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20231101.en_1462064_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintergreen
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Wintergreen
|
Beck TR, Beck JB (1963). Elements of Medical Jurisprudence, ed 11. Philadelphia, JB Lippincott, 1963.
| 0.5 | 12,372.628554 |
20231101.en_5768_16
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus's poetry was influenced by the innovative poetry of the Hellenistic Age, and especially by Callimachus and the Alexandrian school, which had propagated a new style of poetry that deliberately turned away from the classical epic poetry in the tradition of Homer. Cicero called these local innovators neoteroi () or "moderns" (in Latin poetae novi or 'new poets'), in that they cast off the heroic model handed down from Ennius in order to strike new ground and ring a contemporary note. Catullus and Callimachus did not describe the feats of ancient heroes and gods (except perhaps in re-evaluating and predominantly artistic circumstances, e.g. poems 63 and 64), focusing instead on small-scale personal themes. Although these poems sometimes seem quite superficial and their subjects often are mere everyday concerns, they are accomplished works of art. Catullus described his work as expolitum, or polished, to show that the language he used was very carefully and artistically composed.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_17
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus was also an admirer of Sappho, a female poet of the seventh century BCE. Catullus 51 partly translates, partly imitates, and transforms Sappho 31. Some hypothesize that 61 and 62 were perhaps inspired by lost works of Sappho but this is purely speculative. Both of the latter are epithalamia, a form of laudatory or erotic wedding-poetry that Sappho was famous for. Catullus twice used a meter that Sappho was known for, called the Sapphic stanza, in poems 11 and 51, perhaps prompting his successor Horace's interest in the form.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_18
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus, as was common to his era, was greatly influenced by stories from Greek and Roman myth. His longer poems—such as 63, 64, 65, 66, and 68—allude to mythology in various ways. Some stories he refers to are the wedding of Peleus and Thetis, the departure of the Argonauts, Theseus and the Minotaur, Ariadne's abandonment, Tereus and Procne, as well as Protesilaus and Laodamia.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_19
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus wrote in many different meters including hendecasyllabic verse and elegiac couplets (common in love poetry). A great part of his poetry shows strong and occasionally wild emotions, especially in regard to Lesbia (e.g., poems 5 and 7). His love poems are very emotional and ardent, and are relatable to this day. Catullus describes his Lesbia as having multiple suitors and often showing little affection towards him. He also demonstrates a great sense of humour such as in Catullus 13.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
The Hungarian born British composer Matyas Seiber set poem 31 for unaccompanied mixed chorus Sirmio in 1957. The American composer Ned Rorem set Catullus 101 to music for voice and piano; the song, "Catallus: On the Burial of His Brother", was originally published in 1969.
| 1 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus Dreams (2011) is a song cycle by David Glaser set to texts of Catullus, scored for soprano and seven instruments; it premiered at Symphony Space in New York by soprano Linda Larson and Sequitur Ensemble. "Carmina Catulli" is a song cycle arranged from 17 of Catullus's poems by American composer Michael Linton. The cycle was recorded in December 2013 and premiered at Carnegie Hall's Weill Recital Hall in March 2014 by French baritone Edwin Crossley-Mercer and pianist Jason Paul Peterson.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Thomas Campion also wrote a lute-song using his own translation of the first six lines of Catullus 5 followed by two verses of his own; the translation by Richard Crashaw was set to music in a four-part glee by Samuel Webbe Jr. It was also set to music, in a three-part glee by John Stafford Smith.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_23
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
Catullus 5, the love poem "Vivamus mea Lesbia atque amemus", in the translation by Ben Jonson, was set to music, (lute accompanied song) by Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger. Dutch composer Bertha Tideman-Wijers used Catullus's text for her composition Variations on Valerius "Where that one already turns or turns." The Icelandic composer Jóhann Jóhannsson set Catullus 85 to music; entitled "Odi Et Amo", the song is found on Jóhannsson's album Englabörn, and is sung through a vocoder, and the music is played by a string quartet and piano. Catulli Carmina is a cantata by Carl Orff set to the texts of Catullus. Finnish jazz singer Reine Rimón has recorded poems of Catullus set to standard jazz tunes.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_5768_24
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catullus
|
Catullus
|
The 1888 play Lesbia by Richard Davey depicts the relationship between Catullus and Lesbia, based on incidents from his poems.
| 0.5 | 12,371.89079 |
20231101.en_1749753_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
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Atopy
|
The term atopy was coined by Arthur F. Coca and Robert Cooke in 1923. Many physicians and scientists use the term "atopy" for any IgE-mediated reaction (even those that are appropriate and proportional to the antigen), but many pediatricians reserve the word "atopy" for a genetically mediated predisposition to an excessive IgE reaction. The term is from Greek ἀτοπία meaning "the state of being out of place", "absurdity".
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
Atopic sensitization is considered IgE positivity or prick test positivity to any common food- or air-borne allergen. Atopic conditions are considered: atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), allergic asthma, atopic keratoconjunctivitis. The likelihood of having asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis together is 10 times higher than could be expected by chance. Atopy is more common among individuals with a number of different conditions, such as eosinophilic esophagitis and non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
In an allergic reaction, initial exposure to an otherwise harmless exogenous substance (known as an allergen) triggers the production of specific IgE antibodies by activated B cells. These IgE antibodies bind to the surface of mast cells via high-affinity IgE receptors, a step that is not itself associated with a clinical response. However, upon re-exposure, the allergen binds to membrane-bound IgE which activates the mast cells, releasing a variety of mediators. This type I hypersensitivity reaction is the basis of the symptoms of allergic reactions, which range from sneezing and rhinorrhoea to anaphylaxis. Allergens can be a number of different substances, for example pollen, dander, dust mites, and foods.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
Atopic reactions are caused by localized hypersensitivity reactions to an allergen. Atopy appears to show a strong hereditary component. One study concludes that the risk of developing atopic dermatitis (3%) or atopy in general (7%) "increases by a factor of two with each first-degree family member already suffering from atopy". As well, maternal stress and perinatal programming is increasingly understood as a root cause of atopy, finding that "...trauma may be a particularly robust potentiator of the cascade of biological events that increase vulnerability to atopy and may help explain the increased risk found in low-income urban populations."
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
Environmental factors are also thought to play a role in the development of atopy, and the 'hygiene hypothesis' is one of the models that may explain the steep rise in the incidence of atopic diseases, though this hypothesis is incomplete and in some cases, contradictory to findings. This hypothesis proposes that excess 'cleanliness' in an infant's or child's environment can lead to a decline in the number of infectious stimuli that are necessary for the proper development of the immune system. The decrease in exposure to infectious stimuli may result in an imbalance between the infectious-response ("protective") elements and the allergic-response ("false alarm") elements within the immune system.
| 1 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
Some studies also suggest that the maternal diet during pregnancy may be a causal factor in atopic diseases (including asthma) in offspring, suggesting that consumption of antioxidants, certain lipids, and/or a Mediterranean diet may help to prevent atopic diseases.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
A Swedish research study titled "Atopy In Children Of Families With An Anthroposophic Lifestyle" comparing the rate of bronchial asthma, allergies, dermatitis, and other atopic diseases among Steiner school pupils and pupils in public schools originally appeared in the May 1, 1999, edition of the British medical journal The Lancet. The findings indicated that Steiner school pupils were "at a significantly lower risk of atopy" than children attending public schools. The researchers investigated a variety of factors in the lives of the Steiner school pupils that might have contributed to this lower rate of atopy, which included breastfeeding, reduced immunization, avoidance of antibiotics and medications that reduce fevers, consumption of bio-dynamic and organic foods, and other physical aspects of the children's lives.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
The multicenter PARSIFAL study in 2006, involving 6,630 children age 5 to 13 in 5 European countries, suggested that reduced use of antibiotics and antipyretics is associated with a reduced risk of allergic disease in children.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1749753_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atopy
|
Atopy
|
There is a strong genetic predisposition toward atopic allergies, especially on the maternal side. Because of the strong familial evidence, investigators have tried to map susceptibility genes for atopy. Genes for atopy (C11orf30, STAT6, SLC25A46, HLA-DQB1, IL1RL1/IL18R1, TLR1/TLR6/TLR10, LPP, MYC/PVT1, IL2/ADAD1, HLA-B/MICA) tend to be involved in allergic responses or other components of the immune system. The gene C11orf30 seems to be the most relevant for atopy as it may increase susceptibility to poly-sensitization.
| 0.5 | 12,369.650863 |
20231101.en_1518956_16
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
The most popular sport played among the youth is by far football. It is very normal to see a group of boys and young men from around the area playing in makeshift fields in parking lots, or in a large open area. Beach football is also a common sight to see along the beach in the Al-Haffa district. Another popular sport in Salalah is volleyball. Although not as popular as football the game is frequently played, special in the beach of Salalah.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_17
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
Currently Salalah has two colleges, the Salalah College of Technology and Salalah College of Applied Science, both of which are government owned and sponsored.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_18
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
The Salalah College of Applied Sciences incorporates an English Department. Its aim is to offer students a solid grasp of the English language so that they may go on to complete further studies in important sectors such as I.T. and Communication and Design.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_19
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
Salalah is also home to a private university, Dhofar University which is one of the largest in the region. It has significant shares owned by Mustahil Al-Mashani, uncle of Sultan Qaboos bin Said. Recently the university has constructed a new campus worth 25 million OR.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
British School Salalah was founded in 1970. The school follows the National Curriculum of England and Wales, and offers schooling to children from Reception to Year 10 (Year 11 from August 2021). It is also situated in Dahariz next to the Indian School and Pakistani School.
| 1 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
|
Salalah
|
The Indian School Salalah, established in 1981, is an Indian-run, self-financing, co-educational institution, primarily established to meet the academic needs of children of Indian expatriates working in Salalah. The Indian School Salalah is the largest English-medium school in Salalah and it also admits children of other nationalities. The school is located in the North Dahariz area, of Salalah town.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
|
Salalah
|
Pakistan School Salalah is a Pakistani co-educational high school which was established in the year 1982. The school is situated adjacent to the Indian School in Salalah Dahariz north.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_23
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
|
Salalah
|
Salalah International Airport mainly caters to domestic flights from Muscat and some International flights from India and regional Arab countries such as Qatar, U.A.E, and Saudi Arabia. Oman Air, the national airline operates five flights daily from Salalah to Muscat, the capital city and also two flights to Dubai weekly. Oman Air introduced Oman Air Pass for regular travelers between Salalah and Muscat. Qatar Airways has daily flights from Salalah to Doha connecting to over 130 destinations worldwide. Very convenient connections are available to destinations in Europe, the Americas, Africa, Asia and Australia. There is also a direct weekly flight from and to Kochi, Kozhikode (Calicut), and Thiruvananthapuram operated by Air India Express for the Malayalee expatriates. During the Khareef Season (Monsoons) there are weekly flights to other international destinations including Sweden and Turkey. There are also transit flights to almost all countries. The new International airport opened on 15 June 2015 and the old Airport has since then been converted into a Domestic and emergency Airport.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_1518956_24
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salalah
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Salalah
|
There is a daily bus service from Deira, Dubai, UAE to Salalah at 3pm. There is daily bus service between Muscat and Salalah from many bus service providers.
| 0.5 | 12,360.082147 |
20231101.en_30863791_42
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
The phenomena of runaways and slave rebellions began early in Veracruz with many escaping to the mountainous areas in the west of the state, near Orizaba and the Puebla border. Here groups of escaped slaves established defiant communities called palenques to resist Spanish authorities. The most important Palenque was established in 1570 by Gaspar Yanga and stood against the Spanish for about forty years until the Spanish were forced to recognize it as a free community in 1609, with the name of San Lorenzo de los Negros. It was renamed Yanga in 1932. Yanga was the first municipality of freed slaves in the Americas. However, the town proper has almost no people of obvious African heritage. Such people live in the smaller, more rural communities.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_43
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
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Afro-Mexicans
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Because African descendants dispersed widely into the general population, African and Afro-Cuban influence can be seen in Veracruz's music dance, improvised poetry, magical practices and especially food. Veracruz son music, known as son jarocho and best known through the popularity of the hit "La Bamba" shows a mixture of Andalusian, Canary Islander and African influence.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_44
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
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Afro-Mexicans
|
Towns in north Mexico especially in Coahuila and along the country's border with Texas, also have Afro-Mexican populations and presence. Some enslaved and free Black Americans migrated into northern Mexico in the 19th century from the United States. A few of the routes of the Underground Railroad led to Mexico. One particular group was the Mascogos, a branch of Black Seminoles, originally from Florida, who escaped enslavement and free Black Americans intermingled with Seminole natives. Many of them settled in and around the town of El Nacimiento, Coahuila, where their descendants remain.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_45
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
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Afro-Mexicans
|
A new category was added recently to the Census. An article by Pew Research Center focusing on different areas of Latin America utilized polls and concluded United States Latinos of Caribbean descent are more likely to identify as Afro-Latinos than others who have roots somewhere else. Mexico was going through changes because of its citizens’ demands for a new category to include the Black population of the country. The added category brought attention to the way Mexico has been denying its ties to Africa. An article in The Guardian noted that Afro-Mexicans are being ignored by their own government due to their African roots. Latin America has experienced problems with colorism throughout its history into the present day, where darker individuals do not receive the same opportunities as those with lighter complexions. Colorism is deeply rooted in Mexico, as noted in an article titled “We exist. We’re here’: Afro-Mexicans make the census after long struggle for recognition” which says “classic discrimination due to skin colour. [They think] if you’re black, you’re not Mexican” this often leads to a bigger problem. Just because you have a darker complexion you are presented with more economic barriers than someone with a lighter complexion, you will not be able to obtain the same amount of resources because you will be pushed aside by the government.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_46
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
In this article, they also mentioned that when Mexican President Andrés Manuel López Obrador went to visit the region of Costa Chica, he complained about the roads and the resources available to people who lived there. Now even though he had complained about this, he did completely nothing to change it. With this article, many are able to see the ways in which political figures notice the lack of economic opportunities in these places and the ways in which they are never changed. This brings attention to the lack of care or importance present in the country and is often reflected in areas where African roots are present.
| 1 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_47
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
Both bananas and plantains originate from Eastern Asia, but by the time of European colonization they were readily available on the African continent where they would make their way to the new world. Bananas were reported in Mexico as early as the mid-1500s. The word banana itself derives from the wolof word banana.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_48
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
Although not common, okra is primarily consumed in the northern region of Mexico, where it is called ocra and the southern region of Mexico where it is called quimbombó. The word ocra and okra derive from the Igbo word okuru in reference to the same plant. The word quimbombó derives from the Kimbundu word Ki-ngombo.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_49
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
Cowpeas, the main variety of which being black-eyed peas are another uncommon crop of Mexico but in the state of Guanajuato where they are called Vericonas. Cowpeas originate and were domesticated in West Africa and made their way to the new world vis the Trans-atlantic slave trade. By the 1500s the state of Guanajuato was noted for its large African population where by 1580 roughly 800 slaves were reported working in a singular mine.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_30863791_50
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afro-Mexicans
|
Afro-Mexicans
|
Son Jarocho is a regional folk musical style of Mexican Son from Veracruz, a Mexican state along the Gulf of Mexico. It is the fusion of Spanish and African musical elements, reflecting the population which evolved in the region from Spanish colonial times.
| 0.5 | 12,360.06128 |
20231101.en_364786_49
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Matthew Dobson, Rugby Union player. Attended Merchiston Preparatory School & St. Charles College, Pietermaritzburg
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_50
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Sarel Erwee, South Africa national cricket team player. Attended St. Charles College, Pietermaritzburg.
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_51
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Brett Evans, (born 8 March 1982) South African Football (soccer) player attended Merchiston Preparatory School and Maritzburg College and played for Maritzburg City as an amateur
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_52
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Archie Gumede, leader of the United Democratic Front (South Africa) and Member of the Parliament of South Africa
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_53
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Jonathan Handley, singer-songwriter (born 1954), originally from Springs, founder of The Radio Rats who in 1979 had a hit single "ZX Dan" on Radio 5 (now 5FM)
| 1 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_54
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Butch James, Springbok and rugby player attended Maritzburg College from 1994 to 2000. He played for Colleges' 3rd team.
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_55
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Stratford Johns, (22 September 1925 – 29 January 2002) British stage, film and television actor. Left for Britain in 1948.
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_56
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Craig Joubert, international rugby union referee (born 8 November 1977). Attended Merchiston Preparatory School and Maritzburg College
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_364786_57
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietermaritzburg
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Pietermaritzburg
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Jesse Kriel, Springbok rugby player (born 1994). Attended Merchiston Preparatory School and Maritzburg College
| 0.5 | 12,349.810733 |
20231101.en_148746_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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Enact, when it considers a state of emergency to exist, almost any law it deems necessary, with the imposition of capital punishment being the only absolutely excluded act in all circumstances.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_9
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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In the event of a conflict, EU law also takes precedence over acts of the Oireachtas, as is common throughout the European Union.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_10
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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It may not enact any law providing for the imposition of the death penalty, even during a state of emergency.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_11
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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The Oireachtas has a number of joint committees that include members of both houses. There are currently fifteen of these:
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_12
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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Oireachtas has been the title of two parliaments in Irish history: the current Oireachtas of Ireland, since 1937, and, immediately before that, the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State of 1922–1937.
| 1 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_13
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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The earliest parliament in Ireland was the Parliament of Ireland, which was founded in the thirteenth century as the supreme legislative body of the lordship of Ireland and was in existence until 1801. This parliament governed the English-dominated part of Ireland, which at first was limited to Dublin and surrounding cities, but later grew to include the entire island. But the Irish Parliament was, from the passage of Poynings' Law in 1494 until its repeal in 1782, subordinate to the English, and later British, Parliament. This Parliament consisted of the King of Ireland, who was the same person as the King of England, a House of Lords and a House of Commons. In 1800 the Irish Parliament abolished itself when it adopted the Act of Union, which came into effect from 1 January 1801.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_14
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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The next legislature to exist in Ireland came into being in 1919. This was a unicameral parliament established by Irish republicans, known simply as Dáil Éireann. This revolutionary Dáil was notionally a legislature for the whole island of Ireland. In 1920, in parallel to the Dáil, the British government created a home rule legislature called the Parliament of Southern Ireland. However, this parliament was boycotted by most Irish politicians. It was made up of the King, the House of Commons of Southern Ireland and the Senate of Southern Ireland. The Parliament of Southern Ireland was formally abolished in 1922, with the establishment of the Oireachtas under the Constitution of the Irish Free State.
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20231101.en_148746_15
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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The Oireachtas of the Irish Free State consisted officially of the King and two houses, named, as their successors would be, Dáil Éireann (described, in this case, as a 'Chamber of Deputies') and Seanad Éireann. However, the Free State Senate was abolished in 1935. The modern Oireachtas came into being in 1937, with the adoption by referendum of the Constitution of Ireland.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_148746_16
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oireachtas
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Oireachtas
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The first Oireachtas radio and television broadcasts were of ceremonial addresses from dignitaries, beginning with that of John F. Kennedy during his 1963 state visit. Regular radio broadcasting of edited Oireachtas proceedings began in October 1986, although budget statements had already been broadcast live. Television coverage of Dáil, Seanad, and committee proceedings began in 1990, 1991, and 1993 respectively. Since 2005 the proceedings of both houses have been made available over the internet by HEAnet and the eDemocracy Unit of the Office of the Houses of the Oireachtas.
| 0.5 | 12,348.642648 |
20231101.en_544733_18
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
There is no ability to zoom in to (or enlarge) a virtual instrument (VI) which will be hard to see on a large high-resolution monitor. However, the ability to zoom has been added into LabVIEW NXG. On May 23, 2023, during the morning keynote address at the NI Connect conference in Austin, Texas, it was announced that zoom capability is expected in the Summer 2023 release of LabVIEW. Since adding the undo feature in LabVIEW 5.0 (May 1998), zoom has been the most requested feature.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_19
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
In 2005, starting with LabVIEW 8.0, major versions are released around the first week of August, to coincide with the annual National Instruments conference NI Week, and followed by a bug-fix release the following February.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_20
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
In 2009, National Instruments began naming releases after the year in which they are released. A bug-fix is termed a Service Pack, for example, the 2009 service pack 1 was released in February 2010.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_21
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
In 2017, National Instruments moved the annual conference to May and released LabVIEW 2017 alongside a completely redesigned LabVIEW NXG 1.0 built on Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF).
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_22
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
OpenG, as well as LAVA Code Repository (LAVAcr), serve as repositories for a wide range of Open Source LabVIEW applications and libraries. SourceForge has LabVIEW listed as one of the possible languages in which code can be written.
| 1 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_23
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
VI Package Manager has become the standard package manager for LabVIEW libraries. It is very similar in purpose to Ruby's RubyGems and Perl's CPAN, although it provides a graphical user interface similar to the Synaptic Package Manager. VI Package Manager provides access to a repository of the OpenG (and other) libraries for LabVIEW.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_24
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
National Instruments also offers a product named Measurement Studio, which offers many of the test, measurement, and control abilities of LabVIEW, as a set of classes for use with Microsoft Visual Studio. This allows developers to harness some of LabVIEW's strengths within the text-based .NET Framework. National Instruments also offers LabWindows/CVI as an alternative for ANSI C programmers.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_25
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
When applications need sequencing, users often use LabVIEW with the TestStand test management software, also from National Instruments.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_544733_26
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LabVIEW
|
LabVIEW
|
DSP Robotics' FlowStone DSP also uses a form of graphical programming similar to LabVIEW, but is limited to the robotics industry respectively.
| 0.5 | 12,345.493268 |
20231101.en_462546_0
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
FICO (legal name: Fair Isaac Corporation), originally Fair, Isaac and Company, is a data analytics company based in Bozeman, Montana, focused on credit scoring services. It was founded by Bill Fair and Earl Isaac in 1956. Its FICO score, a measure of consumer credit risk, has become a fixture of consumer lending in the United States.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
In 2013, lenders purchased more than 10 billion FICO scores and about 30 million American consumers accessed their scores themselves. The company reported a revenue of $1.29 billion dollars for the fiscal year of 2020.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
FICO was founded in 1956 as Fair, Isaac and Company by engineer William R. "Bill" Fair and mathematician Earl Judson Isaac. The two met while working at the Stanford Research Institute in Menlo Park, California. Selling its first credit scoring system two years after the company's creation, FICO pitched its system to fifty American lenders.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
FICO went public in July 1987 and is traded on the New York Stock Exchange. The company debuted its first general-purpose FICO score in 1989. FICO scores are based on credit reports and "base" FICO scores range from 300 to 850, while industry-specific scores range from 250 to 900.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac first began using FICO scores to help determine which American consumers qualified for mortgages bought and sold by the companies in 1995.
| 1 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
Originally called Fair, Isaac and Company (hence the abbreviation FICO), this name was changed to Fair Isaac Corporation in 2003.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
Originally based in San Rafael, California, FICO moved its headquarters to Minneapolis, Minnesota, in 2004, a few years after Minnesota resident Thomas Grudnowski took over as CEO. In 2013, it moved its headquarters to San Jose, California, a year after CEO William Lansing joined. In 2016 it opened an office in Bozeman, Montana which later became its headquarters.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
FICO is headquartered in Bozeman, Montana and it has additional U.S. locations in San Jose, California; Roseville, Minnesota; San Diego; San Rafael, California; Fairfax, Virginia; and Austin, Texas.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_462546_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FICO
|
FICO
|
The company has international locations in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lithuania, Poland, Malaysia, the Philippines, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
| 0.5 | 12,341.808085 |
20231101.en_142690_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
Disinformation first made an appearance in dictionaries in 1985, specifically, Webster's New College Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary. In 1986, the term disinformation was not defined in Webster's New World Thesaurus or New Encyclopædia Britannica. After the Soviet term became widely known in the 1980s, native speakers of English broadened the term as "any government communication (either overt or covert) containing intentionally false and misleading material, often combined selectively with true information, which seeks to mislead and manipulate either elites or a mass audience."
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
By 1990, use of the term disinformation had fully established itself in the English language within the lexicon of politics. By 2001, the term disinformation had come to be known as simply a more civil phrase for saying someone was lying. Stanley B. Cunningham wrote in his 2002 book The Idea of Propaganda that disinformation had become pervasively used as a synonym for propaganda.
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
The Shorenstein Center at Harvard University defines disinformation research as an academic field that studies “the spread and impacts of misinformation, disinformation, and media manipulation,” including “how it spreads through online and offline channels, and why people are susceptible to believing bad information, and successful strategies for mitigating its impact” According to a 2023 research article published in New Media & Society, disinformation circulates on social media through deception campaigns implemented in multiple ways including: astroturfing, conspiracy theories, clickbait, culture wars, echo chambers, hoaxes, fake news, propaganda, pseudiscience, and rumors.
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
In order to distinguish between similar terms, including misinformation and malinformation, scholars collectively agree on the definitions for each term as follows: (1) disinformation is the strategic dissemination of false information with the intention to cause public harm; (2) misinformation represents the unintentional spread of false information; and (3) malinformation is factual information disseminated with the intention to cause harm, these terms are abbreviated 'DMMI'.
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
Whether and to what degree disinformation and propaganda overlap is subject to debate. Some (like U.S. Department of State) define propaganda as the use of non-rational arguments to either advance or undermine a political ideal, and use disinformation as an alternative name for undermining propaganda. While others consider them to be separate concepts altogether. One popular distinction holds that disinformation also describes politically motivated messaging designed explicitly to engender public cynicism, uncertainty, apathy, distrust, and paranoia, all of which disincentivize citizen engagement and mobilization for social or political change.
| 1 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
Disinformation is the label often given to Foreign information manipulation and interference (FIMI). Studies on disinformation are often concerned with the content of activity whereas the broader concept of FIMI is more concerned with the "behaviour of an actor" that is described through the military doctrine concept of tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
Disinformation is primarily carried out by government intelligence agencies, but has also been used by non-governmental organizations and businesses. Front groups are a form of disinformation, as they mislead the public about their true objectives and who their controllers are. Most recently, disinformation has been deliberately spread through social media in the form of "fake news", disinformation masked as legitimate news articles and meant to mislead readers or viewers. Disinformation may include distribution of forged documents, manuscripts, and photographs, or spreading dangerous rumours and fabricated intelligence. Use of these tactics can lead to blowback, however, causing such unintended consequences such as defamation lawsuits or damage to the dis-informer's reputation.
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
The United States Intelligence Community appropriated use of the term disinformation in the 1950s from the Russian dezinformatsiya, and began to use similar strategies during the Cold War and in conflict with other nations. The New York Times reported in 2000 that during the CIA's effort to substitute Mohammed Reza Pahlavi for then-Prime Minister of Iran Mohammad Mossadegh, the CIA placed fictitious stories in the local newspaper. Reuters documented how, subsequent to the 1979 Soviet Union invasion of Afghanistan during the Soviet–Afghan War, the CIA put false articles in newspapers of Islamic-majority countries, inaccurately stating that Soviet embassies had "invasion day celebrations". Reuters noted a former U.S. intelligence officer said they would attempt to gain the confidence of reporters and use them as secret agents, to affect a nation's politics by way of their local media.
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_142690_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disinformation
|
Disinformation
|
In October 1986, the term gained increased currency in the U.S. when it was revealed that two months previously, the Reagan Administration had engaged in a disinformation campaign against then-leader of Libya, Muammar Gaddafi. White House representative Larry Speakes said reports of a planned attack on Libya as first broken by The Wall Street Journal on August 25, 1986, were "authoritative", and other newspapers including The Washington Post then wrote articles saying this was factual. U.S. State Department representative Bernard Kalb resigned from his position in protest over the disinformation campaign, and said: "Faith in the word of America is the pulse beat of our democracy."
| 0.5 | 12,341.797559 |
20231101.en_527232_1
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
It encompasses the study of the conditions under which fluids are at rest in stable equilibrium as opposed to fluid dynamics, the study of fluids in motion. Hydrostatics is a subcategory of fluid statics, which is the study of all fluids, both compressible or incompressible, at rest.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_2
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics is fundamental to hydraulics, the engineering of equipment for storing, transporting and using fluids. It is also relevant to geophysics and astrophysics (for example, in understanding plate tectonics and the anomalies of the Earth's gravitational field), to meteorology, to medicine (in the context of blood pressure), and many other fields.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_3
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics offers physical explanations for many phenomena of everyday life, such as why atmospheric pressure changes with altitude, why wood and oil float on water, and why the surface of still water is always level and horizontal whatever the shape of its container.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_4
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
Some principles of hydrostatics have been known in an empirical and intuitive sense since antiquity, by the builders of boats, cisterns, aqueducts and fountains. Archimedes is credited with the discovery of Archimedes' Principle, which relates the buoyancy force on an object that is submerged in a fluid to the weight of fluid displaced by the object. The Roman engineer Vitruvius warned readers about lead pipes bursting under hydrostatic pressure.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_5
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
The concept of pressure and the way it is transmitted by fluids was formulated by the French mathematician and philosopher Blaise Pascal in 1647.
| 1 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_6
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
The "fair cup" or Pythagorean cup, which dates from about the 6th century BC, is a hydraulic technology whose invention is credited to the Greek mathematician and geometer Pythagoras. It was used as a learning tool.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
The cup consists of a line carved into the interior of the cup, and a small vertical pipe in the center of the cup that leads to the bottom. The height of this pipe is the same as the line carved into the interior of the cup. The cup may be filled to the line without any fluid passing into the pipe in the center of the cup. However, when the amount of fluid exceeds this fill line, fluid will overflow into the pipe in the center of the cup. Due to the drag that molecules exert on one another, the cup will be emptied.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
Heron's fountain is a device invented by Heron of Alexandria that consists of a jet of fluid being fed by a reservoir of fluid. The fountain is constructed in such a way that the height of the jet exceeds the height of the fluid in the reservoir, apparently in violation of principles of hydrostatic pressure. The device consisted of an opening and two containers arranged one above the other. The intermediate pot, which was sealed, was filled with fluid, and several cannula (a small tube for transferring fluid between vessels) connecting the various vessels. Trapped air inside the vessels induces a jet of water out of a nozzle, emptying all water from the intermediate reservoir.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_527232_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrostatics
|
Hydrostatics
|
Pascal made contributions to developments in both hydrostatics and hydrodynamics. Pascal's Law is a fundamental principle of fluid mechanics that states that any pressure applied to the surface of a fluid is transmitted uniformly throughout the fluid in all directions, in such a way that initial variations in pressure are not changed.
| 0.5 | 12,341.584631 |
20231101.en_1617971_7
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Furthermore, within the Polypodiopsida, the largest grouping, a number of informal clades were recognised, including leptosporangiates, core leptosporangiates, polypods (Polypodiales), and eupolypods (including Eupolypods I and Eupolypods II).
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_8
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
In 2014 Christenhusz and Chase, summarising the known knowledge at that time, treated this group as two separate unrelated taxa in a consensus classification;
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_9
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Lycopodiophyta (lycopods) 1 subclass, 3 orders, each with one family, 5 genera, approx. 1,300 species
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_10
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Polypodiophyta (ferns) 4 subclasses, 11 orders, 21 families, approx. 212 genera, approx. 10,535 species
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_11
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
These subclasses correspond to Smith's four classes, with Ophioglossidae corresponding to Psilotopsida.
| 1 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_12
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophytes consist of two separate but related classes, whose nomenclature has varied. The system put forward by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group in 2016, PPG I, is:
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_13
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
In addition to these living groups, several groups of pteridophytes are now extinct and known only from fossils. These groups include the Rhyniopsida, Zosterophyllopsida, Trimerophytopsida, the Lepidodendrales and the Progymnospermopsida.
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_14
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Modern studies of the land plants agree that seed plants emerged from pteridophytes more closer to ferns than lycophytes. Therefore, pteridophytes do not form a clade but constitute a paraphyletic grade.
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
20231101.en_1617971_15
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pteridophyte
|
Pteridophyte
|
Just as with bryophytes and spermatophytes (seed plants), the life cycle of pteridophytes involves alternation of generations. This means that a diploid generation (the sporophyte, which produces spores) is followed by a haploid generation (the gametophyte or prothallus, which produces gametes). Pteridophytes differ from bryophytes in that the sporophyte is branched and generally much larger and more conspicuous, and from seed plants in that both generations are independent and free-living. The sexuality of pteridophyte gametophytes can be classified as follows:
| 0.5 | 12,339.077096 |
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