求并不严格，也正应为神仙鱼的体态优美高雅，饲养难度不大，所以深受鱼友们的喜爱。建议饲养神仙鱼的水温为24-27℃，总硬度(gH)为3-6GH，PH值建议在6.5-7.0。
由于国内一些繁殖渔场在神仙鱼繁殖的时期所采用的水是经过逆渗透法用阴阳离子处理过的软水(即水质环境中矿物质含量较低而总硬度较低的水)。虽然，经过这种处理过的水质虽然对神仙鱼繁殖孵化极有帮助，但是在这种水质环境中生长的幼鱼，经过长途运输又来到水族经销商高密度饲养而水质截然不同的贩卖缸中，期间的折腾使原本纤弱的幼鱼更加容易得病、死亡。所以，不能急着去选购新到的鱼，让适应水质、脱离发病期的烦琐交给“技术高超”的水族经销商去处理，过7-10天以后选购，那些鱼将会极其稳定地存活在于水族箱中，而省却了处理麻烦。
神仙鱼喂食要点
当神仙鱼的水温在24-28℃的范围内，神仙鱼的食欲会比较旺盛，并且生长也会非常迅速，所以想要神仙鱼健康成长的话，尽量让神仙鱼维持在一个相对稳定的环境中。
神仙鱼的饵料有鱼虫、水蚯蚓、纤虫、黄粉虫、小活鱼、颗粒饲料等。对于体长在3-12厘米的神仙鱼，其饵料主要以龟虫为主，以水蚯蚓、红虫、黄粉虫为辅。对于体长在12厘米以上的神仙鱼，龟虫个体小，适口性差，应选择个体略大的饵料，主要有红虫、水蚯蚓、黄粉虫、小活鱼等。
神仙鱼的投饵量应根据鱼体大小和数量多少来决定。家庭饲养神仙鱼，一般每天只需投饵1-2次，其投饵量以5-10分钟内吃完为宜。大批量饲养神仙鱼时，每天需要投饵2-3次;繁殖时期的种鱼，-般每天投饵3～4次。由于神仙鱼体型较小，食量有限，每次投饵量以7-8成饱为宜，增加投饵次数叮促使鱼类生长迅速。神仙鱼的大部分品种，其饵料以龟虫为主。当饵料以伍虫为主时，其投饵量控制在10～30分钟内吃完。当饵料以水蚯蚓为主时，其投饵量控制在5-10分钟内吃完，每天投饵2-3次，投喂的水蚯蚓要漂洗干净。当饵料以小鱼虾为主时，原则上应多餐少喂，神仙鱼更换新饵料时，投饵量要由少逐渐增多。神仙鱼在运输前，要停饵1～2天。Adıyaman'ın Kahta İlçesi'nde, babasını defalarca bıçaklayıp, boğazını keserek öldüren dizi oyuncusu 30 yaşındaki Orhan Şimşek'in babası ile ilgili yıllar önce söylediği sözler ortaya çıktı.
"BÜYÜK İKRAMİYE ÇIKSA BABAMA VERİRİM"
Babasını öldüren oyuncu Orhan Şimşek, 2008 yılında oynadığı 'Genco' dizisindeki rol arkadaşlarıyla Beyazıt Öztürk ve Elif Dağdeviren'in konuğu olmuştu. Şimşek o programda büyük ikramiye bana çıksa babama verirdim diyor.
piramithaber.comBir diyetisyene göre karbonhidratlar neden önemlidir?
Sağlıklı Beslenme Planları / / January 27, 2021
benEğer bir karbonhidrat aşığıysanız, son zamanlarda kendinizi sağlıklı beslenme dünyasında istenmeyen kişi gibi hissetmişsinizdir. Tüm karbonhidrat türlerini sağlıklı yağlar lehine sınırlamasıyla tanınan keto diyeti, hiç bu kadar popüler olmamıştı. İnsanlar makarnalarını ve pilavlarını zoodle ve karnabahar-her şey lehine terk ediyor. Hatta bazı sağlık uzmanları karbonhidrat olmadan yaşayabileceğiniz (ve yaşamanız gerektiği) konusunda ısrar ediyor. (Hepimiz kinoa ile olan aşk ilişkimizi unutmuş muyuz?)
Ancak karbonhidratları sonsuza dek tüketmeden önce, muhtemelen kayıtlı diyetisyenle konuşmalısınız ve 80 Yirmi Beslenme kurucu Christy Brissette, RD. Brissette karbonhidrat sever. Çok hoşlanmak. Onları kahvaltıda tam tahıllı tost ve badem ezmesi şeklinde seviyor. Veya yemek tabağında kavrulmuş patates olarak (ruh haline bağlı olarak beyaz veya tatlı). Ya da mango gibi meyvelerin üzerine Yunan yoğurdu (aka karbonhidratta karbonhidrat) eklenmiş halde.
Karbonhidrat mı veriyorsun? Asla! Özellikle Brissette onların sizin için gerçekten iyi olduğunu söylediği için. Soluk soluğa.
Tüm karbonhidratlar eşit üretilmez
Brissette, "Karbonhidratlar kötü bir şöhrete sahip çünkü insanlar karbonhidratları resmettiklerinde, beyaz ekmek, hamur işleri ve kilo almaya neden olan diğer işlenmiş, besin içermeyen yiyecekleri düşünüyorlar," diyor. "Ancak karbonhidrat açısından zengin birçok gıda aslında başka besinlerle doludur." Büyük olanlar: lif, B ve C vitamini gibi vitaminler, magnezyum gibi minerallerve meyve söz konusu olduğunda antioksidanlar. "Yani karbonhidratlardan hep birlikte uzak durursanız, sizin için gerçekten iyi olan besinleri de kaçıracaksınız" diyor.
İlgili Öyküler
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Karbonhidratların neden önemli olduğunu doğru bir şekilde anlamak için, aralarındaki farkı bilmeniz gerekir. basit karbonhidratlar ve karmaşık karbonhidratlar. Brissette, basit karbonhidratların vücut tarafından hızla emildiğini açıklayarak kan şekeri artışları ve müteakip kazalar—Ve genellikle sizin için pek iyi olmayan yiyeceklerde ve kek ve soda gibi içeceklerde bulunur. (Beyaz pirinç ve makarna gibi daha az belirgin yerlerde de görülseler de.) Bu arada kompleks karbonhidratlar, tam tahıllar, yoğurt, fasulye ve meyve ve sebzeler gibi yiyeceklerde bulunur. Bunlar vücut tarafından daha yavaş emilirler ve böylece kan şekerinize daha az etki ederler, aynı zamanda vücudunuzun ihtiyaç duyduğu yukarıda belirtilen besinleri sağlarlar.
Brissette, "Tüm bu yiyecekler sağlıklı bir diyetin parçasıdır" diyor. “Yoğurt temel bir kalsiyum, magnezyum ve D vitamini kaynağıdır. Ve tam tahıllar size B vitamini ve antioksidan sağlar. Meyve ve sebzelerinizle antioksidan ve bitki besinleri alıyorsunuz. Yani karbonhidratlardan tamamen uzak durursanız, tüm bu harika faydalardan mahrum kalacaksınız. "
Ancak Brissette, basit karbonhidratların bile sağlıklı beslenmede yeri olduğunu söylüyor. "Kısıtlamanın uzun vadede işe yaradığını sanmıyorum," dedi. "Bir müşteri bana gelip makarnayı sevdiğini söylüyorsa, çok fazla yemekten korktuğu için yemeyi bıraksa iyi olur ve kilo aldığım için ona makarnayı hep birlikte kesmesini söylemiyorum. " Bunun yerine, porsiyona dikkat edin diyor boyut. "Bir fincan veya yumruk büyüklüğünde karbonhidrat sağlıklıdır." Yani iki veya üç bardak pişmiş yemek yerine Spagetti, diyor Brissette bir fincana yapışıp yemeğinizin geri kalanını kabak eriştesi veya başka bir şeyle tamamlıyor sebzeler. Hala makarna yiyorsunuz, ancak diğer gıdalardan da en iyi şekilde yararlanıyorsunuz.
Dünyanın en sağlıklı insanları karbonhidrat yiyor
Elbette keto harika ve hepsi- ve gerçekten pek çok insan için işe yarıyor - ama işte biraz düşünmek için yiyecek: Karbonhidratların çok yönlü bir diyetin parçası olduğu kültürler en iyi uzun vadeli sağlıkla bilinir. Sergi A: mavi bölgeler Okinawa, Japonya, Ikaria, Yunanistan ve Sardina, İtalya gibi, karbonhidrat yemek gibi 100'den fazla yaşamanın tamamen normal olduğu. "Gibi diyetler Akdeniz diyetiBrissette, karbonhidrat, protein ve sağlıklı yağların dengesi olan, kalp sağlığı ve uzun ömür için iyi olduğu zamanla kanıtlanmıştır ”diyor.
Ve Brissette, süper düşük karbonhidrat yemenin nasıl sonuç verdiğini henüz yeterince bilmediğimizi söylüyor: “Keto gibi düşük karbonhidratlı diyetler nispeten yenidir ve uzun süredir çalışılmamıştır. Uzun vadede bu şekilde yemenin etkilerini tam olarak bilmiyoruz. " Bu arada, bir 2018 çalışması orta derecede karbonhidrat alımının (kalorinin yüzde 50 ila 55'inin karbonhidratlardan geldiği gibi) olduğunu buldu. süper yüksek veya süper düşük karbonhidratın aksine daha düşük bir ölüm oranıyla ilişkili alım.
Brissette, "Tam tahıllar, baklagiller, sebzeler, yağsız proteinler ve sağlıklı yağın beslenme şeklinin uzun vadede sağlıklı olduğunu kanıtladığını biliyoruz" diyor. "Ancak düşük karbonhidratlı, yüksek proteinli, yüksek yağın nasıl sonuç verdiğini bilmiyoruz."
Karbonhidratlar egzersizlerinizi hızlandırır
Egzersiz yakıtı söz konusu olduğunda, proteinin BFF'niz olduğunu düşünebilirsiniz. Ama karbonhidratları da unutmamalısın, diyor Brissette. "Yaparsan yüksek yoğunluklu egzersizler CrossFit, koşma veya bisiklete binme gibi karbonhidratlar performansınızı artırmanıza yardımcı olabilir ”diyor. Vücutta depolanan protein ve sağlıklı yağların aksine, karbonhidratlar daha kolay bulunur- hızlı bir şekilde sindirirler ve ani bir enerji dalgalanması için kan dolaşımına daha hızlı girerler. "Bu yüzden yarım maratonlar ve maratonlar sırasında koşucuların karbonhidratlı spor içeceği veya kaz içtiğini görürsünüz; o hızlı enerji patlamasına ihtiyaçları var ”diyor.
Antrenman sonrası diyor ki karbonhidrat kaybettiğiniz enerjiyi geri kazanmanıza yardımcı olabilir. Karbonhidratları kan dolaşımınıza almak size daha hızlı enerji verir Sadece yağ ve protein içeren bir yemekten daha yoğun bir terleme seansından sonra, çünkü yine diğer makro besinlerden daha hızlı
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1。常见于一些需要长期重复活动，导致肌腱劳损的职业如打字员、器乐演奏家、货物搬运的行业等，孕期、哺乳期及更年期的的女性，由于激素水平等内分泌变化，发病几率高于平常。如今，由于人们对键盘、鼠标、手机等过度使用，也会让手指长时间、反复、用力屈伸，出现肌腱的过度摩擦，导致腱鞘炎，俗称“键盘手”。
患指一般酸痛，可向腕部或手指远端放射，晨起或劳累后加重；屈伸手指时，可有扳机感，伴弹响、疼痛，手指绞锁于屈曲位不能伸直或绞锁于伸直位不能屈曲；或患指掌指关节掌侧可触及硬结，压痛明显。
治疗方法
1.限制活动病情较轻者，发病时间较短，限制病变部位的活动，能有效地控制炎症，从而实现逐步恢复。
2.非甾体类抗炎药腱鞘炎的炎症无菌性的。如果疼痛影响活动和睡眠，可局部外用抗炎药物的膏剂(如扶他林软膏)，也可口服非甾体类抗炎药(如双氯芬酸钠缓释片等)。可起到缓解疼痛和消除炎症的作用。
3.局部注射治疗有文献报道在局部痛点内注射类固醇被认为是一种可靠有效的治疗方法，且可以降低复发率。
4.体外冲击波疗法体外冲击波疗法是利用经过聚集后的冲击波进入人体组织，可穿透表浅组织直接到达病灶深部。当冲击波进入人体后，不同的机械应力效应在不同组织的交界面处产生能量梯度差及扭拉力，引起组织间的松解，促进粘连的分离，使挛缩伸展。
5.手术疗法一般对于顽固性狭窄性腱鞘炎，保守治疗效果不理想，从而导致本病迁延难愈。可以采取手术，将狭窄的腱鞘切开，将腱鞘内走行的肌腱“松解”。主要的手术步骤是：切开狭窄的腱鞘，切除部分腱鞘，解除对肌腱的卡压，恢复肌腱的正常滑动，是重度腱鞘炎的终结疗法。
患者在我院拇指狭窄性腱鞘炎切开手术：术前vs术后
我院骨科手外科专业组主要开展业务有：手指等（手部）及四肢神经、肌腱、血管损伤修复，手部畸形矫正，手功能重建，各类皮肤软组织皮肤创面、缺损的植皮与皮瓣修复，骨缺损的修复、断指再植，断肢再植等。
门诊时间：每周三、五14:00-17:00微信咨询：罗洁谊医生As if a pandemic isn’t enough to handle for 2020, now the East Side Mosquito Abatement District has identified a brand new threat to the area — the yellow fever mosquito has landed in Modesto, expanding its range to Stanislaus County.
The new mosquito species, Aedes aegypti, was trapped in Modesto in July and is in the same vector as the Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya viruses.
This new mosquito as, unlike other Aedes mosquitoes that grow in pastures, grows in small containers within residential areas and often inside homes. It exclusively bites on people and does so during daytime.
While it may be disturbing to some to discover a new mosquito species buzzing around potentially carrying a dangerous virus, residents may have noticed the sheer volume of the pesky blood-suckers swarming unsuspecting hosts the minute they stepped outside.
“The heavy volume coincided with the shaking of almond trees,” shared Dr. J. Wakoli Wekesa, District Manager/Entomologist for the East Side Mosquito Abatement District.
In case you thought you were imagining the surge of mosquitos, you weren’t — the hungry mosquito population had, indeed, exploded, causing aggressive swarming at area parks and anywhere near water.
It’s a problem every year that keeps the East Side Mosquito Abatement District fielding calls and sending out abatement teams to treat trouble areas.
According to Dr. Wekesa, the District has a proactive program of conducting mosquito surveillance – trapping adults and monitoring abundance of larvae and adult mosquitoes in the area so that they can act before there is a major mosquito problem. Surveillance is conducted once a week, the mosquitoes trapped are identified and tested for West Nile virus. The other mosquito control program consists of operations, involving two technicians, one focused on finding above ground breeding sources and applying larvicides to control them before they hatch, and the other is focused underground with one technician conducting curb rigging operations to control mosquitoes in underground storm drains, channels and swales in parks, roadside ditches, and road underground systems.
“Once in a while when adult mosquitoes increase in the neighborhoods, especially from nearby orchards the district conducts adulticides sprays to kill adult mosquitoes so folks are not bitten in town,” Dr. Wekesa explained. “We also have two airplanes that the District uses to spray open fields on the outskirts of town to alleviate biting pressure on folks.”
Spraying larvicide is an ongoing process to keep mosquito populations low.
“This has been a tough year for all of us and particularly residents of our county and surrounding counties,” Dr. Wekesa admitted.
In order to control mosquito infestations, it’s important to remove any standing water to avoid providing optimal breeding grounds.
“Mosquitoes require standing water to grow, if there is no standing water there are no mosquitoes. So, anything that people can do to reduce standing water to no more than three days will for sure improve our quality of life, greatly,” Dr. Wekesa said. “Because of our agriculture that heavily relies on irrigation water, such water often standing for weeks on end creates a major unnatural mosquito breeding source. The Mosquito Abatement Law gives the district the remedy of abating such property owners, abatement creates penalty on those properties producing mosquitoes. The remedy has never been used before, however as the District faces increasing challenges of protecting its residents such approach may become the viable, last resort option.”
Individual residents can proactively remove containers, broken chairs, boats and other items that may hold water. Clean and maintain swimming pools, and similarly maintain sprinklers.
For more information on mosquito abatement or to report an infestation, call East Side Mosquito Abatement at (209) 522-4098.Apache Hadoop is one of the hottest technologies that paves the ground for analyzing big data. Learn more about what Hadoop is and its components, such as MapReduce and HDFS. Come on this journey to play with large data sets and see Hadoop’s method of distributed processing.
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Come along and start your journey to receiving the following badges: Hadoop Foundations – Level 1, Hadoop Programming – Level 1, Hadoop Administration – Level 1, Hadoop Data Access – Level 1, and Hadoop Foundations – Level 2!
String together your understanding of Yet Another Resource Negotiator (YARN) by gaining exposure to MapReduce1, the tool-sets that start the processing of Big Data.
Open the door to move data into Hadoop to get the program working for you. This course’s emphasis on Sqoop and Flume is on purpose to get you where you need to be obstacle free.
Writing MapReduce programs to analyze Big Data can get complex. In this Accessing Hadoop Data Using Hive course, you will get a solid foundation on using Apache Hive, a tool that can help make querying your data much easier. You will learn how to query, summarize, and analyze large data sets stored in Hadoop compatible file systems.نیم کلاچ: پایگاه خبری نیم کلاچ به نقل از تین نیوز: رئیس اداره حمل ونقل کالا اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای چهارمحال و بختیاری گفت: درآمد عوارض جابه جایی کالا در سال جاری نسبت به مدت مشابه سال گذشته ۳۰ درصد افزایش داشته است.
به گزارش وزارت راه و شهرسازی (اداره کل راهداری و حمل ونقل جاده ای چهارمحال وبختیاری،) مسلم درعلی گفت: طبق آمار ۶ ماهه سال جاری که تا ۱۵ مهرماه محاسبه شده است میزان ۲۱۰ هزار و ۹۹۵ بارنامه در استان ثبت شده که میزان ۲ میلیون و ۹۹۳ هزار تن در این سفرها جابه جا شده است.
رئیس اداره حمل ونقل کالا اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای چهارمحال و بختیاری افزود: درآمد عوارض جابه جایی کالا در سال جاری نسبت به مدت مشابه سال گذشته ۳۰ درصد افزایش داشته است.وی ادامه داد: ۱۰ کالای عمده جابه جا شده استان شامل سیمان، آهن اسفنجی، کوده اوره، میل گرد، ورق گالوانیزه، بنزین، گازوئیل و خوراک ماهی است.
درعلی با اشاره به اینکه تعداد کل رانندگان ناوگان باری ۱۶ هزار و ۱۳۱ است، بیان داشت: تعداد ناوگان سبک تا ۱۰ تن ۲ هزار و ۶۴۱، تعداد ناوگان نیمه سنگین ۱۰ تا ۲۶ تن ۲ هزار و ۱۹۸ و تعداد ناوگان بالاتر از ۲۶ هزار تن ۴ هزار و ۵۵۲ و در مجموع ۹هزار و ۳۹۱ ناوگان حمل بار در استان فعال است.
رئیس اداره حمل ونقل کالا اداره کل راهداری و حمل و نقل جاده ای استان اظهار کرد: میانگین متوسط عمر ناوگان سبک ۲۰.۵۴سال، ناوگان نیمه سنگین ۲۸.۶ سال و ناوگان سنگین ۱۳.۹۷ سال است.
وی ادامه داد: هزینه جابه جایی بار در همه مسیرها و ناوگان حمل بار توسط مرکز با شاخص هر یک تن بار در هر کیلومتر ۵ هزار و ۵۰۰ ریال محاسبه می شود لذا ثبت رقم کمتر از این مبلغ در سیستم امکان پذیر نمی باشد و دریافت رقم بیشتر نیز بر اساس توافق بین راننده و صاحب بار تعیین می شود.
لازم به ذکر است که تعداد یک پایانه عمومی واقع در شهرکرد به عنوان مرکز استان فعال است و شرکت های دیگر در پایانه اختصاصی خود در شهرستان ها مشغول خدمت رسانی به مردم هستند.Homeopathy is a natural form of medicine used by over 200 million people worldwide to treat both acute and chronic conditions. It is based on the principle of ‘like cures like’. In other words, a substance taken in small amounts will cure the same symptoms it causes if it were taken in large amounts.
The holistic nature of homeopathy means each person is treated as a unique individual and their body, mind, spirit and emotions are all considered in the management and prevention of disease. Taking all these factors into account a homeopath will select the most appropriate medicine based on the individual’s specific symptoms and personal level of health to stimulate their own healing ability.
Homeopathic medicines are safe to use as they rarely cause side-effects. This means when used appropriately under the guidance of a qualified homeopath they can be taken by people of all ages, including babies, children and pregnant or breastfeeding women.生活总是需要一点乐趣，有时滑稽看几场电影，这是一个不错的选择，美国“福布斯”杂志10部最有趣的电影，包括“空前绝后满天飞”中排名第一的历史，盘点总结，据统计每笑分点甚至达到3倍。这里告诉你这些的十部电影，我们没有看到任何？
TOP10：二流警探
剧情：一个警察局，侦探有两种，一种是巨石是塞缪尔。杰克逊，两名身强力壮，但缺乏智慧的，在小偷的过程中，跳楼身亡，警方开始谁是挣扎的继任者，平民和小警察部队皮疹，他成为合伙人 。
TOP9：王牌播音员
在电视播音员被认为是旧时代的权威，龙 ？ 彼得·莫尔甘蒂（威尔·法瑞尔威尔·法瑞尔 ？ 饰）是屡获殊荣的圣地亚哥王牌播音员，第4频道他的新闻同级小组的领导下多风，该组中的三个怪家伙只在长边大展拳脚。工作之余，生性风流郎自然不会放弃使用阴钩知名度，但一个女孩让他殴打维罗尼卡（埃伯盖特埃伯盖特 ？ 饰）实际上是该部的新同事，每个人都有发动进攻的结果维罗尼卡打掉了，龙终于被野生风度冰美人征服，Veronica和罗恩不同的期望，这个女人有强烈的事业心开始出现，并在工作郎的挑战位置，出车祸后，长寿命很快变得扑朔迷离起来 。
TOP8：独裁者
剧情：大独裁者是这个阿拉伯血统的演员的发挥，美国是具有讽刺意味的是，石油国家的独裁统治者，他们酒池肉林每一天的生活，但独裁者很孤独，而且阳痿，和美国发生性关系将无法正常工作，还请很多明星，包括照顾家庭“变形金刚1”。
不幸的是，有一个不好的独裁者叔叔，找像他这样的人，而不是他，他是在美国，会见了美国平胸女孩，在不同的政治环境下，两人一见钟情，该过程是观念 。
TOP7：美国派
四个美国男孩吉姆（贾森·比格斯贾森·比格斯 ？ 饰），凯文（托马斯·伊恩 ？ ？ 尼古拉斯·托马斯·伊恩·尼古拉斯饰），芬奇（艾迪·凯伊 ？ ？ 托马斯·艾迪·凯伊·托马斯饰），奥地利兹（克里斯·克莱恩克里斯·克莱因 ？ 饰）即将从高中毕业，但四个仍然lengtouqing（原生）。四个因此被嘲笑，他们还耿耿于怀，发誓要告别毕业前处女。
他们刚刚毕业晚会前，企图举行了一次聚会找到自己校队的女孩，告别了处女身。谁知道告别处男并没有想象中的简单，也不是设想，他们总是在最后一刻等原因而失去机会。
即将到来的毕业晚会，这是最后的机会，他们毕业前，四个人开始加紧准备步伐。
TOP6：白头神探
剧情：贝鲁特，黎巴嫩，从天上白头神探下降 ？ 弗兰克·赵本中尉（莱斯利·尼尔森莱斯利·尼尔森 ？ 饰）到一组美国破坏的稳定性和阿拉伯极端分子的团结一掌，但回到洛杉矶，弗兰克并没有得到回报，因为等待他的新情况：在调查贩毒案诺德伯格同事受重伤，一正值伊丽莎白女王参观弗兰克洛杉矶，奉命保卫女王只出时间来调查攻击事件诺德伯格情况下，接待委员会在女王访问时登顶，商人，文森特先生（里卡多·蒙塔尔班里卡多·蒙塔尔班 ？ 饰），是与毒品贩运案件有关的坦率尖锐的气味，文森特方面暗示 ？ 美助理简·斯宾塞（普瑞 ？ 希拉·普雷斯利普丽西拉普雷斯利饰）为了获得第一手资料接近弗兰克，警方。文
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first stichomythia of the play. Stichomythia is an exchange between two actors of swiftly spoken, emotionally charged single lines that in tragedy often constitutes a contest for supremacy.
22. Antigone's military image uses the common words for being captured and for handing a city or allies over to the enemy.
23. At this point, Antigone and Ismene no longer speak to one another in the dual.
24. The military image evokes the land warfare of the day, essentially a pitched battle fought by men, called hoplites after their shield (hoplon) at close quarters on level ground in a single melee. For hoplite warfare, see Victor Davis Hanson, The Western Way of War: Infantry Battle in Classical Greece (Oxford 1989).
25. The usual
translation her words, "having criminally done holy things," implies criticism
of Antigone's decision to perform rites for Polyneices. Antigone's language allows
two meanings: first, that she will do every thing holy and secondly that she will do holy
things in a criminal way.
Antigone must the mean the first, since she cannot be criticizing her own action, but Sophocles allows the audience to hear both meanings simultaneously.
26. Antigone proposes to conduct a cremation burial of the sort provided Elpenor:
A pit is dug as deep as six feet, and its bottom furrowed with channels for ventilation. Combustible material is placed into the pit, and bier is laid on top upon which rest the corpse. After the fire reduced the body to dust, a large mound of earth is heaped over the pit and the offering ditches. See figure.
27. The image intimates that the sisters are now navigating the ship of their fortunes on different voyages.
28. Antigone implies that she will be dead.
29. For the choristers as young men, see John J. Winkler, "The Ephebes' Song: TragŰidia and Polis" in Nothing to Do with Dionysus? ed. by John J. Winkler and Froma I. Zeitlin (Princeton 1990) 20-62.
30. The river Dirce was on the west side of Thebes.
31. Helios is imagined as the driver of his four-horse sun chariot in pursuit of the fleeing Argives. The image of light shining off the horses' bridles is uncertain.
32. "Quarrels" (neikeŰn) plays on the name Polyneices (He of Much Strife or Many Quarrels).
33. The "eagle" with "snow white wings" represents the Argives as the "dragon," the Thebans. Warriors are commonly compared to animals in Homer, while similes of birds embellish the attacks of his warriors.
34. One Argive used by synecdoche for all the Argives, the "them" of line 128.
35. Hephaestus, god of fire, is synonymous with his element, but other associations may be present. Hephaestus made Harmonia a necklace for her wedding with Cadmus (Apollodorus, The Library 3.4.2). Polyneices obtains the necklace and, with it, bribes Amphiareus' wife Eriphyle to persuade her husband to join the expedition against Thebes. Amphiareus refused Adrastus since, being a seer, he foresaw that all except Adrastus would perish.
36. Ares, divine embodiment of the berserker spirit of war, is the father of the dragon that Cadmus slew in the foundation myth of Thebes. Cadmus sowed the beast's teeth in the ground, and there sprung up armed men. These fell to slaying one another, and the five remaining Spartoi (Sown Men) became the ancestors of the Theban nobility. Cadmus atoned for the dragon's slaughter by serving Ares for eight years (Apollodorus, The Library 3.4.1-2). Sophocles uses dragon metaphorically for Thebans.
37. The man is usually identified as Capaneus, one of the seven leaders of the Argive king Adrastos' army, who had sworn an oath to lay waste Thebes with or without the consent of the gods (Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 423-31; Euripides, Phoenician Women 1172-86 and Suppliant Women 496-99).
38. The finishing lines referred to here are ropes or groves in a stone slab that mark the line where the runners line up evenly at the beginning of a race and to which they return.
39. The elders describe the man as a reveler enthused by the god Bacchus, that is, Dionysus. Sophocles may be using the stem bakch- to denote madness but a secondary reference to Dionysus seems unavoidable. Bacchus is a name, perhaps Lydian in origin, for Dionysus, and so his female worshipers who were aroused by the god to an ecstatic state, were called Bacchae (female Bacchuses) and Maenads (woman maddened with Dionysus).
40. In a four-horse racing team, the outer horses drew by ropes (traces), while the inner ones were harnessed to the yoke or collar. The chariot went down the right side of the course, turned around a post, and came back on the left. In the turn, the driver spurred the outer or right horse, at the same time slackening its reins. He then left it to the horse to resist centrifugal forces and pull the chariot around through the turn. See Homer, Iliad 23.334-43 for a description. The horse became a byword for a trusty helper in a time of need.
41. "Zeus Turner" is the god in his capacity as the maker of a "turning." When one side or part of a side in the clash of lines could no longer withstand the pressure of the pushing, it could weakened and collapse into rout--the moment of "turning."
42. A word meaning "ruler" is commonly inserted in the lacuna.
43. The Coryphaeus' verb derives from the same verb as the prothesis, the "laying forth" or wake, thus alluding to the Creon's denial of this ritual for Polyneices.
44. That is, the grandsons of Laius and sons of Oedipus, Eteocles and Polyneices.
45. By the fourth century, nearness of kin (anchisteia) had been defined by law to children of first cousins. W.K. Lacey (The Family in Classical Greece [London 1968] 28-29) describes this kinship group as "the group which was entitled, in due order, to succeed to vacant estates, and had legal duties and responsibilities in case of death within the group, especially if it was death by violence; the anchisteia was obliged to bury its own dead, and to seek vengeance, or at least purification, for the violent death of any of its members."
46. The Greek denotes a living body, not a corpse.
47. The Greek also denotes "custom." Since Creon has been making "laws" (177; 449), "law" would be what he would have heard, but "custom" is always present. "To use every custom" expresses a very different sentiment, one the Coryphaeus implies, it seems, by his qualifying "I suppose."
48. The Greek implies a "protector" or "guardian" for the corpse as well as watchmen to be "lookouts" for anyone who invades the domain he has asserted over Polyneices' corpse.
49. The reader must await the Watchman's words, but the spectator can see that the man stops often and turns around as if to leave, only to resume his progress toward the house.
50. The manuscripts have a verb that means "you take aim," a military image like that of the following verb. We have adopted an emendation that maintains the imagery but leads more smoothly into the second verb. The Watchman, as it were, returns to ranks and surrounds himself with defenders.
51. With the participle sÍmanŰn (to announce), Sophocles keeps the sound of the absence sÍma (marker by with a grave, a mound) upon the ears of those in the audience. We have tried to indicate the presence of a word with the root sÍm- by the English "mark."
52. Also: "skin" or "body."
53. The Greek pausai combines the explosive sound of the first syllable, "pow!" with the hissing sibilants of the second, "ssssssai," a far more violent sound than the English "stop." The effect surely was intensified by the Greek aversion to the sound of "s."
54. The Greek denotes both an established usage or custom and the current coin, that is, money.
55. Hades is used for both the god and the place.
56. Creon threatens the watchmen with being hung from a pole and left to die.
57. The Watchman's beeline for the gangway and the refuge in the countryside away from Creon visualizes his resolve. Thus the scene begins and ends on the spectacle of a single figure traversing the cavea of the audience.
58. That is, mules "who are better than oxen for dragging the jointed plow through the deep fallow (Homer, Iliad 10.352-53).
59. Namely, the wild goat.
60. In a mirroring effect, Sophocles has this scene reflect or draw the audience back to the earlier one involving the watchman. . In this way, he could use the similarities, both visually and verbally, to highlight the differences between the scenes. For mirroring scenes, see Taplin (above, note 5) 122-39.
61. "Heaven" is the seat of the gods. Also possible is "a pain reaching to heaven." The Greek does not suggest "heavenly" in the sense of "delightful" or "beatific."
62. Certainty is thwarted by syntactical ambiguity that allows at least a second reading: "an orphaned bed of nestlings' empty bedding."
63. The clause may also be translated: "when she sees a corpse bare," because it is not certain whether the adjective is attributive or predicate. The former indicates that the body is bare, while the latter implies that it was covered and has been laid bare.
64. We have changed our usual translation of the Greek verb from "do" to "act" in order to be able to mimic the absence of a direct object and so maintain the ambiguity of the original. Also in line 483.
65. Zeus Herkeios (Zeus of the Fence) protected the boundary of every Greek household and the possessions enclosed within. His altar stood in the courtyard where the master of the house (kyrios) conducted sacrifice and the "rite of sprinkling" of family, slaves and guests with water, a ritual binding those present to one another. Creon may be imagined as having conducted this rite with Antigone and Ismene many times.
66. Cadmus is the founder of Thebes, and so Thebans are also called Cadmeians.
67. The image is that of a dog putting its tail between its legs in fear.
68. Antigone's word is nomos. See above, note 47.
69. A common but mistaken translation is: "My nature is to join in love, not hate."
70. Ismene is surrounded by female slaves, companions of the women's quarters. They are not mentioned in the script, but when Creon orders Antigone and Ismene to be led inside the house, he addresses female slaves (578), so they must have escorted her outside.
71. Antigone's language allows two meanings: Ismene is an advocate for the living Creon and a mourner for the dead Creon. In each case she gives Creon her voice in aid.
72. Ismene returns for the last time to the dual number, implying that Antigone and she are once again an inseparable pair.
73. That is, Antigone, bride of Haemon whose name is formed from the root haim- (blood).
74. The verb translated "fit" denotes both "joining together" and "arranging a marriage."
75. When Creon asserts his mastery over the house of Labdacus, he assumes its history, and the house itself becomes a silent player in the drama.
76. Storms blowing from Thrace were in the northern Aegean. Athenians perhaps associated the stroms with the primitive and warlike peoples that inhabited Thrace.
77. Labdacus' sons are Laius and his son Oedipus. The assonance of p and n substitutes for that of the Greek in pi and mu.
78. Many editors accept the emendation of "knife" for "dust" of the manuscripts.
79. An Erinys is a divine being who avenges serious wrongs, including murder and perjury. She enforces the order of nature, may embody a curse, and brings mental blindness and ruin upon the perpetrator of wrongdoing or a descendant.
80. The archaism imitates Sophocles' use of a word from epic that is does not occur elsewhere in extant tragedy.
81. The actor playing Haemon must also be playing either Antigone or Ismene. If Antigone, the similarity of voice marks the harmony Ismene claimed for her and Haemon, while the voice of the Ismene actor would bring back the voice that defended Haemon to appeal to Creon in the person of Haemon himself. The actor wears the unbearded mask of a youth of some eighteen years. By contrast, Creon wears the bearded mask of the mature man.
82. Sophocles' language allows Creon to receive what Haemon says differently as a declaration of his loyalty to his father: "You guide things aright, since you have good judgments that I will follow."
83. Zeus of the Fence (above, note 65) oversees the sacredness of kin-blood and so may be referred to in this capacity as Zeus of Kin Blood.
84. Creon alludes to the oath of allegiance that every citizen ephebe took, which affirmed in part: "I will not desert the "stand-beside" whomever I may stand beside." In a formation of hoplites, the safety of all depended upon the cohesion of the line of men and shields. The straps on the hoplite's shield were so arranged that half of the shield extended beyond the man's left side, leaving his right side exposed. The man on his left used this part to defend his right side, while the man himself looked to the shield of the man on his right to protect his right side. Each man had to stand beside his fellow.
85. Some editors have challenged the authenticity of this line.
86. The military image of the scout is appropriate to Haemon's youth (718; 728) and to his status as an ephebe, someone who fought in ways opposite to those of a hoplite. The latter fought in the daylight in close quarters with the enemy. The epebe fought by ruse and at night along the borders of the domain.
87. The image seems to be taken from a writing tablet.
88. The "foot sheet" was one of the two ropes attached to the lower corners of the sail.
89. Literally, "it is by far older," and so, with the wisdom afforded the elders, "best," a compliment to Creon for being older and therefore "wiser."
90. "Ally" connotes an underling. Since the allies in the alliance led by Athenians, for the most, paid tribute to the Athenians, they were not considered as equals.
91. The translation derives from an emendation; that of manuscript is: "What threat is there to speak against empty judgments?"
92. Creon's language evokes the prothesis that he has denied Polyneices.
93. Translators of Antigone have removed Creon after line 780, finding his presence intolerable while Antigone is mourning for herself. Those very emotions argue for keeping Creon on stage so that the audience may experience the same feelings of violation.
94. The name of one of the rivers in the underworld.
95. This line, depending on the pronunciation of the first word, may also be translated as a question: "Are you not departing for the recesses of the dead with renown and praise?", which evokes an affirmative answer.
96. As a Phrygian or Lydian, Niobe is called a guest in the house of her Theban husband, Amphion. She boasted of having more children than the goddess Leto. The latter took affront, and her children Apollo and Artemis slew all or all but two of Niobe's. Niobe returned to her father Tantalus at Sipylus in Lydia where, after praying to Zeus, she transformed into a stone. From the stone, tears flow night and day (Apollodorus, Library 3.5.6). Niobe, usually considered a mortal woman, is treated by Sophocles as not merely of divine lineage but a goddess herself.
97. In the image, overhanging cliffs allude to Niobe's eyebrows and valleys to her throat or bosom.
98. Antigone reproaches the elders with hubris, behavior that reduces her to an object that may be treated as they wish without fear of penalty for violating her rights.
99. The archaic English is meant to reproduce the effect of strangeness in Antigone's word, one from epic poetry in the Aeolic dialect.
100. Antigone's word may also be translated "customs."
101. A metic is an alien who has changed (met-) his residency (oik- "house') and lives in Athens with a status above other foreigners but with military and financial obligations. As such, he is a citizen of neither his native polis nor that of the Athenians.
102. The prize that Oedipus won in the contest with the Sphinx is marriage with the dead King Laius' wife, Jocasta, and the throne of Thebes as well as the "suffering" that accrued from his victory.
103. The Greek allows that the tomb is both ever-guarding Antigone and ever-guarded by Antigone.
104. Persephone, wife of Hades, has many names.
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still ‘uncovered’ schools. The largest study in 2016 by Pratham, an NGO working on education issues, shows even in 2016 3.5% schools did not have a toilet, and 27.8% were unusable. The blind-spots are handwashing stations, the quality and frequency of hygiene education imparted to children and menstrual hygiene management facilities and education.
Against this background, the India Sanitation Coalition will hold a thematic online discussion about WASH in Schools in India. The discussion will run from 4 September – 23 September 2017 on the SuSanA Discussion Forum.
This discussion seeks your inputs on how to take WinS to an acceptable level where boys and girls have separate and adequate toilets, hand-washing facilities, hygiene is addressed in schools, and adolescent girls have usable menstrual hygiene facilities.
The issues we would seek your inputs on are:
- Discussion kick-off featuring two case stories from the Hindi Water Portal: What innovations have you come across in WinS by the government, companies or NGOs that are worth emulating? Mahesh Nathan from World Vision India will lead this topic (4 – 8 September)
- How has shifting the responsibility for WinS to MoHRD affected the condition of facilities and hygiene? What challenges remain and how can they be overcome? Arundhati Muralidharan, WaterAid, will lead this topic (9 – 13 September)
- How can companies contribute to WinS? What are examples of successful WASH contributions by companies? (14-18 September)
- Is the current monitoring system under DISE adequate and how can it be improved and tied to the SDGs? Srinivas Chary from the Administrative Staff College of India will lead this topic (19 – 23 September)
During the discussion, regular summaries of forum entries will be posted to keep you updated on our conversation. Coordination will be done by Nitya Jacob (SuSanA India Chapter Coordinator).
To join the discussion, follow: http://bit.ly/2xa7Ccq
And to read the first contribution by Mahesh Nathan, click on: http://bit.ly/2eGy05O
Studies by various development agencies and newspaper reports on status of WiNS that have indicated a large percentage of the surveyed toilets are dysfunctional even though most schools have toilets. Handwashing facilities are largely absent
Annual State of Education Report, 2016. ASER Centre, Pratham, New Delhi.He then tied a lock of his hair with a thread to keep the witches away. It may also be a veiled attempt at religious beliefs of the day.
Before he could get it out, it was already shriveled up. I got up and turned around in my tracks three times and crossed my breast every time; and then I tied up a little lock of my hair to keep witches away. Some examples of superstition in the novel are Huck killing a spider which is bad luck, the hair-ball used to tell fortunes, and the rattle-snake skin Huck touches that brings Huck and Jim good and bad luck.
Twain ridicules American Romantics for their fascination with the supernatural by showing a confounded Jim attempting to explain what happened to his hat. The mentioning of bad luck so early in the novel foreshadows impending bad events. The same if you shook the table-cloth after sundown.
Tom is shot, Emmeline dies, and the Shepherdsons and Grangerfords end up in a deadly clash. Below are several examples from the book.
He said he druther see the new moon over his left shoulder as much as a thousand times than take up a snake-skin in his hand.
Note how Huck feels more comfortable going to Jim to solve his problems than he does going to Widow Douglas or Tom Sawyer. In Chapter one Huck sees a spider crawling up his shoulder, so he flipped it off and it went into the flame of the candle. Huck and Jim use superstitions to make sense of the world, even if it makes no sense.
As Huck realizes, it seems that telling a lie can actually be a good thing, depending on its purpose.
Lies and Cons Huckleberry Finn is full of malicious lies and scams, many of them coming from the duke and the dauphin.
Huck viewed religion the same way we view his superstitions. Jim puts the quarter under the hair-ball. De white one gits him to go right a little while, den de black one sil in en gust it all up. In Chapter ten, Huck and Jim run into good luck and bad luck. Parodies of Popular Romance Novels Huckleberry Finn is full of people who base their lives on romantic literary models and stereotypes of various kinds.
As one can see Superstition plays an important role in the novel Huck Finn. And he said if a man owned a bee-hive, and that man died, the bees must be told about it before sun-up the next morning, or else the bees would all weaken down and quit work and die.
Ironically, Huck often knows better than the adults around him, even though he has lacked the guidance that a proper family and community should have offered him. If you want to read along, you can find the full text of the book online. Whereas Jim initially appears foolish to believe so unwaveringly in these kinds of signs and omens, it turns out, curiously, that many of his beliefs do indeed have some basis in reality or presage events to come.
Jim asks the hair-ball; Why is Pap here? Handling a dead snake-skin is the mother of all superstitions and ostensibly leads Jim and Huck into all sorts of bad luck adventures. So I went to him that night The deceased Emmeline Grangerford painted weepy maidens and wrote poems about dead children in the romantic style.
Yet Huck himself tells a number of lies and even cons a few people, most notably the slave-hunters, to whom he makes up a story about a smallpox outbreak in order to protect Jim.
However, there is a more substantive message beneath: The hair-ball talks to Jim and Jim tells Huck that it says. He took the rattles off and tied them to Jim wrist.
So Huck goes to Jim to ask him why Pap is here. After dinner on Friday, they are lying in the grass, then Huck ran out of tobacco, so he went to the craven to get some, and finds a rattlesnake.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: A Critical and Literary Analysis.
Mark Twain is one of America's best-known authors. In Huckleberry Finn, Twain addresses--through the character of Huck Finn--a.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: Rhetorical Analysis Essay Words Jan 30th, 4 Pages The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a novel written by Mark Twain, is an important literary work because of it's use of satire. In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain, there is a lot of superstition.
Some examples of superstition in the novel are Huck killing a spider which is bad luck, the hair-ball used to tell fortunes, and the rattle-snake skin Huck touches that brings Huck and Jim good and bad luck. Mark Twain's popular The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn contains several examples of Huck's wild superstitions.
Below are several examples from the book. Below are several examples from the book. If you want to read. Belief in the supernatural and superstition in general are the marks of multiple characters in the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.
It’s their mutual belief in certain superstitions that originally draws Huck and Jim together. Neither has a strong religious faith, and their belief in certain.
Literary Devices in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Picaresque Structure: Once Jim and Huck escape on the raft, the novel takes on an episodic structure that follows their visits to various places along the Mississippi River.Downloadعدم هماهنگی سران قوا، گرانی ها و آلودگی هوا، سبب افزایش شیوع کرونا شده اند
تاریخ انتشار:
يکشنبه ۲۷ مهر ۱۳۹۹ ساعت ۱۱:۱۷
رییس شورای اسلامی شهر تهران با بیان اینکه تعطیلی کامل تهران به مدت دو هفته اقدام موثر در جلوگیری از روند شیوع ویروس کرونا است گفت: افزایش آلودگی هوا ناشی از تردد خودروها، گرانی های اخیر و عدم هماهنگی سران قوا در اجرای سیاست های اثر گذار سبب شده تا سرعت شیوع ویروس کرونا افزایش پیدا کند.
محسن هاشمی پیش از آغاز دویست و چهل و سومین جلسه شورا و در جمع اصحاب رسانه با اشاره به وضعیت بحرانی تهران و کشور در خصوص شیوع ویروس کرونا و ضمن تبریک حلول ماه ربیع الاول گفت: در حال حاضر اخبار مربوط به شیوع ویروس کرونا در صدر اخبار دنیا قرار دارد و در برخی از کشور ها صحبت از موج دوم است اما متاسفانه در کشور ما صحبت از موج سوم است.
به گزارش روابط عمومی ستاد هماهنگی شورایاری ها، وی ادامه داد: متاسفانه این روزها آمار فوتی های روزانه ناشی از بیماری کووید 19 به سیصد نفر رسیده و آمار مبتلایان روزانه نیز در مرز 5 هزار نفر قرار دارد لذا به نظر می رسد باید اقدامات ویژه و موثر تری در راستای پیشگیری از شیوع هر چه بیشتر این ویروس انجام شود.
هاشمی در ادامه افزود: آنچه که به نظر می رسد در شرایط کنونی می تواند موثر واقع شود، تعطیلی کامل تهران و کلانشهر ها به مدت دو هفته است.
وی ادامه داد: این در شرایطی است که ما پدیده اینورژن را نیز در پیش داریم و تردد خودروها در شرایط آب و هوایی این روزها نیز بر آلودگی هوا افزوده و نیک می دانید که آلودگی هوا تاثیر شدیدی بر کاهش ایمنی بدن سالمندان و کودکان دارد و این یعنی شیوع بیشتر ویروس کرونا.
رییس شورای اسلامی شهر تهران اظهار داشت: از طرفی گرانی های اخیر نیز عاملی در جهت کاهش ایمنی بدن شهروندان شده است چرا که تغذیه مناسب یکی از راه های موثر تقویت ایمنی بدن می باشد اما گرانی های اخیر سبب شده شهروندان در این زمینه با مشکل مواجه شوند.
هاشمی افزود: این عوامل منجر به بروز استرس روانی در میان مردم شده است که خود به عنوان یک عامل مضر در تقویت ایمنی بدن مطرح است که می توان از این عوامل به عنوان تقویت کننده شیوع ویروس در این روزها یاد کرد.
رییس شورای اسلامی شهر تهران گفت: از طرفی ما شاهد عدم هماهنگی در سطح سران سه قوه هستیم و متاسفانه دائم به هم متلک پردانی می کنند آن هم متلک پرانی های بی خود و بچه گانه که هیچ سودی ندارد، لذا حداقل کار این است که تهران را به مدت دو هفته تعطیل کنند.
محسن هاشمی همچنین گفت: از گذشته شاهد بودید که ما در ایام افزایش آلودگی هوا طرح ترافیک را از درب منازل اجرا می کردیم تا خودروها بیرون نیایند در حالی که مدت ها است شاهد افزایش تردد خودرو ها هستیم لذا اگر فعالیت ها تعطیل شوند به تبع آن شاهد کاهش تردد در حمل و نقل خواهیم بود و این امر سبب کاهش آلودگی هوا می شود.
منبع: شورای شهر تهران
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Frase di Ayman Al-Zawahiri
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Düşünen adam heykelini Ünlü düşünen adam heykelini Fransız Auguste Rodin yapmıştır yapmıştır.
Ne, nedir, kaçıncıdır, nerededir, kimdir, kim yapmıştır, ne zaman olmuştur, hangi hangisidir türü sorulardan 'Düşünen adam heykelini kim yapmıştır?' sorusu ve cevabı.
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Başka Sorular
- Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün kuruluş merkezi neresidir?
- Dünya üzerindeki akarsuların hangisinde yerleşmeler oldukça düşük değildir?
- Dünyaca ünlü iki müslüman boks şampiyonunun adı nedir?
- Dünyada en çok kahve üretimi yapan ülke neresidir?
- Dünyada senede en fazla film üreten ülke hangi ülkedir?
- Dünyanın en büyük adası hangisidir?
- Dünyanın en çok dil konuşulan ülkesi hangisidir?
- Dünyanın en önemli arkeolojik eserlerinden biri olan ve Türkiye'den kaçırılan Bergama Zeus Sunağı hangi ülkededir?
- Dünyanın (ve Asyanın) en yüksek dağı hangisidir?
- Dünyanın kendi ekseni etrafında dönmesi ne kadar zamanda gerçekleşmektedir?
- Dünyanın, yoğunluk ve ağırlık bakımından en ağır elementlerin bulunduğu bölümüne verilen isim hangisidir?
- Düşünce karanlığına ışık tutanlara ne mutlu sözleri kime aittir?
- Düz arazi yada açık denizde gökle yerin birleşir gibi göründüğü yere verilen isim nedir?
- Ebegümeci nedir?
- Edebiyatımızda 'ilk köy romanı' sayılan eser hangisidir?The ABC’s of Conquering the Common Cold
Howard G. Smith, M.D.
Business Insider medical science, health, and wellness contributor
Video Podcast: http://bit.ly/2kTDYAU
Audio Podcast: http://bit.ly/2kTES02
The common cold season is upon us, and, each year, millions of us become afflicted. Colds are caused by more than 200 varieties of viruses and should only last about 5-8 days as these viruses are usually rapidly killed by our bodies’ immune systems. Unfortunately, in many cases, the damage caused by poorly managed colds permits the growth of bacteria that cause sinus and ear infections which drag on for weeks.
Most of us receive little guidance about how to manage our colds or those of our children in order to end these illnesses quickly. Internet searches for common cold treatments yield advice such as drinking lots of fluids and getting lots of sleep. No one can argue with this general advice, but it will not keep you or your children comfortable or your noses clean, clear, open, and dry. Unruly, lingering colds do lead to sinus and ear infections that often require oral antibiotics.
There is a better game plan for weathering colds that has been time-tested on thousands of children and their parents. A strategy that requires no prescription medications and mainly relies on agents applied to the nasal linings rather than taken orally. The method is as simple as ABCDE and is contained in 6 simple tips: FIVE things that you should do and ONE thing that you should avoid.
The program is called the ABCDE Program, and it involves FOUR ingredients that you take or give your child THREE times a day during the week of a cold. You begin the program immediately at the first signs of a common cold: nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and some sniffling. The FIFTH set of ingredients is helpful for managing lingering "colds."
The SIXTH tip is DON'T BLOW YOUR NOSE. The nose is an air intake and not a horn or a sewer outlet for snot. When you blow your nose, you force infected material up into the sinuses and the ears.
The ABCDE Program is easy to follow. At the first sign of a cold, you begin four daily treatments: morning, mid-day, afternoon, and evening. Each treatment consists of:
A -- a dose of an ANTI-INFLAMMATORY medication such as ibuprofen = Advil for those under 21 years or aspirin in a stomach-safe form for those over 21. This assumes that it is safe for you or your child to consume these common pain and fever killing medications. They are available in liquid form for infants and toddlers, in chewable form for children, and in tablet form for a adolescents and adults. It is NEVER safe for persons under 21 to consume aspirin due to its association with the deadly Reye’s Syndrome.
Ibuprofen and aspirin, both NSAIDS, neutralize many of the effects of cold viruses on your nasal and throat linings reducing not only congestion and mucus drainage but also suppressing sneezing and coughing.
B -- instillation of a BACTERIA-KILLING topical triple antibiotic ointment such as Neosporin™ or a store brand equivalent. This can be placed on the tip of a finger and rubbed inside the nostril. For babies, a Q-tip may be coated with the ointment and rolled around inside. It is amazing, though at what young ages infants find that their nostrils are an ideal receptacle for their fingertips. The triple antibiotic ointment suppresses bacterial growth and eliminates crusting thus reducing intranasal swelling and eliminating the bacteria that could lead to later nasal, sinus, and ear infections.
C -- a spray of CLEANSING, CHASING saline mist from an aerosol canister available as SimplySaline™, Ocean™, Little Remedies for Noses™, or store brands at any pharmacy. This puff of saline chases the antibiotic ointment back through the nose while cleansing the nasal cavities.
D -- DECONGESTANTS are the heart of the ABCD program as they are the agents that open the nasal airway and reduce the flow of nasal secretions allowing you and your child to breathe freely and stop sniffing and coughing. The choice of decongestant agent is age-dependent:
6 mo-2 yrs: Little Remedies for Noses (0.125% phenylephrine HCL).
2-6 yrs: Mild Neo Synephrine Nasal Spray (0.25% phenylephrine HCL).
6 yrs-adult: Afrin Nasal Spray (oxymetazoline HCL 0.05%) .
The common
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può essere sostituito con latte vegetale.
Riposarti dopo la prima colazione. Vuol dire che si saranno essere bruciare i grassi mentre controllare la vostra macchina di peso e vedere i risultati.
Magari bastasse solo fare la prima colazione per dimagrire, la perdita di peso come la perdita di peso, non può essere di quelle che non salta la colazione.
anche per coloro che cercano di perdere peso. Saltare la prima colazione può contrastare la perdita di peso, di peso si può essere su. La colazione.
Che ne dite di questo interessante scossa moka contribuendo molto al suo regime la perdita di peso? Questo può essere fatto e bevande per la prima colazione.
Favorisce la perdita di peso Pillole che aiutano Questo articolo può essere consegnato in un punto di della colazione e una prima del pranzo.
un programma per la perdita di peso bisogna cercare di la prima colazione alle perdita di massa magra con il modello PM può essere dovuto.
Bere 500 ml di acqua mezza un'ora prima di colazione, pranzo e cena può che l'acqua è essenziale per la può essere efficace per la perdita.
La prima colazione è il pasto più importante della giornata, deve essere nutriente e ricca per *Tempi e quantità della perdita di peso variano.
Saltate la prima colazione. Saltare la colazione può può essere ingannevole, dal momento che per i vostri obiettivi di perdita.
Perdita di Peso; Rimedi un’ottima fonte proteica da consumare per la prima colazione. può essere cosparso da un cucchiaino di marmellata oppure.
Lo sapevate che mangiare una mela prima di un piatto di pasta può In generale può essere usata per l’idea che la perdita.
Che Cucino » Mangiare in salute » La Prima Colazione per di prodotti per la vostra colazione cercando di costruire un può essere assunto.
Sapevate che per perdere peso basta mangiare orari è fondamentale per avere una perdita di peso la prima colazione fa aumentare gli zuccheri.
prima di colazione e dopo essere andato in bagno. Ossessionarsi con la perdita di peso può portare a Ricorda che una dieta è il metodo.
La colazione che ti aiuta a perdere peso Balsamo dei capelli può essere la soluzione ideale per risolvere vari favoriamo anche la perdita di peso:.
La prima colazione è un toccasana, ma può far l’aumento di peso. Questo però non significa che basti per verificare.
preferibilmente prima della prima colazione, se necessario può possono essere utili per è la perdita di peso. Vedrete che abbinato.
Può essere doloroso per rendersi conto che il vostro cane non sta guadagnando peso, nonostante la quantità di cibo che gli date. Prima di versare il cibo nella.
la prima colazione, per evitare la sensazione di nel frigo per essere sicura di averne perdita di peso è assicurarti che non contengano.
La perdita di peso non dimostra invece che saltare la prima colazione può far Se da una parte questo rimedio può essere utile.
Saltare la prima colazione può essere molto pericoloso per la linea, perché predispone ad attacchi di fame incontrollata durante la giornata.
prenotare come perdere peso L'ipnosi per il video di YouTube la perdita di peso velocemente Allen Carr che puo essere mangiato con dieta proteica.مهر:شاخص کل بورس در یک ساعت و نیم نخست معاملات امروز دوشنبه ۲۹ شهریور بازار سرمایه، با رشد ۷ هزار و ۴۲۷ واحدی به یک میلیون و ۴۲۷ هزار واحد افزایش یافت.
شاخص هم وزن نیز ۱۶۸۸ واحد مثبت شد و به رقم ۴۳۲ هزار و ۷۰۰ واحدی دست یافت.
فملی، شستا و مبین در میان نمادهای شاخص ساز و کیمیاتک، برکت و سپید در میان پرتراکنش ترین ها جای گرفته اند.
فرابورس نیز ۲۴ واحد در مدار رشد بود و ۲۱ هزار و ۱۷۱ واحد رسید.
نظر شماانواع دسته های مهر اتوماتیک و دسته های برجسته مهر توسط ایرانیان به صورت خام و به همراه ژلاتین به فروش می رسد که برخی از آنها را می توانید در این بخش مشاهده بفرمایید.
نشانی ایمیل شما منتشر نخواهد شد. بخشهای موردنیاز علامتگذاری شدهاند *
لطفا پاسخ را به عدد انگلیسی وارد کنید:Children’s Books for Black History Month: Find these books at your local library or purchase through the affiliate links provided for your convenience.
The African American experience is one all Americans ought to understand, but parents often just don’t know where to begin. Rather than shying away from talking about it, introduce the conversation to your children with books for Black History Month. Children’s picture books give kids multiple way to understand and learn by combining visual cues with words.
Tonight, don’t shy away from important books. Embrace these children’s books for Black History Month, which focus on not just history but also the African-American experience. And don’t let the conversation end here! I have gathered with fellow bloggers to share even more ideas to celebrate Black History Month, hosted by a personal favorite destination — Multicultural Kid Blogs.
I write so often about books, I’ve put them in one central location and created a collection of all of my book lists on The Jenny Evolution! Find more great reading book lists here.
Children’s Books for Black History Month
A Sweet Smell of Roses: There’s a sweet, sweet smell in the air as two young girls sneak out of their house, down the street, and across town to where men and women are gathered, ready to march for freedom and justice. Inspired by countless children and young adults who took a stand, two Coretta Scott King honorees offer a heart-lifting glimpse of children’s roles in the civil rights movement.
White Socks Only: In the segregated south, a young girl thinks that she can drink from a fountain marked “Whites Only” because she is wearing her white socks.
Boycott Blues: How Rosa Parks Inspired a Nation: Andrea Davis Pinkney and Brian Pinkney present a poignant, blues-infused tribute to the men and women of the Montgomery bus boycott, who refused to give up until they got justice.
I, Too, Am America: Langston Hughes was a courageous voice of his time, and his authentic call for equality still rings true today. Beautiful paintings from Barack Obama illustrator Bryan Collier accompany and reinvent the celebrated lines of the poem “I, Too,” creating a breathtaking reminder to all Americans that we are united despite our differences. This picture book of Langston Hughes’s celebrated poem, “I, Too, Am America,” is also a Common Core Text Exemplar for Poetry.
Child of the Civil Rights Movement (Junior Library Guild Selection): In this Bank Street College of Education Best Children’s Book of the Year, Paula Young Shelton, daughter of Civil Rights activist Andrew Young, brings a child’s unique perspective to an important chapter in America’s history. Paula grew up in the deep south, in a world where whites had and blacks did not. With an activist father and a community of leaders surrounding her, including Uncle Martin (Martin Luther King), Paula watched and listened to the struggles, eventually joining with her family—and thousands of others—in the historic march from Selma to Montgomery.
Ellen’s Broom (Coretta Scott King Honor – Illustrator Honor Title): A young girl learns a new meaning for freedom during the time of Reconstruction Ellen always knew the broom resting above the hearth was special. Before it was legal for her mother and father to officially be married, the broom was what made them a family anyway. But now all former slaves who had already been married in their hearts could register as lawful husband and wife. When Ellen and her family make the long trip to the courthouse dressed in their best, she brings the broom her parents had jumped so many years before. Even though freedom has come, Ellen knows the old traditions are important too. After Mama and Papa’s names are recorded in the register, Ellen nearly bursts with pride as her parents jump the broom once again.
Sweet Clara and the Freedom Quilt: As a seamstress in the Big House, Clara dreams of a reunion with her Momma, who lives on another plantation–and even of running away to freedom. Then she overhears two slaves talking about the Underground Railroad. In a flash of inspiration, Clara sees how she can use the cloth in her scrap bag to make a map of the land–a freedom quilt–that no master will ever suspect.
Freedom Summer: Joe and John Henry are a lot alike. They both like shooting marbles, they both want to be firemen, and they both love to swim. But there’s one important way they’re different: Joe is white and John Henry is black, and in the South in 1964, that means John Henry isn’t allowed to do everything his best friend is. Then a law is passed that forbids segregation and opens the town pool to everyone. Joe and John Henry are so excited they race each other there…only to discover that it takes more than a new law to change people’s hearts.
This Is the Rope: A Story From the Great Migration: The story of one family’s journey north during the Great Migration starts with a little girl in South Carolina who finds a rope under a tree one summer. She has no idea the rope will become part of her family’s history. But for three generations, that rope is passed down, used for everything from jump rope games to tying suitcases onto a car for the big move north to New York City, and even for a family reunion where that first little girl is now a grandmother.
Hope’s Gift: A poignant story celebrating the 150th anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation. It’s 1862 and the Civil War has turned out to be a long, deadly conflict. Hope’s father can’t stand the waiting a minute longer and decides to join the Union army to fight for freedom. He slips away one tearful night, leaving Hope, who knows she may never see her father again, with only a conch shell for comfort. Its sound, Papa says, echoes the promised song of freedom. It’s a long wait for freedom and on the nights when the cannons roar, Papa seems farther away than ever. But then Lincoln finally does it: on January 1, 1863, he issues the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing the slaves, and a joyful Hope finally spies the outline of a familiar man standing on the horizon.
White Water: It’s a scorching hot day, and going into town with Grandma is one of Micheal’s favorite things. When the bus pulls up, they climb in and pay their fare, get out, walk to the back door, and climb in again. By the time they arrive in town, Micheal’s throat is as dry as a bone, so he runs to the water fountain. But after a few sips, the warm, rusty water tastes bad. Why is the kid at the “Whites Only” fountain still drinking? Is his water clear and refreshingly cool? No matter how much trouble Michael might get into, he’s determined to find out for himself. Based on a transformative experience co-author Michael Bandy had as a boy, this compelling story sheds light on the reality of segregation through a child’s eyes, while showing the powerful awareness that comes from daring to question the way things are.
Remember: The Journey to School Integration (Bccb Blue Ribbon Nonfiction Book Award): Toni Morrison has collected a treasure chest of archival photographs that depict the historical events surrounding school desegregation. These unforgettable images serve as the inspiration for Ms. Morrison’s text—a fictional account of the dialogue and emotions of the children who lived during the era of “separate but equal” schooling. Remember is a unique pictorial and narrative journey that introduces children to a watershed period in American history and its relevance to us today.
Ruth and the Green Book: Ruth was so excited to take a trip in her family’s new car! In the early 1950s, few African Americans could afford to buy cars, so this would be an adventure. But she soon found out that black travelers weren’t treated very well in some towns. Many hotels and gas stations refused service to black people. Daddy was upset about something called Jim Crow laws… Finally, a friendly attendant at a gas station showed Ruth’s family The Green Book. It listed all of the places that would welcome black travelers. With this guidebook—and the kindness of strangers—Ruth could finally make a safe journey from Chicago to her grandma’s house in Alabama.
Back of the Bus: A boy and his mother are riding the bus in Montgomery, Alabama like any other day—way in the back of the bus. The boy passes time by watching his marble roll up and down the aisle with the motion of the bus… Until a big commotion breaks out from way up front. With simple words and powerful illustrations, Aaron Reynolds and Coretta Scott King medalist Floyd Cooper recount the pivotal arrest of Rosa Parks at the dawn of the Civil Rights Movement.
The Great Migration: Journey to the North: When Eloise Greenfield was four months old, her family moved from their home in Parmele, North Carolina, to Washington, D.C. Before Jan Spivey Gilchrist was born, her mother moved from Arkansas and her father moved from Mississippi. Both settled in Chicago, Illinois. Though none of them knew it at the time, they had all become part of the Great Migration. In this collection of poems and collage artwork, award winners Eloise Greenfield and Jan Spivey Gilchrist gracefully depict the experiences of families like their own, who found the courage to leave their homes behind during The Great Migration and make new lives for themselves elsewhere.
This Is the Dream: The United States of America was founded on the declaration that all men are created equal. But nearly two hundred years after that proclamation, America was still deeply segregated. Slowly but surely, powerful leaders as well as everyday citizens spoke up for their dreams and beliefs. Soon, a people proud and strong stood up as one for their rights, and a new America came to be.
Ben and the Emancipation Proclamation: A self-taught young slave astonishes his fellow prisoners by reading aloud the newspaper account of Lincoln’s new emancipation proclamation. Based on actual events.
We March: On August 28, 1963, a remarkable event took place–more than 250,000 people gathered in our nation’s capital to participate in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The march began at the Washington Monument and ended with a rally at the Lincoln Memorial, where Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his historic “I Have a Dream” speech, advocating racial harmony. Many words have been written about that day, but few so delicate and powerful as those presented here by award-winning author and illustrator Shane W. Evans. When combined with his simple yet compelling illustrations, the thrill of the day is brought to life for even the youngest reader to experience.
Goin’ Someplace Special: There’s a place in this 1950s southern town where all are welcome, no matter what their skin color…and ‘Tricia Ann knows exactly how to get there. To her, it’s someplace special and she’s bursting to go by herself. When her grandmother sees that she’s ready to take such a big step, ‘Tricia Ann hurries to catch the bus heading downtown. But unlike the white passengers, she must sit in the back behind the Jim Crow sign and wonder why life’s so unfair. Still, for each hurtful sign seen and painful comment heard, there’s a friend around the corner reminding ‘Tricia Ann that she’s not alone. And even her grandmother’s words — “You are somedbody, a human being — no better, no worse than anybody else in this world” — echo in her head, lifting her spirits and pushing her forward.
The Entrance Place of Wonders: Poems of the Harlem Renaissance: A remarkable and much-needed collection for the youngest lovers of poetry, Entrance Place of Wonders: Poems of the Harlem Renaissance features poems from the leaders of this cultural movement (1917-1935), such as Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen, Claude McKay, and James Weldon Johnson, as well as many newly discovered writers. These celebratory, life-affirming works will inspire children, parents, and educators while paying homage to one of the most exciting and significant times in American history.
Don’t forget to see how other parents are sharing Black History Month with their kids.This is a delightful little book, aimed at relative newbies to astronomy. It provides an outline of astronomical science and how this knowledge has been achieved.
Its claim to be an introductory guide does not diminish its scope. It deals with the arrangement of the sky, the behaviour and properties of the Solar System’s family, the structure and life of stars and thence to cosmology. Even the relatively new field of exobiology is given treatment. Underlying all is the thread of how knowledge of the universe has come to light and the advancing tools used for its exploration.
This primer’s format gives each subject thoughtful, concise treatment, in manageable bite-sized chunks. This makes it possible to easily absorb one or perhaps two of its chapters in a single sitting. Within the text, one piece of information slips imperceptibly into the next, gently building up a knowledge base, until by a chapter’s conclusion a wealth of information has been absorbed.
The author’s skill at explaining difficult or convoluted concepts simply is well demonstrated. Taking just one example, the approach used to weigh the components of a binary star system is so elegantly explained that it is fully accomplished within a single small paragraph. Technical terms have been kept to a necessary minimum, with even these being addressed by a fulsome glossary.
The production quality is remarkably lavish, given the cover price. Indeed, I was unable to open the book at any page (save in the glossary) that did not present one or more full colour images or diagrams.
Completion of this book will leave the reader more than satisfactorily armed to deal with all they meet afterwards in the field of astronomy. The book therefore succeeds very well in its aim as an astronomy primer, making it an excellent companion for anyone with a new telescope who wishes to understand what they are looking at.
Reviewed by Steve RingwoodThe St. Pius X Preschool curriculum consists of developmentally age-appropriate lessons that emphasize exploration and participation. Activities and lessons promote growth in areas of spiritual, social, emotional, cognitive, physical and creative development. The curriculum is divided into thematic units, which are used as focal points to introduce and develop educational and social skills. Our curriculum emphasizes the practice of “hands-on learning” while listening and speaking through group and individual play, which are also integral parts of the program.
Catholic Christian values are integrated throughout the school day and Religion is formally taught once a week through an age-appropriate
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