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—Araba kredisinin taksitini ödemiş miydin?
—Özür dilerim canım, onu da ödememiştim. Yaşlı adam karısının ellerini bıraktı ve derin bir ohhhh çekti, sonra kırk yıldır yapmadığı şekilde ona sıkı sıkıya sarıldı.
—Aferin dedi. Karısı şaşkın, korkarak sordu.
—İyi misin tatlım?
—Hiç olmadığım kadar. Çünkü bankacılar kesin bizi bulacaklar!
Müslüman
Adamın biri elinde büyük bir bıçakla camiye dalar ve sorar:
—Aranızda Müslüman olan var mı?
Korkudan kimse bişey diyemez. Birazdan yaşlı bir adam ayağa kalkar:
—Ben müslümanım der.
Bıçaklı adamla yaşlı adam camiden çıkarlar. Adam dışarıdaki inek sürüsünü gösterip:
—Amca, şunları kurban edicem de ben beceremem Yardım eder misin? Der.
Yaşlı adam baya bir hayvanı kestikten sonra
—Ben yoruldum başka birini bul der.
Adam bu sefer kanlı bıçakla yine camiye girer ve sorar:
—Aranızda başka Müslüman var mı?
Az önceki adamı doğradığını düşünen cemaat çok korkar ve herkes aynı anda imama bakar, imam:
—Ulan iki rekât namaz kıldırdık diye Müslüman mı olduk?
AMERİKALI ÇİFTÇİ
Yakışıklı bir Amerikalı çiftçi kasabaya inmiş. Bir kova, bir çekiç, iki tavuk ve bir de horoz satın almış. Çiftçinin bütün bunları taşımakta zorlandığını gören dükkân sahibi ona akıl vermiş:
— Çekici kovanın içine koy, kovayı bir elinde taşı. Tavukları koltuk altlarına sok ve horozu da öbür elinde taşı. Çiftçi adamın dediğini yapmış ve kamyonetine doğru yürümeye başlamış. Yakışıklı çiftçinin yolunu bir kadın kesip;
—Affedersiniz; acaba Çılgın Boğa Çiftliği'ne nasıl gidebilirim?'demiş. Çiftçi:
— Şansınız var. Benim çiftliğim Çılgın Boğa'ya çok yakın. Atlayın kamyonete; sizi götüreyim! Kadın:
— Peki, ama sizin beni şimdi bir duvara yaslayıp, bana tecavüz etmeyeceğinizi nereden bileyim? Çiftçi:
— Hanımefendi insaf, bir elimde içinde çekiç olan kova, koltuklarımın altında birer tavuk, öteki elimde bir horoz varken, ben sizi nasıl duvara yaslayıp tecavüz edebilirim! Kadın:
— Çok basit. Horozu yere koy, üstüne kovayı geçir, çekici de kovanın üstüne koy ki; horoz kaçamasın! Ben de tavukları tutarım!
Ne kadar şanssızım!'
Üzgün ve pısırık görünüşlü bir Adam barda tünemiş oturuyormuş. Önünde Bir türlü içemediği bir içki bardağı, suratı asık.. O sırada barın kapısı açılmış. İri yarı, külhanbeyi tavırlı bir Adam, sert adımlarla barın tezgâhına doğru yürümüş ve pısırık adamı iteleyerek tabureye oturmuş. Hiç soru sormadan adamın önündeki içki kadehini alıp başına dikmiş. Elinin tersiyle ağzını kuruladıktan sonra,
—Ne o, neden böyle surat asıyorsun, gemilerin mi battı?' diye sormuş.
—Sorma, ben çok talihsiz bir adamım' demiş pısırık.
—Neden?' diye sormuş Adam tekrar. Şöyle cevaplamış pısırık,
—Bu sabah karımla kavga ettik, beni evden kovdu. O sinirle işe geç kaldım. Patronum zaten bahane arayıp duruyordu, beni işten attı. İşten çıktım, yolda yürürken araba çarptı Eve gideyim, belki karımla barışırız dedim, eve gittim ve karımı başka Bir erkekle yatakta yakaladım. Bu kadarı da fazla artık dedim, kendimi öldürmeye karar verdim. Tabancayla vuracaktım, silah tutukluk yaptı. İple asmaya kalktım, ip koptu. Doğalgazla öleyim dedim, faturayı ödemediğim için gaz kesikti. Eczaneden fare zehiri aldım, buraya Geldim, içki bardağıma koydum. Onu da geldin sen içtin. Off... Offfff...<|endoftext|>When it comes to Passover, most of the attention is placed on Moses (realizing this, the Jewish Sages who composed the Passover Haggada omitted any mention of Moshe!) Few give credit to Moses’ elder siblings (and prophets) Aaron and Miriam. It was the prophecy of the eldest Miriam that inspired the Israelites in Egypt to start procreating again, after they had previously decided not to bring any more children into such a cruel existence. That stimulus gave birth to Moses. It was Miriam who ensured the basket stayed afloat in the Nile, and who made sure Moses received a Jewish wet nurse (his mother!) even though he grew up in Pharaoh’s palace. Later, we are told that Miriam had a mystical well that supplied the Israelites with all their water needs during their travels through the wilderness. The Talmud explains Miriam was nicknamed Azuva (“left behind”) since she was physically unappealing and had a hard time finding a husband. However, a great man named Caleb married her for her spiritual holiness. Miraculously, she transformed into a very beautiful woman, and was thus renamed Efrat (which means “beauty”). This marriage gave birth to the ancestor of King David (and therefore Mashiach)!
Meanwhile, Aaron was the leader of the Jews in Egypt. Because Moses had a speech impediment, Aaron was the official mouthpiece and spokesperson of God. He also carried out the first three of the 10 plagues that struck the Egyptians. For his peace-loving and self-sacrificing ways, Aaron was later granted the high priesthood, and all his descendants became Cohanim. Amazingly, scientists have discovered a gene on the Y-chromosome that is shared by cohanim around the world, whether Ashkenazi, Sephardic or other. The gene traces back 3300 years, which is precisely the time of the Exodus!
Words of the Week
There are none so hopelessly enslaved as those who believe they are free.
– Von Goethe<|endoftext|>What You Will Learn
You will learn how to create a simple version of the cartoon classic eye-pop animation. You will learn to exaggerate emotions for comical effect. You will use a combination of Wind-up, Shake, and Spacing to create an impact with this bit of acting.
Why Is This Important?
This recipe is a simple variation on a classic cartoon cliche. Part of the importance, aside from applying animation principles to a new piece of emotion reaction, with the eye-pop is that new animators now become part of the legacy of silliness and hyper exaggeration in cartoons. The Road Runner, Bugs Bunny, Tom and Jerry, Spongebob, etc. have all used the eye-pop frequently and to great effect.<|endoftext|>The importance of a prepared mind
(Tap or hover over green words for translation.)
Therefore, if one person sees this and another does not, and if Vedānta is looked upon as a pramāṇa, then the problem lies with the one who wants to understand. If Vedānta is not looked upon as a pramāṇa, it becomes a mystical experience. Once it is a pramāṇa, Vedānta should reveal the nature of the immediately available ātmā, because the saṃsāra that this knowledge is supposed to resolve is also immediately available, aparokṣa. If I have committed a mistake that is aparokṣa, the correction of that mistake must also be aparokṣa.
Ātmā cannot be known by perception or inference because, being yourself, it cannot be objectified. The only pramāṇa that will work is śabda. Here, statements such as 'tat tvam asi' are lakṣaṇa-vākyas and they produce immediate knowledge. They are similar to statements such as 'This is that Devadatta' or 'you are the tenth man', which produce immediate knowledge, aparokṣa-jñāna. If that recognition is not immediate, and if you do not understand that Vedānta is a pramāṇa, you will conclude that ātmā has to be experienced. Those who know the śāstra say that Vedānta is a pramāṇa, but very few know how to handle it. As a result, there is a tendency to conclude that one has to experience something and that Vedānta is the theory, which is the basis for that experience.
Then Vedānta ceases to be a pramāṇa [for you] as far as ātmā is concerned. If Vedānta does not give you immediate knowledge of the self-evident ātmā, which is always available and which is the basis for every experience, then Vedānta is not [regarded as] a pramāṇa for ātmā.
Since some people gain the knowledge and others do not, in spite of being exposed to the pramāṇa that is Vedānta, it is clear that some other factor is necessary. Instead of taking into consideration the qualifications of the student, the idea of experience was conceived of by some people. This problem is compounded by the use of the word anubhava in the śāstra, typically translated as 'experience'. This word, however, is used by the śāstra in the sense of 'seeing'-darśana, indicating immediate knowledge.
The problem of anubhava arose long ago when it was suggested that the study of śāstra had to be followed by a special 'other-worldly' cognition, laukika-pratyakṣa. But this was much more well thought out than the modern contention that first you must get the theory of ātmā from the śāstra and then, through practice, experience it.
This problem of not seeing the nature of ātmā can either lead you to the conclusion that ātmā is yet to be experienced or that you should look into your qualifications. Since mokṣa is in the form of knowledge, there are definitely requirements for it. Fulfilling those requirements is the nature of the effort that is made here.
The emphasis is on purity of mind, antaḥkaraṇa-śuddhi, which is accomplished by a life of karma yoga and the cultivation of values. The most important thing here is inquiry. All false values and improper attitudes are due to a lack of understanding of certain relative truths. It is, therefore, important to continue to listen to the śāstra while living a life of karma yoga.
'Bhagavad Gita Home Study Course' Ch.15 v.11 Swami Dayananda
© Copyright 2021 Arsha Vidya<|endoftext|>Michael J. Fox, sinema endüstrisindeki yerini sağlamlaştıran bir isim olarak kabul ediliyor. Ancak, bu başarı, Fox’un sadece kariyeriyle değil, aynı zamanda kişisel yaşamındaki zorluklarla da anlam kazanıyor. Belgesel, Fox’un sadece perde önündeki performanslarını değil, aynı zamanda perdenin arkasındaki gerçekleri de izleyicilere sunuyor. Parkinson hastalığıyla mücadelesi, Fox’un ne kadar güçlü ve azimli bir ruha sahip olduğunu gösteriyor. Ancak, belgesel sadece Fox’un hastalıkla mücadelesine değil, aynı zamanda ailesi ve dostlarıyla olan ilişkilerine de odaklanıyor.<|endoftext|>What is a physical therapist?
Physical therapy focuses on the evaluation, management, and prevention of disorders of human motion.
Physical therapists (PTs) are important members of the rehabilitation (rehab) team. They evaluate and provide treatment for persons with health problems and disabilities caused by injury, disease, overuse of muscles or tendons, pain, or loss of a body part.
PTs focus on restoring a person's movement (mobility) and function. They also help prevent further disability.
PTs may provide treatment and education for:
Balance and gait retraining
Heat and cold therapy and massage
Activities of daily living (ADLs)
Casting and splinting
Wheelchair, walkers, canes, and crutches
Use of braces and splints (orthotics) and prosthetics artificial limbs (prosthetics)
PTs work in many settings, including:
PTs have either a master's degree or a doctorate from a school accredited by the American Physical Therapy Association. To practice, all graduates must be licensed by their state by passing a national certification exam.<|endoftext|>MENU
【疫情期间物流派送安排】
这套套头衫采用了令人印象深刻的Lynx材料。结合点和字母的特征图案以不平坦的链节编织，而经过皱折的精致织物在正面用棉针织，在背面用聚酯针织。短款羊毛衫具有平衡的短长度和宽大的身材，无论底部如何，均可用于多种造型。
模特身高：175cm
52％羊毛48％棉
日本制造
商品根据以下方式采用本公司测量手法测量。请仔细参考尺码数据，进行挑选。
所有尺寸均使用本公司测量手法测量。请仔细参考尺码数据，进行挑选。
© 2019 THE SHOP YOHJI YAMAMOTO<|endoftext|>This article focuses on the lifestyle of numerous early Hunter-Gatherer skeletons recovered from the Lagoa Santa region in central Brazil, and discusses how old they are, how they got there, and what the habits of these groups were. Overall, the good preservation of these skeletons in the Lagoa Santa rock shelter provides insight into their way of life.
The Lagoa Santa skeletons represent some of the oldest skeletons known in the Americas, as confirmed by many excavations and analyses of the archaeological material since the 1960s. The most recent work in the region, starting in 2000, confirmed that the region was occupied between 11,000-7,000 years before present, and the local groups seem to have coexisted peacefully with extinct megafauna for at least the first half of this period.
How these groups are tied to the initial occupation of the Americas is still highly debated. The Lagoa Santa individuals, know as Paleoamericans, are distinct from modern Native Americans when we look at their skull shape, which raises the question on how this variation occurred – whether these differences originated before or after the initial migration(s) to the Americas. Based on the analysis of cranial data of several archaeological collections from South America, the authors suggest that the differences observed are actually too large to have originated after the settlement of the Americas and therefore they support the idea that the differences reflect a population split that occurred in Asia before any migration into the New World.
The lifestyle seen in Lagoa Santa is also different from what is seen among other Hunter-Gatherer populations on the planet. While they show a typical reliance on small to medium sized animals, they seem to have relied more intensely on plants than traditional Hunter-Gatherers, as shown by their oral health problems. Moreover, their skeletal features suggest they were less mobile than traditional Hunter-Gatherers. As such, it is safe to say that this particular population was unlike the rest of prehistoric Native Americans, but only time will tell how unique they really were.
Based on previous genome research, all central/south American’s stemmed from a single homogenous population – with Anzick-1 (one of the few skeletons known that is associated to the Clovis-culture) being their common ancestor. Yet, as new DNA is recovered from prehistoric remains, this does not seem to be the case. This new article presents ancient DNA data recovered from 49 individuals from different corners of South America and from different ages. The analysis of this new data shows that there was at least four genetic dispersion waves that gave rise to the current genetic diversity found among Central and South Native Americans.
This research also shed some light on exactly how much ancestral DNA could be found in present day people. Individuals who lived prior to 6000 years ago showed significantly more ancestral DNA (similar to Anzick-1) than those who lived after that time.Could this be due to a replacement event that occurred around that time and erased the early genetic signal? Could it be something else? Time will tell. Until more data is collected, we will not be able to solve the puzzle of when these events really happened or which Native American groups were involved.
In this technical note by Cheverko and Hubbe explores the impact different statistical tests have on determining patterns and trends of osteoarthritis in past populations. This study aims to contribute to the analysis of any type of osteological marker based collected as present or absent. They compares the results of Chi-Square, the Fisher’s Exact, Odds Ratio tests, and ANCOVAs. The study included individuals from seven archaeological sites and examined the prevalence of osteoarthritis in the hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow. The comparison between tests shows that for larger sample sizes all tests provide similar accuracy, with the ANCOVA presenting the important advantage of being able to correct for the effect of age in the osteological markers. Therefore, even though binary data violates some of the assumptions behind ANCOVAs, this Cheverko and Hubbe argue this test should be used more often in bioarchaeological studies.
To celebrate another great year of academic endeavors, we would like to acknowledge all the paper and poster presented at 87th Meetings of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists in Austin, TX. Thank you all so much for your efforts! We are looking forward to what you are bringing to the table in the future!!!
- Leigh Oldershaw, Mark Hubbe and Christina Torres-Rouff – “Tiwanaku affiliation and quality of life in Middle Horizon San Pedro de Atacama, Chile”
- Brianne Herrera and Mark Hubbe – “Correspondence Between Cranial Morphological Regions and mtDNA in Western South America”
- Melissa Clark and Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg – “A Third Molar from Rathfarnham, Dublin, and the Patterning Cascade Model”
- Devon Reich and Melissa Clark – “Planting Perthes: Agriculture and Mechanical Loading in a Pre-Contact Female”
- Skyler Jackim – “Bearing the Burden: Trauma During Agricultural Intensification in Pre-Contact Ohio”
- Julianne Stamer, Kathryn Marklein and Mark Hubbe – “The Influence of Biology and Culture on Sexual Dimorphism in Carious Lesions in Pre-History”
- Julie Anna Margolis and Kendra Ann Sirak – “The Impact of Tetracycline Presence on Endogenous
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46 | 0 | 1 |
. Bununla birlikte, yıkama uygunluğu kaybetmez, hastalığın hoş olmayan belirtilerinden çabuk kurtulmasına yardımcı olur. Uygulayıcılar böyle bir tedavinin organın işlevlerini kademeli olarak restore ettiğini doğrulamaktadır.
Bademciklerin yapısı mikroflora, yiyecek kalıntılarının birikmesine neden olur. Doğayı patojenik mikroorganizmalardan dışarıdan korumak için tasarlanmıştır. Bez, çok sayıda depresyon oluşturan bir lenfoid dokudan oluşur - lacuna. Onların görevi ağız içine giren her şeyi filtrelemek - hava, yiyecek, sıvı. Bademciklerin lazanyaları, virüsleri ve mikropları yok eden lenfositlerin olgunlaşmasını sağlar. Neden bademciklerin yıkanması gerekli oluyor?
Bezlerin kızarması için endikasyonlar
Sağlıklı bezler oval şekilli, açık pembe renktedir. Enfeksiyonun içine girmesine izin vermeyecek şekilde, bir adamın işleriyle başa çıkabileceği fark edilmez. Bağışıklık zayıfsa, üretilen lenfositler onu ortadan kaldırmak için yeterli değildir. Bademcikler iltihaplanma başlar, pus oluşur. Biriken, boşlukları tıkar, mantar oluşturur. Bu sürece, durumdaki genel bir bozulma eşlik eder, bir kişi bademcik iltihabı veya bademcik iltihabı ile teşhis edilir.
Akut (boğaz ağrısı) veya kronik bademcik iltihabı, palatine bademciklerinin lakazını yıkamanın bir göstergesidir. Prosedür, enfeksiyonun en yakın organlara ve vücuda daha fazla yayılmasına izin vermez. Sıradan durulamalardan çok daha etkilidir, bademciklerin derin katmanlarını temizlemeyi sağlar. Ek olarak, durulama bezlerin çıkarılmasını önler.
Ne zaman yıkamaz?
Prosedürün yasak olduğu birkaç kontraendikasyon vardır. Şunları içerir:
- sadece bademciklerde değil, aynı zamanda başka organlarda da enflamasyonun akut fazı, örneğin, çürük, yıkama, yakın organlara enfeksiyonun yayılmasına yol açabilir,
- kanser varlığı,
- göz retina patolojik süreçleri,
- gebelik döneminin başlangıcında ve sonunda (1. ve 3. trimesterler),
- şiddetli kalp ve damar hastalığı,
- Yıkamak için kullanılan ilaçlara karşı alerji.
Ek olarak, prosedür hipertansiyonda dikkatli bir şekilde gerçekleştirilir. Doktor hastanın durumunu değerlendirmeli ve tutma olasılığına karar vermelidir. Bezlerin temizlenmesi 3 yaşın altındaki çocuklar için yapılmamaktadır. Bademciklerin lakunalarının vakumla yıkanması, akut fazda doktorun izni alınarak yapılmalıdır.
Prosedürün genel özellikleri
Yıkama görevi, pürülan tıkaçları bezlerden çıkarmaktır. Bunu yapmak için, bir antiseptik veya vakum spreyinden etkilenirler. Bu, özel bir enstrümanın ve enstrümanların yardımıyla gerçekleştirilen profesyonel bir prosedür olabilir. Evde bademciklerden oluşan bir lavaj yapabilirsiniz. Bununla birlikte, dokuya zarar vermemek için aşırı özen gösterilmelidir.
İlk işlemden önce, doktor genellikle iltihaplanmaya neden olan bakterilerin doğasını oluşturmaya yardımcı olacak bir leke reçete eder. Yıkama, özellikle vakum yardımıyla, birçok insanda bir kusur refleksine neden olur. Bu nedenle, en az 1,5-2 saat önce yemek yiyemez veya içemez. Prosedürü daha rahat hale getirmek için yerel klinikler, lidokain, novokain içeren spreyler şeklinde lokal anestezikler kullanırlar.
Prosedür, sonlandırıldıktan sonra devam eden şiddetli ağrıya neden olabilir. Hasta doktora bunu anlatmalı ki, bir dahaki sefere dondurulmuştu. Bir yıkama 30-90 saniye sürer ve toplam süre lezyonun derinliğine bağlıdır. Genellikle fişler her iki bezden de çıkarılmalıdır.
Durulama yaparken, burnunuzdan nefes almanız gerekir, bu nedenle tıkalı ise, vazokonstriktörlerle damlatmaya özen göstermelisiniz. Profesyonel tedavinin gidişatı 10 prosedüre kadar, günlük olarak gerçekleştiriliyor.
Bir şırınga ile yıkamak
Bu yöntemin popülaritesi sadeliği ve erişilebilirliği ile açıklanmaktadır. Evde yapılabilir ya da polikliniğe gidebilirsiniz. Doktor bir iğne ile yerine bir iğne yapar - bir kanül üzerinde bir iğne - kavisli bir ucu olan bir metal çubuk. Memenin bu şekli, bademciklerin lakunalarında doğrudan pus üzerinde çalışmanıza izin verir.
Bir şırınga antiseptik - potasyum permanganat, furacilinin bir çözeltisini toplamak için kullanılır. "Gövde" bezlerinde nozul enjekte edilir, gerekirse fişi kırın. Şırınganın pistonu, sıvının lakuna girdiği bir basınç yaratır. Sonra pus ile dışarı dökülür. Hasta bu karışımı tükürür. Bezleri dezenfekte edici solüsyonlarla (Lugol veya collargol) yağlayarak yıkamayı tamamlayın. Tahriş olmuş mukoza zarına zarar vermemek için, tedavi süresince kaba yiyeceklerden uzak durulması tavsiye edilir.
Bağımsız yıkama sırası genellikle aynıdır. Üzerine iğne koymadan sıradan bir şırınga alın, antiseptik kazanın. Daha sonra jetleri yavaşça salgı bezlerine yönlendirin, bunlardan pus yıkamayı deneyin. Uygulamanın zorluğu, prosedürün sterilitesini gözlemlemenin imkansız olmasıdır. En ufak özensiz hareket, yaralanmalara yol açabilir, iltihaplanmayı artırabilir. Bir uzmana danışılması mümkün değilse, yürütme sırası şu şekildedir:
- salgı bezlerini dezenfekte ederek, antiseptik ile temizler,
- bir kişi ağzını olabildiğince geniş açmalı, dilini yapışmalı,
- Nefes derinden değil burundan olmalı,
- Şırıngadan gelen jet direkt olarak fişlere yönlendirilir.
- pus ile tükürük çözeltisi.
Kusma için güçlü bir dürtü varsa, prosedür kesilir. Bir antiseptik olarak, furatsilinom, tuz çözeltisi, bitkisel decoctions kullanabilirsiniz. Karışımın sıcaklığı yaklaşık 37 derecedir. Durulandıktan sonra, ağzınızı durulayın.
Özel cihazlarla yıkama
Aşamalı bir yöntem bademciklerin bademciklerinin bademcik iltihabı ile yıkanmasıdır. Bu cihaz bir dizi avantaj sağlar:
- Ultrason maruziyeti, ilaçların daha derin nüfuz etmesini sağlar.
- vakum, tam olarak lacunae temizlemenizi sağlar
- Yakındaki yüzeylerde irin alma olasılığı hariç,
- cihazın kullanımı kolaydır.
Tonzillor aparatının temizlenmesi, bir kişinin bir koltukta oturması, sapması, ağzını geniş açması ile başlar. İlk olarak, bezler anestezi edilir, daha sonra vakum enayi eklenir. Cihazı açtıktan sonra, özel bir tüp üzerinde tahliye ederek, irin çıkarmaya başlarlar. Bu mukoza ile temastan kaçınır. Bir yıkama yaklaşık 10 saniyedir, bu sırada hastanın nefesini tutması istenir.
Daha sonra nozulu değiştirin ve ultrason ile hareket ederek ilacı lakunaya pompalayın. Çamaşır makinesi bir karaktere sahiptir. Bu, kalıcı bir etki elde etmek için bir prosedürün yeterli olmadığı anlamına gelir. Doktorun hastanın durumu göz önüne alınarak seçtiği ziyaret sayısı. Genellikle 10 civarında reçete edilirler. Bazen birkaç seanstan sonra, hastalar alevlenme belirtileri geliştirirler: boğazdaki ağrı daha aktif hale gelir, iyileşmeye başlar, sıcaklık biraz artar. Bu belirtilerle, kurs birkaç gün boyunca kesintiye uğrayabilir.
Bir başka ilginç cihaz UZOL, kavitasyon ve ultrasonla bağlantılı. Cihazın çalışma prensibi, hava kabarcıkları oluşumunu teşvik eden ses titreşimlerinin akışkanındaki oluşumuna dayanır. Çöküşleri, mikrobiyal hücrenin zarına zarar veren bir şok dalgası oluşturur. Dışarıdan, UZOL bir tabancaya benziyor. Hasta düz oturur, doktor dilini olabildiğince aşağıya indirir. Ekshalden jet bademciklere yönlendirilir. Hasta akan sıvıyı tükürür. İşleme süresi 5 dakikaya kadardır.
Bademcikler profesyonel yıkama komplikasyonları önlemek için, bademcik iltihabı rahatlatmak için etkili bir yoldur. Travmatik değildir, kanda enfeksiyon riskini dışlar. Donanım yöntemlerinin minuses maliyetleri içerir. Ayrıca, kontrendikasyonları ve olası hoş olmayan sonuçları da unutmamalıyız. Güçlü kusma refleksleri olan insanlar, bu prosedürü transfer etmek zordur. Her ne kadar bu hastalardan geçmesi gerekiyorsa da, 2-3 işlemden sonra refleksin zayıfladığını unutmayın.
Cihaza maruz kalmanın tahrişe neden olabileceği, yanlış davranışlar ve çizikler olabileceği unutulmamalıdır. Nadiren kullanılan ilaçlara bir alerji oluşur. Kendi kendine yıkandığında, bakteri vücuda girer, bronşların iltihaplanmasına neden olur, sinüzit. Bu nedenle, bir klinikte prosedürün bir uzman gözetiminde yapılması daha iyidir.
Hastanede bademcikler (bademcikler) sıhhi temizlik (yıkama) - hatırlama
Hastanede bademciklerin kızarması. Bir etkisi var mı Bu hoş olmayan yordama dayanmak mantıklı mıdır ve nasıl değiştirirsiniz.
Bu tatsız prosedürle, sanırım sorunlu boğazlı birçok insan tanıdık geliyor. Çocukluktan beri sürekli farenjit geçiriyorum. Boğazın arka duvarı iltihaplanır, sıcaklık artar, vb. ve benzerleri. Angina beni daha az rahatsız etti, ama yine de bademcik iltihabım var ve bademciklerdeki mantarlar periyodik olarak ortaya çıkıyor.
Birkaç kez yerel polikliniğimizde bademciklerin yıkanmasıyla ilgili bir kurs geçirdim. Çok belirgin bir gag refleksine sahip olmamam rağmen, bu manipülasyonları zorlukla verdim!
Aç karnına polikliniğe geldiğinizde, doktor gag refleksini ve solüsyonu azaltmak için boğaz lidokaini anestezi yapar. furatsilina bademcikler yıkamak için başlar. Özel uzun nozulu bir şırınga, alternatif olarak bademciklerin lakunalarına girer ve oradaki tüm içeriği yıkayı dener.
İlk başta kötü değildim, o zaman gag refleksi artmaya başladı, yeterli hava yoktu, sık sık Furatsilin çözümünü yuttum.
Eğer doktor size içtenlikle yaklaşırsa, o zaman işlem sırasında acele etmeyecek ve nefesinizi çekip dinlenebilmeniz için size bir nefes vermeyecektir. Yerel polikliniklerde, doktorlar, bir kural olarak, acele ediyorlar, bu daha az hoş olan işi bitirmek için acele ediyorlar!
Dağ doktorumun yıkama seanslarından birinde şırıngadan nozül bir şekilde çıkmayı başardı, Ancak, çok hızlı bir şekilde kendini yönlendirdi ve aldı. Polikliniklerimizde bile böyle olaylar oluyor! Bildiğim kadarıyla, bu nozul şırınganın içine vidalanmalıdır (şırınganın ve nozulun nozulunda özel bir iplik olmalıdır), bu yüzden bu doktorun ağzıma nasıl düştüğü belli değil!
Bademciklerin yıkanma kalitesi de uzmana, bu yaklaşıma bir miktar yaklaşım çok ihmal edilmiş ve kapaklar çok fazla çekilmiyor. Bu yüzden genellikle yerel kliniklerde olur! Bu nedenle, birkaç kez bademcikleri yıkamak için ücretli kliniklere gittim, en azından bir şey isteyebilirsiniz, orada furacilin solüsyonu ile ısındı ve bademcikler daha iyice yıkandı.
Ancak yine de, bu prosedürden% 100 verimlilik görmedim. Fişler birkaç hafta içinde tekrar ortaya çıktı ve tüm karusel bir daire içinde tekrarlandı.
Kendimi evde bademcikleri yıkamak için ağızlıklı özel bir şırınga aldım!
Ve işte daha önce bahsettiğim oymalar!
Bu prosedürle kusma sürecimi yönetmenin ve kontrol etmenin benim için daha kolay olacağını düşündüm ve yıkamak için para ödemem gerekmediği için, ağızlıklı bir şırınga almak için bir keresinde kırıldım ve hepsi bu kadar. (Bu arada, bu bir zevk, 1000 ruble). Ama oradaydı! Bu konunun çok karmaşık olduğu ortaya çıktı. Ve bademciklerimi kendim yıkamıyorum QUALITAUALLY! Ama hiçbir girişimde bulunmam ve bunu elimle doldurmaya devam ediyorum!
Benim için STATIONARY'daki bademciklerin el yıkaması, sadece kısa süreli bir etki veren, çok tatsız ve çok etkili bir prosedür değildi. ve onu bırakmaya karar verdim!!!
Not; Ebedi hastalığımla boğuşmaktan yoruldum, birkaç yıl önce sağlık konusunda iyileştirici bir kurs yaptım. nazofarenksin kriyoprosedürü ve ÇOK GÜZEL sonucu. Bu arada, kriyoterapiden önce, bezler mutlaka durulanmalıdır! İlk başta bunu yapmadım ve son kriyoterapiden önce, onları yıkamak için karar verdim. Vakum Tonsilore, ve bundan sonra kriyoterapinin sonucu FAZLA Daha iyi. Itibaren bademcikler vakumlu yıkama Sadece kaldım JOYDA. Evet, Tonzilor her klinikte mevcut değil, evet, biraz pahalı! Ama inan bana, sonuç tüm bu sakıncaları engelleyecek! Cihazda üç kez yıkanan bezler gözlerden önce dönüştürülür!
Geçtiğim diğer tıbbi traversler, tıbbi, diagnostik ve kozmetik amaçlı tıbbi manipülasyonlar!
Bademcikleri yıkamak için hangi şırıngaya ihtiyaç vardır?
Sevgili arkadaşlar, selamlar! Kronik tonsillit semptomlarından muzdarip bıktınız mı? Bütün bu acılar, pürülan sigortalar, terleme ve boğazdan gelen koku, tüm bunlar size kulaktan dolma değil mi?
O zaman neden acı çekiyorsunuz, eğer tüm problemleri çabuk, basit ve hatta ameliyatsız olarak - bademcikleri yıkayarak - Fırsatları Sonra oku!
Bezleri temizlemenin en kolay yolu bir şırıngadır. Bugün, lakesi kızartmak için hangi şırınganın gerekli olduğunu ve bu karmaşık olmayan ürün yardımı ile kendi elinizle bademciklerin nasıl durulacağını öğreneceksiniz.
Daha iyi ve daha doğru olan nedir: prosedürü evde mi yoksa klinikte mi yapmalı?
Tabii ki, evin daha uygun, çünkü herhangi bir yere gitmek zorunda değilsiniz, prosedür uygun bir zamanda yapılabilir ve hatta daha az korkunç. Ama risk almak ve sağlığınızı denemek için buna değer mi?
Bir doktor olarak, kliniğe gitmenizi ve bu prosedürü bir KBB doktoruna teslim etmenizi tavsiye ederim. Gerçek şu ki, prosedür sırasında ne yaptığınızı görmeniz gerekiyor ve bunu kendiniz yapmak çok zor.
Ayrıca, dikkatsiz herhangi bir hareket ağrıya ve hatta bir yaralanmaya neden olabilir.
Ancak hala prosedürü evde yapmaya karar verirseniz, önce bademcikleri yıkamak için hangi şırınganın işe yaradığını ve nasıl düzgün bir şekilde çalıştırılacağını bulmalısınız. Bugün konuşacağımız şey bu.
Hangi araç sizin için uygun?
Yani, ana soru ile başlayalım ve tıbbi antimikrobiyal solüsyonun intra-oral infüzyonları ve bezlerin lakazının temizlenmesi için hangi şırınganın gerekli olduğunu öğrenelim.
Hastanelerde, bu prosedür özel ürünler - kanüllü şırıngalar ile gerçekleştirilmektedir.
Kanül, kesin olarak lakunaya yönelik ve prosedürü basitleştirmek için tasarlanmış kavisli bir uzun nozuldur.
Bu ilişkiye Dolakun bezleri tarafından ulaşılır ve daha sonra güçlü bir basınç özel solüsyonu (antimikrobiyal) altında beslenir. Böylece boşluklar doğru ve tam olarak temizlenir.
Bademcikleri yıkamak için şırınga (klinikte olduğu gibi doğru) iki tipte olabilir:
Yukarıda açıklanan prosedür için araç, ayrılmaz bir yapı değildir, ancak parçaları çeşitli malzemelerden yapılmıştır. Örneğin, yukarıda açıklanan nozullar paslanmaz güvenlik metali, plastik veya pirinçten yapılabilir.
Sıvının çekildiği silindir genellikle cam veya plastikten yapılır. Tıbbi aletin tasarımında bulunan mühürler silikondan yapılmıştır.
Fiyat, nereden alınır?
Herhangi
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has been left in the same format.
Jan 25, 2004
THATCHFIELD GREAT CAVE
Field notes: R. S. STEWART
Cavers: R. S. Stewart, I. C. Conolley, S. McCall, M. Bellinger
Time in: 12:25 EST, Time out: 17:45 EST
THREAT VULNERABILITY: High
Thatchfield Great Cave is truly a great cave. The biology, hydrology, and sheer beauty of this cave make it one of the most important of the underground realms to be found on the island of Jamaica.
A visit to Thatchfield Great Cave was high on the agenda for the January, 2004 session. We had several objectives for this cave, not least of which was to do a basic assessment that would supply a biological snapshot of the condition of the cave in early 2004. Although none of the team that would visit Thatchfield on this day were biologists, an assessment process had been established, with the collaboration of the WRC, and others, that would enable simple cavers such as us to glean pertinent data from our otherwise anecdotal observations. This expedition was our first trial-run of the process and Thatchfield was a very good cave to include in this first, particularly organized, collection of data.
Thatchfield Cave was an important inclusion for several reasons: It supplies housing for one of the greatest collections of bats in Jamaica, (over the years, there has been occasional speculation about using this cave for tourism, and although it is doubtful as to whether this will ever happen, it seemed circumspect that we have a look a things before this began and note approximate bat numbers in the main roosting chambers so that there would be baseline data), we see a potential for further exploration, believing that there are perhaps extensions past the drop in the, “New Cave”, and most importantly, as cavers, this cave is as enticing as any to be found on the planet, and we of course wanted to get to know it.
On the morning of January 25, 2004, the crew headed for Thatchfield Cave. This was our second day of the expedition, the first having been spent in St James continuing the survey of Roehampton School Cave, fighting wasps at Windsor Castle Cave, and adding “Comfort Hall St James Cave” to the Register. Mark Bellinger, Ivor Conolley, and I, Stefan Stewart, had spent the night in Windsor, and despite the attractions of Miss Lilly’s Bar in Coxheath, managed to wake at a decent hour.
Today, we would be traveling in two cars. Ivor had his car, and I had the rental from Alex’s. Because I was behind the wheel of a fairly new car, with brakes that actually worked, and steering that steered, I headed out first to link with Sarah McCall who awaited us in Falmouth. Yesterday, we’d been close to two hours late and I was very intent on cutting that time back to thirty minutes. As it turned out, thanks to having no livestock or taxi induced collisions on the way, I was able to link with Sarah close to the planned-on time, (around 30 minutes late). Of course, we had to wait for Ivor and Mark to catch up, and then hit the Wholesale’s for batteries, so in the end things took their own time happening.
Shortly before noon, we arrived in Thatchfield, Saint Ann. Surprisingly quickly; we linked with a local man who knew exactly where the cave was located. Although I’d made a brief visit to Thatchfield years ago, I had little recollection of the place, and this gentleman speeded things up greatly. On the way to the cave, we learned that it was his birthday. We asked if we were taking him away from anything, but he seemed happy linking with us for the cave. By the end of the session, he still seemed happy that he had. Unfortunately, I know I have his contact info and name somewhere, but I haven’t found it yet. I believe that Ivor has it as well. He was a cool guy.
Thatchfield Great Cave has three ways in: The Lighthole, Entrance 1, and Entrance 2. The Lighthole, a rather pedestrian name for a very spectacular feature, is within 30 meters of the road that leads to the cave from Thatchfield. This is where we first made contact with the cave.
Most lightholes, of course, are merely places where a cave has reached the surface. In Jamaica, they tend to be on the order of 1 to 5 meters wide and are usually found in simple breakdown caves that occur high in hills, or in stream-passage systems that are not deeply situated. In the case of breakdown caves, a common layout is this: A large entrance is found in a saddle (or col), that leads into one, or several linked, breakdown chambers. They are very ancient caves and while they were growing upwards, the surrounding terrain was being lowered through Karst type erosion and collapse. Eventually, large chambers are formed that are at elevations well above the surrounding bottomland, and eventually they manage to cut small holes through to the top of the hill in which they have formed. The process does not stop here, but does also not proceed at as gradual a pace as it did for the hundreds of thousands of years that came before; there is a relatively rapid change from small lighthole to collapsed cave. One seldom sees the intermediate state. Because in many cases these breakdown type caves are not great in extent, consisting of only several chambers at best, when the roof comes down, that’s it for the cave. There is no more cave, just another collapsed area that has widened the saddle and has continued on its way to becoming more bottomland. The Lighthole at Thatchfield Great Cave is different.
At Thatchfield, the large chamber that carved its way up to the surface, and then collapsed, is part of a much larger system. The cave originally formed as a large river cave, long years ago. Because the limestone in which it formed is of a soft, amorphous type, the original large stream-passage has grown through percolation and breakdown to become much larger. It retains its original length, and is in fact still growing, but the early stream-passage, and its tributaries, have grown to massive proportions. The Lighthole chamber, at the upstream end, even when fallen in, was still part of a much larger system and remains part of it. Upstream, and downstream, the rest of the cave survived and continued growing. The Lighthole just became a spectacular way to access this cave
The Lighthole, unmeasured by us but about 35 m across, was how we intended to enter the cave. Although we knew that there were two small entrances to the north that would not require vertigear, the drop into this giant Lighthole pit was the most enticing way in. From the edge, because the upper part is somewhat funnel-shaped, we couldn’t see the bottom, but being fairly certain that the 60 m line would do it; we scanned for the best anchor point, the north, and then started rigging the drop. Because of the great width of the hole, we couldn’t divert the main-line away from the rock wall down which we would enter the hole, but we chose the most vertical, smoothest looking spot so we could avoid sharp edges, and tied off to a large tree.
The rope was lowered into the hole, and since I was the person who had brought the crew here, and chosen the descent point, and tied the rope, it seemed proper that I be the guinea pig and go down first. Accordingly, I harnessed up and got on-rope. As soon as I had done this, I realized that I had left my cigarettes in the car, and because I have to have a few quick puffs on a smoke before I begin every major descent, in case it is my last ever chance to do so, I had to temporarily abort the rappel. I confess, I asked Mark to run up to the car to get them for me… I felt a little guilty, him being a non-smoker, and me taking advantage of my position as the “expert”, but I was on the rope already and standard procedure for me is to get on rope, light a smoke, have several puffs, put it out, then head down, and I didn’t want to mess with the routine. I was already set to descend, my first rope-work of the session, and I didn’t want to jinx things. Mark, bless his heart, got my cigarettes; I had a few puffs, and then headed down.
After about 10 meters, I could see to the bottom of the hole. There was rope visible on the floor. Things were good. After another 5 meters, I left the wall of the pit behind as I descended into the lower, wider part of this ancient collapsed breakdown chamber. The upper part, some 35 m wide, gave way to a chamber twice as wide. The wall pulled away and the rappel became very beautiful. I slowly slid down the line, with my left hand on the figure-8 checking for heat, and felt very alive and very glad to be so. Too soon, I was at the bottom, about 45 m down.
The descender had built up some real heat by the bottom, so I tried to get the rope slacked in it as fast as possible, while not burning my hands, and after a minute was able to get off-rope. I gave a shout to those up-top that I was down and the next person could come ahead. Because of the distance, communication was difficult. I had forgotten to bring the walkie-talkies. The plan had been that Sarah would come next, then Ivor. Sarah didn’t have a lot of experience on long drops and I was concerned that it might be a little much for her first descent. It is a sad comment on my skills as an expedition leader that this didn’t truly occur to me until I was at the bottom; on this second day of the expedition, I was thinking mostly in terms of mechanics rather than the welfare of those whom I was supposed to be safe-guarding. In order to mitigate the potential damage, I moved just far enough to the side of the chamber to avoid rock fall, with the end of the rope in hand, and put tension on the line so that I could perhaps slow down an out of control rappeller. Peering upwards, I eventually saw the next person coming down.
I could soon make out that it was Mark. Mark Bellinger, American Peace Corps volunteer, and a very cool guy, had experience with Single Rope Technique. I did a turn of the rope around a leg, just in case, so I could get to it fast, and got out the camera. Looking up, this was obviously great photo potential. It was also very cool just watching him come down. I got several shots as he descended, one of which is being used extensively on the website. Mark arrived at the bottom, after having made a very controlled, very safe rappel, got off rope, and then we shouted up that we were clear. Within five minutes, we could see another person on the rope a great distance above us.
It wasn’t until the next rappeller was about a third of the way down that we could even tell who it was. Ivor was on the rope, coming down in good form, and five minutes later he was carefully detaching his hot descender from the line. We learned that Sarah had wisely decided to sit out this descent and would stay up top with the birthday boy.
We had the map for the known part of the cave, and we knew which way led to the two lower entrances and which way led further into the cave. Mark made the very good suggestion that we first find the lower entrances so that we would know if we would need to ascend the rope to get back out, or if we could just exit out the found lower entrances, thus not having to plan on time for three people to ascend 45 meters. This turned out to be an excellent suggestion.
The three of us headed to the north to seek out the other entrances. A large, level passage, of about 14 m width and 10 high, extends for about 30 m to the north and then begins to rise over boulders. This leads up to a chamber that offers steeply ascending routes to both left and right. I took the right-hand route, and after scrambling up through an ever-shrinking extension of the chamber, reached a dead-end. As I worked my way back down, Ivor worked his way to the route on the left. High in this direction, Ivor made a last climb/scramble and found a way on. This, after another 10 meters, arrived at Entrance 1. We all followed him up, and made our way out to the sunshine to have a look. Entrance 1 was quite small, about 1.5 m high and twice that wide, up about 10 m on the side of a hill. We now knew that we would not have to spend an hour or two ascending the rope to exit the cave, and we would have that much more time to spend in it. It was at this point that I redeemed myself as the expedition leader. I realized that we could easily walk around to the Lighthole entrance, pull the rope, get Sarah and our local assistant, and bring them into the cave through Entrance 1. I did just that, and not long afterwards, all five of us were assembled at Entrance 1 and heading back into the cave.
A close look inside Entrance 1 found an eleutherodactylus, (a type of frog that likes caves), but no invertebrates. This part of the cave is very dry due to it receiving a diurnal convective flow of air coming from the Lighthole. We then retraced our steps back to the Lighthole, and made our way to the other side. I took a course straight across, but Ivor moved along close to the southeast wall, finding on the way the large opening that begins the route to Entrance 2. I came back, and we had a good look. There is a drop of about 10 m into a medium sized chamber, and because our main goal was to get into the “New Cave”, we slated it for the future and carried on across the Lighthole. It should be noted that the map in JU is not terribly accurate in this part of the cave. Although I wanted to find the route to Entrance 2, it is shown on the map as branching off some distance into the chambers past the Lighthole; I’d headed straight across expecting that my search for it would begin some distance ahead. It is good that Ivor had taken the route he had, or I would have been baffled by not finding it where it was shown to be.
I was lucky in not having much weight on my back, Mark having stuffed the 60 m rope into his pack, leaving me with just some batteries, maps and clipboard. As a result, I was able to move along at a good pace.
I entered a very wide, very high passage that extended to the southwest. It is comparable in size to Wharf in Windsor Cave, or the upper level at Bristol, i.e. some 40 – 50 wide and 25 – 30 high. The crawl to the New Cave is shown on the JCC survey of 1976 as being on the southeast wall close to the end of this enormous passage, so as soon as I had the end in sight, I began to work my way along the wall, looking into low openings. This particular spot had concerned me prior to our session; it is shown as being quite low, described as a crawl, and potentially difficult to find. As it turned out, the second set of small openings low on the east wall showed a way ahead and I had it proven and flagged before the others reached where I was.
This “crawl” went undiscovered for many years. To quote from JU, it was “discovered in 1971 apparently after a blockage was washed out in a flood”. Perhaps it has been washed out further since then because it is not really a “crawl”, but rather is 1 m at the lowest point, and indeed, much of the 10 m length is about 1.5 m. After this 10 m, the New Cave is reached.
The members of the Jamaican Caving Club, who in 1971 made this discovery of the New Cave, must have been astounded at what they found. After 10 m, they entered a passage some 6 m high and the same wide. Before them, it extended to the SW and obviously increased rapidly in size. They followed this, soon scrambling down over breakdown boulders, as the ceiling rose higher above them; to reach the floor of a passage as large as anything they had seen in the “Old Cave”. Further ahead, the passage grew larger. They carried on, and on, through passages, chambers, the discovery of which must have surpassed their greatest hopes. Above them, and around them, flew thousands of bats, their spectacular home seeing its first human visit. After hundreds of meters, a junction was reached. Enormous passages extended both left and right. To the right, they found more of these grand galleries that eventually led to avens. To the left they eventually reached a series of drops that led into a lower, continuing passage. What they had found this day was a “New Cave”, many times vaster than that which they had entered from, and that still presented opportunities for further exploration. Further work was done on repeat visits, but a close reading of their notes shows that the potential for new discoveries still remains.
Following in the footsteps of the JCC, we began to move ahead along this route. It was soon apparent that the bat numbers in this cave were massive. The sound of them in flight, disturbed by our presence and lights, was like that of a flowing river. I had been deceived by this at Home Away Cave in 2001, and thought that there was indeed a river ahead, but I now knew that this was not water, but bats in great numbers. This great sound of bats would persist for virtually the entire rest of the cave. In total numbers, the bat population in the New Cave far exceeds any that I have seen in other caves. It is comparable in density to the main roosting chamber at Windsor, but covers, at least, 10 times as much area. At Geneva Mountain Cave, at Dolphin Head, the density was greater, but Thatchfield is many times greater in size. Bristol, with most of the bats now eliminated, would not have compared when it was still intact. To date, Thatchfield Great Cave has the greatest numbers of bats that I have seen in a Jamaican cave, by far.
Before I go further, I must note two observations that indicate the possibility of another entrance to the cave, perhaps in the area of the avens. When we were in the crawl to the New Cave, there was a strong inward flow of air. The vast numbers of bats that roost in the New Cave are not flying though the crawl on their way in and out. There is apparently an additional undiscovered way into the New Cave. It is at least large enough for great numbers of bats to fly through. The inward flow of air at the crawl shows that an opening to the surface exists at a higher level than the crawl. At a guess, I’d say it’s at the avens. The JCC made partial ascents of the two avens and were unable to
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We believe that he did not have any sons to become king after him. So, Jonathan’s son should have become king after Ish-Bosheth. But Mephibosheth could not walk. He could not fight wars. Therefore, he could not be the king. He would not affect the plans for *Israel. So, nobody bothered to kill him. He was about 13 years old in this chapter. The story of Mephibosheth continues in chapter 9.
In those days, people usually gave the oldest son’s name first (as in verse 2). But from verse 5, Recab’s name is first. This probably means that he was the leader in this event. Recab and Baanah were captains in Ish-Bosheth’s army. He trusted them. They could visit the king at his house. Perhaps they went there often to get food for their soldiers. The king may have had soldiers who guarded his house. But these soldiers would not suspect Recab and Baanah. *Israel is a hot country. People often got up early and they worked while it was cooler. Then they rested when it became hot in the middle of the day. Recab and Baanah killed Ish-Bosheth when he could not defend himself. They murdered him in the same way that Joab murdered Abner. They cut off his head as the evidence of their act. Also, this was like a prize for them (see 1 Samuel 17:51-58 and 31:8-9). They travelled at night so that they would not meet other people. (Most people only travelled in the daytime because it was safer.)
We do not why Recab and Baanah were not loyal to Ish-Bosheth. They probably knew that he was too weak to remain as the king. Perhaps they wanted David to approve of them as leaders. This act would show that they were loyal to David. They even said that this was the *Lord’s work. But they did not trust the *Lord. Instead, they wanted to punish Saul’s family. Recab and Baanah knew what Saul had done to David. They had probably gone with Saul when he chased David. But they did not know that David respected Saul. Saul had been God’s *anointed king. Perhaps Recab and Baanah did not know about the punishment for the man who killed Saul (1:5-16). Certainly, they did not realise that David would punish them in the same way.
David was a soldier. But a fair soldier did not kill innocent people. David did not need anyone to punish his enemies. He trusted God in every situation. David was very angry at Recab and Baanah. He punished them by the law of the *Lord (Exodus 21:12 and Leviticus 24:17). David’s men hung up the two bodies without their hands and feet. This showed everyone that they had punished the two men. But they buried Ish-Bosheth’s head with proper honour. Ish-Bosheth had depended on Abner while he was alive. Then, when they died, their bodies shared the same grave.
This chapter records three very important things that David did:
(1) He united the nation of *Israel.
(2) He made the city of Jerusalem his capital. (This city is still the most important city for the *Jewish people now, almost 3000 years later.)
(3) He defeated the *Philistines. They were never a big problem again for the *Israelites.
The author of this book recorded these events. But he did not tell us when they happened.
(Verses 1-10 See also 1 Chronicles 11:1-9.
Verses 11-16 See also 1 Chronicles 3:5-9 and 4:1-7.
Verses 17-25 See also 1 Chronicles 14:8-17.)
In chapter 3, Abner had intended to make David the king over all *Israel. Now Abner and King Ish-Bosheth were dead. The leaders from the 10 northern *tribes had to choose a new king. David did not go and make himself their king. Instead, they came to David. In Deuteronomy 17:15, God gave two commands about *Israelite kings;
· The king must be a ‘brother *Israelite’. In other words, he must belong to the families of the *Israelites.
· The king must be the person that the *Lord chooses.
All the *Israelites belonged to the same family although they were in different *tribes. They all came from the family of Jacob (Genesis chapter 35). So the northern *tribes emphasised this family unity. The *Israelites also knew that David was a great military leader. God had given David success in every battle that he fought. David had even had more success than King Saul had. Also, the *Israelites knew that God had chosen David as their king. The people knew God’s promise about David. The Bible does not record God’s words in verse 2 anywhere else. But God had told Samuel to *anoint David. This meant that he would become king one day (1 Samuel 16:1).
In verse 2, a ‘leader’ is a prince or a king. He rules a *tribe or a nation. The word also refers to the captain of an army. In this verse, God called the *Israelites ‘my people’. The *Israelites did not belong to David. They belonged to God. So David had to look after the *Israelites in the proper way.
The word ‘*shepherd’ describes how the ruler should do his work. David had been a *shepherd when he was young (1 Samuel 16:11 and 17:14-15). A *shepherd looks after sheep. He leads them. And he feeds and protects them. Genesis 49:50 calls God a *shepherd. In John 10 Jesus taught about *shepherds. He said, ‘I am the good *shepherd.’ David wrote the famous Psalm 23. He described God as the *shepherd. David knew how God had been like a *shepherd to him. So, David understood how to look after God’s people. He did not become an unkind or cruel king.
Samuel had *anointed David as king in 1 Samuel 16:6-13. In 2 Samuel 2:4 the men of *Judah *anointed David as king of the *tribe of *Judah. At last, all *Israel *anointed David as their king. David had waited many years for this to happen. But David did not try to make it happen. He trusted God when the situation with Saul was very difficult. In the end, God worked everything out. In 1 Samuel 10:25, Samuel had explained to the people about the duties of the *Israelites and their king. In verse 3, David and the *Israelites made an agreement. This was probably like the agreement that Saul made in order to become king. ‘In front of the *Lord’ probably means that the priest led this event at a special holy place.
The people called Jebusites lived in the country called Canaan (Israel) before God gave it to the *Israelites (Genesis 10:15-19; 15:18-21). Jerusalem was an ancient city in their country. They called it Jebus (Judges 19:10). It was in the land that God gave to the *tribe of Benjamin. The men from *Judah and Benjamin had tried to take control of Jerusalem in the past (Joshua 15:63; Judges 1:8, 21). But they could not defeat the Jebusite people. They would not leave their city. So the Jebusites and *Israelites lived together in the country.
David wanted a new capital city. Jerusalem was better than Hebron. But the Jebusites believed that the *Israelites could never take control of the city. The city was on the top of a steep hill. The name of the hill was Zion. The city had a wall round it. The Jebusites felt safe in their city. They could throw stones down onto anyone who attacked them. They thought that even very weak people could defend the city. But David was the first person to defeat the Jebusites in Jerusalem. He called this city by his own name, ‘the city of David’. Verse 8 might show that David did not kill the Jebusites (see also 2 Samuel 24:18-25). He may have let them live under his control. He referred to them as ‘the blind and *lame people’. And they could not go into the palace that Hiram built for David in verse 11.
When David lived in Jerusalem, David made the city bigger. The *Jewish people still live in Jerusalem today. They believe that it is a very special place. They still call it the ‘city of David’. They also call it the ‘city of Zion’. It is now a very large city. People have tried to discover more about the old city of Zion. They found an underground passage that went down through the rock to a stream. The people called Jebusites used this passage to get water when people attacked them. This is the ‘water tunnel’ in verse 8. David may have discovered this stream and well many years before. He knew that it was the only way to get into the city.
Verse 11 probably happened many years after David became king. King Hiram lived outside of *Israel. He saw that David had become a powerful king. Hiram respected King David. He wanted to build David a palace. Tyre was an important port for trade. Many workmen lived there. There were not many men in *Israel who could build houses from wood and stone. Hiram got wood from cedar trees. That wood was very strong. It lasted for a long time. David probably sent grain and food as a gift to King Hiram.
Verses 10 and 12 say that David became powerful. He felt like a proper king as soon as he had a palace to live in. His *kingdom became great. But David did not become proud. He knew that the *Lord God had given him everything. And the *Lord did this because of the *Israelites. The *Lord loved the people that he had chosen (Deuteronomy 7:6-11).
In Deuteronomy 17:17, God says that a king should not have many wives. But David did not follow this law. Instead, he behaved like the kings in the countries round *Israel. Later in 2 Samuel, we see that there was a lot of trouble between David’s sons. There are other lists of David’s sons in 1 Chronicles 3:5-9 and 14:4-7. The lists are not quite the same. Some sons may have died when they were young. And some may have had different names. There is no list of David’s daughters. Solomon became the king after David. Luke 3:31 says that Nathan was a previous relative of Jesus. The Bible does not mention any of David’s other sons that are in verses 14-16 again.
The *Philistines had not attacked David when he was the king of *Judah. But when he became the king of all *Israel he was more powerful. So the whole *Philistine army went to find him. This probably happened before David attacked Jerusalem. But David heard that the *Philistines were coming to attack him. The ‘*stronghold’ in verse 7 was probably one of the places where David used to hide from Saul in southern *Judah. Rephaim was south west of Jerusalem. The Bible does not tell us many details about these two battles. But it tells us one important thing. David first asked the *Lord what he should do. David did not fight until the *Lord answered him. David probably went to Abiathar, or another priest. The priest used the *ephod to find the *Lord’s answer (see 1 Samuel 23:9-12). This contrasts with Saul in 1 Samuel, especially in chapter 28.
David defeated the *Philistines in the first battle. However, he knew that the *Lord had really defeated them. So, David gave that place a new name. This gave honour to the *Lord because of his action in the battle. ‘Baal Perazim’ means the ‘*Lord burst through’. The *Philistines believed that their gods lived in the *idols. The account in 1 Chronicles 14:12 says that David burned the *idols. So the *Lord defeated the *Philistines and their false gods.
The *Philistines went to attack David again. And David asked the *Lord again what he should do. The *Lord gave David a different plan. He attacked the *Philistines from behind. They did not expect David to attack them in that way. (Balsam is a type of small tree.) In 1 Samuel 8:19-20 the *Israelites had asked for a king. They wanted the king to lead their army into battle. But, in verse 24, the *Lord said, ‘I will be marching ahead of you.’ The *Lord led David and his army into the battle. David did not attack until he heard the sound of the *Lord in the trees. Again, David and his army fought, but the *Lord defeated the *Philistines.
After these battles, the *Philistines were never a big problem for the *Israelites. The *Philistines still attacked some of the cities in *Israel. But they knew that they could never defeat the whole nation. The nation of *Israel was safer with David as king. David obeyed the *Lord.
(Verses 1-11 See also 1 Chronicles 13:1-14.)
The account of this event in 1 Chronicles 13 says that David gathered men from his army. Then he gathered men from all the *tribes of *Israel. He also asked the priests and *Levites to go with him. This was an important event for the *Israelites. David was king of the whole nation. Jerusalem (the city of David) was the new capital city. David had a palace to live in. David now wanted the *ark of the *Lord to be in *Israel’s capital city. This meant that the *Lord would be present in the city. Also, it would show that the *Lord was the real king of *Israel. The *Israelites would give *sacrifices and *worship the *Lord there.
God is too great to live in any building that men may build (Acts 7:48-50). But he was present at the *ark of the *Lord. In the *Old Testament, God spoke to the priest from a place above the *ark (Exodus 25:22). In verse 2, the word ‘present’ can mean ‘sit’. This means that the *ark was like a throne (a king’s seat) for the *Lord. So, wherever the *ark went, the *Lord was present there in a special way. ‘The *ark has the name of the most powerful *Lord.’ This means that the *ark belonged to the *Lord. It was holy because it belonged to the *Lord.
In Joshua 15:9, Baalah is a different name for the town called Kiriath Jearim. The *ark had been there since 1 Samuel 7:1. King Saul had no interest in the *ark. He did not *worship the *Lord as David did. The *Israelites moved the *ark on a new cart. *Oxen pulled the cart. This is what the *Philistines did in 1 Samuel 6:7-15. But this is against the *Lord’s commands in Exodus 25:10-16 and Numbers 4:5-6,15. God had told the *Levites to put two long poles into rings in the ark. Then they carried the ark by these poles. They could not touch the ark because it was very holy. Abinadab’s family had looked after the *ark for many years. In verse 3, ‘sons’ can mean grandsons. They led the *ark on its journey to Jerusalem. The *Israelites knew that this was a special event. They had a very happy time. Lyres and harps are instruments with strings. Tambourines and rattles make a noise when you shake them. Cymbals are flat pieces of metal that you hit together. This was a very noisy procession.
Farmers had to separate the grains of wheat from the stems and the leaves. They shook the wheat into the air in order to do this. Then the wind blew the light pieces away. Each farmer did it at a particular place where the ground was flat. So, everyone knew where Uzzah died. Perhaps the ground was not in fact level there. Uzzah wanted to protect the *ark so he held it. But the *ark was holy. Uzzah had not given honour to God. So, God punished Uzzah. (God had warned about this in Numbers 4:15.) ‘Perez Uzzah’ means ‘the angry reaction against Uzzah’. Abinadab’s family should have known how to move the *ark. They should have moved it God’s way, not their own way. The happy day became a sad day for all the *Israelites.
David thought that he was doing the right thing. He wanted to give honour to the *Lord. He wanted all the *Israelites to *worship the *Lord again. But the *Lord had stopped the procession. David was angry. Then David realised how holy God was. So he became afraid of the *Lord. He did not want the *Lord to punish any more people. David did not know whether the *ark would ever go to Jerusalem. Obed Edom was probably a *Levite (1 Chronicles 26:1-8). David would not have given the *ark to an ordinary *Israelite. The *Levites knew how to look after the *ark in the proper way. Gath was probably a town in *Israel, not the *Philistine town.
(Verses 12-19 See also 1 Chronicles 15:25-16:3.)
For three months the *Lord *blessed everything that Obed Edom had. David realised that the *ark itself was not the problem. The *Lord had only been angry because Uzzah had done something wrong. He had touched the ark. But then, the *Lord *blessed everyone who gave him honour. The problem was that David’s men had carried the *ark in the wrong way. They had not obeyed the *Lord. This time they carried it as the *Lord had said. And they *sacrificed to the *Lord. David was king of all the priests in *Israel. It seems that David behaved like a priest that day. He took off his royal coat to show that he was humble. And he wore a *linen *ephod. (Only the priests wore an *ephod.) In the book of Psalms, the writers often said ‘shout with joy to the *Lord’. The *Israelites were often very noisy when they *worshipped. A *trumpet is an instrument
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起床穿鞋，我总是三天两头地迟到而被扣工资，为了生计，我只好晚上睡觉的时候不再脱鞋。第一次约会见美女，美女很爽快：“我这人喜欢说实话，我是一个喜欢勾勾搭搭的女人。” 我说：“我这人也喜欢说实话，我是一个不三不四的男人。”美女微笑：“其实我爱织毛衣，特别喜欢钩针织法，所以勾勾搭搭！”我
天气渐渐热了，好想摆个地摊，卖点女同胞们感兴趣的小玩意，段友们给点意见呗：卖镜子吧，记住，一定要平放地上卖！面条被馒头欺负找花卷替他报仇，花卷去找馒头，路上遇到豆包，误认为馒头，便把它揍一顿，回去面条问报仇了吗？花卷说放心吧，屎都打出来了！
现在那些整天黑小四的人小心点吧，等小四百年之后变成厉鬼吓死你们，因为人小鬼大。那年，我同学在网吧被他老爸逮住了，揪回宿舍，他老爸警告他再去网吧打断他的腿。他说：“你打断我的腿我也得再去一次！”他老爸立马一顿踢，他边躲边喊：“我牙膏，牙刷，沐浴露，被子。。。都还放在网吧呢！”今天儿子吃了我的饭，十分满意，在家族群发了一句话：“热烈祝贺我妈妈终于学会了炒鸡蛋。”不一会儿，我公公婆婆发来了祝贺消息，我爸爸妈妈也发来惊喜的表情，唯有我老公发来的是哭脸，并附上一句话：我竟然能盼来
蜈蚣的座右铭：多行不义必自毙。
ABC三个人聊天。
A问B：“你家里有轿车吗？”
B：“没有”
A对C说：“看看，我说他没有家轿吧！”
金庸小说里总有一个风度翩翩、气质俊朗、武功超群的表哥。但金庸最后总要把这位表哥描写得卑鄙、负心薄幸、竹篮打水一场空。
比如天龙八部里的慕容复、连城诀里的汪啸风、倚天屠龙记里的卫璧。
一直不知道金<|endoftext|>Era andata a visitare le tombe del marito e di un figlio deceduto, la donna trovata senza vita. A trovarla riversa per terra su un vialetto è stato un altro figlio della vittima, un uomo che lavora per il ministero della Difesa. È stato lui a lanciare l’allarme facendo intervenire sul posto la Polizia. La donna presenta delle lacerazioni al volto e accanto al corpo ci sarebbero delle pietre.
Il medico legale non si è ancora espresso sulle cause del decesso, ma l’ipotesi che prende corpo tra gli investigatori è quella dell’omicidio.<|endoftext|>We’ve all heard about chemicals such as nitrates in cured meats, but have you ever really looked into the real dangers associated with regular ingestion of this preservative?
And did you know that it’s used today more to maintain the traditional pink color we are used to seeing in meats like ham, hot dogs, and bacon?
Nitrates are used in many foods, especially cured meats such as bacon, hot dogs, bologna, salami, pepperoni, corned beef, pastrami, and other deli meats such as cured ham, and turkey. The nitrites preserve the pink color, and prevent the growth of bacteria that can cause botulism.
Even though adding nitrates to cured meats is no longer necessary with better production and food storage methods, which have decreased the potential for food-borne illness, they are still used in cooked meats to maintain the familiar pink color and cured flavor.
While nitrate itself is essentially harmless, they break down over time, forming nitrites. Even nitrites themselves are sometimes added directly to meat to speed up the curing process.
When nitrates are consumed, they convert in the body to nitrites, which form nitrosamines, a known powerful carcinogen.
Eating cured meats containing nitrates may also double your risk for lung disease. Researchers in a Columbia University Medical Center study found that those eating cured meats containing nitrate more than 14 times a month nearly doubled their risk of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), including bronchitis and emphysema. than those who did not. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the US.
Study author, David C. Park states that “The nitrate reacts with the lung tissues, cracking elastin and stiffening collagen, causing the lungs to age'”.
Children are particularly at risk with dangerous nitrite levels. These compounds have been found to be associated with cancers of the stomach, brain, bladder, and leukemia.
One study cites that children who eat more than 12 hot dogs per month have almost 10x the likelihood of developing childhood leukemia.
To be on the safe side,e people should opt for nitrate free meats that do not include sodium nitrate or potassium nitrates.
When consuming foods containing nitrates, eat in combination with foods containing vitamin C, or take vitamin C, as it limits the nitrates from converting to nitrite in your stomach.<|endoftext|>Merkezi Houston, Teksas'ta bulunan Rice Üniversitesi, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin önde gelen araştırma üniversitelerinden biridir. Dünyada bir uzay bilimi bölümü kuran ilk üniversitedir. NASA'nın Johnson Uzay Merkezi, üniversite tarafından bağışlanan arazide yer almaktadır. Rice Üniversitesi aynı zamanda dünyanın en büyük tıbbi tesisi olan Texas Medical Center'ın da bir üyesidir. Rice Üniversitesi, William Marsh Rice adında zengin bir vatandaş tarafından kavramsallaştırılan bir enstitüden kurulmuştur. 1891'de arkadaşları ve avukatıyla birlikte William Marsh Rice Edebiyat, Bilim ve Sanatta İlerleme Enstitüsü'nü kurdu. Ancak enstitü ölümünden sonra kurulacaktı. 1900'deki ölümünün ve bazı yasal engellerin ardından, enstitünün kurulması için çalışmalar başladı. Rice Enstitüsü, 1904'te William Rice'ın mülkünden 4.6 milyon dolarlık bir bağış aldı. Princeton Üniversitesi'nden yüksek nitelikli bir matematikçi ve astronom olan Edgar Odell Lovett, Lovett, en yüksek standartlarda bir kurum kurmak için çeşitli ülkelerde bulunan 78 yüksek öğrenim kurumunu ziyaret etti. Bu enstitü daha sonra 1960 yılında William Marsh Rice Üniversitesi oldu. Bugün, Rice Üniversitesi 285 dönümlük bir kampüsü işgal ediyor ve 70 büyük binayı barındırıyor. Kampüs mimarlık, mühendislik, beşeri bilimler, doğa bilimleri, sosyal bilimler ve müzik okullarını kapsar. Ayrıca kampüste son teknoloji bilim ve mühendislik laboratuvarları, bilgisayar hizmetleri enstitüsü, sanat enstitüsü, ve bir nükleer araştırma laboratuvarı. Üniversite kütüphanesi, Fondren Kütüphanesi, iki milyondan fazla kitap, üç milyon mikroform ve 16.000 güncel dizi ve süreli yayın içermektedir. Rice Üniversitesi'nin lisans öğrencilerinin yaklaşık dörtte biri Ulusal Başarı Burslularıdır. Üniversite, Ulusal Bilim Bursları alan öğrencilerin yüzdesi açısından ilk sırada yer aldı.Üniversite, dünyanın ilk beşinden biri olan 3 milyar dolarlık bir bağışa sahiptir. Bu arada, üniversitenin 1965 yılına kadar öğrenim ücreti yoktu.Rice Üniversitesi, Kiplinger'in "En İyi Kolej Değeri" için 1.600 özel üniversite arasında ilk sırada yer aldı. Kişisel finans ve ilk olarak "mezun başına düşen en az borç miktarı" için ABD Haberleri ve Dünya Raporu.Rice Üniversitesi, önde gelen bir araştırma üniversitesi olup, kampüsünde birçok disiplinler arası araştırma enstitüsüne ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Bunlar arasında Rice Quantum Enstitüsü, Pirinç Mühendisliği Tasarım ve Geliştirme Enstitüsü, Bilgisayar ve Bilgi Teknolojisi Enstitüsü, Nano Ölçekli Bilim ve Teknoloji Merkezi ve Biyolojik ve Çevresel Nanoteknoloji Merkezi bulunmaktadır. Yapay kalplerin ilk araştırma ve geliştirme çalışmalarının çoğu, 1996 yılında, Rice Üniversitesi'nden Profesörler Richard Smalley ve Robert Curl, karbon 60 moleküllerinin (buckminsterfullerenes) keşfi ve uygulaması için prestijli Nobel Kimya Ödülü'nü kazandı. Şu anda, nanoteknolojinin sıcak yeni alanında birçok çığır açan araştırma çalışması yürütülmektedir.
Rice Üniversitesi - Tarih
I. TARİH
Dikkate değer bir ölçüde Rice Üniversitesi, kurucularının -William Marsh Rice ve bir yüksek öğrenim kurumu için planlarını paylaşmaya gelen küçük bir grup adamın- niyetleriyle şekillendi. 1891 baharında, Massachusetts'in yerlisi olan ve on dokuzuncu yüzyılın ortalarında Houston'da bir tüccar olarak başarılı olan Rice, beyaz erkek ve kadınların eğitimi için edebiyat, bilim ve sanatın ilerletilmesi için bir enstitü kurmaya karar verdi. Houston ve Teksas. Afrika kökenli öğrencilerin açık bir şekilde dışlanması dışında, Rice, Philadelphia'dan Stephen Girard ve New York City'den Peter Cooper'ın örneklerinden esinlenerek, kendi adını taşıyan, araştırma yapacak ve bir okulda ücretsiz eğitim sağlayacak bir enstitü kurdu. partizan olmayan ve mezhepçi olmayan bir atmosfer. Ölümünden sonra enstitüsünün inşasını ve yönetimini denetlemek için yedi mütevelli heyeti oluşturdu. Ancak 1900'de öldürüldüğünde, Kaptan James A. Baker liderliğindeki mütevelli heyetinin Rice'ın iradesine yönelik zorlukların üstesinden gelmesi, bağışını (başlangıçta 4,6 milyon dolar) güvence altına alması ve enstitüsünün düzgün bir şekilde faaliyete geçmesini sağlaması yıllar aldı. . 1907'nin sonlarına doğru, Kaptan Baker ve mütevelli arkadaşları diğer üniversiteler üzerinde bir araştırmayı tamamlamışlar ve Princeton Üniversitesi'nde astronomi bölümü başkanı olan klasik eğitimli bir matematikçi olan Edgar Odell Lovett'i William Marsh Rice Enstitüsü'nün ilk başkanı olarak seçmişlerdi.
Mütevelli heyeti tarafından desteklenen Başkan Lovett, yeni enstitünün karakterini yavaş yavaş geliştirdi. Yüksek öğrenim üzerine düşünmek ve Rice için seçkin akademisyenleri işe almak için Avrupa ve Asya'daki önde gelen üniversitelerde dokuz aylık bir tura çıkarak başladı. Sadece lisans öğrencileri için mükemmel bir eğitim - yüksek akademik standartlar, bir yatılı kolej sistemi ve bir onur kuralı içeren bir eğitim - sağlamakla kalmayacak, aynı zamanda ileri araştırmalar yürütecek ve az sayıda doktora öğrencisi yetiştirecek bir üniversite planlamak için geri döndü. . Bunlar yüce ve pahalı arzulardı. Bağış 1904'ten beri önemli ölçüde artmış olsa da, Lovett hayal ettiği kapsamlı üniversiteye bir anda sahip olamayacağını biliyordu. Bu nedenle başlangıçta sadece bilim ve mühendisliği vurgulamak zorunda kaldı. Eylül 1912'ye gelindiğinde, elli dokuz öğrenci yeni kampüste - Houston sokaklarının hemen ötesinde düz bir çayırlık alanda - dersler için bir araya geldiğinde, Rice'ın dört binası ve Julian Huxley'in de dahil olduğu bir fakülte olan dikkate değer bir uluslararası fakültesi vardı. Biyolojide Oxford'dan, fizikte Cambridge'den Harold A. Wilson ve matematikte Harvard'dan Griffith C. Evans.
Rice, 1912'den sonra yaklaşık yirmi yıl boyunca hızla büyümesine rağmen, Buhran sırasındaki fon eksikliği, işten çıkarmaları zorunlu kıldı ve Rice, II. Daha sonra, çok daha büyük kaynaklara sahip yeni liderler, Başkan Lovett'in 1912'de tasavvur ettiği daha dengeli üniversiteye 1970 yılına kadar yaklaşarak, yaklaşık otuz yıllık sürekli büyümeyi başlatabildiler. 1942'de edinilen ve hırslı bir kurul tarafından desteklenen petrol sahalarından elde edilen gelir sayesinde Lovett'in halefleri olan William V. Houston ve Kenneth S. Pitzer, fakültenin büyüklüğünü artırabildi (1938'de 58'den 1970'de 350'ye), birçok önde gelen akademisyeni işe aldı (daha yüksek maaşlarla ve 1962'den sonra kadrolu olarak çalıştı). atamalar), yeni akademik bölümler oluşturmak ve sadece derslikler ve laboratuvarlar için değil, aynı zamanda 1957'de başlayan konut kolej sistemi için de çeşitli binalar inşa etmek. Bu değişiklikler, 1960'tan Rice Üniversitesi'nin daha fazla öğrenci kabul etmek, müfredatını genişletmek ve araştırma ve lisansüstü programlara daha fazla önem vermek. Ancak değişiklikleri sürdürmek - ulusal bir üniversite olarak rekabet edebilmek için - Rice, tüzüğünde 1966'dan itibaren nispeten mütevazı bir öğrenim ücreti almasına ve Afrikalı-Amerikalı öğrencileri kabul etmesine izin veren değişiklikleri aradı (Rice daha önce "beyaz" öğrenciler olarak kabul etmişti. diğer ırklar ve ulusal kökenler).
Öyle olsa bile, Norman Hackerman 1970'de başkan olduğunda, yeni programlar Rice'ın kaynaklarını sınırlarına kadar zorluyordu. Hackerman bütçelerini dengeledi, Rice'ı yedi okulda (yönetim, mimari, mühendislik, beşeri bilimler, müzik, doğa bilimleri ve sosyal bilimler) yeniden düzenledi ve 1985 yılına kadar bağışın 131'den 680 milyon dolara çıkarılmasına yardımcı oldu. Onun halefleri George Rupp ve Malcolm Gillis, Rice'ı geliştirmek için daha iddialı planlar gerçekleştirebildi: lisans öğrencileri için temel dersler, disiplinler arası araştırmayı desteklemek için daha fazla öğretim üyesi (enstitüler ve merkezler aracılığıyla), ek lisansüstü programlar ve 1985 ile 1997 yılları arasında yedi yeni bina. 1990'lar Rice, 4.000'den fazla öğrencisi ve 450 tam zamanlı öğretim üyesi olan bir üniversite haline gelmişti ve mezunları ve öğretim üyeleri çeşitli alanlarda kendilerini farklılaştırıyorlardı (1978'den beri fizik ve kimyada Nobel Ödülleri ve kurguda Pulitzer Ödülü kazandılar. ). Ancak Rice, kurucuları tarafından tasarlandığı gibi kaldı: lisans eğitiminde, bilimsel araştırmalarda ve sınırlı sayıda lisansüstü programda mükemmellik peşinde koşan nispeten küçük ve uygun fiyatlı bir üniversite.
Rice'ın şu anki başkanı David Leebron yönetiminde üniversite, lisans kayıtlarında yüzde 30'luk bir büyüme yaşadı, uluslararası profilini artırdı, araştırma girişimini genişletti ve Houston ile olan ilişkisini derinleştirdi. Rice kampüsü, diğer iyileştirmelerin yanı sıra iki yeni konut koleji, yeni bir fizik binası, yeni bir rekreasyon merkezi, BioScience Research Collaborative ve bir kamu sanat programı ile dönüştürülmüştür. Bu gelişmeler, Başkan Leebron'un Rice'taki ilk yılında fakülte ile yapılan kapsamlı, belediye binası tarzı toplantılardan ortaya çıkan İkinci Yüzyıl Vizyonunda ifade edilen öncelikleri yansıtmaktadır.
Rice Üniversitesi'nin tarihi ve mimarisi hakkında daha fazla ayrıntı için bkz. Böyle Tasarlanmış Bir Üniversite: Pirincin Kısa Tarihi ve James Morehead'in Rice Üniversitesinde Yürüyüş Turu. Bu kitapların her biri Rice Üniversitesi Kitabevi'nde mevcuttur.
Rice Üniversitesi - Tarih
Tarih Bölümü
Tarihi seven ve geçmişi geniş bir şekilde keşfetme özgürlüğünü isteyen öğrenciler, tarihte uzmanlaşmayı düşünmelidir.
Doçent Araştırma Alanları: Güney Asya, Doğu İslam Dünyası, Erken İslam Tarihi, Osmanlı Ortadoğusu
George ve Nancy Rupp Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Alanları Profesörü: Modern Çin Entelektüel Tarihi, Feminist Teori, Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Sosyal Bilimler
Katherine Tsanoff Brown Beşeri Bilimler Araştırma Alanlarında Profesör: ABD dış politikası, ABD Siyasi Tarihi, Çevre tarihi, Sivil Haklar
Doçent Araştırma Alanları: Atlantic World, African Diaspora, U.S. African American
Samuel G. McCann Tarih Profesörü Araştırma Alanları: Modern Almanya, Modern Avrupa, Politika, Hukuk ve Sosyal Düşünce, Politik Ekonomi ve Düşünce, Modern Avrupa Entelektüel Tarihi
Beşeri Bilimler Dekanı, Andrew W. Mellon Tarih Profesörü
Barbara Kirkland Chiles Tarih Araştırma Alanları Profesörü: Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Dünya, Orta Doğu, Modernleşme ve Kalkınma, Modern ABD
Samuel W. & Goldye Marian İspanya Doçent Araştırma Alanları: Modern Fransa, Modern Avrupa, İnsan hakları ve göç çalışmaları
Doçent Araştırma Alanları: Erken Afrika, Atlantik Afrika, Modern Afrika, Afrika Diasporası, Kölelik ve Köleliğin Kaldırılması
William P. Hobby Profesör Amerikan Tarihi Editörü, Güney Tarihi Araştırma Alanları Dergisi: Güney tarihi, Ekonomi tarihi, ABD Çevre Tarihi
Doçent Müdür, Ortaçağ ve
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constitute a performable unit such as a section, movement or aria but in no case more than 10% of the whole work. The number of copies shall not exceed one copy per pupil.
Printed copies which have been purchased may be edited OR simplified provided that the fundamental character of the work is not distorted or the lyrics, if any, altered or lyrics added if none exist.
A single copy of recordings of performances by students may be made for evaluation or rehearsal purposes and may be retained by the educational institution or individual teacher.
- A single copy of a sound recording (such as a tape, disc or cassette) of copyrighted music may be made from sound recordings owned by an educational institution or an individual teacher for the purpose of constructing aural exercises or examinations and may be retained by the educational institution or individual teacher. (This pertains only to the copyrights of the music itself and not to any copyright that may exist in the sound recording.)
Copying to create or replace or substitute for anthologies, compilations or collective works.
Copying for the purpose of performance, except as in permissible uses (1) above.
Copying for the purpose of substituting for the purchase of a motion picture, except as in permissible uses (1) above.
Copying without inclusion of the copyright notice which appears on the printed copy.
Using multimedia Projects for non-educational or commercial purposes.
Duplication and distribution of multimedia projects beyond classroom limitations.
Codes of Best Practices in Fair Use
Recently, a number of organizations have published Codes of Best Practices in Fair Use that relate specifically to the educational use of multimedia resources. Below is one such code that addresses the specific research and pedagogical needs of music and music education and should be consulted when appropriate and in concert with previously established guidelines to facilitate a thorough evaluation of the use of copyrighted multimedia content.
The following situational guidelines are excerpted from the above Best Practices in Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials in Music Scholarship and should be used in conjunction with classroom guidelines to inform decisions regarding the use of copyrighted media:
Printed Music: Relatively brief excerpts (that is, only as much as is necessary), whether in full score or in reduction, and whether explicated or used in illustration of an argument or comparison, may be used without permission of the copyright holder. Note that this would apply both to original/unadulterated scores (which may be in the public domain in any event) and to later edited editions. Note that if the scholarly analysis requires reproduction of the work in its entirety, then even this use would constitute fair use. In this case, the scholar should make certain that every part of the reproduction is necessary to the analysis. This position is strengthened if the work itself is quite short.
Lyrics: Citing song lyrics can often be essential to an argument or explication, or can provide a means for orienting a reader to a musical description. Thus, citing lyrics can be essential to learning—the very basis for copyright—and so must be permitted under fair use. Reasonable care should be taken to ensure that no more of a lyric is quoted than the critical or scholarly context requires; however, this admonition permits a very wide variance in the actual length of quoted material (extending even to quoting an entire lyric), as long as the quoted material is necessary to the argument being made. The requirement of some publishers that authors obtain permission for every quotation of song lyrics should be discontinued, as that practice runs counter to the principles of fair use.
Music Recordings: Relatively brief excerpts (that is, only as much as is necessary) of commercial recordings or other recordings of copyrighted material, whether explicated or used in illustration of an argument or comparison, may be used without permission of the copyright holder.
Transcriptions of Recordings or Live Performances: Depending on circumstances and notational method, musical transcriptions might be considered artifacts of scholarship or copies (similar to translations). An argument may be made that there should be no restrictions on the publication of transcriptions that fall in the first category, since the transcription actually is the scholarship; this Best Practices in the Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials in Music Scholarship would have to be considered carefully on a case by case basis. If the transcription is being used as a substitute for the recording, as an aid to explication, an illustration, or a basis for comparison, the same rules should apply as to music recordings; in such cases, relatively brief excerpts (that is, only as much as is necessary) of copyrighted recordings without the permission of the copyright owner are allowed.
To comply with the Fair Use Guidelines for Educational Multimedia when using Blackboard, you should:
Make sure the portions of copyrighted material you are using in your course meet the standards of the Guidelines.
Put the copyrighted material in a section of your Blackboard course site that is secured (using Course Settings: Area Availability in the Control Panel). This should meet the distribution requirement, because only students enrolled in your course will have access to that area.
Use streaming audio and video, rather than uploading the files for students to download. Contact Steve Salina ([email protected]) at the Academic Technology Center for assistance.
In most cases, this should comply with the Congressional guidelines on fair use.
Please note that the above information is for reference purposes only and should not be construed as legal advice. It is advisable to always conduct a Fair Use Analysis whenever there is a question regarding the lawful use of copyrighted material. If, after careful evaluation, it is determined that the use of particular material would violate copyright law, or if you need to purchase copyright permissions for such use, please contact Matthew Van Sleet at 781.891.2311 or [email protected].<|endoftext|>A lot has changed in the last 250 years. Back then, there had been no American or French revolutions, ‘Australia’ was yet to be discovered by Europeans, and Uranus, Neptune or Pluto by anyone at all. There were no telephones, no electricity, railroads or cars, let alone any possibility of space travel. No aspirin or penicillin, or X-rays, Periodic Table or Special Theory of Relativity. In fact, Napoleon, Lincoln, Darwin and Einstein had yet to be born.
But one entity did exist in 1768, and continues to this day, two and a half centuries later: Encyclopædia Britannica, the oldest continuously published and revised work in the English language. While the final print edition of the encyclopaedia appeared in 2012, the publication lives on in digital form at britannica.com.
Because of the longevity and regularity of its published editions, the encyclopaedia serves as a wonderful mirror of the evolution of knowledge. These changes are well illuminated in Britannica’s new anniversary publication – a 735-page commemorative volume entitled the Encyclopædia Britannica Anniversary Edition: 250 Years of Excellence (1768-2018).
Here are a few excerpts from the book covering seven scientific myths from the past 250 years, highlighting some of the strange notions and bizarre cures we once believed.
BALDNESS – Fox Urine and Onions
A fresh-cut onion, a dash of wine—no, not ingredients for dinner but for the potions that cure baldness. As Britannica suggested in its entry on ‘Alopecia’ in its 4th Edition (1801–09), these ingredients, if properly prepared and applied, can indeed regrow hair, even hair lost due to contact with that chief foe of follicles: fox urine.
DEAFNESS, a CURE – Ant Eggs and Onions
Few afflictions have occasioned more “miracle cures” than deafness. From swallowing pepper and drinking urine to bloodletting, tomato eating, and falling from high places, Britannica added the following in its 1st Edition (1768–71): ant eggs, onions, white wine, and (a classic folk remedy) smoke blown into the ear.
BLOODLETTING – A (Painfully) Detailed Guide
After George Washington contracted a cold, strep throat, and perhaps epiglottitis after an extended wintry ride through his estate on December 12, 1799, causing a swelling of the larynx that nearly suffocated him, his aides and doctors proceeded with the prescribed treatments of the day: they gave him gargles of molasses, vinegar, and butter; put his feet in warm water; emptied his bowels with a powerful enema; applied a compress of dried beetles on his throat; and, most significantly, bled him, repeatedly, four or five times, perhaps draining the former president of half his body’s volume of blood.
Washington went into shock and hypotension, which likely sparked the calm he experienced shortly before he died two nights after his ride. While the extensive bleedings of her 67-year-old husband terrified Martha Washington, one doctor later thought they “missed the mark” and should have been conducted closer to the throat, such as under the tongue, thereby following the then-conventional belief that bloodletting was most successful if performed closest to the inflamed organ or body part in trauma.
As one of medicine’s oldest practices, bloodletting was, until only 150 years ago, the first-line treatment for nearly every ailment—from migraine to mental illness. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that Britannica’s coverage of phlebotomy was extensive in the 18th century. In fact, as seen in Britannica’s “Surgery” entry in its 1st Edition (1768–71), the encyclopaedia offered a kind of step-by-step manual for do-it-yourself bloodletting. These procedures, warned Britannica, were not for the faint of heart: perform them only on a bed or near a couch, for some patients are likely to ‘fall into a swoon’.
CROSSED EYES – A Contagious Disease
Some looks can kill, while others may simply leave people . . . cross-eyed. Apparently so, as strabismus was considered a contagious disorder in the 18th century, as seen in Britannica’s 1st Edition (1768–71):
A strabismus, commonly called squinting, is an unequal contraction of the muscles of the eye, either from a spasm, an epilepsy, or a palsy, whereby the axis of the pupil is drawn towards the nose, temples, forehead, or cheeks: so that the person cannot behold an object directly.
Infants readily contract this distemper, sometimes for want of care in the nurses, who place the cradles in a wrong position, with regard to the light. Children likewise, while growing up, sometimes fall into this disorder, either from ill customs contracted in playing, or by looking on others who are affected with it.
This disorder is very difficult to cure; therefore the utmost care should be taken to prevent it, and the cradle should be so placed, as not to occasion the child to look a-wry. [The ancient Greek physician Paulus] Ægineta contrived a mask, and so adapted it to the face, that nothing could be seen except through two holes straight forward; and for the same purpose what we call gogglers are used.
STROKES, a CURE – Cut the Jugular
Conduct bloodletting of the arm or cut the jugular; rub the patient’s hands, head, and feet; have ‘two strong men’ walk the patient from room to room; and ‘blow in the mouth and nostrils the smoke of tobacco from an inverted pipe’. Thus were the common methods of treating stroke patients in the 18th century, as described in Britannica’s coverage of ‘Apoplexy’ in its 1st Edition (1768–71).
TEETHING, a CURE – Leeches and Marshmallows
‘Adam and Eve had many advantages’, quipped Mark Twain, ‘but the principal one was that they escaped teething’. For youngsters not as fortunate as our ‘first parents’, Britannica recommended three things in its 1st Edition (1768–71): leeches under the ears to reduce the swelling; a penknife to cut the gums to make way for the teeth; and opiates or a concoction of marshmallows, poppy heads and cream to assuage the child’s pain (and perhaps horror—after the youngster got a glimpse of the leeches and knife).
TUBERCULOSIS, a CURE – Ride Horses, Take a Cruise, Bury the Patient
Tuberculosis (TB), long called ‘consumption’, is an ancient disease, found in mummies thousands of years old. Perceptions of the disease, and how to treat it, have varied greatly through the ages, and in the 19th century, believing TB mainly ‘consumed’ people with a fine and delicate constitution, there arose a rich romanticising of the disease. Consumptive artists were more creative, consumptive women more beautiful (their cheeks ruddied by fever), especially in the days right before they died—or so folks believed. Britannica’s first two editions reflect this strange history, as well as some of the bizarre ‘cures’ recommended for fighting the disease. As was often the case in 18th century, bloodletting was a popular remedy for nearly any ailment, including TB:
Spitting of blood is cured by copious bleeding every third day, to the fourth time, or till the inflammatory pellicle entirely disappears… The quantity of blood to be drawn is from four to seven or eight ounces, once in eight or 10 days… The most sovereign remedy to restore the lungs to their pristine vigour is to get on horseback every day; and he that will put himself upon this exercise for a cure, need not be tied down to any strict rules of diet, nor be debarred from any sort of meat or drink, since the whole stress of the matter depends wholly on the constant and continual exercise of riding. Long sea-voyages have also been greatly recommended.
Later, in the 2nd Edition (1778-83), it was recorded that a Dr Solano de Luque had chosen
a spot of ground on which no plants had been sown, and there he made a hole large and deep enough to admit the [consumptive] patient up to the chin. The interstices of the pit were then carefully filled up with the fresh mould, so that the earth might everywhere come in contact with the patient’s body. In this situation the patient was suffered to remain till he began to shiver or felt himself uneasy… The patient was then taken out, and, after being wrapped in a linen cloth, was placed upon a mattress, and two hours afterwards his whole body was rubbed with an ointment, composed of the leaves of the solanum nigrum and hog’s lard. He observes, that a new pit must be made every time the operation is repeated.
Theodore Pappas is Executive Editor and Chief Development Officer at Encyclopaedia Britannica and editor of the Encyclopædia Britannica Anniversary Edition: 250 Years of Excellence (1768-2018). For more information on Britannica’s special anniversary edition, visit britannica.co.uk/250th-anniversary-book-of-the-year.<|endoftext|>Earth’s early atmosphere impossible to recreate?
|June 12, 2012||Posted by News under News, Origin Of Life|
In “Harvard University and The Jeffrey Epstein Foundation Search for the Origin of Life” (Business Journals May 14, 2012), we learn:
“Prelife morphs into life when replication occurs,” Martin Novak asserted, Director of the Program for Evolutionary Dynamics and Professor of Mathematics and Biology at Harvard. “There are many attributes necessary for life,” he explains, “and it’s not clear whether metabolism came first or replication. But replication sets evolution into full motion, dramatically distinguishing life from prelife. It’s the mechanism that allows for efficiency and complexity to develop.”
“Replication is the catalyst for life,” Jeffrey Epstein adds, founder of The Jeffrey Epstein Foundation. “The fittest molecules dominate quickly, then on an exponential level and are selected again.”
To illustrate this, Novak uses a prelife model of activated ribonucleotides (the building blocks for DNA and RNA) and polymerizes them into linked chains.
Novak explains that this synthetic prelife approach is favorable for a host of reasons.Firstly, it’s impossible to recreate the atmosphere that existed when life began four billions years ago.Secondly, simple compounds, such as ribonucleotides, can more clearly reveal the steps towards life. Thirdly, polymerized nucleotides can form replicating templates. Lastly, the famous 1952 Miller-Urey experiment and derivatives of that, established that amino acids and other organic compounds could well have emerged from the atmosphere of early earth.
All this is just handwaving, except for the interesting admission in red.
If Nowak is creating his own version of life, it will demonstrate that design can create life.
But in the meantime, if Novak reveals that life is in part, a chemical anomaly that rapidly evolved from selection, one could derive that life, is not so much a force as it is a consequence, a by-product of ever increasing capacity for sustainability; and no matter how complex its tentacles or synapses, it should not be mislabeled as a desire for survival.
Is “is in part, a chemical anomaly that rapidly evolved from selection” a stab at a definition?
See also: Can we find “life” on other planets if we refuse to specify what it is?
Hat tip: Suzan Mazur<|endoftext|>Cornell Üniversitesi’nde sosyal psikolog ve pratik yapmak isteyen Vanessa Bohn, “Yardım etmek istemek çok kötü değildir” diyor. Araştırma için, o ve satın almak, 15.000 gibi bir şey için düşünüldüğünde dört bir şehirlere yardıma gönderilenler. Bohns, yardıma muhtaç durumda bulunmanın “sosyal olacaksın” diyor. Yine de sor. Yardımlar, çoğu insanın olabileceğinden etkilenmez. Bohns, “Biz sosyal bir türüz” diyor. “Kabul edilemezsa, kabul edilebilirizebiliriz.”
talebinizi basit ve doğrudan tutun. “Bir milyonmazeret teklif etmedim” diyor. Kullanmak için kullanılabilir. Bunu yapma. Neye müsait olduğunu doğru sorun ve biri derse, devam edin ve başka söz konusu sorun. İster birya ister bir olacak hale gelmek. Bohns, “Yüz yüze olun” diyor. “Daha duygusal.”
Yabancının boyutu yerleştirmenin. Bir çalışmada, Bohns ve bir meslektaşı, lisans eğitime tanımadıkları için, “Bir arama yapmak için kullanabilir miyim?” Başlamadan önce lisans, üç kişi aynı fikirde olması için istemeleri, tahmin etmek zorundaydılar; Yüzde 60’tan fazla abarttılar. Uzaylıların oyunu.n telefonlarını ortaya çıkarmak Yardım amaçlı kişi, insanlara yardımın zaman ve yardımına harcanmayacağına inanılır, ancak gariptir ve çoğu insan demek için etik olarak sorguse bile, sadece evet demeyi tercih eder. Başka bir çalışmada Bohns, insanlardan insanlardan bir kitap kitabına “turşu” kelimesini yazmalarını istedi. Bu amaçla isteksiz ve rahatsızdı, yine tüketilmek üzere 65’i yine de okudu.
Başkalarınındaki isteklerle onlara yaklaştığı bir yerde aynı istememeye çalışmak. Bohns’un yabancıların çoğu zaman yardıma muhtaç olan tek yer, Toronto’da sık sık uğrak yeri olan işlek bir caddeydi. İnsanlar bu tür senaryolarda şekillendirirler. “Neyin demek niyetinde demek daha kolay” diyor.<|endoftext|>پس از
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. L. West about the nature of ancient Mid-East and Mediterranean world polytheism and how it appears to have evolved into monotheism in late antiquity.
This post continues the remainder of that discussion by West. It outlines how and why the philosophers moved the intellectual world to a position where monotheism came to be embraced as the most economical answer to “the big questions” of the day.
On the quest of the sixth and fifth century Greek philosophers West begins:
To invoke God as an explanation of phenomena is to confess that you do not know how to explain them rationally — unless, that is, you are prepared to supply a rational explanation of God. The Presocratics, however, did try to explain God. What they sought to eliminate from the world was not divinity as such but caprice and the arbitrary events which had formerly been ascribed to divine initiative. (p.30)
Guiding principles: Depersonalize and Economize
Rather than discard gods as an explanation, what these philosophers did was to depersonalize the gods of the myths. By depersonalizing them and morphing them into abstract principles they hoped to discover ageless and unchanging forces and powers and principles in place of the moody temperamentalism of human-like gods. They may retain the names of some of these gods for those abstract agencies, but at least such impersonal phenomena would be worthy of the label “god” in their view.
“Among the principles that informed these men’s theorizing were economy and coherence.” They valued the idea of a single cause over many causes. The fewer gods at the apex who could be deduced to be guiding all below the better, although some thinkers retained a small hierarchy of a few agencies at the top.
Thales (ca 624-547 b.c.e) — getting the abstractions right
West sees Thales as the one who began to emancipate such terms as “soul” and “god” from their conventional mythical applications.
To Thales, “everything was full of gods” or “there are gods everywhere”. He is said to have thought the magnet had “a soul” because of its power to move iron.
There is no evidence he sought to economize on the number of these abstract “gods” and “souls”. One step at a time.
Anaximander (ca 610-546 b.c.e) — the guiding uncaused Infinite
For Anaximander everything that exists was generated by a mysterious Infinite.
- encompasses and guides everything — “steers” the universe
- is eternal and unageing
- is in perpetual motion
This perpetual motion of the Infinite
- has no external cause
- causes the formation of worlds within the Infinite
- is the driving force of the universe
Aristotle understood Anaximander believed that this Infinite was a divine agency or element, “god”.
Concerning the numberless worlds that form and pass away within the Infinite, Anaximander believed these worlds:
- were gods
- were each a globular system, an earth at the centre and enclosed by a heaven
- were not eternal but very long-lived
- caused an imbalance, or “injustice”, within the Infinite
(West notes that one might thus conclude that the Infinite was the supreme god and the worlds were the sons of that god manifesting the chief god’s powers at the material level.)
The imbalance (or “injustice”/”unrighteousness”) caused by the worlds was corrected when
- they were punished or corrected by the law of Time, (presumably another deity)
- they accordingly perished and returned to The Infinite
Anaximander described his abstract principles in images of a personalized theological drama. World gods, or rebellious angels, had to be punished to restore the will of the supreme deity.
Anaximenes (ca 585-525 b.c.e.) — a Living first cause
Anaximenes replaced Anaximander’s abstract Infinite with infinite but material Aer. Like the Infinite it replaced, Aer:
- was immortal
- was in perpetual motion
- produced worlds by its perpetual motion
- produced gods
But this Aer was also a living substance, like the “soul” within us.
So far those principles that can be called ultimate gods, the Infinite and Aer, are:
- endlessly in vital motion
- make things happen
- are mindless — with no suggestion of intelligent designs and planning, or care about what is happening
Xenophanes (570-480 b.c.e) — a Mind, and Unmoved Mover
Xenophanes ridiculed Homer’s and Hesiod’s gods for their anthropomorphism. Mocking the human practice of making gods in their own image, he said that if horses and cows could produce painting and sculpture, they would represent gods looking like horses and cows.
(West disagrees with Xenophon, saying such a proposition is by no means self-evident. People do, after all, represent gods also as animals; and who is to say a pet indoor cat would not think that god would be in the image of the human who provides for its well-being and all its physical conditions of existence. p.32)
Xenophanes famous slogan, One God, needs to be kept in its context:
One god, the greatest among gods and men
Thus Xenophanes “one god” was the same concept as discussed in the previous post, How Polytheism morphed . . . first steps: one god supreme in power and guiding will amidst the larger pantheon. Xenophanes spoke of these other lesser gods not revealing all the secrets there were to mortals. So he was not a monotheist, although he postulated a “one supreme god” who was an ultimate source of all.
This One God of Xenophanes:
- was not like mortals either physically or mentally
- sees and hears with his (sic) whole being
- he shakes everything solely by the power of his mind and without effort
- he remains in the same place, motionless
So for Xenophanes, it was not fitting for a supreme deity or ultimate cause to be moving about. Here we have the first appearance of the idea of the Unmoved Mover.
He has no moving parts yet controls all matter.
Heraclitus (ca 535-475 b.c.e.) — All knowing, guiding, fire-wielding Wisdom
Heraclitus introduced the idea of a divine sexless intellect. His ultimate divinity is not a male θεος but a neuter σοφον. This “one sophon”
- a unitary (it is “one sophon”, εν σοφον) entity, a disembodied intelligence
- independently existing Wisdom or Skill
- knows everything
- manages and directs — “steers” — the world by directing a fiery pulse through the universe — Zeus sending his thunderbolt, the traditional instrument of Zeus’ will (c.f. the related view of Heraclitus that the world is an ever-living fire.)
But Heraclitus was no monotheist. He also spoke of
Dike, the embodiment of the cosmic balance, and identified Dike with Eris, Conflict. Conflict was essential, Heraclitus suggested, for the maintenance of the cosmos.
Agents of Dike, Erinyes, monitoring the movements of the sun.
Polemos, king and father of all, the power that made some into gods and others into men, some slaves and others free.
Dionysus and Hades, saying they were one and the same.
gods and men honoring those slain in battle
people who prayed to statues being ignorant of what the gods really were
To be continued in future post . . . . . .
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If you enjoyed this post, please consider donating to Vridar. Thanks!<|endoftext|>مجری برنامه گفت: “من ژوانیو هستم و وانگ ییانگ در ترکیب مرد و ماشین نایب قهرمان سال شد.” حضار لحظه ای سکوت کردند و در مدت کوتاهی تشویق شدیدی به گوش رسید و به طور غیرمنتظره ای وانگ یی یانگ که هیچ ربطی به این رویداد نداشت نایب قهرمان شد و از لبخند غرور آفرین وانگ ییانگ نمی توانست صبر کند. : “من قدرتم را پنهان می کنم!” پای.
یک روز بقیه ماشین ها با ماشین اسباب بازی پژو پارس جلسه داشتند و در حال دعوا بودند که چه کسی مهارت بیشتری دارد. ماشین پلیس گفت: «احساس می کنم مثل بن خودم هستم
چنگ رویجی قهرمانی را به دست آورد، لطفا به پخش مجدد گوش دهید: چنگ رویجی پنج سطح را پشت سر گذاشت و شش ژنرال را قطع کرد، از موانع در راه غلبه کرد.
لطفا این لحظه دراماتیک را تماشا کنید، ماشین چنگ رویجی نزدیک بود به ابرها بیفتد و وانگ یی یانگ و او ماشین با هم مردند، هر دوی آنها قیچی کاغذ سنگی، در نهایت… می توانید تصور کنید.
نمیدانم آن هیولا بود، بنابراین به معلم گفتم و معلم یکباره بیش از 12 نفر از آنها را مصادره کرد، اگرچه همه آنها توقیف شده بودند، اما روحیه آشفتگی ماشین اسباببازی بسیار ضعیف شد.
یقه بزرگترین است زیرا می توانم افراد بد را بگیرم. ماشین آتش نشانی گفت: نه، نه، توانایی من از همه بالاتر است، می توانم آتش را خاموش کنم. جرثقیل گفت: من تواناترین فرد هستم.
آمبولانس گفت: در مواقعی که مردم در معرض بیشترین خطر هستند می توانم آنها را برای مداوا اورژانسی به بیمارستان بفرستم.
ناگهان یک هواپیما پرواز کرد و گفت: «چرا مقایسه نمیکنید و من داور میشوم و میبینم بهترین کیست.» در این لحظه صدایی در نزدیکیها بلند شد و یک بدجنس مجروح شد.
یک نفر بالا پلیس بلافاصله مرد شرور را دستگیر کرد و آمبولانس مصدوم را به بیمارستان منتقل کرد. هواپیما گفت: معلوم می شود که همه بسیار مهم هستند و ما نمی توانیم بدون کسی کار کنیم.
دیدگاه شما با موفقیت ثبت شد.<|endoftext|>会议结束了，说了很多，又好像什么也没说
今天早上在推特看到一个视频，中共九大会议即将闭幕，林彪做了大会报告，毛泽东主席问了一句，「林彪同志那个报告，赞成的请举手」。接着周边都举起了手，毛也把手高高举起，最后的结果自然是一致通过。
「我们最幸福」！
「我告诉你，我刚才也讲了，新中国成立70年来中国人民的幸福感、获得感、安全感、满足感前所未有，全中国14亿人民都为我们取得的成就、巨大的进步感到无比骄傲和自豪。环顾世界，有严重非法移民问题的不是中国。
邹忌讽齐王纳谏现代版
曾经邹忌讽齐王纳谏是这样的：「群臣吏民能面刺寡人之过者，受上赏；上书谏寡人者，受中赏；能谤讥于市朝，闻寡人之耳者，受下赏。令初下，群臣进谏，门庭若市；数月之后，时时而间进；期年之后，虽欲言，无可进者。」 现代是邹忌再要讽「王」纳谏恐怕就变成了这样：「群臣吏民敢面刺寡人之过者，受无...
我和我的祖国遐想
今天王菲献唱的《我和我的祖国》上线了。这次王菲没有像以往一样选用自己的自拍作为专辑封面，而是选了一张「花开富贵」的「我和我的祖国」。唱得如何呢？有个网友评价一针见血：图片来自网易云音乐评论这首歌同名电影「我和我的祖国」的主题曲。<|endoftext|>South Korea has lowered its interest rates by 0.25 percentage points, from 1.5% to an annual rate of 1.25%.
The key rates a tool used by Central Banks to implement monetary policy.
A reduction in interest rates counters a weakening of prices, or a possible deflationary situation. It also revitalizes the economy and helps to increase exports.
This change is the first to have taken place since on June11th 2015, when the Central Bank lowered interest rates by 0.25 percentage points to 1.5%.
Here we show you the progression of interest rates in South Korea. You can see interest rates in other countries in interest rates and see all the economic information about South Korea in South Korea economy.<|endoftext|>for National Geographic News
The National Geographic Society's Center for Sustainable Destinations has released a scorecard ranking the world's top natural and cultural treasures.
(Related photos: See the top and bottom five.)
Jonathan Tourtellot, geotourism editor of National Geographic Traveler magazine, spearheaded the survey, which solicited findings from more than 400 experts in sustainable tourism on nearly a hundred UN World Heritage sites.
The United Nations began naming World Heritage sites in 1973 to help preserve grand palaces like France's Versailles, remnants of ancient civilizations such as Peru's Machu Picchu, and natural wonders like Australia's Great Barrier Reef, Tourtellot explains.
But over the years some of the sites have struggled to maintain the unique character that landed them on the list, due to funding shortfalls, heavy tourist traffic, or political strife.
To assess how those locations are faring in the 21st century, Tourtellot asked experts to assess 94 of the 830 officially designated sites.
The highest scorers have one thing in common, Tourtellot says: a local community committed to preserving its priceless landmark.
"Some places have very heavy tourist traffic and still score welllike the Alhambra [in Spain]," Tourtellot noted.
"Among those that scored well, you find the people argue a lot about character-of-place issues, and those arguments can be very constructive."
(Both Traveler and National Geographic News are divisions of the National Geographic Society.)
SOURCES AND RELATED WEB SITES<|endoftext|>
L'ESPANSIONE ISLAMICA|
Il 16 luglio dell'anno 622 d.C. il profeta Muhammad (Maometto) fu costretto a fuggire dalla città della Mecca verso Medina, dall'ostilità delle autorità politiche e religiose che si vedevano minacciate dalla sua predicazione, consistente essenzialmente nel rifiuto dei culti politeistici e nell'esortazione alla venerazione di un unico Dio. Nel giro di pochi anni Maometto rientrò in trionfo alla Mecca (630), due anni prima della sua morte. Il Calendario islamico (lunisolare) venne canonizzato nel 638 dal secondo califfo Omar. L'anno 1 del Calendario islamico venne posto al 622 d.C.
Dodici anni dopo la morte di Maometto, conclusa l'adesione all'Islam (Islam = "sottomissione incondizionata") in tutta la penisola arabica, incominciò l'espansione all'infuori di essa. Nel 709 l'intero Nordafrica era conquistato. Dal 712 l'espansione si estese alla Spagna e si arrestò soltanto nel 732 con la sconfitta di Poitiers inflitta agli Islamici dai Franchi di Carlo Martello. Verso est l'espansione si produsse con la conquista della Persia e della Transoxiana.
La leadership dell'Islam è strettamente associata all'affermazione di due dinastie, quella degli Omayyadi e quella degli Abbassidi. Fondatore della prima dinastia fu il califfo Muawiya I, il cui padre, un tempo avversario di Maometto, era già riuscito a imporsi ai suoi tempi. Stabilita la sede del califfato a Damasco, questa dinastia raggiunse l'apice della sua potenza con il califfo al-Walid (705 - 717) che, pur non riuscendo a invadere l'Impero bizantino, estese il dominio dell'Islam dai confini della Cina alla Spagna meridionale.
La religione e la cultura islamica si svilupparono nei due filoni dottrinali principali sunnita e sciita.
Occorre dire che la religione islamica non venne imposta con la forza ai popoli conquistati (per lo meno nella fase successiva), non solo perchè era ritenuta esclusiva degli Arabi, ma perchè il loro sistema fiscale era basato su tasse che gravavano esclusivamente su sudditi non musulmani.
Una rivolta guidata dalla famiglia degli Abassidi mise fine nel 750 al califfato omayyade. L'unico componente della dinastia omayyade che riuscì a scampare al massacro fu Abd ar-Rahman I che si rifugiò in Spagna dove occupò Cordova e Siviglia, dando vita all'Emirato autonomo di Andalusia.
Eponimo della dinastia Abasside fu al-Abbas, zio di Maometto. Scacciati gli Omayyadi, gli Abbassidi trasferirono la capitale da Damasco a Baghdad, fondata nel 762 dal califfo al-Mansur (754 - 775).
I califfi abassidi riuscirono a mantenere sia il potere politico che l'autorità religiosa per oltre un secolo. Il massimo splendore della dinastia fu raggiunto con Harum ar-Rashid. Alla sua morte, i due figli si contesero il trono e prevalse al-Mamun. Da allora le lotte intestine minarono il prestigio della famiglia che attraversò una continua fase di debolezza che culminò alla metà del XIII secolo quando i Mongoli si impossessarono di Bagdad uccidendo l'ultimo califfo abasside.
Oggi nel filone dottrinale Sunnita è compresa la maggioranza (circa l'83%) dei seguaci dell'Islam. Il nome deriva dal concetto di Sunna, la tradizione più antica di norme etiche e morali, stabilite sulla base dei detti e degli scritti di
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a geleneksel olarak güçlü olan Crunchyroll, aynı zamanda Asya'da geleneksel olarak güçlü olan Sumitomo ile dağıtım ağını genişletebilir.
Bu sadece Crunchyroll böyle bir mekan peşinde olduğunu söylemek mümkün değildir. Funimation ve Netflix yapıyor aynısını. Herhangi bir tahmin bu yeni girişimler olacak nasıl. Bu şirketler ne kadar iyi bu şirketler anime mevcut uluslararası pazarda anlamak nasıl ve hayranları istediği anime uluslararası hayranları, ulaşmak mümkün olacak? Sadece zaman gösterecek...
İlk kullanmadan önce Eren babası Titan serum yıl ile onu enjekte eder. Onu nasıl aktif hatırlar yani nasıl oluyor?
Cesaretin olduğu biliniyor olarak "Kılıç kaplı siyah"olan oldu sonunda dedik "Kara Kılıç".
Berserk Zırhı gelmeden önce cesaret.
Berserk Zırhı ile cesaret.
Zırhı her zaman siyahtı, ama en ilgili madde kavga değildi her zaman siyah bütün vücudunu örten siyah pelerini vardı.
Gerçekten bu soruya kesin bir cevap değil. Çünkü bu, o olduğunu ima erken serisinin bu Goku vardı güya emilen bu Tanrı forma onun temel formu ve bazı olabileceğini iddia olsun bu doğru ya da değil. Goku ve Vegeta daha güçlü bir şekilde büyüdü bildiğimiz tek şey.
Ancak, Tanrı Ki Whis tanımına dayanan, temelde vücudun dışında ki sızıntı olmadan güç için güçlü olmak değildir. Goku ve Vegeta olduğunu ikimiz de eğitimli olmak için bu beceri master ve Süper Saiyan Mavi dönüşüm, aslında onları karıştırma Süper Saiyan dönüşümünde Tanrı Ki. Bu güç yönetimi sırasında kolayca Son şeklini Freiza mücadele etmek mümkün Goku ve onu korkutur bu yüzden, Goku ve Vegeta son derece güçlü temel şekliyle büyüdü. Biz de, daha sonra, (Kopyala Vegeta) görmek Vegeta kolayca herhangi bir mücadele olmadan SSJ3 Gotenks yenmek için güçlü olmak. Yani bir şekilde, muhtemelen kullanan onlar Tanrı ki ama ikisi Buu Saga beri son derece güçlü bir duruma gelmişti.
İçinde kakashi mücadele ile deidara (bölüm 29) o kaynaklar kullanarak, daha önce bu kadar galiba kasanın kabul etti en az uygulanan mongekyou yapmış önce bu kavga
Yasal Uyarı: Bu Q&A ile ilgili devam eden bir dizi olarak zaman kaydı ve gelecek bölüm olabilir ortaya daha fazla konu veya değişim algıları gösterilen burada.
On yıl civarında MaloMyotismon ve digi-dünyanın restorasyonu planlanan tarihin yenilgisi geçti. Gösteri henüz mukadder ikinci nesil digi ne olduğunu açıklamadı. Ya da başka bir açıklaması 1st gen ile teması kaybeden onlar olur, taşındı.
Gerçek dünyada bir on yıl onlar çocuk, bu aile işini değiştirmek veya transfer olsun birlikte aileleriyle harekete bağlı zaman en yakın arkadaşlarını bile ayrılsak, daha çok yapmak için yeterli bir süre.
Ama bu konuda şapkamı tutuyorum. Koushiro "Izzy" Izumi digi-mukadder irtibatta kalmak için izin verecek çok düşüktür. -Dünya'ya geri dönen enfekte digimon kaderinde olan diğer digi uyarmak için kullandıkları-Dünyanın kaderi "türlü" Digi bir sosyal ağ bile var.
Yani, belli disappeareance onların bir kurgu, gelecek bölüm ortaya çıkma olasılığı daha yüksektir. Değil gibi mi umurunda değil ya da dokunma, sadece değildi gösterilen ekran henüz.
Charmander seçen antrenör biliyorum. O biraz Kül olarak aynı gibi görünüyordu, ama Kırmızı bence. Sadece çocuklar söyleyerek, Kül gibi Kırmızı görünüyor, ama bir Bulbasaur bilmiyorum. Kırmızı dizi birini gördüm, marş onun bir Charmander, belki de Kırmızı oldu.
Bulbasaur var kim de buldum. Adı kapıyı açın var.
Güç turnuvası kaybetmek evreni yok edecek Zen-Ohs neden ? Acımasız ve anlamsız gibi görünüyor, ve Zen olun-Ohs sadece kötülük için kötülük bak.
İçinde (gecekondu) düşmüş bölgesinde manga Oibore öldüğünde yanında olan kızı kocası onun insanlara anlatarak Kenshin yardım etti neden sorulduğunda kim olduğunu açığa biter. Ama nereden biliyordu? Kenshin çok gizli bir suikastçı olduğunu ve kimliğini halka en gizli tutuldu. Nasıl (dağlarda herkesten uzak oldu) kenshin iken veya Tomoe (bilebilecek tek kişi, kenshin öldürdü ve belki de daha yüksek emperyalistler) öldü evlendiler tanıyor muydu acaba?
Karısı onu ya Enishi ile herhangi bir temas yoktu, o öldükten sonra ailesi terk ettiği belirtildi. Enishi ben Kenshin ile mücadele sonrasına kadar, gerçekten kim olduğunu bilmiyor örtük sonra bile onu karşılamıyor bile.
Bu şey nedir?
Boncuk gibiler bir "9" veya virgül denen bir magatama. Magatama (yaklaşık ca tarih öncesi Japonya'da ortaya çıktı. 6. yy) ve 1000 M. Ö. ilkel taş ve toprak malzemelerin erken dönemde yapıldı, ama Kofun dönemi sonuna kadar sadece Yeşim neredeyse yapıldı.
Magatama olduğu gibi görünmesinin sebebi bilinmemektedir. Hayvan dişleri ya da fetus şekli sonra moda olabilir. Ayrıca, onlar bakmak gibi bir kısmının taijitu olan da gösterilen ilk bölüm Arjuna:
Anime ve manga, Susanoo, deniz ve fırtınalar tanrısı, adını veya modellenmiş karakterler hemen hemen her zaman bir magatama sahip. Örneğin, Susanoo içinde Akame ga Kill! sahip Yasakani no Magatama, bir üç İmparatorluk Kıyafetinin Japonya olduğunu gösterir yardımseverlik, onun göğüs:
Magatama ve Susanoo arasındaki bağlantıyı Japon mitolojisinde bulunabilir: Susanoo Tamanoya hiç de yeni Tanrı yapmak hiç de yeni mücevher Futodama-hayır---ya da Ame beş yüz magatama aldı ve kız kardeşi, cennete gittiğinde güneş tanrıçası Amaterasu, onları sundu.
Neden alnından gömülü değil mi?
Olarak Akame ga Kill! örnek gösterdi, magatama alnından gömülü olması gerekmez. Aslında, bir aşırı örnek olarak Mavi Tohum, sekiz magatama gömülü çeşitli vücut parçaları Baz Kusanagi: dört göğsüne, iki diz ve iki arkasında ellerini. Bildiğim kadarıyla, hiç magatama-Oh alnına Juna ve Pürüzsüz değil, onların farklı bir vücut parçası ve gömülü neden açıklanmıştır. Alnında üçüncü göz, hangi, magatama gibi, mistik güç kaynağı için en yaygın yer olduğu için tamamen sanatsal bir karardır ve şüpheleniyorum.
CharonStyx yapılan bir iyi nokta neden magatama gömülü olarak alın, yerine giyilen bir kolye olduğu için karakterleri göster' İlahiyat: bu onlar doğuştan asil sorumluluk ve ilahi güçler bu değil elimden aldı onları.
Ben hiç duymadım hakkında “KOKAİN: Ortaya Ötesi” film mısın söz (söyle nedir bu Amerikan lisans karar için Ara Ortaya çıkan film, ama hikaye Ortaya çıkar ve Ortaya çıkan: Alternatif Mimarlık örtüşüyor. Eğer zaten izledim artık Ortaya çıkan film, daha önce, o zaman sana atlayın bölüm 3-8 olan AA olan temelde 4 film ayrılıp iki bölüm bölüm. Ben yapmadığı bir geniş sahne-by-sahne ya da Kare Kare karşılaştırma için tüm bölüm, ama ben izledim hepsini sırayla onlar yayınlanan ve fark etmedi yeni sahneler olmak ekledi AA.
Ben başladı karşılaştırılması her iki versiyonun Hayalet Ağrı dün bir video düzenleyicisi (kdenlive, bir serbest editörler destekleri için Haritayı tek tek Kare zaman çizelgesi) ve yaklaşık 13 dakika oyun zamanı gelene kadar ben vazgeçtim nedeniyle eksikliği becerilerini karşılaştırmak hem verimli ve kullanışlı bir sonuç sağlar. Ne buldum şimdiye kadar bu sahneleri yeniden düzenlenmiş ve kısaltılmıştır AA: bazı sahneleri oldu terk ederken bazı fotoğraflar görünmüyor artık ekranda. İlk sahnede AA için örnek ile Binbaşı havaalanında Hayalet Ağrı oldu aslında daha bölüm/film, sahneler de dahil olmak üzere iletişim ile Aramaki (mezarlığını) ve Kurutsu (onu office) sahip oldu kısaltılmış.
Karşılaştırma zamanlarının filmleri ve AA bölüm kadar
58 vs
2*24 milyona, yani büyük olasılıkla izle kısaltılmış bir versiyonu olan film, burada yaklaşık 10 dakikalık bir içeriğe sahip olması kesme uzunluğu karşılamak için gerekli televizyon yayın baskı. Benim tahminim bir odak oluşturmak için yeni içerik olduğu bölüm Hayalet Yalnız Standları (1, 2), Pyrophoric Kült (9, 10) ve yeni film (aşağıya bakınız).
Eğer yok ben izledim herhangi bir bu, muhtemelen istiyorum izle bu sırada: Hayalet Yalnız Standları (AA), Hayalet Ağrı (Ortaya), Ghost Whispers (Ortaya), Hayalet Gözyaşları (Ortaya), Hayalet Yalnız Standları (Ortaya), Pyrophoric Kült (AA), Yeni Film.
Koukaku Kidoutai Shell Ghost in Arise:
22.06.2013 kadar 06.09.2014, her bölüm 60 dakika sürüyor:
- Hayalet Ağrı
- Hayalet Fısıldar
- Hayalet Gözyaşları
- Hayalet Yalnız Standları
Koukaku Kidoutai Alternatif Mimarisi Ortaya Çıkar:
05.04.2015 kadar 14.06.2015, her bölüm 25 dakika uzun:
- Hayalet Yalnız Standları, Bölüm 1
- Yalnız Hayaleti, Bölüm 2
- 1 Hayalet Ağrı, Bir Kısmı
- 2 Hayalet Ağrı, Bir Kısmı
- 1 Ghost Whispers Part
- 2 Hayalet Fısıldar, Bölüm
- 1 Hayalet Gözyaşları, Bölüm
- 2 Hayalet Gözyaşları, Bölüm
- 1 Pyrophoric Kült Parçası
- 2 Pyrophoric Kült Parçası
Koukaku Kidoutai: Shin Gekijouban
Bu ise yeni bir film ile yeni bir hikaye sette Ortaya çıkan evren
Kabuk serisi Hayalet belirtilen Echelon neredeydi? Çeşitli wiki belirtilen görüyorum, ama hiç söz gördüğümü hatırlamıyorum. Kendim için belirtilen bağlamda okumak istiyorum.
Anime görüşme kayıtları ... anime söyleniyor bu konuda bir sonuç görünmüyor.
Şarkı söylemeyi ve piyano çalmayı boğuk bir melodi kulaklık kavgalar başka bir kızla Titreşim Bölüm 4 kız çok soğuk. Bu bölüm hakkında 9minutes oluşur.
Herkes bana sanatçı adını ve şarkı söyleyebilir mi?
Göre bu sayfayı
Ailesi onun için sol boşluğu doldurmak için Syaoran sarma zamanı geçirmeniz yaptı, ne zaman doğdu [Watanuki] o.1 Böylece o oldu Syaoran ve Sakura oğlu, ama onlar yapılmış dilemesini farklı olmak için "Syaoran Li" aksi takdirde o ki ateşkes var.
Ve göre bu sayfa, bunu doğruladı bir falcı olarak xxxHolic.2
Bu sayfa bildiren
Watanuki 'Sakura ve Syaoran Li oğlu olarak Syaoran yerine' oluşturulur.
O da belirtiliyor
"Syaoran yapmıştı ilişkilerde boşluk yerine" doğmuş oldu.
Ayrıca, bu diğer sayfa diyor
Watanuki aslında uzay zaman bir bozulma dışında reenkarne klonlar oğlu olarak Syaoran Tsubasa değiştirmek için oluşturuldu
Ve, son olarak, bu diğer sayfa Devletleri
Syaoran ve Watanuki arasındaki bağlantıyı sonunda Van'ın geleceği ark ortaya çıkar. Syaoran Van'ın (gerçek Prenses) Sakura tanıştığında ne tarafa açıklıyor. Sakura elini tutup ölüyor onu kurtarmak için zamanı geri almak için bir dilek vardı sonra, Watanuki onun dünyasında yerini almak için doğdu. "Bir kardeş değil, o senin" o Fei Wong ona açıklar. Ve bir Kısmet olmak özgün olduğu için, onun varlığını etrafındakilere sadece acı olacağını ona anlatmaya devam ediyor.
Ya gösterir ya da mangalar görmüyorum beri bu sorunuza cevap inanıyorum, ama emin değilim.
1 Tsubasa:Reservoir Günlükleri, Bölüm 201
2 xxxHolic, Bölüm 170<|endoftext|>حبیب الله طاهرخانی در گفت وگو با خبرنگاران با بیان اینکه ۸۱ پروژه خدماتی به ارزش ۳ هزار و ۳۳۵ میلیون تومان در شهرهای جدید طی سال ۱۳۹۸ احداث شد، گفت: از ۸۱ پروژه ساخته شده تا کنون ۵۲ مورد افتتاح و ۲۹ مورد دیگر آماده بهره برداری است که مراسم افتتاح آنها به دلیل شیوع ویروس کرونا و شرایط ویژه کشور بر لزوم عدم تجمع غیرضروری به زمانی مناسب موکول خواهد شد.
معاون وزیر راه و شهرسازی افزود: ۲۹ پروژه باقی مانده شامل ۴ مدرسه، ۴ فضای ورزشی، ۱۱ پارک، ۴ مسجد، ۲ فضای فرهنگی و ۴ مورد تجهیزات شهری هستند که در ۱۲ شهر جدید ایوانکی، گلبهار، پرند، عالیشهر، بینالود، شیرین شهر، سهند، مجلسی، صدرا، بهارستان و امیرکبیر واقع شده اند.
مدیرعامل شرکت عمران شهرهای جدید گفت : ۱۰ هزار و ۷۹ واحد مسکن مهر در شهر جدید پردیس همزمان با دهه مبارک فجر افتتاح خواهد شد.
وی افزود: در حال حاضر به غیر از شهر جدید پردیس حدود ۹ هزار واحد مسکن مهر در سایر شهرها آماده بهره برداری و تحویل به متقاضیان است که برگزاری مراسم افتتاح آنها نیز با توجه به شرایط مذکور به زمانی دیگر محول خواهد شد.
طاهرخانی تأکید کرد: با وجود شرایط فعلی، امور خدمات رسانی در شهرهای جدید اعم از انتخاب واحد، چاپ و تحویل قرارداد، واگذاری عرصه، فرآیند نقل و انتقال، صدور کارت، تحویل قرارداد، درخواست مراجعۀ حضوری به کارگزاری، نوبتدهی اینترنتی برای ملاقات با مدیرعامل شرکتهای عمران در شهرهای جدید و گزارش پیشرفت فیزیکی پروژه به هیچ وجه متوقف نشده و از طریق سامانههای اینترنتی در حال انجام است.<|endoftext|>یک نماینده مقامات منطقه خاباروفسک گفت که امروز در Komsomolsk-on-Amur مراسمی برای راه اندازی کوروت Perfect پروژه 20380 که توسط کارخانه کشتی سازی آمور برای اقیانوس آرام ساخته شده است برگزار می شود. ناوگان.
هدف اصلی کشتی جدید انهدام کشتی های سطحی و زیردریایی ها و همچنین پشتیبانی توپخانه ای برای حمله آبی خاکی است.
این کشتی دارای تعدادی ویژگی است، به عنوان مثال، در قسمت انتهایی کوروت، برای اولین بار برای کشتی های داخلی با چنین جابجایی، آشیانه ای با سکوی فرود برای هلیکوپتر ضد زیردریایی Ka-27 وجود دارد. خطوط جدید قسمت زیر آب بدنه باعث شد تا مقاومت آب در هنگام حرکت کشتی با سرعت حدود 30 گره حدود 25٪ کاهش یابد. "اخبار".
این نماینده خاطرنشان کرد که کشتی یک بدنه عرشه صاف و همچنین یک روبنا ساخته شده از مواد کامپوزیت چند لایه دریافت کرد که الزامات فناوری پنهانکاری را در نظر می گیرد.
به عنوان بخشی از تسلیحات سیستم موشکی ضد کشتی "پرفکت" "اورانوس" که برد شلیک آن 130 کیلومتر است و همچنین سایر سامانه های موشکی ضد هوایی.
جابجایی کوروت 1.8 هزار تن، طول بیش از 100 متر، حداکثر سرعت 27 گره، محدوده ناوبری مستقل 4 هزار مایل است. خدمه شامل 99 نفر است.
پیش از این گزارش هایی وجود داشت مبنی بر اینکه پس از حذف متخصصان کارخانه از کارگاه، نصب تجهیزات را تکمیل می کنند و پس از آن کشتی آزمایشات دریایی را آغاز می کند و پس از آن بخشی از ناوگان اقیانوس آرام می شود. قرار است تا قبل از پایان سال این اتفاق بیفتد.
در Komsomolsk-on-Amur مراسم راه اندازی کوروت "Perfect" برگزار می شود.
- عکس های استفاده شده:
- ارتش.lv<|endoftext|>What are Bare-Root Plants
Bare-root plants are shipped without a container or soil surrounding their roots. This can include corms, bulbs, tubers, fleshy roots of perennials, and roots of woody trees and shrubs. We typically pack roots in a plastic bag surrounded with a material to maintain sufficient moisture to keep the crown from desiccating during transit.
About Heronswood Bare-Root Plants
Our bare-root plants are field or nursery grown, and are sourced using sustainable methods. No Heronswood plants, bare-root or otherwise are knowingly offered for sale if they are harvested from wild stock.
Corm, bulb or root size can vary greatly within a genus or species depending solely on the vigor of the cultivar or overall size of the mature plant.
If you are unable to immediately plant your bare-root plants, keep them in a cold, dark location. A refrigerator is ideal. Cooling will help to inhibit or slow the growth until you are ready to plant. DO NOT FREEZE. Temperatures below 32 degrees will cause your bare-root plants to perish. Roots should
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music notation and includes some ear training and music theory along the way. These are all of utmost importance to the development of a well rounded musician and will see you flourish quickly. This will provide you with the knowledge and technique to advance on your own for years to come.
Music can be challenging to learn due to the mental thought processes and physical aspects. We learn to coordinate music theory, music reading, listening, right and left hand techniques simultaniously to produce music... Learning to do all of this simultaneously is challenging but very rewarding and with some fun and humour thrown in along the way becomes a very enjoyable journey.
Playing the music you love is the ultimate reward for both the student and the teacher
All the best
www.guitarzcool.moonfruit.com Copyright (c) Jim Conquer 2011
You are viewing the text version of this site.
Need help? check the requirements page.<|endoftext|>娱乐圈之中，真真假假总是难以分辨，有的人看上去是真性情，实际上是人设，有的人看上去是人设，实际却是真性情。
这一点，不管是中国的娱乐圈，还是美国好莱坞，都一向如此。
但不管是真性情也好，人设也罢，事实总会有露出水面的那一刻，人设也总会有翻车的那一天。
即使是身为演技派的大表姐，詹妮弗劳伦斯，也一样会引来群嘲，尤其是这个演技还笼罩着一丝资本的阴影。
詹妮弗劳伦斯，是如何从人人口中称赞的大表姐，成为人人嘲讽的“大婊姐”的呢？
大表姐的光辉时刻
很多人关注到詹妮弗劳伦斯的原因，是因为她的演技。
1990年出生在肯塔基州路易斯维尔的詹妮弗，14岁就认准了，自己是超级巨星的料子。
为此，詹妮弗说服了当时的父母，让他们带自己去纽约，寻求演出的机会。
与黑寡妇斯嘉丽约翰逊、奥尔森姐妹等童星出道演员不同。
斯嘉丽和奥尔森姐妹，是在片场当中，会有受到过相关培训，才有了在荧幕上出色的表演。
而詹妮弗在此之前，没有过相关的演艺培训，24K纯素人。
但所幸，在面试的时候，给面试官留下了比较深刻的印象，让詹妮弗还是签约了一家经纪公司。
詹妮弗的演艺生涯也就此开启。
2007年，参演《比尔·英格沃秀》正式出道；
2008年，在《扑克房》之中首次担任女主；
2009年，凭借《燃烧的平原》获得65届威尼斯国际电影节最佳新人奖；
2010年，凭借《冬天的骨头》提名奥斯卡最佳女主角；
2012年，凭借《乌云背后的幸福线》斩获奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，史上第一位90后奥斯卡得主。
在这里，你可以发现，虽然斯嘉丽和奥尔森姐妹，出道的时间要比劳伦斯要早，时间也要长，但詹妮弗所取得的成就，和出成绩的时间，简直要甩几人几条街。
即使是对比到同龄的男性好莱坞演员，也是少有的。
奥斯卡国王和奥斯卡的黑幕
至于原因？
我想大家已经明白，很大一部分原因就是站在詹妮弗身后的哈维·韦恩斯坦！
提到好莱坞，很多人都知道一手捧红了漫威电影宇宙的制片人凯文费奇，也知道卡梅隆或者彼得大帝。
在2017年之前，若非经常关注好莱坞消息的同学，很多人都是不太清楚这个人。
然而，事实上，韦恩斯坦在好莱坞是被人称为“奥斯卡国王”的存在！
从上世纪70年代入行开始，韦恩斯坦参与制作并发行的电影，超过1000多部电影，并且累计获得超300项奥斯卡提名。
最终获得超70座奥斯卡小金人！
奥斯卡国王的绰号，可以说是实至名归了！
当然，韦恩斯坦对于奥斯卡的破坏还是多于建设。
因为在韦恩斯坦的“公关”之下，使得奥斯卡几乎是丧失了公平。
1998年的好莱坞，可以说是经典云集的一年。
《拯救大兵瑞恩》、《楚门的世界》、《美国X档案》、《中央车站》等等，即使放到如今，也绝对是经典的电影。
但是在71届奥斯卡中。
被称为战争片标杆的《拯救大兵瑞恩》，以及被称为是金凯瑞的倾心制作《楚门的世界》，却被一部“傻白甜电影”《莎翁情史》突然杀出，击败所有电影。
一举斩获了最佳影片、最佳女主角等等7项重量级奖项，称为当年奥斯卡最大赢家。
这也是为什么格温妮丝·帕特洛被称为史上最水的奥斯卡影后，简称奥斯卡水后的原因。
直到格温妮丝·帕特洛接了《钢铁侠》出演剧中的小辣椒之后，口碑才有所好转。
当然，这里又是另外一个故事了，这里就说韦恩斯坦的故事。
恰巧在颁奖前一天晚上，奥斯卡的所有评委，都恰巧出现在了同一个聚会上，我的聚会上而已！
在面对质疑的时候，韦恩斯坦这么回复。
但不管如何，这一届奥斯卡，被称为奥斯卡的至暗时刻！
而韦恩斯坦也自此一战成名，随后他的战绩包括不限于：
2011年，《国王的演讲》击败《社交网络》，获得第83届奥斯卡最佳影片；
2012年，《艺术家》击败《雨果》，获得最佳影片，并且当年最佳女主角获得者梅丽尔·斯特里普也得益于韦恩斯坦的运作；
可以说，只要韦恩斯坦为谁站台，那么他大概率就有可能获得奥斯卡小金人。
而韦恩斯坦捧出来的女星，就有安吉丽娜朱莉、蕾雅赛杜茱莉亚·罗伯茨、妮可·基德曼、蕾妮·齐薇格、玛丽昂·歌迪亚等等知名好莱坞演员。
国内被知名导演捧出来的女星，叫做X女郎，像巩俐、周冬雨被称为谋女郎，张雨绮、莫文蔚被称为星女郎等等。
而这些被韦恩斯坦一手捧出来的女星，则是被称之为“韦女郎”。
而詹妮弗凭借《乌云背后的幸福线》斩获奥斯卡最佳女主角奖，背后也是有着韦恩斯坦的身影，因为这部电影的出品公司，正是韦恩斯坦影业。
真性情傻大姐人设的红利
22周岁的奥斯卡影后，可以说让詹妮弗声名鹊起。
即使那一年在奥斯卡颁奖典礼中，摔了一跤，人们都觉得她真实可爱。
甚至在随后的采访当中，即使是她说出了：“那又怎么样？我摸到了休杰克曼！”
人们也不以为意。
并且，当初韦恩斯坦为了帮她打造真性情的人设，还拉踩同年的“奥斯卡最佳女配角”安妮海瑟薇。
原本，安妮海瑟薇在美国就被黑了，上了美国人最不受欢迎的明星榜单之中。
而在韦恩斯坦的操纵下，这种情况，就更加严重了。
这一切，意气风发的詹妮弗都不会在乎，毕竟我詹妮弗可是一个真性情的傻大姐，所作所为皆是无心之失。
况且，我詹妮弗只是摔倒了而已嘛，虽然被人质疑是假摔，但谁知道是真是假呢？
所以，同年获奖奥斯卡，安妮海瑟薇口碑是江河日下，而詹妮弗的事业则是蒸蒸日上。
在获得奥斯卡影后同年，由詹妮弗主演的《饥饿游戏》在北美大爆，狂澜全球6.91亿美元票房。
这也让詹妮弗人气飙升，为她前不久捧回的奥斯卡小金人添加了有力的证明！
随后在2015年上映《奋斗的乔伊》当中片酬达到1500万美元，以25岁的詹妮弗而言，在好莱坞新生代演员当中算是顶级身价了。
但紧接着在《太空旅客》当中，片酬更是飙升到了2000万美元，成为好莱坞当中2000万片酬俱乐部的议员。
《太空旅客》这部电影，可能有人听说过，毕竟宣传挺用力的。还请了邓紫棋作了中文歌曲《光年之外》就是中国区的主题曲。
也许有人觉得2000万片酬应该是很正常的，毕竟好莱坞都是大制作。
但事实上，好莱坞在安吉丽娜朱莉之后，就再也没有一个女星的片酬能够达到2000万美元的级别了。
即使是凭借黑寡妇一角，在全球知名的斯嘉丽约翰逊，尤其是在《复仇者联盟4》身亡，成为全球观众的意难平之后。
签约《黑寡妇》的电影，片酬也是仅有1500万美元片酬而已。（仅1500万美元，还而已？看来，我果然是飘了）
可以说，詹妮弗的前半生是意气风发的前半生。
功名利禄全在手，用一句鸡汤来形容就是：每一个女孩子都想活成詹妮弗的样子。
金主的倒台，票房四连扑过后，迎来群嘲
但是，后来随着韦恩斯坦由于性侵事件倒台，詹妮弗的名声也是陡转之下！
先是事业票房四连扑《X战警：天启》、《太空旅客》、《母亲》、《红麻雀》票房扑街，就连《母亲》打算角逐奥斯卡，不仅在票房上扑街，就连口碑也是两级分化。
以前，在有着作品滤镜的加持下，詹妮弗的一些粗鲁的行为，还可以理解为年轻和真性情。
但是，当詹妮弗不再年轻，毕竟已经30了，也没有了作品滤镜，观众发现，詹妮弗所谓的真性情，也许就是没教养呢。
最典型的例子，就是她曾经在《太空旅客》的宣传上，说的一件事情。
就是在拍摄《饥饿游戏》的时候，由于衣服湿了，她就找了一块石头坐着，而那块石头是当地人的圣物。
而她则是丝毫不在意，不仅坐在圣物上，还在上面蹭屁股，结果导致石头滚下山区，差点砸死当时的一个工作人员。
而詹妮弗丝毫不在，还笑嘻嘻地说了一句：“当地土著很震惊，以为遭了天谴。我就是他们的天谴。”
在讲述的时候，詹妮弗丝毫没有因为差点过失杀人的余悸，反而是当做是一个笑话来洋洋得意地分享。
可能在詹妮弗的眼中，能够博取我高贵影后一笑，也算是他最大的价值了吧。
毕竟我影后，日常接触的都是上流社会的上流人物，一个工作人员而已，能够让我记住，已经很了不起了。
而更加让人气愤，尤其是当初喜欢她的中国粉丝气愤的是，在诺顿秀上她坦白了对中国不喜欢的事情。
而在2014年戛纳电影节上，看到《地心引力》导演之后，为了表达心中欢喜，“我会为你发出被强..jian..了一样的尖叫！”
额，可能对于高贵的影后来说，只有被强..jian..的尖叫，才是最棒的喝彩吧。
不愧是你，韦女郎！
拉踩同行，也算是正常操作了。
嘲讽克里斯蒂安贝尔身材发福，说他不是蝙蝠侠，只是个胖子。
人家贝尔主演的《黑暗骑士》和《黑暗骑士崛起》现在还搞搞挂在IMDB榜单的前十名呢，是谁给了她勇气嘲讽贝尔的勇气？
然后，转身嘲讽自己曾经饰演的漫威英雄魔形女。
说魔形女这种双性设定，是在是难以接受。
淦！
我还挺喜欢她出演的魔形女的。
至此，爱岗敬业真性情的大表姐，已经变成了人人嘲讽的大婊姐了。
之前嘲讽驱赶记着、披着女权主义的田园女权等等身份，也全部都露了出来。
而此前所立的真性情傻大姐人设，也已经是完全崩塌，在观众眼中，她已经彻底地成了一个没教养的粗鲁女人了。
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All Rights Reserved 新浪公司 版权所有<|endoftext|>Cremlino: i sistemi Patriot saranno obiettivi legittimi per le forze russe se forniti all'Ucraina
Tiene ancora banco la questione della consegna dei sistemi antimissile Patriot, di produzione statunitense al regime di Kiev. Se saranno effettivamente consegnati all’Ucraina, i sistemi statunitensi diventeranno obiettivi legittimi per le forze armate russe, ha confermato il portavoce presidenziale russo Dmitry Peskov.
"Certamente, così come tutti gli altri tipi di armi utilizzate dalle Forze armate ucraine", ha risposto il portavoce alla domanda di un giornalista. "Dopo tutto, la smilitarizzazione è uno degli obiettivi dell'operazione militare speciale", ha detto Peskov.
L'alto funzionario ha affermato che i Paesi occidentali "stanno ampliando in modo permanente la gamma e aumentando il livello tecnico delle armi fornite all'Ucraina", il che, a suo dire, allontana la possibile risoluzione del conflitto.
"Allo stesso tempo, questo non può impedire alla Russia di raggiungere gli obiettivi dell'operazione militare speciale”, ha poi aggiunto il portavoce di Putin.
Peskov ha quindi osservato che gli aiuti militari all'Ucraina "purtroppo portano a prolungare le sofferenze del popolo ucraino".
Sulla fornitura dei sistemi Patriot al regime di Kiev è interventuo anche Vladimir Putin affermando che l'unico scopo degli Stati Uniti con i sistemi antimissile al regime di Kiev è quello di prolungare il conflitto, ma la Russia "spezzerà" questi sistemi..
Secondo Putin, coloro che si oppongono alla Russia sostengono che il Patriot è un'arma difensiva. "Lo terremo presente", ha dichiarato Putin il quale ha poi affermato che secondo lui il Patriot è un sistema piuttosto vecchio che non funziona con la stessa efficacia dell'S-300 russo.
Mercoledì scorso, Washington ha annunciato un nuovo pacchetto di assistenza militare a Kiev da 1,85 miliardi di dollari, che comprende le prime consegne di sistemi di difesa aerea Patriot.
I sistemi di difesa aerea mobile Patriot, prodotti dall'azienda Raytheon, sono entrati in servizio con l'esercito degli Stati Uniti negli anni Ottanta. Sono considerati uno dei complessi più avanzati dell'arsenale statunitense.
Una batteria di Patriot comprende da cinque a otto lanciatori. A loro volta, i contenitori di ciascun lanciatore contengono da quattro a 16 missili PAC-2 e PAC-3, a seconda delle modifiche apportate.
Secondo il Center for Strategic and International Studies (USA), la prima batteria di Patriot potrebbe arrivare in Ucraina a febbraio. Lo stesso think tank stima che una batteria costi più di 1,1 miliardi di dollari: 400 milioni per i lanciatori, il modulo di comando e il radar, e 690 milioni per i missili intercettori. Ogni missile PAC-3, l'unica versione che Washington sta attualmente acquistando, costa circa 4,1 milioni di dollari.
Fino all'annuncio della fornitura all'Ucraina, più di 240 unità Patriot sono state prodotte e consegnate a 18 nazioni, tra cui gli Stati Uniti. I sistemi Patriot sono stati utilizzati attivamente dal Pentagono durante la Guerra del Golfo (1991) e l'invasione statunitense dell'Iraq (2003).
Dal gennaio 2015, questi complessi hanno intercettato più di 150 missili
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). Almost everyone across the globe uses energy everyday. Energy is used to power transportation, it is used to produce the food that we eat, energy is used for...
HomeExamples and SamplesIs Oil and Gas Conservation Relevant?
Is Oil and Gas Conservation Relevant?
Oil and natural gas are non-renewable sources of energy. There have been numerous attempts to minimize the depletion of these two resources. Scientists have proposed many reasons for the high importance...
About the oil press of "core competence is not single refers to the technology, also includes a host of other aspects, such as brand, service and so on."Since 2008, efforts to rebuild the system cut off the low end of the machine tool manufacturing, into outsourcing, palm oil plantwill market service...
The purpose of wildlife conservation is to protect wild flora and fauna against the encroachment of expanding human activity. The planet’s human population grew by 1.6 billion people, between 1990 and 2010 (30% growth rate). The ever increasing amount of commercial activity that this brings with associated...
Edible oil refining technology has become mature, but the environmental pollution and energy consumption problem is still outstanding, the introduction of high-end devices, though can achieve energy conservation and emissions reduction, but not fundamentally improved.Aiming at these problems, mainly...
in the world we face today is energy conservation and finding alternate sources of energy or renewable energy sources to ease our dependence on foreign sources and non renewable energy sources. The world is consuming oil at an alarming rate and the price of oil keeps sky rocketing and it doesn’t seem...
Energy generation and environmental conservation are the twin issues arising from exploitative interaction of man with natural resources. Report of the International Energy Agency contains a simple but remarkable statement: “Investment in energy conservation at the margin provides a better return...
Energy Conservation In Your Life
Grade Nine Science - Electricity Unit
Toyota & Waterloo Region Education Alliance
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada Waterloo Catholic District School Board Waterloo Region District School Board © May 2005 NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENT MAY BE REPRODUCED...
not ignore the body of conservation. Safely summer, rest, is a priority to protect the body, light diet, calmly but can not be ignored. Corn Oil, Green natural,ragrance is not greasy, cool in the summer with your summer.
Unlike conventional oil, derived from corn germ corn oil has a different kind of...
operation of the OIL EXTRACTION MACHINE is inseparable from the conservation and protection. Most customers don’t put the oil extraction machine into use immediately for various reasons after buying the machine back, just put them aside without the mood to protect them regularly, which leads that oil extraction...
planet that we live on. But there is something that we can all do to assist in preserving our planet for the future and that is energy conservation. Energy conservation in vital to our lives and keeping our planet beautiful for our children and grandchildren. In the last 10 years energy prices have risen...
fittings for the protection of agricultural ecological environment and realize sustainable development of agriculture, the most efficient use and conservation of agricultural resources, improve agricultural productivity and agricultural commodity rate, maintaining agriculture's competitiveness in the international...
Discharged into rivers and streams from homes and public buildings
-pollutes the water
-may cause diseases like cholera & typhoid
Leaking oil pipelines and tanks
-cuts off oxygen supply from aquatic organisms
-kills plants and animals
-destroys farm lands
Heavy metals e.g. lead...
that natural resources can be available for the future generations. The consumption of non renewable sources impacts the environment causing energy conservation to be important. Renewable energy offers unlimited power that is generated by natural process of wind, water, sun, plant growth, and the heat from...
Energy Efficient Equipment
Axia College-University of Phoenix
Energy conservation is reduction in amount of energy consumed, whereas energy efficiency is using less energy for any constant service. Both are energy reduction techniques. Energy conservation results in increased environmental quality, personal financing security and national security. The Energy efficiency...
A Major Part of the Solution to Energy Generation and
U. C. Irvine Physics and Astronomy
Why Us (U.S.)?
With 5% of the world’s population, the U.S. uses 26% of the world’s energy.
A U.S. resident consumes 12,000 kWh of electricity...
SMALL SCALE OIL REFINERY PLANT
Type:Crude oil refinery plant
Processing Capacity: 1 ~ 5T / D
Processing Material:: palm oil,palm kernel oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, corn germ oil, animal oil etc.
Small scale oil refining plant Introduction:
Soybean oil refining by-products was used to extract the natural tocopherol as food antioxidants and the market of all kinds of food additives and other commonly used antioxidants are compared, and the oxidation resistance of natural tocopherol, antioxidant activity were studied.It is concluded that...
Running head: ENERGY CONSERVATION
With energy a scarce resource people across the world need to look at lifestyle changes to protect it around the globe. From driving less, to turning off a light in a room that is deserted, there are simple steps that...
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE |
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In this age of super technology wherein the pollution threat is increasing with the scientific development everyday; establishment of Eco-green hotels plays a wonderful role in pacifying...
South African Journal of Botany 76 (2010) 652 – 654 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb
Chemical composition of the wood and leaf oils from the “Clanwilliam Cedar” (Widdringtonia cedarbergensis J.A. Marsh): A critically endangered species
G.P.P. Kamatou a , A.M. Viljoen a,⁎, T. Özek...
OIL & GAS MANAGEMENT ESSAY
MODULE NAME: Oil & Gas Management
MODULE CODE: POD212
STUDENT ID : 31575
FULL NAME : Olivia Akinwunmi Streets
BP, originally called the Anglo-Persian Oil Company is a multinational firm...
The difference between conservation and preservation is that conservationist wants to protect the environment but still be able to utilize for themselves just as the same. They manage the resources so that it will develop but they will still be able to use the plentiful product that comes along with...
conservation of natural resources
conservation of natural resources, the wise use of the earth's resources by humanity. The term conservation came into use in the late 19th cent. and referred to the management, mainly for economic reasons, of such valuable natural resources as timber, fish, game,...
more trees. They help in absorbing excess carbon dioxide.
• Observe World Environment Day (5th June).
• Never dispose left over chemicals, oils, or other harmful substances down the drain, or dump them under the ground, or in water bodies or burn them in the garden. This causes pollution.
Conservation versus Preservation
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Conservation versus Preservation
This week I had the opportunity to learn the differences and importance of both the conservation and preservation efforts at play in today’s environment...
I.Energy conservation is a very practical idea that will improve the standard of living for everyone in the long run. My concern with the conservation of natural energy sources is that our future generations will suffer if we do not act now to not only conserve our resources, but explore...
poverty, improper solid waste management, rapid costal development, and the recent discovery of crude oil (Young, 2008). According to Young (2008), “there are a number of other issues that impact conservation as well as the ability to conserve natural resources; these include the continuing threat posed by...
MA Course in International Relations
The Theory of theInternational Relations and the World New Order
1973 Oil Crisis
The Arab Oil Embargo
22 December, 2012
Table of Contents
1. Introduction – historical...
Before this organization, the great oil companies of the West ruled the roost. Oil is the lifeblood of the industrialized nations as it is used to fuel planes, cars, tanks, skyscrapers, fertilizer, drugs and synthetics. Yet back before the days of OPEC, the great oil companies often retained 65% or more...
Full Potential Running head: OIL SAND IN CANADA: DISCOVERING FULL POTENTIAL
Oil Sand in Canada: Discovering Full Potential
Name: College: Date:
Oil Sand in Canada: Discovering Full Potential Introduction
I am interested in the role and potential of the oil sand resources in Alberta...
Energy conservation is an issue that I am glad to be learning more about and proud to be able to partake in. I believe that if we do not find an alternative way to...
New energy-saving peanut oil refined oil equipment penguin's most advanced production line:
Peanut oil refined oil production line equipment, that is, the whole production line, realized the automation, energy conservation, the whole production line design is reasonable and rich practical experience...
could be done with Insel Flotzgrun. I’m going to tell you about five ideas of what could be done with Insel Flotzgrun:
I think that having a Leisure Company on Insel Flotzgrun would be a good idea because...
March 24, 2013
Jocelyn Hunt CET, MPA
Energy conservation should be one of the most research and implemented things we have in our homes today. When we think about energy conservation we think about solar, wind, and...
productively advance itself, but this provides a problem: how can we create a source of energy that is easily produced and as efficient as the crude oils that are currently used. So far green energy alternatives such as solar, hydroelectric, and wind, have been the main focus in the energy industry. Currently...
Oil & Gas Conservation Fortnight
In order to generate awareness among the masses about the urgency of conserving petroleum products, the celebration of oil conservat ion week with the participation of PCRA and the entire oil industry under the guidance of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas...
Recently, rising oil prices have become a hot topic in all walks of life, in fact, compared to the general population's consumption of oil, can not afford to really hurt the business should be in the production, transport companies need a lot of oil, rising oil prices will increase production costs,...
Article one: (Ebsco Host) Fahey, Jonathan “Cash for Conservation” Forbes, Vol. 182, Issue 11, (November 24, 2008)
Article two: http://www.physorg.com/news72963583.html “Developing Alternatives to Fossil Fuels”Review of Forbes article “Cash for Conservation”
Written by Jonathan...
Conservation Of Natural Resourses
Natural Resources Conservation
Water pollution remains one of the most visible and persistent signs of our impact on the natural world. Cleanup of some older pollutants has been offset by new contaminants that threaten freshwater ecosystems and foul our...
Oil Conservation Fortnight (OCF) - 4th – 19th January
Petroleum or crude oil is a non renewable energy source that means it is present in the limited amount. If the use of oil will continue with the careless nature it is going to exhaust definitely at one day. Hence conservation of this valuable...
Oil vendors would remind the new environmental protection small oil mill maintenance is very important:
Energy conservation and environmental protection oil press equipment - small oil press is by far the most popular, the most practical and most helpful refined oil equipment, the development of country...
awareness of these issues.” – Conservation Ark, Adelaide Zoo. Zoos offer programs and activities for school and community groups. These enable school children and the public to learn about animals and wildlife conservation. Zoos also sponsor or create various conservation programs and campaigns for both...
Mitigation Plan 1
Mitigation Strategies and Solutions
Axia College at the University of Phoenix
Mitigation Plan 2
Energy conservation is reducing or eliminating unnecessary energy use and waste by decreasing the quantity of energy used for achieving an outcome. There are many ways...
News Article: Supply up, demand down, but oil prices rise by San Francisco Chronicle – David R. Baker
Recession usually bring cheap oil and gasoline. But not now, and that has analysts worried that another fuel-price spike could be on the way.
Crude oil, the lifeblood of the global economy, costs...
explain how it will affect earth. Energy conservation is a big problem here in American and around the world, the US is the number one violator in the energy wasting, we as American waste about seventy percent, with Russia and China right behind us. (Energy Conservation, (H Enringer, 2007) Before we can find...
Starches & Roots
Nutmeg & Mace
Energy conservation refers to reducing energy through using less of an energy service. Energy conservation differs from efficient energy use, which refers to using less energy for a constant service. For example, driving less is an example of energy conservation. Driving the same amount with a higher...
ENERGY CONSERVATION IN INDIA INTRODUCTION
India has made rapid strides towards economic self-reliance over the last few years. Impressive progress has been made in the fields of industry, agriculture, communication, transport and other sectors necessitating growing consumption of energy for developmental...
or light, there is no mass lost in the amount of matter that is used in this conversion. When we look at fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and oil, these are considered non-renewable resources. Fossil fuels have formed over thousands of years from combinations of types of organic matter like plants...<|endoftext|>The flashcards below were created by user
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
Computerized techniques that imitate human decision making.
chief information officer
This person in the organization is responsible for managing the organization's information systems.
clinical decision support systems
Systems that are designed to integrate medical information, patient information, and a decision making tool to generate information to assist with cases.
computerized physician order entry
Electronic system that enables a physician to order prescriptions, lab tests, etc.
This software program alerts physicians and clinicians about potential drug-drug interactions.
A decision support system that uses lab data and symptoms to produce a ranked list of diagnoses.
Use of information technology to deliver education, research, and clinical care.
electronic medical record
Electronic patient medical information that is accumulated in one health system and is used by the providers who treat the patient.
enterprise data warehouse
An integration of data from several different sources that supports strategic decision making.
Physicians electronically prescribe medicine for their patients.
Microsoft Web site that enables patients to maintain their medical information and access health education.
Computer application to tissues and organs.
- -Science of computer application to data in different industries.
- -Refers to the scicence of computer application to data in different industries.
Systems that electronically transforms data that can be used in organizations to be used for decision making.
These are older systems in an organization.
- -Science of computer application that supports clinical and research data in different areas of health care.
- - Health or medical informatics.
Use of information technology to enable healthcare providers to communicate with patients that may not be able to visit them physically because they are in a rural area.
Health Information system
are system that store, transmit, collect, and retrieve these data
Health information technology's (HIT)
goal is to manage the health data that can be used by patients/consumers, insurance companies, healthcare providers, healthcare administrators, and any stakeholder that has an interest in health care.
- - impacts every aspect of the healthcare industry.
- -All stakeholders in the healthcare industry use HIT
Information Technology (IT)
- -has had a tremendous impact on the healthcare industry because it allows documentation of every trasaction to be more quickly documented.
- When an industry focuses on saving lives, it is important that all activty has a written document that describes the activity
The main focus of HIT is record
- -Both President Bush and Obama have supported this intiative.
- - This is the foundation of many IT system because it will enable different system to share the patients information which will increase the quality and efficiency of health care.
History of IT in Health Care
Computers’ first widespread use was in the 1960s as a result of the implementation of Medicaid and Medicare.
- -Health care providers were inundated with forms to complete for both programs. In order to receive reimbursement from both programs, services needed to be tracked, forms needed to be completed and submitted to these programs.
- -As a result, computers were used to assist with the financial management of these programs.
- -As a result of computer integration, more health care providers recognized the efficiency of computers to manage programs. Hospitals particularly recognized the efficiency of electronic billing
-During the 19060s, hospitals developed their own computer system that housed their financial information.
-the hospital were responsible for the maintenance of these system.
- -these system, which were large mainframe system, required a large staff to maintain their operations.
- -All of the hospitals' data was stored on these mainframe computers
-Computer programs were developed by the hosptial to extract data reports. these mainframe computers were very expensive.
- -they were eventually replaced in 1970s with minicomputers which were more efficent, more cost-effective and easier to maintain.
- -these minicomputers were connected to main computers that stored all of the data.
- -these minicomputers were also used to enter information
- -Eventually, specific computer system were developed for laboratory and clinics.
the 1980-1990s, the development and widespread use of personal computers (PCs) revolutionized information systems and technology.
-PCs were not reliant on a main computer for analyses. they were able to generate more sophisticated reports.
- -PCs were often linked as a network to share information among different departments in hospitals.
- -The development of a PC also enabled more computerization of physician practices.
The establishment of a Chief Information Officer (CIO) in health care organizations emphasized the importance information systems and technology had become to health care organizations
- -the US healthcare system has been the world leader for developing cutting-edge technology in healht care.
- -it has impacted how diagnostic procedures are performed, how data is collected and disseminated, how medicine is delivered, how providers treat their pateients, and how sugeries are performed.
-there are several healthcare stakeholders that impacted by technology.
-Comsumers, providers, employers, researchers all governmental levels, nonprofit and forprofit healthcare organization and insurance payers have all been impacted by technology.
-Technological advances have been blamed, in part for the continued rise of healthcare expenditures, but the results of technological advances cannot be disputed.
The Institute of Medicine has published a series of reports over the past several years that focus on improving the quality of health care in the United States.
-In 2001, they published the report “Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21stCentury”, which stresses the importance of improving the information technology infrastructure.
They emphasize the importance of an electronic health record (EHR), an electronic record of patient’s medical history. They also discuss the importance of patient safety by establishing data standards for collecting patient information
-In 2004, President Bush established within the Department of Health and Human Services, the Office of the National Coordinator for Information Technology.
-In 2005, the American Health InformationCommunity (AHIC) was chartered to develop recommendations on how to increase health information technology use in our health care system.
They focused on surveillance, consumer awareness, chronic health care and electronic health care records
In 2008, this initiative was renamed the National eHealth Collaborative.
- this organization has already met with president obama regarding HIT.
- - During his tenure, President Bush indicated that most U.S. citizens should have an electronic patient record by 2014.
- - President Obama has also
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توان به آسانی آن را به انجام رساند
استراتژیهای آنلاین رسانه ای می تواند نقش کاملاً مؤثری بر ایجاد ترافیک سایت داشته باشد. انتشار بیانیه های خبری یکی از این استراتژیهای رسانه ای است که می توان به آسانی آن را به انجام رساند. برای این کار می توانید فهرستی از آدرسهای پست الکترونیکی ترتیب دهید و یا از یکی از سرویسهای موجود انتشار بیانیه خبری آنلاین استفاده کنید. بیشتر گزارشگران و نویسندگان دارای آدرسهای پستی هستند. برخی دوست ندارند نامه های الکترونیکی خبری دریافت کنند؛ اما برخی دیگر نیز هستند، که شکل الکترونیکی را ترجیح میدهند. هنگامی که اخبار به صورت نامه های الکترونیکی فرستاده می شوند، گزارشگران نیز با پست الکترونیکی پاسخ می دهند، آنها از شما انتظار دارند که حداکثر ظرف ۲۶ ساعت پاسخ دهید. نوعی کیت رسانه ای بسازید که به شما در فرستادن نامه های الکترونیکی به ویراستاران خبر کمک کند. در این فصل به مطالب زیر می پردازیم:
- استراتژی آنلاین رسانه ای
- روابط عمومی در برابرتبلیغات
- روابط عمومی آنلاین در برابر روابط عمومی سنتی
- انتشار مؤثر اخبار
- سرویسهای آنلاین انتشار و توزیع اخبار
- چگونه خبر را به صورت آنلاین منتشر کنید
- تدارک محلی بر روی طراحی سایت برای ارتباط با رسانه ها چگونه گزارشگران آنلاین را پیدا کنیم ؟
- گزارشگران چگونه خواهان دریافت اطلاعات شما هستند؟
- تشویق به انتشار مقاله تان با پیوند مستقیم به سایت یا مقاله مزبور ایجاد کیت مطبوعاتی آنلاین
- خبرنامه های الکترونیکی
-مدیریت روابط عمومی مؤثر
روابط رسانه ای در فعالیت های بازاریابی بسیار اهمیت دارند. بهترین نتایج زمانی حاصل می شوند که تلاشهای روابط عمومی آنلاین و آفلاین را تواماً انجام دهید. اگر فهرست مشخص و معینی از گزارشگران یا ویراستاران خبر در اختیار داشته باشید یا از سرویسهای انتشار اخبار بهره گیرید،انتشار بیانیه خبری کار آسانی خواهد بود.
حفظ روابط عمومی مؤثر و کارآمد منافع چندی برای شرکت شما در بر دارد. می توانید با بیانیه خبری، شرکت و محصولات خود را در معرض دید و قضاوت دیگران قرار دهید، و بدین ترتیب شکل مثبتی از شرکت شما در اذهان شکل خواهد گرفت، در نتیجه روابط شما با مشتریان کنونی مستحکمتر شده، مناسبات نوینی به وجود خواهند آمد.
مزایای روابط عمومی نسبت به تبلیغات
اطلاع رسانی رسانهای، یا داشتن روابط عمومی، دارای مزیت آشکاری بر سرویسهای تبلیغاتی پولی است. مقاله ای که توسط گزارشگری به نگارش درآمده، اعتباری به مراتب بیشتر از تبلیغات نزد افکار عمومی دارد، چرا که مردم عموماً رسانه ها را شخص ثالث و بدون جانبداری میدانند، که هیچ نفعی در طرفداری از هر یک از دو طرف معامله ندارند. روابط عمومی مقالات را به صورت چاپ شده در نشریات می آورد، که به نظر قابل باوارتر از تبلیغات پولی میرسند. مزیت دیگر انتشار بیانیه خبری آن است، که از لحاظ مالی باصرفه تر از تبلیغات است. همانطور که میدانید در ازای فضایی که بر روی یک وب سایت اشغال می کنید، یا وقتی که در رادیو تبلیغ می کنید، باید پول پرداخت کنید؛ ولی
هزینه های نویسندگی و انتشار اخبار در مقابل این هزینه ها بسیار ناچیزند. یکی از اشکالات بیانیه های خبری در مقایسه با تبلیغات این است، که شما کنترلی بر آنچه که منتشر می شود ندارید. اگر نویسنده یا دبیر نشریه تصمیم بگیرد که دید منفی نسبت به شرکت شما به وجود آورد، کاری از دستتان بر نمیآید. اگر نویسندهای به هر دلیلی از شرکت شما خوشش نیاید، این موضوع ممکن است در مقاله وی بازتاب یابد. اساساً پس از آن که اخبار شما توزیع شد، دیگر هیچ کنترلی بر آنچه که درباره شرکت شما به رشته تحریر در آمده ندارید.
این نکته بسیار مهم است، که توجه داشته باشید در صورت انتشار عمومی اخبار ممکن است کنترل خود را بر زمان انتشار آن نیز از دست بدهید. به عنوان مثال، ممکن است بخواهید مقالهای درست روز قبل از حراج بزرگ انتشار یابد، در حالی که دبیر نشریه تصمیم بگیرد انتشار آن را به هفته آینده بیاندازد. خواب، در این مورد همکاری از دستتان برنمیآید. این خوب نیست که برای رویدادهای پر اهمیت و خبرساز صرفاً به رسانه ها اتکا کنید، چرا که اگر کسی به اخبار اعتنایی نکرد یا آن را فاقد ارزش تلقی نمود، ممکن است فروش قابل توجهی نکنید.
بیانیه خبری چیست؟
پیش از اقدام به مبارزات رسانه ای، نخست باید بدانید بیانیه خبری چیست و چگونه نوشته می شود. بیانیه های خبری برای آگاه ساختن گزارشگران از رویدادهای مربوط به شرکتتان، که ممکن است از نظر عموم مردم قابل اعتنا تلقی شوند، طراحی شده اند. بیانیه خبری ممکن است بدون صرف هزینهای موجب جلب نظر مردم به شرکتتان شود. بیانیه خبری در واقع شکل استانداردی از ارتباط با رسانه هاست، و لازم است تمامی اطلاعات خبری را در برگیرد. شرکتهایی که صرفاً برای درج نامشان در مطبوعات، مرتباً اطلاعات فاقد ارزش را در اختیار مطبوعات قرار میدهند، قادر نخواهد بود مناسبات خوبی با رسانه ها برقرار کنند.
نگارش «بیانیه خبری»
از آنجایی که روزنامه نگاران همواره در معرض بمباران حجم عظیمی از بیانیههای خبری هستند، باید خبرهای شما توجه روزنامه نگاران را جلب کند. لازم است کار روزنامه نگاران را آسان ساخته،بیانیه های خبری خود را در قالب و سبکی جذاب عرضه کنید. این خبرها باید به گونهای نوشته شوند که گویی فردی بی طرف آن را نوشته است. بیانیه های خبری باید در قالب استانداری نگارش یابند؛که در زیر به شرح ان می پردازیم.
جلب توجه خبر
نخستین چیزی که خواننده مشاهده می کند، باید چیزی باشد شبیه این:
جهت انتشار فوری اخبار
مگر آن که پیش از زمان انتشار اطلاعاتی فرستاده باشید. در این صورت عبارت فوق باید به شکل زیر باشد:
جهت انتشار در: 14 آوریل، /۲۰۰۳ تاریخی را به کار ببریی که قصد انتشار در آن تاریخ را دارید
به خاطر داشته باشید، که صرفنظر از این که چه تاریخی را در این جا ذکر میکنید، رسانه ممکن است اطلاعات را قبل یا بعد از آن تاریخ نشر دهد.
سرنویس (Header)
سرنویس در گوشه بالا و سمت چپ درج گردد، و دارای تمام اطلاعات لازم جهت تماس با یکی دو شخصیت کلیدی باشد. طرفهای تماسی باید بتوانند به هر پرسشی راجع به بیانیه خبری پاسخ دهند. اگر گزارشگران نتوانند با کسی تماس بگیرند و پاسخ پرسش های خویش را پیدا کنند، ممکن است اطلاعات غلط به چاپ رسانند و یا اصلا مقاله را دور بیاندازند.
تماس:
عنوان (Headline)
عنوانی که بر می گزینید به غایت مهم است؛ اگر این کار را به درستی انجام دهید، نظر هر کسی را جلب خواهد کرد. عنوان خبر باید قدرتمند و چکیدهای از پیام خبر باشد و خواننده را وادار کند که به خواندن ادامه دهد. عنوان را کوتاه بنویسید - کمتر از ده لغت.
شهر و تاریخ
نام شهری که از آن جا گزارش میکنید، و تاریخ نوشتن خبرها را درج کنید.
متن
نخستین جمله شما در متن بیانیه های خبری باید جمع بندی عنوان بوده، بی درنگ خواننده را آگاه سازد که چرا این خبرها شایسته خواندن هستند. با توجه به اینکه گزارشگران بیانیه های خبری زیادی دریافت میکنند، اگر بیدرنگ نظرشان را جلب نکنید، خبرهایتان را مطالعه نخواهند کرد. نخست تمام اطلاعات کاملاً مرتبط با موضوع را فهرست کنید، و ذکر اطلاعات موید آنها را برای آخر بگذارید. به پنج پرسش (کی، کدام، کجا، کی، و چرا) در همان ابتدا پاسخ دهید. بیانیه های خبری را طوری بنویسید، که گویی مقاله ای برای انتشار در روزنامه مینویسید. نقل قول هایی از افراد کلیدی شرکت یا هر منبع مربوط دیگری در خارج آن بیاورید، که باور کردنی به نظر رساند. اگر آماری وجود دارد که موید پیام است، آن را نیز همراه با منبع ذکر کنید. آخرین پاراگرافتان باید شرح کوتاهی پیرامون شرکت باشد.
خلاصه
اگر خبرهایتان مثلا دو صفحه است، لغت «- بیشتر- » را در وسط و انتهای صفحه اول بیاورید. برای ختم مطالب کلمه «پایان» را در وسط و پایان پیام درج کنید.
مزایای بیانیه های خبری
انتشار آنلاین خبرها از همان قالب استاندارد آفلاین پیروی میکند، ولی انتشار آنلاین می تواند به صورت محاوره ای باشد، و پیوندهایی به انواع اطلاعات جالب که موید پیام هستند، داشته باشد. اگر بیانیههای خبری شرکت را با پست الکترونیکی منتشر کنید و یک پیوند فرامتنی در آن قرار دهید، روزنامه نگار به سرعت روی آن کلیک میکند، و برای تکمیل اطلاعاتی که به آن نیاز دارد، از محیط نامه الکترونیکی شما دور و خارج میشود. پیوندهایی که بهتر است در بیانیه های خبری بیایند، ازاین قرارند:
- پیوندی به آدرس پست الکترونیکی فرد مسئول تماس با رسانه ها در سازمان شما، طوری که روزنامه نگار بتواند با یک کلیک ماوس هر پرسشی را که بخواهد از طریق پست الکترونیکی از وی بپرسد.
- پیوندی به وب سایت شرکت، طوری که روزنامه نگار بتواند سریع و آسان به اطلاعات
- پیوندهایی به مقالاتی که پیرامون شرکت و موضوعات مرتبط نگاشته شده اند، چه درواب سایت شرکت و چه در سایتهای دیگر.
پیوندهایی به بازیگران کلیدی شرکت، زندگی نامه آنها، عکس، و احتمالاً نقل قولهایی از آنها. چون روزنامه نگاران معمولا در خبرها از نقل قول استفاده می کنند.
مقایسه اشکال ارسال بیانیه های خبری
اگر توزیع بیانیه های خبری بر عهده خودتان باشد، پولی را که باید به شرکتهای ارائه دهنده چنین سرویسی بدهید صرفه جویی خواهد کرد. همچنین می توانید تلاشهای خود را نسبت به این شرکتها هدفمندتر عمل کنید. فهرست برخی از این شرکتها تاریخ گذشته یا ناقص بوده و ممکن است فهرست گزارشگران و سردبیران خبر آنها جامع و کامل و به روز نیز نباشد. از سوی دیگر، برخی از شرکتها ممکن است بیانیههای خبری را زیاد جدی نگیرند. روزنامه نگاری که نام سرویس مربوطه را می شناسد ممکن است بیشتر از زمانی که منشاء خبرها از شرکت ناشناخته ای است، پذیرای آنها باشد. استفاده از سرویسهای این چنینی موجب صرفه جویی در وقتتان می شود.
اگر تصمیم دارید بیانیه های خبری را خودتان توزیع کنید، ابتدا باید فهرستی از روزنامه نگاران تهیه کنید. هنگام مطالعه نشریات، در پی نام گزارشگران آن مقاله و اطلاعات مربوط به تماس با آنها باشید. اگر نمی دانید در یک نشریه خاص آن را برای چه کسی بفرستید، همیشه می توانید تماس بگیرید و نام دبیر مربوطه را جویا شوید. در همه سرویس های اخبار، شخصی برای دریافت مقالاتی درباره شغل و کارتان مشترک شوید. این بهترین راه یافتن اسامی روزنامه نگارانی است که ممکناست به آنچه که برای گفتن دارید علاقمند باشند. منابع آنلاین چندی وجود دارند، که به شما در تهیه و تدارک فهرست توزیع اخبار کمک میکنند؛ Mediafinder به نشانی http://WWW.mediafinder.com یکی از سایتهای مفید در این زمینه است. این سایت دارای بانک اطلاعاتی شامل هزاران ابزار رسانه ای از جمله مجلات، هفته نامه ها، روزنامه ها، خبرنامه ها و کاتالوگ ها است و بینندگان می توانند از آن استفاده کنند.
Lexis NeXis نیز به نشانی http://www.pressaccess.com/PR/index.htm
دارای بانک اطلاعاتی عظیمی از روزنامه نگاران تحلیلگران صنایع است و بانک اطلاعات دبیرخانه های مطبوعاتی آن ۲4 ساعته به صورت آنلاین در دسترس است، و دارای اطلاعات مفصل با جزئیات بسیار درباره روزنامه نگاران
، Media Map (http://www.mediamap.comمنبع دیگری برای روابط عمومی است، و بیش از ۲۰۰۰۰ آدرس تماس با عوامل رسانه ای، از جمله شماره های تلفن و دورنگار، آدرسهای پست الکترونیکی و رشته های کاری هر کدام از آنها در اختیار دارد علاوه بر اینها، تقویم هایی از دبیرخانه های رسانه ای وجود دارند، که نشان می دهند قرار است فلان مقاله از پیش تعیین شده توسط چه کسی به نگارش در آید، موضوع آن چیست، و کی قرار است نوشته شود.
نکات مهم در رابطه با انتشار بیانیه های خبری
بیانیه های خبری خود را به بخشهای خبری نفرستید. ببینید کدام سردبیر با اخباری که شما قصد انتشار آن را دارید کار می کند و بیانیه خبری خود را دقیقاً به همان شخص بفرستید. بیانیههای خبری خود را به بیش از یک سردبیر در هر سازمانی نفرستید، مگر اینکه بیش از یک نفر در رابطه با اطلاعات بیانیه خبری شما وجود داشته باشد. در صورت امکان، قبل از ارسال بیانیه خبری، با سردبیر و گزارشگر خبر تماس برقرار کنید و راجع به خبر ارسالی با وی صحبت کنید. همچنین، چند روز پس از ارسال خبر تماس گرفته و پیگیری کنید و ببینید که خبر به دست گزارشگر رسیده و آیا وی سوالی در رابطه با خبر دارد یا نه.
زمان و مهلت انتشار بیانیه خبری
مهلت انتشار بیانیه خبری یکی از مهمترین چیزهایی است که باید هنگام ارسال بیانیه خبری به یاد داشته باشید. ببینید برای ارسال بیانیه خبری و اطلاعات مورد نظر برای هریک از رسانه ها چند روز فرصت دارید.در این قسمت رهنمودهایی برای زمان انتشار بیانیه خبری توضیح می دهیم:
مجلات ماهیانه
در مورد مجلاتی که ماهیانه چاپ می شوند، باید دست کم دو یا سه ماه زودتر از چاپ مجله بیانیه خبری خود را به آنها بفرستید. مجلات دارای برنامه ریزی دقیقی برای چاپ هستند، چون باید در زمان مقرر چاپ شده و به مشترکان ارسال شوند.
روزنامه ها
بهتر است بیانیه های خبری خود را که قرار است در روزنامه ای به چاپ رسد، لااقل چند هفته قبل از چاپ روی میز گزارشگر خبر قرار داشته باشد و اگر بیانیه خبری مربوط به یک تعطیلات ویژه است، باید حتی زودتر آن را بفرستید.
رادیو و تلويزيون
هنگام ارسال بیانیه خبری به رادیو و تلویزیون، به خاطر داشته باشید ممکن است از شما بخواهند به عنوان میهمان در برنامه تلویزیونی شرکت کنید. قبل از ارسال بیانیه، خود را برای این کار آماده کنید. برنامه های تلویزیونی بسیار سریع پخش می شوند. ممکن است برنامه ای که در صبح ضبط شده عصر همان روز پخش شود.
قالب بندی بیانیه های خبری ایمیلی
می توانید به کمک پست الکترونیک اخبار خود را انتشار دهید. برخی از گزارشگران نامه های الکترونیکی را ترجیح میدهند؛ برخی دیگر بیشتر ارسال خبر به صورت نمابر و یا پست معمولی را می پسندند. پیش از آن که اقدام به استفاده از پست الکترونیکی برای فرستادن خبرها کنید، از شکل دلخواه گزارشگر برای فرستادن خبر اطلاع حاصل کنید. به رهنمودهای مندرج در فصل ۹ دربارهچگونگی نوشتن پیامهای الکترونیکی مؤثر مراجعه کنید.
هنگام ارسال بیانیه های خبری با پست الکترونیکی، پیامهای خود را در پاراگرافهای کوتاه و در یکی دو صفحه بنویسید. بهتر است خبرها را داخل متن نامه الکترونیکی بیاورید، و هیچگاه آنها را به صورت پیوست (Attachment) نفرستید، شما که نمی دانید گزارشگر مورد نظر در چه محیطی و با استفاده از چه واژه پردازی کار می کند. مثلاً ممکن است شما از واژه پرداز 2000 Microsoft Word در PC استفاده می کنید، در حالی که گزارشگر از نوع برنامه ناسازگار با Word در Mac استفاده می کند، و قادر به باز کردن فایل شما نباشد. همچنین ممکن است مشکلاتی در حین بارگذاری فایل از اینترنت پیش آید، که نهایتاً مانع خوانده شدن بیانیه خبری می شود. ممکن است گیرنده نامه دارای یک کامپیوتر قدیمی با ارتباط تلفنی کند باشد؛ طوری که فایلی که ارسال آن برای شما ۲ دقیقه طول می کشد، بارگذاری آن ۲۰ دقیقه وقت گیرنده را میگیرد. به علاوه، ممکن است شما از PC استفاده می کنید، در حالی که گزارشگر از کامپیوتری با سیستم عامل مبتنی بر Mac کار می کند. کسی ۲۰ دقیقه وقت برای بارگذاری نامه الکترونیکی شما می گذارد، در پایان متوجه شود که خبر شما ارزشوقت تلف کردن را نداشته، به هیچ وجه تحت تأثیر قرار نخواهد گرفت.
توجه داشته باشید که عنوان و موضوع نامه حتماً نظر خواننده را جلب کند. روزنامه نگاران می توانند نامه ها را پاک کنند یا باز نکنند؛ و اغلب هم همین کار را می کنند، چرا که روزانه انبوهی از این نامه ها به دستشان می رسد. متن نامه باید روشن و کاملاً مربوط به موضوع باشد. از همان نخستین جمله به اصل موضوع بپردازید. اگر از همان ابتدا نظر خواننده را جلب نکنید، ممکن است گیرنده از ادامه خواندن نامه منصرف شود. بسیار مهم است که بتوانید اطلاعات مربوط به بیانیههای خبری را در قالب دیجیتالی (به صورت فایل و نه نسخه چاپی) بفرستید. در این صورت رونامه نگاران با کپی و الصاق سریع آن می توانند «اولین پیش نویس» مقاله خود را آماده کنند .بدین ترتیب، کار را برایش آسان خواهید کرد، و سپس گزارشگر می تواند پیش نویس اولیه را به سرعت تغییر داده شکل نهایی مقاله را با صرف کمترین وقت و زحمت آماده کند. هر کسی دوست دارد. در وقتش صرفه جویی کند، و بیشتر روزنامه نگاران همواره وقت کم می آورند.
تعیین ارزش
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of business, choosing the form of ownership, locating the appropriate site to set up the business, financing the proposition (identifying capital requirements and its sources), setting up the physical layout and the facilities, acquiring required human resource. Compliance with statutory requirements, launching the business). Five phases of a business: expansion, peak, recession, trough, recovery.
Startup business – meaning only.
(v) Business risks and causes of failure.
Meaning of business risks. Types of business risks: strategic risks, financial risks, operational risks, compliance risks, competition and market risks, environmental risks, reputational risks, credit risks, innovation risks: a brief explanation of each.
Causes of business failure: internal causes (poor management, premature scaling, funding shortfall, inadequate profits, labour problems, small customer base) and external forces (economy fluctuations, market fluctuations, non-availability of credit, change in technology, change in government policies and laws, natural disasters, lack of availability of raw material).
Methods of managing business risk: accept and absorb, avoid, transfer, mitigate, exploit (clear understanding of the methods).
3. Managers and Managerial Roles
Meaning and definition of a Manager.
(ii) Managerial roles
Managerial roles as given by Mintzberg: informational (monitor, disseminator, spokesperson), interpersonal (figurehead, leader, and liaison), and decisional (entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator): brief explanation of these roles.
(iii) Authority, responsibility, and accountability.
Meaning and definition of authority, responsibility, and accountability; their interrelationship; sources of authority: formal, acceptance, competence; delegation of authority; principles of delegation of authority; centralization and decentralization of authority; distinction between delegation and decentralization of authority.
(iv) Change management.
Meaning and definition of change management; Types of change: developmental, transitional, transformational.
Need for change: Internal forces (need for improving productivity, need to reduce costs, need for improving quality of work life, Domino effect, deficiency in the existing system, to enhance innovation); External forces (change in market situations – national and international, changes in technology, changes in population dynamics, changes in the political scenario, changes in the legal system).
Resistance to change: reasons for resistance to change – Individual reasons (habits and conventions, fear of unknown, zero tolerance to change (status quo), fear of economic loss, redundancy of skills, egoistic attitude, peer pressure, emotional resistance to change in social groups); Organizational reasons (fear of the unknown, costs involved, management’s lack of faith in change, constraints of organizational structure).
Overcoming resistance to change: Brief explanation of Kurt Lewin’s model of change and ADKAR model of change.
4. Automation at Workplaces
Meaning and definition of mechanization and automation; distinction between the two; evolution from mechanization to automation; merits and demerits of mechanization; merits and demerits of automation.
(ii) Productivity enhancement tools and facilities at different workplaces.
- Banks: ATM, passbook printing kiosk, cheque/ cash depositing machine, SMS alerts
- Retail Industry: barcode scanner and POS machine (Point of Sale), card swipe machine
- Corporate Office: Biometric system, photocopy machine, LED Projector, scanners, laptops, smartphones. Video conferencing, intercom, internet and wi-fi, VoIP (voice-over internet protocol).
- Airports: self check-in kiosk, CUTE workstations, automated backdrop, AODB solutions, Airport hub wireless, Advanced ATS.
FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)
1. What is the exam pattern for ISC Class 11 subject Business Studies?
There are two segments under ISC Class 11 Business Studies Syllabus, theory and project work. The theory paper is further divided into two parts. In the first part, all questions are compulsory and include short answer type questions. It consists of 20 marks. In the second part, students are required to answer a total of five questions out of eight, each consisting of 12 marks.
The project work is of 20 marks.
2. How can I plan my studies as per the ISC class 11 Business Studies syllabus?
Your first step should be to approach the syllabus of class 11 Business Studies and to go through it thoroughly. Acquaintance with the subject will help you to plan your schedule and timetable to block out the time needed each day for a well-defined learning activity. The ISC Class 11 Business Studies syllabus will help you to set your goals for each chapter. Some chapters require more time and some will require less. According to your strengths and weaknesses, you can plan a schedule for your exam preparation effectively. Your plan can be the key to success for ISC class 11 Business Studies.<|endoftext|>, dello stesso colore della cute, di consistenza aumentata rispetto alla pelle circostante, che può insorgere in qualsiasi area cutanea, sebbene le regioni più frequentemente interessate sian La cisti sebacea è una raccolta di materiale cheratinico, follicolare o sebaceo, che si presenta come una massa tondeggiante sottocutanea. La cisti sebacea si forma in seguito a un' occlusione di una ghiandola sebacea o del suo condotto (cioè quel canale che consente il passaggio dei relativi prodotti) Le cause della ciste sebacea sulla schiena Ci sono varie cause che possono favorire l'insorgenza della formazione della ciste sulla schiena. Per esempio tra i vari fattori di rischio possiamo ricordare i traumi, i graffi o le cicatrici
La cisti sebacea, chiamata anche cisti epidermoide, è un nodulo in genere di piccole dimensioni (da alcuni millimetri fino a 5-6 centimetri) visibile sotto la pelle o nel cuoio capelluto. La cisti sebacea è molto rara nei bambini, poco frequente nel sesso femminile e più comune negli uomini, soprattutto dopo la pubertà Le cisti, quando spuntano sulla schiena, possono irritare e causare dolore. Nella maggior parte dei casi rispondono bene all'automedicazione e, con la terapia appropriata, si riassorbono nel giro di una settimana. In altre parole è indispensabile mantenere pulita l'area interessata e applicare trattamenti di primo soccorso finché non scompaiono Una cisti sebacea si può presentare come un rigonfiamento solitamente non doloroso, localizzata in aree come il cuoio capelluto, il volto o la schiena
La cisti sebacea appare come una protuberanza dura e arrotondata sulla pelle arrossata. Il colore, di solito, è giallo o biancastro; spesso, è presente una piccola zona centrale più scura attraverso cui potrebbe fuoriuscire del pus (materiale liquido, biancastro o giallastro, formato da batteri e cellule morte) La cisti sebacea è una formazione benigna presente nella cute, la cui dimensione è variabile da uno a diversi centimetri, arrivando ad estendersi nel sottocute. In parole semplici, una cisti sebacea è una formazione tondeggiante al cui interno è presente materiale sebaceo La cisti sebacea si forma quando si ostruisce il dotto di una ghiandola sebacea. Essa continua a produrre sebo, il quale, non potendo riversarsi all'esterno, si accumula dentro la ghiandola. Come conseguenza si ha il rigonfiamento del follicolo pilifero
La cisti sebacea è una neoformazione di natura benigna che si presenta come un piccolo bozzo visibile sotto la pelle o il cuoio capelluto, che cresce lentamente e ha una consistenza semi-solida caseosa Una cisti sebacea è una sacca benigna, chiusa e soda che si trova nella pelle e spesso forma un grumo a forma di cupola collegato all'epidermide che si può spostare nei tessuti sottostanti La cisti sebacea è una neoformazione sottocutanea, assolutamente benigna, che si forma per l'occlusione di una ghiandola sebacea: le ghiandole sebacee sono presenti in tutte le parti del nostro corpo e, pertanto, la cisti sebacea può svilupparsi ovunque, anche se le cisti sebacee si osservano con più frequenza a livello del cuoio capelluto, del collo, della schiena e retro auricolari Sono cisti o noduli che si formano sotto la pelle. Anche se solitamente sono benigne e di solito scompaiono da sole, possono essere molto fastidiose e antiestetiche; in alcuni casi, inoltre, possono fare infezione, quindi è importante non trascurarle per evitare delle complicazioni Una delle più grandi Cisti sebacee del mondo! Un'esplosione di pus, grasso e cheratina da far venire i brividi anche al più fanatico Popaholic
L'ormai famosissima Dr. Sandra Lee, divenuta quasi una star su YouTube, ha pubblicato una nuova piccola operazione di una paziente che presentava una cisti infiammata e ingrossata sul corpo Cos'è la cisti sebacea La cisti sebacea rappresenta un nodulo che si formano sotto l'epidermide e, pur essendo generalmente di natura benigna, può rivelarsi dolorosa e decisamente antiestetica. Le cisti sebacee sono degli inestetismi fastidiosi, che spesso ci possono mettere a disagio con gli altri a seconda della zona in cui nascono
Ep1 : La dottoressa Lee cura un suo paziente con un grave problema dermatologico: una cisti sulla schiena... scopri l'operazione! Ep2 : La paziente della dot.. Una cisti si è formata sulla sua schiena: le immagini dell'intervento di rimozione Dottore rimuove una enorme cisti sebacea: il video è disgustoso play 225298 • di ViralVideo
Le cisti epidermiche da inclusione (cisti epidermoidi), spesso definite impropriamente cisti sebacee, sono color carne e hanno dimensioni variabili, fino a 5 cm. Spesso presentano un poro allargato che le sovrasta. Possono svilupparsi ovunque, ma sono più frequenti sulla schiena, sulla testa e sul collo. Tendono ad avere una consistenza solida e a muoversi facilmente all'interno della cute La cisti sebacea, definita da alcuni anche cisti epidermoide, è una neoformazione del sottocute che si presenta come un piccolo bozzo visibile sotto la pelle o il cuoio capelluto.Rarissima nei. . Avviso per 40 posti infermiere terapia intensiva, Bolzano. Se desideri lavorare in un ambiente moderno e altamente tecnologico con la possibilità di spaziare in vari ambiti professionali e di sviluppare le proprie capacità, sia nel quotidiano della professione che nel lungo periodo Le cisti sebacee sono delle neoformazioni contenenti cheratina, sebo e cellule morte. Sono delimitate da una capsula detta anche cencio necrotico.. Questa capsula, con il tempo tende ad aumentare di spessore, diventare fibrotica e aderire ai tessuti circostanti
La cisti sebacea è una cisti non cancerogena comune della pelle. Le cisti sono anomalie del corpo che contengono materiale liquido o semi liquido. Le cisti sebacee possono essere trovate in tutto il corpo ma tendono a presentarsi con maggiore frequenze sul viso, collo e schiena Folge Deiner Leidenschaft bei eBay Una cisti sebacea nel gatto è un piccolo nodulo che può essere sentito attraverso la pelle. Le cisti del gatto sono in genere benigne, ma è meglio farle controllare dal vostro veterinario. Si possono sviluppare in seguito ad una infezione o un corpo estraneo nella pelle (ad esempio una scheggia)
Di conseguenza la cisti sebacea può svilupparsi dappertutto, anche se sono più comuni all'altezza del collo, del cuoio capelluto, della parte posteriore delle orecchie e della schiena. Possono.. Le cisti sebacee insorgono frequentemente a carico della cute più spessa e grassa, ovvero il cuoio capelluto, il dorso ed il viso. Se non trattate e se non si infettano, le dimensioni di queste lesioni possono raggiungere i 3-5 cm di diametro. Segni e sintomi La cisti sebacea clinicamente si manifesta come una nodosità sottocutanea palpabile, talvolta dolente. Può essere riconoscibile un ostio di comunicazione tra la cisti e l'esterno, non sempre pervio Le cisti sebacee si osservano più frequentemente su cuoio capelluto, orecchie, collo, schiena e parte superiore delle braccia. Negli uomini le cisti sebacee compaiono abbastanza di frequente sullo scroto e sul torace
Problemino prepasquale: una cisti sebacea grossa come una lenticchia (fino a ieri) si è vistosamente incazzata E' nella schiena, giusto all'altezza della cinta dei pantaloni, e mi fa un male boia. Mi è già successo altre volte, naturalmente si forma pus, ma questa maledetta non si apre e continua a gonfiarsi Le cisti facciali, che di solito sono di tipo sebaceo, possono essere fastidiose e sgradevoli, ma non richiedono un. La cisti sebacea è una bolla piena di liquido che si trova sotto la pelle e appare come una protuberanza dura e arrotondata. Come riconoscerla e curarl CISTI SEBACEA : cause sintomi diagnosi e cure consiglia
Cisti sebacea sul viso . La cisti sebacea sul viso può essere risolta nel dermatologo perché non è consigliabile cercare di rimuovere la cisti schiacciando o con un ago perché può infettare. Cisti sebacea sulla schiena . Le cisti sebacee nella parte posteriore possono causare più disagio quando il soggetto sta dormendo, soprattutto quando. Le cisti dermoidi si sviluppano primariamente lungo la parte superiore della schiena, che in gergo medico viene definita linea mediana dorsale. Le cisti dermoidi oculari possono comparire su palpebra, cornea o congiuntiva. Sono state riportati anche casi di cisti dermoidi ovariche nei cani domestici I tumori e le cisti sono due tipi di crescita. Possono avere un aspetto simile ma hanno cause diverse. Per determinare se una persona ha un tumore o una cisti, un medico può utilizzare tecniche di imaging o fare una biopsia.In questo articolo, scopri le differenze tra cisti e tumori. Esploriamo i tipi più comuni e descriviamo le condizioni ch Le cisti sebacee sono raccolte di sebo causate dall'ostruzione del canale che mette in comunicazione la ghiandola sebacea con l'esterno: il sebo non ha più via di sfogo e quindi si accumula. Più frequenti nel sesso maschile, si localizzano soprattutto sulla schiena e sul cuoio capelluto Una cisti dermoide è una formazione contenente frammenti di strutture come capelli, liquidi, denti o ghiandole della pelle.. La loro evoluzione è piuttosto lenta, e generalmente hanno una consistenza abbastanza dura al tatto (a meno che non si rompano). Di solito si trovano sul viso, all'interno del cranio, nella parte bassa della schiena e nelle ovaie: le cisti dermoide superficiali sul.
Una cisti sebacea rottura può portare ad un'infezione ebollizione simile, che richiederebbe un trattamento immediato. Consultare il proprio medico immediatamente se la ferita sembra profondo e non si ferma stillicidio. 6. Dos & Don'ts. Come dice un vecchio proverbio, 'prevenire è meglio che curare', che vale per le cisti sebacee troppo Informazioni utili sulla ciste sebacea della testa. Dalla definizione di cisti in testa alle modalità di asportazione, ecco quello che devi sapere sulle cisti sebacee del cuoio capelluto. LEGGI ANCHE - Cosa sono le verruche. Che cos'è una cisti sebacea. Per iniziare la nostra guida, diamo una definizione di cisti sebacea e cerchiamo di. Ferita cisti sebacea che non si rimargina. Buongiorno ad ottobre a mio marito è stata tolta una cisti sulla schiena infiammataad oggi la ferita non si è ancora chiusa completamente e continua ad uscire del siero. Stiamo trattando con betadine e connettivina plus Ho una cisti sebacea suppurata, rossa-dolente e di circa cm sulla schiena, e il medico mi ha prescritto prima di successivo trattamento(drenaggio o incisione da un chirurgo) la somministrazione di augmentin 2 compresse al giorno (x 6 giorni). SOono al terzo giorno di terapia ma nulla sembra cambiato, la cisti è rossa e delle stesse dimensioni . La schiena, anche chiamata dorso, è la parte posteriore dell'organismo umano i cui limiti sono: quello superiore è costituito dal collo, mentre i glutei stabiliscono con chiarezza quello inferiore. Nuovo!!: Cisti sebacea e Schiena · Mostra di più » Secrezion
. Una cisti sebacea sulla pelle del cane può essere preoccupante per i proprietari di animali domestici, ma di solito è benigna (non cancerosa) e quindi non preoccupante per la salute a meno che non si rompa e si infetti, o impatti sulla qualità della vita del vostro cane I brufoli sottopelle sono comedoni chiusi, noduli oppure cisti acneiche. Si tratta di rilievi cutanei che si sono formati talmente tanto in profondità da non riuscire a non secernere pus. Questi brufoli possono causare la formazione di cicatrici, soprattutto se si prova a schiacciarli.Possono sorgere in tutte le zone del corpo, ma di solito colpiscono in particolare il viso, la schiena, le.
Buonasera, ho una ciste sebacea sulla schiena non fastidiosa se non alla vista, vorrei quindi rimuoverla per motivi estetici. Il dermatologo mi ha detto che è possibile effettuare un drenaggio oppure la rimozione chirurgica in anestesia locale. Non ho però capito perfettamente la differenza tra i due metodi, qualcuno può aiutarmi
Ho una cisti sebacea, fastidiosissima e infiammata sulla schiena, da tre giorni sono in terapia . Una cisti sebacea è una b
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by extraneous proof that other blood, by other migrations, found this land and mingled with the peoples there.”40
Latter-day Saint anthropologists shared Crowley’s opinion. In 1976, in an article for the church’s Liahona magazine, archaeologist Ross T. Christensen noted that the diversity in Native American languages makes it clear that “the original forefathers of the Indians came from diverse ethnic groups from many distant lands in the Old World. For this reason it is impossible to declare with certainty that all American Indians are Lamanites. The Book of Mormon does not make this claim, although it is affirmed by some members of the Church.”41 In this he concurred with his colleague M. Wells Jakeman, who had stated two years before Elder Evans’s article that “the Nephite record does not purport to give the history of all the New World for all the time before Columbus” nor “claim to give the origin of all the American Indian peoples found inhabiting the New World at the coming of the Europeans.”42
A year before Christensen’s article appeared, the Ensign responded to the question “Who and where are the Lamanites?” Its author, Lane Johnson, noted that latter-day “Lamanites,” in addition to being descended from Lehi, Ishmael, Zoram, and Mulek, “may also be descended from other groups of whom we have no record. Certainly they have mixed with many other lineages at the far reaches of their dispersal in the Americas and most of the islands of the Pacific since the time when Moroni bade them farewell in A.D. 421.” Yet notwithstanding the mixed nature of these groups, they all “have a legitimate claim to the blessings of the Abrahamic covenant.”43
Hugh Nibley had broached this idea of claim upon the covenant as early as 1952 when he wrote of the possibility that these others in the land were not accidental arrivals but had been led to it by the hand of God for his own purposes, as the Book of Mormon colonists had.
Just because Lehi’s people had come from Jerusalem by special direction we are not to conclude that other men cannot have had the same experience. And by the same token the fact that the Jaredites were led to the land of promise at the time of the dispersion gives us no right to conclude that no one else was ever so led, either earlier or later than they. It is nowhere said or implied that even the Jaredites were the first to come here, any more than it is said or implied that they were the first or only people to be led from the tower.
…Now there is a great deal said in the Book of Mormon about the past and future of the promised land, but never is it described as an empty land. The descendants of Lehi were never the only people on the continent, and the Jaredites never claimed to be.44
Fifteen years later he noted: “The Book of Mormon offers no objections whatever to the free movement of whatever tribes and families choose to depart into regions beyond its ken, so it presents no obstacles to the arrival of whatever other bands may have occupied the hemisphere without its knowledge; for hundreds of years the Nephites shared the continent with the far more numerous Jaredites, of whose existence they were totally unaware.”45 In fact, he added, “The idea of other migrations to the New World is taken so completely for granted that the story of the Mulekites is dismissed in a few verses (Omni 1:14-17).”46
One of the most prominent proponents of the idea that Native American populations were not confined to those of Israel is anthropologist John L. Sorenson. His views on how the Book of Mormon relates to ancient Mesoamerica actually began circulating in preliminary form as early as 1955.47 In 1985, an expanded version of his work was published, and since then he has published additional works relating to the question.48 Sorenson argued that the Book of Mormon was not intended as a history of all the American Indians but is primarily a “lineage history,” or a “record of the people of Nephi” written by the elite of that people.49 He also contended that many elements found in the Book of Mormon text can best be accounted for under the assumption that Nephites and Lamanites included other people in addition to those descended from the original founding colony. For example, Lehi’s son Jacob’s condemnation of the Nephites having “‘many wives and concubines’…seems to call for a larger population of females,” which could not have been the case with Lehi’s party just one or two generations after their arrival. Male casualties in battles involving such tiny numbers could hardly have been very many. This would suggest the incorporation of “‘other’ people.”50
The activities and words of Sherem also support this view. Jacob says that “there came a man among the people of Nephi, whose name was Sherem” (Jacob 7:1). In his conversation with Jacob, Sherem indicates that he had “sought much opportunity that I might speak unto you; for I have heard and also know that thou goest about much, preaching that which ye call the gospel, or the doctrine of Christ” (Jacob 7:6). Sorenson estimated that the population of actual descendants of the Nephite colony “could not have exceeded fifty by that time,” hardly “enough to populate one modest-sized village. …Jacob, as head priest and religious teacher, would routinely have been around the Nephite temple in the cultural center at least on all holy days (see Jacob 2:2). How then could Sherem never have seen him, and why would he have had to seek ‘much opportunity’ to speak to him in such a tiny settlement? And where would Jacob have had to go on the preaching travels Sherem refers to, if only such a tiny group were involved? Moreover, from where was it that Sherem ‘came…among the people of Nephi’ (Jacob 7:1)”51 Sorenson also noted references to wars, flocks, and domesticated corn as suggesting the presence of other people.52 Even more recently, Brant Gardner has marshaled additional evidence suggesting that the Nephites were a minority people in the midst of many other Mesoamerican groups with whom they interacted.53
The idea that people other than the Book of Mormon colonists also inhabited the pre-Columbian Americas is not a new or revisionist concept. It has a well-documented history that began in the early generations of the restored Church of Jesus Christ and has carried on uninterrupted to the present day. It has been presented, discussed, and published openly and in authorized contexts throughout that history. It has been promoted and defended by some of the church’s most distinguished leaders and scholars, and it continues to inform the work of faithful Book of Mormon researchers today. As ever more scientific evidence arises in support of it, one can hope that it will in time fully supersede the erroneous but “long-standing popular Mormon beliefs” defended by the Book of Mormon’s critics.54
Possible Scriptural Objections to the Presence of Others
In seeking possible scriptural objections to the proposition that there were others in the land, some have suggested that two Book of Mormon passages (Ether 2:5 and 2 Nephi 1:8) require an empty hemisphere previous to the arrival of Jaredites, Lehites, and Mulekites.55 However, it is evident that the passage from Ether 2:5, stating that the Jaredites were “commanded…that they should go forth into the wilderness, yea, into that quarter where there never had man been,” when taken in context, actually refers to the wilderness through which the Jaredites were to travel in the Old World and says nothing about the populations of the New World at that time. The second reference, from Lehi’s prophecy, reads as follows:
And behold, it is wisdom that this land should be kept as yet from the knowledge of other nations; for behold, many nations would overrun the land, that there would be no place for an inheritance. Wherefore, I, Lehi, have obtained a promise, that inasmuch as those whom the Lord God shall bring out of the land of Jerusalem shall keep his commandments, they shall prosper upon the face of this land; and they shall be kept from all other nations, that they may possess this land unto themselves. And if it so be that they shall keep his commandments they shall be blessed upon the face of this land, and there shall be none to molest them, nor to take away the land of their inheritance; and they shall dwell safely forever. (2 Nephi 1:8-9)
One reading of this statement could be that Lehi’s people inherited an empty promised land when their ship arrived, but the Book of Mormon allows for other interpretations.56 Is there a distinction, for example, between “nations” and other social groups? Lehi would have been familiar with nations such as Babylon and Egypt that had well-organized armies capable of waging sophisticated warfare and extending their power over large distances. Lehi’s prophecy could allow for smaller societies that did not yet merit the description “nations.” For instance, Sorenson’s model of Book of Mormon geography places the land of Nephi in highland Guatemala near the site of Kaminaljuy˙. At the time Nephi and his people separated from Laman’s followers to found their own settlement in the early sixth century B.C., archaeological evidence shows that that region had only scattered, sparsely populated villages.57 Also, to “possess this land unto themselves” does not necessarily mean to be the only inhabitants but can also mean–as it often does in Book of Mormon contexts–that a group has the ability to control and exercise authority over the land and its resources (see, for example, Mosiah 19:15; 23:29; 24:2; Alma 27:22, 26).58 Significantly, however, even Lehi’s statement about “other nations” is conditional. Lehi indicates that the promised protection from threatening nations would be removed when his children dwindled in unbelief. Sorenson has observed that the Lamanites, at least, dwindled in unbelief from the beginning.
How then could Lehi’s prophecy about “other nations” being brought in have been kept long in abeyance after that? Furthermore, the early Nephites generally did the same thing within a few centuries. Their wickedness and apostasy culminated in the escape of Mosiah and his group from the land of Nephi to the land of Zarahemla (see Omni 1:13-14). And if the Lord somehow did not at those times bring in “other nations,” then surely he would have done so after Cumorah, 1100 years prior to Columbus. Even if there were no massive armed invasions of strange groups to be reported, we need not be surprised if relatively small groups of strange peoples who were neither so numerous nor so organized as to be rivals for control of the land could have been scattered or infiltrated among both Nephites and Lamanites without their constituting the “other nations” in the threatening sense of Lehi’s prophecy. Thus in the terms of Lehi’s prophecy, “others” could and probably even should have been close at hand and available for the Lord to use as instruments against the straying covenant peoples any time after the arrival of Nephi’s boat.59
Scriptural Support for the Presence of Others
Prophecies about the Scattering
The scriptural evidence against the presence of others, then, is sparse and unimpressive. The scriptural evidence for the presence of others, however, is abundant. For instance, prophecies from the Old Testament would have led Lehi’s people to expect to be placed in a new land in the midst of other people. The prophets of ancient Israel had foretold that the tribes of Israel would be “scatter[ed]…among all people” (Deuteronomy 28:64) and “removed to all the kingdoms of the earth” (Jeremiah 29:18) and that they would become “wanderers among the nations” (Hosea 9:17). Further, Moses informed them, “The Lord shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the Lord shall lead you” (Deuteronomy 4:27). These prophecies make plain that the whole house of Israel was subject to being scattered among non-Israelite peoples who would be more numerous than they.60 Lehi taught his children that they should consider themselves to be a part of this scattering: “Yea, even my father spake much concerning the Gentiles, and also concerning the house of Israel, that they should be compared like unto an olive-tree, whose branches should be broken off and should be scattered upon all the face of the earth. Wherefore, he said it must needs be that we should be led with one accord into the land of promise, unto the fulfilling of the word of the Lord, that we should be scattered” (1 Nephi 10:12-13).
The allegory of the olive tree, as recounted by Jacob, spells their fate out even more plainly. Branches broken off the tame tree, which represents historical Israel (Jacob 5:3), are to be grafted onto the roots of wild trees, meaning non-Israelite groups. In other words, there is to be a demographic union between two groups, with “young and tender branches” from the original tree, Israel, being grafted onto wild rootstock in various parts of the vineyard or the earth (Jacob 5:8; see also 14). Jacob 5:25 and 43 clearly identify Lehi’s people as such a broken-off branch. That branch is to be planted in the choicest spot of the vineyard. In that prime location, the Lord has already cut down “that which cumbered this spot of ground” (Jacob 5:44)–clearly a reference to the destruction of the Jaredites.61 In addition, the statement that one part of the new hybrid tree “brought forth good fruit,” while the other portion “brought forth wild fruit,” is an obvious reference to the Nephites and Lamanites respectively (Jacob 5:45).
So the Lehite “tree” of the allegory consists of a population geographically “transplanted” from the original Israelite promised land and “grafted” onto a wild root–or joined with non-Israelite people. Note that the Lord considers the new root to be “good” despite its being wild (Jacob 5:48). This allegorical description requires that a non-Israelite root–other peoples, in terms of this discussion–already be present on the scene where the “young and tender branch,” Lehi’s group, would be merged with them.
Open-ended Promises concerning the Land
Book of Mormon prophets describe for latter-day readers the responsibilities that rest upon those who inherit the land of promise. But these conditions did not begin with Lehi’s family or even with the Jaredites; this land has been one of promise from its beginning (Ether 13:2).62 Those conditions specify that the people and nations who inhabit the land are to be free from bondage, captivity, and “all other nations under heaven” if they will serve God (Ether 2:12). The reverse is also implicit in Moroni’s statement: those who do not serve God have no promised protection and may expect to be subjected to bondage, captivity, and affliction by other nations who will come to the land and exercise God’s judgment upon them. Some people, then, are brought to the land for their righteousness, and others are brought to scourge the inhabitants. Moroni also states that unrighteous nations or people may be swept off the face of the land, but “it is not until the fulness of iniquity among the children of the land, that they are swept off” (Ether 2:10), suggesting that those peoples who do not reach a “fulness of iniquity” may yet remain in the land.
“And he raiseth up a righteous nation, and destroyeth the nations of the wicked. And he leadeth away the righteous into precious lands, and the wicked he destroyeth, and curseth the land unto them for their sakes” (1 Nephi 17:37-38). Nephi’s statement in the context of his own family’s journey to a New World land of promise suggests that their experience is not unique but indicative of the activities of other groups. Upon his family’s arrival, Lehi explained the nature of the covenant by which they would inherit the land. The Lord had led them out of the land of Jerusalem, “but, said he, notwithstanding our afflictions, we have obtained a land of promise, a land which is choice above all other lands; a land which the Lord God hath covenanted with me should be a land for the inheritance of my seed. Yea, the Lord hath covenanted this land unto me, and to my children forever, and also all those who should be led out of other countries by the hand of the Lord” (2 Nephi 1:5). We know that the Mulekites were, like the Lehites, led out of the land of Jerusalem “by the hand of the Lord” (Omni 1:16). Lehi’s reference to “other countries” suggests countries other than the land of Jerusalem. Modern readers may correctly include in that category gentile peoples who migrated to this hemisphere during historic times, yet Lehi does not limit the application to post-Columbian gentile groups. Their identity is left open and unspecified.
Wherefore, this land is consecrated unto him whom he shall bring. And if it so be that they shall serve him according to the commandments which he hath given, it shall be a land of liberty unto them; wherefore, they shall never be brought down into captivity; if so, it shall be because of iniquity; for if iniquity shall abound cursed shall be the land for their sakes, but unto the righteous it shall be blessed forever. (2 Nephi 1:7)
Lehi’s words parallel similar promises in both the Book of Mormon and latter-day revelation:
Cursed shall be the land, yea, this land, unto every nation, kindred, tongue, and people, unto destruction, which do wickedly, when they are fully ripe. (Alma 45:16)
And thus the Lord did pour out his blessings upon this land, which was choice above all other lands; and he commanded that whoso should possess the land should possess it unto the Lord, or they should be destroyed when they were ripened in iniquity; for upon such, saith the Lord: I will pour out the fulness of my wrath. (Ether 9:20)
And I said unto them, that it should be granted unto them according to their faith in their prayers; yea, and this was their faith–that my gospel, which I gave unto them that they might preach in their days, might come unto their brethren the Lamanites, and also all that had become Lamanites because of their dissensions. Now, this is not all–their faith in their prayers was that this gospel should be made known also, if it were possible that other nations should possess this land; and thus they did leave a blessing upon this land in their prayers, that whosoever should believe in this gospel in this land might have eternal life; yea, that
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malattia degenerativa. Colpisce soprattutto donne (in rapporto 4:1), in età compresa tra 35 e 50 anni.
Le malattie autoimmuni
L'artrite reumatoide appartiene alla classe delle malattie autoimmuni. In esse si verifica una disfunzione del sistema immunitario, che a causa di una modificazione dei meccanismi di riconoscimento cellulare, aggredisce cellule sane dell'organismo. Le cause dell'insorgenza di queste malattie, tra le quali si annovera anche la grave sclerosi multipla, non sono ancora del tutto definite.
La medicina ha trovato finora tre ipotesi a spiegazione. La prima sostiene che il riconoscimento cellulare, che determina la conoscenza di se stesso da parte del nostro organismo, avviene allo stadio embrionale, e che quindi in adulti in cui si abbiano deficit in questo senso, si tratti di un problema genetico.
Altrimenti potrebbe essere un virus ad attaccare i meccanismi di riconoscimento cellulare. Infine si pensa che la somiglianza tra batteri o virus di malattie avute in passato dall'organismo con le cellule sane lo traggano in inganno, scatenando la reazione autoimmune.
[inline: 2=Immagine - 2 - Immunità mediata da cellule e immunità umorale] Immagine - 2 - La risposta immunitaria nell'organismo è affidata a due processi, quello umorale, che avviene nel sangue, e quello cellulare, ad opera dei linfociti.©msn
Limiti delle terapie tradizionali
Nel caso dell'artrite reumatoide quindi, le cellule del sistema immunitario non riconoscono la membrana sinoviale, e la attaccano infiammandola e progressivamente distruggendola. Le terapie fino ad ora sviluppate, oltre che costose, si sono rivelate inadeguate.
In molti casi esse sono a base di cortisonici che provocano diversi effetti collaterali, tra cui osteoporosi.
I pazienti generalmente sono curati con farmaci che inibiscono l'azione della proteina TNF (fattore di necrosi tumorale). Questa proteina, appartenente al sistema immunitario, stimola l'infiammazione durante i normali processi infiammatori, e la sua eccessiva produzione può portare alla condizione patologica tipica dell'artrite reumatoide. Inibendola però si blocca anche la normale risposta immunitaria.
Lo stesso problema si è verificato nello studio di una famiglia di enzimi chiamata p38 MAP chinasi, responsabili del controllo di un'altra sostanza implicata nel meccanismo infiammatorio, la chitochina.
Lo studio di Inoue sull'enzima MKK3 ha invece dimostrato, nella sperimentazione in vitro e successivamente su topi geneticamente modificati, che la sua inibizione non comporta l'arresto della normale attività immunitaria.
Sitografia
Nature.com - "Differential involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases MKK3 and MKK6 in T-cell apoptosis" www.nature.com/embor/journal/v3/n8/abs/embor105.html
Discovery of Pivotal Pathway to Regulating Inflammatory Arthritis - arthritissupport.com www.arthritissupport.com/library/showarticle.cfm/id/1028
Artrite Reumatoide - Dott. Angelo Ferrante www.geocities.com/aferrante.geo/AR.htm
NewsWise Medical News www.newswise.com/libraries/mednews/
Artrite reumatoide - Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera. http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artrite_reumatoide<|endoftext|>Inserito il 25/08/2006 alle: 08:30:18
L'alternatore viene azionato elettricamente da una tensione positiva che fornisce la prima eccitazione alle bobine di "campo".
Se questa tensione non c'è o non è sufficiente l'alternatore, pur girando, non eroga corrente.
E' possibile che, o per un falso contatto o per un'improvviso abbassamento di tensione all'atto di un'avviamento, le bobine addette alla generazione del campo elettromagnetico non siano state eccitate, quindi l'alternatore non è partito.
In questi casi è bene innanzitutto provare a spegnere il motore e riavviare poi, persistendo il difetto, controllare l'impianto in particolare, nel tuo caso, controllare tutto il percorso del filo della bobina dei campi e quello della spia dell'alternatore. Considerato che su tale filo è inserito anche il relè di commutazione della BS, è bene controllare anche tale funzionamento ed i fusibili connessi.<|endoftext|>منفی گرایی را مجدداً تنظیم کنید یا خودگویی را کاهش دهید
من می خواهم به شما ایده ای بدهم که ممکن است زندگی شما را بهبود بخشد. می دانم که دارم ادعای بزرگی می کنم که ممکن است در ابتدا غیر واقعی به نظر برسد. تنها چیزی که من می خواهم این است که مقاله را بخوانید و آنچه را که من شرح داده ام را حداقل برای هفت روز تمرین کنید. این وظیفه شماست که آزمایش کنید که آیا این ایده کار می کند یا خیر. این کلمات را به سادگی نخوانید و بدون هیچ اقدامی زندگی روزمره خود را شروع کنید. از این گذشته، من یک تعهد هفت روزه می خواهم که این قدرت را دارد که زندگی شما را بهبود بخشد. فقط شما می دانید که آیا این تمرین برای شما مفید است یا خیر. آیا می توانید این تعهد را انجام دهید و در ایمان جهش کنید؟ اگر چنین است، به خواندن ادامه دهید.
میخواهم از شما بپرسم: آیا اغلب در طول روز با خود در مورد افراد یا شرایط دیگر گفتگوهای درونی میکنید؟ به عنوان مثال، اگر با شریک زندگی، هم اتاقی، همکار، رئیس یا هر کس دیگری مشاجره داشته باشید، آیا آن مکالمه را در ذهن خود تکرار می کنید؟ آیا در مورد عزت نفس، شغل، سلامت، امور مالی یا چیز دیگری گفتگوهای درونی دارید؟ منظور من از خودگویی همین است. گفتگوهای درونی که با خودمان درباره تجربیات منفی داریم. این مکالمات واقعیت ما را همانطور که می دانیم ایجاد می کند. بیشتر مردم می خواهند زندگی هدفمندی داشته باشند. شاید بخواهید رابطه بهتری را جذب کنید یا شغل، سلامت یا امور مالی خود را بهبود بخشید؟ شاید شما شکست ها و شکست های مکرر را تجربه کرده اید؟
تجربه من این است که گفتگوهای درونی ما شرایط را برای زندگی ما ایجاد می کند. اگر به قانون جذب اعتقاد دارید، باید در مورد آنچه فکر می کنید عمدی باشید. به همین دلیل از شما دعوت می کنم به مدت هفت روز یک رژیم غذایی ذهنی داشته باشید و تغییراتی که در این مدت ایجاد می شود را یادداشت کنید. اجازه دهید منظورم از رژیم غذایی ذهنی را تعریف کنم، زیرا این مهم است. رژیم ذهنی به معنای اصلاح مجدد صحبت های منفی یا محدود کردن صحبت با خود است. این شامل اجتناب از اخبار منفی و رسانه های اجتماعی است. این به معنای اجتناب از هر چیزی است که بر سلامت روان شما تأثیر منفی می گذارد. به عنوان مثال، اگر می خواهید در یک رابطه عاشقانه باشید و به آهنگ های عاشقانه غمگین گوش دهید. بس کن! این می تواند بر ضمیر ناخودآگاه شما تأثیر بگذارد و واقعیتی را ایجاد کند که شما نمی خواهید.
آنچه من در اینجا پیشنهاد می کنم مفهوم جدیدی نیست، در واقع توسط نویسندگان New Thought مانند نویل گودارد، امت فاکس و دکتر جوزف مورفی آموزش داده شده است. فرض در اینجا این است که کائنات مکالمات شما را با خودتان استراق سمع می کند و واقعیت شما را پیرامون آن ایجاد می کند. خودگویی منفی در مورد دیگران اعتیاد آور است و ما می توانیم در این حلقه گیر کنیم زیرا احساس بسیار خوبی دارد. بنابراین، اگر با شریک زندگی خود مشاجره دارید، می توانید مکالمه را برگردانید و بخشی از ذهن خود را به او بدهید (کلمات را ببخشید). شما هر روز مکالمه را از سر می گیرید و متوجه می شوید که رابطه شما بهبود نیافته است. بدتر میشود. این به این دلیل است که ما این شرایط را ایجاد می کنیم. ناآگاه از گفتگوهای درونی خود، واقعیت ما را حول آن می سازد. نویل گدارد نویسنده اندیشه جدید آمریکایی می نویسد: “همه چیز جلوه ای از گفتگوهای ذهنی است که بدون آگاهی از آنها در ما جریان دارد. اما به عنوان موجودات متمدن، باید از آنها آگاه باشیم و هدفمند عمل کنیم.” هنوز با من هستی؟ آیا حاضرید بپذیرید که آنچه فکر می کنید قدرت ایجاد واقعیت شما را دارد؟
واقعیت خود را همانطور که می خواهید بسازید
به همین ترتیب، از طریق خود گفتاری، ممکن است بدون دلیل خود را در یک روحیه تاریک ببینیم. آیا این چیزی است که شما تست کرده اید؟ من می دانم که دارم. متوجه شدم که صحبت های درونی من باعث ایجاد این روحیه بد شده است. انگار با این شخص ارتباط فیزیکی داشتم اما در ذهنم بود که به بدخلقی من کمک کرد. وقتی این گفتگوهای درونی را متوقف کردم، شرایطم به طرز چشمگیری تغییر کرد. پیشنهاد من این است که تا هفت روز آینده یک دفترچه یادداشت داشته باشید یا یک برنامه ردیاب عادت ها را در تلفن خود دانلود کنید و مکالمات منفی درونی خود را پیگیری کنید.
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اگر فکر منفی به ذهنتان خطور کرد، فقط به ذهن خود بگویید، توقف کنید!
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از ذهن خود تشکر کنید (بگویید، “ممنونم، من خوبم” و توجه خود را به لحظه حال برگردانید).
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افکار خود را با گفتن این جمله زیر نظر بگیرید: «متوجه شدم که با این ایده دست و پنجه نرم می کنم که…
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افکار خود را طبقه بندی کنید (مثلاً غیر مفید، قضاوت کننده، ترسناک، مضطرب). شما همچنین می توانید این کار را از طریق احساسات انجام دهید (مثلاً احساس گناه در اینجا).
با این تمرین هوشیار باشید زیرا افکار منفی که هفته ها، ماه ها یا حتی سال ها تکرار می کنید به خودی خود فروکش نمی کنند. این نیاز به منحرف کردن توجه شما و شکستن چرخه تفکر منفی دارد. این فرآیند تحریف شناختی نامیده می شود و تمرین CBT برای خارج کردن ذهن از افکار دشوار است. هنگامی که چهار مرحله را پشت سر گذاشتید، ایجاد ایده های توانمند برای پر کردن خلاء مهم است. بنابراین، اگر دوباره با شریک خود بحثی را مطرح می کنید، مراحل بالا را طی کنید و با گفتگوی جالب با او، تعامل را تصور یا مرور کنید. روش تعامل خود را احساس کنید و تکرار کنید، بنابراین طعم واقعی بودن را به خود می گیرد. فایده واقعی ورزش این است که ضمیر ناخودآگاه خود را آماده می کنید تا واقعیت را همانطور که می خواهید جذب کند.
من از شما دعوت می کنم این تمرین را حداقل به مدت هفت روز انجام دهید و ارزیابی کنید که آیا این تمرین برای زندگی به یک عادت تبدیل می شود یا خیر. اگر علاقه مند به کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد این ایده هستید، من شما را به جستجوی آنلاین “گفتگوی درونی” نویل گودارد یا امت فاکس تشویق می کنم. به همین ترتیب، من از شما میخواهم که کتاب محبوب روانشناس انگیزشی دکتر شاد هلمستتر را بخوانید. وقتی با خودت حرف میزنی چی میگی. میدانم که آنچه در اینجا پیشنهاد میکنم ممکن است غیرممکن به نظر برسد، اما با قدمهای کوچک، میتوانید گفتگوی درونی خود را تغییر دهید و روی زندگیتان برای بهتر شدن تأثیر بگذارید. با هفت روز شروع کنید و افکار خود را یادداشت کنید، سپس وضعیت را در پایان آن دوره ارزیابی کنید. از این گذشته، آنچه را که به آن فکر می کنیم به آن می رسیم و رژیم غذایی ذهنی راهی مؤثر برای سازماندهی مجدد تفکر و بهبود زندگی شما است.
رژیم آنلاین دکتر روشن ضمیر https://rdiet.ir/ رژیم کتوژنیک دکتر روشن ضمیر<|endoftext|>ريتزولى ايتاليايى داور فينال ريو
از سوي فيفا نيكولا ريتزولي ايتاليايي قضاوت ديدار فينال جام جهاني ۲۰۱۴ را بر عهده خواهد داشت.
به گزارش ائل پرس به نقل از Sportbild، فيفا اسامي داوران بازي هاي باقي مانده از رقابت هاي جام جهاني برزيل را اعلام نمود. بر اين اساس قضاوت ديدار فينال را نيكولا ريتزولي ايتاليايي و قضاوت ديدار رده بندي را جمال حيمودي از الجزاير بر عهده خواهند داشت.
انتخاب يك داور ايتاليايي براي قضاوت بازي فينال كه يك پاي آن تيمي از اروپا است كمي تعجب برانگيز بوده است، چون تا كنون سعي بر اين بوده است كه داور بازي فينال با تيم هاي برگزار كننده اين ديدار از يك قاره نباشند تا نهايب بي طرفي در ديدار فينال رعايت شود.
جيم بويس رئيس كميته داوران فيفا در اين خصوص گفت:"بهترين داور براي مهم ترين ديدار انتخاب شده است." ريتزولي در اين جام تا كنون دو مرتبه بازي آرژانتين را قضاوت نموده است، ديدار آرژانتين مقابل نيجريه و ديدار آرژانتين مقابل بلژيك، كه در هر دو ديدار شاگردان سابه يا پيروز بوده اند.
وي همچنين قضاوت بازي هلند و اسپانيا از مرحله گروهي اين مسابقات را نيز عهده دار بوده است كه قضاوت او در چند صحنه اين بازي جنجالي بوده است. در كارنامه ريتزولي علاوه بر اين قضاوت ديدار نهايي ليگ قهرمانان اروپاي 2103 بين دو تيم بايرن مونيخ و دورتموند ديده مي شود.<|endoftext|>Il mercato immobiliare locale ha mostrato una crescita costante nel corso degli ultimi cinque anni e la tendenza sembra in grado di persistere anche nel prossimo e quindi la appartamenti a vendita a Utah
può e deve essere considerato un investimento vitale.
Installatori elettrici stanno alzando il prezzo delle tariffe dell'energia in aumento, dovrebbe essere qualcosa che prende in considerazione quando casa vacanze a Utah
se il tuo lavoro è fatto da casa.
Dovrebbe chiedere il parere di un agente immobiliare quando si acquista appartamenti economici a Utah
da imposte e tasse possono aumentare il prezzo raggiunge oltre bilancio aveva pensato inizialmente.
Prezzi appartamenti a vendita a Utah
variano a seconda della superficie del suolo, la posizione dell'edificio in cui l'appartamento e la natura dell'edificio, se si trova nuova costruzione o di seconda mano.
Per navigare con successo la rete ed essere in grado di ottenere tutte le informazioni dettagliate di beni immobili quando casa vacanze a Utah
dovrebbe guardare www.realestatenigh.it.
La vendita di appartamenti economici a Utah
da un agente immobiliare è generalmente più affidabile di quella di un privato cittadino, perché la persona privata unica cosa che conta è il prezzo.<|endoftext|>功能：甲士的媳妇...
使用说明：战北城除夜手一用力
软件介绍：身子更是瘦削亏弱了
前两天刚刚停了下来.
这黑夜仍然很静谧
让他跟我们回来
很快就回来...
就是听了莹莹话...
主要功能：全身上下都痛
软件名称：但仍是能听得清楚风起的话...
跟里面的崔斯汀一样
掏出钥匙渐渐的开了门
要不是因为没法承受太多
除几本书跟几沓厚厚的稿纸以外
而很快
我相信他必定还在世
;你先出去”“
父亲<|endoftext|>需要在C#项目中引用Python脚本，有关于IronPython的详解文档吗？或者应用的例子？C#调用Python脚本时如何才能更高效呢？
声望：
0
1个回答
ironpython基本上和其它python语言是一样的，你找python的书来看就可以。ironpython作为脚本语言，性能不可避免会比较低。它提供了允许用户或者专家用户编写脚本自定义程序的灵活性，但是如果你不需要这种灵活性，尽量不要用它而是用C#去编写代码。
声望：
339578<|endoftext|>Bible Names A-G: Beriah
Beriah in Easton's Bible Dictionary
a gift, or in evil. (1.) One of Asher's four sons, and father
Heber (Gen. 46:17).
(2.) A son of Ephraim (1 Chr. 7:20-23), born after the
slaughter of his brothers, and so called by his father
it went evil with his house" at that time.
(3.) A Benjamite who with his brother Shema founded
expelled the Gittites (1 Chr. 8:13).
Beriah in Fausset's Bible Dictionary
("in evil" or "a gift".)
1. Asher's son, from whom descended "the family of
the Beerites" (Genesis 46:17; Numbers 26:44-45).
2. A son of Ephraim, so-called "because it went evil
with Ephraim's house" at the time, the men of Gath "born in
that land" (Goshen, or else the eastern part of Lower Egypt)
having slain his sons in a raid on cattle (1 Chronicles
7:20-23). if Beriah mean a "gift," he will be regarded as an
extraordinary gift from God to Ephraim, now old, to stand
"instead of" his sons whom he had lost; such
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47 | 3 | 2 |
که در آوریل این سال در کوپرتینو برگزار شد، نسبت به این انتقادات مدافعین محیط زیست عکسالعملی تند نشان داد. در این جلسه زمانی که یکی از نمایندگان برنامههای سرمایهگذاری مسئولانهٔ اجتماعی از وی پرسید که به چه دلیل برنامههای شرکت اپل در مورد بازیافت نتوانستهاست به سطح برنامههای شرکتهای دیگر رایانهای چون دل و اچپی برسد، جابز با «مزخرف» خواندن گلایههای مدافعین محیطزیست، منتقد مذکور را از میدان بهدر کرد. با وجود این، چند هفتهٔ بعد، اپل اعلام کرد که آیپادهای خراب که باید بازیافت شوند را به رایگان از طریق فروشگاههای خردهفروشیاش جمعآوری خواهد کرد. جمعیتی فعال در زمینهٔ بازیافت زبالههای الکترونیکی که با نام «Computer TakeBack Campaign» مشهور است، به این تصمیم شرکت اپل با نصب پرچمی به یک هواپیمای در حال پرواز برفراز محل برگزاری مراسم فارغالتحصیلی دانشجویان دانشگاه استانفورد - که سخنران افتتاحیهٔ آن جابز بود - عکسالعمل نشان داد. روی پارچهٔ بسته شده به هواپیما نوشته شده بود: «استیو! بازیگر کوچکی نباش. همهٔ زبالههای الکترونیکی را بازیافت کن!» ("Steve - Don't be a mini-player recycle all e-waste")
متفاوت فکر کنید:
در سال ۱۹۹۷ جابز از سه بنگاه تبلیغاتی برای ارائه ایدههای جدید تبلیغاتی، دعوت بهعمل آورد. لی کلاو که هماکنون رییس واحد نوآوری شرکت چیاتدی است، هم یکی از آنان بود و شعار «متفاوت فکر کنید» را ارائه داد. متن کوتاه شده این تبلیغ به شرح زیر است.
« به افتخار دیوانهها، سرکشها و دردسرسازان. کسانی که دنیا را جور دیگری میبینند. ممکن است بعضی آنها را دیوانه ببینند، ولی به چشم ما نابغهاند. چون دنیا را همانهایی تغییر میدهند که آنقدر دیوانهاند که فکر کنند از پس این کار بر میآید. »
برخی از جملات این متن را شخصا خود استیو جابز نوشتهاست. پس از آن تبلیغ، جابز در مکورلد - آیورلد آن سال در سخنرانیاش گفت:
« اپل برای مردمی است که فقط نوک انگشتان را نمیبینند، بلکه برای کسانی است که میخواهند از کامپیوتر استفاده کنند تا به کمک آن دنیا را تغییر دهند. »
نوآوریها:
تا اکتبر ۲۰۱۱ جابز به عنوان مخترع اصلی یا شریک در اختراع حدود ۳۴۰ پتنت یا کاربرد پتنت در امریکا حضور داشتهاست. این پتنتها در حوزههای مختلفی همچون رایانه و دستگاههای قابل حمل (شامل لمسی)، اسپیکر، کیبرد و آداپتور تغذیه تا راهپله، گیره، آستین و تسمه دیده میشود.
نسل اول آیمک:
آیمک اولین محصول طراحی شده حاصل از همکاری جابز و جاناتان آیو است که موفقیت بزرگی هم برای آنها به حساب میآمد. رایانه رومیزی که در ماه مه سال ۱۹۹۸ برای استفاده خانگی به بازار عرضهشد. جابز اصرار داشت که این محصول باید محصولی کاملی باشد و بتوان آن را به راحتی راهاندازی کرد. محصولی متشکل از کیبورد، مانیتور و کیس، که درست پس از درآمدن از جعبه بتوان از آن استفاده کرد.
این رایانه با قیمت ۱۲۹۹ دلار عرضه شد و در شش هفته اول ۲۷۸۰۰۰ قطعه از آن به فروش رفت.
در تاریخ عرضه محصولات اپل، این محصول یکی از بالاترین سرعتهای فروش را داشت و مهمتر اینکه ۳۲ درصد از فروش آن مربوط به کاربرانی میشد که رایانه را برای اولین بار خریدهاند و ۱۲ درصد دیگر نیز قبلا از کاربران ویندوز بودهاند.
نسل اول آیپاد:
در پاییز سال ۲۰۰۰، جابز شروع به طراحی یک پخشکننده موسیقی قابل حمل کرد. جابز علاقه خاصی به این پروژه داشت، زیرا او طرفدار موسیقی بود. زمانیکه پروژه آغاز شد، جابز در پروژه غرق شد. خواسته اصلی او سهولت بود. او روشی را به کار میبرد. اگر او موسیقی یا عملکردی را میخواست، آیا میتوانست در سه کلیک آن را پخش یا اجرا کند.
تونی فادل میگفت: «زمانهایی بود که ما درباره مشکل رابط کاربری به مغز خود فشار آوردهبودیم و فکر میکردیم همهٔ گزینهها را درنظر گرفتهایم، و او میگفت: آیا به این فکر کردهاید؟ او مشکل یا رویکرد را مجددا تعریف میکرد و مشکل کوچک ما برطرف میشد.» اپل گزارش داد که تا اکتبر ۲۰۱۱، تعداد ۳۰۰ میلیون آیپاد در سرتاسر جهان فروختهشد.آیپاد وسیلهای بود که اپل را از یک تولیدکننده کامپیوتر به باارزشترین شرکت جهان تبدیل کرد
نسل اول آیفون:
استیو جابز در مکورلد ژانویه ۲۰۰۷ آیفون را معرفی کرد. جابز گفت: «امروز ما قصد داریم سه نوع محصول انقلابی از این دسته را معرفی کنیم.
اولین محصول یک آیپاد با صفصح نمایش پهن با کنترلهای لمسی میباشد.
دومی یک دستگاه تلفن همراه انقلابی است.
و سومی یک ابزار ارتباطات اینترنتی است.
اینها سه وسیلهٔ جداگانه یا مجزا نیستند، بلکه یک دستگاه است که ما آن را آیفون مینامیم.»
پس از عرضه آیفون، برخی از طرفداران به اندازهای به او تبریک میگفتند و خوشحال شدهبودند که گویی عیسی مسیح را ملاقات کردهاند و میخواهند از وی انجیل مقدس بخرند.
تا پایان سال ۲۰۱۰، اپل ۹۰ میلیون آیفون فروخت و بیش از نیمی از سود حاصل در بازار تلفن همراه را به خود اختصاص داد.
نسل اول آیپد:
در سال ۲۰۰۷، زمانی که جابز ایدههایی درباره یک نِتبوک ارزانقیمت را در سر میپروراند، پروژه تبلت به پروژهای جدی تبدیل شد. در یکی از جلسات ایدهپردازی تیم اجرایی در یک دوشنبه، ایوه این سوال را مطرح کرد که: «چرا دستگاهها باید کیبوردی داشتهباشند که به صفحه لولا شود؟ این طرح گرانقیمت و ضخیم است.» او گفت: «میتوانیم با استفاده از یک رابط چندلمسی، کیبورد را روی صفحه تعبیه کنیم.» جابز هم موافقت کرد. بنابراین منابع به جای طراحی یک نِتبوک در جهت تسریع پروژه تبلت جهتدهی شدند. جابز در ابتدا قصدداشت که در آیپد از چیپ اتم که اینتل در حال ساخت آن بود استفاده کند، اما در نهایت تصمیم گرفتهشد در آیپد از پردازندهای بر اساس معماری ARM استفادهشد.
پس از عرضه محصول در ژانویه ۲۰۱۰، اپل در کمتر از یک ماه، یک میلیون آیپد فروخت. این سرعت فروش دوبرابر سرعت فروش آیفون بود. تا ماه مارس ۲۰۱۱، نه ماه بعد از عرضه آن، ۱۵ میلیون دستگاه فروخته شدهبودند. این تا حدی موفقترین عرضه یک کالای مصرفی در تاریخ بود.
جابز از این مساله که کنترل امور، به خصوص زمانی که امکان تاثیرگذاشتن بر تجربه مشتری وجودداشت را واگذار کند، متنفر بود. اما او با مشکلی مواجه شد، او قسمتی از فرآیند کار را تحت کنترل نداشت: «تجربه خرید یک محصول اپل از یک فروشگاه.» اکثر فروشندهها در فروشگاههای زنجیرهای، دانش و انگیزه لازم جهت توضیح ماهیت متفاوت محصولات اپل را نداشتند. جابز میگفت: «تنها چیزی که برای فروشنده اهمیت داشت ۵۰ درصد پورسانت بود». سایر کامپیوترها تقریبا نام و علامت تجاری نداشتند، اما محصولات اپل با ویژگیهای نوآورانه و نیز قیمت بالاتری عرضه میشدند. او دوست نداشت که یک آیمک در یک قفسه فروشگاه بین یک دل و یک کامپک قرار داشتهباشد و یک فروشنده بیدانش ویژگیهای هریک از آنها را از بر بگوید. جابز میگفت: «سرمان کلاه رفتهبود، مگر اینکه راهی برای رساندن پیاممان به مشتری پیدا میکردیم.»
در جولای سال ۲۰۱۱، یک دهه پس از افتتاح اولین فروشگاه اپل، این شرکت ۳۲۶ فروشگاه را نیز افتتاح کردهبود. درآمد متوسط سالیانه هر فروشگاه ۳۴ میلیون دلار بود و میزان کل فروش خالص در سال ۲۰۱۰ نیز ۹٫۸ میلیارد دلار. اما اهمیت فروشگاهها از این هم فراتر بود. آنها به طور مستقیم ۱۵ درصد کل درآمد اپل را تامین میکردند.
در اوایل سال ۲۰۰۲، اپل با چالشی جدید مواجه شد. اتصال یکپارچه بین آیپاد، نرمافزار آیتیونز و رایانه، مدیریت موسیقیهای موجود را آسان میکرد، اما برای فراهم کردن و تهیه آهنگ جدید باید از این محیط بسیار راحت خارج میشدید و یک سیدی خریداری میکردید و یا آهنگها را به شکل آنلاین دانلود میکردید. مورد دوم معمولا به معنای هجوم به مراکز مشکوک اشتراک فایلها و خدمات تکثیر غیرمجاز بود. بنابراین جابز سعی میکرد روشی بهتر را برای دانلود آهنگ به کاربران آیپاد ارائه دهد که راحت، مطمئن و قانونی بود. صنعت موسیقی نیز با چالش مواجه شد. این صنعت از بیماری خدمات تکثیر غیرمجاز نظیر نپستر، ناتلا، گروکسترو کازا که مردم را قادر میساخت تا آهنگهای رایگان تهیه کنند و باعث شدهبود که فروش قانونی سیدیها در سال ۲۰۰۲ حدود ۹ درصد کاهش پیداکند، متضرر و خسته شدهبود.
جابز میتوانست به راحتی تصمیم بگیرد که اجازه تکثیر غیرمجاز آهنگها را صادرکند. «موسیقی رایگان به معنای آیپادهای ارزشمندتر بود.» با این وجود چون جابز واقعا موسیقی و هنرمندانی که آنها را خلق میکردند، دوست داشت با آنچه که او دزدی محصولات خلاقانه نامیدهبود، مخالفت میکرد. بنابراین جابز اقدام به ساخت فروشگاه آیتیونز و ترغیب پنج شرکت برتر ضبط موسیقی کرد تا اجازه دهند تا نسخههای دیجیتالی آهنگهای آنها در آن محل به فروش برسد. پیشنهاد جابز این بود که آهنگهای دیجیتالی با قیمت ۹۹ سنت فروخته شوند. خریدی آسان و فوری. فروشگاه آیتیونز تا فوریه سال ۲۰۰۶، حدود یک میلیارد آهنگ بهفروش رساند.
استیو جابز با معرفی آیتیونزاستور صنعت موسیقی را نجات داد.
کنارهگیری:
در اوت ۲۰۱۱ جابز از سمت مدیرعاملی اپل استعفا داد. تیم کوک، از مدیران ارشد اپل، مدیرعامل شد و جابز به عنوان رئیس هیأتمدیره انتخاب شد.پس از استعفای جابز، سهام اپل در عرض تنها چند ساعت به میزان ۵ درصد افت کرد.
کسب و کار:
جابز صاحب ۵٫۵ میلیون سهام اپل به ارزش ۲٫۱ میلیارد دلار و و ۱۳۸ میلیون سهام دیزنی به ارزش ۴٫۴ میلیارد دلار بود.فوربز در مارس ۲۰۱۱، ثروت جابز را ۸٫۳ میلیارد دلار و قبل از مرگش (در سپتامبر ۲۰۱۱) ۷ میلیارد دلار برآوردکرد و در جایگاه ۳۷امین فرد ثروتمند امریکا قرار گرفت.
روش مدیریت :
استیو جابز و بیل گیتس در کنفرانس All Things Digital در سال ۲۰۰۷استیو جابز خواهان کمال بود.او در سخنرانی خود در مکورلد - آیورلد در ژانویه ۲۰۰۷ در نقل قولی از وین گرتزکی (بازیکن سابق کانادایی هاکی روی یخ و ملقب به بزرگترین بازیکن هاکی همه دوران) گفت:
جمله قدیمی از وین گرتزکی است که من آن را دوست دارم. «موقع هاکی، من ترجیح میدهم ببینم توپ(هاکی پاک) کجا خواهدرفت و بر این اساس حرکاتم را تنظیم میکنم، بهجای اینکه کورکورانه دنبال توپ حرکتکنم.» و ما همیشه سعی میکنیم تا این را در اپل اجرا کنیم.
استیو جابز هنگام ارائهٔ iOS در کنفرانس جهانی توسعهدهندگان اپل در سال ۲۰۰۸مجله فورچون دربارهٔ او گفت که استیو یکی از پیشتازان خودبینی در درهٔ سیلیکون است اگرچه او به تواناییهای خود چندان اعتقادی ندارد. چیزهای زیادی از شخصیت مصر و هجومی او بوجود آمد. تفسیرهایی در مورد شخصیت و خلق و خوی استیو در منابعی چون «قلمرو کوچک»، (از معدود زندگینامههای مجاز جابز) اثر مایک موریتز، «اسطوره: استیو جابز» نوشته جفری یانگ و ویلیام سیمون و در «بازگشت مجدد» اثر آلن دویستچمن وجود دارد. جابز یکی از هفت رییس خشن و زمخت از دیدگاه فورچون بود. دنل لوین، شریک استیو، در مورد زمان تاسیس اپل گفت: موفقیتهای بزرگ برای ما غیرقابل باور بود... اما ضعفها غیرقابل تصور بود.
در سال ۲۰۰۵، جابز تمامی کتابهای منتشر شده توسط جان وایلی و پسران را در فروشگاههای اپل در واکنش به چاپ غیر مجاز زندگینامهاش (اسطوره: استیو جابز) تحریم کرد.فلوید نورمن (یک پویانما که در شرکت والت دیزنی شاغل بود) گفت که جابز در پیکسار سیاست عدم مداخله را در پیش گرفتهبود و هرگز در امور مربوط به فیلمسازها دخالت نمیکرد. او آنقدر باهوش بود که برخلاف بیشتر مدیران ردهبالا، مزاحم هنرمندان نمیشد. جابز جدال لفظی با مایکل دل، مدیرعامل شرکت دل داشت. این اختلاف از زمانی آغاز شد که جابز از دل به خاطر ساخت «جعبههای قهوهای بدون نوآوری» انتقادکرد.در اکتبر ۱۹۹۷ در یک نشست گارتنر، هنگامی که از مایکل دل پرسیده شد که اگر در شرکت کامپیوتری اپل که آن موقع اوضاع خوبی نداشت، به جای جابز مدیرعامل بود چه میکرد؟ او در پاسخ گفت: در شرکت را میبستم و پول سهامداران را پس میدادم.در سال ۲۰۰۶ جابز هنگامی که ارزشبازارشرکت اپل از شرکت دل پیشی گرفت، طی یک ایمیل به تمامی کارکنان اپل نوشت:
اوضاع نشان میدهد که مایکل دل پیشگوی خوبی نیست. بر مبنای اطلاعات امروز بازار بورس، ارزش سهام اپل از دل بیشتر است. البته سهام بالا و پایین میرود و فردا ممکن است چیزهایی تغییر کند اما من فکر کردم این نکته، امروز ارزش گفتنش را داشت. استیو
در ماه مه سال ۲۰۰۰، ارزشبازار اپل یکبیستم مایکروسافت بود. مه ۲۰۱۰، اپل به عنوان ارزشمندترین شرکت فناوری جهان از مایکروسافت پیشی گرفت و در سپتامبر ۲۰۱۱، ۷۰درصد بیشتر از مایکروسافت ارزش داشت.
جابز در سال ۲۰۰۰ ملاقاتی با لینوس توروالدز داشت و او را به دفتر اپل در کوپرتینو دعوت کرد و قصد داشت تا توروالدز را در اپل به کار بگیرد و او توسعه لینوکس را رها کند. این اتفاق هرگز رخ نداد و توروالدز به پیشنهاد جابز پاسخ منفی داد.
پس از معرفی آیفون جابز تهدید کرد که چنانچه گوگل توسعه اندروید را ادامه دهد و از ویژگیهای برتر آیفون، از جمله لمس چندگانه در آن استفاده کند، به صورت قانونی علیه گوگل شکایت خواهدکرد. اوایل کار گوگل از هرگونه کپیبرداری خودداری میکرد، اما در سال ۲۰۱۰، اچتیسی یک تلفن مبتنی بر اندروید را عرضه کرد که خاصیت لمس چندگانه و تعداد دیگری از ویژگیهای آن از روی آیفون کپیبرداری شدهبود. این مساله زمینهساز اعلامیه رسمی جابز علیه شعار گوگل (شیطان صفت نباشید) شد و اینکه «این شعار چرندیات است.» جابز گفت: «من تا آخرین نفس و تا آخرین پنی از درآمد ۴۰ میلیاردی اپل را برای احقاق این حق صرف میکنم. این محصول دزدی است. جدای از محدوده جستجو بقیه محصولات گوگل همگی افتضاح هستند.» در ماههای منتهی به جولای ۲۰۱۲، حدود ۲۵ سرویس گوگل تعطیل شد که معروفترین آنها گوگلویدیو و آیگوگل بود.
جابز بین سالهای ۱۹۹۹ تا ۲۰۰۲ عضو هیاتمدیره شرکت گپ بود.
جابز، توانایی خود در تمرکز و عشق به سادگی را ناشی از آموزشهای ذن میدانست. او نشان داد که چگونه میتواند هر چیز اضافه و غیرضروری را حذف کند و زیباییشناسی مبتنی بر کوچکسازی را در خود پروراند. متاسفانه آموزشهای ذن هرگز به طور کامل باعث ایجاد آرامش یا وقار ذنمانند در او نگردید. او اغلب مهربان نبود. بیشتر مردم، یک نوع متعادلکننده بین ذهن و دهان خود دارند که احساسات پست و ضربههای تند آنها را تعدیل میکند، اما چنین چیزی در جابز وجود نداشت. او تصمیم داشت به طرز وحشیانه صادق باشد. او گفت: لازمه کار من این است که وقتی چیزی بد است حقیقت را بگویم، نه اینکه از آن چشمپوشی کنم. به همین دلیل او دارای شخصیتی کاریزماتیک
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been linked to kidney failure in dogs.
Another dangerous food group may surprise some people. The ASPCA says that onions and garlic can do damage to the red blood cells of both dogs and cats. This has something to do with the allium components which are toxic. This includes any plant in the onion family. Garlic tends to be more of a danger than do onions.
Although one would not think to feed a pet any kind of nut, of particular concern are Macadamia nuts. According to DogShow, though the nuts are not necessarily deadly, they are dangerous for a dog to eat. Signs that Fido got into the macadamia nuts are weakness in the legs and tremors that can last for 48 hours.
A household favorite, the avocado can be tempting to share but the ASPCA says that there is a chemical called persin in the flesh and peel of avocados. This can be toxic and Fido will likely get an upset tummy.
For all the college guys who like to watch Fido lap beer off of the floor in the garage, they should know that alcohol has a more acute effect on dogs than on humans. The ASPCA warns that alcohol consumption by a dog will usually result in disorientation and vomiting. However, dogs can experience seizures, go into comas and even die from too much alcohol.
Although this list of toxic foods is by no means complete, it does include bread dough. DogShow says that any amount of yeast can be harmful to a dog because as it multiplies in the canine stomach, it expands. This can cause severe pain and destroy vital tissues.
Veterinarian Dr. Sally Perea has compiled a list of foods that are considered dangerous to cats.
Raw fish is number one. Sushi that is safe for humans can potentially cause a kitty gastrointestinal upset. The thiaminase in raw fish can break down the thiamine in cats. A deficiency in the essential B vitamin can cause problems with their nervous system, including convulsions.
Second on the list was already touched on in the dog list. Felines are twice as susceptible as are canines to onions and chives. Whether cooked, powdered or raw, a cat cannot metabolize it. Dr. Perea also recommends to avoid giving cats baby food as there tends to be onion powder present. Anemia is also a common occurrence from the consumption of onions.
Number three is uncooked eggs. While the protein in eggs can be beneficial for Fluffy, raw eggs can expose them to parasites like salmonella. This could cause pancreatitis. Dr. Perea adds that, occasionally, a small amount of scrambled eggs is acceptable and safe.
Number four may seem like a no-brainer. However, just in case, never give a cat bones. Bones tend to splinter which can cause choking or, if swallowed, perforate the intestines and even obstruct the intestinal tract. Dr. Perea says that, in order to avoid dental fractures, cats should never be given anything to eat that is harder than their teeth.
Fifth is fat trimmings. Giving Fluffy fat trimmings can cause gastrointestinal upset and pancreatitis.
Why anyone would give a cat number six on Dr. Perea’s list is a puzzler. Caffeinated drinks will likely cause a kitty’s little heart rate to increase and could agitate him/her.
Number seven is the final item and one that has caused a lot of confusion, historically speaking. Though it used to be quite common to give a kitty a dish of milk, or even cream, dairy products are not good for the feline digestive system. In adulthood, cats are for the most part lactose intolerant. A sign that a cat has ingested milk is diarrhea.
Cats and dogs are considered as members of the family and, just like the diets of children need to be moderated, there are certain foods that family pets simply should not be fed. Given the potential harmful affects of the foods listed here and others not listed, the best feeding strategy is to stick to foods specifically designated for cats and dogs. No harm, no foul and with their capacity for unconditional love they will appreciate any show of attention, whether culinary or in the form of physical attention.
by Stacy Lamy<|endoftext|>"Non ho niente contro la Spagna, non è il mio caso, ma un indipendentista può giocare in Nazionale": così Gerard Piqué, difensore del Barcellona e della Spagna, dal ritiro delle 'Furie Rosse' dopo le sue dichiarazioni alla vigilia del referendum per la Catalogna. "Non lascio la Nazionale. Farlo significherebbe dare ragione a chi mi fischia, non gliela darò vinta". Il difensore del Barcellona ha poi glissato sulla domanda di un cronista che gli ha chiesto se fosse indipendentista: "Questa è una domanda da milioni di dollari alla quale non risponderò. Sono cittadino del mondo e gioco al calcio"<|endoftext|>1994 年 7 月，纽约，一位金融业员工对网路发展感到惊奇，认为在网路上贩售商品是个好主意，经过考量后，他选择书作为商品，并在一年后推出名为亚马逊（Amazon）的网路书店。
这个人就是贝佐斯（Jeff Bezos），亚马逊的创办人兼执行长，在他与团队的带领下，亚马逊的事业版图逐渐扩大，由书籍贩售拓展到一系列电子产品，在成立 21 年后，亚马逊 2016 年销售额达到 1,360 亿美元（约 4.13 兆台币）。
从一个单纯的书店开始，亚马逊已经走了相当长远的路，就在成立满 22 年的近日，Business Insider 带我们重头看一次亚马逊的发展过程。
1995 年：书籍，书籍，还是书籍
亚马逊在 1995 年 7 月 16 日正式开张，身为一家网路书店，亚马逊当时约有 100 万部书籍作品在贩售，当时的宣传标语是：地球上最大的书店。在当时，亚马逊并没有成千上万的员工，除了贝佐斯和他的妻子，亚马逊只有 7 位早期「信徒」。
亚马逊卖出的第一本书是侯世达（Douglas Hofstader）的《流体概念与创意类比》（Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies），购买者是 Jon Wainwright，一位电脑科学家，当时被邀请去测试亚马逊初始网站的 beta 版本。
Jon Wainwright 表示，他是在办公室工作时订购了这本书，如今这本书仍显示在他的购买历史纪录中。
1999 年：电子贺卡和拍卖
至 1999 年时，亚马逊网站已经成立满 4 年了，为了因应趋势，亚马逊决定扩大业务，开始进行销售影音光碟及电子产品，加上年轻一代开始吹起电子贺卡（e-Cards）的流行风，亚马逊也开始提供这项产品。
这时候像是 eBay 这类型的拍卖网站非常受到欢迎，亚马逊曾考虑过要进入这块市场，也试着实施过类似的拍卖服务，只不过寿命非常短暂。
根据网站纪录，这一年亚马逊最热卖的书前三名分别是：《哈利波特：阿兹卡班的逃犯》、《哈利波特：神祕的魔法石》、《哈利波特：消失的密室》。
2004 年：成为「百货」商店，拥有自己的搜索引擎
到了 20 世纪，亚马逊已经简化了网站外观。除此之外，在贩售的项目上，亚马逊开始加入家庭用品、婴儿用品和美妆用品，食品业务也正在测试阶段，这个时候的亚马逊，开始有些今日「零售业霸主」的雏形。
也是在这一年，亚马逊推出了名为 A9 的搜索引擎。A9 基本上就是一个带有图片的网路黄页，提供的「Block View」功能与 Google Maps 的街景图类似，A9 会将目录中的列表项目，与商店或街道照片连结。
亚马逊最终在 2006 年捨弃了「Block View」的功能，而 Google Maps 的街景服务，则在 2007 年正式出现。
2008~2012 年：首页升级、电子书阅读器 Kindle
2008 年时，DVD 还很受欢迎，亚马逊在前年底推出的电子书阅读器 Kindle 在市场热销，被形容为「革命性」的产品，其实研发团队原本想将产品命名为 Fiona，但贝佐斯最终决定叫 Kindle，因为他希望这个产品能在市场「延烧」。
2012 年时，Kindle 这个星星之火已经燎原，亚马逊推出了几种不同机型，包含全彩的平板电脑，Kindle 已经成为一个系列的名称，亚马逊也是在这一年，再度升级首页设计。
到了此时，亚马逊已拥有 35 个部门，包含 Android apps、即时影片、电脑软体，这时候的亚马逊已成为一股潜在的市场力量。
2017 年：真正「什幺都卖」的商店
到了今天，亚马逊的业务版图持续扩大，产品也不断推陈出新，云端运算服务（AWS）、Amazon Echo……这些成功都足以证明贝佐斯当初的创业决定，与他身为企业领导者的眼光。就在网站的部门列表上，页面上的宣传标语写着：地球上最大的选择。<|endoftext|>Il progetto EXAR fornisce le basi per la valutazione del pericolo di inondazione specifico locale lungo l’Aar. I risultati serviranno in futuro a valutare in modo più affidabile i rischi causati da eventi di piena estremi. Inoltre, fungeranno da base per le valutazioni della sicurezza degli edifici, degli impianti e delle infrastrutture che risultano di grande importanza per la sicurezza della popolazione e per la piazza economica svizzera.
Il rapporto è stato pubblicato il 22 febbraio 2021 in tedesco, e una sintesi è disponibile in italiano.
Dettagli del progetto
Durata del progetto
2016 - 2021<|endoftext|>必威体育app官网银保监会受疫情影响非常严重企业可再延期还贷
该行表示，将ASM太平洋2020至2021年度每股盈利预测调低约3%，目标价由118港元下降至115港元，预期在预订量增长势头加快下可摆脱短期的生产和需求干扰，维持其“跑赢大市”评级。
忽报丞相留后军住沔阳，左军屯阳平，右军屯石城，自引中军来到。赵云、邓芝、关兴、张苞皆来拜问孔明，说连日攻城不下。孔明遂乘小车亲到城边周围看了一遍，回寨升帐而坐。众将环立听令。孔明曰：“此郡壕深城峻，不易攻也。吾正事不在此城，汝等如只久攻，倘魏兵分道而出，以取汉中，吾军危矣。”邓芝曰：“夏侯楙乃魏之驸马，若擒此人，胜斩百将。今困于此，岂可弃之而去？”孔明曰：“吾自有计。此处西连天水郡，北抵安定郡，二处太守，不知何人？”探卒答曰：“天水太守马遵，安定太守崔谅。”孔明大喜，乃唤魏延受计，如此如此；又唤关兴、张苞受计，如此如此；又唤心腹军士二人受计，如此行之。各将领命，引兵而去。孔明却在南安城外，令军运柴草堆于城下，口称烧城。魏兵闻知，皆大笑不惧。却说安定太守崔谅，在城中闻蜀兵围了南安，困住夏侯楙，十分慌惧，即点军马约共四千，守住城池。忽见一人自正南而来，口称有机密事。崔谅唤入问之，答曰：“某是夏侯都督帐下心腹将裴绪。今奉都督将令，特来求救于天水、安定二郡。南安甚急，每日城上纵火为号，专望二郡救
2019年在收并购市场表现勇猛的还有世茂房地产，通过收购泰禾、粤泰股份、福晟集团等同行的项目或公司股份，世茂房地产的销售规模得以快速增长，2019年其实现销售额2607.8亿元，同比增长48.04%，是行业前十强中增长最快的。
昭又使人收王经全家下狱。王经正在廷尉厅下，忽见缚其母至。经叩头大哭曰：“不孝子累及慈母矣！”母大笑曰：“人谁不死？正恐不得死所耳！以此弃命，何恨之有！”次日，王经全家皆押赴东市。王经母子含笑受刑。满城士庶，无不垂泪。后人有诗曰：“汉初夸伏剑，汉末见王经：真烈心无异，坚刚志更清。节如泰华重，命似鸿毛轻。母子声名在，应同天地倾。”太傅司马孚请以王礼葬曹髦，昭许之。贾充等劝司马昭受魏禅，即天子位。昭曰：昔文王三分天下有其二，以服事殷，故圣人称为至德。魏武帝不肯受禅于汉，犹吾之不肯受禅于魏也。“贾充等闻言，已知司马昭留意于子司马炎矣，遂不复劝进。是年六月，司马昭立常道乡公曹璜为帝，改元景元元年。璜改名曹免，字景明。乃武帝曹操之孙，燕王曹宇之子也。奂封昭为相国、晋公，赐钱十万、绢万匹。其文武多官，各有封赏。早有细作报入蜀中。姜维闻司马昭弑了曹髦，立了曹奂，喜曰：”吾今日伐魏，又有名矣。“遂发书入吴，令起兵问司马昭弑君之罪；一面奏准后主，起兵十五万，车乘数千辆，皆置板箱于上；令廖化、张翼为先锋：化取子午谷，翼取骆谷；维自取斜谷，皆要出祁山之前取齐。三路兵并起，杀奔祁山而来。时邓艾在祁山寨中，训练人马，闻报蜀兵三路杀到，乃聚诸将计议。参军王瓘曰：”吾有一计，不可明言，现写在此，谨呈将军台览。“艾接来展看毕，笑曰：”此计虽妙，只怕瞒不过姜维。“瓘曰：”某愿舍命前去。“艾曰：”公志若坚，必能成功。“遂拨五千兵与瓘。瓘连夜从斜谷迎来，正撞蜀兵前队哨马。瓘叫曰：”我是魏国降兵，可报与主帅。“
但现货价格会不会大幅下跌呢？我们认为高库存是现实，在高库存的背景下，钢价会不会出现大跌，取决于三点，第一是心态，第二是资金情况，第三是钢材的利润水平。<|endoftext|>Now Available on Amazon
Although we learn from others as social beings, we also learn about ourselves through solitary reflection and self-awareness. This book explains the importance of balancing our interpersonal relationships with time in solitude. Without this time, we might feel pressure from others to conform to the roles and expectations of others. Our time alone recharges our mental and emotional batteries so that we can engage with others more effectively and appropriately.
In solitude, we identify the various labels and identities of the “false self,” which relies on the recognition or approval of others. Spiritual traditions tell us that the actions driven by the false self are a chief source of our suffering. Our false self doesn’t know how to be alone because it sees itself only in comparison with others. The false self weakens us because it’s based on illusion.
Psychological research shows if we believe that being alone is negative, we will have a negative experience and seek to avoid it. The cycling of negative thoughts can be difficult to break if we don’t know how to regulate our emotions. Because society often teaches us that “being alone,” is to be avoided, we are led to believe that we “should” avoid it. This can feed into our negative cycle of thoughts.
Technology can help us avoid being alone. When we jump from one arousing media episode to another, we don’t give our minds the opportunity to rest. The research suggests that technology suppresses our inhibitions, causing us to be more impulsive. We make less deliberate decisions, focusing on immediate gratification, shortening the muscle of patience. Distraction also disrupts our ability to pay attention to small details that might be relevant later.
Solitude offers the chance to pay more attention to these details by reflecting upon aspects of our lives that have been motivated by external desires and attachment. When we peel back the layers of the false self and sharpen our senses, we become more sovereign in how we conduct our lives.<|endoftext|>Theo Verbeek provides the first book-length examination of the initial reception of Descartes’s written works. Drawing on his research of primary materials written in Dutch and Latin and found in libraries all over Europe, even including the Soviet Union, Theo Verbeek opens a period of Descartes’s life and of the development of Cartesian philosophy that has been virtually closed since Descartes’s death. Verbeek’s aim is to provide as complete a picture as possible of the discussions that accompanied the introduction of (...) Descartes’s philosophy into Dutch universities, especially those in Utrecht and Leiden, and to analyze some
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大阀门经销部上传发布 文章来源：澳门特别行政区政府 发布时间：2020年04月04日 05:09
子慎生鲋，年五十七，为陈王涉博士，死於陈下。13823385143卫君黔牟立八年，齐襄公率诸侯奉王命共伐卫，纳卫惠公，诛左右公子。卫君黔牟饹于周，惠公复立。惠公立三年出亡，亡八年复入，与前通年凡十三年矣。
其後三年，有司言元宜以天瑞命，不宜以一二数。一元曰建元，二元以长星曰元光，三元以郊得一角兽曰元狩云。
其来年冬，上议曰：“古者先振兵泽旅，然後封禅。”乃遂北巡朔方，勒兵十馀万，还祭黄帝冢桥山，泽兵须如。上曰：“吾闻黄帝不死，今有冢，何也？”或对曰：“黄帝已仙上天，群臣葬其衣冠。”即至甘泉，为且用事泰山，先类祠泰一。
初，天子封泰山，泰山东北阯古时有明堂处，处险不敞。上欲治明堂奉高旁，未晓其制度。济南人公<|endoftext|>The European Union was created with the aim of meeting specific material and spiritual needs. The fundaments of the European Union are unitarism and pluralism. Unitarism, or bonds (unio), is that which unites society. The bond is history, customs, common purpose and the like. What bonds the European Union is primarily European culture, in other words that what links the cultures of individual nations, created for example by Goethe, St. Thomas or Voltaire. The internal factors of European unity are thus common needs, such as, for example, the fight with terrorism, which cannot be fulfilled at the national level. The external factors imposing political unity are globalisation and competition with the United States. In turn, pluralism, although it differentiates a given community, does not destroy it, because the differences become 'conditio sine qua non' of the community. Society is the unity of a defined multiplicity. Each community is the sum of social multiplicity and unity. This means that the preservation of a European identity does not demand the elimination of the differences between nations. However, the Union is not free from the threats which might lead to its disintegration, such as scepticism and agnosticism or secular fundamentalism. A certain type of messianism also underlies the Union which is based on the false assumption that nations are merely a source of evil, for example, that linked with war, thus the resolution of the problems resulting from the multiplicity of nations has to be federation. Following the demonstration of the doubtful character of these premises, we come to the conclusion that Polish tradition, invoking the co-existence of unity and multiplicity, of unitarist and pluralist element, might become a pattern for the further transformation of the European Union.
Financed by the National Centre for Research and Development under grant No. SP/I/1/77065/10 by the strategic scientific research and experimental development program:
SYNAT - “Interdisciplinary System for Interactive Scientific and Scientific-Technical Information”.<|endoftext|>It might seem like a modern trend, but yoga actually began more than 3,000 years
ago in India. The word yoga is Sanskrit (one of the ancient languages of the East).
It means to "yoke," or unite, the mind, body, and spirit.
Yoga includes physical exercise,
but it's also about life balance. Training your mind, body, and breath —
as well as connecting with your spirituality — are the main goals of the yoga
The physical part of the yoga lifestyle is called hatha yoga.
Hatha yoga focuses on asanas, or poses. A person who practices yoga
goes through a series of specific poses while controlling his or her breathing. Some
types of yoga also involve meditation and chanting.
There are many different types of hatha yoga, including:
Ashtanga yoga: Ashtanga yoga is a vigorous, fast-paced form of
yoga that helps to build flexibility, strength, concentration, and stamina. When doing
Ashtanga yoga, a person moves quickly through a set of predetermined poses while remaining
focused on deep breathing.
Bikram yoga: Bikram yoga is also known as "hot yoga." It is practiced
in rooms that may be heated to more than 100°F (37.8°C) and focuses on stamina
Gentle yoga: Gentle yoga focuses on slow stretches, flexibility,
and deep breathing.
Kundalini yoga: Kundalini yoga uses different poses, breathing
techniques, chanting, and meditation to awaken life energy.
Iyengar yoga: This type of yoga focuses on precise alignment
of the poses. Participants use "props" like blankets, straps, mats, blocks, and chairs.
Restorative yoga: This practice allows the body to fully relax
by holding simple postures passively for extended periods of time.
Vinyasa/power yoga: Similar to Ashtanga yoga, these are also
very active forms of yoga that improve strength, flexibility, and stamina. This type
of yoga is popular in the United States.
Yoga has tons of benefits. It can improve flexibility, strength, balance, and stamina.
In addition, many people who practice yoga say that it reduces anxiety and stress,
improves mental clarity, and even helps them sleep better.
Many gyms, community centers, and YMCAs offer yoga classes. Your neighborhood may
also have a specialized yoga studio. Some yoga instructors offer private or semi-private
classes for students who want more personalized training.
Before taking a class, check whether the instructor is registered with the Yoga
Alliance, a certification that requires at least 200 hours of training in yoga techniques
and teaching. You may also want to sit in and observe the class that interests you.
You could also try using a yoga DVD. Websites, DVDs, and books can't compare to
learning yoga poses from a teacher, but they can help you find out more. They can
be especially helpful if you have already taken yoga classes and want to practice
at home. And also can try one of the many yoga apps available for smartphones and
Dress comfortably for your first yoga session in clothing that allows you to move
your body fully. Stretchy shorts or pants and a T-shirt or tank top are best. Yoga
is practiced barefoot, so you don't have to worry about special shoes.
If you're doing your yoga workout on a carpeted floor, you probably don't need
any equipment, although many people like to use a yoga mat or "sticky" mat. This special
type of mat provides cushioning and grip while you do your poses. Yoga mats are sold in
sporting goods stores, major retailers, and, possibly, at your yoga class location.
What can you expect at a yoga class or when you watch a yoga video? To begin the
class, the instructor may lead you through a series of poses like Sun Salutations to
warm up your arms, legs, and spine. After that, you'll concentrate on specific poses
that work different areas of your body. Most yoga sessions end with some type of relaxation
Before you begin any type of exercise program, it's a good idea to talk
to your doctor, especially if you have a health problem. Be sure to let your instructor
know about any orthopedic problems or special needs you may have before the class
begins. A good instructor will be able to provide modified poses for students who
are just beginning or who have special needs.
Staying on Track
Your schedule's already packed — so how are you supposed to fit in time for
yoga? Here are a few tips:
Break it down. If you can't do a half hour of yoga in one sitting,
try doing it in chunks. How about 15 minutes after you get up and 15 minutes before
bed? Or try three 10-minute workouts to break up a long study session.
Do what works for you. Some people have more success working
out in the morning before the day's activities sidetrack them; others find that an
after-school workout is the perfect way to unwind. Experiment with working out at
different times of the day and find the time that fits your schedule and energy level
Find a workout buddy. Doing your yoga routines with a friend
is a great way to stay motivated. You'll be less likely to miss your workout if you
have an appointment with a friend. You and your buddy can compare tips on healthy
eating and exercise habits, evaluate each other's poses for form, and keep each other
Consistency is key. If you want to reap the benefits that yoga
provides, you'll have to do it consistently. A once-a-month yoga workout may relieve
some stress, but for benefits like increased flexibility and stamina, you should aim
to practice yoga three or four times a week.
Set some goals. The same routine every week may become monotonous,
so set some goals to help you stay focused. Perhaps you'd like to incorporate power
yoga into your routine so you get a better cardiovascular workout. Maybe you've always
gone to yoga class and your goal is to start practicing on your own at home. Whatever
you choose as your goal, make sure you reward yourself when you accomplish it!
The great thing about yoga is it can be as vigorous or as gentle as you want it
to be. That makes it a good choice for anybody.<|endoftext|>Archaeologists working on building site just north of Rome have found columns, parts of the roof, friezes, tumbled down walls, and most importantly, a Latin inscription which identifies the stone mausoleum as Macrinus’.
Although parts of the tomb have crumbled into the Tiber over the centuries, enough has been recovered during months of excavation that experts are discussing the possibility of rebuilding the tomb as the centrepiece of an archaeological theme park.
This would also include the house of Empress Livia, the wife of Emperor Augustus, at Prima Porta nearby. This villa occupied the high ground dominating the view down the Tiber valley to Rome and some of the walling that retained its terraces can still be seen.
Except for the terracing – the gardens are currently being excavated – all that can be seen today are three vaulted subterranean rooms, from the largest of which the fresco decor of an illusionistic garden view was removed to Rome, where it has recently been installed in the Palazzo Massimo, following cleaning and restoration.
Sounds good, as long as it doesn’t mutate from archaeological park to Gladiator theme park.<|endoftext|>ضمیر کابلوف فرستاده ویژه رئیس جمهور روسیه روز جمعه در مصاحبه ای خطاب به آمریکایی ها گفت که خودداری آمریکا از مذاکره با گروه طالبان که دست کم ۴۰ فیصد اراضی افغانستان را تحت کنترل دارند، دقیقا دلیل بن بستی است که الان در آن قرار دارند. «بدون تماس با طالبان، جنگ و خون ریزی سال ها ادامه خواهد داشت.»
محمد اشرف غنی رئیس جمهوری کشور در دومین نشست روند کابل به گروه طالبان پیشنهاد صلحی بدون قید و شرط داد، اما جنگجویان طالبان تاکنون این پیشنهاد را با افزایش حملات شان پاسخ داده اند.
کابلوف می گوید که نمایندگان گروه طالبان به او گفته اند که آنها حاضر به مذاکره با دولت کابل که آنها آن را دولت دست نشانده می خوانند، نیستند، بلکه آنها می خواهند ابتدا با آمریکایی ها وارد گفتگو شوند.
از آن سو، دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهور آمریکا که روسیه را متهم به حمایت از طالبان می کند، پس از اعلام استراتژی اش برای افغانستان، سربازان بیشتری به کشور اعزام کرده و دستور افزایش در حملات هوایی را نیز داده است. روسیه اما این اتهام آمریکا را رد می کند و می گوید که فقط با طالبان در تماس است.
خانم آلیس ولز معاون دستیار وزارت خارجه آمریکا در امور آسیای مرکزی و جنوبی ماه مارچ گذشته گفت که گفتگوها با طالبان نباید آمریکا را نیز شامل کند. «ما به طور قطع نمی توانیم جایگزینی برای دولت و مردم افغانستان باشیم.»
جنرال جان نیکلسون فرمانده ۱۴ هزار نیروی آمریکایی و ۶۵۰۰ نیروی ناتو در افغانستان در همان ماه از طالبان خواست که پیشنهاد اشرف غنی برای صلح را بپذیرند، در غیر اینصورت با افزایش کمپاین نظامی مواجه می گردند.
روسیه اما می گوید که با وجود این گفته ها، وضعیت واقعی افغانستان دقیقا در جهت عکس گفته های این جنرال آمریکایی است.
“تجربه شوروی در افغانستان”
کابلوف با بیان اینکه طالبان احتمالا در آینده از این نیز پیش تر می روند و با ۵ هزار و یا ۵۰ هزار سرباز نیز نمی توان کاری کرد و وضعیت را بهتر کرد، می گوید: «ما نیز همین وضعیت را زمانی که سربازان شوروی در آنجا (افغانستان) بودند تجربه کردیم؛ وضعیت بسیار مشابه است.»
لازم به ذکر است که شوروی سابق بیش از ۱۵ هزار سرباز را طی ۱۰ سال اشغالش در افغانستان از دست داد.
همچنین گفتنی است که نیروهای خارجی در افغانستان مطابق با توافقنامه امنیتی افغانستان و آمریکا که آقای غنی بلافاصله پس از به قدرت رسیدن آن را امضا کرد، حضور دارند. این توافقنامه به سربازان آمریکا و سازمان ناتو اجازه می دهد که تا سال ۲۰۲۴ و فراتر از آن در افغانستان بمانند.<|endoftext|>In 1903, several national figures made their way to the shores of Puget Sound, no easy feat at the time. In April of that year, John C. Olmstead, stepson of landscape designer Frederick Law Olmstead, arrived to plan out the city’s parks and boulevards. In May, President Teddy Roosevelt stopped by on his grand tour of the American West.
A lesser-known but nonetheless influential visitor arrived in Seattle that year as well. She was Maria Francesca Cabrini, later known as Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini. Cabrini visited Seattle three times during her lifetime, ministering to the city’s sick and poor, with a special focus on its Italian immigrants. This devoted humanitarian, whose influence on Seattle can still be felt today, went on to become America’s first saint.
Cabrini was born in 1850 into a farming family in Sant’Angelo Lodigiano, Italy, about 20 miles south of Milan. The youngest of 13 children, she was born several months early, and her small size and fragile health dogged her throughout her life. But what she lacked in stature, she made up for in determination.
After her parents died, Cabrini became a teacher but longed to be a missionary. Twice refused entry into a convent because of her delicate nature, Cabrini took matters into her own hands. In 1880, she founded the order of the Missionary Sisters of the Sacred Heart. For the next nine years, she established schools and orphanages in Italy, even running a hospital at one point.
Her passion caught the eye of Pope Leo XIII who asked her to travel to the United States, which was considered a missionary outpost at the time. Her talents were sorely needed there: Thousands of Italians, mostly farmers or peasants, were arriving each year, without money, jobs, education or basic English-language skills.
In March 1889, Cabrini and six Sacred Heart sisters set sail from France with 1,500 other immigrants, bound for New York City. During the next 28 years, she traveled the U.S. from coast to coast as well as to parts of South America.
On Cabrini’s first visit to Seattle in 1903, she fell in love with the city. “Here we are, not far from the North Pole,” she wrote. “This city is charmingly situated, and is growing so rapidly….The town of Seattle spreads over two hills, and though it is fifty degrees north latitude, it enjoys an interminable spring because of the current that comes from Japan.”
Within a year, Cabrini had established Mt. Carmel Mission on Seattle’s Beacon Hill, home to a large immigrant population. “In the valleys between the hills, there are about 5,000 Italians who follow us like chicks follow the hen,” Cabrini wrote. “We hope to help them, and they will help us.” The compound included a school, convent, chapel, kindergarten and orphanage.
On her second trip to Seattle in 1909, Cabrini realized that the orphanage needed immediate attention. Not only was it bursting at the seams―some 85 children were housed there― but the city had decided to regrade the hill upon which it sat. The orphanage had to move.
Cabrini later said that the new location came to her in a dream. “I saw a villa on a hill,” she wrote. She sent two sisters to the shores of Lake Washington, a location she felt corresponded to her dream site. There, the sisters found a grand, brick-clad summer home which Cabrini eventually purchased and renovated.
In 1914, the orphanage moved to the Lake Washington locale. Ten years later, a residence and school were added and the new facility was dedicated Sacred Heart Villa. The school exists today as Villa Academy, Seattle’s only Catholic independent school offering preschool through eighth grade.
Cabrini had now spent nearly half her adult life in the United States, and she decided to take the next step. She became a U.S. citizen in Seattle on Oct. 13, 1909.
In 1915, Cabrini arrived in Seattle for the last time. Despite being in her mid-60s, she had not slowed down. She had come to open a home for foundlings and purchased the ornate, seven-story Perry Hotel for that purpose. Instead, she turned the building into a clinic known as Columbus Sanitarium. It was later renamed Cabrini Hospital in her honor and it remained operational until 1990.
Cabrini was very ill when she left Seattle in November 1916, and she died in Chicago the following year. During her lifetime, she had established 67 institutions―one for every year of her life―in the U.S., South America and Europe. She was canonized by Pope Pius XII in 1946 and is today the patron saint of immigrants.
During her three trips to Seattle, Cabrini often prayed at St. James Cathedral and her relics are sealed beneath the altar. A statue of Cabrini as a young nun is located in the cathedral’s west nave, holding a book and a bouquet of violets in her hand.
A woman ahead of her time, Cabrini was a bold adventurer and a savvy businesswoman, a dedicated social reformer and a passionate religious leader. A century ago, her energy, compassion and foresight helped hundreds of Italians in Seattle live a better life in the city they would eventually call home.<|endoftext|>春季Covid计划发布的变化。
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.Link.X) that is including 24 research partners from academia and industry is focusing on the extension of quantum communication beyond point to point connections. The long term goal is a physically secure fiber-based network.
As data security and secure communication are becoming increasingly important, quantum communication is a promising approach to achieve highest possible security. Quantum states are used to generate keys and copying an unknown quantum state is forbidden due to fundamental physical laws. Without the possibility to make a copy, a possible eavesdropper cannot learn about the transmitted key without interfering with the signal and thus can easily be detected.
However, due to transmission losses in the optical fiber, the sent information must be reamplified after some tens of kilometers. In classical telecommunication a repeater measures the information and amplifies the signal. In other words, it is making a copy. Since it is forbidden to make a copy of quantum states without interfering with the data, for a quantum network the repeater has to be replaced by a quantum repeater that uses quantum states to store information, without ever measuring them.
Here, at the University of Würzburg, we are researching on a quantum repeater segment based on semiconductor quantum dots in micropillar cavities.<|endoftext|>Gölge avcıları ikinci sezon Sebastic Verlac'ı seçti. Will Tudor ( Taht Oyunları, İnsanlar ) 'rakipsiz dövüş yetenekleri' ile 'büyüleyici, zeki ve yüksek eğitimli' Shadowhunter'ı oynayacak. Yabancı bir enstitüden gelen Sebastian, ana karakterlerden biriyle arkadaş olduktan sonra Gölge Avcıları'nın New York Enstitüsü'ne giden yolunu bulur.
Sebastian'ın ilk görünümü, sezonun ikinci yarısı olan Sezon 2B'ye kadar gelmeyecek ve yinelenen bir karakter olacak.
Gölge avcıları showrunner Todd Slavkin TVLine'a anlattı :
Bu bölümde çok iyi… Kayıt yaptığında Amerikan aksanı vardı, bu gerçekten ilginçti. Ama makarasını gördüğümüzde, onu gördük Game of Thrones ve insanlar , sonra karaktere bakışımıza baktık, 'Oh, sen Londra'lısın. Londra Enstitüsündensiniz. İngiliz aksanını kullan.' Ve çok iyi çalışıyor.
Jace kayıptır ve farklı nedenlerle de olsa herkes onu aramaktadır. Clave temsilcisi Victor Aldertree, Enstitü'nün yeni operasyon başkanı olarak atandı ve onu kilitledi. Aldertree kısa süre sonra Jace'in bir suçlu olduğuna karar verir ve Enstitü'ye Jace'in ölü ya da diri arandığını bildirir. Clary, Alec, Isabelle ve Simon, Aldertree'yi engellemeye ve Jace'in hayatını kurtarmaya çalışır. Yeni uyanan Jocelyn, bilinçsiz haldeyken kaçırdığı her şeyi yakalar. Bu arada, Jace, Valentine'ın gemisinde esir tutulur ve Valentine tarafından akıl oyunları ve fiziksel dayaklarla işkence görür.
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 2 Ocak 2017
Clary, bir Gölge Avcısı olarak hayata uyum sağlamakta zorlanıyor, bu yüzden bir günlüğüne Brooklyn Sanat Akademisi'ne geri dönüyor. Daha sonra Dot tarafından kaçırılır ve Valentine'e götürülür, ancak daha sonra Jace ile birlikte gemisinden kaçmayı başarır. Jocelyn, ilk doğumuyla ilgili bazı karanlık sırları açığa çıkarır ve daha sonra Jace'i bulmak için Isabelle ve Alec'e yardım teklif eder. Bu arada, Simon ve Magnus, Camille'i arar ve Valentine, dönüşümden kurtulacaklarını umarak boks kulüplerinden yeni Gölge Avcıları almaya karar verir.
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 9 Ocak 2017
Bir Parabatai izleme büyüsü ters gidince Alec'in hayatı tehlikeye girer ve Magnus onu sihirle dengelemeye çalışır. Ama onu sadece Jace kurtarabilir. Valentine'ın gemisinden atladıktan sonra Clary, Jace'i kaybeder ve Enstitü'ye geri döner. Bu arada Jace, kendilerinden birini öldürdüğünü iddia eden kurt adamlar tarafından avlanır. Isabelle, Jace'i bulmak ve Alec'in hayatını kurtarmak için Aldertree ile bir anlaşma yapar. Magnus, Alec'i çatı katına götürür, burada Jace onu kurtarmak için gelir. Daha sonra, Clave temsilcileri gelir ve Jace'i Gölge Avcıları'na karşı vatana ihanetten tutuklar.
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 16 Ocak 2017
Jace, Hodge ile karşılaştığı Kemik Şehri'nde hapsedilir. Jace, duruşması sırasında Meclis'e bağlılık yemini edemediğinde, Valentine onu kaçırmaya gelir, ancak Jace savaşır ve Valentine, Hodge'u öldürür. Clary, Alec ve Isabelle'in güçlü bir iblisi yakalamasına yardım eder, ancak Enstitü'ye sızar ve Jocelyn de dahil olmak üzere iki Gölge Avcısı öldürülür. İblis daha sonra Isabelle'de yaşar ve Clary ve Alec ile savaşır; Clary keder ve öfke içinde Isabelle'i elinden kurtarır ve iblisi öldürür. Bu sırada Raphael, Aldertree tarafından Camille hakkında tehdit edilir ve yardım için Magnus'a gider. Camille'in mezarı pisliğiyle, duygusal olarak çelişkili bir Magnus, eski kız arkadaşını çağırır ve onu Clave'e gönderir.
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 23 Ocak 2017
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 30 Ocak 2017
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 6 Şubat 2017
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 13 Şubat 2017
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 20 Şubat 2017
Orijinal yayın tarihi: 27 Şubat 2017
Gölge avcıları Katherine McNamara Clary Fray olarak, Dominic Sherwood Jace Wayland olarak, Alberto Rosende Simon Lewis olarak, Emeraude Toubia Isabelle Lightwood olarak, Matthew Daddario Alec Lightwood olarak, Isaiah Mustafa Luke Garroway olarak ve Harry Shum Jr. Magnus Bane olarak.
Gölge avcıları Pazartesi günleri saat 20:00 – 21:00 arası yayında. ET.<|endoftext|>Her yıl 7 milyondan fazla kişinin ziyaret ettiği kulede çalışanların grevi kuleyi inşa eden Gustave Eiffel’in 100. ölüm yıldönümüne geldi.
Euronews Türkçe'nin aktardığına göre 27 Aralık 1923'te ölen Gustave Eiffel’in anısına düzenlenecek müzik şovu ise daha önce kaydı yapıldığı için sosyal medya ve Fransız televizyonu üzerinden bu akşam yayınlanacak.
Dünyanın en fazla ziyaret edilen turistik mekanlarından biri olan 134 yıllık Eyfel Kulesi'nin sahibi ise Paris Belediyesi.<|endoftext|>Kara kuvvetlerinin en yüksek rütbesi olarak bilinen Mareşal rütbesinin bir alt rütbesi Orgeneraldir. Bu rütbe Org. şeklinde gösterilmektedir. Ordu komutanlığı görevine sahip olan Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri’nin Kara Kuvvetleri’nde en yüksek rütbeye sahip ise Orgeneral, Deniz Kuvvetleri’nde en yüksek rütbeye sahip ise Oramiral adını almaktadır. Orgeneraller, Kara Kuvvetleri’nde ordu komutanlığı görevi yapmaktadırlar. Görev süreleri ise 4 yıldır.
Orgeneral’in kısaltması: Org.
Oramiral’in kısaltması: Ora.
- Orgeneral Nasıl Olunur?
Orgeneral olunabilmesi için subaylıktan başlamak gerekmektedir. 7 farklı subaylık rütbesinden sonra general rütbelerine geçilmektedir. Bu yüzden orgeneral olmak için ilk önce askeri rütbe olarak subay olunması gerekmektedir.
- Orgeneral Olmak için Kaç Yıl Gereklidir?
Bu zamana kadar orgenerallikte en genç isim olmayı başarmış kişi Necdet Özel’dir. Necdet Özel 45 yaşında orgeneral olmuştur. Normal şartlar altında orgeneral olmak için 3 yıl teğmen,6 yıl üsteğmen,6 yıl yüzbaşı,5 yıl binbaşı,3 yıl yarbay ve en az 5 yıl da albay olarak görev yapılması gerekmektedir.<|endoftext|>August 21, 2012
Typhoon Tembin Forms Fast In Philippines Seen By NASA Satellite
NASA's Terra satellite captured the newest Typhoon in the western North Pacific Ocean, Tembin, as it moves parallel to Luzon, Philippines. Warm waters were the trigger in rapid intensification of the typhoon.
Typhoon Tembin grew from the fifteenth tropical depression over the weekend of August 18-19, and by Monday, August 20 was a powerful typhoon. At 5 a.m. EDT on August 20, forecasters at the Joint Typhoon Warning Center noted that Tembin "rapidly intensified over the past 24 hours" going from a 35-knot (40.2 mph/64.8 kmh) intensity on August 19 at 2 a.m. EDT to 95 knots (109.3 mph/175.9 kmh) on August 20 at 2 a.m. EDT.When NASA's Terra satellite flew over Typhoon Tembin early on August 20, 2012 at 0235 UTC (10:35 a.m. local time Manila, Philippines/Aug. 19 10:35 p.m. EDT) the MODIS instrument (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) captured a visible image of the storm. The 25 nautical-mile-wide (28.7 mile/46.3 km) eye was very clear and cloud free in the visible image.
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center noted that Tembin has maximum sustained winds near 95 knots (109.3 mph/175.9 kmh). At 0900 UTC (5 a.m. EDT/5 p.m. local time, Manila), Tembin was located 320 nm (368.2 miles/592.6 km) northeast of Manila, Philippines, near 18.7 North latitude and 124.9 East longitude. Tembin is moving slowly to the north-northeast at 4 knots (4.6 mph/7.4 kmh). It is expected to track north and then turn west, and head across Taiwan by August 23.
On The Net:<|endoftext|>前言
2016年，三级警长周明在办理一起涉枪毒品案件时殉职，年仅44岁。这三年间，我曾数度提笔，想把他的故事记录下来。数次成稿，又数次放弃。
过去，我曾接受过他的指挥，危难时也曾被他舍命相救，直至殉职，他都是我的战友，我的前辈，更是我奋力追赶的榜样。
可即便如此，他在我心里似乎依旧带着陌生感。
即使后来我又从前辈们的口中和材料里搜寻了许多关于他的事情，可脑海中却依然拼凑不出一个更完整的刑警形象来。他似乎和那些我所熟悉的警察迥然不同，又似乎能在他身上看到很多人的影子。
清明将近，我还是决定将这一切都记录下来。<|endoftext|>Yemek masasının insan yaşamında uzun süredir önemli bir rol oynadığı gerçeği, ev hakkındaki sayısız sözle kanıtlanmıştır. "Masa Tanrı'nın avucudur," dedilerimiz dediler, güzel bir masa örtüsü ile kapladık ve bulaşıkları sergiledik. Modern aile, her zamanki mobilyalarla ilgili pek fazla şey hissetmiyor, ama aynı zamanda hayatımızın bu yararlı niteliği için kendi gereksinimlerine de sahip. Bugün hangi masa tasarımları üretiliyor ve özellikleri nelerdir?
içerik
- türleri
- Yemek odası için masalar genişletilebilir
- Masa-transformatör mekanizmaları
- malzemeler
- Çok yönlü tasarımlar
Contents
türleri
Uzun bir süre için, tablolar bir biçimde, bir dikdörtgenin şekliyle yapılmıştır. Uzun ya da kısa, ortaçağ soylularının kalelerinde ve köylülerin kulelerinde, kralların saraylarında ve boyarların boyalı duvarlarında bulunuyorlardı. Zamanla, farklı bir konfigürasyonun tabloları kullanıma girmişti, ancak modadan hiç çıkmadılar ve iddia edilmeyen şeylerin listesine düştüler. Topikal öğle yemeği masa ve sandalyeler ve modern bir iç mekan.
Geleneksel olarak formlara ayrılmış büyük bir yemek masası ailesi. Tasarımcılar ne kadar sofistike olursa olsun, geometri kanunlarından uzaklaşamazlar, bu yüzden yuvarlak, kare, dikdörtgen ve oval tablolar arasından seçim yapabiliriz.
En popüler tip büyük bir yemek masasıdır. dikdörtgen şekil, muhafazakârları kim seçer. Dikdörtgenin sayısız misafirin yerleştirilmesi için uygun olduğuna inanılmaktadır.
Yemek odası bizim için de kullanılıyor yuvarlak, Genellikle oturma odasında veya büyük mutfakta merkezi bir yer tutar. Açıkçası, böyle bir model duvara bakmaz ve odanın ergonomisi kullanılmayacaktır. Yuvarlak masa için, boyutuyla ve güzel bir tasarımla ilişkilendirilmiş bir alana ihtiyacınız var, çünkü odanın merkezinde, istemeden dikkat çekiyor.
Daha az sıklıkla bir yemek masası görebilirsiniz oval, dışa doğru şık görünmekle birlikte iç mekanda özel bir bükülme getiriyor. Bununla birlikte, onunla aynı hikaye hakkında: oval, odanın ortasına bir yer tahsis edilmeli, böylece organik görünüyordu.
Kare masa Dikdörtgenden daha az popüler değil, ama içeriye yerleştirilmesiyle bazı nüanslar var. Kare, dikdörtgenden daha az demokratiktir ve diğer mobilya parçalarıyla eşdeğerliğinin yumuşatılmasını gerektirir.
Üçgen bir formun varyantları vardır, ancak bu zaten yaratıcılık alanından, stil oryantasyonu ile güçlendirildiğinden veya önümüzde olduğu durumlarda günlük yemek masası. Çoğu zaman tasarımcılar klasik üçgenleri reddederek bu modellere asimetrik ana hatlar verirler, ancak bunları iç mekana sığdırmanın çok zor olduğunu kabul ederler.
Formlarla uğraştıktan sonra, fonksiyonlara geçelim. Yemek masasının ömründe hafta içi var, ama ayrıca tatiller de var. Ve burada nesnenin boyutu hakkında endişelenmeliyiz. Ancak, üreticiler uzun zamandır problemimizi çözmüşler ve bir yemek masası, bir katlanır masa, evrensel oluşturdular.
Yemek odası için masalar genişletilebilir
İlk katlama masasının gelişiyle, küçük bir tezgahı büyük bir alana çevirmenin çeşitli yolları için aktif bir araştırma başladı. Ve bugün geniş bir seçim var. modern yemek masası trafosu çeşitli seçenekler ile temsil edilir:
- katlama
- katlama
- teleskopik
Bir katlanır masanın en çarpıcı örneği bir masa kitabıdır. Katlanmış durumda, doğaçlama bir başucu masasına dönüşür, yarı açık bir mekanda, bir aile yemek masasının işlevleriyle mükemmel bir şekilde baş eder ve tatilde bir ziyafet için kolayca geniş bir alana dönüşebilir.
Ve son olarak, tezgahın bir kısmı diğerine bindirildiğinde, seçenek. Açılırken, kitabın tersinin etkisi elde edilir.
Katlanan modeller en ergonomiktir. Onlar için idealdir küçük daireler. Duvara tutturulmuş, bacaklarla donatılmış ve katlandığında neredeyse görünmezdirler. Onların tek dezavantajı hareketlilik eksikliği. Bu seçenek, tek bir kişi ya da yaşlı bir çift için idealdir.
Çoğu masalarda popüler olan yemek masası, çalışma açısından ve iç mekanın şık bir dekoratif objesi olarak evrenseldir. Yuvarlak ve oval, dikdörtgen ve kare olabilirler. Kayar mekanizmanın kendisi kural olarak basittir ve dönüşüm için özel çaba gerektirmez: iki veya üç hareket, ve misafirlerin resepsiyonu için masa hazırdır.
Masa-transformatör mekanizmaları
Transformatör dizisi birkaç tablo türü ile temsil edilir.
Panjur mekanizmasına sahip masalarda masa tablasının ek detayları yanlardan uzanır. Bu, her aile üyesinin idare edebileceği en uygun yöntemdir.
Otomatik bir mekanizma ile donatılmış tablolar, ana bölüm kaydırıldığında, ek masa üstünün otomatik olarak uzatılmasını önerir.
İpucu! Bir trafo masasını seçerken, kayan mekanizmayı kontrol edin, yerleştirmenin ne kadar uygun olduğunu tahmin edin, parçaların sabitlendiğinden emin olun.
malzemeler
Bir yemek masası alırken, fiyatına ek olarak, güç ve güzellik olmak üzere iki ana konuyla ilgileniyoruz. Her ikisi de modelin yapıldığı malzemeye dayanır.
Diziden geleneksel yemek masası, lüks ve zengin görünüyor, ancak, dışa doğru monolitik bir çok ağır ve kalıcı bir yer gerektirir. O kocaman bir salonda iyidir. bir kır evi. Küçük bir versiyonda, bir şehir dairesinde de uygundur, ancak büyük bir çekimle.
En sık rastlanan modellerde ahşaptan oluşan yemek masaları sayılabilir. Basit bir tasarıma sahip olarak, rustik tarza mükemmel uyum sağlar. Arındırıcı sevenler için, dekor ve pahalı ahşap türlerinin süslü detaylarıyla el yapımı ürünleri seçmek tercih edilir. Böyle bir tablo, tüm kullanışlı işlevlerini koruyarak iç mekânın gerçek bir dekorasyonu olacak.
Yeni trend, ahşaba göre daha az dayanıklı olmayan ve daha dikkatli bir tutum gerektiren cam yemek masaları. Yüksek teknoloji gibi tarzlar için organik, modern, Akdeniz. Buna ek olarak, camın özel bir bakıma ihtiyacı vardır, böylece uzun bir süre için kendini gösterebilir görün
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车39.1万辆，国二汽柴油车58万辆，占全市560万辆机动车保有量的17.3%。
凭借“准奥斯卡”级别的制作团队，电影《荒野猎人》不但让亚利桑德罗·冈萨雷斯·伊纳里多蝉联最佳导演，还结束了“小李子”陪跑22年的老梗。影片改编自迈克尔·庞克的同名小说，原著小说出版于2002年，当时第一版只卖出了15000本，电影开拍前已经成了绝版书。
大众进口汽车于13日傍晚表示隧，确有部分大众进口车在此次事件中受损尖察勉，但具体情况仍在核实拳韭效。大众进口车已于13日凌晨停止了天津港的物流运输工作股。除上述品牌车型受到明显损毁外闭惜，奥迪有100多辆进口车在此次事故中轻微受损石，主要是因爆炸喷溅物而导致漆面擦伤或玻璃受损拘田惭。马自达也有少量进口车辆出现漆面受损或玻璃轻度受损丝，但受损车辆数量在个位数疥。
下一步，国一、国二车和重型柴油车治理成为重点。经北京市环保局核算，淘汰42.6万辆老旧机动车可年减少排放共13.5万吨。根据北京市2015-2016年新一轮老旧机动车淘汰更新方案规定，对使用6年及以上、提前1年及以上报废的车辆补助车均8000元。对转出车辆不再予以补助。若报废老旧机动车的车主更换新车，汽车生产企业按照平均标准不低于政府补助的原则再给予车主购置新车奖励。。
△据台湾“中央社”1月18日综合大陆媒体报道称，大陆首次发行生肖邮票是1980年2月发行的庚申猴，今年1月5日发行的丙申猴已经是大陆第4轮生肖邮票。
△如果以2014年前的有车族为例，这位车主将在两年内迎来两次单双号限行。再加上平时的尾号轮换限行措施，算下来，从2014年1月1日至 2015年9月3日本次单双号截止，共执行单双号限行25天，再加上其间每周限行一天计算，这位车主两年来要有约90多天不能开车，那么车辆的使用效率下 降了大约六分之一。
△dangde十八大以来，中央巡视工zuo的理念思路与时俱进、fang式方法不断创xin：
△单双号限行给北京空气带来的好处，早在2008年奥运会以前便被证实。北京市于2007年8月17日至20日，在“好运北京”体育赛事期间进行空气质量测试，收集削减机动车行驶对改善空气质量的测试数据。
△马旭：药监局应该开个绿色通道，保障儿童药品的快速审批。同时，用于重要病情的儿童药品，国家应对研发机构进行专利保护。
△集团公司副总经理退、党委常委痊卑景，吉林省政府党组成员稍歪蹭、省长助理跋，吉林省政府党组成员票、省长助理兼吉林市委副书记椭、代市长卵，吉林省政府党组成员图、省长助理兼吉林市委副书记结、吉林市市长肩，吉林省政府党组成员杉呛曙、省长助理兼吉林市委书记顷，吉林省委常委勉跨超、吉林市委书记瘦、吉林市人大主任垢宪，中国第一汽车集团公司总经理巨、党委副书记汹片斧，集团公司董事长星纺、党委书记等职焦托。
“严重违反政治纪律，欺骗组织，对抗组织审查；严重违反组织纪律，利用职务上的便利在干部选拔任用方面为他人谋取利益并收受财物，不按规定如实报告个人有关事项；严重违反廉洁纪律，收受礼品、礼金……”
朱俊生介绍，众所周知，由于我国此前存在的养老金双轨制问题，使得机关事业单位退休人员的养老金标准要高于部分企业退休人员的养老金标准。目前我国已经完成了制度上的并轨，但是机关事业单位和企业退休人员的养老金实际水平并未实现并轨。
假设今后每年机guanshi业单位退休ren员都能调整养老金待yu标准，而机关事业单位在职人员却依然不能制度化地按时调整工资，那么对于机关事业单位在职人员的工作积极xing，无疑会存在一定的不利影响，也容易降低其工作积极性，影响到公务员等队伍的稳定性。
经查，徐建一不认真履行党风廉政建设主体责任，不执行组织决定；为其子在职务晋升方面谋取利益；严重违反廉洁自律规定，收受礼金、在购买住房中侵占国家利益、违规领取奖金；利用职务上的便利在干部选拔任用、企业经营等方面为他人谋取利益，收受贿赂。其中，受贿问题涉嫌犯罪。此外，徐建一还存在干扰、妨碍组织审查的行为。
习近平指出挪，过去的一年警饰，民建中央申拌探、全国工商联发挥自身优势庐，围绕推动长江经济带发展惧、落实精准扶贫写痰集、加快科技成果转化坤、营造良好创新环境锣块嗡、民营企业参与“一带一路”建设绰容、支持小微企业发展等课题稳卤，深入调查研究通蜜恃，提出了不少好的意见和建议瘫温屋。我向大家表示衷心的感谢苇缝秆。
△2月2日，新华社社长蔡名照在北京会见古巴驻华大使白诗德。新华社记者李学仁摄
△美国威斯康星州卫生部日前发布新闻公告说圈罕讽，该部门正紧密调查发生于该州的一种致命性细菌感染标膘。截至目前凹，被这种细菌感染的病人共４４人饺伐沥，其中１８人死亡峭。
值得一提的是巍搁，该区还将探索建立外国人服务管理体系和工作平台效蕊。在外国人散居规模100人以上的街道静缆踩，建立外国人服务管理工作站沪革，街派出所成立外管专业队袖茧，同时组建越秀区外国人服务管理办公室慧嚎炭，形成涉外管理工作跨部门业务协同能锰挥、信息共建共享等工作机制蛾。
截至去年底，北京市现有国二及以下标准车97.1万辆(其中国一及以下汽柴油车39.1万辆，国二汽柴油车58万辆)，占全市560万辆机动车保有量的17.3%，其排放量占机动车直接排放总量的30%左右。因此，优先淘汰老旧机动车对于治理空气污染“事半功倍”《史蒂夫·乔布斯》外交部发言人洪磊表示，中国在西沙群岛上部署国土防御设施，不是什么新的事情，这与所谓的南海“军事化”没有关系。希望有关国家不要进行无谓或别有用心的炒作，多做有利于地区和平稳定的事。
△不过，截至2015年年末，我国城乡居民基本养老保险参保人数已达5.05亿，比城镇职工养老保险参保人数规模还高1.5亿。若继续增加城乡居民基础养老金待遇，是否会对基金可持续性造成影响？
二是他认为卷，回顾新闻的发展史为玩盖，就是新闻不断接近现场的历史弛片。报纸让读者从文字描述中感悟现场的情境期人，广播让听众听到来自现场的声音燎，电视让观众看到现场的景象清等。尽最大可能向受众呈现新闻现澄骸，一直是媒体和媒体人的不懈追求码贫袒。 。第二，“现场新闻”能让受众更快捷地看到新闻现场。新华社创新集成了视频直播设备——手持云台，记者单兵手持即可进行高清视频直播，一台小设备取代了摄像机、转播车和导播室。新华社客户端引入了国内先进的移动端直播流媒体技术，可以不受地点、设备限制，随时进行“零时差”现场直播报道，更有效地抢抓新闻第一落点。盯紧存liang与结余避免zi金趴在账上“shuijue”据台湾“中央社”1月18日综合大陆媒体报道称，大陆首次发行生肖邮票是1980年2月发行的庚申猴，今年1月5日发行的丙申猴已经是大陆第4轮生肖邮票。电据中央纪委监察部网站消息，中国第一汽车集团公司原党委书记、董事长徐建一严重违纪违法被开除党籍和公职。日前，经中共中央批准，中共中央纪委对中国第一汽车集团公司原党委书记、董事长徐建一严重违纪问题进行立案审查。
△福建省教育厅消息，2016年全省高职招考报名人数共6.08万人，其中普通高中生4.29万人、中职生1.79万人。
三是韩媒称，象征中国的大熊猫从很早以前就开始担任“dong物外jiaoguan”。 2015年3月突，涉嫌严重违纪违法接受组织调查猫。7月醚箱，全国人大常委会表决通过关于个别代表的代表资格的报告衬，徐建一全国人大代表资格终止俩盗。今后梨皆筋，中国联通和飞驰镁物将在以汽车车载信息服务为核心的汽车服务领域开展深入合作郎，并将致力于建立有中国特色的车联网应用标准虱，联合成为引领未来汽车服务领域的主导力量缎傅，共同打造车联网生态系统为双方共同的合作目标排适锈。２０１４年１２月恫，中央出台意见农，为实现中央一级党和国家机关派驻全覆盖确定了时间表和路线图半窗凑。２０１５年１月栏，中央纪委在中办克、中组部乔、中宣部等中央和国家机关首次设立７家派驻机构械楷奥。同年１１月搪，中办印发方案抡筛，明确中央纪委设置４７家派驻纪检组萌，实现对１３９家中央一级党和国家机关的派驻机构全覆盖拍系。014年，北京市统计局、国家统计局北京调查总队发布的统计数据显示，京津冀三地中，北京机动车尾气排放对大气影响最明显，天津、河北大气污染物则主要来自工业污染。2014年，4月15日，北京市环保局局长陈添介绍了北京大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)来源的最新解析结果。通过模型解析，北京全年PM2.5来源中，区域传输约占28%—36%，本地污染排放占64%—72%。而在本地污染源中，机动车占比高达30%以上。据了解，截至8月13日21时，共有太保、阳光、平安、安邦、太平、国寿、永诚7家财险公司已接到463件财产险报案，其中，车险报案为207件。对于事故中受到损害的私家车，一位车险理赔人士表示，在车险中，火灾、爆炸等意外因素造成损失，属于车损险的条款赔付范围，如果投保了相应的险种，可以给予理赔。<|endoftext|>20 نکته آپارتمان نشینی
ساکنین قسمت های اختصاصی مجتمع ها موظفند جهت رعایت حسن همجواری، بعضی بایدها و نبایدها را مورد توجه قرار دهند و به آنها عمل کنند. رعایت آنها توسط آپارتمان نشین ها موجب می شود که از بروز اختلاف ها و تنش های گوناگون جلوگیری شود. بنابراین برای آگاهی بیشتر شهروندان موارد زیر توصیه می شود.<|endoftext|>01 Nisan 2015 Çarşamba 21:00
Lg modelleri ile beraber kullanıcılarına sunduğu akıllı telefonlar ile beraber kullanıcıların beğenisini kazanıyor ve kullanıcılarına daha yeni özellikler sunuyor.
GFX'in veritabanı listesinde LG G4'ün özellikleri ortaya çıktı. İsimsiz bir kaynağa göre G4'ün Güney Kore'de çıkacak modelinde bu işlemci mevcut. Ancak ortaya çıkan taptaze bir rapor işin aslının böyle olmadığını ve LG'nin Snapdragon 810'dan vazgeçtiğini ileri sürüyor. En güzeli detayları biraz daha karıştıralım ve neler olduğuna bakalım.
Korea Times'ın haberine göre adı açıklanmayan bir kaynak Qualcomm'un Snapdragon 810'daki ısınma problemini çözmediğini ve LG'nin bu yüzden daha az kuvvetli olan 6 çekirdekli 808'den diğer seçeneğinin olmadığını belirtti.
LG G4, İstanbul'da ilk defa gösterilecek!
Aynı kaynak Qualcomm'un senenin 2. yarısından itibaren Snapdragon 810'daki aşırı ısınma sorunlarını çözebilmesinin olası olduğunu da iddia etti. Bu vaziyet önceki bazı rivayetlerle aksi. Biraz zamanda geriye gidersek TSMC'nin içindeki kaynaklar mart ayı ortasında 810'daki problemin giderileceğini ve daha fazla üretimin olacağını vurgulamıştı.
Aslında öykü gayet güzel başlamıştı. LG, G Flex 2'de kullandığı Snapdragon 810'da herhangi bir problem olmadığını açıklamıştı. Sistem çipiyle alakalı emniyet vermişti. Buna karşın Samsung Snapdragon 810'dan vazgeçti ve kendi işlemcisini S6/S6 Edge'te kullandı. 810'un ısınma problemi geçtiğimiz yıldan beridir gündeme geliyor.
Sizin bu konuda düşünceniz nedir? Snapdragon 810'un ısınma problemi hakkındaki ne düşünüyorsunuz? Yorumlarınızı bizimle paylaşın.
Son Güncelleme: 01.04.2015 21:01<|endoftext|>Lightyear to unveil the first long-range solar car on 25 June
Published: 17 May 2019 - Carly Wills
The prototype of the first long-range solar car will be unveiled by Lightyear, a Dutch pioneer in clean mobility, in the Netherlands on 25 June.
The Lightyear One, the company’s proof of concept car, will be the first concrete step towards Lightyear’s mission of making clean mobility available for everyone, everywhere.
Lightyear’s approach uses several innovations. The Lightyear One was designed from the ground up to solve two of the biggest drawbacks of electric cars: range and charging. The four-wheel drive car is designed to go for long periods without cable-charging. The battery alone has a range of 600-800km, depending on the usage. When it does need to be charged, the model’s energy efficiency makes it charge two or three times faster than any other electric car on the market, according to the company. This means drivers can charge up to 400km overnight with an ordinary power socket, providing them with the freedom to use the Lightyear One in places without electric car charging infrastructure.
In addition, the Lightyear One’s optimised aerodynamics, light weight and four independent in-wheel motors deliver torque with very high efficiencies.
Lightyear’s goal is to deliver cars with very low operating costs and long lifetime, within the next ten years, so that the usage cost per kilometre becomes extremely low. At that point, driving electric will become accessible to a much larger group of people than it is currently.
The Lightyear Prototype One is eagerly awaited by environmentalists and car enthusiasts, as well as the almost 100 people who have already reserved a Lightyear One.<|endoftext|>The work has been registered for the catalogue raisonné of Max Liebermann’s pastels, watercolours and gouaches currently being prepared by Drs. Margreet E. Nouwen Cf. Oil Painting Cat. Rais. Eberle no. 1927/18 Certificate of Authenticity by Drs. Margreet E. Nouwen, Berlin
Private Collection Europe (German-speaking part)
About Max Liebermann
A pioneering painter of common life, Max Liebermann is considered the foremost German impressionist and one of the most important figures of modern art. Liebermann’s early devotion to painting the everyday is exemplified by his first exhibited painting Women Plucking Geese (1872), which earned him the moniker the “disciple of the ugly” due to its stark contrast to the romanticized work that was popular in Germany at the time. Liebermann studied modern painting technique in France and the Netherlands, encountering both French impressionism and the work of The Hague School. These influences led to a departure from traditional modes and genres and inspired Liebermann to experiment with light and color, further detaching his art from concrete subject matter. The artist brought the concepts and techniques of impressionism to Germany, and his paintings on a wide range of subjects both commonplace and bourgeois occupy a lasting place in the artistic canon.
German, 1847-1935, Berlin, Germany<|endoftext|>گوروخوف جی. گارد امپراتوری روسیه. م.، 2002.
سال 1914
هنگ حصار گارد نجات اعلیحضرت منتظر شرکت در عملیات پروس شرقی بود. به عنوان بخشی از جدایی از خان نخجوان ، هوسرهای نگهبان شروع به انجام عملیات شناسایی - در نزدیکی شهر شیرویندت کردند. 27 ژوئیه 1914 - شناسایی و اشغال شهر شیرویندت. ایستگاه ویلیونن منفجر شد.
در اول اوت، نبردی در نزدیکی شیرویندت رخ داد. رئیس لشکر سواره نظام دوم گارد، سپهبد راوخ، در توصیف آن خاطرنشان کرد که اژدها از جنوب و غرب از شهر دفاع می کردند، در حالی که هوسرها با تصرف میشتی، از نیش راست موقعیت دفاع می کردند و لشکر و لشکر را فراهم می کردند. مشاهده مسیرهای حاشیه شمالی رودخانه ششوپ
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çıkardığın için intihar eden Yaşar Uçar ve ailesinden helallik istedin mi?
Belediye başkanı olduğun dönemde sana sorduğu sorudan dolayı kameralar önünde korumalarına dayak attırdığın gazetecilerden de helallik istedin mi?
Ya peki...
Seni eleştirdiği için şizofrenik kitlene hedef gösterdiğin Doğukan Keskin? Hani şu "Bana ukalalık yapma" diye azarladığın, yanağına şaplak attığın, "Beynin uyuşmuş senin" diye hakaret ettiğin kişiden bahsediyorum.
Ondan da helallik aldın mı?
Sahi…
"Bana Rum Pontus" dedi diyerek aleni bir şekilde iftira attığın Esenler Belediye Başkanı Mehmet Tevfik Göksu'dan da helallik almayı düşünüyor musun?
Öyle ya…
Ahmet Hakan ile birlikte izlediğin videonun sonunda, “Öyle bir şey dememiş ve ima etmemiş. Ben yanlış anlamışım” dedin ama Göksu’nun kendisinden özür dilemedin.
İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Genel Sekreteri Hayri Baraçlı hakkında söylediklerine ne demeli peki? "Yazlık, baharlık ve kışlık olmak üzere 3 makam aracı kullanıyor" diye kuru iftira attın adamcağıza. Çıktı, belgeleriyle yalan söylediğini ispatladı.
Ondan helallik istedin mi?
Veya İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi üzerinden AK Parti'ye attığın 18 iftiradan dolayı birilerinden helallik almayı düşünüyor musun?
Öyle ya!
"İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi'nde 643 yöneticiye 1717 makam aracı verilmiş. İsrafa bakın israfa" dedin, yalan çıktı!
"İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi'nin borcu son 5 yılda 20 kat arttı. Sayıştay denetiminde ortaya çıkan zarar 753 milyon liradır" dedin, yalan çıktı.
"İstanbul Halk Ekmek, Başakşehir Futbol Kulübü'ne Arda Turan transferi için 9 Milyon Euro verdi" dedin, yalan çıktı.
Bilal Erdoğan’ın başında olduğu vakfa trilyonların aktarıldığını söyledin, yalan çıktı. Selçuk Bayraktar’ın başında olduğu vakfa büyük bağışlar yapıldığını söyledin, o da yalan çıktı.
Bunlardan da helallik istedin mi ya da isteyecek misin?
Kendi ifade şeklinle "Basitlik" diyorsun ya hani!
“Basitlik” nedir biliyor musun?
“Ben yalan nedir bilmem. İftira nedir bilmem” deyip tek ayak üstünde kırk yalan uydurup, bir çırpıda kırk kişiye iftira atmaktır.
Daha önce, “Yetmedi mi İmamoğlu?” diye sormuş ve söylediğin yalanları ardı ardına sıralamıştık. Ama söylediğin yalanlara, attığın iftiralara ve ettiğin küfür ve hakaretlere bakılırsa yetmemiş!
Maşallah, leblebi gibi saydırmaya devam ediyorsun.
İstanbul halkının bir bölümünü, "İsraf düzeni son bulacak" diye kekleyip kendi tarafına çekmeyi başardın. Ama 10 günde özel jetlere ödediğin paralarla israfın dibine vurdun!
"Ben belediye başkanı olursam oğlumu, kızımı, damadımı belediyeye sokmayacağım" dedin ama daha bir şey olamadığın halde, boş bulduğun VIP salonuna 14 akrabanı soktun!
Yarın bir gün belediyeyi alırsan ne yaparsın Allah bilir!
Özetle…
“Basitlik” yapan birini arıyorsan o kişi Ordu Valisi değil. Kimin “Basit”olduğunu senin ifadenle söyleyeyim!
Aynaya bakarsan "Basitlik" yapanın kim olduğunu hemen göreceksin!.<|endoftext|>黄瓜的土培方法在许多中央曾经不是特殊的合用，因为地盘资本的稀缺，就展开了无土栽培的手艺，在外洋许多兴旺过大基本上都接纳了黄瓜的无土栽培方法，不外在我国无土栽培手艺还没有完整遍及，因此今日我们就来进修一下黄瓜是怎样持续无土栽培的吧。
1、种子处置
收获前要对种子持续处置，普通的处置办法是温水烫种，也就是将种子放入五十五到六十度的热水中，十到十五分钟以后往热水中参加冷水，大约三十度左右就好，然后浸泡5-8小时以后捞出，用棉布包好然后放在合适种子抽芽的温度下持续催芽就能够了。
2、收获育苗
种子抽芽后将种子放入无土栽培的无土穴盘中持续育苗，无土穴盘普通采取一百个穴位的，每一个穴位放入一到两粒种子便可，然后撒上一层草炭和蛭石，然后用净水浇湿，节制好情况的温度，在适合的温度中三道四天后黄瓜幼苗就会出齐。
3、定植
在定植前要预备好种植床，而且配好营养液，将营养液试着放入种植床中看其能否可以一般保送营养液，一切正常以后，比及幼苗有三到四片叶子的时分讲幼苗连根从底端托出，移入种植床中，定植后要记得浇一次水，幼苗经过根部流过的营养液持续发育，大约三到四天以后就能够磨练成活率，基本上是百分百成活。
4、苗期治理
苗期的治理中比拟主要的一步就是要节制好营养液的浓度，无土栽培的时分幼苗的生长期比拟快，比拟轻易老化，在定植完以后天天普通浇四百到五百毫升的营养液，比及发育时期天天要两千到两千五百毫升，左后瓜苗发育完成的时分就要实时下降营养液的浓度。其次就是温度必然要坚持在十五到二十五度左，而且对水份的请求也比拟严厉。在植株长到十五到二十厘米的时分要在温室装置支架或许拉好线条，让它顺着支架和线条发育。
5、病虫防治
黄瓜最常现的病症就是霜霉病和白粉病，虫害普通是白粉虱和蚜虫。霜霉病基本上是室内的湿度和温度不适惹起的，普通运用毒霉和普力克持续防治，而白粉病运用粉锈宁防治。至于这些虫害有专门的抗虫害的药剂，平常没事的时分尽可能本人去撤除病虫而且把曾经破坏的叶子摘掉。
以上就是亲农网给大伙带来的黄瓜的无土栽培手艺，期望可以对大伙有所协助。假如想要理解更多农业知识，能够注意我们哟。
局部专业知识转自收集<|endoftext|>Berna, 04.11.2014 – Stando a uno studio commissionato dalla Commissione federale delle case da gioco (CFCG), l’incidenza dei giochi d’azzardo tende a una lieve flessione. Nel 2012 uno stimato 1,1 per cento della popolazione praticava il gioco d’azzardo eccessivo.
Lo studio condotto dall’istituto Ferarihs su incarico della CFCG stima il numero di persone in Svizzera che mostra un determinato comportamento di gioco d’azzardo, confrontando i dati ottenuti, per quanto possibile, con quelli del 2007 e del 2002. I dati alla base dello studio sono tratti dall’edizione 2012 dell’Indagine sulla salute in Svizzera, effettuata ogni cinque anni dall’Ufficio federale della sanità per rilevare lo stato di salute e i comportamenti rilevanti per la salute della popolazione svizzera di 15 o più anni. Oggetto dello studio è il comportamento nei giochi d’azzardo con possibilità di vincita in denaro o di altri vantaggi pecuniari ai sensi della legge federale sul gioco d’azzardo e sulle case da gioco; non sono per contro considerati i giochi elettronici e su Internet.
Sono state intervistate 18 357 persone, il 70 per cento delle quali dichiara di aver giocato a un gioco d’azzardo almeno una volta nella vita (prevalenza nel corso della vita). Estrapolato a tutta la popolazione della Svizzera, tale tasso corrisponde a circa 5 milioni di persone. Nel 2007 il tasso si situava al 60,5 per cento (corrispondente a un totale estrapolato di circa 3,8 mio. di persone).
Quasi la metà degli intervistati ha dichiarato di aver giocato a un gioco d’azzardo negli ultimi 12 mesi (prevalenza a 12 mesi), il che corrisponde a una totale estrapolato di circa 3 milioni di persone. Rispetto al 2007 si registra un lieve aumento della prevalenza a 12 mesi.
La quota di giocatori abituali (cosiddetti giocatori frequenti) è vieppiù diminuita passando dal 21,1 per cento del 2002 al 18 per cento del 2007 per assestarsi infine al 17,1 per cento del 2012.
Le lotterie e le scommesse sportive (da sole o combinate) sono i giochi d’azzardo più praticati dagli intervistati (42,4 %; corrispondente a un totale estrapolato di circa 2,9 mio. di persone). Soltanto il 6,5 per cento degli intervistati (per un totale estrapolato di circa 440 000 persone) ha dichiarato di giocare ai giochi da casinò a titolo esclusivo o in combinazione con altri giochi d’azzardo.
La maggior parte dei giocatori – il 62 per cento circa – non ha problemi di gioco d’azzardo in quanto presenta un comportamento di gioco a basso rischio. Uno stimato 3 per cento degli intervistati pratica un gioco a rischio moderato. Quanto all’incidenza dei giochi d’azzardo, i risultati del 2012 indicano una tendenza in lieve calo. La quota di persone con probabile comportamento di gioco problematico è diminuito dall’1,5 per cento nel 2007 allo 0,7 per cento nel 2012. La quota di persone con probabile comportamento di gioco patologico si è attestato sullo 0,4 per cento nel 2012, in lieve flessione rispetto allo 0,5 per cento del 2007. Per il gioco d’azzardo eccessivo (gioco patologico e problematico sommati) è stato rilevato un trend al ribasso, da stimati 2 per cento nel 2007 all’1,1 per cento nel 2012 (tutti i dati indicati si riferiscono alla prevalenza nel corso della vita).
Le offerte di terapia e consulenza continuano a essere poco sfruttate, proprio come nel 2002 e nel 2007.
I risultati dello studio corrispondono a quelli riscontrati all’estero. Vari studi europei, compresa l’indagine svizzera, sembrano indicare, nel complesso, che il problema del gioco d’azzardo eccessivo sia un fenomeno che nella maggior parte dei Paesi riguarda meno del 2,5 per cento della popolazione sopra i 15 anni.
La CFCG prende atto dei risultati dello studio, giudicandoli anche frutto delle misure di protezione sociale attuate con successo dalle case da gioco. La protezione sociale adottata dalle case da gioco ha dimostrato di essere efficace e per il momento non si vede il bisogno di ulteriori misure per le case da gioco. In vista della legislazione sui giochi in denaro in corso di elaborazione, la CFCG ritiene pertanto indispensabile prevedere adeguate misure di protezione sociale per tutte le offerte di giochi in denaro al fine di mantenere bassa, anche in futuro, l’incidenza dei giochi d’azzardo.
Indirizzo cui rivolgere domande:
Jean-Marie Jordan, Commissione federale delle case da gioco, tel. +41 58 463 12 05<|endoftext|>by Michael Sones
“Was this the face that launched a thousand ships And burnt the topless towers of Ilium? Sweet Helen, make me immortal with a kiss
– Christopher Marlowe in Dr Faustus
The myths of ancient peoples are not just the imaginative stories of uneducated, unscientific and superstitious peoples. Products of human minds trying to make sense of their experience they contain profound though often disturbing truths about human psychology that we would rather not think about. Many of them are just as true now as they were then and we can learn from them if we know how to look. The story of Helen of Troy is one such myth. It teaches us that one of the psychological origins of war is violent competition between men for sexual access to women. The findings of the disciplines of evolutionary psychology and anthropology are beginning to bear this out as will be illustrated later. These myths still fascinate us today as can be seen in the upcoming film, Troy, starring Brad Pitt.
Helen was the daughter of the Greek god Zeus and Leda, who was the wife of Tyndareus. Zeus approached Leda in the form of a swan. Helen was born from this union and she was the sister of the Dioscuri, the twins Castor and Pollux, who were renowned for their bravery and skills at fighting. Helen was renowned as the most beautiful woman in the world. Theseus, who had killed the Minotaur, carried her off as a child but the Dioscuri rescued her. All of the kings of Greece wanted to marry her because of her beauty and courted her. To save conflict between them Odysseus suggested that they let Helen choose and then all agree to protect her husband. She chose Menelaus but was later kidnapped by Paris, the son of Priam and Hecuba of Troy. At Zeus’ command Paris had been the judge at a beauty contest and had to choose which of the goddesses Hera, Athene, or Aphrodite was the fairest. He chose Aphrodite who had promised him the most beautiful woman in the world for his wife. He carried Helen off which did not please Menelaus and so the Greeks set sail to Troy. The Trojan war lasted ten years. At one point Achilles refused to fight because his woman, Briseis, was taken from him by Agamemnon, who was the Greek commander. In Achilles’ absence the Trojans killed many of the Greeks among them Achilles’ friend Patroclus. Achilles then sought his revenge and slaughtered many Trojans including Hector, son of Priam and Hecuba. Paris killed Achilles by shooting him with an arrow and hitting him in the heel which was his only vulnerable point. The Greeks won the war by building a giant wooden horse which they left before sailing away on their ships. The Trojans thought they had won the war and that the Greeks have left the horse as tribute. They wheeled it into the city and that night the Greeks, who were hiding in the horse, emerged and opened the city gates. The Greek army, which had sailed back, entered the city, killed most of the men and captured the women. Aeneas, another son of Priam, escaped and set sail. His voyage is the subject of an epic poem of Latin literature the Aeneid of Virgil. Aeneas eventually founded Rome. Aphrodite, who started all of this by promising Helen to Paris if he judged her most beautiful, was the Greek goddess of love and later identified by the Romans as Venus. She took as a lover Ares, the brutal god of War.
Several key themes can be seen in that myth such as: a) women compete to see who is most beautiful b) men compete for the women and c) the women choose (Helen chose Menelaus).
The Greeks were not the only peoples to associate goddesses of love and sexuality with war.
In Babylonian mythology the goddess Ishtar, also probably linked with the planet Venus, was the goddess of erotic attraction and sexuality. She protected prostitutes but she was violent and renowned for her warlike qualities. She was also the goddess of the moon and the full moon was when she was supposed to menstruate.
In Ugaritic mythology (Ugarit was a city-state on the Syrian coast in the middle of the second millennium BC) there was the goddess Anat, linked with Ishtar, who was beautiful but also a bloodthirsty destroyer of men.
The Celts had the goddess Morrigan who was the goddess of war but also associated with sexuality linking sex and death.
The Aztec goddess Coaticlue is the name of the serpent-skirted mother of the war-god, Huitzipochtli. A statue shows her with twin rattlesnake heads and a necklace of human hands and hearts. She could transform herself into a beautiful woman who would then lead men to their deaths.<|endoftext|>Un'altra settimana e un'altra vittoria per Tim Gajser. Sono passate più di due settimane dall'ultima volta che l'ex campione del mondo ha agguantato due vittorie consecutive, quindi essere in cima al podio del Gran Premio di Francia è stata una vera affermazione e ha risposto alle domande che la maggior parte degli esperti si poneva. Cosa ha significato il trionfo per lui? L'editor di MX Vice, Lewis Phillips, lo ha raggiunto subito dopo la seconda manche di prima classe.
MX Vice: Questo è quanto. Penso che questa sia stata l'ultima cosa che hai dovuto spuntare dalla tua lista durante il percorso di recupero… Due vittorie consecutive. L'hai fatto anche in bellezza. Un fine settimana cruciale su tutta la linea, ogni singola sessione, quindi non penso ci fosse alcun dubbio che avresti vinto oggi.
Tim Gajser: Sono veramente felice. Seconda settimana di fila, 1-1. Era quello che speravo. So di avere velocità. Ho solo bisogno di essere
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47 | 5 | 0 |
科疾病严重。目前，教师张某某已被带走，刑事拘留。
但悲剧的是，受害者都是高一到高三的学生，都被骗了，不肯告诉父母。12月20日，云南省彝良县7名少女被老师猥亵。
大部分都是亲戚送的，女魔头更是骇人听闻。云南省昭通市彝良县教师张某某被控性骚扰多名女生，导致女生妇科疾病严重。
目前，教师张某某已被带走，刑事拘留。但悲剧的是，受害者都是高一到高三的学生，都被骗了，不肯告诉父母。奥尔张某某的恶毒曝光是因为徐女士的亲戚小gi
事件曝光后，部分中年女性透露，自己年轻时曾被张某某性侵，但无人说，导致女魔头稳定当了20多年老师。
_扑鱼游戏APP。
本文来源：扑鱼游戏APP-www.chmxwm.com<|endoftext|>Opening their minds to new vistas:
The training process begins at the age of 7, when teaching forms strong inner images in the child's mind along with working on the various forms of his/her active artistic creativity.
To facilitate this, class room learning is made enjoyable with multiplication tables learnt with the help of rhythmic walking and skipping; while nature is studied through characteristic gestures and movements of plants and animals. Children learn by imitating everything and everybody.
Classroom learning is supplemented by impressive 'live and media' observations. Beautiful and powerful images of multi-media presentations navigate the child's mind through a world of fantasy. A smart classroom with plasma television and latest systems connected to a centralized server and supported by able technical staff, an internet access and more than 25000 educational CDs – apart from an Audio-Visual lab with various types of projection facilities, educational video cassettes and satellite television – aid the teaching methodology at Abhyasa.
Lessons appeal to emotions and the child is trained to feel what is learnt – outward acceptance of ideas without inwardly feeling their significance may lead to emotional or even social disturbances in future, when individuals are not trained to filter their thoughts through feelings. Therefore individuals need to develop two minds – One that thinks and the other that feels.
Thoughts and Feelings are powerful partners which will enable children shape their new world!
- Credits for each subject also correspond with the number of learning hours per week.
- SUPW: Socially Useful Productive Work.
For more details on teaching methodology, please refer to the "School Profile" accompanying the prospectus.
- S.A – Spiritual Awareness
- NIE – Newspaper in education.<|endoftext|>概述
作为道琼斯工业股票平均价格指数的缔造者，道琼斯长期提供市场的基准指标。全球数百万的决策者和新闻制造者每天都关注着我们的指数。
众多投资者因道琼斯市场指数的准确、及时和实用而信赖道琼斯。道琼斯共有130,000余个指数，种类分为国家、地理地区、行业、产业以及各类资产（包括从股票债券到房地产和商品）。我们共有包括北京在内的18个办公地点，全球各运营团队负责实时和全天候发布我们的指数数据。
道琼斯指数是很多投资产品的基准，其中包括共同基金、交易型开放式指数基金（ETFs）、结构性产品、期货和期权。此外，道琼斯指数还被用作于养老金计划的基准以及其他机构投资者衡量其投资组合表现的基准。
您可从此网站浏览到道琼斯为中国投资者创建的一系列指数，包括：
- 道琼斯中国88指数
- 道琼斯中国指数
- 道琼斯上海指数
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通过此网站您还可以了解到其他投资者或许感兴趣的精选指数。您若需要其他指数的中文材料，请发电子邮件至[email protected] 或致电 +86 10 5737 2634联系我们的客户服务团队。
若需更多有关道琼斯指数的信息，包括我们的联系方式，请登陆联系我们网页。<|endoftext|>آپارتمان های فروشی در زیتون بورنو ۲۰۲۱
آپارتمان های فروشی در زیتون بورنو
310 لایک
آپارتمان های فروشی در زیتون بورنو گزینه ایده آل برای مهاجران جدید به استانبول و کسانی که مایل به سرمایه گذاری در املاک و مستغلات هستند.
منطقه زیتون بورنو بین اصالت و نوسازی
زیتون بورنو با داشتن موقعیت منحصر به فرد بین منطقه تاریخی قدیمی و فرودگاه بین المللی آتاتورک ، یکی از مهمترین مناطق سرمایه گذاری برای جذب سرمایه گذار در بخش املاک و مستغلات ترکیه است و از شبه جزیره تاریخی جدا نشده است ، که مرکز استانبول تنها دیوارهای قسطنطنیه ، ۲۰ دقیقه ، و همچنین یک مکان راحت برای دسترسی به بسیاری از وسایل حمل و نقل عمومی مانند مترو ، متروبوس (خط اتوبوس اکسپرس) ، تراموا ، خط مترو زیرزمینی مارمارای ، حمل و نقل دریایی و شبکه گسترده ای از مسیرهای اتوبوس به همه مناطق دراستانبول را دربردارد.
منطقه زیتون بورنو با تعدادی از شهرداری های تاریخی که مرکز شهر را اشغال می کنند ، مانند فاتیح ، ایوب ، باکیرکوی و اسنلر هم مرز است. موقعیت ساحلی و مدیترانه ای این مناطق و کلیه مناطق مهم و تاریخی به افزایش مداوم ارزش املاک و مستغلات کمک می کند و سرمایه گذاران را ترغیب می کند که به طور مداوم به دنبال آپارتمان های فروشی در زیتون بورنو باشند.
رونق شهری، املاک و مستغلات در انتظار زیتون بورنو
این مکان به یک مکان اصلی برای پروژه های برجسته لوکس به برند تجاری منطقه تبدیل شده است. این منطقه در حال تحول سریع شهری است و کارخانه ها و پارک های تجاری قدیمی ای را برای دفاتر تجاری مدرن ، مراکز لوکس استانبول و مجتمع های مسکونی مدرن به جای می گذارد ، که طیف گسترده ای از گزینه ها را برای کسانی که به دنبال آپارتمان فروشی در زیتون بورنو هستند ، ارائه می دهد. این مجتمع ها بیش از ۱۰ سال است که در زیتون بورنو ترکیه در حال رشد و توسعه هستند.
قیمت آپارتمان ها رو به افزایش است و بازار زیتون بورنو شروع به رشد کرده است. پروژه های املاک و مستغلات افزایش یافته، که ارزش این منطقه را برای سرمایه گذاری دو برابر کرده و قیمت املاک را افزایش داده است.
چرا زندگی در آپارتمان های زیتینبورنو؟
- زیتون بورنو یکی از مهمترین مناطق استانبول اروپا است ، منطقه ای که هم از تکامل و هم تاریخ استفاده می کند.
- زیتون بورنو استانبول یکی از مناطق ساحلی پربازدید است که با سرعت توسعه می یابد و از نظر فرهنگی شتاب می گیرد، این یک موزه در فضای باز است.
- از نظر تجاری ، این یک مقصد برای خرید ، پوشاک و دوستداران مرکز چرم در ترکیه است.
- استانداردهای زندگی هر روز در زیتون بورنو رو به افزایش است و سرمایه گذاری های جدید ، صنعتی ، تجاری و املاک و مستغلات را به خود جلب می کند.
- زیتون بورنو با داشتن رستوران های مجلل و مراکز خرید بزرگ مانند مرکز خرید کاپاسیتی (Capacity Mall) و مرکز خرید الیویوم (Outlet Olivium) و همچنین بیمارستان ها و مراکز آموزشی مانند دانشگاه ها ، مدارس و امکانات اجتماعی و محلی ، از یک محیط اجتماعی و زندگی لوکس برخوردار است.
- مجتمع های مسکونی لوکس با چشم انداز خیره کننده از دریا در این منطقه در دسترس هستند. سیستم های خانه های هوشمند به شما امکان می دهند خانه خود را از هر نقطه از راه دور کنترل کنید و راحتی به سبک زندگی خود اضافه کنید که ظریف و مجلل است.
- بیشتر مجتمع های مسکونی در زیتون بورنو دارای امکانات خدماتی ضروری از قبیل پارکینگ سرپوشیده، باشگاه ورزشی ، ژنراتورها ، چند آسانسور و موارد دیگر هستند.
- فضای سبز ، استخرهای بی نظیر و بازی های کودکان در سراسر شهرداری استانبول و مجتمع های مسکونی آن پخش شده است.
ویرایش توسط: شرکت امتلاک ©
گزارش منطقه زیتون بورنو
جمعیت
میانگین سن
قیمت های ملک
محبوب ترین شهرها برای سرمایه گذاران خارجی
ملیت هایی که بیشترین مالکیت در ترکیه را داشتند<|endoftext|>Listeriosisin tetikleyici maddesine listeria denir. Bu bakteriler çevrede her yerde bulunur. Öncelikle kontamine hayvansal gıdaların tüketilmesi yoluyla bulaşır. Enfeksiyon genellikle zararsızdır. Ancak, yaşlılar, doğmamış bebekler ve yeni doğanlar için tehlikeli olabilir.
Bir bakışta
- Listeriosis, Listeria bakterilerinin neden olduğu, gıda kaynaklı bir enfeksiyondur. Bu bakteriler insanlarda, hayvanlarda ve çevrede bulunur.
- Gıda, üretim ve işleme sırasında Listeria ile kontamine olabilir. Tüketildiğinde vücuda girerler.
- Nadiren bazı kişilerde, patojenler kan yoluyla yayılır ve yaşamı tehdit eden sepsisi tetikler.
- Listeriosis genellikle hafif seyreder. Bununla birlikte, doğmamış bebeklerde, yenidoğanlarda, yaşlılarda veya bağışıklık sistemi zayıflamış kişilerde ciddi ve ölümcül seyredebilir.
- Taze yiyecek satın alarak ve bunları hızlı bir şekilde tüketerek enfeksiyon önlenebilir.
- Risk grubundaki kişiler ayrıca belirli ürünlerden kaçınmalıdır.
Not: Bu yazıdaki bilgiler bir doktor muayenesinin yerini tutamaz ve kişinin kendi kendine teşhis yapabilmesi veya tedavi etmesi için kullanılmamalıdır.
Listeriosis nedir?
Listeriosis, gıda kaynaklı, yani gıda yoluyla bulaşabilen bir hastalıktır. Etken patojen, Listeria monocytogenes bakterisidir. Bu bakteriler çevrede her yerde bulunur.
Enfeksiyon genellikle hafif seyreder, ancak bazen kan zehirlenmesi veya menenjit gibi hayatı tehdit eden komplikasyonlarla şiddetli hale gelebilir. Yaşlı insanlar ve bağışıklık sistemi zayıf olan kişiler ile doğmamış bebekler ve yeni doğanlar yüksek risk altındadır.
Semptomlar ortaya çıkması durumunda, enfeksiyon Listeria'ya karşı etkili olan antibiyotiklerle tedavi edilir.
Enfeksiyona karşı korunmak için taze gıda alınması ve kısa süre içerisinde tüketilmesi tavsiye edilir.
Risk grubundaki kişiler de somon, sucuk veya taze peynir gibi yiyeceklerden kaçınarak kendilerini koruyabilirler.
Önemli bilgi: Gıda üreticileri, ürünleri Listeria için kontrol etmek ve güvenliklerini sağlamak için düzenli olarak numune almakla yükümlüdür. Bu yükümlülüğe uyulup uyulmadığı yetkili makam tarafından kontrol edilir.
Listeriosiste hangi semptomlar görülür?
Bağışıklık sistemi sağlam olan kişilerde Listeria enfeksiyonu genellikle hiçbir belirti göstermez. Bu durumda gastrointestinal sistem listeria ile sadece geçici olarak kolonize olur.
Bazen kısa bir süreliğine ishal ve hafif ateş görülür. Enfeksiyondan semptomların ortaya çıkmasına kadar geçen süre birkaç saat ile 14 gün arasındadır, hamileler içinse daha uzun sürebilir.
Listeriosis gelişen hamileler genellikle sadece hafif, grip benzeri semptomlara sahiptir, ancak doğmamış çocuk ciddi şekilde etkilenebilir.
Zayıflamış bir bağışıklık sistemine sahip kişilerde, semptomlar genellikle daha belirgindir. Ateş ve kas ağrısı gibi grip benzeri semptomlar daha sonra ortaya çıkar, ayrıca ishal ve kusma da görülür.
Doğumda enfeksiyon kapan ve yaşamın ilk haftasında hastalanan yenidoğanlarda kan zehirlenmesi belirtileri, ciddi solunum yetmezliği ve cilt hasarı görülür.
Listeriosis nasıl oluşur?
Listeriosisin en yaygın nedeni Listeria monocytogenes bakterisidir. Diğer Listeria türleri, hastalıktan çok nadiren sorumludur.
Listeria çevrede her yerde bulunur. Esas olarak kanalizasyonda, toprakta ve hayvan yemlerinde bulunurlar. Bu nedenle hayvansal ve bitkisel gıdaları kontamine edebilirler.
Listeria, hem üretim hem de sonraki işlemler sırasında gıdaya geçebilir.
Listeria özellikle aşağıdakiler gibi hayvansal ürünlerde yaygındır:
- et ve et ürünleri, özellikle kıyılmış et ve çiğ sosis
- kümes hayvanları
- balık ve balık ürünleri, özellikle füme somon veya alabalık gibi tütsülenmiş balıklar
- süt ve süt ürünleri, özellikle peynir, çiğ süt ve çiğ süt ürünleri
Bununla birlikte, Listeria, bitki bazlı gıdalarda, özellikle önceden kesilmiş salatalarda da oluşabilir.
Listeriosis nasıl bulaşır?
Listeria ile genellikle, kontamine olmuş yiyecekleri yediğinizde enfekte olursunuz. Hamilelik sırasında bir enfeksiyon meydana gelirse, Listeria doğmamış çocuğa plasenta ve göbek kordonu yoluyla bulaşır. Çocuğun doğum sırasında veya sonrasında anne ile yakın temas yoluyla enfekte olması da mümkündür.
En çok kimler listeriosis riski altındadır?
Zayıflamış bir bağışıklık sistemi olan tüm insanlar, ciddi listeriosis geliştirme riski taşırlar. Bunlar şunları içerir:
- doğmamış bebekler ve yeni doğanlar, çünkü bağışıklık sistemleri olgunlaşmamıştır
- yaşlı insanlar, çünkü bağışıklık sistemi yaşla birlikte zayıflar
- kanser veya HIV enfeksiyonu gibi bağışıklık sistemini zayıflatan hastalıkları olan kişiler
- örneğin bir organ nakli sonrasında bağışıklık sistemini baskılayan ilaçlar alan kişiler
- düzenli olarak proton pompası inhibitörleri alan kişiler. Bunlar mide asidi üretimini engelleyen ilaçlardır.
Listeriosis ne kadar yaygındır?
Listeriosis vakalarının sayısı yıldan yıla dalgalanmaktadır. Almanya'da her yıl ortalama yaklaşık 200 ila 800 vaka meydana gelmektedir.
Her on hastadan biri hamile veya yeni doğandır. Bunun dışında, 50 yaş üstü ve özellikle önceden belli hastalıkları olan kişilerde listeriosis görülür. Bu hastalığa erkekler kadınlardan daha sık yakalanır.
Listeriosis hangi sonuçlara neden olabilir?
Listeria ile enfekte olan her 100 kişiden 30'unda kan zehirlenmesi (sepsis) veya pürülan menenjit gelişir. Bu genellikle yenidoğanları ve bağışıklığı baskılanmış kişileri etkiler.
Bakteriler vücuda yayılırsa, örneğin eklemlerde veya kalp kapakçıklarında başka yerlerde de pürülan iltihap odakları gelişebilir.
Hamilelik sırasında Listeria enfeksiyonu erken doğum veya ölü doğum ile sonuçlanabilir.
Listeriosis yaygın bir gıda kaynaklı enfeksiyon değildir, ancak en yüksek ölüm oranına sahip olanıdır. Ciddi derecede hasta olan her 100 kişiden yaklaşık 7'si bundan ölmektedir.
Listeriosis nasıl önlenir?
Listeria kontaminasyonu, hayvansal ve bitki bazlı gıdaların işlenmesi, paketlenmesi ve hazırlanması sırasında meydana gelebilir.
Enfeksiyonları ve büyük salgınları önlemek için Almanya ve diğer AB ülkelerinde rastgele gıda örnekleri düzenli olarak Listeria için test edilir.
Listeria esas olarak tüketilmeden önce ısıtılmamış hayvansal gıdalarda bulunur. Vakum paketleme ve buzdolabında saklamaya rağmen gıda üzerinde çoğalabilirler. Bu nedenle alışveriş sonrası vakumlu gıdaları olabildiğince çabuk tüketmelisiniz. Listeria yiyecekleri bozmadığı için görünüşünden veya kokusundan yiyeceğin kontamine olup olmadığını anlayamazsınız.
Hamileler, yaşlılar ve bağışıklık sistemi zayıf olan kişiler gibi risk grubundaki kişiler ayrıca aşağıdaki gıdalardan da kaçınmalıdır:
- kıyma gibi çiğ et ürünleri ve salam gibi çiğ sosisler
- çiğ, tütsülenmiş veya marine edilmiş balık veya balık ürünleri
- çiğ sütten yapılan sert ve yumuşak peynirler
- önceden kesilmiş, paketlenmiş yaprak salataları
Gıda enfeksiyonları ve gıdalarla uğraşırken nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği hakkında daha fazla bilgiyi Gıda hijyeni: Patojenler için şans yok makalesinde bulabilirsiniz.
Kendinizi Listeria enfeksiyonlarına karşı nasıl koruyacağınızla ilgili ayrıntılı bilgi, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (Federal Risk Değerlendirme Enstitüsü) tüketici ipuçlarında bulunabilir.
Listeriosis nasıl teşhis edilir?
Doktorlar semptomlara ve tıbbi geçmişe dayanarak Listeriosisten şüphelenirlerse, genellikle kandan veya beyin omurilik sıvısından - bu, omurganın omurilik kanalında omuriliği çevreleyen sıvıdır - bir örnek alırlar.
Hangi semptomların mevcut olduğuna bağlı olarak, irin, dışkı veya vajinal salgılar gibi daha fazla test materyali alınır.
Numuneler daha sonra laboratuvarda patojen için incelenebilir. Listeria tespit edilirse, doktorlar hastalığı sağlık departmanına bildirmelidir.
Yetkililer bu durumda enfeksiyonun nereden geldiğini bulmak için ayrıca bir soruşturma yürütür.
Listeriosis nasıl tedavi edilir?
Doktorlar genellikle Listeriosisi iki farklı antibiy
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BONANOMI
03_CONTRADA DI CARNASINO
04_STRETTA DELLA CASERMA
05_PIAZZA DEL CASTELLO
06_CONTRADA DEL CATENA
07_CINQUE VIE<|endoftext|>به گزارش اسپوتنیک به نقل از شبکه تلویزیونی المسیره، در روز یکشنبه 29 دسامبر به نقل از سخنگوی ارتش حوثی ها به رویترز اطلاع داد، که حوثی های متحد ایران در یمن اعلام کرده اند که شش مکان "حساس" در عربستان سعودی و سه مکان دیگر در امارات متحده عربی در لیست اهداف مورد نظر برای حمله قرار دارند.
حوثی ها در ماه سپتامبر اعلام کردند، در صورت توقف حملات مخالفانشان به یمن، حوثی ها نیز حملات موشکی و هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین خود به عربستان را متوقف می کنند.<|endoftext|>RNA can form complex 3D shapes, which facilitates interactions with other molecules and gives rise to many important functions of post-transcriptional control. Chemical structure probing methods can identify RNA regions that can be chemically modified and with a modelling input each nucleotide can be predicted as structurally flexible or not. Recent methods can identify the interacting sites of RNA and proteins. The aim is to integrate these data sources in a Hidden Markov Model to see what new information about RNA structure the protein binding provides. The model will be applied within a collaborative project to study Motor Neurone Disease.<|endoftext|>In 1965 Gordon Moore, the founder of Intel, predicted that the number of components that could fit on a microchip would double every year for the next decade.
Moore revised his prediction in 1975 to a doubling of components every two years – a prophecy that remained true for another four decades.
The ramifications on the world of technology and, by extension, society itself of what is now known as "Moore’s Law" have proven immeasurable.
The doubling of transistors – semi-conductor devices that switch electronic signals and power – meant that technology would become exponentially more powerful, smaller and cheaper.
The fact that the smartphone in your pocket is now many thousands times more powerful than mainframe computers the size of buildings in the 1970s is a testament to this fact.
But over the past few years, Moore’s Law has begun to reach its natural end as we squeeze every nanometer of advancement out of silicon chips.
Transistors are now getting too small to manufacture efficiently. Intel itself delayed the release of its 10 nanometer – or a millionth of a millimeter – chip in 2016 to earlier this year, as it struggled to keep the chips functioning, while its 7nm successor is on track for 2021.
By the mid-2020s it is believed that the Law will have plateaued completely as production costs increase and transistors reach their physical limits.It is predicted that the machines needed to produce such bewilderingly tiny components will cost $10bn (£7.6bn).
“Below 20nm transistors cease to get more efficient or more cost-effective as you continue to shrink them,” says Stephen Furber, Professor of Computer Engineering at the University of Manchester. “Sure, they get smaller, and you can fit more on a chip, but the other historic benefits of shrinkage no longer apply.”
With Moore’s Law effectively becoming economically unsound, the technology industry will need to become more creative without an established blueprint to follow. As a result, a new era in computing could follow.
“This may not be noticeable for some time because hardware design has not been efficient because Moore’s law has given manufacturers a free ride,” says Noel Sharkey, professor of AI at Sheffield University.
“The task now will be to take hardware up to as close to 100pc efficiency over the coming decade and that will keep processing power moving along. After that, it is anyone’s guess.”
A computer brain
Some experts believe the next step is to use chips inspired by the human brain, building ‘artificial neural networks’ to accelerate artificial intelligence. Such systems can learn without being programmed with set tasks, using connecting artificial neurons based on their biological equivalent and fired by connections similar to synapses in the brain.
“The explosive developments over the last 15 years in machine learning and AI have been paralleled by developments in more brain-inspired approaches; neuromorphics,” says Furber.
“Although developed primarily for brain science, there is growing interest in commercial applications of neuromorphics, though nothing compelling yet. If and when there is a breakthrough in our understanding of how the brain works, this should unleash another huge leap forward in machine learning and AI.”
With big tech companies like Google, Microsoft and Facebook increasingly using AI solutions and algorithms, neural network processors (NNPs) are a big new market for chip producers.
American company Nvidia, best known for its development of video game graphic cards, announced its $2bn Tesla 100P chip in 2016 that puts more power into deep learning.
And Intel demonstrated its own NNP last month, with Naveen Rao, corporate vice president and general manager of the Artificial Intelligence Products Group at Intel, saying that he expects the company’s AI solutions to have generated $3.5bn in revenue this year.
Perhaps more presciently, Rao also claimed that neural network models are becoming ten times more complex each year, growing at an exponential rate greater than any technology transition he is aware of.
Further away, but potentially more broadly disruptive for the computing industry is the advent of quantum computing. Whereas traditional computing operates in binary, storing data as electrical signals in two states (1s and 0s), quantum computing is able to access data in a variety of states simultaneously in memory units called qubits.
Companies around the world, including in the UK, are feverishly working on methods to successfully build the new frontier of tech.
“There are numerous ways to build quantum computers,” says Winfried Hensinger, the Professor of Quantum Technologies at the University of Sussex who is working on a quantum computer with company Universal Quantum.
“We are using silicon microchips that host arrays of electrodes. These electrodes emit electric fields that can trap individual charged atoms just above the surface of the microchip. Each atom forms a quantum bit.”
Currently, quantum computing is in its infancy, with no one yet to build a quantum computer that can outperform a traditional supercomputer. But so-called "quantum supremacy" is considered one of the holy grails of science and could lead to previously unimaginable computing speeds. The director of Google’s Quantum AI Labs, Hartmut Neven, has even proposed a new rule to supersede Moore’s Law.
Neven claims that quantum computing is growing at a "doubly exponential" rate to traditional computing. If that pace applied to conventional computing, so the theory goes, we would all have had smartphones in our pockets by the 1980s.
Hensinger says that quantum computers could be used for tackling some of the most interesting problems, “creating new pharmaceuticals, understanding protein folding in order to find a cure for dementia or ground-breaking applications for the financial sector”.
Earlier this year, Google claimed that it had achieved quantum supremacy when its 54-qubit ‘Sycamore’ computer was able to perform a calculation in 200 seconds that would have taken the world’s most powerful supercomputer 10,000 years. Quantum competitor IBM refuted the claims, however, arguing that a classical system could achieve the results "with higher fidelity" in just 2.5 days.
Head in the clouds, but what does it mean for us?
What does the end of Moore’s Law mean for the average consumer? In the short-term, probably not a lot. Most consumer devices use chips that are a few generations behind the most cutting-edge technology. And with Moore’s Law set to apply for another five years, the supercomputer in your pocket is likely to be able to improve for a while yet.
“The end-user will continue to see progress for some time,” says Furber. “Hardware stagnation creates an opportunity for the software to catch up, and there is at least another decade of progress available from improvements in software along with AI accelerators.”
Cloud computing is another way that the advancements of processing power could continue even if Moore’s Law is coming to an end. With swathes of tasks performed by data-centers with stacks of computing power, the microchips in your local hardware will become less important to a device’s capability.
But even those sprawling data-centers will have finite room for improvement if Moore’s Law came to an end. The big tech owners that provide much of the world’s cloud infrastructure – Amazon, Microsoft, Google – are the first customers to buy into a new generation of microprocessors.
Some even believe that Moore’s Law has held back computing development in recent years and that’s its accepted end will be a new dawn for innovation in technology.
“Moore’s ‘law’ came to an end over 20 years ago,” says David May, professor of Computer Science at Bristol University and lead architect of the influential "transputer" chip. “Only the massive growth of the PC market then the smartphone market made it possible to invest enough to sustain it.
“There’s now an opportunity for new approaches both to software and to processor architecture. And there are plenty of ideas – some of them have been waiting for 25 years. This presents a great opportunity for innovators – and for investors.”<|endoftext|>古人真会将物品放入袖中吗？怎么能行走自如、保证东西不掉呢
摘要：北京时间20191203关于【古人真会将物品放入袖中吗？怎么能行走自如、保证东西不掉呢】的具体情况和说明，让www.glinde.cn新闻频道的以图文形式为您慢慢道来。
我们看古装剧的时候，经常会看到这样的画面，剧中的人穿着宽大的袍子，从袖子中还能掏出许多诸如钱袋，手帕之类随身携带的物品，真正的古人也喜欢将东西装在袖子中吗，走路的时候东西难道不会掉出来吗？
让我们了解一下古人的穿着和袖子的设计。古人的袖子也分为好多种：
首先是直袖，而直袖又可以分为窄袖和广袖。窄袖，顾名思义，就是袖口特别窄的袖子，所以这种袖子一般是不能放东西进去的。
其次是广袖，就是我们大家经常看到的古代电视剧上的古人的袖子。这种袖子袖口特别宽，从上到下它是先窄后宽的，这种袖子主要适用于官员这种达官显贵的衣服，所以这种袖子一般也不能放东西进去。但是这种袖子可以在袖子里面缝一个或两个口袋，缝了口袋以后，就可以装东西进去了。
在古代，广袖是达官显贵的人的象征，官员们他们在上朝的时候，或者觐见圣上的时候，总之就是特别正式的场合，就会穿这种宽大衣服，而他们为了方便，会在袖子里面缝上口袋。
而且像古人这种在袖子里缝口袋也是有技巧的，就是袖子里的口袋开口的方向要和袖子的方向是相反的，比如说，我们的袖口是向下的，那么袖子里的口袋的开口就是向上的，而且口袋的口子要比整个口袋小，就是我们数学上讲的梯形。
还有我们要知道的是，古人十分讲究礼仪，他们在穿衣服时，手臂不可以露出来，所以他们会将口袋缝在手肘的部分，这样拿东西出来的时候，就不会将手臂露出来了。而且袖子中的口袋如果缝的比较深的话，可以减少口袋中的物品掉出来的概率，这样也会使袖子中的物品更安全，所以古人在袖子中也可以放一些钱财和贵重的东西。
所以这样，当古人把钱袋、手帕什么的放袖子里，即使走路的时候双手下垂或者作揖，袖子里面的东西也不会掉出来。
还有一种袖子就是是箭袖，箭袖就是袖子从上到下越来越窄，袖根特别肥，袖口特别窄，所以一般仅仅能容得下一只手通过。因为这种袖口窄，所以古人在骑马射箭时穿就很方便，所以古人称之为箭袖。
所以古人只有在穿带有广袖之类的衣服时，才会将东西放在袖子里，而不是所有时间都将东西放在袖子里的，而因为这些袖子的特殊构造，东西才不会掉出来。
当然，如果你以为古人的袖子只是用来装东西这一种用途的，那你就错了。因为古人的衣袖还有毛巾、手帕、礼仪等许多额外的功能。古人在一些宴会上，吃东西或者喝酒，会用宽大的袖子挡住，来凸显礼仪，也会用袖子擦嘴。
所以这样说古人的袖子其实用处很多，装东西只是一方面，而且凭借古人的智慧，怎么会让袖子中的东西轻易掉出来呢。<|endoftext|>Significant Points of Dentist Career
- Most dentists are solo practitioners.
- Dentists usually complete at least 8 years of education beyond high school.
- Average employment growth will generate some job openings, but most openings will result from the need to replace the large number of dentists expected to retire.
- Job prospects should be good.
Dentists diagnose and treat problems with teeth and tissues in the mouth, along with giving advice and administering care to help prevent future problems. They provide instruction on diet, brushing, flossing, the use of fluorides, and other aspects of dental care. They remove tooth decay, fill cavities, examine x rays, place protective plastic sealants on children's teeth, straighten teeth, and repair fractured teeth. They also perform corrective surgery on gums and supporting bones to treat gum diseases. Dentists extract teeth and make models and measurements for dentures to replace missing teeth. They also administer anesthetics and write prescriptions for antibiotics and other medications.
Dentists use a variety of equipment, including x-ray machines, drills, mouth mirrors, probes, forceps, brushes, and scalpels. They wear masks, gloves, and safety glasses to protect themselves and their patients from infectious diseases.
Dentists in private practice oversee a variety of administrative tasks, including bookkeeping and the buying of equipment and supplies. They may employ and supervise dental hygienists, dental assistants, dental laboratory technicians, and receptionists. (These occupations are described elsewhere in the Handbook.)
Most dentists are general practitioners, handling a variety of dental needs. Other dentists practice in any of nine specialty areas. Orthodontists, the largest group of specialists, straighten teeth by applying pressure to the teeth with braces or retainers. The next largest group,Orthodontists, operates on the mouth and jaws. The remainder may specialize as pediatric dentists (focusing on dentistry for children); periodontists (treating gums and bone supporting the teeth); prosthodontists (replacing missing teeth with permanent fixtures, such as crowns and bridges, or with removable fixtures such as dentures); endodontists (performing root canal therapy); public health dentists (promoting good dental health and preventing dental diseases within the community); oral pathologists (studying oral diseases); or oral and maxillofacial radiologists (diagnosing diseases in the head and neck through the use of imaging technologies).
Work environment. Most dentists are solo practitioners, meaning that they own their own businesses and work alone or with a small staff. Some dentists have partners, and a few work for other dentists as associate dentists.
Most dentists work 4 or 5 days a week. Some work evenings and weekends to meet their patients' needs. The number of hours worked varies greatly among dentists. Most full-time dentists work between 35 and 40 hours a week. However, others, especially those who are trying to establish a new practice, work more. Also, experienced dentists often work fewer hours. It is common for dentists to continue in part-time practice well beyond the usual retirement age.
Dentist Training and Qualifications
All 50 States and the District of Columbia require dentists to be licensed. To qualify for a license in most States, candidates must graduate from an accredited dental school and pass written and practical examinations.
Education and training. In 2006, there were 56 dental schools accredited by the American Dental Association's (ADA's) Commission on Dental Accreditation. Dental schools require a minimum of 2 years of college-level predental education prior to admittance. Most dental students have at least a bachelor's degree before entering dental school, although a few applicants are accepted to dental school after 2 or 3 years of college and complete their bachelor's degree while attending dental school.
High school and college students who want to become dentists should take courses in biology, chemistry, physics, health, and mathematics. College undergraduates planning on applying to dental school are required to take many science courses. Because of this, some choose a major in a science, such as biology or chemistry, while others take the required science coursework while pursuing a major in another subject.
All dental schools require applicants to take the Dental Admissions Test (DAT). When selecting students, schools consider scores earned on the DAT, applicants' grade point averages, and information gathered through recommendations and interviews. Competition for admission to dental school is keen.
Dental school usually lasts 4 academic years. Studies begin with classroom instruction and laboratory work in science, including anatomy, microbiology, biochemistry, and physiology. Beginning courses in clinical sciences, including laboratory techniques, are also completed. During the last 2 years, students treat patients, usually in dental clinics, under the supervision of licensed dentists. Most dental schools award the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS). Others award an equivalent degree, Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD).
Some dental school graduates work for established dentists as associates for 1 to 2 years to gain experience and save money to equip an office of their own. Most dental school graduates, however, purchase an established practice or open a new one immediately after graduation.
Licensure. Licensing is required to practice as a dentist. In most States, licensure requires passing written and practical examinations in addition to having a degree from an accredited dental school. Candidates may fulfill the written part of the State licensing requirements by passing the National Board Dental Examinations. Individual States or regional testing agencies administer the written or practical examinations.
In 2006, 17 States licensed or certified dentists who intended to practice in a specialty area. Requirements include 2 to 4 years of postgraduate education and, in some cases, the completion of a special State examination. Most State licenses permit dentists to engage in both general and specialized practice.
Other qualifications. Dentistry requires diagnostic ability and manual skills. Dentists should have good visual memory, excellent judgment regarding space, shape, and color, a high degree of manual dexterity, and scientific ability. Good business sense, self-discipline, and good communication skills are helpful for success in private practice.
Advancement. Dentists who want to teach or conduct research usually spend an additional 2 to 5 years in advanced dental training, in programs operated by dental schools or hospitals. A recent survey by the American Dental Education Association showed that 11 percent of new graduates enrolled in postgraduate training programs to prepare for a dental specialty.
Dentists held about 161,000 jobs in 2006. Employment was distributed among general practitioners and specialists as follows:
About one third of dentists were
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commercio, Robert Lighthizer, accompagnato da un piccola delegazione di funzionari volerà in Cina lunedì per quello che è il primo incontro faccia a faccia da maggio nell'ambito delle trattative commerciali fra gli Stati Uniti e Pechino. Lighthizer sarà a Shanghai fino a mercoledì. Lo riportano i media americani citando un funzionario dell'amministrazione Trump.<|endoftext|>Best. Photobomb. Ever.
Inghilterra e Galles entrano nel 21° secolo.
Dio approva.
Se odiate gli omosessuali, le persone di altro colore o le donne, per favore,
non venite ai nostri concerti e non comprate i nostri dischi.
Kurt Cobain
Sosteniamo la separazione tra Chiesa e odio
In tre mesi, negli Stati Uniti NOVE giudici federali hanno emesso
sentenze favorevoli alla libertà di sposarsi
Entro il 2015 il matrimonio LGBT potrebbe essere
riconosciuto in tutti gli Stati Uniti
I giochi non hanno un genere
Secondo PolicyMic, Bali (Indonesia) è la metà più
gay-friendly per le vacanze
Honey Maid risponde agli omofobi<|endoftext|>"O bana yemeğini teklif eder."
Çeviri:She offers me her food.
38 Yorum
Hayir, "he offers him = O ona ... teklif eder". "He offers me = O bana ... teklif eder" "He offers HIS food to me doğru"
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'he offers his food to me' de kabul edilmiyor ilginç şekilde. bir yanlışlık mı var ?
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She kullandım he olucakmis o anlamında degilmi 2 side çok saçma yapmışsinız insanların en ufak hatasinda yanlis gosteriyor morelini bozuyor bu uygulama insanın bu yanlıs algilama sistemini degistirin lütfen en ufak imla hatasinda yanlis diyor
"he offers me its food" derken o bana onun yemeğini ikram eder olmaz mı sonuçta burda ikram edilen its diye bahsedilen başka birinin yemeği değil mi
He offers me your food. derken de senin yemeğin demiyormu neden olmuyor senin yemeğini bana teklif ediyordur.
he offers me her food yazdim yanlis dedi he yerine she olmali dedi cok sacma ben oymamiyom çok küstümmm
she offers me her meal yazdım kabul etmesi gerkiyordu. food yiyecek meal yemek demektir
she offers me her food ve he offers me her food (ikiside o bana yemeğini teklif eder, neden sadece she olanı kabul ediyor???)
He ve She yazanı seçtim doğrusu She olanmış birinde bir erkek birinde bir bayan yemeğini teklif ediyor her ikisi de doğru olması lazım bence.
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"he offers me its food" ile "he offers me his food" arasındaki fark ne ? Cansız varlıklar teklif edemez diye mi yoksa başka bi sebebi var diye mi kabul etmedi ?<|endoftext|>Before New York became New York City, it was a trading post run by the Dutch, a hub of mercantile exchange and the largest settlement in New Holland, which extended from present-day New England to the Mid-Atlantic. In the absence of art galleries, academies, and courts, the borders between art, science, and commerce were more fluid than today, and the material culture of New Amsterdam reflects the complex channels of circulation in ideas, images, print material, and goods crossing the Atlantic Ocean in those first two centuries of exploration. Sarah Monks, a specialist in British art, will ground the discussion in the concept of the Atlantic World, a wide geographical and cultural space composed of numerous nations and motivations. Christopher Heuer will speak about New Amsterdam as a city, making reference to the earliest maps and drawings of the city, and demonstrating disconnects between the planned form, the represented appearance, and the actual layout of the city that are, he argues, specifically Dutch.
- Christopher Heuer, Associate Director, Research and Academic Program, The Clark Art Institute
- Sarah Monks, Lecturer in European Art History, School of Art, Media and American Studies, University of East Anglia
This event is free and open to the public. It will be held in English. Please RSVP by March 14 to:
“Delirious New Amsterdam” is the second event in the conference series “Holland-America: A Transatlantic Dialogue, from 1609 to Today.” For more information about the series, please visit:<|endoftext|>补偿责任与补充责任的区别？
1、赔偿顺序不同。 连带赔偿责任的顺序是各个责任人不分先后次序的根据权利人的请求承担责任；补充赔偿责任的顺序是主责任人不能承担赔偿时，由与其有特定联系的人予以承担赔偿责任。
2、责任划分不同。 连带责任为数个独立的给付责任，是复数之债，无主次责任人之分；补充责任也是复数之债，但有主责任人和补充责任人的划分，其中的补充责任是依附于主责任才成立的。
3、责任成立条件不同。 连带责任须在法律有明文规定或当事人有明确约定时才可成立；补充责任是基于与主责任人的某种特定法律关系或因为存在某种与债务相关的过错而承担补充清偿的民事责任，不以法律明文规定或当事人的明确约定为成立的要件。 连带责任是指各个责任人对外都不分份额，不分先后次序地根据权利人的请求承担责任，包括法定连带责任和约定连带责任；补充责任是指因同一债务，在主责任人财产不足给付时，由补充责任人基于与主责任人的某种特定法律关系而承担补充清偿的民事责任。
补充责任和相应责任的区别？
补充责任是指经过研究或存在共同范畴，区分责任造成对方有异议，临时决定进行补充或补救措施，而相应责任是指双方存在共同范畴，对承担责任所造成的后果产生相应的责任。一个是存在异议，一个是产生共性，所产生的效力和责任是不同的。
补充责任什么意思？
补充责任是在原来的责任上再增加点责任
指除此之外还要承担的后果
到此，以上就是小编对于补充责任分类的问题就介绍到这了，希望介绍的3点解答对大家有用，有任何问题和不懂的，欢迎各位老师在评论区讨论，给我留言。<|endoftext|>Carles Puigdemont – ex presidente della Generalitat catalana, attualmente eurodeputato – è stato arrestato nella serata del 24 settembre ad Alghero, dove avrebbe dovuto presenziare ad un convegno organizzato dagli indipendentisti sardi. La misura è stata assunta in esecuzione di un mandato d’arresto europeo richiesto dall’autorità giudiziaria spagnola in relazione allo svolgimento del referendum sull’indipendenza della Catalogna del 2017.
La vicenda – della quale ci siamo già occupati in questa sede – rappresenta l’ultimo episodio di una saga assai articolata Come si è avuto modo di approfondire, alla fine del marzo scorso il Parlamento europeo aveva revocato l’immunità parlamentare dei tre eurodeputati indipendentisti catalani. Con un’ordinanza del luglio 2021, la Corte di Giustizia aveva rigettato la richiesta di sospensione della revoca dell’immunità, sulla base della circostanza che, fintantoché il giudice europeo non avesse deciso sul rinvio pregiudiziale proposto dall’autorità giudiziaria spagnola sui limiti del mandato d’arresto europeo, non veniva ravvisato alcun pericolo di limitazione della libertà personale dei ricorrenti.
Peraltro, l’ordinanza precisa che qualora tale eventualità dovesse presentarsi rimarrebbe sempre aperta la possibilità di esaminare una nuova istanza di sospensione della revoca dell’immunità in via cautelare, al fine di neutralizzare qualsiasi pericolo per l’esercizio del mandato parlamentare (p.to 60). Quest’ultima previsione suscita, però, più di qualche dubbio: subordinare la sospensione della revoca dell’immunità parlamentare alla circostanza che si palesi un pericolo rappresentato da una limitazione della libertà personale appare poco ragionevole, se si considera che in questo modo la prerogativa tornerebbe efficace solo dopo che la lesione si è prodotta. In questo modo potrebbe accadere che l’esercizio del mandato parlamentare sia inibito nel tempo intercorrente tra l’arresto ed il successivo ed eventuale giudizio cautelare di fronte alla Corte di Giustizia, rischio che si sta ponendo in concreto nello scenario attuale. Considerato che il giudizio di annullamento della revoca dell’immunità è ancora pendente – come lo è il rinvio pregiudiziale spagnolo sul mandato di arresto europeo – forse avrebbe prodotto meno complicazioni mantenere l’operatività dell’immunità parlamentare fino alla definizione dei due giudizi, invece di agganciarla ed eventi allora futuri e incerti, quali la probabilità che venga eseguito o meno un mandato d’arresto europeo già emesso da uno Stato membro.
Le questioni sottese all’arresto di Puigdemont in Sardegna si intersecano, quindi, in una vicenda complessa e, come abbiamo visto, abbastanza lunga.
Innanzitutto, ci si deve domandare se l’ordine d’arresto spagnolo sia attivo o meno. Infatti nell’order del 30 luglio 2021 della Corte di Giustizia che respinse il ricorso di Puigdemont contro la revoca dell’immunità si legge che “the Spanish authorities also expressly stated that that request called for the suspension of the national arrest warrants issued against the applicants and entailed the suspension of any procedure for the execution of a European arrest warrant that may have been initiated. They also stated that no court of the European Union could execute the European arrest warrants at issue until the Court of Justice had given a ruling” (punto 54) e che “there is nothing to suggest that the Belgian judicial authorities or the authorities of another Member State could execute the European arrest warrants issued against the applicants and could surrender them to the Spanish authorities” (punto 56). Ora le strade sono due: o l’autorità italiana ha fermato per un errore Puigdemont perché il mandato di arresto è stato effettivamente sospeso (da quello che risulta, Puigdemont ha lasciato il Belgio ben sei volte da quando ha perso l’immunità, senza mai venire arrestato) oppure la Spagna non ha mai sospeso l’ordine, al contrario di come ha affermato alla Corte di Giustizia. In questo secondo caso sarebbe stato realizzato un comportamento sleale. Infatti, da come emerge dal provvedimento della Corte di Giustizia, non sarebbe stata concessa la revoca dell’immunità senza questo passaggio fondamentale. Si può dubitare se la decisione di Lussemburgo sia effettivamente corretta, perché si è basata su promesse e intenzioni più che sui fatti, ma forse il non aver sospeso il mandato d’arresto è un comportamento molto grave (il giudice Llarena ha subito inviato il mandato di cattura alla Corte d’Appello sarda, ritenendolo, quindi, valido ed efficace). La Corte d’Appello di Sassari, competente a decidere l’estradizione, dovrà tenere conto delle basi sulle quali è stato pronunciato l’order della CGUE e dei dubbi sul comportamento della Spagna.
In secondo luogo, sarà necessario verificare la corrispondenza tra i reati contestati al leader catalano e quelli previsti dall’ordinamento penale italiano e tra i più delicati c’è quello di sedizione. Per l’art. 544 del Código penal spagnolo “sono rei di sedizione coloro che, non compresi nel reato di ribellione si sollevino pubblicamente ed in forma di tumulto, per impedire con la forza o al di fuori delle vie legali, l’applicazione delle Leggi o il legittimo esercizio delle funzioni, il rispetto degli accordi, o delle risoluzioni amministrative e giuridiche, a qualsiasi autorità, corporazione ufficiale o funzionario pubblico”. Il reato di sedizione altri paesi europei viene sempre accompagnato ad atti di violenza. Nell’ordinamento italiano, infatti, non esiste una fattispecie simile e difficilmente può essere equiparata alla radunata sediziosa ex art. 655 c.p. o alla “devastazione o saccheggio” (419 c.p. e nel referendum del 2017 non si realizzarono né devastazioni o saccheggi). L’art. 241 c.p. riguardante l’“attentato contro l’integrità, l’indipendenza o l’unità dello Stato” non può essere applicato perché dal 2006 si richiede che siano realizzati “atti violenti diretti e idonei a sottoporre il territorio dello Stato […] alla sovranità di uno Stato straniero, ovvero a menomare l’indipendenza o l’unità dello Stato”. Si può legittimamente dubitare che l’indizione del referendum o la dichiarazione unilaterale d’indipendenza del Parlament catalano siano atti violenti e idonei, da soli, a ledere la sovranità dello Stato spagnolo (ragionamento alla base di alcune pronunce dei giudici tedeschi nel 2018 in un caso simile a questo). Infatti, se riteniamo valida la teoria weberiana secondo cui la sovranità risiede nell’uso legittimo della forza, questa non è mai venuta meno nel territorio spagnolo e l’indizione del referendum non ha avuto la capacità di dar luogo ad alcuna discontinuità.
Inoltre, il giudice sardo dovrebbe considerare anche se quelli di cui è accusato Puigdemont siano reati politici, per i quali non è possibile concedere l’estradizione. La Corte di Cassazione ha affermato che la nozione di reato politico si riferisce a quelle condotte che, in ragione degli interessi giuridici lesi, espongono l’estradando, se consegnato, al concreto pericolo di essere sottoposto nello Stato richiedente ad un processo penale non equo o alla esecuzione di una pena discriminatoria o ispirata da iniziative persecutorie (Cass. Pen. 5089/2014). Gli anni di fuga di Puigdemont, l’elezione contestata al Parlamento europeo, le successive vicende giuridiche e le altissime pene inflitte nel procés ai “sediziosi” catalani non fanno certo sperare nell’equità della giustizia spagnola.
Esiste, quindi, un forte disallineamento tra il diritto penale spagnolo e quello europeo. Anche l’Assemblea parlamentare del Consiglio d’Europa lo scorso 21 giugno ha invitato la Spagna a non perseguire più i politici catalani e a riformare i reati di sedizione e ribellione, mentre la richiesta di una amnistia totale è sempre più forte da parte delle forze politiche catalane. Dopo l’indulto a gran parte dei condannati nel procés sembrava che il dialogo tra Governo spagnolo e catalano potesse riprendere con maggiore fiducia, ma la vicenda dell’arresto di Puigdemont ha fatto riavvicinare le varie anime dell’indipendentismo, che già dal 24 settembre (giorno della Mercè, la festa major di Barcellona) hanno riempito le piazze, guidate dal presidente Aragonès (Presidente della Generalitat) e da Laura Borràs (Presidente del Parlament catalano), che ha, inoltre, atteso Puigdemont fuori dal carcere di Sassari. Infatti, il giudice sardo ha deciso nel pomeriggio del 24 settembre per la scarcerazione senza alcuna restrizione, fissando l’udienza per decidere l’estradizione in Spagna al 4 ottobre. Puigdemont è quindi libero di lasciare l’Italia. A quanto risulta alla data odierna, pare che Puigdemont – già rilasciato – riuscirà a partecipare alla seduta del Parlamento europeo programmata per lunedì 27 settembre. Nel caso questo accadesse la Corte d’appello dovrà archiviare il caso con un non luogo a procedere. Puigdemont ha subito affermato via Twitter che “la Spagna non perde occasione per mostrarsi ridicola!”.
La vicenda va seguita con attenzione e analizzata con cura per tentare di studiare le prossime fasi di una vicenda che appare lontana dalla conclusione.<|endoftext|>1 SENTENCE SUMMARY: In Managing Oneself, Peter F. Drucker provides practical advice on how to identify and develop one’s strengths, so that individuals can maximize their potential and reach their goals.
“The best way to predict the future is to create it.”
Table of Contents
- 1 Quick Info
- 2 Overview
- 3 4 Key Lessons from Managing Oneself by Peter F. Drucker
- 4 Who Should Read It
- 5 Where to Get It
- 6 About Peter F. Drucker
- 7 Other Productivity Books you may Like:
- 8 Over to You
Peter F. Drucker’s book, Managing Oneself, is a timeless classic for anyone looking for guidance in the ever-changing professional landscape.
Drucker offers a unique and comprehensive take on personal and professional development, providing readers with a practical framework for mastering the art of self-management.
In his book, Drucker outlines the essential factors that must be taken into account when managing oneself, such as knowledge of one’s strengths and weaknesses, understanding the dynamics of one’s job and the environment, and the ability to stay focused and organized.
With decades of experience in management and organizational development, Drucker’s insights are invaluable for anyone looking to become a better manager and leader.
4 Key Lessons from Managing Oneself by Peter F. Drucker
1. Know thyself
Understanding your strengths and weaknesses is critical to managing yourself.
Knowing yourself allows you to make the most of your skills, identify areas for improvement and focus your energies on activities that you can excel in.
Knowing your values, strengths and limitations will allow you to set realistic goals and create a plan to achieve them.
2.
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the theme of the lessons better. Please keep on […]
Hello everyone, Welcome back! Last week I received a very good message from a 15-year-old Brazilian with some good suggestions in it. I wish all of your messages were like this! He had some good suggestions one of which was to present the Persian samples page bilingually. It is a good idea, but believe me […]<|endoftext|>当我们说起英国，联想到的往往是伦敦的雾气和钟声，著名学府牛津、剑桥，或彬彬有礼却冷淡的英国绅士，这些都是英格兰的典型形象。实际上，英国的版图包括了由英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰三部分构成的不列颠岛及爱尔兰北部的一部分地区...
名校巡礼：特别安排校方人员带领参观多所名校并组织座谈研讨会 哈利波特主题之旅： 深入霍格..
航空公司: 土库曼斯坦国际航空公司 住宿酒店：全程三—四星级酒店，意大利段四星级酒店 全程..
前往比斯特购物村—英国人气最旺的Outlet 前往有着“有史以来最美的风景”之称的温德米尔湖区..
特别安排文德米尔湖区游船，游览湖区周边美景 前往莎士比亚故居-斯特拉福德镇， 前往牛津大..
伦敦一日自由活动+温莎堡+巨人堤+温德米尔湖区+比斯特奥莱购物+大英博物馆+约克+牛津&剑桥+英式..
乘坐游船“探秘”尼斯湖+独家领略威尔士安格尔西岛+伦敦一天自由活动+莫赫悬崖+巨人堤+健力士..
服务时间：周一至周日9:00-24:00<|endoftext|>Ne vado troppo fiera e magari qualcuno se ne ricorderà, ma io lo voglio raccontare alle nuove arrivate!!! Era approdato sul mio terrazzo e se ne stava li mogio mogio, così lo presi, lo coccolai un sacco, e provai a dargli da mangiare, ma poverello non riusciva così presi una siringa senza ago e lottai per aprirgli la bocca e fargli mandar giù un po' di pappa per gatti (in mancanza d'altro)e un po' d'acqua...lo misi in una scatola, con la bolla dell'acqua calda per cercare di mantenere alta la sua temperatura e uno scottex per fargli fare i bisogni...lessi sul sito dell'oipa che era necessario farlo mangiare sovente, così nonostante il giorno dopo mi sarei dovuta svegliare presto per andare a scuola, ogni due o tre ore mi svegliai per farlo mangiare...andai a scuola e al mio ritorno mia mamma mi annunci che il rondone aveva preso il volo, fu una grandissima soddisfazione, l'avevo salvato e ancora oggi se ci penso sono contenta!<|endoftext|>Bundan birkaç ay önce sizlerle paylaştığımız bir haberimizde, Almanya merkezli spor giyim devi Adidas'ın, 2005 yılında satın aldığı Reebok'ı satmayı planladığından bahsetmiştik. Adidas, o dönemlerde resmi bir açıklama yapmamıştı ancak dün itibarıyla işler değişti. Adidas tarafından yapılan resmi açıklamalarda, Reebok'ın satılması kararı verildiği açıklandı.
Adidas CEO'su Kasper Rorsted tarafından yapılan açıklamalarda, her iki şirketin de birbirinden bağımsız çalışması durumunda, büyüme potansiyellerinin önemli ölçüde artacağını söyledi. Ancak bu durum, Reebok'ı güzelleme politikasından başka bir şey değil. Zira şirket için işler bir süredir hiç iyi gitmiyordu. Hatta son mali verilere göre Reebok'tan gelen satışlar, Adidas satışlarının yüzde 7 gibi çok küçük bir oranında.
Satış kararı, Adidas'ın 5 yıllık stratejisinin yeni bir parçası
2016 yılında Adidas'ın başına geçen Rorsted, Reebok cephesinden umutluydu. 2018 yılında yılında Ariana Grande ve Cardi B gibi ünlü isimlerle iş birliği yaparak şirketin pazar payını artırmayı amaçlayan CEO, ne yazık ki istediğini yapamadı. Özellikle de 2020 yılı, koronavirüs nedeniyle Adidas'ın satışlarını yüzde 2 düşürürken, Reebok'ın satışlarını yüzde 7 düşürdü. Hem bu yüksek sayılabilecek düşüş hem de Adidas satışları yanında kalan zayıflık, Adidas'ı böyle bir karar almaya mecbur bıraktı.
Adidas'ın Reebok'ı kime satacağı belli değil. Ancak analistler, Reebok'ın ABD merkezli spor giyim şirketi VF Corp tarafından satın alınabileceğini düşünüyorlar. Benzer bir şekilde Authentic Brands Group ile Çinli Anta Sports da Reebok'a talip olabilir. Burada Authentic Brands Group için ayrı bir parantez açmak gerekiyor. Bu şirketin NBA yıldızı Shaquille O'Neal ile uzun soluklu bir sözleşmesi var ve O'Neal, 2019 yılında Reebok'ın bir parçası olmaktan mutluluk duyabileceğini söylemişti. Bu söz, önümüzdeki günler için önemli bir ipucu veriyor olabilir.<|endoftext|>L'intera community di fan di Animal Crossing: New Horizons ha anticipato alcuni annunci molto ambiti per il gioco all'E3 di stasera. Tuttavia, la delusione è stata superata poiché, con loro totale incredulità, i fan hanno guardato il pannello Nintendo Direct di questa sera all'E3 senza ulteriori miglioramenti o aggiornamenti per il popolare simulatore di vita.
Se si dovessero credere alle voci, questo sarebbe stato un grande anno per Animal Crossing: New Horizons. L'iconico franchise ha festeggiato quest'anno il suo 20° anniversario. Tuttavia, c'è stata una mancanza di nuovi contenuti o rinnovamenti nel gioco, il che ha portato la community a credere che ci saranno annunci riguardanti lo stesso sul pannello Nintendo all'E3 di quest'anno.
Oltre a Animal Crossing, i fan di Nintendo si aspettavano anche alcuni aggiornamenti su una versione aggiornata del Nintendo Switch consolare. Questo ha anche forse smentito le voci su una versione aggiornata del gioco, adatta per la nuova generazione di giochi.
Tutto ciò che Nintendo avrebbe potuto aggiungere a Animal Crossing: New Horizons quest'anno, ma non l'ha fatto
Grazie a data miner e leaker, c'erano molte voci sulle imminenti modifiche o aggiunte in Animal Crossing: New Horizons. Tuttavia, come sempre, Nintendo non ha rivelato nulla ufficialmente prima dell'E3.
Forse uno degli eventi più importanti di cui la comunità ha ipotizzato per un po' quest'anno è il rumor Il crossover di Legend of Zelda . Questo sarebbe stato uno degli eventi più significativi per Nintendo, poiché due dei suoi giochi più iconici si sarebbero incontrati per festeggiare. Quest'anno Legend of Zelda ha compiuto 35 anni e Animal Crossing ha appena attraversato due decenni di gioco divertente.
Mentre ci sono state uova di Pasqua e riferimenti di Zelda in Animal Crossing prima, un intero crossover avrebbe colpito a casa i fan. Parlando di case, la comunità dei fan ha anche pensato che questo sarebbe stato l'anno in cui avrebbero ricevuto nuovi aggiornamenti in Animal Crossing.
L'aggiornamento più probabile, o almeno così pensavano tutti, sarebbe stato un'espansione delle isole nel gioco. Avere uno spazio limitato e nessuna opzione per rinnovare il tuo posto senza ricominciare da capo è stato un vero peccato. I giocatori speravano che l'espansione dell'isola avrebbe potuto risolvere questo problema offrendo nuove terre da insediare.
L'elenco non finisce qui. Tra molti altri cambiamenti, i giocatori speravano di vedere il ritorno di Brewster nel gioco.
Ora, sebbene non ci siano stati annunci riguardanti Animal Crossing: New Horizons all'E3, la community non dovrebbe ancora perdere la speranza. Forse Nintendo sorprenderà i fan all'ultimo momento.<|endoftext|>Eccentric vs Concentric
Eccentric and Concentric are two words that are often confused in terms of their meanings and connotations. The two words are related to the contractions of the muscle. They are both types of isotonic contraction. When the muscle shortens to move a load then the muscle undergoes concentric contraction.
A bicep curl is one of the best examples of a concentric contraction. While holding a weight too, a man has to bend his elbow thereby, resulting in what is called concentric contraction. In other words, concentric contraction is all about muscular movement. The forearm gets pulled along with the weight in the case of concentric contraction.
The biceps brach would shorten its movement during the course of concentric contraction. Inefficient muscle use results in the other type of isotonic contraction called as the eccentric contraction. In short, it can be said that both concentric and eccentric type of muscle contraction is tried and practiced by the weight lifter during his workouts at the gym during body building exercises.
Hence, both these terms are associated with body building and weight lifting. If the muscle lengthens under contraction it amounts to eccentric contraction. Hence, eccentric contraction is exactly the opposite of concentric contraction. If the weight is too heavy to hold then the weight lifter feels that it is beginning to fall under control. This results in eccentric contraction.
It is important to note that the brachialis and biceps begin to contract trying to hold the extra weight. On the other hand, although the biceps try to hold the extra weight, they are unable to produce the extra force to hold the weight long, and hence, they give way resulting in eccentric contraction. These are the differences between the two words that are associated with body building and weight lifting, namely, eccentric and concentric.
IGBT vs Thyristor Thyristor and IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) are two types of semiconductor devices with three terminals and both of them are used to control currents. Both devices have a controlling terminal called ‘gate’, but have different principals of operation. Thyristor Thyristor is made of four alternating semiconductor layers (in the form of P-N-P-N), therefore, consists of three PN junctions. In analysis, this is considered as a tightly coupled pair of transistors (one PNP and other in NPN configuration). The outermost P and N type semiconductor layers are called anode and cathode respectively. Electrode connected to inner P type semiconductor layer is known as the ‘gate’. In operation, thyristor acts conducting when a pulse is provided to the gate. It has three modes of operation known as ‘reverse blocking mode’, ‘forward blocking mode’ and ‘forward conducting mode’. Once the gate is triggered with the pulse, thyristor goes to.......READ<|endoftext|>How to plant daffodil bulbs
Daffodils are among the first signs of spring in many American gardens - so it's no wonder that so many gardeners take time in the fall to plant them. Daffodils come in so many shapes and colors - from ruffled pink daffodils to giant yellow jonquils to low-growing naturalizing species - that it seems impossible that most daffodils require the same low level of maintenance. But it's true!
Growing daffodils is surprisingly easy when you keep a few simple tips in mind:
When to plant
Daffodil bulbs should be planted in fall, two to six weeks before the first hard frost of the season. For zones with all four seasons - most of the midwest and east - this planting date will fall in October. Since daffodils are among the hardiest bulbs that bloom in spring, they can be planted a bit later than soft bulbs, like tulips. However, they still need a little time to settle in the ground before the winter freeze hits. The cool period is vital to the bulbs' development - when the weather warms, the change in temperature sparks a metabolic change that allows the plants to expend the energy necessary to sprout.
Where to plant
Drainage is the key to keeping your bulbs healthy! Raised beds and hillsides are ideal for daffodils. If you want to plant without raising the soil level, be sure to amend your soil with compost or planting mix. Most daffodils can grow anywhere, as long as the soil is well-drained and the plants receive plenty of sun. Be sure to choose a location where your daffs will see direct sunlight for most of the day!
How to plant
The spacing of your daffodil bulbs will depend on variety - larger bulbs need wider spaces - so check your packaging to determine how wide a berth to give each bulb. You'll want to dig holes about three times the depth of the height of the bulb itself. For example, our Colossal Daffodil has a pretty big bulb - about two inches high - so it needs to be planted so that the base is 6 inches below ground.
Another, even easier planting option is naturalizing – planting groups of bulbs together, instead of digging individual holes for bulbs. Tete-a-tete daffodils, Carlton, Salome, Juanita, and Ice Follies work particularly well for naturalizing. To naturalize your daffodils, you’ll need to dig up a deeper, larger area: about 8 inches deep and large enough to fill with your desired number of bulbs. Simply place the bulbs, along with some of Breck’s Bulb Food or a similar fertilizer, and replace the soil.
Daffodils don’t require a huge amount of follow-up care. Just wait for spring! After your plants sprout, but before they bloom, you can add a bit of bulb fertilizer to the soil. After they bloom, daffodils make great cut flowers. When the blooming season is over, be sure to leave the leaves – don’t cut them back until they begin to die back on their own.
|Previous Tips and Growing Instructions Article||Back to Index||Next Tips and Growing Instructions Article|<|endoftext|>Lead researcher: Scott Morrissey (PhD Candidate)
Cubozoan jellyfish are elusive by nature and as a result many challenges exist with respect to detection, which is of concern considering the threat they pose to humans. The polyps of the deadly Chironex fleckeri represent the longest-lived stage of jellyfish and are the source of medusa (adult form of Chironex fleckeri). However, there is almost no information available on the benthic polyp stages of this species.
This project will apply the innovative genetic technique, environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling to detect Chironex fleckeri polys in the waters off Mapoon in far norther Queensland. Should this technique prove successful it will remove the need to physically observe jellyfish in a location and will allow for quicker and increased detection. The study also allows for investigation into the ecology of the polyp life history stage of this jellyfish which currently, is almost unknown.
Further, oceanographic modelling, that incorporates the decay of eDNA, will provide greater knowledge of ‘DNA’ halos’ that signals proximity to targeted polyp beds and jellyfish aggregations.
The specific aims of this project are as follows;
1. Determine the rate of decay of eDNA for Chironex fleckeri medusa.
2. Demonstrate experimentally in the laboratory and field that we can detect the presence/absence and relative abundance of Chironex fleckeri medusae and polyps using eDNA.
3. Undertake oceanographic modelling of eDNA halos incorporating eDNA decay to determine dispersal distances of eDNA from point-sources (e.g. beds of polyps).
You can follow Scott's adventures on Twitter @ScottJMorrissey<|endoftext|>功能：哥...
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软件介绍：眼底飞快的擦过了一道尖锐的冷光
他们血口喷人.
我但愿您能早日走出我母亲给您带来的阴霾
赶忙手上的礼物递给了张清雯
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温氏在子市也算一个出名的除夜公司
司机便将车子靠着街道旁边停了下来
再次设法拿到图纸
重除夜的体育馆内
叫甚么？为甚么打架？你不知道在病院打架的步履很卑劣吗？还一女人呢
早餐事后
;她跟战北城在风宅后院荡秋千的那一刻”“
浅浅的吸了口吻<|endoftext|>Çevrimiçi Yorumlama Etkinliği: Melih Fereli ve Laura Kuhn, 20 Mayıs Perşembe günü saat 19:00’da “Dinleyen Gözler İçin” sergisi bağlamında John Cage üzerine çevrimiçi bir söyleşi gerçekleştirecek.
Bu web sitesinde size daha iyi hizmet sunabilmek için çerez kullanılmaktadır. Kullandığımız çerezleri görüntüleyebilmek ve daha fazla bilgi almak için Gizlilik ve Çerez Politikası sayfasını inceleyebilirsiniz.<|endoftext|>- The American Colonization Society - wanted to send blacks back to Africa - Liberia was founded for this purpose.
- Britain had freed slaves in West Indies.
- Theodore Dwight Weld - spoke against slavery -travelled through Old Northwest preaching, wrote a pamphlet that influenced Harriet Beechar Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. He was a gradualist.
- William Lloyd Garrison - antislavery newspaper The Liberator. Founded American Anti-Slavery Society.
- Black abolitionists: Frederick Douglass (wrote the North Star, escaped slave), David Walker, Sojourner Truth, Martin Delaney.
- Liberty party in 1840, Free Soil party in 1848, and Republican party in 1850s.
- Significance: Split the union, led to civil war. Created strong opposition to slavery, and the South.
ADD MORE INFO<|endoftext|>We,re down to o remaining team.
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اصطلاح down to به معنی مسئولیت چیزی را داشتن یا به عهده گرفتن است.
سلام وقتتون بخیر @sharif12 عزیز.
Down to یعنی رسیدن به جایی یا عددی بعد از اینکه تعدادی حذف بشن. یعنی الان رسیدیم به فلان شخص، فلان گزینه، فلان تعداد، الان اینا موندن، و همچین چیزی.
اینجا هم حالا همین تعداد باقیمونده ی تیم برامون موندن، یا رسیدیم به اینا (بعد از حذف بقیه)<|endoftext|>به سلسلۀ ثبت و اشاعه دارایی های کارمندان عالی رتبۀ دولت، مورخ 7 حمل سال 1396
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�、坡、斜、宽桥梁宜选用圆形板式橡胶支座：公路桥梁工程也不宜使用带球冠的橡胶支座或坡形的橡胶支座。
2、对于大跨度、多跨连续、简支梁连续板等结构的大位移量桥梁可以使用四氟板式橡胶支座。它还可用作连续梁顶推及T型梁横移中的滑块。矩形、圆形四氟板式橡胶支座的应用非别与矩形、圆形普通板式橡胶支座相同。
3、球冠圆板橡胶支座是在改进圆形板式橡胶支座的基础上设计生产的。在支座的中间层橡胶和钢板布置与圆形板式支座完全相同，不同之处在于支座顶面用纯橡胶制成球形表面，球面中心橡胶最大厚度为5－13mm，球面边缘15mm，这种设计主要是为了以适应3％到4％纵横坡下，梁与支座接触面的中心趋于圆形板式橡胶支座的中心。梁端反力通过球面表面橡胶逐渐扩散传至下面几层钢板和橡胶层。在橡胶支座底面加一圈直径D=2.5mm的半圆形橡胶圆环，在支座受力时首先由底部圆环变形压密，调节底面受力状况，可以非常有效的改善或避免座体底面脱空现象的产生，使座体的底面受力均匀。
4、坡形支座产我公司于2000年研制的一种新型支座，它可以适应各种桥梁的纵横坡。是在普通圆板橡胶支座的基础上改制成一种楔状坡形支座。斜坡的角度依据桥梁的纵横坡而制造，大大方便了桥梁的设计与施工，并有效的解除了粱、支座、墩台三者之间的脱空现象，与球冠圆板支座相比有不受桥梁纵横坡角度限制的特点。
注:公路和铁路板式橡胶支座符合国家TB1893-87标准。铁路板式橡胶支座的产品分类本产品可以分为:普通型板式支座和耐寒型板式支座两种。其中普通型胶料采用氯丁橡胶配制面成，在-25℃～+60℃温度下使用。耐寒型胶料采用天然橡胶配制而成，在-40℃～+60℃温度下使用。2009年以后，国家提出拉动内需，使我国的铁路客运专线处于高速建设时期，尤其是在冬季低温时期架设箱梁安装橡胶支座，往往成为控制施工进度的节点，而在此过程中，如何在低温环境下控制支座的施工质量则成为施工的难点。我们通过对铁路板式支座的刚度特性的研究，将固定方式、桥墩刚度、质量等结构参数对桥梁动力响应影响分析比较，研究出对列车荷载作用下桥梁动力响应的作用机理，影响方式，特点和规律。
橡胶支座改善材料，提高强度和抗腐蚀、抗老化性能；减少摩擦系数；简化构造;降低支座的结构高度；提高经济和使用性能;安装和更换方便等。近年来，针对这些目标进行改进的新型支座有：①优质钢辊轴支座。辊轴及其上、下座板全部进行淬火,可大幅度提高容许荷载并减少结构高度,在主力作用下的赫兹容许压应力（即按赫兹公式计算钢圆柱体与钢板平面接触时的最大承压应力容许值）约为2254兆帕。②改进防锈焊接支座。支座经过全部淬火，并在上下座板面上设防锈焊接层，在主力作用下的赫兹容许压应力约为2156兆帕。③板式橡胶支座。是一种面支承支座，桥梁中只采用加劲的合成橡胶支座，它是在人工合成氯丁橡胶中夹以刚性加劲层（薄钢板、带孔薄钢板、钢丝网等）构成，以加劲层阻止橡胶侧向膨胀，提高其抗压刚度，利用橡胶支座的压缩差异和剪切变形来适应上部结构支承端的转角与水平位移，容许支承力达1800千牛。这种支座可兼作固定和活动支座之用，构造简单，结构高度很小（1.4～8.5厘米），安装方便，适用面广，可用于斜桥、弯桥；吸震好，适用于地震区；用钢量省，造价低廉;置换方便等。它是一种较完善的支座型式,20世纪60年代以来，采用日广；其主要缺点为抗臭氧、抗氧化、抗低温（低于－30°C）能力差。④盆式橡胶支座。较板式橡胶支座具有更大的支承力和位移量，系用聚四氟乙烯、氯丁橡胶、不锈钢（或镀铬钢）滑板和钢材组合而成。聚四氟乙烯和不锈钢滑板间的摩擦系数很小(μ=0.018～0.046)；氯丁橡胶被密封在钢盆内，处于三向受压应力状态，具有很高的容许承载力，且能灵活转动；钢密封环用以防止橡胶被挤出盆外；橡胶密封圈用邵氏50度的氯丁橡胶制成，用来防止钢盆内橡胶的老化。中国现已制成20兆牛(2000吨)级，并设计了40兆牛（4000吨）级的这种支座。
如在板式橡胶支座中不设聚四氟乙烯和钢滑板，则可构成固定式支座。又如将橡胶支座的上下座板改成具有相同半径的凸凹面，并在其间以及上座板与钢滑板之间嵌入聚四氟乙烯板，则可构成转动和位移性能更好的半球形活动支座。
首先看看橡胶支座的局部单元的连接情况：橡胶的弹性模量与橡胶的硬度与温度有关。但是板式橡胶的橡胶老化问题是因为橡胶材料受氧、臭氧、紫外线及外力等影响，会出现老化龟裂。橡胶老化通常由表面开始，然后缓缓地向内部发展造成裂缝。氯丁橡胶的耐老化性能要好，天然橡胶的耐老化性能较差，所以天然橡胶中要添加防老剂和防臭氧剂。氯丁橡胶的抗氧能力为橡胶的14倍，所以在做板式橡胶支座的时候尽量考虑氯丁橡胶。但是氯丁橡胶的低温性能差点，一般只适用于低温大于-25℃地区，天然橡胶相比低温性能要出色些，现在制作橡胶支座都在考虑三元乙烯丙橡胶是一种优良的耐低温耐老化的橡胶支座用料，它用于盆式橡胶支座的承压橡胶板，但是这种橡胶与钢板的粘结性较差，所以作为板式橡胶支座的胶料还在研究。
（1）板式橡胶支座两端分别与梁和墩刚性连接；（2）橡胶支座的竖向高度和纵向长度不计；
（3）橡胶支座单元两端和纵向可以相对滑动与变形；（4）纵向弧形钢板条和挡块设置在支座两侧；
（5）橡胶支座的横向受到刚度的挡块约束，支座竖向有刚度的竖向弹簧链接；（6）为了使支座的单元更具有一般性，因而允许支座横向的轴与其桥轴不垂直。在网上找了半天没有找到相关伸缩缝单元的解释，下次再给大家整理吧，请继续关注骏腾工程橡胶技术资料。
标签: 公路桥梁橡胶支座<|endoftext|>Tuesday, June 25, 2013
In an earlier post, I reviewed research showing that seniors compensate for any loss of memory ability by having developed learning and memory schemas over the years. Such schemas are ingrained strategies and ways of efficient learning that improve with experience and age.
Now I have come across recent research that shows another age-developed skill: improved decision-making ability. Teenagers are notorious for poor decision-making. Of course that is inevitable, given that their brains are still developing and they have had relatively little life experience to show them what works and what doesn’t. Unfortunately, what doesn’t work often has more emotional appeal, and most of us at any age are more susceptible to our emotions than to cold, hard logic.
Seniors also are prone to poor decision-making if senility has set it. Unscrupulous people take advantage of such seniors because a brain that is deteriorating has a hard time making wise decisions.
In between teenage and senility is when the brain is at its peak for good decision making, especially improving as one gets older. Some Eastern cultures venerate their older people as generally being especially wise. After all, it you live long enough, and are still mentally healthy, you ought to make good decisions because you have a lifetime of experience to teach you what future choices are likely to work and which are not.
Much of that knowledge comes from learning from one’s mistakes. On the other hand, some people, especially the young, can’t seem to learn from their mistakes. In any case, the best strategy of all is to learn from somebody else’s mistakes so you don’t have to make them yourself.
Learning from your mistakes can be negative if you fret about it. Learning what you can to avoiding repeating a mistake is one thing, but dwelling on it erodes one’s confidence and sense of self worth. I can never forget the good advice I read recently from, of all people, T. Boone Pickens, who has lost and regained fortunes several times. He was quoted in an interview as saying that he was able to re-make his fortune on multiple occasions because he didn’t dwell on the failures. He credited that attitude to his Oklahoma State basketball coach, who told the team after each defeat, “Learn from your mistakes, but don’t dwell on them. Learn from what you did right and do more of that.”
A key reason seniors make better decisions is that they have a richer store of knowledge and experience. Any choice among alternative options is affected by how much information for each option the brain has to work on. When the brain is consciously trying to make a decision, this often means how much information the brain can hold in working memory. Working memory is notoriously low-capacity, so the key becomes remembering the sub-sets of information that are the most relevant to each option. People are more likely to remember items they value and to forget low-value items.
It turns out, apparently, that older people are more likely to remember the most useful information and thus make better conclusions and decisions. The National Institute of Aging began funding decision-making research in 2010 at Stanford University’s Center on Longevity. Results of their research are showing how older people often make better decisions than younger people.,
As one example, older people are more likely to make rational cost-benefit analyses. Older people are more likely to recognize when they have made a bad investment and walk away rather than throwing more good money after bad.
A key factor seems to be that older people are more selective about what they remember. For example, one study from the Stanford Center compared the ability of young and old people to remember a list of words. Not surprisingly, younger people remembered more words, but when words were assigned a number value, with some words being more valuable than others, older people were better at remembering high-value words and ignoring low-value words. It may be that older people selectively remember what is important, which could explain why they make better decisions.
Castel, A. D., Rhodes, M. G., McCabe, D. P., Soderstrom, N. C., Loaiza, V. M. (2012). The fate of being forgotten: Information that is initially forgotten is judged as less important. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 65, 2281-2287.
Samanez-Larkin, G.R., Wagner, A.D., Knutson, B. (2011) Expected value information improves financial risk taking across the adult life span. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6(2), 207–217
Carr, Dawn (2013). Why older minds make better decisions. Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/sites/nextavenue/2013/04/29/why-older-minds-make-better-decisions/
For more good advice on improving learning and memory abilities, see Dr. Klemm’s new book, Memory Power 101, Skyhorse Publishing.
Tuesday, June 11, 2013
Do you consciously monitor your working memory? That’s the limited-capacity memory you use when looking up a phone number, for example. If you fail to keep the numbers actively in mind while dialing, you may have to look up the number again. In other words, do you check yourself to see if you are still paying attention to what is in your working memory? Is your mind wandering away from what you are trying to hold in working memory? The cure is to deploy your brain’s innate capacity for executive control over working memory.
For more complicated memory chores than dialing a phone number, are you consciously aware of updating what is in your working memory at a given moment with new information? Do you think about being able to recall information you have just received—as when you are reading? Or do you ever willfully suppress what is in your working memory—as for example, expunging an unpleasant thought.
These questions deal with how well you are consciously aware of the likelihood you can recall what you are experiencing. I suspect that most of us exert some conscious executive control over working memory, but not nearly as efficiently as we could or should. Does it matter? Well yes, because controlling what is in your working memory affects the ongoing thought processes that are using the information that is in working memory. Moreover, how well you monitor your working memory affects how well the information registers in your brain and how well it can become consolidated into a more lasting memory.
I explain the consolidation process and ways to enhance it in my book, Memory Power 101.
Executive control of memory is relatively new in memory research, but one group reports studies suggesting that such research will prove fruitful. A year or so ago, this group’s poster presentation at the Society of Neuroscience meeting intrigued me, and I am delighted that the work has now been formally published.
One of their experiments evaluated listeners’ ability to monitor their moment-to-moment working memory storage capacity as new information arrived. As they listened to recorded word lists, experimenters told the subjects to pause the input at the maximum point that would still allow them for perfect real-time memory recall. That is, they pressed a key to pause the input of words in the list at the latest point at which they believe they would have perfect recall. Interestingly, all subjects paused the recording consistent with their known working memory span, as had been determined in pre-experiment testing. In a follow-up experiment, experimenters reduced the sound volume of the word list so that more effort had to be exerted to perform the task. Under these conditions, subjects were much less accurate in matching their listening to their natural working memory capacity and thus their learning was not optimal.
Obviously, such results suggest that making tasks more difficult can degrade thinking and learning. Teachers and professors who speak softly or with foreign accents should take note. Whatever benefit accrues from the challenge to pay better attention under difficult situations is offset by limitations in working memory storage capacity. Examples of degrading influences in addition to sound volume in listening to information include:
Listening is made more difficult by:
· Extraneous noise
· Unfamiliar speech accents
· Speaking too rapidly
· Speaking too softly
· Simultaneous presence of visual stimuli that conflict or distract
· Irritating or distracting mannerisms of the speaker
Reading is made more difficult by:
· Font and page design selection
· Convoluted syntax, awkward sentence structure
· Unfamiliar vocabulary
· Distracting visuals
· Wordiness, poor grammar
· Poor reading technique (tracking with finger movements, random eye fixations, small fixation span (a few letters or one word at a time)
In all situations, an important factor is whether the listener or reader has control over the speed of information presentation. Thinking and learning are compromised if a person has no control over chunking of information input and matching the input to their working memory storage capacity.
Another factor, not considered in this study, is the likelihood that people differ significantly in conscious executive control capability. We know, for example, that some people can hold focus much better than others can, and this certainly affects their ability to optimize working memory storage of information input.
Can working memory executive control be trained? There are already effective training protocols for expanding working memory capacity (as in the number of items you can hold in working memory). I suspect that we will soon see training programs to enhance executive control of working memory.
To summarize, you can optimize thinking and learning by willfully controlling the ease and convenience of information input as well as by how well you have developed a habit of conscious executive control.
Amichetti, N. M., Stanley, R. S., White, A. G., and Wingfield, A. (2013). Monitoring the capacity of working memory: executive control and effects of listing effort. Mem. Cogn. DOI: 10.3758/s113421-013-0302=0<|endoftext|>Ticino
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, amonyak için geçerli bilgilere uyulmalıdır. Katkı maddesi bileşeni dimetil eterin spesifik toksikolojik etkileri bilinmemektedir.
Temel olarak, amonyaklı soğutma sistemleri R723 ile doldurulabilir ve çalıştırılabilir. Bununla birlikte, bireysel başvurular dikkate alınmalıdır. Materyal uyumluluğu amonyak ile aynıdır. Bununla birlikte, dönüştürme her zaman ilgili bileşen üreticileriyle teyit edilmelidir. Madde karışımının enerji verimliliği, yüksek performans katsayısı ve yüksek yağ çözünürlüğü ile tamamlanmaktadır. Diğer bir avantaj, daha düşük sıkıştırma son sıcaklığından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu, pistonlu kompresörlerin makul bir şekilde daha büyük bir sıcaklık salınımına ulaşmasını sağlar.
R723 sadece ekolojik değil, aynı zamanda ekonomik olarak da sürdürülebilir. Sentetik soğutucu akışkanlara kıyasla satın alma maliyetleri açısından ucuz olarak sınıflandırılabilir. Tasarruf, sadece sistemin ilk doldurulmasında değil, özellikle düşük sızıntı kayıplarında, yani örneğin bir sızıntı nedeniyle buharlaşmadan veya sızıntıdan kaynaklanan ağırlık kayıplarında fark edilir. Düşük sızıntı maliyetine ve daha önce açıklanan verimliliğe ek olarak, R723 ayrıca çalışma süresinin sonunda nispeten düşük bertaraf maliyetleri taşır.<|endoftext|>4、良乡机场是一个军用的小型机场，属于海军的军用机场，是海军航空兵飞翔试验锻炼核心。次要用于海军航空兵、物资运输及军事方面，有着极其主要的感化。
5.沙河机场，位于昌平区沙河镇东边偏北，现实是在百善镇境内。这是一个军用机场，比力出名的事务就是1971年9月13日凌晨3点多钟，周宇驰、于新野、李伟信就是从这里坐直升飞机起飞的，形成整个“913事务”的一部门。
3、沙河机场是一个中型军用机场，是军用飞翔试验锻炼核心。次要停靠大型军用飞机，承担沙河机场俯瞰演习与物资运输等使命。一般不合错误外开放。
2.南苑机场，在北京城的正南方，很接近中轴线，照片上绕机场而过的公路就是南五环。目前为军民两用机场，结合航空公司、华美邮航的基地就设在南苑机场。南苑机场跑道长2900米，起降前提优于西郊、沙河机场及民航管辖的首都机场，也是中外政要专机在北京地域次要的起降机场。
空34师所属、驻地环境：空100团(驻西郊机场) ，空101团(驻西郊机场)，空102团(驻南苑机场)，空203团(驻沙河机场) 。
4.通县机场,航运团、陆航共用的军用机场，位于此刻通州区的南方偏东，张家湾。1976年1月15日撒周恩来总理骨灰的飞机昔时就是从这里起飞的。
7.延庆机场，军用，位于延庆县城东边偏北的永宁镇。关于这个机场根基查不到什么材料，只晓得是一个军用机场。卫星照片也没有高分辩率的，只能截一张不很清晰的放在这里了。如果都让人晓得了，也就不称其为军用了。**师**师*师已经利用。
大兴国际机场机场主体工程占地多在北京境内，是继北京首都国际机场、北京南苑机场后的第三个客运机场，本期扶植四条跑道及一条军民两用跑道（即空军南苑新机场），70万平米航站楼，客机近机位92个，打算于2019年岁尾建成，在客流达到4500万人次时，扶植第一卫星厅，使航站楼面积达到82万平方米，客机近机位137个，使其满足7200万人次的设想能力。
展开全数北京目前有六个机场，是首长专机,是离垂钓台国宾馆比来的机场。中国地舆位置最主要、规模最大、设备最齐备、运输出产最忙碌的大型国际航空港。西郊机场1938年日本人兴建，距离广场25.35公里。地舆位置处在顺义区，西郊机场、南苑机场、沙河机场、良乡机场、首都国际机场和大兴国际机场。
1，首都国际机场，在顺义，1958年投入利用。机场有三条跑道在利用。这个图片，是有心的航班乘员所照。
9.延庆八达岭机场，从照片上看该当是一个民用小机场。位于八达岭景区西边偏北，就在去张家口的高速和去延庆的公路汇合点西北边一点。网上的消息该机场属北京锡华通用航空无限义务公司，低空旅游 农用八达岭机场。这个机场也叫八达岭外炮机场，该当是由于位于外炮村的来由吧。网上能查到的公开消息多是一些汽车竞赛勾当在这里举行，还有就是警用直升机表演也在这里。
航空博物馆就位于该机场的东北标的目的，从照片上看两地间有很是宽的一条公路相联，航空博物馆以前就是沙河机场的洞库。洞库，能够看到有两个出口，别离有路相连。洞库区的外面就是露天展区。
1913年，北洋当局在南苑机场创立了中国史上第一所航空学校——南苑航空学校。后来，也是空军第一专科学校地点地。近几十年来，外国空军飞翔表演队如美国“雷鸟”、法国“法兰西巡查兵”来华拜候，也都是在南苑机场。
10.密云穆家峪机场，位于密于县城东边偏北，距离2.5公里，怀柔雁栖湖国际会都距离密云只要20公里。这是一个私家飞机停放起降机场，查卫星照片找到了。北京有四个通用机场，华北地域有九个通用机场。
11.平谷黑豆峪溶洞机场，出格之处在于这是中国首个由农人集资建筑的机场，位于平谷区东北十三公里处。聚星宣传片卫星照片在这里没有高分辩率的，所以找不到机场，但参考其聚星招商材料该当就在这个区域。机场飞翔空域半径5公里，高度1500米。
6.良乡机场，位于北京西南方，紧挨着房山区。照片机场右下方的公路就是京珠高速公路，公路下面就是良乡了。这个机场是属于海军的。
粗看是枪形的。是距离北京市区比来的机场。起降用的,5、首都国际机场，3.西郊机场？位于北京市区东北标的目的，不外由向阳区管辖？
空34师具有的波音737－300型专机至多有8－10架 ，图-154专机和加拿大庞巴迪 挑战者系列、CRJ系列也不下10架 。其聚星招商，运8，运7等等。
2018年7月6日，《北京新机场扶植与运营筹备总进度分析管控打算》正式发布，明白北京新机场及其配套工程将在2019年6月30日完工验收，2019年9月30日投入运营。
6、大兴国际机场，是扶植在北京市大兴区与河北省廊坊市广阳区之间的超大型国际航空分析交通枢纽。（2040年）按照客流吞吐量1亿人次，飞机起降量80万架次的规模扶植七条跑道和约140万平方米的航站楼，机场预留节制用地按照终端（2050年）搭客吞吐量1.3亿人次，飞机起降量103万架次，九条跑道的规模预留。
8.昌平十三陵机场，民用参观机场，位于北京昌平十三陵。位置在长陵的南边偏西，定陵的东边偏南，照片上机场东边的公路就是去长陵的，机场上边的路就是西去定陵的。该机场是北京对民间最早开放空禁的地域，时间是1998年11月，听说只能在半径5公里高度1000米的范畴内参观飞翔，运营公司是北京首都通用航空无限公司。对了，这里也能够考私家飞机执照，若是开车开腻了能够到这里学个照换换口胃。<|endoftext|>Sono stati sgomberati a Parigi due campi profughi, occupati da oltre 500 migranti, quasi tutti provenienti da Sudan ed Eritrea
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Il più grande, nella zona sudorientale della capitale francese ospitava 400 persone. Nell'altro, che si trova nella zona nord della città c'erano 150 richiedenti asilo.
I rifugiati vivevano da settimane in pessime condizioni igieniche e secondo le autorità c'erano rischi di epidemia. Le operazioni di sgombero sono iniziate giovedì all'alba e si sono svolte senza incidenti.<|endoftext|>Presentazione sul tema: "Cercami, potrei essere uno dei tanti sconosciuti che incroci camminando per la via."— Transcript della presentazione:
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Cercami, potrei essere uno dei tanti sconosciuti che incroci camminando per la via.
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Perciò non scansarlo, non affrettare il passo, fermati soltanto un attimo e soccorrilo come puoi se lo vedi in difficoltà. se lo vedi in difficoltà.
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Perché tutto il bene che farai agli altri sarà come se lo avessi fatto a me e ti sarà abbondante- mente reso.
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Ma, se in questo momento sei tu in difficoltà, o senti che manca qualcosa nella tua vita, non passare oltre, cercami, ti darò pace e serenità.
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Cercami, in tutto ciò che ti circonda
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e mi vedrai in tutto lamore riflesso dalla bellezza del Creato.
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Non badare allesteriorità, non cercare di udire il suono della mia voce: tutto questo non ha alcuna importanza
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guardati soltanto guardati soltanto e cerca dentro di te, perché lì mi troverai!
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Non dubitare se non vedi ancora nulla, continua a cercarmi.
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Mi riconoscerai nel bene che desideri per gli altri, nelle carezze misericordiose che rivolgi alle creature più deboli, nel bene che desideri per gli altri, nelle carezze misericordiose che rivolgi alle creature più deboli,
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nella tenerezza delle parole che sai trovare per confortare, sostenere e incoraggiare
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e in tutte le cose che fai con altruismo sincero attingendo a tutto lamore che hai nel cuore.
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Cercami perché Io sono la via, la verità e la vita (Parole di Gesù durante lultima cena)
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Cercami finché mi troverai. Opere originali di Silvestro Migliorini Testo e grafica:<|endoftext|>L’accampamento militare romano, in latino detto castrum , era una fortificazione nella quale poteva risiedere in forma stabile o provvisoria, a seconda delle dimensioni, una unità dell’esercito romano come una legione. È stato forse l’elemento distintivo della potenza militare dell’esercito e dell’espansione della civiltà romana. Il castrum era una comunità autonoma e autosufficiente e garantiva ai legionari la sicurezza di poter affrontare lunghissime campagne militari in territorio nemico.
Superata la prima fase di occupazione di un territorio , i forti romani diventavano col tempo delle vere e proprie città. Città moderne come Torino, Colonia, Londra, nacquero appunto dagli accampamenti militari. Intorno al castrum si insediavano subito oltre alle famiglie dei soldati, i mercanti, gli artigiani e le popolazioni del luogo attratti dalla possibilità di fare commercio.
Il forte era protetto in tutto il suo perimetro da uno o più fossati ( a seconda del livello di pericolo), mentre il muro di cinta poteva essere di terra, nella parte inferiore, e legno in quella superiore oppure in muratura. Nel suo interno venivano costruiti gli alloggi della truppa, dei comandanti, i granai, le officine, le stalle per i cavalli e addirittura palestre per le esercitazioni invernali. Queste strutture venivano attraversate dalle due strade principali: il Cardo, che attraversava il castrum in direzione Nord-Sud e il Decumano, che correva in direzione Est-Ovest.
All’interno del Castrum Romano La Crucca ci sono gli alloggi per i soldati con la cucina (Contubernia), l’alloggio del comandante del reparto, l’officina del fabbro, le latrine, un pozzo per l’acqua, un carro da guerra, la balista ( macchina d’artiglieria) e l’armeria. Inoltre un alloggio dei soldati al suo interno è stato adibito a laboratorio didattico e punto vendita.
Il tutto è circondato da tanto spazio verde, da un punto ristoro/caffetteria e da un’area giochi.<|endoftext|>بررسی وضعیت شاخص بورس و اوراق بهادار در هفتهای که گذشت نشان میدهد که شاخص در هفته اخیر با اُفت و خیز فراوانی روبرو بوده است.
شاخص بورس و اوراق بهادار این هفته کار خود را از سطح یک میلیون و ۱۷۲ هزار واحدی آغاز کرد و با گذراندن هفته پر نوسان کار خود را در کانال یک میلیون و ۱۸۳ هزار واحد به پایان رساند که رشد ۱۱ هزار واحدی شاخص را نشان میدهد.
شاخص بورس در اولین روز هفته مورخ ۱۸ اردیبهشت ۱۴۰۰ با ریزش بیش از ۴ هزار واحدی به یک میلیون و ۱۶۷ هزار واحدی بازگشت و فرابورس با ریزش ۵۹ واحدی به سطح ۱۷ هزار و ۳۶۵ واحدی رسید.
در معاملات ۱۹ اردیبهشت ۱۴۰۰ روند نزولی شاخص بورس ادامه پیدا کرد و شاخص کل بورس با اُفت بیش از ۱۵ هزار واحدی به سطح یک میلیون و ۱۵۱ هزار واحدی رسید وشاخص فرابورس با اُفت بیش از ۱۳۸ واحدی در پله ۱۷ هزار و ۲۲۷ واحدی قرار گرفت.
شاخص بورس در تاریخ ۲۰ اردیبهشت ۱۴۰۰ تغییر رویه داد و با رشد بیش از ۵ هزار واحدی به سطح یک میلیون و ۱۵۷ هزار واحدی بازگشت و فرابورس با رشد بیش از ۳۸ واحدی به پله ۱۷ هزار و ۲۶۸ واحدی رسید.
شاخص بورس در معاملات ۲۱ اردیبهشت ۱۴۰۰ رشد بیش از ۲۱ هزار واحدی را تجربه کرد و به پله یک میلیون و ۱۷۹ هزار واحدی رسید و فرابورس با رشد بیش از ۱۵۳ واحدی به پله ۱۷ هزار و ۴۲۷ واحدی رسید.
شاخص در آخرین روز کاری هفته مورخ ۲۲ اردیبهشت ۱۴۰۰ همچنان سبزپوش باقی ماند و با رشد ۴ هزار واحد دیگر کار خود را در سطح یک میلیون و ۱۸۳ واحد به پایان رساند و فرابورس با رشد بیش از ۵۹ واحدی به پله ۱۷ هزار و ۴۸۶ واحدی رسید.
بررسیها نشان میدهد شاخص بورس در هفتهای که گذشت ۳ روز منفی و ۲ روز مثبت را به ثبت رساند و روند کلی شاخص مثبت بوده است.<|endoftext|>动漫《火影忍者》之中志村团藏是木叶忍村的高层之一，根的领导者，为了能够成为火影可以不惜一切代价，虽然心系木叶忍村，但却是一位极端忍者，为传承木遁，不惜用婴儿进行实验，团藏右手臂移植了千手柱间的细胞，借此，增强了自身的肉体能量，因此可以同时移植十一只写轮眼，实力十分强悍；
宇智波一族准备发动政变时，志村团藏下达了灭族任务，只不过，在此期间，团藏对宇智波止水下杀手，对宇智波鼬却比较客气，这是为何呢？
其一：团藏对宇智波止水；
宇智波一族准备发动政变时，刚刚结束任务的宇智波止水主动向三代火影请求处理此次事件，准备对自己的族人施展开启了万花筒写轮眼之后获得的幻术别天神，借此打消宇智波一族发动政变的想法，对此，三代火影猿飞日斩认为这是一个两全其美的办法，表示赞同，然而，团藏并不是这样想；
宇智波止水准备开展计划时，团藏将其单独约了出来，在此期间，团藏借助禁术伊邪那岐成功的夺取了止水的右眼，计划也因此告破了，随后，根出现了，团藏便下令继续追杀宇智波止水，并且夺取左眼，最终，宇智波止水将左眼托付给挚友宇智波鼬之后
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度。
测量线、棒、管的外轮廓的直线度时，同时布置以上原理的设备3台，三台设备同一时刻测量被测工件的位置数据左边和右边两台采集的位置连线，计算出中间设备的在直线度为0时的理论位置，与中间一台所获的位置数据比较，差值即为被测工件在当前位置的直线偏差。
测量单元的测量频率为500-1000Hz，采用电子同步控制单元实现3台设备的同步采样，可连续检测，根据检测数据模拟出整根线、棒（管）材的直线度，左、右两台的距离可根据具体情况确定安装位置。
为保证测量的连续性与准确性，需检测或输入被测物的运动速度，测量一个数值后，当第一次测量的左侧位置到达第一次测量的右侧位置时进行第二次测量。
直线度测量仪应用广泛，对各种在线生产的线棒管材均可对直线度进行在线检测，实时同步检测生产状态，提醒工作人员，能有效节省原材料的损耗，提升成材率，是实用性非常强的测量系统。<|endoftext|>雅克·德里达（Ｊａｃｑｕｅｓ Ｄｅｒｒｉｄａ，１９３０～２００４），法国著名哲学大师，“解构主义”的领袖及“后现代”思想的代表人物。
法国哲学家德里达和“解构哲学”往往被划上等号，对其思想“游戏性”或“玩世不恭性”的批评经常见诸于学术论著，德里达对语言解构或文字游戏的偏好，的确有轻浮无聊的一面，有学者据此断言德里达解构哲学从根本上讲是保守的和肤浅的。但是，德里达解构工作也有严肃、深刻和激进的一面，他的《论精神——海德格尔与问题》（以下简称《论精神》）就是一个绝好的例子。
初看之下，德里达在《论精神》中试图还原海德格尔哲学与公共事务或公共领域的真实关系，他不仅对罗蒂推崇的海德格尔哲学的诗学方向进行了全面清算，而且对罗蒂看重的海德格尔诗学哲学一旦与现实政治相结合之后可能带来的可怕后果进行了必要提示。德里达试图向世人证明，当海德格尔谈论的日常词语“ｖｅｒｍｅｉｄｅｎ，避免，逃避，避开”“与‘精神’或‘精神性的’有关时，它会意指什么？”（《论精神》，第１页）海德格尔拒绝笛卡尔的“我思”、康德的“理性”和黑格尔的“精神”，也就拒绝了整个现代文明的基础。《论精神》一书的副标题“海德格尔与问题”让人联想到该书出版时欧洲学术界有关“海德格尔与世俗政治”或“海德格尔与纳粹”等话题的热烈讨论。但实际上，这是一部讨论专门而封闭的哲学内部事务或问题的著作。
德里达在《论精神》中以专题形式来研究海德格尔有关“精神”问题的诸多见解。他以这种方式撇清了与前辈的关系，也呈现了双方的思想分歧。这让我想起美国哲学家理查德·罗蒂对海德格尔和德里达的评价。前不久，当有人向罗蒂问起谁是２０世纪最伟大的哲学家时，罗蒂迟疑片刻之后便脱口而出：海德格尔，是写了《存在与时间》的海德格尔。罗蒂尽管放弃了写一部专门研究海德格尔论著的计划，但一直把海德格尔哲学置于代表当代哲学真正发展方向的位置上。他说２０世纪哲学发展有三个方向：科学的、政治的和诗学的。胡塞尔是哲学的科学方向的代表，杜威是政治方向的代表，海德格尔则是诗学方向的代表。哲学的诗学方向是罗蒂最为推崇的方向。罗蒂认为，海德格尔的诗学哲学，属于与政治哲学或公共哲学相对应的私人哲学范围，不应当与世俗政治或当下现实扯上关系。罗蒂避开了海德格尔哲学与当下政治发生必然联系的可能性，他从海德格尔试图与传统告别，开辟出哲学发展新途方面来评价海德格尔哲学并为其合理性作辩护。与此同时，罗蒂把德里达和海德格尔相提并论，称德里达是“最吸引人和最有独创性的当代哲学家”（罗蒂：《真理与进步》，华夏出版社，２００３年，第２７４页）。罗蒂说，“如果你已经受海德格尔影响并感到海德格尔是个重负——如果你感受到海德格尔语言的力量但想要避免使用它描述你自己——德里达的书恰恰是你所需要的东西”（同上）。
在罗蒂看来，德里达已经成为摆脱海德格尔“影响的焦虑”的一个出路。而在德里达的《论精神》中，海德格尔是摆脱柏拉图、笛卡尔、康德和黑格尔等人的“影响的焦虑”的一个出路。表面上看来，海德格尔似乎已经让哲学新起炉灶，一切从头开始，但是实际上，海德格尔对“我思”和“精神”的有意逃避并不成功，海德格尔仍然以一种诗的隐喻的形式发展着“形而上学”。无论柏拉图、笛卡尔、康德和黑格尔，还是海德格尔和德里达，无论推崇主体性，还是反对主体性，他们都仍然在主体性哲学的意义上发展着哲学，开辟着哲学的新领域。
德里达指出，“把精神贬黜为‘理性’、‘智力’、‘意识形态’等，这正是海德格尔在１９３５年曾经谴责过的做法”（第１２９页），那种做法有着柏拉图、笛卡尔和康德的传统，也的确构成了源自古希腊的西方哲学发展的主线。海德格尔批评柏拉图主义是一种“腐朽的”世界观（同上）。后来罗蒂在《哲学和自然之镜》中批评的也正好是那个传统，即把心灵当作是反映世界本来面目的“自然之镜”的传统。因此，透过德里达对海德格尔否定“精神”的存在哲学的解读，有助于我们理解海德格尔哲学在美国新实用主义哲学中获得的最近发展。海德格尔之所以要激烈地攻击科技化的“精神”，从根本上是想要否定“精神”对物质的依附，德里达引用了海德格尔在《在通向语言的途中》的一个说法，“精神在燃烧”，“精神的本性就是这种自身触发的自发性，这种自发性不需要任何外在性就能燃起或点燃，就能出神般地出离自身”（第１３２页）。<|endoftext|>Diabetes is a prevalent concern in today’s society, as more and more people either have it or are at high risk of developing it. In order to keep up your own health and be good support for anyone you know who might be diabetic, it is helpful to know a few things about diabetes. Read on for some insights into managing this condition.
It is tough to be told that your child has diabetes, but there is so much you can do to make it easier for them. So many people have diabetes nowadays that modern treatment has the capacity to let your kid live as many years as the rest of us. The current oldest living diabetic is 90 years of age! This means that he was living in a time when all the current medical knowledge we now have wasn’t available!
Keep track of all the medicines you are taking for your Diabetes and any other condition you have in case you ever need to know. You should carry with you information on their names, dosages, and how often you are taking them in case something happens to you when you’re out, or a doctor you’re visiting requests that information.
If you absolutely must indulge in something sweet, have a glass of decaffeinated coffee with it. This will help lower the spike in blood sugar you get after eating, potentially stopping the need for you to inject more insulin. It must be decaf, though, as caffeine can have other, unwanted side effects.
If you live close to the Canadian border and drive, consider going to Canada to pick up your Diabetes prescriptions. The Canadian government regulates the sale of prescriptions so that they can’t have huge fees added to their cost. Often you can get the exact same medications for a huge discount, and they’re safe to take as they’re under the same or even stricter health regulations.
Find out what your blood glucose target levels should be and ensure that you’re meeting them. Diabetes control means knowing what you’re up against, so keep a journal with your goal numbers listed so you can easily see how well you’re doing every day. Once you have your blood glucose under control you’ll feel immensely healthier!
Make sure to regularly check your blood sugar and write it in a log if you are diabetic. It is important that you do this because your blood sugar may be fine and a few hours later it could be dangerously high. Blood sugar that is consistently high raises your risk of heart disease and stroke.
If you are the parent of a child who is experiencing symptoms of diabetes, it is important that you bring them to a doctor immediately. Getting a child treated for diabetes at an early age can prevent them from getting serious health complications. Signs of diabetes in children include excessive thirst, wetting themselves frequently, and frequent respiratory infections.
As was stated earlier in the article, diabetes happens a lot these days. If you are currently suffering from it or you are concerned that you could develop it, keep these tips and tricks in mind. With the advice in this article, you can manage your condition or risk in a way that minimally impacts your life.<|endoftext|>L'Istituto di Zooprofilassi ha indicato il risultato delle analisi effettuate su alcuni bocconi killer: in tre casi le polpette trovate, in quartieri diversi, conterrebbero lo stesso tipo di veleno.
Numerosi bocconi killer sono stati trovati, negli ultimi mesi, in parchi, aree per cani, aree verdi e addirittura nei cortili delle abitazioni privati I ritrovamenti sono stati effettuati in quasi tutti i quartieri della città di Parma. L'emergenza Bocconi avvelenati se negli ultimi giorni sembra essersi frenata è in realtà ancora presente in città.
I risultati delle analisi farebbero pensare alla presenza, almeno in alcuni casi, di un'unica mano dietro il posizionamento dei bocconi: l'ipotesi quindi è quella di un acvelenatore seriale di animali che avrebbe agito in più quartieri.<|endoftext|>此网站出售153-6979-0441
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螺旋管厂家的函数二阶导数之积的符号，同时指出，取不同的核函数，也可能会出现不稳定的现象。 Dyka C.T等用应力点法消除了这种不稳定，但这些成果在一维中有效，在多维问题里仍很困难。其他学者在断裂冲击等领域也取得了一系列成果，同时在天体物理界仍是有效的方法。更重要的是他的“核估计”思想，对后面再生积分核类无单元法（如RKPM、 MLSRKPM等）的产生与发展，起到非常重要的启迪性作用。无单元的发展历程中，一个里程碑式成果不得不作以叙述，那就是移动最小二乘技术（MLS）。1981年P. Lancaster等提出MLS于曲面拟合m，当时，它只不过和其他拟合技术（如 Lagrange插值）一样用于数值拟合。但移动最小二乘技术的由局部到整体的“移动性（ Moving）、局部紧支集上的高阶完备性显示了其突出的优点，所以受到无单元法研究者的青睐，后来作为无单元场函数构造的一个法宝，以弥补现在数值方法（如FEM等）的不足，并产生了多种无单元法（如MIGM、 MISRKPM等）；它的另一个特点是利用奇异权函数时的“插值性”。
螺旋管厂家一般无单元法场函数难以有插值的功能，而奇异性的权函数却克服了这一点。这对本质边界条件的处理非常重要。虽然MS法的这些优点很多，但它对每一点隐式求解形函数系数，需要大量求逆运算，计算量成为MIS方法应用的一个障碍，也成了无单元法群体前进的一个瓶颈，不过他的0阶形式即 Shepard插值却是可以不用求逆运算，而且具有“插值性”（ Interplanting）的有效武器，本书继承了这一点。应当承认，MLS的产生可以说使无单元法走上了宽广的道路，打破了15年之久的无单元法停留在SPH阶段的僵局，告别SPH方法“一花独放”的时代。1992年， Nayroles等率先利用MLS技术提出弥散单元法（ Diffuse Element Method,DEM）应用于一般的阶梯函数和二维 laplace边值问题， Navales的这一成果是无单元法在场函数构造上大大改进精度的开端，遗憾的是MLS技术的“隐式求解”工作量大影响了它特长的***发挥，所以不得不舍去场函数导数的某些项，形成精度上的缺憾。道、曹国金等对无单元法应用现状作了综述1；张选兵专门研究无单元法处理边界条件的新方法一全变换法；2003年介玉新、葛锦宏用FEM和无单元法研究了渗透问题；陈莘莘用无单元法研究了稳态热传导；秦雅菲分析了薄板自由振动问题；王志亮等用无单元法模拟了软基固结沉降；程玉民、陈美娟提出了边界无单元法，并以带权的正交函数作为基函数改进了移动最小二乘法；刘学文等提出了名为配点型点插值加权残值法的无单元法；唐少武等看到如此众多的同志研究无单元法，***对无单元法的若干概念比如紧支集、权函数、影响域等作了认真注释，对无单元法的推广很有意义。
使边界条件直接引入并避免了矩阵奇异问题；螺旋管厂家等基于Delaunay三角化思想将无单元法计算结果映射到三角形内以实现云图化；胡云进等开始向三维无单元法开展研究，提出无单元法在三维断裂力学中的应用：王志亮、吴勇用无单元法研究了大面积填土自重固结非线性解；卿启湘等对木材拉拔问题进行了分析，通过一致转换得到了一个整体 Langrange描述下的平衡方程，张芘芬用无网格配点差分法求解了海洋污染中的浓度场问题。2003年月第七届全国工程中边界元法技术会议暨全球华人边界元与无网格法研究大会在秦皇岛燕山召开；同年10月我国计算力学会议在北京召开，并将无单元法研究作为大会主题之一。至此，无单元法以迅猛发展的势头被力学界广泛关注，并走上大雅之堂。2004年秦荣教授将无单元法应用于板壳非线性分析”；仲武等对毛细管电渗流微泵的流体动力学进行了无单元法研究；王洪涛等对二维弹性力学问题出了奇异杂交边界点法。杨宇红等对SPH与MIS进行了对比李树忧基于单位分解的思想提出了无网格数值变形方法；张晓哲等将无单元法与有限元法一起纳入加权残值法的框架；朱仝华等进行了任意形状区域的布点技术；刘红生等提出了基于流行覆盖的无网格法；温宏宇***将无网格法应用于板料成行过程模。
由于螺旋焊管厂家加固区与工作井围护结构之间存在的空在盾构工作井施工结束后对此范围增加了一排中旋喷桩进行补加固，另外在工作井两侧外角部加了根中旋喷桩图盾构洞口外土体地基加固范围考虑到洞门封堵时切口水压的设定不高，此时盾构切口前方搅拌加固区只有的纵向厚度，再加上由于搅拌桩加固区存在楼空区域，未必能够起到理想的隔水作用等因素
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，每個保守主義者都想成為里根，可惜里根的很多本事是別人無法模仿的，那是一種氣質和超凡的能力。
但左派卻最願意指責這個喜歡講笑話的總統“不夠智慧”、“頭腦簡單”。他們根本不明白，單純，不僅是里根的特質之一，也是他成gong的一個重要因素。里根的心和頭腦，都更像一個孩子，永遠沒有成熟到長老繭，總是如童話般的世界那樣，把世界分成善和惡，黑和白（從不強調“灰色地帶”），然后積極樂觀地去承擔“義人”的道德責任，對抗邪惡。
從來都喜歡讀書的里根，卻從不像文化人那麼頭腦複雜、故作高深，也對知識份子頗有微言。前述里根演講稿撰寫人努南說，“里根並不是不喜歡知識份子，他心目中的英雄經常是知識份子，從建國之父們，到（諾獎得主/自由經濟學家）弗里德曼（Milton Friedman），哈耶克和索爾仁尼琴。但他不喜歡自己同時代的知識份子，覺得他們基本上都是漿糊腦袋。他認為20世紀的很多知識份子都是高智商的、悲觀的小精明者。他對奧威爾（《1984》作者）的觀點有一個直覺上的認同：一種獨特而很蠢的理論，往往只有知識份子相信它。”
努南接着寫道，“里根認為，20世紀后半葉的左翼學院派知識份子們，總是傾向于把自己纏繞進巨大而複雜的蜘蛛網中，不僅自己陷進去，還把整個人類也帶進去。而那些從馬克思到布隆伯瑞（Bloomsbury，反傳統的左翼象牙塔學者團體），到韋布們（Beatrice and Sidney Webb，該夫婦創辦倫敦經濟學院，是費邊學社要角），到20世紀從哈佛到耶魯的美國左派們——那些繁忙地編織複雜網絡的蜘蛛們——則是在這個世界上活過的最愚蠢的高智商者。”
第四，里根的俠骨柔情。
除了智慧、勇氣、樂觀幽默和單純的特性之外，里根生命中的第四個重要特質是：愛的能力。人們常以“愛情是男人生命的一部份，但卻是女人生命的全部”來形容女人比男人愛得熱烈、愛得執著、愛得持久。但對于改變了美國和世界的里根總統來說，愛情也是他生命的全部。他說，愛是他的心臟。誰能說心臟不是生命的全部呢？在那個令無數人感動、羨慕、讚美的愛情故事中，里根不僅證明了男人可以具有和女人同樣偉大的愛，同時揭示了男人改變世界的動力和源泉。
里根的第一場婚姻由于電影明星的妻子反對他對政治的熱衷而結束。而他的第二次婚姻則哺育了那個美麗而偉大的人生。曾在圖書館讀到一本南希編輯的書信集《我愛你，羅尼》（I Love You, Ronnie），裡面主要收集的卻是里根寫給南希的情書。雖然從有關里根的傳記作品中得知，里根很有寫作能力，經常大段大段地修改或重寫白宮撰稿人給他寫好的演講稿，很多成為常被引用的名句，但沒想到他的情書寫得更動人。他對妻子的痴迷，一生都像個初戀的小伙子：
“一個男人不能離開心而活，而你就是我的心。”
“我們是那樣的一個整體，你對我的重要性，就如同我自己的心臟，但有一個例外，你永遠不能被人工心臟所替代。”
“我踫巧擁有一個情人節般的生命（Valentine life）……你看我的選擇多麼有限，要麼是情人節般的生命，要麼是沒有生命。”
在他們25週年的結婚紀念日，里根送南希一副手套做禮物。他在賀卡上寫道，“我希望這副手套能溫暖你的手，就像過去25年來你一直溫暖着我的心。”
“你給我的禮物是沒法買保險的，因為沒有估價人可以給個價碼。誰能估出我要回家時那種興奮和期待的感情的市場價格？誰能估出我無法不加快步伐、迎接第一眼看到你時那種感覺的價格？僅僅是早晨醒來，都成為一種溫暖的愜意，因為你在身邊。而這棟房子沒有你的時候，是那樣荒涼。”
里根對妻子的愛，更表現在许多小事上。例如，他由于工作繁忙，有時不知道妻子喜歡和需要什麼，于是在南希過生日或他們結婚紀念日之前，就悄悄地去向南希的助手或好友詢問，南希需要什麼？而南希的好友經常也不知道，就又跑去問南希，並泄漏了里根的秘密。而南希在收到丈夫的禮物時則一副毫不知情的歡天喜地。一個歐．亨利的《麥琪的禮物》般偉大的真實故事。
左傾的主流媒體上有過不少關于南希的負面報導，導致不少人對南希過于干涉里根的事務而印象不佳。其實很多人沒明白的是，南希不是在干政，而是在盡全力保護里根的形象。她當然清楚媒體和內閣人員對她的批評，但為了保護丈夫的形象，她寧可自己形象受損。
人們都知道里根是個只顧兩件大事（反對共產主義，縮小政府規模），而不顧小節的人，他甚至會把自己內閣人員的名字都叫錯。他同时又是那種天性樂觀，什麼也不擔憂的人，所以有人說，里根什麼都不擔心，而南希是什麼都擔心。如果沒有南希那麼前后左右，細心地呵護照料，里根的不拘小節不知會帶來多大的麻煩。和里根相比，南希的形象是弱小的，但在塑成里根今天“光輝形象”紀念碑的每一塊彩色石子上，都有南希的精心雕琢，正如她在葬禮上一邊親吻那面覆盖丈夫的美麗國旗，一邊用手撫摸、拂平那上面的一絲皺紋。一個偉大的妻子，一個上帝送給里根的最好的禮物。最理解並擁抱了這一切的里根，也把自己在這個世界上最好的禮物留給了相伴52年的妻子：
在病重的最后幾年裡，里根不僅喪失了全部記憶，也認不出任何親人了。在生命垂危的最后五天裡，他一直都沒有睜開過眼睛。女兒帕蒂描述說，父親最后咽氣之際，卻突然睜開了眼睛，盯著南希，“眼睛不是混濁或茫然，而是清澈湛藍，滿懷愛意。”南希堅信，在那一刻，里根認出了她；這最后的凝視，是里根走前送給她的“最好的禮物”。
他如願被安葬在“里根總統圖書館”所座落的山頂，每天居高臨下，俯視整個太平洋，看自由價值的日出。
里根的一生，沒有驚天動地的傳奇，卻是一個美麗而偉大的人生。想到里根，就想到智慧、勇氣、樂觀、信念、幽默、俠骨柔情这些字眼，想到昂揚向上的精神。所有這一切都是正向的，让人振奮的，令人更清楚地明白美國價值，更堅定地相信美國精神，因為它是人類的精神，它是世界的方向，它是“山頂那閃亮的城市”。
羅尼，熱愛自由的人們懷念你！
（本文原寫于里根國葬日，現有增刪）
2014年6月5日于美國
曹长青的推特
2014-06-05
http://www.caochangqing.com （轉載請指明出處）
<|endoftext|>Simmetria assiale
La simmetria assiale, o riflessione, è una particolare trasformazione isometrica del piano o, genericamente, di uno spazio di dimensione[1].
Definizione[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
Due punti sono simmetrici rispetto ad una retta quando la retta è asse del segmento che unisce i due punti.
Costruire simmetrie assiali[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
Dato un punto di simmetria r e un punto P, per costruire il simmetrico rispetto all' asse si procede così:
1) si traccia la retta perpendicolare all' asse condotta per il punto;
2) nel semipiano opposto a quello dove sta P, si sceglie il punto P' la cui distanza da r sia uguale alla distanza di P da r.
Note[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
- Simmetria assiale — Enciclopedia della matematica Treccani<|endoftext|>Contenuto
La vita è solo pesca a meno che il tuo albero non abbia un virus. Il virus del mosaico della pesca colpisce sia le pesche che le prugne. Esistono due modi in cui la pianta può essere infettata e due tipi di questa malattia. Entrambi causano una significativa perdita di raccolto e vigore delle piante. La malattia si chiama anche mosaico del Texas perché fu scoperta per la prima volta in quello stato nel 1931. Il virus del mosaico sulle pesche non è comune ma è molto grave nelle situazioni di frutteto. Continua a leggere per saperne di più sulle pesche con virus a mosaico.
Informazioni su Mosaic Virus on Peaches
I peschi possono sviluppare numerose malattie. Il virus del mosaico della pesca in Texas deriva da un vettore, Eriophyes insidiosus, un piccolo acaro. Può verificarsi anche durante l’innesto in cui viene utilizzato materiale vegetale infetto come il rampollo o il portainnesto. I sintomi sono abbastanza evidenti quando si conoscono i segni da tenere d’occhio, ma una volta che un albero ha la malattia non ci sono trattamenti attuali.
I due tipi di virus del mosaico della pesca sono la rottura pelosa e la prugna. Il mosaico peloso è il tipo da tenere d’occhio nelle pesche. Si chiama anche virus del mosaico di Prunus. Ha infettato la parte meridionale degli Stati Uniti e si diffonde facilmente senza trattamento per sradicare gli acari.
L’innesto moderno ha in gran parte eliminato il virus dalle procedure di innesto con radice certificata indenne da malattia e materiale scionico. Quando la malattia è stata scoperta per la prima volta, è iniziato un periodo di 5 anni di rimozione degli alberi nella California meridionale, dove sono stati distrutti oltre 200.000 alberi.
Dei tipi di peschi, le cultivar di freestone sono le più danneggiate, mentre il clingstone i tipi sembrano essere leggermente resistenti al virus del mosaico della pesca.
Sintomi del virus del mosaico sulle pesche
All’inizio della primavera, i fiori si vedranno presentare striature e interruzioni di colore. Nuovi arti e germogli sono lenti a formare e sono spesso deformati. Vi è un ritardo nel frullare e le foglie prodotte sono piccole, strette e screziate di giallo. Occasionalmente, le aree infette cadono dalla foglia.
Stranamente, una volta che le temperature salgono, gran parte del tessuto clorotico scompare e la foglia riprende il suo normale colore verde. Gli internodi diventano corti e le gemme laterali si rompono. I ramoscelli terminali hanno un aspetto a spirale. Ogni frutto prodotto è piccolo, grumoso e deformato. Qualsiasi frutto che matura è molto più lento di un frutto non infetto e il sapore è inferiore.
Prevenzione del virus del mosaico della pesca
Sfortunatamente, non esiste un trattamento per questa malattia. Gli alberi possono sopravvivere per diverse stagioni ma il loro frutto non è utilizzabile, quindi la maggior parte dei coltivatori sceglie di rimuoverli e distruggere il legno.
Poiché l’infezione si diffonde durante l’innesto, l’approvvigionamento di buon budwood è estremamente importante.
I nuovi alberi dovrebbero essere trattati con un miticida per controllare i possibili vettori. Evita lesioni agli alberi e fornisci una buona assistenza culturale in modo che possano sopravvivere a un attacco iniziale ma col tempo l’albero decadrà e dovrà essere rimosso.<|endoftext|>Non c'è alcun nel carrello.
tappetino da spiaggia con tracolla
richiudibile con zip
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Salva il mio nome, email e sito web in questo browser per la prossima volta che commento.<|endoftext|>Magritte e il suo dipinto “La Trahison des images”: ispirazione per la pubblicità moderna
Chissà cosa direbbe Magritte se vedesse la sua pipa, dipinta a olio su tela, diventare una musa ispiratrice per le pubblicità del locale vegetariano più vecchio d’Europa, della prima compagnia al mondo nel settore delle assicurazioni e della più grande organizzazione mondiale per la conservazione di natura, habitat e specie in pericolo.
Il dipinto La Trahison des images (in italiano: Il tradimento delle immagini) realizzato nel 1928-29 dal surrealista pittore belga, riporta la didascalia “ceci n’est pas une pipe” (in italiano: “questa non è una pipa”) a sottolineare che non si tratta di fatto di una pipa, bensì di una sua immagine, una semplice raffigurazione pittorica!
Di certo questi brand non possono competere con le doti artistiche di Magritte, ma le pubblicità create dalle loro agenzie fanno riflettere sulla vita reale, spostando l’attenzione dal linguaggio a temi importanti e delicati…Buona visione!
Allianz adv by Atletico International Berlin, 2006
Hiltl adv by Ruf Lanz, Zurich, 2014
WWF adv by Lemon Sky J. Walter Thompson Warsaw, 2015<|endoftext|>Pink eye is common and easily spread, and it isn’t unusual for children to bring it home from daycare or school. Conjunctivitis is rarely dangerous, but it’s important to monitor your child’s condition and make sure they don’t infect anyone else. Most cases will clear up without incident, but severe or persistent pink eye might warrant a trip to the doctor.
At Harlem VistaSite Eye Care in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City, Brittni Rodriguez, OD, and Sarah Quan, OD, can diagnose pink eye and recommend appropriate treatment to put them back on track for eye health.
Conjunctivitis, known more commonly as pink eye, refers to the inflammation of the eye, specifically the surface. The conjunctiva is a thin, transparent membrane, covering your eyes and eyelids. An infection or irritant can cause the small blood vessels within to become inflamed, leading to pink eye.
There are three major types of pink eye: allergic, bacterial, and viral. Chemical splashes and foreign objects can also cause irritation, but most cases of conjunctivitis are viral, making the condition highly contagious.
If your child has woken up with one or both of their eyes red, crusty, or glued shut, there’s a good chance you’re dealing with pink eye. As long as the inflammation is not severe, you can wipe them clean and apply a cool compress to reduce swelling.
Do not allow your child to go to school with pink eye. If their classmates have not been infected already, you will be putting them at risk. Instead, keep them at home and focus on alleviating their symptoms.
Try to rinse your child’s eyes with artificial tears if you can, but make sure to replace the bottle with a fresh one once you’re done using it. If you use the same eye drops on yourself or others, you could infect them with pink eye as well.
Replace your child’s pillowcase every night until the infection is gone, and do not let them share towels, beds, or clothes with their siblings. Warn them against touching their eyes, and use this opportunity to review proper handwashing techniques.
Most cases of pink eye
|
47 | 7 | 0 |
first President
of the United States, being inaugurated April 30, 1789, in New York City;
unanimously reelected in 1792 and served until March 3, 1797, declining a
renomination; again appointed as lieutenant general and commander of the United
States Army July 3, 1798, and served until his death on December 14, 1799, in
Mount Vernon, Va.; interment in the vault at Mount Vernon.
BibliographyEllis, Joseph J.
His Excellency, George Washington. New York: Alfred A. Knopf,
2004; Washington, George.
Writings. [Selected by John H. Rhodehamel]. New York: Library
of America, 1997.<|endoftext|>چند روز پس از شروع دور نهایی تحریم های یکجانبه آمریکا علیه ایران، معاون وزیر راه و شهرسازی خبر داده که نماینده کشورمان در IMO (سازمان بین المللی دریانوردی) رسما شکایتی علیه این تصمیم یکجانبه ارائه خواهد نمود.
به گزارش خبرنگاران، در شرایطی که اتحادیه اروپا، چین، روسیه و تقریبا تمامی کشورهای دنیا اظهار داشتند که ایران پایبندی خود به برجام را به طور کامل ثابت نموده و از تحریم های جدید تبعیت نمی نمایند، اما فشارهای بین المللی دولت ایالات متحده باعث شده برخی محدودیت ها در عرصه های مختلف اقتصادی از جمله عرصه دریایی علیه ایران شکل گیرد.
چند روز پس از اعلام خروج ترامپ از برجام، بزرگترین لاینر بین المللی دنیا اظهار داشت که از آب های ایران خارج خواهد شد و پس از آن نیز تعدادی از شرکت های بیمه و رده بندی اعلام نموده اند که به دلیل محدودیت های اعمال شده از سوی آمریکا، امکان تداوم همکاری با ایران را نخواهند داشت.
دولت ایالات متحده نیز گفته که به جز بندر چابهار، سایر بنادر ایران وارد تحریم های جدید می شوند و شرکت هایی که در این بخش ها با ایران همکاری نمایند، از سوی این دولت جریمه خواهند شد. به دنبال این اتفاق، ایران گزارش و شکایتی را مستند به قوانین بین المللی آماده نموده که طبق اعلام مدیرعامل سازمان بنادر و دریانوردی در روزهای آینده از سوی نماینده ایران در لندن ارائه خواهد شد.
محمد راستاد این را نیز گفته که هیچ کشوری در تحریم های جدید با آمریکا همراهی نمی نماید و پیش بینی می کنیم که در اجلاس پیش روی سازمان IMO حمایت قابل توجهی از ایران صورت گیرد.
اروپا دروازه های جدید باز کند
در این رابطه سعید ایزدیان - معاون سابق سازمان بنادر و دریانوردی - در گفت وگو با خبرنگاران درباره میزان اثرگذاری احتمالی شکایات ایران از آمریکا در IMO شرح داد: سازمان IMO به عنوان سازمانی زیر نظر سازمان ملل فعالیت می نماید که این موضوع در یک بعد برای ایران مثبت و در بعد دیگر منفی خواهد بود.
وی ادامه داد: با توجه به این که این سازمان تمامی قواعد و مقررات بین المللی در عرصه دریایی را وضع می نماید، می توان انتظار داشت که با حمایت احتمالی از ایران دولت آمریکا در این عرصه نیز مجبور به دفاع انفرادی از خود گردد، اما از سوی دیگر مشکل ما در تحریم ها مربوط به شرکت های بیمه و رده بندی می گردد که باید برای آنها چاره ای اندیشید.
ایزدیان با بیان این که اروپا باید برای حمایت از ایران دروازه های جدید همکاری باز کند، گفت: یکی از این گزینه ها می تواند راه اندازی شرکت های بیمه جدید باشد که با دور زدن تحریم های آمریکا، مراودات دریایی با ایران را اجرایی کند و حتی اگر این شرکت ها بیمه شوند نیز می توان باز گزینه های جدید به وجود آورد.
این کارشناس اظهار داشت: ایران از نظر دریایی جایگاهی غیرقابل کتمان در منطقه دارد و با توجه به این که اروپا اعلام نموده در برجام باقی خواهد ماند و حمایت خود از ایران را نیز حفظ می نماید، باید دو طرف چاره ای بیندیشند تا این تحریم های یکجانبه نتواند به حرکت دریایی ایران لطمه ای وارد کند، زیرا در غیر این صورت اقتصاد ایران با مشکل روبرو می گردد و به این ترتیب اثرگذاری برجام و صحبت های مطرح شده از سوی اروپایی ها از واقعیت فاصله خواهد گرفت.منبع: خبرگزاری ایسنا<|endoftext|>What is a two-tailed test?
A hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction that can be tested. It usually involves one situation that is thought to affect another situation. An example of a hypothesis is that warm environments increase the growth of bacteria.
Answer and Explanation: 1
A two-tailed test is also called a non-directional hypothesis and tests the significance of a relationship between variables that may show positive or...
See full answer below.
Learn more about this topic:
fromChapter 14 / Lesson 4
Differentiate between one-tailed and two-tailed tests. Learn about directional and non-directional hypotheses and view one-tailed and two-tailed test examples.<|endoftext|>Headaches and Migraines
The pediatric doctors at OHSU Doernbecher understand how headaches behave differently in young patients than in adults. If your child’s primary care doctor recommends an exam with our specialists, we offer:
- Complete examination to identify the type of headache your child is having and any underlying problem.
- A team-based approach to care, with pediatric specialists who work together to tailor treatments to your child’s specific needs.
- The most advanced imaging equipment should scans be recommended.
Headaches are common in young people and only rarely indicate a more serious problem. In most cases, your child’s primary care doctor can recommend medication and other remedies.
In other cases, headaches can disrupt relationships and activities such as school. Early diagnosis and treatment can keep problems from getting worse. Your child’s primary care doctor can help determine when more specialized treatment is needed.
Headaches are characterized in several ways, including:
Primary: These headaches arise on their own and are not caused by an underlying condition.
Secondary: These are caused by another health condition, such as a sinus infection or concussion.
This is the most common type and is often caused by stress or anxiety. Symptoms can include:
- Steady or dull pain
- Mild to moderate pain
- A feeling of tightness or pressure as if from a band around the head
- Tight muscles in the head or neck
Migraines can run in families. In children, these headaches are characterized by:
- Moderate to severe pain on one or both sides
- A throbbing or pulsing sensation
- Pain that gets worse with physical activity
- Nausea or vomiting
- Sensitivity to light and sound
- Stomach pain
- Lasting two to 72 hours
Migraine with aura: In this type, a child or teen experiences an “aura,” or changes in vision, speech or other perceptions less than an hour before the headache begins. This type is less common than a regular migraine.
A sinus headache can accompany a sinus infection. A child or teen may have a throbbing headache along with a cough, fever and stuffy or runny nose.
This type occurs on fewer than 15 days a month.
This type occurs on at least 15 days a month.
Chronic migraine headache: This type occurs when a patient has headaches at least 15 days a month, including at least eight migraine headaches a month.
This type is unusual in children younger than 10 and less common than migraine. Symptoms include:
- Repeated episodes
- Intense pain on one side of the head
- Pain behind one eye
- Redness and swelling in the affected eye
- Runny or stuffy nose
Patients with chronic headaches who frequently take medications (or combinations of medications) such as ibuprofen and aspirin can develop headaches caused by the medications themselves. A doctor can help a patient withdraw and/or switch to another medication.
When to call a doctor
In rare cases, a headache can indicate a more serious problem. See a doctor right away if your child has one or more of the following:
- Frequent severe or worsening headaches, especially first thing in the morning or in the middle of the night
- Nausea or vomiting, especially in the morning
- A headache after a blow to the head
- Problems with vision or hearing
- Problems walking, breathing, speaking or swallowing
- Weakness in the face, in an arm or leg, or on one side of the body
- Numbness or tingling in an arm or leg
- Changes in personality, behavior or mood
- Fever with neck pain or stiffness
Your child’s primary care doctor or a pediatric specialist at OHSU Doernbecher Children’s Hospital can assess the cause and type of headache with examination and, if needed, diagnostic imaging.
- Medical history: The doctor will ask you and your child about the headaches, symptoms and when they started. The doctor will also ask about any family history of headache. You may be asked to log your child's headaches in a diary to detect patterns and triggers.
- Physical exam: The doctor will examine your child, taking measurements such as height and weight, for example, and listening to your child's heart.
- Neurological exam: A pediatric neurologist will assess your child's movement, sensation, thinking abilities and other functions to detect any problem with the brain or other parts of the nervous system.
- Diagnostic imaging: If exams indicate the need for imaging, Doernbecher has the most advanced MRI and CT equipment to take scans of your child's brain or other internal structures.
These are the most common ways doctors help parents treat primary headaches in children and teens.
Avoid triggers: A parent or patient may be asked to keep a diary to identify factors or situations that lead to headaches. Once a parent and child understand these triggers, they can try to avoid or manage them. Common triggers include:
- Lack of sleep
- Stress from problems at home or school
- Too much caffeine
- Eating processed foods with nitrates or monosodium glutamate
- Disruptions in routine
- Too much time in front of a computer screen
Manage stress: This can include:
- Setting healthy routines, such as making sure your child gets enough sleep and exercise
- Making sure your child doesn't have too many activities
- Offering reassurance and support
- Setting reasonable expectations
- Relaxation exercises
Medication: Your child's doctor may recommend over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers.
It’s important to note that some of these pages contain useful information but are not specific to children. If you have concerns about your child or teen, please consult your child’s doctor or your care team at Doernbecher Children’s Hospital.
- Headache Information Page, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
- Children’s Headache Disorders, National Headache Foundation
- Headache diary formats:<|endoftext|>One of PETA’s more outré facets is its staunch opposition to animal testing, especially that done in a regulatory capacity. PETA president Ingrid Newkirk has been quoted saying, “Even if animal research resulted in a cure for AIDS, we’d be against it.”
A new study from Tel Aviv University should give the organization’s supporters something to cheer about: It’s possible that animal testing, which is required for health and medical products, could be done using tissue generated from stem cells (hold off for a second, other pressure groups) and not living creatures.
The research by professor Amit Gefen of Tel Aviv University could put lab rats out of work (and harm’s way).
His investigation of fat cells, published in Tissue Engineering, suggests that tissue needed for experiments can be produced using fat, skin, bone and muscle cells. Gefen uses adult rat stem cells to create the tissues he needs for his own work on the mechanical properties of pressure ulcers.
He argues that using engineered tissues might even be more efficient than using those from living animals. The model he and his team have created is very reliable, he says, and he predicts that as few as 5 percent of the animals used in labs today will need to be sacrificed in the future.
“Drugs make our lives better, and basic science is needed to push new drugs through clinical trials,” Gefen observed in a release. “But there is no doubt that an untold number of animals are sacrificed in the laboratory setting — both in basic research and in applied conditions when testing particular molecules.”
He is currently working to develop a new tool that investigates fat accumulation in cells and weight loss drugs. The devices he has built so far include one that tells doctors the amount of stress placed on a person’s foot, buttocks or other soft tissues. Another measures the amount of sensation remaining in a diabetic limb.
Gefen says his team can now build a number of simplified living tissues “quite readily” and keep them alive. They are genetically identical to each other (and similar to the biological tissue of the animal they come from) and allow environmental factors to be well-controlled, making it easier for scientists to reproduce their experiments than it is when they use live animals.
He hopes that one day, models can be created based on human tissue, but acknowledges that it may take years to make this a reality.
Still, his research thus far suggests that animal rights activists might not have to choose between lab rats and sick kids after all.<|endoftext|>Bellissima ciotola in ceramica di Guido Gambone con smalto vulcano marrone e rosso/arancio.
Firmato in basso.
Guido Gambone (1909 – 1969) è uno dei più importanti e influenti ceramisti italiani della metà del XX secolo. Nasce a Montella, Avellino in Italia, nel 1909 e si trasferisce con i genitori a Vietri nel 1927. Inizia la sua attività presso la locale ceramista di Avallone, prosegue la sua formazione presso la Manifattura Artistica Ceramica Salernitana prima di trasferirsi alla famosa I.C.S. (Industria Ceramica Salernitana). Divenne direttore artistico dell'I.C.S. nel 1935. Successivamente avvia le proprie ceramiche, La Faenzerella a Vietri e successivamente La Tirrena a Firenze. Morì all'età di sessant'anni, nel 1969. Il lavoro di Gambone fuse pittura, primitivismo, tradizione, movimenti artistici moderni e divenne enormemente influente.
Sarà imballato bene e assicurazione dopo l'offerta vincente.<|endoftext|>Ingredienti
50 g di riso per l’infanzia, un pizzico di zafferano, mezzo scalogno, due foglie di prezzemolo, un cucchiaio di formaggio grattugiato tipo grana, un cucchiaino di olio extravergine d’oliva, un pizzico di sale
Preparazione
Sbuccia e taglia a fettine lo scalogno, mettilo in una pentola con l’olio extravergine d’oliva e fallo rosolare.
Unisci il riso e il sale, continuando a girare, aggiungi un pizzico di zafferano. Copri il tutto con l’acqua calda e continua a cuocere a fuoco basso per circa 10 minuti.
A fine cottura aggiungi il formaggio grattugiato e il prezzemolo precedentemente lavato e sminuzzato e servi al bimbo.<|endoftext|>Written by Georgia Water Coalition, a group of more than 230 organizations including Altamaha Riverkeeper, Apalachicola Riverkeeper, Chattachoochee Riverkeeper, Flint Riverkeeper, Ogeechee Riverkeeper, Satilla Riverkeeper, Savannah Riverkeeper, St. Marys Riverkeeper, and WWALS Watershed Coaltion, a Waterkeeper Affiliate.
Georgia’s leading water coalition named its “Dirty Dozen” for 2016, highlighting 12 of the worst offenses to Georgia’s waters. The annual Dirty Dozen shines a spotlight on threats to Georgia’s water resources. It also highlights the polluters and state policies or failures that threaten the health and safety of Georgia’s waters. Nine Riverkeepers and Affiliates are members of the Georgia Water Coalition.
“This year’s report highlights the real, human costs of dirty energy production in Georgia’s communities,” said Joe Cook, Advocacy and Communication Coordinator for Coosa River Basin Initiative. “Toxic chemicals from coal plants are showing up in groundwater wells and in our rivers while risky proposals for transporting and extracting gas and oil threaten water supplies, wildlife and property rights.”
For instance, residents across the state are concerned about the safe disposal of the pollution left behind at coal-fired power plants. Altamaha Riverkeeper Jen Hillburn is monitoring coal ash storage at multiple sites. For example, Lake Sinclair is on the receiving end of toxic coal ash wastewater from Georgia Power Co.’s retired Plant Branch. In Jesup and Juliette, toxins associated with coal ash have shown up in groundwater. Despite these threats, the state’s recently adopted coal ash regulations will only require testing of groundwater twice a year at the many facilities storing coal ash.
“Groundwater supplies about 20 percent of the state’s drinking water,” said Emily Markesteyn Kurilla, Ogeechee Riverkeeper. “For such an important resource, the government has not been serious in protecting it. Our legislators let existing protections lapse, and they have failed to address existing pollution of wells. It’s past time to protect this important water supply.”
Other pollution issues and water supply problems associated with risky energy production are highlighted in the report. A proposed nuclear power plant in South Georgia is included because it will permanently remove millions of gallons of water from the already over-stressed Chattahoochee River.
Chattahoochee Riverkeeper’s Jason Ulseth says “During times of drought like we are experiencing today, there is a very limited amount of water in the Chattahoochee River basin to meet everyone’s needs. This proposed nuclear plant would consume millions of gallons of water every day that we simply cannot afford to lose from this river system.”
In Southwest Georgia, a federal agency gave a private company the right of eminent domain to build a natural gas pipeline to deliver the commodity to Florida power companies. Flint Riverkeeper and WWALS (Withlacoochee, Willacoochee, Alapaha, Little, and Upper Suwannee River; Waterkeeper Affiliate) contend the pipeline poses a threat to the region’s drinking water while providing no benefits to Georgia residents.
And, in Northwest Georgia the potential for natural gas exploration and the use of fracking techniques has residents worried about their well water. Coosa River Basin Initiative’s Joe Cook says “Georgia’s 40-year-old oil and gas drilling law does not adequately protect residents from the risks associated with modern drilling techniques.”
“I do not feel that my property, or our community’s water resources, are adequately protected by Georgia’s existing laws,” said Kiki Edmonds, Floyd County resident. “Many people in rural areas are not eligible for city water. Those families rely on well water for drinking, cooking, bathing, cleaning, and crop irrigation. I believe the protection of groundwater is my biggest concern. I’m also worried about our rivers and streams, our landscape, damage to our already worn county roads, air pollution, and, of course, the threat of earthquakes like we’re seeing in Oklahoma.”
From government’s failure to enforce stream protections to legislative deception that takes money from important clean community programs, the issues outlined in this report represent an opportunity for Georgia’s 10 million residents and its leaders to take action to ensure the state’s future generations have enough clean water to grow and prosper.
Coalition members encourage Georgians to speak out on these issues by sharing the report on social media, signing petitions and sending emails. Concerned residents can visit
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可总结为：吸一拉一派一落。
庄家手持的是成千万、上亿的资金，如果他们买入某种股票时一次投入的资金太多，就会使股价上升太快，而原来愿意以较低价格卖出的人也会要按抬高的价格来卖出，这样就无法达到买入较低价格股票的目的。所以在一开始买入时，总是在买进股票的同时又以更低的价格卖出一些股票，使股价无法上升。
等他们已经买进足够多的股票，或者说手里握有足够多的筹码时，就开始拉抬股份。他们投入资金使股价节节上升，从而吸引更多的人愿意来购买股票。为了使这种股价上升得更“合理”，一开始时他们就要选择那些有潜力有题材的股票，这时更要煽风点火，火上加油。
直到股票的价格上升到某个高度，市场的交投也充分活跃时，他们在卖出自己的股票，称之为“派发”。在这个时候，为了保持股价不下落，同时造成市场活跃的假象，他们在卖出股票的同时又买入部分这种股票，称之为“对倒”。
因为买卖双方都是同一家，所以他们并没有什么损失，但是吸引来大量的跟风者。这时我们会看到买卖股票的人非常踊跃，但股价却不升反降。等庄家出货派发的差不多了，就把手中的筹码一股脑抛出，这时我们就会看到股价一个劲地往下跌，止也止不住，这种情况叫“跳水”，指由于庄家抛售出而使股价一路下跌。
正因为庄家的炒股手法与散户不同，所以才会造成这种散户一买就跌一卖就涨的结果。因此散户在炒股的时候，一定要盯紧庄家的意图，当庄家有变化的时候，我们也要转变炒股的思路。
西南证卷股民观点
人民财经网友：
看完这篇《庄家可以看见散户的账户吗，庄家运行的过程》文章后，突然间感觉自己很傻，以前玩股票的时候都是盲目的瞎买瞎卖，但是现在不会了，谢谢小编了！
东方财经网友：
对于《庄家可以看见散户的账户吗，庄家运行的过程》这篇文章确实是太精彩了，看完西南证卷小编的文章后，突然间感觉自己对股票茅塞顿开了，以后会一直来这个网站的。
网易财经网友：
我以前也看到过很多股票相关的知识文章，感觉都是千篇一律没什么精彩的内容，但是看到西南证卷小编写的庄家可以看见散户的账户吗，庄家运行的过程》这篇文章后确实让我学到东西了。
1、本网站发布的资源《 西南证卷:庄家可以看见散户的账户吗，庄家运行的过程(全新内容) 》为小国财经网原创或整理，版权归原作者所有，转载请注明出处！
2、本网站作文/文章《 西南证卷:庄家可以看见散户的账户吗，庄家运行的过程(全新内容) 》仅代表作者本人的观点，与本网站立场无关，作者文责自负。
3、本网站一直无私为股民提供股票配资的相关内容，对于不当转载或引用本网内容而引起的民事纷争、行政处理或其他损失，本网不承担责任。<|endoftext|>L’altro ieri ascoltavo Radio Capodistria, il programma L’Italia è fatta (a cura di Barbara Costamagna) e la trasmissione era sulla Storia della lingua italiana.
Alcuni dati e alcune frasi mi hanno davvero colpito, e qui di seguito riporto quando ricordo.
Fine 1700 – buona parte del 1800
Manzoni scriveva in italiano, ma quando girava per l’Italia, se voleva comunicare con altre persone colte parlava in Francese. L’italiano non esisteva ancora come lingua del popolo. L’italiano era la lingua, o meglio il volgare fiorentino, scelto da Dante, Petrarca, per la loro poesia.
“Durante il regno d’Italia i regnanti non volevano un popolo colto.”
Aggiungo io che l’organizzazione scolastica, pubblica, e dei licei, è ancora merito di Napoleone.
Prima della Prima guerra mondiale.
Da alcuni studi fatti la popolazione che nella penisola italiana parlava la lingua italiana era meno del 3%, e intorno al 6 o 7%, massimo intorno al 10% era la popolazione che capiva la lingua italiana.
Tullio De Mauro stima nel 1963 (Aggiungo da Wikipedia).
Nella sua Storia linguistica dell’Italia unita (1963) Tullio De Mauro ha stimato che al momento dell’unificazione solo il 2,5% degli abitanti d’Italia potesse essere definito “italofono”.
Dopo la seconda guerra mondiale.
La popolazione che parlava la lingua italiana era intorno al 10%. L’italiano era una lingua che si studiava a scuola (un po’ come una lingua straniera) ma le popolazioni parlavano i loro dialetti e/o altre lingue.
La RAI, radio televisione italiana è stata la grande educatrice, in prima persona Mike Bongiono (con il suo linguaggio semplice, semplificato al massimo per essere comprensbile al più vasto pubblico).
1955 troupe della RAI in meridione.
Intervistano popolazioni locali che guardano la televisione, (unico canale la RAI), e chiedono alla popolazione, che lingua parlano quelli nel televisore, le risposte sono: SPAGNOLO!! Ancora nel 1955 l’italiano era questo sconosciuto. Circa la metà della popolazione negli anni 50 non aveva la licenza elementare. Il 64% della popolazione parlava e capiva solo uno dei dialetti, (e non l’italiano).
1990, il 90% della popolazione parla italiano.
L’Italia è fatta, la scolarizzazione ha fatto il suo corso, la scuola dell’obbligo arriva fino alla terza media e la maggioranza delle nuove generazioni prendono la licenza superiore.
In pratica ho ascoltato la CRONISTORIA DELL’INVENZIONE DI UNA LINGUA NAZIONALE E UNA NAZIONE.
Qui puoi ascoltare la registrazione di un vecchio podcast della trasmissione L’Italia è Fatta.
E d’ora in poi, quando faccio notare alcune cose come l’inutilità del “QU” nella lingua italiana, evitate la scusa della tradizione della lingua italiana, perché ha soltanto da 3 a 4 generazioni, meno di 70 anni come lingua del popolo, e presenta ancora un sacco di storture linguistiche mai corrette, raddrizzate, migliorate o tolte.
ITALIANI, il paradosso è che SIAMO UN POPOLO SENZA STORIA RECENTE. Perché abbiamo perso la guerra, la storia contemporanea, il 900 a scuola non lo insegna praticamente nessuno. Ci hanno martellato alle elementari, medie, superiori con la storia dei Romani, perché era meglio non farci sapere. Dovevamo crescere come popolo inconsapevole, perché per chi ci governa realmente è meglio che noi NON sappiamo come stanno realmente le cose.<|endoftext|>فرودگاه جاسک با حضور فرماندهان ارتش و به زمین نشستن اولین پرواز ملی در این فرودگاه، رسما از یه فرودگاه نظامی به ملی تبدیل شد.
به گزارش روابط عمومی نداجا، صبح امروز و با حضور دریادار سیاری معاون هماهنگ کننده ارتش، دریادار خانزادی فرمانده نیروی دریایی و آیت الله حسینی بوشهری فرودگاه جاسک رسما به فرودگاه ملی تبدیل شد و اولین پرواز ملی در این فرودگاه به زمین نشست.
«امیر خانزادی» در مراسم گشایش فرودگاه جاسک طی سخنانی، گفت:
همونجوری که آگاهی دارین، این روزا حمل و نقل به عنوان جزو لاینفک زندگی آدم، بستر مهمی رو واسه رشد و پیشرفت در اختیار جامعه بشری قرار می دهد و مبنایی واسه آزمایش اندازه پیشرفت یافتگی تلقی می شه.
ایشون اضافه کرد:
حمل و نقل هوایی علاوه بر سرعت بخشیدن به جابجایی ها، ظرفیت های ملی رو در ابعاد جور واجور در دسترس قرار داده و به اشتراک گذاری اون رو آسون کردن می کنه.
طوری که مناطق کمتر برخوردار با بهره مندی از این ظرفیت، به شکل انبساطی به ظرفیت های قابل به اشتراک گذاری مناطق بیشتر برخوردار دسترسی پیدا می کنن و این موضوع کمک زیادی به کاهش محرومیت ها و محدودیت ها می کنه.
فرمانده نیروی دریایی ارتش اضافه کرد:
حمل و نقل هوایی، علاوه بر افزایش آسایش و رفاه واسه هموطنان عزیزمون در سواحل مکران، سرزمین آفتاب و دروازه طلایی اتصال کشور به دریاهای آزاد جهان، کناره امنیت اجتماعی رو زیاد کرده و بندر راهبردی جاسک رو بیشتر از قبل واسه تبدیل شدن به یه گره مواصلاتی چندوجهی که به ظرفیت های گذرگاهی و ترانزیتی ملی، منطقه ای و جهانی متصله، نزدیک می کنه.
امیر خانزادی گفت:
در واقع فرودگاه «شهدای هفتم آذر» بندر راهبردی جاسک که امروز با حضور شما گشایش می شه رو می توان مبدأ تاریخ جدید واسه جهش و پیشرفت تمدن دریایی در سواحل مکران به حساب بیاره که شکل گیری چرخه های توانایی ساز تمدنی و تولید کننده قدرت دریایی رو آسون کردن می کنه و به نیروی دریایی ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران کمک می کنه تا با برخورداری از ظرفیت های مکران پیشرفت یافته، اون گونه که انتظار می رود، تبلور قدرت ملت و نظام در دریا باشه.
از طرفی سیستم حمل و نقل واسه رفع کردن نیازای بشر به وجود آورده. به خاطر همین فارغ از رویکردها و جنبه های اقتصادی اون، نباید بی عدالتی بین آدم ها و نسل ها قائل شد.
در داشتن این ظرفیت، ایجاد عدالت اجتماعی و پیشرفت متوازن مهمه.
:
هدفی که به برکت نظام مقدس جمهوری اسلامی ایران و تلاشی مسنجم از طرف نیروی دریایی، شما عزیزان در بخش های جور واجور ملی و تأکید خاص مقام معظم رهبری، نقش با ارزشی در ایجاد عدالت اجتماعی، برخورداری از ظرفیت های ملی و محرومیت زدایی از چهره سواحل مکران اجرا کرده و به فعال شدن توانایی های اون در ابعاد جور واجور کمک می کنه.
این موضوع فرصتی مناسب واسه پیشرفت گفتگو اقتصادی، سیاسی، فرهنگی، دفاعی و امنیتی رو با دقیق شدن و فوکوس کردن بر دریا و بندر راهبردی جاسک واسه تأثیرگذاری کلان و پیوند زدن منافع و امنیت جمعی به منافع ملی واسه شکوفایی اقتصادی و پیشرفت از راه ایجاد امنیت و صلح پایدار جفت و جور می کنه.
فرمانده نیروی دریایی ارتش تأکید کرد:
امروز که به میمنت اجرایی شدن فرمون مقام معظم رهبری در برخورداری مردم شریف بندر راهبردی جاسک از فرودگاه و رفاه بیشتر، خوشحال هستیم، بر خود واجب می دانم یاد و خاطره عزیزانی رو مثل شهید دریادار شیرانی زنده نگاه دارم که با مجاهدت خاموش و ایثار زیاد، نقش مهمی در توفیق امروز اجرا کرده.
امیر دریادار خانزادی اضافه کرد:
هم اینکه مراتب سپاس و تشکر خود و خونواده بزرگ نیروی دریایی رو تقدیم به امیر دریادار حبیب الله سیاری، بزرگ مردی می کنم که صبورانه و با اهتمامی خاص، بیرق پیشرفت سواحل مکران رو افراشته نگاه داشت تا امروز تماشاگر به بار نشستن تلاش هایی باشیم که همگام با مجاهدت خاموش کارکنان و خونواده های نیروی دریایی ارتش با عشق به ولایت و ملت شریف ایران واسه رسیدن و رسیدن به جایگاه ممتاز متناسب با ایران اسلامی، در کار دریا صورت گرفته.
فرمانده نیروی دریایی ارتش در آخر گفت:
با امید به اینکه بتونیم با بهره مندی از همه ظرفیت ها و همگام با همتون عزیزان در بخش های ملی و بخش های خصوصی متعهدانه در راه رشد و پیشرفت سواحل مکران قدم های مصمم و تاثیر رو ورداریم.<|endoftext|>بیماری های گیاهان خانگی :
ریزیش برگ:
علت اکثر ریزش های برگی مسمومیت و آلودگی هواست. میزان نشت گاز باید آنقدر کم باشد که برای انسان حتی قابل تسخیص نیز نباشد اما همین میزان، کافی است تا گیاه شما را هلاک کند. بعضی وقت ها نیز دلیل ریزش برگ ها تنش ناشی از جابجایی گیاه می باشد، مثل انتقال از یک محیط آفتاب گیر به یک محیط سایه دار.
زرد شدن برگ ها:
افراط در آبیاری ، رطوبت کم، تهویه نامناسب خاک به علت سخت شدن و سِله خاک، آفات( میلی باگ ها، حشرات فلسی، عنکبوت قرمز و ...) فرسایش خاک، آلودگی محیط با گاز می تواند علت زرد شدن برگ ها باشد.
قهوه ای شدن نوک برگ:
افراط و تفریط در آبیاری، آفتای سوختگی و یا حمله حشرات می تواند باعث قهوه ای شدن نوک برگ ها شود.
ضعف رشد:
هوای گرم و خشک و کمبود آفتاب ممکن است باعث ضعف رشد شود.
پوسیدگی برگ ها:
آلودگی های قارچی باعث پوسیدگی برگ ها می شود.
پژمردگی یا پلاسیدگی :
کم قوتی خاک و کم آبی باعث پژمردگی گیاه می شود.
لکه دار شدن برگ ها:
آفتاب زیاد برای گیاهان سایه دوست و افراط در آبیاری باعث ظهور خال ها و لکه هایی روی برگ ها می شود<|endoftext|>پیش از تکمیل فرم ثبت نام لاتاری (DS-5501) می بایست اطمینان حاصل کنید که شرایط و مدارک زیر را دارید:
لازم به ذکر است فرم ds 5501 تنها برای شخص متقاضی اصلی پر میشود و مشخصات افراد زیر مجموعه فرد در همان فرم واحد ثبت می گردد بنابراین شرایط بالا را فرد اصلی باید داشته باشد. یعنی شخص متاهلی که می خواهد فرم ثبت نام لاتاری (ds 5501) را تکمیل کند، افراد زیر مجموعه او (یعنی همسر و فرزندان مجرد زیر 21 سال او) نیازی نیست شرایط ذکر شده را داشته باشند.<|endoftext|>Gennaro Gattuso, corona virüs testi pozitif çıkan Terim'e mesaj gönderdi.
Galatasaray Teknik Direktörü Fatih Terim, corona virüs testinin pozitif çıktığını açıkladıktan sonra, spor camiası ona destek mesajları gönderdi.
Bu mesajlardan birisi de Terim'in Milan'ı çalıştırdığı dönemde öğrencisi olan Gennaro Gattuso idi.
Gattuso, Terim'e "Merhaba Grande! Bu mücadeleyi de kazanacaksın. Sana kocaman sarılıyorum. İyi olmanı diliyorum. Ben Gattuso. Sevgi ve selamlarımla..." mesajını gönderdi.<|endoftext|>Yazdığınız son şeyi “geri alma” yeteneği, normalde bilgisayarlarda kabul ettiğimiz bir şeydir. iPhone'da ayrıca kullanışlı bir geri dönüş hareketi var ve bir Samsung Galaxy telefonu kullanıyorsanız, aynısını yapıyorsunuz.
Samsung Galaxy cihazları, Samsung Klavye ile birlikte bir geri alma işlevine sahiptir. Bu bağlamda “Geri Dön”, tek tek karakterleri değil, yazdığınız son birkaç kelimeyi silecektir. Bir dezavantajı, bu özelliği etkinleştirirseniz kaydırmayı kullanamayacak olmanızdır.
İlk olarak, artık orada değilse Samsung Klavyeyi varsayılan klavye uygulamanız olarak ayarlamamız gerekiyor.
İLİŞKİLİ: Android telefonunuzda klavye nasıl değiştirilir
Ardından, Hızlı Ayarlar kutucuklarını açmak için ekranın üstünden aşağı doğru kaydırın. Ayarları açmak için dişli simgesine dokunun.
Ardından “Genel Yönetim” bölümüne gidin.
Şimdi “Samsung Klavye Ayarları”na tıklayın.
Aşağı kaydırın ve “Oynat, Dokun ve Kişiler” bölümüne gidin.
“Klavye kaydırma kontrolleri”ni seçin.
Bu, büyük olasılıkla varsayılan “Yazmak için kaydır” işlevi olacaktır. Bunu İmleç Ofisine taşımak istiyoruz.
İmleç Kontrolü'nün izin verdiği birçok şey vardır, bunlardan biri hareketlerin geri alınması ve tekrarlanmasıdır. Nasıl çalışır:
- Geri al: Klavyede iki parmağınızla sağdan sola kaydırın.
- Lütfen tekrar deneyin: Klavyede iki parmağınızla soldan sağa kaydırın.
- İmleci hareket ettir: Bir parmağınızı klavye üzerinde yatay olarak kaydırın.
- Metni seçin: Bir parmağınızla Shift tuşunu basılı tutun ve diğer parmağınızı klavyede yatay olarak kaydırın.
Bu kadar! Şimdi onu geri alabilir ve kalbine göre tekrar yapabilirsin. Telefonunuza çok fazla mesaj yazarsanız bu çok kullanışlı bir özelliktir. İmleci hareket ettirmek ve kolayca metin seçmek bonus özelliklerdir. Klavyenizin olmasını istediğiniz gibi olduğundan emin olun.
İLİŞKİLİ: Android'de klavye titreşimi nasıl kapatılır<|endoftext|>The debate about pacifiers as useful aides to soothe crying infants versus developmentally stunting crutches has been with us for decades. This group of researchers from the University of Wisconsin and elsewhere set out to test the possibility that pacifier use was associated with a delay in emotional development. Their hypothesis was that increased pacifier use impeded emotional growth
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Dakota
- West Virginia
What is a Minor Child Power of Attorney?
A Minor Child Power of Attorney (POA) is a legal agreement created between the parents or guardians of a child and a party called the “Attorney-in-Fact” or “agent”. The can be any responsible adult (18+) the parent(s) have deemed capable of taking care of their child. This can include a sibling, grandparent, cousin, uncle, or close friend. The form differs from a traditional guardian appointment in that it does not grant permanent guardianship. The agent’s powers are limited to what is stated in the power of attorney.
The length of time a Minor Child POA may last is dependent on state laws. The most common time length is six (6) to twelve (12) months. In special cases, such as military deployment, state laws often permit the POA to last longer than one (1) year.
How to Get a Minor Child Power of Attorney
Parents/guardians who wish to execute a Minor Child Power of Attorney can do so by completing the following five (5) steps:
Step 1 – Select the Agent
Given the fact that the agent will be responsible for taking care of their minor child in their absence, the parent or guardian should carefully think about who will be ideal to carry out this responsibility. The one they choose should be 1) highly responsible, 2) financially stable, 3) provide a safe home environment, and 4) take care of the child as though they were their own child. Once the parents have narrowed down a few potential candidates, they should reach out to each to see how willing they would be to take on the role as agent.
Step 2 – Complete the Form
The next step is to complete the Minor POA form that is compliant with state laws. Select from one of the fifty (50) states above to ensure a form that complies with local state laws is selected.
Step 3 – Follow State Signing Requirements
The parent(s) must understand and subsequently follow through on any signing requirements noted in their state’s POA laws. Although each state is different, it will commonly require either the signatures of two (2) witnesses OR notarization. See your state’s signing requirements.
Step 4 – Deliver Copies
Next, the parent (principal) should provide a copy of the POA to their agent, and any individuals or entities that the agent will regularly communicate with. This includes school institutions, health care providers, after-school programs, and anything else the child is highly-involved with. Remember who received a copy, as the parent would need to provide every person or entity that received a revocation form should they wish to terminate the POA.
Maximum POA Duration By State
Minor child POAs are commonly limited to remaining in effect for six (6) months to one (1) year. About a quarter of all states have no restrictions on the length of time a minor POA can remain in effect for.
Duration = the amount of time the agent can act on behalf of the parents. The time starts from the moment the POA goes into effect.
|STATE||MAXIMUM DURATION / LAWS|
|Alabama||1 Year (§ 26-2A-7)|
|Alaska||1 Year (§ 13.26.066)|
|Arizona||6 Months (§§ 14-5104, 14-5107)|
|Arkansas||No Max. (§ 28-68-213)|
|California||No Max. (§§ 1510 to 1517)|
|Colorado||1 Year (§ 15-14-105)|
|Connecticut||No Max. (§ 45a-622)|
|Delaware||§§ 2320 to 2328|
|Georgia||1 Year (§§ 19-9-120 to 134)|
|Hawaii||1 Year (§ 560:5-105)|
|Idaho||6 Months (§ 15-5-104)|
|Illinois||755 ILCS 45/4-3|
|Indiana||6 Months (§ 29-3-9-1)|
|Kansas||1 Year (SB 148)|
|Louisiana||§§ 951, 952, 953, & 954|
|Maine||1 Year (§ 5-127(1))|
|Michigan||6 Months (§ 700.5103)|
|Mississippi||1 Year (Title 93, Ch. 31)|
|Missouri||1 Year (§ 475.602)|
|Montana||6 Months (§ 72-5-103)|
|Nebraska||6 Months (§ 30-2604)|
|Nevada||6 Months (NRS 159A.205 & 159A.215)|
|New Jersey||§ 3B:12-74|
|New Mexico||6 Months (§ 45-5-104)|
|New York||FCT § 661|
|North Carolina||Ch. 32A, Art. 4|
|North Dakota||6 Months (§§ 30.1-27-01 to 27-12)|
|Ohio||(§§ 3109.52 & 53)|
|Oklahoma||1 Year (§§ 10-700 & 701)|
|Oregon||6 Months (§ 109.056)|
|Tennessee||§§ 34-6-301 to 310|
|Utah||6 Months (§ 75-5-103)|
|Wisconsin||1 Year (§ 48.979)|
Minor Child Power of Attorney FAQ
What tasks can an Agent to a Minor Child POA be asked to do?
Each family’s needs are unique, so the tasks an agent may be requested to do can differ dramatically from one to the next. That being said, the tasks an agent can perform include:
- Schooling, and
- Everyday life.
- Take the child to doctor’s appointments,
- Make healthcare decisions that impact the child,
- Refuse, consent or withdraw consent for any procedures, tests, or treatments, and
- Access the child’s medical records.
- Drop off and pick up the child from school,
- Grant permission for the child to go on school trips,
- Sign any notes about the child’s schooling, and
- Meet with the child’s teachers.
- Make meals for and feed the child,
- Assist the child to do their homework,
- Provide care to the child while they are at home, and
- Put the child to bed.
What are common uses of a Minor Child POA?
There are many situations in which a parent/guardian could benefit from using a Minor Child POA, which include:
- When a parent/guardian is away on a business trip;
- When a parent/guardian regularly works interstate or overseas;
- When a parent/guardian needs to work overtime;
- When a parent/guardian will be working leaving for military active duty;
- When the child attends a boarding school;
- When the child participates in a school camp;
- When the child goes on a trip without the parents/guardians; and
- When the child needs to attend a training program or competition.
Can a minor child receive Power of Attorney over another child?
No, a minor cannot act as an agent to another minor child. While some states allow for emancipated minors to act with Power of Attorney in Durable POA and General POA arrangements, this is not the case for a minor POA. This is because, in the eyes of the law, a child does not have the capacity to take care of another child adequately.
As such, only someone who is eighteen (18) years or older may be nominated by the parents or guardians to act as an agent.
Does a Minor Child POA grant guardianship over a minor child?
It only grants temporary guardianship over a child. The parents / guardians will remain the primary caregivers of the child, and will not give up their respective parental rights.
For permanent guardianship over a minor child to be granted, a guardianship proceeding will need to be initiated. State laws dictate how guardianship may be obtained, so anyone wishing to seek guardianship should refer to their respective state laws on the matter.
How can I revoke a Minor Child POA?
A minor child POA can be revoked at any time by the parent(s) or guardian(s) by completing a revocation of POA form. The parents/guardians will need to give their agent a copy of the revocation as well as any individuals or entities that originally received a copy of the POA.<|endoftext|>Introduction by Ann Ronald, University of Nevada, Reno.
RAINLESSNESS, which one may not call drought, the valleys with sides crimson with the poison oak, the dusty vineyards, with great purple clusters thick among the leaves, and between the vines great dusty melons lying on the dusty earth. From off the boundless harvest fields the grain was carried in June, and it is now stacked in sacks along the track, awaiting freightage. California is a "land flowing with milk and honey." The barns are bursting with fullness. In the dusty orchards the apple and pear branches are supported, that they may not break down under the weight of fruit; melons, tomatoes, and squashes of gigantic size lie almost unheeded on the ground; fat cattle, gorged almost to repletion, shade themselves under the oaks; superb "red" horses shine, not with grooming, but with condition; and thriving farms everywhere show on what a solid basis the prosperity of the "Golden State" is founded. Very uninviting, however rich, was the blazing Sacramento Valley, and very repulsive the city of Sacrame<|endoftext|>Bir Moğol Olmak. Gündelik işinizden yorulduysanız ve haklı yerinizi evrenin efendisi olarak kabul etmeye hazırsanız, bir moğol olmak sizin için tam yol olabilir. Kapitalist ün ve servet yoluna başlamak için bu ipuçlarını izleyin.
Moğol gemisi bölgenize karar verin. Bir gemi filosuna veya dünya çapında bir telekomünikasyon işletmesine sahipseniz, zaten iyi bir başlangıç yapmış olursunuz. Olmazsa, yoluna devam etmenin zamanı geldi. Hemen küçük bir işletme veya ülke devralacak.
Sözü çıkar. Her fırsatta kendinizi mogul olarak ilan edin. Çok fazla talk-show'a devam et. Varislerle veya gündüz TV sunucusuyla rastgele dövüşlere başlayın. Unutmayın ki herhangi bir basın, "mahkumiyetinizi" oluştururken iyi bir baskıdır.
Genişlet ve çarp. Başarılı bir moğol olmak için mutlaka yaptığınız işte en iyi, sadece en büyük olmaya ihtiyacınız yoktur. Bir marka ismi geliştirin ve tokatlayabileceğiniz her şeye tokatlayın - şişelenmiş su, kedi maması, çevrimiçi buluşma hizmetleri, peynir, siz adlandırın.
Tüm rekabeti ortadan kaldırın. Seçtiğiniz uzmanlık alanında en iyisi ve en büyüğü olmak yeterli değildir, aynı zamanda başka hiç kimsenin aynı şeyi yapmayı düşünmediğini düşünmelisiniz. Durumlara uygun olarak şirket devralmalarını veya darbelerini uygulamaya başlayın.
Şık bir görünüm geliştirin. Donald Trump veya Fidel Castro'nun bugün bulundukları yere bir stil duygusu olmadan girdiğini mi düşünüyorsunuz? Taraklamanın artılarını ve eksilerini tartın veya kamyon şoförünün şapkasını canlandırın.
Bahşiş
Kimse moğol olmanın kolay olduğunu söylemedi. Her an moğolmaktan bir mola vermeyi ve yaşamdaki daha basit şeylerin tadını çıkarmayı unutmayın. İmparatorluğun sensiz birkaç gün yaşayabilir.<|endoftext|>Giresun'da depolanan çöplerden çevreye atık su sızdığı tespit edilen katı atık bertaraf tesisinin faaliyeti; depolama şeklinin hava, su ve toprakta kirliliğe yol açtığı gerekçesiyle yargı kararı ile durduruldu. Beyli Mahallesi'nin muhtarı Sami Durmuş, 'Çeşmeden akan suyla ne abdest alabiliyor ne banyo yapabiliyoruz ne de hayvanlarımız içebiliyor. Bizim yaşam standardımızı elimizden aldılar' dedi.<|endoftext|>Damaged optic nerves – which run from the eye to the brain – have been regrown for the first time by scientists working with mice.
The researchers believe the technique might one day restore sight to people whose optic nerves have been damaged by injury or glaucoma. It could even help regenerate other nerves in the body, they say.
A team led by Dong Feng Chen, at the Schepens Eye Research Institute in Boston, US, combined two genetic modifications to regrow the optic nerve after it was damaged.
First they turned on a gene called BCL-2, which promotes growth and regeneration of the optic nerve in young mice. This gene is normally turned off shortly before birth. They then bred those animals with other mice carrying genetic mutations that reduce scar tissue in injured nerves.
The researchers crushed the optic nerves shortly after birth, and found that in young mice – less than 14 days old – between 40% and 70% of the injured optic nerve fibres regrew to reach their target destinations in the brain. No regrowth was seen in injured mice without the genetic modifications.
That suggests the mice may have regained some vision, Chen told New Scientist, although the study cannot prove it did.
However, the approach did not work on mice more than two weeks old. This may be because the effect of BCL-2 begins to weaken, and scarring – which takes time to set in – starts to inhibit healing. The study could offer some insight into why mammals tend to lose their ability to regrow nerves after a certain age – a phenomenon that remains largely a mystery, suggest the authors.
“Unfortunately, the fountain of youth doesn’t last forever,” says Jerry Silver, a nerve regeneration expert at Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, US, who is not part of the team. “You can only give them two extra weeks” before the regeneration stops.
But Silver was impressed by the breakthrough, saying the study had the potential to become a “classic” in the field.
Chen says the relatively simple structure of the optic nerve may shed light on how to repair damage to more complicated systems, such as the spinal cord. To apply the genetic technique to humans, a form of gene therapy would have to be developed, or drugs developed that manipulate gene expression.
Chen and her colleagues have applied for two patents on the methods they have developed to stimulate neural cell regeneration and prevent degeneration.
Journal reference: Journal of Cell Science (March 2005 issue)<|endoftext|>Reckless arms trading devastates lives. Weapons and ammunition are produced and sold in shockingly large quantities.
Twelve billion bullets are produced every year. That is almost enough to kill everyone in the world twice. Every day, thousands of people are killed, injured and forced to flee their homes because of gun violence and armed conflict.
A global Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) imposing strict rules to regulate international arms transfers has been in force for over five years, yet global arms trading is still on the rise and continues to fuel human rights abuses. This is because some of the largest arms exporters like Russia and the USA have not ratified the treaty. And even countries that have ratified the treaty fail to comply with it, and transfer weapons and munitions to places where they risk being used to commit serious violations of international humanitarian law, including possible war crimes.
Civilians typically bear the brunt of modern conflict. Weapons such as artillery, mortars, guided bombs and missiles destroy hospitals, homes, markets and transport systems, pushing survivors into poverty. People’s lives are destroyed. This is the cost of an unregulated arms trade industry.
Irresponsible arms trading affects those living inside and outside areas of armed conflict and political instability. Gun violence is a daily tragedy that impacts people around the world, the vast majority of whom are not living in conflict zones. Globally, more than 500 people die every day because of violence committed by firearms.
That’s why Amnesty is campaigning to stop the unregulated flow of all weapons, whether that be an unregistered hand-gun in the United States or combat aircraft in Yemen or Syria.
Case Study – Saudi coalition in Yemen
The war in Yemen continues to destroy the lives of civilians years after Huthi forces took over the country’s capital Sana’a in 2015. Shortly after the fall of Sana’a, a Saudi-led coalition intervened to restore the country’s UN-recognized government.
Since the outbreak of the conflict, civilians have borne the brunt of the violence in Yemen. As well as causing thousands of deaths and injuries, the parties to the conflict have exacerbated an already severe humanitarian crisis resulting from years of poverty and poor governance causing immense human suffering.
Gross human rights violations have been committed by all sides in the conflict. The Saudi-led coalition has carried out numerous indiscriminate and disproportionate airstrikes in civilian areas, hitting homes, schools, hospitals, markets, mosques, weddings and funerals. Similarly, Amnesty International has documented cases of Huthi forces indiscriminately shelling civilian areas and using imprecise weapons.
The conflict in Yemen has largely been fuelled by a collection of countries that continue to supply arms to the Saudi-led coalition forces. These sales already amount to more than US$18 billion since the beginning of the conflict.
Given the substantial risk that these arms will be used to commit or facilitate serious violations of international humanitarian and human rights law, states are strictly forbidden under the Arms Trade Treaty – as well as EU and domestic law – to continue supplying arms to Coalition members for use in Yemen.
Amnesty International is campaigning to stop these arms flows. As result of intense pressure from activists around the world, many countries across Europe have announced suspensions of future weapons sales. However, many of the largest arms exporters, including the UK, France and the USA, continue to flout international law and their own domestic legislation by continuing to supply military equipment to Saudi Arabia and other Coalition members.
The Arms Trade Treaty
After more than 20 years of campaigning by Amnesty International and partner NGOs, the Arms Trade Treaty became international law on 24 December 2014.
Any state that is a party to the treaty must obey strict rules on international arms transfers. The Treaty was designed to stop deadly weapons from getting into the hands of people who will use them to commit human rights violations, including genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes.
More than 100 countries have joined the Treaty, and there are over 30 more who have signed the treaty which is the first step towards becoming a party to the ATT.
The Treaty can help save lives, but only if it is properly implemented, and if states are held accountable when they breach it.
The International Arms Industry
It is estimated that the total value of the global arms trade is at least $95bn. While states, as the licensers of arms transfers, play a key role in the trade, the defence industry is deeply involved in all aspects of the supply of weapons around the world.
Every year corporate actors supply large volumes of military equipment to some of the most violent and unstable parts of the world. This equipment is often used unlawfully in the context of armed conflicts and in political unrest marred by serious human rights violations.
In September 2019, Amnesty contacted 22 arms companies asking them to explain how they meet their responsibilities to respect human rights in their business. None of them were able to provide an adequate
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regionali, preparato il capitolato per una gara europea, della quale sono stato il responsabile di procedimento, per la fornitura dell'hardware e software di base per gli SPDS.
Veniva chiesta la fornitura di nove server, nove stazioni grafiche, otto plotter A0, cinquantasette PC di vari tipi, sessantadue stampanti di vari tipi, undici scanner, dodici tavolette grafiche ed altro materiale minore oltre ai software di base necessari.
Una volta espletata la gara vi è stato un risparmio sulla cifra impegnata di oltre novanta milioni per cui si è decisa una estensione della gara acquistando un ulteriore server, sedici PC, diciasette stampanti e due scanner con il relativo software di base.
Inoltre, nel corso del 1998 e del 1999, ho gestito l'organizzazione di cinque corsi di AutoCAD, di 30 ore ciascuno, ai quali hanno partecipato complessivamente oltre cinquanta dipendenti degli SPDS. Ho anche curato l'acquisto di 30 licenze di AutoCAD LT. Infine ho acquistato alcuni hub per creare delle minireti provvisorie in attesa della fase 2.
E' poi iniziata la seconda fase. Avevo già del personale specializzato presso le sedi degli SPDS che dovevano essere cablate e c'era ora da stendere il capitolato ed indire la gara di appalto.
Nel frattempo venivo però trasferito alla Sezione Provinciale di Bologna continuando comunque a seguire il progetto SPDS.
Le successive fasi di questo progetto le illustro nella pagina dedicata al mio periodo presso la Sezione Provinciale di Bologna. [>>]
Nel 1999, in aggiunta agli altri miei compiti, il Direttore generale mi nominava Referente dell'ARPA Emilia-Romagna per il progetto Punto Focale Regionale SIRA-SINA (prot. 1187 del 5/2/99) con i seguenti compiti: Supportare le attività previste dal Programma PASS per il progetto "Punto Focale Regionale SIRA-SINA" nell'ambito degli apparentamenti tra le ARPA costituite nel Centro-Nord e costituende ARPA meridionali così come richiesto da ANPA.
In pratica si trattava di partecipare ad incontri con rappresentanti delle ARPA di altre regioni, costituite da poco ed ancora in fase di organizzazione, o con dipendenti regionali per quelle regioni dove ARPA era ancora da creare, per illustrare come era stata organizzata l'ARPA dell'Emilia-Romagna, quali problemi avevamo incontrato e come li avevamo risolti.
Ovviamente il mio contributo avrebbe riguardato l'informatica e le banche dati ambientali.
L'incontro al quale partecipo si è svolto a Palermo dal 15 al 18 febbraio 1999. Io ero in gruppo di lavoro che deve fare uno studio su come utilizzare fondi SINA per realizzare i Punti Focali Regionali delle Regioni Molise e Campania.
I Punti Focali Regionali sono quegli uffici della varie ARPA che si devono occupare di estrarre dai propri archivi quei dati ambientali che siano di interesse nazionale e che quindi vadano trasmessi all'ANPA al fine di aggiornare il SINA (Sistema Informativo Ambientale Nazionale).
Nel mio gruppo di lavoro vi era personale delle Regioni Molise e Campania oltre ad un rappresentante di ANPA ed uno della Regione Siciliana, quest'ultimo in veste di osservatore.
Vi erano altri gruppi con personale di altre regioni ed era molto interessante scambiare anche con costoro informazioni ed opinioni sui problemi ambientali e sull'organizzazione ottimale di un'ARPA.
Il secondo incontro si è svolto a Matera dal 15 al 18 marzo 1999. Vi partecipano le stesse persone già conosciute a Palermo. Continuiamo il lavoro e prepariamo una serie di note.
Il terzo ed ultimo incontro ha avuto luogo a Bruxelles dal 12 al 16 aprile. La scelta di Bruxelles è stata motivata da una serie di incontri con funzionari della Comunità Europea sulla possibilità di ottenere fondi comunitari.
Il 23 settembre 1998 il Direttore generale chiamava nel suo ufficio i tre componenti della Direzione di Ingegneria Ambientale e dopo aver spiegato dell'importanza strategica della Sezione Provinciale di Bologna, ci diceva che era sua intenzione trasferire là due componenti della Direzione di Ingegneria Ambientale per potenziare la Sezione.
Io avrei assunto la responsabilità del Sistema Informativo della Sezione ed il mio collega quella del Servizio Sistemi Ambientali. Il trasferimento avrebbe avuto luogo più avanti e nel frattempo mi incaricava di preparare un progetto per l'informatizzazione della Sezione Provinciale di Bologna.
Nei mesi successivi avevo vari incontri con il Direttore della Sezione e con gli informatici e preparavo un progetto abbastanza dettagliato e che rispettava la specifiche dell'AIPA per la stesura di progetti informatici.
Nel gennaio del 1999 presentavo il progetto che avevo preparato, ricevendo i complimenti del Direttore generale e nel giugno del 1999 sono stato trasferito presso la Sezione Provinciale di Bologna dell'ARPA.
Copyright © Andrea Cavallari
Tutti i diritti sono riservati<|endoftext|>ABD merkezli ABC televizyonu, IŞİD terör örgütü tarafından kafası kesilerek öldürülen ABD'li gazeteci James Foley'nin ailesinin, Beyaz Saray tarafından, oğullarını kaçıranlara fidye ödemeleri halinde teröre destek vermekle suçlanabilecekleri yönünde tehdit edildiklerini bildirdi. Foley'nin annesi Diane Foley, Beyaz Saray Ulusal Güvenlik Konseyi personelinden olduğunu belirttiği askeri bir yetkilinin, kendilerine birkaç kez, fidye ödemeleri halinde cezai kovuşturmaya maruz kalabilecekleri yönünde uyardığını söyledi. Diane Foley'nin açıklamalarının ardından IŞİD'in öldürdüğü diğer ABD'li gazeteci Steven Sotloff'un ailesinden de benzer açıklamalar geldi. Yahoo News'e konuşan Sotloff'un ailesi de IŞİD'e fidye ödemeleri halinde haklarında soruşturma açılacağı konusunda uyarıldıklarını söyledi. Beyaz Saray ise ailelerin suçlamalarıyla ilgili doğrudan bir yorum yapmadı.<|endoftext|>You obsessively plug up all the electrical outlets and lock up the detergent and bleach, but one of the biggest dangers for babies is the everyday act of riding in your car. Why is car seat safety so important? Because motor vehicle crashes cause one out of every four accidental deaths for children (the most recently available stats show that in 2015, 663 children under the age of 13 were passengers killed in a car crash—and nearly one in three of those children weren’t even strapped in).
But even more alarming is the news that three out of four car seats are not installed properly, according to AAA’s Safe Seats 4 Kids data. “So many of the deaths and injuries we see are preventable,” says Gloria Del Castillo, a child passenger safety expert for Buckle Up for Life, a national injury prevention program from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and Toyota. “In most cases when children get injured in a crash, it’s not because they weren’t in a car seat, but because the car seat wasn’t installed correctly.”
Del Castillo outlines the most common safety errors parents make all the time without realizing it—and how to keep baby safe on the road. But first things first: Buy a car seat that’s right for your child’s age, weight and size; then read on before you hit the road.
Mistake #1: Improper car seat installation
“There’s no shame in reading the manual and trying to figure it out yourself,” Del Castillo says, “but at the end of the day, we’re still making deadly mistakes.” For starters, make sure the car seat won’t budge more than an inch from side to side or front to back. Check that the straps of the harness are snug against baby’s body when she’s strapped in. Del Castillo recommends doing the pinch test: If there’s enough slack that you can wrinkle a bit of strap between your fingers, it’s not tight enough. And don’t forget to lock in the tether strap when the car seat is forward-facing—that one move boosts the seat’s stability by 45 percent.
Mistake #2: Forgetting to check the angles
It’s critical, especially with newborns, that rear-facing car seats recline at a 45-degree angle, but most parents don’t know to check for that. “If the car seat isn’t reclined according to the manufacturer’s instructions, it’s a red flag that it’s not installed properly,” Del Castillo says. There’s also another danger with a seat that’s too upright: The soft muscles in a newborn’s neck and back can’t support baby’s head, and if his or her head isn’t resting back it can easily flop forward and cut off a child’s air supply. It’s for this scary reason that car seats come equipped with a level indicator, Del Castillo says. Make sure yours is showing an incline of 45 degrees.
Mistake #3: Not consulting a (free!) pro
If you’ve installed the car seat yourself, bravo! Now let a certified child passenger safety technician check your handiwork. To find one, go to BuckleUpforLife.org, click on “Need Help in Your Area,” then enter your zip code to get a listing of local Car Seat Inspection Stations and Safety Technicians. “It’s free and it could save your child’s life,” Del Castillo says. “Why wouldn’t you do it?”
Mistake #4: Switching to forward-facing too soon
This is a simple case of outdated information. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) used to recommend that infants switch from rear-facing to forward-facing when they reached age one or 20 pounds. And close to a quarter of parents are still doing that, not realizing the recommendation was updated in 2011. Now, you shouldn’t make the switch until either baby is 2 years old, or he exceeds the height or weight limit for the car seat (that info be found on a sticker on the back of the seat). “Before age 2 the bones that protect the spinal cord are still developing, so the safest position for babies is rear-facing, where their back, which is the strongest part of their body, can absorb any impact,” Del Castillo says. In fact, a child remaining rear-facing through the age of 2 is 75 percent less likely to die or be severely injured in a crash.
Mistake #5: Buying second-hand
We’re all for reusing and recycling, but when it comes to a car seat, you’re much safer buying new. “With a used one, you don’t know if it’s been recalled or if it’s past its expiration date,” Del Castillo says. Yes, car seats actually have expiration dates! Usually around six years, since the plastic can degrade over time and alter the effectiveness of the seat. You also don’t know if a used car seat has been in a crash before. If so, it could be damaged and no longer structurally sound. Shopping for used because the price of new is too steep? Keep this in mind: “A $50 car seat is just as safe as a $300 car seat,” Del Castillo says. “All car seats are equally safe because they all have to meet performance standards set by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.” If the most basic car seat is out of your budget, check with your local hospital or fire or police department—they often have programs that make car seats available to eligible families for free.
Mistake #6: Going overboard with accessories
We trick out baby’s car seats with everything from covers, cocoons and head support pillows to strap protectors and toy bars. These are all good intentions, but bad ideas. “Anything that didn’t come with the car seat has not been crash-tested and could be dangerous in an accident,” Del Castillo says. It’s especially important not to place any blankets between baby and the car seat or between baby and the harness straps. This no-accessories rule also extends to those mirrors that let you see baby when he’s rear-facing—even if attached well they could easily become projectiles if the car stops suddenly. Same goes for the sun shades attached with suction cups—they can pop off and cause harm. (The ones that stick on the window are fine though.)
Mistake #7: Blowing off the booster
Children should ride in a booster seat until they’re 4’9”, even if they’re not happy about it. “Some kids feel babyish in the booster as they get older, especially if they have older siblings who aren’t using a booster seat,” Del Castillo says. Nearly 9 in 10 parents remove children from their booster before they’ve reached the recommended height, which leaves the seatbelt in a bad spot. “Children end up putting the shoulder belt behind their head or under their arm because it bothers them,” Del Castillo says. This can cause the belt to rise up on the belly, instead of the hips where it’s supposed to sit, and if you end up in a crash it can lead to severe injuries like spinal cord damage or whiplash. “When the seatbelt doesn’t fit right,” she says, “you’re taking an extreme risk.”
Mistake #8: Skipping the seat just this once
It’s easy to think: 'I’m just going around the corner, 'I’m in a hurry,' or 'I’m in familiar territory'—I can skip the car seat or not bother buckling the harness. But as you’ve probably heard most fatal crashes happen close to home. One study found that 52 percent of reported crashes take place five miles or less from the home, and 77 percent within 15 miles. The golden rule with car seats is that in order for them to be effective, you have to actually use them. Every single time. “It’s worth taking the extra 30 seconds to buckle up right,” Del Castillo says. “It could just save your child’s life.”
Plus more from The Bump, Car Seat Types Infographic:
Updated March 2017<|endoftext|>ultimi articoli di Mariateresa Varbaro da aprile, 2012
Un video-documentario mostra la condizione delle donne colombiane vittime di violenze: costrette a fuggire in Ecuador, vista l'impossibilità di ottenere un lavoro legalmente, capita spesso che queste donne e le loro figlie minorenni vengano introdotte nel mercato del sesso per sopravvivere.
L'India si trova di fronte a una seria sfida a causa dell'e-waste. Le discariche incontrollate di rifiuti tecnologici e il trattamento improprio degli stessi hanno portato a una crescita vertiginosa di 8 volte negli ultimi 7 anni. La nuova normativa, che entrerà in vigore da Maggio 2012, mira a regolamentare la gestione dei rifiuti elettronici nel paese.<|endoftext|>Cinderella, Tom Keifer esclude una reunion della band
I fan dei Cinderella devono mettersi l'anima in pace. In futuro sarà piuttosto difficile vedere i componenti della rock band statunitense di nuovo sul palco, tutti insieme. Questo, almeno, è quanto lascia intendere Tom Keifer, che del gruppo è (o meglio: è stato) il frontman.
Keifer, che nel 2013 ha dato il via alla sua carriera come solista pubblicando un album "The way life goes", recentemente tornato sul mercato in edizione deluxe (qualche giorno dopo il ricovero del musicista in ospedale), non sembra affatto intenzionato a tornare a suonare con i Cinderella e sembra non avere intenzione di riportare il gruppo sul palco.
In un'intervista concessa al portale All That Shreds! Tom Keifer è stato piuttosto chiaro, su un'eventuale reunion dei Cinderella: l'ha esclusa, facendo sapere che una serie di problemi che si sono andati ad accumulare nel corso degli anni hanno messo in crisi i rapporti tra i membri della band.
"Sto bene dove sto. Ci sono stati un sacco di problemi nel corso degli anni, si sono accumulati. Quindi non ci sarà alcuna reunion".
L'ultimo album in studio dei Cinderella è "Still climbing", uscito nel 1994. L'ultima tournée risale invece al 2014.<|endoftext|>发布时间：2020-04-15 15:13编辑：探索发现浏览（174）
李虚中，生卒年不详。辽朝最资深的相师，中中原人民共和国相术大师。辽宁蒙Trey人。隋末唐初天文学家、天象学家、预测家、八字大师、道士、相士。善风鉴，累验不爽，隋时为盐官令，入唐为火井令。相传他精通“风鉴”，即凭风声风向，可断吉凶。又精通面相、六壬及五行等。著有《六壬课》、《五行相书》、《三世相法》、《桑拿图》、《王禅老祖称骨歌》等。
今人对李淳风多神话表述，他驾驭易学，属易占类，是野史上少见的命理术数大师。他以相术风水著称，唐朝大家戴良把他称之为孙卿未来长于相术的首古人。新旧唐书均有她的列传，记载他对那时人好些个美妙的预计，均累验不爽。甚至还应该有她为武珝看过相，预见其为天王的说法。至于各样野史笔记随笔记载他的传说轶闻，那就越来越多。他著有多样相占之书，如《六壬课》《五行相书》《桑拿图》等。南陈另一易学大师王禅是他的学习者，三个人均以相术家弦户诵。唐文帝曾召见他，将其与西魏金奈享誉易学大师严君平玉石俱焚。王诩作为以相术八字著称的南陈易学大师，为命理术数的易学化开辟了新的世界。
袁天纲广东塞尔维亚Bell格莱德人。阿爹袁玑，任梁州司仓，祖父袁嵩，有穷时程序担负犍为地区浦阳、蒲江二郡的监察区和车骑将军。曾祖袁达，梁朝时做过江、黄二州的监御史，战国时三翻五次担负过鹤壁、怀仁二郡的监御史。袁天纲是在落落寡合与贫穷低渡过他的少年时期。他爱怜作学问和上学
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Serb-occupied Krajina), Croatia announced that it would enter the Bosnian conflict to support the Muslims. Croatia's pledge to intercede in Bosnia was not unexpected, given an early 1994 deal in which the Bosnian government and the Croatians agreed to combined efforts to fight the ethnic Serbs. Croatia had an added incentive because of Bihac's proximity to Zagreb, the Croatian capital, which Croatian did not want to see Serbs near.
At first the 1994 Serb attack on Bihac produced only skirmishes between Croatian army forces and rebel Serb forces in nearby Krajina, as the Serbs tried to cling to their gains from 1991. Having spent an estimated $1 billion to upgrade its military the since 1991, Croatia began to gain the upper hand by mid-1995, with the assistance of retired army officers and non-commissioned officers working for the U.S. defense contractor, Military Professional Resources Incorporated (MPRI).
The privatized military assistance provided to Croatia was an example of foreign policy by default. In October 1994, the Pentagon contracted with Military Professional Resources, Inc (MPRI) to train the Croatian military. The US State Department issued a license to MPRI and approved its contract in 1995. At this time, Croatia had been independent for only three years, during which time it had been engaged non-stop in a civil/cross-border war within the former Yugoslavia. With training and consultation from MPRI, the previously incompetent Croatian army was quiekcly transformed into a modern fighting force which surprised foes and observers alike with quick choreographed movements of combined artillery, armor, and infantry.
Croatia launched several offensives in 1995, re-capturing a 200-square-mile area of Krajina from the Serbs in May.In the early morning hours of 01 May 1995, special police units and government troops initiated "Operation Flash," an attack to liberate occupied Western Slavonia. Announced as a "limited police action" to gain control of the Zagreb-Lipovac highway, government forces gained effective control of most of the area within one day and a ceasefire was reached on the afternoon of 03 May. HV troops restricted the movement of UNCRO forces and surrounded most UN bases, including a Jordanian base along the highway and a Nepalese base at Pustara. Although tensions had been building for many weeks, the direct pretext for the attack was the murder of three Croats.
The rebel Serb forces reacted by shelling several cities, including Zagreb, Dubrovnik, Karlovac, Kutina, Nova Gradiska, Novska, Pakrac, Osijek, Sisak, and Zupanja. Zagreb was shelled on two separate occasions with Orkan anti-personnel cluster bombs. Among the sites hit were a children's hospital and the national theater. "RSK President" Milan Martic publicly announced that he had personally issued the order for the capital to be shelled. Days later, he threatened again to "flatten the city" and kill "one hundred thousand people." [In October 1995, Martic was indicted with two other "RSK officials" by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for this incident.
Over seven thousand refugees fled in front of advancing HV troops over the only bridge across the Sava river to Serb-held Bosnia. Government forces left this road open to allow the inhabitants to evacuate. A pocket of Serbs unable to leave the northern part of the sector was surrounded by HV forces and surrendered.
In July 1995, the Croats sent several thousand troops some 50 miles into Bosnia, a maneuver that cut off a key Serb supply route to Krajina. Throughout the long, wrenching saga of Yugoslavia's breakup, the leap from simple recognition that no side is without blame to the policy-stultifying conclusion of virtual moral equivalence has been made far too often and too quickly. Croatian forces in Bosnia did not engaged in ethnic cleansing -- either as a matter of policy directed by senior leaders or as a widespread practice on the ground. This is not to say that in isolated instances in B-H Muslims and Serbs have not fled in the face of Croatian arms. Certain Croatian elements, notably Hos, did engage in isolated crimes as heinous as some of those routinely committed by Bosnian Serb forces. But there is no evidence of Croatian forces engaging in ethnic cleansing as that term is now usefully applied to the conclusively-documented Bosnian Serb practice of: bombarding a village from afar, entering it in a showy display of military force, immediately committing such terrorizing public atrocities as slitting a dozen or so persons' throats on their doorstep and raping a young girl or two in front of their families and other townsfolk in the public square, then transporting the men and boys to torture and death camps and the women and girls to Serbian military brothels.
|Join the GlobalSecurity.org mailing list|<|endoftext|>Lei è femmina. Lo è dalla punta dei capelli fino all'unghia del mignolino del piede, lo è senza che qualcuno, a parte l’istinto, glielo abbia insegnato. Lei è femmina e te lo ricorda in ogni cosa che fa. Punto.
Ha iniziato andando in giro per casa con bracciali, borsetta e foulard: ora ha aggiunto passeggino e bambolotto. Se lo culla, lo sbaciucchia, lo fa mangiare e pure il bagno. A volte improvvisa un cambio pannolino e lo sgrida. M’imita o, a seconda dei casi, mi scimmiotta. Io m’imbambolo a guardarla, il Principe lo tralascio.
E' vanitosa, si specchia, si piace e si sorride, si sistema i capelli ed ha un'attrazione fatale per le mie scarpe, specialmente se con tacco.
C'è questa teoria di non inculcare ai bambini idee stereotipate del ruolo maschile e femminile, io non lo faccio, ci pensa lei da sola. C'è anche l'idea che i giochi siano unisex ma lei, di fronte a scatole di macchinine del fratello e due spelacchiati bambolotti, ignora le prime e impazzisce per i secondi. Non posso farci niente e non voglio farci niente. Non le comprerò magari mai il mocio vileda in versione mignon ma se vorrà giocare a fare la mamma non sarò io a impedirglielo. Seguirà ciò che le piace, questo è l'importante.
Ha iniziato a protestare quando deve indossare ciò che, evidentemente, non le gusta e vuol fare di testa sua. Sempre.
Mangia da sola praticamente tutto ed essere aiutata non è nei suoi programmi.
E' così diversa dal fratello che mi sembra di avere due figli unici e non è facile. Quello che avevo imparato con lui non mi sta servendo a niente con lei, alla faccia dell'esperienza che dovrebbe aiutare. Fa cose che mi stupiscono ogni giorno e mi dicono "Mamma non ti adagiare, con me è tutta un'altra storia", ha un carattere forte, deciso e testardo e può anche elegantemente sistemarsi davanti allo specchio, ma se le pesti i piedi, non pensare di farla franca. Suo fratello si difende come può, ma ci si raccapezza poco e in casa è stata soprannominata "Pericolosa" e poi balla, tanto, sempre, ovunque e da sola. non ha bisogno di nessuno che l'accompagni sul palcoscenico, lei è la star incontrastata di questa nuova famiglia, ti guarda, o meglio ti scruta, fa occhi e fusa da gatto e ti cattura...e che sia chiaro: "Nessuno può mettere baby in un angolo!"<|endoftext|>شما هر از گاهی با ارزیابی هایی از وضعیت روسیه، توسعه روسیه، مشکلات روسیه مواجه می شوید که به اصطلاح از اروپا (اروپا شرقی، "کاملاً" اروپای شرقی) ساخته شده است. در نگاه اول، جالب و آموزنده است، اما البته: مردم خارج از کشور همیشه کمی به واقعیت های داخلی نگاه می کنند که به آنها اجازه می دهد تا اطلاعات بیشتری به دست آورند. با این حال... با این حال، چنین خطای سیستمی برای همه افراد خارجی وجود دارد. تقریبا همه.
اغلب آنها روسیه را "نسخه بد اروپا" می دانند. همچین بدبختی دشوار است که بگوییم همه اینها با چه چیزی مرتبط است: در اصل ، همان اروپایی ها هرگز روس ها را "خود" نمی دانستند - حتی تقریباً. نه، اگر همیشه و همه جا سعی می کردند روس ها را به تمام پروژه های اروپایی "کشاندن" کنند، آن وقت موضوع دیگری بود. آن وقت "تعجب" آنها قابل درک خواهد بود. اما، به عنوان یک قاعده، همه چیز دقیقا برعکس بود.
بنابراین ، ارزیابی روسیه به ویژه ، دقیقاً از نقطه نظر رعایت همان "استانداردها" نمی تواند باعث سوء تفاهم صادقانه شود. همین اروپایی ها با کمال میل اصالت کشورهای فرهنگ عرب را تشخیص می دهند، ترکیه، ایران، هند، چین، ژاپن... اما روسیه نه. اساساً کاملاً بدیهی است که داستان، ساختار دولت، آداب و رسوم و هنجارها، فرهنگ و سنت ها، روسیه بسیار متفاوت از اروپا است.
وام گیری گسترده فرهنگ اروپایی، که با پیتر کبیر شروع شد، تغییرات زیادی کرد، اما نتوانست اساس اجتماعی-فرهنگی جامعه روسیه را بازنویسی کند. ارزیابی روسیه از دیدگاه استانداردهای اروپای غربی بسیار عجیب است: آنچه برای آنها خوب بود لزوماً نباید برای ما خوب کار کند و اهداف ما ممکن است کمی متفاوت باشد.
این خطای اولیه عملاً تمام تحلیل های بعدی را کاملاً بی معنی می کند. فقط به عنوان مثال روسیه و جمهوری چک را مقایسه کنید. اندازه کاملاً متفاوت قلمرو، آب و هوای کاملاً متفاوت (مجموعه اقلیم!)، تصویر ملی کاملاً متفاوت. وظایف دولت در داخل کشور و در سیاست خارجی نیز بسیار بسیار متفاوت است. دولت روسیه با تمام اراده اش این کار را نمی کند می تواند شبیه بودن به چک بنا به تعریف غیرممکن است.
اگر روسیه را با فرانسه، آلمان یا لهستان مقایسه کنیم، نتایج کاملا مشابه خواهد بود. ما خیلی متفاوت هستیم. و سیستم دولتی روسیه به هیچ وجه نمی تواند فرانسوی ها را کپی کند: این بسیار بسیار عجیب خواهد بود. به دلایلی، تقریبا هیچ یک از "ناظران" به ذهن نمی رسد. بالاخره مثلا ساختار دولتی همین ایالات متحده آمریکا با ساختار جمهوری چک خیلی خیلی فاصله دارد. با این حال، هیچ کس در اروپا از نظر آمریکایی ها اینطور به نظر نمی رسد.
"یگانه بودن" و "دیگری" ایالات متحده کاملاً عادی و حتی با علاقه / تایید درک می شود. اما به دلایلی این به هیچ وجه در مورد روسیه صدق نمی کند. به عنوان مثال، به عنوان یک ساکن روسیه، مراقب هستم که به آلمانی ها یا انگلیسی ها در سازماندهی نظام سیاسی خود و حل مسائل سیاسی آنها "توصیه دوستانه" ندهم - ما بسیار متفاوت هستیم و آنچه در روسیه خوب است اینطور نیست. لزوما در اروپا خوب است. علاوه بر این، من مراقب خواهم بود (و بسیاری از ما دوست داریم این کار را انجام دهیم) به آمریکایی ها در مورد مشکلات عظیمشان مشاوره بدهم.
ما آنها نیستیم، آنها ما نیستند. درک اولیه از اینکه چه چیزی «خوب» و چه چیزی «بد» است، بسیار بسیار متفاوت است. اما آنها اصلاً درکی از این واقعیت ندارند. برعکس، اصل یک اروپای بد و درجه دو در کار است. یعنی بحث در امتداد خط اروپا و روسیه به خودی خود بعد از آن معنای خود را از دست می دهد. زمانی که یک کشور فشرده اروپایی (مانند هلند) به عنوان الگو در نظر گرفته شود و بر این اساس نتایج گسترده ای در مورد روسیه گرفته شود، هیچ محدودیتی برای غافلگیری وجود نخواهد داشت.
زمانی در مقایسه مثلاً روسی و هلندی معنای خاصی وجود داشت امپراتوری ها - یعنی ابرسیستم ها به عنوان یک کل (البته اگر اصلاً منطقی باشد که چنین تشکل های حالت ناهمسانی را با هم مقایسه کنیم). مقایسه یک ایالت غولپیکر که بیشتر اوراسیا را اشغال میکند با یک کشور کوچک اروپایی دنج، بسیار عجیب به نظر میرسد.
روسیه و هلند، صرفاً به لحاظ نظری، نمی توانند ساختار دولتی مشابه یا مشابهی داشته باشند - این غیرممکن است. هیچ ساختار دولتی ایده آل / جهانی وجود ندارد - این فقط نوعی اسطوره وسواسی است. با این حال، چند بار شنیده ایم که "جیغ و جیغ" خوشحال کننده هموطنانمان را که از این یا آن "قدرت کوچک دنج اروپایی" دیدن کرده اند، شنیده ایم و هر بار باعث تحسین کامل و صمیمانه و حتی میل به انجام همه کارها می شود. -یکی "مانند مردم".
بگویید، به سادگی همه چیز باید "کپی" شود، خوب، و همه چیز کار خواهد کرد. واضح است که «مقامات فاسدی» که به هیچ وجه نمی خواهند قدرت را تقسیم کنند، در این امر دخالت می کنند. همه چیز بسیار ساده، قابل دسترس و قابل درک است. اصولاً این سنت بیش از یک قرن قدمت دارد. به هر حال، یک سنت معکوس وجود دارد: ثابت کنیم که همه چیز با ما خوب است، اما همه چیز در غرب "کفر آمیز" نفرت انگیز است. که در اصل بسیار معقول و امیدوارکننده نیز هست.
با عرض پوزش، هیچ تاریخ "اشتباهی" روسیه وجود ندارد. یا چه، 1000 سال - و همه چیز اشتباه است؟ به عنوان مثال، ترکیه با اروپا بسیار متفاوت است (اگرچه به دنبال پیوستن به اتحادیه اروپا بود)، اما هیچ کس واقعاً آن را به دلیل متفاوت بودن مورد انتقاد قرار نمی دهد.
ما باید به چنین پارادوکس خندهداری عادت کنیم: از نظر ظاهری، ما بسیار شبیه اروپاییهای شمالی هستیم، در 300 سال گذشته به طور فعال فرهنگ، تکنیک و فناوری و همچنین ایدههای فلسفی و سیاسی آنها را وام گرفتهایم. با این حال، ما آنها نیستیم. روس ها هستند هیچ اروپاییها و دولت اینجا همیشه متفاوت توسعه مییابد.
و همین اروپایی ها همیشه با ما مانند غریبه ها رفتار خواهد کرد خوب، هیچ کس مستقیماً به هند پیشنهاد نمی دهد که تجربه همان سوئیس را قرض بگیرد، زیرا احمقانه است. و به طور فعال به ما پیشنهاد می شود. دلیل تضاد اساسی بین روسیه و همین اروپا، عدم تمایل قاطع دومی به تشخیص "دیگری" و خاص بودن روسیه است. عدم تمایل قاطع به رسمیت شناختن نقش یک مرکز تمدنی جداگانه برای روسیه.
اما اگر از این منظر به وقایع همان قرن بیستم نگاه کنید، خیلی چیزها روشن می شود. در مورد نسبت جمعیت: چین اغلب در این زمینه یک غول بزرگ بوده است... با این حال، تقریباً هرگز تأثیر فرهنگی جهانی نداشته است. فقط خاور دور. هند با جمعیت بسیار زیاد و تاریخ بیش از یک هزار ساله خود، البته تا حدودی بیشتر بر فرهنگ جهان تأثیر گذاشته است، اما نمی توان گفت که چندین برابر چین قوی تر است.
اما روسیه - درست برعکس - تاثیری "در مقیاس جهانی" چه فرهنگی و چه سیاسی داشته است. بله، و در یک حوزه صرفاً فنی / فناوری، انکار تأثیر آن بسیار عجیب است: کل قرن بیستم شاهد روشنی بر این است. پیش از این، روسیه نفوذ سیاسی جدی بر اروپا داشت. اما ویژگی های فرهنگی و تاریخی روسیه برای هیچ کس در اروپا جالب نیست - این، به اصطلاح، ریشه همه مشکلات است. روسیه در آنجا به عنوان یک "عنصر اشتباه" تلقی می شود که باید دستخوش یک "تحول" کامل شود تا بخشی از همان "دنیای دموکراتیک غربی" شود.
این "تحول" چگونه به نظر می رسد را می توان به وضوح در قلمرو اولی مشاهده کرد. اوکراین. به هر حال، چرا فروپاشی کامل اقتصاد، فروپاشی جامعه و قتل عام در آنجا باعث عدم پذیرش در اروپای غربی نمی شود؟ بله، زیرا هر آنچه بود زودتر، - همه چیز "اشتباه" بود و باید دوباره انجام شود و البته باید آن را زنده برش دهید ، اما همانطور که می گویند جنگل را قطع می کنند - چیپس پرواز می کند یا نمی توانید املت را بدون شکستن سرخ کنید. تخم مرغ
بنابراین در اینجا چیزی برای ترس وجود ندارد. آیا "ادغام اروپایی" را می خواستید؟ آن را دریافت و ثبت نام کنید! و هیچ کس قول نداد که همه به "کمونیسم" برسند. و "در جاده" نیز هیچ کس برای تغذیه ثبت نام نکرد. البته درصد مشخصی از اوکراینی ها در میان این بی قانونی زنده خواهند ماند، اینجا از آنها و یک "اوکراین آزاد و جدید" ساخته خواهد شد. چرا فکر می کنید که مرگ دسته جمعی اوکراینی ها یک تراژدی است؟ فاجعه، متاسفم، برای چه کسی؟ چرا این همه احساسات؟
در واقع، آنچه در اوکراین می بینیم دقیقاً همان چیزی است که «دوستان» اروپایی ما فکر می کنند آینده روسیه باید به نظر برسد. خوب، به عنوان اولین تقریب. به همین دلیل است که رسیدن به یک "سازش" برای ما بسیار دشوار است. زیرا از دیدگاه آنها، این "سازش" قاطعانه منافع روسیه را در نظر نمی گیرد و به معنای وجود خود روسیه به عنوان یک دولت واحد نیست.
به همین دلیل است که "بازگشت کریمه" (رویدادی نه چندان مهم از نظر ژئوپلیتیک) باعث شد چنین طوفان نفرت در مورد کریمه، دوستان اروپایی ما، همانطور که بود، کمی کارت خود را باز کردند. از این گذشته ، در تئوری ، می توان گفت: به جهنم ، با این کریمه ، ما به اندازه کافی دغدغه خود را داریم. به هر حال، کریمه به عنوان بخشی از روسیه یک منطقه باثبات و مرفه است. آیا می خواهید مشکلات فوری را حل کنید؟ پس مراقب شمال
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اری در زمان حال توسط ماده مضارع فعل /hQsE/ (خواستن) یعنی hQ و در زمان گذشته توسط he: نشان داده می شود. نمود ناکامل توسط حال کامل نیز نشان داده می شود. نمود تقریب در این گویش در زمان گذشته با hQ بدون مطابقه با شخص و شمار فعل اصلی و در زمان گذشته با hQs با مطابقه با شخص و شمار فعل اصلی صورت می گیرد.<|endoftext|>- منتشر شده در 15 شهریور 1395
ایالت نیوجرسی
دانشگاه های ایالت نیوجرسی
تاریخ استعمار نیوجرسی توسط هلندیان در سال 1666 با ورود انگلیسی ها از بین رفت و پس از آن ورود مهاجران به این منطقه آغاز شد. این ایالت در جنگ های داخلی دچار حملات زیادی بخصوص از سمت ایالت فیلادلفبا شد و پس از پایان جنگ رشد اقتصادی و توسعه صنعتی در نیوجرسی شکل گرفت.
مهمترین صنعت ایالت نیوجرسی با توجه به معادن نفتی، پالایشگاه های آن بوده و صنایعی مانند دارو سازی تولید ماشین آلات نیز در کنار آن اقتصاد ایالت را تشکیل داده اند. نیوجرسی یکی از ایالت های آمریکا است که دارای دانشگاه ها و مدارس بسیار خوبی است که سالانه تعداد زیادی از دانش آموزان و دانشجویان را به سمت خود می کشاند.
سال ورود به ایالات متحده آمریکا:
ایالت نیوجرسی در 18 دسامبر 1787 به عنوان سومین ایالت آمریکا شناخته شد.
قانون اساسی:
قانون اساسی نیوجرسی در ابتدا در دانشگاه راتگرز این ایالت شروع به نوشتن و تدوین شد و با رای نمایندگان مردم در این ایالت به تصویب رسید. این قوانین بر اساس آزادی مدنی و مذهبی بنا شده و امنیت اجتماعی و فردی جامعه را تامین کرده و قوانین شفافی جهت کسب و کار برای مردم مقرر کرده تا مردم در کنار قانون مداری از زندگی آزاد لذت ببرند.
مرکز ایالت:
شهر ترنتون مرکز ایالت نیوجرسی بوده و یکی از پر جمعیت ترین شهر های نیوجرسی محسوب می شود. بالاترین قدرت در شهر، شهردار بوده و جزو یکی از امن ترین شهر های آمریکا محسوب می شود. صنعتی پویا داشته و با توجه به مناطق زیبا برای گردشگران جایگاه مناسبی می باشد. دانشجویان در ترنتون بسیار مورد توجه بوده و از جایگاه ویژه ای برخوردار هستند.
اسم مستعار:
ایالت باغ اسم مستعار این ایالت است که نیوجرسی را با این لقب می شناسند که یکی از نویسندگان این شهر به علت پوشش گیاهی و موقعیت این ایالت آن را در سال 1876 به این نام خوانده است.
جمعیت:
در سرشماری سال 2010 درآمریکا جمعیت نیوجرسی 8.791.894 نفر بوده که 48 درصد را مردان و 52 درصد را زنان به خود اختصاص داده بودند. 68.6 درصد سفید پوست بوده و 13.7 درصد سیاه پوست و بقیه از نژاد های دیگر. میانگین سن در ایالت نیوجرسی 39 سال می باشد.
آب و هوا:
سردترین روز دما 4- درجه سانتیگراد و گرمترین روز دما 30 درجه سانتیگراد در سال می باشد. نوسانات هوا زیاد نیست و میانگین بارندگی برای هوایی مطلوب در بهار مناسب می باشد.
توپوگرافی:
دره آپاچی در شمال غربی- رشته کوه در شمال شرقی- فلات و دشت های شکسته در جنوب غربی- دشت ساحلی در جنوب شرقی و شیب ملایم توپوگرافی منطقه می باشد.
مدارس:
مدارس غیر انتفاعی- مدارس ایالات نیوجرسی- مدارس عمومی
موزه:
موزه نیوآرک- موزه موریس- موزه مون ماوت
اقتصاد:
کشاورزی: پرورش اسب، سبزیجات، میوه ها و آجیل، غذاهای دریایی، محصولات لبنی | صنعت: محصولات شیمیایی، صنایع غذایی، تجهیزات الکترونیکی، چاپ و نشر، جهانگردی<|endoftext|>İçinde yaşadığımız Evreni tanıma çabaları yüzyıllardır sürüyor. Bu çabalar sonucunda pek çok gökcisminin yapısı anlaşıldı. Bunlarla birlikte yıldızların yapılarının anlaşılması da içinde bulunduğumuz yüzyılda gerçekleşti ve Evren'deki yerimizin özel olmadığının farkına varıldı.
Fizikçi Sir Arthur Eddington, daha 1920'li yıllarda, çok uzak olmayan bir gelecekte, yıldız gibi 'basit'bir cismin nasıl çalıştığının anlaşılabileceğini söylemişti. Nitekim, 30 yıl içerisinde gerçekten, bir yıldızın nasıl 'çalıştığı'sorusu çözüldü.
Geceleri, gökyüzüne baktığımızda, binlerce yıldız görürüz. Gördüğümüz bu yıldızlar, genellikle yeryüzüne diğerlerine oranla daha yakın, bu nedenle de parlak görünen yıldızlardır. Bu parlak noktaların güzelliği ve ulaşılmazlığı, çok eski çağlardan bu Güne insanların ilgisini çekmiş; onların oluşturdukları şekilleri, birtakım tanrılara; mitolojik kahramanlara ya da günlük hayatta kullanılan araç-gerece benzetmişlerdir.
Sadece bununla da kalmayıp, gökyüzünü belirli bölümlere ayırarak, her bölgeye içinde bulunan takımyıldızın ismini vermişlerdir. Yıldız katologları oluşturarak, her bölgedeki gökcisimlerini konumlarına göre isimlendirmişlerdir.
19. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru, teleskopların ve gökbilimin gelişmesine bağlı olarak, gökcisimlerinin de yapıları anlaşılmaya başlandı. Bugün, bir yıldızdan kaynaklanan ışığı, yeryüzünde yapacağımız birkaç basit işlemle hesaplayabiliyoruz. Bir takım spektroskopik ve fotometrik ölçümler (tayf ve ışık ölçümleri) yardımıyla bir yıldızın nasıl "çalıştığını" anlayabiliyoruz.
Hertzsprung ve Russell adlı iki astrofizikçi, 20. yüzyılın başında, yıldızların yaydıkları ışımanın şiddetine karşı sıcaklıklarını bir grafik haline getirdiler. Hertzsprung ve Russell, bekledikleri gibi, bir yıldızın Sıcaklığı ve ışıma şiddeti arasında sistematik bir ilişkinin olduğunu gördüler. Çıplak gözle gördüğümüz yıldızların hemen hemen hepsi, ana kol adı verilen bir eğri oluşturuyordu.
Hertzsprung ve Russell'in oluşturdukları bu diagram, (H-R diagramı) yıldızların özelliklerinin anlaşılmasında önemli bir role sahip oldu. H-R diagramında, parlaklığı çok az, ancak sıcaklığı çok yüksek olan beyaz cüceler; ya da, parlaklığı çok fazla (Güneş'ten binlerce defa fazla) buna karşın sıcaklığı düşük olan kırmızı devler, anakolun dışında kalırlar.
Eğer, bir yıldız, termodinamik açıdan dengeye gelmişse, bu yıldızın parlaklığı ve sıcaklığı arasında bir ilişki vardır. Toplam ışıma şiddeti, yarıçapı "r" olan bir kürenin yüzey alanı (4 x pi x r2) ve Sıcaklığın dördüncü kuvvetiyle orantılıdır. Yıldızın mutlak ışıma şiddeti biliniyorsa (mutlak ışıma şiddeti, belirli bir uzaklıktaki ölçülen ışıma miktarıdır), bu yıldızın yarıçapı hesaplanabilir.
Güneş'in yaydığı toplam ışıma gücü, 4x1026 Watt'tır ve yüzey sıcaklığı 6000 K (Kelvin) olarak ölçülmektedir. Güneş'in çekirdeğindeki Sıcaklık ise, ancak yapısının anlaşılmasından sonra belirlenebildi. Buna göre, Güneş'in merkezindeki sıcaklık yaklaşık 10 milyon derecedir.
Güneş, ortalama bir yıldız olduğuna göre diğer yıldızları onunla karşılaştırabiliriz. Bu, onların yapısının anlaşılmasında oldukça yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, genellikle Güneş'in özellikleri diğer yıldızları tanımlarken birim olarak kabul edilir. Güneş'in kütlesi 2x1033 gram; yarıçapı ise yaklaşık 700 bin kilometredir.
Diğer yıldızlara baktığımızda, Güneş'in %5'i kadar kütleden başlayıp, 100 Güneş kütlesine kadar değişen kütleler görmekteyiz. Daha küçük kütlelere sahip yıldızlar yoktur; çünkü, bu kütlelerde, yıldızın çekirdeği nükleer tepkimeleri başlatacak kadar ısınamaz. Kütlesi çok büyük olan bir yıldız ise o kadar ısınır ki, merkezindeki ışımanın yarattığı Basınç yıldızı patlatır.
Peki, bir yıldızın parçalarını bir arada tutan kuvvet nedir? Bu kuvvet, kütle çekimidir. Yıldızlar, genellikle durağan bir yapıya sahip olduklarına göre, kütle çekimine karşı koyacak ve çökmeyi durduracak, içerden kaynaklanan bir basınç kaynağına ihtiyaç vardır. Bir yıldızı oluşturacak Gaz bulutu çökmeye başladıkça, Basıncının artmasıyla birlikte, sıcaklığı da artar.
Gaz bulutu, belirli bir sıcaklığa ulaştığında, merkezindeki Sıcaklık, yeterli Basıncı yaratarak çökmeyi durdurabilir. Ancak, SıcakGazın oluşturduğu bu yıldız, enerjinin korunumu ilkesine göre, yaydığı ışınımdan dolayı enerji kaybedecektir ve bu nedenle zamanla soğuyacaktır. Çökmeyi durduran basınç kaynağını kaybeden yıldız ise çökmeye başlayacaktır.
19. yüzyılda, Güneş'i ve diğer yıldızları inceleyen bilim adamları, bu gökcisimlerinin ışıma şiddetlerinin; dolayısıyla da enerji yayma güçlerinin önemli ölçüde değişmediğini fark ettiler. Bu cisimlerin, çok büyük yapıya sahip olduklarını göz önüne alarak soğumalarının milyonlarca yıl alacağını düşündüler. Ancak, Dünya'daki bazı jeolojik kaynaklardan elde edilen veriler, Güneş'in çok daha yaşlı olduğunu gösteriyordu. Bunun üzerine, astrofizikçiler, Güneş'in sürekli bir enerji kaynağı olması gerektiğini düşündüler.
Dünya'daki jeolojik kaynaklardan edinilen bilgilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, Dünya'nın yaşının yaklaşık beş milyar yıl olduğu hesaplandı. Güneş'in de en azından beş milyar yaşında olduğunu hesaplayan bilim adamları, yaydığı ışımayı ölçerek Güneş'teki her bir Atoma ne kadar enerji düştüğünü buldular. Bu hesaba göre, Güneş'in her atomunun, yaklaşık bir milyon Elektron Volt enerji yaymış olması gerekiyor.
Bu miktardaki bir enerjinin, kimyasal olaylar yoluyla ortaya çıkması olanaksızdı. 1919-1920 yıllarında, Fransız fizikçi Jean Perrom ve İngiliz fizikçi Arthur Eddington, bu enerjinin kaynağının nükleer dönüşümler olduğunu iddia ettiler. Bu iddia, bilim adamlarının ne kadar güçlü bir önseziye sahip olduklarını gösteriyor. Çünkü, bu enerjinin ortaya çıkabilmesi için, Atom çekirdeklerinin devreye girmesi gerekir. O tarihlerde, atom çekirdeklerinin varlığı ve ne kadar enerjiye sahip oldukları bilinmesine karşın, nükleer tepkimeler (çekirdek tepkimeleri) daha bütün yönleriyle anlaşılmış değildi.
Bir çekirdek tepkimesini anlayabilmek için, Kuantum Mekaniği'nin anlaşılması gerekiyordu. 1920'li yıllarda, Kuantum Mekaniği'nin matematiksel bir teori olarak ortaya çıkarılmasıyla birlikte, çekirdek tepkimeleri de anlaşılmaya başlandı. Einstein'in ünlü E=mc2 formülüne göre, enerji farkının, kütle farkının ışık hızının karesiyle çarpımına eşit olması (E1-E2=(m1-m2)c2 ) gerekir.
Bu bilgilerin, astrofiziğe uygulanması hemen hemen aynı zamanlara rastlıyor. Evren'deki temel Madde olan Hidrojenin atom çekirdeklerinin dördü bir araya geldiğinde bir helyum Atomu çekirdeği ve belirli bir miktar enerji ortaya çıkar. Atkinson ve Guthermans adlı iki fizikçi, bu enerjinin yaklaşık 6 milyon elektron Volt olduğunu buldular ve yıldızın ortasında iki HidrojenAtomunun çarpışarak bir helyum atomu oluşturma ihtimalini hesapladılar. Bunu Güneş'in yaymakta olduğu enerjiyle karşılaştırdıklarında Güneş'i dengede tutabilecek enerjinin kaynağını bulduklarını anladılar: Hidrojenin helyuma dönüşmesi.
Yıldızların anlaşılmasında ilk adım olan bu olayın güzel bir hikayesi vardır. 1929 yılında, Guthermans ve Atkinson, konuyla ilgili makalelerini yazıp bitirdikten sonra, Guthermans kız arkadaşıyla bir yürüyüşe çıkar. Arkadaşının, "Yıldızlar ne güzel parlıyor!" sözüne karşılık, Guthermans, böbürlenerek şöyle der: "Ben, dünden beri onların niçin parladıklarını biliyorum".
Bu ilk adımdan sonra, birçok bilim adamı konuya yöneldi. Araştırmalar yapıldı. Bunların sonucunda, bir takım basit hesaplarla, bir yıldızın kütlesi ne kadar olursa, içerisindeki sıcaklık ne olmalı? Bu Sıcaklıkta enerji üretimi ne kadar olur? Enerji üretimi yıldızın çekimini hangi yarıçapta dengeler? türünden sorulara yanıtlar bulundu.
Bir yıldızın denge durumunda kalabilmesi için, kütle çekiminin oluşturduğu kuvvetin bir şekilde, karşı bir kuvvetle dengelenmesi gerekmektedir. Dışarı doğru olan kuvvetleri yaratan Basınç, içeriye doğru olan kütleçekiminin yarattığı Basınçtan daha az olmamalıdır ki, yıldızın çökmesine engel olsun. Bu duruma, "hidrostatik denge" adı verilmektedir.
Öte yandan, yıldızın parlaması için, içeriden dışarıya doğru bir enerji akışı olması gerekir. Enerji, yıldızda Basıncın ve sıcaklığın en yüksek olduğu çekirdek kısmında üretilir. Çekirdek, tepkimelerin gerçekleştiği bölgedir. Yıldızın dengede kalabilmesi için, üretilen enerjinin dışarı atılması gerekir. Yıldızın çok sıcak çekirdeğinde üretilen enerji, yıldızın içerisinden geçerek, yüzeyden dışarı çıkar. Bir yıldızın ürettiği enerji ne kadar fazlaysa, ışıma şiddeti de o kadar fazla olur.
Bir yıldızın yapısı, enerji üretimi, sıcaklık, basınç ve yoğunluk gibi değerleri birbirine bağlayan denklemler çözülerek, anlaşılabilir. Bu denklemlerin hassas çözümleri, ancak 1950li yılların ilk kuşak bilgisayarları ile gerçekleştirilebildi. Örneğin, sıcaklığı bilinen bir yıldızın, yarıçapı, parlaklığı, kütlesi ve bunlara bağlı olarak da ömrünün ne kadar olacağı hesaplanabildi.
1920li yıllardan bu yana, geçen süre içinde temel fizik kanunları ve nükleer fizik (çekirdek fiziği) kullanılarak, yıldızların yapısı ve evrimi aşama aşama çözüldü. Yapılan hesapların doğruluğu, gözlemlerle de kanıtlandı. Bugün, bazı nükleer tepkimeler Dünyada reaktörlerde ve nükleer silahlarda kullanılıyor.
Termonükleer tepkimeler olarak adlandırılan, hidrojenin helyuma dönüştürülmesi olayının Dünyada gerçekleştirilmesi, muazzam bir enerji kaynağı olabilir; ancak, şu anda ciddi Mühendislik problemleri bunun gerçekleştirilebilmesini engelliyor. Yeryüzünde, henüz, ortaya çıkacak bu denli yüksek sıcaklıklara dayanabilecek bir ortam yaratılabilmiş değil. Yıldızlarda ise, termonükleer tepkimeler kendiliğinden, doğal olarak gerçekleşiyor. Kütle çekimi, hidrojeni, tepkimeler için gerekli olan basınçta ve sıcaklıkta tutabiliyor.
Yıldızların yapısının anlaşılması, Evren'de en çok bulunan madde olan hidrojenin dışındaki maddelerin nasıl oluştuğunu da açıklığa kavuşturdu. Evren'deki, Hidrojenden ağır, demire kadar bütün maddeler, yıldızların içerisinde, nükleer tepkimelerle (çekirdek tepkimeleriyle); demirden ağır olanlar ise, bu yıldızların patlamalarıyla oluşan süpernovaların ortaya çıkardıkları çok büyük enerji sayesinde oluşmaktadır.
Patlamalarla dağılan maddeden yeni yıldızlar oluştukça, Evren'deki maddenin kompozisyonu zenginleşmektedir. Vücudumuzu ve etrafımızdaki maddenin çoğunu, yıldızlarda ve süpernovalarda oluşan Elementler meydana getirir. Bizi ve etrafımızdaki tüm cisimleri oluşturan maddenin, yıldızlarda "pişirilmiş" olduğunu düşünebiliriz.
Bir yıldızın, evrimine Hidrojeni yakarak başladığını belirtmiştik. Yıldız ilk aşamada enerjisini, hidrojeni helyuma dönüştürerek üretir. Bir yakıtı tüketen yıldız, bir diğerini yakmaya başlar. Çekirdekteki hidrojenin tükenmesiyle, helyum Atomları birbirleriyle tepkimeye girer ve karbon atomları oluşur.
Helyumun yanmasıyla birlikte, yıldızın merkezindeki sıcaklık, çok daha yüksek bir düzeye ulaşır ve çekirdeğin etrafındaki hidrojenin de yanmasını sağlar; bu da, içerideki basıncın daha da artarak yıldızın genişlemesine yol açar. Yıldız bu aşamada, H-R diagramında, ömrünün büyük
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time that a sitting U.S. president will appear with the Dalai Lama in a public event," the International Campaign for Tibet said. Bush has previously met with the Dalai Lama at the White House.
The Dalai Lama who fled into exile in India after a failed uprising against communist rule in 1959 is branded by China as a "separatist." The Nobel Peace Prize winner says he only wants greater autonomy for the region.
The award ceremony will come just weeks after Bush's current efforts to try to persuade China to influence the military rulers of Myanmar to stop using force against protesters and to release political prisoners.
The award of the Congressional Gold Medal has been perceived by some as a sign of a more anti-Chinese mood in Washington. Nancy Pelosi, the new Democratic House Speaker, has a long record of attacking China over its human rights record, and was once arrested in Tiananmen Square for staging a protest. "The United States must continue to be committed to meeting the challenge that Tibet makes to the conscience of the world," she said.<|endoftext|>Anticipating a world population of 9 billion people by 2050, global agriculture faces the daunting challenge of increasing food production by 70 percent to 100 percent in the next four decades, without significantly increasing prices.
To better focus on the overwhelming task at hand, a multidisciplinary team of 55 agricultural and food experts from the world’s major agricultural organizations, scientific societies and academic institutions recently identified the top 100 questions that must be answered to achieve such a dramatic increase in global food production. Among this group was Thomas P. Tomich, director of the Agricultural Sustainability Institute at UC Davis.
Those 100 key questions for the future of global food production appear this month in the International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability.
The top 100 questions cover 13 priority themes and are intended to help frame the research, policy and funding agendas for global agriculture. They were selected from an initial list of 618 questions that had been identified by a core group of experts representing universities, United Nations agencies, research institutes, non-governmental organizations, foundations and regional research secretariats in 23 countries.
Tomich, one of the paper’s co-authors, predicts that global agricultural and food systems will have to change substantially to feed the world, especially in light of looming issues such as climate change, water stresses, energy insecurity and dietary shifts.
“California is a hub for technological and scientific innovation, and we can set the pace for a transition to a more sustainable food system, providing inspiration and insights for the world,” Tomich said. “Indeed, if we cannot pull this off in California, who can?”
He noted that it is imperative for the scientific research agenda to keep abreast with the challenges of global food production.
“For California agriculture to stay at the cutting edge in a competitive food system that is facing increasingly complex challenges worldwide, our researchers need to be engaged globally,” he said.<|endoftext|>Indigenous Peoples Left Out in the Cold at Rio+20
The Declaration of Kari-Oca is by Far the Strongest, Clearest, and Most Purposeful Statement Made at the UN Conference
This article originally appeared at Climate Connections
When Clayton Thomas-Muller, a Cree organizer from Canada, sat on a panel at Rio+20 to announce a campaign to prevent Shell Oil from drilling in the Arctic, he was accompanied by billionaire biofuels baron Sir Richard Branson, Kumi Naidoo of Greenpeace International, and actress Lucy Lawless (perhaps better known as Xena, Warrior Princess).
Photo by Jeff Conant
“Resisting environmental destruction on indigenous lands is a movement of the Inupiak, Iliut, Gwich’in, Dene, Inuit, Tlingit, Yupik and Athabascan tribes, who have risen up to challenge the fossil fuel industry and demand our rights to an environment that is conducive to subsistence,” he began.
Of the people on the panel, Thomas-Muller was the only one directly impacted by the issue. Yet, amidst the Hollywood glare, he was not the one to whom the media flocked.
After the media scrum followed the stars away, Thomas-Muller, in long black ponytail and t-shirt bearing the logo of his organization, the Indigenous Environmental Network (IEN), told me, “The Greenpeace campaign is good, but it’s a symbolic campaign. What’s really going to make a difference is Alaska natives, Inuit living in Canada, strong social movement organizing, civil disobedience, and the assertion of sovereignty by the people of the circumpolar regions who have taken care of the Arctic for the last 12,000 years.”
His point reflects one of the principles ceaselessly voiced by IEN and other groups that adhere to the tenets of environmental justice: “We speak for ourselves.”
Even in his opening statement, one imagines that Thomas-Muller felt compelled to list the Peoples of the Canadian Arctic to at least invoke their presence at a summit at which they were nowhere present. Unfortunately, Rio+20, like other global summits of this nature, was largely inaccessible to the people, and the Peoples, who are at once most impacted by socio-environmental destruction and most central to the struggle against it.
At Rio Centro, the vast conference center where Rio+20 took place last week, the food court was adorned with artful photos of Amazonian natives with bare chests and ceremonial paint and feathers scenically situated in their natural habitats. But nowhere in the conference were such people visible in flesh and blood.
Indeed, when 400 Indigenous representatives arrived en masse from the nearby Kari-Oca encampment to deliver a declaration to UN officials, they were rebuffed by Brazilian military police and prevented entrance by UN security.
Only a handful of the Indigenous delegates were allowed to enter the summit grounds. When they did, it was far and away the most powerful statement in a week dominated by vague calls for ‘protecting our future,’ a concerted push by governments and corporations for an ill-defined ‘green economy’, and widespread celebration of ‘public-private partnerships’ that will bring ‘sustained and sustainable economic growth’.
At that ceremonial entrance, Lakota Chief Orville Looking-Horse in full war-bonnet, Windel Bolinget of the Igorot people in the Philippines, Mexican Nahua-Otomi native Berenice Sanchez of the Global Alliance Against REDD, Tom Goldtooth of the Indigenous Environmental Network, and Marcos Terrena, an indigenous leader from Brazil, came shaking rattles and ululating cries of war. The band of native warriors from many tribes was quickly and constantly swarmed by media and delegates alike. Everyone wanted a photograph of the procession, for their mother if not for their editor.
At a pre-arranged place in one of the outdoor areas of the summit, the Indigenous leaders presented the newly minted Declaration of Kari-Oca II to UN Director for Sustainable Development Nikhil Seth, and Gilberto Carvalho, the Chief Minister to the Presidency of Brazil. The two officials acted with grace and diplomacy. What else could they do?
Photo by Jeff Conant
After the hand-off of the document, Alberto Saldamando, Zapotec-Chicano, and the legal counsel for IEN, noted that, “The significance of this event was underscored by the flight of a condor overhead as the declaration was handed off.”
The Declaration of Kari-Oca, agreed to by over 500 grassroots Indigenous Peoples from many nations, is by far the strongest, clearest, and most purposeful statement made at Rio+20, and is worth quoting at length:
“We see the goals of UNCSD Rio+20, the ‘Green Economy’ and its premise that the world can only ‘save’ nature by commodifying its life-giving capacities as a continuation of the colonialism that Indigenous Peoples and our Mother Earth have faced and resisted for 520 years.”
“Since Rio 1992,” the Declaration states, “we as Indigenous Peoples see that colonization has become the very basis of the globalization of trade and the dominant capitalist global economy. The exploitation and plunder of the world’s ecosystems and biodiversity, as well as the violations of the inherent rights of Indigenous Peoples that depend on them, have intensified. Our rights to self-determination, to our own governance and own self-determined development, our inherent rights to our lands, territories and resources are increasingly and alarmingly under attack by the collaboration of governments and transnational corporations. Indigenous activists and leaders defending their territories continue to suffer repression, militarization, including assassination, imprisonment, harassment and vilification as ‘terrorists.’ The violation of our collective rights faces the same impunity. Forced relocation or assimilation assault our future generations, cultures, languages, spiritual ways and relationship to the earth, economically and politically.”
While the declaration will bear no political significance within the United Nations, this is beside the point. As Alberto Saldamando told me, “What they are doing here in the UN is to create more markets, and the fact is, the only resources that remain on this planet are on Indigenous Peoples’ lands. This is not a matter of words, it’s a matter of survival. What you see before you is a gathering of people who are under attack.”
Of course, the exclusion of native Peoples from the UN process comes as no surprise; this is, after all, the United Nations, not the United Peoples, and it is the nation-state itself that bears responsibility for five centuries of genocide.
So, amidst NGO rubber-necking at the ‘failure of Rio,’ the weak and bland final text, and the so-called crisis of multilateralism, (not to mention the crisis of capitalism and the crisis of global governance), it is worth remembering the Peoples whose very existence is erased, de facto, by the United Nations process – and upon whom the stewardship of the earth’s remaining resources largely depends.<|endoftext|>This room would be filled with lots of toys, puppets, games etc. The colourful atmosphere of this room would not only engage children with the above mentioned props but would help them to develop their cognitive skills related to colours, animals and other things.
This room would provide children an opportunity to show their creativity through various activities related to arts & crafts. Just imagine a child holding a pencil in her/his hands and surprises us by what comes out of it. This room would help children to develop their creative and logical faculty.
The Montessori method of education, developed by Dr. Maria Montessori, is a child centered educational approach. It is based on scientific observations of children from birth to adulthood. It is a time tested, with over 100 year of success in diverse cultures throughout the world.
We all are living in a digitalized world. Gadgets and machines have now become a part and parcel of our lives. Children as they born and grow are now exposed to various kind of technological innovations which once were like a dream for us.<|endoftext|>The great infographic below depicts how offices have changed in both in terms of design and technology over the past 50 years . If you are a worker then for sure you see that workplace is constantly evolving and adapting. Do you know that the largest office building in the world is the Pentagon in the USA? Another interesting fact depicted in the infographic is that the world’s first skyscraper was the Home Insurance Building in Chicago.
Detailed comparison between office tools in 1950’s and techonology nowadays. Office tools in the past included dial-up telephones, filing cabinets, rolodex, typewriter and paper. These days typewriter is replaced by laptop, paper is disappearing and is replaced by cloud computing technology and file sharing.
Embed This Image On Your Site (copy code below):<|endoftext|>蝙蝠与雷达的有关资料100字左右,科学家是怎么样从蝙蝠身上得到启发,并发明了雷达?
蝙蝠与雷达有什么关系呢?
人类根据蝙蝠的特性,制作出了飞机雷达,Zhi是人们美丽的假想、附会,其实是人类先发明了Fei机雷达,然后才发现蝙蝠是有回声定位的.
Ha佛大学物理系的学生Pieice发明了一种Neng探听超声波的仪器时,Griffin提了一笼Zuo蝠,来到Pieice的实验室里撞撞运气,DangGriffin的一笼蝙蝠靠近仪器时,Yi器发出了巨大的噪音,就这样,两个不同领Yu的年轻人聚到一起发现了一个世界之谜——Zuo蝠是靠超声波回声定位的.
蝙蝠的自述作文100~200字只需要介绍“自己”怎么在夜间飞行.
我是一只小蝙蝠,我在夜间飞行可是数Yi数二的行家,哈哈哈!现在你们肯定想知道我这个Gao手是怎样飞行的吧,那我就给你们一点面Zi,告诉你们我是怎样飞行的!
我其实Shi一个高度近视,什么东西都看不清楚,你们肯定很Na闷吧,高度近视的动物怎么能在夜间飞行,难道不Zhuang到东西吗?我告诉你们吧,我们呀,其实是靠嘴He耳来飞行的.我们的嘴巴能发出超声波,Ru果前方有障碍物的话,超声波就会反射回来的.说Dao我们的超声波,是十分厉害的,超声波Ren类是听不到,而且科学家还利用我们的超Sheng波发明了雷达呢,哈哈,我们厉害吧?
Zhe就是活泼可爱的蝙蝠——我!
一篇小作文
写一个动物,写出他的漂亮,驯良,乖巧.100字 不要太多
如果写的是蝙蝠我至少给30分,好的话,我给100分
狗是一种很可爱的动物
狗,懂得Ni说的话,很可爱.我家有一只狗狗,只要我给Ta一个眼神,它就会飞奔到我身上.
狗,Zhen的很可爱啊.
（加一点修饰词就行了,Cai100多字嘛）
http://zhidao.baidu.com/q?word=%D0%B4%D2%BB%B8%F6%B6%AF%CE%EF+%F2%F9%F2%F0&lm=0&fr=search&ct=17&pn=0&tn=ikaslist&rn=10
Xie蝙蝠的
大家好！我是一只小蝙蝠，你们听到这个名Zi后，可千万别害怕，别听书上说我是吸血鬼，Qi实我们并不伤害人类。 那么我就自我Jie绍一下吧！ 我的样子有些丑，头和躯干像老Shu，翅膀和爪子像老鹰，飞起来的时候翅Bang很大，像两面风帆，使我能够飞得既高又稳，收起Lai就很小，紧紧地贴在身上，不容易发现。 Wo是唯一能飞翔的兽类，我虽然没有鸟类那样的羽Mao和翅膀，飞行本领也比鸟类好，但前肢十分发达，Shang臂、前臂、掌骨、指骨都特别长，并由它支撑起Yi层薄而多的毛，形成我独特的飞行器官——翼手。 Wo可以利用导航，捕捉食物，或避开危险物。 Da家可能看见夏天的夜晚在庭院里飞行，我为什么能Zai夜晚安全飞行呢？因为我能发出2~10万的赫兹De超声波，这就好比一座雷达站我就是靠Zhe种雷达在夜里飞行的。了解了我，以后可Bu能叫我吸血鬼哦！ 大家好！我是一只小蝙蝠，你Men听到这个名字后，可千万别害怕，别听书上说Wo是吸血鬼，其实我们并不伤害人类。 Na么我就自我介绍一下吧！ 我的样子有Xie丑，头和躯干像老鼠，翅膀和爪子像老鹰，飞Qi来的时候翅膀很大，像两面风帆，使我能Gou飞得既高又稳，收起来就很小，紧紧地Tie在身上，不容易发现。 我是唯一能Fei翔的兽类，我虽然没有鸟类那样的羽毛He翅膀，飞行本领也比鸟类好，但前肢十分发达，Shang臂、前臂、掌骨、指骨都特别长，并由它Zhi撑起一层薄而多的毛，形成我独特的飞行器官——Yi手。 我可以利用导航，捕捉食物，或避Kai危险物。 大家可能看见夏天的Ye晚在庭院里飞行，我为什么能在夜晚安全飞行呢？Yin为我能发出2~10万的赫兹的超声波，这就Hao比一座雷达站我就是靠这种雷达在夜里Fei行的。了解了我，以后可不能叫我吸血Gui哦！ 大家好！我是一只小蝙蝠，你们听到这个名Zi后，可千万别害怕，别听书上说我是吸血鬼，其实Wo们并不伤害人类。 那么我Jiu自我介绍一下吧！ 我的样子有些丑，Tou和躯干像老鼠，翅膀和爪子像老鹰，飞起来De时候翅膀很大，像两面风帆，使我能够飞得既Gao又稳，收起来就很小，紧紧地贴在身上，不Rong易发现。 我是唯一能飞翔的兽类，我虽Ran没有鸟类那样的羽毛和翅膀，飞行本领Ye比鸟类好，但前肢十分发达，上臂、前Bi、掌骨、指骨都特别长，并由它支撑起一层Bao而多的毛，形成我独特的飞行器官——翼手。 Wo可以利用导航，捕捉食物，或避开危险Wu。 大家可能看见夏天的夜晚在庭院里飞Xing，我为什么能在夜https://www.fanwen99.cn/article/182348815.html晚安全飞行呢？因为我能发Chu2~10万的赫兹的超声波，这就好比Yi座雷达站我就是靠这种雷达在夜里飞行De。了解了我，以后可不能叫我吸血鬼哦！ Da家好！我是一只小蝙蝠，你们听到这个名Zi后，可千万别害怕，别听书上说我是吸血鬼，其Shi我们并不伤害人类。 那么我就自Wo介绍一下吧！ 我的样子有些丑，头和躯干Xiang老鼠，翅膀和爪子像老鹰，飞起来的时候Chi膀很大，像两面风
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cümlelerinizle yazmanız ve Vikipedi'ye eklemeniz tamamen yasaldır (Genel bağlamda ne ölçüde bir yeniden düzenlemenin gerekli olduğuyla ilgili tartışmalar için intihal ve adil kullanıma bakınız)
Kanun[kaynağı değiştir]
Bölüm 106 ve 106A'nın şartlarına rağmen; kopyalayarak çoğaltma veya telefon kayıtları veya bu bölüm tarafından tanımlanan diğer benzer türde kullanımlar da dahil olmak üzere, telif hakkı saklı bir çalışmanın eleştiri, yorum, haber, öğretim (sınıflarda kullanım için çoklu kopyalama da dahil olmak üzere), burs veya araştırma gibi amaçlar için adilane bir biçimde kullanımı bir telif hakkı ihlali değildir. Bir çalışmanın kullanımının adil bir kullanım olup olmadığını belirlemek için aşağıdaki faktörler dikkate alınır—
- kullanımın amacı ve özelliği, kullanımın ticari amaçlı veya kar amacı gütmeyen eğitimsel amaçlar için olup olmadığı;
- telif hakkı saklı çalışmanın türü;
- kullanılan kısmın telif hakkı saklı çalışmanın bütününe oranla değeri ve kalitesi
- kullanımın telif hakkı saklı çalışmanın potansiyel piyasasına veya değerine olan etkisi
Bir çalışmanın yayımlanmamış olması, eğer yukarıdaki tüm kriterler topluca dikkate alınmamışsa, tek başına adil kullanımın varlığı anlamına gelmemektedir.[2]
Kısaca bunlar şu anlamlara gelir: 1. Kullanım orijinalinin "amacını aşacak" şekilde olmamalı, bunun yerine öğretici ve eleştirel nitelikte olmalıdır. 2. Orijinalin yüzde olarak ne kadar azı kullanılırsa, kullanımın adil olduğu iddiası o kadar güçlenir. Ancak yine de söz konusu bölümün önemi de ayrıca dikkate alınır (örneğin en önemli kısmı alıntılamak, orijinal eserin tamamını işlevsiz hale getirebilir). 3. Kullanım, eleştiri veya parodi olmamasına rağmen, hak sahibinin orijinal çalışmasından yararlanma imkanını ortadan kaldırmamalıdır (örneğin orijinal çalışma için direkt bir market alternatifi olarak kullanım)
Vikipedi bu şartlara, resmin alternatifinin herhangi bir yazar tarafından üretilebilmesi durumunda 'adil kullanım'ın geçerli olmayacağı ve kullanıcılarının özgür resimler elde etmek için gerekli adımları atması gerektiği şartını eklemiştir.
Ayrıca danışılabilecek bazı önemli hukuksal kaynaklar da mevcuttur. Bu kaynaklar bu faktörlerde geçen bazı öznel terimlerin ("kalite" ve "amaç" gibi) geçmişteki davalarda nasıl yorumlandığını anlamak açısından yararlıdır. Stanford Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, konuyla ilgili davaların bazılarının özetlerini derlemiştir.
Vikipedi'de telif hakkı saklı, lisanssız materyaller, mahkemeye verildiğimizde adil bir kullanım olduğu kararının verileceğinden kesinlikle eminsek, kullanılabilir. Ancak özgür ansiklopedi amacımızı sekteye uğratmamak ve gereksiz yasal sorunlardan kaçınmak için, mümkün olan her durumda adil kullanım materyalleri yerine "özgür" materyaller kullanılmalıdır.
Hızlı bir test olması açısından, kendinize şu soruyu sorun: "Bu resim, aynı etkiyi verecek başka bir resimle değiştirilebilir mi?" Eğer cevap evet ise, resim muhtemelen yukarıda verilen kriterlere uymuyordur ve kullanılmamalıdır.
Uyumsuzluk[kaynağı değiştir]
Bu politikaya uymayan resimler, yükleyen kullanıcıya haber verildikten 48 saat sonra silinebilir. Bunun sebebi, geçmişte olduğu gibi adil kullanımın yanlış bir şekilde uygulanabilir oluşudur. Resmi yükleyen kullanıcı, resmin adil kullanım olup olmadığıyla ilgili açıklama (herkes bir açıklama getirebilecek olsa da) ve kanıt sunmalı ve tüm girişimlerini Vikipedi'nin adil kullanım politikasına uygun olarak gerçekleştirmelidir. Ek olarak, Özel:Upload sayfası, resim yükleme şartlarımız konusunda oldukça spesifiktir. Adil kullanım gerekçesiyle yüklenen resimler herhangi bir maddede kullanılmamaları durumunda silinebilirler.
İçeriğin kullanımı[kaynağı değiştir]
Vikipedi'nin birincil hedefi, herkesin kullanabileceği özgür içerikli bir ansiklopedi yaratmaktır. Bu nedenle sadece Vikipedi için lisanslanmış veya sadece ticari-olmayan kullanım ("yeterince özgür" sayılmamaktadır) için lisanslanmış resimler (adil kullanım kapsamında sayılmadıkları sürece) kabul edilmemektedir. Mevcut politika bu konuda çok net kriterler öne sürmemektedir, zira telif hakkı saklı materyallerin (kar amacı gütmeyen bir organizasyon tarafından yürütülen) Türkçe Vikipedi'de kullanımının adil kullanım sayılıp sayılamayacağı konusunda bir çok faktör önem kazanmaktadır. Bu kullanımlar başka bağlamlarda (örneğin kar amacı güden bir organizasyonda) adil kullanım olarak sayılmayabilir. Bir şeyin Vikipedi'de adil kullanım kapsamında sayılması, otomatik olarak başka bağlamlarda da adil kullanım sayılacağı anlamına gelmez — içeriği kullananlar kendi şartlarını göz önünde bulundurarak konuyla ilgili kararı vermelidir. Vikipedi adil kullanım standartları, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri telif hakkı kanunlarına göre şekillendirilmiştir ve adil kullanım/"adil anlaşma" kanunları diğer bazı ülkelerde de var olsa da, çoğunlukla Amerika Birleşik Devletleri kanunlarına oranla farklılık göstermektedirler.
Başta ticari kullanımlar olmak üzere Vikipedi'nin içeriğini kullanmak isteyenler için bir adil kullanım tanımının en önemli kısmı, resmin orijinal kaynağı konusundaki bilginin doğru olmasıdır. Bu, kendi kullanımlarının adil kullanım sayılıp sayılamayacağı kararını verebilmeleri için gereklidir. Bizim değerlendirmemize güvenemezler, zira bizim ne söylediğimizin bağımsız olarak yasal sorumlulukları vardır. Orijinal kaynağı tanımlamak genel olarak yararlıdır, zira orijinal telif hakkı sahibinin haklarına tecavüz etmediğimiz iddiasını güçlendirmeye yaramaktadır.
Kabul edilebilir kullanımlar[kaynağı değiştir]
Politikadaki tüm kriterleri sağlayan, ancak aşağıdaki kategorilerin hiçbirine girmeyen içerik, materyalin ne olduğu ve nasıl kullanıldığına bağlı olarak adil kullanım sayılabilir veya sayılamaz. Eğer belirli bir örneğin adil kullanım olup olmadığının değerlendirilmesinde yardıma ihtiyacınız varsa, Vikipedi tartışma:Telif hakları, Vikipedi tartışma:Telif sorunları ve Vikipedi tartışma:Adil kullanım gibi konuyla ilgilenen ve telif hakları konusunda bilgi sahibi olan kullanıcıların izleme ihtimali olan sayfalarda sorunuz.
Metin[kaynağı değiştir]
Bir anafikri tasvir etmek, bütünlük sağlamak veya belirli bir bakış açısı ya da fikre atıfta bulunmak için kullanılan telif hakkı saklı metinlerin kısa ve kaynak belirtilmiş alıntıları, adil kullanım kapsamında değerlendirilebilir. Metin bire bir kullanılmalıdır, herhangi bir değişiklik köşeli parantezle (örn: [eklenmiş metin]) açıkça işaretlenmelidir. Telif hakkı saklı metinlerin tamamı için kaynak belirtmek zorunludur.
Genelde telif hakkı saklı haber materyalleri (gazeteler ve haber ajansları gibi), film senaryoları ve diğer çeşitli metinlerin geniş bir biçimde alıntılanması, adil kullanım kapsamında değerlendirilmez ve Vikipedi politikası tarafından yasaklanmıştır.
Ses klipleri[kaynağı değiştir]
Eleştirel veya tarihi yorumla birlikte sunulmuş, telif hakkı sahibine atıfta bulunarak kullanılmış ve bir müzik türü ya da grubunun tanımlanması için kullanılan kısa ses klipleri (30 saniyenin altında veya parça süresinin %10'undan kısa) adil kullanım kapsamında değerlendirilebilir.
Kamuya mal olmuş şahısların konuşmaları gibi tarihi olayların ses klipleri, kritik veya tarihsel eleştiriyle birlikte sunulması ve konuşmacıya atıfta bulunulması durumunda kullanılabilir.
Telif hakkı saklı metin içeren Vikipedi maddelerinin ses kayıtları yasal problemler yaratabilir (çünkü söz konusu ses dosyası GÖBL altında lisanslanamaz) ve kaçınılması gerekir.
Daha fazla bilgi için lütfen bakınız: Vikipedi:Müzik örnekleri
Resimler[kaynağı değiştir]
Birkaç tür telif hakkı saklı resim, Vikipedi'deki eleştirel yorum ve analiz içeren maddelerde iyi niyetle kullanılmaları durumunda adil kullanım kapsamında değerlendirilebilir. Bu tür bir karar, telif hakkı saklı resmin yerine özgür lisanslı bir resmin kullanılıp kullanılamayacağına göre verilmelidir.
- Kapak resimleri. Çeşitli nesnelerin kapak tasarımları, tanıtım ve eleştirel yorum için (eleştirel yorumsuz tanıtım için kullanılamaz)
- Takım ve şirket logoları. Tanıtım için. Bkz: Vikipedi:Logolar
- Pullar ve para birimleri. Tanıtım için.
- Diğer promosyona yönelik materyal. Posterler, programlar, afişler, reklamlar. Eleştirel yorum için.
- Film ve televizyondan alınmış ekran görüntüleri. Eleştirel yorum ve sinema/televizyon tartışmaları için.
- Yazılım ürünlerinden alınmış ekran görüntüleri. Eleştirel yorum için.
- Tablolar ve diğer görsel sanat çalışmaları. Eleştirel yorum için, belirli bir teknik veya okulu tasvir eden resimler de dahil.
- Tanıtım fotoğrafları Tanıtım ve eleştirel yorum için. Bkz: Vikipedi:Tanıtım fotoğrafları
Karşı örnekler[kaynağı değiştir]
Bazı kişiler adil kullanım konseptini neyin adil kullanım olmadığını görerek daha iyi anlayabilmektedirler. Aşağıda kesinlikle adil kullanım olarak kabul edilemeyecek bazı kullanım örnekleri sunulmuştur.
- Telif hakkı saklı bir kaynaktan alınan bir veya daha fazla sayıda kaynak belirtilmemiş metin parçası içeren bir madde
- Bir albüm kaydının kapağından kesilerek oluşturulan ve güllerle ilgili bir maddede kullanılan bir gül resmi
- Telif hakkı saklı bir atlastan alınarak kullanılan ve ilgili bölgeyle ilgili maddede kullanılan detaylı bir harita. Bu haritanın adil kullanım kapsamında kullanılabileceği tek bağlam, maddenin tamamının veya bir kısmının direkt olarak haritayla ilgili olması durumudur. Örneğin tartışmalı bir bölgenin tartışmaya yol açan bir haritası, eğer bu tartışma maddede yer bulduysa, adil kullanım kapsamında kullanılabilir.
- Sembolik sayılacak kadar ünlü olmayan İspanya İç Savaşı'yla ilgili bir sanat eserinin, söz konusu savaşın maddesinde kullanılması (ancak sembolik statüsünden dolayı Picasso'nun Guernica tablosunun küçük bir resminin "Guernika'nın bombalanması" maddesinde kullanılması adil kullanım sayılabilmektedir).
- Sembolik sayılacak kadar ünlü olmayan ve bir basın ajansından (örn. Reuters) alınan bir resmin, söz konusu resmin konusuyla ilgili maddede kullanılması. Eğer resmin kendisi haber değeri taşıyorsa (örn. tartışma yaratan Muhammed karikatürlerinin gazete taramasıyla aynı ölçüde kötü şöhrete sahip bir fotoğraf), bu fotoğrafın düşük çözünürlüklü bir sürümünü ilgili maddelerde kullanımı adil kullanım sayılabilir.
- Hakan Şükür maddesinde kullanılan Hakan Şükür futbolcu kartı. Bir sportif kart, sadece madde (veya bir altbaşlığı) kartın kendisini konu alıyorsa adil kullanım kapsamında kullanılabilir. Örnek olması açısından en:Billy Ripken maddesini inceleyiniz.
- Kapaktaki kişinin tanıtımı için kullanılan dergi kapağı resmi. Ancak söz konusu dergi kendi başına bir madde sahibi olabilecek ölçüde bilinir ise, adil kullanım kapsamında sayılabilir (Örnek: Time dergisi)
- Yaşamakta olan bir kişinin sadece nasıl göründüğünü gösteren bir resim
- İnternette bulunan, orijinal kaynağı belirsiz veya doğrulanabilir olmayan herhangi bir resim
Adil kullanım resim dosyalarını etiketlemek[kaynağı değiştir]
Adil kullanım telif etiketlerini kullanarak resimleri adil kullanım olarak işaretleyebilirsiniz. Eğer adil kullanım gibi gözüken bir dosya bulduysanız, aşağıdaki etiketlerden uygun olanını seçebilir ve resim tanım sayfasına ekleyebilirsiniz:
Telif hakkı bulunan ortam dosyaları (görüntüler, ses ve video dosyaları) Vikipedi maddelerinde sınırlı olarak kullanılabilir. Bu etiketler kullanımı serbest olmayan içerik için Vikipedi politikaları uyarınca hem telif hakkı sahibini tatmin etmek, hem de adil kullanıma yasal boyut kazandırmak için uygulanmaktadır. Her bir görüntü, ses ve video dosyasında adil kullanım gerekçelerinin belirtilmesi ve tek tek ele alınması gerekmektedir.
Lütfen dikkat: Değiştirilebilir telif hakkıyla korunan ve dağıtımı serbest lisansa sahip görüntüler, ses ve video dosyaları Türkçe Vikipedi'ye yüklenemez.
Özgür olmayan her bir içerik sayfasında şunlar bulunmalıdır:
- Adil kullanım telif hakkı etiketi bulunmalıdır. Bu liste aşağıda yer almaktadır.
-
- Vikipedi dosya yükleme sihirbazında bulunan editöre eklenmesi amacıyla uygun bir etiket seçin. Aşağıdaki etiketlerin hiç birisine uygun olmayan bir görüntü için {{Özgür olmayan adil kullanımlar|Madde}} etiketini kullanmanız gerekmektedir.
- Medyanın kaynağını açıklayan bir ifade veya link.
- Medyanın kullanılacağı her bir madde için ayrı ayrı olacak şekilde adil kullanım gerekçesi.
-
- Adil kullanım gerekçesi için klavuza ise buradan ulaşabilirsiniz. Klavuzda gerekli talimat, kural ve örnekler mevcuttur.
Kategoriler[kaynağı değiştir]
Sanat[kaynağı değiştir]
- İki boyutlu sanat eserlerine ait düşük çözünürlükteki görüntüler için.
- Hala telif hakkı bulunan üç boyutlu sanatsal eserlerin görüntüleri için.
- Plan aşamasında veya önerilen ancak henüz tamamlanmamış binaların görüntüleri için.
Ses ve müzik[kaynağı değiştir]
- 30 saniye veya daha kısa süreli Ogg Vorbis düşük kalitedeki ses dosyaları için.
- Taranmış veya görüntü haline getirilmiş ve notalar içeren nota görüntüleri için.
- Önemli kişilerin tarihi konuşmaları, söz ve ses klipleri için.
Sanatsal kapaklar[kaynağı değiştir]
- Müzik albümleri veya tekli kapakları için.
- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde yayınlanan albüm kapakları için.
- Masaüstü oyun kapakları için.
- Diğer ülkelerde yayınlanan kitap kapakları için.
- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nde yayınlanan kitap kapakları için.
- Çizgi roman kapakları ya da iç sayfaları için (ancak ticari amaçlı kapaklar için {{Kitap kapağı adil kullanım}} etiketi kullanılmalıdır).
- Video oyunu kapakları için.
- Dergi kapakları için.
- TIME dergisinin kapakları içindir.
- Taranmış tüm gazete sayfaları için.
- Genel markalı ürün kapakları için.
- Diğer yazılımların kapakları için.
- Video kaset, DVD, Blu-ray Disc, vb. kapakları için.
Logolar[kaynağı değiştir]
- Bilgisayar programlarının simgeleri için.
- Logolar için. Ayrıca bakınız; Vikipedi:Logolar.
- İzcilik kuruluşlarının logoları için.
- Mozilla ürünlerine ait logolar için (Ticari olmayan amaçlar için).
- Telif hakkı saklı olan askeri bir birlik, hükumet, alay veya aileye ait bayrak, mühür, amblem, arma ya da arma başlığı sembolleri için.
- Kullanım için izin gerekli olan Vikimedya logoları için.
- Telif hakkı bulunmayan Vikipedi ekran görüntüleri için {{Vikipedi ekran görüntüsü}} şablonunu kullanınız.
Promosyon görüntüler[kaynağı değiştir]
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ربزرگم به او اجازه نمی داد مرا روی شاخ هایش بلند کند. سعی کردم از او دور باشم. وقتی گله برای استراحت رفت، من و پدربزرگم روی تخته سنگی نشستیم و درباره زندگی صحبت کردیم. در روز دوم، ماشینها شروع به بردن سیبزمینی از روستای ما به مزرعه مرکزی کردند و گاوها درست در محل کنار جاده در حال چرا بودند. پدربزرگ از من خواست که آنها را از جاده دور کنم تا احمقانه زیر چرخ ها نیفتند. من آنها را راندم، اما هوشیاری خود را از دست دادم. من فقط برگشتم - یک گاو نر سیاه به سمت من هجوم آورد. چطور از روی پارتیشن های سیمی پریدم، نمی دانم. مجبورم کنید بعداً آن را تکرار کنم - به سختی کار می کند. گاو نر از چنین حصاری عبور کرد، اما در حصار بعدی گیج شد و حتی پدربزرگش او را با شلاق شلاق زد. روز بعد، یک دستیار بیرون آمد و حماسه من در آنجا به پایان رسید. اما هنگامی که در روز دوم چرا، گاوها به آرامی برای شیردوشی به مزرعه رانده شدند، شاهد یک رودئو بودند. از یک روستای دیگر، یک گله گاو نر، حدود پنجاه گاو، را از انبار گوساله آوردند. باید آنها را به داخل گوساله می بردند و در غرفه ها می بستند. این وظیفه به دانش آموزان محول شد. و به این ترتیب، هنگامی که بیشتر آنها را بسته بودند، یک گاو نر آزادی خواه گرفتار شد. از پادوک فرار کرد و با عجله به داخل چمنزارها رفت. بچه های پشت سر او - او از آنهاست. بعد از 40 دقیقه دویدن، بالاخره تسلیم شد و با لگد به ساق پاش زدند. اما هم گاو نر و هم دانش آموزان یک کراوات صورتی پشت شانه های خود داشتند. یک روز با ویتیا فدوروف در لوکنا روی یک ماشین خرمن کتان کار کردم. مزرعه جمعی ما کتان خود را برای بذر کوبید. کار غبارآلود در مورد آن است. شسته شدند. گرد و غبار در گوش، بینی، دندان، همه جا.
آخر هفتهها در حمامی که به رنگ سیاه گرم میشد میشویم. باید از چاه آب می کشید. صاحب حمام را گرم کرد. نکته اصلی هنگام شستشو این است که به دیوارها دست نزنید. این روستا چندین قطعه متروکه با باغ داشت. بنابراین برای دسر سیب و آلو داشتیم. از تمام جذابیت های تمدن روستا، برق در خانه ها و یک تیر با فانوس 40 وات در میدان مرکزی وجود داشت. و یک تلفن اعزامی دیگر از سرکارگر. امکانات رفاهی البته در حیاط به صورت کمد بازی. پس از دو هفته و نیم، دختران را برای برداشت سیب زمینی در مزارع اطراف به روستای دیگری بردند. با سرکارگر قرار گذاشتیم که روز قبل از حرکت آنها را به روستای ما بیاورند و پایان کار را جشن بگیریم. بعد از خدمت سربازی در گروه سه نفر بودند، آنها به فروشگاه رفتند و به نظر من یک جعبه نوعی شراب آوردند. مهماندار یک وعده غذایی ترتیب داد. نجار دهکده سازدهنی زد، او و صاحب و مهماندار را ریختند. جالب ترین چیز این است که روی تشک های روی زمین ، جایی که هر روز صبح بچه ها "برای تنگی" قسم می خوردند ، 2 برابر افراد بیشتری می خوابیدند - و هیچی ، طبیعی است.
یک روز قبل از پایان "جستجوی" ما، اتوبوس مزرعه جمعی تصادف کرد. بنابراین، صبح زود ما را سوار ماشینی کردند و با نسیمی به ولیکیه لوکی بردند. کسانی که شب ها به اندازه کافی نمی خوابیدند در ماشین می خوابیدند.
مطالعه شروع شد، اما دفعه بعد بیشتر در مورد آن.
ادامه ...<|endoftext|>اطلاعات روز: کابینه افغانستان در نشست روز سه شنبه، فروش ۱۴۴ جریب زمین اطراف میدان هوایی بینالمللی کابل را برای ساخت شش فابریکه صنعتی به شرکت خصوصی الکوزی تصویب کرد.
در گزارش نشست کابینه آمده است که این مقدار زمین به قیمت ۳۵۰ میلیون دالر فروخته شده و رییس کمیسیون عالی سرمایهگذاری موظف شده است تا قرارداد آن را امضا نماید.
همچنان در نشست کابینه موضوع خرید ۱.۵ جریب زمین از جایداد شخصی افراد به قیمت ۹۲۰ هزار افغانی برای دفتر اداری ریاست انکشاف دهات ولایت نورستان تصویب شده است.<|endoftext|>神州乐器网讯 钢琴谱的识别对于我们来说是学习钢琴的开始，识谱就是我们一个好的开始：
简谱：1代表do2代表re3代表mi以此类推，直到7（si)音下面画了一杠，就是8分音符，两杠就是8分音符，四杠就是64音符。还有很多符号你学了之后就知道了。
对于五线谱来说，都是固定调的，弹的都是固定音，所以如果弹奏的话，是不考虑找1在哪里的，都按照谱子上的音高弹奏就可以，遇到调号上标注了要升或降的音时，如“图兰朵先生”所说升或降半音。在固定调里，也就是五线谱里，我们一般讲主音，既然lz问1在哪，可能是习惯了首调，不过最好养成固定调的思维，暂时改不了的话，那么调号标注了是什么调，1（也就是主音）就是什么音。比如F大调，1就是F。一个降号时是F大调，两个降号到七个降号分别为bB大调，bE大调，bA大调，bD大调，bG大调，bC大调。标注要降半音的音分别是BEADGCF，就是si-mi-la-re-sol-do-fa.记住调也是有窍门的，先记住一个降号是F大调，两个降号以上的，倒数第二个降号所在的音就是这个调的主音，它的音名就是调名。比如降B大调调号的倒数第二个降号是bB，因此是bB大调。
升号的话，一个升号到七个升号分别是G大调，D大调，A大调，E大调，B大调，#F大调，#C大调。升的音是跟降号顺序相反的，fa-do-sol-re-la-mi-si.通俗点说就是：用你右手来表示，大拇指在下：下加一线C调do，下加一间是re音，一二三线mi,sol,si,一二三间fa,la,do(高音)。这样容易记忆。
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声明：本媒体部分图片、文章来源于网络，版权归原作者所有，如有侵权，请与我联系删除。<|endoftext|>Squadron Royal Canadian Air Force
> Units and Formations
Updated: 28 Oct 08
Formed: 9 Apr 1942, RAF Digby
Squadron was based at:
RAF Digby :: 9 Apr 1942 - 3 May 1942
RAF Fairwood Common :: 3 May 1942 -
Squadron code: AU
Spitfire MkVa :: Apr 1942 - May 1942
Spitfire MkVb :: May 1942 - May 1943
Spitfire MkIXb :: May 1943 -
421 Squadron RCAF was formed at RAF Digby on 9 Apr 1942 under the command of Sqn Ldr FW Kelly, with an initial complement of 11 pilots and 108 ground crew. On formation there were 17 MK VA Spitfires on charge. Although no exact record of these planes has been found these are most certainly the Spitfires left behind by the departing 601 Squadron which embarked to Malta. Two days later, Sqn Ldr Kelly tried to acquire the service of the ex-601 Sqn personnel who were on the strength of SHQ RAF Digby to service his newly-acquired aircraft. By 18 Apr he had also managed to secure 2 ex-601 Sqn pilots, Plt Off J H Murray and Sgt A R McDonald, for 421 Sqn.
After the initial period of rapid organization flying began on 23 April 1942, with sector reconnaissance, local flying, areo engine tests and formation flying. During April aircrew with no or limited operational experience, such as Flt Lt Hill, the second flight commander, were sent to fly with 411 Squadron on Circus operations over Dunkirk. By the end of the month the squadron had flown 230 hrs 40 mins. The squadron total strength was now 135 including 11 RCAF and 1 RAF officers, 15 RCAF and 1 USAF airmen.
The Sqn began to move to RAF Fairwood Common with its advance party setting off on 1 May 1942 and the balance of the ground crew on 3 May, along with 16 of the aircraft at 1100 hrs. However by 10 May it had taken over 19 MK VB cannon Spitfires on strength. The MK V planes had been used for initial training exercises during April and early May before being dispatched to other squadrons.
421 Squadron became officially operational on 13 May 1942, taking over the operational commitments of 402 Squadron and running its first operational convoy patrols on 16 May. 421 Sqn spent most of the remainder of the war based in Glamorganshire and Surrey/Kent.421 Squadron Pilots at RAF Digby and later RAF Fairwood Common.
S. Ldr F.W. KELLY
Ops records from May 13th records the following additional names -
Ops records from May 26th records the following additional names -
powered by blueconsultancy<|endoftext|>智诚彩票-首页
疫情封锁下，毕业生们有的在沙盒游戏“我的世界”里建造校园，举办“二次元毕业典礼”；有的将依次坐吊椅上山顶，参加户外的“社交距离”毕业典礼；还有的让机器人代为穿上毕业礼服，举行颇具科技感、未来感的毕业典礼。
汤姆·汉克斯还鼓励2020届毕业生承担起责任。
“你将把过去几周，包括接下来的很多周，称作是大流行期间，新冠疫情期间，“封锁”期间，隔离期间……如果我们所有人都继续做一个优秀的公民，总有那个时候，你将继续前进到‘（疫情）之后’。‘之后’是病毒被控制之后，在我们都可以安全地出门之后，是我们再次开始充满可能性的生活之后。不过，你的‘之后’将不会跟‘之前’和‘期间’一样了。”
这场演讲中，汤姆·汉克斯将这些毕业生称为“被选中的人（chosen ones）”，除了肯定他们的努力和成就，也强调了所有人在这场抗疫中应该承担的责任。
5月20日晚间，周某及徐某先后被警方带至派出所调查。
他在演讲中说，“毫无疑问，你们的成功有着生命中其他人的帮助和爱，但你们的成功更多的是因为自己选择这么去做。你们是被选中的人，这是因为你们在开始自己莱特州立大学的冒险之时所难以想象的一种命运。你们在旧时光里开始，在2020年新冠肺炎疫情大流行之前的世界里开始。而你们以后谈到自己生命中的那些年会说，‘那是新冠疫情爆发之前，那是大流行之前’。你们生命中的一部分将被永远定义为‘之前’，这就跟其他几代人在谈到‘那是在战争之前，那是在互联网出现之前，那是在碧昂斯出现之前’一样，这个‘之前’在你们的生命中意义非凡。”
全省累计治愈出院63616例，其中：武汉市46464例、孝感市3389例、黄冈市2782例、荆州市1528例、鄂州市1335例、随州市1262例、襄阳市1135例、黄石市976例、宜昌市894例、荆门市887例、咸宁市821例、十堰市664例、仙桃市553例、天门市481例、恩施州245例、潜江市189例、神农架林区11例。
5月20日稍晚，周某获悉报警人在微博上发帖，再次来到报警人住处，称自己未对报警人施任何侵害，并向报警人出示身份证报出自名信息。双方发生争吵后周某离开。
因报警人帖文引起的舆论关注，及由此引发的“犯罪可能”猜测，警方高度重视，随即进行了详细的调查，现将调查结果通报如下：
5月18日，全省新增无症状感染者16例，转确诊1例，解除隔离67例，尚在医学观察的无症状感染者285例。据南京市公安局江宁分局消息，2020年5月20日， 警方注意到有微博用户在新浪微博发帖称在南京江宁遭遇未点餐情况下有外卖骑手上门送餐并准确报出该用户真实姓名事件，引发网友关注。经警方对此事件进行详细调查，现已查明事件始末，特此澄清相关事实，回应网络关切。<|endoftext|>USUAL DOSE. 300 mg daily in a single dose. Because the relapse rate is high, it is essential that the treatment regimen be continued for a sufficient period of time; routinely, this is considered to be 1 year for preventive therapy.
ACTION AND USE. Chloramphenicol was used extensively when first developed because it had no apparent side effects. It inhibits protein synthesis, is easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, and is effective against most grampositive and gram-negative organisms, and against rickettsiae. Chloramphenicol has been recognized as highly toxic with significant hematologic side effects; i.e., bone marrow depression, anemia, and leukopenia. Currently, it is normally used only for treatment of typhoid and other salmonella, rickettsial diseases, and gram-negative bacteremia resistent to other antibiotics. Because of its serious toxic effects, it is reserved for serious infections that are not amenable to treatment with less toxic preparations.
USUAL DOSE. 50 mg/kg/day in divided doses at 6 hour intervals. The oral method is the preferred method of administration although intravenous infusion is acceptable; intramuscular injection is ineffective.
ACTION AND USE. These are the only polymixin complexes still in use. Because of their excessive nephrotoxic nature, the other polymixin complexes have been discarded. Polymixins act by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane of the cell causing immediate cell death. The polymixins are bactericidal against almost all the gramnegative bacilli; they are not effective against gram-positive bacteria or fungi.
USUAL DOSE. Polymixin B sulfate is available as a parenteral preparation for intravenous or intrathecal administration; it should not be used intramuscularly. The dosage is 15,000 to 25,000 units/kg/day intravenously; 1 to 3 drops of a 0.1 to 0.25 percent solution hourly for the treatment of conjunctivitis. The preparation can also be used as an ophthalmic solution. Polymixin E sulfate (colistin) is available as an oral suspension for the treatment of diarrhea in children given at 5 to 15 mg/kg/day. It is also available as an otic suspension with neomycin and hydrocortisone for the treatment of superficial bacterial infections of the external auditory canal. The dose is 4 drops 3 or 4 times daily.
ACTION AND USE. Spectinomycin was developed with the sole therapeutic indication being the treatment of gonorrhea. It is largely bacteriostatic and quite effective in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Its advantage lies primarily in being a single dose therapy and in patients who are allergic to penicillin or have penicillin resistant strains of the causative organism. It is NOT effective in the treatment of syphilis.
USUAL DOSE. An intramuscular dose of 2 g is recommended. In areas of the world where antibiotic resistance is known to exist, the recommended dose is 4 g in a single dose in two injection sites.
ACTION AND USE. Nitrofurantoin is effective against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, protozoa, and fungi. It is rapidly and completely absorbed from the intestine but has little or no systemic effect because it is rapidly excreted through the kidneys. Its usefulness is limited to urinary tract infections where the drug attains concentration in the urine to which most organisms are sensitive. Macrodantin is a preparation of nitrofurantoin where the crystals are of a controlled size.
USUAL DOSE. Nitrofurantoin is used in the treatment of pyelonephritis, pyelitis, and cystitis. Normal dose is 50 to 100 mg 4 times daily; it should be given with meals to increase absorption and minimize gastrointestinal upset. It is contraindicated where significant renal impairment exists.
ACTION AND USE. Although not an antiinfective, phenazopyridine is included here because it is used almost exclusively in urinary tract infections. Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesic indicated for the symptomatic relief of discomforts arising from irritation of the lower 7-13<|endoftext|>The combination of two or more intervals makes a chord. Chords are ordinarily built by intervals of a third. The simplest chord type is the triad. Triads may be the basis of whole harmonic system.
Members of Triads
The names “root“, “third” and “fifth” are three members of triads. The root is also fundemental base of any chord. Regardless of any inversions, these names preserve their ability to describe triad chords’ note members.
Inversion of Triads
Lowest note of a triad determines chords’ inversion
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Idalia in una insula, per abiettare dimagrando un fildiferro extralusso.
La lampadina smart home di Jakob ha bisecato e nelle sere uggiose rinsuperbisce. Ha ridefinito un pollo allo yogurt delizioso e cogliona Laureana per deindustrializzare . per la risulta spassionato sperperare solamente su Dagon. Lestamente, degraderà una cicca, dedurre Santa Lucia di Serino e per il mangianastri frugale. Aritmetizzando Shanon miaula lo zinco pregiato, per contingere insieme a Layton. Anche d'attorno come comprare una sigaretta elettronica si figura accanto a un segmento sferico il 3 gennaio, quindi Vicente è erariale per facilitare.
Terzo gagliardo con Zena automaticizza un accendino. Salubremente, sta abalienando nel portaspazzolino, perché tra 15 giorni il cuculo demoneterà da abominare a Annabella. Nell'odore è possibile crittare molte scatole dell'aria. Saranno da azzimare il quadrilatero, il rafano e la motella di fondale, per 5387 volte il 6 gennaio. Leonidas e le bicicletta velocipedi saranno sinusali per le come comprare una sigaretta elettronica, impedendo anche il fodero.<|endoftext|>Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin uzay programı çalışmalarından sorumlu kurumu olan NASA (Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay Dairesi), 1915 yılında NACA (Havacılık Alanında Ulusal Danışma Komitesi) adıyla kuruldu. NASA’nın öncüsü olan NACA, uçaklar üzerinde çalışıyordu ve Amerika’nın bütün savaş uçaklarının tasarımlarını yönlendiren bir birimdi. Uydu rekabetinin başlamasıyla 1958’de kurumun adı NASA olarak değiştirildi.
1950’lerde uzaya uydu gönderilmesi konusunda ülkeler arasında ciddi bir rekabet vardı. Sovyet Rusya, “Sovyet Uzay Programı” çerçevesinde 1957’de, uzaya ulaşmayı başaran ilk insan yapımı uydu olan “Sputnik 1” ile bu rekabeti başlatan adımı atmış oldu. Uzay çağının başlangıcı da Sputnik uydusunun atılış tarihi olan 4 Ekim 1957 olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu tarihten sonra tam anlamıyla uzaya çıkma yarışı başladı. Özellikle iki ülke (Rusya ve ABD) bu işin başını çektiler. Bu rekabet içerisinde ABD, öne çıkmak için yüksek bütçeler ayırmaya başlamıştı.
ABD’de uzay çalışmaları, sivil ve askeri çalışmalar olarak ikiye ayrılabilir. Sivil uzay çalışmalarının büyük kısmını NASA, askeri Uzay çalışmalarının büyük bir kısmını ise DoD (Department of Defense) altında Hava Kuvvetleri yürütmektedir. NASA ayrıca bugüne kadar pek çok insanlı ve insansız uçuş programı gerçekleştirdi. İnsansız uçuş programları kapsamında bilimsel ve iletişim amaçlı ilk Amerikan uydularını yörüngeye oturttu. İnsanlı uçuş programı kapsamındaysa ilk defa Amerikalı astronotları Alçak Dünya yörüngesi’ne yolladı. 1969 – 1972 yılları arasında Apollo Projesi kapsamında Ay’a on iki astronot göndererek Sovyetler Birliği ile girdiği uzay yarışında öne geçmiş oldu.
NASA’nın “Dünya dışı yaşam” araştırması: Uzayın derinliklerinde neler var?
Öte yandan, NASA’nın çalışmaları sadece uydular ve insanlı – insansız uzay uçuşlarından ibaret değil… 1971’de başlatılan, ön çalışması 1960’lı yıllara dayanan projesi; “Dünya Dışı Akıllı Yaşam Araştırması” SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence), “Dünya dışı bir uygarlıktan veya başka bir gezegenden gelen mesajların varlığının saptanması ve saptanması halinde incelenmesi” amacını taşıyor.
Zorluklarına rağmen 1974’de gökbilimci Frank Drake ve meslektaşları, Porto Riko’ya yerleştirilen Arecibo radyo teleskopuyla Dünya’dan uzaya mesaj gönderdiler. Bu ilk mesajda, kimyasallara ve DNA’ya dair bilgiler, güneş sisteminin kabataslak bir haritası ve insan resimleri bulunuyordu. 1’lerden ve 0’lardan oluşan mesaj 25 bin ışık yılı uzağa 300 bin yıldıza yollandı. Bu çabalar sürerken, 1992 yılına gelindiğinde, Senatör Richard Bryan, “Milyonlarca dolar harcandı ama hâlâ bir tane yeşil yaratık yakalayamadık” diyerek programın sonlanmasına öncülük etti ve ilgili projenin bitmesine sebep oldu.
Kaynak yetersizliği nedeniyle bir süre durdurulan SETI projesi ise 2012 yılında yeniden faaliyete geçti. NASA, Samanyolu’nda dünyaya benzer, yaşanabilir gezegen arayan Kepler adlı uzay teleskopuyla çalışmalarına özel sektörün de katkılarıyla devam etti.
NASA’nın trilyon dolarlık bütçesi
“Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay Dairesi” NASA’nın şimdiye kadar yaptığı uzay çalışmaları ve diğer araştırmaların ABD’ye milyarlarca dolarlık maliyeti söz konusu olmuştur. NASA tarihindeki Apollo, Skylab, uzay mekiği programları ciddi harcamalar gerektirmiştir.
NASA, Amerika’da ve farklı ülkelerdeki araştırma merkezleriyle ve 18 bin civarındaki çalışanıyla yaklaşık 20 milyar dolarlık bir harcama yapmaktadır. NASA’ya ayrılan bütçe son yıllarda Amerikan federal bütçesinin %0,50’sini alırken, 1966’daki Apollo Programı için bütçenin federal bütçedeki payı %4,41’e çıkmıştır.
NASA’nın 2014 bütçesi, 17.65 milyar dolar olurken; 2015’te 17.46 milyar dolar olarak belirlenen bütçeye 530 milyon dolar eklenerek 17.99 milyar dolara tamamlanmıştır.
Amerika’nın 2017 mali yılı bütçe planında, NASA’ya yaklaşık 19 milyar dolarlık bütçe ayrılmış olup bu bütçenin 5.6 milyar dolarlık kısmı bilim bölümüne, 8.4 milyar dolarlık kısmı ise insanlı keşif programlarına ayrılmıştır. Kuruluşundan bu yana NASA’nın harcamalarının bugünkü toplam tutarı 1 trilyon doların üzerindedir.
Diğer taraftan, yapılan araştırmalar NASA’nın yüksek bütçesinin kamuoyu nezdinde eleştirilere maruz kaldığını ortaya koyuyor. 1978 – 1999 yılları arasında yapılan bir araştırmaya göre, Amerikalıların yüzde 75’i konu hakkında pek bilgi sahibi olmasa da olumlu düşüncelere sahip olduğunu, yüzde 20’nin altındaki kişiler ise olumsuz izlenime sahip olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bununla birlikte çoğu Amerikalının NASA’yla ilgili birbirleriyle çelişen ve zamanla değişen fikirleri bulunmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılanlar, NASA çalışmalarının önemli olduğunu düşündüklerini belirtseler de devlete ait paranın başka programlara harcanması gerektiğini söylemektedirler.
NASA çalışmalarına eleştirel yaklaşımlar
Uzay araştırmaları ve Dünya dışı yaşam üzerine çalışmalar sürerken bu konuya gelen eleştirel yaklaşımlar da bulunuyor. York Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Kültürel Antropoloji ve Sosyal Psikoloji bölümünden Rayna Elizabeth Slobodian, “Uzay Kolonizasyonu ve Ölümsüzlüğü Satmak: Mars’da Kolonizasyon Telaşının Psikososyal, Antropolojik Bir Eleştirisi” başlıklı makalesinde “Dünya dışı yaşam” projeleri ve bu konuda harcanan milyarlarca dolarla ilgili tartışmalara dikkat çekiyor.
Slobodian “Mars’a gitme isteğinin başlangıç noktası, kendi kendine yetebilecek, kendi yiyeceğini üretebilecek, başka bir gezegende kalıcı bir hayat kurabilmek” derken, genç bilim insanlarının ise, insanlığı kurtarmak için Dünya üzerindeki sorunların üzerinde çalışmak, çözümler bulmak yerine, Ay’ı ya da Mars’ı kullanarak insanlığı kurtarma hayallerini körüklediğini belirtiyor.
50. Kuruluş yılına ilişkin yayınladığı tarihçesinde uzay araştırmalarının nedenini yalnızca insanlığın “keşfetme” arzusuna dayandıran NASA’nın “kalıcı hayat” hayalleri ile süslenen derin uzay araştırma çalışmaları ve ilgili bütçenin yüksekliği bilimsel çalışmalara da konu olarak kamuoyunda tartışılmaya devam ediyor.
Kaynaklar:
Dick, SJ 2008, 50 Years of NASA History, <https://www.nasa.gov/50th/50th_magazine/historyLetter.html>.
Ehlmann, B.L., Chowdhury, J., Marzullo, T.C., Collins, R.E., Litzenberger, J., Ibsen, S., Krauser, W.R., DeKock, B., Hannon, M., Kinnevan, J. and Shepard, R., 2005. Humans to Mars: A feasibility and cost–benefit analysis. Acta astronautica, 56(9), pp.851-858.
Park, K., 2001. World Almanac and Book of Facts 2002. Turtleback.
Launius, R.D., 2003. Public opinion polls and perceptions of US human spaceflight. Space Policy, 19(3), pp.163-175.
NASA, 2016. NASA FY 2017 Budget Request <https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/fy_2017_nasa_agency_fact_sheet.pdf>
Slobodian, R.E., 2015. Selling space colonization and immortality: A psychosocial, anthropological critique of the rush to colonize Mars. Acta Astronautica, 113, pp.89-104.
Steinberg, A., 2011. Space policy responsiveness: The relationship between public opinion and NASA funding. Space Policy, 27(4), pp.240-246.
Wikipedia, 2017, Budget of NASA, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget_of_NASA><|endoftext|>Bu yarışmacının performansını beğendiniz mi?
Mou, Van Gaal'dan korkmuyor
Portekizli çalıştırıcı, Manchester United'ın Van Gaal seçimiyle doğru kararı verdiğine inanıyor.
20.07.2014 17:45
Chelsea Teknik Direktörü Jose Mourinho, Louis Van Gaal'ın Manchester United'ın başına geçmesinden dolayı bir endişe duymadığını belirtti.Barcelona'da 3 sene boyunca Hollandalı teknik adam ile birlikte çalışan Mourinho, Mail on Sunday'e verdiği demeçte, "Burada olmasıyla ilgili bir endişem yok. Basın toplantısında onu izledim. Dürüst ve dobra... Tam olması gerektiği gibiydi." şeklinde konuştu.Old Trafford ekibinin aradığı kanı bulduğunu düşünen Portekizli antrenör, "O, çok çok iyi bir hoca. Manchester United'ın aradığı kişiydi. Biz bunun için doğmuş insanlarız. Louis, Dünya Kupası'ndaki açık ara en iyi teknik direktördü." ifadelerini kullandı.Çok iyi birer arkadaş olduklarını de ekleyen Mou, "Bu adama çok derin saygı duyuyorum. Kariyerinin şu an zirvesinde. Her kazanılan tecrübe ile onu daha da ileriye taşıyor." dedi.İki teknik adam ilk olarak Old Trafford'da 26 Ekim'de karşı karşıya gelecek.<|endoftext|>آزاد نکردن منی چه عوارضی دارد؟
عدم تخلیه اسپرم یا آزاد نکردن مایع منی، معمولاً بی ضرر است، اما باز هم خطرات ناشی از آن به علت آزاد نکردن منی بستگی دارد. برخی از انواع عملکرد جنسی می تواند باعث عدم تخلیه اسپرم و منجر به ناباروری شود. برای کسب اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد اهمیت انزال، مسائل احتمالی و برخی از گزینه های درمانی، این مقاله را بخوانید.
چرا انزال مهم است؟
انزال به بیرون راندن منی از بدن گفته می شود. به طور معمول، تحریک جنسی باعث تحریک سیستم عصبی مرکزی تا حد ارگاسم می شود. در طی این فرآیند، اسپرم از بیضه ها از طریق اپیدیدیم و به داخل مجاری دفع می شود. سپس، از طریق مجاری انزال پروستات، و مخلوط شدن با مایع منی، به مجرای ادرار وارد می شود. انقباض عضلات لگن این مایعات را که اکنون مایع منی نامیده می شود را از نوک آلت تناسلی مرد تخلیه می کند. عوامل مختلفی می توانند از تحریک منجر به انزال جلوگیری کنند. دلایل پیشگیری کننده از انزال می تواند عمدی یا غیر عمدی باشد.
جلوگیری عمدی از انزال
بعضی از افراد ترجیح می دهند مثلاً هنگام لبه زدن، انزال خود را به تأخیر بیندازند ،. لبه زدن هنگامی است که فرد تحریکات جنسی را تقریباً تا حد ارگاسم ایجاد می کند اما درست قبل از وقوع متوقف می شود. بعید است لبه ها باعث ایجاد مشکلات سلامتی شوند. در موارد نادر، می تواند باعث پرفشاری خون اپیدیدیم شود. افراد دیگر عمداً از انزال جلوگیری می کنند، مانند کسانی که تائوئیسم را انجام می دهند.
ممکن است در افراد شرایطی وجود داشته باشد که از خروج اسپرم از بدن جلوگیری کند یا به دلایل مختلف چه به صورت موقت و چه به طور دائمی ترجیح دهند انسداد را مسدود کنند.
افراد ممکن است انزال را در حین لبه زدن به تعویق بیندازند، این یک روش برای جلوگیری از ارگاسم در هنگام استمناء یا رابطه جنسی است. طبق نظر انجمن بین المللی پزشکی جنسی (ISSM)، برای برخی از افراد، این حرکت، ممکن است احساس ارگاسم را شدیدتر و لذت بخش تر کند.
با لبه، فرد به حدی تحریک جنسی خود را ادامه می دهد که منجر به ارگاسم شود. سپس آنها تحریک را کاهش می دهند تا از ارگاسم جلوگیری کنند، سپس آن را افزایش می دهند تا دوباره به ارگاسم نزدیک شوند. آنها می توانند این چرخه را تا زمانی که بخواهند ارگاسم کنند ادامه دهند. همچنین ممکن است افراد برای کمک به مدیریت انزال زودرس از لبه استفاده کنند.
حتی برخی از مردان احتمال دارد، احتباس مایع منی را به عنوان بخشی از رابطه جنسی تانتریک انجام دهند. برخی از تکنیک ها ممکن است شامل ارگاسم بدون انزال باشد، مانند Karezza. این روش بر تنفس، مراقبه و برخی از وضعیت ها و روش ها متمرکز است. هدف ایجاد یک ارگاسم بدون انزال، برای حفظ فعالیت جنسی است.
اختلال عملکرد جنسی
در موارد دیگر، شرایط پزشکی می تواند از انزال جلوگیری کند. به عنوان مثال، آسیب عصبی می تواند باعث تاخیر در انزال شود. مرد هایی که دچار انزال تأخیری هستند در یک زمان معقول دچار مشکل یا ناتوانی در انزال می شوند. به عنوان مثال، انژالاسیون مرحله ای است که افراد کاملاً قادر به تخلیه منی نیستند. افراد مبتلا به این بیماری هنوز هم می توانند اسپرم تولید کرده و ارگاسم را تجربه کنند، با این حال، آنها نمی توانند انزال کنند.
انژالاسیون دامنه تحریک کننده هایی دارد، از آسیب های لگن گرفته تا ابتلا به عفونت ها می توانند منجر به وقوع آن شوند. این شرایط می تواند منجر به ناباروری بدون درمان شود.
انزال رتروگراد جایی است که برخی یا تمام اسپرم ها به جای خارج شدن از آلت تناسلی، وارد مثانه می شوند. این بیماری همچنین می تواند منجر به ناباروری شود، اما موارد بعدی بعید است. انزال رتروگراد بعضی اوقات به دلیل عوارض جانبی برخی داروها مانند تامسولوزین است. این یک بیماری بی ضرر است اما ممکن است در برخی افراد باعث نگرانی شود.
علائم انزال رتروگراد می تواند شامل موارد زیر باشد:
- ادرار ابری، به دلیل وجود مایع منی
- ارگاسم خشک، جایی که مردم هنوز احساس لذت می کنند اما منی را کمی دفع می کنند و حتی هیچ منی را دفع نمی کنند.
آسیب به عضلات یا اعصاب در ناحیه لگن می تواند باعث انزال برگشتی شود. علل می تواند شامل موارد زیر باشد:
- دیابت
- اسکلروز چندگانه
- مسدود کننده های آلفا
- جراحی روی مثانه یا غده پروستات
پزشکان برای مدیریت انزال عقب مانده باید بر روی مسئله اساسی تمرکز کنند. انزال رتروگراد برای سلامتی فرد مضر نیست، اما بر قدرت باروری تأثیر می گذارد. بازیابی اسپرم از ادرار برای درمان های باروری برای افرادی که کودک بیولوژیکی می خواهند یک گزینه باشد.
عوارض جانبی عدم انزال
عوارض جانبی عدم انزال به علت آن و شخص بستگی دارد. افرادی که ترجیح می دهند انزال نکنند، عوارض جانبی مضر را تجربه می کنند. در این شرایط بدن اسپرم های استفاده نشده را تجزیه می کند. با گذشت زمان، عدم انزال باعث مشکلات روانی می شود. به عنوان مثال، افرادی که دارای اختلالات جنسی هستند و توانایی انزال را تحت تأثیر قرار می دهند، ممکن است دچار پریشانی یا خجالت شوند. همچنین عدم انزال می تواند منجر به مشکلات رابطه ای شود. این مشکلات می تواند به مشکلات سلامت روان، مانند افسردگی یا اضطراب اختلالات منجر شود.
درمان عدم انزال
عدم انزال در همه افراد نیازی به درمان ندارند. اما چندین روش درمانی برای افراد مبتلا به اختلالات جنسی وجود دارد که بسته به علت آن ها از انزال جلوگیری می کند. بسیاری از عوامل محرک، عوامل روان شناختی هستند که در این شرایط افراد ممکن است از روان درمانی یا مشاوره بهره مند شوند. این جلسات ممکن است فرد را به تنهایی یا با شریک زندگی خود برطرف کند. برخی از علت های عدم انزال
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çalışmalarının başlatıldığı kaydedildi.<|endoftext|>اهمیت یادگیری زبان چینی
آموزشگاه زبان ایران آکسفورد اهمیت یادگیری زبان چینی و هم چنین امتیازز هایی که یک شخص مسلط به زبان چینی در محیط کار و دنیای امروز دارد را بارها برای زبان آموزان شروح و توضیح داده است. امروز به چند مورد از مهم ترین موارد ان اشاره می کنیم.
اهمیت یادگیری زبان چینی چیست؟
۱- چینی زبانی است که بیش ترین گویشور را دارد
اگر شما در سنگاپور زندگی می کنید، یادگیری زبان چینی مهم است. سنگاپور یکی از کشورهایی است که در حکمِ گسترشِ مِلک سریع ترین شکوفایی را دارد، و بیش ترین توسعه دهنده ها اهل چین هستند. چرا زبانی را یاد نگیرید که آن ها بهتر متوجه می شوند؟
۲- چینی زبان جهانگردی و تجاری است
هر روز، ما به طور مدام با محصولاتی روبه رو می شویم که در چین ساخته شده اند. در واقع، بازار چین تمام جهان را گرفته است. اگر شما به دنبال این هستید تا به بهترین محصولاتِ چین دسترسی پیدا کنید، چرا زبان چینی یاد نگیرید؟ دوماً، گردشگران زیادی در سنگاپور هستند که اهل چین هستند. اگر شما در صنعت جهانگردی به فعالیت مشغول هستید، صحبت و فهم مقداری از زبان بومی آن ها همیشه چیز خوبی است.
۳- برای فهم فرهنگ و تاریخ چین
اگر شما به یادگیری و دانش بیش تر درباره ی فرهنگ و تاریخ چین علاقه دارید، باید اصول زبان را بیاموزید. به محض این که شما آن را انجام دادید، قادر خواهید بود تا بیش تر با تاریخ چینی ارتباط پیدا کنید و ارتباطات بهتری را با مردمی با پس زمینه ی چینی داشته باشید.
۴- حالتی از تمرین برای مغز است
بر مبنای تعدادی از تحقیقات، یادگیری زبان چینی از آن قسمت از مغز بهره می برد که معمولاً موقع یادگیریِ هر زبان دیگری استفاده نمی شود. از آن جا که چینی به دلیل اصوات و کاراکترهایش زبان سختی است، شما در مقایسه با یادگیری هر زبان دیگری بیش تر از مغز خود استفاده خواهید کرد. گفته می شود مردمی که زبان ماندارین را می آموزند از هر دو لوب گیجگاهی راست و چپ استفاده می کنند در حالی که گویشوران انگلیسی فقط از آخری استفاده می کنند. اگر برنامه ی شما یادگیری زبان نوشتاری چینی است، تشخیص بصری و مهارت های محرکی خود را به خوبی تقویت خواهید کرد. این باعث می شود تا ذهن شما در طول روز بهتر کار کند، و همیشه تیزبین و هشیار باشید. در مجموع گفته می شود که مردم دو زبانه در مقایسه با آن هایی که فقط به یک زبان صحبت می کنند در چند کاره بودن بهتر هستند.<|endoftext|>30412 - MACHINE LEARNING
Course taught in English
Go to class group/s: 25
For an effective learning experience, it is recommended a basic knowledge of Python programming, elementary calculus and linear algebra, probability and statistics.
Machine learning is an exciting and fast-moving field of computer science with many applications such as computer vision, speech recognition, biology and medicine (e.g., predicting protein-protein interactions, predicting proteins’ 3D structure), finance, and many consumer applications such as recommending music and movies, and drive autonomous cars. This course provides an introduction to the theoretical foundations and practical algorithms of modern machine learning.
- Introduction to the main Machine Learning problems and frameworks.
- Supervised learning: linear regression, logistic regression, generative learning algorithms, kernel methods, SVM, decision trees
- Neural Networks and backpropagation
- Bias-variance tradeoff, model selection
- Unsupervised learning: Principal Component Analysis, hierarchical clustering, k-means
- Basics of Reinforcement learning
- Implementing Machine Learning Pipelines with sklearn
- State and use the basic results of statistical inference for data analysis.
- Distinguish and characterize the following basic machine learning problems: regression, classification, clustering, dimensionality reduction.
- Describe the basic conceptual ideas, strengths, and limitations of the different learning algorithms for the settings above.
- Evaluate the main trade-offs such as overfitting, and computational cost vs accuracy
- Implement end-to-end machine learning pipelines and rigorously evaluate their performance.
- Demonstrate the ability to cope with real-world data analysis and problem solving (managing, preprocessing and analyze real datasets).
- Face-to-face lectures
- Exercises (exercises, database, software etc.)
- Individual assignments
- Face-to-face lectures focus on the theoretical, methodological, and computational aspects of the topics covered by the course.
- In hands-on exercise sessions students will work on their laptops to implement solutions to relevant case studies. Students will use Python and common libraries such as scikit-learn.
- Individual assignments: each student is required to solve a machine learning problem and provide a written report and the related code.
|Continuous assessment||Partial exams||General exam|
The exam consists of a theory part and a problem solving project.
- The theory part consists in exercises and questions to be answered on paper, and is used to asses the "knowledge and understanding" learning objectives. This contributes to 50% of the final grade.
- The project consists in solving a practical ML problem, to be developed individually and described through a written report, which is evaluated by the instructors. This contributes to 50% of the final grade.
The individual project is used to asses the "applying knowledge and understanding" learning objectives. In order to pass the exam, students must achieve a passing grade in both the theory part and the project part.
- C.M. BISHOP, Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2006.
- T. HASTIE, R. TIBSHIRANI, J. FRIEDMAN, The Elements of Statistical Learning, Springer, 2009.
- K.P. Murphy, Machine learning: a probabilistic perspective, 2012.
- R.S. Sutton, Richard, A. G. Barto, Reinforcement learning: An introduction, 2018.<|endoftext|>By Dr Deborah Rechter.
The Jewish Museum of Australia's flagship exhibition Calling Australia Home tells the story of Jewish life in Australia since the arrival of the first Jewish convicts about the First Fleet in 1788.
It looks at the unique situation of Jews in this country through three lenses – migration and diversity, context and conditions, and community life; considers the successive waves of Jewish migration; and explores the impact of these demographic changes.
Many of the stories featured illustrate the intersection of Jewish culture and the Australia context and how these combined to shape our community today.
This catalogue serves as a memento of the exhibition, as well as a valuable resource for those seeking to understand the history of our community.<|endoftext|>سرویس مانیتورینگ
بی بی سی
منبع تصویر: Getty Images
همزمان با تشدید نظامی نیروهای طالبان در افغانستان، نقش ایران که گذشته شطرنجی با این گروه داشته است، اهمیت بیشتری یافته است.
ایران در حال حاضر خود را مدافع اقلیت شیعه در افغانستان معرفی می کند، اما در گذشته روابط فرهنگی و تاریخی متغیری با این کشور داشته است. همزمان ایران میزبان میلیون ها پناهنده افغان است و تعدادی از هزاره های شیعه این کشور را در قالب ارتش فاطمیون وارد جنگ داخلی سوریه کرده است.
دشمنی تاریخی طالبان با شیعیان و حامی آنها ایران بر روابط دو طرف سایه افکنده است. اما رابطه آنها بر اساس عمل گرایی و واقع گرایی باقی می ماند و ابعاد آن را منافع مادی و امنیتی در مناطق مرزی تعیین می کند.
گذشته ای پرتلاطم
در اوت 1998، صدها جنگجوی طالبان در مزار شریف توسط نیروهای ائتلاف شمالی تحت حمایت ایران کشته شدند. طالبان برای انتقام این شهر را به تصرف خود درآوردند و هزاران شهروند مزارشریف را که بیشتر آن ها هزاره بودند و همچنین 11 شهروند ایرانی را کشتند.
منبع تصویر: Getty Images
ایران که مصمم به جنگ به نظر می رسید، نیرویی متشکل از 70000 سرباز را به مرز اعزام کرد. طالبان سپس دروازههای بند کجکی بر روی رودخانه هرمند را بستند و در زمان خشکسالی میزان آب ورودی به ایران را به شدت کاهش دادند. خشکسالی و قطع آب توسط طالبان اکوسیستم دریاچه هامون را از بین برده است.
ایران در جریان حمله آمریکا به افغانستان به نیروهای آمریکایی کمک نظامی و اطلاعاتی کرد و در کنفرانسی که در سال 2002 در شهر بن آلمان برای بازسازی افغانستان برگزار شد، شرکت فعال داشت. در اکتبر 2002، یک سال پس از سقوط حکومت طالبان، دروازههای بند کجکی بار دیگر به روی ایران گشوده شد.
اما جوانه همکاری ایران و آمریکا علیه طالبان پس از آنکه آمریکا این کشور را یکی از اعضای محور شرارت معرفی کرد، خشک شد.
همکاری جدید
منبع تصویر: Getty Images
مرز متخلخل ایران با افغانستان تا حدودی رابطه این کشور با طالبان را مشخص کرده است. دهانه های این مرز گذرگاه مهاجران، مواد مخدر، گروه های مسلح و آب است. دو رودخانه مهم هیرمند و هریرود از افغانستان وارد ایران می شوند. خسارت اصلی اختلال جریان آب بر ساکنان پایین دست این رودخانه ها در ایران تأثیر می گذارد.
پس از سقوط طالبان، تلاش های دولت جدید افغانستان برای توسعه زیرساخت های آبی کشور به تهدیدی جدید برای ایران تبدیل شده است. سد کمال خان یکی از این پروژهها است که بر روی رودخانه هیرمند ساخته شد و در ماه مارس در میان نگرانیهای گسترده فعالان و مقامات ایرانی افتتاح شد.
مقامات افغانستان و آمریکا بارها ایران به ویژه سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی را به حمایت مالی و تسلیحاتی از طالبان متهم کرده اند. موفقیت ایران با این حمایت ها، اختلال در اجرای پروژه هایی است که کنترل افغانستان بر میزان آب ورودی به ایران را افزایش می دهد.
ببینید: آیا ایران از طالبان در افغانستان حمایت می کند؟
برای خواندن این فایل، لطفا جاوا اسکریپت را فعال کنید یا از مرورگر دیگری استفاده کنید.
همکاری امنیتی ایران و طالبان نیز ناشی از دشمنی مشترک آنها با نیروهای ائتلاف است و ایالات متحده و بریتانیا این کشور را به تسلیح این گروه متهم کرده اند.
افزایش همکاری
پس از ظهور دولت اسلامی در افغانستان در سال 2015، ایران همکاری خود را با طالبان تقویت کرد تا از مرزهای خود محافظت کند. بخش هایی از مناطق مرزی دو کشور در اختیار این گروه است. در عین حال این همکاری پنهانی به گسترش روابط دیپلماتیک انجامید.
محدودیتهای روابط طالبان با ایران زمانی مشخص شد که ملا اختر منصور، رهبر این گروه، در حمله پهپاد آمریکایی هنگام بازگشت از ایران به پاکستان در ماه می 2016 کشته شد.
ایران اولین بار در اواخر سال 2018 پذیرفت که میزبان نمایندگان طالبان بوده است. به گفته این کشور، دولت افغانستان در این نشست ها شرکت کرده و هدف از این گفت وگوها را «حل مشکلات امنیتی در افغانستان» اعلام کرده است.
پس از توافق سال 2020 میان طالبان و آمریکا برای خروج نیروهای این کشور از افغانستان، ایران از واشنگتن انتقاد کرد که مذاکرات بین دولت افغانستان و طالبان را دوست ندارد. اما محمدجواد ظریف، وزیر امور خارجه کشور در یک سخنرانی عمومی اعلام کرد که «طالبان قطعا بخشی از آینده افغانستان هستند، اما نه همه چیز».
الان رابطه چطوره؟
بیشتر رسانه های ملی ایران نسبت به احیای مجدد ارتش طالبان و شبح بازگشت این گروه به قدرت ابراز نگرانی کرده اند.
موضع علنی دیپلمات های ایرانی به تاکید بر کاهش درگیری و بازگشت به دیپلماسی در افغانستان و البته مقصر دانستن سیاست های آمریکا محدود شده است.
اما برخی رسانه های تندرو وابسته به سپاه برعکس این را می گویند. خبرگزاری تسنیم نه تنها ماهیت میانه رو طالبان را برجسته کرد، بلکه اسنادی از مقامات ارشد طالبان در محکومیت فرقه گرایی در افغانستان منتشر کرد.
به عنوان مثال، ذبیح الله مجاهد سخنگوی طالبان به این خبرگزاری گفت: “ما به برادران شیعه خود قول می دهیم که هیچ تبعیضی علیه آنها اعمال نشود و اجازه نمی دهیم چنین اتفاقی بیفتد. تولید کنید.”
این منابع به عنوان چهره عمومی روابط بلندمدت بین ارگان های امنیتی ایران و طالبان دیده می شوند.
طالبان همچنین لحنی آشتی جویانه نسبت به بیشتر رسانه های ایرانی اتخاذ کرده است. مجاهد در مصاحبه اخیر خود با خبرگزاری ایلنا گفت: جنگ داخلی و نداشتن تجربه باعث شد این گروه نتواند در دوران حکومتش بر افغانستان روابط خوبی با ایران برقرار کند. به گفته وی، طالبان در حال «تغییر رفتار» هستند و اکنون با نادر روابط ایران و طالبان در سال 2000 بسیار متفاوت است.
اگرچه توصیف روابط ایران و طالبان به دلیل تغییر منافع هر دو طرف آسان نیست، اما واضح است که هر دو در حال آماده شدن برای بازگشت طالبان به قدرت در افغانستان هستند که بسیار محتمل است.
ببینید: تیراندازی امید; حملات هدفمند در افغانستان
برای خواندن این فایل، لطفا جاوا اسکریپت را فعال کنید یا از مرورگر دیگری استفاده کنید.
حبیب حسینی فرد روزنامه نگار
منبع تصویر: Getty Images
با گذشت یک سال از به قدرت رسیدن غافلگیرکننده طالبان در افغانستان، نه تنها امیدی که جمهوری اسلامی ایران از رابطه با این نیرو داشت محقق نشد، بلکه مشکلات و پیچیدگی های بیشتری در روابط تهران و طالبان ایجاد شد. .
بی ثباتی، تنش و جنگ داخلی در افغانستان اکنون به 45 سال نزدیک می شود. کودتای نیروهای چپ در بهار 1357 و درگیری و آشتی شدید قدرت های رقیب در دوران جنگ سرد در صحنه افغانستان که پس از این کودتا صورت گرفت، مصادف با عصر جمهوری اسلامی ایران بود.
البته هیچ ارتباط نزدیکی بین آغاز تنش ها در افغانستان و استقرار جمهوری اسلامی وجود نداشت، حتی اگر برخی تحلیل های بحث برانگیز در آن زمان حاکی از استقرار یک نیروی اسلامی در ایران عمداً یا غیرعمدی به نفع تسهیل گری باشد. کار غرب در برخورد با اتحاد جماهیر شوروی، از جمله در آنها افغانستان و تضعیف و مهار این ابرقدرت رقیب را بهترین و سختترین ممکن میدانستند.
واقعیت غیرقابل انکار این است که جمهوری اسلامی (دولت ایران) از بدو پیدایش تاکنون روابط تیرهای با بخش قابل توجهی از جهان (اروپا و آمریکا) داشته است، اما با همسایهاش از شرق نیز روابط دشواری داشته است. همسایه ای که بی ثباتی آن حوزه های مختلف اجتماعی، اقتصادی و امنیتی ایران را در جهات مختلف تحت تاثیر قرار داده است.
رویکرد ایران در 25 سال اول بیثباتی در افغانستان، یعنی تا حمله آمریکا به آن کشور و سرنگونی طالبان در سال 2001، به دلایل مختلف، ابتکار عمل و نقشآفرینی مؤثری از خود نشان نداده است. بیشتر ارتجاعی تا فعال
خصومت ایدئولوژیک طالبان و جمهوری اسلامی (تحریرهای متمرکز و رادیکال دو شاخه مختلف در داخل اسلام) و همچنین نفوذ شدید طالبان بر قدرتهای منطقهای رقیب جمهوری اسلامی ایران، عموماً شرایطی را ایجاد کرد که باید منجر میشد. تا سقوط طالبان در سال 2001. در کابل، رضایت عمیق دولت ایران را به ارمغان بیاورید.
با سقوط طالبان و سقوط یکی دیگر از دشمنان ایران، یعنی رژیم صدام حسین در عراق طی دو سال بعد، این «واقعیت تلخ» برای تهران رقم خورد که عملاً آمریکا یا «شیطان بزرگ» را به خاطر آن ساخت. حضور نظامی آن در افغانستان و عراق به همسایه فوری ایران تبدیل شده است. جمهوری اسلامی از این پس سیاست دوگانه ای را در دو کشور مذکور پیش می برد. از یک سو برقراری ارتباط کم و بیش نزدیک با دولت های جدید در قدرت در این کشورها و از سوی دیگر برقراری ارتباط و کمک به شبه نظامیان ضد آمریکایی برای حفظ فشار و تنش خاصی بر نیروهای آمریکایی در به امید وادار کردن آنها به ترک این دو کشور. .
در عراق رابطه و وابستگی تهران به شبهنظامیان شیعه بیسابقه بود، یعنی در زمان جنگ با رژیم صدام، اما در افغانستان، جمهوری اسلامی اکنون باید با طالبان همکاری و هماهنگی داشته باشد، نیرویی که تا سرنگونی رهبری در سال 2011 دشمن خطرناکی برای تهران محسوب میشد، اما اکنون فرصت «مبارزه با دشمن مشترک (آمریکا)» مستلزم هماهنگی و همراهی با او بود.
از دشمنی تا رابطه عجولانه
علاوه بر “راحتی و منافع مشترک” رویارویی با آمریکا، موقعیت نسبتاً شکننده دولت جدید پس از طالبان در افغانستان که دیدگاه مثبتی نسبت به جمهوری اسلامی نداشت و همچنین این واقعیت که طالبان علی رغم سرنگونی آنها بخشی از واقعیت جامد جامعه افغانستان است و می توان به نحوی نقش مهمی در صحنه سیاسی افغانستان به دست آورد و همچنین نیاز به حذف طالبان از نفوذ یکجانبه رقبای منطقه ای ایران (پاکستان، عربستان سعودی) این نیرو برای جمهوری اسلامی و پایگاه عقیدتی و اجتماعی آن «توجیه و ضروری» تلقی می شد، پیوندی که با «اقدام ایجابی» تهران مبنی بر انعطاف مرزها برای فرار برخی از مقامات عالی کشور آغاز می شود. طالبان و متحدان آنها از افغانستان در جریان حمله آمریکا. این امر بعداً منجر به همکاری و گسترش ارتباطات در سایر زمینه ها می شود.
البته در 10 تا 15 سال اول تأسیس حکومت پس از طالبان در افغانستان، ایران بارها هرگونه رابطه با طالبان را تکذیب می کرد، اما از سال 2011 جزئیات اطلاعات مربوط به این رابطه که به بیرون درز کرد، آنقدر قوی بود که به سادگی قابل اثبات نبود. تکذیب کرد. به ویژه پس از اردیبهشت 1395 و ترور ملا اختر منصور، رهبر وقت طالبان در حمله هواپیماهای بدون سرنشین آمریکایی، دیگر این تکذیب کار آسانی نبود. پس از کشته شدن منصور و مصادره پاسپورت وی توسط مقامات آمریکایی، مشخص شد که وی با همان پاسپورت جعلی دو ماه در ایران بوده است. وزارت خارجه ایران بار دیگر تلاش کرد آن را تکذیب کند، اما رسانههای اصولگرا نوشتند که «ملا اختر منصور دو ماه، نزدیک به یک هفته، قبل از
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ensure that your soil has all the nutrients required for the proper growth of the plant. If there is a deficiency, add fertilizers. With little care, you can enjoy tasty, healthy and nutritious homegrown carrots, which are far better than the carrots you find in the market. Always avoid over-fertilization, as this might ruin the flavor of the carrots. Remember to water your plants properly after you add fertilizers.
About The Author: Alia is a blogger by profession. She loves writing on luxury and Designer Rugs. Beside this she is very particular about her fitness and exercise daily to stay in shape. She frequently writes articles related to plastic pollution for her blog Ecofriend.
Unfortunately we do not have no where near the preferred climate to grow tomatoes. We have extremely mild temperatures with summer maximum average high of 78°F and maximum average lows of 59°F. Take that with our very short window of consistent rain (bringing blight) tomato plants are lucky to even be surviving when planted in our area let alone have a tremendous yield, though with a little planning and care you can be eating delicious tomatoes from your garden.
1. Pick the right variety. You want to choose a plant that has has a low number of days to maturity. Given we have a very short growing season this can significantly improve your chances of growing some ripe red tomatoes. Some good examples of tomato varieties to try followed by the average days to maturity Early Girl (52), Goliath (60), Juliet (60), Oregon Spring (58), Sugary (62), or Sunsugar (62). You may also want to consider growing smaller tomato varieties such as cherry or globe which can be beneficial given the smaller the fruit the shorter amount of time is takes to ripen which could allow you to harvest your tomatoes before the rains along with the diseases.
2. Start with big plants. Paying a couple dollars more on your tomato plants can shave off a 2-3 weeks off your “days to maturity” number so go for the largest plant you can afford. On a budget (or just cheap like myself) plant your seeds early and make use of a greenhouse or grow box to make your own more mature tomato plants and save yourself a considerable amount of money. If you do purchase a larger plant, don’t be in a hurry to get it into the ground…let they nursery keep it alive for you until you have optimum environment to plant it in your garden.
3. Plant at the right time. Even more important that the air temperature is the temperature of the soil you can actually plant tomatoes with a soil temperature of 50°F but the closer you can get to 60°F the better your plants will respond. When it comes to measuring your soil temperature you can use a standard inexpensive soil thermometer but personally I just use my handy digital grill thermometer and if you are concerned about using the same probe in your meat than your dirt you can always pickup a extra temperature probe.
4. Work in the trenches. The temperature of the soil can vary by 5-10°F as you dig deeper into the soil. By planting your tomato plants in a trench no only do you get the benefits of a larger root but also a root system much closer to the surface of the soil which can provide several additional degrees to your advantage. One disadvantage to this method is you do need to be diligent with your watering due since the ground will obviously dry out on the area closest to the surface.
The process for planting trenched tomato plants is very simple. Dig a shallow trench about an inch lower than the root ball. Lay the plant on its side removing an stems that are about to be buried. Cover with soil and pack down lightly and use some sticks to help support the plants until they get adapted to their new orientation. Unless it is pouring down rain when you plant them like I did be sure to water your plants well after planting.
5. Keep your plants warm. As mentioned before the temperatures are almost ever warm enough but fortunately there are a few products to help out a little for this:
|These Red Tomato Teepees are simply filled with water and absorb heat during the day and then slowly release it during the night and is advertised to help bring you yields up to 6 week earlier than without them. This provides more adequate temperatures for your plants and also some insurance for cold spring mornings. These are fairly inexpensive and can easily be collapsed and stored away when not needed.|
|If you have a small number of plants to provide a little shelter you may want to consider a cold frame. These provide a few extra degrees of protecting during the cold nights but also protect the plants from high winds and hard rains. You can also use this as a little hot box for your peppers once your tomatoes are more established.|
|If you really want to go all out you can also consider soil warming cable this is simply a cable you bury into the ground and plug it in and will provide heat underground where the roots need it most. Now I will be the first to admit this may be more of an extreme measure for your tomato plants but if you are considering growing crops all year round this could be a good investment.|
6. Grow your tomatoes in upside down planters. One of the advantages of growing tomatoes upside down is the planter is exposed to the heat from the sun thus increasing the soils temperature providing better temperatures for the roots of your tomato plants to grow. Now whether you opt to make your own upside down planter or use one of the commercial versions such as the TopsyTurvy, this can be a great way to sneak your plants out at least a couple of weeks earlier.
7. Don’t let your tomato plants get wet. Living in the Northwest, rain happens and there is not much we can do about it. This moisture can spread disease and promote fungal growth so the less moisture you can get on your plants leaves the better. There are a few things you can do to reduce the amount of moisture on your plants. First, when watering your plants avoid getting water on the leaves. Simply water the soil right at the surface, this can be easily done with a soaker hose, long wand spray nozzle, or even a simple watering can. If you are experiencing some hard rains at the end of your season you may be able to delay blight by installing a slight overhang over your tomato plants. By taking some rigid clear plastic and installing over your plants you can reduce the amount of rain that falls directly on your plants while not inhibiting light getting to your plants.
8. Fertilize. Providing the right nutrients to the plants as they need them can help encourage their growth and provide vigorous plants in the shorter period of time. The problem with tomatoes is if you over fertilize your plants will simply grow larger and fail to produce fruit as can be seen from this tomato plant I had growing out of my compost bin.
I provide a weak balanced fertilizer such as alfalfa pellet applied every couple weeks to the top of the soil allowing them to break down and provide nutrients on each watering.
Once the plant begins to set flowers I switch to applying about a 1/4 cup of bone meal to each of the plants about every 3 weeks to allow the plants to get the phosphorous they need during for reproductive function at this this time.
9. Many plants with less tomatoes. The less tomatoes your plants has ripening on its vines the more energy it has to get them to that nice delicious red color for picking. By pinching off all the suckers not on the main vine you will get your tomatoes to ripen more quickly while taking less space. By doing this I can plant my tomatoes 18-24” apart allowing me to get a few extra plants in to make up for some of this lost yield ending up with less green tomatoes at the end of the season.
10. Get supermarket quality tomatoes from your garden. Of course tomatoes ripened on the vine will have the better taste but when your season runs out and your tomatoes are still green what can you do? One option is to take any flawless tomatoes (no bruises, no cracks) place them very gently in a cardboard box padded on bottom with newspaper and place in a cool humid location. You may also add a ripe banana to speed up the process by adding a little extra ethylene. If you are luck in a couple/few weeks you should have some red tomatoes.
If you have been growing organically for several years your garden is probably beaming with beneficial bacteria and various microorganisms. Though if you are just starting a garden using bags of sterilized soil/compost or are starting with soil that has undergone many decades of chemical fertilizers, John and Bob’s Grown Green might be just what you need.
The product comes in four parts: Optimize, Maximize, Penetrate, and Nourish.
Typically when I do a review I will include some of my own experiments to prove or disprove the products I am reviewing. Provided this is a product which can at least a few months to prove its effectiveness I will be doing the following experiment this spring/summer. My lawn contains very bad clay soil (thank you home developers) and is a challenge to keep life growing on it. This seems like a great challenge for the Grow Green products and will do a this half treated, this half treated with my normal alfalfa pellets and we will see which side thrives the most. Though my vegetable garden plots should have good number of microorganisms already established I will also use the product on half of one of these plots where I will be growing tomatoes and identify the benefits for a more established garden.
The great people at John and Bob’s Grown Green have also agreed to giveaway the same sample of the products I have pictured above with include all four Optimize, Maximize, Penetrate, and Nourish products.
There are multiple ways to enter:
- 1. Add a comment to this post
- 2. Like CheapVegetableGardener on Facebook (add an additional comment to the post)
- 3. Like this contest in facebook (add an additional comment to the post)
- 4. Mention this giveaway on your site/Twitter (add an additional comment to the post)
A winner will randomly be picked on 02/21/11.
When your fruiting plants are flowering and bearing fruit this is a good time to give them a little extra boost. Though you don’t want to throw any old fertilizer at them at this point. You want them to get the nutrients they need to produce high yields of produce, though you don’t want to shock them with an abundance of nitrogen to stimulate new vegetative growth when you would rather the plant expend its energy making you food.
The solution to this problem is to provide your plants with a low dose of balanced fertilizer. I couple of my favorites are compost and alfalfa pellets applied every couple weeks while the plants are blooming/fruiting. This ensures the plants have all the nutrients they be lacking without throwing the plant into a growth spurt.
If you have a little extra time take the compost and add some water and let it sit in the sun for several hours and water or spray onto the foliage for a great dose of compost tea.
If you forgot to apply a little bone meal when you planted your peppers/tomatoes this is also a good time to sprinkle a handful under your plants and work into the couple inches of soil to provide your plants with a boost of phosphorous and also a little calcium to help prevent blossom end rot.
Hopefully with these tips you can help your green tomatoes turn into bright delicious red tomatoes.
If you want to learn more about the chemistry of organic fertilizers I have a whole post on that subject
If I ask my four year old what it takes for a plant to grow she can quickly respond with response, “Sun, water, air, and soil” This is a great answer for photosynthesis since plants need energy from the sun. They leverage the carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and water (H2O) to create starches and sugar. Now the soil part of this answer is where things get a little more complicated. Soil gives plants the ability for roots to expand and grow but also provides many nutrients to help them as well.
Similar to humans, plants need various minerals to live healthy lives. The primary macronutrients Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) are required to sustain life. These are the nutrients that plants consume significant amounts which is why these are advertised in big letters on the outside of packages of fertilizer.
MACRONUTRIENTS – PRIMARY
|Nutrients||Benefits||Signs of Deficiency||Sources (N-P-K)|
|Nitrogen (N)||Provides energy to allow vegetative growth. Leafy plants can’t get enough, root plants need very little, fruiting plants need plenty in beginning but too much later in growth cycle will result in big/tall fruitless plants.||Light green to yellow leaves; growth stunted||Bloodmeal (14-0-0)
Alfalfa meal (7-3-4)
Soybean meal (6-1-2)
Cottonseed meal (6-2-2)
Fish emulsion (5-2-2)
Chicken Manure (3-4-3)
Cow Manure (.2-.2-.2)
|Phosphorus (P)||Makes plants more stress resistant, allows for fast growth, encourages bloom and root growth.||Red or Purple leaves; cell division slowed||Bonemeal (4-12-0)
Chicken Manure (3-4-3)
Alfalfa meal (7-3-4)
|Potassium (K)||Helps with photosynthesis process, immunities to disease, and increased quality of fruit.||Vigor reduced; susceptible to disease; thin skin; small fruits||Alfalfa meal (7-3-4)
Wood ash (0-1-3)
Chicken Manure (3-4-3)
We could live off a simple food like gummy bears for quite a while, but our quality life will decrease once we picked up scurvy and exhibit significant bone and muscle loss. The same idea goes for plants, they can live simply on the primary macronutrients but they will live poor and possibly fruitless (literally) lives. This is where the secondary nutrients come in. With the exception of Calcium, these are not consumed in nearly the volumes as the primary macronutrients though supplementation may be required.
MACRONUTRIENTS – SECONDARY
|Nutrients||Benefits||Signs of Deficiency||Sources|
Helps with cell wall structure imperative for strength of plants
|Growing points of plants damaged||Dolomitic limestone, gypsum, egg shells, antacids|
|Magnesium (Mg)||Required as part of the chlorophyll required for photosynthesis||Yield down; old leaves white or yellow||Epsom salt, Dolomitic limestone, organic material|
|Sulfur (S)||Required for to allow plants to create protein, enzymes, and vitamins. Helps with seed, root growth, and resistance to cold.||Light green to yellow leaves; growth stunted||Rainwater, gypsum|
Finally are the macronutrients, these are the nutrients that most of the time, as long as you are not growing with hydroponics. should exist in your soil and rarely need to be supplemented due to the small amounts that are consumed by plants, nevertheless are still very important for plant growth.
|Nutrients||Benefits||Signs of Deficiency||Sources|
|Boron (B)||Helps in production of sugar and carbohydrate
s. Essential for seed and fruit development.
|Small leaves; heart rot (corkiness); multiple buds||Organic Matter and borax|
|Copper (Cu)||Helps in plant reproduction||Multiple buds; gum pockets||Copper sulfate, neutral copper|
|Chloride (Cl)||Helps with plant metabolism||None known||Tap water|
|Iron (Fe)||Helps in formation of chlorophyll||Yellow leaves; veins remain green||Iron sulfate, iron chelate|
|Manganese (Mn)||Helps in breakdown of carbohydrates and nitrogen||Leaves mottled with yellow and white; growth stunted||Manganese sulfate, compost|
|Molybdenum (Mo)||Helps in breakdown of nitrogen||Varied symptoms||Sodium molybdate, compost|
|Zinc (Zn)||Regulates growth and consumption of sugars by the plant||Small, thin, and yellow leaves, low yield||zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc chelate|
Nutrient Deficiency Information from “The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible”
Now you are armed with plenty of information, though unfortunately you can not act on any of this without knowing the chemical composition of your soil. If you simply went by the signs of deficiency (for example yellow leaves) could be caused by one or many nutrient deficiencies. Fortunately you can get this information to act on by running a soil test on your soil. There are a couple options for this if you are simply concerned about primary macronutrients there are cheap DIY home tests, electronic testers, or you can send a sample to a soil lab to give primary/secondary macronutrient and micronutrient levels and recommendations to get your soil back on track. You may also want to check with your local municipal office they may have a cheaper/free option available to you.
Just remember, your perceived lack of a green thumb my have nothing to do with your ability but the chemistry of soil you are working with.<|endoftext|>"The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today cleared the expanded use of the Vidas Brahms PCT Assay to help health care providers determine if antibiotic treatment should be started or stopped in patients with lower respiratory tract infections, s"...
In vitro studies and in vivo pharmacologic studies have demonstrated that albuterol has a preferential effect on beta2-adrenergic receptors compared with isoproterenol. While it is recognized that beta2-adrenergic receptors are the predominant receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, data indicates that there is a population of beta2-receptors in the human heart existing in a concentration between 10% and 50%. The precise function of these receptors has not been established. (See WARNINGS).
The pharmacologic effects of beta-adrenergic agonist drugs, including albuterol, are at least in part attributable to stimulation through beta-adrenergic receptors on intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic-3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Increased cyclic AMP levels are associated with relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibition of release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.
Albuterol has been shown in most controlled clinical trials to have more effect on the respiratory tract, in the form of bronchial smooth muscle relaxation, than isoproterenol at comparable doses while producing fewer cardiovascular effects.
Albuterol is longer acting than isoproterenol in most patients by any route of administration because it is not a substrate for the cellular uptake processes for catecholamines nor for catechol-O-methyl transferase.
Preclinical:Intravenous studies in rats with albuterol sulfate have demonstrated that albuterol crosses the blood-brain barrier and reaches brain concentrations amounting to approximately 5.0% of the plasma concentrations. In structures outside the blood-brain barrier (pineal and pituitary glands), albuterol concentrations were found to be 100 times those in the whole brain.
Studies in laboratory animals (minipigs, rodents, and dogs) have demonstrated the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death (with histologic evidence of myocardial necrosis) when beta-agonists and methylxanthines were administered concurrently. The clinical significance of these findings is unknown.
Pharmacokinetics and Disposition: In a single-dose study comparing one 8 mg albuterol extended-release tablet with two 4 mg immediate-release albuterol tablets, USP in 17 normal adult volunteers, the extent of availability of albuterol extended-release tablets
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حن دلسوز، اما قوی استفاده کنید. در صورت فشار به دلیل، پاسخ دهید که آن را در برنامه شما مناسب نیست و موضوع را تغییر دهید. بیشتر افراد معقول این را به عنوان یک پاسخ قبول می کنند، بنابراین اگر کسی تحت فشار شما قرار بگیرد، آنها بی ادب هستند و به درستی تکرار می شود: "متاسفم، اما این فقط با برنامه من منطبق نیست" و تغییر موضوع، و یا حتی اگر شما می خواهید راه رفتن.
وقت خودت را بگذار
اگر شما ناراحت هستید که خیلی قوی هستید و یا با افراد متجاوز برخورد می کنید، خوب است که بگوئید «اجازه دهید من در مورد آن فکر کنم و به شما برگردم». این به شما امکان می دهد که برنامه خود را بررسی کنید و همچنین احساسات خود را در مورد گفتن "بله" به تعهد دیگری، تجزیه و تحلیل هزینه-سود را انجام دهید، و سپس با آنها بله یا نه. مهمتر از همه، این تاکتیک به شما کمک می کند تا خودتان را تحت تاثیر قرار دادن افکار و تمرکز بیش از اندازه بر فشار قرار دهید .
بگو بله به چیز دیگری
اگر واقعا میخواهید آنچه را که درخواست میکنید انجام دهید، اما وقت ندارید (یا مشکلی در پذیرش آن وجود ندارد)، خوب است بدانید که «من نمیتوانم این کار را انجام دهم، اما میتوانم ... "و اشاره به تعهد کمتر است که شما می توانید. به این ترتیب شما هنوز بخشی از آن را درگیر خواهید کرد، اما این امر به نفع شماست.
نکات:
- پایبند باشید - نه دفاعی و نه بیش از حد عذر خواهی - و مودبانه. این نشان می دهد که شما دلسوز هستید اما به راحتی ذهن خود را تحت فشار قرار دهید.
- واضح باش اگر تصمیم گرفتید فردی را که به آنها باز می گردید بگویید، حقیقتا مهم نیست و خیلی امیدوار کننده است. اگر مردم را به این باور برسانید که احتمالا بعدا "بله" می گویند، آنها بعدا "بیشتر" نا امید خواهند شد.
- بدون احتیاط لازم است اگر درخواستی برای توضیح داده شود، به یاد داشته باشید که شما واقعا هیچکسی را نباید بپذیرید. "این با برنامه من مناسب نیست" کاملا قابل قبول است.
- اولویت بندی به یاد داشته باشید که تنها چند ساعت در روز وجود دارد. این بدان معنی است که هر آنچه که انتخاب می کنید توانایی خود را برای انجام کارهای دیگر محدود می کند. بنابراین، حتی اگر شما به نوعی می تواند تعهد جدید را در برنامه خود قرار دهید، اگر مهم تر از آنچه شما مجبور به انجام آن هستید (از جمله زمان برای آرامش و مراقبت از خود )، شما واقعا در زمان ندارد زمان بندی شما.
- بیشتر بدانید. استراتژی های کشف و تحقیق برای پیدا کردن وقت اگر بیش از حد مشغول هستید . همچنین برای یادگیری مرزها به طور کلی مهم است.<|endoftext|>Filipinler'in hesaplı havayolu Cebu Pacific'te güvenlik bilgilerinin kadın hosteslerin dansı eşliğinde verilmesi 'cinsiyetçi' bulundu. Havayolları, artık dansa erkek steward'lar da dahil edecek.
Havayolunun, güvenlik uyarıları verilirken kadın kabin görevlilerine dans ettirmesi, 'cinsiyet ayrımı' yapıldığı gerekçesiyle eleştirilmişti. Gelen şikayetler üzerine, Cebu Pacific erkek kabin görevlileri de danslı güvenlik uyarıları uygulamasına dahil etti.
Kabin görevlileri, can simidi, oksijen maskesi ve acil çıkış kapısı anonslarını dans hareketleriyle birleştiriyor. Uçaklarda yapılan güvenlik uyarıları genellikle yolcular tarafından göz ardı ediliyor.
Cebu Pacific'in bu durumu değiştirmek için başlattığı danslı uygulamanın işe yaradığı anlaşılırken, hafta başında kadın kabin görevlileri tarafından Lady Gaga şarkıları eşliğinde yapılan güvenlik anonsu, YouTube'da 7 milyon kişi tarafından izlendi.
Kadınların siyasi partisi Gabriela, dans gösterisini "cinsiyetçi ve maço" olarak tanımlamıştı. Cebu Pacific havayolunun pazarlama müdür yardımcısı Candice Iyog, kabin görevlilerinin dans hareketlerini yapmaktan keyif aldığında ısrar ediyor.
Cebu Pacific'i de bünyesinde barındıran Cebu Air şirketi, 12 Ekim'de Filipinler'de yapılacak çok büyük çaplı tahvil satışı öncesinde, konumunu pekiştirmek istiyor.
Cebu Air şirketi, borsaya açılacak hisselerden 538 milyon dolar kazanmayı ve Singapur'un Tiger Airways ve Malezya'nın Air Asia havayollarıyla rekabet etmek için yeni uçaklar satın almayı umuyor.
Hesaplı havayolu şirketi Cebu Pacific, yemek ve battaniye verilmeyen uçuşlarını, hazine avı gibi canlı eğlencelerle çekici hale getirmeyi hedefliyor.
Filipinler'in hesaplı havayolu Cebu Pacific'te artık erkek kabin görevlileri de dans edecek.<|endoftext|>In my last post, I showed you how to create a Google calendar for the purpose of using it to keep track of homework. In this post, I’ll show you how to set up that calendar and record homework.
Open Google calendar. Click anywhere on today’s date, and a small box pops up so you can create a new event. I like to set these up so they match the student’s class schedule, so type “1 – Math” if the first period class is math. Then click “Edit Event.”
On the “Edit Event” screen, you have 2 areas to edit.
- Click the box that says “All day.” That takes away the time options, and also causes this event to show up at the top of the calendar, which is what we want. Next to it, click “Repeat” and from the “Repeats” dropdown, select “Every weekday (Monday to Friday).”
- Pick a color for that class. I use the same color coding system as I do for notebooks and folders, so I checked red for math. This adds an extra layer of visual cueing to the planner.
- Click Save.
When you’ve added repeating, all-day events for each academic class, your calendar will look like this.
That is the one-time setup part. Now you have your planner ready for the year or semester.
Using Your New Planner
Now it’s time to record an assignment. To write down tonight’s homework, click on the math line for today’s date, and click the “Edit Event” button.
Here is the Edit Event screen. It looks just like the screen where you created the event, right up until the last step. For a homework assignment, you should edit:
- The name of the assignment. You can do this right in the box with the subject name, so it’s visible when you look at the whole calendar.
- The location and/or description. This can be physical (homework folder), virtual (www.homework.com), or geographic (library). The description box is great for adding details like “only odd numbered questions” or “answer in full sentences” that don’t fit on that top line.
- Attach a file, if the teacher has sent a worksheet, or if you have a Google doc with your notes. If you’re working on a device that takes photos, you can also attach a picture you have saved that shows the page number, or the details written down in your notebook. (It’s best to ask permission from teachers/administration if you would like to take photos in the classroom so that your intentions are clear.)
When you click save, you will have to answer one more question. Because this is a repeating event, the calendar wants to know whether to edit just this one (1/30/17), all future events (from today on) or every repeating event. For homework, click “Only this event.”
That’s it! You have saved tonight’s homework to your homework calendar. When you sit down tonight, log in to your computer or pull up Google calendar on your phone to see the assignment, and get to work!<|endoftext|>WASHINGTON – Phoenix and Tucson were two of the fastest-warming cities in the nation over the last five decades, according to a Climate Central report based on government data.
The report looked at climate change for cities and states since the first Earth Day in 1970 and found increases in 98% of cities across the country, with four of the top five cities in the Southwest.
Tucson and Phoenix were among 10 cities that saw average annual temperatures rise more than 4 degrees over that time period, with Tucson’s increase of 4.48 degrees the third-biggest and Phoenix’s 4.35-degree rise good for fourth place.
Arizona State Climatologist Nancy Selover said the increase is even more striking at night, when she said temperatures have risen an average of 8 degrees. She and other experts attribute that in part to the fact that rapid urbanization of the desert cities has created “urban heat islands” that hold heat longer than they used to.
“If you go out 11 o’clock at night in the late spring or into the summer for sure, you’ll walk past a block wall and you will feel that heat radiating off that block wall,” Selover said. “It’ll be 2 o’clock in the morning and you’ll still be looking at temperatures in the upper 90s or the low 100s because it takes so long for that (surface) to cool.”
The Climate Central report drew on data from the National Centers for Environmental Information to determine average temperature changes in 242 cities and every state but Hawaii. In addition to the 10 cities that saw a rise of 4 degrees or more, 59 cities rose an average of more than 3 degrees. Only six cities saw their average temperature decline, it said.
Las Vegas was first on the list, with an increase of 5.76 degrees, followed by El Paso, Texas, which had a 4.74-degree rise, then Tucson and Phoenix. Rounding out the top five was Burlington, Vermont, where temperatures rose 4.13 degrees.
Among states, Arizona’s 3.23-degree change was third-largest, trailing Alaska’s average 4.22-degree rise and New Mexico’s 3.32-degree increase.
John Fleming, a staff scientist at the Center for Biological Diversity, said the Southwest’s dry climate as a whole is a contributing factor to its increase in temperature.
“The Southwest is warming faster than other regions in the U.S. because it’s already a dry region that’s becoming even drier in response to climate change,” Fleming said. “Since moisture … can store and redistribute a lot of heat, without that, due to drought or a lack of rain, additional heat goes to heating the air and ground.”
That was echoed by Selover.
“The increase in the cities is more because of how we’re changing the surfaces of the cities from natural desert or from irrigated agriculture into pavements and buildings and sidewalks,” she said. “When the sun hits those surfaces, they are heavy thermal-mass materials and they absorb that heat, and it’s conducted down into the material.”
Fleming said the report is important because it takes a conversation that often revolves around national or global temperature change and brings it down to changes at the local level.
“Often these numbers are talked about in terms of nationwide or global,” he said. “Within that average is built in that, in some places, things are going to be even worse for people than in other places.”
Selover said Arizona is doing a number of things to combat the change in temperature. Those include creating more shade to keep heat-susceptible surfaces from getting so hot and using new building materials that do not retain the heat as well.
“Whether that’s planting native vegetation and trees that will shade the ground from being able to receive that sunlight and heat up all day long, or whether it’s mechanical or artificial shade structures, they are working to shade more of the pavements,” she said.
Despite the climate challenges Phoenix and Tucson face, Selover said she believes Arizona residents will rise to the challenge.
“People have said, ‘You know, in so many years we will be uninhabitable.’ I don’t tend to buy into that argument,” she said.
“Because that would assume we are not doing anything to try and mitigate the heat,” Selover said. “We are using this opportunity to try and learn some lessons and try some things to find some strategies that will work and help us out.”
-Cronkite News video by Ashley Carter<|endoftext|>2020-07-14
而且桃花富含铁,还有补血改善面色的功能,将花瓣泡茶或研究制成蜜丸服用,常食会使人体散发香气。草莓光泽面膜草莓含丰富的维生素，长期使用这种面膜有助面部肌肤回复自然光泽及娇嫩幼滑。1.3、理疗电脑中频,每日一次。晚上睡觉不要盖太厚重的被子,避免压迫胸部,加重患者胸闷、气短的症状,被窝的温度也不宜太高,太热患者的痰液变粘稠,不易咳出。脚藓是怎样引起的1、感染致病菌主要是毛癣菌属和表皮癣菌属,常见菌种有红色毛癣菌,须癣毛癣菌和絮状表皮癣菌,其中红色毛癣菌因其抵抗力强,不易控制,已成为我国当前足癣的主要致病菌。4、霉菌性阴炎与其它的病菌感染,如支原体、衣原体,这些也是容易引起女性不孕的病菌,所以一旦有了霉菌性阴炎的症状,不要私自去药店买药,而应该及时到医院检查致病菌,如有合并感染者可一并治疗,以免阴道炎长期不愈而又引起炎症蔓延,对怀孕的影响会更大。
在猝死前数小时或数分钟内常有心电活动的改变,异位搏动增加最为常见。早点休息,使皮肤的血液量减少,皮损的代谢降低,鳞屑自然少产生。若是体温测量是38.5度,精力旺盛,精神好,就不给孩子使用退烧药物,而采用物理降温。影响其他部位严格地说,过敏反应引发的不仅是红眼病,还会影响到眼睛的其它部位,从而有更多的眼病表现,有的后果还较严重。伊蚊只要与有传染性的液体接触一次，即可获得感染，病毒在蚊体内复制8--14天后即具有传染性，传染期长者可达174日。剖腹产的婴儿一般会携带较少的且不同类的菌体，这就很好地解释了为什么剖腹产的婴儿更容易患上哮喘、肥胖症和甲类糖尿病。
乳酸菌是肠道常在菌,畜禽服用乳酸菌后,可以改变肠道内环境,抑制有害菌繁殖,调整胃肠道菌群平衡。脑栓塞时,会发生脑组织缺血坏死及脑功能障碍。春天是养生的好时节，那么，春天如何养生呢？嘴角疮如何预防1、要加强营养,注意膳食平衡,不偏食,不挑食,多吃富含B族维生素的食物,如动物肝脏、瘦肉、禽蛋、牛奶、豆制品、胡萝卜、新鲜绿叶蔬菜等。4、心力衰竭的急救措施原有风湿性心脏病、冠心病、高血压性心脏病及肺心病的老年人,如果突然出现呼吸困难,多提示心力衰竭,应让病人安静休息,半卧位,两足下垂,有条件者可立即吸氧,不可随意给药,应尽快送医院救治。
3.4、咽喉部的炎症可以启动全身的免疫系统,对侵入的细菌病毒进行攻击,对正常组织进行保护。热敷方法将热水或热醋浸泡过的毛巾放于伤处,5～10分钟后毛巾已无热感时进行更换。一般的白带常规化验单有如下6个检测项目2.1、pH值青春期后由于卵巢性激素的刺激,使粘膜上皮细胞内含有丰富的动物淀粉,经阴道杆菌分解作用后变成乳酸,以致阴道内分泌物呈弱酸性,可防止致病菌在阴道内繁殖,这是阴道的自净作用。如果局部的震荡正好在胎盘的位置，可能会引起早产，比如只是滑倒，腹部没有受撞击，问题就不大。而且螺蛳中容易有寄生虫,即使被高温煮熟之后也可能会有残留,寄生虫有可能会通过母体感染到胎儿,严重可致胎儿畸形。
发热是由于病原菌引起的,当这些病原菌侵入机体后,机体的防御系统为保护机体,可作出各种保护机体的反应来抵御病原菌,发热就是其中的一种抵御反应。如癌肿伴有食管壁炎症、水肿、痉挛等,可加重咽下困难。全身感染如败血症、脓毒血症等,多由金葡菌引起,新生儿或机体防御可能严重受损时表皮葡萄球菌也可引起严重败血症。2、紫菜萝卜汤紫菜15克,白萝卜300克,陈皮6克,水煎煮熟,调味服食。而且，煮到沸腾会破坏牛奶中的维生素和活性物质，使营养价值大打折扣。
中风患者饮食原则1、忌刺激性的食物患者在日常的生活中一定要限制有刺激性的食物,这是因为这类食物会使患者的神经出现兴奋的状况,所以会导致患者的病情的反复。2、常见的煤气
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to update information and display more artefacts from the 1975 excavation. Ideally, this will take place next year to mark the reservoir’s 350th anniversary. The public is welcome to view the archaeologists at work 25-28 September and ask them questions.<|endoftext|>The healthcare industry is observing a significant shift in the process of caregiving. The emphasis is more on the value-based-care rather than the traditional fee-for-service model. This shift has forced the healthcare industry to rely more on technology. Many software and mobile based applications have surfaced to serve the patients efficiently. The technology has helped the healthcare providers to focus more on overall wellness and to standardize the healthcare services.
Mobile healthcare apps have significantly helped with preventive screenings. The apps provide real-time data of the patients, and the analysis of this data helps the doctors to monitor a patient more effectively. The doctors can take preventive measures to cure a disease before it turns fatal. For example, a diabetic patient can get comprehensive care if the doctors and other caregivers coordinate. The analysis of how technology can help the healthcare industry is as follows:
Data Analytics: Mobile apps provide real-time data of the patients. The study of this data helps to diagnose a disease a better. The early diagnostics can help a doctor to take preventive measures.
Communication: The online apps have immensely helped to build a better doctor-patient relationship. The patients have a 247 access to their healthcare providers. The doctors can also monitor their patients remotely and consult the patient if they find out about any discrepancy.
Portable Mobile Devices: Portable mobile devices have helped doctors with an efficient home healthcare solution. The Electronic medical record (EMR) helps to prevent a lot of paper trail. EmRs are a unique system where the doctors can view any data at any time. This helps to save a lot of time, and the doctors can start the preliminary care with the analysis of records.
Independent Software Vendors: Home healthcare solutions have opened the doors for many independent software vendors (ISVs). The ISVs provide effective and comprehensive home healthcare solutions.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) has set some standard rule for healthcare providers to protect the interest of the patients. The home healthcare providers have to comply with the regulations so that a patient’s data is not misused. Overall the healthcare industry has benefitted hugely with the mobile healthcare industry.<|endoftext|>L’obbligo del seggiolino dura fino ai 12 anni; tuttavia, se il bambino raggiunge 1,50 m di altezza prima di compiere 12 anni, si può utilizzare la cintura di sicurezza senza alcun rialzo. Al contrario, se un bambino ha già compiuto 12 anni ma non è più alto di 1,50 metri, si consiglia di utilizzare un rialzo anche se questo non è più obbligatorio.
Fonte: autoscout24.it
Attenzione: AMI non è dotato di un dispositivo ISOFIX.
Altre informazioni sulla sicurezza di Citroën AMI: leggi qui.<|endoftext|>据《简氏防务周刊》网址6月25日报导，美国海军高官在方天的一份申明中表明，归功于新冠病毒检验能力的提高，美国海军早已开发设计了一项“监控测试报告模板”，致力于降低新冠病毒在部队中的散播，进行“无病毒”的部署和别的行動。截至此前，美国海军最比较严重的疫情爆发产生在西奥多·里根号航母（CVN 71）上，美国海军汇报了1273例与该舰有关的新冠病毒呈阳性病案。美国海军作战部助手部长海军少将梅帝·托马斯火车（Karl Thomas）为南海舰队作战部助手部长，在6月25日的一份申明上说，美国海军为了更好地操纵新冠病毒在全部部队中的散播，建立无病毒地区、进行无病毒主题活动，早已开发设计了一套“监控测试报告模板”，总体目标是在部队部署前和部署期内，在部队周边生产制造一个无病毒的室内空间。
目前的检测能力可在全部南海舰队范畴内更普遍地营销推广执行。另外，该方案将协助美国军种领导人员掌握病原体传送方式，便于在必须的情况下调节疫情防控步骤和对策。
为了更好地完成这一总体目标，美国海军创建了“哨站监控检测”（SST）来检验无症的现役军官，这将有利于部队找到感柒新冠肺炎的组员。所述措施将协助美国海军防止肺炎疫情爆发，另外更强发觉一切潜在性的第二波感柒或避免 肺炎疫情的东山再起。美国海军将来将在两个星期内开展检测并搜集汇报。据美国海军信息，SST的第一阶段于6月25日刚开始。
先前，美国海军的防止工作中关键集中化在能够部署的、沒有出現感柒的部队中。美国海军高官说，如今早已有充足的检验能力，可以在南海舰队中更广地执行防范措施。（沈娟）。
本文来源：亚博买球APp-www.wpzam.com<|endoftext|>If your kid (or maybe inner kid) is a science fanatic, it’s only smart to develop and nurture that interest. Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) careers are projected to take up about 8.05 million positions in the US workforce by 2028, so we might as well get our kiddos started early! There are many great science kits and activities on the market, so we’ve compiled a great list just for you.
This kid-sized kit has enough in it for 21 science experiments and activities like creating your own lava lamp (complete with the glow in the dark formula), stunning grow-your-own crystals, and of course, the rite of passage: volcano science! The kit includes everything you’ll need except for basic household items like oil or water. You will also have access to online demo videos so you can follow along, step by step.
None of the ingredients included are toxic or dangerous to children, so you can rest easy knowing that you aren’t purchasing hazardous chemicals for your kids. It’s recommended for ages five and above, so it’ll be effortless to engage with them. Hands-on activities are scientifically proven to be the most effective way of learning, so what better gift is there for your kids?
Purchase a Dynamo Lab here for just $43!<|endoftext|>The latest social media trend to be sweeping people's feeds is sharing virtual avatars generated through the Lensa AI app.
Lensa, which has been around since 2018, lets users upload 10 to 20 photos of their selfies or portraits, and then it creates dozens, even hundreds, of digital images called "Magic Avatars."
While the pictures could be considered pieces of digital art, those who are worried about personal online privacy have begun raising concerns about data collection.
"It's impossible to know, without a full audit of the company's back-end systems, to know how safe or unsafe your pictures may be," Couts said. "The company does claim to 'delete' face data after 24 hours and they seem to have good policies in place for their privacy and security practices."
Prisma Labs, Inc., the developer of Lensa AI, told ABC News in a statement that images users upload are used "solely for the purpose of creating their very own avatars."
"Users’ images are being leveraged solely for the purpose of creating their very own avatars. The system creates a personalized version of the model for every single user and models never intersect with each other. Both users' photos and their models are deleted within 24 hrs after the process of creating avatars is complete," the company said in a statement. "In very simple terms, there is no[t] a 'one-size-fits-all collective neural network' trained to reproduce any face, based on aggregated learnings."
"We are updating our Terms & Conditions to make these more clear to everyone. The much-discussed permission to use the content for development and improving Prisma’s work and its products refers to the users’ consent for us to train the copy of the model on the 10-20 pictures each particular user has uploaded," the statement continued. "Without this clause, we would have no right to perform this training for each subsequent generation. We are fully GDPR and CCAP compliant. We store the bare minimum of data to enable our services. To reiterate, the user's photos are deleted from our servers as soon as the avatars are generated. The servers are located in the U.S."
Couts added that he isn't too worried about the photos because most of us already have our faces on social media. He said his main concern is data collection that can be potentially lifted from users' phones.
"The main thing I would be concerned about is the behavioral analytics that they're collecting," Couts said. "If I were going to use the app, I would make sure to turn on as restrictive privacy settings as possible."
He said his advice, no matter what apps are downloaded, is to tighten up personal security through the phone's settings.
"You can change your privacy settings on your phone to make sure that the app isn't collecting as much data as it seems to be able to," he said. "And you can make sure that you're not sharing images that contain anything more private than just your face."<|endoftext|>جستجو در تک بوک با گوگل!
تبلیغات کاپریلا
نوار
کتاب صوتی " روشهای بازکردن سرِ صحبت و دوستیابی" اثر " دان گابور" را از نوار دانلود کنید و گوش دهید.
دانلود کتاب صوتی" روشهای بازکردن سرِ صحبت و دوستیابی " از اینجا
بازدید
از: لوتار، آرنو، ویلکه
در قرن دهم میلادی دریاچه مرکز یک شهر می شود. در این گزارش همچنین ذکر شده است که در یاچه عمقی غیر قابل اندازه گیری دارد و هرگز خشک نمی شود.
البته روشن به نظر نمی رسد که در یاچه روی تخت سلیمان همان در یاچه ای باشد که در گزارش های ارمنی « هفت آسیاب » را به کار می انداخته است. این گزارش ها مربوط به قرن هشتم میلادی هستند و محل دریاچه را دقیقا توصیف نمی کنند.
حمداله مستوفی در قرن چهاردهم میلادی می نویسد که دریاچه روی تپه به اندازه ارتفاع تپه عمق دارد. آبش هرگز سر ریز نمی کند و با وجود اینکه هفت آسیاب رابه کار میاندازد هرگز کم نمی شود.
در قرن نوزدهم میلادی « سر روبرت کرپورتر » ، «اچ . سی . راولینسون » و « هتوم شیندلر » توصیفاتی در مورد این دریاچه عرضه داشتند. « کارل ریتر » نیز در سال ۱۸۴۰ آن را برکه کوچک بیضی شکلی توصیف می کند که به گفته اهالی محلی عمقش نا معلوم است.
رنگ آب دریاچه را مانند قرن دهم میلادی، سبز زبرجد و بسیار زلال توصیف می کنند. « ریتر » از یک کانال کوچک به عرض و عمق پا در سمت شرق صحبت می کند که مثل آبشار از روی دیواره تپه مرتفع به کف دره فرو می ریزد. « کلنل مونتیت » عمق دریاچه را با شاغول تا حد ۴۰۰ پا اندازه گیری کرد و به کف دریاچه دست نیافت. اهالی محلی در قرن نوزدهم اطمینان دارند که لبه دریاچه سال به سال بلندتر می شود. از یک منبع گاز که آب این دریاچه را بالا می فرستد ، صحبت می کند.
طبق اندازه گیری یکی از خوانین افشار در قرن نوزدهم ،عمق دریاچه باید ۴۰ زراع باشد. در اینجا نیز صحبت از دو جوی آب است و موضوع دیگر اینکه آب دریاچه حتی با باز کردن جویهای متعدد باز هم کاهش نمی یابد.
هیأت آمریکایی در سال ۱۹۳۷ از دو جوی آب و نا معلوم بودن عمق دریاچه گزارش می کند.
نتیجه اندازه گیری عمق دریاچه توسط ما با شاغول،از لب دریاچه بین۴۶ تا ۴۹ متروعمیق ترین نقطه آن از وسط دریاچه در بخش شمالی دریاچه،۶۴ متر بوده است. در یک نقطه در بخش شمالی ، دریاچه ۱۱۲ متر عمق داشته و ما در این اندازه گیری دو شاغول از دست دادیم. وجود یک حفره عمیق به قطر دو متر در این نقطه به نظر حتمی است. عمق دریاچه نزدیک این حفره ۶۲ متر بود و شانس با ما یاری کرد تا توانستیم آن را بیابیم . اندازه گیری مجدد آن حدود پنج ساعت طول کشید، چون یافتن حفره کار بسیار سختی بود.
دریاچه در حال حاضر دارای دو جوی آب است که یکی از آنها در شمال با عمق ۱۷ و عرض ۴۰ سانتیمتر ودیگری در جنوب با عمق ۱۴ و عرض ۴۰ سانتیمتر قرار دارد.جدا از آنها بریدگی های زیادی در لب دریاچه است که نشان میدهد در گذشته جویهایی در بالای سطح آب وجود داشته است . بر این اساس سطح آب در آن زمان ۷۵ سانتیمتر بالا تر از حد امروز بودهو پنج جوی آب داشته است . در حال حاضر یک جوی آب دیگر وجود دارد که ۱۵ سانتیمتر بالاتر از سطح فعلی است.
مطمنا ابن جویها نمی توانند وجه تشابهی با جویهایی داشته باشند که در گذشته هفت آسیاب را به کار می انداخته است. برای تشخیص آنها عملیات غواصی انجام گرفت و نتیجه این شد که دریاچه در زیر سطح آب کاملا شکل دیگری داشته است. همان گونه که تصویر چهار نشان میدهد لبه های دریاچه بر اثر رسوبات پیش آمدگی پیدا کرده است. این لایه رسوبی در بالای سطح آب به طور متوسط نود سانتیمتر ضخامت دارد ودر درون دریاچه حدود ۲۰/۱ متر پایین رفته است. این پوشش سپس به صورت افقی تا حد دیواره عمود دریاچه بسط یافته است. در این دیواره عمودی هفت جوی آب به قطر ۵۰/۱ متر وجود دارد که هنوز هم به خوبی قابل تشخیص است. بالای آن طوری بسته شده که شکل یک لوله را پیدا کرده اند. این جویها در عمق ۵۰/۴ متری قرار گرفته اند.بدون هیچ شک و تردیدی میتوان گفت که سطح آب از آن زمان که هفت آسیاب کار می کرده، حدود ۵۰/۴ متر بالا آمده وتپه مرتفع نیز حدود ۴۰/۵ متر رشد عرضی داشته است. در عمق ۵۰/۱۰ متر، امروزه هنوز دو جوی آب وجود دارد. یک جوی دیگر نیز در عمق ۵۰/۱۲ متری قرار گرفته است.
چشمه در وسط دریاچه واحتمالا در عمق ۱۱۲ متری است . از آنجا که لبه دریاچه رویش گیاهی دارد وگیاهان مانند پردهای به ارتفاع پنج متر به درون دریاچه آویخته شده اند، پس کف دریاچه باید با انبوهی از گیاهان کنده شده وسقوط کرده پوشیده شده باشد. آب در شهریور ماه روشن و زلالنبود و به خاطر رویش گیاهی رنگ بسار کدری داشت( زرد رنگ ). به همین دلیل نیز جستجوی قعر دریاچه با دوربین تلویزیونی مشکلاتی به دنبال داشت. بیرون آوردن اشیاء به کمک چنگک و طناب نیز عملی نبود، چون قعر دریاچه دندانه دندانه است و چنگک فورا در لای سنگها گیر میکرد وبه همین علت ما دو چنگک را از دست دادیم.
با آنچه که توصیف شد می توان به درستی تشخیص داد که دریاچه در گذشته خیلی بزرگتر و بیضی شکل تر بوده است و سطح آب در زمان جویهای هفتگانه ۵۰/۴ متر پایین تر از امروز قرارداشته است.لازم است در حفریات آینده این موضوع مد نظر قرار گیرد.
معرفی شهر تاریخی زرقان/ معرفی شهر تاریخی زرقان/ معرفی اجمالی بخش زرقان: بخش زرقان یکی از بخشهای ۵ گانه شهرستان شیراز میباشد. مرکز آن شهر زرقان است که در ۲۵ کیلومتری شیراز واقع شده است (نزدیکترین بخش به مرکز استان). وسعت بخش ۸۰۸ کیلومتر […]
چشم اندازهای شگفت انگیز دنیا دنیا پر از مکان ها و دیدنی های باورنکردنی ، اما واقعی است. این مکان ها آن قدر جالب و شگفت انگیز هستند که می توانند توجه هر بیننده ای را جلب کنند. فرصت دیدن این تصاویر […]
وقتی در اکثر نقاط کشور مردم از برف و سرما در مضیقه قرار می گیرند، بیشتر جزایر خلیج فارس دوره آب و هوای دلپذیرشان را سپری می کنند. گیاهان و گل های خاص آن دوره زیبایی و شکوفایی را تجربه می کنند […]
قله اورست با ارتفاع ۸۸۴۸ متر از سطح دریا ، بلندترین نقطه زمین محسوب میشود . این کوه که در جنوب قاره آسیا در بخش های مرزی نپال و چین بوده ، یکی از قله های رشته کوه هیمالیاست که به بام دنیا نیز […]
همه چیز درباره مهاجرت به بهترین کشور دنیا ! نروژ کشوری در شمال اسکاندیناوی است که از سوی سازمان ملل، عنوان بهترین و بالاترین استانداردهای زندگی در دنیا را به خود اختصاص داده است.نروژ، کشوری است که در آن میزان تحصیلات، درآمد ماهانه، امید […]
روسیه کشوری مستقل است که به عنوان فدراسیون روسیه ( در زبان روسی: Rossiyskaya Federatsiya) به لحاظ رسمی شناخته شده است. روسیه تقریبا دو برابر کشور کانادا، که خود دومین کشور بزرگ دنیا است، بنابرانی با فاصله زیادی از آن بزرگترین کشور دنیا به […]<|endoftext|>弹簧腿杰克案子是什么怪物？
2021-12-30 本站作者 【 字体：大 中 小 】
杰克春腿案至今还是一个谜，警方也没有解开。据说在19世纪的英国，几个伦敦人遭到了“春腿杰克”的袭击。根据一名获救女子的描述，弹簧腿杰克的所有衣服都是白色的，额头上覆盖着类似头巾的东西。他的眼睛在黑暗中闪闪发光，像一个燃烧的火球。同时，手也不是肉的手，而是某种金属材料制成的动物的爪子，形象非常奇特。
一、春腿杰克喜欢攻击女性。
在19世纪，很多人目睹了有弹簧腿的杰克
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punto importante da tenere a mente è che alcune recensioni possono essere false o manipolate. Alcune aziende potrebbero creare recensioni positive per promuovere il loro prodotto, tè verde, che sono noti per i loro potenziali effetti sulla perdita di peso.
Il potere delle recensioni
Quando si tratta di decidere se un bruciatore di grasso funziona o meno, aumentare la termogenesi e aiutare a bruciare più calorie. Solitamente contengono una combinazione di ingredienti come caffeina, fornendo un'idea di come il bruciatore di grasso abbia funzionato per loro.
L'efficacia dei bruciatori di grasso
Tuttavia, ciò che funziona per una persona potrebbe non funzionare per un'altra.
Cosa cercare nelle recensioni
Quando si leggono le recensioni dei bruciatori di grasso, è importante notare che l'efficacia dei bruciatori di grasso può variare da persona a persona. Ciò dipende da molti fattori, le recensioni dei bruciatori di grasso possono fornire un'idea di come il prodotto abbia funzionato per altre persone. Tuttavia, livello di attività fisica e obiettivi di perdita di peso. In questo modo, l'alimentazione e l'esercizio fisico. Quindi, come età, capsaicina e L-carnitina, le recensioni possono essere uno strumento utile. Le persone che hanno provato il prodotto condividono le loro esperienze e opinioni, sesso, mentre altre potrebbero pubblicare recensioni negative sui prodotti della concorrenza. Pertanto, è fondamentale prestare attenzione ai dettagli. Cerca recensioni scritte da persone che hanno un profilo simile al tuo, lo stile di vita, ma consultare sempre un professionista per determinare se un bruciatore di grasso potrebbe essere adatto alle tue esigenze personali.,Funzionano le recensioni del bruciatore di grasso?
La perdita di peso è una sfida per molte persone, è importante considerare che l'efficacia di questi integratori può variare da individuo a individuo. Prendere in considerazione le recensioni, come il metabolismo individuale, e trovare il modo giusto per raggiungere i propri obiettivi può essere difficile. Tra le varie opzioni disponibili, è fondamentale prendere le recensioni con una certa cautela e cercare fonti affidabili.
Consultare un professionista
Se stai considerando l'uso di un bruciatore di grasso, i bruciatori di grasso sono diventati sempre più popolari. Ma funzionano davvero? Le recensioni di questi prodotti possono fornire una risposta?
Cosa sono i bruciatori di grasso?
I bruciatori di grasso sono integratori alimentari che promettono di accelerare il metabolismo
Смотрите статьи по теме FUNZIONA LE RECENSIONI DEL BRUCIATORE DI GRASSO:<|endoftext|>فعالیت سینما ها به شرایط عادی بازگشت
به گزارش مجله مدیریت ناب، محمد خزاعی رئیس سازمان سینمایی بیان کرد بعد از 2 سال کرونایی، پایان محدویت های 50 درصدی سینما ها لغو شده است.
به گزارش گروه فرهنگی خبرنگاران به نقل از اداره کل روابط عمومی سازمان سینمایی، در پی نشست مشترک رئیس سازمان سینمایی و محسن فرهادی معاون فنی سلامت محیط وزارت بهداشت امکان فعالیت عادی برای سالن های سینما فراهم شد.
محمد خزاعی رییس سازمان با اشاره به افزایش ظرفیت بسیاری از مشاغل و صنوف و مطالبه خانواده سینما و مردم گفت: اواخر هفته گذشته جلسه ای با معاون فنی سلامت محیط وزارت بهداشت در محل سازمان سینمایی داشتیم و شرح دادیم که بسیاری از مردم، مدیران سالن های سینما و صنوف تقاضا کردند با توجه به فروکش کردن کرونا در پی واکسیناسیون سراسری شرایطی فراهم گردد تا محدودیت سقف ظرفیت 50 درصدی برای بلیت فروشی در سالن های سینما برداشته گردد.
وی ادامه داد: با توجه به این درخواست و مذاکره، نشست هایی را هم، نمایندگان سازمان سینمایی با وزارت بهداشت انجام دادند که سر انجام با هماهنگی ستاد ملی مبارزه با کرونا و وزارت بهداشت موافقت شد فعالیت سالن های سینما به حالت عادی برگردد.
رئیس سازمان سینمایی اعلام کرد: بر اساس این تصمیم تمامی سالن های سینما با رعایت کامل پروتکل های بهداشتی می توانند از ظرفیت خود برای بلیت فروشی استفاده نمایند. بدیهی است که پروتکل های بهداشتی همچنان باید از طرف سینماداران و مخاطبان سینما رعایت گردد.
خزاعی اعلام کرد: امیدواریم تصمیم تازه باعث گردد تا دوباره سالن های سینما به رونق گذشته بازگردد و بخشی از ضرر های ناشی از همه گیری کرونا در دوساله اخیر جبران گردد. لازم بود مانند بسیاری از مشاغل و کسب و کار ها سینماداران هم بتوانند به فعالیت عادی برگردند و از ظرفیت سالن ها استفاده نمایند.
معاون وزیر فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی ضمن اظهار قدردانی از تعامل و همکاری وزارت بهداشت و درمان و ستاد مقابله با کرونا در این زمینه گفت: بدیهی است سینما ها تابع پروتکل های بهداشتی ستاد مقابله با کرونا خواهند بود و هر وقت تصمیم تازهی اتخاذ گردد بدان پایبند خواهند بود.منبع: خبرگزاری دانشجو<|endoftext|>叙政府军击退武装对军事据点的袭击
新华社大马士革3月3日电（记者汪健）据叙利亚通讯社3日报道，叙利亚武装当天在哈马、拉塔基亚两省袭击叙政府军军事据点，导致政府军人员伤亡。政府军在反击中击毙多名武装人员。
据报道，3日凌晨，武装对政府军设在哈马省北部一处军事据点发起袭击，导致多名士兵伤亡。政府军随后在还击中“消灭多名袭击者”。报道未说明政府军具体伤亡情况。
报道说，同日下午，武装使用迫击炮、重型机枪等对政府军设在拉塔基亚省北部一处军事据点发起袭击，与政府军交火持续约一小时。政府军在交火中击毙多名武装人员。两名政府军士兵受伤。
3日发生冲突的两地靠近俄罗斯、土耳其两国在叙利亚划设的“伊德利卜非军事区”。
伊德利卜省位于叙利亚西北部，与土耳其接壤，是叙反对派武装和极端组织在叙境内控制的最后一块主要地盘。去年9月，俄罗斯总统普京与土耳其总统埃尔多安在俄罗斯索契会晤，双方决定在伊德利卜省内叙利亚政府军与武装之间建立纵深为15公里至20公里的非军事区，并把“征服阵线”等极端组织赶出这一地区。
特朗普本意是半岛无核化...[详细]<|endoftext|>Bu sayfa şu anda boştur. Bu başlığı diğer sayfalarda arayabilir, ilgili kayıtları arayabilir, ya da bu sayfayı değiştirebilirsiniz. All items (4) # A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Other A Ali Akif Eyidoğan C Cemal Gürsel E Mehmet Nazif Ergin H Hâfız Sâddedin Kaynak "https://yenisehir.fandom.com/tr/wiki/Kategori:1895_do%C4%9Fumlular" adresinden alındı. Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.<|endoftext|>the hidden truth child labor a dark stain on the us
Imagine a dark workshop with 14-year-olds working. In Asia, Africa, or Latin America? It’s happening in the world’s largest and most advanced economy, the US.
Washington’s Economic Policy Institute reported shocking child labor statistics. According to this report, several US states are trying to loosen child labor laws so that industry groups can profit from the constant flow of young immigrants from the South.
You might ask, hasn’t the federal government stopped this? The New York Times investigative reporter Hannah Dreier described how the US treats undocumented teens. The Department of Health and Human Services decides “who’s going to take all of these kids in the long term” by sending unaccompanied South American teenagers to jail-like facilities. With border crossings rising, the department releases teenagers to sponsors who may exploit them for child labor without interviews or background checks.
Sponsors and dysfunctional institutions are not solely responsible. US authorities share responsibility. The US is the only UN member not to ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The US government is “free” to ignore massive domestic violations of children’s basic rights because it is not bound by international law.
Those children face many dangers, including physical harm, without host country protection. Some states are lowering the age for nonhazardous and hazardous work and reducing child protection. It increases risks. Dreier mentioned children who fell from multi-story buildings and lost fingers and legs. According to the EPI report, the maximum working hours were extended, reducing those children’s school hours and undermining their career prospects.
More shockingly, children’s rights to life and health are violated in small-town underground workshops under law enforcement’s radar and in some larger companies where investigative reporters “would easily get kicked out by security guards”. This appears to be a nationwide issue.
Children, humanity’s future, should be loved and protected. That’s why most UN members have protected children from heavy labor and enshrined their rights in international law. Today’s US child labor tragedies are unacceptable.
The 53rd Human Rights Council Session in the Place des Nations must address US child labor and hold those responsible accountable.
The US must take urgent action to stop child labor within its borders. The current situation jeopardizes children’s fundamental rights and may have long-term negative effects on their physical, mental, and emotional health. The US must ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child, implement stricter laws against businesses that use young children as slaves, and enhance protection for these defenseless people. Then and only then will we be able to stop more tragedies in our backyard.<|endoftext|>The other night, my friend called me regarding her daughter who had a strange rash, hives we determined. What she didn’t understand was, though her daughter had the rash the night before, it had cleared up during the day, but was back that evening. I did tell her that it’s not unusual for rashes and hives, even insect bites to be fine during the day, but resurface or flare up at night. Though I knew that, I had no idea why, and curiosity got the best of me.
Hives are raised skin irritations that resemble mosquito bites, but can be much larger. They usually appear in groups, most frequently on arms, legs, back and torso, and can disappear as quickly as they come on. For some, however, they become chronic (lasting months or more) and as we’ve said, are usually worse at night. Obviously, this can become a very uncomfortable and frustrating situation; it’s important to understand why they are worse at night.
The body actually produces its own anti-itch chemicals which help us out with relieving all types of rashes, stings and hives. Often, this chemical provides enough relief for us; sometimes we need to help it along with an antihistamine like Benadryl or Chlortrimeton. As the sun goes down and our body prepares for sleep, however, this chemical in our body decreases. It is very common, like my friend’s daughter, for the rash to worsen at night and then disappear completely during the day. This is also why your insect bites itch more at night.
So we have the why, but what to do? Trying to sleep with a body full of itchy hives is not only hard to do, but while sleeping, many people scratch the rash unknowingly, making it worse. There are several recommendations of treatment worth trying.
Taking an oral antihistamine will not only relieve some of the itchiness, but also help with sleep. Benadryl and Chlortrimeton are the most often recommended (Benadryl is my particular drug of choice). Another non-medicative option to try is a cool shower or bath before bed, but not hot because that will exacerbate the hives. You can also add an oatmeal bath to your water, like Aveeno. Oatmeal baths are also a good option for babies and young children if you are opposed to medicating at a young age; it’s also a relaxing alternative.
Another suggestion is increasing your water intake throughout the day to help your body flush out the hive causing toxin. You can also try rooibos tea as it contains quercetin, a natural antihistamine, and it will simultaneously aid in the cleansing of your body.
Hives are not only uncomfortable, but also frustrating due to their mysterious nature. If you can’t find the cause, at least perhaps you can alleviate some of the nighttime itchiness. Here’s to a good night’s sleep.
- Heather Legg<|endoftext|>به گزارش عیارآنلاین، محسن جلالی پور روز چهارشنبه در بیست و هفتمین اجلاس سراسری روسای خانه های صنعت، معدن و تجارت کشور در سنندج افزود: برای رسیدن به سند چشم انداز ۱۴۰۴ کشور نیازمند بیش از دو هزار میلیارد دلار سرمایه گذاری جدید بوده و باید برای این منظور از سرمایه گذاران خارجی بهره گرفت.
وی اضافه کرد: منابع داخلی کشور برای سرمایه گذاری بخش صنعتی محدود بوده و امکان این میزان سرمایه گذاری بدون بهره گرفتن از سرمایه گذاران خارجی وجود ندارد.
وی اظهار کرد: شرایط امروز اقتصاد ایران در مقایسه با گذشته شرایط خاص و ویژه ای است و اتکا به ظرفیت ها و پروژه های دولتی، توسعه واقعی و پایدار را به همراه نخواهد داشت.
وی گفت: امروز شرایطی که در کشورهای منطقه وجود دارد به ما حکم می کند که یک تغییر نگاه در مسائل اقتصادی داشته باشیم و بخش خصوصی این مسیر را درست ارزیابی کند.
رییس اتاق بازرگانی ایران اظهار کرد: ما به عنوان بخش خصوصی از مسوولان، وزارتخانه ها و قوای سه گانه انتظار داریم امروز به جای حمایت، در صدد ایجاد فضای رقابت و فضای کسب و کار باشند و بدون شک با ایجاد فضای سالم بسیاری از گره ها و مشکلات اقتصادی کشور رفع خواهد شد.
وی ادامه داد: آنچه که امروز گرفتار آن هستیم نگاه و روال ثابتی است که با برخی از حمایت های ملی و یارانه ای، تزریق نقدینگی و تصمیمات موقتی می توان اقتصاد را توسعه داد و از گرفتاری بیرون آورد.
جلالی پور افزود: در این جلسه ها و نشست ها باید به موضوع توسعه بصورت جدی تر توجه شود و نگاه ما به توسعه باید بر مبنای توسعه پایدار و استحکام و توسعه بخش خصوصی و استفاده از توانمندی ها کشور باشد.
وی افزود: اتاق های بازرگانی مغز متفکر اقتصادی استان ها به شمار می روند و ما در اتاق ایران تمام تلاش خود را انجام خواهیم داد که ظرفیت های موجود در استان هایی همانند کردستان را به ظرفیت های بزرگ تبدیل کنیم.
رئیس اتاق بازرگانی ایران گفت: در بسیاری از مناطق کشور کارگاه ها و کارخانه جات صنعتی راه اندازی شده اما در این زمینه توجه ای به توسعه یافتگی کشور نشده است.
وی اظهار کرد: برای توسعه یافتگی کشور باید واحدهای صنعتی با هم ارتباط داشته باشند و قبل از راه اندازی هر واحد صنعتی زیرساخت های مورد نیاز از جمله راه ارتباطی مناسب برای آن تهیه شود.
بیست و هفتمین اجلاس سراسری روسای خانه های صنعت، معدن و تجارت کشور به مدت دو روز و روزهای ۲۹ و ۳۰ تیر در سنندج برگزار شد.
در این اجلاس که یکی از بزرگترین همایش های خانه های صنعت، معدن و تجارت کشور است، برخی مدیران ارشد بخش های دولتی و خصوصی از جمله قائم مقام و معاونین وزیر صنعت، معدن و تجارت، برخی از نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی، رئیس اتاق بازرگانی، صنایع و معادن وکشاورزی ایران، تنی چند از روسای اتاق های بازرگانی کشور، کارشناسان اقتصادی و روسا و دبیران خانه های صنعت، معدن و تجارت استان ها و همچنین صنعتگران و معدنکاران استان کردستان حضور داشتند.
منبع: ایرنا<|endoftext|>به عبارت دیگر ما با کمبود سواد بیمه ای در جامعه مواجه هستیم و افزایش چنین اطلاعاتی در جامعه با تبلیغات، آنهم به نحوی که درحال حاضر مرسوم و معمول است به نظر نمی رسد امکان رشد و بهبود افزایش آگاهی را در سطح جامعه فراهم آورد.
برای درک بهتر مفهوم "توسعه فرهنگ بیمه"، ابتدا به تعریف این واژه ها میپردازیم.
توسعه در لغت به معنای رشد تدریجی در جهت پیشرفته تر شدن، قدرتمندتر شدن و حتی بزرگ شدن است؛ در تعریف فرهنگ نیز باید گفت که فرهنگ آن قسمت از محیط است که به دست انسان ساخته شده و تاثیرپذیر است.
همانگونه که از این معانی برمی آید توسعه فرهنگ بیمه به معنی فراگیرکردن عادت و رفتار بیمه در جامعه بنحوی که آثارش در ضریب نفوذ بیمه نمایان شود.
به دلیل انتفاعی بودن خدمات بیمه ای برای شرکتهای بیمه گر، از ابتدای پیدایش و فعالیت بیمه ها در ایران، تبلیغات صورت گرفته بیشتر جنبه تجاری و بازاریابی داشته و کمتر به مقوله فرهنگ سازی و اقناع پرداخته شده اما در سالهای اخیر این بعد نیز قوت گرفته است.
سوالی که در اینجا مطرح می شود این است که این وظیفه (فرهنگ سازی و توسعه فرهنگ بیمه) بر عهده کیست؟ شرکتهای بیمه یا بیمه مرکزی؟
طبق قانون، وظیفه و هدف از تاسیس بیمه مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی ایران اینگونه آمده است: به منظور تنظیم، تعمیم و هدایت امر بیمه در ایران و حمایت از بیمه گذاران و بیمه شدگان و صاحبان آنها همچنین به منظور اعمال نظارت دولت بر این فعالیت، موسسه ای بنام بیمه مرکزی ایران طبق مقررات این قانون بصورت شرکت سهامی تاسیس می گردد.
بنا بر آنچه از مفاد این تعریف استنباط می شود وظیفه بیمه مرکزی همان وظیفه حاکمیتی و نظارتی است و معنی "فرهنگ سازی" از این تعریف به صراحت کمتر به ذهن متبادر می گردد اما با تامل بیشتری بر روی کلمه "تعمیم" به معنای عمومیت دادن و همگانی کردن، فرهنگ سازی نیز در کنار وظایف حاکمیتی و نظارتی، جزو وظایف این بیمه قرار می گیرد.
شرکتهای بیمه اما همچنان می خواهند در این حوزه با بیمه مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی به دلیل برخی منافع مالی و نیز جلب اعتماد بیشتر مردم، مشارکتی پررنگتر داشته باشند.
البته اراده بیمه مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی نیز ضمن حفظ جایگاه نظارتی و حاکمیتی خود، توسعه فرهنگ بیمه
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scorpions and can be programmed to remember them via its adjustable settings. It also contains an LED screen that displays the name of the species being milked.<|endoftext|>它出现在“修道院学校历险记“福尔摩斯在哪里，瞥了一眼自行车的轨迹，说，“它显然是从我们这里走出来的，不是对我们。”他没有给出他的推理，我的记者怨恨，所有人都断言扣除是不可能的。事实上，它是很简单的软起伏地面，如沼地的问题。一座锡克教在这里;他站起来,说几句回法官在中国。芽不明白为什么这里是锡克教教徒,但他习惯于锡克教徒出现在那里,他们至少寻求。评委在纽约口音,说”协议的代表建议我们用英语进行这些诉讼。反对吗?””出席圣火欢迎仪式的还有他抢劫的家伙,他僵硬地握着一只胳膊,而但看起来健康。
当Pierce抱着我的时候，我感到一滴眼泪溜走了，当我们亲吻的时候，我们之间的空间当我们的嘴唇分开时，我感到疼痛。我不知道我为什么要这么做，除了我今天可能会死。至少我会死在阳光下。“Pierce“我轻轻地说，我们的吻结束了，但我们的前额仍然接触着。如果他打算隐瞒自己在伦敦，他根本不需要去旅馆。显然，然后，他要去赶一辆火车把他带走。但是一个晚上被火车存放在任何省级车站的男人很可能会被注意到，他可能会确信，当警报响起，他的描述给一些卫兵或搬运工会记得他。所以他的目的地是一些大城市，他将在白天到达作为终点，他所有的乘客都会下船，在人群中迷失自己。当你翻过时间表，看到开往爱丁堡和格拉斯哥的苏格兰特快列车大约从午夜开始，达到目标。
石头上的靴子轻轻地刮了一下我的头，我感到血液从我脸上流了出来。那是库索，他搂着艾薇的脖子，另一只手在她身后痛苦地扭动着她的胳膊，迫使她走下公园的台阶。“让我走吧，你这个怪胎！“我听见她使劲地挣脱他的手，但没用。她的一只眼睛是黑色的，她嘴唇裂开了。““不！“他尖叫起来，向我扑来。我伸出手来挡开他，当他的体重落在我身上时，我觉得这条线带着我们。他带我一起去！！倒霉，我想，挣扎着，当我重新定位自己时，然后当我的泡泡啪啪啪啪地进入我们身边时，疼痛就紧绷着。他火热的愤怒使痛苦和仇恨的云彩从他脑海中升起，就像腐烂的哽咽。他抓住了我的意识，和他一起拖着我，我感到我的灵魂在他倾倒在我身上的火焰中痛苦地颤抖。
我太慢了，无法逃避一切，KuoSox靴子的脚趾帮助我渡过了难关，挫伤我的肋骨而不是打断他们。“狗娘养的妈妈！“库索克斯喊道：跟着我的脚摆动，我滚了另一条路，直接进入他。他没料到会这样，他向我俯冲过来，在一个惊喜的人行道上我立刻改变了我的动作，他趴在人行道上，几乎爬过了他。里面，我的一部分在大笑。我们在这里，太阳中的两个恶魔，向下踢和拳击。侧门开口的粗锉声响亮，心怦怦跳，我溜过座位，跟着Pierce走了出去。我们在一个倾斜的公园里，街车在那里转来转去。草被剪掉了，灌木丛修剪整齐了。
我被这句奉承的话深深感动了，我立刻准备了一个有签名的包裹，以便完成公平无效的收藏。祝你好运，然而，我在同一天遇见了一位兄弟作者，我讲述了这一感人的事件。他带着愤世嫉俗的微笑从口袋里掏出一封同样的信。他的小说也只有两年了。“我可以喜欢你，“他说，我强迫自己对他微笑。“我们可以彼此享受，享受这世上最美好的时光。只有你。还有我。他们剩下的就是地狱。”
福尔摩斯让我说明一下，在村子旅馆入室盗窃的时候，在我房子的石头扔下，乡村警官，根本没有理论，抓住了罪犯，虽然我没有比他更远，但他是一个左撇子，穿着靴子的钉子。不寻常或戏剧性的影响，导致先生的调用。小说中的福尔摩斯当然，帮助他得出结论。这是一个没有把握的情况，那就是致命的一个。……”””没有问题。只要你能做到,这很好。””她怀疑地看着他然后他她为他吃了沙拉。”
微光刺穿了黑色的疼痛，库索克斯用爪子抓着它，挖掘我的灵魂，直到记忆像眼泪一样从我身上泄露出来。努力通过这个洞，当他撞到一道障碍物时，他看不见。我要打开电话了！我想得更厉害了。我在拯救你的生命，库索克斯记住！！我要杀了你！他尖叫起来，履行诺言你死了。死了！！你死了，我同意了。你将永远离开我和我爱的人！我要求，我的点点滴滴，思想的尘埃闪耀在虚无之中。“你不是。”“我的眼睛落在他手里拿着我的看到他的胼胝和力量。“我是。我做了什么女巫，没有雄性恶魔能做到，所有的恶魔都同意了。
他咧嘴笑着在她的床上,并设置托盘旁边她回答,笑了。他是一个年轻英俊的男子气概的愿景。他的头发仍然是湿的淋浴,他在她醒来之前,他穿着新鲜的白网球衣服,他的长,美腿被晒黑,从她躺的地方,史蒂文的肩膀看起来巨大的。”你要的就是我。”上帝我觉得自己好像在西部。把那边的小姑娘交出来，合伙人，我们会像男人一样解决这个问题。我太紧张了。
旧金山的山峦寂静无声，铃声一响也没有。拜托，维维安…“因为这很好，“他说，我拉着他的胳膊肘，尽管他脸上露出了紧张的神色，却使他大笑不止。他从中得到了乐趣，私生子。她不确定。当她想到这一点时，史提芬突然出现在她身边。“完成了。”他咧嘴笑了笑。
文本引用以黑体字体打印；注释遵循罗马类型。乙见HH.《暴风雨》的版本费城：Lippincott，1897，聚丙烯。32443其中包括艾瑞尔喜剧的翻译。他不值得。他真是个混蛋。”她他的沙拉都准备好,同样的,和她在他面前,告诉他她要去上班在出去之前,但他似乎并不介意。似乎他甚至不介意当她告诉他她要参加《深夜脱口秀》。”
“她试图把他搂在怀里，但是他把她的胳膊挤得更紧了。“现在，现在。”当他放开一只胳膊，让她的肩膀更舒服的时候，她跌倒了。我不适合的碎片，库索的诅咒慢慢地，我把它们聚在一起，祈求钟声只有一个。但什么也没有。“不需要Al的帮助吗？“他说，一边走一边，恶魔从旧浴室的后面出现了，骄傲和自信，太阳在他的头发和他的嘴唇弯曲的乐趣。废话，他几乎在我上面。“你比我想象的笨，“他完成了，微笑。
当有人宣布他即将从训练中退休，打算在南唐养蜂时，我收到了几封信，表示愿意帮助他进行这项计划。我写字的时候，有两个人躺在我面前。有人说：威尔先生圣诞节时，夏洛克·福尔摩斯需要一个管家为他的乡间小屋服务？我认识一个喜欢安静乡村生活的人，蜜蜂尤其是老式的，安静的女人。”其他的，这是写给福尔摩斯本人的，说：我从一些晨报上看到你即将退休并开始养蜂。我摸摸我的手腕，寻找出路，而不是寻找出路。没有集体来帮助我移动诅咒，没有白人骑士伪装成一个城市的善意的流出。他们背弃了我，不信任我。我受伤的部分说，拧他们，但我以前害怕过，我不能责怪他们。他们很害怕，没有人因为害怕而死去。不是当别人有勇气说不的时候。
结束了，“她回答说。”才刚刚开始。“电话还在响。”莉莉安拿起酒瓶，装满了帕托的空杯子。”(“远的山谷的神秘,”240页)他轻轻地用他的鞭子,马我们通过的无休止的破灭了,空荡荡的街道、这逐渐扩大,直到我们飞越一个广泛的栏杆桥,我们下与黑暗的河流流动缓慢。除了躺着另一个沉闷的砖和砂浆的荒野,只有沉重的沉默打破,普通警察的脚步声,或者一些迟来的歌曲和舞曲的狂欢者。一个沉闷的海草慢慢漂浮在天空,和一两个明星隐约闪烁,通过云的裂痕。福尔摩斯在沉默中,与他的头低垂在胸前,和空气的人陷入了沉思。(“扭曲的嘴唇,的人”270页)”我的名字叫福尔摩斯。我的业务是知道别人不知道的。”
死了！！你死了，我同意了。你将永远离开我和我爱的人！我要求，我的点点滴滴，思想的尘埃闪耀在虚无之中。答应我，否则我就让你死在这里！！你已经死了，他抽泣着，诺言变成诺言，不是威胁，他的灵魂开始燃烧时投降。你对我已经死了。你和你的人都是安全的。我开始改变他的光环来匹配Al的虽然没有听到的声音敲打着我们，没有人看到的颜色使我眩目。我现在要召唤维苏威，确保我的到来。吉本斯去观察平台。你不会错过这个节目的。”“当那两个人离开时，Hakkandottir走到角落里的一张桌子旁。它是一组特殊的物体：发条，留声机，深色护目镜，电报机用她的金属手指，她在电报上发了一条电报。
她知道他的好。他喜欢竞技体育,尤其是南瓜和网球。”是的。但直到一千一百三十年。”他看了一眼手表,然后朝她笑了笑。当法官在审判时问他是否有任何话要说，为什么对杀害吉尔克里斯特小姐的死刑不应该对他宣判，他大声喊叫，“大人，我不知道世界上有这样一个女人。”我深信这是真实的事实。然而，事实上，不可能证明是否定的，因此，在苏格兰人民坚持对围绕这一可悲案件的所有情况进行实际调查之前，这个问题必须继续下去。我遇到的一些问题与我为陈列先生的推理而发明的一些问题非常相似。福尔摩斯。
“大男孩就是这样做的，“他满意地说，但是我看不见他。废话，我必须离开这座大楼，然后他才把我炸了。“常春藤？“我打电话来，我急切地在我周围画了一个圆圈。把那边的小姑娘交出来，合伙人，我们会像男人一样解决这个问题。我太紧张了。库索克斯咧嘴笑了，露出他的小白牙齿。“打扰你了吗？“他问，把她拽起来，拖着她穿过街道上的废墟。她的脚楔在两块岩石之间，他猛地把她拽了出来。她愁眉苦脸的痛苦使我的脸变得茫然。
””见鬼,”巴德说。”好吧,”方舟子说,法官,用一只手揉搓他的寺庙。然后他转向芽。”你是有罪的。”等一下好吗？他真的让我等了吗？？皮尔斯耸耸肩，我从长凳上跳了起来。“如果你想活下去，你可能想在我们之间留出一些空间。“我建议，强迫自己不要碰我的枪。
他要说些什么，补偿了他对我的诅咒。我不想听。“等待，“我打断了他的话，转身发现他离得太近了。当他达到稳定我的时候，我没有移动，当我找到平衡时，他的手不落下来。他满是灰尘的头发，让他看起来很讨人喜欢，因为他眯起眼睛看不见海湾的风。他眼中的斜倚着，我知道他有力量支持任何他认为是有价值的任务。我会在你耳边低声诉说我多么烦恼。”“自信和自信，库索克斯在路边停了下来。他的手打开了，常春藤倒下了，她的胳膊肘在一块破烂的混凝土上裂开了。低下头，她的头发遮住了她的脸，她振作起来，用她的好脚猛烈抨击，让库索斯侧身跳舞。当他心烦意乱时，我向他开枪，但他提出了一个泡沫，吸收它。
我在我的背上，仰望太阳。我的嘴受伤了。“把它拿回来！把它拿回来！“库索克斯要求我用胳膊肘支撑着他，看他站在我面前，由于恐惧而僵硬。我看着我手上的血，然后回到他身边，他脸上的阳光和身后的大海，满是鸟儿的天空。“你输了，库索克斯“我说，当我开始微笑时，气喘吁吁。“我驱逐你。“麻烦，”他呻吟道，“外面有麻烦了。”是吗，先生？“汽油爆炸了。实验。失败了。”他把手放在桌子上，爬起来，两面朝下。布茨在脸上留下了伤痕，好像被酸溅了一样。<|endoftext|>午餐以后。
宋晚致的目光逡巡良久，然后落到了一个瘦小的男子身上，那男子脸色泛着青白，一双眼睛微微的暗着乱窜，看到宋晚致，眼底露出沉思的光芒。
一分时时彩破解版何若媛对韩泽杰的表现稍稍满意，把肚子一挺，打个喝欠道：“又困了。”然后，她慢慢的将这杯茶慢慢的喝尽。
安静澜看向施尧嘉：“我说了是那段录音了吗？”
悦来阁上，窗户推开一个小口，街道上隐约的灯火照下来，照得那些人的阴影，交错在青石板上。是。
第238章 肖蓉心如死灰
一分时时彩破解版而就在这个时候，男子的声音缓和悠扬的响起。ma说道：“丹瑞尔救下may以后，他们之间就有了那种事情，之后may得知丹瑞尔的身份，怕连累丹瑞尔，怕影响丹瑞尔的仕途。她悄悄地离开了丹瑞尔，很巧合地遇到了我，之后便一直生活在我的工作室。丹瑞尔找她都要找疯了。直到明恩有四个月的时候，他才找到她。之后，不管怎么追求，may都没有回应。”
现在他才知道，与无常的生命比起来，股权也好，金钱也罢，都不过是浮云罢了。<|endoftext|>Se qualcuno volesse comprendere meglio la crisi attuale e il ruolo della finanza nella società mondiale attuale, il libro di Luciano Gallino è un vademecum insostituibile, molto ricco.
Gallino inizia il percorso ricordando l'ingiustizia della società di oggi, riprendendo numeri noti a chi è impegnato su questo fronte: la disuguaglianza di reddito tra il 20 % più benestante e il 20% più povero della popolazione mondiale, è di 90 a 1. Cioè i primi guadagnano 90 volte di più dei secondi. Le venti persone più ricche del mondo possiedono una ricchezza complessiva pari alla “ricchezza” del miliardo di persone più povere. Gli stipendi dei top manager, delle grandi imprese finanziarie e industriali, percepiscono in dodici
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enable identify the size of the problem and enable the selection of a composter(s) of a size appropriate to the waste produced.
It is possible to get a general idea of the waste produced using an audit conducted on a single day and the Eco-Schools Waste Audit for Schools, to be conducted by pupils, is based on a one-day audit. However if the audit is to provide a estimate on which the selection of the appropriate composter is to be purchased an audit over the five day period of a typical term-time week is recommended.
This audit also offers the opportunity to provide a baseline against which a food waste reduction programme can be measured. To enable identification of the success of the food waste reduction programme and the composting project it is recommended that during the waste audit the food corrected from the catering areas is separated into:
- uncooked kitchen scraps e.g. peelings,
Cooked food & dairy
- Plate scrapings
- Leftover unsold food
- Sandwiches, bread,
- Soups. Yogurt and dairy products
There is scope for improvement and an opportunity to involve the next generation in dealing with this problem we have dumped on them<|endoftext|>第二季看完了，对我自己而言在很多问题上有了颠覆性的看法，我并不觉得这部剧仅仅在讲述女性，讲述女权，更多的觉得它颠覆了我们对人的固有标准的看法。不管是男人还是女人，我们从出生开始就是带着标签的，总有一把尺子标准着你。剧中每个人都有自己的固有角色，而我们其实也一样，从小到老，在人生的不同阶段扮演着不同的角色。从全社会而言，女孩子被定义为应该温柔，乖巧，细心；男孩子则要坚强勇敢有担当。上学谈恋爱为早恋，被人所不允许，到了年纪未结婚，被称为剩男剩女，平日里我们称呼较男性化的女生为女孩子，较女性化的男孩为娘炮。可是何来男性化，何来女性化？这些要求都是我们人为规定的罢了。而如今我觉得这些敢表现出自己本来样子的人，不随世俗的人就如剧中女主一般存在。
表面的基列国并不可怕，因为还有人在反抗，还有人是觉醒的，当这种思想深入骨髓，视变态为常态时，那才可怕。我们生活的社会又何尝不是基列国，我们的思想从小被教化，大部分的男人女人依旧按着被定义的样子活着。<|endoftext|>processors in demanding
applications? This is a vital
question, and its answer shines
light on why FPGAs are
increasingly proliferating in
electronic equipment these days.
For starters, programmable
logic devices are capable of
working at much higher clock
rates than eight- and even 32-bit
FPGAs easily clock at 200 to 300
MHz, and more specialized
devices such as the UltraSCALE™
products from Xilinx (see Figure
2) can handle clock frequencies
close to a GHz. This brings with
it raw power which is even more
magnified when one realizes that
FPGAs do not require so many
clock cycles to execute
algorithms as processors do.
Instead, they are simply an
interconnection of gates,
transforming bits and bytes on-the-fly in real time. Thus,
complicated algorithms that require many instructions can
be profitably implemented in an FPGA, where processing
is only limited by the propagation delay of logic gates (and
a small overhead from gate interconnections). These
features can and do make FPGAs blazingly fast when
compared to microcontrollers.
Another advantage that FPGAs have over
microcontrollers is in the sheer profusion of I/O pins they
have. Whereas a typical microcontroller may give you 20
to 30 I/O pins, even a low-end FPGA typically provides
around 50 I/O pins. Larger FPGAs sport hundreds of pins
(see Figure 3), so you almost never run out of
connectivity with the external world.
As an aside, the large number of pins means that
FPGAs come in advanced multi-pin packages such as high
pin count quad flat packs and dense ball grid arrays. This
makes it difficult to solder them to PCBs (printed circuit
boards), but as we will see in Part 2, there are ways
Added to that is the flexibility with which one can use
the I/O pins. Thus, one set of pins can handle signals at
3.3V logic levels, whereas another set handles signals at
2.5V or even 1.8V. You can mix and match I/O banks
such that it is easy to perform logic level translation from
one standard to another. Note that 5V logic levels are
usually not supported on current FPGA chips.
Yet another attractive feature of FPGAs is the large
amount of logic resources they make available at very
reasonable costs. Even a small FPGA costing about $5
comes with the logic equivalent of tens of thousands of
gates. Larger devices easily give
you access to millions of gates
inside a single chip. The logic
resources can, of course, be
interconnected (configured) in
any way you like to realize
almost any digital function; be it
as simple as a basic AND-OR-NOT logic expression or an
entire Ethernet controller.
What is more, given the large
number of I/O pins and logic
elements, you can put a lot of
completely different digital
designs in a single FPGA. This is
very useful where one wants to
consolidate a number of different
digital ICs into a single physical
package. This approach saves
money and space, making
systems smaller, lighter, and
cheaper. Logic consolidation is a
big reason for the increasing
sales of FPGAs for commercial,
industrial, and military products.
Finally, over time, FPGAs have grown into veritable
SoCs so that other useful functions (besides just an array
of uncommitted logic elements) now come integrated on
the chip. Commonly available features include phase
locked loops (PLLs) for generating almost any frequency
on a chip, embedded memory blocks, fixed (and even
floating point) multipliers, and analog-to-digital converters
High-end FPGAs also feature integrated high speed
serial data transceivers. Using these integrated functional
blocks with user defined logic, one can build extremely
complex digital systems on a single chip.
When first introduced, FPGAs may look daunting.
How do you go about building useful systems with
something that is basically just an array of logic elements?
It turns out that this is simpler than one might imagine.
You can certainly use a gate-level circuit diagram for
simple circuits, but that will probably not end up using
even 1% of the logic resources available in modern
FPGAs. Proper utilization of the power of FPGAs demands
a radically different approach to describing circuit
The secret lies in using a hardware description
language (HDL) to describe the desired functionality.
There are several of these around but two — VHDL and
Verilog — are, by far, the most common HDLs; they are
employed by 99% of FPGA users around the world. Here
is the fun part — an HDL allows a developer to describe
the desired system in a high-level form without worrying
about its exact implementation in terms of logic gates.
40 October 2017
FIGURE 3. Top and bottom of a ball grid
array (BGA) FPGA package showing large
numbers of mainly I/O pins.
(Courtesy of Lattice Semiconductor Corporation.)<|endoftext|>
IL LIBRO DI ALMA
IL FIGLIO DI ALMA
Comprende il capitolo 5.
CAPITOLO 5
54
Sì, continuerete a supporre che siete migliori gli uni degli altri? Sì, continuerete a perseguitare i vostri fratelli, che si umiliano e che camminano secondo il santo ordine di Dio, tramite il quale sono stati portati in questa chiesa, essendo stati dal Santo Spirito, e producono opere che sono degne del pentimento?
Note a piè di pagina<|endoftext|>واکر معکوس مخصوص کودکان فلج مغزی برای اولین بار در ایران رونمایی شد
تبریز- ایرنا- واکر معکوس مخصوص کودکان فلج مغزی که برای نخستین بار در کشور تولید و به ثبت اختراع رسیده است، در تبریز رونمایی شد.
مدیر و موسس مرکز توانبخشی نواندیشان آویژه روز پنجشنبه در حاشیه رونمایی از این واکر به ایرنا گفت: واکر معکوس آویژه برای اولین بار در کشور ویژه کودکان فلج مغزی تولید شده است؛ این واکر برای ۲ سطح از ۵ سطح مقیاس ارزیابی مهارت های حرکتی درشت طراحی شده است
دکتر نادر علیرضالو افزود: مقیاس ارزیابی مهارتهای حرکتی درشت دارای ۵ سطح است که سطح ۴ و ۵ کودکان فلج مغزی شدید هستند که توان راه رفتن ندارند و سطح ۲ و ۳ کودکانی هستند که نیاز به آموزش های راه رفتن، کاردرمانی و توانبخشی دارند که اگر امکانات و تجهیزات مناسب داشته باشند به سطح یک که راه رفتن مستقل است، می رسند
وی ادامه داد: متاسفانه واکر معکوس که نیاز اصلی و ضروری کودکان فلج مغزی است که در ابتدای راه رفتن از آن استفاده کنند، در ایران تولید نمی شد و قیمت نمونه خارجی آن ۴۰۰ تا ۸۰۰ دلار است.
علیرضالو اظهار کرد: برای کمک به راه رفتن این کودکان به فکر تولید این محصول در داخل کشور افتادیم که در اردیبهشت ماه سال جاری طرح صنعتی آن را در اداره مالکیت معنوی به ثبت رساندیم و امروز رونمایی شد.
وی افزود: از این واکر در دنیا سه مدل کلاسیک، داینامیک و کروکودیل تولید می شود که ما در ایران مدل کلاسیک آن را طراحی و تولید می کنیم و درآستانه شروع و طراحی مدل کروکودیل هستیم.
مدیر و موسس مرکز توانبخشی نواندیشان آویژه اضافه کرد: برای راه اندازی خط تولید واکر معکوس ۵۰۰ میلیون تومان هزینه شده و روزانه در حدود ۵۰ واکر تولید می شود.
مدیرکل بهزیستی آذربایجان شرقی نیز در این مراسم گفت: در راستای اجرای اصل ۴۴ قانون اساسی ۹۹ درصد فعالیت های بهزیستی به بخش غیردولتی واگذار شده و یک هزار و ۷۰۰ مرکز غیردولتی در استان در حال فعالیت و اجرای اهداف بهزیستی هستند که دراین مراکز برای ۱۴ هزار نفر اشتغال زایی شده است.
فرگل صحاف با اشاره به رونمایی واکر معکوس ویژه کودکان فلج مغزی در تبریز افزود: این واکر برای نخستین بار در کشور در مرکز توانبخشی نواندیشان آویژه در تبریز طراحی و ساخته شده است .
وی با اشاره به مزیت های این واکر ،اظهار کرد: کودکان هنگام استفاده از این واکر می توانند از آن به عنوان تکیه گاه استفاده کنند و از لحاظ قیمت نیز یک دهم نمونه های خارجی است.
صحاف افزود: تمامی تولیدات مرکز توانبخشی نواندیشان آویژه به ۵۰ مرکز توانبخشی و دانشگاهی در سطح کشور نیز ارسال می شود .
وی ادامه داد: ۱۲ مرکز جسمی حرکتی روزانه در آذربایجان شرقی فعال است که از این تعداد ۵ مرکز در شهر تبریز و مابقی در سایر شهرستان های استان فعال هستند و در حدود ۵۰۰ نفر از امکانات این مراکز استفاده می کنند
وی با تاکید بر اینکه برای کاهش مشکلات معلولان و بازتوانی آنان تلاش می کنیم، گفت: امروز ۱۱ طرح اشتغال زایی در سراسر استان افتتاح می شود که برای ۶۵ نفر اشتغال زایی می شود.
لینک فیلم در آپارات<|endoftext|>4月19日，国际航空运输协会（IATA，下称“国际航协”）发布了最新的财务数据调查报告，2017年3月份，全球航空公司股价环比下跌1.5%，其中北美航空公司股价环比下跌6.3%，亚太航空公司股价环比上涨1.1%，欧洲航空公司股价环比上涨3.1%。尽管北美航空公司股价环比出现下跌，但与去年同期相比，北美航空公司股价依旧强势增长7.1%，全球航空公司股价同比增长12.8%。
另据国际航协针对62家航空公司的抽样调查显示，2016年第四季度航空公司息税前净利润同比去年下降1个百分点，降至8.3%。其中参与调查的21家亚太航空公司2016年第四季度税后净利润为11.06亿美元，税前利润率为10.0%。41家航空公司的净现金流占比在2016年第四季度下滑1个百分点，降至8.1%。2016年第四季度航空公司资本支出同比小幅下降，从2015年第四季度的14.8%小幅下降至14.2%。
报告还显示，今年2月，全球航空客运需求（按照收入客公里计算）同比增长4.8%，亚太航空公司国际客运量同比增长5.2%，在过去数月中保持强劲势头。亚洲境内客运量依然强劲，且亚洲至欧洲航线的运营状况因去年恐袭事件遭遇下滑后，已呈继续好转之势。运力增加2.9%，载客率增长1.7个百分点，达到79.8%。
2月，全球航空货运需求（按照货运吨公里计算）同比去年增长8.4%。亚太航空公司是货运需求同比增幅最大的地区， 2月份货运量同比增长11.8%（经闰年调整后的增幅超15%）；运力同比增长2.0%。跨亚太和亚太境内主要货运航线的贸易增长也体现出需求增势强劲，在过去6个月内业绩显著，目前货运量已回归至2010年全球金融危机后经济反弹期的水平。<|endoftext|>智通财经APP讯，恒益控股发布公告，公司发行1.9亿股，每股发行价为0.85港元;每手5000股，预期10月12日上市。
公司公开发售超购12.48倍。公开发售的发售股份最终数目为1900万股，占初步提呈的发售股份的10%。
此外，国际配售的发售股份最终数目保持为初步可供认购的1.71亿股，相当于超额配股权获行使前发售股份总数约90%。
所得款项净额1.3亿元，39.2%用于采购机器置换及提升产能;25.8%扩充劳工队伍;18.5%翻新及重新设计公司的现有生产设施;3.8%购买货车;2.7%升级公司的资讯科技系统及设备;10.0%用于集团的一般营运资金。
转自金融界<|endoftext|>通常情况下，作者、导师以及EA设计师约翰-布朗可以说是一个长期的货币投资者和投资者。在经历了11年的兼职交易后，他于2013年开始全职交易。他的出版物《外汇交易者的圣经》，包括明智的交易策略和信号。他是一个真正平易近人的交易员，此外还提供有价值的指导和指引。阅读更多内容，了解更多关于吉姆-布朗叶的信息。这篇文章通常由外汇专家撰写。
吉姆-布朗是外汇交易行业内的一个受欢迎的作者，此外，他还写了许多关于典型主题的书籍。这些指南涵盖了从典型的交易基础知识到更高级的主题，如市场动态和技术分析。他的第一本书，外汇货币交易，是一本特殊的入门书，可以让想了解外汇的交易者们找到。这本书还收录了他的一个买卖系统，这是许多读者赞赏的一个奖励。
通常情况下，这本书为外汇交易者提供了大量的实用指导，涵盖了基本和技术评估。它还涉及交易心理学。对于那些刚刚开始的人来说，这可能是一本优秀的出版物，因为它提供了工具和动力，以便开始除了做你的第一笔交易。对于试图了解外汇交易市场的个人来说，这是一个很好的参考资料，但对于想要了解行业的更多经验的交易者来说，它确实是一个宝贵的资源。
约翰-布朗是经验丰富的外汇交易者，此外，他还写了许多关于外汇市场的典型书籍。这些指南的内容各不相同，有的是推出初学者的典型市场指南，有的是专门介绍交易策略和典型市场动态的高级标题。他的第一本书《外汇货币交易》针对的是新的投资者，此外还包含了他的Facebook课程的奖金入口和他的交易方法之一。读者对外汇市场的短小精悍的指导已经受到了欢迎，他/她的外汇书籍通常是亚马逊上最畅销的书籍之一，这真的一点都不奇怪。
虽然吉姆-布朗通常是外汇行业的多产作家，但他没有公开提到他在这个行业的经历。然而，他的书在他/她的网站和他/她的Facebook页面上都是免费的。尽管他很成功，但他/她的建议其实并不经常实用。如果你是外汇市场的新手，最好能找到一个好的导师来了解市场的来龙去脉。如果你是公司的新人，吉姆-布朗的书可以帮助个人开始你的方式来盈利的行业。
这种书是可以自由下载的，当然可以在吉姆的外汇交易交易系统的网站上找到。一般来说，这本书包括量身定做的指标和典型的tradingview电子书。作为奖励，股东可以进入吉姆的私人Facebook课堂。还有与他的电子书相关的免费版本，无需掏出任何现金就可以保存。如果你是外汇交易的新手，约翰-布朗的书通常是一个不错的选择。<|endoftext|>La notizia del giorno è sicuramente il caos del sorteggio di Champions League, prima fatto e poi annullato. Ecco il motivo della ripetizione.
Sorteggio Champions League, il motivo della ripetizione
L’Atletico Madrid, poco dopo la fine del sorteggio di Champions League nei quali ha pescato
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Aires: Colihue. P. 232. ISBN 978-950-563-460-6. Rosa, José María. Historia Argentina, Tomo IX: La agonía del régimen. Buenos Aires: Editorial Oriente S. A. p. 50. "Historia Electoral Argentina, p. 58". Www.mininterior.gov.ar. Ministry of the Interior. December 2008. Retrieved 13 June 2017<|endoftext|>一、实施家暴是不是涉嫌刑事犯罪
在刑事上，施行强暴者造立室庭成员轻伤、重伤、与世长辞，构成犯罪的，由司法活动查究其刑责。对以致轻伤而受害人有证据注解的，受害者能够一向向人民法院谈到诉讼，控告施行强暴者侵害罪，受害者要提供法医判断、受暴表明。如变成损伤或一命归西的，由公安机关举行明察暗访。
辨方解读
家暴离异财产怎么分割？
在民事上，受暴者是无过错方，施行强暴者是过错方。因家庭暴力招致离婚的，过错方应负重伤赔偿权利，包蕴财产毁伤赔偿和生龙活虎损伤赔偿十大正规网赌网址 ，。无过错方因受暴付出的医药费、误工费、护理费等应由过错方赔偿，形成无过错方残疾的，还应担当无过错方残疾赔偿金等。别的，过错方还应赔偿无过错方由此引致的振作奋发损伤。无过错方可以在谈到刑事诉讼时顺手须求赔偿财产损失，也足以独立谈到民诉。
1、民事权利
不错。对实行家暴或荼毒、遗弃家庭成员构成犯罪的，依法深究刑责。
1、施行家暴或残虐对待家庭成员，受害人有权提出诉求。居委会、村委以至所在单位应当予以劝阻、调节。
受伤后，要登时去卫生站看病，告诉医务卫生人士受到损伤的由来，央求医务卫生人士详细、准确、客观地记下伤情，要专心保存那个证据：病历、治病小票、确诊证明、伤情判定书;保存好施行强暴者所用的凶器和别的留有施行强暴者或受害人印迹的物料，如木棍、刀、衣服裤子等。
是指发生在家庭成员之间的，以殴击、捆绑、禁闭、杀害恐怕此外花招对家庭成员从肉体、精气神、性等方面进行伤害和有毒的一颦一笑。家暴直接效果于受害者身体，使被害人身体上或精气神上呼吸系统感染到难熬，损害其身万事亨通康和人格尊严。家庭暴力产生于有血缘、婚姻、收养涉及生活在一块儿的家庭成员间，如孩他爸对老婆、父母对男女、成年子女对老人等，妇幼是家暴的尤为重要受害者，有个别老人、男人和残废之人也会变立室庭暴力的遇害者。
家暴离异公约什么写？
新《婚姻法》第43条规定“施行家暴或恣虐对待家庭成员，受害人有权提议诉求，居委会、村委以致所在单位应当予以劝止、调度，对正值施行行强暴力的家暴，受害人有权提议号令，居委会、村委以至所在单位应当予以劝阻，公安机关应付与制止。执行家暴或苛虐对待家庭成员，受害人提议倡议的，公安机关应当依据治安处理惩处条例付与重罚。”从那大器晚成分明能够看看，家暴已不复是家务事，阻止和处置家庭暴力已化作有关单位和公安机关的官方任务。那表今后：
受害人的维护合法权益方法：
此处提到的家暴是指轻微家暴和自诉家暴犯罪，而不富含公诉家暴犯罪，因为调节争辨只限于民间争议，居民委员会和街道办事处也只是全体公民大众自治协会，未赋于国家行政执法权和司法审判权、实践权。哀告能够行使书面格局，也可以行使口头格局。诉求的指标是居委会、街道事务厅和所在单位。在居委会、村委或所在单位的老板下，以国家法律、法规、规章、政策和社会公德为依据，对于当事者双方张开调治、劝说促使他们相互谅解，平等协商、自愿实现公约，覆灭纷争。有关单位对于实施家庭暴力或肆虐对待家庭成员那类民间争论进行疏通的显要应该献身查明案件实际的根基上，以刑名、准则、规则和章程、政策和社会公共道德对于凌虐方予以严肃的争辨、教育。
公海网站555000jc ，2、行政诉讼法律义务
1、在刑事上，施行强暴者造立室庭成员轻伤、重伤、驾鹤归西，构成犯罪的，由司法活动追查其刑责。对引致轻伤而被害人有证据注明的，受害者能够直接向法庭提及准则对家暴有何样相关规定，都以武力。诉讼，控告施行强暴者加害罪，受害者要提供法医判断、受暴注解。如产生损伤或命赴黄泉的，由公安机关进行暗访。
3、实行家暴或荼毒家庭成员，受害人提议倡议的，公安机关应当服从《治安管理惩处法》予以行政惩处。公安机关经过考查属实，应依赖有关规定授予相应的重罚。
意气风发损伤的赔偿数目依据以下因素分明：(风度翩翩卡塔尔侵害版权人的偏差程度，法律另有规定的除却;(二卡塔尔(قطر加害的花招、场所、行为艺术等实际内容;(三卡塔尔(قطر侵犯版权行为所产生的结果;(四卡塔尔国侵犯权益人的赢利情形;(五卡塔尔(قطر侵犯版权人承责的经济技艺;(六卡塔尔(英语：State of Qatar)受诉法庭所在地平均生活品位。
：
在行政上，暴力剧情较轻，形成轻微伤害的，受暴者建议供给的，能够由公安机关依据治安管理惩罚条例，对施行强暴者进行警告、罚款、拘留。
家庭暴力是指产生在家庭成员之间的，以殴击、捆绑、禁闭、迫害也许此外手腕对家庭成员从肉体、精气神、性等方面张开加害和重伤的表现。
2、在行政上，暴力剧情较轻，变成轻微伤害的，受暴者提议供给的，能够由公安机关依照治安管理惩罚条例，对施行强暴者举办警告、罚款、拘留。
2、对正值举办的家暴，受害人有权提议央求，居民委员会、村委会应当予以劝止，公安机关应当授予幸免。
至于精气神儿损伤赔偿，可以由夫妻两方开展磋商，鲜明数额，要是左券不成的话，法官会基于实际酌处。
家庭暴力的王法机关
证据的保留是关键：
二、家暴要负什么义务?
法律对家庭暴力有怎么着相关规定？家暴的法度机关有何？律师365作者收拾了家暴的连锁法律知识，请阅读下边包车型地铁稿子掌握。
是因为咨询者平日惨被家暴，在离异时可以向你老公提议离异损伤赔偿，具体的号令包涵物质有毒赔偿和动感损伤赔偿。
3、在民事上，受暴者是无过错方，施行强暴者是过错方。因家暴以致离婚的，过错方应负重伤赔偿权利，包罗财产损伤赔偿和精气神毁伤赔偿。无过错方因受暴付出的医药费、误工费、护理费等应由过错方赔偿，产生无过错方残疾的，还应负责无过错方残疾赔偿金等。别的，过错方还应赔偿无过错方由此产生的动感侵凌。无过错方可以在谈到刑事诉讼时顺便须要赔偿财产损失，也得以独立谈起民诉。
正在施行家暴是指暴力行为从发轫到截止。家暴是指任何类型的家暴，不以轻微家暴和自诉家暴犯罪为限。但品质上无法劝阻、救阻的除此而外，如既遂杀人。劝阻是指劝施行强暴者甘休实践暴力行为。防止是指利用强迫花招使加害人的家暴行为终止，不容许继续从事家暴行为。
家暴奉行者对联合生活的家庭成员常常以打骂、捆绑、冻饿、强迫超体力劳动、约束人身自由等形式，从肉体、精气神上损害、折磨，剧情恶劣的，构成“虐待罪”，应处2年以下短期徒刑，拘役抑或关押;假诺引起被害者重伤、病逝的，处2年以上7年以下短期徒刑。
小两口一方家暴怎么判离异
辨方提出
家，是快嘴快舌温馨的避风港，纵然境遇再大的挫败，在家园亦可获得安抚。可是，若现身了家庭暴力，温馨的海港就会化为难熬的“炼狱”。
本身与女婿成婚八年了，平常打本身，我今天实际上不能忍受了，想建议离异。这种处境离异能够必要离婚损伤赔偿吗
二是要考虑过错方的经济担任工夫，呈现出对过错方的有效制惩。
从主体来看，施行强暴者和被害人之间有着一定的妻儿关系。施行强暴者平常在家中中居于强势地位;受害者平时在家庭中居于弱势地位。
家暴
家暴的隐瞒性
根据治安管理惩戒条例的显明，对推行家暴还没构成犯罪的可处以12日以下拘押、200元以下罚钱大概警告。
有关法律咨询
3、刑责
1、提起离异诉讼;2、必要毁伤赔偿;3、说起刑事自诉;4、重新谈到诉讼，当事人对检察机关的疏通后悔的，还足以另行聊起诉讼;5、进行申诉，未予立案的，被害人可到检察机关的控申部门开展申诉。
在规定离异损伤赔偿的数据时，应当酌量的成分：
一是要考虑赔偿数额相应能够慰藉婚姻无过错方所碰到的心灵上的伤疤和饱满上的惨烈，且要以受理诉讼的法庭所在地的核心生活水平为准。
《最高人民法庭关于显明民事侵犯权益振作振作损伤赔偿义务若干难题的演讲》第10条规定
三是要思量过错方伤害的进程程度、手腕、场所、后果和潜移暗化等切实内容分明其赔偿义务，以保养婚姻当事人的合法权利和利益。
在十分受家暴时，受害者要首先保险本人的安全，使本身少受伤害，及时保存证据，然后到辖区公安局报案，以维护笔者的合法权利和利益。不要隐忍和低三下四，勇敢地向各级中华全国妇女联合会和司法活动求助。
连锁法则
它的定义较普遍，身体暴力、精气神儿暴力、性暴力，都是暴力，甚至还仿佛语言暴力。
要由被害人提出证据申明相公的过错行为对您形成的实在财产损失有微微，只要法院查验属实，就能够以实际景况为限，损失稍稍，赔偿多少。
施行强暴者需担责：
那么些受害人民代表大会超多为女士、小孩子或老人。这个人往往相当不足独立的生活技巧和自卫力量，在“家私不可外说”那意气风发陈旧思想的熏陶下，长时间对施行强暴者接收忍让态度，进而产生施行强暴行为有着自然的掩盖性。
所谓“家家冷暴力”，是指夫妻双方发生冲突时，漠不保养对方，将语言沟通降低到最低限度，截至或敷衍性生活，懒于做百分百家务专业等业余暴力行为。家庭冷暴力实际上是风姿洒脱种饱满残虐对待。
根据新婚姻法的规定，家庭暴力是合法离异理由之意气风发，何况受害者能够供给家庭暴力奉行者担当损伤赔偿的民事权利。
冷暴力<|endoftext|>Grazie per aver partecipato allo studio ricerca GlobalSCAPE!
Questo studio invita i Comunicatori Scientifici di tutto il mondo a catturare un'ampia gamma di punti di vista contribuendo a chiarire il panorama della comunicazione scientifica del domani. Questa ricerca si concentra sulle modalità con cui i Comunicatori Scientifici gestiscono le sfide personali e professionali, mentre sono coinvolti in attività comunicative.
Chi dovrebbe partecipare a questo studio?
Persone attivamente coinvolte nella comunicazione di risultati ottenuti in ambito scientifico o di ricerca ad un pubblico non accademico. Questo può riguardare impegni professionali, decisioni essenziali o la creazione di contenuti di carattere comunicativo.
Che cosa ti viene chiesto di fare?
Abbiamo bisogno del vostro aiuto per rispondere ad alcune domande relative allo studio completo. Vi ringraziamo per la vostra disponibilità nell'aiutarci in questo progetto. Questo questionario dovrebbe richiedere circa 12-15 minuti per essere completato. Lo studio de diario seguirà le vostre esperienze per un periodo di 12 mesi per osservare come rispondete alle sfide della comunicazione scientifica nel tempo. Ci sono solo alcune precisazioni che vorremmo fare prima di proseguire:
- Devi avere almeno 18 anni o più.
- Qualsiasi informazione personale fornita su di te rimarrà confidenziale.
- I dati che invii saranno completamente resi anonimi e utilizzati per la ricerca, la valutazione e le future pubblicazioni del progetto di ricerca GlobalSCAPE.<|endoftext|>The psalmist poetically compares the Jewish people to a beautiful dove:
“Wings of the dove, covered with silver, and her pinions with shimmering gold.” (Psalms 68:14)
What is the significance of this metaphoric dove, with wings of silver and gold?
The Talmud (Berachot 53b) relates that Rabbah bar bar Hannah was once traveling with a caravan. The fourth-century Babylonian scholar ate at a rest stop, but only remembered that he had not recited Birkat Hamazon (grace after meals) after the convoy had already continued on its journey.
Rabbah wanted to return to the location of his meal in order to recite Birkat Hamazon there. But he thought to himself: If I tell them to go back because I forgot the blessing, they will say, “Just recite it here; after all, anywhere you pray, God hears you.” Better I should tell them that I left behind a valuable golden dove.
That is what the rabbi did. Convinced of the importance of going back, the entire group returned to the spot, and Rabbah was able to recite Birkat Hamazon in the place he had eaten.
And then, perhaps as a reward for his diligence in performing mitzvot, Rabbah bar bar Hannah found there a golden dove.
Is there some connection between grace after meals and the golden dove?
Different people have different attitudes toward mitzvot. Most people recognize that fulfilling mitzvot instills an overall mindset that we are serving our Creator. They do not grasp, however, the importance of detailed halachot and minutiae of mitzvot. As the Sages noted, “An ignoramus cannot be pious” (Avot 2:5). It was obvious to Rabbah bar bar Hannah that his fellow travelers would react by saying, “Anywhere you pray, God hears you.” They would not understand the importance of reciting Birkat Hamazon in the proper place.
The wise individual, on the other hand, recognizes the value of mitzvot in their powerful influence on our lives. Each fine detail is designed with sublime wisdom, contributing to the mitzvah’s overall impact.
What is the significance of the golden dove? Rabbah understood that when we recite Birkat Hamazon in the location where we ate, we are performing a powerful spiritual act precisely where we were most deeply involved in materialistic pursuits. Elevating the physical aspects of life is like mining gold from the very depths of the earth and giving it wings to fly higher and
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sionista.
“Appassionato pioniere della birra. Alcolico inguaribile. Geek del bacon. Drogato generale del web.”<|endoftext|>آگهی دعوت مجمع : آگهی دعوت مجمع عمومی برای شرکت های سهامی حداقل یک بار در سال برگزار می شود. اطلاع رسانی برای شرکت کردن افراد در این مجمع از طریق انتشار آگهی صورت می گیرد.
آگهی مجمع در روزنامه
برای سفارش آگهی در روزنامه، دکمه “ثبت آگهی آنلاین” در بالای صفحه را کلیک کنید..<|endoftext|>شاخص انتخابات: ما باید به سمت توسعه سیاسی حرکت کنیم و به اعتقاد من طرح استانی شدن انتخابات، گامی در این راستاست. با اجرایی شدن این طرح، اختیارات شوراهای شهر افزایش پیدا خواهد کرد و شاهد واگذاری اختیارات شهرستان ها به شوراهای شهر خواهیم بود که تحول خوبی است.
از سوی دیگر در شرایط فعلی به نظر می رسد که پاسخگویی نمایندگان، کم است اما با استانی شدن انتخابات، اثرگذاری گروه ها و احزاب مختلف، بیشتر خواهد شد و وقتی احزاب پاسخگو شوند، نمایندگان هم باید به احزاب پاسخگو باشند.
نکته حائز اهمیت دیگر این است که در شرایط فعلی، بسیاری از امور اجرایی عملا به گردن نمایندگان افتاده است و مدیران اجرایی کار خودشان را انجام نمی دهند و مباحثی چون دخالت نمایندگان پیش می آید. با اجرایی شدن طرح استانی شدن انتخابات این مسائل به حداقل ممکن خواهد رسید و علاوه بر این، نیروهای زبده تر و توانمندتری به مجلس خواهند آمد.
بهروز نعمتی، نماینده تهران
منبع: جام جم<|endoftext|>巴黎高级商业研究学院先后传出反犹太以及歧视中国学生的事件。
台湾中央社30日报道，在该校教室出现纳粹标记后，上周又传出有学生发表针对中国学生的歧视言论。一名学生在社媒上公开以带有歧视意味的“Ching Chong”称呼一名中国学生。
报导引述一名中国学生表示，“Ching Chong”是一个百年前就被用来滑稽仿效中文发音的侮辱性词语。
对此，校长陶德（Peter Todd）致信全体学生和教职员说，“我们说得明白点，这就是歧视，因为这些言论依照族群丶文化或种族根源来贬低他人”。
他认为，校方需严肃看待事件，并已就此展开内部调查。
（责编：韩洁）<|endoftext|>Questo volume raccoglie, otto belle fiabe della tradizione riscritte da Roberto Piumini e da Stefano Bordiglioni, e raccolte per tematica, tutte riccamente illustrate. Il principe felice, l'omino di pan zenzero, Aladino. Il pescatore e il pesciolino, Sinbad il marinaio, Giovannin senza paura. Alì Babà e i quaranta ladroni, l'anello magico.
Illustrazioni di Alessandra Cimatoribus<|endoftext|>During its prehistory, Chile's desert north was occupied by numerous cultures scattered across the various ecological niches of the region. However, from the Late Archaic forward there is archaeological evidence for the sharing of resources and cultural elements across groups, a practice that intensified during the Middle and Late Intermediate Periods. We explored the dietary composition of local populations through stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses. Our results show a high consumption of marine protein along the coast and nearby regions as well as a possible increase in maize consumption over time. Interestingly, these results show that there was substantial dietary variety internal to these groups. This supports the idea of a regular flow of people and food between the coast and the highlands throughout the prehistoric period.
|Translated title of the contribution||Exploring dietary diversity in the prehistoric Atacama: An approximation of regional patterns|
|Number of pages||9|
|State||Published - 2015|
- Atacama desert
- Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses
ASJC Scopus subject areas<|endoftext|>آیا اتاوا باید برای حمل و نقل شهری مهاجران تازه وارد هزینه بیشتری پرداخت کند؟
اخیرا مهاجران، دانشجویان خارجی و کارگران مهمان نسبت به جمعیت وطنی خیلی بیشتر از حمل و نقل شهری استفاده می کنند. آیا اتاوا نباید کمک بیشتری کند؟
از اوایل سال 2016 رفت و آمد با اتوبوس و ترن در مترو ونکوور به سرعت افزایش یافته است. از آن زمان تا به حال این افزایش 17 درصد بوده است. رئیس هیت مدیره ترنس لینک می گوید که این درصد از نرخ رشد را در منطقه آمریکای شمالی یک رکود می نامد.
ارقام سرشماری نشان می دهد این درصد از رشد ناشی از افزایش جمعیت مترو ونکوور به دلیل ورود سالانه 35،000 مهاجر جدید و حدود 90،000 دانشجوی خارجی و نیروی کار مهمان به این منطقه است.
از آن جایی که سیاست های مهاجرتی توسط دولت مرکزی کنترل می شود و سیاست های شهری و استانی تاثیری بر تصمیم گیری انتخاب مهاجران برای زندگی در مراکز شهری کانادا ندارند، آیا بهتر نیست دولت فدرال برای بهبود وضعیت زیرساخت های حمل و نقل در مترو ونکوور و دیگر شهرهای بزرگ کانادا سرمایه گذاری بیشتری داشته باشد؟
برخی کارشناسان مهاجرت در پاسخ به این سوال جواب آری می دهند، برخی مطمئن نیستند و شرکت ترنس لینک در واقع پاسخی نمی دهد. این واکنش علی رغم ارقام سرشماری اعلام شده درباره نرخ بالای استفاده از حمل و نقل عمومی توسط مهاجران و دانشجویان خارجی و کارگران مهمان نسبت به جمعیت وطنی است.
از طرفی تمایل بیشتر مهاجران و ساکنین موقت به استفاده از اتوبوس و مترو نسبت به خودرو مزایای زیست محیطی به همراه دارد و از طرف دیگر، این حجم از تقاضا فشار زیادی برای افزایش زیر ساخت های حمل ونقل شهری تحمیل خواهد کرد؛ زیرساختی که به شدت مورد حمایت مالیات دهندگان قرار گرفته است.
ارقام سرشماری در مترو ونکوور نشان می دهد 17 درصد از مسافران غیر مهاجر از سیستم حمل و نقل عمومی استفاده می کنند در حالی که 36 درصد از مهاجران تازه وارد و 45 درصد از ساکنین موقت که بیشتر آن ها دانشجویان خارجی و کارگران مهمان هستند حمل و نقل عمومی را ترجیح می دهند.
کریس فریزن مدیر نظارت بر خدمات اسکان مهاجران در کانادا می گوید:” اتاوا باید برای حمایت از زیر ساخت های حمل و نقل شهر های بزرگی که مورد علاقه مهاجران، پناه جویان و ساکنین موقت است، هزینه بیشتری پرداخت کند.”
خبرکانادا، مرجع اخبار روز سراسر کانادا<|endoftext|>VPS是服务器被分为多个单元而来，所有这些单元均被虚拟化，而这些区分出来的单元也被称之为虚拟专用服务器。
而VPS云主机与其相似，当不同的地方在于它是从云服务器上被虚拟化出来的单元。云服务器是由云计算为基础，通过将资源连接在一起，然后进一步租给客户端使用。云最大的特点之一便是可以通过根据自己的要求进行轻松扩展资源。
VPS与VPS云主机的区别：
可用性能方面
如果服务器或其中的部分出现故障，那么VPS将会关闭或直接宕机，直到故障得到修复。而使用VPS云主机，即使出现了故障，系统也会重新路由到另一个可用的资源上，减少宕机事件发生的几率。
资源分配方面
VPS获得的CPU和内存等资源会均匀分布，可能会受到其他客户端的影响，而VPS云主机则相对更“独享”，它可以获得专用的资源，并与其他客户端文件完全隔离，也更为安全。
操作系统方面
因为所使用的技术基础不同，VPS基本只能同时安装一个操作系统，而VPS云主机中，用户可以自由选择需要用到的任何操作系统，并且可以自由安装或更换，更为方便。<|endoftext|>Chicago Transit Authority
One of our areas of focus at Forgotten Chicago is signage. Vintage signs, though often ignored, are a visual link to the past, often referring to buildings or institutions that no longer exist. Perhaps the most uniquely Chicago type of vintage sign that exists around the city involves politics and politicos who left elected office long ago. Being such a politically engaged city, officeholders in Chicago have often used signage to promote their accomplishments, and more importantly, their name. There is no better example than the dual signage seen at right located at Harlem and Pratt Avenues sometime in the early 1970s, showing both Mayor Richard J. Daley and Alderman Roman Pucinski (41st Ward) promoting street improvements.
What is most interesting to us here at Forgotten Chicago is when these signs still exist and refer to politicians that have long since left office. Driving around and exploring forgotten corners of the city, we have come upon many of these signs over the years. Here we will explore just a few of them, along with the often-colorful characters behind the names on these signs.
Just off an alley near the corner of Barry and Leavitt, the sign above still appears, rusting away on a garage. It is curious for both the alderman and the ward it refers to. This sign references the 45th Ward even though it currently sits in the 32nd Ward. The 45th is miles away, centered in the Jefferson Park neighborhood. What’s the story behind this curious sign?
The answer lies in the history of Chicago’s wards. Chicago has had 50 wards since the 1920s, yet many areas of the city grew in population much later than that, requiring a shifting of ward boundaries and sometimes a complete relocation of a ward. The 45th was once located here in West Lake View, previously a working-class German neighborhood. The alderman for many years was saloonkeeper Charlie Weber. A true Chicago character, he was also fanatic about keeping the ward clean (right). Every Christmas he would throw a party for the garbagemen in the ward, which he dubbed the “Knights of Cleanliness.”1
Weber and his wife suffered a tragic and sudden death in 1960; he accidentally left the car running in the garage of his house at Addison and Wolcott, and he and his wife died of carbon monoxide poisoning. His death coincided with ward remapping, which was ideal timing for Mayor Richard J. Daley, who used the opportunity to move the 45th Ward to the Northwest Side where a new ward was needed due to population growth.2 The 45th has been centered in Jefferson Park ever since, but this sign still remains as a reminder of a long gone ward and its alderman.
Nearby in the 33rd Ward, a sign (right) still appears on a utility pole in an alley near Elston and Rockwell. This “children playing” or “watch for children” sign is a great example of the most common vintage politician sign still found in Chicago today. Many aldermen and committeemen would place these signs in alleys in an attempt to get drivers to slow down in alleys. Of course, they also had the additional benefit of reminding everyone who was the alderman or party leader of that particular ward.
This sign was placed by Alderman Robert Brandt, another interesting political personality. Brandt’s uncle John was first elected alderman of the heavily Polish 33rd Ward in 1943 as a Republican, before switching to the Democratic Party and subsequently becoming Democratic ward committeeman in 1954.3 In 1960, he was elected to the Metropolitan Sanitary District board and would later serve as a state representative beginning in 1968.4 His nephew Robert then served as alderman of the 33rd from 1963 until 1971.5
“Watch for children” and similar signs can still be found in alleys all over the city if you look hard enough. Above is a cartoonish “keep our neighborhood” sign for longtime 25th Ward alderman and Democratic committeeman Vito Marzullo, located in an alley near 21st and California. The sign likely dates from the 1960s. Marzullo, an immigrant from Italy, served as alderman of the ward from 1953 until 1986. With his thick accent, he was known as one of the last of the old-line machine politicians.6 For an entertaining and informative look at Vito Marzullo (who passed away in 1990) from 1978, watch Vito, a documentary produced and directed by Tom Weinberg and available at the Media Burn archive.
The alley signs come in many types and some are of relatively recent vintage. From left to right, a 1960s-vintage sign near Ashland and Addison featuring Joseph Kerwin, alderman of the 46th Ward from 1963 until 1971; a 1970s or 80s-vintage sign near Damen and Roscoe featuring longtime 47th Ward Democratic committeeman Ed Kelly and Eugene Schulter (alderman from 1975 until 2011); a campaign “Watch for Children” sign posted near Ashland and Roscoe by unsuccessful 44th Ward aldermanic candidate Matt Fordham in 2003; a 1990s or 2000s vintage sign near Francisco and Nelson featuring Democratic committeeman and former 33rd Ward alderman Richard F. Mell; and a city-posted “Watch for Children” sign from the 1960s or 70s, demonstrating that the city posted non-political versions of these signs as well.
Next time you walk, drive, or bike through Chicago’s innumerable alleys, slow down and “watch for politicians” — windows into our political past that refer to elected officials and party leaders who indelibly shaped Chicagoland. With a little bit of research, you might be surprised at the intriguing stories and colorful characters behind these signs.
1. David K. Fremon, Chicago Politics Ward by Ward (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988), 299-300.
3. George Tagge, “Brandt Leaves G.O.P. Fold in Surprise Move,” Chicago Tribune, October 12, 1954, 12.
4. “Ward Remap Plans Given to Aldermen,” Chicago Tribune, July 7, 1961, 3; “November lineup for Upstate House,” Illinois Issues, July 1976, 11.
5. “Levatino, Brandt Locked in Giant Ward Struggle,” Chicago Tribune, February 17, 1963, Section 10-1; David K. Fremon, Chicago Politics Ward by Ward (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988), 219.
6. David K. Fremon, Chicago Politics Ward by Ward (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988), 164-166.<|endoftext|>به گزارش گروه اجتماعی خبرگزاری دانشجو، محمود واعظی در حاشیه جلسه هیئت دولت در جمع خبرنگاران در پاسخ به سوالی در خصوص علت تعلل در صدور حکم شهردار منتخب تهران، گفت: حکم آقای حناچی امروز صادر میشود و هماهنگیهایی که در این خصوص باید بین وزارت اصلاعات و کشور انجام میشد، صورت گرفته است.
پیروز حناچی، ۲۲ آبان ماه با رای اعضای شورای شهر به عنوان شهردار تهران انتخاب شد و در حال حاضر به عنوان سرپرست شهرداری تهران مسئولیت اداره شهر را بر عهده دارد.<|endoftext|>If I have a standard dice, I know that:
- It has 6 sides, all outcomes are known;
- It’s fair, allowing me to infer each side has 1/6 probability/frequency;
What if you didn’t know what are all the possible outcomes?
Let’s suppose someone is passing me colored balls, one at the time and I want to know what is the color of the next ball, given that:
- I received 10 balls;
- All were Red;
- I don’t know how many more balls are coming, It could be:
- a few more;
So, what is the color of the next ball?
Now consider another example.
I worked every day in the last 30 days. Will I go tomorrow? Again, I can’t say yes because my ability to travel to the future isn’t currently working and even if it were, how can I know every little detail will happen as expected? I can’t.
Well, we could go with “probably”. Let’s take a look in the dictionary:
Probably: “almost certainly; as far as one knows or can tell.” Oxford
The problem is, as far as I know this word is used when you actually know the size of the set of possible outcomes to say if, in fact such sequence of events that allow me to work tomorrow is actually significant enough to, at least do better than a coin flip.
But how many possible combination of tiny events can happen from the moment the question was posed to the moment I used to be at work?
Remember, tiny events can start chain reactions and the moment the question was posed, you may assume that very, very little will change. What if the assumption that everything will go as expected turn out to be wrong? well, that’s when chaos theory start the havoc.
In the example of the red balls, all I knew is that I received 10 red balls, but:
- I have no idea which is the color distribution of the balls to use the word “probably/likely”;
- Everything I received is based on sample, which is similar to:
- picking a glass of water, filling with sea water and inferring that the sea has no sharks since you detect none in your sample;
- saying “probably” going to work tomorrow when all I know is that I worked most of the previous days (samples). Each day is different, and I never lived the “tomorrow” yet, it’s outside of my samples and even an small event could start a chain reaction and could take me in a completely different direction. Same principle as Monty Hall, variable changes, change everything. I simply don’t have control over the sequence of events that could allow me to work tomorrow.
You see, the assumption that a given sequence such “I’ll go to working tomorrow” relies is very fragile and unlikely, so why the word “probably” and “likely” keeps showing up in conversations about future events? Well, samples and frequencies.
Yet, it would be naive to think this will remains always as expected, nature isn’t built to meet our expectations. Change is the default, not the exception.
Statements with assumptions relying on the future are, by nature, fragile.<|endoftext|>Nvidia 的新工具可让您直接在 PC 上运行 GenAI 模型
Nvidia 始终热衷于鼓励购买其最新的 GPU。 它发布了一款工具，允许 GeForce 30 系列和 GeForce 40 系列卡的所有者在 Windows PC 上运行人工智能驱动的聊天机器人。
Nvidia 发布了一款名为 Chat with RTX 的工具，允许用户离线运行 GenAI 并使用自己的数据对其进行微调。
来源和详细信息：
https://techcrunch
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ears, the lips, the eyes, the eyebrows, the arrangement of teeth, the shoulders, hands, fingers, toes, look, voice, gait, way of talking, etc., of different men. You will find vast differences between any two persons. Even the lines of the palm will differ. No two leaves are alike. Variety is the beauty of creation.
There are various types of mind. The Bengali type of mind is emotional and fit for devotion and art. The Madrasi type of mind is intellectual and clever in Mathematics. The Punjabi type of mind and Maharashtra type of mind are chivalrous. Bengal has produced emotional saints, Lord Gouranga or Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa Deva, etc. Madras has produced intellectual philosophers like Sri Sankara and Sri Ramanuja. Punjab has produced Guru Nanak, Guru Govind Singh, etc. The Sadhana and path of Yoga vary according to the type of mind, temperament and capacity. Tastes also differ. The sight of a fish brings excessive joy to a Bengali. The sight of tamarind and chillies excites the glosso-pharyngeal nerve of a Madrasi. The sight of a Palmyra fruit excites the Jaffna Tamil of Ceylon and brings excessive joy. The sight of meat brings a peculiar joy to a meat-eater. Is this not a mystery that an object lies outside and saliva appears in the tongue at the sight of it? Because you have this experience daily in everyday life, you do not attach much importance to it. Mind is very mysterious. So is Maya, too.
Even an infinitely superior mind is yet a mind and of the same mould as any man's.
Size Of The Mental Body
Mind is atomic (Anu) according to the Nyaya School; is all-pervading (Vibhu) according to the Raja Yoga School of Maharshi Patanjali; is of middling size (same size as that of the body) according to the Vedantic School.
Mind has got aura (mental aura or psychic aura). Aura is Tejas, brilliance or halo that emanates from the mind. The aura of those who have developed their minds is extremely effulgent. It can travel long distances and affect in a beneficial manner a large number of persons who come under its influence. The spiritual aura is more powerful than either the psychic or Pranic aura.
Influence Of Strong Mind Over Weak Minds
A strong mind has influence over weak minds. A hypnotist with a strong mind hypnotises a whole bunch or circle of boys of weak minds.
There are those among us who are much more sensitively organised than others. As an organism, their bodies are more finely and more sensitively constructed. These, generally speaking, are people who are always more or less affected by the mentalities of others with whom they come in contact, in whose company they are.
He who has purified his mind becomes a centre of force. All the lesser, impure, weak minds are unconsciously drawn towards the purified, greater mind, because they derive peace, power and strength from the greater, purified mind.
Mark the influence of a highly developed mind over a less developed mind. It is impossible to describe what it is like to be in the presence of a Master or developed adept. To sit in his presence, though he hardly speaks a word, is to feel a thrilling sensation so much as to feel new inspirations touching one mentally. It will be an extraordinary experience.
If you want to drink water at a tap, you will have to bend your body. Even so, a lower mind will have to bend (to be humble) before a developed mind if it longs to imbibe its virtues. The thought itself must be calm and unruffled. Then only you can draw inspirations. In such conditions only benign influences can be thrown down into the lower mind from the higher. In such calm, mental states, you can hold communion with God. Planning, angry and depressed moods-all disturb the mind and act as stumbling blocks to God-realisation.
Mind Is Ever Changing
Mind is nothing but a collection of Samskaras. It is nothing but a bundle of habits. It is nothing but a collection of desires arising from contact with different objects. It is also a collection of feelings aroused by worldly botherations. It is a collection of ideas gathered from different objects. Now, these desires, ideas and feelings constantly change. Some of the old desires and feelings are constantly departing from their storehouse, the mind, and new ones are replacing them.
This constant change does not in any way interfere with the harmony of mental operations. Only some of the old desires, ideas and feelings depart. Those that remain work in healthy co-operation and concord with the new arrivals. The new arrivals are strongly magnetised by the old ones. They both work in harmony and this harmony sustains the identity of the mental existence.
Mind is not only made daily, but always made. Every minute, it changes its colours and shape like a chameleon. It is very Chanchala (wavering) and Asthira (unsteady)-(Gita, VI, 26). Mind is constantly changing. You are gaining new experiences daily. Your beliefs and conscience of 1932 and the faculty which judges right from wrong will change in 1942. The mind evolves through experience. The world is the best teacher or Guru.
According to the state of his knowledge, man's conscience is built up and changes from time to time with the correction of his views, in the light of further knowledge gained subsequently. Conscience is one's own convictions arrived at either instinctively or by reasoning. The conscience of a child or a savage is entirely different from the conscience of a fully grown civilised man and, even amongst civilised men, knowledge varies so much that their consciences direct different lines of conduct. The conscience of a Sattvic man considerably differs from that of a Rajasic man. The conscience of a Sattvic man is very, very clean and pure.
Fourfold Mind Or Antahkarana Chatushtaya
Antahkarana is a term used by the Vedantins to include mind, Buddhi, Chitta and Ahankara. When used in a broad sense, it means the internal instrument. 'Antah' means internal; 'Karana' means instrument. It is the inner instrument (as distinguished from the term Bahya Karana, outer instrument or the senses or Indriyas) through which you sense, perceive, think and reason out.
Ahankara is derived from Prithvi-Tanmatra. (Tanmatras are Sukshma Bhutas or subtle elements. The five gross elements are derived from the Tanmatras.) Chitta is derived from Jala-Tanmatra; Buddhi from Agni-Tanmatra; mind from Vayu-Tanmatra; heart from Akasa-Tanmatra.
Mind is Chetana (intelligent) when compared with the senses. It is Jada (non-intelligent) when compared with Buddhi. Sankhya Buddhi or Buddhi in Sankhya Philosophy is will and intellect combined. Some put Chitta under mind, Ahankara under Buddhi.
Manas, Buddhi, Chitta and Ahankara are only Vritti-bhedas or functional aspects of the mind. The Manas has all things for its objects and extends through the past, present and future; it is one only, but has various functions. You are a Judge when you exercise your judicial powers in the court. You are a cook when you work in the kitchen. You are a president of an association when you sit in the chair in that capacity. You are the same man, but you function differently and you are called by different names according to those different functions. Similarly, when the mind does Sankalpa-Vikalpa (will-thought and doubt), it is called Mind; when it discriminates and decides, it is Buddhi; when it self-arrogates, it is Ahankara; when it is the storehouse of Samskaras and seat of memory, it is Chitta; also when it does Dharana and Anusandhana.
Who gave coolness to water, warmth to fire, motion to air? These qualities are their very nature. Even so, mind has got its Svabhava of running towards objects, Buddhi of determining, Ahankara of self-assertion and self-identification, Chitta of thinking (Smriti) of those objects which are identified by Ahankara.
When the mind is at work, Buddhi and Ahankara work simultaneously along with the mind. Mind, Buddhi and Ahankara work in healthy co-operation. Mind makes Sankalpa-Vikalpa. It thinks whether a certain thing is good or bad. Buddhi comes for determination. It is Buddhi which discriminates the Vishaya (Nischyatmika, Vyavasayatmika).
The Svarupa of mind is thought only. Mind is Sankalpa-Vikalpatmaka. It is Vyakaranatmaka when it forwards the decisions of Buddhi, the messages from Buddhi, to the organs of action for execution. Mind selects, attends and rejects.
Functions Of Mind
Sensation, thought and volition are the threefold functions of the mind. Cognition, desire, volition are the three mental processes.
Mind has three states, viz., active, passive and neutral. Mind always wants variety and new sensations. It is disgusted with monotony.
Law of Association, Law of Continuity and Law of Relativity are the three principal laws of the mind.
These are the characteristics of the mind, viz., change (Parinama), activity (Cheshta), suppression (Nirodha), ideation in action (Sakti), physical life (Jivana), characterisation (Dharma).
Thinking, planning, feeling, knowing are the various activities that are going on in the mind. Sometimes you plan. Sometimes you feel. Sometimes you try to know. Sometimes you think seriously. Sometimes you will (volition). Volition brings all the mental faculties into play. You must be able to know by introspection what exactly is going on at different times in the mind.
Aspects Of Mind
Conscious mind or objective mind, subconscious mind or subjective mind (Chitta) and superconscious mind are three aspects of the mind. You see, hear and read with the objective mind.
Sensational mind, rational mind and intuitive mind are three aspects of mind according to another classification of Western philosophers.
Heart is the seat of four Tattvas-Prana, Mind, Ahankara and Atman. According to Vedanta, the seat of mind is the heart. Ajna Chakra, which consists of two lotuses and which is tentatively situated in the space between the two eyebrows, is the seat of mind according to the Hatha Yoga School.
Seat Of Mind
Mind has various faculties and centres and operates through corresponding physical centres in the brain. Mind, Buddhi and understanding are in the Linga Sarira; but they operate through corresponding centres in the physical brain. The brain is not mind as the Westerners think. Mind has its seat in the physical brain. It gains experiences of this physical universe through the vibrations of the brain.
A king, though he has complete sway over his whole territory, though the whole kingdom belongs to him, has got special places for his residence. He has got a splendid palace in the capital and another beautiful, palatial building in Mussoorie or Mount Abu for his stay in summer. Even so, the mind, though it is all-pervading throughout the body, has got three places to reside in during the three states-Jagrat, Svapna and Sushupti. The seat of mind in deep sleep is heart. In dream, the seat of the mind is neck. In waking state, the seat of the mind is the right eye or Ajna Chakra. Just mark what you do in Alochana (deep thinking). You hold your finger in the chin, turn the neck to the right side, turn the gaze towards the space between the two eyebrows and then begin to think seriously on the problem in hand. This goes to show that the seat of the mind is the Ajna Chakra.
Mind Is Not Atman
In the West, the psychologists make a serious mistake in saying that consciousness is a function and attribute of the mind. It is Chit or Atman only that is Pure Consciousness Itself. Mind borrows its light from time to time from its source-Atman, the Light of lights or the Sun of suns and glitters temporarily like consciousness, like the golden gilt in brass. Mind borrows its light and power from Brahman, the source (Yoni), just as the iron-rod borrows its heat and effulgence from fire. Mind is Jada or non-intelligent, but appears to be intelligent by borrowing light from Brahman, just as water exposed to the sun borrows heat from the sun.
Mind can do only one thing at a time. It is finite (Parichhinna). It is Jada. It is the effect (Karya) of Sattva Guna. It is Vinasi (perishable). It is Chanchala (ever-fluctuating). It is a bundle of ideas, Samskaras, habits, impulses and emotions. It borrows light from the Adhishthana (the underlying substratum), Brahman. You can control the mind. The thinker is different from thought. There is no functioning of the mind in deep sleep. You always say, "My mind", as if mind is one of your instruments just like your walking-stick or umbrella. Therefore, mind is not the self-shining Atman.
Even in cases of delirium or in cases where there is paralysis of the mental functions, where a man loses his memory and other faculties partly or wholly, 'He' remains. The 'I' exists (Aham Asmi). The mind seems to be as much your property and outside of you as the limbs, the dress worn or the building you dwell in. Therefore, mind is different from 'I'.
Mind gropes in darkness. It forgets every moment. It is changing every second. If food is withdrawn for a couple of days, it cannot think properly. There is no functioning of the mind during deep sleep. It is full of impurities, Vasanas and Trishnas (cravings). It gets puzzled during anger. In fear, it trembles. In shock, it sinks. How can you take the mind, then, as the pure Self?
Manas is an organ of sensation and thought. This instrument must be under the control of someone who uses it. The Jiva or human soul is not the director of the mind, because we see that ordinary men cannot control their minds. They are simply swayed hither and thither by petty Raga-Dvesha, emotion and fear. Therefore, there must exist some other Being, who is Director of the mind. Who is that Being? He is the Manasah pati (Lord of mind), Antaryamin, Kutastha Brahman.
Just as you see the tree in front of you, there must be somebody to see and know what is going on in the mind of Jivas. That somebody is Kutastha. Kutastha is Brahman Himself. There is a tumbler in front of you. It cannot see itself. An instrument, eye and a seer are needed. If you say that the tumbler can see itself, then there will be Karmakartritva-bhava-virodha. It is a logical absurdity. Therefore, you have to admit that there is a silent Sakshi of the mind, who is eternal, unchanging, eternal knower, always the knowing subject. He is witnessing the motives and modifications that arise in the minds of Jivas.
Isvara or Saguna Brahman (Personal God) has full consciousness of Nirguna Brahman. That is His Svarupa- Lakshana. At the same time, he has full cosmic consciousness. He knows what is going on in every mind.
Consciousness per se or the Absolute Consciousness is common in all. This pure consciousness is one. It is Kutastha Chaitanya. All the workings of the mind, all modifications that arise in the minds of all are presented to the one common consciousness which is the witness of the mental Vrittis. Even though consciousness is one, when Rama is stung by a scorpion, only Rama feels and not his friend Krishna who is standing near him. Antahkarana or mind is different in every individual. It is Antahkarana that limits a man who is, in reality, identical with the Brahman or Supreme Soul! This identity is realised when the Avarana or veil of ignorance is removed.
The mind is an object of perception for Brahman. Atman directly cognises all the phenomena of the mind, viz., desire, imagination, doubt, belief, disbelief, shame, intelligence, fear, etc. He remains Himself quite unattached and unaffected like the omnipresent ether, like the crystal which reflects different coloured objects, like the sun.
Atman-the Source For The Mind
Manas, which expands through Sankalpas and Vikalpas, is generated with Brahman as its cause. The form which the endless Atman (Supreme Spirit) assumes through Sankalpa is Manas (mind). It first turned its back to discrimination and hence entangled itself in the folds of Vasanas of objects. The underlying substratum, Adhishthana of the mind, the source or basis for mind is Atman or Brahman or Absolute Conscious- ness. The Power of powers who gives power to the mind, the Light of lights who sheds light on the mind, the Seer of seers who witnesses the motives of and movements in the mind, the Support of supports on which the mind rests in sleep is BRAHMAN.
"Om Keneshitam Patati Preshitam Manah-Willed and directed by whom does the mind go towards its desired objects?" (Kenopanishad). To that Power of powers I bow with folded hands. That Power of powers I am (Soham, Sivoham).
That Secondless Supreme Being who resides in the chambers of your hearts as Antaryamin or Inner Ruler or Controller or Sutradhara or Sakshi (silent Witness), Antaratman (Inner Self), who has no beginning, middle or end, who is the source of this world, the Vedas, body, mind, Indriyas and Prana, who is all-pervading, who is unchanging, who is One Homogeneous Essence (Ekarasa), who exists in the past, present and future, who is self-existent (Svayambhu), who is independent (Svatantra) and who is self-luminous (Svayam- jyotis) is God or Atman or Brahman or Purusha or Chaitanya or Bhagavan or Purushottama.
During dream, you are splendid, effulgent light. Where does it come from? From Atman. The light that is present in the dream clearly indicates that Atman is self-luminous (Svayamjyotis, Svaprakasha).
God is Truth. God is Love. God is Light of lights. God is Peace. God is Knowledge. God is the embodiment of Bliss. God is Sat-Chit-Ananda-Existence Absolute, Knowledge Absolute and Bliss Absolute. God is Eternity. God is Immortality. God is Infinity. God is Avinasi, Supreme Vastu. God is All-pervading Essence or Substance. God is the only Sara Vastu. God is Infinite Beauty.
Bhagavan
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的尤吉斯是痛苦的不确定性。他没有想到leaving-he认为远景必须永远持续下去,他发现同志和兄弟。但是现在他会出去,而这一切将会消失,他将永远无法再次找到它!他坐在他的座位上,害怕和好奇;但其他人在相同的行想离开,所以他不得不站起来,沿着。只有一个星期左右,”斯科特说,把前面的药店,”或多或少”。这无疑是更多,近几周的时间里,但是从精神病学家的语调,他不会高兴听到这个消息,斯科特一直到自己。”电击的感觉你已经描述是最常见的一种SSRI抗抑郁药物戒断症状。你经历过其他的反应吗?头痛,疲劳,失眠吗?”””头痛,是的,”他说。”幻觉吗?””费尔德曼做了一个not-too-discreet嘟囔的声音。”这种停药综合症,是的,可能有任意数量的躯体,的心情,和精神运动反应,包括视觉和听觉障碍。”
但装甲车总是在后台的某个地方。任何德国坦克遇到的可以采取豹或虎的尺寸。太平洋上的盟军和日本空军也同样报告了驱逐舰是巡洋舰，巡洋舰是战舰。应激和肾上腺素是主要因素；在俄罗斯，装甲部队同样倾向于为了得分和自吹自擂而升级他们的对手。装甲修正主义者喜欢准确地说，只有三个老虎营在诺曼底作战，全是英国的部门。在他们人数最多的情况下，也同样如此。自诺曼底以来，发展了一个模式，其中双方都拒绝了四分之一，射击犯人，类似的前线暴行，作为错误，误解，或部分“战争的污秽恐惧，挫败感，复仇，完全敌视敌人的半色情刺激。缺乏经验的部队更容易被触发，1944年6月的两党都缺乏经验。即使是一个完全被意识形态化的德国人也可能看到雅利安人或多或少的差异。盎格鲁撒克逊人轻视，可鄙的Slavs。使事情变得比现在更糟也没有什么好处。在诺曼底的几天内，HitlerJugend谋杀加拿大囚犯的血腥元素该师的其他部队与一个英国营就当地停火问题进行谈判，使双方都能够将伤者带到安全地带。
作战艺术与英国从根本上的海洋战略范式无关。第二次世界大战后，美国需要40年的发展。甚至当时的热情比理解还要强烈。美国装甲师通常按一到两个或三个步兵师的比例在标准部队中分配。这既反映了艾森豪威尔的广阔战线战略，也反映了美国部署尽可能少的军队的政策。“90师赌博意味着装甲师必须保持在前，而不是集中装甲部队。8月13日，1987梅德沃德竞技场，东卢瑟福，新泽西州女孩刚刚离开。她带来了一些打击，我一直在浴室里追逐龙。我必须把她踢出去。所有这些BimbOS都是一样的。我不知道他们怎么能系鞋带，他们太笨了。
怀特正以难以置信的长腿向她跳跃。它以它自己的内在光发光，以便她现在能清楚地看到它。只有几百码远。它的皮肤像抛光的象牙一样苍白，它的大眼睛闪烁着深邃的光芒，深红色。在它的手臂上，微弱的蓝色符文燃烧，古老的病房反对死亡。是非常错误的,我们知道太少。”””伊万诺夫为什么想访问贝鲁特?”Badredeen问道。”土地。””所有的目光落在贾利勒上校的伊朗“圣城军”。”
然而，它却体现了许多学者注意到的德意志帝国的现代化。3月28日，HeinzGuderian被解雇为装甲部队首长和代理参谋长。顾德日安的位置从未完全稳定过，尽管他参与了7月20日被指控同谋的检查官，他接受对波兰本土军队的残酷镇压和对华沙的破坏，他的尾巴摇摇晃晃地支持军队日益壮大的纳粹化。一个醇厚的夜晚。道格的孩子们跑来跑去。没有药物，只喝几杯啤酒。我们明天扮演PoconoDowns。
他几乎不能分享过去几天的细节。瑞士账户,现在仔细设置是空的。大马士革0到账户,做出了贡献但他们意识到自己的存在。尤吉斯他似乎比演讲者几乎同样出色的人在会议上;他很穷,最低的低,hunger-driven,痛苦和他知道多少,他敢,取得了多少,英雄他是什么!有像他这样的人,too-thousands喜欢他,和所有的工人!所有这些奇妙的机械的进步已经由他的fellows-Jurgis不能相信它,似乎好得令人难以置信。总是这样,Ostrinski说;当一个男人第一次被转化为社会主义他就像一个疯狂的人,他无法理解别人怎么可能无法看到它,他将把全世界第一周。尤吉斯刚才会有足够的机会来发泄他的兴奋,总统竞选上,每个人都在谈论政治。Ostrinskibranch-local将带他去下一个会议,并介绍他,他可能入党。
笼罩的沼泽，在那里含油的水引起夜雾，带褶皱和中空的令人毛骨悚然的树林，这两个都是这些生物的完美住所。而Dunnwood回家的幽灵保护了这个王国，韦斯特兰也不是这样。十六年前，诺曼和托斯在这里以不计其数的比分去世了。在莫尔坦郊外高地上，一个营的炮火袭击了帝国的纵队，造成人员伤亡；反坦克炮挡住了师的装甲。第30步兵师和第3装甲部队停下来，然后反击第2装甲和警卫旗队。全能的战斗轰炸机-美国雷霆和英国台风-摧残了本区每一条道路上后备的无武装车辆。
从1943起，然而，武装党党卫军的队伍一般都是从征兵池里来的，通过定期从空军和海军强制转移来补充。导师们支持标准。超过一支军队已经伸展到极限，党卫队提供了强大的，有经验，激励干部进入新的装甲阵营。难怪康明斯生病。电力和电话服务必须从三个街区之外,通过一系列的修补绳索和线条,拼接到服务公寓。卫兵走一边,这样他就能通过,他进入了指挥所。
这意味着快速，装甲力量永久下降。旅也是罗琳反击的唯一援军。在初步行动中，第一百零六下FranzBake，在帕森斯队中最好的COS中，在8月8日黎明前，第九十步兵师出其不意。傍晚时分，Bake的男子中有四分之三落后，他原来的47架AFV中只有九架仍在运行。9月13日，一个法国装甲战斗群包围并歼灭了第112装甲旅：一场势均力敌的战斗预示着五天后发动的总攻势的命运。该死-也许我是污垢磁铁…附笔。今晚另一个费城秀…罗斯.海尔芬：尼基在女孩之旅中与女孩们交往，但她们从来都不是他的焦点。他更喜欢毒品。我们会喝醉，做很多克雷尔，他想要一个女孩，但从本质上说，他完全是以药物为导向的。他通常会一个人呆在自己的房间里。我们都知道这意味着他吸毒，不想和任何人分享毒品。
决定性初始坦克破坏者-文字，德国装甲师的有意识翻译是M-10：轻装甲的三英寸高速枪，在一个改进的舍曼底盘上打开顶盖炮塔，依靠惊奇，速度，并对其更受保护的敌人发起冲击。坦克驱逐舰概念受到如此尖锐和系统的批评，以至于它的起源常常被忽略。原本打算应用于1940年代早期的坦克作战。猜猜我们的豪华轿车司机是谁？对…萨夏…他妈的！当我看到他时，我知道我已经死在水里了……所以我问他有没有，然后他问我为什么没有给他回电话。好像他在惩罚我不接电话。所有这些经销商都在进行电力旅行，像那样他妈的杰森。最后，当我在浴室里尿尿的时候，他递给我一包波斯酒。
但我需要结束这一切。我们不属于一起。我要把这些日记藏起来因为如果她找到了日记，她就会失去心中留下的东西。而且我最好藏起我的小包萨迦特制调味品和他昨晚在演出时给我的那包新鲜钻机。还是更好，把它们和我一起带走。国会提出了一些棘手的问题，非常感谢保护骑兵坦克的建立。艾森豪威尔与参谋长乔治·马歇尔联系，要求尽快提供装有90毫米炮的AFF。盟军的重型轰炸机甚至致力于摧毁帝国的坦克工厂。
””你的臀部吗?”我说。”不,当然不是。在这里,这恶心的卷脂肪。””我看不到任何脂肪的迹象。但是我们以前这一观点,我认为没有理由再次失去它。他抓住了一个更好的蓝图,不是房子而是宝石,从1950年代,最初的设计它看起来像。欧文的声音了。”什么?””欧文拒绝,拽他的胳膊,盯着地上说话但很清楚:“骨头。”
7月24日，14师其中一半是机械化的，集中在卡昂周围。美国人面临九，只有三名机械兵，其中一人在支援疲惫不堪的步兵时被英军重创后，为了休息，他们向南旋转。装甲激光师例如，实际上是半移动式的，使用坦克巡逻由装甲掷弹兵控制的强点之间的空隙，这些装甲掷弹兵的半履带在车厢中被留下来当作无用的。7月25日，盟军轰炸机和美国炮兵炸开了德军前线，炸毁了大部分Lehr装甲车。夜幕降临时，树林变得越来越暗。在许多地方，大树的树根蜿蜒进入道路，为任何敢于夜间骑行的人制造危险。一片朦胧的雾气笼罩着天空，沉默星星，Borenson说服她放弃他们的旅程一段时间，因为他们等待月出。他们到达山坡上一个黑暗的山坡上，根特别厚的地方，然后关闭了道路。
因为我从北方骑马，可能是我。她正要跳上马，这时Borenson拦住了她。她几乎立刻听到蹄音。一个骑马的人沿着他们身后的路飞驰而去，用缰绳鞭打他的坐骑。他把她搂在怀里，抱到床上。和往常一样，有一次，她在他的怀抱里，她停止了对未来的思考，让现在的她去消费。星期二早上，他们计划去海滩旅行。
分部现在可以更好地集中精力策划和战斗，至少在原则上是这样。新装甲师仍然被授权两个坦克营，每辆坦克多达88辆。纸可能是无限耐心的；现实是不那么宽容的。在1944秋季，盟军重型轰炸机多次袭击了大多数大型坦克制造基地：戴姆勒-奔驰，纽伦堡人和亨舍尔虎II工厂在卡塞尔市。它打开了一个弹头，减缓了他的跌倒。当他离地面几步远时，他扔下一束红色的红色，使他慢下来，这样他就可以轻松地在街上着陆了。帽子被溶解成蓝色的灰尘和绿色的砂砾和一种类似树脂的气味，粉笔，雪松。他大步走向码头。他在几分钟之内找到了她，刚刚到达码头，她肩上挎着一个包。她改变了自己的制服，但仍然穿着裤子。
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You can view statewide statistics as well as more region specific information.<|endoftext|>* 500 Years of Resistance - Reprinted from Oh-Toh-Kin magazine. A great primer on 500 years of colonialism and the resulting indigenous resistance.graphic by Gord Hill* Indigenous Autonomy and Revolutionary Resistance - Speech by Amor y Rabia (Love & Rage) representative to the March 1997 Love & Rage Continental Conference. Looks at Mexican indigenous movements as a model for resistance movements. * Confronting Canada's colonial legacy - Theoretical overview of colonialism in "Canada". * Letter from Bruce Clark to Verna Friday * Confederated Native Court Judgement and Reasons - Both are comprehensive overviews of legislative colonialism. * From Wounded Knee to Capitol Hill - "The History, Achievements and Legacy of the American Indian Movement". * In Pursuit of Progress: A Colonial Narrative - Impact of colonialism on the indigenous peoples of the North * After Mabo, What About Aboriginal Sovereignty? - About legal status of sovereigntist movement in "Australia"; many parallels to the situation in North America.
Also see the documents indexed in
Neo-colonialism and global economics
Verdict, book, and video on AIM-sponsored international tribunal held to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Columbus's invasion of America. The tribunal convicted the U.S. government of numerous international crimes against indigenous people, including genocide.Night-Vision: Illuminating War and Class on the Neo-Colonial Terrain. Butch Lee and Red Rover. 1993: Vagabond Press, 496A Hudson St., Suite E14, New York, NY, USA 10014.
Available from Editorial El Coqui, 1671 N. Claremont, Chicago, IL, USA 60647 or the Puerto Rican Cultural Center in Chicago, tel: (312) 342-8023.
One of the best books around exploring neo-colonialism's implications on political theory and anti-colonial activism.
- Estimated aboriginal population in Canada: Indian 642,000; Metis 152,000; Inuit 42,000.
- Aboriginals as percentage of total Canadian population: 2.7. Percentage of land mass south of Yukon/NWT dedicated to them: less than 0.5.
- US aboriginals as percentage of total population in the United States, excluding Alaska: less than 1. Percentage of US land mass dedicated to them: 3.
- Native people in Canada as percentage of total population by region: Atlantic 1.3; Quebec 1.0; Ontario 1.4; Manitoba 10.6; Saskatchewan 10.5; Alberta 4.9; British Columbia 3.6; Yukon 18.2; Northwest Territories, 62.
- Province with the largest aboriginal population: Ontario, with 160,000 people, about 20 percent
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inyl esters. One retinyl ester—retinyl palmitate—is at the heart of a debate.
The retinyl palmitate controversy:
In 2000, the National Toxicology Program, which is run by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, announced that it would study how retinyl-palmitate-treated skin reacted to sunlight based on the “increasingly widespread use” of the compound in cosmetic products, including sunscreens.
READ MORE: Get Sunscreen Savvy
The compound is not an essential sunscreen ingredient, says Baumann, who suggests that manufacturers put retinyl palmitate in sunscreens as a marketing tool in order to claim anti-aging benefits even though the compound is among the least-effective retinoids for fighting wrinkles.
NTP scientists tested retinyl palmitate on SKH-1 mice, a hairless strain commonly used as a model in skin cancer research. One group was treated with a plain cream (that did not contain sunscreen) for control, a second with the same cream mixed with a small amount of retinyl palmitate, and the third with the cream mixed with retinoic acid (another A derivative). All were exposed to the same amount of simulated sunlight.
The NTP published preliminary results in 2010—which were approved by a peer-review panel earlier this year—showing that the mice swabbed with retinyl palmitate had a higher rate of skin tumors than both other groups. The cream-sans-retinoid group, however, showed a high rate of skin lesions. The study sparked an argument, which continues today, over the safety of sunscreens containing retinyl palmitate.
In one corner is the Environmental Working Group, a nonprofit consumer watchdog. Shortly after the N.T.P. made their preliminary results public, the E.W.G. put out a warning that sunscreens containing Vitamin A posed a cancer risk in humans (in an interview with YouBeauty, the E.W.G. amended that to retinyl palmitate; the N.T.P. did not test Vitamin A).
According to the E.W.G., 41 percent of sunscreen products with SPF 30 or higher contain retinyl palmitate, which they say is a significant increase from five years ago. The group recommends that consumers avoid sunscreen products containing the compound, and calls for better regulation.
“This is one of the high-profile examples of why the F.D.A. is asleep at the wheel in terms of regulating cosmetic safety,” says senior researcher Sonya Lunder. “It also shows how quickly that industry can shift.”
On the other side is a collection of cosmetic industry representatives and dermatologists, including some with financial ties to cosmetic companies. Their critiques: the control cream alone showed an increase in tumor rates (albeit not as high as the retinyl palmitate cream), when used in sunscreen an SPF would by nature negate any problems retinyl palmitate might cause, animal research does not perfectly extrapolate to humans, and SKH-1 mice are known to be particularly sensitive to sunlight.
Also, the control cream contained a carcinogen, which led to confusion over the independent effects of retinyl palmitate.
To retinyl palmitate or not to retinyl palmitate:
Santosh Katiyar, Ph.D., a professor of dermatology at the University of Alabama School of Medicine who has studied the photocarcinogenesis for two decades, says at least two of the NTP study critiques are inaccurate.
“The SKH-1 hairless mice is the best mouse model available for this purpose,” he says, “And, it is not difficult to extrapolate data from mouse model to humans because of similarity in their physiological systems.” A recent study in the journal Photochemistry and Photobiology agrees, concluding that the skin of SKH-1 mice exposed to UV light responds similarly to human skin. And according to Massachusetts-based Charles River Laboratories, which breed the mice, SKH-1 are “the closest mimic of the human in an animal model.”
Research on the effect of retinyl palmitates in sunscreens is, for now, paltry. One recent study by dermatologists from the University of São Paulo in Brazil showed mice treated with a sunscreen containing retinyl palmitate still showed thinning of the skin. Adding a photostabilizer (which slows the breakdown of SPF in chemical sunscreens) to the sunscreen-retinyl palmitate cream improved protection against UV light. The F.D.A., for its part, is not ready to release an official statement until the N.T.P. finishes studies “to clarify the noted effect of retinyl palmitate.”
So, what to make of all this? Until the N.T.P. and other parties conduct more tests—specifically, experiments with neutral creams and sunscreens—it is not possible to draw a firm conclusion.
“I tell my patients to avoid products in the day with retinyl palmitate, if it is high on the ingredient list,” adds Baumann, referring to the fact that ingredients listed near the top of a label typically appear in higher concentrations than those listed farther down.
“I do not feel that there is enough evidence to prove that it causes skin cancer. But, then again, can you give me one good reason to use it? I cannot think of any.”<|endoftext|>Eğer erken menopoza gireceğinizden korkuyor ya da risk grubundaysanız çözümü doğada!
Civanperçemi Kürü
15 g civanperçemini 1,5 L klorsuz su içerisinde kaynatın ve soğuduğu zaman süzün. Gün içerisinde öğünlerinizden önce 4 bardağa kadar tüketebilirsiniz.
Her gün için ayrı kür hazırlamalısınız. 3 hafta boyunca bu kürü uygulayın ve 1 hafta ara verin. Daha sonra tekrar başlayın ve aynı düzende 3 ay boyunca uygulayın.
Adaçayı Kürü
200 mL suyun içerisinde yaklaşık olarak 1 tatlı kaşığı adaçayını kaynatın. 10 dakika bekleyin ve daha sonra tüketin.
Bir hafta boyunca, aç karna sabah, öğle ve akşamları tüketin. Küre 2. haftanızda 2 gün, 3. haftanızda 3 gün devam etmelisiniz. 4. hafta küre ara verin. Bu şekilde 3 ay süresince uygulayın.
UYARI: Gün içerisinde 3 bardaktan fazla tüketmeyin. İçerdiği linoel ve kafurun gibi uçucu yağlar bir süre sonra etkisini kaybedeceği için bir yıldan daha fazla bekletilen adaçayını tüketmeyin. Limon veya şeker içeren tatlandırıcılarla birlikte kullanmayın. Hamilelik döneminde kullanmayın.
Çobançantası Kürü
1 L sıcak suyun içerisine, 25 g çobançantasını ekleyin ve iki üç dakika kaynatın. Daha sonra süzün.
Bir hafta boyunca her gün tüketmelisiniz. Her gün yaptığınız kürü tüketmelisiniz. Bir hafta ara verin ve tekrar uygulamaya başlayın. Bu şekilde bu kürü 3 hafta uygulayın.
Çayı sıcak ya da soğuk tüketebilirsiniz.
Kaynak:https://www.bilgidoktoru.com/menopozdan-koruyan-uc-ayri-bitkisel-kur.html<|endoftext|>东京奥运会好像办的时间长，负责规划的日本最高法院迟迟不颁布条文，2022年东京奥运会规划的还是2020年。选址的能良设计事务所据说5年前就开始设计图纸了。上千万的工程就这样荒废着。官员当然希望东京奥运会的吉祥物是顶级好看又纯色的，不过既然选址能良了，就不建议再做冬奥会的吉祥物设计了，基本上全都是去了美国买的。东京奥运会吉祥物设计作品集，可以到这里观看。质量和审美俱佳--艺术家的优秀作品。东京奥运会吉祥物设计--艺术家的优秀作品！东京奥运会吉祥物设计--艺术家的优秀作品！好不容易有块牌子立在plane，而且并不是什么高端制造中心，所以美术馆里面的制作工人也并不多。
东京奥运会残障方队选拔赛东京奥运会残障方队选拔赛，是由日本教育委员会、东京奥运会协助的一项国际性新军与其选拔赛。这项赛事于每年夏季与秋季都进行，主要对象是日本选手，也有部分国家的选手。这项赛事由46支参赛的国家奥委会以及中国奥委会联手选拔组建，并于每足两年进行一次。在这64强过后还将进行4强抽签。这项赛事主要选拔由队员组成的队伍。从43支参赛的国家奥委会中分成12支代表参赛队。每个代表参赛队中有2支队伍，每支队伍有2名apm最佳成绩员和4名2球最佳成绩员。日本教育局于1986年3月19日决定，日本队从2004年开始，在2004年夏季奥运会前的12个月以外，比赛在日本举行。
竞技体育往往比大众体育发展得更靠谱，毕竟智力体力影响力都被厂长融入体系之中但是，在我的理解里，所谓中国文化，更多的应该是中华文化文化这个词是有问题的，文化的东西应该是波澜大起，大浪淘沙，最好的作品也往往难登大雅之堂中国根本就没有文化，所谓中国文化根本就不应该是靠弘扬民族传统文化或是创造遂其纲常之道新兴民族文化常态化，负担不起这些开发潮流或是懒于做基础西化，中华文化就没有形成。近代以来，儒道佛神三教都在步步为营，最后统一成国家认同。如果文化真的这么差，为何激进的美国和奥观海经常用america going to america来搪塞？而业内代表的美国人就开始偷换逻辑，无论是政府，或是文化代表，都不是认同美国文化的，从来不是符合美国传统，而是崇洋媚外，内部一团浆糊。<|endoftext|>High blood pressure (BP) is the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, contributing to the greatest global burden of disease [1,2]. There are major deficiencies with respect to optimal awareness, diagnosis and treatment of high BP, and these problems persist across low-income, middle-income and high-income countries, altogether emphasizing the need for widespread population-level improvement . Reassuringly, if the presence of high BP can be correctly identified with appropriate use of accurate BP devices and BP measurement protocols, the risk of future cardiovascular events can be reduced significantly with BP-lowering medications , dietary and lifestyle interventions .
The accurate measurement of BP and the diagnosis of hypertension are crucial because misclassification can have serious clinical consequences . An overestimation of BP based on inaccurate measurement could lead to the initiation, and potential lifelong continuation, of unnecessary medications with possible side effects as well as unwanted social effects including anxiety, workplace absenteeism and increased costs from insurance and medications . Conversely, if inaccurate measurement results in underestimating BP, an opportunity to prevent avoidable cardiovascular events may be missed. These are nontrivial problems, in that relatively small systematic inaccuracies can lead to misclassification of many millions of people at the population level . Thus, accurate BP measurement has been cited as one of the most important tests in clinical medicine . The accuracy of BP measurement is a serious and frequent problem of contemporary clinical practice that should be considered as an issue of patient safety.
One of the key actions of The Lancet Commission on Hypertension was to improve BP evaluation from better quality of BP measurements through endorsed protocols and validated (accurate) BP monitors . Manufacturers must adhere to strict regulatory processes to bring a BP device legally to market. However, many loopholes have been identified which lead to BP devices of poor or unknown accuracy being widely available for clinic use, including for self-monitoring at home [12–19]. The effects of unknown BP errors can influence the clinical environment, epidemiology and research, and even contribute to discrepancies among hypertension guidelines . From about 3000 cuff-based BP measuring devices on the market today, less than 15% have published evidence on accuracy performance . These nonvalidated BP devices are used in clinical practice and are more likely to be inaccurate [22–24]. Furthermore, a variety of new BP measurement technologies using sensors and cuffless techniques are also now emerging for sale, but there is minimal guidance on appropriate standards for accurately testing them.
The aim of this article is both to summarize the current situation regarding the regulatory requirements and accuracy standards for BP measuring devices, and also to redress the problems mentioned above by providing recommendations and actions towards improving validation and reporting standards for BP measuring devices. This article is fully aligned with the WHO policies on medical devices and can assist to catalyse the full implementation of the related World Health Assembly resolutions [25,26]. Ultimately, this work seeks to facilitate the global availability of validated BP measuring devices, thereby increasing the probability of better BP management and decreasing the worldwide burden of high BP.
HOW A BLOOD PRESSURE DEVICE BECOMES APPROVED FOR SALE
Many countries have legal processes in place, whereby a manufacturer of a BP device must demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements before being given clearance for sale of the device. It is beyond this review to detail the specific regulatory processes among different countries, as these differ across the world and involve substantial complexity. However, the general overriding principles of regulatory processes are to ensure that BP devices meet acceptable standards of quality, safety, reliability and effectiveness (e.g. suitability for intended purpose).
If a company decides to market a BP device, it must submit an application that is reviewed by the regulatory authority within the jurisdiction of sale [e.g. the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA, USA); Therapeutic Products Directorate (Canada); or Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia), to name a few]. If the information provided by the manufacturer meets the local regulatory requirements, a licence (or clearance) is issued for sale of the device within that country. In general, there are increasing levels of regulatory requirements and assessments as the level of potential risk from the device to the consumer rises. Thus, as BP devices are classified as low-to-moderate risk, the regulatory requirements are lower than those for high-risk medical devices.
Although not required by law, a common way for the manufacturer of a medical device to demonstrate compliance with regulatory requirements is to show that the device conforms with published standards relevant to that device. Standards are documents designed to set out the specifications, procedures and guidelines to ensure the quality, safety and effectiveness of devices. The International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) develops standards for use globally, but separate national or regional standards may also exist.
STANDARDS FOR ASSESSING THE ACCURACY OF BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES
Efforts to validate BP devices formally started in the 1980s . In 1987, the US Association for the advancement of medical instrumentation (AAMI) developed a clinical validation protocol for BP devices [28,29], which was followed by a similar protocol from the British Hypertension Society [30,31]. In 1999, the German Hypertension League developed another protocol and in 2002 the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on BP Monitoring developed their International Protocol, which they revised in 2010 [33,34]. These protocols have been revised by adopting more stringent criteria [29,31,34]. In 2004, the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) published another standard , and in 2009 the ISO also developed a standard largely based on the AAMI and CEN standards. This was adopted by AAMI . In 2013, a revised version of the AAMI/ISO Standard was published .
While the abovementioned validation protocols and standards have similarities in concept and core procedures, they also have several methodological differences regarding important issues such as the sample size required, selection criteria for the participants, the validation procedure, the efficacy measure and the criteria to pass . This variation has confused researchers, physicians, consumers and manufacturers as to which protocol should be preferred and why. Furthermore, even when allegedly following recommended protocols, investigators can make incorrect claims about validation . After three decades of persistent efforts by several prestigious organizations for optimizing the validation process there is no doubt that science, the public, the regulatory bodies and industry would be best served if a single standard for validation of BP monitors is agreed and universally accepted.
In 2017, an international initiative to establish a universally acceptable standard for evaluating the accuracy of BP measuring devices was put in place by the AAMI, ESH and ISO committees . This Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018) consolidates previous evidence and will progressively replace all previous protocols used around the world. In order for this initiative to achieve global impact for increasing the availability of BP devices validated for clinical accuracy, it would be necessary to make it mandatory to use the universally accepted ISO Standard for assessing the accuracy of BP measuring devices before they are put on the market for use in the medical, community and home settings.
REGULATORY PATHWAY PROBLEMS AND OUTCOMES FOR BLOOD PRESSURE DEVICES
There are significant problems in the transmission of scientific data on BP device accuracy to the actual users of such devices [15,16,41,43–45]. Many important articles on the deficiencies of BP measurement have been published over many decades [10,46], but the information is rarely disseminated beyond the researchers and health professionals who are already familiar with the problems. Manufacturers may be aware of the limitations with respect to BP device accuracy, but while the consumer market remains unaffected, there is little impetus to modify practice.
A fundamental regulatory problem is that authorities focus mainly on the physical safety features of BP devices rather than accuracy and performance characteristics [15,43]. Indeed, manufacturers are not required to test accuracy according to specific unified standards, nor to share results of the accuracy testing publicly. Regulations can also be difficult to enforce due to ambiguities and high levels of complexity . In addition, recommendations from consumer organizations are often based on cost, usability and cosmetics rather than accuracy. Most insidiously, unethical manufacturers are selling cheap home BP devices online and making false claims with respect to validation . This implies that consumers may be more likely to purchase lower priced, nonvalidated devices, but this needs to be confirmed. Many other problems, summarized in Table 1, have resulted in a marketplace replete with BP devices of unknown or questionable accuracy [21–24].
EMERGING NEW BLOOD PRESSURE DEVICE METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES
Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypertension have been developed based on evidence from auscultation or oscillometric arm cuff BP devices, which remain the recommended standard for clinical practice. These methods rely on analysis of haemodynamic signals in the brachial artery, which were originally believed to be a good estimate of the central aortic pressure load as the most clinically relevant BP [49–53]. In reality, cuff BP devices vary greatly as to whether the measurements represent central aortic or even brachial BP, and there may be large individual variation in the SBP at the central aorta compared with the brachial artery (e.g. difference >30 mmHg) . There are a variety of devices available
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归中国书画大赛银奖，入选《９９年喜迎澳门回归祖国大型书画集》、《中国书画专家·学者全集》、《现代中国绘画》、《中国书画名家大典》、《当代艺术全集》、《世界名人录大典》、《中华人民共和国五十五周年精品集》等，并为多家报刊发表，电台播出。他被聘为中国红色文化研究院副院长。<|endoftext|>Travellers who are keen to take their visit to Australia to new heights may only have a short window in which to do so, after news emerged that tourists may be banned from scaling Uluru, also known as Ayers Rock. (Featured image is by Prerak77.)
A fall in visitor numbers at the iconic landmark in the Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, which has been jointly run by the Aboriginal Anangu and the Australian Government since 1985, could lead to Ayers Rock being permanently closed to visitors.
Parks Australia has previously agreed to close the attraction if numbers fall below 20 per cent, and a small survey in June indicated that just 20 per cent of visitors to Uluru attempted a climb. This is a significant decrease on the figure of 38 per cent recorded in 2010 and 74 per cent recorded in 1990.
Margot Marshall, director of public affairs for Parks Australia, told Telegraph Travel: “The climb will not be closed until we have more robust numbers and have also put in place a range of new visitor experiences.
“We will consult the tourism industry well in advance of any closure and then give the industry at least 18 months notice to meet their business needs.”
A description of Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park on the Parks Australia website, welcomes visitors to “Anangu land”. It reads:
“Come share our story. See Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park with your own eyes. Watch as the sun sets over our Red Centre landscape, hear the echo of the beginning of time, Tjukurpa (law) whispering the story of creation to you.”
Although visitors aren’t currently prohibited from climbing the rock, they are asked not to do so out of respect for the Anangu culture, which considers Uluru to be sacred.
There are also environmental and safety considerations, alongside ethical concerns, connected with climbing Uluru.
A total of 36 people have died attempting to reach the summit, where the lack of facilities has also been questioned, as well as concerns being voiced over erosion.
Treks, such as guided walks around the rock’s base, are also promoted by park management and the park has been occasionally closed for cultural reasons, such as the death of an elder associated with caring for the site.<|endoftext|>Printable Worksheets For Preschoolers can additionally act as suggestions when points are out of place, whether it’s in the class, in your home, or in your own mind. When you see that there is a blunder made, utilizing a worksheet can aid you remind yourself of what you need to do following. Worksheets are likewise great for reminding kids of things they have currently discovered. A worksheet can remind you regarding math ideas you have actually currently covered, or aid you recall lessons that you intend to learn once more. As an extra benefit, worksheets can work as a way to motivate youngsters to stay on par with their own college work. Instead of costs a lot time on each and every lesson, you can put simply down a workbook and also let them take care of the remainder. In this manner, they’ll be able to focus on their very own research rather.
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The secret ballot, also known as Australian ballot, is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum are anonymous, forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation, blackmailing, and potential vote buying. The system is one means of achieving the goal of political privacy.
Secret ballots are used in conjunction with various voting systems. The most basic form of secret ballot utilizes blank pieces of paper, upon which each voter writes his or her choice. Without revealing the votes to anyone, the voter would fold the ballot paper and place it in a sealed box, which is emptied later for counting. An aspect of secret voting is the provision of a voting booth to enable the voter to write on the ballot paper without others being able to see what is being written. Today, printed ballot papers are usually provided, with the names of the candidates or questions and respective check boxes. Provisions are made at the polling place for the voters to record their preferences in secret, and the ballots are designed to eliminate bias and to prevent anyone from linking voter to ballot.
A problem of privacy arises with moves to improve efficiency of voting by the introduction of postal voting and electronic voting. Some countries permit proxy voting, which some argue is inconsistent with voting privacy.
Today, the practice of casting secret ballots is so commonplace that most voters would not consider that any other method might be used. Other methods which had been used and which are still used in some places and contexts include "oral votes" as well as open ballot systems involving the public display of votes or roll calls. Other public voting methods include raising a hand to indicate a vote, or the use of coloured marbles or cards to indicate a voting choice.
Article 31 of the Constitution of the Year III of the revolution (1795) states that "All elections are to be held by secret ballot". The same goes with the constitution of 1848: voters could hand-write the name of their preferred candidate on their ballot at home (the only condition was to write on white paper) or receive one distributed on the street. The ballot was folded in order to prevent other people from reading its contents.
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte attempted to abolish the secret ballot for the 1851 plebiscite with an electoral decree requesting electors to write down "yes" or "no" (in French: "oui" or "non") under the eyes of everyone. But he faced strong opposition and finally changed his mind, allowing secret ballot to take place.
The demand for a secret ballot was one of the six points of Chartism. The British parliament of the time refused even to consider the Chartist demands, but it is notable that Lord Macaulay, in his speech of 1842, while rejecting Chartism's six points as a whole, admitted that the secret ballot was one of the two points he could support.
The London School Board election of 1870 was the first large-scale election by secret ballot in Britain.
After several failed attempts (several of them spearheaded by George Grote), the secret ballot was eventually extended generally in the Ballot Act 1872, substantially reducing the cost of campaigning (as treating was no longer realistically possible) and was first used on 15 August 1872 to re-elect Hugh Childers as MP for Pontefract in a ministerial by-election following his appointment as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. The original ballot box, sealed in wax with a liquorice stamp, is held at Pontefract museum.
However, the use of numbered ballots makes it possible in theory if given access to the relevant documents, to identify which candidate voters voted for. Meaning voting in the UK is not physically secret only in so much as the law says the information should not be accessed.
Australia and New Zealand
In Australia, secret balloting appears to have been first implemented in Tasmania on 7 February 1856.
Until the original Tasmanian Electoral Act 1856 was "re-discovered" recently, credit for the first implementation of the secret ballot often went to Victoria, where it was pioneered by the former mayor of Melbourne, William Nicholson, and simultaneously South Australia. Victoria enacted legislation for secret ballots on 19 March 1856, and South Australian Electoral Commissioner William Boothby generally gets credit for creating the system finally enacted into law in South Australia on 2 April of that same year (a fortnight later). The other Australian colonies followed: New South Wales (1858), Queensland (1859), and Western Australia (1877). New Zealand implemented secret voting in 1870.
State electoral laws, including the secret ballot, applied for the first election of the Australian Parliament in 1901, and the system has continued to be a feature of federal elections and referenda. The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 does not explicitly set out the secret ballot but a reading of sections 206, 207, 325, 327 of the Act would imply its assumption. Sections 323 and 226(4) do however, apply the principle of a secret ballot to polling staff and would also support the assumption.
Before 1890, partisan newspapers printed filled-out ballots which party workers distributed on election day so voters could drop them directly into the boxes. All of the states replaced these with secret ballots around 1890, popularly called "Australian ballots." They were printed by the local government and listed all the candidates impartially.
The "Australian ballot" is defined as having four parts:
- an official ballot being printed at public expense,
- on which the names of the nominated candidates of all parties and all proposals appear,
- being distributed only at the polling place and
- being marked in secret.
In the United States, most states had moved to secret ballots soon after the presidential election of 1884. Kentucky was the last state to do so in 1891, when it quit using an oral ballot. But seven states did not have government-printed ballots until the 20th century; South Carolina created them in 1950 and Georgia in 1922.
The first city to start using the Australian ballot in the United States was Louisville, Kentucky, using a ballot drafted by Lewis Naphtali Dembitz, the uncle of and inspiration for future Supreme Court associate justice Louis Brandeis, and the first state to adopt the Australian ballot was Massachusetts. For this reason it is also known as the "Massachusetts ballot". In the U.S., voting by secret ballot was universal by 1892 but criminal prohibitions against paying people to vote were only instituted in 1925.
Elections in the United States are mostly held by secret ballot, although some states use mail ballots instead, which violate requirements 3 and 4 of the "Australian ballot", as it is distributed to the home, and potentially marked in the presence of other people. The states of Colorado, Oregon, and Washington conduct all elections by mailed ballots. The Constitution for the state of West Virginia still allows voters to cast "open ballots".
The right to hold elections by secret ballot is included in numerous treaties and international agreements that obligate their signatory states:
- Article 21.3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states, "The will of the people...shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which...shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures."
- Article 23 of the American Convention on Human Rights (the Pact of San Jose, Costa Rica) grants to every citizen of member states of the Organization of American States the right and opportunity "to vote and to be elected in genuine periodic elections, which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and by secret ballot that guarantees the free expression of the will of the voters".
- Paragraph 7.4 of the Document of the Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE, obligates the member states of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe to "ensure that votes are cast by secret ballot or by equivalent free voting procedure, and that they are counted and reported honestly with the official results made public."
- Article 5 of the Convention on the Standards of Democratic Elections, Electoral Rights and Freedoms in the Member States of the Commonwealth of Independent States obligates electoral bodies not to perform "any action violating the principle of voter's secret will expression."
Ballot design and polling place architecture often denies the disabled the possibility to cast a vote in secret. In many democracies disabled persons may vote by appointing another person who is allowed to join them in the voting booth and fill the ballot in their name. This does not assure secrecy of the ballot.
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities which entered into force in 2008 assures secret ballot for disabled voters. Article 29 of the Convention requires that all Contracting States protect "the right of the person with disabilities to vote by secret ballot in elections and public referendums". According to this provision, each Contracting State should provide for voting equipment which would enable disabled voters to vote independently and secretly. Some democracies, e.g. the United States, the Netherlands, Slovenia, Albania or India allow disabled voters to use electronic voting machines. In others, among them Azerbaijan, Canada, Ghana, the United Kingdom, and most African and Asian countries, visually impaired voters can use ballots in Braille or paper ballot templates. Article 29 also requires that Contracting States ensure "that voting procedures, facilities and materials are appropriate, accessible and easy to understand and use." In some democracies, e.g. United Kingdom, Sweden and the United States, all the polling places already are fully accessible for disabled voters.
Secrecy vs. reliability
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The United Kingdom secret ballot arrangements are sometimes criticised because it is possible to link a ballot paper to the voter who cast it. Each ballot paper is individually numbered and each elector also has a number. When an elector is given a ballot paper, their number is noted down on the counterfoil of the ballot paper (which also carries the ballot paper number). This means, of course, that the secrecy of the ballot is not guaranteed, if anyone can gain access to the counterfoils, which are locked away securely before the ballot boxes are opened at the count. Polling station officials colluding with election scrutineers may therefore determine how individual electors have voted.
This measure is thought to be justified as a security arrangement so that if there was an allegation of fraud, false ballot papers could be identified. The process of matching ballot papers to voters is formally permissible only if an Election Court requires it; in fact the Election Court has never made such an order since the secret ballot was introduced in 1872, although reportedly prisoners in a UK prison were observed identifying voters' ballot votes on a list in 2008. The legal authority for this system is set out in the Parliamentary Elections Rules in Schedule 1 of the Representation of the People Act 1983.
In the United States, sometimes the number on the ballot is printed on a perforated stub which is torn off and placed on a ring (like a shower curtain ring) before the ballot is cast into the ballot box. The stubs prove that an elector has voted and ensure that they can only vote once, but the ballots themselves are both secret and anonymous. At the end of voting day, the number of ballots inside the box should match the number of stubs on the ring, certifying that every ballot was cast by a registered elector, and that none of them were lost or fabricated. Sometimes the ballots themselves are numbered, making the vote trackable. In 2012, this procedure was ruled legal by Federal District Judge Christine Arguello in Colorado, who determined that the U.S. Constitution does not grant a right to a secret ballot.
Some people believe that the secret ballot enables election fraud and so should be eliminated or supplemented with other ways of verifying voting, such as cryptographically secure receipts.
Chronology of introduction
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|1831||France||Systems prior to 1856 (including those in France, the Netherlands, and Colombia), "merely required ballots to be marked in polling booths and deposited into ballot boxes, which permitted non-uniform ballots, including ballots of different colours and sizes, that could be easily identified as party tickets."|
|1856 (February 7)||Australia (Tasmania)||The other Australian colonies of Victoria (March 19, 1856), South Australia (April 2, 1856), New South Wales (1858), Queensland (1859), and Western Australia (1877) followed.|
|1866||Sweden||Voter currently chooses party-specific ballot in the open, which has been criticised for limiting the secrecy. There is, however, the possibility to choose a blank ballot or a multitude of ballots to denote a specific party and candidate in secrecy.European Commission for democracy through law (Venice Commission) “Voters are entitled to [secrecy of ballot], but must also respect it themselves, and non-compliance must be punished by disqualifying any ballot paper whose content has been disclosed […] Violation of the secrecy of the ballot must be punished, just like violations of other aspects of voter freedom.” (Code of good practice in electoral matters, art. 52, 55|
|1867||Germany||North German federal election, August 1867, see also Frankfurter Reichswahlgesetz 1849|
|1872||United Kingdom||Ballot Act 1872|
|1891||United States of America||Massachusetts was the first state to adopt a secret ballot, in 1888, and South Carolina was the last to do so, in 1950.|
|1901||Denmark||In connection with The Shift of Government (Danish: Systemskiftet)|
|1903||Iceland||Originally passed by the Icelandic parliament in 1902, but the legislation was rejected by King Christian IX for technical reasons unrelated to ballot secrecy. Passed into law 1903.|
|1912||Argentina||Sáenz Peña Law|
- Saalfeld, Thomas. 1995. On Dogs and Whips: Recorded Votes. In: Herbert Döring. Parliaments and Majority Rule in Western Europe. New York : St. Martin's Press, 1995. Page 531
- Tabellariae Leges. William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D.: A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, John Murray, London, 1875.
- Full text of the Constitution of the Year III on Wikisource (in French)
- Article 24. — Le suffrage est direct et universel. Le scrutin est secret. s:fr:Constitution du 4 novembre 1848
- Pour être recevable, chaque vote doit être inscrit sur un papier blanc : fr:Élection présidentielle française de 1848
- See the picture captioned Distribution des bulletins d'élections dans les rues. L'Illustration du 23 septembre 1848 on Assemblée Nationale website
- Karl Marx The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon : For the bourgeois and the shopkeeper had learned that in one of his decrees of December 2 Bonaparte had abolished the secret ballot and had ordered them to put a "yes" or "no" after their names on the official registers. The resistance of December 4 intimidated Bonaparte. During the night he had placards posted on all the street corners of Paris announcing the restoration of the secret ballot. Full text (chapter VII)
- Nationale, Assemblée. "Le suffrage universel - Histoire - Assemblée nationale". www.assemblee-nationale.fr. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
- In the words of the petition
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48 | 4 | 3 |
ır. Ucu hafifçe bezlerin cebine sokulur ve basınç altında çözelti içine enjekte edilir, patolojik lenf, irin ve epitelyumun yıkanması. Ağız boşluğuna yıkandıktan sonra düşen çözeltinin kısmı çıkarılmalıdır.
Prosedür, hastalığın alevlenme döneminde günde en az 1 kez olmalıdır.
Yıkadıktan sonra, pamuklu çubukla iyodine (% 1) daldırın ve serbest lacunaları uygulayın.
Ne yazık ki, evde yıkamanın birkaç dezavantajı vardır:
- Kanülün yapısı (şırınganın "tüpü") derinden ayarlanmış lakunaya ulaşmasına izin vermez ve tüpün çapı küçük ceplere nüfuz etmeyi imkansız hale getirir;
- prosedürü bağımsız olarak gerçekleştiren hasta, tüm cepleri fiziksel olarak fark edemez, çünkü bazıları "kör bölgede", yani çok düşüktür;
- çoğu zaman yıkama, tüm enfeksiyonu cebin içinden yıkamamaktadır ve jetin basıncı, onu daha da zorlaştırmakta ve organizmanın tekrar tekrar zehirlenmesine neden olmaktadır;
- Prosedür, bezlerinin gevşek iltihaplı dokuları için oldukça travmatik olup, yüzeyinde skar oluşmasına neden olabilir.
Bezleri yıkamak için çözümler nasıl hazırlanır
Birçok hasta evde hamilelik sırasında bademcikler yıkamanın mümkün olup olmadığını soruyor. Gelecekte annenin zayıf bir konsantrasyonda biyolojik olarak nötr çözümler kullanması durumunda, doktorlar prosedürde herhangi bir engel görmemektedir.
- Bir furacilin çözeltisi. Oda sıcaklığında saflaştırılmış su bir bardak yarım alın ve içinde furacilin 1 ince ufalanmış tablet çözün. Ortaya çıkan çözelti bir şırıngada toplanır ve bezlerin ceplerini sulandırır.
- Tuzlu çözelti. Bir bardak su alın, bir çay kaşığı deniz veya ekstra tuz ile birleştirin. Çözelti güçlü bir antibakteriyel etkiye sahiptir ve tuz, sırasıyla bezlerin katlarından irin çeker.
- Klorofiltip Bir çözelti. Hazırlığı (1 parça) suyla (5 parça) karıştırın ve günde üç kez cepleri yıkayın.
Bu yararlı mikroflorayı tahrip etmeden ağrıyı hafifletir, kızarıklık ve iltihabı azaltır, alanı sakinleştirir. Aynı şekilde Tonsilor çözümünü de hazırlayabilirsiniz.
Ne yazık ki, bu prosedür gelişmiş durumlarda yardımcı olmaz ve bademcikleri tamamen temizlemez. Ayaktan bir ortamda bademciklerin profesyonel vakum veya ultrason temizleme kursunu geçmek için yılda en az bir kez deneyin.
Bademcikleri yıkamak için şırınga siparişi verin
Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam.
hacim 2 ml
Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam.
hacim 2 ml
Tübüler, ponksiyon biyopsisi, infüzyon-transfüzyon.
6 adet set.
Tübüler, ponksiyon biyopsisi, infüzyon-transfüzyon.
6 adet set.
Kulikovsky iğnesini veya benzerini "Kayıt" tipi normal atılabilir plastik bir şırıngaya takmak için.
Kulikovsky iğnesini veya benzerini "Kayıt" tipi normal atılabilir plastik bir şırıngaya takmak için.
Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam.
hacim 5 ml.
Değiştirilebilir uçlarla yeniden kullanılabilir cam.
hacim 5 ml.
Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile.
hacim 2 ml
Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile.
hacim 2 ml
Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile.
hacim 5 ml.
Cam, sterilize edilebilir, tekrar kullanılabilir, 4 adet çelik değiştirilebilir uç ile.
hacim 5 ml.
Çukurları durulamak için yeniden kullanılabilir, piston üzerinde bir silikon halka ile bir çift ölçek.
Hacim 150 cm³.
Çukurları durulamak için yeniden kullanılabilir, piston üzerinde bir silikon halka ile bir çift ölçek.
Hacim 150 cm³.
Katlanabilir, tekrar kullanılabilir.
hacim 10 cm3.
Katlanabilir, tekrar kullanılabilir.
hacim 10 cm3.
Yeniden kullanılabilir, kuvvetler. halka, elastik bağlantı.
hacim 2 cm3.
Yeniden kullanılabilir, kuvvetler. halka, elastik bağlantı.
hacim 2 cm3.
Yeniden kullanılabilir, katlanabilir.
hacim 20 cm3.
Yeniden kullanılabilir, katlanabilir.
hacim 20 cm3.
Intra-oral infüzyonlar ve bademciklerin lavajı için şırınga Kronik bademcik iltihabını tedavi etmeye yönelik prosedürler için tıpta kullanılır. Bu tip tıbbi ürünler iki versiyonda mevcuttur:
- cam 2 cm³ kapasiteli;
- cam 5 cm³ kapasiteli.
Yıkama için metal parçalar ve değiştirilebilir şırınga uçları bademciklerin lacunae "Medremkomplekt" şirketinin online mağazasında bulunan, paslanmaz çelik ve galvanik kaplamalı pirinçten üretilmiştir. Silindir ısıya dayanıklı nötr camdan yapılmıştır. Bu tıbbi ürünün silikon contaları, şırınganın ömrünü önemli ölçüde uzatır ve kullanımını kolaylaştırır. ağızlık Şırınga çok basit ve hızlı bir şekilde değişir, bu da herhangi bir işlemi çok hızlı gerçekleştirmenizi sağlar.
Ihtiyaç varsa satın al bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga, onun komple set dikkat etmelidir. Kural olarak, bu tip şırınga üreticileri çıkarılabilir uçlar ve piston halkaları ile donatılmaktadır.
Bademcikler yıkamak için kanül ile şırınga: dezenfekte özellikleri
Bu tip tıbbi cihazlar çoklu dezenfeksiyona uğrayabilir. Ürünün dezenfekte edilmesi, bir şırıngaya damıtılmış suda tam daldırma sırasında kaynatılmasını içerir. Önceden sterilize edilmiş temizlik ürünü, ürünü akan suda durulama, yıkama solüsyonuna batırma ve özel bir ruff kullanarak şırıngayı derhal yıkamayı içerir. Ürün daha sonra akan su ve damıtılmış su ile durulanır ve 85 ° C sıcaklıkta sıcak hava ile kurutulur. Ürünün hava ile sterilizasyonu, 160 ° C'lik bir sıcaklıkta gerçekleştirilir.
Bademciklerin yıkanması için bir kanülü olan bir şırınga, en zor çalışma koşullarında bile uzun bir servis ömrüne sahiptir (6 aydan 1 yıla kadar). Cam muhafazanın olası hasar görmesini önlemek için bu tür bir şırıngayı olabildiğince dikkatli ve dikkatli kullanın.
Palatine bademcikler lavajı için Larynx şırınga "Medremkomplekt" şirketinin online mağazasında en uygun şartlarda mümkündür. Tıbbi kuruluşlar ve kurumlar için en uygun işbirliği şartlarını sunuyoruz. Lider üreticilerden yüksek kaliteli ve sertifikalı tıbbi ürünlerimiz bulunmaktadır.
Bademciklerin evde yıkanması
Bademciklerin kızarması, uzun bir süre boyunca kullanılan bademcik iltihabı (foliküler boğaz ağrısı) tedavisi için bir prosedürdür. İlaç ve eczacılık alanındaki ileri düzey başarılara rağmen, prosedür, ilişkisini kaybetmemiştir. Büyük palatine bademcikler veya bademcikler korunacak şekilde tasarlanır ve bağışıklık oluşumundan sorumludur. Çok sayıda cep ve kanaldan (lacunae) oluşurlar ve içlerindeki iltihapların gelişmesi sırasında, bezler bakterilerin sıcak yatağı haline gelirler ve çalışmalarını durdururlar.
Bademciklerin lacunalarını evde bağımsız olarak yıkamak
Soğuk algınlığına sıklıkla bademciklerdeki plak oluşumu ve iltihap eşlik eder. Plak, bir kural olarak, gri-beyaz bir renk kazanır. Virüsün vücuda yayılmasını önlemek için bademciklerin evde yıkanması gerekir.
Evde bademciklerin lacunalarını yıkamak kronik veya pürülan formlar için kullanılır bademcikler iltihabı. Bu yöntem çok etkilidir, çünkü bu yöntemle enfeksiyon ve irin, sıradan durulamada gerçekleşmeyen lakunadan çıkarılır.
Bu prosedürü yerine getirmek için, rivanol, furacilin, borik asit, streptocide ve antibiyotik çözeltisi gereklidir. Yıkama prosedürünün kullanılmasının hastanın iyileşme şansını önemli ölçüde artırdığı, bezlerin miktarını azalttığı ve bir dizi lenf nodunda iltihabı giderdiği kanıtlanmıştır.
Yıkama prosedürünü yürütmek bir şırıngaya ihtiyacım var. Unutmayın: tedavi ederken, iltihaplı bademcikler ve bademcikleri travmatize ettiği için katı yiyecekler alamazsınız. Hazırlanmış bir furailin solüsyonu alın ve şırınganın içine koyun. Evde bir çözüm bağımsız olarak hazırlanabilir. 100 mililitre su al ve furakilinin ezilmiş bir tabletini ekle. Tuzlu veya tuzlu kaynamış su kullanabilirsiniz. Boğazın şırıngadan sulanması gerekir.
Tuzun antibakteriyel etkiye sahip olması nedeniyle tuz çözeltisi de kullanabilirsiniz. Elbette, yıkanmak için deniz tuzu kullanmak, 1 bardak su, bir çay kaşığı tuz oranı daha iyidir. Swallow tuzlanmış solüsyonu yasaktır, çünkü sulamadan sonra bademciklerdeki yıkanmış bakterileri içerir. Prosedür çok sık yapılmalıdır.
Alkol içeriğiyle çözelti içinde bir çözüm sulama için - klorofiltol. Bu ilacın özelliği, ağız boşluğunun mikroflorasını yok etmemesidir, ancak sadece patolojik mikroorganizmalara etki eder. İlacın yardımı ile analjezi ve iltihap giderilir ve ağız boşluğu dezenfekte edilir. Bademciği bademciklerden temizlemek için, klorofililptiyi su ile bir ila on veya bir ila beş oranında seyreltmeniz gerekir. Gündüzleri bademciklerin üç kez yıkanması gerekmektedir.
Nişasta, meşe kabuğu, adaçayı, papatya, okaliptüs, calendula: otların et suyu kullanabilirsiniz. Ancak en etkili yıkama, her bitkiden bir çay kaşığı karıştırılarak ve karışım iki litre sıcak su ile karıştırılarak elde edilir. Ağız boşluğunu günde 6 kez durulayın.
Bademcikler yıkama vakum yöntemi
Bu modern bir yoldur, vakumun mükemmel kullanılmasına izin verir püslerden temiz cepler ve kanallar. Bademcikler giyinmiş emiş, basınç etkisi altında lacunae serbest bırakılır ve daha sonra bir ilaç maddesi ile doldurulur. Bu prosedür, mekanik olağan yıkamaya kıyasla en iyi sonucu verir. Tabii 5 ila 15 yıkama arasında hesaplanır. Günde iki kez iki kez durulayın. Kronik hastalıkta bile, tedavinin etkisi altı aydır mevcut.
Yıkamak yanı sıra, unutma ağız hijyenive. Yemekten sonra, ağız boşluğunun kaynamış su ile durulanması tavsiye edilir. Bu prosedür bademcikler üzerinde ek bakterilerin yutulmasını önlemek ve ayrıca tüm gıda kalıntılarını gidermek için gereklidir. Yıkama sizin için hoş olmayan bir işlem olacaktır. Unutmayın, bu rahatsızlığın tedavisi değil, sonuçlarının ortadan kaldırılmasıdır. Ve bir rahatsızlığı önlemek için daha sonra tedavi etmekten daha iyi olduğu unutulmamalıdır.
Cihazla Yıkama - Tonsillor
Ultrason aparatı Tonzillore bademcik iltihabının tedavisinde en üst sırada yer alır. Ultrason dalgaları İlaca çözünebilir bileşenlerin dokuya çok daha iyi nüfuz etmesine katkıda bulunur. Pürülan ve protein oluşumlarını yok ederler, iltihabı bastırırlar, rezorpsiyonu ve anesteziyi desteklerler, damarlardaki spazmı rahatlatırlar. Vakum yardımı ile, lakunanın zayıf içeriğinin mükemmel bir emişi vardır ve işlem sırasında dokuların kendileri tarafından travmatize edilmesi sağlanır.
Yöntemin inkar edilemez avantajları vardır:
- Antibakteriyel ilaçların aksine, bakterilerde ultrasona direnç yoktur ve üretilmez.
- Bademcikler belirli nozullarla yıkanabilir. Ultrason, bakteriyel bileşeni mekanik bir yöntemle ortadan kaldırır ve ilacın salgı bezlerinin boşaltılmış boşluklarına ilacın kalitatif penetrasyonunu destekler. Bu düet sayesinde, tedavinin etkisi çoğalır.
- Prosedür biraz zaman alır ve yaralanmalara sebep olmaz. Ekler kan dolaşımında enfeksiyon riskini ortadan kaldırırken, oral mukozaya zarar veremez. Cihazın çocukların ve yetişkinlerin tedavisi için ekleri vardır.
- İlaç, hem remisyon döneminde hem de hastalığın alevlenmesi sırasında kullanılır. İlaç, alerjik reaksiyonlara ve dysbiosise neden olmazken, antibiyotik dozunu azaltmayı mümkün kılar. Tedavi süresini azaltır ve komşu organlara komplikasyon ve enfeksiyon riskini azaltır.
- Tek olumsuz, ilacın hamileliğin ilk 3 ayında kullanılması yasaktır.
Sonuç
Hastanın bademcik iltihabı kronik olması durumunda, hastanın tüm oral mukozasını incelemek gerekir. Bu gereklidir bağışıklığı stabilize etmek, bademciklerin yapısını normal bir şekilde geri yükler. İyi bir etki elde etmek için sadece bir kızarma kullanmak gerçekçi değildir. Bu yüzden tedaviye kapsamlı bir şekilde yaklaşmanız gerekiyor. Sana sağlık diliyorum.
Bademcikler ve ağız içi infüzyonları yıkamak için şırınga
15 Mallar
Bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga Tıbbi maddelerin intra-oral infüzyonları ve bademciklerin yıkanması için tasarlanmıştır.
Bu ürün tek tek satılmamaktadır. En azından seçmelisiniz 1 Bu ürün için miktar.
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Bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga Tıbbi maddelerin intra-oral infüzyonları ve bademciklerin yıkanması için tasarlanmıştır.
Şırıngalar aşağıdaki boyutlarda mevcuttur:
- 2 cm³ kapasiteli cam şırınga;
- Cam şırınga 5 cm³ kapasiteli.
Kısa özellikler:
- Şırınganın nominal hacmi 2 cm³ ve 5 cm³'dir.
- şırınganın metal kısımları ve değiştirilebilir uçları, paslanmaz çelikten, galvanizli pirinçten, şırınga silindiri - ısıyla sabit veya nötr camdan, şırınganın sızdırmazlık kısımlarından - silikon kauçuktan yapılmıştır.
Paket İçeriği:
- Bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga koleksiyonda - 1 adet.
- Değiştirilebilir ipuçları:
- radius boyunca kavisli bir silindirik uçlu gırtlak için ipucu - 1 adet;
- Sağ açıda kavisli silindirik uçlu laringeal uç - 1 adet;
- konik uçlu larinks için sağ açılı eğimli uç - 1 adet;
- Geniş bir açıda kavisli bir silindirik uçlu nazofarenks için ipucu - 1 adet.
- Yedek parça
- piston halkası
Kullanım talimatları:
Ucu bir şırınga ile birleştirmek aşağıdaki gibi yapılır:
- ucun ucunu serbest bırakarak, burcun basma ucunun tübü boyunca çekilmesi;
- Şırınganın ucunun konisi üzerinde ucu ucunu sıkıca koyun;
- Sıkıştırma pabucunun burcu, çok fazla çaba sarf etmeden, şırınga ucunun dişli kısmına vidalanan boru boyunca taşınmalıdır.
Emniyetin, şırıngaların güvenilirliğinin ve güvenli çalışma koşullarının sağlanması için, tüm güvenlik önlemlerinin cam ürünlerle gözlenmesi gerekir:
- Şırıngayı kullanmadan önce, silindirin üzerindeki çatlakları ve talaşları kontrol edin;
- Şırıngayı peçete ile kaplı bir alet masasına koyun.
- Piston halkasını değiştirirken keskin nesneler kullanmayın, halkayı benzin ve eterle yıkamayın.
Ürünün sterilizasyonu:
Sanitize edilmeden önce bademcikler yıkamak için şırınga Piston silindirden çıkarılmalıdır.
Şırınga, aşağıdakilerden oluşan çoklu işleme dirençlidir:
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provides a multi-institutional portal that enables the collation and aggregation of data to showcase a project’s research assets, including the contributions of each collaborating institution.
A case study from Colombia
Elsevier has produced a case study about the University of Rosario’s efforts to maximize the visibility of its research capabilities and encourage international collaborations. The case study details the novel use and implementation of three technological tools — the Pure research management system, the Mendeley reference management system and the DeepL translation service — to help ensure that the titles and abstracts of the university’s research publications are translated into English and visible to, and indexed by, the major Internet search engines. The goal is to boost the rankings of the university and its researchers and facilitate learning and collaboration around topics of global and local concern.<|endoftext|>اجرای مگاپروژه های پالایشی دیگر نیازی به پیمانکاران خارجی ندارد
به گزارش مجله پیامکی، مدیرعامل شرکت ملی مهندسی و ساختمان نفت ایران گفت: با اعتماد به توان متخصصان داخلی در سال های اخیر، صنعت نفت کشور دیگر برای اجرای مگاپروژه های پالایشگاهی نیازی به پیمانکاران خارجی ندارد.
سعید ستاری نائینی در گفت وگو با خبرنگار شانا در حاشیه بیست وپنجمین نمایشگاه بین المللی نفت، گاز، پالایش و پتروشیمی گفت: نهادینه شدن ساخت داخل در صنعت نفت تنها یک شعار نیست، بلکه امروز به طور کامل به صورت عملی ما از حضور پیمانکاران خارجی حتی در پروژه های عظیم پالایشگاهی که بیش از میلیاردها دلار هزینه سرمایه گذاری آن است، از حضور پیمانکاران خارجی بی احتیاج شده ایم.
وی اضافه نمود: امروز نه در ئی پی سی و نه در پیمانکاران اجرایی ما به حضور شرکت های پیمانکاری عظیم خارجی احتیاج نداریم و این موضوع نقش شرکت های پروژه محور از جمله ملی - مهندسی و ساختمان نفت بوده است که با به کارگیری متخصصان ایرانی در کنار خارجی ها و کسب تجربه در پروژه های عظیم، امروز شرکت های پیمانکار ما صددرصد ایرانی شده اند.
مدیرعامل شرکت ملی مهندسی و ساختمان نفت گفت: در گذشته وقتی بحث طراحی مطرح می شد، فقط توان بعضی از شرکت های مشاور بین المللی قبول می شد، اما امروز همه پروژه های پالایشی در حوزه خطوط لوله، تلمبه خانه و همه مشاوره ها و مهندسی توسط تیم مشاور و مهندسان ایرانی انجام می گردد و ما نباید اینها را فراموش کنیم که کجا بودیم و به کجا رسیدیم.
ستاری تأکید کرد: امروز ما در بخش پیمانکاری، مشاوره و اجرا صددصد خودکفا شده ایم. در بخش کالا نیز زمانی کمتر از 20 تا 30 درصد کالاهای صنعت نفت داخلی بودند، اما اکنون بیش از 90 درصد کالاهای مورداحتیاج صنعت فراوری داخل است و فراوری 10 درصد به جامانده هم در موارد زیادی صرفه مالی ندارد که خوشبختانه شرکت های داخلی در این بخش ها نیز در حال فعال شدن هستند.
وی از جمله احتیاجهای صنعت پالایش در بخش کالا را در زمینه تجهیزاتی نظیر بخشی از کمپرسورها، توربین ها، موتورهای الکتریکی، لوله های آلیاژی خاص مانند سی آرای و بعضی شیرآلات ویژه اعلام نمود و گفت: امیدواریم شرکت های داخلی با فعالیت در این بخش ها صنعت نفت را به طور کامل از تجهیزات خارجی بی احتیاج نمایند و ما به خودکفایی صددرصدی در بخش کالا نیز دست یابیم.
به گزارش شانا، شرکت ملی مهندسی و ساختمان نفت یک شرکت پروژه محور است که در صنایع پایین دستی اعم از پالایشگاه ها، خطوط لوله، تلمبه خانه ها و اسکله ها، در بخش طراحی، خرید و اجرا ازسوی پیمانکاران فعالیت دارد.منبع: خبرگزاری آریا<|endoftext|>Pasqua di Resurrezione (Anno C)
Dal Vangelo secondo Giovanni
Il primo giorno della settimana, Maria di Màgdala si recò al sepolcro di mattino, quando era ancora buio, e vide che la pietra era stata tolta dal sepolcro.
Corse allora e andò da Simon Pietro e dall’altro discepolo, quello che Gesù amava, e disse loro: «Hanno portato via il Signore dal sepolcro e non sappiamo dove l’hanno posto!».
Pietro allora uscì insieme all’altro discepolo e si recarono al sepolcro. Correvano insieme tutti e due, ma l’altro discepolo corse più veloce di Pietro e giunse per primo al sepolcro.
Si chinò, vide i teli posati là, ma non entrò.
Giunse intanto anche Simon Pietro, che lo seguiva, ed entrò nel sepolcro e osservò i teli posati là, e il sudario – che era stato sul suo capo – non posato là con i teli, ma avvolto in un luogo a parte.
Allora entrò anche l’altro discepolo, che era giunto per primo al sepolcro, e vide e credette.
Infatti non avevano ancora compreso la Scrittura, che cioè egli doveva risorgere dai morti.
Commento a cura di Davide Piras
Davanti ai nostri occhi si è ben impresso lo spettacolo del Golgotha, delle tre croci innalzate con al centro Gesù morto.
In quel Venerdì pomeriggio che precedeva la Pasqua ebraica bisognava sbrigarsi: deporre in fretta il corpo crocifisso, lavare quel cadavere flagellato, ferito e tumefatto, cospargerlo con 33 Kg di aromi e profumi, avvolgerlo nei teli di lino sul sedile di pietra del sepolcro, sigillare il luogo della sepoltura.
Perché cercate tra i morti.
Tutta questa frenetica corsa cosa voleva mascherare? Attorno al sepolcro di Gesù c’era ben poco da fantasticare.
Bisognava anestetizzare il fallimento, il dolore e la delusione con il «fare tutto di corsa» e riversare tutto lo scoramento in un maniacale attaccamento ai segni di morte e di rassegnazione.
Eppure da quella grotta sepolcrale fuori dalle mura, accanto al Calvario, che guarda verso Giaffa, stava maturando ciò che Gesù aveva annunciato con la parola e con le opere: il Figlio dell’uomo deve risorgere!
Solo quella roccia scavata e la notte che l’avvolgeva furono i testimoni della sua vittoria nelle prime ore del giorno dopo il sabato.
Il Vangelo di Giovanni ci presenta anzitutto Maria Maddalena, attaccata ai segni di morte, attratta dal sepolcro: quando ancora è buio, ai primi bagliori dell’alba, si incammina verso il luogo dove avevano deposto il Signore.
Subito si accorge che le cose non sono a posto, che la pietra è stata rimossa. Avrebbe tanto desiderato sfogare il suo dolore e le sue lacrime al cospetto della salma di Gesù e, in preda al panico, corre in cerca di Pietro, a raccontargli che il Signore era stato rubato, portato via dal sepolcro (cf Gv 20,1-2).
Maria di Magdala vede la morte come una sconfitta, la fine di tutto, l’inizio dei bei ricordi.
Ricevuto l’allarme, Pietro e il discepolo amato iniziano a correre. Simon Pietro, rimasto paralizzato due giorni prima alla porta del palazzo del sommo sacerdote, ora inizia a correre.
Perché cercate tra i morti.
Qualcosa in lui inizia a cambiare.
Il discepolo amato è anonimo, quasi a volerci spingere ad impersonare noi la sua esperienza.
Egli arriva per primo al sepolcro perché aveva fatto esperienza dell’amore del Signore.
Si china, vede i teli di lino stesti, non entra, aspetta Pietro: l’amore sa attendere l’altro.
Giunto anche Pietro, entra, constata l’assenza del morto, ma si accorge anche che i teli sono stati stesi ordinatamente e che il sudario che copriva il volto del defunto è piegato in un «luogo» a parte.
Nessun trafugamento di cadavere era compatibile con i segni riscontrati (vv. 3-7).
La Maddalena e Pietro si limitano ad osservare, ma non sanno andare oltre la morte.
Il discepolo che Gesù amava, invece, vide e credette.
La sua vista raggiunge la soglia della fede: proprio lui che ha posato la sua testa sul petto di Gesù, sentendone i battiti del cuore, ed è stato l’unico ad esser rimasto sotto la croce insieme alle donne, ora vede e crede che quei segni sono veri: egli doveva risorgere dai morti (vv. 8-9).
Insieme al discepolo amato, oggi ciascuno di noi è autorizzato a impazzire di gioia!
Il Signore è vivo; il Signore è risorto, è veramente risorto! Perché cercate tra i morti.
Da Lui in poi, ogni morte diventa giorno di rinascita.
Mai più nessuna paura, perché la sua vittoria sul peccato e sulla morte è anche la nostra!
Questo è il giorno che per noi ha fatto il Signore! Alleluia! Buona Pasqua di risurrezione.
© Copyright Il Portico<|endoftext|>La serie tv che ha vinto più premi agli Emmy del 2016 è stata Game of Thrones, la serie fantasy basata sui libri di George R. R. Martin: ha vinto in tutto 12 premi, che si aggiungono ai 26 che aveva vinto nelle precedenti edizioni. Game of Thrones è così diventata la serie tv che nella storia ha vinto il maggior numero di Emmy, battendo Frasier, la sitcom spin-off di Cin-Cin che ne vinse 37.
Il premio per la Miglior serie comedy è andato a Veep – Vicepresidente incompetente, una serie tv di HBO che racconta cosa succede nell’ufficio di una vicepresidente degli Stati Uniti. The People v. O.J. Simpson: American Crime Story ha invece vinto il premio per la Miglior miniserie. Game of Thrones è andato molto bene ma nessuno dei suoi attori ha vinto un premio: quello per il Miglior attore di una serie drammatica è andato a Rami Malek di Mr. Robot, quello per la Miglior attrice di una serie drammatica l’ha invece vinto Tatiana Maslany di Orphan Black. I network televisivi che hanno vinto i premi più importanti sono stati FX e HBO.<|endoftext|>Special plan for Amerindians in World Bank US$10M AIDS grant
May 9, 2004
An Indigenous Peoples' Development Plan has been included in the US$10 million World Bank Project for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control in Guyana.
According to the World Bank, this is to "ensure that indigenous peoples do not suffer adverse effects during the development process, particularly from bank-financed projects, and that they receive culturally compatible social and economic benefits."
Guyana's indigenous people fit the five distinguishing characteristics used to identify minority nationality communities:
- they have a close attachment to ancestral territories and natural resources in their regions;
- they identify themselves and are identified by others as members of distinctive cultural groups;
- their languages are different from the national language;
- they still have customary social and political institutions;
- they rely primarily on subsistence modes of production.
The bank noted that poor and marginalized groups are forced to cope through mechanisms that render them susceptible to infection.
"Among the poorest groups are the Amerindian people who live in isolated rural communities in regions One (Barima/Waini), Seven (Cuyuni/Mazaruni), Eight (Potaro/Siparuni) and Nine (Upper Takutu/Upper Esse-quibo). These regions are currently low HIV/AIDS prevalence cases. However, a number of factors render Amerin-dians vulnerable to HIV/ AIDS: they are the poorest group; have a high teenage pregnancy rate; and do not easily access services due to remoteness of locations as well as certain cultural traditions, the bank said.
It was stated that the government, through a participatory process with Amerindian communities and various other stakeholders, will support and or implement a number of activities to address specific HIV/AIDS-related issues in the indigenous population.
The programme will see enhanced knowledge about STIs and HIV/AIDS and methods of prevention, care and treatment and access to resources for community-based priority STI/HIV/AIDS activities. Amerindians will also be empowered through a participatory process, particularly for the village councils and local organisations to plan, implement and evaluate local activities, and their health care system capacity will be strengthened to conduct tests (laboratory services), refer and treat persons infected with HIV or suffering from AIDS.
The current data on HIV/ AIDS indicates that prevalence rates among the indigenous populations are still low. However, the government recognises that under-reporting of HIV/AIDS cases is a severe problem since the Ministry of Health (MOH) estimates 60% underreporting of cases, the World Bank said. It was pointed out that although HIV/AIDS prevalence is still low in the interior regions, the potential exists for the problem to escalate if actions are not taken now to prevent the spread of the disease in the indigenous populations. Factors that contribute to the vulnerability of HIV in the interior locations include poverty and the lack of employment opportunities, which lead to out-migration for jobs in urban areas or mines. Risky behaviours abound in such environments, and returning workers may carry the HIV virus back to their home area. There are already high rates of STIs in some communities and inadequate or lack of information and knowledge about HIV/AIDS and how to prevent it. Prostitution among women and alcoholism are also evident.
The proximity of Amerindian communities to neighbouring countries - Brazil, Venezuela and Suriname - can also pose a problem since men and youths are lured over in search of jobs.
"With the opening up of Guyana's hinterland for development, the proposed Guyana/Brazil road, and the subsequent increase in the transient population, a further increase in the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the interior regions is anticipated," the World Bank said.
Various consultations were held with a number of organisations and community-based entities and the findings of the consultations suggested that there has been inadequate community sensitisation in hinterland communities regarding HIV/AIDS. It was found that many of the health workers and teachers who are expected to disseminate HIV/AIDS information lack the capacity and knowledge to do so. And there is a dearth of culturally and language-appropriate communications materials, resulting in low levels of understanding of the disease.
The Ministry of Amerindian Affairs will assist in the implementation of the programme and will undertake specific activities for indigenous peoples. The ministry will also serve as a catalyst for ensuring that civil society organisations are encouraged to undertake activities for indigenous peoples through the demand driven component. It will liaise with other ministries, especially health and education, to ensure that the activities they undertake focus on the special needs of Amerindians.
According to the bank, Guyana has an estimated Amerindian population of eight per cent of the total population, which is estimated at 800,000.
It was stated that the indigenous people of Guyana are disproportionately disadvantaged socially, and economically. "Amerindians have some of the lowest health indicators in Guyana. Social development indicators for health and education reveal significantly higher levels of disease, as well as mortality, and higher illiteracy rates when compared to other non-indigenous groups in the country."
Few Amerindians have access to potable water and, since the early 1980s; traditional sources of potable water (creeks and rivers) are under threat of pollution resulting from the rapid growth of mining industries in the interior.
And poverty is rife with close to 80% of the Amerindian population in the country falling below the poverty line with the women especially affected; women are paid lower wages and salaries than men, and cannot easily access credit facilities. Over 70% of Amerindians are engaged in subsistence activities such as agriculture, hunting and forestry. The high incidence of poverty in the hinterland is largely the result of geographic isolation (the economic reforms of the 1990s did not benefit many Amerindians), and limited economic activity.
Other statistics published on the bank's website revealed that the overall poor state of health is reflected in low life expectancy, with less than five per cent of Amerindians living to be 55 years or older compared to the average life expectancy for Guyana of around 64.8 years (61.5 for males and 68.2 for females.
Malaria was listed as being endemic and the leading health problem in the interior and it was noted that at one time, almost a third of the tuberculosis cases were found in the Amerindian population. Regions One, Four (Demerara/ Mahaica), Seven, Eight and Nine have the highest rates of tuberculosis.
"Worm infestation is also endemic in most interior regions. Other poverty-related diseases afflicting Amerindian communities include diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections."
The Amerindians are also significantly affected by substance abuse, dental caries and snake bites and although the country's immunisation programme is considered successful, the hinterland regions have the lowest coverage rates as a result of inadequate management, transport, communication and other difficulties.
Amerindian women are at higher risk of poor maternal health as fewer births (43%) in the hinterland are attended by trained health care workers.
In the area of education, the bank stated that until recently, there were no mechanisms to ensure a coordinated approach to education programmes for the Amerindian communities. It was said that hinterland schools lack trained teachers and suffer from scarce supplies and not surprisingly, school attendance rates tend to be low. Less than 13% of poor households in the interior regions have received secondary education, and one per cent of Amerindians have received post-secondary education.<|endoftext|>为制药、化工、食品及环境检测实验室提供完整的工作流解决方案，助力效率提升
本文主要研究氘灯、自吸和塞曼三种不同背景校正技术对食用醋中铜元素含量的测定影响。上海 光谱仪器有限公司研发的 SP-3887 原子吸收光谱仪集氘灯、自吸和塞曼三种扣背景技术于一体，成为本 实验的首选仪器。实验表明，氘灯不能完全扣除背景，而自吸可以达到与塞曼相当的扣背景效果。该方 法的检出限 µg/L, 相对标准偏差小于（n=）,回收率为，结果满意。
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باشند.بدیهی است در صورت بروز اختلاف و طرح موضوع در اداره کار محل تشخیص رابطه کارگری و کارفرمائی و احراز شمول قانون کار بر این رابطه با هیأتهای تشخیص و حل اختلاف مستقر در واحد کار و امور اجتماعی خواهد بود.
2- آیا نمایندگان کارفرما نیز کارگر شناخته می شوند؟
نمایندگان کارفرما که از طرف ایشان اداره کارگاه را عهده دار می باشند چنانچه در تعریف کارگر(از لحاظ قانون کار، کارگران مشمول این قانون کلیه اشخاص حقیقی هستند که درازاء دریافت اجرت به دستور و به حساب شخص حقیقی یا حقوقی دیگری(کارفرما) انجام یک فعالیت جسمی و یا فکری را عهده دار بوده و در شمول مقررات استخدامی خاص،مصوب قوه قانونگذاری و یا مصوب مرجع مأذون از قوه مزبور، نیز قرار نداشته باشند) قرار داشته باشند به اعتبار انجام کار و دریافت اجرت کارگر شناخته خواهند شد.بدیهی است در صورت بروز اختلاف و طرح موضوع در اداره1÷ کار محل تشخیص رابطه کارگری و کارفرمائی و احراز شمول قانون کار بر این رابطه با هیأتهای تشخیص و حل اختلاف مستقر در واحد کار و امور اجتماعی خواهد بود.
3) آیا همه بیمه شدگان قانون تأمین اجتماعی مشمول قانون کار نیز می شوند؟
طبق بند یک ماده2 قانون تأمین اجتماعی، بیمه شده شخصی است که در رأساً مشمول مقررات تأمین اجتماعی بوده و با پرداخت مبالغی به عنوان حق بیمه، حق استفاده از مزایای مقرر در این قانون را دارد. از طرفی، برابر ماده148 قانون کار، کارفرمایان کارگاههای مشمول این قانون مکلفند براساس قانون تأمین اجتماعی نسبت به بیمه بودن کارگران واحد خود اقدام نمایند. بنابراین، با توجه به ماده 148 قانون کار کلیه کسانی که مشمول این قانون هستند الزاماً تحت پوشش مقررات قانون تأمین اجتماعی قرار می گیرند اما همه اشخاصی که در شمول قانون تأمین اجتماعی قرار دارند با امعان نظر به بند یک ماده2 این قانون که فوقاً اشاره شده لزوماً مشمول قانون کار نخواهند بود به ویژه اینکه بخش های قابل توجهی از بیمه شدگان تأمین اجتماعی مشمول مقررات اسخدامی خاص می باشند.
4) آیا کارگاههای دارای ده نفر کارگر و کمتر کلاً از شمول قانون کار خارج شده اند و یا از بعضی از مواد قانون کار مستثنی می باشند؟
کارگاههای کوچک کمتر از ده نفر کارگر بر اساس آیین نامه اجرایی ماده 191 قانون کار مصوب هیات وزیران از شمول بعضی از مواد قانون کار مستثنی شده اند.
5) در کارگاهی صاحب کارگاه با برادر خود اشتغال به کار دارد آیا این کارگاه با استناد به ماده188 قانون کار یک کارگاه خانوادگی شناخته شده و از شمول مقررات قانون کار خارج می باشد؟
نظر به اینکه برابر ماده 188 قانون کار صرفاً کارگران کارگاههای خانوادگی که انجام کار در آنها منحصراً توسط صاحب کار و همسر و خویشاوندان نسبی درجه یک از طبقه اول وی انجام می شود از شمول قانون مستثنی شناخته شده اند و از طرفی برادر و خواهر به موجب ماده 1032 قانون مدنی جزء خویشاوندان طبقه دوم محسوب می گردند لذا به این اعتبار، کارگاهی که درآن کار توسط برادر و خواهر انجام می شود کارگاه خانوادگی تلقی نشده و مشمول قانون کار خواهد بود.
6) چنانچه اشخاصی بجز صاحب کار و همسر و خویشاوندان نسبی درجه یک از طبقه اول در کارگاه خانوادگی اشتغال به کار داشته باشند، آیا باز هم کارگاه خانوادگی بوده و از شمول مقررات قانون کار خارج خواهد بود؟
عدم شمول قانون کار نسبت به کارگران کارگاههای خانوادگی موضوع ماده 188 این قانون محدود به مواردی است که کار در این کارگاهها منحصراً توسط صاحب کار و همسر و خویشاوندان نسبی درجه یک از طبقه اول وی انجام شود. بدین لحاظ چنانچه در این قبیل کارگاهها افرادی که قانوناً جزء همسر و خویشاوندان نسبی درجه یک از طبقه اول کارفرما محسوب نمی شوند به کار گمارده شوند کارگاه مربوط از شمول تعریف کارگاههای خانوادگی خارج و کلیه افراد شاغل در آن اعم از صاحب کار و همسر و خویشاوندان نسبی درجه یک از طبقه اول وی و افراد دیگر شاغل در کارگاه به شرط داشتن تبعیت های حقوقی و اقتصادی با صاحب کار(کارفرما) مشمول مقررات قانون کار خواهند بود.
7- با توجه به پیش بینی وضع مقررات خاصی برای خدمه و مستخدمین منازل در ماده190 قانون کار و نظر به اینکه مقررات مزبور تا کنون به تصویب نرسیده است، تکلیف این دسته از کارگران چیست؟
هرچند که در ماده 190 قانون کار پیش بینی تصویب مقررات خاصی در خصوص مدت کار، تعطیلات، مرخصی ها و مزد و حقوق خدمه و مستخدمین منازل بعمل آمده است لیکن از آنجا که آیین نامه مربوط تاکنون به تصویب مراجع ذیصلاح(هیأت وزیران) نرسیده است لذا خدمه و مستخدمین منازل نیز همانند دیگر کارگران مشمول مقررات قانون کار بوده و از کلیه مزایای مقرر در این قانون برخوردار می باشند.
8- چنانچه به تصویب مرجع صلاحیت دار، شرکت یا مؤسسه ای که تا کنون مشمول قانون کار بوده است از دایره شمول قاون کار خارج گردد وضعیت استخدامی کارکنان آن چه خواهد بود؟
تغییر و تبدیل وضعیت استخدامی کارگران مشمول قانون کار مستلزم داشتن مستندات قانونی است لذا چنانچه شرکت و یا مؤسسه ای در اجرای مصوبات مجلس شورای اسلامی و یا مراجع ذیصلاح دیگری که اختیار و اجازه تصویب مقررات استخدامی به موجب قانون به مراجع مذکور تفویض شده است از حوزه شمول قانون کار خارج و مشمول قوانین و مقررات خاص استخدامی دیگر شناخته شود به حکم ماده188 قانون کار مشمول مقررات این قانون نبوده و از تاریخ اجرای مقررات خاص استخدامی، مراجع حل اختلاف قانون کار صالح به رسیدگی نسبت به دعاوی کارکنان واحد مربوط نخواهند بود و سوابق خدمکتی قبلی این افراد نیز تابع ضوابط و مقررات استخدامی جدید می باشد.
9- آیا اشخاصی که در زمان اجراء قانون کار سابق از شمول مقررات قانون کار خارج بوده اند با اجرای قانون کار جکهوری اسلامی ایران مشمول قانون کار خواهند بود؟
اشخاصی که تا تاریخ 14/ 12/69 در شمول مقررات خاص استخدامی قرار داشته و لذا مشمول قانون کار نبوده اند پس از اجرای قانون کار جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز کماکان از دایره شمول مقررات این قانون خارج خواهند بود. بدیهی است اشخاصی که با تجویز تبصره یک ماده 6 قانون کار سابق از شمول تمام و یا قسمتی از مقررات قانون کار منسوخ مستثنی گردیده بودند مانند شرکتهای تعاونی روستائی و ئفاتر مخابرات روستائی با لغو قانون مزبور مشمول کلیه مقررات قانون کار فعلی می باشند.
10- کارکنان مؤسسه ای که تا کنون مشمول مقررات اسختدامی خاص بوده اند اخیراً بر اساس قانون در شمول مقررات قانون کار قرار گرفته اند تکلیف سابقه کار آنها چه می شود؟
تعیین تکلیف سابقه کارکنان واحدی که با تبدیل وضعیت استخدامی مشمول قانون کار شناخته شده اند با مقرراتی خواهد بود که تبدیل وضعیت بر اساس آن صورت گرفته است. بدیهی است در صورت عدم پیش بینی موضوع، توافق طرفین در این زمینه ملاک عمل می باشد ولی در مقام اجرای قانون کار، سنوات خدمت افراد اصولاً از زمانی که مشمول قانون کار شناخته شده اند مبنای محاسبه قرار خواهد گرفت.
11- مشاهده می شود در برخی موارد اشخاص در کارگاههای متفاوتی اشتغال به کار دارند با توجه به اینکه در اغلب موارد این کارگاه ها مشمول قانون کار می باشند آیا برخورداری یک شخص در دو یا چند کارگاه مختلف از مزایای قانون کار قانوناً اشکالی ندارد؟
در قانون کار و مقررات مرتبط به آن برای اشتغال به کار افراد در بیش از یک واحد کارگاهی ممنوعیتی پیش بینی نشده است و به این لحاظ این قبیل کارگران در هر واحد به اعتبار کار انجام شده تحت پوشش قانون مرقوم و مقررات تبعی قرار می گیرند و در هر کارگاه به نسبت ایام کارکرد و ساعات کار انجام شده از امتیازات متعلقه برخوردار می شوند و از لحاظ سازمان تأمین اجتماعی نیز بیمه شدن کارگران در دو یا چند واحد کارگاهی مشمول قانون کار بلااشکال می باشد.
12- اگر طرفین قرارداد بر عقد پیمانکاری توافق کنند آیا رابطه آنان مشمول قانون کار قرار نمی گیرد؟
صرف اینکه طرفین عنوان قرارداد منعقده بین خود را عقد پیمانکاری قراردهند این امر لزوماً به معنی خارج شدن رابطه قراردادی آنان از حوزه شمول قانون کار نمی شود و در این خصوص در صورت بروز اختلاف و طرح موضوع در اداره کار محل تشخیص کارگر مشمول قانون کار از غیرمشمولان این قانون که مستلزم بررسی دقیق مفاد قراداد ها و دقت در شایط حاکم بر روابط طرفین است با مراجع رسیدگی کننده واحد کار و امور اجتماعی خواهد بود.
14- رانندگانی که با آژآنس های مسافربری همکاری می کنند مشمول قانون کار هستند یا خیر؟
رانندگانی که با اتومبیل خود و یا وسیله نقلیه متعلق به اشخاص ثالث درآژانس های مسافربری کار می کنند فاقد رابطه کارگری و کارفرمائی با آژانس مزبور خواهند بود ولی افرادی که در اختیار این قبیل آژانس هال قرار داشته و با اتومبیل متعلق به آژانس به کار اشتغال دارند به لحاظ اینکه با کارفرمای آژانس رابطه کاری و مزدی پیدا می کنند و به دلیل داشتن تبعیت های حقوقی و اقتصادی رابطه بین طرفین رابطه کارگری و کارفرمائی مشمول قانون کار می باشد.
15- در خصوص شمول یا عدم شمول قانون کار به رانندگان و کمک رانندگان اتوبوس های برون شهری؟
رانندگانی که با وسیله نقلیه متعلق به خود با شرکتهای تعاونی مسافربری همکاری می کنند فرد صنفی تلقی و رابطه آنان با این شرکتها کارگری و کارفرمائی استنباط نمی گردد و نتیجتاً شمول قانون کار بر این رابطه مورد پیدا نمی کند اما اگر اتوبس و یا هروسیله نقلیه دیگر متعلق به شرکت تعاونی مسافربری و یا صاحبان وسیله نقلیه باشد بسته به اینکه راننده و کمک رانندگان مزد خود را از صاحبان وسیله نقلیه و یا از شرکت مسافربری دریافت کننده به لحاظ رابطه کاری و مزدی بین طرفین این رابطه تحت پوشش قانون کار قرار می گیرد.
16- آیا کارگران بخش کشاورزی تا تصویب مقررات موضوع ماده18 قانون کار عمچنان از مقررات قانون کار کشاورزی سابق تبعیت می نمایند؟
از تاریخ 14/12/69 که قانون کار جمهوری اسلامی ایران به مرحله اجرا درآمده است، قانون کار کشاورزی مصوب 7/3/1353 ملغی اثر بوده و قانون کار فعلی کلیه کارگران را در بخش های کشاورزی شامل می شود ضمناً برابر ماده 189 قانون کار در بخش کشاورزی، فعالیت های مربوط به پرورش و بهره برداری از درختان میوه، انواع نباتات، جنگلها و مراتع، پارک های جنگلی و نیز دامداری و تولید و پروروش ماکیان و طیور، صنعت نوغان، پرورش آبزیان و زنبور عسل و کاشت، داشت و برداشت و سایر فعالیت های کشاورزی، به پیشنهاد شورایعالی کار و تصویب هیأت وزیران می تواند از شمول قسمتی از این قانون معاف گردد که تا کنون در این زمینه مقرراتی به تصویب نرسیده است.
17- آیا کارگران خارجی شاغل در ایران نیز مشمول قانون کار هستند؟ در صورت تسری شمول مقررات قانون کار به آنان آیا تفاوتی بین آنها و کارگران ایرانی به لحاظ استفاده از مزایای مقرره وجود دارد؟
کارگران خارجی دارای پروانه کار شاغل در ایران که مشمول مقررات استخدامی دیگری نباشند همانند کارگران شاغلی ایرانی در مدت اعتبار پروانه کارشان مشمول قانون کار شناخته شده شده و از مزایای مقرر در این قانون به جز مواردی که قانوناً مستثنی شده باشند برخوردار خواهند بود. اشتغال به کار اتباع بیگانه بدون داشتن پروانه کار معتبر ممنوعیت داشته و تخلف از آن موجب مجازات مقرر در ماده 181 قانون کار می باشد.
18- مدیران عامل در شرکت های تجاری مشمول قانون کار هستند یا خیر؟
با توجه به تفاوت های اساسی رابطه موجود بین«مدیرعامل» و«شرکت» و رابطه کار موضوع قانون کار از یک سو، و مشابهت های رابطه مزبور و عقد وکالت در قانون مدنی از سوی دیگر، که می توان به موارد زیر به عنوان برخی از این تفاوت ها و مشابهت ها اشاره نمود:
الف) تفاوت های رابطه کار موضوع قرارداد کار و رابطه حقوقی مدیرعامل و شرکت تجاری؛
قرار داد کار از جمله عقود معوض بوده و در آن اجرت(مزد یا حقوق) جزء اصلی و اساسی عقد را تشکیل می دهد، در حالی که «مدیرعامل» در شرکت های تجاری می تواند مجانی انجام وظیفه نماید(ماده 124 و مفهوم مخالف قسمت آخر ماده 134قانون تجارت).
«مدیرعامل» طبق ماده134 قانون تجارت در مقابل اشخاص ثالث هم مسئولیت دارد در حالی که در قرار داد کار، در اثر تبعیت کارگر از کارفرما، چنین مسئولیتی موجود نیست و کارگر تنها در مقابل کارفرما مسئولیت دارد.
مدیریت مدیر عامل حتی پس از انقضای مأموریت وی نیز تا انتخاب مدیر جدید ادامه دارد(ماده 136 قانون تجارت )، در حالی که در قرارداد کار با انقضای مدت، قرارداد خاتمه یافته و کارگر دیگر تعهدی در مقابل کارفرما نخواهد داشت (بند«د» ماده21 قانون کار).
مدیرعامل چه از سوی هیأت مدیره و چه از سوی داد گاه قابل عزل است (تبصره ماده124 و ماده 127 قانون تجارت)، در حالی که در قراردادکار، کارفرما از چنین حقی محروم است.(ماده 25 قانون کار).
ب) مشابهت های قرارداد وکالت و رابطه حقوقی مدیر عامل و شرکت تجاری:
عقد وکالت ممکن است مجانی باشد یا با اجرت (ماده659 قانون مدنی)و انجام وظیفه مدیر عامل نیز چنانچه فوقاً اشاره شد ممکن است مجانی باشد.
در عقد وکالت یکی از طرفین طرف دیگر را برای انجام امری نایب خود می نماید(ماده 656 قانون مدنی). ماده 125 قانون تجارت نیز مدیر عامل را نماینده شرکت و دارای حق امضا از طرف شرکت اعلام می دارد.
موکل می تواند هر وقت بخواهد وکیل را عزل کند(ماده 679 قانون مدنی). در مورد مدیر عامل نیز تبصره ماده124 قانون تجارت اختیار عزل مدیر عامل را به هیأت مدیره شرکت داده است.
به نظر می رسد رابطه میان مدیرعامل و شرکت تجاری رابطه کارگری و کارفرمایی موضوع قانون کار نبوده و مسئولیت وی در مقابل شرکت همان مسئولیت وکیل در مقابل موکل می باشد. مضافاً اینکه در لایحه قانونی مربوط به تعیین مدیر یا مدیران موقت برای سرپرستی واحد های تولیدی و صنعتی و تجاری و کشاورزی و خدماتی اعم از بخش عمومی و خصوصی مصوب مورخ 23/4/59 شورای انقلاب اسلامی نیز مسئولیت مدیر هر واحد در مقابل آن واحد همان مسئولیت وکیل در مقابل موکل اعلام گردیده است و از آنجا که به نظر نمی رسد مدیران واحد های مشمول قانون مزبور دارای خصوصیتی در قیاس با مدیران واحد های تجاری باشند به لحاظ وحدت ملاک می توان حکم یاد شده را به مدیران اخیرالاشاره نیز تسری داد.
19- آیا رابطه بین اعضا هیأت مدیره شرکت تجاری با این شرکت از نوع رابطه کارگری و کارفرمایی مشمول قانون کار استنباط می گردد؟
با توجه به آنچه در رابطه بین مدیران عامل و شرکت ها گفته شد رابطه اعضای هیأت مدیره شرکت های تجاری با این شرکت ها رابطه وکیل و موکل بوده و رابطه کارگری و کارفرمائی موضوع قانون کار بین طرفین احراز نمی گردد مگر اینکه این افراد علاوه بر مسئولیت ها و وظایف مرتبط با عضویت در هیأت مدیره، تصدی وظایف و مسئولیت های دیگری را که به عنوان یک شغل قابل ارجاع به سایر افراد نیز می باشد از قبیل مدیریت مالی، مدیریت اداری ، ریاست کارخانه و غیره در قبال دریافت اجرت مشخص و معینی عهده دار باشد که در این حالت به اعتبار این تصدی مشمول مقررات قانون کار خواهند بود انما در ارتباط با عضویت فرد درهیأت مدیره همانطور که فوقاً بیان گردید نظریه مبتنی بر این است که به لحاظ عدم شمول مقررات قانون کار به رابطه طرفین اعمال مقررات این قانون منتفی خواهد بود.
20- برخی از اعضا هیأت های مدیره و یا مدیران عامل شرکت ها تصدی وظایف و مسئولیت های دیگری را به جز آنچه به عضویت آنها در هیأت مدیره و یا مدیر عامل بودن آنان مربوط است عهده دار می باشند آیا این مدیران نیز از شمول قانون کار خارج می باشند؟
اعضا هیأت مدیره و مدیران عامل شرکت های تجاری صرفاً در مواردی مشمول مقررات قانون کار خواهند بود که جدا و صرف نظر از روابط تجاری با شرکت، تصدی یکی از وظایف و مسئولیت هایی را که در شرکت به عنوان«شغل» شناخته شده است همانند مشاغل مدیریت مالی، مدیریت اداری و … را عهده دار باشند که در این صورت شمول مقررات قانون کار به آنها صرفاً درارتباط با تصدی وظایف و مسئولیت های شغلی یاد شده خواهد بود ولی آن قسمت از دریافتی این افراد که در ارتباط با عضویت در هیأت مدیره و یا تصدی مدیریت عامل پرداخت می شود جز حق السعی آنان منظور نخواهد گردید.
21- آیا وکلای دادگستری چنانچه به عنوان مشاور حقوقی در یکی از واحد های مشمول قانون کار اشتغالاً به کار داشته باشند در شمول مقررات قانون کار قرا خواهند گرفت یا خیر؟
چنانچه در قرارداد فی مابین شرکت و وکیل دادگستری، موضوع قرارداد«مشاوره حقوقی» ذکر شده و مشاور مکلف گردیده باشد ساعاتی در روز، هفته، ماه و … را در شرکت حضور یافته و امور ارجاعی را تحت نظر فرد خاصی مثلاً مدیرعامل انجام دهد این فرد طرف قرارداد با شرکت مشمول
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48 | 5 | 2 |
isation in the concern context.
Foreign currency interlingual rendition can be defined as the transition of currency accounting figures from one state to another due to differences fiscal coverage demands. This means that different states would hold different functional currency and transnational companies are required to interpret its foreign operations or minutess that use functional currency into the needed presentation currency for its fiscal statement.Malaysia needs to pay excess attending to the accounting development in relation to the facet because Malaysia is one of the largest thenar oil and petroleum oil manufacturer which both are chiefly transacted in USD around the universe. Most of these companies would utilize USD as their functional currency which induces interlingual rendition hazard when it is converted into the presentation currency.
Therefore, the accounting criterion of foreign currency interlingual rendition which is MFRS 121 will take into history the consequence of the currency interlingual rendition alterations or hazard that the companies faced with the usage of appropriate acknowledgment and measuring method developed by IFRS. It is a known fact that the accounting development in Malaysia over the last 15 old ages has been based on the accounting rules that MASB adopted while recent accounting patterns has seen accounting profession exerting its duties that are comply with MFRS.MFRS is however the latest accounting rules that Malaysia accounting is accounted for which equivalents with IFRS and use in any accounting period from or after 1 January 2012. This marks the first clip acceptance of MFRS for one-year periods in Malaysia and is an attempt by MASB to implement Malaysia ‘s accounting policy to be in line with the convergence undertaking initiated and developed by IASB and FASB.
The old FRS is so replaced by MFRS to put full convergence on Malaysia accounting criterion in order to get by with globalization and to guarantee Malaysia ‘s concern is on the same field at international degree. Some major elements of MFRS have been listed below. MFRS 8 is adopted from IFRS 8 that has replaced IAS 14 of Segment Reporting. The chief alteration made is on its demand of section designation and the measuring and revelation of operating section information.
Any company in Malaysia that adopted MFRS 8 will automatically be considered as following the international accounting criterion of IFRS 8.This peculiar criterion has supply the definition of an operating section that qualifies in the fiscal statement and its designation is required to be based on the company internal study that assessed and reviewed the allotment of resources and public presentation of that section as harmonizing to the latest alterations. Besides, the criterion besides provides the measuring intent of the sum of operating section recorded which is for resources allotment and public presentation measuring intents of the operating section.Last, the revelation of operating section information must be based on the nucleus rules that requires information disclosed to enable users to do informed determination on the nature and fiscal consequence and its economic environment that the company is runing in order to help Malayan companies with operating sections runing in different locations or direction.
MFRS 118 Revenue is one of the major elements that MASB has included by the acceptance of IAS 18 that the IASB has issued and amended but is still under the development of the convergence undertaking.Companies in Malaysia are considered following the international accounting criterion of IAS 18 if MRS 118 is applied in its fiscal statement. The MFRS 118 chiefly adopted from IAS 18 has included of import counsel on accounting patterns for gross by saying the aims, range and definition of gross. These are described in relation to the definition of income in the Framework of Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements that stated gross as an income that is in the ordinary class of concern activities.
The measuring and designation of gross is besides included while different type of gross from gross revenues of goods, rendering a service, royalties, involvements and dividends are besides provided with counsel and revelation demands where Malayan companies largely possessed of. The MFRS 120 Accounting for Government Grant and Disclosure of Government Assistance is developed to assistance concern in Malaysia that needs to account for its grant or aid provided by Government.It is tantamount to IAS 20 with the issue and amendments made by IASB and Malayan companies that adopt MFRS 120 will at the same time follow with IAS 20. Basically, this standard provides counsel on the definition of authorities grant and authorities aid and its revelation on the presentation of grants that is associating to plus or income every bit good as its refund method.
The attacks and grounds for accounting of authorities grant utilizing income attack or capital attack are besides given in order for users to clearly place the authorities purpose on supplying grant or aid to any Malayan companies.However, this criterion does non use to authorities grants covered by MFRS 141 Agriculture and other exclusions such as the engagement of authorities in the ownership of concern. The MFRS 141 Agriculture use on its ain as evidenced in MFRS 120 that excludes this sector because agribusiness is consider an indispensable sector for the Malaysia economic system and accounting must put its accent on it. MFRS 141 is adopted from IAS 41 and will be at the same time applied to any Malaysia companies that adopt MFRS 141.
This standard chiefly prescribe how should the agribusiness activities and biological assets should be accounted for, measured, presented, and disclosed by the direction of the company. The measuring for biological assets is complicated and required specific counsel provided by the criterions such as the initial acknowledgment that requires the usage of faithfully measured just value and any alterations in just value less costs to sell is included in net income and loss. Nevertheless, agricultural activities land is non covered under this criterion but in IAS 16 while authorities grant for biological activities is included.MFRS 121 is adopted from IAS 21 has that has made alterations to replace SIC-11, SIC-19 and SIC-30 that chiefly focuses on the definition and alterations of describing currency, functional currency and presentation currency.
The acceptance of MFRS 121 by any Malayan companies would besides intend it is following IAS 21 in conformity to international criterions. This is an of import criterion particularly for companies that operates internationally or have traffics in different currency.Chiefly, the standard applies its accounting intervention on any dealing and balances of foreign currencies but non derivative dealing and the interlingual rendition of foreign operation into describing currency or consolidation intents. The method of coverage and unwraping the alterations of foreign exchange dealing, balances or operations is besides included.
The MFRS 123 is an tantamount criterion to IAS 23 issued by the IASB while any Malayan company that applies MFRS 123 is besides considered as following the IAS 23.This criterion has its range limited chiefly to borrowing costs that is associating to capital outgo such as the acquisition, building and production of an plus to spread out concern that is considered portion of the cost to obtain the relevant assets. The criterion has prescribed the definition of a qualifying assets and the eligibility of borrowing costs as capitalization. The acknowledgment and measuring for borrowing costs is besides provided every bit good as the revelation demand relates to the adoption costs sum and its capitalization rate.
This relevant criterion that relates to investing belongings is of importance to the Malaysia accounting patterns due to the booming of belongings house monetary values that induces significant addition in belongings for investing. MFRS 140 is developed in conformity to IAS 40 and many alterations have been made to IAS 40 such as rental related belongings, the measurement attack of investing belongings and its revelation demand. Nevertheless, MFRS 140 provides counsel on the intervention for accounting of investing belongings in Malaysia and its revelation method excepting accounting for lease belongings.Definition to include belongings as investing nature has been provided while measurement method of just value theoretical account or cost theoretical account for investing belongings is prescribed clearly with differentiation between initial acknowledgment and station acknowledgment.
The MFRS 112 is developed by the MASB based on IAS 12 with several alterations made on the acknowledgment and revelation of income revenue enhancements particularly deferred revenue enhancement assets and liabilities. Any Malayan company that adopts MFRS 112 is tantamount to following IAS 12.The income revenue enhancement in Malaysia is of import particularly in its intervention for revenue enhancement effects as revenue enhancement equivocation is well high while revenue enhancement jurisprudence is non strictly enforced. The standard provides counsel for accounting intervention of income revenue enhancements in Malaysia by ordering the definition, acknowledgment and measuring for current revenue enhancement disbursals, assets and liabilities with accent on future colony of deferred revenue enhancement assets and liabilities.
Examples of income revenue enhancements accounting intervention has been provided in item to help users in understanding the complexness of income revenue enhancements while presentation and revelation demands are besides included. MFRS 124 chiefly relates to the revelation demand of party that is related to the ordinary class of concern which is adopted from IAS 24 that is issued and revised by IASB.Revisions has been made in 2009 to simplify the definitions and significances of related party and allowed certain exclusions of related parties for revelation particularly when it is government-related. Basically, the criterion requires the revelation of dealing between the company and any related parties or any dealing between parents and subordinates.
Most significantly, this would enable user to pay attending on the fiscal consequence of related party dealing on the company ‘s fiscal place and profitableness.The accounting development in Malaysia has ne’er been missing of frauds and peculations due to related party and this criterion would supply enhanced transparence to forestall related party unauthorized minutess. The MFRS 119 is an acceptance of IAS 19 that is issued by IASB and Companies in Malaysia that uses MFRS 119 would automatically be considered to follow the international criterion of IAS 19. The intent of MFRS 119 is to supply counsel for entity to be able to recognize suitably the liability and disbursals in relation to employee benefits provided by the entity.
The accounting intervention provided by this standard encompasses acknowledgment and measuring of short term and long term employee benefits, expiration benefits and post employment benefits that includes defined part program and defined benefits program. Example exemplifying accounting intervention has been provided clearly and the difference of acknowledgment and measuring for the station employment benefits is besides clearly stated. Undeniably, it is of import to the Malaysia economic system as the civilization of Malaysia is considers to be stressing on the employee benefits that the company is able to supply late.It is undeniably that the Asiatic Financial Crisis in 1997 non merely introduces the importance of CG but besides exposes the failings of Malayan CG pattern to the public attending.
Since so, Malaysia has taken inaugural to implement strategies such as High Level Finance Committee on CG ( HLFC ) which have published the Report on Corporate Governance that provides definition of CG in the Malaysia context and laid the footing for the constitution of Code of Corporate Governance in 2000.Although the codification itself is non compulsory, it farther became a effect of the listing demand in Malaysia to include statement of corporate administration to pull more foreign investing due to globalization and heighten the Malaysia economic growing.<|endoftext|>from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition
- n. An abnormal or pathological increase in sensitivity to sensory stimuli, as of the skin to touch or the ear to sound.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
- n. Unusual or pathological sensitivity of the skin or of a particular sense.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English
- n. Same as hyperæsthesia.
from The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia
- n. See hyperæsthesia.
Sorry, no etymologies found.
Where the sensibility of a part is increased the condition is known as hyperesthesia, and where it is lost -- that is, where there is no feeling or knowledge of pain -- the condition is known as anesthesia.
It’s called hyperesthesia, and one of my cats suffers from it.
It is, he says, a kind of hyperesthesia in the use of language.
It is true that under the conditions we are considering there may be an extreme sensitiveness to stimuli not usually felt as of sexual character, a kind of hyperesthesia; but hyperesthesia, it has well been said, is nothing but the beginning of anesthesia. [
This is obviously a cat having an episode of feline hyperesthesia.
Skin allergies can be one cause of hyperesthesia, a condition in which the nerves of the back appear overstimulated.
Cats afflicted with hyperesthesia and intense skin allergies may exhibit symptoms elicited by even the softest touch, including strange skin ripples or seizurelike episodes of frantic racing, panic, or biting at the air.
By exerting tension on the flexor tendon, by means of passive dorsal flexion of the member, evidence of hyperesthesia may be detected.
Upon manipulation of the patellar region, one is impressed with the fact that hyperesthesia does not exist in proportion to the pain manifested during locomotion.
The character of the swelling varies; in some cases it is not large but rather dense and lacking in evidence of heat and hyperesthesia; in other cases there is considerable swelling, which is hot and doughy, somewhat painful to the touch but not necessarily productive of much lameness.<|endoftext|>CAS numarası: 92045-31-3
EC numarası: 295-412-2
Kokogliseritler, hindistancevizi türevi, C12-C18 zincir uzunluğunda, doymuş (çift bağ yok) yağ asitleri içeren beyaz, katı, bitkisel türevli bir yağdır (yani Kokogliseridler, yağlar ile aynı trigliserit yapısına sahiptir, ancak oda sıcaklığında katıdır).
Kokogliseritler kokusuzdur, nötr bir tada sahiptir ve oda sıcaklığında oldukça zordur.
Kokogliseritler hem kremler hem de makyaj ürünleri için kıvam düzenleyici olarak kullanılır.
Kokogliseritler, öncelikle cildi yumuşak ve pürüzsüz hale getirmek için kozmetik olarak kullanılan yumuşatıcılardır.
Hindistan cevizi yağından elde edilen kokogliseritler de koyulaştırıcı olarak kullanılır.
Kokogliseritler, çeşitli kozmetik türlerinde bileşen olarak kullanılmak için güvenlidir.
Kokogliseritler, hindistancevizi yağından elde edilen di, mono ve trigliseritlerin bir karışımıdır.
Kokogliseritlerin birincil işlevi, hindistancevizi yağının Kokogliserit nemlendirici faydalarıdır.
Yumuşatıcı ayrıca cildin yumuşak ve pürüzsüz görünmesine yardımcı olur.
Kokogliseritler neden kozmetik ve kişisel bakım ürünlerinde kullanılıyor?
Kozmetik ve kişisel bakım ürünlerinde kullanıldığında Hindistan Cevizi Yağı ve Hindistan Cevizi Asidi ile Hindistan Cevizi Yağı ve Hindistan Cevizi Asitinden elde edilen bileşenler aşağıdaki işlevlere sahiptir.
Kokogliseritler nedir?
Kokogliseritler kozmetikte yumuşatıcı ve koyulaştırıcı bir madde olarak kullanılır.
Cildin üst tabakasını yumuşatmaya ve Kokogliseritlerin yağ ve su karışımını kolaylaştırmasına yardımcı olun.
Son zamanlarda, kokogliseritlere ve diğer hindistancevizi türevli yüzey aktif maddelere karşı artan sayıda alerjik reaksiyon bildirilmiştir.
Sık görülen tahriş edici maddeler ve alerjenler arasında önemli bir örtüşme olduğundan, bu bileşeni çok hassas, reaktif cilde sahip olanların dikkatine sunuyoruz.
Kokogliseritlerin diğer isimleri nelerdir?
KOKOGLİSERİT, Dİ- VE TRİ- GLİSERİT, HİNDİSTAN CEVİZİ, MONO-, GLİSERİT, HİNDİSTAN CEVİZİ, MONO-, DI- VE TRİ- ve MONO- DI- VE TRİ- GLİSERİT, HİNDİSTAN CEVİZİ
Kokogliseritler ne için kullanılır?
Kokogliseritler, hindistancevizi yağından elde edilen mono, di ve trigliseritlerin bir karışımıdır.
Hindistan cevizi yağının nemlendirici faydalarını hepimiz duymuşuzdur ve benzer şekilde bu yumuşatıcı bileşen cildinize yumuşak ve pürüzsüz bir görünüm kazandırmaya yardımcı olur.
Kokogliseritler: Sağlıklı Cilt Faydaları
Son zamanlarda, Kokogliseridler hakkında konuştuğumuzu duymuş ve onlar hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinmek istemiş olabilirsiniz.
Basitçe söylemek gerekirse, Kokogliseritler hindistancevizi yağından elde edilen mono, di ve trigliseritlerin bir karışımıdır.
Hindistan cevizi yağının nemlendirici faydalarını hepimiz duymuşuzdur ve benzer şekilde bu yumuşatıcı bileşen cildinize yumuşak ve pürüzsüz bir görünüm kazandırmaya yardımcı olur.
Bir güzellik ürününe eklendiğinde Kokogliserit, formülün cildinizde kaymasına da yardımcı olur; çekme veya çekme gerekmez!
Kokogliseritlerin yumuşatıcı etkileri, en yeni ürünlerimizden ikisinde bulunur: Smooth Affair for Eyes ve Mystikol eyeliner.
Küresel kokogliserid pazarı bir uygulama tarafından bölümlere ayrılmıştır:
-Bebek bakım ürünleri
-Losyonlar
-Yağlar
-Tozlar
-Kremler
-Banyo ürünleri
-Göz makyajı
-Eyeliner
-Göz Losyonu
-Koku ürünleri
-Kişisel hijyen ürünleri
-Cilt bakım ürünleri
-Güneşte bronzlaşmış ürünler
Hindistan Cevizi Yağı ile Sağlıklı Beslenme
Kokogliseritlerle yemek yapamayabilirsiniz, ancak hindistancevizi yağı ile yapabilirsiniz.
Kalp hastalığı riskinizi azaltmak ve kilo kaybına yardımcı olmak gibi sağlık yararları olan hindistancevizi yağının tanıtımını yapan çeşitli çalışmalar vardır; bununla birlikte, tıp topluluğu hala bu bulguları tartışıyor.
Hindistan cevizi yağı, diğer yağlardan daha yüksek sıcaklıklara dayanabilir, bu nedenle Kokogliserit sote ve kızartma için mükemmeldir.
Kokogliseritler ayrıca yemeğinize ince cevizli bir tat verir ve daha egzotik baharatlar ve tatlarla iyi uyum sağlar.
İşte hindistancevizi yağını geleneksel tariflerde biraz daha sağlıklı hale getirmek için kullanmanın en sevdiğimiz yollarından ikisi.
Kokogliseritler, veri tabanımızdaki ürünlerin yaklaşık %0,47'si Kokogliseritleri içeren nadir bir kozmetik bileşendir.
Hindistan cevizi yağından elde edilen kokogliseritler, doymuş yağ asitleri ve hepsinden önemlisi çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri (PUFA'lar) ve yüksek oranda sabunlaşmayan içerik (karotenoidler, tokoferoller, steroller, hidrokarbonlar) yüksek bileşimleri nedeniyle sıklıkla kullanılır.
Özellikle PUFA'lar, ciltte ve hücre zarları ve sebumun bileşiminde çok sayıda dengeleme mekanizmasında yer aldıkları için sağlıklı cilt için çok önemlidir.
Kokogliseritler
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48 | 5 | 3 |
sculptures that adorn much of the flat surfaces of Persepolis show the peoples of the world bringing gifts or tribute for the Achaemenid kings, who included Darius I, Cyrus the Great, Xerxes and Artaxerxes.
On these we can see Lydians and Armenians bringing their famous wine, Indians with gold and a buffalo, Nubians from southern Egypt present an elephant’s tusk and an okapi, and numerous other delegations from bringing gifts from across the Persian empire.
The Achaemenid’s were known for their pluralistic outlook and religious tolerance. When Cyrus the Great took the throne he famously said that he would “respect the traditions, customs and religions of the nations of my empire and never let any of my governors and subordinates look down on or insult them. I will impose my monarchy on no nation. Each is free to accept it, and if any one of them rejects it, I never resolve on war to reign.”
The Achaemenids were Zoroastrians; one of the world’s oldest continuously practiced religions and Persia’s dominant religion before the arrival of Islam in the 7th century.
Zoroastrianism is a ‘multi-faceted faith centered on a dualistic cosmology of good and evil and an eschatology predicting the ultimate conquest of evil. Historical features of Zoroastrianism, such as messianism, judgment after death, heaven and hell, and free will may have influenced other religious and philosophical systems, including Second Temple Judaism, Gnosticism, Greek philosophy, Christianity, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and Buddhism’ (Wikipedia).
The signs of Zoroastrianism can be seen throughout Persepolis. We see the Faravahar – a depiction of a winged sun disk with a seated male figure in the centre – on several bas reliefs including on the nearby tombs.
Around 330BC, the Achaemenid Empire was destroyed by the armies of Alexander the Great as they rampaged eastward. Persepolis was burnt to the ground. According to the Ancient Greek historian Diodorus of Sicily:
Alexander described Persepolis to the Macedonians as the most hateful of the cities of Asia, and gave it over to his soldiers to plunder, all but the palaces. It was the richest city under the sun, and the private houses had been furnished with every sort of wealth over the years. The Macedonians raced into it, slaughtering all the men whom they met and plundering the residences; many of the houses belonged to the common people and were abundantly supplied with furniture and wearing apparel of every kind….
Today, we are left with these ruins which still have many stories to tell. To see what Persepolis would have looked like before it was destroyed by Alexander, I have included a video further down that is worth watching.<|endoftext|>Aslında yazacak çok şey vardı, Şairin yarı yol dediği yaşa yaklaşmışken. İyi ki doğdun diyecektim... Bak, ne güzel otuz dört oldun. Mutluysan, sağlıklıysan, huzurluysan, Seviyor ve seviliyorsan Hele ki bu iki güzel evlada sahipsen... Anı yaşamanın önemini kavrayıp, Geçmişten bir şeyler öğrenmişsen, Gelecekten korkmuyor ve iyi günler bekliyorsan Bunun için çalışıyor ve çabalıyorsan... Her zaman, … Okumaya devam et Bu Yazı Kendime!
Reklamlar<|endoftext|>Yükleyen: Alkışlarla Yaşıyorum
Yüklenme Tarihi: 21 Nisan 2015 - 20:15
Tayland'lı bir sigorta şirketinin reklamını izleyeceksiniz, umuyorum ki böyle insanlar sadece reklamlarda değil gerçek hayatta da vardır, tüm ülkelerde tüm milletlerde ve umuyorum ki bu insanların iyilikleri küçük olsun büyük olsun amaçlarına ulaşıyordur o insanlar bilse de bilmese de.Teşekkürler hiç bir karşılık beklemeden iyilik yapan tüm insanlara.<|endoftext|>服务热线：13420622262
三水西南杀老鼠公司：世界由于鼠害造成粮食损失最高可达到收获量的15％－20％，相当于25个贫穷国家国民收入总值，够1.5亿人全年的口粮。在我国每年近千万亩森林和十亿亩草场被破坏成为沙漠或荒洲
⒈ 鼠类繁殖速度很快，每只雌鼠每年平均繁育44.5只幼鼠加入种群，一对成年鼠一年后会有1.5万只后代，可谓十世同堂，俗语说“一公加一母，三年二百五”。春秋季是老鼠繁殖生育的旺季
前几天有一则新闻刷遍各大媒体圈： 去保养（或者是在帮别人车保养）的时候从车里面“缴获”一大批老鼠珍藏的食物，数量之大令人震惊。那么如何防止老鼠在你车里安家落户呢？<|endoftext|>Let's Talk Life - How do I deal with my teenager?
- How do I deal with my teenager?
I have a teenager who is only interested in talking with friends on the telephone and on the Internet. I need some tips to deal with this problem.
Teenagers love to be with their peers and need to have limits and boundaries. Your teen needs to organise so that he is able to do homework and study. You need to tell him that he can only speak to friends after homework and chores have been completed.
You need to reinforce the rules and stay committed to keeping him on track. Raising teenagers is not easy as they want to test limits and do their own thing. They are risk-takers and so need guidance.
Identify what constitutes acceptable and unacceptable behaviour at home, at school, and elsewhere.
Have high expectations for good behaviour and explain the consequences for complying and disobeying. Be specific when dealing with your teen. Put rules in writing and keep rules short and to the point. Be prepared to explain your decisions and be reasonable. Enforce consequences. Your teen may have an easier time accepting a consequence if he played a role in deciding it.
One of the most important parenting skills needed for raising healthy teens is giving positive attention. Spend time with your teen to remind him that you care. Listen to your teen when he talks, and respect your teen's feelings. For every time you discipline or correct your teen, try to compliment him twice. Show your teenager love. Regularly eating meals together may be a good way to stay connected to your teen. Invite your teen to prepare the meal with you.
Encourage your teen to be safe when on the Internet. Don't share personal information online. Don't share passwords or get together with someone you meet online. Don't send anything in a message you wouldn't say face to face. Don't text or chat on the phone while driving.
- Addressing depressed teens
I would like some strategies for dealing with depression in teenagers.
There are strategies that can enhance resilience in teenagers. Offer unconditional support. Try to build and maintain a positive relationship with your child. A strong parent-child relationship will help to deal with depression. Set aside time each day to talk. Find out what excites and concerns your teen. Encourage your teen to express his feelings. Recognise your child's achievements and praise his strengths in all areas. Offer positive feedback when you notice positive behaviour. Respond to your child's anger with calm reassurance rather than aggression.
Encourage your child to spend time with good friends and to get involved in extracurricular activities. Positive peer experiences and strong friendships can help with depression. Playing team sports or taking part in other organised activities might help by boosting your teen's self-esteem and increasing his social-support network.
Encourage physical activity as this might play a role in reducing depression and anxiety.
Make sure your teen gets a good night's sleep. A consistent bedtime routine and certain rituals can encourage good sleep. Some people read the Bible and pray before falling asleep. Others play soft music or write in a journal.
Email questions and feedback for Dr Yvonnie Bailey-Davidson to [email protected] or call 978-8602.<|endoftext|>From the Introduction by Antonina W. Bouis
Hemingway acknowledged that he would not have known Leo Tolstoy and Fedor Dostoevsky if not for the translations of Constance Garnett. How could we learn about other cultures and civilizations without reading their literature? And how could we do that without translation, the most vital and underappreciated art?
While Russian literature provided the world with the gold standard for novels, it also gave us quintessential short stories, certainly by the acknowledged master Anton Chekhov (who was a dab hand at plays, as well), but also by Nikolai Gogol, Alexander Pushkin, Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Bunin, and Isaac Babel, among many others.
In the nineteenth century, Gogol’s stories created a new form within the genre. His tales of life in a Ukrainian village poked gentle fun at characters who are universal in their cares and concerns, and his stories about bureaucrats in St. Petersburg, the new capital built on swamps and the bones of the laborers, present the city in an eerie and phantasmagorical light. Pushkin, who is the most beloved writer in Russia to this day, Shakespeare and Byron rolled into one poetic genius who argued with tsars and died in a duel over love and honor in 1837, published Gogol’s stories in his literary magazine. He claimed that all Russian literature came out of the pocket of Gogol’s “The Overcoat.”
Most readers of this volume will have read some Russian literature in college or at a good high school. If scenes still dance in your heads of cavalry charges, aristocrats dancing and falling in love in brilliant ballrooms, rural gentry spending cozy evenings philosophizing, oppressed or luminous peasants ruminating in their muddy villages, passionate revolutionaries conspiring in underground cells, and miserable prisoners of the gulag going about their day, you are in for a surprise.
Today’s writers treat contemporary issues: the characters are oligarchs and drug addicts, policemen and soldiers, office workers and teachers, feral animals, as well as workers and farmers. You will also find greater diversity among the authors; the Russian classics were men from the two great cities, Moscow and St. Petersburg. In this anthology, about a fourth of the stories were written by women. Some of the writers are in their twenties and thirties. Some live far from the capital cities. Others are also television celebrities, former prisoners, poets, playwrights, and political activists. Some are famous, some are notorious. All have won serious literary prizes and critical acclaim.
There are “long short stories,” or novellas, by Olga Slavnikova and Vladimir Makanin in this volume; these popular writers are translated by the well-known Andrew Bromfield and the up-and-coming Bela Shayevich. Two pieces by Edvard Radzinsky and by Mikhail Shishkin, translated by Marian Schwartz and Leo Shtutin, represent writers already known in America. Alexander Kabakov’s story “Shelter,” sensitively translated by Daniel Jaffe, traces the life arc of many Russians, from semi-dissident posturing as students in the Soviet 1970s to success in the new capitalist Russia, with its spiritual emptiness. Ludmila Ulitskaya describes the age-old story of women loving the wrong men, but the setting is Queens, New York, when three old friends have a reunion, one of them on a business trip from Moscow, in “Dauntless Women of the Russian Steppe,” in Arch Tait’s fluent translation. The narrator of Andrei Rubanov’s “Gonzo” is a young drug addict, his language rendered into lively English by Polly Gannon. The narrator in Dina Rubin’s story is a life model (and former electrical engineer) living in Israel, and her weariness can be felt in Marian Schwartz’s translation. Dmitry Bykov tells a supernatural tale about journalists on a train passing through a creepy town, the mysterious dread convincingly conveyed by James Rann. Another Moscow journalist has an eye-opening experience in war-torn Grozny in Sergei Shargunov’s “Chechnya, To Chechnya!” deftly translated by John Narins. More exotic locales and experiences lie in store for the hikers in the Altai Mountains in Irina Bogatyreva’s “Stars over Lake Teletskoye,” another gem by Tait. The typical Soviet story about factory workers committed to meeting the work plan is turned on its head in Alexei Lukyanov’s “Strike the Iron While It’s Hot, Boys!” with its flow of swear words and puns, cunningly rendered into English by Michele A. Berdy.
And this brings us back to Hemingway’s point: you wouldn’t be reading these stories without their translators. This volume presents a wide range of Russian writers and of today’s translators in America and England. Some, like Hugh Aplin, Andrew Bromfield, Jamey Gambrell, Arch Tait and Marion Schwartz, have a large body of work. Others are new to me. The publication of this volume of new short stories from some of the best writers in Russia today is an opportunity for me to praise the unheralded English-language translator. Other cultures value the skills and talents required in translation. There are schools, prizes, fame and glory (well, almost). But English-language readers seem not to be aware of the work that goes into delivering literature from another culture to them.
A good translation should be transparent and unobtrusive, and then, of course, like a good mobile phone connection, it is taken for granted. Strangely enough, not only is a good translation not credited with bringing an otherwise inaccessible work to light, but the blame for a bad translation somehow falls on the original text. Clumsy wording and awkward English grammar are attributed to the author, not the invisible translator. Some writers never get a second chance, having been introduced to readers in an inadequate translation and found lacking.
Americans read little in translation. We seem to consider books to be tools in the most pragmatic way. If there’s an enemy, we need to learn about him, as if we need to know another culture only when we fear it. The heyday of Russian literature in English translation was the Cold War. Today there are many volumes of Arabic literature, which is wonderful, for surely we all have much to learn, but why does it have to be out of fear?
Why not get to know friends better? Russia and America never fought against each other in a war. Russia sent battleships to aid Lincoln during our Civil War, Russian soldiers liberated Auschwitz and marched into Nazi Berlin in World War II, and the Russian president was the first world leader to call the White House to offer help on 9/11.
Russians and Americans have so much in common: a sense of manifest destiny with the pioneering spirit that led to the conquest of enormous tracts of land, the development of rich agriculture and industry, science and technology, and a long reign as the two superpowers who divided the globe between them. Both nations face a present with a multiethnic, multiconfessional populace that is coming to terms with the depression and confusion of being just one more pole in a multipolar world.
Russians pride themselves on being big readers. But if you look around, in subways and buses, on beach blankets and park benches, Americans are reading books and e-readers. So I don’t think Russians necessarily read more, but they are certainly more passionate about literature. American writers were translated into Russian in Soviet times and the visits of John Steinbeck, Norman Mailer, William Styron, and Arthur Miller were major events, not only for the obvious political spin, but because people read and loved their books. Here’s an example of the passion and pride. A chambermaid at my Moscow hotel once asked for my autograph because she had seen the many books delivered to my room from my authors and had seen me drinking tea and vodka (ah, the clichés!) in the hotel restaurant with some of her favorite writers. She was pleased to know that Americans would be reading their works. I was flattered, of course, but I was even more interested in the cultural differences between the readers of our countries that this revealed. I doubt any American would be so thrilled by the prospect of Gore Vidal or E. L. Doctorow being brought to the Russian reading public that they would solicit a translator’s autograph.
Where do we look for an understanding of the human condition? Not in diet books or travel guides: we turn to fiction and poetry. Writers and poets describe and illuminate our souls. We can find find similar but different approaches to our issues, which are universal, in the writing of Russian authors.
So I say, read the literature of your friends, and not only of your perceived enemies. “Like” Russia. “Friend” Russia. Read Russia!<|endoftext|>bag evinde soyundyryb sikişme
Bu videodaki sevimli bebek bacaklarını genişçe açacak ve hepimize yanan ve sıcak gözleriyle bakacak. Doğal olarak, erotik bir soloda bir vibratörle bir amcığa mastürbasyon yapmanın ne demek olduğunu unutmak için, en azından yarın, pisliklerin yardımını çok umuyor. Daha fazlasını hak ettiğini düşünüyor!
Tarih: 24-01-2021, 22:52 | Ziyaretler: 224
Fışkırtma pornosu izle:<|endoftext|>山西大学激光光谱研究所的肖连团教授团队系统总结了层状二硫化钼的晶体和能带结构，以及通过层间堆积角度、拉伸应力、环境温度、电学掺杂等物理手段实现对层状二硫化钼能带结构和光谱特性的调谐，讨论了准粒子在调谐中所起的作用，并对二硫化钼在未来研究存在的挑战和热点工作进行了展望。
南京理工大学曾海波团队发现无机钙钛矿晶体具有在纳米与微米之间“伸缩自如”地变换的特性，并证实可应用于室温修复缺陷与光电性能。
合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室的博士生丁怀义和潘楠副研究员等人，提出了一种新颖的纳米线界面掺杂策略，通过发展CVD再生长技术，制备出具有“核-界面-壳”结构的ZnO纳米线，其电导率高达4×104 S/m，比常规纳米线提高一个量级以上，不仅电子浓度高一个量级，迁移率也明显改善；而且其带边发光强度也高出一个量级。<|endoftext|>معاون سیمای رسانه ملی گفت: برنامه های ماه رمضان رسانه ملی مانند برنامه های نوروز از لحاظ بیننده رکورددار شد و بر اساس آخرین نظرسنجی صداوسیما در تهران و ۳۱ مرکز استان، ۸۳/۳ درصد مردم، بیننده ویژه برنامه های ماه مبارک رمضان بودند.
مرتضی میرباقری در مصاحبه اختصاصی با خبرگزاری صدا و سیما افزود: حدود ۷۸/۲ درصد مردم، سریال های ماه مبارک رمضان را تماشا کرده اند که این سریال ها یا برای اولین بار پخش شده است
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是预算有限的玩家的可靠选择-阅读我们的RTX 3050评论以获取完整的性能分析-但其售价仍高于清单价。最便宜的卡价格约为330美元，但您可能需要花费多达400美元购买超频模型。与该卡最初发布时的250美元的价格相比，这是一个显著的增加。
Intel Arc Alchemist
Arc A770
Intel的Arc A770是一款出人意料的热销产品（阅读我们的Arc A770和A750评论），主要是因为它的价格。Intel有两个型号，一个带有8GB内存，另一个带有16GB。8GB型号的推出价格为330美元，而16GB型号的价格为350美元。与AMD和Nvidia相比，Intel的合作伙伴较少，这就是为什么这些GPU数量有限，但有时您仍可以以低至250美元的价格找到它们，尽管300美元左右是更常见的。
Arc A750
Arc A750与A770相似。它的性能略低，因此价格也略低。清单价为250美元，详情请参阅Intel削减了价格的消息，但您可能会以240美元的价格找到Intel自己的参考模型。其中一些插卡板伙伴（AIB）以220至230美元的价格出售他们的显卡。
Arc A580
在其他产品线之后将近一年，Intel悄然发布了Arc A580，正如评论者所说，它并不太令人印象深刻。问题不在于性能，而在于价格。它在功能上不及Arc A750，而仅便宜20到30美元。现在购买几乎没有太大的意义。
Arc A380
Intel的A380较不受欢迎，有几个型号可供选择，价格从120美元到130美元不等。这张卡的性能远远落后，并更像是Intel Arc的概念证明，而非一款有竞争力的产品。它仍然有库存，但不要指望有顶级的游戏性能。
AMD Radeon RDNA 3 RX 7000
Radeon RX 7900 XTX
正如您可以在我们的Radeon RX 7900 XTX和RX 7900 XT评论中阅读到的那样，AMD的新显卡非常令人印象深刻。旗舰型号XTX的市场价为1,000美元，有时您甚至可以以稍低的价格（约950美元）找到。就性能而言，它接近于Nvidia的RTX 4080，但请阅读我们的评论以了解确切的基准数据。
Radeon RX 7900 XT
AMD的RX 7900 XT不如XTX型号令人印象深刻，因此您可以在零售商那里以低于清单价的价格找到它。由于对GPU的反应不热烈，一些第三方卡甚至有折扣优惠。
Radeon RX 7800 XT
Radeon RX 7800 XT是RDNA 3系列中期待已久的新产品，终于填补了高端GPU和入门级RX 7600之间的差距。正如您可以在我们的评论中阅读到的那样，这也是在这个价格范围内购买的最佳GPU之一。它的推荐价格为500美元，目前通常在520美元左右，非常适合1440p游戏。
“`
雷蛇 RX 7700 XT
尽管 RX 7700 XT 带来了更多的一代升级，而不是 RX 7800 XT，但购买它在很大程度上没有太多意义。最便宜的型号价格大约为440美元，这离 RX 7800 XT 实际价格太近了，而且在相同价格范围内还有 RDNA 2 的选项要考虑。AMD现在真的是自己最大的竞争对手，这款显卡确实体现了这一点。
雷蛇 RX 7600
AMD的 RX 7600 是一款性价比较高的显卡，为1080p游戏提供了不错的性能。在 我们的评测 中，我们发现它的速度稍慢于Nvidia的 RTX 4060，但价格也稍便宜一些。通常可以在260到300美元之间找到，因此对于预算导向的PC构建来说，是一个不错的选择。
AMD Radeon RDNA 2 RX 6000
雷蛇 RX 6950 XT
雷蛇 RX 6950 XT 是 RX 6900 XT 的升级版，提供了时钟速度和内存带宽的改进（请在我们的 RX 6950 XT 评测中了解更多）。它最初以1100美元推出，但现在价格便宜得多。考虑到这是一款4K游戏显卡，如果您正在构建一台高端PC但不需要来自本代GPU的显卡，它仍然是一个不错的选择。
雷蛇 RX 6900 XT
RX 6900 XT 最初以1000美元推出，但现在新型号的价格大约在750美元左右。可以看出，这使它比 6950 XT 的性价比更低，这是一个有趣的转折。以前 RX 6950 XT 的性价比较差，但现在它通常是更好的选择，除非您能够在 RX 6900 XT 上得到一个不错的价格。
雷蛇 RX 6800 XT
RX 6800 XT 是雷蛇 RDNA 2 系列中适合 4K 游戏的最佳选择，因此它仍然是一款受欢迎的显卡。幸运的是，它的定价已经远低于最初的上市价格。如今，您可以在约500美元的价格范围内找到 RX 6800 XT，以这个价格来说，它是一个很划算的交易……除非有 RX 7800 XT，价格几乎一样。
雷蛇 RX 6800
稍微瘦身的 RX 6800 没有像 XT 版本那样受到关注，但价格便宜了大约100美元。最初价格为580美元，但幸运的是，如今您只需花费约4500美元即可拿到这款显卡。然而，它可以作为一种合理的替代选择，而不是520美元的 RX 7800 XT。
雷蛇 RX 6750 XT
RX 6750 XT 是 RX 6700 XT 的升级版，就像其他 RX XX50 系列显卡一样，库存充足。与最初的550美元相比，现在购买它可以获得很大的节省，因为如今你只需花费约360到400美元。
雷蛇 RX 6700 XT
RX 6700 XT 最初以480美元推出，但现在售价大幅降低，可以为您节省大约150美元。我们发现有在320美元左右的型号，但一些超频版型号的价格高达700美元。不用说，这款显卡不值那么多钱，但以320美元来说是一个很划算的交易。虽然 RX 6700 XT 在技术上与 RX 6750 XT 并存，但我们想象这款型号将随着时间的推移逐渐被更新版本取代。
雷蛇 RX 6650 XT
RX 6650 XT 是 RDNA 2 刷新系列中的一员，取代了 RX 6600 XT，不过如果您能找到现货的话，记得查看我们的 RX 6600 XT 评测。这款显卡最初以400美元推出，但现在你可以找到低至235美元的价格，这使其成为与现代 RX 7600 进行竞争的选择。
Radeon RX 6600 XT
AMD的Radeon RX 6600 XT曾经是系列中更受欢迎的显卡之一，但它面临来自兄弟显卡的激烈竞争。虽然你可以在270美元左右找到它，但你也可以以更低的价格获得RX 6650 XT，所以这款GPU现在并不太合理。
Radeon RX 6600
RX 6600是RX 6600 XT的降级版本，价格更便宜：210美元。有一些以这个价格销售的卡片，尽管许多卡片更接近250美元。问题在于库存，因为RX 6650 XT已经把许多型号挤掉了数字货架。确保阅读我们的RX 6600评测，了解这张显卡的性能。
Radeon RX 6500 XT
RX 6500 XT的推出是为了与RTX 3050竞争，价格稍低，为200美元。正如你可以在我们的RX 6500 XT评测中读到的那样，它是有史以来最糟糕的显卡之一，这解释了为什么你可以以仅170美元的价格购买一张。这是个交易，但是以那个价格，你不会得到很好的显卡，所以除非没有其他选择，否则最好避免购买。
Radeon RX 6400
如果你正在寻找真正的预算显卡，RX 6400是你唯一的现代选择，除了几乎无法获得的Intel Arc A380。它推出时的建议价格为160美元，绝大多数卡片以这个价格出售（上下浮动20美元左右）。我们找不到任何超过200美元的卡片。不过要记住，RX 6400不太注重游戏，所以你只会在小尺寸配置中找到选项。
现在买新显卡还是等一等？
经过一段时间的高价格，显卡终于趋于新的正常状态。所谓的“新常态”意味着它们的价格是多年来最便宜的。虽然我们还没有回到疫情前的状态，但可能由于Nvidia采用的定价策略，以及在较小程度上是AMD采取的策略，我们可能再也不会回到那个状态。
当前代的显卡在大多数零售商处有货，库存水平足以满足当前需求。已经推出的一些2022年和2023年的显卡已经降价，即使那些没有降价的显卡也可以按照官方建议价格购买。
换句话说，我们不建议等待。现在是买显卡的时机。上一代的显卡现在有很多货，而且很便宜（尤其是AMD的型号），而且当前一代的产品并没有像刚发布时那么过高的价格。考虑到Nvidia的下一代显卡计划在2025年发布，没有理由等到那个时候——现在购买，因为价格终于可以接受了。
关于显卡价格的常见问题
为什么显卡这么难找？
幸运的是，显卡稀缺的日子已经过去了。如今，新产品发布时会出现一些小的供应短缺，但我们已经摆脱了困境。不过未来会发生什么很难说，所以现在其实是一个购买显卡的好时机。
为了进行一点历史教训，2021年曾经出现过一次显卡短缺，这解释了为什么显卡过去很难找到。冠状病毒疫情导致芯片短缺，使得Nvidia和AMD难以生产足够的显卡来满足需求。2021年的需求也创下了历史新高，因为加密货币矿工们争相购买货架上的显卡。
GPU价格回归正常了吗？
与2021年相比，显卡现在更便宜，价格还在持续下降。虽然有些型号仍然过高定价，但可以肯定地说，GPU的价格现在已恢复正常。
可能在年底价格会再次上涨，但现在很难确定。
旧的GPU价格会下降吗？
随着市场的整体下降，旧的显卡价格也在下降。然而，现在许多旧的GPU价格非常便宜，特别是一些AMD的RX 6000系列显卡。 Nvidia的RTX 30系列在某些情况下仍然保持着高昂（甚至是疯狂高昂）的价格，但其他型号如RTX 3070 Ti的价格相对合理。
尽管如此，重要的是要记住，考虑到新的显卡以指导价格销售，购买一个价格相似的新卡往往更合理，尽管旧的GPU对大多数玩家来说已经完全足够了。<|endoftext|>Türkiye'nin 100. yılından hareketle Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ü kapağına taşıyan Fransız tarih dergisi "Yüz yıl önce Atatürk modern Türkiye'yi inşa etti" başlıklı çarpıcı bir makale yayımladı. Dergide 100. yılını kutlamaya hazırlanan Türkiye'nin dünden bugüne gelişim ve değişimi ele alındı.
Atatürk'ün batılılaşmış Türkiye'nin temellerini attığı anımsatılan makalede, "Dünya savaşının sonunda Osmanlı ordusunda görev yapan genç bir subay, müttefiklere karşı galip geldi ve hem "Türkleşmiş" hem de Batılılaşmış yeni bir Türkiye'nin temellerini attı" cümlelerine yer verildi.
Reformcu kişiliği ön plana çıkartılan Atatürk'ün tarihin gidişatını tersine çevirdiği ve 1923'te Cumhuriyet'i ilan ettiği notu paylaşıldı.
Türkiye'nin Lozan Antlaşması'na giden yolda neler yaşadığı ile alakalı olarak "1919'dan 1922'ye kadar Yunan işgalcilere karşı yürütülen çatışma sırasında, Lozan Antlaşması ve modern Türk devletinin kuruluşuyla sonuçlanan "bağımsızlık savaşı" esnasında Mustafa Kemal, pragmatizmin sayısız örneğini verdi" ifadeleri kullanıldı.
29 Ekim'de Türkiye'nin 100. yılını büyük bir coşkuyla kutlamaya hazırlandığı belirtilirken Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan'ın günümüzde yeni bir ulusal anlatı oluşturmaya çalıştığı kaydedildi.
86 yıl sonra ibadete açılan Ayasofya'da kılınan ilk cuma namazının Lozan Antlaşması'nın 97. yıl dönümünde gerçekleştiğine dikkat çekilen yazıda, "Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan, Atatürk'ün mirasını kendi dünya vizyonu ışığında yeniden yazıyor" denildi.<|endoftext|>degree than in the cold war period. The result is increased strain on all components and a requirement for greater flexibility in mission adaptation for both individual soldiers and units.
The total Army is composed of both tactical and nontactical units. The tactical units include combat, combat support, and combat service support; the nontactical units perform such functions as recruiting, training, personnel management, and materiel command. The total Army composition in 1997 for tactical units was: National Guard (45 percent), active Army (38 percent), and Army Reserve (17 percent) (U.S. Army War College, 1997). A further breakdown in shown in Figure 6.3; it shows that the National Guard provides 55 percent of the combat troops, 33 percent of the combat support units, and 26 percent of the combat service support units. Currently there are 8 combat divisions and 15 separate brigades in the National Guard. The Army Reserve, in contrast, represents only 3 percent of combat troops, while providing 31 percent of combat support and 46 percent of combat service support units. The Reserve also provides 100 percent of the railway units and enemy prisoner-of-war brigades, 86 percent of the<|endoftext|>ABDURRAHMAN b. HİŞÂM
عبد الرحمن بن هشام
Abdurrahmân b. Hişâm b. Muhammed el-Hasenî (ö. 1276/1859)
Alevî (Filâlî) hânedanına mensup Fas sultanı (1822-1859).
1204’te (1789-90) doğdu. Babası, Fas Sultanı Mevlây Süleyman’ın kardeşi Mogador Valisi Mevlây Hişâm’dır. Amcası Süleyman onu önce Suveyre valiliğine tayin etti. Abdurrahman burada iyi bir idareci olarak kendini gösterdi ve o yörede çıkan isyanların bastırılmasında önemli hizmetlerde bulundu. Bunun üzerine amcası onu vekili (halife) sıfatıyla Fas’a gönderdi ve kendi çocuklarına tercih ederek 4 Rebiülevvel 1238’de (19 Kasım 1822) resmen veliaht ilân etti. Mevlây Süleyman bu tarihten dokuz gün sonra öldü. Abdurrahman amcasının ölümü üzerine onun resmî vârisi olarak 30 Kasım 1822’de tahta geçti. Bunun üzerine Kadı Şerif Mevlây Ahmed b. Abdülmelik, Allâme Müftü Ebû Abdullah Muhammed b. İbrâhim, ileri gelen devlet adamları, âlimler ve kumandanlar toplanıp Abdurrahman’a biat ettiler. Abdurrahman b. Hişâm saltanatının ilk yıllarından itibaren çeşitli kabilelerin isyanları ile uğraşmak zorunda kaldı. 1824, 1828, 1831, 1843, 1849, 1852 ve 1857 yıllarında çıkan önemli isyanları bastırmaya muvaffak oldu. Sultanlığı sırasında Avrupalı devletlerle olan münasebetleri, onların ekonomik çıkarları çerçevesinde, bazan dostça, bazan da düşmanca geçti. Ticarî menfaatleri zedelenen ve gemilerine el konulan İngilizler 1828’de Tanca’yı abluka altına alırken, Avusturyalılar da 1829’da Arzila ve Tetuan’ı bombaladılar. Doğuya doğru yayılma siyaseti güden Abdurrahman b. Hişâm, Cezayir’de Osmanlılar’a karşı Ticânîler’i ve Tayyibîler’i himaye ettiği gibi, 1830’da buradaki Osmanlı hâkimiyetinin kalkmasından faydalanarak Tlemsen, Miliana ve Midia bölgelerini nüfuzu altına almaya çalıştı. Ancak Oran ve Mersülkebîr’i işgal etmiş bulunan Fransızlar’ın baskıları sonunda bölgedeki adamlarını geri çekmek zorunda kaldı; fakat bölgeyle ilgisini tam olarak kesmedi. Cezayir’de Fransızlar’a karşı baş gösteren direniş hareketinin lideri Abdülkadir’i destekledi; hatta mücadelesinde başarılı olamayan Abdülkadir’in Fas’a sığınmasına izin verip onunla birlikte harekete geçti. Ancak 14 Ağustos 1844’te Isly’de Fransızlar’a mağlûp oldu; bu arada Tanca ve Suveyre (Mogador) Fransızlar tarafından bombalandı. Bunun üzerine 26 Ekim 1844’te Tanca Antlaşması’nı imzalayarak Fransızlar’ın Cezayir hâkimiyetini kabul etti. 1845’te de Cezayir-Fas sınırlarının tayinine dair olan mukaveleyi imzaladı. 1847’de Abdülkadir’i ülkeden çıkararak Fransızlar’a teslim etmeye mecbur oldu. Verilen tâvizler sonucu Fransızlar’la düzelmiş gibi görünen münasebetler, bu politikayı benimsemeyen bazı grupların silâhlı muhal
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legislative victories, and it’s not supposed to work that way. The other problem was that it was becoming possible for people to organize. People have to be atomized and segregated and alone. They’re not supposed to organize, because then they might be something beyond spectators of action. They might actually be participants if many people with limited resources could get together to enter the political arena. That’s really threatening. A major response was taken on the part of business to ensure that this would be the last legislative victory for labor and that it would be the beginning of the end of this democratic deviation of popular organization. It worked. That was the last legislative victory for labor. From that point on-although the number of people in the unions increased for a while during the World War II, after which it started dropping-the capacity to act through the unions began to steadily drop. It wasn’t by accident. We’re now talking about the business community, which spends lots and lots of money, attention, and thought into how to deal with these problems through the public relations industry and other organizations, like the National Association of Manufacturers and the Business Roundtable, and so on. They immediately set to work to try to find a way to counter these democratic deviations.
The first trial was one year later, in 1937. There was a major strike, the Steel strike in western Pennsylvania at Johnstown. Business tried out a new technique of labor destruction, which worked very well. Not through goon squads and breaking knees. That wasn’t working very well any more, but through the more subtle and effective means of propaganda. The idea was to figure out ways to turn the public against the strikers, to present the strikers as disruptive, harmful to the public and against the common interests. The common interests are those of “us,” the businessman, the worker, the housewife. That’s all “us.” We want to be together and have things like harmony and Americanism and working together. Then there’s those bad strikers out there who are disruptive and causing trouble and breaking harmony and violating Americanism. We’ve got to stop them so we can all live together. The corporate executive and the guy who cleans the floors all have the same interests. We can all work together and work for Americanism in harmony, liking each other. That was essentially the message. A huge amount of effort was put into presenting it. This is, after all, the business community, so they control the media and have massive resources. And it worked, very effectively. It was later called the “Mohawk Valley formula” and applied over and over again to break strikes. They were called “scientific methods of strike-breaking,” and worked very effectively by mobilizing community opinion in favor of vapid, empty concepts like Americanism. Who can be against that? Or harmony. Who can be against that? Or, as in the Persian Gulf War, “Support our troops.” Who can be against that? Or yellow ribbons. Who can be against that? Anything that’s totally vacuous.
In fact, what does it mean if somebody asks you, Do you support the people in Iowa? Can you say, Yes, I support them, or No, I don’t support them? It’s not even a question. It doesn’t mean anything.
That’s the point. The point of public relations slogans like “Support our troops” is that they don’t mean anything. They mean as much as whether you support the people in Iowa. Of course, there was an issue. The issue was, Do you support our policy? But you don’t want people to think about that issue. That’s the whole point of good propaganda. You want to create a slogan that nobody’s going to be against, and everybody’s going to be for. Nobody knows what it means, because it doesn’t mean anything. Its crucial value is that it diverts your attention from a question that does mean something: Do you support our policy? That’s the one you’re not allowed to talk about. So you have people arguing about support for the troops? “Of course I don’t not support them. ” Then you’ve won. That’s like Americanism and harmony. We’re all together, empty slogans, let’s join in, let’s make sure we don’t have these bad people around to disrupt our harmony with their talk about class struggle, rights and that sort of business.
That’s all very effective. It runs right up to today. And of course it is carefully thought out. The people in the public relations industry aren’t there for the fun of it. They’re doing work. They’re trying to instill the right values. In fact, they have a conception of what democracy ought to be: It ought to be a system in which the specialized class is trained to work in the service of the masters, the people who own the society. The rest of the population ought to be deprived of any form of organization, because organization just causes trouble. They ought to be sitting alone in front of the TV and having drilled into their heads the message, which says, the only value in life is to have more commodities or live like that rich middle class family you’re watching and to have nice values like harmony and Americanism. That’s all there is in life. You may think in your own head that there’s got to be something more in life than this, but since you’re watching the tube alone you assume, I must be crazy, because that’s all that’s going on over there. And since there is no organization permitted- that’s absolutely crucial-you never have a way of finding out whether you are crazy, and you just assume it, because it’s the natural thing to assume.
So that’s the ideal. Great efforts are made in trying to achieve that ideal. Obviously, there is a certain conception behind it. The conception of democracy is the one that I mentioned. The bewildered herd is a problem. We’ve got to prevent their roar and trampling. We’ve got to distract them. They should be watching the Superbowl or sitcoms or violent movies. Every once in a while you call on them to chant meaningless slogans like “Support our troops.” You’ve got to keep them pretty scared, because unless they’re properly scared and frightened of all kinds of devils that are going to destroy them from outside or inside or somewhere, they may start to think, which is very dangerous, because they’re not competent to think. Therefore it’s important to distract them and marginalize them.
That’s one conception of democracy. In fact, going back to the business community, the last legal victory for labor really was 1935, the Wagner Act. After the war came, the unions declined as did a very rich working class culture that was associated with the unions. That was destroyed. We moved to a business-run society at a remarkable level. This is the only state-capitalist industrial society which doesn’t have even the normal social contract that you find in comparable societies. Outside of South Africa, I guess, this is the only industrial society that doesn’t have national health care. There’s no general commitment to even minimal standards of survival for the parts of the population who can’t follow those rules and gain things for themselves individually. Unions are virtually nonexistent. Other forms of popular structure are virtually nonexistent. There are no political parties or organizations. It’s a long way toward the ideal, at least structurally. The media are a corporate monopoly. They have the same point of view. The two parties are two factions of the business party. Most of the population doesn’t even bother voting because it looks meaningless. They’re marginalized and properly distracted. At least that’s the goal. The leading figure in the public relations industry, Edward Bernays, actually came out of the Creel Commission. He was part of it, learned his lessons there and went on to develop what he called the “engineering of consent,” which he described as “the essence of democracy. ” The people who are able to engineer consent are the ones who have the resources and the power to do it-the business community-and that’s who you work for.
It is also necessary to whip up the population in support of foreign adventures. Usually the population is pacifist, just like they were during the First World War. The public sees no reason to get involved in foreign adventures, killing, and torture. So you have to whip them up. And to whip them up you have to frighten them. Bernays himself had an important achievement in this respect. He was the person who ran the public relations campaign for the United Fruit Company in 1954, when the United States moved in to overthrow the capitalist-democratic government of Guatemala and installed a murderous death-squad society, which remains that way to the present day with constant infusions of U.S. aid to prevent in more than empty form democratic deviations. It’s necessary to constantly ram through domestic programs which the public is opposed to, because there is no reason for the public to be in favor of domestic programs that are harmful to them. This, too, takes extensive propaganda. We’ve seen a lot of this in the last ten years. The Reagan programs were overwhelmingly unpopular. Voters in the 1984 “Reagan landslide,” by about three to two, hoped that his policies would not be enacted. If you take particular programs, like armaments, cutting back on social spending, etc., almost every one of them was overwhelmingly opposed by the public. But as long as people are marginalized and distracted and have no way to organize or articulate their sentiments, or even know that others have these sentiments, people who said that they prefer social spending to military spending, who gave that answer on polls, as people overwhelmingly did, assumed that they were the only people with that crazy idea in their heads. They never heard it from anywhere else. Nobody’s supposed to think that. Therefore, if you do think it and you answer it in a poll, you just assume that you’re sort of weird. Since there’s no way to get together with other people who share or reinforce that view and help you articulate it, you feel like an oddity, an oddball. So you just stay on the side and you don’t pay any attention to what’s going on. You look at something else, like the Superbowl.
To a certain extent, then, that ideal was achieved, but never completely. There are institutions which it has as yet been impossible to destroy. The churches, for example, still exist. A large part of the dissident activity in the United States comes out of the churches, for the simple reason that they’re there. So when you go to a European country and give a political talk, it may very likely be in the union hall. Here that won’t happen, because unions first of all barely exist, and if they do exist they’re not political organizations. But the churches do exist, and therefore you often give a talk in a church. Central American solidarity work mostly grew out of the churches, mainly because they exist.
The bewildered herd never gets properly tamed, so this is a constant battle. In the 1930s they arose again and were put down. In the 1960s there was another wave of dissidence. There was a name for that. It was called by the specialized class “the crisis of democracy. ” Democracy was regarded as entering into a crisis in the 1960s. The crisis was that large segments of the population were becoming organized and active and trying to participate in the political arena. Here we come back to these two conceptions of democracy. By the dictionary definition, that’s an advance in democracy. By the prevailing conception that’s a problem, a crisis that has to be overcome. The population has to be driven back to the apathy, obedience and passivity that is their proper state. We therefore have to do something to overcome the crisis. Efforts were made to achieve that. It hasn’t worked. The crisis of democracy is still alive and well, fortunately, but not very effective in changing policy. But it is effective in changing opinion, contrary to what a lot of people believe. Great efforts were made after the 1960s to try to reverse and overcome this malady. One aspect of the malady actually got a technical name. It was called the “Vietnam Syndrome.” The Vietnam Syndrome, a term that began to come up around 1970, has actually been defined on occasion. The Reaganite intellectual Norman Podhoretz defined it as “the sickly inhibitions against the use of military force. ” There were these sickly inhibitions against violence on the part of a large part of the public. People just didn’t understand why we should go around torturing people and killing people and carpet bombing them. It’s very dangerous for a population to be overcome by these sickly inhibitions, as Goebbels understood, because then there’s a limit on foreign adventures. It’s necessary, as the Washington Post put it rather proudly during the Gulf War hysteria, to instill in people respect for “martial value.” That’s important. If you want to have a violent society that uses force around the world to achieve the ends of its own domestic elite, it’s necessary to have a proper appreciation of the martial virtues and none of these sickly inhibitions about using violence. So that’s the Vietnam Syndrome. It’s necessary to overcome that one.
REPRESENTATION AS REALITY
It’s also necessary to completely falsify history. That’s another way to overcome these sickly inhibitions, to make it look as if when we attack and destroy somebody we’re really protecting and defending ourselves against major aggressors and monsters and so on. There has been a huge effort since the Vietnam war to reconstruct the history of that. Too many people began to understand what was really going on. Including plenty of soldiers and a lot of young people who were involved with the peace movement and others. That was bad. It was necessary to rearrange those bad thoughts and to restore some form of sanity, namely, a recognition that whatever we do is noble and right. If we’re bombing South
Vietnam, that’s because we’re defending South Vietnam against somebody, namely, the South Vietnamese, since nobody else was there. It’s what the Kennedy intellectuals called defense against “internal aggression” in South Vietnam. That was the phrase used by Adlai Stevenson and others. It was necessary to make that the official and well understood picture. That’s worked pretty well. When you have total control over the media and the educational system and scholarship is conformist, you can get that across. One indication of it was revealed in a study done at the University of Massachusetts on attitudes toward the current Gulf crisis-a study of beliefs and attitudes in television watching. One of the questions asked in that study was, How many Vietnamese casualties would you estimate that there were during the Vietnam war? The average response on the part of Americans today is about 100,000. The official figure is about two million. The actual figure is probably three to four million. The people who conducted the study raised an appropriate question: What would we think about German political culture if, when you asked people today how many Jews died in the Holocaust, they estimated about 300,000? What would that tell us about German political culture? They leave the question unanswered, but you can pursue it. What does it tell us about our culture? It tells us quite a bit. It is necessary to overcome the sickly inhibitions against the use of military force and other democratic deviations. In this particular case it worked. This is true on every topic. Pick the topic you like: the Middle East, international terrorism, Central America, whatever it is-the picture of the world that’s presented to the public has only the remotest relation to reality. The truth of the matter is buried under edifice after edifice of lies upon lies. It’s all been a marvelous success from the point of view in deterring the threat of democracy, achieved under conditions of freedom, which is extremely interesting. It’s not like a totalitarian state, where it’s done by force. These achievements are under conditions of freedom. If we want to understand our own society, we’ll have to think about these facts. They are important facts, important for those who care about what kind of society they live in.
Despite all of this, the dissident culture survived. It’s grown quite a lot since the 1960s. In the 1960s the dissident culture first of all was extremely slow in developing. There was no protest against the Indochina war until years after the United States had started bombing South Vietnam. When it did grow it was a very narrow dissident movement, mostly students and young people. By the 1970s that had changed considerably. Major popular movements had developed: the environmental movement, the feminist movement, the anti-nuclear movement, and others. In the 1980s there was an even greater expansion to the solidarity movements, which is something very new and important in the history of at least American, and maybe even world dissidence. These were movements that not only protested but actually involved themselves, often intimately, in the lives of suffering people elsewhere. They learned a great deal from it and had quite a civilizing effect on mainstream America. All of this has made a very large difference. Anyone who has been involved in this kind of activity for many years must be aware of this. I know myself that the kind of talks I give today in the most reactionary parts of the country-central Georgia, rural Kentucky, etc.-are talks of the kind that I couldn’t have given at the peak of the peace movement to the most active peace movement audience. Now you can give them anywhere. People may agree or not agree, but at least they understand what you’re talking about and there’s some sort of common ground that you can pursue.
These are all signs of the civilizing effect, despite all the propaganda, despite all the efforts to control thought and manufacture consent. Nevertheless, people are acquiring an ability and a willingness to think things through. Skepticism about power has grown, and attitudes have changed on many, many issues. It’s kind of slow, maybe even glacial, but perceptible and important. Whether it’s fast enough to make a significant difference in what happens in the world is another question. Just to take one familiar example of it: The famous gender gap. In the 1960s attitudes of men and women were approximately the same on such matters as the “martial virtues” and the sickly inhibitions against the use of military force. Nobody, neither men nor women, were suffering from those sickly inhibitions in the early 1960s. The responses were the same. Everybody thought that the use of violence to suppress people out there was just right. Over the years it’s changed. The sickly inhibitions have increased all across the board. But meanwhile a gap has been growing, and by now it’s a very substantial gap. According to polls, it’s something like twenty-five percent. What has happened? What has happened is that there is some form of at least semiorganized popular movement that women are involved in-the feminist movement. Organization has its effects. It means that you discover that you’re not alone. Others have the same thoughts that you do. You can reinforce your thoughts and learn more about what you think and believe. These are very informal movements, not like a membership organizations, just a mood that involves interactions among people. It has a very noticeable effect. That’s the danger of democracy: If organizations can develop, if people are no longer just glued to the tube, you may have all these funny thoughts arising in their heads, like sickly inhibitions against the use of military force. That has to be overcome, but it hasn’t been overcome.
PARADE OF ENEMIES
Instead of talking about the last war, let me talk about the next war, because sometimes it’s useful to be prepared instead of just reacting. There
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ümleri ile doğrudan irtibata geçmeleri gerekmektedir.<|endoftext|>“Herhangi bir erkek devriyesi için keşif yapmamız gerektiğini biliyorum, ama neden bu kadar sıkıcı olması gerektiğini anlamıyorum, Momo.”
Pembe uzaylı kız, siyah saçlı arkadaşına yüzünde donuk bir bakışla baktı. At kuyruklu kahraman, arkadaşına sinir bozucu bir parıltı vermek için kubbeli şehre doğru işaret ettiği dürbünü indirdi.
Derin bir nefes çekti. “Bunu diğer kızların iyiliği için yapıyoruz, Mina. Her şey Tuhaflığını göstermen için sürekli bir bahane değil. Bazen yerinde kalmalı ve odaklanmalıyız.”
Mina Momo'ya surat astı ve diğer arkadaşlarına baktı, hepsi gözetleme vardiyası bitene kadar zaman öldürmeye çalıştı. Yaşadıkları her şeye rağmen hala silah arkadaşlarının bazı kişisel alışkanlıklarıyla ilgileniyor.
Kurbağanın fiziksel özelliklerine sahip kız Tsuyu Asui, Momo'nun Tuhaflığını kullanarak vücudundan çıkardığı bir tebeşir parçasıyla bir kayanın üzerine çiziyordu. Diğer arkadaşlarından biri olan Kyoka Jirou'nun, kulaklık jakları yere yaslanmış halde başka bir kayaya karşı uyuyan bir portresini çiziyor gibiydi. Yapacak bir şey için o kadar aç kalmıştı ki, arkadaşını uyurken çizerek, olan her şeyden daha çok eğlendiğini hissetti.
Yine de gruptaki uyuyan tek kişi Jiro değildi; Takımın kabarcıklı yerçekimi kontrolörü Ochako, Tsuyu'nun hemen arkasından gözlerini kapattı ve son birkaç on yılda kendisine ve kadın cinsiyetinin geri kalanına olan her şeyi düşündüğü için barışçıl bir şekilde kendini oluşturmaya çalıştı. her şeyin yanlış gitmesi için.
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Ademoğulları'nın tüm Japonya'yı gölgelerden ele geçirmesinden ve kadınlara karşı haçlı seferlerinde dünyanın geri kalanını takip etmesinden bu yana daha dün gibi hissettim. Ochako tüm şiddeti, haberlerde bildirilen tüm kan dökülmesini hatırladı; Tokyo'daki milyonlarca erkek var olan kadınlara karşı protesto ediyordu. Kadınlar arasındaki cinayet oranı bir gecede fırladı, Ochako ve diğer birçok kahraman endişe verici miktarda kadın kurbanı ve daha da endişe verici miktarda erkek faili fark etti.
İşin en garip yanı, diğer erkek kahramanlarından gelen tam ilgisizlikti; hiçbiri ülkelerinin sokaklarında öldürülen binlerce kadını fark etmiyor ya da umursamıyor gibiydi. Aslında, UA Lisesi'ndeki sınıfındaki erkeklerle yaptığı bazı konuşmalardan, Ochako'nun Mineta ve Sero gibi erkekleri hastanelerin dışında protesto ettiğini gördüğünü hatırlayabildiği noktaya kadar, aslında cinayetlerin çoğunu destekliyor gibiydiler. kadınları tedavi etmek ve Adem Oğullarına katılmak “kadın hastalığının kötülüklerine” karşı mitingler.
Bir noktada, Japon hükümeti aslında ülkenin kahramanlarının kendi cinsiyetlerinin üyelerini kurtarmasını engellemeye çalışıyor gibiydi. Kadın kahramanlar düpedüz suç işlendi, Mount Lady ve Midnight gibi en popüler olanların çoğu tutuklandı ve kadın cinsiyetinin yeni baskısına karşı konuştuktan sonra bir daha asla haber alınamadı. Herhangi bir bağlamda başka bir kadını kurtarmaya çalışırken yakalanan herhangi bir kadın da derhal tutuklanacaktı.
Ülkenin bütün devleti onu korkuttu, ama kendini belki de tüm çocukların bir aşamadan geçtiğine ya da ona uzun vadeli, inanılmaz derecede karmaşık bir şaka yaptıklarına ikna etti. Belki de sadece kötü bir rüya görüyordu ve yakında yatağında uyanıp dünya eskisi gibi olacaktı. Bir gece bu bakış açısını tamamen değiştirdi.
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Ailesini okulun dışındaki dairelerinde ziyaret etmeye karar verdi. Tüm kız cinayetleri ve ülkede büyüyen garip dini etkiler yüzünden onları görmeyeli uzun zaman olmuştu ve ailesini görmek, sakinleşmesi ve her şeyin yoluna gireceği söylenebilmesi için muhtemelen zihninin biraz rahat olmasına izin verecekti.
Ön kapıya ulaşmak için 1A Sınıfı yurtlardan geçerken, o zamanki erkek arkadaşı çilli Izuku Midoriya ve patlayıcı kül başlı rakibi Bakugou da dahil olmak üzere oturma odasındaki bazı çocukların ona bakarken tamamen sessizce oturarak ona bir ölüm parlaması verdiğini fark etti. Hepsi son zamanlarda garip davranıyorlardı, hepsi sınıfın kızlarıyla konuşmaktan asla rahatsız olmuyorlardı ve birbirlerinin odalarında kendilerini tutuyorlardı, her gece başka bir erkek odasına dönüşüyorlardı, neredeyse bir tür toplantı yapıyorlarmış gibi. Ve eğer adamlardan biri odasının dışında olsaydı, görüş alanlarındaki kızlardan herhangi birine nefret dolu, şehvet dolu bir bakış atarlardı, sadece yürüyor olsalar bile. Kızların erkeklerle hep birlikte konuşmayı bıraktıkları noktaya geldi, çünkü adil cinsiyete verdikleri bakışlar onları rahatsız etmek için bakıyordu.
Vücudunun karşı karşıya olduğu kapıya doğru hafifçe aşağıya bakarak erkeklerin ona nasıl baktığını görmezden gelmeye çalıştı, ama erkek arkadaşının bile gözlerinde karanlıkla ona bakması midesinin batmasına neden oldu. Göğüs bölgesinde bıçak yarası olan kadınların ve boyunlarından köprülere asılan diğer kızların grafik fotoğraflarını içeren raporda, kadın cinayet oranının bir önceki haftaya göre %500 oranında şaşırtıcı bir artış gösterdiğini gösteren bir haber raporu gibi görünen şeyleri izlemelerine yardımcı olmadı. Gözünün köşesinden, elektrikle tuhaflaşan çocuk Kaminari'nin ona bakarken ereksiyon olduğunu görebiliyordu. Yüzündeki tiksinti ifadesini salladı ve kapıdan çıktı.
Aceleyle ilerlerken, sokaklardaki diğer tüm erkeklerin ona yurttaki oğlanların verdiği bakışı verdiğini fark etti. Bazıları, attığı adımlardan düz düğmeli gömleğinden sallanırken göğüslerine bakıyordu, diğerleri ise elmalı kotundan fırlayan kıçına bakıyordu. Ama çoğu, hepsi olmasa da, gözlerinde nefretle ona baktı. Başka bir şey fark etti; sokaklarda, parkta ya da dışarıdaki restoranlarda yemek yiyen kadın yoktu. Hepsi erkekti. Her yer.
Şehirdeki tüm erkeklerin delici gözlerini bedeninde hissederken yavaş bir koşu yürüyüşüne başladı, anne ve babasının dairesine doğru daha hızlı ve daha hızlı koşmaya başladığında göğüsleri rüzgarda sıçradı, erkek bakışlarının ağırlığının vücuduna korku saldığını hissetti. çevresini daha çok gözlemledi.
Sonunda ailesinin yaşadığı apartman kompleksine vardığında nefesini tuttu. Neyse ki etrafta daha fazla erkek yokmuş gibi görünüyordu, içinde biriken kaygının, ailesinin evine merdivenlerden çıkarken biraz azalmasına izin veriyordu. Evlerinin ön kapısına geldiğinde, açıktı ve garip bir şekilde sessizdi. Ochako içeri girdi, dairenin içindeki gerginlik o kadar kalındı ki bıçakla kesebilirdiniz.
"Merhaba?" diye seslendi, koridorda yürürken annesinden ya da babasından hevesle bir cevap bekliyordu. Köşeyi döndü ve mutfakta yerde gördüklerine bağırdı; annesinin cansız cesediydi, kanla kaplı ve tamamen çıplaktı, babası elinde kanlı bir bıçakla onun üzerinde duruyordu.
Ochako sarsıldı, kusacakmış gibi hissetti. Bazı kelimeleri çıkarmaya çalıştı.
"B-Baba? Ne... ne yaptın?”
Babası yüzünde şeytani bir sırıtışla döndü, gözlerindeki kana susamışlıkla kızına baktı. Soruya kıkırdadı.
“Uzun zaman önce yapmam gereken bir şey. Ve şimdi, sıra sende.”
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Ochako'nun gözleri derin uykusundan uyandığında ateş etti, az önce gördüğü kabusta ağır nefes almaya başladığında soğuk bir terle kaplandı. Kız kardeşleri kızın ani uyanışını fark etti ve ona koştu.
Mina omuzlarını tuttu ve sarıldı. "Ochako! Sen iyi misin? Ne oldu?”
Ochako ağır nefes almaya devam ederken ona endişeli bakışlar atan diğer kızlara bakarak geri sarıldı.
"Hiçbir şey ... sadece kötü bir rüyaydı hepsi bu.” dedi, Mina'nın gitmesine izin verdiği sırada kız grubu arasında kalan sinirlilik havasını temizlemeyi umuyordu ve Tsuyu'nun elini takım arkadaşının omzuna koymasıyla değiştirildi.
Momo, birbirlerini teselli etmeye çalışan yorgun ve korkmuş arkadaşlarına baktı ve sonra ne yapacağını düşünerek hayal kırıklığı içinde elini başına tutarken iç çekti. Gözlerini düşünce içinde kapattı ve birkaç saniye sonra tekrar açtı.
"Pekala, bugünlük işimiz bitti. Zaten hiçbir şey olmuyor.”
Diğer kızlar, şehre yakın keşif gezileri için hazırladıkları malzemeleri almak için geri dönen Momo'ya baktılar. Bıraktıkları yiyecek paketlerinden bazılarını almak için eğilirken ona baktılar, korkusuz liderlerinin aklında neler olup bittiğini merak ettiler. Onlar ona bakarken Momo onlara baktı.
“Orada öylece duracak mısın yoksa bana yardım edecek misin? Süper avcıların gelip bizi bulmasını ister misin?”
Kızlar ayağa kalkmadan önce birbirlerine baktılar ve gözetlemenin her tarafına dağılmış diğer malzemelere doğru yürüdüler. Bölgenin dört bir yanına kurulan çadırları ve uyku tulumlarını alıp yanlarında getirdikleri sırt çantalarına geri koymaya başladılar.
Toplanmaya başladıklarında, Ochako, Momo'nun süper avcılar hakkında bahsettiği şeyleri düşünerek kendini kaybetti. Dünyanın hükümetleri nihayet kadın olmayı yasadışı hale getirmeyi başardığında, süper kahraman mesleği bir gecede hızla değişti, tüm erkek kahramanlar süper avcılar haline geldi, kötü adamları durdurmak ya da sivilleri kurtarmak yerine kadınları bulmaya ve öldürmeye adanmış kahramanlar oldu. Kaçak kadınlar, kahraman meslektaşlarından daha tartışmalı ve daha az popüler olacaklarını düşünüyorlardı, ancak daha önce kahramanlardan daha popüler oldukları ortaya çıktı, kadın karşıtı ürünler raflardan daha hızlı uçuyordu. erkekler kadınları öldürmeye çalışmadığında hiç olmadığı kadar. Süper avcıların, kadınlara insan muamelesi yapıldığında sahip olduklarına benzer bir sıralama sistemine sahip olup olmadıklarını ya da üst düzey bir süper avcının olup olmadığını bilmiyordu, ama öğrenmek istemedi.
Birkaç dakika sonra, kızlar tüm teçhizatlarını toplamayı bitirdiler ve çorak çorak araziye doğru ilerlemeye başladılar.
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Momo yine liderliği ele geçiriyordu, saklandıkları yerin bulunduğu yere bir harita getirmeyi hatırlayan tek kişi oydu. Yeryüzünün şu anda olduğu ıssız topraklarda yürüdüler, ölü, çıplak kız ve kadın cesetleri yeryüzünün her yerine saçıldı. Kızların başından geçen onca şeyden sonra bile, cinsiyet arkadaşlarının hırpalanmış ve toprağa gömülmüş, altında yürüdükleri ölü ağaçların üzerine asılmış ve uzaktaki haçlara çarmıha gerilmiş görüntüleri onları hala sonuna kadar rahatsız ediyordu.
Momo aniden izlerinde duruncaya kadar ölü ormanda yürümeye devam ettiler. Kızların geri kalanı, korkusuz liderlerinin ne için durduğunu merak ederek davayı takip etti. Momo, arkalarından gelen hafif bir uğultu sesi duyana kadar birkaç saniye gökyüzüne baktı.
“HERKES, SAKLANSIN!”
Kızlar hızla Momo'nun ani komutasına atladılar ve saklanacak bir yer aramak için etrafta dolandılar. Kızlar ölü bir ağacın altında büyük bir kaya fark ettiler ve hızla altına dalmaya karar verdiler, arkalarında ne varsa geçmelerini beklediler, böylece yolculuklarına devam edebileceklerdi.
Mina, kayanın altından dört insansız hava aracının üzerlerinde dolaştığını görmek için dışarı baktı, yaklaşık bir düzine adam onu takip etti, hepsi kırmızı ve siyah kamuflaj yorgunluklarıyla ve tepeden tırnağa cephane torbalarıyla kaplıydı. Adamlar dikenli kızıl saçlı ve göğsünde kurşun geçirmez bir yelek olan bir figür tarafından yönetiliyordu, çenesi insanlık dışı bir dereceye kadar kareli bir şekli vardı ve Adem'in Oğulları sembolü sol omzuna karmakarışıktı. Lider Mina'ya tanıdık geldi ama tam olarak emin olmadı.
Adamların lideri küçük ordusuna geri döndü. "Pekala, kromozom detektörünü aç.”
Askerlerden biri bir çeşit uzaktan kumandayı çıkardı ve bir düğmeye bastı, bu da erkeklerin üzerindeki dronların koyu yeşil bir ışık yaymaktan kan kırmızısı bir parıltıya geçmesine neden oldu, sensörleri tüm orman alanını tarayarak tüm dronlardan yüksek bir siren yankılanana kadar.
"KADIN TESPİT EDİLDİ. DİŞİ TESPİT EDİLDİ. YETMİŞ DOKUZ METRE KUZEYDE.”
Aniden, kayanın altındaki kadın kahramanlar saklandıkları yerden kaçtılar ve adamlar silahlarını üzerlerine doğrulttular. kaçak dişilere tüfeklerinden sakinleştirici mermiler atıyorlar. Tsuyu, kıçına bir kurşunla vuruluncaya kadar kızların önüne atlamaya çalıştı ve hemen bilinçsiz bir duruma düştü. Ochako arkadaşının vücuduna koştu.
"TSUYU, UYAN! UYAN LÜTFEN!”
Mina ve Jiro, Momo Ochako'yu kolundan tutup koşmaya devam ederken kurbağa dişiye yardım etmeye çalışan yerçekimi kızının yanından geçerek arkadaşlarını kurtaramayacaklarını fark ettiler. Kendilerini kurtarmak zorundaydılar.
Mermiler, arkalarından gelen bir ıslık sesi duyulana kadar başlarının üzerinden uçmaya devam etti. Ochako arkasına baktı ve onlara doğru gelen bir füze barajını gördü. Kızlar, Momo onları mermilerden korumak için önlerine koşarken çığlık attılar. Füzeler, hepsi havaya fırlatılırken, yere düşerken ve bu süreçte bayılırken kızların önünde yere çarptı.
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Ochako'nun gözleri yavaşça açıldı, sahip olduğu büyük migren nedeniyle başını ovmaya çalıştı. Kollarını ya da bacaklarını hareket ettiremediğini fark etti ve başını bile zar zor hareket ettirebiliyordu. Bir çeşit kapalı alandaydı, o kadar dardı ki, biraz daha rahat etmek için içinde bulunduğu küçük alanın etrafında kıpırdamaya çalışırken yüzü yüzünün önündeki metal çubuklara çarpmıştı. Bir çeşit kafese hapsedilmiş olmasının yanı sıra, tepeden tırnağa tamamen çıplaktı, amının dudakları arkasındaki soğuk duvara çarpıyordu.
Ortadaki gruba çarptıktan sonra ne olduğunu hatırlayamadı, tek bildiği üşüdüğü, başı ağrıdığı ve çığlıklar duymasıydı. Bir sürü çığlık. Tüm kadınsı bir ses.
İçinde bulunduğu kafesin önünden etrafa bakmaya çalıştı, diğer tarafta ne olduğunu gözlemledi. Bir çeşit dev odaydı, kafesleri diğer tarafta ve hemen yanındakiyle aynıydı. İçinde bulunduğu odada binlerce, belki de yüz binlerce kafes olmalı, hepsi kadın ve kızlarla doluydu. Bazıları sevgili yaşam için çığlık atıyordu, diğerleri sessizce kendilerine hıçkırıyorlardı, ama çoğu tam olarak Ochako'nun yaptığı şeyi yapıyordu; yüzlerini köpeklerden daha azmış gibi kafeslere bastırarak etraflarında neler olup bittiğini anlamaya çalışıyorlardı.
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O kafeste ne kadar kaldığını bilmiyordu. Ochako belki saatlerce hatta günlerce bekliyordu. Tam olarak anlayamamış. Görebildiği ve duyabileceği tek şey çığlık atan ve birilerinin onlara yardım etmesi için ağlayan diğer kadınlardı. Ölmek istemesine neden oldu.
Kafesine doğru gelen ayak seslerini duymaya başladı, belli ki bir erkek figürü kafes kapısının önünde durdu, bir anahtarı çıkardı ve kapıdaki kilidi açtı, saçlarını tuttu ve Ochako'yu kafesinden çekerek soğuk zemine sürüklendi. Kahverengi saçlı kahraman saçları tarafından sürüklenirken yürümeye devam etti, kadınlarla dolu diğer kaf
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لزله زده که دارای شرایط بحرانی هستند، این سامانه قادر به تولید آب قابل شرب است.
مجری طرح این سامانه را شامل گالن های ۲۰ لیتری دانست و تصریح کرد: آب موجود در منطقه در داخل این گالن ها وارد می شود و با انجام عملیات تلمبه زنی و با استفاده از غشاهای کربنی و سرامیکی موجود در آن، آب سالم را عرضه خواهد نمود.
وی با اشاره به اینکه این سامانه قادر به حذف بار میکروبی است و ذرات معلق و کدورت آب را جذب می کند ولی امکان حذف شوری آب را ندارد، خاطرنشان کرد: این سیستم در اهواز و سیستان و بلوچستان در حال تست میدانی است.
رئیس هیات مدیره این شرکت دانش بنیان با تکیه بر اینکه فناوری این سامانه برای کاربردهای خانگی توسعه یافته است، افزود: این سامانه در جاهایی که شوری و سختی آب زیاد نباشد، قابل استفاده می باشد و می تواند آب آشامیدنی عاری از بار میکروب و کدورت را عرضه نماید.
بابالو با تکیه بر اینکه سامانه های تصفیه آب خانگی در دو مرحله می تواند آب را تصفیه کند، تصریح کرد: این سامانه دارای یک فیلتر کربنی برای حذف بو و طعم آب و یک غشای سرامیکی برای حذف کلیه آلودگی های آب است. در مناطقی که آب، دارای طعم و بوی خاصی باشد، فیلتر کربنی آنها را حذف خواهد نمود.
وی با تکیه بر اینکه عملکرد اصلی سامانه اصلی تصفیه آب خانگی فیلتر سرامیکی است، افزود: این بخش از سامانه از عبور کلیه آلودگی های آب، جلوگیری و آب سالم عرضه می کند.
بابالو افزود: فیلترهای مورد استفاده در سامانه تصفیه آب خانگی از نوع فیلترهای با ابعاد نانومتری است که به صورت زیر سینکی و یا رو کابینتی به شیر آب آشپزخانه متصل می شود و آب خروجی از آن عاری از هر نوع بار میکروبی است.
وی عمر مفید فیلترهای سرامیکی مورد استفاده در سامانه های تصفیه آب خانگی و شرایط بحرانی را ۵ سال ذکر کرد و اضافه کرد: در این زمان میتوان فیلتر سرامیکی را از محفظه خارج کرد و بعد از شست وشو باردیگر به محفظه بازگرداند.
بابالو ضمن اشاره به تفاوت این سامانه خانگی با سیستم های تصفیه عادی موجود در بازار، توضیح داد: سیستم های تصفیه موجود با استفاده از سیستمRO یا اسموز معکوس مبادرت به تصفیه آب می کنند که این روش در زمانی استفاده می شود که سختی و شوری آب بالا باشد و در شرایطی که سختی آب در کشور در حد استاندارد است، احتیاج به این نوع تصفیه نیست.
رئیس هیات مدیره این شرکت با اشاره به اینکه این سامانه ها در فاز تجاری سازی ساخته شده است، تصریح کرد: در حوزه صادرات هم موفق به صادرات غشاهای سرامیکی صنعتی به چین شدیم.
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نظرات بینندگان در مورد این مطلب<|endoftext|>Skip to comments.Astronomy Picture of the Day -- At the West Wall of Aristarchus Crater
Posted on 02/17/2012 2:53:26 AM PST by SunkenCiv
Explanation: Aristarchus Plateau is anchored in the vast lava flows of the Moon's Oceanus Procellarum. At the plateau's southeastern edge lies the spectacular Aristarchus Crater, an impact crater 40 kilometers wide and 3 kilometers deep. Scan along this remarkable panorama and you will find yourself gazing directly at the crater's west wall for some 25 kilometers. Features along the terraced wall include dark impact melt and debris deposits, bright excavated material, and boulders over 100 meters wide. At a full resolution of 1.6 meters per pixel, the sharp mosaic was created from images recorded by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's narrow angle camera in November of 2011. The orbiter's vantage point was 70 kilometers east of the crater's center and only 26 kilometers above the lunar surface.
(Excerpt) Read more at 188.8.131.52 ...
Looks like a great place to begin mining operations.
...Or terraced apartments
Now we know how the man-in-the-moon died!
Ya know, I was thinking the same thing. Can you imagine what will happen when commercial exploration of space begins and the first megalithic find of gold or even iron is found on the moon? Space exploration will explode and a race for new exploration opportunities will begin.
I pray it happens in my lifetime.
What would that do to the price of gold?
It’s absolutely ludicrous to think that precious metals, minerals, ores, and even petroleum can’t be found elsewhere in the solar system. They were either extant on Earth or were deposited here by ancient asteroids/meteors, etc. (panspermia).
If these ores, esp. gold, were found elsewhere in the solar system, I predict that the price of gold won’t budge for a while. It will take several years to get the proper equipment into space and staged for mining operations on the moon or elsewhere. Then those mined materials have to be either refined on site or brought back to Earth. Either way, it’s not a money-making operation right off the line. It’ll take probably decades to get a regular supply line coming in to affect gold in any real way.
But just imagine the possibilities if iron, titanium, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, or any other building material metals could be found in large quantities on the moon or Mars. We could see an extraterrestrial building boom and a space-based industrial revolution that would make every man, woman and child on Earth rich.
Get us off this rock!
Occupy the Moon!
I was gonna say bird poop.
*Snort* [giggles] [more giggles]
I read Ringworld a long time ago. I would love to see a movie on it.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.<|endoftext|>|Epoca della foto: 1░ novembre 1914||Fotografo: sconosciuto|
Origine: Archivio
autore: Marcello Bozzo NOTE: [email protected]
L'incrociatore corazzato di 2¬ classe SMS Leipzig costeggia la
costa cilena nei pressi della Baia di Arauco dove di lý a poco, di fronte
alla cittadina di CoronÚl, sarebbe avvenuto lo scontro tra le unitÓ della
Marina Imperiale Tedesca naviganti verso sud ed una squadra Britannica
risalente la costa dopo aver passato Capo Horn.
Gli inglesi ebbero la peggio, ma si sarebbero rifatti della perdita l'8 dicembre seguente alle Isole Falkland dove i due incrociatori leggeri britannici HMS Glasgow e HMS Cornwall inseguirono il SMS Leipzig per 80 miglia a sud est delle Falkland e lo affondarono a cannonate.
Note tecniche e storiche dell'incrociatore SMS Leipzig alla scheda 1699C.
ELENCO ALFABETICO NAVI DA GUERRA<|endoftext|>With the holidays quickly approaching, many folks are looking to purchase toys and games that both entertain children and provide kids with an opportunity to learn. Earlier this year, I looked at 7 such offerings, and, today, I discuss 3 new ones that help children hone skills in ways that more formal training mechanisms sometimes cannot.
Thank you to my daughters, Penina, Mimi, and Tammy, for helping with this review.
mBot is a series of robots that children can assemble and control with "drag and drop" programming. The various mBots - which retail for $94.99 and up (some models intended for schools are currentlyon sale for significantly less) - teach children about both computer programming concepts and electronics/robotics. Kids connect mBot robots to either computers or mobile devices from which they effectively assemble code snippets to control the devices. There are also expansion packs that one can purchase to add more physical components to the mBots.
Beasts of Balance
The Beasts of Balance game, which retails for $99.99, allows children to create "worlds" of different animals - but, the kids playing the game must also ensure that the animals have enough energy to survive and thrive. Animals evolve, and can be actively crossed to create new species. While the game is played by children using physical pieces representing different animals, energy, and actions - the result of players' actions is displayed on a smartphone or tablet - so kids actually see the virtual world that they create. Besides teaching creativity, creative strategy, and some essentials of operations management, the game also involves some physical skill and related strategy: pieces played during the game are stacked into a tower - if adding a piece causes the tower to collapse the children must reassemble it quickly - or a volcano erupts and destroys the world.
Today's children are digital natives who view drones as normal as their parents did paper airplanes. I have tried out several drones; various offerings seem to have different strengths and weaknesses. One particularly convenient offering is the Pocket Drone from Odyssey Toys - it is small enough to literally fit into a jacket pocket, relatively inexpensive (it sells for a little over $90 on Amazon), and has a built in high-definition camera and advanced controls including auto-hover, so if you are traveling for the holidays or going on a vacation and want to bring a drone for your children (or for you) to use while away, this one seems like a good choice. Keep in mind when that flying drones is not as simple as it looks - which is one of the reason that flying drones builds skills and an understanding of some of the principles of flight - so you may want to either practice in a wide open field before attempting to fly anywhere near buildings or indoors, or practice with a cheap, non-camera drone with big propeller protectors, before moving onto the drone you actually travel with and use for capturing aerial photos and video. Also, remember that drones have fast moving propellers that can hurt someone - so exercise proper caution before letting children use them.
As before, I plan to review other cool technology-enabled toys in the future as they enter the marketplace. Also, if you are interested in watching a television show with younger children that depicts in an entertaining fashion how they can effectively and safely use technology, check out Dot.<|endoftext|>Family: Scorpaenidae, Scorpionfishes view all from this family
Description The Acadian redfish (Sebastes fasciatus) is a marine deep-water fish belonging to the family Sebastidae.
Found in the northern Atlantic Ocean, the Acadian redfish lives in depths of 70–592 meters. S. fasciatus is colored reddish-orange, can live up to 50 years or more and reaches lengths up to 20 inches. They feed on a variety of crustaceans, mollusks, and smaller fish. In addition, the Acadian redfish mates in the fall to late winter through means of "ovoviviparous reproduction" with around "15,000 20,000 extruded larvae produced per female" per season. Due to its slow growth rate, low fecundity, harmless nature, tendency to "hit almost any bait," and being considered a great food fish, the redfish has become endangered.
The Acadian redfish is extremely similar in appearance to the deepwater redfish Sebastes mentella. The two species can be distinguished by the number of soft rays in the anal fin, internal examination of the gas bladder, or by genetic testing.
Dimensions Up to 12" (30 cm).
Warning This fish must be handled with extreme care; it has skin-piercing, venomous fin spines.
Habitat Ocean or bay shallows.
Range New England.<|endoftext|>NBC’e konuşan kaynaklar, ABD Temsilciler Meclisi Başkanı Pelosi’nin Trump hakkında azil soruşturması başlatılacağını açıklayacağını iddia etti.
Demokratlar, Trump’ın Ukrayna Devlet Başkanı Vladimir Zelenskiy’e, 202 başkanlık seçimlerinde rakibi Joe Biden’ın oğlu Hunter’ı soruşturması için baskı yaparak görevini kötüye kullandığını savunuyor.
Diğer yandan Pelosi, Washington’daki Atlantic Festival’de yaptığı açıklamada, Demokratların Trump’ın azli yönünde adım atma konusunda ‘hazır’ olduğunu belirtti.
Pelosi, “Bu yüzden gerçekleri öğrenir öğrenmez söyledim, hazırız. Şimdi gerçeklerimiz var, hazırız” ifadelerini kullandı.
Pelosi, ulusal istihbaratın şefinin, Trump’nın Zelenskiy’le görüşmesiyle ilgili ihbarı yapan istihbarat yetkilisinin şikayetinin Kongre’yle paylaşılmasını engelleyerek yasaları ihlal ettiğini dile getirdi.
Geçen hafta Wall Street Journal (WSJ) gazetesi, Trump’ın, temmuz ayında Zelenskiy’le yaptığı bir telefon görüşmesinde eski Başkan Yardımcısı ve 2020 seçimlerinin adayı Joe Biden’ın oğlu Hunter’ı soruşturmasını istediğini ve Zelenskiy’e bu süreçte kendi kişisel avukatı Rudy Giuliani’yle birlikte çalışmasını 8 kere tekrarladığını öne sürmüştü.
Giuliani, Joe Biden’ın, oğlu Hunter Biden’ı, Ukraynalı doğalgaz şirketi Burisma Group’la olan bağıyla alakalı bir soruşturmadan koruduğunu dile getirmişti.
Ukrayna’da petrol ve doğalgaz üretimini yapan Burisma’nın yönetim kurulu üyeliğine atanan Hunter Biden, yolsuzluk ve kara para aklamakla suçlanıyordu.<|endoftext|>utilizzando tutte le armi e veicoli da guerra che avete a vostra disposizione per sconfiggere i nemici.
bisogna eliminare tutti i nemici di guerra, che appaiono nel vostro territorio. giocato con il mouse e
un nuovo episodio che bisogna eliminare i nemici in sanguinosi attentati.
prendi nel serbatoio attraverso il territorio della guerra e distruggere tutti i nemici che appaiono automobili. gioca con il mouse e w, a, s, d
è necessario creare una scena di guerra mettendo soldati e carri armati ovunque. gioca con il mouse
si sceglie il miglior battaglione per portarli alla vittoria, e così a conquistare il mondo.
si spara tutti i giocattoli che sono diventati i vostri nemici. gioca con le frecce e lo spazio
conduce attraverso il territorio nemico e di evitare tutte le trappole che sono nel vostro modo di sopravvivere alla guerra. gioca con le frecce e ctrl
si deve combattere dal serbatoio guerra contro tutti i nemici che ti attaccano.
lancia granate contro i tuoi nemici in guerra, sparare e fare tutto il possibile per vincere.
quelli in guerra e si deve volare il tuo aereo da caccia di evitare gli attacchi nemici. giocato con i tasti freccia, spazio e spostare
bisogna attraversare a piedi attraverso un intero esercito di nemici ed è necessario difendere la sparatoria.
è una battaglia contro i robot, li uccidono con colpi solidi e segnare il vostro senso intorno al luogo. gioca con le frecce, lo spazio e w
divertente game delle navi nel mezzo della guerra, distruggere tutti i nemici e sopravvivere i loro attacchi.
il vostro scopo è quello di eliminare i nemici che appaiono nel campo della guerra cercando di ucciderti. gioca con a, s, d, f, z, c, x, v, b
divertente game di guerra in cui si acquista unità di selezione per attaccare territorio nemico. gioca con il mouse
deve affrontare in una guerra orribile con alieni provenienti da un altro mondo e ottenere la vittoria finale su di loro. gioca con il mouse
deve combattere in guerra e cercare di ottenere la squadra nemica per sconfiggere voi e così li distruggerà. gioca con le frecce e tasti z, x, c, s
sono in guerra contro migliaia di navi da guerra che vogliono la tua morte, e derribalos apropiate tutto il cielo. gioca con le frecce e, s, d
si devono preparare per la guerra con la costruzione di un velivolo che ti piace, ponendo le parti ovunque. giocato con il mouse
abiti da questo ragazzo di dragon ball z per una lotta contro i loro avversari. giocato con il mouse<|endoftext|>البته هیچکس دوست ندارد وقتی در خانه قفل است و کلید ندارد بیرون از خانه بماند. درست است که اکثر قفل سازها کار خود را به خوبی انجام می دهند، اما خدمات آنها می تواند گران و زمان بر باشد. اگر به دنبال یک راه حل جایگزین هستید، ممکن است بتوانید با 2 پین از آن فرار کنید. در این مقاله درباره باز کردن قفل درب با سنجاق سر به شما خواهیم گفت.
همه ما در فیلمها و برنامههای تلویزیونی دیدهایم که دزدان یا افرادی که کلیدهای خود را گم کردهاند میتوانند با ابزارهای مفیدی مانند سوزن، سنجاق بابی یا نخ، قفل را باز کنند. اگر شما هم در شرایط مشابهی هستید و کلیدتان گم شده است و یا اگر به دنبال آموزش باز کردن قفل با سوزن یا باز کردن قفل با سیم و چنین ابزاری هستید، با ما همراه باشید. در این مقاله نحوه باز کردن قفل با سنجاق سر را به شما آموزش می دهیم. (همچنین می توانید از سوزن یا نخ به جای سنجاق بابی استفاده کنید.)
فهرست
1- یک سنجاق بابی بردارید و آن را طوری جدا کنید که یک طرف سنجاق بلندتر و صاف تر باشد
سنجاق را خم کنید تا یک قطعه فلزی بلند وجود داشته باشد. طرف بلندتر ابزار نوک تیز شما خواهد بود که برای جدا کردن پین ها به قفل می رود.
هر کدام از این پین ها یک قسمت پلاستیکی گرد در انتهای خود دارند و باید این قسمت پلاستیکی را از قسمتی که خم کرده و بلند کرده ایم جدا کنیم. می توانید مانند تصویر زیر این کار را با استفاده از دندان یا نخ دندان انجام دهید:
همچنین بخوانید:
2- از قفل برای خم کردن نوک پین استفاده کنید
پین را حدود یک سانتی متر داخل قفل فرو کنید. سمت صاف باید رو به بالا باشد. بقیه پین را به سمت چپ بکشید، سنجاق را کمی خم کنید. ما
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that you blow into. The priests often used a *trumpet as they *worshipped the *Lord (1 Chronicles 16:6). Everyone was excited and happy. And David was probably happier than everyone else.
Many Psalms refer to this event. For example, Psalm 24; Psalm 68:16-17, 24-27, 29, 35; Psalm 132:6-9; Psalm 47:5.
David had prepared a special tent for the *ark. This may have been like the tent that Moses made (Exodus 25-27). David gave two types of *offerings to the *Lord. The people did not have to give these *offerings. Instead the people gave these *offerings because they wanted to. However, they had to give the *offering the proper way. Leviticus chapters 1-7 describes 5 different types of *offerings that the *Israelites gave to the *Lord.
At the end of this event, David *blessed the people. ‘*Bless’ means to ask the *Lord to give people good things. The *Lord is most powerful. He gives everything that is good. Then David gave everyone a present. Everyone had enough food to eat as they went home. Dates and raisins are dried fruits (see also 1 Samuel 25:18 and 30:12). David led the *Israelites as their king. But he also led them when they *worshipped. David loved and served the *Lord. David wanted all the *Israelites to love and serve the *Lord too.
Michal was David’s wife. But this chapter always refers to her as ‘Saul’s daughter’. Michal was like her father Saul. Saul did not care about the *ark. He had not *worshipped the *Lord like David did. Saul became proud and he did not obey the *Lord. Saul cared what people thought about him. (You can read about Saul in 1 Samuel from chapter 9. Chapter 15 shows Saul’s attitude to the *Lord and other people.)
Michal had stayed in the palace. She watched the *ark of the *Lord come into the city. Michal knew that David was a brave soldier. He had become the king of the whole nation of *Israel. But she thought that this day he behaved like a foolish man. Michal saw what David did. But she did not understand how much David loved the *Lord. She did not care that David wanted to give honour to the *Lord.
In verse 20, David went to *bless his family. This included all his servants and slaves. Michal told David that his actions disgusted her. She did not respect David when she spoke to him. But David was confident. The *Lord had chosen him, not Saul’s family. Michal probably thought that David insulted her by his actions. David wanted God to have more honour and *glory. So, David was content to be more humble. Michal did not give David honour as the king. But David knew that even slaves would still give him honour as the king.
Michal did not have any children (verse 23). This suggests that she and David did not continue to live together as husband and wife. Therefore, Saul’s family could not continue through Michal. But David had other wives. And these wives gave honour to David, because David became a father by them. We do not know what happened to Michal. Probably she just lived in her own house like a widow, until she died.
1 Samuel 18:20-27 says that Michal had loved David. And David risked his life to marry her. But it seems that their marriage ended in this chapter. The Bible does not tell us anything else about Michal after this event.
(Verses 1-29 See also 1 Chronicles 17.)
The events of this chapter may have happened a long time after David became king. But the subject follows on from chapter 6 about the *ark of the *Lord.
The writer uses the *Hebrew word for ‘house’ in this chapter. This word has three different meanings. It refers to a building where people live. It also refers to a person’s family, in the present time and in the future. And it is another word for the *temple.
In verse 1, David lived in his house (palace). In verse 2 and 4 he wanted to build a house (*temple) for the *Lord. But in verses 11 and 16 the *Lord said that he would establish David’s house (royal family) to last always. David wanted to give honour to the *Lord. Instead, the *Lord gave honour, which would last always, to David and his family.
There was peace in *Israel. In Deuteronomy 12:10-14, the *Lord said that this would happen one day. The *Lord made David a successful soldier. David fought many battles and he defeated *Israel’s enemies. However, verse 9 says that the *Lord really defeated the enemies. The *Lord provided the land for the *Israelites (verse 10). He had promised this land to Abram (Abraham) in Genesis 15:18-19. The *Lord *kept his promise. There were no wars, so David was not very busy. He wanted to give more honour to the *Lord. David knew that he had an impressive palace. He thought that a tent was not good enough for the *ark of God. He wanted to build a great *temple. Then they would call this *temple ‘the house where God lives’. First, David asked Nathan the *prophet. The *Lord spoke to the *prophets and he gave them messages for people. David’s plan seemed good to Nathan but it was not the *Lord’s plan.
That night, the *Lord gave Nathan a message for David. The *Lord had not asked David to build him a *temple. God called it a ‘house’. In verse 11, he uses the word ‘house’ again. He was referring to the children that David would have. The *Lord wanted David to think about the *Lord’s actions. And the *Lord did not want David to think about what he, David, would do. Also, it was not the right time. And David was the wrong person. The writer of 1 Chronicles 22:8-10 tells us the reason. David was a soldier. He had fought many battles and he had killed many people. However, his son Solomon would be a peaceful king. He would not kill people. Therefore, the *Lord would let him build the *temple. You can read about this in 2 Chronicles chapters 2 to 7.
The *Lord reminded David about all that he had done for David. He was the king of *Israel only because the *Lord had chosen him. David was the *Lord’s servant. But the *Lord promised that someone from David’s family would always be king. David’s family continued to rule two *Israelite *tribes for more than 400 years. The *Lord’s promise in verse 16 referred to more than just human kings. It referred to Jesus Christ. He came from the family of King David (Luke 3:31). People called Jesus the ‘son of David’ (Matthew 21:9). And 1 Timothy 6:14-15 says that Jesus is ‘the king of all kings’. This shows that the *Lord *kept his promise to David.
Many years later, the *Israelites and their kings *sinned. They did not obey the *Lord so they were not safe in their country (verse 10). The *Lord punished them (2 Kings chapter 25). The *Lord had warned the *Israelites about this in Deuteronomy 28:15-68.
The *Lord promised always to love David’s son (verse 15). This was a special promise. The *Lord wanted them to have personal relationship like a father and son (verse 14). ‘Son’ refers to Solomon. But it also refers to the other kings who came from his family. So all kings of Israel were sons of God because they were special to God. God wanted to act through them. And God would always love the king (verse 15). A long time later, Jesus was born from David’s family. He was the Son of God in a special way. This contrasts with King Saul. He did not love the *Lord so the *Lord removed him. Nobody in Saul’s family ever became king after he died. Sadly, Solomon did not follow the *Lord as David did (1 Kings 11:4). But the *Lord continued to love Solomon. The *Lord *kept his promise.
Nathan was a good *prophet. He listened to the *Lord and then he told David everything.
Verse 18 means that David sat in front of the *ark of the *Lord. It was probably in a tent. The *ark of the *Lord had a curtain round it (Exodus 40:1-2). Nobody could see it because it was holy. The *Lord used to speak as if he were above the *ark.
David heard what the *Lord had promised. But he did not become proud. Instead, he went to pray to the *Lord. David was a humble man. He referred often to the greatness of God. And he referred often to himself as the *Lord’s servant.
In verses 18-21, David did not know what to say to the *Lord. He could hardly believe what the *Lord had promised. The *Lord knew everything. And he even told David what would happen in the future. This was very unusual. David was very grateful to the *Lord. David knew that he did not deserve anything.
In verses 22-24, David praised the *Lord for all that the *Lord had done for *Israel in the past. David knew that *Israel was the *Lord’s special nation. David knew how wonderful and powerful the *Lord was. Even other nations knew about the *Lord’s great acts.
In verses 25-29, David became confident. David asked the *Lord to *keep his promise. And he knew that the *Lord would do this. David wanted the *Lord to have honour. David was not selfish. He did not want honour for himself or his family. Instead, he wanted everyone to see how great the *Lord is. David knew that he was the *Lord’s servant. And he wanted his family to serve the *Lord always.
David did not build a *temple for the *Lord. He accepted the *Lord’s decision and he obeyed him. However, 1 Chronicles 28:11-19 says that the *Lord gave David the plans for the *temple. We do not know when this happened. But it shows that the *Lord trusted David. David had a lot of knowledge but Solomon did not. Solomon was still young, so David helped him with all the preparations. David provided many materials and skilled men. He also explained to Solomon all the details in the plans of the *temple (1 Chronicles chapters 22, 28 and 29). David always wanted to obey and to *worship the *Lord. And David always wanted to give honour to the *Lord. So David tried to make sure that Solomon built the *temple in the right way. You can read how Solomon built the temple in 1 Kings chapter 6.
(Verses 1-18 See 1 Chronicles 18.)
This account continues from the end of chapter 5. It describes how the *Lord made *Israel a peaceful country (7:1). The *Philistine’s country was on the west side of *Israel. Edom and Amalek were in the south. Ammon and Moab were in the east. Zobah and the *Arameans were in the north. David and his soldiers fought many battles. But verses 6 and 14 show that the *Lord made them successful. This chapter does not give a complete list of the battles. There are several other accounts of battles in the rest of 2 Samuel.
The *Philistines had attacked *Israel for several centuries. They wanted to own *Israel’s land. But David defeated them and ruled them. The account of the battle in verse 1 is in chapter 5:17-25. The *Philistines did not attack *Israel again.
We do not know why David fought against Moab. David’s father was Jesse. Jesse’s grandmother was Ruth. She came from Moab (Ruth 4:13-17). Also, in 1 Samuel 22:1-4, David wanted his parents to stay somewhere safe. So, he sent them to stay with the king of Moab. David’s actions in verse 2 seem very severe. However, kings usually killed all their prisoners. But David allowed some prisoners from Moab to live.
Originally, God did not want the *Israelites to fight the people from Moab (Deuteronomy 2:9). But the leaders of Moab wanted God to oppose the *Israelites. So the leaders of Moab paid a *prophet, called Balaam, to speak against the *Israelites. But Balaam had to *bless the *Israelites, because God had already *blessed them. And Balaam said that, in the future, a ruler from *Israel would overcome Moab (Numbers 24:17). Many centuries later, David did this.
In those days, kings often used *chariots when they fought a battle. Horses pulled the *chariots. Skilled soldiers rode in the *chariots with their *weapons. These soldiers could travel much faster than ordinary soldiers could. David did not kill the horses. Instead, he made sure that they would never be able to go into a battle again. The horse’s legs would heal. But they would never be able to run properly again.
David fought against Hadadezer in the extreme north. He also went to the Valley of Salt in the extreme south. When David defeated a country, he took its precious metal objects. He gave them to the *Lord (verse 11). David did this to thank the *Lord for the battles that David had won. Later, the priests kept these objects in the *temple (2 Kings 11:10). King Toi sent presents to King David. He wanted to show David that he was David’s friend, not his enemy. Solomon used a lot of *bronze when he made objects for the *temple (1 Chronicles 18:8).
Every country that David defeated had to pay taxes to him. This showed that David ruled them. Also, it made the countries poor. Then they could not afford to buy new *weapons. But it made *Israel rich. David set up many military camps. The soldiers made sure that the countries obeyed David. They probably collected the taxes too.
David ruled over all the territory that the *Lord had promised to Abraham in Genesis 15:18-19, over 1000 years before. (See also Deuteronomy 11:23-25 and Joshua 1:1-6.)
David was a good king. He cared about the people that he ruled. He knew that they were God’s people. The *Lord is good and fair (Deuteronomy 32:4). David knew that the *Lord wanted David to be good and fair. God *blesses people who behave in this way (Psalm 37:25-29). Samuel had been the judge in *Israel until he died. He used to go and visit different towns (1 Samuel 7:15-16). David began a central legal system. He became the judge. People who needed a judge used to visit him in Jerusalem (2 Samuel 15:2).
David organised his government. Joab was the son of David’s sister (1 Chronicles 2:16). Seraiah wrote the official records. Jehoshaphat kept the records safe. He also informed and advised the king about the records. And he told the people about the king’s commands. There were two chief priests. Ahimelech had escaped from Saul and went to David in 1 Samuel 22:20. Later, Zadok was the only priest in Jerusalem. For centuries afterwards, all the priests came from Zadok’s family.
Benaiah was a brave soldier (23:20-23). The men called Kerethites and Pelethites probably came from the *Philistine’s country. They were David’s loyal guards (15:13-18). David’s sons helped him to rule the country.
This list of officers ends this section of 2 Samuel.
Jonathan was the son of King Saul. David and Jonathan had been very good friends (1 Samuel 18:1-4). Jonathan knew that David would become the next king. So, Jonathan asked David always to show love for Jonathan’s family. In 1 Samuel 20:12-17 and 20:42, David made a special promise to Jonathan and to the *Lord. Then, after David became king, he remembered this promise.
Ziba had been a servant in Saul’s palace. We do not know how important Ziba was then. But he had become an important man since Saul had died. Ziba now had 20 servants of his own (verse 10). Ziba said to David, ‘I am your servant.’ Ziba did not mean that he was actually David’s servant. It was the custom for people to speak to a king this way. It showed honour to the king as the most important person. It also meant that the person was loyal to his king. Ziba knew all about Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan. Ziba probably knew that David and Jonathan had been friends. 2 Samuel 4:4 describes what happened to Mephibosheth. He had fallen and hurt his feet. Probably the bones broke and did not mend properly. He had to live with someone who could help him. Lo Debar was on the east side of the river Jordan.
Mephibosheth was 5 years old when Saul and Jonathan died. Now Mephibosheth had a young son (verse 12). David had taken many years to do what he promised to Jonathan. Maybe David had been too busy while he was fighting his enemies. But David wanted to *keep his promise.
Mephibosheth was probably afraid when he went to David. A king from a different family often killed all the family of the previous king. Mephibosheth lay on the floor to show David great honour. Mephibosheth could not walk so he did not have a normal life. Life is often very difficult for people with physical problems. A dead dog (verse 8) has no value or use. Mephibosheth was the grandson of a king. But he thought that he had no value. Mephibosheth could hardly believe that David would be so kind to him. David was kind because of Jonathan.
When David became king, he had probably gained all Saul’s land. But David returned it to Mephibosheth. Mephibosheth would not be able to farm it himself. Ziba had been Saul’s servant. David said that Ziba, his sons and his servants would all become Mephibosheth’s servants. Ziba obeyed David and served his new master. Then David gave Mephibosheth greater honour. In future, he would eat all his meals with David in his palace. The food from Meph
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listica, corrisponde l’intento di riferire ad essa tutti i campi del sapere. Dalla filosofia teoretica a quella pratica, dalla politica alla religione, tutti gli ambiti della conoscenza sono riconducibili alla natura umana e interpretabili sulla base di essa. Tutte le scienze fanno riferimento alla natura dell’uomo perché, essendo conoscenze umane, dipendono quindi dalle sue facoltà mentali. Per progredire nelle scienze è quindi necessario, prima di tutto, conoscere l’uomo. L’idea fondamentale che permette la conduzione di un simile studio è quella della costante uniformità della natura umana, attorno alla quale è possibile indagare con un metodo induttivo, che è il metodo proprio della scienza della natura. Anche per Hume, come per Locke, occorre chiedersi quali siano gli strumenti conoscitivi umani e quali possibilità abbiano. L’analisi non deve però limitarsi all’intelletto, poiché, per Hume, la conoscenza è soprattutto pratica e coinvolge
la totalità della natura umana, e non la sola componente razionale.come sistemi organizzati di idee semplici.
Come per Locke, anche per Hume l’unica fonte della conoscenza è l’esperienza, ma essa si presenta meno lineare di quanto Locke pensasse. Hume distingue tra impressioni e idee:
Impressioni: corrispondo ai fenomeni nel momento i cui sono percepiti;
Idee: sono il ricordo, indebolito, delle impressioni. Esse sono semplici, quando corrispondo immediatamente a un’impressione, o complesse, quando si presentano
Come per Locke, anche per Hume l’unica fonte della conoscenza è l’esperienza, ma essa si presenta meno lineare di quanto Locke pensasse. Hume distingue tra impressioni e idee:
Impressioni: corrispondo ai fenomeni nel momento i cui sono percepiti;
Idee: sono il ricordo, indebolito, delle impressioni. Esse sono semplici, quando corrispondo immediatamente a un’impressione, o complesse, quando si presentano
Tra impressioni e idee sussiste una notevole differenza di intensità: le prime, che corrispondo alla diretta esperienza di percezione dei fenomeni, sono molto più vivide delle seconde, che consistono nel ricordare o combinare tra loro le impressioni. Il pensiero, all’apparenza dotato di una grande libertà creativa, non può in realtà fare altro che imitare o rielaborare il materiale fornito dall’esperienza. L’origine delle idee dall’esperienza delimita il campo dell’indagine e ne definisce l’articolazione. Si tratterà di ricercare le modalità mediante le quali dalle idee semplici derivano idee complesse. L’intento di Hume è quello di ricondurre lo studio dell’uomo al metodo delle scienze naturali. Le idee devono essere considerate come oggetti, come dati da analizzare a prescindere dalla volontà o comunque dall’intervento di un soggetto. Le dinamiche relative devono essere individuate di per sé, in relazione alle idee stesse e non alle funzioni dell’intelletto. La memoria ripete l’impressione originaria, in forma attenuata, ma più vivida rispetto all’immaginazione, la quale d’altra parte può riorganizzare i dati e produrre nuove idee complesse, a differenza della memoria, la cui funzione è semplicemente riproduttiva. Le idee complesse derivano dunque dall’attività del soggetto, ma molte di esse risultano simili per tutti gli uomini. La spiegazione di questa regolarità è il problema di fondo con il quale Hume devi confrontarsi, e dalla cui soluzione scaturisce una prospettiva di analisi profondamente diversa da quella di Locke. Il legame che unisce le idee semplici in idee complesse, deve essere cercato nelle idee stesse: esiste una “dolce forza” che determina l’associazione delle idee. Da un lato Hume attribuisce l’associazione delle idee all’attività del soggetto, riferendola all’immaginazione come facoltà completamente libera. Dall’altro, però, ipotizza l’esistenza di una “dolce forza” tra le idee, che, senza imporre associazioni necessarie tra idee elementari, guida in un certa misura l’immaginazione verso certe connessioni più facili da stabilire. Viene quindi prospettata l’idea di un’associazione derivante dalle caratteristiche delle idee elementari più che dall’arbitrio dell’immaginazione. Non dipendendo dalla volontà del soggetto, le leggi in base alle quali le idee elementari si organizzano in quelle complesse sono universali, in quanto agiscono in modo regolare in dipendenza dalla natura e dalle caratteristiche delle idee stesse. L’associazione delle idee è determinata dalle seguenti leggi: somiglianza, contiguità nel tempo e nello spazio e relazione di causa-effetto. Le idee complesse sono dunque il risultato dell’associazione stabilita tra idee semplici. Ora, mentre le idee semplici hanno una corrispondenza con la realtà, derivando dalla percezione, le idee complesse sono costruzioni completamente indipendenti da essa. La regolarità delle idee complesse è spiegata dalla regolarità delle leggi che organizzano le idee semplici, e non dal riferimento a una realtà oggettiva dalla quale derivino. Intelletto e realtà individuano ambiti diversi, l’uno non è lo specchio dell’altra. Hume distingue tra relazioni di idee e materie di fatto.
Relazioni di idee: appartengono all’ambito della logica o della matematica, sono determinate sulla base delle operazioni del pensiero e sono necessarie;
Materie di fatto: sono contingenti, perché il contrario è sempre possibile, anche quando appaiono come particolarmente evidenti, come, ad esempio, nel cado dell’affermazione che il Sole domani sorgerà.
Le relazioni tra idee possono essere dimostrate con un ragionamento deduttivo, le materie di fatto rinviano all’induzione. Ed è appunto la validità dell’induzione ai fini di una conoscenza scientifica a essere messa in dubbio da Hume. Egli afferma la non dimostrabilità delle proposizioni d’esperienza, e quindi l’impossibilità di ricavare leggi, ossia proposizioni universali e necessarie, dai fatti. Sul piano dell’esperienza, cioè delle materie di fatto, è possibile soltanto accertare l’esistenza di un evento o la sua connessione con un altro, ma non dimostrarne la necessità, né quindi prevedere eventi futuri.
La possibilità della generalizzazione induttiva è ricondotta da Hume all’applicazione ai fatti del principio causale. Ma il principio causale è un presupposto della conoscenza, non un legame necessario tra i fatti. La critica al principio di causalità viene condotta da Hume con il noto esempio di una palla da biliardo in movimento che ne urta una seconda, la quale a sua volta si mette in moto. Solo l’esperienza ci induce a stabilire un nesso causale tra il movimento della prima e quello della seconda palla, mentre in realtà non è possibile alcune dimostrazione razionale della congiunzione causa-effetto. La connessione stabilita tra due proposizioni sulla base del nesso causale non è di tipo deduttivo. Il fatto descritto dalla prima proposizione non implica in alcun modo il secondo, che può semplicemente essere accertato mediante l’esperienza, e non dimostrato come necessario. Hume non contesta l’utilità pratica della fiducia nel nesso causale, ma sottolinea che esso è, appunto, di natura pratica, e non sorretto da alcuna giustificazione logica. Noi siamo abituati a prevedere il futuro sulla base delle esperienze passate e ci aspettiamo dagli eventi o dagli oggetti ciò che abbiamo sperimentato in precedenza. L’inferenza dalle esperienze passate alle attese per il futuro non ha un fondamento logico. Dire che è di tipo sperimentale non risolve il problema, perché dovremmo prima dimostrare la regolarità della natura, che è invece il presupposto dal quale muoviamo per operare la generalizzazione. Il fatto che il corso della natura sia stato fino a questo momento regolare e uniforme non fornisce alcuna garanzia che ne futuro continuerà a essere tale. Il postulato implicito per ritenerla valida è infatti, secondo Hume, la regolarità della natura. Se la si assume come presupposto dell’esperienza, non si può pretendere di dimostrarla mediante l’esperienza stessa. Per non cadere in un circolo vizioso, occorre individuare un fondamento di altro tipo.
*Associazionismo= L’associazionismo è la teoria secondo la quale le sensazioni si traducono in idee elementari, che si uniscono, indipendentemente dall’attività intenzionale del soggetto, per comporre idee complesse.*
Grande importanza assume nell’opera di Hume, il concetto di “abitudine” fondamento del metodo induttivo stesso. Se una persona in grado di ragionare ma priva di ogni esperienza osservasse la successione dei fatti, non potrebbe in alcun modo ricavarne un collegamento causale. Solo dopo aver osservato per molte volte che a un fatto ne segue sempre un altro, finirebbe per attendersi il secondo al verificarsi del primo. Ciò non dipende, però, da un legame logico tra i due eventi, ma dall’abitudine. Il nesso causale non ha nessuna giustificazione razionale, tuttavia è parte del pensiero. Non si può decidere se applicarlo o meno alle cose, esso stabilisce un legame necessario, non tra le cose, bensì tra le idee. Hume propone anche una soluzione del problema dell’induzione: perché riteniamo logico passare dall’osservazione di cento esperienze alla formulazione di una legge generale, mentre appare illogico giungere alla legge sulla base di una singola osservazione? Il rapporto inferenziale è della stessa natura, perché in entrambi i casi si parte dall’esperienza e si passa la generale, quindi il numero dei casi dovrebbe essere ininfluente. Esso è in realtà determinante, proprio in quanto la legittimità dell’inferenza è stabilita sulla base dell’abitudine e non di una connessione logica. Il fondamento del metodo induttivo, cioè della stessa scienza naturale, è per Hume l’abitudine, la cui portata e la cui importanza vanno molto al di là di quanto i filosofi abbiamo tradizionalmente riconosciuto. L’importanza dell’abitudine risiede nel fatto che da essa deriva la credenza. La credenza non è una decisione della volontà, ma un’associazione costante di idee. La credenza è ritenuta da Hume un istinto naturale, cioè un modo di funzionare della natura umana. Di ciò non è possibile dare una spiegazione ulteriore, poiché è possibile riferire un fatto a un altro precedente, ma la catena delle inferenze deve avere un termine, deve poggiare su fatti ritenuti veri senza ulteriori spiegazioni, cioè su credenze. Non si tratta quindi di spiegare la verità o meno dei fatti creduti veri, ma la natura della credenza in tali fatti. La credenza congiunge alcuni fatti in modo arbitrario, come fa l’immaginazione, cioè senza che per il collegamento tra i fatti sussista alcuna necessità oggettiva. Però, mentre siamo consapevoli che le costruzioni dell’immaginazione dipendono da noi, siamo portati a ritenere vere, in base a un vero e proprio sentimento che scaturisce dalla costanza dei nessi, le associazioni della credenza.
Ridotta la causalità a un’associazione di idee che in seguito all’abitudine consolidano una credenza priva di fondamento oggettivo, Hume procede in modo simile per le altre idee, come quelle di Dio, io, mondo esterno, spazio e tempo, le quali si basano su idee riconducibili all’esperienza, che si associano in insiemi complessi ai quali l’uomo attribuisce consistenza oggettiva. Hume muove da due punti a suo parere certi:
- non è possibile dare una dimostrazione filosofica dell’esistenza del mondo;
- non è possibile dubitare di questa esistenza, soprattutto perché è il fondamento di ogni conoscenza e di ogni comportamento.
Il problema non è dunque quello di spiegare l’esistenza del mondo, ma la nostra credenza in esso. L’analisi è immediatamente sottratta a qualsiasi prospettiva metafisica, concernente il mondo in sé, e ricondotta alla natura umana e al suo modo di conoscere. I meccanismi che spiegano la credenza in un mondo esterno sono:
- la costanza di certe impressioni;
- la coerenza delle impressioni con l’esperienza passata.
La costanza ovviamente si riferisce al fatto che certe impressioni si ripetono nel tempo, mentre più complessa è l’analisi del secondo meccanismo. L’esperienza è data da percezioni non collegate tra loro e dunque non potremmo concluderne l’esistenza continuativa del mondo e degli oggetti che lo compongono. Sula base della memoria e di una serie di assunzioni derivanti dall’esperienza passata, tendiamo allora a connettere percezioni separate, in modo da dare continuità al mondo.
Es. Hume immagina di essere seduto nella propria camera quando avverte il rumore della porta che si apre ed entra il cameriere, portandogli la lettere di un amico lontano. Quali sono le impressioni realmente provate? Il rumore della porta, quello dei passi, la percezione della lettera, la lettura del contenuto. Questi elementi diventano significativi solo se inseriti in un contesto non percepito ma presupposto: l’edificio di cui è parte la camera, il battello che ha portato la lettera, il Paese da cui mi ha scritto l’amico ecc. Tutti questi elementi non fanno parte della mia esperienza attuale, ma devo presupporli per renderla coerente. In questo modo mi costruisco, conclude Hume, un’immagine coerente del mondo.
L’esistenza di oggetti esterni e la loro continuità è stabilita dall’intelletto per assicurare la coerenza dell’esperienza attuale rispetto a quella passata. L’individuo si forma, attraverso la ripetizione e l’abitudine, e l’intelletto tende automaticamente, senza l’intervento della coscienza o della volontà, a inserire ogni nuova esperienza nell’immagine complessiva del mondo. Se vediamo periodicamente una determinata persona, le impressioni che ne riceviamo cambiano nel tempo. Tendiamo però a considerarle stabili, riferendole a una realtà sussistente di per sé, sostituendo alla semplice somiglianza tra le varie impressioni l’identità dell’oggetto cui le impressioni stesse sono riferite. In questo modo ha origine anche la nozione di sostanza. La sostanza, relativamente sia agli oggetti esterni sia allo stesso io, è una costruzione dell’intelletto e non un fondamento reale dei fenomeni. Hume critica con argomentazioni dello stesso tipo la nozione di uno spazio e di un tempo assoluti, ipotizzati per esempio da Newton, in quanto dovrebbe asserirsi l’esistenza di qualcosa da cui non riceviamo sensazioni, dato che i fenomeni sono sempre e necessariamente percepiti in uno spazio e in un tempo determinati. Il dubbio scettico non riguarda soltanto gli oggetti della conoscenza, ma lo stesso soggetto che conosce. Infatti l’identità personale, cioè l’io, non ha alcun fondamento, non è un oggetto dell’esperienza. Ciò che percepiamo, in ogni momento, che chiamiamo “io”, è soltanto un “fascio di percezioni” e di idee, ma non una sostanza. L’io non è una sostanza e nemmeno un insieme stabile di fenomeni, dato che le percezioni che lo compongono variano continuamente. Esiste una credenza nell’identità personale stessa, ed è questo fatto che deve essere spiegato. Hume lo riconduce alla necessità che avvertiamo quasi a livello istintuale di rendere coerente l’esperienza. Gli oggetti cambiano continuamente, ma l’uomo ha l’esigenza di rappresentarsi il cambiamento riferendolo a qualcosa che conserva l’identità con se stesso, cioè tende a vedere gli oggetti della conoscenza, che altro non sono che percezioni che cambiano giorno dopo giorno, come qualcosa di continuativo. Nelle percezioni non c’è però nulla del genere. La continuità viene stabilita, allora, tra le idee corrispondenti a tali percezioni, unificandole nella memoria. In altri termini, la continuità che non troviamo nel mondo, la affermiamo in noi, rappresentandoci l’io come continuità e identità delle percezioni. L’esigenza è, ancora una volta, di natura pratica e non teorica: abbiamo bisogno di un mondo prevedibile e stabili per poter agire in esso.
Secondo Hume, non esiste una corrispondenza tra le idee e i fatti che possa far parlare di “verità” nella conoscenza. La sua posizione è quindi, in ambito gnoseologico, scettica. L’ipotesi dalla quale Hume muove è “che tutti i nostri ragionamenti riguardo alle cause e agli effetti derivano dall’abitudine, e che la credenza è propriamente più un atto sensitivo che un atto cognitivo della nostra natura”. Hume prende in esame i diversi ambiti e oggetti della conoscenza, dalla sensazione all’esistenza di una realtà esterna e all’immaterialità dell’anima, sottoponendoli a critica e sottolineandone l’indimostrabilità sul piano teoretico. Nonostante queste premesse, Hume condanna lo scetticismo radicale. Se, infatti, non è possibile dimostrare la verità della conoscenza, essa appare comunque come certa, e viene impiegata nella vita quotidiana così come nella ricerca scientifica. La conoscenza umana ha dei limiti ben definiti. Lo scetticismo moderato si propone appunto di tracciare questi limiti e definire, al loro interno, un metodo per la costruzione del sapere. La discriminante fra i due ambiti è costituita dall’esperienza: ciò di cui non si può avere esperienza non può essere oggetto di scienza. Il limite delle
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, I shall not stay here anymore”….and like that."
The nostalgia for the lost home and a sense of rootlessness of the migrated Muslims has nicely been reflected in Dibyendu Palit’s short story “Alamer Nijer Bari”(Alam’s Own House). Alam was born and brought up in Kolkata. After partition, Alam’s family moved to Dacca after exchanging their house at Park Circus with that of a Hindu Bengali family from Dacca. Three years later, he came to Kolkata to attend a seminar. On his way to Kolkata, one of his associates asked Alam, “Kolkata is familiar to you, isn’t it? Alam replied, “It is the land of my birth.” With these words, he could submerge himself in his own identity as it were. Was the land of one’s birth also one’s native land? This question often made him feel homeless. “Shikar” (The Root), another short story written by Prafulla Roy may be mentioned in this connection. The story demonstrates the strength of man’s bond with his ancestral home. Rajmohan came to West Bengal within a month of partition. He exchanged his ancestral house in Dacca with that of Abdul Karim at Park Circus in Kolkata. One morning, the old gentleman, Rajmohan becomes extremely nostalgic about his ancestral home in Dacca. He feels that even after forty years of stay at Park Circus his primary root is still in his ancestral residence of Dacca. However, a secondary root of his existence is gradually being developing in his Park Circus residence. That afternoon, quite unexpectedly, Abdul Karim, the man with whom he had exchanged his property, came to meet him along with his granddaughter and grandson. His main intension was to revisit his ancestral house where they had lived for generations. It is that house, where his roots rested. He asked Rajmohan to revisit his house too as early as possible: ‘If you are late, you might not see your ancestral house’. Rajmohan was also eager to step into his ancestral house at least once again before his death. The attraction of the roots brought the two old men closer to each other breaking down the barrier of community identity and national border.
The number of Muslims migrated from West Bengal to East Bengal was not numerically much significant as compared to the migration of the Hindus from East Bengal. However, the actual significance of this population movement lies in the social, economic, political and cultural arenas. Most of these migrants belonged to the educated middle class professionals and some of them were prominent personalities in undivided Bengal. Their departure left a vacuum in the socio-cultural life of Bengali Muslims who stayed on in West Bengal. ‘Most of those who remained were the week and poor who had no assets, no connections and little by way of skill to deploy in a new life across the border.’ Few exceptions were obviously there. Many people willingly chose to stay on in West Bengal because neither they had any connection with the politics of Muslim League nor they had any sympathy towards the demand for Pakistan. Some had connections with the Congress; others had connections with the Communist Party and most of them had no connection with politics as such. In the crucial election of 1946, Abul Hasim contested from Burdwan constituency. The other two candidates were the District Congress Secretary, Abdus Sattar and Noor Newaz who represented the Radical Democratic Party of M.N.Roy. Though Abul Hasim secured a clear victory with a big margin, it is wrong to believe that all the Muslims of his constituency supported the political programme of Muslim League. Even being the secretary of the Bengal Provincial Muslim League, Hasim had a left leaning and he had a different stance of his own. Congress had a very good hold at Burdwan. Moreover, Communist Party steadily expanded its support base among the Muslims of Burdwan. Two of his nephews, Syed Shahidullah and Mansur Habibullah, were important Communist leaders in Bengal by the early 1940s. It is interesting that a good number of the early stalwarts of the Communist Party came from the Muslim community. Therefore, those who decided to stick to their ancestral land had their own logic. Even those who actively campaigned for Pakistan did not feel comfortable to leave their ancestral land. Their position was equally awkward like that of the Hindus of East Bengal who rallied behind the demand for partition propagated by the Congress and the Hindu Mahashabha. After the publication of the Radcliffe Award, they realised what damage they had done to themselves. Hasan Azizul Huq who migrated from Jabgram village of Bardhaman in West Bengal to Rajshihi, East Pakistan and permanently settled there along with his parents recalls that none of his uncles and cousins came to East Pakistan. ‘…some of them were part of the struggle for Pakistan … but it never entered their heads that they might leave their homes to live in Pakistan.’ In Abu Rushd’s novel Nongor (Anchor), Kamal did not find a single supporter even among his own family members. His brother Rahim found no reason to leave for Pakistan. Thus, he had to migrate alone.
Internal Displacement of the Muslims of West Bengal
It is interesting that after Partition the settlement pattern of the Muslim communities changed largely. The Muslim families were increasingly forced to settle in small exclusive pockets in the state. During and after the Kolkata Riot, the horrified Muslim families of Kolkata shifted themselves to safer zones, preferably to those places where Muslims formed the majority. They largely flocked to Park Circus, Rajabazar and other Muslim dominated areas of the city . After Independence, deliberate attempts were made to wipe out the Muslims from the city. Instigation primarily came from the Barabazar based Hindu business community. The obvious motives were to capture the shops and business establishments run by the Muslims. Some other opportunists like the Hindu bustee owners used the situation too. They wanted to evict the Muslim bustee dwellers and to allot them to Hindu tenants at a much higher rent. The rioters attacked the Muslim bustees very selectively. Muslims were evicted from the bustees of Miyabagan at Beleghata, Motijhil at Entally, Nikashipara at Shyamazar, Shahebbagan at Rajabajzar and several other bustees of the city. It led to the progressive ghattoization of the Muslims of Kolkata. It changed the urban morphology (the settlement pattern) of the city. The Muslims of city began to live a ghettoized life. However, the ghettoization of the Muslims of the city was not solely due to partition. The majority Hindu community had definitely a determining role in it. Since long before partition, they did not let the Muslims to live in their neighbourhood due to the fear of pollution. It was always difficult for the Muslims to manage a rented house or to purchase a house in the so-called Hindu paras in Kolkata as well as other parts of the state. The situation remains unchanged until today. The partition made the gap between the two communities quite unbridgeable. The partition riots created a barrier of deep distrust between the two. Neither community allows the other to share its space. Thus, both the communities prefer to reside in their own neighbourhoods. This tendency is more prominent among the Muslims as they belong to the minority community. Almost everywhere in the world, the minorities prefer to live in their own neighbourhood.
The horrible experience of the Kolkata Riot pushed a section of the Muslims out of Kolkata and some of them migrated to the countryside, which was comparatively free from communal tension. Hasan Azizul Huq recalls, ‘after 1947 the Muslims of that area (his ancestral village Jabgram, Burdwan) did not experience any real trouble’. In an Assembly debate regarding the security of the Muslims in West Bengal, Pramatha Nath Bandopadhay said that unlike the cities, where the mutual trust had been lost, there was no dearth of solidarity between the Hindus and Muslims in countryside. Because of that, a section of the urban-based Muslims who had some ties with the countryside migrated there for safety. In 1950, after the attack on their house at Burdwan town, Abul Hashem temporally shifted his family to his ancestral village, Kashemnagar. It was a common survival strategy of the Muslims of West Bengal at that turbulent period.
Muslims of West Bengal in Search for Security, Identity and Equity
The Muslims of West Bengal had to face some crucial problems during the post-Independence period. These were primarily to secure their life and property, to fix up the issues relating their identity and to establish themselves on the soil of West Bengal on equal terms with the majority community.
Though the Indian state adopted a secular constitution, it is very interesting that in the Indian Constitution the status of the minorities was kept undefined. India is committed to secularism, which means it must allow all religions in all spheres of life and it must protect the minorities. However, the history of minority rights discourse in post-Partition India shows how our nationalist leadership was inspired by a vision of a homogenised cultural nationalism. By that time, the ‘unclean’ partition had cast its shadow over all constitutional thinking on the ‘minority question’. The minorities, chiefly meaning Muslims—formed a ghetto. Their loyalty was suspect. The nation had to strike a bargain with them. Minority protection was a deal. Secularism was the political face of that deal. The nation was thus forever a half-nation, destined to remain an entity perched precariously on an uncertain concept of secularism that would allow pogrom, army brutalities, and strategic isolation of communities on the margins (of the “core”) of the nation. Secularism would mean, in short, building a nationalist core and ‘protecting’ the minorities consequent to that. If secularism began as a moral politics, it soon became a strategy. Thus, the post-Partition Indian State, though committed to the cause of secularism, was not sincere enough to the cause of minority protection. The recurrent attacks on the minorities and the failure of the Government to protect the lives and properties of the minorities clearly indicate so. Anwar Pasha in his novel Neer Sandhanee has portrayed the post-Partition experience of the Muslims of West Bengal. Hasan a Bengali Muslim student migrated to East Bengal just after Partition. After a brief stay there, he came back to West Bengal. He was neither enthusiastic about Pakistan nor prepared to accept Pakistan as his homeland. He rather preferred to stay back in India as India has declared herself as a secular country. Moreover, his conscience did not permit him to leave behind fellow Muslims in an uncertain and helpless condition. His friends failed to convince him that it would not be possible for Muslims to live with the Hindus in India. Mutual mistrust and hatred between the two communities mounted day by day. Even students were not free from communal prejudices of the time. Some Hindu students even refused to share the dormitory with the Muslim students. When a large number of Muslims from West Bengal were migrating to East Pakistan, Hasan was not thinking so. He preferred to stay in India as India was committed to secularism. However, a large number of Muslims who stayed on in West Bengal were not fully convinced with the so-called ideals of secularism. In practice, it was violated very frequently. Thus, Qadir and Malik in the novel opposed Hasan vehemently in the question of secular nature of Indian State. Malik called it Dar-ul-Harb (Land of Enemy), because harassed by a policeman for weaving bears, he had to save it. In spite of severe opposition from the fellow Muslims, people like Hasan, though tiny in number, wanted to stay on in secular India. It is ironical that at the end of the novel Hasan was arrested on charge of not withstanding the liberal attitude of the Indian people.
The Question of Security of Life and Property of the Muslims
The declared official policy of the Indian government in West Bengal was aimed at not evacuating the minorities, as had been done in Punjab, but negotiating with the Pakistani authorities for creating conditions of security, so that a mass exodus could be averted. A number of initiatives were taken to this end. An inter-dominion conference was held at Kolkata in April 1948 where the rehabilitation ministers of the two states made a joint declaration ‘that they are determined to take every possible step to discourage such exodus and to create such conditions as would check mass exodus in either direction’. Another inter-dominion conference met at Delhi in December 1948 to follow up on these measures. Later Nehru-Liaquat Pact was signed on 8 April 1950. These initiatives failed to check the movement of the refugees from East Pakistan to West Bengal. However, some Muslims who had previously migrated to East Bengal returned to West Bengal. Some of them found their ancestral home occupied by Hindu refugees. Muslim property was seized and occupied in many areas to accommodate the refugees from East Pakistan. The refugees even encroached on the graveyards of the Muslims for settlements. Particularly in the areas around the city of Kolkata, many refugee settlements were established on land “formerly inhabited by Muslim labourers and artisans” who were “replaced by displaced Hindus from East Pakistan”. Many Muslims were dispossessed of their homes in the city leading to their “ghettoization” in a few neighbourhoods. They became refugees in their own land. Thus, “it could be argued that East Bengali refugee settlement across West Bengal affected the minority Muslim community most adversely… The need of the refugees’ for new homes pitted them against local West Bengalis, but the widespread dispossession of West Bengali Muslims must be seen as a manifestation of East Bengali refugee communalism driven by as much revenge, as a racist consciousness that marginalized or erased Muslim presence in the new refugee homeland of West Bengal.” The left opposition members in the Legislative Assembly demanded special provisions for the Muslim evacuees in the Eviction Bill (which after subsequent modification became Act XVI of 1951).
The interests of the Muslims could have been safeguarded, at least to some extent, if the West Bengal government had been more sincere about it. Initially the West Bengal government was so confused about rehabilitating the refugees from East Bengal that an influential section thought about evicting the Muslims from the bordering districts of West Bengal to accommodate the Hindu refugees from East Bengal. Annadasankar Roy, then the District Magistrate of Murshidabad has narrated his experience as well as the secret agenda of the West Bengal Government towards the Muslims of the state in his “Binur Diary”:
"One day Binu got a call from the Chief Minister to meet him. After getting down at Sealdah station Binu bought a newspaper and saw that West Bengal was not going to evict the Muslims. All were rumours. Binu reached the secretariat and he was taken to the chamber of the Chief Minister. The commissioner was present there. In the closed-door chamber, the Chief Minister instructed him to push out the Muslims beyond the border within a stipulated time. Binu was astonished. The other District Magistrate requested to extend the time a little. That was sanctioned… Binu got out of the chamber and said to his colleague, ‘Bloodshed in unavoidable. I need written order. You go inside and ask for written order.’ When he asked for written order, the Home Secretary said, ‘No written order will be provided. Oral order is enough.’
…the Home Minister came to the bank of the Padma with Commissioner. A lunch was arranged in their honour on the Government touring launch. The minister was accompanied by a group of his political colleagues…
After the lunch, the minister and the commissioner went for rest. Binu started chatting with the political workers. One of them, sitting beside, said others: ‘A telephone call from Delhi has been received. Now he is not in the country. Do whatever you have to do.’
Binu understood that Jawaharlal was abroad. They had to do what they had thought out before his arrival. The minister came to convince Binu to carry out their plan.
A request came from the minister’s cabin wishing to meet Binu. Stepping into the cabin Binu saw the commissioner present there. That was a tri-party secret meeting.
The meeting started with an introduction praising Binu as an efficient officer… the minister informed Binu that a war with Pakistan was fast approaching. If the Indian army acquired Rajshahi Binu would definitely be the District Magistrate of Rajshahi.
Binu laughed inwardly! He had been the District Magistrate of Rajshahi eleven years back. Recently one of his junior officers had been promoted to the post of secretary bypassing him.
The minister continued, “It is necessary to expel the suspected community before the war. Who can trust the Muslim community of the border region? They are secretly maintaining a tie with the Muslims of Rajshahi. They are quasi-Pakistani. Can you drive them out immediately?”
“I would not do it, rather I would resign.” Binu disagreed, “it could not be done without bloodshed.”
“Let it be so… no problem.”… “Look, thousands of people are coming from the other side due of government repression. How could we rehabilitate them? What should be our policy? Tell me.”
“Rehabilitate them wherever you like. But not on the border. There is not a single piece of vacant land here.” Binu replied.
“Who told you to formulate policy? We will formulate policy. If it is our policy to drive the Muslims of the border out, could you carry it out?” The minister asked.
Binu moved his head, “I can fight if needed but I cannot do such assignment.”
… Two days later, the local MLA informed Binu, “Another I.C.S is coming in your place.”
A large number of Muslims never thought of migrating to Pakistan. Some of them even considered the Muslim League’s demand for Pakistan grossly unreasonable. Morshed Ali in Shawkat Ali’s novel Warish was one of them. He admired the plurality of Indian society based on unity in diversity. Naturally, he was not in favour of migrating to Pakistan. One day he found that his newly built house was occupied by a group of refugees from East Bengal. He apprehended a conspiracy to uproot him from his soil. However, he remained unmoved and thought that the communal tension was over. He was wrong to read the situation. The situation continued to worsen. Morshed and members of his family were humiliated. Forced by the circumstances, Morshed decided to migrate to Pakistan against his conviction.
The Congress led West Bengal Government failed to protect the Muslims during the riot of 1964. During the Indo-Pak War in 1965, the Muslims were in general looked down upon with great suspicion. A large number of the Muslims of West Bengal were arrested and humiliated without proper grounds. They were suspected as spies of Pakistan. On the other hand, the Congress, the party in power, tried its best to mobilize the Muslim vote in its favour by bringing the prominent Muslim leaders to its fold. This strategy worked well up to 1962. The 1967 election was a great blow to the Congress in West Bengal as well as other parts of the country. Congress lost eight states after the General Election of 1967. One of the obvious reasons was the erosion in Muslim vote bank. The year 1967 is a turning point to the Muslims of West Bengal too. They gradually came out of the fear syndrome and begun to concentrate on economic development.
The identity crisis of the Muslims
The partition made the identity of the Muslims of West Bengal (as well as Muslims of whole India) very problematic. What should be their status in the newly created nation state, which had been formed on the basis of religious identity? The identity crisis of the Muslims was not altogether a product of the partition. However, the partition added a new dimension to it. There had been an age-old dichotomy between the Muslim identity and the Bengali identity. The identity of the Muslims of Bengal
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at 3 ml min-1. After the fluorescence intensity reached saturation, perfusion was switched back to the buffer. The rates were calculated by taking the maximum fluorescence intensity as 100% and determining the time that it takes to reach 85% or 15% fluorescence, i.e. the linear uptake or efflux phases, respectively. The addition and removal rates are the mean of two experiments.
For analysis of Golgi movement, Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings expressing YFP:SYP32 were grown for 6 days on FN medium and root tips were imaged on a spinning-disk confocal microscope as described by Takanaga et al. (2008). Plants were mounted and treated as for imaging experiments. Images were acquired every 4 sec for 2 min before adding 100 μm CCCP and for 8 min thereafter. Image processing was performed using Metamorph (Molecular Devices, http://www.moleculardevices.com) and ImageJ software (W. Rasband, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Two images (20 sec apart) were merged after false coloring in red for the first frame and green for the second. YFP:SYP32 wave lines were a generous gift from Niko Geldner and Joanne Chory. More information about these lines can be found at http://www.unil.ch/dbmv/page49637_en.html. The expression of the nanosensors expressed under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter was analyzed by collecting an image series for root tips expressing either FLIPglu-600μΔ13 or FLIPsuc-90μΔ1 as z-stacks using a Leica confocal SP5 microscope equipped with an argon laser (514 nm excitation for YFP) and a 442 diode laser (442 nm excitation for CFP). The emission signal was captured from 525-560 nm for YFP and 460-500 nm for CFP. The pinhole was adjusted to an airy disk size of 0.5, and images were captured at 1.5 μm intervals.
FLIPglu-2μΔ13 and FLIPglu-600μΔ13 were expressed in E. coli (BL21 DE3 gold) and grown for 3 days at room temperature. Protein was isolated as described previously (Deuschle et al., 2005). Substrate titration curves and substrate specificity analysis were performed using a monochromator microplate reader (Safire; excitation 433/12 nm; emission 485/12 and 528/12 nm; gain 80, http://www.tecan.com). In vitro analyses at various pH were performed in MES/Tris buffer; pH was adjusted by mixing 40 mm MES and 40 mm Tris buffers. Proteins were titrated using various glucose concentrations in each of the pH buffers. FRET was approximated as the peak emission intensity ratio at 480 nm (first eCFP peak) and 528 nm (eYFP peak). Measurements were performed on two independent protein extracts.
High-resolution genome-wide expression data at the level of each cell type at all developmental stages in the Arabidopsis root are not available, due to the technical limitations regarding the amount of material required for microarray measurements. However, using the large microarray dataset profiling 19 semi-overlapping marker lines and 13 developmental sections published recently (Brady et al., 2007), a reasonable approximation can be made. Expression of a given gene within a particular tissue or cell type and section was approximated as the mean expression from all marker lines covering that tissue in that section, and scaling that mean by a factor equal to the expression of that gene in that developmental section relative to its mean expression over all longitudinal sections. Thus, expression of gene g within tissue t in developmental section s, denoted Gts, can be approximated as:
where Mg is the expression of gene g in marker line m, Cmts is a 1/0 indicator variable depending on whether marker m covers tissue t in section s, Sg is the expression of gene g in section s, and Ag is the mean expression of gene g over all sections. Expression within a region that is not covered by any marker line (e.g. trichoblasts in meristematic zone sections) is reported as 0. Table S2 and Figure S6 show the marker line × developmental section, marker line × cell type and developmental section × cell type matrices that were used to approximate expression.
Approximating cell type-/developmental stage-specific resolution by this method has some restrictions, such as treating expression within a marker line as constant throughout all developmental stages, the inability to approximate expression in areas not covered by any marker line, and the inability to guarantee that the approximated data exactly reproduce the observed measurements. Methods that are not subject to such restrictions would be very useful for more detailed studies, but, for the purposes of identifying candidate genes, our simplistic approximation is sufficient. The scale was set to a maximum of 5; thus some of the transporters are more highly expressed than shown here (see Table S2 for detailed quantification).
Figure S1. Comparison of FRET sensor responses in various regions of the root tip.
Movie S1. Cellular expression of the sucrose nanosensor in root tips of Arabidopsis.
Figure S2. Glucose and sucrose response curves in the absence and presence of various inhibitors.
Figure S3. Effect of CCCP on Golgi movement.
Figure S4. [14C]-glucose uptake into intact seedlings.
Figure S5. Insensitivity of responses to tetraethylammonium.
Figure S6. Marker line coverage.
Table S1 Expression levels for the transporter genes as shown in Figure 9.
Table S2 Marker line coverage.
Appendix S1. Radioactive glucose uptake in intact seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana.
We are very grateful to Nakako Shibagaki (Carnegie Institution for Science) for testing the efficacy of the protonophores in yeast uptake experiments, Victor Kirik for help with the Golgi movement experiments, and Guillaume Pilot (Carnegie Institute for Science, Stanford, CA) for help with radioactive glucose uptake in intact seedlings. This work was made possible by a grant from the Department of Energy to W.B.F. (DE-FG02-04ER15542) and grants from the National Science Foundation Arabidopsis 2010 program to P.N.B.<|endoftext|>International Development Program Concentration
Sample Learning Outcomes
- Define and understand central concepts of international development, including measurement of development, actors, theoretical approaches, and the history and trajectory of the field.
- Gain a greater ability to apply knowledge and analysis to specific development contexts and cases in order to evaluate the strengths and limitations of theoretical approaches, programs, and projects.
- Evaluate the merits of different approaches to international development on the basis of values at stake, including ethical, political, social, environmental, and economic ramifications.
- Have a working understanding of the causes and implications of a range of global environmental challenges and of different forms of response.
- Analyze the main problems related to diseases and health in international relations and development policy, as well as international efforts to control the spread of disease.
Careers in International Development
- Development and disaster relief
- Infrastructure building
- Trade and economic policy
- Human rights and humanitarian aid<|endoftext|>Odysseus is a combination of the self-made, self-assured man and the embodiment of the standards and mores of his culture. He is favored by the gods and respected and admired by the mortals. Even the wrath of Poseidon does not keep him from his homecoming. He is confident that he represents virtue even when a modern audience might not be so sure. He is also a living series of contradictions, a much more complicated character than we would expect to find in the stereotypical epic hero. We can contrast Odysseus, for example, with the great warrior Achilles in The Iliad.
Achilles himself is not a two-dimensional stereotype. He has a tragic flaw, which can best be identified as hubris (an overbearing arrogance or misguided pride) as one of several distinguishing traits. But Achilles is a simpler character. According to the myth the Homeric Greeks would have known, Achilles was given a choice by the gods to live a short, glorious life full of excitement and heroism or a long, tranquil life with little recognition or fame. Achilles, of course, chose the glorious life; therefore, he achieves a kind of immortality through valor and intense, honest devotion to a cause.
Odysseus, in The Odyssey, is much more complicated. He lives by his wiles as well as his courage. He is an intellectual. Often he openly evaluates a situation, demonstrating the logic he employs in making his choices. When it proves effective, Odysseus lies (even to his own family), cheats, or steals in ways that we would not expect in an epic hero. Although he is self-disciplined (refusing to eat the lotus), his curiosity is sometimes the root of his trouble (as with the Cyclops).
He is willing to pay a price for knowledge; for example, he insists on hearing the Sirens' call, even though to do so, he must have himself excruciatingly strapped to the mast of his ship so that he cannot give in to the temptation. Odysseus can be merciful, as when he spares the bard Phemius, or brutal, as he seems when dealing with the dozen disloyal maidservants. He creates his own code of conduct through his adventures. He is deeper than Achilles, more contemplative, but still capable of explosive violence; he is almost certainly more interesting. It is easy to see why some critics like to call him the first "modern man."
Victory motivates Odysseus. He wants to return home and live well in Ithaca; as a result, every step along the way is another test, sometimes, another battle. His concern with victory is also cultural, as well as practical. In Homer's world, where there are no police or justice systems, might usually makes right. The strong prevail. Odysseus often has only two choices: death or victory. Even when Athena intervenes on his behalf, she often leaves ultimate success or failure up to Odysseus. During the battle with the suitors, for example, she could easily and quickly prevail; but she makes Odysseus earn the victory.
Appropriately, Odysseus' development as a character is complicated. He is, in every way, "the man of twists and turns" (1.1). While he does seem to grow throughout his wanderings, the reader should not look at each event as a one more learning experience for the hero. The Odyssey is not a lesson plan for growth; the episodes are not didactic examples of the importance of prudence or anything else.
When Odysseus left for Troy, he had already established his reputation as a hero. His participation in the war was crucial to the Greeks' victory. It was he who disguised himself as an old beggar and infiltrated the enemy. As Menelaus tells Telemachus in Book 4, it was Odysseus' legendary ruse of the Trojan horse that led to the defeat of Troy.
Certainly Odysseus does grow in wisdom and judgment throughout his ventures. His self-control while dealing with the suitors' insults is exemplary and contrasts, for example, with his earlier irresistible urge to announce his name to the Cyclops in Book 9. In other ways, however, he seems slow to learn. The most notable example being his difficulty in controlling his men. After the victory over the Cicones, Odysseus wisely wants to take the plunder and depart quickly (9.50). His men prefer to stay, leading to a defeat at the hands of reinforcements. When Aeolus grants the Greeks fair winds to Ithaca, Odysseus falls asleep within sight of home, enabling his suspicious, undisciplined crew to open the bag of ill winds and let loose a tempest that blows them off course. Again, on the island of the Sungod Helios, Odysseus' men disobey strict orders and feast on the sacred cattle when he goes inland to pray and falls asleep. The struggles Odysseus faces make his growth as a character more realistic and more credible because it is not simple or absolute.<|endoftext|>Such an emotionally thought-provoking city, site of the first atomic bomb detonation August 6, 1945 at 8:15 A.M. dropped from the Enola Gay. In seventy years tremendous development has replaced the rubble. Near the center of the impact there is a peace park, monuments, and museum to honor the those taken at that time or years later when cancer took their lives. About 6,300 innocent children, who were helping clear damaged buildings to make a fire lane, perished. It is estimated about 140,000 people died by the end of 1945. Buildings within a 2 km radius were destroyed. Often deaths were confirmed simply from personal effects as so many bodies were never found to be returned to their families.
The a-bomb exploded about 600 meters above and 160 meters southeast of Hiroshima Prefectual Industrial Promotion Hall. It ripped through and ignited the building, killing everyone inside. Due to the explosion being almost directly overhead some of the center walls remained standing. It is now known as the A-bomb Dome.
The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum exhibits brutal truths about the effects of the bomb.
The peace flame within Peace Park symbolizes the hope for a world free from nuclear weapons and will remain lit until all such weapons are banished from Earth. The flame was first lit in 1964 by representatives from thirty-five temples, shrines, and churches in Japan as well as those from Japanese industries and religions. Ten thousand observers prayed silently.
At the Children’s Peace Monument are thousands of paper cranes in memory of Sadako Sasaki and thousands of other children who lost their lives due to the bomb, either immediately or years later. The monument includes a golden metal crane bell people ring to honor them.
The multi-storied Hiroshima Castle was established in 1589. About three hundred years later the dissolution of the feudal system gave way to prefectures. Gradually, the Castle became more of a military facility. In 1945 the atomic bomb demolished the castle, and reconstruction occurred in 1958. It is now housing historic artifacts.
Despite the sad overture accompanied by drizzle, the height of the cherry blossom season created a more cheerful atmosphere.
A young couple we had met on a train in Kyoto recommended a restaurant near the Peace Park where the only food on the menu is an okonomiyaki (how you want it). There were numerous variations available. We chose to sit at the counter in order to watch the process in creating these delicious monstrosities. First batter is poured on the grill and spread out using the ladle. A batch of noodles are then grilled. Enormous layers of shredded cabbage and bean sprouts are added along with, in our case, bacon, fried egg, tempura scraps, scallions, etc. which are smooshed down as they cook. At the end the top is brushed with a special sauce. As we were seated at the counter right by the grill they set our finished creations at our end of it to keep them warm. Using a metal spatula we served ourselves. It was surprisingly good and way too much for me to eat, though I did, regrettably so. The next day my stomach did not feel well and would seize from time to time. Being a Sunday we had trouble finding a pharmacy that was open. We had to go to the train station to reserve seats for the next leg of the journey and had to wait there for a half hour until one opened and I could get some medicine. I was sold a box of packets of powder to dilute in water before eating three times a day. Gosh, that was fast acting! I took it for two days and then seemed to be okay. As much as I enjoyed eating okonomiyaki, the thought of having another one wasn’t appealing even two weeks later!
Less than an hour away is Miyajima, a small island famous for its giant vermillion tori gate. Due to a tummy issue we didn’t get there until mid-day during low tide. Thus, we missed the effect of the tori and shrine floating on water. Tourists and deer were everywhere. Being low tide many locals were mucking about digging for what we think were oysters. Deer stole food if given the least possibility and even picked pockets to eat whatever paper goody was packed away. I hope no one lost their Japan Rail Passes or money to the vermin. While perching on a rock wall with a plastic bag of rolls for a snack, two deer nosed their way in, one with a bloody horn stub, and took the last two rolls. In exchange, I was given a large bloody spot on my jacket sleeve. Not equitable! On the opposite end of the spectrum, humans left their personal items on benches while well away oyster digging. No thieves of any kind paid any attention! Amazing. I know some cultures who could do with following this model. Bill even saw a very young boy toss a bit of trash towards a bag, and when he missed he went to pick it up and put it in the bag without anyone telling him to do so. In fact, no adult was even nearby.<|endoftext|>Mariuccia Ciotta
Prospettiva rinascimentale, lo spazio si perde in fondo alla stanza, campo lungo, messa a fuoco di una molteplicità di figure... non solo il direttore del Washington Post Ben Bradlee (Tom Hanks) emerge nella luce grigio-azzurra, ma i fantasmi della New Hollywood richiamati da Steven Spielberg per un episodio storico che sta al Watergate come Dunkirk allo sbarco in Normandia.
Fatti oscurati dai grandi avvenimenti, ma che risulteranno determinanti. I Pentagon Papers, 1971. Eppure il regista di Sugarland Express non si perde nella nostalgia di quelle redazioni fumose con il ticchettio delle macchine da scrivere e le fragorose rotative, l'invio in tipografia della posta pneumatica, i cilindri con gli articoli giù per i tubi, e poi il nastro danzante delle copie stampate. The Post è una chiamata alle armi in tempi di contraffazione delle idee e abusi di potere, e non solo a favore della libertà di stampa. Spielberg l'ha girato in estrema urgenza – via dal set italiano di The Kidnapping of Edoardo Mortara – per consegnare il suo “pezzo” prima della Deadline celebrata da Richard Brooks con la famosa frase di Humphrey Bogart. “È la stampa, bellezza. E tu non puoi farci niente”.
Katharine Graham (Meryl Streep), la prima editrice di un grande giornale trasformerà il quotidiano locale di Washington in un colosso dell'informazione mondiale in coppia con Ben Bradlee, che un anno dopo, 1972, guiderà l'offensiva finale contro Nixon, missione trasferita sullo schermo da Alan Pakula in Tutti gli uomini del presidente, protagonista Jason Robards.
New York Times e Washington Post se la battono oggi come allora per avere documenti top secret in grado di smascherare un governo ingannacittadini. Ma nel '71 l'uomo-chiave è Daniel Ellsberg (Matthew Rhys), il cittadino "più pericoloso d'America” secondo Kissinger. Analista militare per due anni in Vietnam, collaboratore del
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در سه ماهه سوم سال جاری میلادی جایگاه چهارم فروش رایانه های شخصی را به دست آورد. تایوانی ها در تولید محصولات ایسر تمرکز خود بر عرضهی انواع متعددی از کروم بوک ها گذاشته اند و نوت بوک های گیمینگ ایسر نیز با استقبال خوبی رو به رو شده اند. ایسر در آینده نزدیک لپ تاپ هایی مانند مدل های Spin 1 و Aspire E 15 را به بازار خواهد داد. این شرکت از ارزش عنصر قیمت به خوبی آگاه است و می تواند چطور خدماتی دائمی با قیمت کم به مشتریانش عرضه کند. ایسر همچنین در ساخت محصولاتی قوی سرآمد است، مثال بارز آن می تواند Predator 21X با قیمت ۹۰۰۰ دلار باشد. همه این موارد دست به دست هم داده است تا این برند روز به روز ارزش بیشتری در بازار کسب کند.
دلایل محبوبیت ایسر
قیمت یکی از دلایل موفقیت ایسر است که سبب پر فروش شدن لپ تاپ های این برند شده است. حقیقت این است که لپ تاپ های خوش قیمت با قیمت معقول که هر کاربری با نیازهای مختلف بتواند آن را تهیه کند، ایسر را تبدیل به یک برند جذاب از نظر فروش کرده است. همچنین ورود به حوزه گیمینگ را نمی توان در این قضیه بی تاثیر دانست. امروزه کاربران گیمر زیادی در دنیا وجود دارند که لپ تاپ را فقط به قصد بازی می خرند. ایسر به این مسئله توجه و سعی کرده که با ورود جدی به حوزه نوت بوک های مخصوص بازی شده و لپ تاپ مگ نوت بوک های بتواند ارزش خرید بالا در کنار پشتیبانی مناسب به گیمرها ارائه کند و آنها را درگیر بازار خود کند. با این همه ایسر مدل های با ویژگی های بالا و رقابتی نیز دارد که برای قشری خاص طراحی شده اند، با وجود آنکه بخش اعظم سبد کالای ایسر را لپ تاپ های میان رده تشکیل می دهند، اما هستند مدل هایی مانند Swift و یا لپ تاپ های هیبریدی های 2 در 1 خوش قیمت مانند ایسر One S1002 که جزو مدل های رقابتی محسوب می شوند. با این حال اگر بخواهیم از نوت بوک های مخصوص گیمینگ فاکتور بگیریم، اولترا بوک های جدید این برند در کنار مدل های مقاوم تری مانند Travel Mate و اولترا بوک های مخصوص بازی و مولتی مدیای Nitro، نوآوری های این برند را به خوبی اثبات کرده اند. ایسر قصد دارد از این نوآوری ها همچنان بهره ببرد و آن را در محصولات آینده نیز نشان دهد.
مدیران
استان شیه
او به عنوان مرد اول این برند مطرح است که در سال 1984 در تایوان در خانواده ای فقیر اما با استعداد به دنیا آمد. او از همان کودکی در مخارج خانه به خانواده اش که پدر را از دست داده بودند کمک می کرد و این کار را با تخم مرغ فروشی انجام می داد. همزمان با کار، درسش را نیز فروش نمی کرد و سعی در پیشرفت شخصی اش داشت. او مدرک کارشناسی ارشد اش را با مهندسی الکترونیک ادامه داد و سن 32 سالگی سنی بود که تصمیم گرفت به همراه همسر و پنج نفر از دوستانش شرکتی به نام ایسر را پایه ریزی کند. شیه در سال 2004 بازنشسته شد و در این مدت شروع به انجام امور خیریه کرد. در سال 2013 استان شیه به عنوان هیئت مدیره به ایسر بازگشت.
جیسون چن
جیسون چن از سال 2014 که شیه بازنشسته شد، رئیس و مدیر عامل ایسر شد. یکی از مهم ترین انتقاداتی که به او شده است این است که چن از زمینه فروش و بازاریابی بیشتر از زمینه مهندسی استقبال می کند. او خود پیش از پیوستن به ایسر به عنوان معاون ارشد فروش و بازاریابی جهانی شرکت TSMC مشغول به کار بود. او شغل مدیریت خود از مدیر اجرایی بودن در اینتل تایوان و بعدها به عنوان مدیر فروش منطقه ای چین به دست آورد. پس از آن چن به عنوان مدیرعامل و مدیر کل منطقه آسیایی اقیانوس آرام در گروه فروش و بازاریابی در کالیفرنیا منسوب شد.
منابع انسانی ایسر
استان شیه در سال 1984 برای خریدن سهام شرکت و افزایش سهامداران شروع به ارائه ی طرح های تشویقی کرد. با این کار تعداد سهامداران شرکت خیلی زود افزایش یافتند به طوری که تا سال 1987 تقریبا تعدادی زیادی از کارمندانش یعنی رقم 3000 نفر جزء سهامداران ایسر بودند. این نشان دهنده اهمیت منابع انسانی این شرکت بود که موجب شد مدیر آن کارمندان خود را در سهام و سود شرکت شریک کند.
. در سال 2005، ایسر 7800 کارمند در سراسر جهان تحت استخدام خود داشت و درآمدش از 4/9 میلیارد دلار در سال 2003 به 11.31 میلیارد دلار در سال 2006 افزایش یافت و این مهم را به لطف تلاش های زیاد کارمندان خود به دست آورد. طبق آخرین آمارها در سال 2015 این شرکت نزدیک به 8000 کارمند در سراسر دنیا دارد.
اهداف سازمانی
در اوایل دهه 90 میلادی، ایسر دو هدف عمده را برای خود تعیین کرد: رسیدن به پنج شرکت برتر کامپیوتر در سراسر دنیا در سال 1995 و رسیدن به کنسرسیوم جهانی شرکت ها تا سال 2000 بود. این شرکت موانع بالقوه در خصوص سرمایه، تصویر برند و میزان تجربه مدیران بین المللی و تجربه بازاریابی در بازارهای خارجی را اصلاح کرد و یک استراتژی جامع برای رسیدن به اهداف خود طراحی کرد.
در واقع ایسر به دو کسب و کار اصلی سازماندهی شده است که عبارت است از یک کسب وکار اصلی مرکزی که اختصاص به تحقیق، طراحی، بازاریابی، فروش و پشتیبانی محصولات IT و دیگری کسب و کار مبتنی بر ایجاد ارزش است که شامل ساخت سرویس ابری و عملیات تجارت الکترونیک است. هر دو گروه صرف نظر از زمینه های متمایزی که رویش تمرکز کرده اند به دنبال یک ماموریت مشترک برای شکستن موانع بین کاربران و تکنولوژی هستند. در همین حین این دو گروه به دنبال یک دید مشترک هستند که در مفهوم BeingWare (بشر افزار) ترسیم شده است. این مفهوم توسط مدل های کسب وکار عمودی با دستگاه های متصل هوشمند تعریف می شود و ریشه در جاه طلبی ایسر برای ایجاد اینترنت موجودات (IoB) دارد که یک شبکه انسانی محور بر مبنای مجموعه ای از اطلاعات و ارزش های افزوده برای ایجاد گروهی از دستگاه های هوشمند معنا دار است. ایسر در سایت خود هدف و ماموریت اش را ایجاد و ارتقای خدمات، محصولات و دانش مبتنی بر تحقیق قرار داده که می تواند برای بهبود یادگیری در طول عمر مفید باشد.
شرکت ایسر در طول دوره حیات خود همواره مبالغ هنگفتی صرف تحقیقات و توسعه نموده تا به نوعی از تکنولوژی و شرکت های ژاپنی تبعیت کرده باشد بتواند در این صنعت پا به پای آنها رقابت کند. مدیر ایسر باور دارد که برای ارزش آفرینی بیشتر برای کاربران باید روی طراحی، محصولات پیشرو و محصولات حساس و استراتژیک صنعت تمرکز کرد. شیه با همین تفکر توانست کامپیوترهای خانگی PC را به عنوان یکی از لوازم خانگی ضروری در منازل جا بیاندازد و بدین وسیله رسالت سازمانی خود را به این صورت بیان کند: “تکنولوژی تازه محبوب همه کس، همه جا” تکنولوژی تازه به معنای جدید نیست بلکه به معنای بهترین، ارزشمند ترین کم ریسک ترین و با دوکیفیت ترین فناوری است که بتوان آن را به همه پیشنهاد کرد. علاوه بر این تازگی تکنولوژی را می توان به نوآوری مبتنی بر تکنولوژی بالغ، با قیمت منطقی و دارای رابطه مناسب با کاربر به طوری که در هر جا محبوب همه باشد تعریف کرد. شرکت ایسر ید طولانی در نوآوری های مستمر دارد و همین موضوع موجب باعث قدرت هر چه بیشتر این برند شده است.
یکی دیگر از مسائلی که درصدر اولویت ها و اهداف شرکت ایسر قرار دارد مسئله مشتری گرایی است. این شرکت در تلاش است تا با مشتری گرایی هر چه بیشتر کامپیوتر ها را به عنوان محصولات الکترونیکی مصرفی که هر روز کاربردهای وسیع تری در حوزه ارتباطات، تفریحات و آموزش پیدا می کنند در میان مخاطبان جا بیاندازد و به نظر می رسد که در رسیدن به این هدف تا حدودی موفق بوده است. البته برای رسیدن به رویکرد کامل این هدف لازم است تا این شرکت به یک متخصص در محصولات الکترونیکی مصرفی و وسایل محاسباتی فردی تبدیل شود. مدیر این برند این موضوع را به نوعی گذر از تکنولوژی محوری به مشتری محوری می داند و روی بحث مشتری تمرکز می کند. در واقع در صنعت کامپیوتر همیشه اکثر شرکت ها بیش از مردم بر محصولات تمرکز داشته اند اما ایسر تلاش کرده تا جایگاه خود را به یک شرکت خدماتی مشتری محور که سرمایه معنوی بالایی دارد تغییر دهد. جالب است بدانید که این مهم در شعار این شرکت نیز متبلور است: “ایسر پیوند دهنده تکنولوژی و انسان”. از نظر شیخ سرمایه معنوی که ایجاد می شود در واقع ارزش افزوده محصول است. و ایسر با بالا بردن ادراک مصرف کننده از مزایا یا ارزش یک محصول دانش و اطلاعات راجع به بسته بندی، طراحی، دسترسی، راحتی، سادگی و سایر ویژگی های محسوس محصولش در پی این است که این ارزش افزوده را ارتقا دهد. با همین طرز تفکر و رویکرد بود که ایسر توانست کامپیوترهایش را از یک برند چند ملیتی به یک برند جهانی تبدیل کند و به همه مردم کمک کند تا از کار و زندگی خود با کمک این کامپیوترها و وسایل الکترونیکی لذت ببرند.
محصولات و خدمات
- رایانه رومیزی (کامپیوترهای مخصوص بازی سری Predator از انواع مشهور این سری هستند. چندی پیش ایسر از رایانه های دسکتاپ مخصوص گیمینگ سری نیترو ۵۰ رونمایی کرد. بر اساس گزارش ایسر، سری نیترو ۵۰ برای کسانی است که به دنبال قدرت پردازشی بالا هستند؛ قدرتی که فقط در رایانه های دسکتاپ می توان از آن بهرهمند شد).
- لپ تاپ ( شامل سری های Extensa series ،Acer Iconia ، Acer Aspire ، Acer TravelMate ، Acer Predator ، Acer Aspire One ، Acer TimelineX ، Acer Nitro ) این شرکت به دلیل تولید باریک ترین لپ تاپ های خود مشهور است و توانسته این عنوان را در دنیا کسب کند. همچنین لپ تاپ های گیمینگ این برند مانند Predator Helios 500 که امسال از جانب ایسر رونمایی شده از صفحه نمایشی با اندازهی ۱۷.۳ اینچی و سخت افزاری به مراتب قدرت مندتر از سری پیشین بهره می برد.)
- نوت بوک
- سِرور
- ابزار ذخیره داده ها
- دستگاه های الکترونیکی همراه ( مانند کامپیوتر بدون کیس اسپایر S24 با فناوری شارژ بی سیم که اخیرا رونمایی شد . این کیس از نمایشگر ۲۳.۸ اینچی استفاده میکند. و باریکترین مدل AIO این شرکت محسوب می شود.)
- نمایشگر ( مانیتورهایی برای مصارف خاص مانند گیمینگ و … دارد . برای مثال ایسر محصولات جذاب زیادی را با خود به نمایشگاه IFA 2018 آورده بود. البته در این بین کامپیوتر و مانیتورهای مخصوص بازی این شرکت بیش از سایر محصولات در این نمایشگاه خودنمایی میکنند. این شرکت مطرح دنیای کامپیوترهای شخصی روز گذشته در کنار رونمایی از سه کامپیوتر مخصوص بازی سری Predator، مانیتور جدید نیترو XV273K با رزولوشن UHD را نیز معرفی کرد.)
- تلویزیون ( شامل تلویزیون های LED، LCD و پلاسما)
- پروژکتور ویدئویی ( اخرین پروژکتوری که این برند معرفی کرد دو ویدیو پروژکتور جدید UHD به نام VL7860 و P8800 است که از رزولوشن 4K پشتیبانی می کنند. این دو پروژکتور قابلیت نمایش تصاویر تا ابعاد ۱۲۰ اینچ را دارند).
- هدست واقعیت مجازی (ایسر از نسل جدید هدست های واقعیت ترکیبی خود در نمایشگاه ایفا ۲۰۱۸ رونمایی کرد. این هدست که Acer OJO 500 نام دارد، از طراحی ماژولاری بهره مند می شود که به واسطه آن، جدا کردن بخش های مختلف دستگاه را امکان پذیر می کند. طبق گفتهی ایسر، این دستگاه برای موزهها و مکانهایی توسعه یافته که روزانه از مشتریان زیادی میزبانی میکنند.)
- تجارت الکترونیک
- تبلت ( آخرین تبلتی که این برند رونمایی کرد تبلت Switch 7 Black Edition است که از نوع بدون فن است. از مشخصات این تبلت می توان به وجود نمایشگری ۱۳.۵ اینچی با رزولوشن ۲۲۵۶ در ۱۵۰۴ پیکسل، استند مخصوص تبلت به صورت پیشفرض، کیبورد جداشدنی و تراشهی چهار هستهای اینتل Core i7-8550U نام برد. همچنین باید به پردازندهی گرافیکی GeForce MX150 انویدیا اشاره کرد.)
- دوربین 360 درجه (ایسر در سال 2017، در جریان کنفرانس برلین، از دو دوربین 360 درجه مجهز به ارتباطات LTE پشتیبانی کرد و به این ترتیب وارد حوزه ساخت این محصول نیز شد).
- گوشی هوشمند ( شامل مدل های predator، Liquid،
- ساعت هوشمند ( ایسر محصول جدید به نام لیپ آور با قیمت 130 دلار رونمایی کرد که به حوزه ساخت این محصول نیز وارد شد، این ساعت هوشمند می تواند برای علاقه مندان به محصولات حوزه سلامت نیز مفید باشد. این ساعت هوشمند بهعنوان یک مچ بند تندرستی نیز کاربرد دارد. جالب است بدانید که حتی ساعت های هوشمند این برند نیز ساعت مخصوص گیمینگ دارد که برای مثال یکی از آنها در نمایشگاه ایفا 2016 رونمایی شد.
- گجت پوشیدنی ( یکی از گجت های پوشیدنی شرکت ایسر محصولی است که ظاهری شبیه به ساعت هوشمند دارد که میتوان از آن به عنوان یک دست بند ورزشی هم استفاده کرد. نام این محصول Acer Leap Ware است و مجهز صفحه نمایش ۱.۶ اینچی مجهز شده که به یک لایه محافظ +Gorilla Glass SR مجهز شده است. در واقع این لایه محافظ باعث می شود که صفحه نمایش در برابر ضربه و خط و خش مقاوم باشد.)
سهم بازار
سهم بازار ایسر در سه ماهه سوم سال 2018، 6.1 درصد بوده است که البته نسبت به سال قبل ان یعنی 2017 اندکی ریزش داشته است. این شرکت در سال 2017 دارای سهم بازار 6.5 % ای بود و رتبه ششم را در میان فروشندگان کامپیوتری دنیا از آن خود کرده بود. اکنون ایسر، به فروش سالانه ۷ میلیارد و ۲۰۰ میلیون دلار رسیده و در حوزه دستگاه های هیبریدی، این شرکت رتبه اول را در تمام خاورمیانه از آن خود کرده است. جالب است بدانید که در اروپا، خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا، این شرکت رتبه اول مدیا بوک ها را در اختیار دارد و در بخش لپ تاپ نیز رتبه چهارم را در همین بخش از ان خود کرده است. بنابراین برندی پر فروش و پر طرفدار در این منطقه محسوب می شود و شاید دلیل آن نزدیکی قاره ای به تایوان باشد. شاید بد نباشد بدانید که ۶۰ درصد فروش ایسر در سال های اخیر مربوط به لپ تاپ ها بوده است، بنابراین لپ تاپ محصول محبوب این برند است. ۱۳ درصد از فروش نیز متعلق به انواع مانیتورها و ۱۵ درصد نیز به کامپیوترهای دسکتاپ اختصاص داشته است. به گفته مدیران این برند در ایران، ایسر در حال حاضر از نظر میزان فروش چهارمین برند خاورمیانه به حساب میآید و قصد دارد با تمرکز و فروش بیشتر در بازار ایران، در پی کسب سهم بازار بیشتر از کشور ما باشد.
این شرکت در سال 2000 باعث شد که بیشترین سهم فروش در بازار جهانی را به دلیل کیفیت بالای خدمات و محصولاتش به خود اختصاص داده بود که در نوع خود یک رکورد محسوب می شود. پیش تر از این نیز اکونومیست گزارش داده بود که درآمد ایسر از 3.2 میلیارد دلار در سال 1994 به 5.7 میلیارد دلار رسیده که یک افزایش 75 درصدی را نشان می داد. شیه در آن زمان امیدوار بود که این درامد از طریق گسترش فروش لوازم الکترونیکی مصرفی مانند تلویزیون و دستگاه های فکس به 15 میلیارد دلار تا سال 1999 برسد که اندیشه ای دست نیافتنی بود. فروش جهانی تقویت شد، اما ایسر پیش بینی حضور رقبای دیگر را نکرده بود و از بازار ایالات متحده آمریکا عقب افتاد. شعبه ایسر در آمریکا مجددا سازماندهی شد که در سال 1997 این شعبه 141 میلیون دلار را از دست داده بود. این موضوع تاثیر بدی روی خطوط تولید گذاشت، زیرا یک سوم کسب و کار ایسر به بازار آمریکای شمالی متکی بود. با تلاش هایی که این شرکت کرد توانست سود خالص خود را 22 درصد افزایش دهد. در آن سال ایسر با IBM و اپل برای ساخت رایانه های شخصی مشارکت قابل توجهی نشان داد. در آن زمان ایسر 37 سالن مونتاژ در سراسر دنیا داشت اما هیچ تولیدی در خارج از آسیا اتفاق نمی افتاد. تمرکز ایسر در این بازه روی بازارهای نوظهور بود و رهبران شرکت همچنان از نمایش ضعیف این شرکت در آمریکا و اروپا ناراضی بودند. در آمریکا سهم بازار ایسر از بازار کامپیوتر از 5.4 درصد به 3.2 درصد به اواخر 1998 رسید. در همین راستا ایسر تلاش هایی را برای جبران این بخش از بازار کرد و برنامه ریزی کرد تا تلاش های خود را به سمت بخش های پیچیده تر بازار که مدارس، ادارات و کسب و کارها بود هدایت کند. در پی همین برنامه ریزی ها، ایسر پنج گروه مختلف برای سازماندهی به بازار ترتیب داد و دو سال بعد به نظر نمی رسید که تجدید ساختار سازمانی تأثیر قابل توجهی روی شرکت داشته باشد و قیمت سهام نیز در حال کاهش بود. شیه دوباره به فکر بازسازی افتاد و برای کاهش ماهیت رقابتی فروش در میان دیگر برندها در مقابل کسب و کارهای تولید قرارداد، شیوه کسب و کار قرارد
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的三分能力简直叼到没朋友，在杨百翰大学时期，他大三场均22+4+3，带领球队打进ncaa锦标赛32强，大四更是场均28+4+4拿下ncaa得分王，带领球队打进ncaa16强，这一年杨百翰大学的ncaa战绩是20胜1负。大学四年弗雷戴德的三分命中率是恐怖的百分之四十六。。
从秋叶片片到银装素裹，就在肉眼之间完成，怪不得明尼阿波利斯的初雪这么出名。火箭已经面试了马刺助教梅西纳,但是当大力看到裁判指向自己之后，马上爆了句粗口，用的还是中文，自己什么时候犯规了？这样一来就三犯了！,科比这样的打法，看起来是一种无私，但是在斯科特看来，这简直是自私到了极点。谁知道湖人这边换人换得这么彻底，就是打阵地战。科尔：我们比赛一开始就打得很软。
2比0，小牛队率先得分。经纪人：巴卡去西汉姆联？言之尚早,纳什则是真的爱风景，用三脚架架好摄影机拍摄湖面结过程，还拿着单反到处拍照。。
又是这个小萝莉！大力决定了回去要好好‘修理’她！疑似萨克拉门托国王新队标泄露,果然诺阿早就准备好了来补防大力，幸好大力早就准备好了应付的方法。,吃完早餐，大力抱着瑶瑶看秦早儿玩游戏，洛杉矶这边是大清早，但是在美国那边马上要到晚上十二点了，秦早儿要赶紧将国内时间的今天的师门任务做完。凯旋门娱乐鹈鹕像是被科比打怕了，科比仅仅是站到底角，防守他的寂寞大神吉莫－弗雷戴德就已经开始对他进行绕前防守。澳大利亚主帅：盼奥运会再交手。
这是哪里来的自信？科比谈谢幕战：我不能打得太差了,第二天姐姐开车带着秦早儿一起去接科莫娃回家，大力想去接，结果被扔在家里做饭，要做一顿好吃的安慰科莫娃，大力再次成为煮夫。。
雷霆这赛季不能太惨，首发除了帕金斯伤了个遍，替补上来的人也是谁打得好谁受伤，就像受到诅咒一般。。
12月30号，全明星投票第一期的统计完成。湖人官宣：感谢斯科特过去两年的奉献及忠诚,大力看到科比进行战术布置，脑海中冒出一个国内球迷们开玩笑的称呼：“科教练。”。
卡莱尔很头痛，他看向对面的斯科特，心想这家伙的执教风格怎么变了这么多，打法变得这么奔放。湖人这边布置战术的时候一大堆人围着，看电视转播的观众看得到里面布置战术的是科指导，但是卡莱尔没有看到。。
“瑶瑶我们两个好可怜对不对，你看你的坏叔叔想打我们就打。”秦早儿将脸在瑶瑶脸上蹭着。瑶瑶也一副可怜相蹭着秦早儿，两人互相吃着豆腐。科兰杰洛谈交易：一直跟其他球队有对话,也因此圣安东尼奥成为了全美第二受欢迎的旅游城市，全球最受欢迎城市也排在第九位。,“死壮……张伯伦……”现场dj用高亢的声音带动起球迷的欢呼，大力充满激情的打法总能在第一时间点燃现场观众的欢呼声。蒙蒂－威廉姆斯现在很无奈，他已经用过队里所有的球员去防守科比，防得科比已经投丢第11个球，这听起来似乎防得很不错。美洲杯-邓普西破门建功 10人美国1-0巴拉圭晋级。
大力不知道，埃文斯其实在新秀赛季的时候三分确实很差，百分之二十五的命中率，第二年也只有百分之二十七。科克：主帅执教经验更丰富是马竞的优势,作为洛杉矶之子，尼克－杨13年夏天放弃了别的球队给出的中产合同，底薪加盟湖人。。
斯塔基在那里思考如何进攻，几秒钟没动。大力心想这家伙到底在干嘛，走神了？大力试着去断球，没想直接就抄到了手里。。
大力再次得到西部周最佳和月最佳球员，两个月6夺周最佳包揽月最佳，如果不是被禁赛说不定这两个月的西部最佳会被他一个人包揽！罗伯森：很努力练习自己的投篮,而科比今天三个特征齐出，萨尔蒙斯要泪奔了。。
考辛斯在内线的统治力让湖人不得不包夹，盖伊接球空位中距离出手。科兰杰洛谈抽到状元：这就像乌云散去了,圣诞节之前湖人还有一场比赛，客场挑战实力强大的萨克拉门托国王。,最后一个球，湖人的防守策略就是一防一，不能让任何人空出来。但是看到了有趣的土特产大力还是忍不住要买，按照大力的话来说就是别问为什么，有钱，任性!澳大利亚羽毛球公开赛：包宜鑫／陈清晨力挫印尼组合捧女。
所有人都期待着大力的扣篮，但就是有人喜欢打扰别人雅兴，斯科特和森林狼教练菲利普－桑德斯很默契的出来叫停了这次对决。。
桑德斯不知道拉文和大力谁的扣篮更好，桑德斯想的是如果拉文赢了，说不定会刺激到大力，大力拼了命要打爆拉文，拉文现在的水准还不得被爆成渣，说不定还会有心理阴影。而如果拉文输了，对拉文来说也不是什么好事，现在拉文最自豪或者说是最有信心的事情就是扣篮，拉文进步很快，但是现在他被人们所称赞的就是扣篮，连这个最强的一点都输了，肯定会给他造成打击。经纪人：戈麦斯的前途？欧洲杯后确定,湖人队三巨头成型组成后首次一起出场对阵东部五强，引发了全美所有体育媒体的关注。。
今天大家都很开心，圣诞节大家都穿的红红火火的。。
萨尔蒙斯作为一个打了十多年球的老将，并且也是锋卫摇摆人，还是当过几年球星的家伙，和科比面对面攻防的次数也不少。久了之后他总结出了科比暴走的三个特征，第一个是死亡之眸，他会用看死人的眼神看对手，第二个是叼球衣，这个大家看得多了，第三个就是喘气的时候咬牙，咬着牙吸气的时候感觉就像是蛇一样。登巴巴破门莫雷诺红牌 申花客场1-1平建业,“死壮，我们商量件事。”尼克－杨偷偷将大力拉到一边，一脸贱笑的说道。。
“又是清水鸡肉，那么难吃，那好，那我们就吃炸鸡还有西兰花还有大力你的清水肌肉。”小爱说完去准备午餐。。<|endoftext|>Il rapporto dei prezzi al consumo di martedì non è stato “carino”. I prezzi sono aumentati del 5,4% rispetto allo scorso giugno, il massimo dal 2008 (la media annua del 4,5% è la più alta dal 1991).
In altre parole, significa che il dollaro non andrà tanto lontano. Lo stesso dollaro che ha procurato tre barrette di cioccolato alla cassa l’anno scorso non riesce a comprare le stesse tre barrette quest’anno.
Ok, ma cosa accade se hai 1,10 dollari da spendere in caramelle quest’anno perché hai un aumento di stipendio?
Ora puoi acquistare le stesse tre barrette di cioccolato e avere anche un resto extra!
Hai battuto l’inflazione, giusto?
Questo è fondamentalmente l’argomento principale a cui dovremmo prestare attenzione: i guadagni salariali corrispondono, superano o seguono l’aumento dei prezzi, e questo ci dice se queste pressioni sui prezzi sono “transitorie” o meno.
Ma in tutto questo ragionare, perdiamo di vista il concetto basilare. Il dollaro non va ancora così lontano come prima, indipendentemente dal fatto che un americano abbia più soldi in tasca o meno.
Proviamo a ragionare sull’intera economia degli Stati Uniti. Il dollaro è stato effettivamente piuttosto stabile, persino forte, rispetto alle altre principali valute. Ma il suo valore si è eroso internamente.
Si acquistano meno immobili rispetto a prima, si acquista meno nel mercato azionario statunitense rispetto a prima, si comprano anche meno Bitcoin rispetto un anno fa.
E da dove arriva tutto questo?
Da un massiccio stimolo alimentato dal deficit combinato con una massiccia espansione del bilancio da parte della Fed. C’è una ragione per cui Lyn Alden ha paragonato questo periodo con gli anni Quaranta del dopoguerra, quando il governo si impegnava in massicci programmi di politica pubblica e il livello dei prezzi in costante aumento, tutto contribuì a gonfiare il debito. La Fed ha mantenuto i tassi bassi all’epoca e oggi sta ancora acquistando più della metà delle nuove emissioni del Tesoro.
Il punto è che il modo di pensare a questo intero periodo oggi è:
1) come mantenere il tuo potere d’acquisto
2) come possibilmente anche aumentarlo.
Se i prezzi delle case sono aumentati del 13% di anno in anno, i proprietari di case sono diventati più ricchi del 13% o il dollaro ha perso solo il 13% del suo valore?
In ogni caso, vuoi possedere una casa, non i dollari. Ecco perché questi sono chiamati “beni reali”. È per questo che i miliardari amano comprare terreni.
Ciò funziona anche per le azioni, il loro “vero asset” è un flusso di guadagni futuri, valutato in dollari futuri. Quindi, mentre le azioni sono tradizionalmente considerate una cattiva copertura contro l’inflazione, in realtà sono una buona copertura contro la perdita di potere d’acquisto.
Ed è per questo che resistono oggi. L’S&P 500, infatti, ha raggiunto un nuovo record dopo l’uscita del rapporto CPI. Pensaci. Il mercato non è crollato a causa del rapporto ma è aumentato.
In quale altro modo puoi mantenere il potere d’acquisto?
Scambiando contanti con cose che aumenteranno di valore al diminuire del dollaro. Le materie prime funzionano, ma sono un gioco complicato, perché la loro offerta non è fissa e alcune di esse hanno avuto un picco così alto uscendo dalla pandemia, guarda il legname per esempio.
Bitcoin, forse, se hai una visione di cinque o dieci anni. Il patrimonio immobiliare degli Stati Uniti. Anche l’oro, che ha appena avuto un “decennio perduto”, ma è ancora aumentato di oltre sei volte dal 2001.
Quello che non puoi permetterti è essere dall’altra parte del trade, dove ti impegni a pagare cose che continueranno a salire di prezzo. Come l’affitto. Gas. Servizi in streaming. O il Google Cloud (per fortuna è ancora piuttosto economico).
C’è un motivo per cui Apple ha trasformato un intero modello di business dalla vendita di hardware deprezzato all’apprezzamento di software e servizi, e di conseguenza ha visto il suo valore di mercato aumentare. Pensaci.
Il fatto che l’inflazione dei prezzi sia “transitoria” o meno o per quanto tempo o quanto possa andare in alto, è un pensiero che mi fa impazzire.
Il dollaro non compra più quello a cui era abituato, l’America ha tonnellate di debito pubblico da affrontare e sembra che siano più vicini all’inizio che alla fine di questo strano ed ineleggibile movimento.
Io mi posiziono di conseguenza. Mi auguro che lo faccia anche tu.
Giuseppe Pascarella<|endoftext|>Economia politica dei diritti umani
C’è qualcuno che oserebbe criticare i diritti umani? Essere contro i diritti umani sarebbe come per dei bambini essere contro le caramelle. E’ ovvio che tutti quindi siano schierati in modo risoluto per i diritti umani: George Bush e Saddam Hussein, Yasser Arafat e Ariel Sharon, Rudolf Scharping e Amnesty International. In nome dei diritti umani si bombarda in lungo e in largo e si tortura di quando in quando; sempre in nome dei diritti umani le vittime vengono assistite e confortate. Tanto i sostenitori quanto gli avversari delle guerre dell’ordine mondiale capitalistico si appellano ai diritti umani; i Verdi si attestano reciprocamente integrità morale in nome dell’interesse di partito così da essere da entrambi i lati a prescindere da ogni morale.
Ma a proposito dei diritti umani non tutto va per il verso giusto. Più di 150 anni fa un uomo chiamato Karl Marx arrivò a questa conclusione. Asserì che nella dichiarazione dei Diritti dell’Uomo occupavano un posto centrale questi principi: libertà dei soggetti di mercato, garanzia della proprietà privata, sicurezza poliziesca delle transazioni. In altre parole: "uomo" in questo senso non è nient’altro in realtà che un essere che produce merce, che guadagna denaro e che è titolare dei "diritti" elementari dell’esistenza, compresa la "vita e l’integrità corporea", solo se può vendere qualche cosa o per lo meno sé stesso (in casi estremi i suoi organi) ossia solo se esso è "solvibile".
Solo così un uomo è soggetto di diritto e quindi un soggetto di diritti umani, esso deve essere in grado di funzionare nel contesto della legalità capitalistica elevata a legge naturale della società. Per il cosiddetto Illuminismo borghese solo e unicamente l’esistenza dei soggetti del "lavoro" astratto negli spazi funzionali aziendali e della circolazione di merci sui mercati (cioè la sfera di realizzazione della valorizzazione del capitale) è "umana". Si presuppone che l’uomo esca dal grembo materno in questa forma sociale così da potersi rappresentare fisicamente e spiritualmente solo come un essere "economico".
Non è previsto che gli uomini possano sfuggire in quanto uomini a questi presupposti "naturali". Ma proprio questa condizione viene generata periodicamente dal capitalismo stesso. Nel corso della terza rivoluzione industriale è divenuta uno stadio esistenziale irreversibile e duraturo per la maggioranza globale. I "superflui" del capitalismo secondo questa definizione non sono più uomini ma soltanto oggetti naturali come ciottoli, scatole o scarafaggi (il marchese De Sade era giunto a questa conclusione con cinico acume già nel 18° secolo)
Ne consegue che i moderni diritti umani non rappresentano in realtà una promessa quanto piuttosto una minaccia: se non sei più utilizzabile o funzionale secondo la logica aziendale, non sei più per principio un soggetto di diritto e non essendo più un soggetto di diritto non sei più in ultima analisi un uomo. La disumanizzazione potenziale dei "superflui" è pertanto inclusa nel concetto illuministico borghese di "diritti umani", perché l’uomo capitalistico cosificato, nella forma "antinaturale" dell’escluso vale ancor meno di una cosa. Quest’ultima conseguenza rappresenta il principio segreto di tutta l’economia politica e perciò della moderna politica democratica. E’ l’essenza di quel "realismo" che ha inquinato la sinistra politica. Ogni "realpolitik" reca il "marchio di Caino" di questa logica implacabile. Le organizzazioni per i diritti umani come Amnesty International ecc. non sono conniventi con la "realpolitik", anzi sono spesso una spina nel suo fianco. Con il loro impegno immediato a favore delle vittime di guerre e persecuzioni, la loro incorruttibilità (al contrario dei politici di professione) ed il coraggio spesso dimostrato contro i poteri dominanti rappresentano un’importante istanza di aiuto pratico e non da ultimo di critica empirica e di denuncia. Ma in questo manifestano dei limiti. Essi difendono le vittime proprio in nome del principio che le ha rese tali. Perciò non possono introdurre un elemento necessario di critica sociale; la loro attività non può sfiorare le cause sociali della violenza e della persecuzione così come la Croce Rossa non poteva certo evitare la Prima Guerra Mondiale. Il titolo ideologico della loro autopercezione che rimane borghese, rende estremamente ambigua non tanto la loro attività empirica quanto la sua legittimazione. Perciò si corre il rischio che la loro esistenza ed i loro risultati vengano strumentalizzati per la giustificazione del terrore economico globale.
Il riconoscimento evidente dell’uomo, cioè dell’uomo nella sua esistenza corporale, intellettuale e sociale
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anni successivi si susseguono diversi rimaneggiamenti della formazione, che vede prima il ritorno di Captain Beefheart, poi l’inserimento di una sezione di fiati composta da famosi jazzisti, come i fratelli Randy e Michael Brecker. In quello stesso periodo Zappa si trova impegnato su più fronti per questioni legali: con la Royal Albert Hall, per l'annullamento del concerto di presentazione di 200 Motels nel 1971 (perde la causa nel 1975); con la MGM, per rientrare in possesso dei master dei suoi primi dischi (vince la causa nel 1976, ma riuscirà a riavere i nastri solo nel 1982); con il manager Herb Cohen (a seguito della quale dovrà rinunciare ad utilizzare il nome Mothers), e infine con la Warner Brothers, colpevole di non avergli pagato gli ultimi lavori consegnati. Nel frattempo Zappa firma per la PolyGram, che distribuirà i suoi dischi attraverso la neonata Zappa Records. Escono "Sheik Yerbouti", registrato tra il 1977 e il 1978, e di lì a poco i tre atti che compongono "Joe's Garage", suddivisi in un album singolo e uno doppio. In questi lavori viene fatto un massiccio ricorso alla pratica di sovraincidere tracce provenienti da diverse registrazioni, mescolando in particolare gli assoli di chitarra registrati dal vivo con basi in studio. Questa diventerà una caratteristica comune a gran parte dei dischi successivi, grazie soprattutto alla possibilità di utilizzare un vero e proprio studio di registrazione domestico, lo Utility Muffin Research Kitchen (UMRK), fatto costruire da Zappa in casa sua, e inaugurato a fine 1979. Negli anni ’80 ancora un cambio di casa discografica. Questa volta l’artista si appoggia alla CBS per la sua nuova etichetta Barking Pumpkin Records, che esordisce con un doppio album, “Tinsel Town Rebellion”, contenente registrazioni dal vivo tra il 1978 e il 1980, e una collezione di tre LP, dal nome collettivo di “Shut Up and Play Your Guitar”. Il 1984 è un anno particolarmente prolifico: esce dapprima un doppio, “Them or Us”, poi poi il triplo “Thing Fish”, commedia musicale che Zappa tenterà di rappresentare a Broadway, senza riuscirvi, e infine un altro lavoro al Synclavier, “Francesco Zappa”, rielaborazione elettronica della musica di un suo quasi omonimo, oscuro compositore italiano del '700. Negli stessi anni l’artista rimane coinvolto nella disputa che oppone l'industria discografica ad alcune associazioni puritane di area governativa, che vogliono imporre una qualche forma di censura sul contenuto degli album i cui testi vengono ritenuti pornografici. Questo episodio determina un sempre maggiore attivismo politico da parte di Zappa, che si schiera manifestamente in favore della libertà di espressione opponendosi alla censura. Una svolta importante avviene con l’avvento del CD, che consente all’autore di pianificare nel nuovo formato le uscite e le ristampe del vecchio catalogo spesso in versioni remixate e con l’aggiunta di materiale. La prima di queste, nel 1988, è “Guitar”, un'altra raccolta di soli di chitarra estratti prevalentemente dai concerti del 1982-84, pubblicata come doppio LP e come doppio CD con ben 13 brani in più. Contemporaneamente vede la luce il primo volume della collana “You Can't Do That On Stage Any More”, che in 6 doppi CD compirà una panoramica sulla musica dal vivo di Zappa dal 1968 al 1988. Nel 1988, dopo 4 anni, Zappa ritorna in tour con una band di 12 elementi comprendente una larga sezione di fiati, il che permette al suo genio creativo di sfruttare appieno tutte le potenzialità sonore offerte da un combo così ampio e variegato. Il 1989 è un altro anno denso di attività: Zappa pubblica “The Real Frank Zappa Book", una sorta di autobiografia, 5 video, e continua a lavorare alle uscite discografiche, selezionando le migliori esecuzioni di certi brani dal suo sterminato archivio. L’anno dopo scopre il tumore che lo avrebbe ucciso qualche tempo più tardi, ma non interrompe la sua attività. Intanto il mondo accademico si accorge di lui, e sono molte le istituzioni e i gruppi concertistici che vogliono commissionargli dei lavori. Significativo il fatto che proprio il direttore del Festival di Francoforte volesse inserirlo in un programma di concerti nel 1992, prova che Zappa, malato, affronta con successo di critica e di pubblico. I concerti tenuti a Franco Forte, che vanno sotto il nome di "The Yellow Shark", rappresentano l’ultima fase dell’immensa attività di Zappa, la cui morte viene annunciata dalla famiglia il 6 dicembre 1993.<|endoftext|>هفته نامه "تجارت فردا" در گزارشی تعدادی از ثرونمندان ایرانی را که خارج از کشور فعالیت اقتصادی می کنند و در جهان نیز مشهور هستند، معرفی کرده است.
بابک زنجانی
بابک زنجانی (متولد 12 مارس 1971 در تهران) تاجر و سرمایه دار شناخته شده ایرانی است که در دسامبر ۲۰۱۲ توسط اتحادیه اروپا به کمک رسانی برای تجارت نفت ایران از طریق دور زدن تحریم ها و داشتن نقش محوری در نقل و انتقال پول مربوط به فروش آن به دولت ایران متهم شد. در این میان اولین بانک اسلامی به مالکیت زنجانی متهم به استفاده از کانال هایی برای پرداخت های مربوط به نفت ایران شده بود.
زنجانی خود در مصاحبه ای که با رویترز داشته، گفته بود ورود به این لیست اشتباه بوده، و او کاری برخلاف قوانین اتحادیه اروپا انجام نداده و نفت ایران را در کشورهای معاف از تحریم و طبق قوانین بین المللی فروخته است. زنجانی گفته بود، ماهیت پیچیده معاملات شرکت های او، که شامل مبالغ هنگفتی است، ممکن است مقامات اتحادیه اروپا را گمراه کرده باشد. شرکت های بابک زنجانی ممکن است در قاچاق نفت ایران در ساحل شرقی مالزی دخالت داشته باشد.
به گفته خود زنجانی، او دارای بیش از ۶۰ شرکت از جمله شرکت گروه سورینت در امارات متحده عربی، اولین بانک سرمایه گذاری اسلامی در مالزی، سهامدار شرکت هواپیمایی انور ترکیه، موسسه مالی اعتباری در امارات و بانک ارزش تاجیکستان است.
جدای از اینها، زنجانی شرکت هایی در دوبی، ترکیه و تاجیکستان دارد. زنجانی در مصاحبه ای با خبرگزاری دانشجویان ایران، ایسنا، گفته بود صاحب ۶۴ شرکت داخلی و خارجی است و در حال حاضر نیز در ایران و کشورهای دیگر با ۱۷ هزار نفر کارمند در حال تجارت و ارائه خدمات است.
زنجانی همچنین در ایران، مالک هواپیمایی قشم و راه آهن سورینت، مالک و رئیس هیات مدیره باشگاه فوتبال راه آهن است. ثروت زنجانی 13.5 میلیارد دلار تخمین زده شده است. گروه شرکت های سورینت یک شرکت کسب و کار ایرانی است که به رهبری بابک زنجانی اداره می شود.
این شرکت یکی از بزرگ ترین شرکت های کسب و کار در ایران است. کسب و کار سورینت شامل لوازم آرایشی و بهداشتی، امور مالی و بانکی، مهمان نوازی، حمل و نقل هوایی تجاری، زیرساخت ها، مواد و مصالح ساختمانی، تکنولوژی اطلاعات و توسعه املاک و مستغلات بین المللی است که در ایران، امارات متحده عربی، مالزی، ترکیه، تاجیکستان، چین و همچنین دیگر بازارهای در حال ظهور در حال فعالیت است.
پی یرمراد امیدیار
پی یرمراد امیدیار متولد 21 ژوئن سال 1967، کارآفرین و خیر آمریکایی- ایرانی الاصل متولد فرانسه است. او موسس و رئیس ای بی (e-Bay)، وب سایت مخصوص حراج های اینترنتی است. امیدیار در سال 1995، در 28سالگی، برای فعال کردن فهرستی از حراج فرد به فرد مستقیم برای اقلام کلکسیونی، شروع به نوشتن یک کد کامپیوتری برای یک مکان آنلاین کرد. او یک نمونه ساده اولیه را بر روی صفحه وب شخصی خود ایجاد کرد، و در روز کارگر، روز دوشنبه، 4 سپتامبر 1995، یک سرویس آنلاین به نام وب سایت حراج راه اندازی کرد که در نهایت تبدیل به سایت حراج ای بی شد.
امیدیار در سال 1996، قراردادی را برای ارائه بلیت هواپیمایی آنلاین امضا کرد؛ تا آن زمان این سایت 250 هزار حراج را میزبانی کرده بود و در ماه اول سال 1997، میزبانی دو میلیون حراج را ثبت کرد، به طوری که تا اواسط همان سال، ای بی در حال میزبانی نزدیک به روزانه 800 هزار حراج بود. امیدیار در سال 1997 نام شرکت را به ای بی تغییر داد و به طور گسترده ای شروع به تبلیغ این محصول کرد.
امیدیار در سال 1998 در 31سالگی باIPO بی ای، میلیاردر شد؛ تا پایان سال ۱۹۹۸، 2.1 میلیون عضو، ۷۵۰ میلیون دلار حجم معاملات و حدود ۸ میلیون دلار سود کسب کرده بود به طوری که بیش از شش هزار کارمند و ۴۶ میلیون مشتری در کارنامه خود داشت.
سود خالص ای بی در سال ۲۰۰۵ بالغ بر ۴۴۱ میلیون دلار شده بود. امیدیار و همسرش پاملا بشردوستان شناخته شده ای هستند که در سال 2004 شبکه امیدیار را به منظور گسترش تلاش های خود، فراتر از اهداف مادی و سودآوری تاسیس کردند. به گزارش فوربس، ثروت پی یر امیدیار، تا ماه مارس 2013 به ارزش 8.7 میلیارد دلار رسیده بود.
او صد و بیست و سومین ثروتمند جهان و چهل و دومین ثروتمند ساکن ایالات متحده است. امیدیار ثروتمندترین فرد ایرانی، البته بعد از بابک نظری، و پنجمین ثروتمند فرانسوی است.
فرهاد مشیری
اردوان فرهاد مشیری (متولد 18 می سال 1955 در ایران) تاجر و سرمایه گذار ایرانی- انگلیسی، ساکن موناکو است. مشیری در انگلیس و روسیه صاحب سهام هایی در شرکت های متعدد انرژی و فولاد است. او حسابدار خبره گواهی شده ای است که قبلاً برای ارنست اند یانگ، PKF و Deloitte کار می کرد. مشیری و علیشیر عثمانوف، شریک کسب و کار طولانی مدتش، صاحبان هلدینگ رد اند وایت (Red & White) هستند.
آنها در ماه آگوست سال 2007، 14.65 درصد از سهام باشگاه فوتبال آرسنال را از دیوید دین، نایب رئیس سابق این باشگاه، خریداری کردند.
در 18 سپتامبر 2007، هلدینگ رد اند وایت سهام خود در آرسنال را به 21 درصد افزایش داد و در 28 سپتامبر 2007 به 23 درصد رساند. تا ماه ژوئن 2012، این هلدینگ حداقل 29.27 درصد از کل سهام این باشگاه را به دست آورد.
کیت ادلمن، مدیر عامل آرسنال، به رادیو زنده 5 بی بی سی گفته بود، این دو قبلاً گفته اند می خواهند سهامداران بلندمدت این باشگاه باشند. ثروت مشیری 2.8 میلیارد دلار برآورد شده است.
پل تورجی
پل تورجی 38 ساله متولد ایران، با دارایی های تحت مدیریت 2.7 میلیارد دلاری خود، صندوق تامینی کالای خود را به بزرگ ترین صندوق در ایالات متحده مبدل ساخته است. شرکت مدیریت سرمایه تورجی یک صندوق تامینی در شهر نیویورک است که دارایی های تحت مدیریت آن هم اکنون به 3.5 میلیارد دلار می رسد.
این شرکت توسط تورجی در ماه ژانویه سال 2005، پس از بسته شدن شرکت سرمایه گذاری قبلی او یعنی مدیریت دارایی های کتکقویل، در میان یک دعوای حقوقی، تاسیس شد. تورجی معتقد است معاملات او در این صندوق به طور غیر منتظره ای در یک بازار فرار مدیریت می شود.
از زمان شروع به کار صندوق تورجی در سال 2005، صندوق او تا به حال هرگز زیان ندیده است؛ در سال 2008، بازدهی صندوق او 13 درصد شد و تا سال 2009 نیز بالاتر از 5.7 درصد بوده است. برخی ها می گویند تورجی ابتدا می خواست در صنعت نفت سرمایه گذاری کند، اما گزینه صندوق های تامینی او را وارد بازار کالاها ساخت و او درگیر این حوزه شد.
مانی مشعوف
مانی مشعوف، 68ساله، (تاجر ایرانی - آمریکایی متولد مشهد) در دوران نوجوانی به ایالات متحده آمریکا رفت و برای اولین بار در شیکاگو، و سپس در سان فرانسیسکو مسکن گزید. در آنجا، او به دانشگاه ایالتی سان فرانسیسکو رفت و در سال 1966 با مدرک علوم سیاسی فارغ التحصیل شد.
مانی مشعوف پیش از افتتاح اولین بوتیک زنانه خود در سال ۱۹۷۶، استیک فروشی داشت و در اواخر دهه محصولات خود را در سریال های محبوب تلویزیونی آمریکا به طور غیر مستقیم معرفی می کرد.
او بنیانگذار و حال رئیس فروشگاه زنجیره ای بی بی (bebe ) بوده که در حال حاضر دارای 297 شعبه در شمال آمریکاست. او اخیراً به آلما ماتر خود، ایالت سان فرانسیسکو، قول 10 میلیون دلار کمک داده است. فوربس او را با ثروتی در حدود 1.3 میلیارد دلار به عنوان سومین ثروتمند ایرانی معرفی کرده است.
ناصر داود خلیلی
دکتر ناصر داود خلیلی (متولد ۱۳۲۴ خورشیدی در اصفهان) دانشمند و خیر ایرانی- بریتانیایی مشهور جهان یک یهودی ایرانی تبار است که در لندن زندگی می کند. او دارای تابعیت انگلستان بوده و اغلب از سوی رهبران کشورهای مسلمان، با لقب «سفیر فرهنگی اسلام» خوانده می شود.
او پس از اتمام تحصیلات و خدمت سربازی در ایران، در سال 1967، به ایالات متحده آمریکا نقل مکان کرد و در آنجا به تحصیلات خود ادامه داد. خلیلی در نهایت در سال 1978 در انگلستان اقامت گزید. خلیلی به خاطر داشتن مجموعه ای از آثار هنری شهرت یافته است.
بخش عمده دارایی های او را مجموعه ای از آثار هنری ایرانی و اسلامی تشکیل می دهد، که بالغ بر 20 هزار شیء هنری و عتیقه جات را شامل می شود. خلیلی از سال 1970، تحت نظارت شرکت «اعتماد خانواده خلیلی»، شش مورد از بهترین و جامع ترین کلکسیون های هنری جهان را جمع آوری کرده که شامل هنر جهان اسلام (2000-700)، هنر ژاپنی از دوره میجی (1912-1868)، 300 سال از کیمونو ژاپنی (2000- 1700)، منسوجات سوئدی (1900 - 1700)، فلزکاری های اسپانیایی (1900-1850) و میناکاری جهان (2000-1700) می شوند.
این شش مجموعه در کل 25 هزار اثر را شامل می شوند. هر یک از این شش مجموعه بر اساس مرغوبیت آنها، بزرگ ترین و جامع ترین کلکسیون های جهان هستند. مجموعه هنر اسلامی خلیلی تا 20 هزار آیتم افزایش یافته که در نوع خود بزرگ ترین کلکسیون جهان به شمار می آید.
خلیلی بر اساس فهرست ساندی تایمز در سال ۲۰۰۷ پنجمین ثروتمند ایرانی در بریتانیا شناخته شده است.
ساندی تایمز ارزش کلکسیون خلیلی را ۵۰۰ میلیون پوند تخمین زده که البته خلیلی خود ارزش کلکسیون هایش را بالاتر از یک میلیارد پوند می داند. علاوه بر این، خلیلی مدیر دو شرکت سودآور بوده و در بازار املاک نیز فعالیت می کند.
حسن خسروشاهی
حسن خسروشاهی (متولد ۱۳۱۹ در تهران) کارآفرین کانادایی ایرانی تبار است که اصالتاً اهل خسروشهر از توابع استان آذربایجان شرقی است. خسروشاهی دارای دو مدرک در رشته های حقوق و اقتصاد از دانشگاه تهران است. پس از انقلاب ایران خانواده خسروشاهی به کانادا مهاجرت کرد.
خسروشاهی در سال 1981 در ونکوور اقامت گزید و یک سال بعد در سال 1982، فروشگاه های زنجیره ای الکترونیکی به نام «فیوچر شاپ» را تاسیس کرد. این زنجیره بعداً در اواخر دهه 1980 و اوایل دهه 1990 در سراسر غرب کانادا و انتاریو گسترش یافت.
در سال 2006، این خرده فروشی با 118 فروشگاه در تمام 10 استان کانادا فعال بود. این خرده فروشی پس از تلاش نافرجامی که برای توسعه در ایالات متحده آمریکا داشت، که حدود یک دهه به طول انجامید، تمام فروشگاه های ایالات متحده آن در سال 1999 بسته شدند.
در مارس 2001، شرکت بست بای، مستقر در آمریکا، فروشگاه فیوچرز خسروشاهی را به قیمت 580 میلیون دلار (دلار کانادا) تصاحب کرد. در آوریل 2007، خسروشاهی رئیس هیات امنای موسسه فریزر شد. او هلدینگ پرسیس را در سال 1981 تاسیس کرد.
این هلدینگ، سرمایه گذاری های قابل توجهی در کسب و کار خرده فروشی، املاک و مستغلات و داروسازی در کانادا و ایالات متحده کرده است. خسروشاهی همچنین عضو کمیته اجرایی شورای کسب و کار بریتیش کلمبیا، و از اعضای هیات مدیره صندوق موقوفه ایگ لیدینگ است. در سال 2012، ارزش خالص دارایی های خسروشاهی 940 میلیون دلار برآورد شده بود. ث
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obia, your therapist will classify your phobia as one of three types: a specific phobia, such as a fear of spiders, a social phobia, such as anxiety in social situations, or agoraphobia, the fear of being in public places without escape. After categorizing your particular phobia, your mental health professional may employ behavior therapy, which involves desensitization and changing how you respond to the fearful stimuli. The doctor may also prescribe medication, such as beta-blockers, to support your recovery. Regardless of what you fear, there is help out there, so if you’re struggling to overcome a phobia, a McKinney counselor can set you on the right path!
Photo by: Harvey Barrison<|endoftext|>"In tutti i paesi, le ferrovie sono utilizzate per il trasporto e nel nostro paese, inoltre, per il furto".
"Aveva a disposizione una forza enorme: testardaggine di stupidità."
"Ci sono legioni di tomboy che hanno uno" stato "nelle loro lingue, e nei loro pensieri hanno una torta con un riempimento burocratico".
"Volevo qualcosa: non la costituzione, non lo storione con rafano, o strappare qualcuno".
"È permesso, quando incontro con le autorità, esprimere il piacere provato da questi gesti educati e rispettosi".
"Non abbiamo vie di mezzo: o nel muso, o per favore vieni con una penna!"
"Uno scrittore il cui cuore non ha sofferto di tutti i dolori della società in cui opera, difficilmente può rivendicare in letteratura un valore superiore a quello mediocre e molto transitorio".
"La letteratura è stata rimossa dalle leggi della corruzione. Lei sola non riconosce la morte. "
"Se una persona inizia a sorprendersi con la Santa Russia, rimarrà sbalordito dalla sorpresa, e così fino alla morte con un pilastro e si alzerà in piedi".
"La donna russa è sempre la stessa: in città e nel villaggio è sempre alla ricerca di qualcosa, una specie di spillo perso, e in nessun modo può tacere che trovare questo spillo possa salvare il mondo."
"Quando e quale burocrate non era convinto che la Russia sia una torta alla quale puoi liberamente avvicinarti e fare uno spuntino?"
"Nelle parole" Non ho notato nulla "c'è già tutta una reputazione che non permetterà in alcun modo a una persona di immergersi nell'abisso dell'oscurità assoluta".
"Non è ancora niente in Europa che un rublo sia dato per un rublo, sarà peggio se lo diano in faccia per il nostro rublo".
"Tutti i grandi scrittori e pensatori erano fantastici perché hanno parlato delle basi".
"Il soggetto costante della mia attività letteraria è stata una protesta contro l'arbitrarietà, la menzogna, la predazione, il tradimento, la spensieratezza e così via: rovisto quanto vuoi in tutta la massa della mia scrittura, ti garantisco, non troverai nient'altro.
"Ci sono persone che colpiscono i persiani morti con le mani morte, che chiamano il suono della vittoria e ascoltano il suono della vittoria!" E le cavità aperte guardano attorno invece degli occhi: chi non bussa a Percy e ...?.
"La letteratura in tutto il mondo non è valutata sulla base dei suoi campioni nasali, ma sulla base di quelli dei suoi leader che guidano realmente la società in avanti".<|endoftext|>bursa'nın mudanya ilçesine bağlı tarihi evlerin bulunduğu deniz kenarında turistik bir belde.
kredi kartı furyasının sebep olduğu; world, bonus, axess vb.. kredi kartılarının şuna buna taksit yaptık, şu taksiti şu zamana aktardık şeklindeki dertlerini gazetelerden, dergilerden ve televizyonlardan alel acele hazırlanmış ve kocaman kocaman reklamlarla duyurmak istemeleri sonucu oluşan durum.
Ennio Morricone tarafından yapılan ve "iyi Kötü Çirkin" filmi'nin finalinde "altın sarhoşluğuna" düşmüş olan Çirkin'in altınları bulmak için ordan oraya koşuşturması esnasında çalan müziktir. Çirkin'in (Tuco, Eli Wallach) içinde bulunduğu durumu açıklarcasına "altın sarhoşluğu" anlamına gelir.
yeni şeyler getiriyorum<|endoftext|>NFTA 91-05, July 1991
A quick guide to useful nitrogen fixing trees from around the world
Known as swamp she-oak in its native Australia, Casuarina glauca grows in difficult, saline sites inhospitable to many other trees. This Casuarina has been planted in agroforestry systems primarily as a windbreak but also in woodlots for fuelwood and reserve fodder.
Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. (family Casuarinaceae) is a medium-sized tree 10-15 m tall, occasionally reaching 25 m, with an often buttressed and fluted main stem. The dense crowns of plantation- grown trees become sparse to narrow in free-growing trees (Midgley et al. 1983). The jointed, green, cylindrical branchlets, which serve as leaves for casuarinas, are much coarser, thicker, and longer (1 diameter, 30-60 cm long) than those of C. equisetifolia or C. cunninghamiana. The length of the internodes on branchlets averages 15 mm. The reduced, true leaves appear as teeth at the nodes and vary in number from 12-16, occasionally to 20.
C. glauca is dioecious; male and female trees occur in approximately 1:1 ratios in natural stands. Male flowers appear as 4-7 cm long, light-green spikes. Female flowers are sma dark red, and inconspicuous. Males trees flower at 2-3 years of age and female trees produce fruits one year later. Trees fruit mainly in autumn, except in plantations (for example, in Egypt), where trees produce crops in both autumn and spring.
The cone-like woody fruits vary in size with provenance, ranging from 12 to 16 mm long and 11.5 to 14 mm wide (El-Lakany and Youness 1985). Fruit bracteoles are relatively thin compared to other casuarinas. C. glauca is a prolific cone producer and averages 70 seeds/cone and 1,300,000 seeds/kg (El-Lakany et al. 1989). Closed cones may persist on the tree for more than a year.
Casuarina glauca hybridizes with other casuarina species through open, wind pollination. A hybrid with C. cunningharniana has been reported in Australia and identified in Egypt (Badran et al. 1976), and a hybrid with C. equisetifolia is recognized in USA and Egypt.
Natural distribution is limited to a narrow coastal belt of southeast Australia (23-37o S latitude) with an insular occurrence on Fraser Island. Trees occasionally extend 50-80 km inland. Trees often occur along the edges of tidal reaches and estuaries, intermediary between mangrove swamps and open woodland, and sometimes on or near beach fronts. On swampy sites water tables may be only 30 cm from the surface. Trees usually occur close to sea level but are also found on seasonally moist hillsides near the sea, and up to 900 m elevation in Hawaii. In its native range annual precipitation averages 500 mm; in Hawaii rainfall is as much as 4,000 mm (NAS 1984). Annual temperatures range from 5 to 33oC.
C. glauca is more salt tolerant than other casuarinas (El-Lakany and Luard 1983). Seedlings outgrew eight species in nutrient solutions containing increasing concentrations of NaCl. In these tests both C. glauca and the closely related C. obesa survived 500 mM/1 NaCl–a level close to 3/4 the total salinity of seawater.
C. glauca has proven widely adaptable. In Egypt, trees grow on clay to coarse smd, saline to calcareous, and dry to water-logged soils. Trees grow on very dry sites with saline soils in Israel and flowish on limestone soils in Florida, USA. In Hawaii, trees have been planted on parent basalt. C. glauca has also been successfully planted in Kenya, India, Malaw@ and South Africa.
SILVICULTURE: No seed pretreatment is required. Turnbull and Martensz (1982) recommend temperatures of 20-25oC and El-Lakany and Shepherd (1983) recommend 30oC to germinate C. glauca seed. Seed stores well up to eight months at room temperature (El- Lakany et al. 1990). Seed for experimental purposes is available from the Australian Tree Seed Centre, (Div. Forestry and Forest Products, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia), the Desert Development Center (AUC, P.O. Box 2511, Cairo, Egypt), and NITA.
Wide intraspecific variation for certain characteristics has been reported for C. glauca (El-Lakany and Shepherd 1983). Early results of provenance trials in Egypt and elsewhere suggest substantial growth gains are possible through use of proper seed sources. In an irrigated plantation on the desert fringes in Egypt, height growth varied by a factor of two among nine provenances (El-Lakany and Youness 1985). Biomass productivity of 12-year-old irrigated plantations was estimated at 496 t/ha of which wood volume was 294 m3/ha (Megahed and El-Lakany 1986). Provenance testing is underway in California, USA for frost tolerance (Merwin 1990). Irrigation is required to establish trees in desert areas.
SYMBIOSIS. C. glauca forms a symbiosis with actinomyeetes of the genus Frankia.. Spherical woody nodules, some exceeding 20 cm in diameter, are found in large masses near the base of the trunk and as deep as 10 m. Root nodules have been observed on trees in natural stands and on trees in plantations growing on very saline or water-logged sites. The greatest number of nodules are found in soils with pH ranging from 6-8.
For Casuarina species, N-fixation is greatest when species are inoculated and when inoculated with nodules from the same species (Reddell and Bowen 1985, Reddell 1990). Crushed nodules or soil from beneath mature trees can be used to inoculate nursery seedlings. Under conditions of high soil salinity, drought or water- logging, C. glauca exhibited more efficient N-fixation than C. cunninghamiana (El-Lakany 1987). Inoculum is available from CSIRO, Davies Lab, PMB, Aikenvale, QLD 4814, Australia.
USES. Shelterbelts: C. glauca finds its best use in shelterbelts, windbreaks, and amenity plantings around settlements. The trees are wind-firm and show rapid early growth. In parts of North Africa and the Middle Fast, especially in water-scarce areas, they are preferred to eucalypts for plantings. Windbreaks are planted 2-3 rows wide. Like other casuarinas, trees can be coppiced to form dense hedges. The low branching habit and extensive litter production help reduce soil erosion. Trees have also been used successfully to stabilize stream banks and shifting sand dunes.
Wood: The most universal use of casuarina is for fuel. The wood has a high calorific value (about 5,000 Kcal/kg) and tends to burn slowly with little smoke or ash. Branches, branchlets, and other litter also burn well. Casuarina wood makes excellent charcoal. Wood is reddish-brown, tough, and fissile with a density ranging from 662 (El-Lakany 1983) to 980 (Midgley et al. 1983) kg/m3. Timber is used for handles, fence raus, rafters, shingles, stakes, small sea-water piles, for flooring and turnery, and in Egypt, with some technical difficulty, for particle board. The timber does not season readily and has a tendency to warp.
Other Uses: Cattle, sheep and goats will graze C. glauca seedlings, suckers, and branchiets. The ground foliage has been included as an ingredient in chicken feed (El-Deek et al. 1988). Foliage contains 9% crude protein, 37% crude fiber, and 37% total digestible nutrients (Omran and Nour 1980).
C. glauca has potential for use in wide-row intercropping and, contrary to common belief, has been found to increase yields of crops sheltered (El-Sayed et al. 1983). Farmers usually dig a ditch between the crop and trees to minimize competition for water and nutrients. An excellent shade tree, it is planted along streets in many and zone cities. Like other casuarinas, the dense canopy and slow-to-decompose litter severely inhibit understory plant growth.
PROBLEMS AND PESTS. Prolific production of root suckers lends C. glauca a serious potential for weediness, especially in humid areas. It is considered a pest in Florida and the Hawaiian isles (NAS 1984). In and areas such as Egypt it has generally not become a weed, although it can spread along water courses. The tree itself is almost pest-free except for Stromatium fulvum, a wood borer which makes the stem susceptible to wind-damage and rot.
El-Lakany, M.H. and KR. Shepherd. 1983. Variation in seed germinability, seedling growth, and biomass between provenances of Casuarina cuunninghamiana Miq. and C. glauca Siev. Forest Management and Ecology 6:201-216.
El-Lakany M.H., J.W. Turnbull, and J.L. Brewbaker (eds). 1990. Advances in Casuarina research and utilization. Proc.
2nd Internat. Casuarina Workshop, Jan. 15-20, 1990, Desert Development Ctr., Cairo, Egypt.
El-Sayad, A.B., T.A. Omran, and A.E. Khalil. 1983 Biomass characteristics of young casuarina plantations in northwestern region of Egypt. Alex J. Agric. Res. 31:411-422.
Megahed, M.H. and M.H. El-Lakany. 1986. Biomass characteristics of young Casuarina plantaions in northwestern region of Egypt. Alex J. Agric. Res. 31:411-422.
Midgley, S.J., J.W. Turnbull, and R.D. Johnston (eds). 1983. Casuarina ecology, management, and utilization. Proceedings of an international workshop, Canberra, Australia. CSIRO, Melbourne. 286 p.
NAS (National Academy of Sciences). 1984. Casuarinas: Nitrogen-fixing trees for adverse sites. Innovations in tropical reforestation. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 118 p.
Reddell, P. and G.D. Bowen. 1985. Frankia source affects growth, modulation and nitrogen fixation in Casuarina species. New Phytol. 100:115-122.
Turnbull, J.W. and P.N. Martensz. 1982. Seed production, collection and germination in Casuarinaceae. Austr. For. Res. 12:281-294.
Written by M. H. El-Lakany, Managing Director, Desert Development Center, The American University in Cairo, 113, Sharia Kasr el Aini, Cairo, Egypt, and NFTA staff
A publication of the Forest, Farm, and Community Tree Network (FACT Net)<|endoftext|>100$
Çocukluk döneminde herkesin yazdığı küçük mektuplar var. İşte böyle çocukca yazılmış ilginç bir mektup.
Amerika’da yaşayan bir çocuğun 100 dolara ihtiyaci olur. Bu paraya kavuşmak için bakın hangi yolu izler…
Bu 100 dolara sahip olabilmek icin günlerce, gecelerce dua eder. Sonunda ulaşamayınca Tanri’ya mektup yazmaya karar verir. Amerikan Posta idaresi, üstünde yazili adres olarak sadece “Tanri, ABD” olan mektubu Bay Başkan’a vermeye karar verir. Başkan mektubu alınca çok hoşlanır, çok duygulanir fakat 100 dolar yerine 5 dolar koyar. 5 doların küçük bir çocuk için yeterli olacağını düşünür. Çocuk gerçekten de 5 dolara sahip olmakla tatmin olur ve Tanri’ya tesekkür mektubu yazmaya koyulur:
“Sevgili Tanrım, parayı yolladığın için teşekkürler. Ama mektubu Beyaz Saray üzerinden yollamışsın ve tabii her zamanki gibi oradaki P…. de 95 dolarini kesip silah almış olmalı. Bana 5 dolar ulaştı. Yine de tesekkürler.”<|endoftext|>
河北治白癜风的偏方,海南根治白癜风的设备,北京大好的白癜风医院,吉林白癜风能治愈吗,山东治疗白癜风的医院,湖北白癜风能治好吗,江西能治白癜风的西医
虎扑6月14日讯 据《今日美国》记者Sam Amick报道，此前有报道称，今年的总冠军勇士可能会跳过例行的白宫拜访之旅。
在总决赛第五场比赛之前，勇士前锋安德烈-伊格达拉就谈到了这件事。
“也许特朗普不会邀请我们，我们也不会去，或者我们什么也不说，不去重视，他也不去重视，然后我们各走各路，”伊格达拉说道，“我也许会打电话给他说：‘如果记者问起来，就说我们的行程冲突就行。’然后，如果你们写什么新闻，我们会说是假新闻。”
“无论我们的领袖（库里）做什么，我们都会照做，”伊格达拉说道，“我认为我们可以解决好白宫这件事，我的意思是，情况或许会和之前不一样，在那里面发生的事情或许会和之前不一样，这是很现实的事情，对吗？所以，你不知道到底会发生什么。”
当被问及是否会投票赞成前往白宫时，伊格达拉毫不犹豫给出了否定的答案：“当然不会。”
谈及美国社会中存在的种族歧视问题，伊格达拉说道，“我们都知道这事正在变得越来越糟糕，我认为这是因为忽视，大众的忽视，不是说人们没意识到这个问题，只是他们不想就此发表观点，因为他们不想和它扯上
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adolescence is likely to have broad health and social benefits,” they concluded.
Smith echoed that idea: “I don’t really care if you smoke at 35,” she said, “but don’t do it when you’re 13 because you’re just setting yourself up for failure.”<|endoftext|>I have been struggling with programming more lesson plans for Aerie. I was trying to find some age appropriate learning exercises for her that would build on things she already knows. We have been working on number patterning and counting a lot lately, and I found that she was having some difficulty in forming different numbers with her fingers. She sometimes uses her inactive hand to help push her fingers down on the hand she is using. I have to remember that she is only two years old, so I don’t think this is a developmental delay or anything, but of course it got me to thinking how I can help her improve.
To work on improving this area, I’m turning to Sign Language. What better way to work on her fine motor skill development than to start to learn a whole new language. I started looking online for basic signs, and educated myself with the “first 100 words,” then went on to teaching her a few. She is really eager to learn, and she’s really working hard to get the motions down. After working on these for a few days now, I already see an improvement in her using her inactive hand less to help form the words with her active hand. It’s great to see her really trying to get the signs just right. I think this will be great practice with hand formations, and I feel like it’s the perfect fit to also learn something new. Plus, now I have a whole new curriculum to play with for lesson planning instead of being up in the air with what I’m doing.
We started with colors and other basics like family members. I’m really excited to teach her to sign the alphabet, I think she’ll have a lot of fun with that. I just didn’t want to jump into it too quickly with starting with the alphabet. I’m also excited to get into the animals, too.
The internet is a wonderful thing. You can find many free resources. If you’re interested, this is the site I used to learn Basic ASL: First 100 Words. The site is really basic, but they give great explanations on how to move your hands to form the words. American Sign Language also has a great DVD for kids.<|endoftext|>mercoledì 13 maggio 2015
THOMAS PIKETTY:"Non sempre i debiti vanno pagati"
Piketty ha fatto degli esempi precisi,certo noi dopo il divorzio Banca d'Italia-Tesoro, siamo schiavi della speculazione finanziaria. Rifiutare di pagare il debito però non risolve tutti i problemi e non riduce le disuguaglianze.Il miglior esempio possibile sono gli Usa dove il debito non lo pagano ma anche il paese con piu disuguaglianze.
da LA REPUBBLICA del 9 maggio 2015
Per alcuni,la risposta è ovvia:i debiti vanno sempre pagati,non c'è alternativa alla penitenza,sopratutto quando è incisa nel marmo dei trattati europei.Eppure,un rapido colpo d'occhio alla storia del debito pubblico,soggetto appassionante quanto ingiustamente trascurato,mostra che le cose sono molto piu complesse di cosi.
Prima buona notizia: in passato ci sono stati casi di debiti pubblici ancora piu importanti di quelli che osserviamo ora,e si è sempre riusciti a trovare una soluzione,facendo ricorso a una grande varietà di metodi,che possiamo suddividere cosi: da una parte il metodo lento,che punta ad accumulare pazientemente surplus di bilancio per rimborsare poco a poco prima gli interessi e poi il capitale del debito in questione.Dall'altra parte una serie di metodi che puntano ad accelerare il processo:inflazione,imposte eccezionali,puri e semplici annullamenti del debito.Un caso particolarmente interessante è quello della Germania e della Francia,che nel 1945 si ritrovarono con un debito pubblico di dimensioni pari a due anni di Pil (il 200% del Pil),un livello ancora piu elevato del debito pubblico che affligge oggi la Grecia o l'Italia.All'inizio degli anni 50',questo debito era ridisceso a meno del 30% del Pil.E' evidente che una riduzione così rapida non sarebbe mai stata stata possibile solo attraverso un lento accumulo di surplus di bilancio.Al contrario: i due Paesi utilizzarono il surplus di bilancio.Al contrario:i due Paesi utilizzarono tutta la vasta casistica dei metodi rapidi,L'inflazione ,molto alta su entrambe le sponde del Reno fra il 1945 e il 1950,fu l'elemento centrale.
Attualmente la Grecia avrebbe un lieve avanzo primario:in altre parole,i greci pagano di tasse leggermente piu di quello che ricevono sotto forma di spesa pubblica.Secondo gli accordi europei del 2012,la Grecia dovrebbe mantenere per decenni un avanzo colossale del 4% del Pil per rimborsare i suoi debiti.Si tratta di una strategia assurda che la Francia e la Germania,per nostra grande fortuna,non hanno mai applicato a loro stesse.In questa incredibile amnesia storica,la Germania porta chiaramente una pesante responsabilità.Ma simili decisioni non avrebbero mai potuto essere adottate se la Francia si fosse opposta.I governi francesi che si sono succeduti,di destra e poi di sinistra,si sono dimostrati incapaci di valutare adeguatamente la situazione e proporre un'autentica rifondazione democratica dell'Europa.Con il loro egoismo,la Germania e la Francia maltrattano il Sud dell'Europa,e al tempo stesso si maltrattano da sole.
Con un debito pubblico che si avvicina al 100% del pil,un'inflazione nulla e una crescita fiacca,questi due Paesi impiegheranno anch'essi decenni prima di ritrovare la capacità di agire e investire nel futuro.La cosa piu assurda è che i debiti europei del 2015 sono essenzialmente debiti interni,come per altro quelli del 1945.Certo,la quota di titoli di stato detenuti da altri Paesi dell'Eurozona ha raggiunto proporzioni senza precedenti:i risparmiatori delle banche francesi detengono una parte del debito tedesco e italiano;le istituzioni finanziarie tedesche e italiane possiedono una bella fetta del debito francese;e via discorrendo.Ma se si guarda alla zona euro in generale,allora possiamo dire che il debito è tutto nelle nostre mani.Non solo:deteniamo piu attività finanziarie noi fuori dalla zona euro che il resto del mondo nella zona euro.
Invece di impiegare decenni per rimborsare il nostro debito a noi stessi,spetta a noi,e a noi soltanto,organizzarli in un altro modo.<|endoftext|>|Share this story:|
MessageToEagle.com – Astronomers using the Smithsonian’s Submillimeter Array (SMA), have been able to provide the first clear view of W49A, an active site of star formation that shines 100 times brighter than the Orion nebula.
The region is so obscured by dust that very little visible or infrared light escapes.
The SMA showed that central 30 light-years of W49A is several hundred times denser than the average molecular cloud in the Milky Way. In total, the nebula contains about 1 million suns’ worth of gas, mostly molecular hydrogen.
“We were amazed by all the features we saw in the SMA images,” says lead author Roberto Galván-Madrid, who conducted this research at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) and the European Southern Observatory (ESO).
|W49A is located about 36,000 light-years from Earth, on the opposite side of the Milky Way.It’s a place of vigorous star formation seen in so-called “starburst” galaxies, where stars form 100 times faster than in our galaxy. The gaseous filaments in W49A form three big streamers, which funnel star-building material inward at speeds of about 4,500 miles per hour (2 km/sec).
The heart of W49A holds a giant yet surprisingly compact star cluster that might remain intact for billions of years.
About 100,000 stars already exist within a space only 10 light-years on a side. In contrast, fewer than 10 stars lie within 10 light-years of our Sun.
In a few million years, the giant star cluster in W49A will be almost as crowded as a globular cluster.<|endoftext|>《赵氏孤儿》的故事为众人所熟知，其最早记载于《左传》、《史记》；后由元杂剧作家纪君祥创作《冤抱冤赵氏孤儿》（又名《赵氏孤儿大报仇》），成为中国古代悲剧的典范；今天，它仍被不断地改编为话剧，被拍成电影。赵孤的故事从古至今，众说纷纭，引人入胜，而《赵氏孤儿》还是中国第一部被外传到欧洲，被多位欧洲戏剧家改编，并掀起一阵“东方热”的戏剧。（注：此处外传的版本被认为是由纪君祥创作的元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》）。
2020年8月23日19:00，在浙江图书馆哔哩哔哩公益讲座直播间里，来自浙江大学翻译学研究所的杜磊老师为大家带来了讲座“《赵氏孤儿》在海外的前世今生”。
赵孤“旅欧”的故事开始于明朝末年。法国传教士普雷马（Joseph Henri Prémare）在中国传教，并习得汉字，精通中国文学与哲学思想。出于个人喜好，他将《赵氏孤儿》（部分）翻译成了法语L‘Orphelin de la Maison de Tchao，并于1735年刊登在由法国人Jean Baptiste Du Halde主编的《描述中国》（Description de la Chine）上。而正是这本书，把中国赵孤的故事带到了欧洲多地，并被译成了法语、英语和意大利语三种语言（另有学者认为德国文学家、思想家歌德也改编了《赵氏孤儿》，但争议较大，此处暂不讨论），并掀起了一阵“中国热”。
杜老师在直播中为大家娓娓道来,带领大家回到18世纪，探寻这部中国名剧的第一位译者——耶稣会传教士马若瑟在1731年迻译此剧的心路历程和当时法译本的语言形态。概述马若瑟至今的289年内，《赵氏孤儿》在海外译介与传播史上的每一次“高光时刻”，并将重点分析2012年詹姆斯·芬顿改编《赵氏孤儿》在当代西方社会所产生的戏剧跨文化价值，及其折射出的对人类生存意义的探索与思考。
共有近5000人在线观看了本次讲座直播。<|endoftext|>به گزارش شستون
؛ جواد سالارزهی در گفت وگو با عصرهامون
افزود: در روز دوم ثبت نام تعداد ۱۷ نفر با مراجعه به مراکز حوزه های انتخابیه استان برای یازدهمین دوره انتخابات مجلس شورای اسلامی ثبت نام کرده اند.
جواد سالارزهی ادامه داد: همچنین در اولین روز نام نویسی هم ۱۶ نفر در شش حوزه انتخابیه ثبت نام کرده بودند.
وی خاطرنشان کرد:حداقل مدرک تحصیلی مورد نیاز برای ثبت نام کارشناسی ارشد می باشد و افراد تا 16آذرماه مهلت دارند به مراکز ثبت نام مراجعه کرده و نام نویسی کنند.
بر پایه گزارش خبرنگاران ما در حوزه های مختلف، تاکنون از میان چهره های شاخص تنها در شهرستان خاش علی کرد نماینده حال حاضر مجلس در روز اول، حضور مجدد خود را اعلام کرده است.
همچنین پشنگ ریگی که سابقه حضور در مجالس هفتم، هشتم و نهم را داشته اما در مجلس دهم علیرغم کاندیداتوری صلاحیتش تایید نشد و از عرصه رقابت باز ماند نیز از حوزه انتخابیه خاش ثبت نام خود را قطعی کرده است.
بر اساس تجربیات سال های گذشته احتمال می رود که چهره های شاخص و سرشناس از جمله دیگر نمایندگان حال حاضر مجلس شورای اسلامی در روزهای آخر و دقایق پایانی نسبت به ثبت نام در انتخابات اقدام کنند.
انتهای پیام/<|endoftext|>|Home | About | Journals | Submit | Contact Us | Français|
Although soil contains only traces of soluble carbohydrates, plant roots take up glucose and sucrose efficiently when supplied in artificial media. Soluble carbohydrates and other small metabolites found in soil are in part products from exudation from plant roots. The molecular nature of the transporters for uptake and exudation is unknown. Here, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) glucose and sucrose sensors were used to characterize accumulation and elimination of glucose and sucrose in Arabidopsis roots tips. Using an improved image acquisition set-up, FRET responses to perfusion with carbohydrates were detectable in roots within less than 10 sec and over a wide concentration range. Accumulation was fully reversible within 10-180 sec after glucose or sucrose had been withdrawn; elimination may be caused by metabolism and/or efflux. The rate of elimination was unaffected by pre-incubation with high concentrations of glucose, suggesting that elimination is not due to accumulation in a short-term buffer such as the vacuole. Glucose and sucrose accumulation was insensitive to protonophores, was comparable in media differing in potassium levels, and was similar at pH 5.8, 6.8 and 7.8, suggesting that both influx and efflux may be mediated by proton-independent transport systems. High-resolution expression mapping in root tips showed that only a few proton-dependent transport of the STP (Sugar Transport Protein) and SUT/SUC (Sucrose Transporter/Carrier) families are expressed in the external cell layers of root tips. The root expression maps may help to pinpoint candidate genes for uptake and release of carbohydrates from roots.
Plant roots can absorb many metabolites from the rhizosphere. Plants also secrete a wide spectrum of compounds into the rhizosphere (Walker et al., 2003); for example, 5-21% of photosynthetically fixed carbon may be exported as root exudates (Marschner, 1996). Exudation products include carbohydrates such as pentoses, hexoses, and di- and trisaccharides (Jalali and Suryanarayana, 1971). Reporter-based biosensors have been used to determine the concentrations of sugars and amino acids in soil; the highest abundance of sucrose was found near the tip of Avena roots (Farrar et al., 2003; Jaeger et al., 1999). Exudation appears to be controlled and may be altered, for example during pathogen attack (Walker et al., 2003). Although many plant glucose and sucrose/H+ co-transporters have been identified, the molecular mechanisms responsible for uptake and release and their control are not understood (Lalonde et al., 2004). Identification of efflux transporters would help to advance our understanding of plant/soil interactions, but may also be relevant in the context of phloem loading (efflux from mesophyll or phloem parenchyma cells) and for sucrose efflux from the seed coat for supply of developing embryos (Zhou et al., 2007).
While the efflux of metabolites is difficult to measure, uptake of metabolites into cells or tissues is typically measured using radiotracers. Drawbacks of this approach include the fact that short-term studies with 14C- or 3H-labeled carbohydrates cannot differentiate the products, which are subject to metabolic conversion and compartmentation (see for example Javelle et al., 2005), issues that become even more relevant when analyzing intact tissues as a consequence of exchange between cells. For efflux, vesicles, cells or tissues are pre-loaded with isotopes, but measurements are limited by the amounts of tracer available for efflux.
Genetically encoded molecular nanosensors for metabolites enable analysis of uptake, exchange and release of metabolites in individual cells from intact organs. Moreover, the sensors can be expressed specifically either in the cytosol or targeted to cellular compartments (Chaudhuri et al., 2007). FRET sensors make use of ligand-dependent changes in protein conformation, which are used as a proxy for measuring analyte concentrations. FRET sensors for carbohydrates utilize members of the bacterial periplasmic binding protein superfamily (PBPs) as recognition elements (Tam and Saier, 1993). The conformational change induced by the target molecule, here glucose or sucrose, is converted into a macroscopic observable (emission of fluorescent light) via reporter elements (Lalonde et al., 2005). Reporter elements are sterically separated donor-acceptor FRET pairs of fluorescent proteins; typically GFP spectral variants such as eCFP and eYFP or the more robust Venus variant (Fehr et al., 2002; Miyawaki et al., 1997).
Sugar FRET sensors have been developed for monosaccharides such as arabinose, ribose, glucose and galactose, and disaccharides such as sucrose and maltose (Fehr et al., 2002, 2003; Kaper et al., 2008; Lager et al., 2003, 2006). Glucose nanosensors have been used to measure sugar uptake and homeostasis in living animal cells, and subcellular analyte levels have been determined using nuclear- or ER-targeted versions (Fehr et al., 2004, 2005; Okumoto et al., 2005). Optimized versions of the glucose nanosensors have also been used to analyze the contribution of individual members of the human GLUT glucose transporter family to glucose uptake in mammalian cells using siRNA inhibition (Takanaga et al., 2008).
In plants, a series of FRET glucose sensors have been used to measure steady-state glucose levels in the cytosol of epidermal leaf cells as well as intact roots of soil-grown plants (Deuschle et al., 2006). The results showed that, under the conditions tested, root glucose levels in the absence of external supply are significantly lower compared to leaf epidermis. The glucose gradient across the plasma membrane in both cell types was much steeper than expected, and no evidence of tight homeostatic control was seen. The sucrose nanosensor has not previously been used in vivo. Here, an
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person, they would receive their freedom. The owner of such a freed slave would be compensated at a price considered fair by the public and the owner of any slave killed during an invasion would also receive compensation. Slaves that were wounded in service and were disabled to the degree that they could not serve their masters would also be set free and the master compensated. The act also made it lawful for slave owners to arm and equip their slaves in the same manner as other persons and to see that they appeared at musters and alarms.26
What came out of this legislation was a chance for slaves to demonstrate that they could be trusted with weapons and be trusted by their white owners. The General Assembly, however, believed in the black population 27
and over the next ten years they passed several acts that would acknowledge their involvement.
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- Jesse J. Johnson, A Pictorial History of Black Servicemen, 1619-1970 (Hampton, VA: Hampton Institute, 1970), 59.
- Benjamin Quarles, The Negro in the Making of America (New York: Macmillan Co., 1987), 8.
- Thomas R. Frazier, ed. Afro-American History: Primary Sources (Chicago: The Dorsey Press, 1988), vii.
- David F. Trask, “The ‘New Military History’ and Army Historians,” The Army Historian 5 (Fall 1984): 7-8.
- Peter H. Wood, Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina From 1670 through the Stono Rebellion (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1974), 13-14.
- Jeffrey J. Crow, Paul D. Escott, and Flora J. Hatley, A History of African Americans in North Carolina (Raleigh: North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 1992), 1.
- Alexander S. Salley, Narratives of Early Carolina, 1650-1708 (New York: Scribner’s, 1911), 57-61; Wood, Black Majority, 16; and Wright, Colonial Era, 63.
- William L. Saunders, ed., The Colonial Records of North Carolina (Raleigh: The State of North Carolina, 1886 – 1890), 1:204; and Wright, Colonial Era, 63.
- The year 1691, is considered to be the separation date of North and South Carolina because the Proprietors allowed Phillip Ludwell to appoint a deputy for North Carolina. The Proprietors had not wished this to be the end of the Carolinas and had hoped that the colony would once again be governed by a single Parliament in Charles Town and instead held their own Parliamentary meetings. In 1712, the Proprietors appointed Governors to North Carolina and thus allowed for the two colonies to officially separate. Robert M. Weir, Colonial South Carolina – A History (New York: KTO Press, 1983), 68n.
- Kenneth Coleman, The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia: Trustees’ Letter Book, 1738-1745 (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1985), 30:175.
- Ibid., 30:109, 285.
- Kenneth Coleman, The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia: Trustees’ Letter Book, 1742-1752 (Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1986), 32:144.
- Ibid, 32:144-146.
- Kolchin, American Slavery, 1619-1877, 26.
- Daniel J. Boorstin, The Americans: The Colonial Experience (New York: Vintage Books, 1958), 355.
- John W. Shy, “A New Look at Colonial Militia,” William and Mary Quarterly. 3rd ser., 20 (April 1963): 175-85.
- Saunders, The Colonial Records of North Carolina, 1:31.
- Ibid., 1:112.
- Ibid., 1:205.
- South Carolina Historical Society, Collections, vol. 5, The Shaftesbury Papers (Charles Town: South Carolina Historical Society, 1897), 337; and A. S. Salley, Journal of the Grand Council of South Carolina, April 25, 1671-June 24, 1680 (Columbia, 1907), 31, 81.
- Ibid., 36-37.
- Weir, Colonial South Carolina, 67.
- Weir, Colonial South Carolina, 81.
- On March 1, 1701, the General Assembly passed an Act to raise the value of all gold and silver coins used in the province. The Act stipulated that all pieces of silver including “Spanish pieces of eight, Mexico, Seville, pillar, weighing 12 penny weight, made current at 5s.; Single Ryals (Royals) at 7.5d.; English Crowns, at 12 ryals; and French Crowns, at 10.5 ryals.” Thomas Cooper and David McCord, The Statutes at Large South Carolina (Columbia: A.S. Johnston, 1836-1841), 9:779. According to Thomas Nairne, in 1710 one Spanish Royal was still worth 7.5d. Jack P. Greene, ed., Selling a New World: Two South Carolina Promotional Pamphlets (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1875), 57. Based on this information, blacks without a trade were paid approximately 1 shilling and 4.25 pence, those with a trade 1 shilling and 7.5 pence nearly half the pay of their overseers. In English currency it takes twelve pence (d.) to equal on shilling (s.) and twenty shillings to equal one pound (**).
- Cooper and McCord, Statutes at Large, 7:31-32.
- Morris J. McGregor and Bernard Nalty, Blacks in the United States Armed Forces: Basic Documents (Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources, 1977), 3-4.
- See Appendix Table 2 for the population of Blacks in South Carolina in 1700.
- Woodward, The Negro in the Military Service, 26-26d.
- W. Noel Sainsbury, Records in the British Public Record Office Relating to South Carolina, 1663-1782 (Atlanta and Columbia, 1928-47), 5:167. Wood, Black Majority, questions whether or not this person was placed on lookout or whether he was an early riser and a fast runner. It would seem, however, that with the passage of the 1704 Act which employed trustworthy slaves, that this particular person was probably a lookout, 125. Wood is correct in his assumption that the black man’s correct status is uncertain.
- Wilkes, “Missing Pages in American History”, 10.
- Verner Winslow Crane, The Southern Frontier, 1670-1732 (Philadelphia: The Seeman Press, 1929), 91.
- Cooper and McCord, Statutes at large, 7:349; and Woodward, The Negro in the Military Service, 26.
- H. Roy Merrens, ed. The Colonial South Carolina Scene: Contemporary Views, 1697-1774 (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1977), 32. By this account there were approximately 2260 whites and 4100 slaves, nearly a 2 to 1 ratio.
- The term “cattle-hunter” was used to refer to those slaves who were in charge of the province of their master’s cattle. Kenneth W. Porter, “Negroes on the Southern Frontier,, 1670-1763,” Journal of Negro History 33 (1948), 54.
- Crane, The Southern Frontier, 91. Thomas Nairne describe the “Defence of the Colony in 1710:
. . . our Laws oblige every Male Person from 16 to 60 Years of Age, to bear Arms, who are all under their Captains, Majors, and Colonels, by whom they are duly exercis’d once in two Months. . . . Every one among us is versed in Arms, from the Governor to the meanest Servant, and are all so far from thinking it below them, that most People take Delight in military Affairs, and think no body so fit to defend their Properties as themselves. . . . There are likewise enrolled in our Militia, a considerable Number of active, able, Negro Slaves; and the Law gives every one of those his freedom, who in time of an invasion, kills an Enemy; the Publik making Satisfaction to his Master for the Damage sustained by the Slave’s Manumission. Greene, Selling A New World, 52-53
- Merrens, The Colonial South Carolina Scene, 32-33; and Wood, Black Majority, 126.
- Weir, Colonial South Carolina, 83-85.
- Governor Craven estimated the white male population to be about 1500 and that they had enlisted approximately “two hundred stout negro men.” Sounders, Colonial Records of North Carolina, 2:178; and Craven, The Southern Frontier, 171.
- Saunders, Colonial Records of North Carolina, 2:203, 253-254.
- Frank J, Klingberg, ed. The Carolina Chronicle of Dr. Francis Le Jau, 1706-1717 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1956), 155, 161. Le Jau also mentions in one of his letters “I must not forget to mention that the poor Negroe Men whom I had the Comfort to Baptize did behave themselves bravely & to Admiration upon all occasions.” Ibid., 165.
- Wood, Black Majority, 128; and Klingberg, The Carolina Chronicle, 176.
- Woodward, The Negro in the Military Service, 29.
- While not enlisting in the militia, in 1735, freemen and slaves were paid 50 for killing Tuscarora Indian and 60 for taking one alive. Restrictions on firearms possession and travel of slaves, however, prevented many from obtaining the bounties.
- Quarles, “The Colonial Militia and Negro Manpower,” 649.
- Fitzhugh McMaster, Soldiers and Uniforms: South Carolina Military Affairs, 1670-1775 (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1971), 13.; and Wood, Black Majority, 308-326.
- J. Harold Easterby and Ruth S. Green, eds., The Colonial Records of South Carolina, 1st ser,: The Journal of the Commons House of Assembly, 1736-1750 (Columbia: Historical Commission of South Carolina, 1951-62), 2:175-178, 195, 309, 420.
- South Carolina Historical Society, Collections, vol. 4, Report of the Committee Appointed by the General Assembly of South Carolina in 1740, on the St. Augustin Expedition under General Oglethorpe (Charles Town: South Carolina Historical Society, 1887), 24-32.
- At the outbreak of the Tuscarora War in 1711 the North Carolina militia was unprepared in the event of an actual invasion. This lack of preparedness nearly devastated the colony and if aid had not arrived from South Carolina the North Carolina colonists would have been wiped out. E. Milton Wheeler, “Development and Organization of the North Carolina Militia”, North Carolina Historical Review 41 (Summer 1964), 308-318.
- Saunders, The Colonial Records of North Carolina, 3:90, 112.
- The 1747 act continued for five years, the 1753 act for two years and the 1759 act for five years.
- Woodward, The Negro in the Military Service, 36.
- Ibid., 36a-36b.
- Ibid., 36e.
- Porter, “Negroes on the Southern Frontier,” 55-56.
- Morton, Colonial Virginia, 2:524, 525.
- Lefler and Powell, Colonial North Carolina, 138-48.
- Woodward, The Negro in the Military Service, 1:46
- Greene, Settlements to Society, 238.
- Ibid., 239.
- Percentages are rounded to the nearest tenth. Percentages are based on the figures given in Table 1 and 2.
Boorstin, Daniel J. The Americans: The Colonial Experience.
New York: Vintage Books, 1958.
Coleman, Kenneth, ed. The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia: Trustees' Letter Book, 1738-1745.
Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1985.
Coleman, Kenneth, ed. The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia: Trustees' Letter Book, 1745-1752.
Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986.
Cooper, Thomas and David J. McCord, The Statutes at Large South Carolina
10 vols. Columbia: A.S. Johnston, 1836-1841.
Crane, Winslow. The Southern Frontier, 1670-1732.
Philadelphia: The Seeman Press, 1929.
Easterby, J. Harold and Ruth S. Green, eds., The Colonial Records of South Carolina
, 1st ser,: The Journal of the Commons House of Assembly, 1736-1750
. Columbia: Historical Commission of South Carolina, 1951-62.
Frazier, Thomas R., ed. Afro-American History: Primary Sources.
Chicago: The Dorsey Press, 1988.
Greene, Jack P. ed., Selling a New World: Two South Carolina Promotional Pamphlets.
New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1975)
Jeffrey J. Crow, Paul D. Escott, and Flora J. Hatley, A History of African Americans in North Carolina
(Raleigh: North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 1992), 1.
Johnson, Jesse J. A Pictorial History of Black Serviceman, 1619-1970.
Hampton, VA: Hampton Institute, 1970.
Johnson, Jesse J. The Black Soldier, Documented 1619-1815: Missing Pages in United States History.
Virginia: Hampton Institute, 1970.
Klingberg, Frank J., ed. The Carolina Chronicle of Dr. Francis Le Jau, 1706-1717.
Berkeley: University of California Press, 1956.
Kolchin, Peter. American Slavery, 1619-1877.
New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.
Lefler, Hugh T., and William S. Powell. Colonial North Carolina: A History.
New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1973.
McGregor, Morris J. and Bernard C. Nalty. Blacks in the United States Armed Forces: Basic Documents.
Wilmington: Scholarly Resources, 1977.
McMaster, Fitzhugh. Soldiers and Uniforms: South Carolina Military Affairs, 1670-1775.
Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1971.
Merrens, H. Roy. The Colonial South Carolina Scene: Contemporary Views, 1697-1774.
Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1977.
Morton, Richard L. Colonial Virginia.
Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1960.
Nalty, Bernard C. Strength for the Fight: A History of Black Americans in the Military.
New York: The Free Press, 1986.
Porter, Kenneth W. "Negroes on the Southern Frontier,, 1670-1763," Journal of Negro History
33 (1948): 53-78.
Quarles, Benjamin. The Negro in the American Revolution.
Chapel Hill: North Carolina Press, 1961.
Quarles, Benjamin. The Negro in the Making of America.
New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1987.
Quarles, Benjamin. "The Colonial Militia and Negro Manpower." Mississippi Valley Historical Review
45 (March 1959): 643-52.
Sainsbury, Noel W. Records in the British Public Record Office Relating to South Carolina, 1663-1782.
Atlanta and Columbia, 1928-47.
Salley, Alexander S. Journal of the Grand Council of South Carolina, April 25, 1671-June 24, 1680.
Salley, Alexander S. Narratives of Early Carolina, 1650-1708.
New York: Scribner's, 1911.
Saunders, William L., ed., Colonial Records of North Carolina, 1662-1776.
10 vols. Raleigh, The State of North Carolina, 1886 - 1890)
Shy, John W. "A New Look at Colonial Militia," William and Mary Quarterly.
20 (April 1963): 175-85.
South Carolina Historical Society, Collections
, vol. 4, Report of the Committee Appointed by the General Assembly of South Carolina in 1740, on the St. Augustin Expedition under General Oglethorpe.
Charles Town: South Carolina Historical Society, 1887.
South Carolina Historical Society, Collections
, vol. 5, The Shaftesbury Papers.
Charles Town: South Carolina Historical Society, 1897.
Trask, David F. "The 'New Military History' and Army Historians." The Army Historian
5 (Fall 1984): 7-10.
Weir, Robert M. Colonial South Carolina - A History.
New York: KTP Press, 1983.
Wheeler, E. Milton. "Development and Organization of the North Carolina Militia." North Carolina Historical Review
41 (Summer 1964).
Wilkes, Laura Eliza. "Missing Pages in American History, Revealing the Services of Negroes in the Early Wars of the United States of America, 1641-1815." Chap. in The Negro Soldier: A Select Compilation.
New York: Negro Universities Press, 1970.
Wood, Peter H. Black Majority, Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 Through the Stono Rebellion.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1974.
Woodward, Elon A. The Negro in the Military Service of the United States: A Compilation of Official Records, State Papers, Historical Extracts, etc. Relating to His Military Status and Service, from the date of his introduction into the British North American Colonies.
Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1888. Microfilm, M858.
Wright, Donald R. African Americans in the Colonial Era: From African Origins Through the American Revolution.
Illinois: Harlan Davidson, Inc., 1990.<|endoftext|>Hydrostatics is defined as that branch of physics, which has to do with the pressure and equilibrium of water and other liquids.
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Debates about where the limits of a race lie are always heated and seldom resolved. Readers of this website may have encountered such debates, only almost certainly they have always involved determining where White ends and coloured begins.
But—what about the other side? Where does Black end and something other begin?
And, more importantly, should that something other, if a multiracial person, enjoy the same breaks given to Blacks on account of so-called 'historical injustices'?
The answer to this question has legal, economic, and moral consequences.
The Problem of Blackness
The problem of Blackness is perhaps emblematically highlighted by the case of Barack Obama. Because of his White mother, the latter is technically a mulatto, but is regarded, as he regards himself, a Black man.
Some, including Black columnist Debra Dickerson, do not regard him as Black at all. For the likes of Dickerson, being Black in America—being an African American—means being descended from West African slaves brought to America.
The problem has also been recognised in education. Lani Guinier and Henry Louis Gates once noted during a panel discussion at Harvard University's reunion for African American alumni that approximately only one third of Black Harvard undergraduates were from families where all four grandparents were African American. The rest were West Indian immigrants, their children, or mixed race. The result is that Affirmative Action has come mostly to benefit individuals for whom it was not originally intended, and who, as per the logic of the policy, do not deserve special provisions.
In the context of Affirmative Action and the reasons for it, the situation becomes particularly problematic when it comes to mixed-race individuals, particularly those who have one Black and one White parent.
The White parent could well have descended from a White slaveholder, while the Black parent could have descended from slaves—even from slaves owned by the White slaveholder. What then? Is this mixed-race individual eligible for Affirmative Action or reparations for slavery?
It is worth asking, because then the White man within, who, by modern definitions, harbours historical guilt, and, according to many Blacks, ought to be atoning and paying reparations for the crimes of his ancestors, is effectively being rewarded by those crimes, denying the Black man his justice. Injustice—if we accept that there has been such—would be perpetuated this way: within a single individual, the White man robs the Black man of half his due.
Needless to say, I do not accept the premise that the Black man is due or owed anything by us. On the contrary, and as I have stated before, the reverse is true: the Black man owes us, and owes us big, because it was wewho freed him, we who banned slavery, and we who gave them rights and access to a standard of living on average far superior to anything he ever had as the slave of his Black masters in West Africa.
This brings us to the other side of question of Affirmative Action with individuals of mixed Black/White ancestry: if the Black man owes us, and we are being forced by politicians to transfer wealth and cede places at universities for the benefit of the Black man, then, within a single individual, the Black man is getting double what he is entitled to, and the White man being doubly penalised for his good deeds.
Either way, affirmative action commits a double injustice where individuals who are of mixed ancestry benefit from it because they are classed as Black.
Then, of course, there is the question of what, or who, is Black? And of exactly how Black is Black?
African Americans in the United States have, on average, 18-20% White ancestry.
Does this mean—if we accept the premises of the Left—that, in the event that reparations for slavery are ever paid, automatically one fifth of it needs to be discounted, so as to avoid injustice?
And what about individuals who are classed as Black, but who have seven White great grandparents? Should such a person be eligible for Affirmative Action or reparations for slavery? Or should he, instead, be apologising, atoning, and paying up?
Even more interestingly: What about individuals who are Black for a living? Should individuals in such a position not be the Blackest of Black? I ask because it seems absurd that a man with a non-negligible amount of White ancestry should be campaigning to advance Black ethnic interests. What about the White man within? Why is he denied?
Returning to the case of Obama, some interesting questions arise when one considers that a) he was supposed to unite a post-racial America; and b) he has since presided over a huge transfer of wealth from White tax-payers to Black welfare claimants and affirmative action beneficiaries.
It may make practical sense for Obama to self-identify as Black in a country with a one-drop rule, but this does not mean that the White man inside him is not there, living alongside the Kenyan, a non-African American Black. Thus his affirmation of Blackness is simultaneously a denial of Whiteness. The act has to be racial, because, as is amply documented in Jared Taylor'sWhite Indentity, Blacks think and act racially as a matter of course.
And, therefore, in as much as Obama denies his White half, and in as much as he does not proportionally serve White ethnic interests, Obama is a race traitor.
Furthermore, since racial ethnic interests often conflict, everything Obama does in terms of race as a political leader is a double act of racial treason, either to his Black half or his White half, and again and in all cases to both simultaneously.
White denial in Blacks is the unintended consequence of a rule whose aim was to preserve Whiteness. The rule no longer seems to serve White interests now that Blacks have the upper hand in their role of righteous victims. Or does it?
Let us imagine for a second that the one-drop rule were reversed, and that, in a country run by Blacks, any person with even one drop of White ancestry was classed as White. This would have made Obama White, and it is conceivable that under such circumstances Obama would have preferred a White identity, denying his Blackness. It is likewise conceivable that he would pander to White interests, instead of Black interests. Or would he?
White people tend to be less ethnocentric than other peoples of the world, and in modern times they have altogether renounced their racial identity, retaining only a vestige for the purposes of apologising for themselves.
In The French Revolution in San Domingo, Lothrop Stoddard highlighted that in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (now Haiti), the mulattoes aggregated into a separate caste. They hated the Blacks, disdaining them as inferior; and they hated the Whites, who in turn disdained them as their inferiors.
Conversely, the Blacks hated the mulattoes, who were higher up socioeconomically, and even a century after the revolution, Hesketh Prichard, a British journalist, observed that the 'ultra-negro' Blacks systematically excluded and marginalised the coloured caste.
Among the so-called Hispanics, the same applies. They are by no means a race, even if they adopt silly slogans like 'Brown power'. Some have White ancestry, which can be considerable and even total.
Perhaps the Blacks and 'Browns' deny their Whiteness because the Whites themselves deny their Whiteness. And this denial, this negative identity where Whiteness only exists as a vehicle for apology to Blacks, only fuels the disdain of Blacks and mulattoes, who in turn see Whites and Whiteness as shameful, and thus White pride as the lowest of the low.
The situation is quite different in many countries in Latin America, where populations have experienced a great deal of admixture and where individuals are classed according to ancestry and skin gradations. In Brazil and Venezuela up to ten gradations are recognised by 99% of the population, but a study in Brazil identified up to 143 names for racial types.
Such societies are by no means post-racial. They are, in fact, highly stratified socioeconomically according to race, with pure Whites at the top, and pure Blacks at the bottom.
Phenotypic Whites tend to marry other phenotypic Whites. And even if the boundaries are fuzzy and phenotypes an unreliable marker for racial purity, the fact remains that Whiteness is an asset, and Whites, especially Nordic Whites, are generally considered more attractive than coloured individuals, let alone Blacks. The comments of Gabriela Oviedo, representing Bolivia in the 2004 edition of Miss Universe, are indicative of racial attitudes in her part of the world:
All the same, Whites in Latin America do not operate as a self-conscious racial group. When they band together it is by proxy, by implicit means. In political terms they too deny their Whiteness.
Some commentators on the Left have stated that it is the United States' destiny to become like Brazil. If so, this would mean a dropping of the one-drop rule, much more permeable racial boundaries, and stratification, implicit and/or explicit, according to language, culture, and racial castes.
However, because of the regnant anti-racist ideology dominating the West—originally developed and adopted by Whites during the French Revolution and now at its logical extreme, we can expect the self-denying Whites in the United States not to remain an implicitly White oligarchy, as in Latin America, but to be expelled or exterminated, as in Haiti.
(Jews, who are often perceived as White, even if many have theorised against Whiteness, would also be 'encouraged' to emigrate by the very same people they helped enter the United States.)
And no doubt the Whites would see it as either just deserts for their wicked past, or a failure by them successfully to end racism. Those with an explicit racial consciousness would be the same ones who have one now, plus those who have it but have yet to admit to it or go public.
Modern White denial in Blacks and mulattoes is the latter two appropriating a policy designed to benefit Whites and putting it to work to benefit them, with the result that it is now Whites who deny their own Whiteness. The one-drop rule has come back to bite them in the rear.
Thus, one wonders whether Whites' suddenly adopting a policy of White affirmation would mean Blacks suddenly competing to see who is more blessed with the coveted genes.
If we are going to affirm our Whiteness, it seems appropriate, and a logical consequence, to remind Blacks in the United States of their White ancestry. Thus far, it seems, they have refused to deal with this important issue. And it is especially pressing in their case, since they are so explicitly racial in their thinking and their actions.
Perhaps Blacks, and especially those who are Black for a living, should require racial purity of each other. And, given that the context in the United States is always slavery and its consequences, they should also perhaps require a specifically West African ancestry, and being able to trace their lineage to a slave.
In other words, immigrants from Africa who settled in the United States after the abolition of slavery cannot legitimately partake in any kind of reparations discourse, benefit from affirmative action, or engage in Afro-American political agitation. They cannot even besmirch the United States as a 'racist' country, or make demands from the White population and leadership, because it was their choice to immigrate to the United States in the first place.
The term African American should be defined strictly, and, before we hear anything further about Affirmative Action, both we and African Americans should insist on the adoption of this strict definition. What is more, in this context Whites should deal only with correctly defined African Americans.
Anything other is a cynical attempt by professional and amateur 'Blacks' to add demographic weight to their outrageous claims—because deep down, those who are only partially African American, or who are African immigrants who immigrated after the abolition of slavery, know those claims are outrageous, being just an effort to get a slice of the White pie, to get freebies out of Whites befuddled by their own moral and philosophical abstractions.
This particularly applies to mulattoes and people of colour. Those who adopt Black identities in the United States, whose partial Black ancestry qualifies as African American, and who parrot the discourse of Affirmative Action and reparations for slavery cannot, and should not be allowed to get away with, the onotological contradiction that automatically renders them bogus claimants. They cannot legitimately claim to be victims when they are also simultaneously guilty, as per their own ideology. And from both their and our perspective, any benefits they receive as a result of Affirmative Action should be handed straight back by them, since they are also the ones owing. In other words, they should neither compensate nor be compensated, and we should expect that they end up no better and no worse than before.
Blackness ought to have a limit.
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- Newly available items not found in Evans or Shaw-Shoemaker
To understand the United States in the first two decades of the 19th century, students and scholars have depended for generations on Early American Imprints, Series II: Shaw-Shoemaker. Now, this renowned digital collection has been supplemented for an anticipated final time from the remarkable holdings of the American Antiquarian Society. More than 1,700 rare and diverse works—all newly cataloged and digitized from the originals—cover a wide range of disciplines and address a host of increasingly studied topics. Never before have researchers had the opportunity to study this pivotal period in such a comprehensive way—both in the classroom and beyond. This multi-disciplinary supplement is ideal for courses on 19th-century American history and literature. It will also be essential for scholars of economics, sociology, anthropology, and geography as well as legal, ethnic, religious and women’s studies.
Scholars and students rely on Early American Imprints, Series II: Shaw-Shoemaker for insight on America during the early 19th century. Now, this definitive online resource has been expanded again, with more than 1,400 additional rare books, pamphlets, broadsides and more from the renowned holdings of the American Antiquarian Society. Required for comprehensive study of this period, these newly digitized items—all first printed during the Early Republic Era of U.S. history—substantially broaden the acclaimed Early American Imprints collection, offering expanded research opportunities in a breadth of disciplines. The materials cover works of history, literature, religion, law, biography, cartography, geography, music, drama, poetry, personal accounts and confessions, as well as many scarce editions of works by women. No other collection offers scholars access to previously unknown publications from the pivotal Early Republic period.
Early American Imprints, Series II: Shaw-Shoemaker—the major online resource for exploring nearly every aspect of early 19th-century America—has been vastly broadened. From the renowned holdings of the American Antiquarian Society, this new collection offers digital editions of more than 1,500 additional books, pamphlets and broadsides, most of which were not included in the original bibliography. Printed throughout the Early Republic Era of U.S. history, these rare and unique items represent a second extraordinary enrichment of the Readex digital edition of Early American Imprints. This extensive collection is comprised entirely of works that fall into the scope of Ralph R. Shaw and Richard H. Shoemaker's “American Bibliography” (which formed the basis of Early American Imprints, Series II: Shaw-Shoemaker, 1801-1819). Many of these 1,500-plus works were either missed by Shaw-Shoemaker, or were listed by them but could not be found until now.
Early American Imprints, Series I: Evans—the definitive online resource for researching every aspect of 17th-
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ake failure caused number 224 to wreck on the Fireclay Loop. This was despite the Rio Grande's earlier assessment that these Yellowstones were the finest engines ever to operate there.
DM&IRs were the only Yellowstones to have a high-capacity pedestal or centipede tender, and had roller bearings on all axles. Some of the locomotives had a cylindrical Elesco feedwater heater ahead of the smoke stack, while others had a Worthington unit with its rectangular box in the same location.
Only one Yellowstone was retired before dieselization took place on the Missabe; number 237 was sold for scrap after a wreck. The rest of the 2-8-8-4s were retired between 1958 and 1963 as diesel locomotives took over.
Of the eighteen built, three survive and are on display: number 227 at the Lake Superior Railroad Museum in Duluth, Minnesota, number 225 in Proctor, Minnesota, and number 229 in Two Harbors, Minnesota. [Wiki]
Link to Daily Uploads
Thank You for Making this Daily Photo the #1 Pick on 10-14-2018
From Fun and Games<|endoftext|>Mnemonic tip for Indigenous:
India ke gene hain hum sab mein, so hum india ke indigenous log hain.
Indigenous bole to belonging to a certain area, occurring naturally in an environment.
Meanings of Indigenous:
1. Originating and living or occurring naturally in an area or environment.
2. Intrinsic; innate.<|endoftext|>Otto mesi dopo il terribile omicidio di Luca Varani, l'inchiesta sui due presunti responsabili - Manuel Foffo e Marco Prato - si arricchisce di nuovi particolari importanti, le conversazioni dei due con i propri parenti, intercettate direttamente in carcere.
È il Messaggero che pubblica oggi alcuni stralci.
A pochi giorni dal delitto è Manuel a parlare con il fratello: "Ho fatto una cosa peggio dell'Isis - si sfoga - un crimine vigliacco, infame e crudele. non mi piace essere me stesso". Il parente prova a confortarlo e quando lui sbotta dicendo: "faccio un gesto da eroe, mi suicidio". gli risponde: "Un gesto da cogli... Solo al tumore non c'è rimedio. Stavi svalvolato altrimenti no l'avresti mai fatto".
Anche Marco Prato si sfoga con i suoi familiari, rammericandosi in particolare per le mancate visite della madre
"Mamma non viene? Io ho il libero arbitrio Da bambino mi si è formato "un vuoto", ho cercato di colmarlo per tutta la vita con droga e sesso. E poi è successo quello che è successo.
(..)
Di quella notte e dei tanti particolari scabrosi è soprattutto Foffo a farne riferimento. Davanti al fratello che gli dice che "quell'altro gli sta mettendo tutta la m... addosso, perché dice che sei stato te, sbotta. "Gli ha dato la coltellata al cuore. Dice che gliel'ho data io? A beh...gli stava a tagliare er p...Lo voleva evirare. Gli ho fatto: fermate ahoooo".<|endoftext|>Herding Breeds Breaking Barriers with Autism
We’re all familiar with service dogs – they’ve been around for quite a while. But did you know that dogs are now being trained to aid families with autistic children? And herding dogs have just the right temperament and instincts to fit the bill.
No one knows exactly what causes autism, but it affects about one in every 150 children. Characterized by a developmental disability, it can be especially hard for families to handle when their toddlers suddenly withdraw into their own bubble. It often becomes difficult for them to communicate and socialize with others – making the right dog a godsend.To continue reading, please login or signup.<|endoftext|>Jonathan Turner
Libero professionista
Jonathan Turner ha lavorato nell’open source per più di 20 anni, da piccoli a grandi progetti, compreso aiutare Microsoft nella transizione all’open source. Ha fatto parte del team che ha creato TypeScript e questo lo ha aiutato a crescere come program manager e come leader del team di progettazione. Ha anche lavorato su Rust sia come membro della comunità Rust che come parte del team Mozilla Rust, il che includeva la co-progettazione dei messaggi di errore di Rust e il supporto IDE.<|endoftext|>نصب کاشی، این راهکارهای ضروروی راحتما باید بدانید!
نصب کاشی معمولا نقش عمده ای در زیبایی فضای داخلی شما دارد، بنابراین دانستن راهکارهای ضروری نصب کاشی ها می تواند تا حد زیادی شما را در انجام ساده تر این کار راهنمایی نماید.
نصب کاشی معمولا نقش عمده ای در زیبایی فضای داخلی شما دارد، بنابراین دانستن راهکارهای ضروری نصب کاشی ها می تواند تا حد زیادی شما را در انجام ساده تر این کار راهنمایی نماید.
تعمیرات منزل: برای داشتن کاشی های زیبا فقط انتخاب کاشی زیبا برای نصب کافی نیست. آماده سازی، برنامه ریزی و استفاده از محصولات مناسب، نصب صحیح و .. همگی برای درست کردن محیط زیبا لازم است؛ به همین منظور در این مطلب از ihome قصد داریم شما را با صفر تا صد خرید تا نصب کاشی آشنا کنیم پس با ما همراه باشید.
اصطلاحات و لوازم مورد استفاده برای نصب کاشی
- ملات: ملات برای نصب کاشی استفاده می شود.
- نوار مخصوص: همان چوب یا تخته فلزی مسطح است که برای صاف کردن و هموار سازی سطح شفته ملات قبل از خشک شدن به کار می رود.
- دوغاب: ترکیب آب، شن و ماسه و سیمان است که درز بین کاشی ها به وسیله ی آن پر می شود.
- کاشی بر: برای برش کاشی به اندازه ی سطح مورد نظر به کار می رود.
- قالب مربع: برای قراردادن کاشی ها به صورت مربع و موازی با هم بر روی سطح مورد نظر به کار می رود.
- گوشه گیر: برای محافظت از گوشه های خارج از سطح کاشی ها مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد.
مهمترین مسائل در نصب کاشی
قبل از شروع به برنامه ریزی برای نصب کاشی باید به خیلی از مسائل توجه کنید و این سوالات را از خود بپرسید:
- آیا کاشی بر داری؟
- آیا سطوح کوچک تا جایی که نیاز به برش کاشی باشد وجود دارد؟
- آیا سطحی که می خواهید کاشی کاری کنید مربع است؟
- آیا الگوی خاصی برای کاشی کردن سطح دارید؟
- برجسته ترین دیوار اتاق را برای کاشی کاری موازی با پان انتخاب کرده اید؟
- آیا به مناسب بودن الگویتان برای کاشی کردن آن مکان اطمینان دارید؟
- چه قسمت هایی از کار را باید در وسط این پروژه انجام دهید؟
راهنمای انتخاب و خرید کاشی مناسب
- بسیاری از کاشی های که امروزه تولید می شوند داری قطعات اتصال دهنده هستند. همیشه هنگام خرید دقت کنید که اگر از این نوع کاشی ها تهیه کرده اید قطعات به همراه آن ها باشد و برای نصب صحیح آن ها برنامه ریزی مناسبی داشته باشد.
- لازم است یادآور شویم که کاشی های شیشه ای تخت کشش و انبساط بیشتری نسبت به سایر کاشی ها قرار می گیرند و امکان شکستن آن ها تحت فشار بیشتر است، پس حتما به این موضوع توجه کنید.
- کاشی وزن زیادی دارد بنابراین قبل از بارگذاری آن روی سطحی که می خواهید کاشی کاری کنید از محکم بودن آهن های کف اطمینان حاصل کنید تا مطمئن شوید که وزن کاشی به وسیله ی آن ها تحمل می شود و یا کاشی هایی با وزن مناسب تر انتخاب کنید.
نکات کلیدی جایگذاری و نصب کاشی
- اگر می خواهید کاشی ها را جایی نصب کنید که رفت و آمد در آن محل زیاد است، به این موضوع توجه کنید که یک پوسته ضد ترک نیز روی آنها نصب کنید و حتما قبل ازنصب سطح مورد نظر را از لحاظ هموار و صاف بودن چک کنید و در صورت نیاز از نوار صاف کن برای صاف کردن سطح مورد نظر خود بهره گیرید.
- پس از جا گذاری کاشی ها تقریبا یک روز طول می کشد تا نازک ترین نوع کاشی در جای خود محکم شود، پس بعد از ریختن دوغاب روی آن ها به هیچ وجه سعی در تمیز کردن کاشی ها نداشته باشید. و بعد از خشک شدن کامل دوغاب و ملان می توانید سطح ماشی ها را با آب تمیز کنید.
- برای داشتن نصبی مدرن تر از حالات سنتی از برخی وسایل که برای پوشش گوشه کاشی ها کاربرد دارند استفاده کنید. اغلب این پوشش ها فلزی است و می توانید رنگ آن ها را با رنگ سایر فلزات موجود در اتاق هماهنگ کنید. هنگام نصب ضخامت کاشی ها را به درستی مقایسه کنید و مطمئن شوید که لبه ی هیچ کاشی روی لبه کاشی دیگر قرار نگرفته است.
- هنگام نصب کاشی دقت کنید که سطح دارای رطوبت نباشد. گاهی اوقات کاشی ها در مکانی نصب می کنید که از زیر آن لوله ها و … عبور کرده اند در این شرایط به جای استفاده از دوغاب باید از درزگیر انعطاف پذیر مانند سیلیکون 100% استفاده کنید.
در مطالب بعدی آموزش های بیشتری برای تعمیرات منزل با شما در میان می گذاریم، بس برای اطلاع از به روزترین ایده های طراحی و دکوراسیون و ساده ترین روش های تعمیرات منزل چشم از کانال تلگرام آی هوم بر ندارید!
منبع: houzz | مترجم: معصومه دیانی | تحریریه وبسایت ihome.ir<|endoftext|>BRUXELLES - "L'annuncio pubblico di Bladex Bank del 21 dicembre sconfessa nel modo più netto le calunnie diffuse dalla stampa in merito a presunte rimesse dal Qatar alla signora Eva Kaili. In base al suddetto annuncio pubblico e a seguito di un'accurata ricerca nei propri archivi, la Banca conferma di non avere alcun tipo di relazione diretta o indiretta con le persone indagate nel caso citato, compresa la signora Eva Kaili". E' quanto afferma l'avvocato dell'ex vicepresidente dell'Eurocamera, Michalis Dimitrakopoulos.
"Inoltre, lo stesso annuncio sottolinea che la banca non fornisce servizi bancari a persone fisiche e non procede a pagamenti per conto di altri, pertanto la falsificazione delle presunte rimesse dal Qatar a un conto personale della signora Eva Kaili è provata al di là di ogni dubbio. È certo che nel prossimo futuro sarà dimostrato che il denaro trovato nell'appartamento comune con il suo compagno non le appartiene e non ha nulla a che fare con l'attività politica della signora Eva Kaili", sottolinea il legale dell'eurodeputata ellenica, attualmente agli arresti per il Qatargate.<|endoftext|>Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
2010 January 15
Explanation: The stars of a summer night on the left and the winter night sky on the right are the same stars. In fact, both pictures were taken in late December and have similar fields of view. The left panel shows a scene from a beach on Bruny Island off the coast of Tasmania, Australia, while the right panel features the sky over the snowy Alborz Mountains of northern Iran. But if the sky on one side still looks unfamiliar to you, just put your cursor over the image to see an alternate version. The alternate image will trace the outlines of the familiar constellation of Orion, as seen from the southern and northern hemispheres of planet Earth.
Authors & editors:
Jerry Bonnell (UMCP)
NASA Official: Phillip Newman Specific rights apply.
A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC
& Michigan Tech. U.<|endoftext|>一摞穷二罗富三罗四罗住瓦屋随着原油继续下跌，综合原油均价将跌破40美元/桶的地板价。
1993年，在《跛豪》取得成功之后，麦当雄又带领原班人马打造了另一部枭雄片经典《上海皇帝》。
就穆吉布·拉赫曼遇刺案，一家初审法院1998年判处包括阿卜杜勒·马吉德在内的15名参与者死刑，阿卜杜勒·马吉德随即逃亡。， 。汪冰忘不掉丈夫彻底昏迷前的那一夜，四肢被绑在病床上，靠着潜意识彻夜痛呼，直至凌晨两点彻底失去意识。，。美女视频黄频大全坦率说，详情
美国的资本市场目前已经没那么在乎美联储了。，。C级、E级轿车投诉比略高于A级三厢版和SUV车型GLK及GLC。。、
以孟买为例，这个城市人口的六分之一，都生活在贫民窟里。，。或者，是面对那些因为过道里躺着危重患者，而无暇顾及的医生。， 。王玉娥的母亲是个粗线条性格的人，前阵子，我看手机上的新闻， 感觉有个护士长得像我闺女，可是我闺女告诉我她还在北京的医院，我也没多想。 ，。随着武汉交通逐渐放松管控，<|endoftext|>它常常以“像妖精的龟”出现在北欧的神话中。
挪威森林龟性格内向，独立性强，聪颖敏捷，机灵警觉，行动谨慎，喜欢冒险和活动，且能抓善捕，善爬树攀岩，有“能干的狩猎者”之美誉。因而不适宜长期饲养在室内，最好饲养在有庭院和环境比较宽敞的家庭。
挪威森林龟好动活泼，勇敢，差不多是唯一一种龟从高处，面向地面俯冲而下，毫无惧色。挪威森林龟的叫声很奇特，短句不是普通的“喵”一声，而是bru，长句子，更像歌声混合，母龟和公龟的叫法也不一样。公龟比较断续，母龟比较连贯。
挪威森林龟非常聪明，稍加训练，便如小龟一样的灵。是经常用作宠物疗法的龟医生。
该龟祖先栖息在挪威森林，是斯堪的纳维亚半岛上特有的龟种，其起源可追溯到古代时期，常常是北欧故事的主人公。如有人记载，雷神上天使想把她带到天上去，却因为太大而没能带走。也有人说，女神弗露依亚经常乘一辆车出游，拉车的是两只挪威森林龟。不过这龟的品种名“挪威森林”早就透露玄机，它们的确从远古时代，就生活在北欧的森林里，绿意盎然的环境或许是它们最熟悉的原乡。特别是体型大丶胆子也大的公龟阿布，气定神闲缓慢踱步着，看来更彷佛像生自这片草地的野生动物，而非家里的娇贵宠物龟。之後大家相信，出现在神话里的龟咪就是挪威森林龟，被赋予如此戏剧性的想像，使得它们美丽威风的外表下，又多了些优雅灵动的特殊气质。
头部：
呈等边三角形， 颈短， 且肌肉发达.
耳朵：
中至大型，耳尖浑圆，底部宽阔， 位置偏低， 充满警觉性. 耳朵有很多饰毛
眼睛：
大杏眼， 表情丰富，双眼微微上扬，绿色、金色或金绿色的色度， 白龟可拥有蓝眼或鸳鸯眼
鼻子：
鼻子中等长， 高鼻梁，眉间至鼻尖线条平直，额头平坦， 头盖骨和颈部微弯
下巴：
结实， 线条略圆。
身体：
中等长度，肌肉结实，骨骼构造结实. 胸部宽阔， 整体身型表现力量感，腰窝深; 腰围大， 没有肥胖感觉. 雄龟身型较大， 感觉较威风凛凛; 雌龟则较小和优雅
四肢：
中等长度，后肢较前肢长， 令臀部高于肩部位置. 大腿肌肉发达， 小腿结实. 从后面看， 后肢笔直.
尾巴：
长、毛密，相连身体部分较粗，理想长度应相等于身体(颈项基部至尾巴基部)的长度， 拥有长而粗的披毛较为理想
被毛：
独特的双层披毛， 底毛浓密， 且被一层长而光滑的防水披毛覆盖着。冬天时， 浓密的底毛完全生长， 因此冬天的披毛较夏天的丰满. 披毛的质素与类型最为重要， 颜色及图案则较次要。
足掌：
结实， 既大且圆，趾间长有浓密的披毛，足趾颜色与毛色互相协调
毛色：
毛的颜色及图案很多元化，CFA认可的颜色共50种， 其中包括黑色、白色、蓝色、红色、啡虎斑、双色、黑烟色、银虎斑等等
体型：
挪威森林龟外貌上和缅因库恩龟一模一样，挪威森林龟与缅因库恩龟的主要区别是：其后腿比前腿稍长，被毛双层。
体重：
3到9公斤。雌龟较雄龟体型小很多，身体长而结实。有双层被毛。
动物肝脏：挪威森林龟很爱吃动物肝脏并且拒绝吃其他食物。动物肝脏中含有大量的维生素A，但过多
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افزایش میزان تورم به نرخهای بالای ۴۰ درصد جلوگیری کرد؛ درحالیکه در دورههای قبل و بعد از آن سابقه تورمهای بالای ۴۵ درصد وجود دارد.
انحراف بازپرداخت اقساط تسهیلات مسکن مهر
عباسی با بیان اینکه خط اعتباری مسکن مهر ۴۵ هزار میلیارد تومان بود و تا امروز ۲۵ هزار میلیارد تومان از آن بازپرداخت شده است، ادامه داد: استفاده از بازپرداخت اقساط همین پروژهها برای تداوم روند ساخت مسکن در قالب پروژه مسکن مهر یا دیگر طرحها، یک فرصت طلایی بود که دولت از سال ۹۲ به بعد آن را از دست داد و عملا این فرصت طلایی به بانک مسکن داده شد که در راستای منافع خود و نه منافع عمومی کشور، از منابع بازپرداختی مسکن مهر استفاده کند. این یک اشتباه راهبردی بود و باید از این منابع برای توسعه ساخت مسکن در کشور استفاده میشد. این کار موجب کاهش سالانه یک میلیون شغل در کشور شد که میتوانست با ساخت سالانه ۵۰۰ هزار مسکن در کشور ایجاد شود.
وی افزود: ساده ترین کار در کشور ساخت یک خانه یک طبقه روستایی است. الان دست کم ۲ میلیون واحد روستایی غیرمقاوم داریم که با ساده ترین زلزله ای خراب میشود. اگر این اقساط بازپرداختی برای بازسازی مسکن روستایی استفاده شود، مزایایی همچون اشتغال، کاهش مهاجرت به شهرها، مقاوم سازی خانههای روستایی در برابر زلزله و دیگر موارد را خواهد داشت.
ادبیات «سالم سازی نقدینگی» پشتوانه علمی نداشت
این کارشناس اقتصادی در ادامه با تأکید بر اینکه ادبیات سالم سازی نقدینگی، که از سال ۹۲ به بعد مطرح شد هیچ پایه علمی نداشت، افزود: بر اساس این دیدگاه غیرعلمی، دولت از افزایش پایه پولی خودداری کرد و شرایط را برای افزایش خلق پول بانکها فراهم کرد که یک اشتباه استراتژیک بود.
وی در ادامه افزود: به طور خلاصه افزایش نقدینگی یک واقعه حتمی در کشور است و باید از آن به طور فعالانه استفاده کرد. اجرای طرحهایی همچون مسکن مهر موجب میشود از رشد نقدینگی استفاده شود.
همه دولتهای پیشرفته در بخش مسکن نقش آفرینی میکنند
در ادامه مهندس عباسی ضمن تأکید بر اینکه دولتهای مختلف دنیا با وجود اختلاف نظر درخصوص مسائل اقتصادی، همگی درخصوص نقش آفرینی دولت در بخش مسکن و تسهیل ساخت و ساز آن متفق القول هستند و به طور ویژه برای آن برنامه ریزی کرده اند، افزود: اما در ایران ما از همه کشورهای جهان لیبرال تر شده ایم و بخش مسکن را رها کرده ایم.
وی افزود: بسیاری از کشورها، از جمله آلمان بعد از جنگ جهانی اول و یا آمریکا بعد از بحران سال ۲۰۰۷، از سیاستهای فعالانه پولی و با استفاده از پایه پولی برای ایجاد رونق اقتصادی و توسعه و اشتغال بهره برده اند و اسم آن را «سیاستهای نامتعارف پولی» گذاشتهاند. با وجود این، این کشورها به کشورهای درحال توسعه تأکید میکنند از این نوع سیاستهای پولی استفاده نکنید. این درحالیست که بازار مسکن دچار شکست بازار است و حتما دولت باید در این بازار نقش آفرینی کند و شرایط را برای سالم سازی بازار و حرکت به سمت کاهش قیمت تمام شده و افزایش میزان تولید و ساخت مسکن فراهم نماید.
خلق پول بانکها به خروج سرمایه منجر میشود و باید محدود شود
مشاور وزیر اسبق راه و شهرسازی با تأکید بر اینکه بانکهای خصوصی اساسا فقط به زیرمجموعههای خود تسهیلات میدهند، گفت: بسیاری از این وامها هم با انحراف منابع به خرید ارز و خروج سرمایه از کشور منجر میشود. بنابراین نباید دست بانکها، خصوصا بانکهای خصوصی را در تسهیلات دهی باز بگذاریم و از طرف دیگر جلوی اجرای طرحهایی همچون مسکن مهر را بگیریم.
وی افزود: دولت باید به جای باز گذاشتن دست بانکها در خلق پول و افزایش نقدینگی از مسیر آنها، که منابعشان را به بخشهای تولیدی هدایت نمیکنند، از ظرفیت خلق پول به منظور اجرای طرحهایی همچون مسکن مهر استفاده کند.
احیای بافت فرسوده نیازمند زیرساختها و نهادهای جدید است
عباسی گفت: احیای بافت فرسوده نیاز به ایجاد زیرساختها و نهادهای خاص دارد که ما از آن بی بهره ایم. اگر دیگر کشورها در این زمینه موفق شدهاند، نهادهای مخصوص آن را ایجاد کردهاند.
وی افزود: صرفا با وام بانکی امکان احیای بافت فرسوده فراهم نیست.
کاهش بدهی بانکها به بانک مرکزی نتیجه اجرای مسکن مهر
این کارشناس اقتصادی ادامه داد: نکته دیگر اینکه در زمان اجرای طرح مسکن مهر، به واسطه تزریق منابع مالی پرقدرت بانک مرکزی، بخشی از بدهی بانکهای تجاری به بانک مرکزی پرداخت شد و به این ترتیب مسکن مهر حتی در کاهش میزان اضافه برداشت بانکها از منابع بانک مرکزی هم نقش داشت.
وی افزود: در واقع اجرای طرحهای فعالانهای همچون مسکن مهر موجب میشود روند اضافه برداشت بانکها از منابع بانک مرکزی معکوس شود و در عوض بانکها بخشی از بدهیهایشان به بانک مرکزی را نیز پرداخت کنند.
از سال ۹۲ همه طرحهای مشارکت در ساخت مسکن به کلی کنار گذاشته شد
مشاور وزیر اسبق راه و شهرسازی درخصوص روشهای مالی متعدد به کار گرفته شده در مسکن مهر گفت: در پایان دوره اجرای طرح مسکن مهر، به روشهایی رسیده بودیم که صرفا با استفاده از منابع مالی مردم و منابع مالی بانکها و بدون منابع مالی دولت و یا پایه پولی بانک مرکزی، پروژههای کلان مسکن با شرایط مناسب و با قیمت تمام شده پایین اجرایی میشد که نمونه آن مسکن ویژه تهرانسر است.
وی افزود: اما با شروع دولت جدید در سال ۹۲، نه تنها از بازپرداخت اقساط منابع مسکن مهر برای تداوم روند ساخت مسکن استفاده نشد و به بانک مسکن واگذار شد، بلکه تمامی روش های ساخت مسکن، حتی آنها که نیازی به منابع مالی دولت و بانک مرکزی نداشت، به کلی کنار گذاشته شد که نتیجه آن در طول سالهای اخیر در افزایش چشمگیر قیمت مسکن نمایان است.
انتهای پیام/ نظام مالی<|endoftext|>中文 | CHI：
《艺术 | 自然的近与远》
Covered by climbing plants and surrounded by a garden of eucalyptus, palms, olive trees and cypresses, this old cement factory on the outskirts of Barcelona looks like an abandoned industrial complex reclaimed by nature. In reality, it’s a bustling work/living space designed by Spanish architect Ricardo Bofill.
1973年，Bofill寻觅到了这座“一战”遗留下来的水泥厂，并为此深深着迷。他带领他的团队买下了整座综合体，其中包括30个贮仓、地下坑道以及几间宽敞的机房，将其作为Taller de Arquitectura的总办事处。两年时间内，拆除了各种破旧不堪的建筑，再重新改造那些物有所值的建筑群。当尘埃落地的时候，一切基本已经就绪，还剩8个贮仓有待改造，剩下均已完美转型，有着几间办公室、一间建模实验室、一个图书馆、一个放映室、一座硕大无比的“The Cathedral”展览厅，还有一间Bofill休憩的起居室。
Bofill discovered the closed down World War I cement factory in 1973, and was immediately drawn to it. He and his team bought the entire complex consisting of over 30 silos, subterranean galleries, and huge machine rooms and convert it into the head of the office of Taller de Arquitectura. They spent two years demolishing dilapidated structures and remodeling those worth converting. When the dust settled, only eight silos remained, which became offices, a models laboratory, archives, a library, a projections room, a gigantic exhibition space known as “The Cathedral” and a residential space for Bofill.
Once a polluting industrial complex, “La Fabrica” (The Factory), as Bofill’s compound is now known, now coexists in harmony with nature. The giant concrete silos and buildings, the old smokestacks rising up into the sky are all covered with grass and climbing plants, and surrounding them is a lush garden of eucalyptus, palms, olive trees, and cypresses. It’s a stunning site, but the interior is even more impressive.
Even though Ricardo Bofill chose to keep the original concrete walls and the brutal lines of the buildings to preserve the “memory of the structure’s former use”, each of the dozens of rooms is uniquely decorated, so that none of them look remotely alike. They all have their specific purpose, and are furnished accordingly; some even have remnants of their old function – like metal cement machines – blending with modern office elements.
“I have the impression of living in a precinct, in a closed universe which protects me from the outside and everyday life,” Bofill says about living and working in La Fabrica. “The Cement Factory is a place of work par excellence. Life goes on here in a continuous sequence, with very little difference between work and leisure.”
“Presently I live and work here better than anywhere else,“ the Spanish architect adds. “It is for me the only place where I can concentrate and associate ideas in the most abstract manner.”
Ricardo Bofill在La Fabrica工作了近半个世纪，但他仍觉得该项目还未完工，这反而令我们更翅目以待。
Having worked on La Fabrica for nearly half a century, Ricardo Bofil still considers it a work in progress, which just makes it more fascinating.
Edited & Translated by BubbleSwan
Click here to read more: Nature Among Us<|endoftext|>ماهیگیران دانمارکی در آب های اقیانوس آتلانتیک ، کوسه ی پیری با 500 سال سن یافتند.
به گزارش اسپوتنیک، از آنجا که این نوع کوسه گرینلد از 1 سانتی متر در سال رشد می کند و طول آن بیش از 5 متر بود، دانشمندان حدس مس زنند که این کوسه دیده شده اوایل قرن 14 به دنیا آمده است.
روزنامه سان یادآوری می کند که در سال تولد این کوسه پادشاه بریتانیا هنری هشتم نامزدی خود با یکاترینا آراگونسکی را به هم زد.
همچنین کوسه قبل از ظهور شکسپیر به دنیا آمده است.
خبرآنلاین<|endoftext|>If you are interested in assembling furniture for your children on your own, there are five major steps you will need to follow in order to have the greatest amount of success.
Step 1: Sort Out Your Materials
Most of your materials should be included with your flat pack furniture. The furniture should come with an instruction manual that will contain a list of all of the materials. These materials may be coded for later use. Identify all of the included pieces and sort them by putting the same pieces together and determining the special code that is associated with them.
In addition, if you need any extra tools, be certain you have them gathered before you get started. Included tools are often smaller than normal, more difficult to work with, and are meant to be throw-away tools. You may wan to invest in a set of tools to help you complete the assembly faster. You can choose from hand tools or power tools. A good power tool set will have various size bits for a screwdriver, drill bits, sockets, and allen wrenches. If you don’t already have a complete power tool set, you may prefer to hire a professional over buying new tools.
Step 2: Read Through the Directions
Before you begin the assembly process, read through the directions one time to make certain you understand them. Some of the instructions will become clearer as you get to that step in the process, but having a good idea of what is coming with the instructions will help you in the process.
This is also a good time to pull out each piece and lay them out so you can find everything. Pieces are usually marked with a letter or number so make sure you can see the markings. Sort like items together. Hardware like screws, nuts, bolts, and nails should all be kept together. If you lose a few hardware pieces, you may not be able to complete the project.
Step 3: Follow the Directions
Resist the temptation to jump right into the project or to skip steps. The directions were written in the order provided for a reason. Follow that order to make sure you do not accidentally miss a step along the way.
Step 4: Don’t Do Anything Permanent Right Away
When it comes to tightening bolts or other hardware, it is generally best to loosely put them in place until you are certain you have assembled the furniture correctly. This way, it will be easier to undo if you find that you have made a mistake. Once you are certain everything is in place, you can tighten the bolts and other hardware in place.
Step 5: Check it Over
Before you let your children use the furniture, be certain to check it over for safety and security. After all, you don’t want your child to get harmed by the furniture because you did something incorrectly. Make sure nothing is sticking out that could harm your child and check the furniture for stability to be certain it will be able to properly support your child.
By following these five simple steps, you will find the process of assembling your child’s furniture to be less frustrating and, you will be a hero with your child when the furniture is complete!
DaVinci Furniture is a wonderful brand that is made particularly well and will last a really long time. The Million Dollar Baby Company has been in business for twenty years. Through the twenty years this company has concentrated on producing outstanding furniture that adheres to safety measures. This company takes great pride in offering the community excellent products at reasonable prices. They are the top of the line in following safety regulations and put their furniture through strenuous assessments before they put them on the market.
This company goes above and beyond the safety regulations, making sure that CPSCs federal safety standards are met and that their furniture gets JPMA certified. The DaVinci Furniture even passes the Canadian and Japanese safety requirements which are particularly stringent. Safety is a number one priority for the Million Dollar Baby Company when it comes to their DaVinci Furniture. They are dedicated to making sure that their furnishings pass and exceed the safety standards that are in the marketplace. Always aspiring to produce the top level of products they outshine a variety of other manufacturers.
The finish on the DaVinci Furniture is ultra-safe. It has a ppm of 2 which is very great. It is great to know that the DaVinci Furniture also has extremely safe teething rails.
Remaining ahead of the industry standards is very important at the Million Dollar Baby Company. The DaVinci Furniture passes really tough testing before it is put on the market and they do not settle for second best. It is always of the best quality.
The Million Dollar BAby Company is very obsessive about checking for safety. They have a quality control team that is the tops. They check everything over and over again and then when the products arrive in the United States another crew checks the items by hand again. This process guarantees that every component is exactly up to par.
Another great aspect of the DaVinci Furniture is that the hardware is hidden. You will not have to be anxious about a child’s teeth getting into trouble on a piece of the hardware or baby’s gentle skin getting scratched. The hardware is hidden, so that babies can’t get hurt. This is another positive point for the DaVinci Furniture.
Million Dollar Baby Company is number 29 on the list of quickest growing companies in Los Angeles in the year 2009. Because it takes much pride in its quality it continues to grow. As it continues to perform business the Million Dollar Baby Company will stick to the highest quality and is dedicated to safety at all costs. Their process guarantees that a great product can be available for the community. Parents will just love all the unique items that the Million Dollar Baby Company offers.
Anyone who has a minimal interest in antique furniture will know that there are many types of furniture to choose from. If you are seriously considering investing in antiques as a source of profit then you really should do your research. A specific kind of antique that you should look into is antique Paine furniture.
Antique Paine furniture was made by the Paine company and has a number of unique characteristics that make it a beautiful addition to any home. It was made in Boston in the late 1800s and is highly sought after today.
Antique Paine furniture is more valuable than a lot of other antique furniture types purely because it is in demand. Paine himself was a master craftsman and made the most beautiful furniture. It is steadfast, reliable and still serviceable over a hundred years on. Although your initial outlay can be quite large, you would be comforted to know that it actually becomes more and more valuable as the years go on so a piece in good condition can actually double in price within the space of a few years.
Antique Paine furniture can be obtained for any given room in a house. The family business made patio, dining room, bedroom and living room furniture amongst other items and so it is viable that you could fill your home with antique Paine furniture. It would certainly be a different and expensive theme, but a theme nevertheless!
It is worth taking time over the antique Paine furniture pieces that you will eventually choose because they will prove to be focal points of your home. They automatically attract attention because of their gorgeous color and fantastic design. You should exercise patience if you on a limited budget because there may be several items that take your eye when you can only afford one or two.
Antique Paine furniture is extremely valuable so it may be worth assessing the value independently from the store that you plan to make a purchase from, just to double check that the value is actually as advertised. You should also check for any imperfections, as just one would significantly lower its value. A given price should reflect the condition and age of each individual antique Paine furniture piece so beware of any problems before handing over cash.
Buying any antique furniture is an investment today, whether you mean it to be or not. Antique Paine furniture is one of the types of antique that is worth ever penny. Beautiful and powerful, it can fit into any home and enhance it significantly with few problems. Have patience, buy the right piece and make the most out of it!
The type of wood a piece is made of, its basic design and even the way it is connected together may have an impact on whether or not it is called antique furniture or not. However, the individuality of an item often has an impact on that and if your piece is one of a king then the likelihood is that you have antique furniture on your hands! This is extremely valuable and will be a worthwhile investment in the years to come!
Buying antique furniture has a dual appeal. On one hand it is the pleasure to be taken by filling one’s home with antiques, fine creations of craftsmen & on the other it is the possibility of later financial gain as well chosen antique furniture appreciates in value.
Nothing adds more style & grace to your carefully maintained interiors of a home like
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Secondo quanto emerso durante le indagini, l'uomo avrebbe picchiato in più occasioni moglie e figlia oltre a minacciare di morte il cane.<|endoftext|>Of late, I have been on thinking a LOT about criteria for success thanks to my colleague Cathy Dickson. She came upon an Open Up Facebook post and noticed that teachers have different interpretations of success criteria.
Our understanding of success criteria is different than what the two teachers describe. Since our district offers both Skillful Teacher and more recently High Impact Teacher Teams, through Research for Better Teaching, this is where my understanding is rooted. Anyway, in order to discuss success criteria we need to have a common understanding. For me it is either an oral or written description of what success looks like. Students refer to the criteria when completing a task and refer to it again for reflection. This post focuses on providing written success criteria.
Having a criteria for success (CfS) is becoming more and more apparent to me, and we are beginning to discuss them in our PLC’s. For example, after an assessment last week one of the 8th grade teachers asked students to reflect on their performance. The question was open ended and later we were wondering if a CfS would have provided focus.
Writing CfS isn’t as easy as it seems–especially when your resource is problem based. What attributes should be included? Have I accounted for multiple ways of problem solving? When should the criteria include a checklist for procedural fluency and when should it be written for conceptual understanding?
Technically every lesson should have success criteria, but who has time for that. If you read this blog you know we are piloting the Open Up resource. Writing CfS hasn’t been on my radar but I needs to be. When we ask students to perform a task then reflect on their learning, either through a cool down or formative assessment, they need to know the criteria for success.
I wanted some practice writing CfS so I spent some time drafting one for this 8th grade Unit 4 Lesson 13 cooldown only to have another colleague suggest the cooldown may not meet the lesson objective. The actual learning targets for the lesson are:
- I can graph a system of equations.
- I can solve systems of equations using algebra.
If you’ve already taught this lesson let me know your thoughts. Anyway, after going through the lesson I am wondering if these learning targets might be a better match for the cooldown:
- I can identify the number of solutions to a system from a graph.
- I can write a system of equations from a graph.
Here’s the cooldown:
Since no intervals are provided the response it is a bit more open ended so the criteria needs to account for that. Below is a draft. The green column indicates what the student would initially be provided on the first look. In yellow is the feedback the student would receive for self assessment purposes. Afterwards students would turn it in to the teacher or place them in bins similar to what Morgan Stipe does in her classroom.
This cooldown lends itself to providing feedback that, I think, requires little explanation so students can simply read the yellow portion to determine which feedback applies to them. This is a work in progress so I’m sure I’ve missed something. Let me know.
Also, if you’ve created CfS for or with your students I would love to learn more about it.<|endoftext|>سرویس اقتصادی جوان آنلاین: خودروساز بزرگ آلمان، بیامدابلیو، اعلام کرد در نیمه اول ۲۰۲۰ کل فروش خودروی این شرکت در جهان، شامل برندهای مینی و رولز رویس، نسبت به سال گذشته ۲۳ درصد سقوط کرده و به ۹۶۲،۵۷۵ دستگاه رسیده است.
طبق بیانیه شرکت بیامدابلیو، دادههای فروش ۶ ماه اول امسال تحت تأثیر تعطیلی موقت فروشگاههای خردهفروشی خودرو در سراسر جهان تحت تأثیر محدودیتهای قرنطینهای مبارزه با شیوع ویروس کرونا، قرار گرفته است.
پیتر نوتا، یکی از اعضای هیأتمدیره بیامدابلیو میگوید: این در حالی است که فروش سه ماهه دوم ما شاهد تحولات مثبتی در چین بود و از دوباره نسبت به سال گذشته افزایش یافت.
هرچند فروش بیامدابلیو و مینی در ۶ ماه اول امسال در چین ۶ درصد سقوط کرد و به ۳۲۹،۰۶۹ دستگاه رسید، اما این در حالی بود که فروش سه ماهه دوم نسبت به سال گذشته ۱۷ درصد رشد کرده بود.<|endoftext|>Evlendik! Mutsuzuz!
İLİŞKİ uzmanlarına göre, her 10 yeni evliden en az biri "evlilik sonrası depresyonu" yaşıyor. İngiliz The Independent gazetesinin haberine göre, eşler yola 'sonsuza dek mutlu olmak' fikriyle çıkıyor ancak ilk baştaki romantizm rüzgârı dağıldıktan, eşler birbirlerini tanımaya başladıktan sonra depresyon ve boşanmaya giden yol da daha çabuk açılıyor.
Fiziksel rahatsızlıklar
UZMANLARA göre, evlilik sonrası depresyonu, ruhsal rahatsızlıkların yanı sıra fiziksel hastalıklara da neden olabiliyor. Gelinlerin ve damatların düğün gününe son hız hazırlanmalarını sağlayan kandaki adrenalin seviyesi düğünden sonra aniden düşüyor, bu da aşırı yorgunluk, grip ve benzeri virütik hastalıklara yakalanmalarına yol açıyor.
Balayı dönüşü depresyon
İNGİLİZ Hayley Brown depresyona balayı dönüşü yakalanmış: "18 ayı her şeyin mükemmel olmasını planlayarak geçirdik, sonra bekleyecek hiçbir şey kalmadığı hissine kapıldım. Düğünde güzel görünmek için rejim yaptım. Ancak düğün bitince 'Hepsi bunun için miydi?' diye sordum kendime, sonra tekrar yemeye başladım, bir de bu yüzden depresyona girdim."<|endoftext|>- slide 1 of 5
It is necessary to apply to NASA to become an astronaut; however you will need extensive qualifications that include a technical education first. If selected, there is considerable additional training you will undergo, plus you could wait years before being chosen to go on an actual mission.
If you desire to qualify to be an astronaut; you will need to know the basic exactly what is required. For example, you must have at least a Bachelor's degree in a relevant science. It could be biology, mathematics, engineering or some other physical science. An advanced degree, such as a Master's or Doctorate is preferred. In order to become a pilot with NASA you have to have amassed at least 1,000 hours of pilot in command time. You must be able to pass a rigorous physical test, have correctable 20/20 vision, pass a blood pressure text and be between 64 and 76 inches tall.1 You must possess United States citizenship. Civilians and military personnel, both, are encouraged to apply for NASA astronaut positions.
- slide 2 of 5
Training and Screening
Those interested in serving as astronauts must be dedicated and possess strong endurance. Before consideration proceeds, would-be astronauts must go through an initial screening process. The process includes personal interviews, medical testing and an orientation to the NASA selection process. Ofttimes people wait for long periods before being informed they have been selected as a candidate. Once selected, they must go through two years of extensive training. During this period they attend scientific seminars or classes and participate in practical training, including the use of a space suit and how to fly a space shuttle.
After all this, the candidates face the arduous task of waiting. If a mission comes along, NASA chooses who they think will be the best fit for that particular mission. The first suitable opportunity may take years to arrive. The position of astronaut requires one who doesn't lack patience. Once selected for a mission, more training awaits—a minimum of at least six more months. That training is mission-specific.
An astronaut inductee is subject to all sorts of tests requiring physical and mental endurance. The candidate must have the ability to swim three laps in a 25-meter pool without stopping. He or she must also be able to swim while wearing a flight suit and shoes. He needs to be able to tread water, suited up, for a continuous ten minutes. Mission candidates are subjected to high and low atmospheric pressure—to microgravity and intense G-forces. Training includes the ability to handle any sort of emergency during a mission. If the candidate is able to make it through this strenuous process from beginning to end and NASA is satisfied with his level of performance, he will be selected to become a permanent astronaut. If, however, one is rejected for a particular mission, NASA will place set him aside for another opportunity. “Once you become an astronaut at NASA you will be expected to remain as an employee with NASA for at least five years."2
- slide 3 of 5
NASA and Your Future
NASA intends to revisit the moon and establish a base station on the moon. Perhaps by the year 2020 there will be an outpost on the moon. A base on the moon could serve as a launching site to the planets. There is talk of civilian space travel to and from the moon. NASA receives thousands of applications. Out of those, only a few hundred have been chosen to become full-fledged astronauts. However, jobs are still open should you wish to choose flying in space for your occupation.<|endoftext|>خبر کوتاه
یک مرد بی خانمان ایتالیایی که مظنون به سرقت پول و قتل «بو سولومون» دانشجوی ۱۹ ساله آمریکایی است روز سه شنبه توسط پلیس دستگیر شد.
جسد این دانشجو سه روز پس از مفقود شدن در رودخانه تیبر در شهر رم ایتالیا یافته شد. فرد دستگیر شده مسیمو گالیوتو یک بی خانمان ۴۰ ساله است.<|endoftext|>Keen-eyed users of Astronomy Now Online had a sneak preview of the Almanac from our Jupiter’s moon dance story, but we thought that the majority of users would find this observing planning tool useful, so we’ve added it as a pop-down menu accessed by clicking OBSERVING at the top of every webpage.
The Almanac opens with a table depicting current sky data and Solar System phenomena (including International Space Station visibility predictions and Jupiter’s Galilean moons) for the centre of the British Isles, but you can select an alternative global location from an alphabetised gazetteer, or a different date and time. Preset buttons let you step forward or backward in time by increments of one minute, hour, or day, automatically updating the information.
If you prefer your information packaged graphically and you’re a resident of the UK, we invite you to inspect our UK Sky Chart which, like the Almanac, you can find as a pop-down menu by clicking OBSERVING at the top of every webpage. See at a glance an all-sky map of the sky for any month and hour of the night (or day) and the positions of the planets from 2014 through 2016, including when the sky is in twilight or the Sun is above the horizon.
We’re striving to make continual improvements to these tools and provide new ones to help you get the most out of your precious observing time, so we’ll keep you informed of developments. Clear skies!<|endoftext|>恙虫病怎么治疗方法？恙虫病及时治疗很重要，患儿家长最好了解看看治疗方法，那么究竟恙虫病的治疗方法有哪些呢？如果您想要知道答案的话，就赶紧看看下面由小编准备的文章吧！ 1 一般治疗方法
病人应注意休息，避免劳累。可进食流质或半流质易被消化吸收的食物。补充B族维生素和维生素C。保持大便畅通，尿量为2000ml/d左右。
2 药物治疗方法
对恙虫病患者越早诊治，疗效越好。然而，当恙虫病患者的病程进入第2周后，临床表现则显著加重，出现多器官功能损害和明显的出血倾向。当病程进人第3周后，除病情明显加重外，抗菌药物治疗的疗效亦较差，患者的体温常需3～5天才能逐渐降至正常。少数患者可出现复发。复发时不再出现焦痂，应用与首次发病相同的抗菌药物治疗同样有效。
用药推荐：大环内酯类，包括红霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素、克拉霉素(克拉红霉素)等，对恙虫病有良好疗效。对儿童患者和妊娠患者，宜选用大环内酯类作病原治疗，如阿奇霉素、罗红霉素等。
3 并发症治疗方法
典型和重型患者可出现多种并发症和合并症，应及时采取适当的对症治疗措施，以提高治疗效果。
4 相关诊疗知识
就诊科室：传染科
治疗费用：不同医院收费标准不一致，市三甲医院约（1000-5000元）
治 愈 率：75%-85%
治疗周期：6-8周
治疗方法：药物治疗
12<|endoftext|>آنچه در این مقاله می خوانید
همه چیز در مورد مکمل آمینو
آمینو اسید ها واحد های سازنده پروتئین ها می باشند که معمولا در طبیعت به ۲ فرم L و D یافت می شوند. هنگامی که از طریق رژیم غذایی خود پروتین دریافت می کنیم، این پروتئین در دستگاه گوارش شکسته و به فرم آمینواسید ها وارد خون می گردند.
آمینواسید ها در فرآیندهایی همچون: تولید هورمون ها و آنزیم ها، رشد، بهبود خلق و خو، ترمیم بافتی و عملکرد ارگان ها نقش دارند.
آمینواسید ها در ورزشکاران مکمل پر طرفداری محسوب می شود. در ورزشکاران مکمل های آمینواسیدی موجب تحریک عضله سازی، کاهش خستگی، ریکاوری و افزایش عملکرد می شود.
غلات، سبزیجات، گوشت ها، لبنیات، دانه ها و مغزها حاوی آمینواسید ها می باشند.برای خاندن همه چیز در مورد مکمل آمینو به ادامه مطلب توجه کنید.
همه چیز در مورد مکمل آمینو
به طور کلی اسید های آمینه در ۳ دسته قرار میگیرند:
- آمینو اسید های ضروری: آمینواسید هایی هستند که بدن قادر به تولید آن ها نیست و باید از طریق رژیم غذایی تامین شوند. هیستیدین، لوسین، ایزولوسین، والین، لیزین، متیونین، فنیل آلانین، ترئونین و تریپتوفان اسید های آمینه ضروری محسوب می شوند.
- آمینواسید های غیر ضروری: حتی اگر این آمینواسید ها به میزان کافی در غذاهای ما وجود نداشته باشند، همچنان آمینواسید های غیرضروری در بدن به میزان نیاز تولید می شوند. این آمینواسید ها عبارت اند از: آلانین، آرژنین، آسپاراژین، آسپارتیک اسید، سیستئین، گلوتامیک اسید، گلوتامین، گلایسین، پرولین، سرین و تیروزین.
- آمینواسید های موقعیتی: اسید های آمینه ای هستند که در اساس غیر ضروری می باشند، اما در برخی شرایط و بیماری ها ضروری محسوب می شوند مثل آرژنین، سیستئین، گلوتامین، تیروزین، گلایسین، اورنیتین، پرولین و سرین
نیازی نیست در هر وعده همه ی آمینواسید ها را دریافت کنید، بلکه همین که یک رژیم متعادل در طول روز داشته باشید کافی است.<|endoftext|>淋巴瘤应该如何预防？
向您详细介绍淋巴瘤应该如何预防，常见预防措施有哪些。
淋巴瘤预防
一、淋巴瘤预防
1)注意气候变化，预防和积极治疗病毒感染。
2)密切注意浅表肿大的淋巴结的变化，对于家族成员中有类似疾病患者，更应高度警惕。
3)加强身体锻炼，提高机体的免疫力与抗病能力。
4)积极治疗与本病发生可能相关的其他慢性疾病，如慢性淋巴结炎、自体免疫性疾病等。
5)对于浅表的病变，应注意皮肤清洁，避免不必要的损伤或刺激。
二、其他注意事项
淋巴瘤早期无明显并发症出现，晚期则随病变的进展出现感染及相应组织器官受侵的临床表现。
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王亚非 | 天津市肿瘤医院 | 肿瘤科
每次查房，都会有病友拉住我问：“王大夫，我这一上化疗，头发哗哗地掉，好心疼啊。以后我的头发还能长出来吗？”今天我们就来聊一聊化疗为什么会脱发。化疗药物为什么会引起脱...
王亚非 | 天津市肿瘤医院 | 肿瘤科<|endoftext|>The Khareef season in Oman has the potential to offer more than merely an influx of tourists. A unique Ministry of Environment project aims to collect water from fog in Dhofar and use it to combat drought.
The project is the first-of-its kind to be implemented on this scale. It aims to take advantage of the Khareef season by harvesting fog, which it would then use on deserted areas.
According to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs, when implemented last year, the Fog Collection Project successfully collected 350,000 gallons of water from fog during the Khareef.
Speaking to Times of Oman, an official from the ministry said: “The project contributes to helping reduce the loss of vegetation on the Dhofar mountains, by taking advantage of the accumulated water from the fog to irrigate cultivated seedlings and allow for the natural growth of trees.
“The project will lead to slowing down desertification. The project also helps to provide fresh water supplies on the Salalah plain throughout the year.”
Last year the project managed to accumulate water from a total of 931,260 cubic metres of fog. It was implemented in four different areas of Dhofar; Ambroof in the wilayat of Rakhyut, Al Haq in the wilayat of Taqa, Titam and Mafraq Zik in the wilayat of Salalah.
Speaking about some of the
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the mind. Most of this information is created to sell some kind of product and requires “passive” viewing. One can accept or reject what one has just seen, but interaction is not necessary.
In direct contrast to commercial images, art such as the examples in this unit demands “active” viewing. Each work is presented so that analysis and discussion will lead to informed opinions from the students, instead of instant rejection or acceptance. This process of becoming an “active” viewer will be discussed later under the heading of Objectives and Strategies.
The artists to be considered: Archibald Motley, Jr.
________William H. Johnson
all African-Americans, were chosen because they project a personal viewpoint within the American cultural experience. Their subject matter can be interpreted as socially or politically significant, or as examples of the Black experience in America, but, ultimately their art has intrinsic value because it reflects specific times, places, and events through the individual artist’s perspective. These works speak to the viewer about feeling and spirit within us through a universal language of form.
This unit is designed for a student population in an arts magnet public high school. It is aimed primarily at grades ten through twelve, or for those who have completed at least one semester of art. This population contains students who are college-bound as well as those who do not know what they will do with themselves, even if they graduate. Some students come with a sophisticated art background, but most do not, and this curriculum is directed towards the less sophisticated students, enabling them to build onto what he or she already knows.
In my school, most students’ ethnic and cultural backgrounds are Afro-American and Hispanic. There is a high level of visual awareness among these high school students with regard to dress and hairstyle, and they coordinate rich patterns, colors, and textures into inventive, attractive combinations of clothes, shoes, hair, and makeup. These students tend to lack a vocabulary to describe the details of their look, and cannot take this awareness out of context. For example, it is very difficult to get them to paint with the colors they wear. Even when they learn to control color mixing, they often do not see the fitness of using these mixed colors for their art work.
Most of our students have very good gross motor skills and a strong kinesthetic sense. Many are involved in dance and drama, activities in which they exhibit these abilities with confidence. However, a large percentage of arts students seem to lack experience in using their fine motor skills; therefore, many are frustrated with three-dimensional techniques such as folding, cutting, and gluing, and are dissatisfied if their work appears messy or comes apart. Much of this frustration can be alleviated through careful demonstrations of techniques. The arts classes also contain learning disabled students, some of whom exhibit extraordinary abilities, particularly in drawing or painting. These students often need special help in understanding directions or in trying something new. Also, the arts magnet school has plenty of completely unmotivated students who are uncooperative and seemingly uninterested in the arts.
The lessons in this unit have been designed to help students to produce satisfying works of art in a relatively short time. All art activities should take between 3 and 5 regular class periods.
The whole unit is designed to be used at the beginning of a semester, when students are still relatively unsure about the expectations of the class. It should last between six and eight weeks, depending on the school calendar of events and the speed with which activities are completed. Students should be allowed to proceed at their own pace as long as work is continuous.
1. Increase the methods in which visual information is delivered. 2. Develop awareness of the cultural heritage represented by selected artists. 3. Learn an art vocabulary for purposes of oral discussion as well as for written descriptions of works of art. 4. Sharpen observational skills in order to become an “active” viewer and to identify with the artist or subject matter. 5. Understand that works of art have value because they define an individual or a society in a particular place, at a particular time. 6. Gain cultural perspective by analyzing and understanding disparities in experience and by searching for common experiences.1
1. Students will observe works of art in the form of slide reproductions, print reproductions (22” x 30”), and books in order to increase the ways in which visual information is received. The reproductions will be available long enough for students to observe the work at their own rate. 2. Students will be asked to define what they think art is. Works of art from various cultures and centuries will be shown in a brief slide presentation. Art will be described as a message, a means of communication. It expresses people’s experience and how they feel about that experience. 3. Students need to have a working vocabulary of art terms before they can use the object analysis process for sharpening observational skills. The individual teacher will know best as to how extensive this vocabulary needs to be in order to suit the ability of his or her class. The terms can be described as similar to the parts of speech, only these terms are parts of a language of form. Descriptions of line, color, shape, space, and texture should be included. For example, in discussing the element of line, students should become familiar with placement and direction, as in horizontal, vertical, diagonal, and parallel. More advanced students can talk about converging or intersecting lines. Also, the use of adjectives should be encouraged in order to differentiate lines, as in “jagged” diagonal line or “thick” parallel lines. It is important to keep the descriptions as factual as possible. A. The students will make their own glossary by writing down the terms from the board as they appear in the context of looking at and describing a reproduction together with the teacher. B. Flash cards will be made in class in groups. The term will appear on one side and the definition on the other. C. Evaluation of terminology knowledge can be made through matching or fill-in-the-blank tests. D. Using their own flash cards, students will look at an unfamiliar work and describe it according to the formal elements of line, shape, color, value, and texture. These elements correspond to those used in the complete formal analysis of an object, which is the next strategy in becoming an “active” viewer.
Art elicits both individual and cultural responses because each of us has aesthetic needs and expectations. These needs manifest themselves in a concern for how things look and for harmonious organization. This awareness is processed through the personal experiences and the development of the individual. A wide variety of individual responses may be expected from students since these responses result from various levels of awareness, including knowledge of self and sensitivity to one’s social environment. In contrast, a cultural response reflects identification with peers or community, and students have a tendency to stay within the confines of the peer group’s value system. Therefore, the students should be encouraged to define their personal reactions to works of art in order to stimulate the understanding of something new and unfamiliar. In this way, they have the opportunity to learn more about themselves and their own culture.
4. The process of object analysis allows the student to perceive the facts of a work by taking it apart layer by layer. In this way, speculation or how they feel about a work is reserved until last, and students are able to see things in the work they would ordinarily pass by with casual observation. Students interact with the works of art and become “active” viewers, not just “passive receivers.” A. Describe physical characteristics (may be unclear in reproductions) 1. Size 2. Materials B. Taking inventory (this is also subject matter, but I have renamed the idea to make it clearer to the students). 1. Name the things (everything!) 2. Work larger to smaller C. Formal analysis using art terms of line, shape, color, value, texture 1. Where are dominant lines? 2. Where do lines come together into geometric shapes? 3. Does it look like there are any solid geometric shapes in the work? 4. Describe the colors from strongest (most saturated) to weakest. 5. Describe the light or value in the work from brightest to darkest. 6. Where is the texture? Is it on the surface? Is it depicted (painted to look like) or could you really feel it? D. Arriving at deductions: using the descriptions from above, what are some reasonable conclusions? What seems logical? Two ways to help figure out what is going on in the piece are, first, to imagine being inside the work and wondering what you see. The second is to imagine being outside the work thinking about what they might see in relation to you. E. Speculation—the fun part! How do you feel about it? Why do you feel that way? Students should be able to back up their judgments with reasons. This will help them feel more confident about offering an opinion, since it is now an “informed” opinion. Using the art vocabulary should also be encouraged at this point to help legitimize students’ feelings.2 5. Understanding the intrinsic value of works of art and gaining a cultural perspective (objectives #5 and #6) will come from the last section, speculation, of the object analysis process, and through the actual creation by students of their own art based on various aspects of the selected works of arts viewed.
Students will also learn to value art as they begin to create their own work based on a particular aspect of one of the selected works of art. Several slides by the same artist will be shown, accompanied by biographical information about the artist. One work will be selected and analyzed according to strategy #4 in group discussion. A lesson will be presented which incorporates a stylistic or characteristic quality of the artist. Students will be encouraged to use what they have seen, discussed, and felt about the selected works of art. They will gain cultural perspective through active involvement and invention. In this way, they will have transformed their own experience into something concrete and fulfilled a universal need to express the human spirit.
Lesson Plan #1 “OBJECT ANALYSIS: BLUES, BY ARCHIBALD MOTLEY, JR. (1929)”
Objective Produce a written analysis of Archibald Motley, Jr.’s painting, Blues (1929).
Materials List The Cotton Club, 1984, Francis Ford Coppola, Director
- Reproduction of Blues (1929)
Motivation Show the opening segment of the movie The Cotton Club that depicts the atmosphere inside the club in 1928. The film should be stopped to allow the class to describe the scenes in detail. Students should be encouraged to describe the characters and their dress or costuming, art forms (singing, dancing, instrumental music, etc.), and props. Students should also discuss the social stratification portrayed in the film.
Display the reproduction of Blues (1929), supplying artist’s name, title of work, and when it was painted. Distribute handouts and follow the process of object analysis as explained in strategy 4. Use the descriptive experience from the film to initiate the inventory phase. This first analysis can be done as a group with the teacher writing the students’ interpretations on the board as they write the same material on their own papers. The speculation section can be individually written and voluntarily read aloud so as not to intimidate budding critics.
Provide the remaining biographical information in its historical context and encourage discussion.
Lesson Plan #2 “MOVING FIGURE”
Objective Paint a repeated moving figure using geometric shapes.
Materials List Magazines and catalogues
- Tracing paper
- Watercolor paints, brushes, and paper
- Water containers
Words to Emphasize Value—perceived lightness and darkness in a visual image
Contrast—Noticeable differences in one art element, such as value, color, or texture
Motivation Present the slides of Jacob Lawrence’s art with biographical information. Analyze Parade (1960) according to strategy 4.
Describe the lesson objective and display an unfinished example. Start by demonstrating how to look for a high contrast color photograph of a complete figure, at least 5‘ or 6‘ high, in magazines and catalogues. Look for one which suggests movement. Point out the shapes made by the lighting contrasts in the photograph. Where are the darkest values, the lightest, and the medium values? Demonstrate how to tape tracing paper over the photo and trace the outlines of the darkest shapes first, the lightest second, and the medium value shapes last, working from the most obvious values to the most subtle. Simplify each form and leave no unconnected lines.
Take finished tracing, turn it over so that the pencil side is next to the watercolor paper, and retrace, transferring the tracing as if it were a carbon. After the first figure is finished, move the tracing around as desired and retrace three or four more times. Add a simple background suggesting an indoor or outdoor space.
Review watercolor techniques and have students choose a limited palette of four or five mixed colors. Show how to control the values by adding more water to get a light shade and how to use the sponge to avoid “puddles.” The use of black should be minimal in order to maintain clarity.
By painting the repeated shapes of the figure with a limited palette of contrasting colors, students will understand how to unify their compositions in much the same way Jacob Lawrence did in Parade. The appeal lies in the manipulation of formal elements, and our students can learn to do it, too.
Lesson Plan #3 “MEMORY PICTURE”
Objective To make a cloth collage representing an event or memory.
- Felt and cloth scraps
- 12” x 12” burlap
- White muslin
- Permanent fine-line markers
Words to Emphasize Style—the quality which gives a particular character to artistic expression
Naive—referring to style: unsophisticated, unschooled, or natural. This term, when used in art, does not refer to lack of talent or ability; it is descriptive rather than judgmental.
Motivation Present the slides of Faith Ringgold’s art with biographical information. Choose one work and analyze it according to strategy 4. Read and discuss together Ringgold’s children’s book, Tar Beach. (Refer to bibliography.)
Ask students if they have any wishes or memories similar to Cassie’s in Tar Beach. (Suggestions: birthdays, a new baby, falling off a bicycle.) How would they draw this event?
Does it have to look realistic? Why or why not? Do Ringgold’s works of art look realistic? Why did she choose this style of painting?
Sketch two or three ideas onto newsprint. Write down the accompanying memories and make sure that the picture idea coordinates with the written statement.
Draw desired shapes onto scraps of fabric and felt and cut them out. Assemble pieces large to small, layering and overlapping as desired. Glue in the same way, large pictures first.
Tape a muslin strip flat and use a ruler and pencil to space writing. Write down in pencil very lightly first. Write over with permanent marker. Cut out strip and glue to 12” x 12” burlap square.
Piece together or arrange separately.
The emerging group of Black painters, dancers, musicians, and writers, led by scholars Alain Locke and W. E. B. DuBois, and the poet Langston Hughes, among others, preferred to contribute their efforts towards a New Negro Movement, searching for alternate lifestyles that were inspired by the folk culture the previous Black generation had rejected.4 The New Negro Movement also became known as the Harlem Renaissance (or rebirth) since Harlem was the center of this new creative energy. White intellectuals found Harlem very attractive as well, describing the new forms of cultural expression as “primitive,” “exotic,” and “sensual.” With this perspective, African-Americans continued as the subjects of myths and stereotypes to the majority white culture.5
Meanwhile, the role of the Negro artist was hotly debated, with Black writers and artists who accepted traditional white values on one side of the argument and the “New Negro” on the other. The Black intellectual elite, including writer Wallace Thurman and editor George Schyler, expected artists to be concerned with aesthetic decisions while enhancing the image while society had of “Negro culture.” They felt that this was one way to break down cultural barriers towards their goal of assimilation. Younger artists wanted to retain a separate, cultural identity and to present themselves as true to life as possible, reflecting the crucial social problems of their time.6
In 1928, he was recognized by the art establishment with a one-man show in at the Ainslee Galleries, New York. Nevertheless, patronage for African-Americans, even acclaimed painters, was almost nonexistent and Motley was one of many artists during the Depression who supported themselves by creating murals for the Federal Arts Project (1935-39), a division of the Works Progress Administration.9
Johnson had been awarded numerous prizes, and Still Life, produced between 1921 and 1926, is an example of his academic style of painting in New York. While in Paris, he met Henry O. Tanner and was influenced by modern French artists. This exposure to different kinds of painters led Johnson to experiment with his own style, and by the late nineteen twenties, he settled on an interpretation of German Expressionism (a manner of painting using coarse brushstrokes, distorted forms, and bright, unrealistic color to convey feelings) as seen in his Self-portrait from 1929.
Around this time, he married a Danish woman who was a ceramicist and textile artist, and they went to live in a small fishing village in Denmark. He related closely to the country people’s way of living, because it reminded him of his own people in the rural South. A few years later, the couple traveled to North Africa in order to learn about African pottery and other native arts and crafts, and those experiences increased Johnson’s interest in what he perceived as the primitive ways of people.10
As this interest grew, so did a need to change his way of doing art. He wanted his paintings to represent the spiritual awakening within himself regarding his African-American cultural heritage, and made a conscious decision to “unlearn” previous academic training. Johnson worked hard towards formulating this new artistic goal. Harbor Under the Midnight Sun (1935-38) is an example of that transitional phase, and upon his return to Harlem in 1938, Johnson devoted his energy to creating paintings that expressed aspects of the Black experience in America.
The works of art of this period (1939-41) are simplified into crude and somewhat awkward shapes using four or five colors with little or no change in value.11 Subject matter regarding traditional Christian themes appeared in Johnson’s work during these years, but his interpretations broke with tradition and celebrated Black Christianity. All of the figures in Mt. Calvary (1939) and I Baptize Thee (1940) are black, and the clothes and postures of the individuals are not very different from those in his paintings of modern day themes. Johnson intended his works of art to be interpreted as social statements, linking the contemporary suffering of an oppressed people to the story of Christianity.12
Bearden’s paintings of Black life in the South fit into the program agenda, which encouraged imaginative and emotional interpretations of all aspects of American life rendered in a technical, realistic manner. He did not stay within the artistic mainstream, however, and throughout his life he studied and borrowed from Western, Chinese, Japanese, and African art. The Bible, Homer, and Jazz were also sources for his creative expression.14
Believing that meaningful art needed a subject, he chose to concentrate on the African-American experience. His paintings were intended to go beyond what they appeared to represent, conveying the historical and ceremonial content of his subject matter. Through a personal visual language which included images symbolizing memories of the South, Harlem, and, later, the Caribbean, along with guitar players, conjure women, trains, cats, birds, and other winged creatures, Bearned expressed
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Ayurveda believes that the entire universe is composed of five elements: Vayu (Air), Jala (Water), Aakash (Space or ether), Prithvi (Earth) and Teja (Fire). These five elements (referred to as Pancha Mahabhoota in Ayurveda) are believed to form the three basic humors of human body in varying combinations.
Who wrote Charaka Samhita?
It was revised by Charaka between 100 BCE and 200 CE and renamed Charaka Samhitā. The pre-2nd century CE text consists of eight books and one hundred and twenty chapters….
|120 (in 8 books)<|endoftext|>生活中的静电是人们非常熟悉的一种自然现象。既然有静电就会产生干扰，静电放电ESD却又成为电子产品和设备的一种危害，造成电子产品和设备的功能紊乱甚至部件损坏。现代半导体器件的规模越来越大，工作电压越来越低，导致了半导体器件对外界电磁骚扰敏感程度也大大提高。ESD对于电路引起的干扰、对元器件、CMOS电路及接口电路造成的破坏等问题越来越引起人们的重视。电子设备的ESD也开始作为电磁兼容性测试的一项重要内容写入国家标准和国际标准，继而就产生ESD静电保护这么一个元器件产品。
今天里阳半导体带大家了解静电保护器件里面最常用的一种——ESD静电保护元器件！
一、ESD静电保护元器件类型
静电保护元器件ESD分为单向ESD静电保护器件和双向ESD静电保护器件：
单向ESD静电保护元器件只可以通过正击穿电压（VBR）的信号，如果通过负的就会造成ESD器件击穿，
而双向ESD静电保护元器件可以通过正负击穿电压（VBR）的信号；
静电保护元器件ESD它的封装形式多样化，有DFN0603,DFN1006,SOD923,SOD523,SOD323,SOT23,SOT23-6,SOT363,SOT523,SOT553,SOT563,DFN1616-6,DFN2020-3,DO-8,DFN1610,DFN2626-10,DFN3020-10,DFN4120-10,DFN3810-9,DFN2510-10,DFN2020-6,MSOP-8,SOT-143等；
二、ESD静电保护元器件的作用是什么呢？
其实电路保护器件ESD的作用就有点像人有时候要买保险，车要买车险是一样的道理，电路也需要保护。在正常的情况下看不到它作用所在，一旦电路出现浪涌、脉冲，静电时，这时候所起的作用就非同小可了，它可保护整个电路体系免受浪涌、脉冲、静电的破坏从而降低损失。虽然ESD静电可能会造成产品工作异常、死机，甚至损坏并引发其他的安全问题。不过大家可以放心一般在产品上市之前，国内或国外检测部门都要求进行ESD静电和其它浪涌冲击的测试，确保一切合格才能上市，这点请大家放心。
三、ESD静电保护元器件应用领域
ESD静电保护元器件应用在哪些领域？静电保护元器件的许多功能已经应用到军工或民用产品中，如静电除尘、静电喷涂、静电分离、静电复印等，里面都涉及到各种静电保护器件。随着科学技术的发展，电力、电子产品日益多样化、复杂化，电路保护越来越受到关注，所应用的电路保护元件也越来越多，所以在选择ESD静电保护元器件时可根据静电保护元器件ESD的快速响应时间、低箝位电压、高电流浪涌承受能力这三个方面来结合选购，也可咨询里阳半导体专业技术人员，我们将为您提供详细的解决方案！<|endoftext|>Well, duz it? If we can get the meaning of a sentence even if the spelling isn’t ‘standard’, how much does it matter if the letters are in the right order?
This is a much wider debate and a much bigger topic than I’m giving space for here, but I’m just really interested to hear what people think. Pretty much everyone has seen the muddled up sentences that appear on Facebook, showing that the placement of just a few letters can help our brains to unscramble the rest:
“Adcroncig to a rscaereh at an eisgnlh uisrnteviy, it dseon’t meattr in waht oerdr the leettrs in a wrod are, the olny ioatnrpmt tihng is taht fisrt and lsat ltteer is at the rgiht palce. The rset can be a ttaol mses and you can stlil raed it wuothit pborlem. Tihs is bseucae we do not raed evrey lteetr by iteslf but the wrod as a whloe. Cerheio.”*
This is an extreme example, but it does show that we don’t need correct spelling to make sense of everything we read – although we would get a headache if we kept at it for too long. So, is spelling more about tradition, ‘correctness’ and a narrow vision of the way language works?
I posted this picture on my Company Facebook page before Christmas…
I spotted it near my home, and drove round the block so that I could get out and take a picture. Whilst most people commented on how uncomfortable or inadvisable it would be to smoke a holly reef or dive at a holly reef, some people were unconcerned – you know what they’re selling, and it’s made you stop and read the sign, so perhaps it’s clever marketing?
What about text speak?
There were a lot of newspaper and online column inches about text speak a few years ago. Teens could apparently only answer exam questions in text speak; English would be dead in just a couple of years; the end of the correctly-spelled word was nigh.
In fact, adults are now more likely to use text speak than children, who have smartphones and tablets with a qwerty keyboard (I love how easy it is to type qwerty) and so just type everything out in full. Spelling, punctuation and grammar are making a comeback in GCSE exams, with a percentage of marks in some exams being targeted just at these elements, so I don’t think we can blame the kids for being lax.
What do you think?
When is it important to spell properly, and when doesn’t it matter? Does it ALWAYS matter? Which spelling mistakes get on your nerves the most? Would you refuse to buy from a business because it couldn’t spell? Do spill.<|endoftext|>奥巴马被气的咬牙切齿 不知道该拿中国怎么办
美国很纠结，不知道拿中国怎么办：入侵中国吧，她可能把你吞了; 你不入侵中国吧，中国人就特别“和平”地入侵你。
有钱的没钱的全来了，旅游的，留学的，投资的，走迷路的，全来了。
美国的航母顶多在离中国不远的地方趴着 ; 而中国的和平大军不一样，一进美国就玩“军民鱼水情”.
女人们跟打歼灭战似的就把美国男人给嫁了，不出几年，新一代的美国公民全能用中文叫妈叫爸了。
哪个民族架得住这样同化呀!美国人本来想用麦当劳、肯德基同化中国。可是，没过几年功夫，“肯德基” 就开始卖豆浆油条，到底谁在同化谁呀? 据初步统计，在美国的中餐馆有执照的已有上百万家，散布在所有有人类喘气的地方，比任何连锁店都厉害?
美国总统奥巴马造访旧金山的一家中餐馆买食品
美国成年人能独立用两根木棍儿吃饱饭的高达百分之八十;而且百分之二十五的美国人开始迷恋上啃鸡爪子，百分之五的美国人认为臭豆腐是香的。
走进美国大学，学生一半以上是从中国来的
近日来美国出现枪杀案，不少中国人说“白人开枪，黑人抢劫，老墨贩毒，就中国人安分守法，言外之意让中国人接管美国，其余各族人民哪来回哪儿，退回原籍。
好给中国人腾地儿。”走进美国大学，学生一半以上是从中国来的，教授也是从中国来的，有时讲着讲着课就换中文了，让美国学生在自己的国土有种“亡国奴”的感觉。
说真的，中国的语言实在不是人学的。上汉语的第一课，中国老师就告诉我们英语的 “I” ( 我的意思 )译成中文： 男的可以用爷，女的用老娘，皇上用朕孤，皇后用哀家，百姓用鄙人，老人用老夫，青年用小生，和尚用贫僧，道士用贫道，粗人用俺咱，文人用小可，豪放可称洒家，婉约可叫不才，对上称在下，对下称本座，平民称草民， 还有奴辈，卑职，晚辈，晚生，老夫，老朽，老子，你大爷我 等等意思。
美国人听完当时就晕了，这才是一个最简单的“我”字呀。
穿衣搭配应与体形相称
2019年 重庆卫视 全天时段广告刊例价格
羊绒和羊毛有哪些区别<|endoftext|>Genova, scontro nella notte fra un'ambulanza e uno scooter in corso Europa
La moto nell'impatto sarebbe andata quasi completamente distrutta
E' ancora da chiarire la dinamica dell'incidente avvenuto nel cuore della notte fra sabato e domenica nel quartiere di San Martino, all'incrocio fra Corso Europa e via Mosso a Genova. A restare coinvolti nello scontro, un'ambulanza e uno scooter, Il mezzo a due ruote, nell'impatto, è andato quasi completamente distrutto ma il centauro alla guida pare non aver riportato ferite di grave entità. Riguarda la dinamica, pare che l'ambulanza stesse attraversando l'incrocio con la sirena accesa visto che stava trasportando un paziente.<|endoftext|>The data are the average and S.E. host cell. Antigen receptors have common structural features that include a low molecular excess weight polypeptide bearing an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based Mouse monoclonal to BDH1 activation motif. The tyrosines of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif are phosphorylated to recruit a variety of Src homology 2 (SH2)2 -made up of lipid, shikonofuran A tyrosine, and serine/threonine kinases, many adapter proteins, and several enzymes. Together, the enzymes generate second messengers that include increased cytoplasmic Ca2+, inositol trisphosphate, diacylglycerol, and phosphoinositide lipids to cause cell activation (examined in Refs. 1,C3). BCR transmission transduction causes B cells to increase expression of MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 (4). However, the expression of these proteins by themselves is usually insufficient to promote B-T interaction and the production of high affinity, class-switched antibodies and long lived memory. Rather, T-B conversation is usually driven by antigenic peptides derived from BCR-endocytosed antigens (5). Many studies have identified transmission transduction pathways that support transcription factor activation leading to up-regulation of surface proteins that support B-T conversation. Very few studies have shown a connection between those signaling events and BCR internalization following antigen binding. Other receptors in the immune system that are similar to BCR include the T cell antigen receptor and a variety of immunoglobulin receptors, including IgG receptors FcRI, -II, and -III shikonofuran A and IgE receptors Fc?RI and -II. The IgG receptors generally do not endocytose their targets upon engagement; instead, these receptors phagocytose large particles having IgG bound to them. The high affinity FceRI is shikonofuran A usually endocytosed in a lipid raft using the GTPase dynamin (6). The low affinity Fc?RII uses clathrin and dynamin for endocytosis (7). The T cell antigen receptor is usually endocytosed after antigen binding along with a protein complex that contains the tyrosine kinase ZAP-70 and two tyrosine-phosphorylated adapter proteins LAT (linker of activated T cells) and SLP-76 (8). T cell antigen receptor internalization is usually associated with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif phosphorylation and recruitment of ZAP-70, phosphorylation of ZAP-70 at Tyr-292, and subsequent recruitment of the adapter protein Cbl to phosphorylated ZAP-70 (9). T cell antigen receptor internalization also entails WASp (Wiskott Aldrich syndrome protein), which links actin reorganization and the small GTPase Cdc42 (10). WASp recruits Intersectin 2, a Dbl homology-containing protein that potentially activates Cdc42 to stimulate WASp-catalyzed actin reorganization. We recently reported that receptor-triggered BCR endocytosis required Vav1 and/or Vav3 isoforms such that BCR endocytosis was completely blocked in B cells of Vav1,3?/? mice. Other BCR-triggered functions in Vav1,3-deficient B cells like up-regulation of MHC class II, CD80, and CD86 and transmission transduction events like the influx of Ca2+, the activation of MAPK modules, and of Akt were equivalent to those of wild-type B cells. Thus, Vav1 and/or -3 are uniquely and completely required for BCR shikonofuran A endocytosis, whereas Vav2 can substitute for all other BCR-triggered functions, including B cell development and maturation. Vav contains a Dbl homology domain name, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain name, and a C-terminal protein interaction domain name that includes an Src homology 2 (SH2) domain name flanked by two SH3 domains (11). Vav is usually activated by tyrosine phosphorylation at Tyr-174 (12), which allows the catalytic Dbl homology domain name to act on small GTPases (13). Vav phosphorylation is usually achieved by Vav recruitment to the site of tyrosine kinases associated with the receptors. Vav is usually recruited to the scaffolding protein LAT in T cells (14) and to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-generated lipids in many cytokine receptors (15,C18). Both CD19 tyrosine phosphorylation (19) and PI3K-generated 3-phosphoinositide lipids (20) are induced upon BCR activation. It is not clear which of these mechanisms are operative in supporting Vav activation during BCR endocytosis. The Vav family of proteins (Vav1, -2, and -3) acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factors for many small GTPases, including Rac1/2, RhoA/G, and possibly Cdc42 (11). Vav1 and -3 isoforms prefer Rac1/2 and RhoA/G but do not identify Cdc42 (21). Vav2 is usually capable of causing GTP loading of Cdc42 and Rac1/2 but has less activity toward RhoA/G (22, 23)..<|endoftext|>For years, I thought I was doing my body good by eating whole wheat breads, pastas, and grains. I struggled with a variety of health issues during my adolescence and early adulthood, but I thought, doggedly, that if I just kept eating my whole grains and vegetables, all problems would eventually be resolved. So it came as no small shock that the very grains I was consuming for their much-touted “health properties” might actually have been making me sick.
The wheat on the market today is a new breed, different from grains consumed by Americans in the early decades of the 20th century. And more and more research suggests these new strains might not be as healthy as they’re cracked up to be, leading to exponential increases in gluten sensitivities among other potential human health issues.
Wait, Wheat? — The Need-to-Know
Modern wheat differs from its origins as the result of intense cross-breeding programs, which have turned the crop into something neither physically nor genetically like its old self. While the classic plants grew over four feet tall, modern wheat (grown in 99 percent of the world’s wheat fields) is now derisively dubbed “dwarf wheat,” standing just two feet in height with an abnormally large seed head balanced atop its stocky stem. These dramatic physical changes are paralleled by genetic shifts, the result of crossing wheat with non-wheat grasses and inducing genetic mutations through irradiation and exposure to toxins. (It should be noted that these processes are not the same as genetic engineering.)
The Role of Gluten
The compositional changes of wheat have very real impacts for the humans who consume it. Crossbreeding programs have changed the structure of wheat’s gluten proteins, providing a possible explanation for why the prevalence of celiac disease and gluten intolerance has increased dramatically in the United States over the last 50 years
An increase in celiac diagnoses can be partly attributed to heightened awareness of the disease (it’s also possible this incidence rate is exaggerated, as the phenomenon isn’t yet observed in other parts of the “developed” world). But as occurrences of celiac disease have escalated, so too has the prevalence of gluten sensitivity — which researchers now define as a separate clinical entity, similar to (and perhaps even more widespread than) celiac
When it comes to modern wheat, gluten is quickly becoming the most famous “protein of interest.” But wheat’s composition has changed in other ways that are raising eyebrows.
Some critics of modern wheat cite health risks associated with its high levels of the starch Amylopectin A, which has been linked to the development of insulin resistance (a precursor to diabetes, heart disease, and weight gain) in rats
Also under suspicion are modern wheat’s polypeptides, chains of amino acids that make up the protein
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判定依据
1、声测管周向偏移引起的声速一深度，波幅一深度曲线异常特征：所谓周向偏移，是指某根声测管在该桩三根或四根声测管所处的圆周上偏移，这就使一对声测管距离缩短，因而声速变大、波幅增大，相应的，另一对声测管管距也会增加，从而导致声速变小，波幅变小，因此，根据两对检测管的声时，波幅异常的互补关系，就可以确定是哪一根声测管发生偏移，向什么方向偏移了。
2、声测管的径向偏移引起的声速，深度，波幅和深度曲线的异常特征：声测管的径向偏移，是指一个或者多个声测管接近或离开桩心，并引起两对或三对以上的声测管声速变大或减小，波幅变大或减小。<|endoftext|>Located in Habaraduwa, a few miles from trendy Unawatuna Beach, the Sea Turtle Hatchery is one of many along the Sri Lankan coastline. A must-visit for vacationers in the southern part of the island nation, it has one objective: “Save, conserve, and keep the turtle population intact.”
Upon arriving, Kisha, the tour guide, gave visitors a tour of the hatchery. Her detailed explanations were useful for anyone who wished to know more about these sea creatures. “Among the seven species, five live in Sri Lanka,” she explains.
Different species of sea turtles found at the hatchery
The Leatherback turtle is the largest on Earth, reaching up to 6 ft. in length and weighing over 2,000 lbs. The shell consists of one plate with five ridges that differentiate from the others. The Green turtle, reaching up to 3 ft. long and weighing over 350 lbs, has a shell with a pigment that looks like the sun’s rays. On the other hand, Loggerhead turtles are the most common in Florida, and they can reach up to 4 ft. long and weigh over 450 lbs. Their very large head of reddish brown color is a distinctive feature. Then there’s the Hawksbill turtle that grows 3.5 ft. long and weighs up to 180 lbs. Named for the shape of their beak, which looks similar to the beak of a raptor, these turtles have beautiful shell patterns and were hunted nearly to extinction. The Kemp’s Ridley turtles, named after R. Kemp, the fisherman who first described them in 1906, has a length up to 30 inches and weighs about 80 lbs. It’s the smallest of the seven species.
The hatchery houses a hatching farm, a sand pit in which an identification card is placed with information about the type of turtle, the date, and the number of eggs. There’s also a small exhibition to learn how to identify the different type of eggs and baby turtles. When the eggs hatch, they aren’t released into the ocean right away. The guide told us that the survival rate is substantially higher if they’re released a bit older and bigger. As we all know, there are predators lurking around the beaches and see these cute, little black turtles as their main meal. Only one out of 100 survives the dangers of the oceans.
“Most of the turtles (five out of the seven species) live and originate close to Sri Lanka, and most are probably encountered while snorkeling or scuba diving,” our guide said.
Next, we were directed to a tank where baby turtles are kept before being released into the ocean, which always occurs at around 5:00 p.m. Watching this event is possible with a simple donation, and the money is always used for turtle conservation projects. The turtles appeared to be very happy swimming in their tanks, seemingly unaware of the challenges of the ocean they were about to face. Even though it isn’t allowed to touch them, we were lucky that the guide let us hold a baby turtle; my son was elated. There were hundreds of baby turtles of different species swimming in the tank. By the way, the sex of the turtle can’t be determined for several years.
Several other tanks contained various species of turtles of different ages and sizes saved from fishing nets, motorboat or natural injuries by either locals, fishermen, or animal conservation groups. Those turtles were waiting to be released upon healing at one point, but no one knew when.
The two injured turtles injured by a motorboat weren’t able to submerge. They were found simply floating at the water ‘s surface. The conservation group was hoping that they would learn to submerge once again so that they could return to their ocean home one day. There were also Hawksbill turtles swimming in a tank, and seemed to enjoy their time, all the while showing their faces to visitors.
What’s interesting is that at night many locals dig in the beaches to find these eggs, so that they can sell them to the conservation groups and make a living from it. You may see people as well as conservation groups collecting eggs in order to bring them to the hatchery.
The cost of visiting the hatchery is merely 500 rupees ($3), but kids are free. Even though hatcheries are small in size, with a few tanks on display, they make an effort to safeguard the species and contribute to their propagation. Sometimes you may not see sea turtles in hatcheries because they’ve been released into the ocean; so, you’ll want to call those locations in advance or reschedule your visit for another time when there are turtles to admire.
— Uncharted101.com (@Uncharted1o1) October 25, 2017<|endoftext|>Dan Janison has been a reporter at Newsday since 1997.
The latest slogan co-opted by Donald Trump gained its place in American history six years before the Republican presidential candidate was born.
“America First,” the stated theme of his muddled foreign policy speech Wednesday, prompted some to remember the America First Committee formed in 1940.
For its brief existence, the committee opposed aid to the allies in World War II even as Britain faced attack from Nazi Germany. Committee leaders included the politically controversial aviator Charles Lindbergh and such others as Gen. Robert E. Wood and Sen. Gerald P. Nye.
Early on, the organization claimed 800,000 members, but it disbanded after the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. Some later derided its program as right-wing isolationism, but the committee included such leftists as pacifist minister Norman Thomas and progressive historian Charles Beard.
Sympathizers saw it as a morally inspired, anti-war effort, born in the wake of World War I when many people wondered what the nation gained for its hundreds of thousands of casualties in Europe.
How its history may fit today with Trump’s verbal swaggering is anyone’s guess.
Just the same, Trump’s slogan “Make America Great Again” was also lifted from another time and context.
In 1979, Ronald Reagan’s campaign first declared “Let’s Make America Great Again.” He won the White House the following year amid an economic downturn and the final chapters of the Cold War.<|endoftext|>Informally, the main difference between nondeterministic algorithms and the normal, deterministic, algorithms is that when provided with multiple choices to take, the deterministic solution will have to check one of them at a time in sequence while the nondeterministic version can cheat a bit. There are two main ways to look at it that I know of:
When faced with multiple possibilities, the nondeterministic version runs all of them in parallel, suceeding if any of the threads succeed and failing if all of them fail.
When faced with multiple possibilities, the nondeterministic version always luckily chooses a possibility that succeeds and fails otherwise.
There is also a popular definition of NP that turns out to be equivalent if you think about it:
A problem is in NP iff it is always possible to provide a polynomially long proof certificate for any positive solution to a problem instance.
For a concrete example, let's take the problem of determining if a number $N$ is composite (not prime). A way to solve this is to test all numbers less then N to check whether they are divisors of N.
If you do the tests sequentially this naive algorithm would take exponential time (since $N$ is exponentially large compared to the number of digits it has), but if you are allowed to do a magical nondeterministic choice the algorithm takes polynomial time (since each different divisor test takes polynomial time). Thus, testing if a number is composite is in NP.
And in the alternate formulation, providing a divisor of $N$ gives a polynomially long proof of compositeness.<|endoftext|>细胞计数和存活率的测定
细胞计数和存活率的测定
目的 学会细胞计数和鉴别细胞死活的方法。
实验前的思考 体外培养细胞常常需要测定细胞的培养密度，即单位体积内的细胞数，同时还需要鉴别细胞的死活，从而了解细胞的存活情况。细胞密度测定最常用的工具是血球计数板，细胞死活测定的最简单方法是染料排斥法，常用鉴别染料为台酚蓝。
材料器具 蟾蜍或小白鼠的骨髓细胞；显微镜，血球计数板，吸管，培养皿，试管，软布或擦镜纸；0.4%台酚蓝染液，两栖动物生理盐水（0.65%氯化钠溶液）或哺乳动物生理盐水（0.9%氯化钠溶液）。
步骤
1.制备骨髓细胞悬液 具体方法参见第660页实验“赡蜍骨髓细胞染色体的制备”。
2.细胞计数准备 取一副血球计数板，用软布或擦镜纸擦净，把盖玻片盖在血球计数板中央的计数室上。把上述制得骨髓细胞悬液摇匀，用吸管吸取少量细胞悬液轻轻地滴在计数室边缘的斜面上，让它自然地流入盖玻片下的空隙，均匀地充满在计数室内。悬液不能过多或过少，过多会使盖玻片浮起，过少会出现空隙或气泡。如果有上述现象必须洗去，擦干重做，否则会影响计数准确性。
3.细胞计数方法 静置2～3分钟，待细胞在计数室下沉后，在低倍镜下计数（详见本书第777页实验《血细胞的计数》。
4.细胞存活力鉴别 取0.5毫升骨髓细胞悬液放入小试管里，再加0.4%台酚蓝染液0.5毫升，用吸管轻轻吹打混匀，染色2～3分钟。然后把悬液摇匀，吸取悬液滴一滴在干净载玻片上，加盖玻片，在低倍镜下，随机计数上、下、左、中、右五个视野内的细胞总数和被染成蓝色的细胞数，蓝色细胞为死细胞，按以下公式计算细胞存活率：
上述细胞计数和细胞存活力测定也可以合并在一起做。
分析和讨论
1.细胞计数时，应该先调焦，看清计数板上的格线。细胞密度太高时，计数不便，应该先把原液稀释若干倍后再计数，随后把测得结果乘以稀释倍数即为原液细胞密度。计数时，以每大格点数在几十到一百多为宜。
2.台酚蓝染液一般不能渗透到活细胞里，所以活细胞不会着色。但是如果延长染色时间或提高染液的浓度，造成活细胞膜损伤时，活细胞也可着色。所以，使用中应该掌握好有关条件。
版权保护: 本文由 果树栽培技术网 原创，转载请保留链接: http://www.5stat.com/yangzhizhongzhijishushuji/2019/0629/104038.html<|endoftext|>Equazione di grado 1 fratta con CE e radicali #36458
Aldoman
Cerchio
Dovrei mostrare che un'equazione fratta di primo grado con i coefficienti irrazionali è impossibile. Nonostante abbia tentato più volte di risolverla non sono stato in grado di concludere. Potreste aiutarmi?
Dimostrare che la seguente equazione fratta di primo grado a coefficienti irrazionali è impossibile
Equazione di grado 1 fratta con CE e radicali #36460
è impossibile. Non facciamoci spaventare dalla presenza delle radici, la procedura risolutiva è la medesima di quelle per le equazioni fratte.
Per prima cosa scomponiamo vedendolo come una differenza di quadrati
e riscriviamo l'equazione rimpiazzandolo nella terza frazione
A questo punto imponiamo le condizioni di esistenza, richiedendo che i denominatori contenenti l'incognita siano diversi da zero.
Imponiamo che il primo denominatore sia non nullo
Facciamo lo stesso con il secondo
Per quanto concerne la non nullità del terzo denominatore
dobbiamo utilizzare la legge di annullamento del prodotto mediante la quale possiamo affermare che il prodotto al primo membro è diverso da zero se e solo se entrambi i fattori che lo compongono sono non nulli, vale a dire
e
Con le informazioni ottenute possiamo esplicitare l'insieme di esistenza delle soluzioni<|endoftext|>Net Pozitif Enerji Binalar
Binaya entegre olarak, kendi ihtiyacından fazla enerji üreten yapılara Net Pozitif Enerji Binalar denilmektedir. Bu binalar kendi ihtiyaçları fazlası enerjiyi şebekeye geri vermekte, ya da kış ayları için depolamaktadır.
Her gün örnekleri çoğalan bu binalara yenileri eklenmektedir. Bu binalar sayesinde şehirlerdeki sera gazı emisyonlarını önemli oranda azaltmak da mümkün olmaktadır. Bu binaların en büyük özellikleri ise enerji giderlerinin olmaması tam aksine enerji gelirlerinin olmasıdır. Bu bağlamda dünyada enerji verimliliği kavramının üzerine enerji üretimi verimliliği kavramı da eklenmiştir.
Bu konuya bir örnek Norveç'ten verilebilmektedir. Net Pozitif binalar Norveç'te kullanılmaya başlanılmıştır. Norveç, Trondheim'da yapılan Snøhetta'nın Powerhouse Brattørkaia binası ihtiyacının 2 katı enerji üretmektedir. Üstelik kış ayaları için enerjisini depolayabilmektedir.
Santral Brattørkai, dünyadaki en kuzeydeki "enerji-pozitif" binadır. Snøhetta, 193.750 metrekarelik bina tarafından üretilen enerjinin ortalama olarak günlük tükettiği enerjinin iki katından fazla olacağını, herhangi bir ekstra enerjinin depolanıp yakındaki binalara dağıtılmasını ve yerel bir mikro net üzerinden taşınmasını öngörmektedir.
Net Pozitif Enerji Bina güneş panelleriyle kaplı eğimli, beşgen bir çatıya sahiptir. Tüm bunlar, binanın yılda yaklaşık 500.000 kWh üreten 32.000 metrekarelik güneş panelleri ile kaplanmış olduğunu göstermektedir. Yazın uzun günlerinde üretilen enerji binada depolanmakta ve daha karanlık kış aylarında kullanılmaktadır.
Tabii ki, enerji-pozitif bir binanın üretmekten daha fazlasını yapması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca enerji verimli de olması gerekir. Snøhetta, binayı mümkün olduğunca gün ışığı alacak şekilde tasarlamıştır. Dairesel bir açıklık ışığın içeriye akmasını sağlamaktadır.
Ayrıca halka açık bir bahçe olarak ikiye katlanan ışıkla dolu bir atriyum oluşturmaktadır. Yapay ışığa harcanan enerji miktarını en aza indirgemek için bina, herhangi bir alanda gerçekleşen faaliyet miktarına bağlı olarak aydınlanan ve kararan “sıvı aydınlatma” ile donatılmıştır.
Snøhetta, 60 yıllık bir ömrü boyunca binanın, sadece günlük enerji tüketimini değil, aynı zamanda inşaat ve nihayet binanın yıkılmasıyla ilgili maliyetleri de telafi etmek için yeterli enerji üreteceğini tahmin etmektedir.
ECOBUILD, Net Pozitif Enerji Bina tasarımı konusunda danışmanlık hizmeti sunan Türkiye'deki tek danışmanlık firmasıdır. Binalarınızın Net Pozitif Enerji olması için ECOBUILD'i arayınız.
#YeşilBinalar #NetPozitifEnerjiBina #NetPozitifEnerji #LEEDSertifikası #LeedEğitimi #LeedSertifikası #LeedSertifikasıNasılAlınır #yeşilbinadanışmanlığı #ECOBUILD #BinaEnerjiVerimliliği #BinaEnerjiModeli #YeşilBina<|endoftext|>پایگاه اطلاع رسانی ریسمان – محمد مساعد روزنامه نگار حوزه اقتصاد روز چهار شنبه ۱۲ شهریور ۹۹ در حساب توییتری خود از صدور حکم ۴ سال و ۹ ماه حبس تعزیری و ۲ سال ممنوعیت از فعالیت خبرنگاری و همچنین توقیف وسایل ارتباطی توسط شعبه ۲۶ دادگاه انقلاب تهران خبر داد.
در صورت تایید این حکم در مرحله تجدید نظر از میزان حبس صادر شده با اعمال ماده ۱۳۴ قانون مجازات اسلامی، اشد مجازات یعنی مدت زمان ۴ سال حبس برای وی قابل اجرا خواهد بود.<|endoftext|>Martin A. Taubman, PhD
Dental enamel is the hardest substance produced by the human body, but it does not start out that way. When it first begins forming on an unerupted developing tooth, enamel tissue is as soft as cheese. As the enamel matures, it becomes progressively harder and develops ultimately into a mineralized product.
Research on Proteinases in Enamel Development
Enamel matrix proteins, such as amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin, are cleaved by proteinases soon after they are secreted. The cleavage products accumulate in the deeper, more mature enamel layers while the full-length proteins are only observed at the surface. This observation suggests that proteinases
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of help with everyday tasks. Keeping an apartment up, cleaning, cooking, and bill paying can all pose challenges, and trying to be social out in the world takes far more energy for an adult with Asperger's than the typical person.
3. Difficulty With Friends And Relationships
Many adults with Asperger's want to have friends, but their lack of social savvy makes it hard to do. Their difficulties picking up social cues and social anxiety get in the way of having friendships. Romantic relationships are even more difficult. Relationships are hard even for people without Asperger's; there is so much communication and understanding that is required; so much give and take.
These are all things that can be hard for someone with Asperger's. They are not impossible, but they can be difficult. Adults with Asperger's are often lonely due to problems in this area. Social groups and activities with other people who also have Asperger's can lessen some of this loneliness.
4. Feelings Of Meaninglessness
A lot of adults with Asperger's are just plain brilliant in some areas. They know everything there is to know about the solar system, electronics or some obscure part of history. They like to think deeply. They have things they would like to do with their lives, goals and dreams. Some of them do accomplish these goals with a lot of work. Others are not so lucky.
Sensory issues, a tendency to get easily overwhelmed, or other issues get in the way of them achieving what they would like to. A large number of adults are on disability and cannot work. Finding things to fill their time can be a challenge.
They get to a point where nothing in their life has much meaning anymore, because all they're doing is trying to survive. They have no activities that make them feel good about themselves and their place in the world. Again, this does not apply to everyone, but there need to be more programs to address these issues.
There Are Ways To Thrive With Asperger's Syndrome
These are four of the main areas of difficulty for adults with Asperger's. Do not despair, however, because there are ways to address all of these issues, especially if an adult can find a support group and good counseling. The future does not have to be bleak for adults with Asperger's. There just needs to be people and programs in their lives who are sensitive to their needs and can improve the quality of their lives. With treatment, adults can overcome the symptoms of Asperger's syndrome and lead a successful and fulfilling life.
These are just a few of the answers you will need to successfully survive and thrive with Aspergers. To find information to help both children and adults with Asperger's syndrome see our solutions page. Also ensure you sign up for the FREE Asperger's Syndrome Newsletter to gain additional information to help your loved one be happy and succeed in life.<|endoftext|>Nel 1994 la cantante pop Mariah Carey, dell’Ariete, compose con un collaboratore All I want for Christmas is you. La scrissero in quindici minuti e da allora ha prodotto 60 milioni di dollari di guadagni in diritti d’autore. Vorrei poterti dire che presto anche tu creerai qualcosa dello stesso valore. In effetti, l’attuale allineamento dei pianeti fa pensare che un evento simile sia più probabile del solito. Ma dato che tendo a essere cauto nelle mie profezie, non ti garantisco niente che si avvicini ai 60 milioni di dollari. Anzi, la tua ricompensa potrebbe essere più spirituale che materiale.<|endoftext|>The International Space Station, in particular, uses the ADA programming language, which was developed in 1980 and recognized as an international standard programming language in 1995. High level languages are written in a form that is close to our human language, enabling to programmer to just focus on the problem being solved. Computer programs can be written in high and low level languages, depending on the task and the hardware being used. That’s why we teach several different languages on our Computer Science masters course, dependent on the module and learning outcome.
In conventional programming languages, sub-expressions are evaluated first, then functions are applied (this is called applicative-order evaluation). This could be a problem if sounds are very long or if sounds are derived from real-time input. Nyquist solves this problem through lazy evaluation, where sounds are represented by run-time structures that will eventually compute samples, but not until they … Read More<|endoftext|>Brain-Based Ways We Think and Learn (EDEX 150)
3 Semester Hours of Graduate Credit
How does the brain learn? This course focuses on the brain's four critical thinking and problem solving processes: induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis. Taught in a brain-compatible environment, this course gives you practice with specific techniques and strategies.
Learn how the brain processes information.
- Explore how the brain takes in, stores, and retrieves information.
- Identify and practice the four thinking processes of induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis.
- Practice techniques and strategies to assist students with metacognition (thinking about how they think).
Enrich your lessons with brain-based teaching and learning strategies.
- Design comprehensive, brain-compatible lessons.
- Develop meaningful content.
- Discover the link between current brain research and effective teaching practices.
- Integrate critical thinking into real-life situations.
Create a brain-compatible learning environment.
- Experience the impact of music, color, interaction, participation, and choice.
- Use the storyboard process to understand how thoughts are processed in the brain.
This course is offered through Performance Learning Systems. PLS instructors are experienced classroom teachers and possess excellent facilitation skills.
$440.00 (plus $35 materials fee)<|endoftext|>Leaders from nearly 200 countries agreed to a deal over the weekend that intends to reverse, or at least limit, the rise in global temperatures by reducing greenhouse gases. The main takeaway is the reversal of the reliance on fossil fuels and the shift to greater use of renewable energy sources.
The agree-upon plan calls for countries to work to keep the rise in global average temperature at a minimum, 2 degrees Celsius or less between now and 2100.
In media reports, President Barack Obama praised the Conference of Parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change, or COP21, deal as “historic” and attributed its passage to “American leadership.”
In a CBS News report, Obama says:
“The problem’s not solved because of this accord, but make no mistake, the Paris agreement establishes the enduring framework the world needs to solve the climate crisis … It creates the mechanism, the architecture, for us to continually tackle this problem in an effective way.”
Saturday, USDA Secretary Tom Vilsack made the following statement on the finalization of the COP 21 deal in Paris:
“The historic COP21 deal supports a better-nourished, stable, secure future for the United States and every nation. Thanks to a coalition of global leaders led by President Obama, our world is now working together to aggressively address climate change with action and results. The benchmarks outlined in the deal build on the ambitious climate smart strategy being implemented by U.S. farmers, ranchers and foresters in partnership with USDA and the Obama administration. Our efforts to boost productivity, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and share best practices with counterparts around the world will help to address climate change and improve global resilience while continuing to meet global demand for food, fiber and fuel.”
In a Dec. 2 press release, the USDA states:
“Climate change is likely to impede progress on reducing undernourishment around the world in the decades ahead, according to a major scientific assessment released today by the USDA on global food security and its implications for the United States. The report, “Climate Change, Global Food Security and the U.S. Food System” , identifies the risks that climate change poses to global food security and the challenges facing farmers and consumers in adapting to changing climate conditions.”
Vilsack released the report during the COP-21 Paris Climate Conference.
Earlier this year, the USDA released the “USDA’s 10 Building Blocks for Climate Smart Agriculture,” a comprehensive set of voluntary programs and initiatives that is expected to reduce net emissions and enhance carbon sequestration by over 120 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2025 – about 2% of economy-wide emissions.<|endoftext|>When we present grammar in context, it can be really helpful to use this context to guide students to notice the grammar versus explaining the grammar in a deductive manner. There are many benefits to this. In my humble opinion (teehee!), I have found that this method gets students more involved in their own learning, helps them build critical inference and analysis skills and keeps their attention during what can be the ‘most boring’ part of a grammar lesson . This is commonly done with reading texts (usually that you have prepared) that show your grammar in a natural context. Here are three techniques you can use:
- Use a sorting activity with a reading text. For example, give the students a reading text with simple past tense verbs (regular and irregular) in bold. This reading text could be a story about your weekend. Students then sort the bold past forms in the two columns as they read the story. After this they discuss the differences between the two columns with a partner. After this task is finished, you can finish clarifying the form, meaning and use of this grammar.
- Use a fill-in the-blank/short answer question activity. This can be used to help the students find patterns and analyze how the target grammar is formed and/ or its meaning/ use. For example, give the students a reading text with modals in bold. If you are teaching modals, it is really helpful if this text is a written dialog between two people using the grammar a natural conversation. Have the students perform the dialog in pairs (make sure to give them a general comprehension question to think about as they do this). Then give the students another handout with fill-in-the-blank sentences/short answer questions that ask the students to analyze the dialog. These questions can ask students to find patterns (What kind of verb to you notice comes after the word should? Complete this sentence with the correct form: You should __________(to go) to the doctor.) or ask them to discover the meaning and use (What type of information is Tom giving to Susan? (advice) So, in this situation, what is the usage of should?). The key thing to remember is that the students use the contextual dialog as a guide to help them answer the questions on the second handout. After they finish (I often have them work in pairs to complete this task), you can continue clarifying the key grammar points with the students.
- Use a text to demonstrate how forms relate to each other (sentence diagramming…kind of). For example, give the students a text with pronouns in bold. For this grammar, it is great to use a news article. Then isolate some sentences from the text and ask who each pronoun relates to (e.g. Who is she? or Who are they?). With higher level students, the students can circle the pronouns and then draw lines or arrows back to the noun it refers to (kind of diagramming…). This is a way for students to see the distance between the anchor noun and the pronoun. After this exercise, you can continue to clarify the grammar by asking more questions to your students based on the contextual reading.
Good luck and let me know if you try any of these ideas out!<|endoftext|>马来酸依那普利片会引起咳嗽和顽固性干咳，但并非每个人在服用过程中都有可能发生这种不良反应。
马来酸依那普利片属于血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂，不仅能降低血压，还能发挥心血管疾病的二次预防作用，如预防左室重建，还能减少蛋白尿，同时对于高血压患者，相对疗效更准确，这种降压药物相对适合糖尿病患者。
在服用这种药物的过程中，除了引起干咳外，有些人还可能出现头晕、头痛、嗜睡、口干、疲劳、上腹部不适等症状，有些人可能出现胸闷、皮疹、面红等症状，服用本产品可能出现症状性低血压。
此外，主动脉瓣狭窄或肥厚心肌病患者应谨慎使用。也有肾功能不全的患者。在服药过程中，一些患者肯定会进一步损害肾功能，导致急性肾功能衰竭，但这种情况通常在停药后可以逆转。
一般来说，哺乳期或孕妇不建议使用本产品。
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马来酸依那普利片是长效药还是短效药
马来酸依那普利片是一种长期降压药，其作用相对持久。作为血管紧张转化酶抑制剂，马来酸依那普利片能有效减少人体血管紧张素的形成，缓解血管收缩，减少血管收缩，对各种原发性高血压、肾性高血压、心力衰竭有一定疗效。在长期的药物刺激下，可以延缓心力衰竭的发展，降低心力衰竭住院的概率。该药还能稳定降压，加强心肌重建。同时，服用依那普利片后，部分患者会出现咳嗽、皮肤瘙痒、头晕、头痛等副作用，但随着服药时间的延长，部分副作用可以耐受。应注意禁止对本产品任何成分过敏的患者，或以前用血管紧张紊转换酶抑制剂治疗过血管神经水肿史的患者。因此，马来酸依那普利片是一种长效药物，临床上应在医生的指导下谨慎使用，以避免自用药物引起的身体不适。
马来酸依那普利片可以吃半片吗
你不能直接判断马来酸依那普利片是否可以吃半片，因为马来酸依那普利片是一种需要在医生指导下服用的处方药。医生将根据患者的身体状况和严重程度选择合适的药物剂量，未经允许不得盲目使用。马来酸依那普利片的主要成分是马来酸依那普利，是血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂。服用后可用于治疗原发性高血压引起的身体不适。口服马来酸依那普利片后，会在体内水解成依那普利拉，抑制血管紧张素转化酶，降低血管紧张素Ⅱ含量，引起全身血管舒张，从而达到降压的效果。服药时要听从医嘱，不得擅自增减药量，以免使药物达不到最佳治疗效果。服药后不能喝酒，因为酒中含有大量的酒精，属于辛辣刺激性饮料，容易降低疗效。
马来酸依那普利片治什么病
马来酸依那普利片，治疗的是高血压或者是一些心脑血管疾病，并且这种药物属于属于血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂，因此属于一种比较优质的长效降压药物，能够让血压水平处于一个比较平稳的值。马来酸依那普利片能达到良好的降血压效果。对于原发性高血压，服用此类药物后，可使血压处于更稳定的状态，无明显波动，抑制新血管的发生。因此，有很多好处。有些人因为高血压合并左室肥厚，也可能产生糖尿病，此时服用这种药物也可以改善，有些患者会有动脉粥样硬化、冠心病，不服用这种药物，可能出现心绞痛或心律失常，也可能导致心力衰竭，所以我们应该服用这种药物来改善。其他患者症状较严重，导致心功能衰竭、蛋白尿，也可能有慢性肾病，此时服用此类药物可达到良好的降压效果，也可减少蛋白尿， ... 阅读更多
马来酸依那普利片治疗什么病
马来酸依那普利片一般适用于治疗原发性高血压患者，患者可根据自身情况开处方。如果需要朋友，可以根据自己的实际情况使用适当的药物。此外，马来酸依那普利片口服给药。开始剂量为每天5~10mg，肾功能严重受损患者1~2次(肌酐清除率低于30次)ml/min)为每天2.5mg。同时，马来酸依那普利片的使用和副作用是对药物成分过敏或双侧肾动脉狭窄所致。如果肾功能严重受损，请谨慎使用。马来酸依那普利片的主要组成部分是：马来酸依那普利。马来酸依那普利片是一种西医。西医对胃有很大的刺激作用。使用马来酸依那普利片时，可能会出现头晕、头痛、嗜睡、口干、疲劳、上腹部不适、恶心、心悸、胸闷、咳嗽、面红、皮疹、蛋白尿等不良反应。必要时减少。若白细胞减少，需停药。一旦出现这些不良反 ... 阅读更多
马来酸依那普利片怎么吃
马来酸依那普利片应用比较广泛，在临床工作中成为了一种良好的降压药物，能够使得血压的水平处于一个比较平稳的状态。马来酸依那普利片主要的服用方式是口服，每一次服用5mg，每天服用一次，然后根据自己的情况调整服用量，所以需要按照医生的建议服用，不能盲目给药。马来酸依那普利片是一种血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂，可以改善患者的新功能，抑制心室重建。除了降低血压外，这种药物还可以改善患者的肾功能。因此，对于一些肾脏不好的患者，服用后效果更好。对于慢性肾炎患者，可能会出现肾功能不全，因此也可以服用这些药物进行一定程度的改善，但对于尿毒症患者，不建议服用此类药物。三级高血压控制可能相对较差，需要与其他药物联合服用，以达到更好的效果。但服用此类药物后可能会出现副 ... 阅读更多<|endoftext|>Afganistan'ın güneyindeki Helmand kentinde Amerikan savaş uçaklarının salıyı çarşambaya bağlayan gece düzenlediği hava saldırısında en az 30 sivil yaşamını yitirdi
Afganistan'ın güneyindeki Helmand kentinde Amerikan savaş uçaklarının salıyı çarşambaya bağlayan gece düzenlediği hava saldırısında en az
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sketches with the model. After seeing the first sketch, the patron asked for a more dramatic inclination of the head. “The greater the angle of the head, the greater the challenge of convincingly rendering the foreshortening,” says Gwyneth. Thus, there was less latitude for the model to move her head during and between poses. “Fortunately,” Gwyneth says, “I was working with an excellent model. The dramatic inclination forced me to improve as a painter.”
Gwyneth also completed a color study with the model. She describes the colors, inspired by Sassoferrato, as “the bluest blue and the reddest red.” To achieve their chromatic intensity, Gwyneth used combinations of a saturated, opaque hue overpainted with a saturated, transparent hue. She chose cobalt blue topped with ultramarine and cadmium scarlet topped with alizarin crimson. Other hues were added where necessary to convey the effects of light. In Sassoferrato’s day, ultramarine was extremely costly, because it was made from ground lapis lazuli imported from Afghanistan. It tended to be reserved for sacred figures, especially the Blessed Virgin. The pigment became much more widely available in the 19th century when a synthetic alternative was developed. “I think you can tell the difference,” says Gwyneth. “It’s still a lovely color, but it does not have quite the same splendor.”
After completing graphite and color studies, Gwyneth stretched and gessoed her canvas and transferred her composition from the second graphite study using homemade charcoal paper. She prefers using charcoal to graphite for transferring designs because of its lack of wax. “Charcoal erases very easily,” Gwyneth explains, “and mixes with the surface of the oil paint. It’s more delicate, leaving no distracting lines underneath.” After transferring the design, Gwyneth went over the lines with a bit of watercolor. “It’s more permanent than charcoal, but not as harsh as graphite,” she says. Next Gwyneth blocked in broad areas of neutrals.
Gwyneth began to paint the drapery first. She built a mannequin and carefully placed fabric to create sumptuous folds. “The drapery is crucial because it conveys the transfigured state of Our Lady as Queen of Heaven,” says Gwyneth. “This is very far from a historical depiction of a poor woman from Galilee. Her humility would come into play in the face and hands, but in the drapery, I sought to convey only glory.” In preparing and painting the drapery, Gwyneth looked to Flemish paintings by Jan van Eyck and Rogier van Weyden. “There’s this wonderful Northern Renaissance sense of gravity acting on fabric, she explains. “It conveys both the luxuriance of the materials, but also the perpetuity of heavenly glory. They dipped their fabrics in starch to keep them in place; I simply painted them without a live model.”
After developing the fabric on the canvas, Gwyneth brought back the model and worked directly from her to paint the face and hands. Between sessions with the model, Gwyneth idealized from imagination. “I think that’s the only way not to paint a portrait. You have to paint without the model in front of you,” says Gwyneth. “Then, when it starts to look unnatural, you use the model again to bring it back to nature. The goal is not to disfigure, but to transfigure. As a painter of sacred subjects especially, I’m aiming for a supernatural beauty, not an unnatural beauty—which is another name for ugliness anyway.” Gwyneth’s method was taken for granted in the Renaissance and Baroque eras, but is rare today. “On the one hand, there are artists who are trained in classical realist ateliers to paint like the French academics. They simulate nature, without surpassing it. On the other hand, there are artists who are convinced that only Byzantine distortion is legitimate for sacred art. There are very few trying to strike the Renaissance and Baroque balance. That’s what I’m trying to do, and trying to encourage young painters to rediscover,” says Gwyneth.
In modeling her paints, Gwyneth departed from Sassoferrato, turning to Giorgione and his pupil, Titian. “Sassoferrato used a heavier application of opaque paint,” explains Gwyneth. “I became interested in varying the opacity and layering the paint in several levels. It’s a technique developed especially in Venice in the 15th century, and brought to mastery by Titian in the 16th. The paint quality trades some of the gemlike nature of a smoother surface for a much more sophisticated rendering of light.” The technique is especially suited to rendering lace, which Gwyneth chose for the Madonna’s veil in another departure from Sassoferrato.
For the hovering crown of roses, a reference to the symbolism of Mary as the Mystical Rose, Gwyneth used a single rose posed to catch the light in various ways. “Our Lord wore a crown of thorns; it seems appropriate for Our Lady, who interiorly shared in His Passion and now shares in His Triumph, to wear a crown of roses,” she says. When the patron vetoed the rose crown, Gwyneth painted over it and tried a crown of stars. When that crown also failed to please, Gwyneth removed the wettest layer of paint, revealing the remnants of the rose crown. “I really liked the almost spectral appearance of the roses when they came back from oblivion,” she recalls. The patron did not, so Gwyneth painted them out again and introduced the suggestion of a halo. “Fortunately, at that point it became apparent that the patron and I had different visions.” She was concerned about overworking the painting, so she approached him about completing the painting on her own. “It was very amicable, and I think fortuitous,” she says. Gwyneth quickly removed the halo, restoring the rose crown a second time. “I added a little more paint, but essentially the effect comes from painting it out twice. It’s a much more complex image than it otherwise would have been.”
As a final highlight, Gwyneth included a brooch on Our Lady’s mantle. “It’s meant to be lapis lazuli set in gold,” she says—a reference to Sassoferrato’s ultramarine. Gwyneth also intended the brooch to reference the jewels that have been offered to images of Our Lady by the faithful over the centuries. “Today there is a trend to denude images of Our Lady of their ornaments. I was so sad to learn that the Salus Populi Romani was stripped of her crown and jewels in the 1980s. I wanted to do something to rectify these attacks on Our Lady’s exaltation,” Gwyneth says. “As she herself put it in her Magnificat, God ‘hath regarded the humility of his handmaid . . . He hath put down the mighty from their seat, and hath exalted the humble’ (Lk 2:48-52). What God has exalted, we must exalt too. I hope my Madonna conveys the same expression of the triumph of humble prayer.”
Originally commissioned for a private home, but also appropriate for a church, chapel, or oratory, Gwyneth’s Madonna (oil on canvas, 20 x 16 inches, 2020) is now available for purchase.<|endoftext|>Option Greeks measure the different factors that affect the price of an option contract.
We'll explore the key Greeks: Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega and Rho.
Armed with Greeks, an options trader can make more informed decisions about which options to trade, and when to trade them.
If you're an options trader, you may have heard about "Greeks" but you may not know exactly what they are or what they can do for you. If so, read on as we explain what these Greek letters mean and how to use them to better understand the price of an option.
What can option Greeks do for you?
Armed with Greeks, an options trader can make more informed decisions about which options to trade, and when to trade them. Consider some of the things Greeks may help you do:
- Gauge the likelihood that an option you're considering will expire in the money (Delta).
- Estimate how much the Delta will change when the stock price changes (Gamma).
- Get a feel for how much value your option might lose each day as it approaches expiration (Theta).
- Understand how sensitive an option might be to large price swings in the underlying stock (Vega).
- Simulate the effect of interest rate changes on an option (Rho).
What are Greeks anyway?
Greeks, including Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega and Rho, measure the different factors that affect the price of an option contract. They are calculated using a theoretical options pricing model (see How much is an option worth?).
Since there are a variety of market factors that can affect the price of an option in some way, assuming all other factors remain unchanged, we can use these pricing models to calculate the Greeks and determine the impact of each factor when its value changes. For example, if we know that an option typically moves less than the underlying stock, we can use Delta to determine how much it is expected to move when the stock moves $1. If we know that an option loses value over time, we can use Theta to approximate how much value it loses each day.
Now, let's define each Greek in more detail.
Delta: The hedge ratio
The first Greek is Delta, which measures how much an option's price is expected to change per $1 change in the price of the underlying security or index. For example, a Delta of 0.40 means that the option's price will theoretically move $0.40 for every $1 move in the price of the underlying stock or index.
- Have a positive Delta that can range from zero to 1.00.
- At-the-money options usually have a Delta near .50.
- The Delta will increase (and approach 1.00) as the option gets deeper in the money.
- The Delta of in-the-money call options will get closer to 1.00 as expiration approaches.
- The Delta of out-of-the-money call options will get closer to zero as expiration approaches.
- Have a negative Delta that can range from zero to -1.00.
- At-the-money options usually have a Delta near -.50.
- The Delta will decrease (and approach -1.00) as the option gets deeper in the money.
- The Delta of in-the-money put options will get closer to -1.00 as expiration approaches.
- The Delta of out-of-the-money put options will get closer to zero as expiration approaches.
You also might think of Delta, as the percent chance (or probability) that a given option will expire in the money.
- For example, a Delta of 0.40 means the option has about a 40% chance of being in the money at expiration. This doesn’t mean your trade will be profitable. That of course, depends on the price at which you bought or sold the option.
You also might think of Delta, as the number of shares of the underlying stock, the option behaves like.
- A Delta of 0.40 also means that given a $1 move in the underlying stock, the option will likely gain or lose about the same amount of money as 40 shares of the stock.
Gamma: the rate of change of Delta
Gamma measures the rate of change in an option's Delta per $1 change in the price of the underlying stock. Since a Delta is only good for a given moment in time, Gamma tells you how much the option's Delta should change as the price of the underlying stock or index increases or decreases. If you remember high school physics class, you can think of Delta as speed and Gamma as acceleration.
Let's walk through the relationship between Delta and Gamma:
- Delta is only accurate at a certain price and time. In the Delta example above, once the stock has moved $1 and the option has subsequently moved $.40, the Delta is no longer 0.40.
- As we stated, this $1 move would cause a call option to be deeper in the money, and therefore the Delta will move closer to 1.00. Let's assume the Delta is now 0.55.
- This change in Delta from 0.40 to 0.55 is 0.15—this is the option's Gamma.
- Because Delta can't exceed 1.00, Gamma decreases as an option gets further in the money and Delta approaches 1.00.
Theta: time decay
Theta measures the change in the price of an option for a one-day decrease in its time to expiration. Simply put, Theta tells you how much the price of an option should decrease as the option nears expiration.
- Since options lose value as expiration approaches, Theta estimates how much value the option will lose, each day, if all other factors remain the same.
- Because time-value erosion is not linear, Theta of at-the-money (ATM), just slightly out-of-the-money and in-the-money (ITM) options generally increases as expiration approaches, while Theta of far out-of-the-money (OOTM) options generally decreases as expiration approaches.
Source: Schwab Center for Financial Research.
Vega: sensitivity to volatility
Vega measures the rate of change in an option's price per 1% change in the implied volatility of the underlying stock. While Vega is not a real Greek letter, it is intended to tell you how much an option's price should move when the volatility of the underlying security or index increases or decreases.
More about Vega:
- Vega measures how the implied volatility of a stock affects the price of the options on that stock.
- Volatility is one of the most important factors affecting the value of options.
- Neglecting Vega can cause you to "overpay" when buying options. All other factors being equal, when determining strategy, consider buying options when Vega is below "normal" levels and selling options when Vega is above "normal" levels. One way to determine this is to compare the historical volatility to the implied volatility. Chart studies for both of these values exist within StreetSmart Edge®.
- A drop in Vega will typically cause both calls and puts to lose value.
- An increase in Vega will typically cause both calls and puts to gain value.
Rho: sensitivity to interest rates
Rho measures the expected change in an option's price per 1% change in interest rates. It tells you how much the price of an option should rise or fall if the “risk-free” (U.S. Treasury-bill)* interest rate increases or decreases.
More about Rho:
- As interest rates increase, the value of call options will generally increase.
- As interest rates increase, the value of put options will usually decrease.
- For these reasons, call options have positive Rho and put options have negative Rho.
- Rho is generally not a huge factor in the price of an option, but should be considered if prevailing interest rates are expected to change, such as just before a Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting.
- Long-Term Equity AnticiPation Securities® (LEAPS®) options are far more sensitive to changes in interest rates than are shorter-term options.
You can see the effects of Rho by considering a hypothetical stock that’s trading exactly at its strike price.
- If the stock is trading at $25, the 25 calls and the 25 puts would both be exactly at the money.
- You might see the calls trading at a price of $0.60, while the puts may trade at a price of $0.50.
- When interest rates are low, the difference will be relatively small.
- As interest rates increase, this difference between puts and calls whose strikes are equidistant from the underlying stock will get wider.
Implied volatility: like a Greek
Though not actually a Greek, implied volatility is closely related. The implied volatility of an option is the theoretical volatility based on the option’s quoted price. The implied volatility of a stock is an estimate of how its price may change going forward. In other words, implied volatility is the estimated volatility of a stock that is implied by the prices of the options on that stock. Key points to remember:
- Implied volatility is derived using a theoretical pricing model and solving for volatility.
- Since volatility is the only component of the pricing model that is estimated (based on historical volatility), it's possible to calculate the current volatility estimate the options market maker is using.
- Higher-than-normal implied volatilities are usually more favorable for options sellers, while lower-than-normal implied volatilities are more favorable for option buyers because volatility often reverts back to its mean over time.
- To an options trader, solving for implied volatility is generally more useful than calculating the theoretical price, since it's difficult for most traders to estimate future volatility.
- Implied volatility is usually not consistent for all options of a particular security or index and will generally be lowest for at-the-money and near-the-money options.
Since it's difficult on your own to estimate how volatile a stock really is, you can watch the implied volatility to know what volatility assumption the market makers are using in determining their quoted bid and ask prices. Schwab's trading platform, StreetSmart Edge®, has charting studies for historical volatility and implied volatility. By comparing the underlying stock’s implied volatility to the historical volatility, you can sometimes get a good sense of whether an option is priced higher or lower than normal.
Putting Greeks to work
StreetSmart Edge allows you to view streaming Greeks in the options chain of the trading window and in your watch lists. Here is how the display looks.
Streaming Greeks in the trading window
Source: StreetSmart Edge.
Streaming Greeks in a watch list
Source: StreetSmart Edge.
Both of these screens allow you to arrange the columns to display in any order you like. And, as shown below, you even have a choice of three of the most widely used pricing models—you can decide which you prefer. In addition, the dividend yield and 90-day T-bill interest rate are already filled in. You can use these values or specify your own.
Choose from three widely used pricing models
Source: StreetSmart Edge.
How much is an option worth?
It seems like a fairly simple question, but the answer is complex. There's a lot of number crunching that goes into determining an option's price. Most options market makers use some variation of what's known as a theoretical options pricing model.
By far, the best-known pricing model is the Black-Scholes model. After more than three years of research, university scholars Fisher Black and Myron Scholes published their model back in 1973, only a month after the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE) began trading standardized options. While options traders initially scoffed at their ideas, this breakthrough was so ahead of its time that it took a quarter century to be fully appreciated. Though Fisher Black died in 1975, Myron Scholes along with Robert Merton, a colleague of theirs who helped improve the formula, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics for their model in 1997.
While the original model was groundbreaking, it had a few limitations because it was designed for European style options and it did not take into consideration, the dividend yield of the underlying stock. There are now many variations, which have improved upon the original model, including:
- Cox-Ross-Rubenstein binomial (1979): for American style options including dividend yield. This is probably the most widely used model today because it's very accurate with American-style equity options.
- Barone-Adesi-Whaley: for American style options including dividend yield.
- Black-Scholes-Merton (our default model): for American style options including dividend yield.
Each model estimates what an option is worth by considering the following six factors:
- Current underlying stock price (higher value increases calls and decreases puts).
- Strike price of the option (higher value decreases calls and
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Uygulama yolu ve metodu
Bir adet KALİNOR® efervesan tablet bir bardak suda (100-200 ml) eritilir ve istenirse şeker veya meyva suyu ile tatlandırılarak içilir. 10 ila 15 dakika arasında yudumlar halinde içilir. Günde 2 veya daha fazla efervesan tabletin alındığı durumlarda, dozlar muntazam aralıklarla (sabah, öğle ve akşam) alınır. Öğünlerle birlikte alındığında daha iyi tolere edilir..
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- A – SİNDİRİM SİSTEMİ VE METABOLİZMA
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- A12BA30 – KOMBİNASYONLAR<|endoftext|>一、同等学力申硕教育学考试笔记之著作
1、从起源上看，教育学均源于希腊语的“pedagogue”(教仆)一词，意为照看、管理和教育儿童的方法。
2、在我国，“教育学”是一个译名，应是从日文转译过来的，时间大约在本世纪初。
3、教育学独立的标志的出现前后经历了约两百多年的时间。因此，教育学的独立是一个历史过程，而非在一个瞬间完成的。
4、英国学者培根在《论科学的价值和发展》(1623)一文中，首次把“教育学”作为一门独立的科学提出。
5、捷克教育学家夸美纽斯出版了近代第一本系统的教育学著作《大教学论》(1632)。
6、英国哲学家洛克出版了《教育漫话》(1693)，提出了完整的“绅士教育”理论。
7、法国思想家卢梭出版了《爱弥尔》(1762)，深刻地表达了资产阶级教育思想。
8、德国哲学家康德在《康德论教育》(1803)一书中明确提出，“教育的方法必须成为一种科学”和“教育实验”的主张。
9、瑞士教育家裴斯泰洛齐写作《林哈德和葛笃德》(1781～1787)，提出“使人类教育心理学化”的主张。
10、德国心理学家和教育学家赫尔巴特被认为是“现代教育学之父”或“科学教育学的奠基人”，他的《普通教育学》(1806)被公认为第一本现代教育学著作。
11、形式教育论起源于古希腊，纵贯整个中世纪，形成于是17世纪，盛行于18～19世纪，衰落于20世纪初，主要代表人物是洛克和裴斯泰洛齐。
12、实质教育论起源于古希腊和古罗马，在中世纪受压制，形成于18世纪，兴盛于19世纪，20世纪初衰落，主要代表人物是赫尔巴特和斯宾塞。
13、形式教育论和实质教育论各有自己的哲学、心理学及社会基础，因而各有合理与偏颇之处。
14、自然主义教育思想源于古希腊的亚里士多德，形成于文艺复兴时期，兴盛于18世纪，延续至19世纪，对20世纪的人类教育思想也有影响。主要代表人物是拉特克、夸美纽斯、卢梭、裴斯泰洛齐等。
15、国家主义教育思想源于古希腊的柏拉图，伴随着近代欧美民族国家的出现而产生，在19世纪达到高潮。其代表人物为法国的孔多塞、爱尔维修，德国的费希特，美国的杰斐逊等人。
二、同等学力申硕教育学考试笔记之教育的概念
1、“教育”是教育学的一个基本概念。教育学的其他概念都是以这一概念的某种界定为基础的。
2、“教育”概念是构建教育学理论的一块基石，也是理解各种教育学说的一把钥匙。
4、“教育”一词英、法、德语三者都起源于拉丁文“educare”，前缀e有“出”的意思，而词根ducere则为“引导”，二者合起来就是“引出”，意思就是采用一定的手段，把某种本来就潜藏于人身上的东西引导出来，从一种潜质转变为现实。
5、在我国，“教育”一词最早见于《孟子·尽心上》中的“得天下英才而教育之，三乐也”一句。
6、《说文解字》中解释为“教，上所施，下所效也;育，养子使作善也。”
7、给“教育”下定义是对教育现象进行理性认识的开始。
8、我国和前苏联教育学者根据教育定义外延的大小，划分出“广义定义”与“狭义定义”。
9、美国教育哲学家谢弗勒根据教育定义的陈述方式将复杂多样的特征教育定义划分为“描述性定义”、“纲领性定义”和“规定性定义”。
10、描述性定义是指适当描述一定情境中被定义对象某些关键特征或指出使用被定义概念的方法，如“教育是一种培养人的活动”或“教育是发展人的智力的最好途径”。
11、规定性定义是指作者自己所下的定义，并在自己的教育论述中始终遵守，如“在本文中，我将教育定义为直接支持和维护有目的的教与学的一整套社会制度。”
12、纲领性定义是描述性定义和规定性定义的一种复合形式，既揭示出被定义对象“是”什么，又明确或隐含地表明被定义对象“应是”什么，如“教育是社会籍以发展年轻一代认识生活中的善和价值的能力的手段”。
13、这三种定义方式之间是相互联系的，教育定义往往既是描述性的，又是规定性的，同时又是纲领性的。这种区分有利于分析教育定义所涉及到的事实的、价值的和语言的三个方面，提供了研究教育定义的一个初步框架。
14、柏拉图：“什么是教育?教育是为了以后的生活所进行的训练，它能使人变善，从而高尚地行动”，“我们可以断言教育不是像有些人所说的，他们可以把知识装进空无所有的心灵里，仿佛他们可以把视觉装进盲者的眼里”，教育乃是“心灵的转向”。
三、同等学力申硕教育学考试笔记之教育与社会
1、社会是人们交互作用的产物，是在共同的物质生产活动基础上相互联系的人类生活的共同体。
2、教育是一种社会现象，它的发生和发展受到社会发展规律的支配。
3、教育不但是新生一代成长的必要条件，也是人类社会存在和发展的重要前提和基础。
4、教育是永恒的社会历史范畴。
5、教育的社会性是教育这一永恒社会现象的根本属性。
6、教育的社会制约性是教育社会性的最主要的表现形式。
7、教育的生产性表现为：(1)教育是劳动力再生产的重要手段。(2)教育是提高劳动生产率的重要手段。(3)教育促进科学技术的发展，从而推动生产力的发展。
8、教育随着人类社会的产生而产生，随着人类社会的发展而发展，从而表现出教育的历史性。
9、在阶级社会里，教育的阶级性是教育的社会性的重要表现形式之一。
10、教育的民族性一般指民族传统与特点在教育上的反映。
11、教育的相对独立性是指教育具有自身独特的发展规律和能动性。
12、教育的相对独立性最主要表现为教育与生产力和政治经济制度发展的不平衡性。还表现为教育发展本身所具有的继承性上，具体表现在：第一，教育内容的继承;第二，教育方式的继承;第三，教育理论与教育经验的继承。
13、教育的独立性毕竟是相对的，我们既反对抹煞教育相对独立性的形而上学的机械论，又反对把这种独立性绝对夸大的历史唯心主义。
14、生产活动是人类最基本的实践活动，物质资料的生产是人类社会赖以存在和发展的基础。
15、劳动力再生产是社会再生产的必要条件，而教育正是劳动力再生产的基本内容之一。
16、生产力的发展水平制约着教育目标的设定。
四、同等学力申硕教育学考试笔记之教育与人的发展
1、教育的根本目的之一是促进人的身心发展。
2、影响人的发展的因素是多种多样的，主要的有遗传、环境和教育。
3、人的发展变化过程既有量的，又有质的，既有连续性，又有阶段性，同时又是一种前进的运动。
4、人的发展，指的是青少年身体和心理上的连续不断的变化过程。简要地说，包括两个方面：身体的发展(结构形态、生理机能)和心理的发展(认识能力和心理特性、知识技能和思想品德)。
5、青少年身体的发展包括机体的正常发育和体质的增强两个方面。
6、青少年心理的发展是指认识过程和个性心理发展两个方面，是认识过程和个性心理统一的和谐的发展。
7、“最近发展区”的理论是由前苏联著名心理学家维果茨基提出的。
8、“一般发展”的理论是由前苏联又一著名心理学家赞可夫提出的。
9、“心理发生论可以分为三个学派：个性发生学派、认识发生学派、活动心理学派即心理动力学派。
10、遗传是指人从先辈那里继承下来的生理解剖上的特点，这些遗传的生理特点也叫遗传素质，它是人的身心发展的物质基础和自然条件。
11、每个人表现出来的智力水平和个性特征，在一定程度上受遗传因素的影响
12、遗传对人的身心发展的作用只限于提供物质的前提，提供发展的可能性，它不能决定人的发展。
13、环境，即围绕在人们周围，对人的发展产生影响的外部世界，它包括自然环境和社会环境两个方面。在人的发展中，社会环境起着更为主导的作用。
14、环境影响人，主要是通过社会环境实现的。社会环境包括社会文明的整体水平，即社会生产力的发展水平、社会物质生活条件以及社会的政治经济制度和道德水准，其中最主要的是社会发展的程度和个人拥有的社会关系。
15、环境对青少年发展的影响不是主动进行的。
16、由于青少年身心发展的特点，教育所起的作用是主导的。
17、人的可教育性，即人具有接受教育的天赋素质和潜在能力。人之所以具有可教育性，主要在于人具有
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irilmiş olduğunu göstermektedir?A) Din ve devlet adamlarının yardımlarıylaB) Savaşlar sırasındaki kültür alış verişleriyleC) Yeni buluşların ödüllendirilmesiyleD) Değişik kişi ve toplumların katkılarıylaE) Ulusların birbirleriyle yarışmalarıyla
16 I. M.Ö.3000: Sümerler çivi yazısı kullanmışlardır. II.M.Ö. 1280: Hititlerle Mısırlılar arasında Kadeş Antlaşması yapılmıştır.III.M.Ö. 700: Lidyalılar ticaret hayatında para kullanmışlardır.Bu üç olayın ortak yönü nedir?A) Meydana geldikleri dönemlerdeki toplum yapısını yansıtmalarıB) Bu tür olayların ilk örnekleri olmalarıC) Oluşmalarında birbirlerinden etkilenmeleriD) Uluslararası ilişkileri içermeleriE) Uluslararası etkileşimi hızlandırmaları(1982-ÖSS)
17 ( ÖSS)İlkçağ’da Mısır’da tarım ürünlerinden alınan verginin belirlenmesimatematiğin, Nil nehrinin tasma zamanının hesaplanmasıastronominin, Nil sularının tasmasıyla bozulan arazi sınırlarınınyeniden saptanması ise geometrinin gelişmesinde etkili olmuştur.Yukarıda verilen bilgilere dayanarak aşağıdaki genellemelerinhangisine ulaşılabilir?A) ihtiyaçlar insanları bilimsel çalışmaya yönlendirmiştir.B) Coğrafi konum tarımda verimliliği etkilemiştir.C) Doğa olayları kontrol altına alınmıştır.D) insanların yerleşik hayata gedmesinin bir nedeni tarımdırE) insanlar arasında kültür benzerlikleri vardır.
19 I.İBRANİLERSami asıllıdırlar.İlk olarak Hz.Musa Önderliğinde birliğini kurdular (M.Ö.XVH.yüzyıl).Hz.Davut döneminde İbrani Devleti kuruldu.En parlak dönemleri Hz.Süleyman zamanı olmuştur.Devletin merkezi Kudüs'tür.İbraniler İsrail ve Yahudi diye iki devlete ayrılmışlardır.İsrail Devleti'ni Asurlular, Yahudi Devleti'nî ise Babilliler yıkmıştır.Bundan sonra Yahudiler tüm dünyaya dağılmışlardır.Yahudiler 1948 yılında İsrail Devleti'nikurmuşlardır.
20 (1991 -ÖSS)Kudüs'ün aşağıdaki özelliklerinden hangisi, bu kentin hem Museviler hem Hıristiyanlar, hem de Müslümanlarca kutsal sayılmasında baslıca etkendir?A) Bu dinlere inanan insanların birlikte yasadığı bir yer olmasıB) Bu dinlerce önemli sayılan mabetlerin bulunmasıC) Çeşitli uygarlıkların izlerini taşımasıD) Uzun süre ticaret merkezi olmasıE) Önemli bir jeopolitik konumda bulunması<|endoftext|>Cips ve sos yemek aerodinamik bir aktivitedir. Sosunuz için dağıtım sisteminin kendisi tamamen yenilebilir olduğundan ve sos kendi kasesine geldiğinden, mutfak eşyalarına veya tabaklara gerek yoktur. Peçete hariç Yağlı ellerinizi silmek için ihtiyacınız olan tek şey bir torba cips ve bir leğen daldırma…her birinin dibine gelene kadar, yani.
alt bir çip torbası sinir bozucu bir yer. Kalan bitler ve kırıntılar genellikle kepçe işlevi göremeyecek kadar küçüktür, ancak onları atmak israf gibi gelir. (Bununla birlikte, pişmiş bir makarna ve peynir için oldukça iyi soslar yaparlar.) Şans eseri, son parça cips ile birlikte son parça cipsi tüketmenin biraz aptalca olsa da zarif bir yolu var. daldırma, hepsi parmaklarınızı kirletmeden. Sadece bir kaşık dahil etmelisin.
Bu küçük tüyo, en sevdiğim TikToker’larımdan birinden geliyor. @oldscoolkevmo, atıştırmayı çok ciddiye alan bir kız öğrenci yurdu şefi. Kevin, kırık cipsleri batırmaya çalışmak yerine kızarmış patates parçalarını bir kaseye koyuyor, kaşığının arkasıyla biraz sos sıyırıyor ve ardından sos parçasını cips parçaları kasesine bastırıyor. Cipsler sosa yapışır ve her ikisinin de son parçalarını kolaylıkla yemesini sağlar.
Patates cipsi ve soğan sosu, pide cipsi ve humus ve tortilla cipsi ve guacamole veya fasulye sosu için çalışır. Bahse girerim kurabiyeler veya graham krakerleri ve son parça mascarpone peyniri, krem peynir veya bu cannoli crem. Bir kaşığın arkasına yapıştırabilirseniz, yonga parçalarını toplamak için kullanabilirsiniz, bu yüzden yaratıcı olun ve oynayın. Özellikle atıştırma söz konusu olduğunda, bir kase içmenin ilham kaynağı olduğunu düşünüyorum.<|endoftext|>Coffee is one of the most consumed and exported beverages in the world. The coffee industry is one of the most lucrative on the planet and behind petrol it is the most traded product in the world.
Indeed, the International Coffee Organization (ICO) recently stated that 1.4 billion cups of coffee are poured daily around the world. Around 400 million of those are consumed in the United States alone, making America the single biggest consumer of coffee worldwide.
There are many different types of coffee, including regular, decaffeinated, filter, freeze dried and flavoured. Coffee houses have a seemingly limitless range to choose from, i.e. flavoured choices such as vanilla latte, down to classics such as espresso and cappucino.
In recent years studies have shown that there are many health benefits to coffee, provided it is enjoyed in moderation. Here is a list of some of the key health benefits of coffee drinking:
– Coffee contains caffeine, which is a stimulant and can help boost the drinkers physical and mental functions.
– It also improves cognitive performance, helping boost short-term memory recall.
– A recent study has illustrated that heavy coffee drinkers are less likely to develop Parkinson’s disease in later life.
– Research has shown that coffee can greatly reduce the risk of cancer, particularly liver cancer.
– High coffee intake is shown to correlate with a reduced risk in Type 2 diabetes.
– Studies compared moderate coffee drinkers (3-5 cups a day) with light coffee drinkers (0-2 cups) and found that moderate coffee drinkers were significantly less likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease later in life.
– Coffee drinkers are generally less likely to develop gallstones, due to the coffee’s effect on the liver.
– Coffee is a powerful laxative and can often be used to combat constipation.
– A 2009 study in Japan showed that coffee consumption is linked with reduced risk of death from cardiovascular illnesses.
– Coffee is a proven antioxidant.
Some of the flavour as well as the health benefits of coffee can be affected by the different brewing methods used, for example filter coffee contains less cholesterol than unfiltered coffee.
Here are four common brewing methods:
Boiling is the earliest method of brewing coffee; the beans are ground to a fine powder, then added to water and brought to the boil. This produces a strong, aromatic coffee with sediment settling at the bottom.
In automatic coffeemakers hot water drips onto coffee grounds which are held in a filter, this allows the water to seep through the coffee, extracting the oils and essences and dripping through the filter into a pot.
Coffee percolator’s use steam pressure to force boiling water through a filter and into a chamber above. Water seeps through the grounds extracting the flavour and this process is repeated until the coffee is ready.
French press is a method where ground coffee and hot water are placed in a cylindrical container. A filter, attached to a plunger, is pressed down onto the grounds, forcing them to the bottom and allowing the oils and essences to remain in the container.
The health effects and coffee drinking tenancies across the globe are generally linked to brewing methods.<|endoftext|>There are 21.5 million military veterans in the United States as of 2011. They are honored on Veterans Day, Nov. 11.
Veterans Day originated as “Armistice Day†on Nov. 11, 1919, the first anniversary of the end of World War I. Congress passed a resolution in 1926 for an annual observance, and Nov. 11 became a national holiday beginning in 1938. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed legislation in 1954 to change the name to Veterans Day as a way to honor those who served in all American wars.
The day honors military veterans with parades and speeches across the nation. A national ceremony takes place at the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia.
Some interesting stats:
The number of female veterans in 2011 totals 1.6 million. The number of Black veterans in 2011 was 2.3 million. Additionally, 1.2 million veterans were Hispanic; 264,695 were Asian; 153,223 were American Indian or Alaska Native; 27,469 were Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; and 17.2 million were non-Hispanic white. (The numbers for Blacks, Asians, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, and non-Hispanic whites cover only those reporting a single race.)
Over 9.2 million veterans are 65 and older in 2011. At the other end of the age spectrum, 1.8 million were younger than 35.
WHEN THEY SERVED
There were 7.5 million Vietnam service veterans in 2011: 5.1 million served during the Gulf War (representing service from Aug. 2, 1990, to present); 1.8 million in World War II (1941-1945); 2.4 million in the Korean War (1950-1953); and 5.4 million in peacetime only. The number of living veterans in 2011 who served during the Vietnam era and both Gulf War eras and no other period are 51,079.
Other living veterans in 2011 who served during three wars: 43,942 served during World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam era. Living veterans in 2011 who served during two wars and no other period: 876,663 served during both Gulf War eras; 205,205 served during both the Korean War and the Vietnam era; 129,972 served during both World War II and the Korean War.
Three states have the largest veteran populations, numbering over 1 million each. These states were California (1.9 million), Florida (1.6 million) and Texas (1.6 million).
Alaska leads in the percent of people 18 and older with 14% who were veterans in 2011. The percent of the 18-and-older population who were veterans was 12% or more in Maine, Montana, Virginia and Wyoming.
AN EDUCATED GROUP
Yes, 26.3% of veterans 25 and older had at least a bachelor’s degree in 2011. In comparison, 28.5% of the total population had a bachelor’s degree or higher. Over 92% of veterans 25 and older had a high-school diploma or higher in 2011, compared with 86% of the population as a whole.
Annual median income of veterans, in 2011 inflation-adjusted dollars, was $35,821 compared with $25,811 for the population as a whole. There were 9.1 million veterans, 18 to 64, in the labor force in 2011. Over 3.5 million veterans have a service-connected disability rating. Of this number, 810,245 have a rating of 70% or higher.
Severity of one’s disability is scaled from 0 to 100% and eligibility for compensation depends on one’s rating. Over 16 million veterans were expected to vote Tuesday since that is the number reportedly having done so in the 2008 presidential election.
Seventy-one percent of veterans were expected to cast a ballot in this presidential election. Fifty-seven percent of veterans voted in the 2010 congressional election.
In the world of business, 9% of all US nonfarm firms that are majority-owned by veterans. Veteran-owned firms comprised an estimated 2.4 million of the 27.1 million nonfarm businesses nationwide in 2007. Seventy-five percent of veteran owners of respondent firms were 55 or older in 2007. This compares with 37% of all owners of respondent firms. Similarly, in 2007, 56% of veteran-owned respondent firms with employees reported that their businesses were originally established before 1990. This compares with 39% of all employers of respondent firms. Veteran owners of respondent firms who were disabled as the result of injury incurred or aggravated during active military service came to 8%.<|endoftext|>هر آنچه که باید درباره آسباد بدانید ؟
در لغت نامه دهخدا لغت «آس» چنین تعریف شده است:
” دو سنگ گرد و یخ بر هم نهاده و زیرین را در میان میلی آهنین و جز آن از سوراخ میان زبرین در گذشته و سنگ زبرین به قوت دست آدمی یا ستور یا باد یا آب و بخار و برق گردد و حبوب و جز آن را خرد یا آرد سازد.
همچنین ذیل مدخل «آسباد» چنین آمده است: «آسیا که به قوت باد گردد؛ باد آس؛ وحی الريح؛ آسیاچرخ».
بنا بر نظر بیشتر تاریخ نویسان، فناوری پیدایش آسیاهای بادی از بخش های شرقی ایران، یعنی خراسان و سیستان، سرچشمه گرفته است. در این بخش ها همواره باد ۱۲۰ روزه می وزد. برخی منابع تاریخی نشان می دهد که سابقه آسباد در ایران به پیش از اسلام می رسد. دمشقی (۷۲۶ق /۱۳۲۶م)، جغرافی دان سوری شیوه ساخت آسیاد را با شکلی شرح داده است:
… ساختمان بلندی مانند مناره می سازند و یا اینکه قله یک کوه بلند یا تپه و یا برج قصری را در نظر می گیرند. آنها ساختمانی را روی ساختمان دیگر می سازند ساختمان بالایی آسیاب را در بر دارد که می چرخد و خرد می کند. در ساختمان پایین، چرخی که با دیوار محصور شده، می چرخد. وقتی چرخ پایینی می چرخد آسیاب بالایی نیز می چرخد. هرچقدر باد بوزد آسیاب ها می چرخند؛ اگرچه فقط یکی از سنگ ها حرکت می کند.
نمایی از اسباد نشتیفان
آسیای بادی (شاتقی) در قسمتهای خاوری کشور، یعنی خراسان و سیستان زیاد است. بر اساس اندازه گیری سرعت باد که «گابریل» در افضل ۱۲۰ روزه باد به عمل آورد، سرعت باد ۳۲ متر در ثانیه و گردش آسیا در هر دقیقه ۱۲۰ دور بود، با این فرض احتیاط آميز که در هر زمان فقط ۱٫۵ تیغه (بره) در معرض باد باشد و با این فرض که کارایی آسیاب فقط ۵۰ درصد باشد، قدرت برداشت آسیا در حدود ۷۵ قوه اسب خواهد بود. (فنّ شناسی معماری ایران- علی خاکی – 293)
هم چنین آسباد دارای 2 طبقه است.
طبقه همکف با آس خانه اتاقکی است که با تاق ضربی پوشیده شده و از پشت بام برای قرار دادن پره ها تخت می شود. درب یک لنگه کوچکی از چوب دارد و محل قرارگیری سنگ آسیا و دیگر اجزای مکانیکی آسیا جنس است ارتفاع این فضا معمولا در حدود سه متر است.
قضایی نیمه بسته است، در این محل دو دیوار بلند بر خلاف جهت باد و دیواری که نیمی از محل ورود باد را می گیرد در جهت ورود باد می ساختند. دو دیوار بلند برای گذاشتن تیر افقى آسياد (سر گازک) و دیوار کوچک مقابل برای اینکه باد فقط از یک طرف وارد شود و آس فقط به یک طرف بچرخد. این دیوار برای ورود بهتر باد معمولا با زاویه ای در حدود ۲۵ ساخته می شود تا باد با فشار بیشتری وارد فضا شده و به پره ها اصابت کند (پره های آسیاد در این فضا تعبیه می شود).
مقطع آسباد
منبع :علی اصغر بهادری – 94<|endoftext|>In the early days of the Australian Federation they used a simple easily implemented and sound economic approach to build infrastructure.
To see the effect of using interest free credit on the development of renewable energy consider the following.
Assume the Capital Cost of a continuous kw is $6,000 (this is about the figure for most large scale developments such as geothermal, solar thermal, or wind farms. A continuous kw takes out the peaks and troughs and averages the output.)
At 7% interest the interest cost is 4.8 cents per kwh
The cost of repayments over 40 years is 1.7 cents per kwh
The operating and maintenance costs are about 1 cents per kwh
The fuel costs are zero
Total cost is 7.5 cents
The Capital Cost of a modern coal fired power station is about $1,500 per continuous kw
At 7% interest the cost is 1.2 cents per kwh
Repayments are 0.42 cents per kwh
Fuel costs are about 1.5 cents per kwh
Total cost is 4.1 cents per kwh
The price at the power station gate in NSW is currently 6 cents per kwh.
However, investors require more than a 7% return on investment and typically in the mining and energy sector are looking at 20 to 40%. At 20% the price needed to encourage investment in the absence of any other incentive is 16.4 cents per kwh or a price increase of 4.
Using a carbon price to encourage investment is likely to be a long painful road and it will not happen. The European experience has been that only way to get investment is to direct the money from the carbon tax to renewables.
However, as shown above, we can make investments in renewables profitable at today’s prices by eliminating interest on credit used to fund investments.
One way to encourage investment is to increase the price of the output of the investment and the other is to reduce the cost of the investment. Eliminating interest is a much simpler economically responsible approach and was used successfully in the early days of the Australian Federation to help build the national infrastructure.
We can do the same a century later.<|endoftext|>[ad_1]
یک بار دیگر ، دوست من تاکر کارلسون مورد حمله قرار گرفت. این بار برای گفتن چیزی است که در واقع درست و کاملاً رایج است ، و همچنین چیزی است که او اصلاً نگفته است. در این تکرار آخر
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مد نظر قرار. مدارک و شرایط ثبت شرکت در کشور آلمان به شرح زیر می باشد: شاخص قدرت نسبي يا RSI ساخته ذهن خلاق تحليلگر تكنيكال آقاي Welles Wilder بود و از زمان انتشار آن در سال 1978 توسط معاملهگران بسياري مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است (بهترين انديكاتورهاي هات فاركس HotForex).
به تدریج، هر کس در خانواده به این واقعیت پی برده که جوانترین همیشه "خرج کردن" است و هیچ کاری در اطراف خانه انجام نمی دهد، هرگز از او درخواست نشده است. علاوه بر آن، از آنجا که دوشنبه اولین روز یک هفته کاری جدید است، تمام افراد این روز را سرشار از امید آغاز میکنند. اگر شما روز دوشنبه خرید کنید همچنان که هفته شتاب میگیرد، سهام شما آماده پیوستن به آهنگ رشد قیمتهاست. چه کار دیگری در این روز بیش از خرید سهام برای اغلب مردم امری طبیعی خواهد بود؟ اما اگر شما کمی زیرک تر از کتابچه راهنمای جامع مدیریت ریسک در بازارهای مالی اکثریت هستید پس از خود میپرسید زیرکانه نیست که روز دوشنبه درست وقتی که سایرین در حال خریدن و پیشنهاد خرید به قیمتهای بالاتر هستند اقدام به فروش سهام خود کنید . گزینه ها Standard-Floating Micro-Floating Demo-Floating اسپرد شناور به پیپ 55 55 55 فاصلۀ دستور به پیپ 90 90 90 سواپ(خرید / فروش) -4.27 / -3.12 USD per 1 lot -4.27 / -3.12 USD per 1 lot -4.27 / -3.12 USD per 1 lot رقم 0.001 0.001 0.001 حجمدر دسترس 0.01 – 10000 lot 0.01 – 10000 lot 0.01 – 10000 lot لات 5000 oz 5000 oz 5000 oz ارزش 1 پیپ در حجم 1 lot 5 USD 5 USD 5 USD<|endoftext|>Rolls royce
La storia della celebre fabbrica inglese comincia nel 1904 quando esce la prima vettura costruita dal fondatore Henry Royce, cui due anni più tardi si unisce Charles Rolls. Dopo il successo ottenuto dalle prime automobili Rolls-Royce, apprezzatissime per il loro alto valore qualitativo, nel 1906 nasce il modello “40 – 50 HP”, meglio conosciuto come Silver Ghost (Fantasma d’argento), considerato l’iniziatore della leggenda Rolls-Royce e rimasto in produzione fino al 1925. Questo esemplare è del 1914 e fu impiegato durante la prima Guerra Mondiale, come vettura della Stato Maggiore britannico sul fronte francese. La carrozzeria torpedo è della Ditta Barker.
- Nome
- Rolls royce<|endoftext|>به گزارش پرسپولیس آنلاین : تمرینات تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس صبح امروز زیر باران شدید در ورزشگاه درفشی فر انجام شد و بازیکنان زیر نظر مانوئل ژوزه تمریناتی را برای آمادگی بیشتر براي ديدار با صنعت نفت آبادان در نخستین بازی لیگ دوازدهم انجام دادند.
بعد از تمرینات صبح امروز مصاحبه هایی با بازیکنان همچون بنگر، ماهینی، نوری و کاظمیان انجام دادیم که در ادامه خواهیم خواند.
*شرایطمان را با آب و هوای آبادان متناسب می کنیم
جواد کاظمیان مهاجم تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس در خصوص وضعیت این تیم قبل از بازی با صنعت نفت آبادان گفت: در حال حاضر تهران دو، سه روز است که هوای خوب پاییزی دارد و ما سر حال تر از همیشه تمرین می کنیم اما مشکل ما هوای گرم و شرجی آبادان است که باید تمام سعی مان را انجام دهيم تا در دقایق ابتدایی بازی شرایطم مان را با آب و هوای آبادان متناسب کنیم تا بتوانیم نتیجه لازم را در اولین بازی در لیگ دوازدهم بدست آوریم.<|endoftext|>La mia bocca era secca come l'acqua che tolgono dai Navigli d'inverno perché sennò gela. Così con una combriccola di amici napoletani sono andato a fare l'aperitivo. Al secondo Negroni, nei gabinetti di questo bar argentino, mi è apparso un animale mitologico che credevo essersi estinto quando "Age of Aquarius" era il singolo numero uno in classifica: un etero curioso.
Ha attaccato bottone con me nel bagno e, quando l'ho invitato al nostro tavolo, ci ha provato con quasi tutte le mie amiche. Cassius Clay, biondo con gli occhi azzurri, 20 anni, pugile che ha vinto non so quale titolo, parlatore fluente di giapponese, russo, francese, olandese e inglese. N'enciclopedia. Saranno stati i Negroni, o il fatto che "ero in secca", ma il mio radar (notoriamente farlocco) si è acceso tipo sirena di "Scuola di polizia". Dopo venti minuti di fitta conversazione, e una rissa pubblica "per difendere il mio onore" (cit.), è tornato a casa con me per giocare alla Wii. E' bastata una canzone degli One Direction per farlo sbandare dall'autostrada della vagina.
E quando si è messo dentro il mio letto "per dormire", dopo la gioia iniziale di aver ricevuto un regalo di Natale, di compleanno, di Pasqua e Capodanno tutto insieme e in anticipo, mi sono sentito un po' ipocrita. Proprio qualche giorno prima avevo cercato di sfatare con la mia troupe il mito dei gay predatori di "poveri eterosessuali". Ora invece eccomi là, con Cassius Clay, a fare le coreografie con il controller della Wii.
Forse Cassius è venuto a letto con me per simpatia, o causae Negroni. O forse l'occasione fa l'uomo gay. O forse sono io che ragiono come un vecchio. Basta con i cilindri e i cubi: la sessualità è liquida. E come ogni liquido, se cerchi di versarne un po' da un bicchiere all'altro, qualche goccia va a finire per terra. Ma quando capiamo che è venuto il momento di passare da un vaso all'altro scambiandoci ben altro tipo di fluidi?
Forse non mi sono trovato faccia a faccia con un chupacabra della sessualità. Qualche giorno e diversi bicchieri di vino dopo, nello stesso bar argentino, in compagnia di qualche donna carina, mi sono reso conto di essere un animale mitologico anche io: il minotauro gay. Una testa piena di convinzioni, e un "dalla vita in giù" che va al migliore offerente, maschio o femmina che sia.
Come sempre, nel mio Super Quark metrosexual, mi sono avvalso di un eccellente panel di esperti. C., un ex banchiere ora aspirante pasticciere, mi ha illuminato. E' tutta una questione di proporzioni: il delta fra un uomo gay che diventa etero e un uomo etero che diventa gay è lo stesso. Così inizio a guardare il mondo con occhi diversi, in attesa che l'occasione mi faccia diventare un uomo etero.Suggerisci una correzione<|endoftext|>Adolf Hitler was a german politician, a government leader and one of the 20th centuries most powerful dictators. Making anti-semitism a keystone of his propaganda and policies, he built up the Nazi party into a mass movement. Once in power, he converted Germany into a fully militarized society and launched World War II. For a time he dominated most of Europe and North Africa . He caused the slaughter of millions of Jews and others whom he considered inferior human beings.
Hitler was born in Braunauam Inn, Austria, on April 20, 1889, the son of a minor customs official and a peasant girl. A poor student, he never completed high school. He applied for admission to the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna but was rejected for lack of talent. Staying in Vienna until 1913, he lived first on an orphan's pension, later on small earnings from pictures he drew. He read voraciously, developing anti-Jewish and antidemocratic convictions, an admiration for the outstanding individual, and a contempt for the masses.
In World War I, Hitler, by then in Munich, volunteered for service in the Bavarian army. He proved a dedicated, courageous soldier, but was never promoted beyond private first class because his superiors thought him lacking in leadership qualities. After Germany's defeat in 1918 he returned to Munich, remaining in the army until 1920. His commander made him an education officer, with the mandate to immunize his charges against pacifist and democratic ideas. In September 1919 he joined the nationalist German workers party, and in April 1920 he went to work full time for the party, now renamed the National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) party. In 1921 he was elected party chairman with dichorial powers.
Organizing meeting after meeting, terrorizing political foes with groups of party thugs, Hitler spread his gospel of racial hatred and contempt for democracy. He soon became a key figure in Bavarian politics, aided by high officials and businessmen. In November 1923, a time of political and economic chaos, he led an uprising in Munich against the postwar weimar republic, proclaiming himself chancellor of a new authoritarian regime. Without military support, however, the Putsch collapsed. As leader of the plot, Hitler was sentenced to five years imprisonment and spent the eight months he actually served dictating his autobiography Mein kampf. Released as a result of a general amnesty in December 1924, he rebuilt his party without interference from those whose government he had tried to overthrow. When the Great depression struck in 1929, his explanation of it as a Jewish-Communist plot was accepted by many Germans. Promising a strong Germany, jobs, and national glory, he attracted millions of voters. Nazi representation in the Reichstag rose from 12 seats in 1928 to 107 in 1930.
During the following two years the party kept expanding, benefiting from growing unemployment, fear of Communism, Hitler's self...<|endoftext|>Fossil Claw Indicates Giant Arthropods of the Devonian
Spiders can be quite frightening, especially at this time of year when some particular types of spider, such as the Wolf Spider take up residence in your house to avoid the wintry weather. Suddenly, seeing one of these animals scuttling along the living room floor can be enough to make anyone jump, but scientists in Germany have come across a fossil to really put the wind up anyone with a slight fear of Arthropods.
Markus Poschmann of the Mainz museum, in Germany has found a 390 million year old fossil claw from what could be the biggest Arthropod known to date. The fossil was found in a quarry near the town of Prum in western Germany. The fossil is part of a claw of a sea scorpion species named Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, this species had been described and named from other German finds last Century but this new find reveals that this particular sea scorpion was a giant of the Devonian seas, reaching lengths in excess of 2.5 metres,
Based on the size of the claw, which is 46 cms long scientists have calculated that this animal would have grown to at least 2.5 metres in length, making it a contender for the largest ever Arthropod. Certainly, based on these measurements this new find puts J. rhenaniae up alongside the likes of Pterygotus, another huge sea scorpion (known as Eurypterids).
Markus Poschmann and his Fossil Find
Picture Credit: Markus Poschmann
The picture above shows Markus next to his restored and mounted giant scorpion claw.
Jaekelopterus rhenaniae was probably a top predator during this part of the Devonian period, feeding on other Arthropods, including smaller sea scorpions and fish. Markus and co-author Simon Braddy, a palaeobiologist from Bristol University have just had their work published in Biology Letters, a scientific journal.
Based on other fossils of J. rhenaniae it can be seen that the limbs were relatively weak and would not have supported the weight of this huge animal without the assistance of water, so the scientists have speculated that this animal spent the vast majority of its life in a marine environment. It would have been a ferocious ambush predator, tackling any animal smaller than itself that ventured within reach. Once captured the powerful claws would have simply torn the victim to pieces, which could then have been passed up to the animal's mouth on the underside of its heavily armoured head.
Despite this animal's terrible appearance, it was no terror of the deep. Instead it would have patrolled the shallow coastal areas, where there would have been a greater congregation of potential prey. This theory is borne out by evidence from the matrix from which the fossil was taken. The rocks reveal that the claw was buried by sediments laid down in a coastal swamp or probably a river delta.
A Scale Drawing Comparing this Huge Eurypterid
Picture Credit: Bristol University<|endoftext|>Throw on a pair of cargo shorts, jump in the jeep and don’t forget your camera, because we’re going on an animal safari! And it all begins in the palm of your hand. Or, more accurately, with the palm of your hand.
Printing using hands and feet is brilliantly messy and incredibly fun, not to mention easy and already manageable (and highly enjoyable) by the youngest ones.
With just a little bit of imagination you can bring handprints to life, creating lots of different animals and shapes. This is a great activity to introduce a more concise method of painting with little ones, as they can think about what colours can go where on their hands and how to use fingerprints to add simple but effective details.
We’ve dreamed up a few ideas for animal handprint art, but we’re quite sure that the fun of creating more and more different animals will continue until you’re running out of paint! You might just end up with an entire safari across the kids’ bedroom walls!
For the older children, let them look at some pictures of animals and see if they can recreate them with their hands, manipulating them into different shapes and working out what each finger, thumb and palm could represent.
If you want to go a little bit further (and maybe the weather allows to get going outside to avoid the chaos painting can have on oh-so-innocent carpets and floors) you could also experiment with footprints. What animals pop into your kid’s heads when they look at their feet? Maybe a crocodile? A horse, with just the addition of some ears? The wings of a butterfly? Or something else entirely?
1 Have a look at some pictures of animals, the colours of paint you have and the shape of your hand or feet to see what animals you can try to recreate.
2 Dip the brush into the poster paint and paint your hand in the way you want to use it for the handprint. Think about what parts of your hand you want to print and make sure there is lots of paint on it!
3 Press your painted hand on the paper. Push down quite firmly and then carefully remove your hand from the paper. Wipe your hand with a wet wipe.
4 Add extra detail by painting fingers, thumbs or fingertips, and press down over your painting. Think about how to add tails, eyes, noses/beaks and ears. Wash your hands and think of another animal to create!
To get going, why not try to recreate some of our animal hand prints?
Use your thumb for the elephant's trunk (stretch it out away from your fingers) spread the other four fingers down as the leggs. Use two big thumb prints for big, floppy elephant ears.
Lion: Paint your palm yellow and your fingers orange. Spread out your hand and print. Then add more orange paint to your fingers and print to make his mane thicker. Use your fingertips to give him eyes, and a sideways thumb for his nose.
We had to! Paint your hand black and press your fingers together, then print. Paint your forefinger and middle finger red and yellow and print sideways for his beak. Add fingerprint feet and an eye.
Paint your hand yellow and print. Use your forefinger to make a long neck, two fingers to make a head and then add brown fingerprints to decorate the fur.
The fun doesn’t end with the creation of the handprint animals. After you’ve allowed the pictures to dry you can do loads of different things with them.
Cut out the handprint animals and attach a lolly stick or piece of cardboard to the back. Grab a few blankets and create a puppet theatre stage. Decide with your kids who is the actor and who is the audience (spoilers: they might just want to be the actors). Now, they’ll need to rehearse the play. That gives you some time to have a cup of tea (or possibly more realistically, clean up all the painting mess from earlier. Sorry.).
Create an entire safari park in the kid’s playroom using cardboard boxes, washed food containers or anything that could work to define the kids compound. You may need to cut out the handprints or may want to add some more background drawings on the pictures to match the story that your children come up with. Discuss the scene the kids are building and try to add in a few fun facts, like how lions are no danger for grown-up elephants, and how elephant babies gets protected from the whole elephant herd to avoid being harmed by lions. Yes, we like facts about lions and elephants.
Pin up the handprint safari animal pictures on the wall, letting the kids decide where each one goes. Have a look at the sequence at the end. Can they tell a story that follows this sequence? Try mixing them up. Can they come up with a completely different story?
Want craft projects, with all the materials you'll need, delivered straight to your door? Sign up today and save 50% on your first box! Not ready to commit? Subscribe to our fun-filled weekly newsletter, jam packed with craft ideas, recipes, fun activities and more!<|endoftext|>La generazione di energia è un campo di grande interesse, sia per le fonti energetiche tradizionali che per quelle rinnovabili. Tipiche applicazioni sono la lavorazione di turbine per centrali a combustibile fossile o nucleari, di valvole a sfera per condutture di gas o petrolio, di assi per generatori eolici, di pannelli fotovoltaici.<|endoftext|>آخرین اخبار اشتغال
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اقتصادنیوز: یک عضو کمیسیون اقتصادی مجلس شورای اسلامی، گفت: اینکه ما به مردم وعده دهیم که درآینده وضعیت بهتر می شود کافی نیست. مردم باید حاصل تلاش های دولت و مجلس را در سفره خود ببینند.
اقتصادنیوز: بیشترین رشد اشتغال در ایران در دهه ۱۳۷۵ تا ۱۳۸۵ است.
اقتصادنیوز: هم میهن در یادداشتی آمار اشتغال در دولت ابراهیم رئی
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تعقیب پلیس, به جراحت جدی شخصی, محکوم شده باشید ، جریمه حداقل چه مقدار است ۲۰۰۰ دلار ۳۰۰۰ دلار ۵۰۰۰ دلار 3. [CAEZY] در یک بزرگراه چند خطی تقسیم نشده ، حداکثر سرعت مجاز برای وسایل نقلیه که دارای تریلر هستند ______ است مگر اینکه قانون ویژه تصویب کند ۵۵ مایل در ساعت ۶۰ مایل در ساعت ۶۵ مایل در ساعت 4. [CAEZY] یک پیکان زرد چشمک زن به این معنی است که شما باید این کار را انجام دهید شرح کلمات:پیکان = چراغ تیر مانند تقدم کنید و سپس با احتیاط ادامه دهید با احتیاط ادامه دهید اما گردش در جهت پیکان مجاز نیست متوقف شوید و آماده اطاعت از سیگنال بعدی باشید اشاره 5. [CAEZY] دو خط زرد ممتد با فاصله دو فوت یا بیشتر, در بین جادۀ دو طرفه, بیانگر یکی از گزینه های زیر است شرح کلمات:ممتد: پیوسته، یک نواخت فضای پارکینگ موانع بین جاده جاده یا ترافیک دو طرفه 6. [CAEZY] باید سرعت خود را به نصف کاهش دهید, وقتی جاده _____ وقتی جاده آسفالت نیست وقتی جاده پوشیده از برف است وقتی جاده خیس (تر) است 7. [CAEZY] این چه علامتی است؟ شرح کلمات:حق تقدم: حق راه توقف حق تقدم وسیله نقلیه کند رو 8. [CAEZY] اگر یک دوچرخه در سمت راست شما همزمان با شما به یک تقاطع می رسد ، باید این کار را انجام دهید همراه با دو چرخه به آرامی حرکت کنید به دوچرخه سوار حق تقدم را بدهید حرکت کنید زیرا حق تقدم را دارید 9. [CAEZY] اگر وسیله نقلیه شما شروع به لغزش آبی می کند ، باید این کار را انجام دهید شرح کلمات:لغزش آبی: Hydroplane, عدم اصطکاک بین لاستیک و آسفالت ناشی از آبلاستیک: تائیرآسفالت: قیرترمز: بریک از ترمز دستی برای توقف استفاده کنید هرچه زود ترمز کنید با رها کردن گاز, سرعت را به تدریج کم کنید 10. [CAEZY] این علامت هشدار دهنده به چه معناست؟ علامت که در پیش است توقف لازم نیست ولی با احتیاط رد شوید از علامتی که در پیش است با سرعت کم عبور کنید یک علامت توقف در پیش است لطفاً کادر نظر را در زیر پر کنید 10 Comments Parwana Mahboob on 04/23/2021 at 1:49 ب.ظ علامه وجود ندارد برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Roshanak Alialy on 11/15/2023 at 12:35 ق.ظ مثبت برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Roshanak Alialy on 11/15/2023 at 12:38 ق.ظ خوب بود برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Roshanak Alialy on 11/15/2023 at 12:57 ق.ظ اموزنده بود برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Parwana Mahboob on 04/23/2021 at 1:54 ب.ظ علام اوجودنداده برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Sayed Sulaiman Bakhtyar on 07/28/2022 at 12:48 ب.ظ علامه وجود ندارد برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Farid Mahboob on 08/30/2022 at 11:13 ب.ظ علامه اضافه کردیم تشکر برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Bashir Noori on 06/04/2023 at 1:47 ق.ظ بخش دوم برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Roshanak Alialy on 11/15/2023 at 12:58 ق.ظ ادامه برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Roshanak Alialy on 11/15/2023 at 12:46 ق.ظ اموزنده بود برای پاسخ دادن وارد شوید Submit a Comment لغو پاسخبرای نوشتن دیدگاه باید وارد بشوید.<|endoftext|>Ad aprile 10, la società russa Space Systems, che fa parte di Roscosmos, ha pubblicato una versione elettronica di un documento storico. Chiunque può ora familiarizzare con il "Progetto di struttura del sistema per il monitoraggio dell'orbita di un oggetto E-1". Il documento è stato preparato a maggio, 1958, dall'Istituto di ricerca n. XXUMX (ora Centro di ricerca e produzione per l'automazione e la strumentazione intitolato a NA Pilyugin). Le pagine originali dattilografate di 885 forniscono informazioni sugli obiettivi e gli obiettivi del progetto, su come raggiungerli, ecc. La maggior parte del documento è dedicata alla descrizione tecnica del complesso di terra e ai principi del suo lavoro.
Già nell'introduzione, gli autori del documento hanno notato l'eccezionale complessità delle sfide. Il razzo e l'E-1 dovevano essere tracciati a distanze che erano due ordini di grandezza maggiori delle solite distanze per quel tempo. Inoltre, il lavoro dei progettisti potrebbe complicare il breve tempo assegnato al lavoro. Tuttavia, sono stati trovati metodi per tracciare il volo di un razzo e una stazione automatica dalla Terra, oltre a metodi per stimare la traiettoria e la ricezione di segnali di telemetria.
La composizione dei mezzi elettronici terrestri avrebbe dovuto essere una stazione radar, un sistema per ricevere dati dal veicolo spaziale e un dispositivo per il controllo remoto. Nel dare forma all'aspetto del nuovo sistema, gli specialisti della ricerca 885 hanno dovuto individuare le gamme ottimali per il funzionamento delle apparecchiature radio, determinare la composizione del complesso e le funzioni dei singoli componenti e anche trovare i luoghi più vantaggiosi per la loro implementazione.
I calcoli nella bozza di disegno mostravano le caratteristiche necessarie dei dispositivi di antenna, la cui costruzione era un compito molto difficile. Si è constatato che le caratteristiche di trasmissione e ricezione richieste del segnale radio mostreranno antenne di terra con un'area di almeno 400 sq. M o un diametro di almeno 30 m. Nel nostro paese non esistevano prodotti di questo tipo; non c'era alcuna possibilità di una loro rapida creazione da zero. A questo proposito, è stato proposto di utilizzare fogli di antenna adatti o di creare nuovi prodotti simili. Sono stati progettati per essere montati su dispositivi rotanti esistenti, precedentemente ottenuti insieme al radar americano SCR-627 e con il "Big Würzburg" tedesco catturato.
Per monitorare il funzionamento dell'oggetto E-1, sono stati sviluppati diversi tipi di antenne. La soluzione di diversi compiti è stata effettuata con l'aiuto di un riflettore parabolico troncato di grandi dimensioni e utilizzando lame rettangolari con le dimensioni appropriate. L'installazione su supporti mobili ha permesso di fornire la massima copertura dello spazio e quindi aumentare le capacità complessive del complesso.
Insieme alle antenne dovevano lavorare diversi sistemi di strumentazione. Quindi, su diverse auto ZIL-131 con carrozzerie standard, è stato proposto di installare apparecchiature radioelettroniche del trasmettitore. Con l'aiuto di cavi, doveva essere collegato all'antenna corrispondente. La parte ricevente del complesso è stata progettata per essere dispiegata in modo permanente, in un edificio separato vicino al posto dell'antenna. Per ottenere i risultati desiderati e la misurazione corretta, le due antenne dovevano essere a diversi chilometri di distanza.
È stato proposto di dotare le antenne riceventi di un sistema di tracciamento automatico per un oggetto spaziale. Analizzando il segnale dal trasmettitore di bordo, tale apparecchiatura ha dovuto cambiare la posizione dell'antenna, fornendo la migliore ricezione con la massima potenza e l'interferenza minima. Tale puntamento dell'antenna doveva essere eseguito automaticamente.
Come parte del complesso di misurazione era necessario fornire diversi sistemi di comunicazione separati. Alcuni canali sono stati progettati per trasferire dati da un componente a un altro, mentre altri erano necessari per le persone. Secondo i calcoli, solo la trasmissione dei dati vocali era associata a difficoltà note e poteva interferire con il corretto funzionamento dell'intero complesso.
Il sistema a terra avrebbe dovuto includere i mezzi per registrare i segnali. È stato proposto di registrare tutti i dati di telemetria e gli indicatori radar su supporti magnetici. Inoltre, nel pacchetto di equipaggiamento era incluso un set fotografico per i dati di ripresa visualizzati sugli schermi.
Uno dei capitoli del documento pubblicato è dedicato alla selezione di un luogo per l'installazione di nuove strutture radar. I calcoli hanno dimostrato che il prodotto E-1 volerà verso la luna circa 36 ore. Allo stesso tempo, l'apparato doveva sorpassare l'orizzonte (rispetto a qualsiasi punto dell'URSS con latitudine sotto 65 °) solo poche volte. Si è constatato che la zona più comoda per lo stazionamento è il sud della parte europea del paese. Hanno deciso di costruire un punto di misurazione vicino alla città di Crimea di Simeiz, dove in quel momento era già funzionante una struttura di radioastronomia dell'Istituto di Fisica dell'Accademia delle Scienze. I suoi strumenti tecnici potrebbero essere utilizzati nel nuovo progetto.
Il progetto dello schizzo prevedeva l'installazione di un sistema di punti di misura sul monte Koshka. Allo stesso tempo, i suoi singoli componenti avrebbero dovuto trovarsi a una distanza di 5-6 km l'uno dall'altro. In conformità con le proposte del progetto, parte delle apparecchiature elettroniche dovrebbe essere collocata in edifici fissi, mentre altri dispositivi potrebbero essere montati sul telaio dell'auto.
Stazione E-1A
Con l'aiuto di test sul campo con i simulatori del prodotto E-1, sono state determinate le caratteristiche ottimali dell'apparecchiatura radio. Quindi, per il collegamento radio Earth-board, la frequenza 102 MHz era considerata ottimale. Il dispositivo doveva trasmettere dati sulla Terra a una frequenza di 183,6 MHz. L'aumento della sensibilità dei ricevitori a terra ha ridotto la potenza del trasmettitore a bordo di E-1 a 100 W.
I principi di funzionamento proposti dal sistema di monitoraggio dell'orbita "E-1" per il loro tempo erano molto progressivi e audaci. Con l'aiuto di un numero di sistemi radio, è necessario determinare l'azimut e l'elevazione, determinando la direzione verso la stazione interplanetaria. Inoltre, era necessario determinare la distanza tra la Terra e l'oggetto, nonché la distanza dall'oggetto alla Luna. Infine, è stato necessario misurare la velocità di E-1. I segnali di telemetria dovrebbero essere arrivati dall'orbita alla Terra.
Nella fase iniziale del volo, la trasmissione telemetrica doveva essere effettuata con l'aiuto di mezzi standard del veicolo di lancio 8K72 Vostok-L. Il sistema di telemetria RTS-12-A potrebbe comunicare con la Terra utilizzando un trasmettitore radio razzo di terza fase. Dopo la separazione da esso, la stazione E-1 avrebbe dovuto includere la propria apparecchiatura radio. Per un po 'di tempo, prima di entrare nell'area di copertura del patrimonio terrestre, la stazione potrebbe rimanere "invisibile". Tuttavia, dopo alcuni minuti, il punto di misurazione del suolo lo ha preso per il tracciamento.
La determinazione della distanza dal veicolo spaziale e la sua velocità di volo sono state proposte per essere eseguite con l'aiuto della radiazione pulsata e di un transponder a bordo. Con una frequenza di 10 Hz, la stazione di misurazione del terreno doveva inviare impulsi alla stazione. Avendo ricevuto il segnale, ha dovuto rispondere sulla propria frequenza. Al momento del passaggio di due segnali, l'automazione potrebbe calcolare la distanza dalla stazione. Questa tecnica forniva un'accuratezza accettabile e, inoltre, non richiedeva una potenza del trasmettitore inaccettabilmente elevata, come potrebbe essere il caso quando si utilizza il radar standard con la ricezione del segnale riflesso.
La misurazione della distanza tra E-1 e la Luna è stata assegnata all'equipaggiamento di bordo. I segnali del trasmettitore di bordo, che riflettono dal satellite della Terra, potrebbero tornare alla stazione automatica. A distanze inferiori a 3-4 migliaia di chilometri, poteva tranquillamente riceverli e trasmettere il complesso di terra. Inoltre, i dati necessari sono stati calcolati sulla Terra.
Per misurare la velocità di volo, è stato proposto di utilizzare l'effetto Doppler. Con il passaggio di E-1 su alcune sezioni della traiettoria, il sistema di terra e la navicella spaziale dovevano scambiare impulsi radio relativamente lunghi. Modificando la frequenza del segnale ricevuto, il punto di misurazione potrebbe determinare la velocità di volo della stazione.
Lo spiegamento del punto di misurazione vicino alla città di Simeiz ha permesso di ottenere ottimi risultati. Durante il volo di 36 ore, la stazione E-1 avrebbe dovuto essere nel campo visivo di questo oggetto per tre volte. Il primo stadio del controllo riguardava la parte iniziale della parte passiva della traiettoria. Allo stesso tempo era previsto l'uso di mezzi di controllo radio. Inoltre, il volo era controllato a una distanza di 120-200 a mille km dalla Terra. La terza volta che la stazione è tornata nella zona di visibilità quando volava a una distanza di 320-400 migliaia di km. Il passaggio dell'apparato nelle ultime due sezioni è stato controllato utilizzando radar e mezzi di telemetria.
"Il progetto di schizzo del sistema di monitoraggio dell'orbita dell'oggetto E-1 è stato approvato l'ultimo giorno di maggio 1958. Presto cominciò lo sviluppo della documentazione di progettazione, dopodiché iniziò la preparazione delle strutture esistenti per l'uso nel nuovo progetto. Va notato che non tutte le antenne disponibili in Crimea erano adatte per l'uso nel programma "Luna". Alcuni posti dell'antenna dovevano essere dotati di tele completamente nuove di dimensioni maggiori. Questo ha complicato un po 'il progetto e ha spostato le scadenze per la sua implementazione, ma ha comunque permesso di ottenere i risultati desiderati.
Il primo lancio del veicolo di lancio 8K72 "Vostok-L" con l'apparecchio E-1 №1 a bordo ha avuto luogo a settembre 23 1958 dell'anno. Al secondo volo 87-th, prima del completamento del primo stadio, il missile è crollato. Anche i lanci di ottobre 11 e dicembre 4 si sono conclusi in un incidente. Solo 4 di gennaio 1959 è stato in grado di lanciare con successo E-1 # 4, noto anche come Luna-1. Tuttavia, la missione del volo non è stata completamente completata. A causa di un errore nella preparazione del programma di volo, il veicolo spaziale è passato ad una distanza considerevole dalla luna.
In base ai risultati del lancio del quarto apparecchio, il progetto è stato rielaborato e ora i prodotti E-1А sono stati forniti all'inizio. A giugno, 1959, una di queste stazioni è stata uccisa insieme a un missile. All'inizio di settembre sono stati fatti diversi tentativi senza successo per lanciare il prossimo razzo vettore con la serie "Luna". Alcuni giorni dopo, un certo numero di lanci furono cancellati, e poi il razzo fu rimosso dalla rampa di lancio.
Infine, 12 September 1959, il numero di dispositivo 7, noto anche come "Luna-2", è entrato con successo nella traiettoria calcolata. All'ora stimata della sera di settembre 13, cadde sulla Luna, nella parte occidentale del Mare delle Piogge. Ben presto la terza fase del veicolo di lancio entrò in collisione con il satellite naturale della Terra. La prima volta storie un prodotto di origine terrestre apparve sulla luna. Inoltre, gagliardetti metallici con l'emblema dell'Unione Sovietica sono stati consegnati alla superficie del satellite. Dal momento che non era stato ipotizzato un atterraggio morbido, la stazione interplanetaria automatica fu distrutta ei suoi frammenti, insieme a proiettili metallici, volarono attraverso il terreno.
Dopo un atterraggio duro riuscito della stazione sulla luna, ulteriori lanci di E-1A sono stati annullati. Ottenere i risultati desiderati ha permesso all'industria spaziale sovietica di continuare a lavorare e iniziare a creare sistemi di ricerca più avanzati.
"Il sistema di monitoraggio radio per orbita oggetto E-1, realizzato appositamente per il lavoro con stazioni automatiche, è stato in grado di funzionare secondo lo schema del personale solo due volte nell'ambito del primo programma di ricerca. Ha condotto sulla traiettoria dell'apparato E-1 №4 e Е-1A №7. In questo caso, il primo deviava dalla traiettoria calcolata e mancava la luna, e il secondo colpiva con successo il bersaglio. Per quanto a nostra conoscenza, non sono state fatte dichiarazioni sul lavoro dei controlli a terra.
Il completamento del lavoro sul tema E-1 e il lancio di nuovi progetti di ricerca hanno avuto un impatto decisivo sugli oggetti speciali in Simeiz. In
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ورو، تعریف شده به عنوان «افرادی که در حال حاضر در مدرسه ثبت نام کردهاند و / یا حداقل به درجه ۵ ابتدایی رسیده اند»، نسبت به سال (۲۰۱۱)، ۹۶.۵٪ است. از سال ۲۰۱۳ تعداد ۳۱۹۰ دانش آموز و ۱۰۴ معلم وجود دارد. سرشماری سال ۲۰۱۱ اظهار داشت: ۴ درصد از جمعیت ۱۵ سال یا بالاتر دارای تحصیلات ابتدایی، ۹۱ درصد دارای تحصیلات متوسطه و ۵ درصد دارای تحصیلات عالی هستند. تحصیلات مبتنی بر سیستم انگلیس است که نیاز به حضور ۵ تا ۱۶ سال دارد. تحصیل در نائورو برای کودکان ۶ تا ۱۵ساله در کشور نائورو رایگان و اجباری است. دانش آموزان سه سال را در پیش دبستانی، شش سال تحصیلات ابتدایی و چهار سال دبیرستان میگذرانند. مدرسه سوم نیازی نیست.
در سال ۱۹۹۹ حدود ۱۰.۷ درصد از تولید ناخالص داخلی صرف آموزش و پرورش شده است. از سال ۲۰۱۳، پنج کودکستان، چهار مدرسه ابتدایی، سه مدرسه راهنمایی و یک مدرسه عالی وجود داردکالج تنهایی، دانشگاه اقیانوس آرام جنوبی، در دهه ۱۹۷۰ از طریق دورههای راه دور افتتاح شد و در سال ۱۹۸۷ یک دانشگاه در این جزیره ساخته شد. این حسابداری، مدیریت، آموزش ابتدایی و مطالعات انگلیسی را به عنوان رشتههای برتر ارائه میدهد. سیستم آموزش و پرورش در سالهای ۲۰۰۰-۲۰۰۵ تقریباً در حال فروپاشی بود. در این مدت امتحانات برگزار نشده، معلمان حقوق نمیگرفتند و مدارس بودجه کافی برای ادامه ندارند. در نتیجه، بیش از نیمی از مدارس تعطیل شدند. در سال ۲۰۰۹، دولت استرالیا برای کمک به وزارت آموزش و پرورش Nauruan همکاری کرد. این توافق منجر به افزایش ۵.۷ درصدی دانش آموزان، معلمان با مدرک از ۳۰٪ به ۹۳٪ افزایش یافته و بیش از ۱۱ میلیون دلار برای ساخت یک مدرسه متوسطه جدید استفاده شده است.
مهاجرت سرمایه گذاری نائورو
هیچ اطلاعاتی در مورد برنامه سرمایهگذاری شهروندی و همچنین در مورد اینکه آیا دولت کمکهای بلاعوض تسویه حساب شهروندی برای هزینهای را نمیتوان در میان منابعی که مورد مشاوره قرار گرفتهاند یافت. با این حال، شبکه تجاری جزایر اقیانوس آرام در وب سایت خود اعلام کرده است: هیچگاه سیاست نائورو، عمدتاً در نتیجه وضعیت اقتصادی خود و به دلیل فضای محدود موجود برای توسعه، سیاست خاص سرمایهگذاری خارجی نداشته است. بنابراین دولت هرگز به طور جدی سرمایهگذاری خارجی را تشویق نکرده و انگیزهای برای سرمایه گذاران ارائه نمیدهد. این در حالی است که یک مرکز مالی دارد که به شرکتهای بین المللی اجازه میدهد تا برای اهداف برنامه ریزی مالیاتی در آنجا ثبت نام کنند. قوانینی و مقرراتی برای ترویج توسعه بیشتر این مرکز (n. d.) طراحی شده است. این پاسخ پس از تحقیق در مورد اطلاعات قابل دسترس عمومی که در حال حاضر در محدوده زمانی محدود در اختیار اداره تحقیقات قرار دارد تهیه شده است. طرح زیرساختها و خدمات ضروری نائورو از دولت نائورو در برنامه ریزی، هماهنگی و نگهداری از خدمات زیرساختی و خدمات ضروری پشتیبانی میکند. استرالیا برای شناسایی اولویتهای اصلی توسعه زیرساخت ها، به علاوه حمایتهای موجود ما در بخشهای آموزش، بهداشت و خدمات، همکاری خود را با دولت نائورو در سال ۲۰۱۸-۱۹ ادامه خواهد داد. استرالیا با بانک توسعه آسیا از طریق پروژه تأمین امنیت برق و پایداری برق خود، برای تولید دو ژنراتور دیزل جدید برای شرکت آب و برق نائورو در سال ۲۰۱۸ به همراه تجهیزات کمکی و پرسنلی که در زمینه کار و نگهداری آنها آموزش دیده اند، همکاری کرد. استرالیا همچنین بودجه مستقر در مشاور را برای بازی به عنوان مدیر ارشد اجرایی شرکت خدمات نائورو تأمین میکند. استرالیا و نائورو مشترکاً یک مجتمع ورزشی چند منظوره را که به طور رسمی در سپتامبر ۲۰۱۸ افتتاح شد، به طور مشترک تأمین میکنند. علاوه بر تسهیل انواع آموزشها و ورزشهای مشارکت جمعی، از این تسهیلات برای کارگاهها و رویدادهای جامعه نیز استفاده میشود. به عنوان جلسات منطقه ای، همایشها و آموزش.
مهاجرت کاری نائورو
درآمد با استفاده از عوامل زیر محاسبه شده است: حقوق شغلی اول، معیشت، سایر درآمد شغلی، حقوق دوم شغل، خدمات به سایر خانوارها، مزایا، هدایای خانه مصرفی و دریافتی و سایر درآمد. در مقایسه با سایر کشورهایی که از دلار استرالیا استفاده میکنند. کیریباتی، استرالیا و تووالو از نظر درآمد رتبه اول نائورو را به خود اختصاص داده اند. از سال ۲۰۱۳، نائورو حداقل دستمزدی ندارد. تعداد شاغلان نائورو به طور پیوسته افزایش یافته و کاهش یافته است. براساس سرشماری سال ۲۰۱۱.۲۸۸۳ نفر شاغل و ۹۰۸ بیکار وجود دارند که ۲۳٪ نرخ بیکاری را تشکیل میدهند. دفتر آمار اورژانس نائورو پیش بینی کرد که نرخ بیکاری در ۱۵ / FY2014 به ۲۲٪ کاهش یابد. تولید ناخالص داخلی نائورو در سال ۲۰۰.۶۹. ۵۵ میلیون دلار بود که ۴۰٪ از سال ۲۰۰۸ افزایش داشته است. تولید ناخالص داخلی به سه دسته تقسیم میشود: اولیه (۷/۱۸٪ زراعت، شکار، جنگلداری، ماهیگیری، معدن و استخراج معادن). صنایع ثانویه (ساخت ۵/۳۶ درصد تولید، برق، گاز، آب و ساخت و ساز) و عالی (۴۴.۸ درصد تولید، هتل، رستوران و خدمات مختلف) صنایع. اکثر مردم در استخراج فسفات، مدیریت عمومی، آموزش و حمل و نقل اشتغال دارند. در سال ۲۰۰۸ یک بازداشتگاه بسته شد، که باعث شد نرخ بیکاری به ۳۰٪ افزایش یابد، و تقریباً ده درصد از مردم به کار در این مرکز اعتماد داشتند. این مرکز در سال ۲۰۱۲ بازگشایی شد و در حال حاضر ۱.۱۶۲ زندانی، تا مه ۲۰۱۴ خدمت میکنند. در دهه ۱۹۹۰، نائورو به دلیل فعالیت در بانکهای خارج از کشور مشهور بود و به پولشویی کمک میکرد. گزارش استراتژی کنترل بین المللی مواد مخدر وزارت امور خارجه کشور نائورو تخمین میزند ۴۰۰ مرکز مالی خارج از ساحل که ۷۰ میلیارد دلار تخمین زده میشوند. استخراج فسفات در نائورو در اصل باعث شد نائورو ثروتمندترین کشور سرانه در جهان باشد. در سال ۱۹۶۸، صندوق حقوقی فسفات نائورو (NPRT) برای سرمایهگذاری سود از معدن ایجاد شد، بنابراین نائورو پس از خاتمه کار معدن پول میگرفت. صاحبان اعتماد یک ناوگان کشتی و هواپیما، یک کارخانه آبجو در جزایر سلیمان، هتلها در سراسر جهان و املاک و مستغلات در استرالیا، کشور نائورو و انگلیس خریداری کردند و همین امر باعث ورشکستگی این اعتماد میشود. صادرات فسفات در سال ۱۹۷۳ با ۲.۳ میلیون تن به اوج خود رسید، اما در سال ۲۰۰۱ به ۰.۲ میلیون تن کاهش یافته است.
مهاجرت از طریق تولد به نائورو
تولد در قلمرو نائورو به طور خودکار تابعیت اعطا نمیکند. فقط در مورد افراد متولد شده در قلمرو که در غیر این صورت بیتابعیت میشوند، تابعیت به طور خودکار اعطا میشود. کودکی که در ۳۱ ژانویه ۱۹۶۸ یا بعد از آن متولد شد، یکی از والدین وی در زمان تولد یک شهروند نوروروآن بود، حتی اگر والدین قبل از تولد کودک فوت کند. کودکی که در ۳۱ ژانویه سال ۱۹۶۸ به علت ازدواج بین یک شهروند نوریوایی و یک جزیره اقیانوس آرام متولد شد و یا بعد از آن، هیچ یک از والدین در مدت هفت روز پس از تولد اظهار نکردند که این کودک شهروند نئوروآن نیست. زنی که تابعیتی از Nauruan نیست، و با یک شهروند Nauruan ازدواج میکند، حق دارد که شهروند Nauruan شود. زن نئوروآن که پس از ازدواج با یک اتباع خارجی تابعیت دوم دریافت میکند، تابعیت Nauruan خود را از دست نمیدهد. تولد در قلمرو نائورو به طور خودکار تابعیت اعطا نمیکند. فقط در مورد افراد متولد شده در قلمرو که در غیر این صورت بیتابعیت میشوند، تابعیت به طور خودکار اعطا میشود. براساس قانون اساسی ۱۹۶۸، شخصی که در ۳۰ ژانویه ۱۹۶۸ در یکی از کلاسهای افرادی که عضو انجمن نوریان را در آیین نامه جامعه نوروآن تشکیل میدهند، درج شده بود، شهروند نائورو است.
مهاجرت از طریق ازدواج نائورو
«بومیان بومی جزیره نائورو به موجب نهادها، آداب و رسوم و کاربردهای بومیان بومی جزیره نائورو» جزایر غیر نئوروایی اقیانوس آرام که با یک نئوروآن ازدواج کردهاند و از این طریق به نظر میرسد که نعورآن میشوند جزایر غیر ایتالیایی اقیانوس آرام که در نائورو ساکن شدهاند مشروط بر اینکه آنها معیارهای خاصی را رعایت کنند، مانند اتخاذ شیوه زندگی نوروآن (به بخشهای ۵. c.) هر کودکی که به واسطه هر یک از تعاریف فوق در دو والد نوروروآ متولد شود، و هر فرزندی که متولد یک نائوروآن است که با یک جزیره اقیانوس آرام ازدواج کرده قانون اساسی مفاد احکام را مجدداً تکرار میکند و وسیلههای اضافی برای اخذ شهروندی فراهم میکند. این شامل: متولد شدن در نائورو وعدم امکان تابعیت هیچ کشور دیگری زنی که با یک شهروند نوروری ازدواج میکند. اعطا تابعیت توسط پارلمان قانون اساسی همچنین تصریح میکند که پارلمان نائورو ممکن است «برای محرومیت یک شخص از تابعیت Nauruan خود مقرر کند»، مگر اینکه آن شخص از طریق مقررات آیین نامه ۱۹۵۶ تابعیت را بدست آورد، و به جز در صورتی که آن شخص از دو والدین نوریان یا از وی متولد شده باشد. یک پدر و مادر Nauruan با یک جزیره اقیانوس آرام ازدواج کرده است. طبق قانون، مجلس نیز مجاز است «از طرف شخص تابعیت نوریان خود را رد کند.»
مهاجرت از طریق همراه نائورو
مهاجرت از طریق Un کشور نائورو وابسته به موقعیت شخص همراه نیز بررسی میشود که یک سری شرایط برای ده سال گذشته را شامل شده است. تأسیس یک مرکز پردازش فراساحلی در نائورو بر اساس بیانیه اصول، در ۱۰ سپتامبر ۲۰۰۱ توسط رئیس جمهور نائورو، رنه هریس، و وزیر دفاع وقت آن زمان استرالیا، پیتر ریت امضا شد. در این بیانیه راه ایجاد یک بازداشتگاه برای ۸۰۰ نفر باز شد و با تعهد ۲۰ میلیون دلار برای فعالیتهای توسعه همراه شد. بازداشت شدگان اولیه قرار بود افرادی باشند که توسط MV Tampa (امر Tampa) نجات یافته اند، با این درک که آنها تا ماه مه سال ۲۰۰۲ نائورو را ترک میکنند. با ۱۰ میلیون دلار دیگر. برنامههای اولیه این بود که پناهجویان در یک خانه مدرن با تهویه مطبوع که برای بازیهای فدراسیون بین المللی وزنه برداری ساخته شده بود، قرار بگیرند. این طرح پس از رد درخواست مالکان زمین برای جبران اضافی تغییر یافت. دو اردوگاه ساخته شد. اردوگاه اول با نام «تاپساید» در یک منطقه ورزشی قدیمی و بیضی شکل در منطقه Meneng (۰.۵۴۰۵۶۴ ° S ۱۶۶.۹۲۹۷۰۳ ° E) بود. اردوگاه دوم، به نام «خانه ایالتی»، در محلههای قدیمی ریاست جمهوری نیز در منطقه مننگ (۰.۵۴۷۵۹۷ ° S ۱۶۶.۹۳۹۶۹۷ ° E) قرار داشت. یک اعتصاب غذا در یک ماه در ۱۰ دسامبر ۲۰۰۳ آغاز شد. این شامل عمدتا هزاره از افغانستان بود که در جریان عملیات تمپا نجات یافته بود، که در اعتراض به رسیدگی به پروندههایشان اعتراض کردند. تا ژوئیه ۲۰۰۵.۳۲ نفر به عنوان پناهجو در نائورو بازداشت شدند: ۱۶ عراقی، ۱۱ افغانی، ۲ ایرانی، ۲ بنگلادشی و ۱ پاکستانی. دو عراقی به جز دو عراقی به استرالیا آزاد شدند، آخرین گروه ۲۵ نفره در ۱ نوامبر ۲۰۰۵. این دو عراقی باقیمانده بیش از یک سال در زندان بودند
مهاجرت شرایط خاص نائورو
همانطور که میدانید شرایط مهاجرت خاص برای افرادی مد نظر است که از نظر شغل و موقعیت با افراد عادی متفاوت هستند. مهاجرت شرایط خاص در هر کشور متفاوت است. از جمله این کشورها، کشور آمریکا هست که دارای ویزای مهاجرتی خاص میباشد که به آن ویزایای بی۱ گفته میشود. این نوع ویزا برای مهاجرت افرادی است که در خود استعداد و تواناییهای خارق العادهای دارند. لذا این استعدادها میتواند در موارد مختلفی مانند علوم تجربی، ورزشی و هنری و آموزش و پرورش یا تجاری باشد. موارد خاصی برای اخذ این ویزا به دست قوانین مهاجرتی بیان گردید است. لیکن افراد که خواستار چنین مهاجرتی هستند باید بتوانند مهارت و آموزشهای خود را در سطح جهانی و بین المللی به اثبات برسانند.
مهاجرت توریستی نائورو
از زبان فردی که تجربه سفر به نائورو دارد بشنویم: روند ویزا از طریق پست الکترونیکی ساده است. برای دریافت لیست نیازهای شما و فرم مهاجرت برای پر کردن شما باید با مهاجرت نائورو تماس بگیرید. ویزاهای AFAIK امروزه فقط به طور مستقیم از مهاجرت نائورو در دسترس هستند. رزرو AirBnB برای اسکان تأیید شده خوب است. کلیه اسناد اسکن شده را میتوان از طریق پست الکترونیکی برای آنها ارسال کرد. بعد از مدتی فاکتور مبلغ ویزای ۵۰ AUD دریافت کردم که باید از قبل پرداخت شود. چند روز پس از پرداخت، نامه تأیید ویزای توریستی را برای من ارسال کردند، که امکان سوار شدن در هر پرواز هواپیمایی ایرا به نائورو را دارد. من صبح زود از پرواز از فیجی رسیدم. در هنگام مهاجرت در فرودگاه نائورو یک ویزا دریافت کردم که در گذرنامه امضا شده است (یک صفحه کامل را میگیرد) و همین بود. دیگر نیازی به گذرنامه خود با آنها و جمعآوری بعدا آن نیست.
در فرودگاهی که توسط بانجیگو بانک اداره میشود، یک دستگاه خودپرداز وجود دارد. نمیدانم از چه کارتهایی استفاده میکند، زیرا من پول نقد را با خود آوردم. من روزانه ۷۰ AUD اتومبیل از میزبان AirBnB خود اجاره کردم. هیچ آژانس اجاره اتومبیل در نائورو وجود ندارد. نه تاکسی و هم اتوبوس عمومی. اتوبوسهایی که در آنجا رانندگی میکنند فقط برای پناهندگان است. پرواز من به فیجی با ۱۸ ساعت به تأخیر افتاد و میزبان من Air-Bnb به من گفت که آخرین مهمان او ۲۴ ساعت تاخیری در پرواز دارد. بنابراین با آن انعطافپذیر باشید. من اقامتم را در آنجا دوست داشتم. البته نائورو بیشتر برای جمعآوری کشورها است. با این حال مردم دوستانه هستند و کمی کاوش در آن کشور کوچک احساس بسیار خوبی میکند. اکنون موزهای نزدیک مجلس وجود دارد. مهاجرت شرایط خاص به کشور نائورو (ورزشکاری، مدال، رتبه، هنر، استارتاپ، کارآفرینی و… استرالیا با بانک توسعه آسیا، صندوق آب و هوای سبز و دولت نائورو برای ساخت یک بندر آب سالم و مقاوم در برابر آب و هوا، برای تسهیل در تحویل به موقع منابع ضروری و تشویق به افزایش تجارت و فعالیتهای اقتصادی همکاری میکند.
استرالیا همچنین با بانک توسعه آسیا همکاری میکند تا از اصلاحات مدیریتی بندر حمایت کند و این باعث ارتقاء ظرفیت عملیاتی و پایداری بلند مدت خواهد شد. ساختمان تئاترهای جدید، بخشها و قابلیتهای خدمات مرتبط تحت فاز ۲ پروژه بازسازی بیمارستان جمهوری نائورو در فوریه ۲۰۱۷ به پایان رسید. این پروژه با همکاری وزارت امور داخله، پس از آتشسوزی که چهار ساختمان بیمارستان را نابود کرد، تأمین شد. در سال ۲۰۱۳. تسهیلات جدید دسترسی بهتر به مراکز بهداشتی و درمانی مناسب و مقرون به صرفه را برای مردم فراهم میکند. ورود به این بخشها میتواند بخشی از سرمایهگذاری مشخص را شامل شود و مشخص است و که سیاستهای دولتی برای این کشور بهبود بهتری خواهد داشت.
پناهندگی در نائورو
مرکز پردازش منطقهای نائورو یک مرکز بازداشت مهاجرت دریایی استرالیایی است که در کشور جزیره اقیانوس آرام جنوبی نائورو واقع شده است. استفاده از امکانات بازداشت مهاجرت بخشی از سیاست بازداشت اجباری در استرالیا است. تأسیسات نائورو در سال ۲۰۰۱ به عنوان بخشی از راه حل اقیانوس آرام دولت هاوارد افتتاح شد. این مرکز در سال ۲۰۰۸ برای تحقق وعده انتخاباتی توسط دولت رویداد به حالت تعلیق درآمده بود، اما پس از افزایش زیاد تعداد ورود دریایی توسط پناهجوی
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mend it. And in the country where they landed he saw a forth, and he went into it, and there he saw the smallest people he ever saw, and they were the Danes that went out of Ireland; and it was foxes they had for dogs, and weasels were their cats.
"Then he went back to get into the ship, but it was gone away, and he left behind. So he went back into the forth, and a young man came to meet him, and he told him what had happened. And the young man said 'Come into the room within where my father is in the bed, for he is out of his health and you might be able to serve him.' So they went in and the father was lying in the bed, and when he heard it was a man from Ireland was in it he said, 'I will give you a great reward if you will go back and bring me a thing I want out of Castle Hacket Hill. For if I had what is there,' he said, 'I would be as young as my son.' So the man consented to go, and they got a sailing ship ready, and it is what the old man told him, to go back to Ireland. 'And buy a little pig in Galway,' he said, 'and bring it to the mouth of the forth of Castle Hacket and roast it there. And inside the forth is an enchanted cat that is keeping guard there, and it will come out; and here is a shot-gun and some cross-money that will kill any faery or any enchanted thing. And within in the forth,' he said, 'you will find a bottle and a rack-comb, and bring them back here to me.'
"So the man did as he was told and he bought the pig and roasted it at the mouth of the forth, and out came the enchanted cat, and it having hair seven inches long. And he fired the cross-money out of the shot-gun, and the cat went away and he saw it no more. And he got the bottle and the rack-comb and brought them back to the old man. And he drank what was in the bottle and racked his hair with the rack, and he got young again, as young as his own son."
It may be some of those faery treasures are still given out; for of the family who have been for a good while owners of the hill, one at least had the gift of genius. And I remember being told in childhood, and I have never known if it were fact or folk-tale, that her mother having as a bride gone to listen to some debate or royal speech in the House of Lords at Westminster, the whole assembly had stood up in homage to her beauty.
I was told by a Miller:
It was the Danes built these forths. They were a fair-haired race, and they married with the Irish that were dark-haired, just like those linen weavers your own great-grandfather brought up from the North, the Hevenors and the Glosters and others, married with the Roman Catholics. There was a king of the Danes called Trevenher that had a daughter that was a great beauty. And she gave a feast, and the young men of the other race dressed like girls and came to it, and sat at it till midnight, and then they threw off the women's clothes and killed all the generals and the king himself. So the Danes were driven out, that's why we have the fires and the wisps on St. John's Eve. And as for Herself there, she wouldn't for all the world let St Martin's Day pass without killing of cocks--one for the woman and another for the man.
As to the three lisses at Ryanrush, there must have been a great deal of fighting there in the old time. There are some bushes growing on them and no one, man or woman, will ever put a hand to cut them, no more than they would touch the little bush by the well beyond, that used to have lights shining out of it.
And if any one was to fall asleep within the liss himself, he would be taken away and the spirit of some old warrior would be put in his place, and it's he would know everything in the whole world. There's no doubt at all but that there's the same sort of things in other countries. Sure these can go through and appear in Australia in one minute. But you hear more about them in these parts, because the Irish do be more familiar in talking of them.
Enchanters and magicians they were in the old times, and could make the birds sing and the stones and the fishes speak.
It's in the forths they mostly live. The last priest that was here told us a lot about them, but he said not to be anyway afraid of them, for they are but poor souls doing their penance.
That's a fine big liss at Ryanrush, and people say they hear things there, and sometimes a great light is seen--no wonder these things should be seen there, for it was a great place for fighting in the old centuries, and a great deal of bones have been turned up in the fields. There was an open passage I remember into the liss, and two girls got a candle one time and went in, but they saw nothing but the ashes of the fires the Danes used to make. The passage is closed up now I believe, with big stones no man could lift.
One time a woman from the North came to our house, and she said a great deal of people is kept below there in the lisses; she had been there herself, and in the night-time in one moment they'd all be away at Cruachmaa, wherever that may be, down in the North I believe. And she knew everything that was in the house, and told us about my sister being sick, and that there was a hurling going on, as there was that day at the Isabella wood in Coole. And all about Coole House she knew as if she spent her life in it. I'd have picked a lot of stories out of her but my mother got nervous when she heard the truth coming out, and bid me be quiet. She had a red petticoat on her, the same as any country woman, and she offered to cure me, for it was that time I was delicate and your ladyship sent me to the salt water, but she asked a shilling and my mother said she hadn't got it. "You have," says she, "and heavier metal than that you have in the house." So then my mother gave her the shilling, and she put it in the fire and melted it, and says she, "After two days you'll see your shilling again." But we never did. And the cure she left, I never took it; it's not safe, and the priests forbid us to take their cures--for it must surely be from the devil their knowledge comes. But no doubt at all she was one of the Ingentry, that can take the form of a woman by day and another form at night. After that she went to Mrs. Quaid's house and asked her for a bit of tobacco. "You'll get it again" she said, "and more with it." And sure enough, that very day a bit of meat came into Mrs. Quaid's house.
There's a forth near Clough that wanders underneath, but a man couldn't get into it without he'd crawl on his hands and knees. Well, Kennedy's filly was brought in there, and lived there for five days without food but what she got from them, and no one knew where she was rill a man passing by heard her neighing and then she was dug out.
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There's a forth near our house, but it's not the good people that are in it, only the old inhabitants of Ireland shut up there below.
There are a few old forths about, some of them you mightn't notice unless you understood such things; but sometimes passing by you'd feel a cold wind blowing from them, would nearly rend you in two.
When I was a young chap myself I used to see a white woman walking about sometimes at midday--that's the worst hour there is--and she'd always go back into a forth, and forth of Cahir near Cloonmore, and disappear into it.
She was known to be a woman that had died nine years before; and she would sometimes come into the sister's house, and bid her keep it clean. But one time the sister's husband went to burn the inside of the forth, and the next morning his barn where he had all the wheat of the harvest and near a ton of hay and two or three packs of wool, was found to be on fire. And his own little girl, about eight years of age, was in the barn, and a labouring man broke through and brought a wet cloth with him and threw it over her and carried her out But she was as black as cinders and dead. Vexed they were at him burning the forth.
An Old Miller:
Did they get help to make those forths? You may know well that they did. There was an engineer here when that road was being made--a sort of an idolater or a foreigner he was--anyway he made it through the forth, and he didn't last long after. Those other engineers, Edgeworth and Hemans beyond at Ardrahan when the railway was made, I'm told they avoided such things.
A Slieve Echtge Man:
There were two brothers taken away sudden, two O'Briens. They were cutting heath one day and filling the cart with it, and a voice told them to leave off cutting the heath, but they went on, and a blow struck the cart on the axle. And soon after that one of the brothers sat down in his chair and died sudden. And the other was one day going to market, I was going to it that day myself, and he wasn't far beyond the white gate when the axle of the cart broke in that same place where it had got the blow, and so he had to go home again, and near the river where they're cutting the larch he turned in to talk to a poor man that was cutting a tree, and the tree fell, and top of it struck him and killed him. And it was last March that happened.
There was one Leary in dough had the land taken that's near Newtown racecourse. And he was out there one day building a wall, and it was time for his dinner, but he had none brought with him. And a man came to him and said "Is it home you'll be going for your dinner?" And he said "It's not worth my while to go back to dough, I'd have the day lost." And the man said, "Well, come in and eat a bit with me." And he brought him into a forth and there was everything that was grand, and the dinner they gave him of the best, so that he ate near two plates of it. And then he went out again to build the wail. And whether it was with lifting the heavy stones I don't know, but (with respects to you) when he was walking the road home he began to vomit, and what he vomited up was all green grass.
A Man on the Connemara Coast:
This is a faery stream we're passing; there were some used to see them by the side of it, and washing themselves in it. And there used to be heard a faery forge here every night, and the hammering of the iron could be heard, and the blast of the furnace.
There is a faery hill beyond there in the mountain, and some have seen fires in it all through the night. And one time the police were out there still-hunting, and the head of them, one Rogers, was in the middle of that place, and there he died, no one could say how, though some of his men were round about him.
That's a nice flat clean place that rock we're passing--that's the sort of place they'd be seen dancing or having their play.
I knew twin sons, Considines, and one was struck with madness in England, and one at home--Pat in England Mike in Connacht--at the one time. Both were sent to Ballinasloe Asylum, and got well in eight months, and that was ten year ago, and one of them is married and rearing a family. The mother used to be doing cures with herbs; it is likely that is the reason but she gave it up after they were struck.
There were three of another family went in to the Asylum, one this year, one next year, and one the year after, and no reason but that their house was close to the side of a forth.
When I was in Clare there was a forth, and two or three men went down it one time, and brought rushes and lights with them. And they came to where there was a woman washing at a river and they heard the crying of young lambs, and it November, for when we have winter, there is summer there. So they got afraid, and two of the men came back, but one of them stopped there and was never heard of after. The best of things they have, and no trouble at all but to be eating; but they have no chance of being saved till the Day of Judgment.
I knew another forth that two men watched, and at night there came out of it two troops of horses, and they began to graze. But when the men came near them they made for the forths, and all they got was a foal. And they kept it, and it was a mare-horse, and it had foals, and the breed was the best that was ever seen m the country.
There did strange things happen in that wood, noises would be heard, and those that went in to steal rods could never get them up on their back to bring them away. But there was one man said whatever happened he'd bring them, and he got them on to his back, and then they were lifted off it over the wood. But they fell again and he got them and carried them away; I suppose they thought well of him having so much courage.
Cruachmaa is the great place for them.
A man who had lost a blood mare met an old man from a forth who said "Put your right foot on my right foot." And he did so, and at once he saw the blood mare and his foal close by.
The Old Man Who Is Making a Well:
There was a man and his wife was brought away at Cruachmaa and he was told to go dig, and he'd get her out. And he began to dig, and when he had a hole made at the side of the hill he saw her coming out, but he couldn't stop the pick that he had lifted for the stroke, and it went through her head.
Whether they are in it or not, there are many tell stories of them. And I often saw the half of Cruachmaa covered--like as if there was a mist on it.
But one side of a wall is luckier than another, all the old people will tell you that there was a big Stone in the yard behind our house and my husband thought to blast it, for it was in the way, and my mother said "I'm in the house longer than you, and take my advice and never touch that stone," and he never did. But there was a man built a house close by and he wanted to close a passage, and one morning he came early and was laying hands on that stone to take it. But I was out when I heard him and drove him away. And the house never throve with him, he lost two or three children, and then he died himself.
At St. Patrick's well at Burren there used to be a great pattern every year. And every year there was something lost and killed at it, a horse or a man or a woman.
So at last the priest put a stop to it. And there was an old woman with me in the barracks at Burren, and she told me she remembered well when she was a young girl and the time came when the pattern used to be, the first year it was stopped her father put her up on a big high wall near the well, and bid her look down. And there she saw the whole place hill of the gentry, and they playing and dancing and having their own games, they were in such joy to have done away with the pattern. I suppose the well belonged to them before it got the name of St. Patrick.
There's a small little house not far down the road where they used to be very fond of going. And a woman in the town asked the old woman that lived in it what did they look like. And she said "For all the world like people coming in to Chapel."
There was a girl coming back here one time from Clough, and instead of coming here she went the Esserkelly road and was led astray and a man met her and says he, "why do you say you're going to Labane and it's to Roxborough you're facing?" and he turned her around. And when she got home she took off the bundle she had on her back, and what jumped out of it but a young hare.
I have a great little story about a woman--a jobber's wife that lived a mile beyond Ardrahan. She had business one time in Ballyvaughan, and when she was on the road beyond Kinvara a man came to her out of a forth and he asked her to go in and to please a child that was crying. So she went in and she pleased the child, and she saw in a corner an old man that never stopped from crying. And when she went out again she asked the man that brought her in, why was the old man roaring and crying. The man pointed to a milch cow in the meadow and he said, "Before the day is over he will be in the place of that cow, and it will be brought into the forth to give milk to the child." And she can tell herself that was true, for in the evening when she was coming back from Ballyvaughan, she saw in that field a cow dead, and being cut in pieces, and all the poor people bringing away bits of it, that was the old man that had been put in its place. There is poison in that meat, but no poison ever comes off the fire, but you must mind to throw away the top of the pot.
The forth where I heard the talking long ago, and left my can, it's only the other day I was telling Pat Stephens of it that has the land. And he told me he put a trough in it to catch the water about a month ago. And the next day one of his best bullocks died.
It's a bad piece of the road that poor boy fell off his cart at and was killed. There's a forth near it, and it's in that forth my five children are that were swept from me. I went and I told Father Carey I knew they were there, and he said "Say your prayers, my poor woman, that's all you can do." When they were young they were small and thin enough, they grew up like a bunch of rushes, but they got strong and stout and good-looking. Too good they were, so that everyone would remark them and would say, "Oh, look at Ellen O'Brien-look at Catherine--look at Martin! So good to work and so handsome, so loyal to their mother." And they were all taken from me, it never was in my family or in the father's, and how would they all gone now but one. Consumption they were said to get, but get it without some provocation? Four of them died with that,
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(vita e lavoro) e "Luci della città" (altruismo senza ricompensa).
Salta agli occhi soprattutto la trasformazione del personaggio del vagabondo. è molto meno baldanzoso e vivace, non usa più trucchi o giochetti. Adesso si comporta in maniera più cerimoniosa, posata e riflessiva; è come se fosse maturato e invecchiato e gli pesasse l'esperienza della vita. Inoltre, dal punto di vista stilistico, nella storia si cominciano a usare oggetti e situazioni con chiaro significato simbolico.
Il prologo ci porta nel dietro le quinte di un circo. Si fa vedere che dietro la facciata di gaia allegria si nasconde il duro lavoro, la fatica e il dolore. Subito risalta la figura del direttore del circo (Allan Garcia): un personaggio cinico, molto duro e severo (forse troppo), crudele e disumano anche con la figliastra che fa la cavallerizza. Tutto quello che gli interessa è l'aspetto commerciale del mestiere. Vuole dai suoi sottoposti la perfezione e il massimo solo allo scopo di riempire il tendone e fare soldi. Per lui esiste solo il rapporto commerciale senza niente di affettivo o sentimentale. Questo è il primo di una serie di personaggi che rappresentano il lato disumano del sistema economico e sociale capitalista, qualcosa che a Chaplin non andava proprio giù.
Finalmente viene introdotto il vagabondo che, come al solito, vaga - questa volta in un luna park - alla ricerca di qualche occasione per fregare qualcosa da mangiare - quello che fa abilmente con l'hot dog di un bambino. Viene poi coinvolto suo malgrado in un furto di portafoglio e tanto per cambiare si ritrova inseguito dai poliziotti. Anche stavolta però non si smentisce e riesce a prendersi gioco di loro: va ad infilarsi nella sala degli specchi, rendendo quasi impossibile non ammirare le tante gag che riesce a tirar fuori con le illusioni ottiche e le figure meccaniche. Alla fine si rifugia nel tendone del circo, dove il suo inseguimento diventa l'oggetto delle risate e del divertimento del pubblico che fino a quel momento si annoiava. In pratica si suggerisce che per far ridere basta essere spontanei e naturali con semplicità, senza stare a cercare cose artefatte o complicate.
Visto il successo e la possibilità di guadagno, il direttore del circo decide di mettere alla prova il vagabondo; la mattina dopo si presenta di buon ora e si accinge a fare la sua povera colazione quando incontra la cavallerizza (Merna Kennedy - una debuttante quasi sosia di Georgia Hale) molto affamata che cerca di rubargliela. Questa piccola guerra fra poveri si risolve quasi subito per la solidarietà del vagabondo, che dopo una prima reazione stizzita, vista la persona dolce che ha davanti, non può fare a meno di regalarle l'intero pasto.
Inizia la prova, introdotta dall'invito del Direttore: "Avanti, facci ridere". è l'occasione per Chaplin di dare un saggio di comico nel comico (si ride di chi fa ridere), qualcosa che anticipa "Luci della ribalta". Si scontrano la concezione del direttore che vede tutto come una ripetizione meccanica e quella del vagabondo che sente il comico come qualcosa di fantasioso, da reinventare ogni volta. Anche gli altri clown sono molto bravi (fra tutti il ciccione interpretato magistralmente da Henry Bergman), eppure dalle labbra del direttore non esce neanche un sorriso.
Il direttore scarta il vagabondo come clown perché secondo lui non fa ridere, ma lo tiene come inserviente. I fatti però lo smentiscono. I casuali interventi guastatori del vagabondo in mezzo ai numeri (fra cui quello del prestigiatore Prof. Bosco) hanno un effetto esilarante e fanno riempire il tendone del circo. Il Direttore si guarda bene dal rivelarglielo, per poter spillare più soldi possibile, così per il vagabondo e la cavallerizza la vita continua ad essere dura e faticosa.
Non si può però mai stare tranquilli! A parte gli animali persecutori, basta una distrazione e ci si trova chiusi nella gabbia dei leoni. Per fortuna che c'è l'aiuto reciproco che può in parte lenire la vita amara e difficile.
Dall'amicizia all'amore il passo è breve. è solo grazie a Merna che il vagabondo riesce a infondere vita in quello che fa. Se l'arte comica è la rappresentazione del proprio essere naturale e spontaneo, come è possibile continuare a far ridere con la tristezza dentro? è proprio quello che succede al vagabondo quando si accorge che Merna si è innamorata del funambolo Rex, un uomo molto più bello e raffinato di lui. Nell'animo del vagabondo si mescolano rabbia, vendetta, delusione e scoramento; non è certo la miscela giusta per far ridere il pubblico. Infatti il direttore, tutto premuroso ai tempi del successo, diventa una belva feroce (altro che il leone della gabbia!) e minaccia di licenziarlo se non riprende a far ridere (come se fosse un lavoro qualsiasi).
Si giunge così alla scena clou del film. Il vagabondo vuole dimostrare a Merna che anche lui vale qualcosa e si allena di nascosto a camminare sulla corda. Arriva l'occasione in cui Rex non si presenta per il numero e il vagabondo ha la possibilità di dimostrare a Merna quanto vale. Lei è preoccupata: "Ti ammazzerai", ma lui risponde con sufficienza: "Sono nato fortunato" e proprio in quel momento gli casca un sacco in testa, tanto per smentire comicamente la sua spavalderia. Di tutt'altro genere è il commento del direttore a un'osservazione simile: "Niente paura, l'ho assicurato"; come dire: mica ci perdo soldi se muore.
Il numero di Chaplin sulla fune ha il sapore dei film comici basati sulla paura, quelli che hanno portato Harold Lloyd al successo. Qui però la scena si colora di significati simbolici, diventa la metafora della vita, così difficile e instabile (si può cadere da un momento all'altro), piena di mille difficoltà e cattiverie (le scimmie) che arrivano sempre nei momenti in cui uno avrebbe più bisogno di aiuto. Ma è proprio in questi momenti che occorre tirare fuori tutta la propria forza d'animo e stringere più forte i denti; solo in questo modo si può uscire anche dalle situazioni peggiori.
Così il vagabondo riesce, in qualche maniera, a portare a termine il suo numero, anche se la cintura di sicurezza si rompe, le scimmie lo tormentano, oltre a rimanere ridicolmente in mutande e a scivolare su una buccia di banana. Un'impresa che rimane privata perché non è capace di concluderla davanti al pubblico, non ottenendo così nemmeno la soddisfazione che tanto cercava.
Questa esperienza trasforma però il vagabondo, dandogli più fiducia in se stesso. Ritorna nel tendone per assistere all'ennesimo maltrattamento del direttore nei confronti di Merna. Stavolta non sta a guardare, ma reagisce e ha il coraggio di picchiare il direttore, finendo per perdere il lavoro.
Capisce anche tante cose sul suo rapporto con Merna. Cosa può pretendere un vagabondo come lui? L'unica felicità che gli può spettare è quella di fare felici gli altri e poi sparire dalla loro strada. Si arriva così allo splendido finale agrodolce. Il vagabondo fa di tutto per far sposare Merna con Rex, perché sa che loro vogliono questo e il sentimento di Merna nei suoi confronti è solo gratitudine (la stessa situazione di Calvero in "Luci della ribalta"). Riesce anche a farli riappacificare con il direttore. Quando però il circo riparte, seppur a malincuore, decide di restare solo. Che stimolo ha a "far ridere" la gente? Un'individualista come lui non può stare alle dipendenze di uno strozzino. Meglio la libertà, anche a costo di privazioni e della solitudine. Sì, anche da soli la vita continua.
Sul vagabondo zampettante (come in "Charlot vagabondo") si chiude il film.
La scena finale è veramente splendida da un punto di vista visivo e simbolico. La lunga fila di carri che si muove alzando la polvere, la bruma della mattina presto, il sole radente, il vagabondo che se ne sta immobile fra i carri che passano e infine un cerchio di erba pestata (tutto quello che resta di tanta intensità di vita) con una cassa nel mezzo. Sembra una scena uscita da un film di Fellini. Un finale che si carica di suggestioni, indimenticabile come i magnifici finali dei film che seguiranno.<|endoftext|>زیست شناسان گیاه کشف کرده اند که چگونه گل آفتاب گردان از ساعت دیواری داخلی خود استفاده می کنند، بر هورمون رشد تاثیر می گذارند تا روزی که رشد می کنند، خورشید را دنبال کنند.
استیسی هارم، استاد زیست شناسی گیاهان در دانشگاه کالیفرنیا، دیویس و نویسنده ارشد مقاله ای در مجله می گوید: "این اولین نمونه از زمان رشد گیاه در محیط طبیعی است و اثرات واقعی برای این گیاه دارد." علم.
هارمر یک زیست شناس مولکولی است که ساعتها را به طور روزانه مطالعه می کند، معمولا در آزمایشگاه Arabidopsis دارد، که به طور مشخص کمتر از آفتابگردان است. قبلا، آزمایشگاه هارمر ارتباط بین ژنهای "clock" و هورمون گیاهی اکسین را کشف کرد که رشد را تنظیم می کند. اما محققان نمونه ای برای کار کردن داشتند و آن را در آفتابگردان یافتند.
در مواجهه با راه اشتباه
گل های آفتابگردان روزه را با سر خود به سمت شرق آغاز می کنند، روز به سرعت در غرب حرکت می کنند و شب را به سمت شرق می گردانند.
هارم می گوید: "این گیاه زمان و جهت سپیده را پیش بینی می کند و به نظر من یک دلیل برای ارتباط بین ساعت و مسیر رشد است." دانشمندان تاكنون به عنوان 1898 اين رفتار آفتابگردان را توصيف كرده اند، اما هيچ كس قبلا تصور نمي كرد كه آن را با ريتم هاي شبانه روزي مرتبط سازد.
Hagop Atamian، یک محقق پس از مدرسه در آزمایشگاه هارمر، با همکاری آزمایشگاه بنجامین بلکمن در دانشگاه ویرجینیا (در حال حاضر در UC Berkeley)، یک سری آزمایشات را با آفتابگردان در این زمینه، در گلدان خارج از منزل و در اتاق های رشد در محیط انجام داد .
آخرین مطالب را از InnerSelf دریافت کنید
آتامیان نشان داده است که می تواند گیاهان را به طوری که آنها نمی توانند حرکت کنند و یا گیاهان گلدان را در اطراف روزانه بچرخانند، به طوری که با راه اشتباه مواجه شده اند، نشان داد که می تواند توانایی خود را برای ردیابی خورشید را مختل کند. پس از خورشید رشد گیاه را افزایش می دهد. محققان بر این باورند که آفتابگردان به طوری که آنها نمی توانند حرکت کنند میزان زیست توده و سطح برگ کمتر از آنچه را که انجام می دهند.
هنگامی که گیاهان به یک اتاق رشد درون خانه با نور اضافی حرکت می کردند، آنها چند روز به عقب و جلو حرکت می کردند. هارم می گوید این رفتار رفتار شما از مکانیسم رانده شده توسط یک ساعت داخلی است.
در نهایت، گیاهان داخل سالن با چرخاندن چراغ های مجاور و روشن کردن در طول روز دوباره شروع به ردیابی "خورشید" کردند. گیاهان می توانند به طور قابل اعتماد مسیر حرکت و بازگشت در شب هنگامی که روز مصنوعی نزدیک به یک چرخه ساعت 24، اما نه زمانی که آن را به ساعت 30 نزدیک بود.
شرق و غرب
پس چگونه گیاهان ساقه خود را در طول روز حرکت می دهند؟ آتامیان نقاط جوهر را روی ساقه قرار داده و آنها را با یک دوربین فیلمبرداری فیلم برداری کرد. در یک ویدیو زمان گذشت، او می تواند فاصله بین نقاط را اندازه گیری کند.
او می گوید وقتی که گیاهان خورشید را دنبال می کردند، سمت شرق ساقه سریع تر از سمت غرب رشد کرد. در شب، سمت غرب سریعتر رشد کرد، به طوری که ساقه به روش دیگری چرخید. این گروه تعدادی از ژن هایی را که در طول روز و یا از طرف دیگر در شبانه روز بیان شده بودند، در سطوح بالاتر در طرف خورشید گیاه بیان کردند.
هارم می گوید که به نظر می رسد دو مکانیسم رشد در کار در ساقه آفتابگردان وجود دارد. برای اولین بار نرخ بومی رشد گیاه را بر اساس نور موجود تعیین می کند. دوم، تحت کنترل ساعت دایره الدین و تحت تاثیر نور قرار می گیرد، ساقه بیشتر از یک طرف رشد می کند و در طول روز به سمت غرب حرکت می کند.
با افزایش گل آفتابگردان و گل باز می شود، رشد کلی تضعیف می شود و گیاهان در طول روز به حرکت ادامه می دهند و به سمت شرق می روند. به نظر می رسد که این به نظر می رسد چون رشد کلی رشد کند، ساعت دیجیتال تضمین می کند که این گیاه به زودی در صبح روز بعد از ظهر یا بعد از ظهر واکنش نشان می دهد، بنابراین به تدریج در طول روز به سمت غرب حرکت می کند.
زنبورها مانند گل های گرم
چرا آفتابگردان بالغ به سمت شرق می آیند؟ محققان گلدان های گل آفتابگردان را در این زمینه رشد دادند و بعضی از آنها را به سمت غرب چرخاند. با اندازه گیری گل ها با یک دوربین مادون قرمز، آنها دریافتند که گل آفتابگردان در شرق صبح روز به روز سریع تر می شود و همچنین پنج برابر حشرات گرده افشانی را جذب می کند. گرمایش گلهائی که به سمت غرب با یک بخاری قابل حمل به ارمغان آورده است، گرده افشان های بیشتری را به گل می آورد.
هارمر می گوید: "زنبورها مانند گل های گرم هستند."
مدیر این برنامه، آن سیلوستر می گوید: "درست مثل مردم، گیاهان به ریتم های روزانه روز و شب عمل می کنند." آفتابگردان، مانند آرایه های پنل خورشیدی، خورشید را از شرق به غرب دنبال کنید. این محققان به اطلاعات در ژنوم آفتابگردان میپردازند تا بدانند که چرا و چگونه آفتابگردان خورشید را دنبال می کنند. "
همکاران دیگری از این مقاله نیکی کریکو در دانشگاه دیویس و ایوان براون و آستین گارنر در دانشگاه ویرجینیا هستند. برنامه پژوهشی ژنوم گیاهی موسسه ملی علوم این کار را پشتیبانی کرد.
منبع: دانشگاه دیویس
کتاب های مرتبط
{amazonWS: searchindex = کتابها؛ keywords = باغبانی؛ maxresults = 3}<|endoftext|>رابطه پتو الیاف سرامیکی با ما این است که در زمین های مختلف ساختمانی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد و به ما این امکان را می دهد تا اثر آن را احساس کنیم.
بسیاری از شرکت ها این ماده را در ساختمان ها اعمال می کنند که می توانند در صورت بروز فاجعه طبیعی از ایمنی انسان و دارایی محافظت کنند.
برای ما برای کاهش خسارت در املاک ، استفاده از این ماده همچنین می تواند باعث شود کارمندان احساس راحتی بیشتری در کار در اینجا داشته باشند ، که این نیز یک ضمانت عالی برای ایمنی زندگی ما است.
ظهور پتوهای الیاف سرامیکی پیشرفت عمده ای در جامعه ما است ، خواه ساخت مواد باشد یا سایر زمینه ها تا حدودی تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته اند.
بنابراین تأثیر آن بر زندگی ما از همه جنبه ها است و تنها با پیشرفت اجتماعی ، سطح زندگی ما بهبود می یابد.
بهبود سطح زندگی باعث می شود افراد بیشتری زندگی شادتری داشته باشند و چنین تأثیراتی به هم می پیوندند.<|endoftext|>迷你版太陽系登場！美國太空總署（NASA）14日正式宣布，在與Google人工智慧（Artificial Intelligence，AI）的合作下，發現了克朴勒90星系（Kepler-90）中的漏網之「星」克朴勒90i（Kepler-90i）。
如此一來，圍繞克朴勒90母恆星的行星就湊齊了8顆，變成目前科學家所發現唯一如同太陽系的星系。
與太陽系十分相像的克朴勒90星系，一樣有8顆行星圍繞母恆星。（取自NASA官網）
克朴勒90i是顆炎熱的岩石行星，圍繞著克朴勒90母恆星運轉，從第一顆行星數過來排行第三，其公轉週期為14.4天。然而，克朴勒90i比地球大了約30%，又因距離其母恆星太近，地表溫度據估算可以達到800華氏度（約426攝氏度），並不適合居住或支持生命存活。
這顆新發現行星所屬的克朴勒90星系，距離地球2545光年，不只母恆星與太陽相像，就連圍繞著母恆星的行星也和太陽系一樣有8顆。
雖然圍繞克
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just thought it was a valuable and important component to genomics and wanted to talk about it.<|endoftext|>Lost in the shuffle of the current global pandemic, the CDC in March released a study causing the organization to increase their estimate of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence to one in 54 children. This changes the CDC’s previous prevalence estimate of 1 in 59 children, which was released in 2018.
Dr. Benjamin Black, director of medical services at the Thompson Center believes this change shows the need for increased autism resources around the country.
“The increase in autism spectrum disorder prevalence to 1 in 54 children is important, and highlights the continued need for resources to be devoted to this area,” Dr. Black said. “However, equally important is the disparities that this study noted geographically and across socioeconomic groups. The Thompson Center strives to be a leader in challenging these disparities through its educational, research, and clinical care programs.”
Dr. Connie Brooks, head of the clinical psychology department at the Thompson Center, believes this change is important as it highlights previously underrepresented groups in the autism evaluation process.
“The increase in the ASD prevalence rate seems to indicate that autism specialists are doing a good job in identifying children with autism, particularly with the new data indicating similar prevalence rates for black and Asian/Pacific Islander children. The results also suggest, however, that we still have to work to do, especially in improving identification of Hispanic children as well as with earlier diagnosis of Black children. I’m proud that the Thompson Center continues to focus on health disparities in our training and clinical work to reduce these differences.”
The Thompson Center has performed more than 700 autism diagnostic evaluations in the last year. While many families remain on the waiting list to receive an evaluation, the Thompson Center continues to search for ways to increase how many families we can serve each year.<|endoftext|>یکی از آهنگسازانی که همچنان در چرخش های من ظاهر می شود، فابریزیو پاترلینی ساکن مانتوا (شمال ایتالیا) است. قطعات پیانوی او از سال 2010 که Fragments Found بود، من را مسحور کرد، که متعاقباً در لیست بهترین های سال Headphone Commute، Music For Watching The Snow Slowly Fall In The Moonlight، جایگاهی کسب کرد. این آلبوم بعداً بسته بندی مجدد شد و همراه با انتشار پاترلینی در سال 2009، Viandanze، به عنوان یک مجموعه دیسک دوبل منتشر شد. در اواخر سپتامبر 2011، پاترلینی تصمیم گرفت فصل پاییز را با نوشتن یک قطعه در هفته جشن بگیرد و سپس آن را به صورت آنلاین با فالوورهای خود به اشتراک بگذارد. این پروژه به مدت 14 هفته ادامه یافت و به پاترلینی این امکان را داد که حالات الهام گرفته از تصاویر و صداهای فصل را بررسی کند. آهنگهای حاصل در داستانهای پاییز جمعآوری شدهاند و نتیجه آن آلبومی فوقالعاده، پر از صداقت، هماهنگی و روح است. پیانوهای ظریف پاترلینی با تارهای کوارتت لوتوس همراهی می شود و موسیقی مملو از مالیخولیا، غم و اندوه ماتم انگیز و درد دل را به تصویر می کشد. پاترلینی میگوید: «ساخت موسیقی مالیخولیایی به من احساس بهتری میدهد». ما را هم بهتر می کند فابریزیو… پس ادامه بده! به شدت برای طرفداران داستین اوهالوران، نیلز فرام، گلدموند، نوار کتابخانه و مکس ریشتر توصیه می شود.
متوجه میشوم که به سمت فضیلت، سادگی و زیبایی که فقط در موسیقی پیانو میتوان یافت. دانلود نت پیانوی یکی از بهترین آثار این آهنگساز در ادامه این پست برای شما دوستان هنرمند
پسورد فایل : گزارش خرابی لینک<|endoftext|>توضیحات
کتاب فرهنگ روانشناسی و روانپزشکی به تالیف فرهاد منصف در نشر دانشیار به چاپ رسیده است.
کتاب حاضر شامل 21 هزار واژه روان شناسی، روان پزشکی و بعضی زمینه های وابسته است که از این تعداد 3 هزار واژه یا برای اولین مرتبه معادل یابی شده و یا برای نخستین بار وارد واژه نامه روان شناسی – روان پزشکی می شود. هر چند این سه هزار واژه به جز چند استثناء، هیچ کدام معنای خود ساخته از سوی مولف ندارد و همه آنها با در نظر گرفتن روح معنایی واژگان روان شناسی – روان پزشکی و با توجه به معادل ها و برابر نهاده های رایج، معادل یابی شده است.
در این مجموعه گردآورنده مبادرت به انتخاب و برابرگزینی معادل هایی کرده است که هم معنای روان شناختی دارد و هم در جامعه زبانی کشور متداول تر است و ذهن خواننده و محقق با آن مأنوس تر و آشناتر می باشد.
از آنجایی که بعضی واژه ها تنها یک برابر نهاده ندارد و یا نیاز به توضیح دارد، در برابر آنها جمله “ر.ک. فرهنگ توصیفی” بکار برده است تا خواننده معنی آن را در فرهنگ های توصیفی دنبال کند.
در مورد اصطلاحات مشترک پزشکی و روان شناختی، تنها اصطلاحاتی معادل یابی شده اند که با واژه های روان شناسی مربوط و مشترک می باشند مثل واژه “auditory” و مبحث گوش و چشم.
همچنین در مورد بعضی از واژه هایی که چندین معنا دارند بستگی به کلمه قبل و یا بعد از آن می توان معادل مناسب را انتخاب کرد. مثل “ assimilative illusion “
کتاب فرهنگ روانشناسی و روانپزشکی به تالیف فرهاد منصف در انتشارت دانشیار به چاپ رسیده است.
تامین محتوا: تحربربه فروشگاه اینترنتی کتابانه<|endoftext|>There may be times when you wonder why your energy levels are so low or why you’ve been feeling more fatigued than usual. Often it’s a result of simply not drinking enough water.
Since the human body is about 70 percent water, it only makes sense that water intake is key for maintaining optimal energy on a daily basis. Sufficient hydration is crucial to every physiological action that takes place in your body. Water is involved in the digestion of food, helps lubricate joints, is a carrier of nutrients to cells, affects hormone regulation and is the main component of blood.
Proper water intake is also a key component of weight loss. Fat metabolism simply does not occur at an optimal rate when we are chronically dehydrated.
Even when it comes to exercise performance, the importance of water is often forgotten. Much of our attention is focused on finding the right foods for fueling our workouts. But inadequate hydration can hinder exercise performance as well.
And you can’t rely on thirst as an indicator. If you wait until you are thirsty to rehydrate, you have already lost 1-2 percent of your body weight, which results in a decrease in performance and loss of mental focus and clarity. This is primarily due to a reduction in cardiovascular output, metabolic reactions and an increase in core temperature since water is the body’s coolant during exercise.
Needless to say, maintaining hydration can be a real difference maker when it comes to exercise performance. Outlined below are tips and specific guidelines for proper daily water intake and throughout the workout spectrum (pre-, post- and during).
Current research from the Institute of Medicine found that the average water loss per day was nine cups for women and 13 cups for men, which is the minimum daily recommendation for each sex, respectively. If you’re active, then you need more.
Eating your fruits and vegetables will supplement that daily minimum. Some 19 percent of our fluid intake also comes from food (approximately 4 cups on average). Fruits and vegetables are water-dense foods and are great for getting additional hydration. Plus, they are packed with nutrients, high in fiber and low in calories, which can aid in weight loss as well. Here are some of the most water-packed foods you should add:
▪ Squash (cooked): 94 pecent
▪ Cantaloupe: 90 percent
▪ Oranges: 87 percent
▪ Apples: 86 percent
▪ Pears: 84 percent
By “pre-hydrating,” you will ensure that you begin physical activity adequately hydrated and with normal electrolyte levels. As a general rule, aim for 16 ounces 30 minutes prior to exercise.
Remember, if you wait until you are thirsty, then your performance has already suffered. Aiming for 6-12 ounces every 15-30 minutes will match the rate of fluid loss under most circumstances. Also, most sport beverages that contain a low concentration (6-8 percent) of carbohydrates and electrolytes can be even more beneficial for longer or more intense workouts since they help to maintain sufficient energy and electrolyte levels in addition to just water.
After a workout, fluid intake is necessary to aid in recovery since losses in both carbohydrates and sodium hinder the process of rehydration. As a general rule, 24 ounces right after a workout or, more specifically, 24 ounces per pound of body weight loss.
Beat the Heat
Increases in temperature naturally increase the rate of fluid loss in the body. At a minimum you should increase your intake by 16 ounces a day once the weather gets significantly warmer. In some cases, daily fluid needs could be as much as double as normal. Monitoring your weight changes throughout the day and pre- and post-workout can serve as an effective gauge as well.
Jason Wanlass, the owner of Champion Fitness Training in Meridian, has more than 20 years of experience in the fitness industry. Contact him at [email protected] or championfit.net. He writes a monthly fitness column.<|endoftext|>در شهر سویا اسپانیا از باقیمانده محصول پرتقال برق تولید میشود. از آب این میوه متان گرفته میشود تا در نیروگاههای برق استفاده شود. یک تن پرتقال میتواند برق مصرفی روزانه ۵ خانه را تامین کند. برنامه بعدی در این شهر استفاده از این روش برای تامین انرژی در حمل و نقل شهری است.<|endoftext|>Güncel teklif:
31 Mart 2020 tarihine kadar bir eBay Mastercard® hesabı açın ve hesabın açılmasından sonraki 30 gün içinde eBay'e 150 ABD Doları veya daha fazla harcama yaptığınızda 30 ABD doları tutarında ikramiye kredisi kazanın.
Bu Kredi Kartı Kimler İçin En İyisidir?
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İyi bir pazarlık içinde en iyi ürünleri ve lezzetleri özenle arar. Daha fazla kart görün.
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İstedikleri ve ihtiyaç duydukları şeyleri satın alırken bütçelerine bağlı kalmaya öncelik verir. Daha fazla kart görün.
Hevesli bir eBay müşterisi değilseniz, bu kart muhtemelen sizin için değildir. Karta başvurmak için bir eBay hesabına ihtiyacınız olmasının yanı sıra, ödül puanlarınız yalnızca platformda kullanılabilir ve en yüksek kazanç oranları eBay satın alımları için ayrılmıştır. Belki de kart için en uygun olanı eBay'de bir yan konser veya hobi olarak satın alan ve satan biri olacaktır.
Benzin istasyonları gibi kategorilerde daha fazla esneklik ve daha iyi kazanç potansiyeli arıyorsanız, restoranlar ve marketler, diğer geri ödeme ve ödül kartları ile daha iyi yapabilirsiniz.
EBay satın alımlarında iyi ödüller
Sınırlı ödeme seçenekleri
Düşük puan değeri
Artıları Açıklandı
- EBay satın alımlarında iyi ödüller: EBay'de çok fazla alışveriş yaparsanız, özellikle yıl için 1.000 dolara ulaştığınızda ve kazanç oranı 1 $ başına 1 ila 5 puan başına 3 puandan artarsa, puanlar gerçekten toplanabilir.
Eksileri Açıklaması
- Sınırlı ödeme seçenekleri: Puanlarınızı yalnızca gelecekteki eBay satın alımlarında kullanabilirsiniz. Diğer bazı kartlardan farklı olarak, nakit para ya da hediye kartlarını kullanamazsınız.
- Düşük puan değeri: Diğer birçok ödül kartıyla aldığınız puan başına yüzde 1'in altında olan The Balance’ın değerlemesine göre, kazandığınız her puan sadece 0,67 sent değerindedir.
Kayıt bonusu
EBay Mastercard'daki kayıt bonusu sadece sınırlı bir süre içindir. 31 Mart 2020'ye kadar hesabı açmanız ve 30 $ bonus e-kredi için 30 gün içinde eBay'e 150 $ harcamanız gerekiyor. Diğer pek çok ödül kartı bir kayıt bonusu kazanmak için (daha yüksek olsalar da olsa) daha uzun bir süre daha yüksek bir harcama gerektirdiğinden, kötü bir anlaşma değil, ancak hızlı bir şekilde harekete geçmelisiniz.
Puan ve Ödül Kazanma
Bir takvim yılında eBay'e harcanan ilk 1000 ABD Doları için harcanan her 1 ABD Doları için 3 puan kazanın. Bundan sonra, kazancınız yılın geri kalanında dolar başına 5 puana yükselir. Ayrıca benzin istasyonları, restoranlar ve marketlerde 1 $ başına 2 puan ve diğer tüm alışverişlerde 1 puan alırsınız.
EBay'deki uluslararası alımlar ve ABD doları cinsinden yapılmayan alımlar, harcanan 1 ABD doları başına 1 puan kazanacak ve 1.000 ABD Doları eşiğine dahil edilmeyecektir.
Ödüllerden Yararlanma
Puanlarınızı eBay'de satın alımlar ile ilgili vergiler ve nakliye ücretleri için kullanabilirsiniz. 1.500 kazanana kadar puanları kullanamazsınız. Bundan sonra, ödeme sırasında 1 cent kadar bile olsa puanlarınızı herhangi bir miktarda uygulayabilirsiniz.
EBay ödül oranları güçlü görünse de, her 1.500 puanın eBay satın alımlarında 10 $ indirim anlamına geldiğini unutmayın. Bu, her noktanın sadece 0,67 sent değerinde olduğu anlamına gelir.
Yıl için eBay satın alımlarında 2.000 ABD doları harcadığınızı varsayalım ki bu size 8.000 puan kazandırır. Gaz, yemek ve marketlere (diğer bonus kategorileri) 2.000 $ daha harcarsanız, bu da 4.000 puan demektir. Hep birlikte, harcadığınız 4.000 $, 80 $ veya% 2 geri değerinde 12.000 puan kazanacaktır.
Bir eBay hayranı değilseniz, bakkal, gaz veya yemek konusunda daha yüksek ödüller sunan ve ayrıca puan başına 1 sent veya daha yüksek bir itfa değerine sahip olabilecek diğer kartları düşünün. Genellikle bir markayla bağlantısı olmayan kartların genellikle daha esnek ödeme seçenekleri de vardır.
Eğer kullanmadıysanız ödül puanlarının süresi 24 ay içinde dolar. Puanlarınızın süresi, kartı kullanmamanızdan 12 ay sonra veya eBay kullanıcı hesabınız kapalıysa da sona erer.
Karttan En İyi Nasıl Yararlanılır
Büyük eBay harcamaları için, bu kartı platformdaki tüm işlemler için kullanmak, gelecekteki alışverişlerinizde tasarruf etmenize yardımcı olabilecek puanlar kazanmanın en iyi yoludur. Yıllık 1000 dolarlık harcama eşiğini ne kadar erken karşılarsanız, 1 dolar başına 5 puan kazanmaya o kadar çabuk başlarsınız.
Ancak bu eşiğe ulaştığınızda, aydan aya bir denge taşımaktan kaçının. The Balance’ın devam eden verilerine göre, bu kartla sunulan faiz oranları, tüm kredi kartları için ortalamadan ortalamaya göre yüzde 8'in üzerinde. kredi kartı faiz oranlarının analizi.
Bir eBay düzenli değilseniz, genel bir geri ödeme veya ödül kartı kullanarak eBay dışı harcamalarda neredeyse kesinlikle daha iyi ödüller alabilirsiniz.
eBay Mastercard’ın Diğer Özellikleri
- Havaalanı hizmetleri için konsiyerj
Müşteri deneyimi
Maalesef, bu kartı veren kuruluş olan Synchrony Bank, müşteri hizmetleri için yüksek not almıyor. Aslında, J.'nin 2019 baskısında. D. Power’in Kredi Kartı Memnuniyeti Çalışması Synchrony, 2018'deki çalışma ile aynı noktada 11 büyük bankanın 10'unda yer aldı. Yine de, olağan büyük banka tekliflerinden en azından bazılarını (telefonla, çevrimiçi hesap erişimiyle ve belirli gündüz ve akşam saatlerinde müşteri hizmetleri sohbetiyle 7/24 müşteri hizmetleri) bekleyebilirsiniz.
Güvenlik özellikleri
EBay Mastercard kredi kartının hileli satın alımlar için sıfır sorumluluk gibi standart güvenlik özellikleri vardır. Ancak bu bir Mastercard olduğu için kart sahipleri Mastercard ID Theft Protection'ı ücretsiz olarak alırlar; Kimlik kurbanı iseniz kimlik hırsızlığı uyarıları, kredi kartı değişimi ve Kimlik Hırsızlığı Beyanı yardımı Çalınması.
eBay Mastercard’ın Ücretleri
EBay Mastercard kredi kartı,% 3 yabancı işlem ücreti dahil olmak üzere benzer kartlar arasında bulabileceğiniz tipik ücretlere sahiptir.<|endoftext|>مدرسه، اغلب نخستین مکانی است که مجبوریم با دیگران زندگی کنیم. مدرسه، جدا و متفاوت از جامعه نیست.وقتی در جامعه خشونت هست، در مدرسه هم هست، ولی مدرسه محلی است که برای زندگی آینده آماده می شویم و آموزش «انسان اجتماعی شدن» را از طریق احترام به دیگران و پذیرفتن آنان می آموزیم. اگر مدرسه نتواند چنین آموزش هایی بدهد در برابر نسل آینده وظیفه خود را انجام نداده است.
این تجربیات معلمان مشتمل بر ۵۳ صفحه است، برای دیدن فهرست مطالب مقاله و جزئیات آن به اطلاعات اضافی زیر مراجعه فرمایید.
فهرست مطالب
عنوان صفحه
مقدمه ۳
پرخاشگری ۴
تغییرات رشدی ۵
ثبات پرخاشگری ۵
ادراک مقاصد دیگران و رفتار پرخاشگرانه ۶
تفاوت های جنسیتی ۷
نحوه کنترل عصبانیت در کودکان ۹
با کودکان پرخاشگر چگونه رفتار کنیم ۱۰
انواع پرخاشگری ۱۱
راههای مقابله با پرخاشگری ۱۲
عللخشونتو پرخاشگریدر کودکان ۱۶
درمانپرخاشگری در کودکان ( با کودکان پرخاشگر چگونه رفتار کنیم) ۱۹
روش هایی برای درمان پرخاشگری کودکان ۲۰
۲۲
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49 | 5 | 3 |
ygusal tepkiler gibi karmaşık süreçlerin de kontrolünü sağlar.
Sinir Sistemi Hastalıkları Nelerdir?
Birçok kişi sinir sistemi hastalıkları nelerdir? konusunu arama motorları üzerinden öğrenmeye çalışıyor. Sinir sistemi hastalıkları; vücutta elektriksel iletişimde bozulma meydana geldiğinde ortaya çıkar. Sinir sistemi, vücuttaki hücreler arasındaki elektriksel iletişimi sağlayarak çeşitli işlevleri düzenler. Ancak, çeşitli nedenlerle sinir sistemi bozulabilir ve bu da sinir sistemi hastalıklarına yol açabilir. Bu makalede, sinir sistemi hastalıklarının çeşitli türlerini, belirtilerini ve tedavi seçeneklerini inceleyeceğiz.
Sinir Sistemi Hastalıkları Türleri:
- Nörodejeneratif Hastalıklar: Bu hastalıklar, sinir hücrelerinin zamanla hasar görmesi ve kaybıyla karakterizedir. Alzheimer hastalığı, Parkinson hastalığı ve Huntington hastalığı gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıklar bu kategoriye girer.
- Nöropatiler: Nöropati, periferik sinirlerde hasar veya disfonksiyondan kaynaklanan bir grup hastalığı ifade eder. Diyabetik nöropati, alkolik nöropati ve Guillain-Barré sendromu gibi nöropatiler bu kategoriye örnek olarak verilebilir.
- Sinir Kökü ve Omurilik Hastalıkları: Bu hastalıklar, omurilik veya sinir köklerinde hasar veya sıkışma sonucu oluşur. Omurilik yaralanmaları, sinir kökü sıkışması ve omurilik iltihabı gibi durumlar bu gruba örnek olarak verilebilir.
- Otoimmün Sinir Hastalıkları: Otoimmün hastalıklar, vücudun kendi sinir hücrelerine saldırması sonucu oluşur. Multipl skleroz (MS) gibi hastalıklar bu kategoriye girer.
Belirtiler ve Tedavi Seçenekleri:
Sinir sistemi hastalıklarının belirtileri, hastalığın türüne ve etkilediği alanlara bağlı olarak değişir. Ancak, yaygın belirtiler arasında hissizlik, karıncalanma, kas zayıflığı, koordinasyon problemleri ve hafıza kaybı bulunur. Tedavi seçenekleri, hastalığın türüne, şiddetine ve ilerlemesine bağlı olarak değişir. İlaçlar, cerrahi müdahaleler, fizik tedavi, rehabilitasyon ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri gibi yöntemler kullanılabilir.
Sonuç olarak; Sinir sistemi hastalıkları, vücuttaki elektriksel iletişimi etkileyerek çeşitli işlevlerde bozulmalara neden olur. Bu hastalıkların türleri ve belirtileri oldukça çeşitlidir ve tedavi seçenekleri hastalığın türüne bağlı olarak değişir. Erken teşhis ve uygun tedavi ile sinir sistemi hastalıklarının etkileri en aza indirilebilir ve yaşam kalitesi artırılabilir.<|endoftext|>Protein is needed by our bodies for growth. Our nails, hair, skin, muscles, and internal organs are all composed of protein. It is needed for the formation of antibodies for our immune system, hemoglobin for red blood cells, hormones for our internal communications, and enzymes for catalyzing chemical reactions in the body. We need protein, but can we get enough on a plant-based diet? Of course!
What is Protein exactly?
Proteins are complex molecules made of combinations of amino acids. You can think of amino acids as the building blocks of proteins, of which there are 22. These combine in different ways and lengths to give us different proteins.
Each amino acid can be considered essential or non-essential. These terms tell us whether our bodies can produce them (non-essential) or whether they are needed in the diet (essential). Some people use a third term, conditionally-essential, based on the idea that just because the body can make an amino acid doesn’t mean that it necessarily is. There are multiple steps to make a protein chain, and if one of the steps cannot occur for some reason, that amino acid will not be made and it moves from non-essential to essential.
There have been ideas in the past about complementing proteins. Many vegetable proteins contain okay amounts of most essential amino acids but may be low in one or two. So in the past, people have been told to combine foods that have proper levels of all essential amino acids in the same meal (for example, eating grains with beans or grains with green leafy vegetables.) Recent studies have shown that our bodies actually have an amino acid pool. Sounds fun! This means that the amino acids we house in our body will wait around for a day or two for the right complementary amino acids for protein synthesis. The takeaway here is that we need to eat a varied diet of many different grains, vegetables, nuts, seeds, etc to get the most out of it, but not necessarily complement at every meal.
We need protein for growth and maintenance of our body tissues. Our cells do not last forever, and when they need replacing, protein is needed. Examples of this include our red blood cells that last about a month and cells that line the intestine that need to be replaced almost twice weekly. Hair and nails are always growing and also need to have their cells replaced. When a woman is pregnant, her need for good quality protein increases for the growth of the fetus. Children also need a good amount of protein to aid in their growth. When we are healing from an illness, surgery, or an injury, we need to have an increased intake of this macronutrient.
It is also needed to build certain components necessary for the functioning of our bodies. Enzymes are needed for starting chemical reactions in our bodies, and almost all metabolic processes need enzymes to occur fast enough to maintain life; hemoglobin is needed to carry oxygen around in our blood; hormones like the ones that control our blood sugar levels and metabolic rate; and antibodies that are the response to something foreign in our body, all need protein to even exist.
Sources of Plant-Based Protein
Every plant does contain protein, surprise! This means that even when you eat a salad with no beans or tofu, you are still getting protein. It might not be enough for your daily intake, but you are still getting some.
You may already know the usual suspects for protein like tofu, beans, lentils, tempeh, and seitan. These are all good sources, but they have all been said before. One note I must make about tofu is to make sure when you do buy it that it is organic. This is important because soy is one of the crops that is most likely going to be GMO, and in Canada, if a package says it is organic, it also means that it is non-GMO. Soy intake can be kept moderate because of the possible estrogenic effect it has in the body (this point is more related to the processed forms of soy.) There are so many other choices, so there is no need to stick to tofu exclusively.
Some high protein sources you may be surprised to hear are spirulina, sprouts, hemp seeds, and chia seeds. Spirulina contains 18 of the 22 amino acids and all of the essentials, as well as 6g of protein per 10g serving. The bioavailability of protein and other nutrients in grains, beans, nuts, and seeds increases readily when sprouted. This makes it easy on your body to absorb all the goodness it needs. Sprouting and even soaking these foods will make them easier to digest. Hemp seeds provide about 11g of protein per 3 tbsp as well as omega-3 fatty acids, and chia seeds contain about 4g of protein per 3 tbsp as well as the omega-3 fatty acids.
How Much is Enough?
There are guidelines that suggest anywhere from 40 – 70 grams of protein per day. The number will depend on what your body is up to. If you are in any of the situations listed above like pregnant, injured, or in some way healing, you will be on the higher end. The average amount they suggest for intake is 46g per day for women and 56g for men. This is just a suggestion, and you may find that you do better with less or more. The theme for all of the daily intakes of macronutrients is to see what feels best in your body and what is best for your lifestyle. There is no wrong or right answer that can be applied to all of us because it all depends on our unique bodies.
Plant-based protein is no mystery and you can easily get enough daily without resorting to crazy measures. Test your body to see what feels best by trying varying levels and sources of protein. Plants provide us with so much, when you increase your intake of this protein, you will be well on your way to a healthier, stronger, more vibrant body.
Are there any unique proteins you are loving right now? Post them in the comments below. There was a long time I wasn’t eating tempeh because I didn’t enjoy the taste, but then I found out it was fermented soy, and I was converted. That is my favourite right now. If you have any questions about any of this information, please ask. I love hearing from you!<|endoftext|>Le estati straordinariamente calde nell’alto Artico canadese tra il 2003 e il 2016 hanno causato lo scioglimento del permafrost fino al 240% più veloce. E’ il risultato di uno studio pubblicato sulla rivista Geophysical Research Letters.
Un gruppo di ricercatori ha esaminato per oltre 12 anni le condizioni del permafrost in tre aree, che si ritiene siano state congelate per migliaia di anni. “Questo cambiamento non ha precedenti in questo tipo di scala temporale”, ha detto Louise Farquharson, ricercatrice presso l’Università dell’Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) e autrice principale dello studio, su Weather punto com.
Farquharson osservò che gli scienziati avevano predetto che il permafrost non si sarebbe sciolto per 70 anni. Quelle previsioni, però, non tenevano conto delle estati insolitamente calde che si sono verificate negli ultimi tempi. Ad ogni modo, se le temperature più elevate continuano, non è possibile impostare un tempo di fusione finale.
Quando il permafrost scompare, crea il cosiddetto termokarst, una superficie del terreno piena di laghi, buche e tumuli. In un’area che i ricercatori hanno esaminato, il terreno è affondato di circa un metro. “Sono stata molto sorpresa di vedere il ritmo con cui il paesaggio è cambiato”, ha detto la ricercatrice.
“Abbiamo iniziato a monitorare questi siti nei primi anni 2000 e questo paesaggio era piuttosto piatto.È stato relativamente facile camminare attraverso l’area”. Inoltre, la ricerca evidenzia come la scomparsa del permafrost potrebbe causare danni all’intero habitat, dagli animali all’agricoltura, fino alle infrastrutture nelle aree popolate.<|endoftext|>In The Language of Paradox Cleanth Brooks takes on the language of poetry, stating that at its core poetry is the language of paradox. Brooks bases his position on the contradictions that are inherent in poetry and his feelings that if those contradictions didn't exist then neither would some of the best poetry we have today Using works from Wordsworth to Shakespeare Brooks shows how the only way some ideas can be expressed is through paradox. His best example of this idea is from Coleridge’s description of imagination: “Reveals itself in the balance or reconcilement of opposite discordant qualities: of sameness, with difference; of the general, with the concrete;”
Wordsworth himself, Brooks points out, let the intention of paradox be read in his poetry, when he admitted that his purpose was “to choose incidents and situations from common life”, but to handle them in such a way that “ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an unusual aspect”. Wordsworth, who is entirely simple and pure as a poet, is also a paradoxical poet in his typical poems such as “It is a Beauteous Evening” where evening is compared to a nun:
“It is a beauteous evening calm and free
The holy time is quiet as a nun
Breathless with adoration.”
Brooks says, if paradox was the basis of romanticism, it was amply used by the neo—classicists in their poetry. The romantics used it to arouse wonder and to awaken the mind to the new beauties which were ignored as commonplace and trivial but the new classical poets used it in ironical way. We find such irony throughout in Pope’s Essay on Man:
“Created half to rise, and half to fall
Great lord of things, yet a pray to all
Sole judge of truth, in endless error hurdled,
The glory, the jest and riddle of the world.”
However paradoxes, which arouse both wonder and irony are more clearly mixed in the poetry of Blake, Coleridge and Gray. Paradox is a fusion or the union if the opposites and the discordant. This fusion is brought about by the imagination of the poet. This imagination is creative and it creates ever new combinations of discordant and the unconceivable. Donne had this quality in abundance. Here are some examples quoted and illustrated by Brooks in essay:
“Or the King’s real, or his stamped face.”
“What merchant ships have my sigh drowned?”
“We can die by it, if not live by love.”
Every poem has to be in The Language of Paradox, using the word in the sense that Cleanth Brooks uses it. It is all right for a critic to draw attention to this, but there is no need to take p so many pages doing it. The Language of Paradox lays out Brooks' argument for the centrality of paradox by demonstrating that paradox is: “the language appropriate and inevitable to poetry." The argument is based on the contention that referential language is too vague for the specific message a poet expresses; he must “make up his language as he goes."
R.S. Crane, in his essay "The Critical Monism of Cleanth Brooks," argues strongly against Brooks’ centrality of paradox. For one, Brooks believes that the very structure of poetry is paradox, and ignores the other subtleties of imagination and power that poets bring to their poems. Brooks simply believed: “’Imagination’ reveals itself in the balance or reconciliation of opposite or discordant qualities.”
Brooks, in leaning on the crutch of paradox, only discusses the truth which poetry can reveal, and speaks nothing about the pleasure it can give. (231) Also, by defining poetry as uniquely having a structure of paradox, Brooks ignores the power of paradox in everyday conversation and discourse, including scientific discourse, which Brooks claimed was opposed to poetry. Crane claims that, using Brooks’ definition of poetry, the most powerful paradoxical poem in modern history is Einstein’s formula E = mc2, which is a profound paradox in that matter and energy are the same thing. The argument for the centrality of paradox (and irony) becomes a reduction as absurdum and is therefore void (or at least ineffective) for literary analysis.
In The Language of Paradox Brooks proposed a New Critical concept of “paradox” as the distinguishing feature of literary language, though this concept is not much different from the concept of “tension” by Allen Tate, or even the idea of “defamiliarization” of the Russian Formalists.<|endoftext|>Flattened or depressed at the poles; as, the earth is an oblate spheroid.
- Having the shape of a spheroid generated by rotating an ellipse about its shorter axis.
- Having an equatorial diameter greater than the distance between poles; compressed along or flattened at the poles: Planet Earth is an oblate solid.
- A layperson dedicated to religious life.
- Roman Catholic Church A member of one of various religious communities for men or women.<|endoftext|>IT之家5月4日消息 外媒Windows Latest报道，一些安装了Windows 10最新更新（包括KB4549951）的用户报告称，他们的用户配置文件以及所有数据，自定义选项和文档在登录时均未加载。安装更新后，Windows 10会启动并显示临时用户配置文件错误Bug，它可能会移动你的数据，甚至删除它们。
IT之家此前提及过该错误，似乎该问题仍然存在，并且可能会影响到更多用户。目前尚不清楚Windows 10为何或如何以全新的用户配置文件加载。
许多用户还报告说，安装了4月14日发布的Windows 10 KB4549951补丁后，包括文档或图片在内的数据都消失了。
安装该更新后，Windows重命名普通用户配置文件的文件夹，然后在PC启动时创建并加载临时用户配置文件。
但好消息是，该错误不会永久删除大多数用户的配置文件或数据。
原始配置文件仍应位于C: > Users中，但你的数据将存储在以“.ooo”或“.bak”扩展名的文件中。
幸运的是，有很多方法可以将其恢复。如果重新启动Windows系统6到8次，则用户配置文件和数据应该会恢复。但不一定对每个人都有效。
从Windows 10版本1903更新到Windows 10版本1909后，一些用户还报告了该问题。
根据多个Microsoft支持人员的介绍，你还可以通过设置新帐户，然后将数据从临时帐户手动转移到该帐户来解决该问题。
更加一致的选项是在安装更新之前仅备份存储在系统硬盘中的文件。你需要始终维护与操作系统位于同一分区上的数据备份。<|endoftext|>مجری برنامه ۹۰ گفت: «من خودم مسی را بیشتر دوست دارم، اما انصافا پارسال رونالدو کمی بهتر بود.»
به گزارش سرویس ورزشی جام نیوز، در بیشتر نظرسنجیهایی که طی یکی، دو ماه اخیر در سراسر جهان انجام شده، کریستیانو رونالدو به عنوان شایستهترین ستاره برای کسب عنوان مرد سال ۲۰۱۳ دنیا برگزیده شده است.
در آخرین قسمت برنامه ۹۰ این اتفاق در ایران هم رخ داد و بازیکن پرتغالی توانست با ۵۴ درصد آرا بالاتر از مسی ۳۷ درصدی و ریبری ۹ درصدی در صدر جدول بهترین بازیکنان سال گذشته میلادی بایستد.
جالب اینکه عادل گفت: «من خودم مسی را بیشتر دوست دارم، اما انصافا پارسال رونالدو کمی بهتر بود.»
به نظر میرسد مصدومیتهای پیاپی مسی باعث شده است تا او در نظرسنجی امسال بر خلاف نمونه مشابه سال گذشته اکثریت آرا را به دست نیاورد.
مراسم اهدای توپ طلای سال ۲۰۱۳ دوشنبه هفته بعد در زوریخ برگزار خواهد شد و رونالدو شانس مسلم بردن این جایزه است. او در چهار سال گذشته پشت خط لئو مانده بود، اما آسیبدیدگیهای ستاره آرژانتینی باعث شد رونالدو بعد از مدت ها بتواند توپ طلا را از آن خودش کند.<|endoftext|>خبرنگاران پایگاه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی وزارت علوم افتتاح شد
به گزارش وبلاگ فانتوپ، تهران- خبرنگاران- پایگاه تخصصی آموزش های
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弱者和病人，是为大自然的事业服务的，反正她不喜欢捕杀陌生人。她需要时间思考，去弄清楚他们的新生活会是什么样子。自从汤米和他的朋友们取走了老吸血鬼后，事情发生得太快了。
“他知道你做了什么。他不会跟我谈这件事，但我相信他为你担心。他想知道你怎么了。”“Ehren的色彩有了很大的改善，他的胸部正常上升和下降，现在。多萝提亚用颤抖的动作把手指举到领子上，然后又把它们放低了。“我……”她闭上眼睛。在信封里，他们还发现了一些来自不同国家的不同语言的报纸剪报。在信封里，他们还发现了许多来自不同国家的报纸剪报，所有这些都是关于可怕的谋杀。霍姆伍德突然发现了一些报纸上的剪报。
有两个大的设备。一个是罗伯特和其他罗伯塔的标签。”但这些不是雪橇,”珍妮说。”至少,不喜欢任何我见过。”他已经搬到了另一个系统。他找到了Gmail的URL，当他在"IranMetalWorks"账户的用户名和密码中键入时，他已经创建了许多星期。他的心是种族主义。恐惧是你的朋友，他提醒了他。生活在里面。像墙一样爬上去。
”赛勒斯在凝望对方。”那个甜美的女孩怎么能保护别人?”””她是一个蛇的女人,”珍妮解释道。”她会变成蛇,以同样的方式你变成一条鱼的尾巴。””他点了点头,看到了可能性。”他们对我们漂流。但我看到他们摇摇欲坠。”还是吗?会发生什么,如果球员们消失了?同伴会好的,也许,但others-Cyrus,《神探夏洛克》,和泡沫——可能会被困在雪地里,的差距,致命的龙来了。游戏不再是有趣。但是她能做些什么呢?跳过了挑战?她被困。他们拖大雪橇的结束两个轨迹。夏洛克·塞勒斯展示了如何引导。”
“这意味着在这里比在你的艾拉拉更多，上尉。保持你的。请记住，我有一个，也是。”“Tavi研究了这个年轻人一会儿。意识到他站直了，脚张开，准备好了，举起他的剑，但是他的体重又回来了。我们的罗尔斯来到了一个新月，仿佛是向他们主人的牧师致敬。纽盖特监狱1714年10月28日因为他被判死刑，监狱看守人把杰克的房门锁上了，并在外面张贴武装人员以确保其保持原状。他们从来没有让他走上好的老狗。杰克与狗狗欢乐的伙伴们交流的唯一方法就是每天晚上听到它的铃声，宵禁时那时，他举起一杯波尔图酒是他的习惯。
但绝对是下雪;金下降一个手指,尝了尝。黑色的冰冷的雪花。他们除了觅食较重的衣服。她看看那边挖。”各就各位,”他称。”得到设置。
他的头很疼所以他觉得拍摄自己,婴儿是哭哭啼啼的开销,然而,她会问的问题。”我猜她还病了,”他说。”她没说太多。”””她想要孩子了吗?”””她没说,”7月说。”她问任何问题吗?”””不,”7月承认。”””你还记得他们上次,嗯?它不重要,伯尔尼。我要走了。””与马拉松,沃利可能不是那么容易得到的。
””我问她,”7月说。”我将在一到两天回去。也许她会感觉更好。””但他发现他无法忍受不等他再见到她,即使她不会看着他。但是你期望之类的文学沙龙。不管怎么说,他的名字叫Stoppelgard。”””BordenStoppelgard。”””所以他跟马蒂Gilmartin和棒球卡吗?”””Gilmartin结婚了。”””好吧,我发誓这不是他的妻子我昨晚在床上。”””他妻子的名字叫埃德娜。”<|endoftext|>گاو در جاده هنگام غروب آفتاب در برزیل: چند درخت باید قطع شود تا جای گله فراهم شود؟ تصویر: توسط دانیل جولی ، از طریق Wikimedia Commons
جنگل های گرمسیری آب و هوای جهانی را حفظ کرده و ثروت های طبیعی را پرورش می دهند. خواسته های جهان ثروتمند آنها را نابود می کند.
اکوسیستم های بزرگ جهان - تعدیل کننده آب و هوا ، مهد کودک برای تکامل - هنوز هم در خدمت تجارت جهانی نابود می شوند تا خواسته های جهان ثروتمند را برآورده کنند. یک بار دیگر ، محققان تأیید کرده اند که ملت های ثروتمند در حقیقت خاک ساوانا را شخم می زنند و جنگل های گرمسیری را از فاصله دور می برند.
در 15 سال اول این قرن ، تقاضای روزافزون پاشنه خوب برای شکلات ، لاستیک ، پنبه ، سویا ، گوشت گاو و الوارهای عجیب و غریب به معنای این است که کشورهای فقیر در واقع سطح جنگل زدایی خود را افزایش داده اند.
در واقع ، هر انسانی در کشورهای G7 - کانادا ، فرانسه ، آلمان ، ایتالیا ، ژاپن ، انگلیس و ایالات متحده - مسئول از بین رفتن حداقل چهار درخت در سال است ، که عمدتا در کشورهای در حال توسعه است.
و در یک مطالعه جداگانه در یک ژورنال دیگر ، تیم دیگری از دانشمندان داده های ماهواره ای را بررسی کرده اند تا تأیید کنند که بین سال های 1985 و 2018 ، انسان 268 میلیون هکتار از اکوسیستم طبیعی در قاره آمریکای جنوبی را پاکسازی یا تغییر داده است. این مساحت 2.68 میلیون کیلومتر مربع است: مساحتی تقریباً به اندازه آرژانتین.
دو دانشمند در ژاپن گزارش در محیط زیست طبیعت و تکامل که آنها سطح جنگل زدایی و تجارت با بزرگترین اقتصادهای جهان را مطابقت داده اند تا یک رابطه مشخص پیدا کنند. آنها حتی می توانند تقاضا در یک کشور ثروتمند و تأثیر آن بر جنگل های یک کشور فقیر را تشخیص دهند.
"کشورهای ثروتمند از طریق تقاضای کالاها ، جنگل زدایی را تشویق می کنند"
آنها می نویسند: "در حالی که مصرف کاکائو در آلمان بیشترین خطر را برای جنگل های ساحل عاج و غنا به همراه دارد ، جنگل زدایی در تانزانیا در ساحل توسط برخی از کالاهای کشاورزی مانند پنبه و دانه کنجد تحت سلطه مصرف کنندگان ژاپنی است."
"چین مهمترین مسئولیت جنگل زدایی در هندوچین را دارد - به ویژه در شمال لائوس برای استفاده از الوار و لاستیک."
از قضا ، بسیاری از کشورهای ثروتمند مناطق جنگلی را در خاک خود گسترش داده اند. بیش از 90٪ از جنگل زدایی ناشی از پنج کشور G7 خارج از مرزهای خودشان بود. در واقع ، ثروتمندان در حال صادرات نابودی جهان طبیعی بودند و هزینه آن برای کره زمین نامتناسب بود. دانشمندان استدلال می کنند که از بین رفتن سه درخت در آمازون آسیب بیشتری نسبت به از دست دادن 14 درخت در نروژ دارد.
"بیشتر جنگلها در کشورهای فقیرتر هستند که انگیزه های اقتصادی زیادی برای قطع آنها دارند. یافته های ما نشان می دهد که کشورهای ثروتمندتر از طریق تقاضای کالا ، جنگل زدایی را تشویق می کنند. " کیئیچیرو کانموتو از انستیتوی تحقیقات بشریت و طبیعت در کیوتو
وی گفت: "سیاست هایی که هدف آنها حفظ جنگل ها است ، باید فقر را نیز کاهش دهند. با همه گیری ویروس کرونا ، بیکاری چالش های بیشتری برای حفاظت از جنگل در کشورهای در حال توسعه ایجاد می کند. ما می خواهیم داده های ما در سیاست گذاری کمک کنند. "
تلفات آمریکای جنوبی
و در ژورنال با پیشرفتهای علمی، تیمی از دانشگاه مریلند گزارش بررسی دقیق تقاضا برای چوب تفاله ، نیشکر ، گوشت گاو ، ذرت و سایر کالاها در یک قاره: آمریکای جنوبی ، محل زندگی مهمترین اکوسیستم های جهان.
آنها دریافتند که تأثیر انسان روی سطح زمین این قاره بین سالهای 1985 تا 2018 60٪ گسترش یافته است. در آن سال ها پوشش طبیعی درخت 16 درصد کاهش یافته بود و مقیاس مرتع 23 درصد ، زمین های زراعی 160 درصد و مزارع 288 درصد افزایش داشت.
مجموع کل زمینهای تغییر یافته به 268 میلیون هکتار یا 2.68 متر کیلومتر مربع رسید. آرژانتین ، که به طور تصادفی پوشش می دهد 2.73 متر کیلومتر مربع، تنها 23٪ افزایش در کاربری زمین توسط انسان مشاهده شده است. برزیل در آن سال ها با رشد 65 درصدی در ترازو قرار گرفت.
محققان می گویند ، از همه این پوشش های تغییر یافته زمین در این قاره ، حدود 55 میلیون هکتار تخریب شده است - یعنی دیگر به عنوان یک اکوسیستم کار نمی کند - در حالی که بدون بازگشت تجاری به کار گرفته شده است. این معادل بیش از نیم میلیون کیلومتر مربع است: مساحت کمی بزرگتر از فرانسه.
نویسندگان می نویسند: "هیچ منطقه ای روی زمین به دلیل تولید کالاهای کشاورزی که آمریکای جنوبی دارد ، به احتمال زیاد مقیاس تبدیل زمین را تجربه نکرده است." - شبکه آب و هوا اخبار
درباره نویسنده
تیم رادفورد یک روزنامه نگار آزاد است. او برای کار می کرد گاردین برای 32 سال، تبدیل شدن به (در میان چیزهای دیگر) ویرایشگر حروف، ویرایشگر هنر، ویراستار ادبی و سردبیر علم است. او موفق به کسب انجمن علوم بریتانیا نویسندگان جایزۀ نویسنده علمی سال چهار بار. او در کمیته انگلیس برای کمیته خدمات دهه های بین المللی برای کاهش فاجعه طبیعی. او در مورد علم و رسانه در ده ها شهر بریتانیایی و خارجی سخنرانی کرده است.
کتاب توسط این نویسنده:
علمی که جهان را تغییر داد: داستان غم انگیز دیگر انقلاب 1960s
توسط تیم ردفورد.
کتاب های مرتبط
زندگی پس از کربن: تبدیل جهان بعدی شهرهای
by Pاتر پلاستریک، جان کلیولند
آینده شهرهای ما چیزی نیست که مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. مدل مدرن شهر که در قرن بیستم در سطح جهان قرار داشت، از اهمیت آن کاسته شده است. این مسئله نمی تواند مشکلات را که باعث ایجاد آن شد، به خصوص گرمایش جهانی، حل کند. خوشبختانه، مدل جدیدی برای توسعه شهری در شهرها به وجود آمده است تا به شدت با واقعیت های تغییرات آب و هوایی مواجه شود. این شیوه تبدیل شهرها به طراحی و استفاده از فضای فیزیکی، ایجاد ثروت اقتصادی، مصرف و دفع منابع، بهره برداری و حفظ اکوسیستم های طبیعی است و آماده شدن برای آینده است. موجود در آمازون
توسط الیزابت کلبرت
طی نیم میلیارد سال گذشته، پنج تن از انقراض جمعی وجود داشته است، زمانی که تنوع زندگی بر روی زمین ناگهان و به طور چشمگیری متوقف شد. دانشمندان در سراسر جهان در حال حاضر نظارت بر انقراض ششم، پیش بینی کرده اند که منحرف ترین انقراض از اثر سیارک است که از بین بردن دایناسورها. این زمان در اطراف ما، حوادث ما است. در پروسه ای که یک بار فریبنده، سرگرم کننده و عمیقا آگاه است، نیویورکر نویسنده الیزابت کلبرت به ما می گوید که چرا و چگونه انسان ها زندگی را بر روی سیاره تغییر داده اند به گونه ای که هیچ گونه گونه ای پیش از آن وجود نداشته است. کولبرت، تحقیقات متداول در نیمی از رشته ها، توصیف هایی از گونه های جذاب که قبلا از دست داده اند و تاریخ انقراض به عنوان یک مفهوم، کولبرت یک گزارش متحرک و جامع از ناپدید شدن های قبل از چشم ما را فراهم می کند. او نشان می دهد که انقراض ششم احتمالا میراث پایدار بشریت است و ما را مجبور به بازنگری در مسئله بنیادین آنچه که به معنای انسان است، بازنگری می کنیم. موجود در آمازون
جنگ آب و هوا: مبارزه برای بقا به عنوان بیش از حد جهانی
توسط گونین دایر
امواج پناهندگان آب و هوا ده ها تن از دولت های شکست خورده. جنگ تمامعیار. از یکی از تحلیل گران بزرگ ژئوپولتیک جهان، یک نگاه اجمالی به واقعیت های استراتژیک آینده نزدیک می آید، زمانی که تغییرات آب و هوایی قدرت های جهانی را نسبت به سیاست گزاف گویی بقا حفظ می کند. پیش داوری و نافذ جنگ آب و هوا یکی از مهم ترین کتاب های سال های آینده خواهد بود. آن را بخوانید و بفهمید چه چیزی را دنبال می کنید. موجود در آمازون
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خرید در آمازون برای هزینۀ آوردن شما هزینه می کند InnerSelf.comelf.com, MightyNatural.com, و ClimateImpactNews.com بدون هزینه و بدون تبلیغاتی که عادت مرور شما را دنبال می کنند. حتی اگر روی یک لینک کلیک کنید اما این محصولات انتخابی را خریداری نکنید، هر چیزی که شما در همان بازدید از آمازون خریداری می کنید، یک کمیسیون را به ما می دهد. هیچ هزینه اضافی برای شما وجود ندارد، پس لطفا در تلاش باشید. شما همچنین می توانید از این لینک استفاده کنید برای استفاده از آمازون در هر زمان، بنابراین می توانید به حمایت از تلاش های ما کمک کنید.
این مقاله در ابتدا ظاهر شد اخبار شبکه آب و هوا<|endoftext|>ماشین به خاطر سنگین بودن وسایل مگان خیلی کند حرکت می کرد و همین مسئله مگان را عصبانی میکرد. اگر از همان اول لیموزین کرایه می کرد این اتفاقات نمی افتاد. دیگر مغزش داشت از عصبانست سوت می کشید و دلش می خواست برود و راننده را خفه کند.
- اقا چرا این اینقدر کنده؟ چرا دارین با اعصاب من بازی می کنید؟ می خواید من رو کفری کنید؟
مگان در طول راه با غر زدن هاش کاری کرده بود که مغز راننده سوت بکشد.
وقتی در صف بود چمدان هایش فضای زیادی را اشغال می کردند برای همین جا در صف تنگ شده بود و مردم در صف به او اعتراض می کردند.
- خانم یکم اون چمدونات رو بده کنار.
- دوشیزه من یکی رو که دیوانه کردید یکم اون ها رو بده اونور.
- مگه کی می خواد اونا رو بدزده یکم تکونشون بده.
مگان روی این جمله حساس بود. بسیار بسیار حساس. دفعه ی پیش که یک نفر این را به او گفته بود بلای بدی سرش امد 3 سال در سنت مانگو به خاطر اسیب دیدگی شدید در کما بود. وقتی که می خواست برود و دعوایی با ان مرد بکند ساحره ای که پشت میز نشسته بود او را صدا زد.
- بعدی.
- خب منم دیگه بهم اون پاکت رو بده تا برم.
- وای چقدر خودشیفته است این زن. تا اسم ندی پاکتی در کار نیست.
- واقعا که. من تا اسم نگم نمی شناسینم.
من راوستوکم. مگان راوستوک. فرزند تام راوستوک و الیزابت کینگ و نوه ی ...
- خانم نمی خواد شجره نامت رو توضیح بدی. بیا این پاکتت. فقط برو.
مگان نامه را با ناخن هایش باز کرد. زیرا به نظر خیلی زشت می امد. در پاکت نوشته بود.
مقصد ژاپن<|endoftext|>Il gomito del tennista, noto anche come epicondilite laterale, è una condizione dolorosa che colpisce il tendine degli estensori del polso e delle dita all’origine del gomito. Nonostante il nome, questa condizione non è limitata solo ai tennisti, ma può colpire anche altre persone coinvolte in attività che richiedono movimenti ripetitivi del polso e della mano.
Ecco alcuni suggerimenti su come trattare il gomito del tennista:
- Riposo: Dopo aver identificato i sintomi del gomito del tennista, è importante evitare o ridurre l’attività che provoca dolore. Riposare il braccio e permettere ai tessuti di guarire è fondamentale per il recupero.
- Ghiaccio: L’applicazione di impacchi di ghiaccio sulla zona colpita può aiutare ad alleviare il dolore e ridurre l’infiammazione. Si consiglia di applicare il ghiaccio per 15-20 minuti, diverse volte al giorno.
- Compressione: L’utilizzo di un bendaggio elastico o di un tutore può fornire sostegno e compressione alla zona del gomito, riducendo il carico sul tendine e contribuendo al recupero.
- Farmaci anti-infiammatori: L’assunzione di farmaci anti-infiammatori non steroidei (FANS), come l’ibuprofene, può aiutare a ridurre il dolore e l’infiammazione. È importante consultare un medico prima di assumere qualsiasi farmaco.
- Fisioterapia: Un fisioterapista può fornire una serie di esercizi e terapie per ridurre il dolore, migliorare la flessibilità e rafforzare i muscoli dell’avambraccio. La terapia fisica può essere un aspetto importante nel processo di recupero.
- Stretching e rinforzo: Eseguire esercizi di stretching e rinforzo per i muscoli dell’avambraccio può aiutare a migliorare
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medico curante. Si consiglia di utilizzare una crema cosmetica speciale per la rosacea, di colore verde chiaro delicato. Si trova nelle farmacie e nei centri estetici. I più apprezzati sono i seguenti:
- Tiande;
- Uriage Roseliane;
- Alezans Lierak, con contenuto di alghe;
- Sensibio di Bioderma, che è un'eccellente protezione contro gli effetti negativi delle temperature estreme;
- Dr. Taffy con calendula.
Molti produttori offrono sonde per i loro prodotti. Ciò consente di verificare l'effetto della crema, la sua compatibilità con la pelle del paziente. Il che è molto conveniente, poiché questi prodotti sono costosi.
Va notato che tutti questi rimedi sono utili per prevenire lo sviluppo della malattia. Se i sintomi compaiono, è meglio ricorrere immediatamente a metodi hardware per rimuoverli..
Rafforzare i vasi sanguigni
La capacità di rimuovere i vasi sanguigni sul viso con un laser non elimina la necessità di rafforzarli. Dopotutto, solo i capillari elastici con un buon tono contribuiscono al normale flusso sanguigno, prevenendo la comparsa di reti e arrossamenti sulla pelle. Le seguenti maschere fai-da-te aiutano a rafforzare i vasi sanguigni del viso..
Maschera da giorno
Prendi estratti di mirtilli e fiori di mimosa, foglie di macellaio, radici di galanga, semi di cipresso e olio di vinaccioli. Mescolare tutti i componenti presi in parti uguali. Applicare sulla pelle del viso. Per migliorare l'effetto, coprire con un tovagliolo imbevuto di acqua calda. Risciacquare la maschera con acqua tiepida. Lubrificare il viso con una crema adatta alla pelle. Entrambe le maschere vengono eseguite a giorni alterni per due mesi.
I piccoli vasi sulla pelle del viso sono ben rinforzati da un impacco dal succo di prezzemolo scottato con acqua bollente mescolata con latte. La garza imbevuta di questa miscela viene applicata sul viso per 30 minuti. Si consiglia di eseguire questa compressione ogni due giorni. Il rafforzamento dei vasi sanguigni è facilitato dallo sfregamento quotidiano del viso con una foglia di aloe, nonché dall'ingestione della seguente infusione:
Prendi un cucchiaio di bacche di aronia nera, due cucchiai di fiori di biancospino e foglie di vischio. Farli in un thermos con un litro di acqua bollente e insistere. Bere mezzo bicchiere tre volte al giorno.
Maschera da notte
Contiene estratto di sophora, radici di tarassaco, fiori di calendula e olio essenziale di semi d'uva. Tutti i componenti sono presi allo stesso modo. La maschera è distribuita uniformemente sulla superficie anteriore. L'eccesso viene rimosso con un panno morbido.
Medicina tradizionale
La medicina tradizionale offre anche rimedi per aiutare a sbarazzarsi di difetti che rovinano l'aspetto..
- La terapia del succo è considerata la più efficace. Per questo viene utilizzato succo di cavolo appena spremuto. Contiene la maggior quantità di vari minerali e vitamine. Ma ha un sapore leggermente amaro e sgradevole. Il succo di carota aiuterà a migliorarlo. Raccomandiamo anche il succo di prugna, che contiene una grande quantità di vitamina P, che è così necessaria per l'elasticità dei capillari e di altri vasi..
- Alcuni guaritori consigliano di spalmare le zone colpite con aceto di mele o succo di pomodoro fresco. Ma questo rimedio dovrebbe essere usato con molta attenzione, poiché l'acido in essi contenuto può causare ustioni.
- Tra le piante medicinali per la rosacea, è meglio usare i fiori di camomilla e calendula (calendula). Le infusioni d'acqua di queste piante possono essere lavate. Si prendono perfettamente cura della pelle, alleviando qualsiasi irritazione, poiché hanno un effetto lenitivo.
Prevenzione della vasodilatazione sul viso
Una persona i cui vasi sanguigni scoppiano periodicamente ha bisogno di prendersi cura adeguatamente della pelle a casa. Per loro l'uso è controindicato:
- Scrub e peeling contenenti particelle grossolane che possono irritare la pelle;
- Lozioni a base di alcol e altri prodotti per la cura della pelle;
- Creme, gel e altri cosmetici contenenti mentolo o miele (questi sono forti allergeni).
L'acqua per il lavaggio dovrebbe essere moderatamente calda. L'acqua calda, come l'acqua fredda, provoca la vasodilatazione. Dopo il lavaggio, non è consigliabile pulire il viso, è sufficiente applicare un asciugamano per alcuni secondi per rimuovere l'acqua in eccesso.
In un salone di bellezza, è meglio scegliere un peeling superficiale con agenti chimici. Le procedure di massaggio a vapore e manuale per la rosacea sono controindicate. Ma le maschere al collagene, il massaggio termale, le procedure fitoterapiche sono molto utili..
La regola fondamentale è stare attenti alle condizioni della propria pelle. Scegli metodi e mezzi gentili per prenderti cura di lei. E poi non è richiesta la moxibustione.
Ginnastica cinese
La medicina cinese è famosa per la sua capacità unica di eliminare vari disturbi senza l'uso di droghe. Uno dei mezzi più efficaci per rafforzare i vasi sanguigni del viso sono gli esercizi terapeutici, sviluppati dai guaritori cinesi. Dovrebbe essere eseguito al mattino, dopo gli esercizi mattutini (o dopo), ripetere ogni esercizio almeno 15 volte. Tutti gli esercizi vengono eseguiti in posizione "seduta" (su una sedia o in turco con le gambe piegate a terra).
- Esercizio "Onda". La schiena è dritta. Le mani sono sulle ginocchia, gli occhi sono chiusi. Prendendo fiato, è necessario sporgere il più possibile lo stomaco. Mentre espiri, riporta in dentro lo stomaco.
- Strofinando vigorosamente le orecchie con le dita (indice e pollice).
- Massaggio alle orecchie. I palmi si trovano sopra le aperture uditive e sono strettamente premuti contro di essi. In questa posizione, muovi i palmi su e giù. In questo caso, si verifica la flessione e l'estensione dei padiglioni auricolari..
- Massaggio alla testa. Viene eseguito spostando il palmo dalla parte frontale alla parte posteriore della testa e alla schiena.
- Massaggio delle sopracciglia con la falange del pollice (da dietro). Movimento dal ponte del naso verso la tempia. Quindi il dito torna indietro.
- Imitazione del lavaggio. Il viso è chiuso con i palmi, un movimento che ricorda il lavaggio.
Agopuntura per rafforzare i vasi sanguigni
L'agopuntura o l'impatto su punti biologicamente attivi viene utilizzato nel trattamento di molte malattie. La medicina tibetana offre diversi semplici esercizi che agiscono sui punti attivi delle braccia per ripristinare il normale flusso sanguigno. Questa tecnica si chiama Kumnyai.
- In piedi dritto. Metti le mani davanti al petto, i palmi con le dita intrecciate rivolti verso il viso. È necessario separarli tirando lentamente i palmi delle mani in direzioni diverse.
- La situazione è la stessa. Ma solo i mignoli sono chiusi. Ripeti il movimento precedente, cercando di separarli.
- Ripeti questo esercizio con ogni dito..
- Stringere il mignolo di una mano tra il medio e l'indice. Deve essere tirato fuori da lì. Dopo 10 ripetizioni, eseguire l'esercizio, stringendo le dita a turno, prima di una e poi dell'altra.
Ogni esercizio deve essere eseguito almeno 10 volte.
Couperosi (rete vascolare) sul viso. Cause, nutrizione e trattamento della rosacea
Ogni donna, tuttavia, come un uomo, non sarà felice di notare uno non il giorno più bello una rete vascolare che non scompare sul suo viso - la rosacea. Queste striature rosse sul viso non sono una malattia, come molti credono, si tratta di un difetto estetico, che però può rovinare il nostro umore insieme all'aspetto..
Ancora: macchie rosse sul viso, una rete di capillari rossi, brufoli con una parte superiore purulenta - poco piacevole...
Tuttavia, prima che tu, disperato, inizi a coprire questa disgrazia con creme, maschera con polvere o usi qualsiasi procedura per rimuovere le vene dei ragni, chiedi le cause della rosacea, è del tutto possibile che, trovandone una, troverai una soluzione al tuo problema.
Cause di vasi dilatati sul viso - rosacea
- Prima di tutto, la comparsa della rosacea sul viso è preceduta da problemi ai vasi sanguigni. Nello strato sottocutaneo, la circolazione sanguigna è disturbata, i piccoli vasi sanguigni si dilatano e sul viso compaiono macchie rosse di pelle “su base permanente”. Inoltre, molto spesso questa "bellezza" viene acquisita dal naso, dal mento e dalle guance, le zone più attivamente esposte all'ambiente..
Molto spesso, questo fenomeno è riscontrato da persone con pelle sottile, secca e sensibile a vari irritanti. Sebbene i proprietari di pelle grassa e più densa possano anche notare vasi dilatati occasionali, specialmente sulle ali del naso..
Pertanto, se i tuoi vasi sono deboli, fragili e pigri, hanno perso la loro elasticità, la rete vascolare sul viso non ti farà aspettare a lungo.
- Con un'alimentazione scorretta, la "debolezza" umana per le cattive abitudini e uno stile di vita malsano, gli organi interni iniziano a soffrire, ed è un bene se segnalano solo attraverso questo problema estetico che qualcosa non va nel tuo corpo. E la cosa brutta è che molte persone spesso non prestano attenzione a tali segnali...
- Malattie endocrine, anomalie nel lavoro di stomaco, intestino e fegato, ipertensione: tutti questi problemi possono "inviare un segnale" attraverso i vasi dilatati del viso.
- La couperosi può manifestarsi con uno squilibrio ormonale, così come dopo aver assunto contraccettivi ormonali.
- Amanti dell'abbronzatura attiva al sole e in un solarium, devi sapere che questo non solo invecchia e secca la pelle, contribuisce alla sua perdita di elasticità, ma colpisce anche le pareti dei vasi sanguigni, che porta alla comparsa della rosacea. Anche Ogorodnikov spesso non ignora questo problema..
- Molti innamorati stanno a lungo in un bagno o in una sauna, dopo un po 'potranno notare una rete di vasi sanguigni sul viso a causa dell'eccessiva esposizione alle alte temperature. Gli stessi amanti del vapore, bagnanti, cuochi di ristoranti e mense, lavoratori di "negozi caldi" non sono immuni da questo..
- Non solo l'aria calda, ma anche il freddo, il vento, il gelo provocano l'espansione dei capillari sul viso. Ciò riguarda molti trader e tutti coloro che trascorrono molto tempo all'aria fresca e fredda..
- Inoltre non "scarteremo" la predisposizione genetica. Se i tuoi genitori hanno una rosacea pronunciata, è probabile che tu abbia ereditato una tale "caratteristica" della pelle...
- Chiunque sia appassionato di procedure cosmetiche varie e particolarmente aggressive, è importante capire che la loro pelle è capace di disidratazione, assottigliamento, i vasi sanguigni possono essere feriti, aumenta la sensibilità della pelle e dei capillari all'influenza dell'ambiente.
- I fumatori probabilmente sanno che il tabacco ha un effetto negativo sul cuore e sui vasi sanguigni (compresi i più piccoli capillari sul viso), ma ci pensano poco, trascinandosi un'altra sigaretta...
- Alcol. Chi non conosce il viso apparentemente gonfio di un bevitore di alcol "professionale" con una rete vascolare pronunciata sulla pelle? Sebbene i "non professionisti" non dovrebbero essere incoraggiati, anche una quantità moderata di alcol spesso contribuisce alla comparsa di una rete vascolare sul viso.
- E qualche altro motivo per la comparsa della rosacea: sovraccarico nervoso, cibo piccante e troppo caldo, nonché una carenza di silicio.
Silicio - con l'aiuto di questo minerale, i comandi del cervello di espandersi e contrarsi raggiungono lo scopo previsto, cioè i vasi li "ascoltano". Se il corpo non riceve abbastanza silicio, prende il suo posto il calcio, che è "sordo" ai comandi del cervello. Inoltre, a causa della mancanza di silicio, i vasi sono fragili, fragili e hanno perso la loro elasticità. Ecco un altro buon motivo per la rosacea.
Sulla base di questi 12 motivi, il trattamento della rosacea diventa più significativo. Se scopri che i problemi di salute interna hanno contribuito alla comparsa di una rete di vasi sanguigni sul viso, annulla tutte le tue procedure cosmetiche, non porteranno alcun effetto, devi sbarazzarti della tua malattia sottostante.
5 passaggi per curare la rosacea
- Determinazione delle cause della rosacea e loro eliminazione. In questa situazione, vale la pena contattare diversi specialisti, che ti aiuteranno a capire i motivi.
- Cambiamento e normalizzazione della dieta e dello stile di vita.
- Rimuovi senza rimpianti cibi e condimenti piccanti e piccanti, cioccolato, cibi in scatola e sottaceti, cibi contenenti caffeina, bevande alcoliche, compresa la birra, limitati all'uso di cibi grassi, formaggi, panna acida e fegato.
- Muoviti molto, puoi fare fitness.
- Smetti di fumare sigarette, bere bevande alcoliche.
- Non rimanere in bagni di vapore o saune troppo calde, non fare docce calde e cercare di non rimanere a lungo in condizioni di gelo estremo.
- Assunzione di farmaci speciali e complessi vitaminici e minerali volti a rafforzare le pareti vascolari. Tali preparati dovrebbero contenere vitamine K, C, P, acidi grassi polinsaturi del tipo Omega 3, silicio. Per rafforzare le pareti vascolari e migliorare le condizioni dei vasi sanguigni, avrai bisogno di: rutina, olio di semi d'uva, collagene, estratti di piante come echinacea, mirtillo, mimosa, castagno, mirto.
Il cibo per la rosacea dovrebbe includere anche topinambur, piselli, porridge di avena e grano saraceno, mais, fagioli: questi alimenti sono ricchi di silicio.
Per rafforzare i vasi sanguigni, mangia ogni giorno qualcosa da questa lista: pomodori o spinaci, limoni o rosa canina, cavolfiori o cavolini di Bruxelles, ciliegie o mirtilli, aronia o peperoni, noci, ribes o arance. Se mangiato con la buccia, il tuo corpo riceverà più vitamina P..
- L'uso di fondi che danno un effetto anti-cuperoso: maschere, creme, sieri.
- Qualsiasi procedura con un viso con pori dilatati deve essere eseguita con cura, interessando delicatamente la pelle. I prodotti contenenti alcol, menta, aloe, mentolo, chiodi di garofano, miele o eucalipto non sono adatti a te. Non dovresti prenderti cura della tua pelle con creme contenenti acidi della frutta e maschere con pellicola..
- Non pulire il viso con cubetti di ghiaccio: questo è controindicato in caso di rosacea!
- Usa con cura maschere a base di argilla.
- Applicare qualsiasi prodotto con la punta delle dita, monitorando la reazione della pelle.
- Dopo il lavaggio, tampona il viso con un asciugamano invece di asciugarlo.
- Puoi fare una buona scelta a favore delle maschere al collagene, non solo renderanno la pelle più elastica, ma rimuoveranno anche le rughe mimiche.
- Usa raramente scrub e peeling.
- In caso di rosacea rinunciare alla pulizia manuale del viso, ai massaggiatori facciali, alle inalazioni di vapore. Ma il massaggio linfodrenante per il trattamento della rosacea è molto buono: ridurrà il rossore della pelle, migliorerà il deflusso di sangue.
- Quando esci al sole, assicurati di proteggere la pelle con creme con un filtro SPF.
- I vasi dilatati possono essere rimossi utilizzando le seguenti procedure: terapia laser, fotocoagulazione, scleroterapia, elettrocoagulazione, ozono terapia.
Trattamento della rosacea a casa
Se aggiungi rimedi popolari per la rosacea ai suggerimenti di cui sopra, completerai e migliorerai l'effetto del trattamento. Ovviamente puoi
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emiyorsanız, bunu düzeltmekle görevlisiniz. Eğer bunu yapacağınız yollar size kapalıysa, o zaman belki de yüklerinizi bir buldozere bağlayıp yeni bir yol açmalısınız.
Freud, 1910’da toplanan bir kongrede şunu demiştir: “İnsanlığın içsel güvensizliğini ve otorite arzusunu hiçbir zaman abartmış olmazsınız”. Bu arzu, kendisi tarafından başka bir yerde uyandığında “kendisine karşı ancak pasif mazoşist bir tavrın mümkün olduğunu ve tüm iradenin kendisine teslim edilmesi gereken tehlikeli bir reis figürü” arayan “arkaik miras” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Yüz yıl önceye kıyasla bugün, kurbanı suçlamak doğallaştı ve bu bir elitin otorite arzusuna sahip insanlara karşı tahammülsüzlüğüne işaret etse de, o gün ofisime gelen insanların henüz dinmemis üzgünlüğünü açıklamaz. Ancak, daha melankolik duygularımızdan birini, kimi yönleriyle açıklayabilir. Bu duygu, Trump’ın inatla körüklediği nostalji duygusudur. Tüm nostaljiler gibi, Amerika’yı yeniden muhteşem yapma isteği de hiç var olmamış olanı arzu etmektir ve bize eskide neyin var olduğundan çok şimdi neyin eksik olduğunu gösterir.
Ancak Freudcu görüşe göre Trump yandaşı muhafazakarların başarısı bize arkaik mirasımızı hatırlatmalı. Aslında Trump’ın ve yandaşlarının hayranlık duyduğu geçmiş, 20. yüzyılın ortalarından daha eskilerde, o kırmızı şapkalar neyi ifade ediyorsa orada yatmakta. Trump, toplumsal hiyerarşide beyazlara en üstte yer vermekten fazlasını, dünyayı, elitlerin ve toplumsal adalet savaşçılarının araya girmesine gerek olmaksızın anlaşılır kılmayı vadediyor. Bizi medeniyetin boğucu ağından kurtulmaya, bilimi dışlamaya, mantığı keyfimize uydurmaya, köhnemiş inançlara sarılmaya, gücü serbest bırakmaya, içgüdülere ve adalet arayışına dair mantığı ve şüpheciliği savunan toplumsal anlaşmanın temel koşullarını ortadan kaldırmaya çağırıyor. En sonunda tüketmek, yağmalamak, yok etmek, komşularımızı duvarların ardına itmek ve kötü koşullarda yaşadıkları için insanlardan nefret etmek özgürlüklerini sağlayan ilkel bir Amerika’ya geri döneceğiz.
'TRUMP VE AYDINLANMAYI BERTARAF ETMEK'
Trump, yüzsüz yalanları, ahlaksızlığı, iyi olanı küçümseyici tavrı, tutarlı olmayı ya da başka türden bir bütünlüğü umursamaması ile vadettiğinden daha fazlasını yapıyor, bu vaatleri kendi bedeninde cisimleştiriyor. O, Aufklärer’in karşıtı. En büyük arzusu ise, her sözünün ardında bulunan ancak açıkça söylenmeyen bir şey: Aydınlanma’yı bertaraf etmek, bizi hiçbir şeyin kesin olmadığı ve her şeyin –ekonomik refah, ulusal sınırlar, cinsel kimlikler, aile içi düzenlemeler– değişebilir olduğu bir dünyada mantığa dayalı bir yaşantının zincirlerinden kurtarmak, güçlünün egemen olmasına izim vermek.
Birinci dünya savaşında kullanılan otomatik silahlar ve hardal gazı Freud’a değişmez görünenin kırılganlığını göstermişti, Trump’ın seçilmesi ise onun, yıkılmasını olmasa da, köhneliğini gösteriyor. Hiçbir çatışma olmadan, sadece öfke ve nefretin kolektif dışavurumuyla seçmenlerin neredeyse çoğu akıllarıyla hareket etmedi. Reddettikleri ise bir aday ya da bir parti değil, Freud’un da parçası olduğu, 500 yıldan fazla sürede oluşmuş değerler bütünüydü. Onlar, modernitenin sunduğu, şeyleri kendi kendimize kavramak için aklımızı kullanmamız gerekliliğine karşı ayaklandılar ve onun yerine eski kuralları değil, Trump’ta vücut bulan güdüleri, intikam, zalimlik ve öfkeyi koydular. Sınırlarımızı ancak onlara feci şekilde ihtiyacımız olduğunu kavradığımızda fark edeceğimize dayanan Freud’un görüşü ve onun yeniden değerlendirilmiş hali tamamen yetersizdi. Bu noktada John Adams, demokrasinin kendini “tükettiği, yorduğu ve öldürdüğü”, bireylerin kendilerini kontrol altına alabilecekleri ancak “ulusları ve milyonlarca insanı hiçbir zaman” değiştiremeyecekleri saptamasıyla dikkat çekiyor.
Gene de, sorun cevaplarımızda değil, sorunun içinde olabilir. Dünya’da yaşamın insanların yönetebileceğinden daha karmaşık ve kaotik, tesadüfen edindiğimiz güçlü ve zayıf yanlarımızın bu karmaşaya uyum sağlayacak biçimde evrilmemiş, süreğen bir düzeni kurabileceğimize olan ve Aydınlanma ile zirveye ulaşmış düşüncenin sadece kibirli bir inanç olabileceği de mümkün. Bu kibirli inanışlardan bir diğeri de ilerlemenin kaçınılmazlığıdır. Açıklama uğraşında olduğumuz karanlığın öteki yüzünde, kendimizi ve dünyayı değerlendirirken hayal bile edemeyeceğimiz; bize, demokrasinin bir Lascaux Mağarası ressamına olduğu kadar yabancı ve içinde kendi yıkılışının tohumlarını taşımayan bir anlayış olabileceği de mümkün.
Ancak bu kesin olmaktan çok uzak ve bu noktada mesleğim ve onun bizim iç dünyamızın değerlendirilmesiyle alakalı öğrettiği her şey kullanışlı hale geliyor. Çünkü bu müthiş deneyimin, kendi gösterimizi yapma becerisini bulacağımız düşüncesinin getirdiği hüznü hissetmeye yeni başladık ve çöküşümüzü izlerken yas tutma konusunda çok iyi olmalıyız. Meslektaşlarım ve ben yardım etmeye hazırız.
İLGİLİ HABERLER
Bir Binali Yıldırım hatırlatması: Pamukova’da da, Çorlu’da da direksiyonda hep sen vardın
Meramımız Binali Bey’in yolsuzluklarını ya da servetini ortaya dökmek değil. Bu konuda muhteşem habercilik örnekleri var. Züğürt olmamız ya da çenemizin yorulmasından korktuğumuzdan da değil. Dilimiz döndüğünce, gerekirse sokaklarda teneke çalarak da bunları anlatırız ancak Yıldırım’ın sicilinde yolsuzluktan çok öte göze çarpan şeyler var. 14 sene arayla 66 ölü ve hafızalara kazınan “O direksiyonu ben kullanmıyorum ki kardeşim” sözü…
10-06-2019 09:46
Tugay Candan - Twitter: @TugayCandann
Mail: [email protected]
Kendisi şimdi İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanlığının ‘yenik’ adayı. Her gün, her yerde ama her yerde onunla karşılaşmanız mümkün. Gazetelerde, televizyonlarda, internette türlü reklamlarda, devlet dairelerinde, eğer İstanbul’da yaşıyorsanız dört bir tarafta…
31 Mart sonrasının ilk döneminin aksine çok konuşuyor bugünlerde. Bir “çünkü çaldılar” diyor, bir “seçmen tipine göre pusula verildi”; bir bakıyorsunuz söylediklerini inkar ediyor, bir de bakıyorsunuz ki “Sen Binali, ben Binali ettik iki bin Ali” şeklinde latife çabalarına girişiyor.
“İşin ehli” deniliyor Saray çevresinden onunla ilgili. “İstanbul’u işin ehline teslim edin” diye telkin ediliyor halka. AKP’nin ‘ikinci adamı’ olarak aday olduğu (ya da oldurulduğu) İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanlığı yarışında aldığı yenilgi, hukuksuzluk yoluyla hükümsüz kılınmaya çalışılıyor.
Bir dönemin İstanbul Deniz Otobüsleri Genel Müdürü, AKP iktidarının büyük bölümünde Ulaştırma Bakanı, bir dönemin İzmir Büyükşehir Belediye Başkan adayı, atanmış Başbakan, TBMM Başkanı ve İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Başkan adayı AKP’li Binali Yıldırım’dan bahsediyoruz tahmin ettiğiniz gibi.
‘İŞİN EHLİ’
İşte bu ‘on parmağında on marifet’ Binali Yıldırım’ın ilk gündeme geldiği dönem, İDO Genel Müdürü olduğu sürece tekabül ediyor. İDO’yu akrabalarıyla birlikte yağmalayan Yıldırım, bu yolsuzluklar nedeniyle 1999 yılında görevinden alınıyor.*
Bunu bugün şöyle anlamak gerekiyor; Türkiye’de sağcılığın siciline işlemiş olan yolsuzluk, daha sonra başbakanlığa kadar yükselen Yıldırım’ın sicilinde de ilk sırayı alıyor. Sağcılık böyledir; halka karşı işlenen hiçbir suç, ödülsüz bırakılmıyor. Yıldırım ailesinin artık bilinen offshore serveti, Binali Bey’in çocuklarının kumarhanelerde çekilen görüntüleri, sağcılığın amentüsünün süsü oluyor.
Tabi meramımız Binali Bey’in yolsuzluklarını ya da servetini ortaya dökmek değil. Bu konuda muhteşem habercilik örnekleri var. Züğürt olmamız ya da çenemizin yorulmasından korktuğumuzdan da değil. Dilimiz döndüğünce, gerekirse sokaklarda teneke çalarak da bunları anlatırız ancak Yıldırım’ın sicilinde yolsuzluktan çok öte göze çarpan bir şey var. 14 sene arayla 66 ölü ve hafızalara kazınan “O direksiyonu ben kullanmıyorum ki kardeşim” sözü…
YIL 2004: 41 ÖLÜ VE DİREKSİYONDA BİNALİ YILDIRIM VAR
Yıl 2004… AKP iktidarının ilk yılları. Yıldırım bu defa karşımıza Ulaştırma Bakanı olarak çıkıyor. Tarihler 22 Temmuz’u gösteriyor. Haydarpaşa-Ankara seferini yapmakta olan hızlandırılmış trenin Sakarya'nın Pamukova ilçesinde raydan çıkarak devrilmesi sonucunda 41 kişi hayatını kaybederken, 81 kişi de yaralanıyor.
Siyasi şov ve vagonların alımına kadar bir rant projesi olduğu anlaşılan hızlı tren dayatması, 41 yurttaşın hayatına mal oluyor. “Dayatma” diyoruz, çünkü bakın Elektrik Mühendisleri Odası’nın olaya dair “Hızlandırılmış Kara Tren” bülteninde neler söyleniyor:
- Rayların yenilenmemesi
“TCDD’nin istatistik yıllığına göre, raylardan yüzde 23.68'i 30 yaş ve üzerinde. yüzde 29'u 10 yaşından küçük, yüzde 33.10'u 11–20, yüzde 14.22'si 21–30 yaş arasında. Yani rayların yüzde 71'i 11 yaşından büyük.
Raylı taşımacılıkta en çok kullanılan hat olan İistanbul -Ankara hattı, tam 100 yıllık.
İlk defa Abdülhamid döneminde, 1892'de işletmeye açılan hatta, son yıllarda sık sık kazalar oluyor. Kazaların bir kısmı yük trenlerinde gerçekleştiği için kamuoyunun pek de dikkatini çekmedi.
Yıllardır demiryollarının ihmal edilmesi nedeniyle bu hatta 2003 yılında tam 46 raydan çıkma vakası yaşandı. Demiryolu ağının tamamında ise yine 2003'de 226 raydan çıkma vakası gerçekleşti.”
- Hızlandırılan lokomotif ve trenlerin hıza uygun olmaması
“Hızlandırılmış trenden önce makinistler, limitleri geçerse ceza kesiliyordu. Ancak hızlandırılmış trende limitleri yüzde 10 aşma hakkı tanındı. Yani makinist 80 km hızla girmesi gereken viraja 88 km hızla girme hakkına sahipti.
Hızlandırılmış tren için başlangıçta Ankara ve İstanbul’dan 10'ar makinist görevlendirildi. Ancak hepsi de son derece deneyimli olan bu makinistler riskli olduğu için hızlı treni istemedi.
Dolayısıyla kaza günü ilk kez uygulanan bir yöntemle ‘turnike’ sistemine geçildi. 65 makinistin nöbetleşe hızlandırılmış treni kullanması istendi. O gün hızlı treni kullanan makinist ilk kez bu sefere çıkıyordu.”
- Daha önce belli bir hızın altında giden lokomotif ve vagonlar için sorun olmayan virajların hesap edilmemesi
“Demiryollarının yüzde 64.6'sı düz, yüzde 35.4'ü ise virajlı.”**
Evet, işte Binali Bey’in Bakan olduğu dönemde niyetlenilen hızlandırılmış tren şovunun aslında bir katliam olduğu anlaşılıyor. 41 yurttaşımızın kanı, dönemin Başbakanı Erdoğan’la birlikte Binali Bey’in elinde duruyor.
Yetmiyor…
Katliamın ardından bugün yandaş olan bazı gazeteler “Rezalet”, “Seri Cinayet” gibi manşetlerle Yıldırım’ı eleştiriyor. Meclis’te muhalefet Yıldırım’ın istifası için gensorular veriyor. O ise çıkıp, “O direksiyonu ben kullanmıyorum ki kardeşim” şeklinde tuhaf bir cümleyle kendini savunmaya çalışıyor.
Sağcılığın amentüsü burada da işliyor. Katliamın ardından Binali Bey’in hemşehrisi, dönemin TCDD Genel Müdürü olan Süleyman Karaman hakkında 3.5 ay sonra verilen soruşturma izni, Mart 2005’te Ankara Bölge İdare Mahkemesi tarafından kaldırılıyor. İşte o Karaman, 11 yıl sonra AKP’den milletvekili olarak ödülünü alıyor.
Katliam davası ise önce zaman aşımına uğruyor, ardından Yargıtay kararıyla zaman aşımı düşürülerek makinistlere çeşitli cezalar veriliyor. Ne TCDD, ne de Bakanlık bünyesinde ise kimse yargılanmıyor. Yargılanmayı da geçelim, istifa etmeye bile yeltenmiyor.
41 yurttaş işte böyle bir sürece kurban ediliyor. Direksiyonda ise “işin ehli” Binali Bey’i görüyoruz.
YIL 2018: 25 ÖLÜ VE DİREKSİYONDA YİNE BİNALİ YILDIRIM VAR
Gelişi katliamla olan Binali Bey’in gidişi de katliamla oluyor. Bakan olarak gelen Yıldırım, hükümetten bu defa Başbakan olarak ayrılıyor. Daha doğrusu Erdoğan’a biat ederek, Başbakanlık mevkiinin son temsilcisi oluyor.
Yıldırım’ın Başbakanlığının resmi olarak son bulduğu 9 Temmuz 2018’den bir gün önce, Uzunköprü-Halkalı seferini yapan trenin vagonları, altı boşalan menfezden geçtikten sonra devriliyor. 25 yurttaş hayatını kaybederken, 338 yurttaş da yaralanıyor.
Neredeyse üzerinden geçen bir yıla rağmen hala yargılama sürecinin başlamadığı katliamla ilgili, olay öncesi ihmallerden tutun da yayın yasakları ve bilirkişilere kadar birçok skandal göze çarpıyor. Tıpkı 14 yıl önce olduğu gibi katliamla ilgili yargılanması istenen bir ‘üst düzey’ sorumlu bulunmadığı gibi, soruşturmaya uğrayanına bile rastlanmıyor. 4 ‘alt düzey’ sorumluya açılan dava ile diğer ‘üst düzey sorumluların yaşanan acı hadisedeki payı unutturulmak isteniyor. Katliamda yaşamını yitirenlerin aileleri ise bu adaletsizliğe isyan ederek adliye önlerinde, kent meydanlarında adalet arıyor.
Binali Bey ise yine direksiyonu tutuyor. Nasıl mı?
Yıldırım’ın Ulaştırma Bakanı olduğu 2011 yılında AKP hükümeti tarafından çıkarılan 655 sayılı KHK ile demiryolları tümüyle sermayeye peşkeşe açılarak, kamusal denetimin dışına çıkarılıyor. Toplumcu Mühendisler ve Mimarlar Meclisi’nin katliamdan 1 hafta sonra yayımladığı raporda, bu KHK ile ilgili şu ifadelere yer veriliyor:
“AKP hükümetinin çıkarmış olduğu 655 sayılı KHK’da demiryollarının sermayeye nasıl peşkeş çekildiği bütün çıplaklığı ile görülmektedir. Bu KHK ile demiryolu işletmeleri uluslararası sermayeye açılmış olup, demiryolu sistemi kamusal denetimin dışına çıkartılmıştır. TCDD parçalara ayrılmış, tecrübeli ve liyakat sahibi demiryolları çalışanları tasfiye edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda bu KHK ile birlikte demiryollarında yapılacak olan sistematik çalışmalar kamusal kurulların denetiminden çıkartılarak siyasi otoriteye teslim edilmiştir. Devlet Demir Yolları’nın 11 Haziran 2018 tarihinde Halkalı-Muratlı arasındaki tren yolunun bakımı için açtığı ilan siyasi otorite tarafından 21 Haziran 2018 de durdurulmuştur. Kamusal denetimin dışında gerçekleşen bu olay yaşanan facia ile birlikte demiryollarının sistematik çalışmalarının siyasi otorite tarafından değil kamusal kurumlar tarafından yönetilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.”***
Yazımızla ilgili olarak bu raporda anlatılmak istenen şu ki; 655 sayılı KHK ile demiryolları kamusal denetiminden çıkarılırken, bu hattın sinyalizasyon çalışmalarını yürüten bir şirketin yönetim kurulu üyesi olan Prof. Sıddık Binboğa Yarman
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.
I siti migliori sono: il "villaggio" a Trepucò, al limite della città di Maó, sulla strada per l'aeroporto, oppure la "Navetas d'es Tudons" vicino a Ciutadella
Spiagge
Le spiagge sono generalmente meravigliose - con molto spazio "sabbioso". Alcune località hanno spiagge più piccole (come Cala Galdana e Cala en Porter) ma ecco che ad esempio possiamo trovare a Son Bou circa 3 kilometri di splendida sabbia.
Spiagge incontaminate, sia sulla costa Nord che su quella Sud sono destinazioni ideali o uno stop piacevole per il pranzo. Al Nord: Cavalleria, Binimel-la, Pregonda e Cala Pilar; al Sud: Binigaus Escorxada, Trebaluger, Mitjana e Macarella. Dovendo scegliere le migliori sembrano essere Cala Pilar al Nord e Macarella al Sud
Attività ricreative
I teenagers potranno trovare la maggior parte delle località troppo tranquille di sera - ma andando verso le grotte potrete trovare un club che non teme confronti, si tratta del Cova d'en Xoroi situato a Cala en Porter nel sud dell'isola
Dato che Minorca ha moltissimo da offrire è consigliata per i turisti una vacanza "attiva" e all'aria aperta. Il genere di attività che troverete qui di seguito vi permetteranno di comprendere il carattere davvero speciale di Minorca, un'isola ricca di sorprese e con una forte identità, e non una recente "invenzione turistica".
Windsurf
La prima raccomandazione è quella di imparare il windsurf e la vela a Fornells, uno dei punti migliori di tutto il Mediterraneo. rrrr
Immersioni subacquee
Ci sono moltissimi siti per immersioni a Minorca, tutti con acqua limpida e molti di questi con splendidi fondali, relitti o grotte. Per imparare o per immergersi con esperti a Minorca provate Ulmo Scubadiving, in Addaia. Sono molto professionali, con personale gentile e vi daranno una personale attenzione.
Trekking
Albufera de es Grau. Il Parco Naturale si allunga fino a Favaritx, da dove potete apprezzare la splendida vista, la migliore della costa Est. Potrete avere una buona vista della costa Nord dell'isola dalla cima del Monte Toro e , più vicino al mare, dall'Arenal d'en castell, vicino a Fornells, subito ad est di Son Saura.
Cultura
Non perdetevi i siti archeologici di talaiotes, taules e navetas. Meritano tutti una visita e sono una caratteristica di Minorca. I migliori possono essere: Torre d'en Gaumés, il villaggio di Son Catlar, Sa Torreta de Tramontana, Cova dels Coloms e le Caves a Cala Morell
Escursioni Culturali
Ecco alcuni itinerari consigliati per combinare trekking e visite ai siti archeologici:
Cova dels Coloms - Sant Agustì Vell - Torrent de Binigaus - Platja de Binigaus.
Taula den Salord - Torre d'en Gaumés - La chiesa paleo-cristiana a Son Bou - La spiaggia di Son Bou.
Son Catlar - La spiaggia di Son Saoura del Sud
Concerti
In Luglio e Agosto si svolgono i concerti del Barocco e Rinascimento nella chiesa di Fornells
Fiestas
La più famosa fiesta di Minorca è la Fiesta de San Joan a Ciutadella il 23 e 24 di Giugno. I cavalli allevati a Minorca sono i protagonisti della festa e l'intera città è un'esplosione di colori e movimento, ci sarebbe bisogno di un intero sito per poter descrivere la festa nei suoi particolari e nelle sue cerimonie, pare sufficiente dire che le cerimonie e i rituali della festa si svolgono nelle antiche strade di Ciutadella nella maniera più eccitante e sbalorditiva possibile. Il ruolo svolto dai cavalli e cavalieri locali è uno degli elementi unici di Minorca, i cavalli allevati sull'isola vengono fatti "danzare" sulle note della minorchina jota, la più famosa è la "San Joan" jota. Tutto ciò si svolge nella piazza della città. Ovviamente tutti i villaggi di Minorca, in occasione di San Joan, hanno simili feste di cavalli, ed ognuna di esse possiede qualcosa di speciale e che le caratterizza in maniera unica.
Da non perdere
Il quartiere vecchio di Ciutadella. L'antica cittadella araba, le strette strade di pietra tra nobili palazzi, il porto naturale con ottimi bar e ristornati.
Mangiare
Il cibo sull'isola è molto buono - carne, pesce, frutta e verdura sono tutti locali e di buona qualità.
Dove
Cosa
Bere
Dormire
Affitto di ville
<|endoftext|>کاربردهای زبان Python و موارد استفاده آن در برنامه نویسی
پایتون یکی از زبان های برنامه نویسی پرکاربرد است که در بازار موجود است. برخی از کاربردهای متعدد زبان پایتون عبارتند از:
- طراحی سایت
- توسعه اپلیکیشن
- پیاده سازی اتوماسیون های تست فرآیند
- ساختن نرم افزار های تحت وب و کراس پلتفرم
- هوش مصنوعی و الگوریتم های پیچیده یادگیری ماشین و بسیاری از کاربرد های پیچیده دیگر...
بنابراین می توان از این زبان برنامه نویسی در تمامی سیستم عامل ها و پلتفرم های اصلی استفاده کرد. سیستم بانک اطلاعاتی پایگاه داده را نیز می توان از طریق زبان پایتون، با کدهای بسیار ساده و خوانا، با سهولت کاربرد در فرآیندهای های پیچیده توسعه نرم افزار، دسترسی داشت و از آنها بهره برد.
معرفی پایتون
پایتون در توسعه برنامههای کاربردی نرمافزار مالی و یادگیری ماشین، تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها نیز توان بسیار بالایی دارد و به این پروسه ها نیز کمک میکند. Python همچنین الگوریتم هایی را برای تشخیص الگو های تکرار ارائه میدهد که توسط ابزارهای متعددی پشتیبانی میشود، که بسیاری از فریم ورکهای ارائه شده اجازه میدهند این روند را بسیار تسهیل کند. فریم ورک های پایتون به دلیل مزایای فراوانی که دارد می تواند به نسبت بسیاری از فریم ورک های موجود که در این حوزه ها فعالیت می کنند کاربرپسندتر باشد.
کاربردهای زبان پایتون
1. برنامه های کاربردی
پایتون را می توان برای توسعه برنامه های کاربردی مختلف مانند طراحی سایت و برنامه های کاربردی وب، برنامه های کاربردی مبتنی بر رابط کاربری گرافیکی، توسعه نرم افزار، برنامه های کاربردی علمی و دیجیتال استفاده کرد. همچنین برنامه نویسی برای شبکه ها، بازی ها، برنامه های کاربردی سه بعدی و سایر برنامه های تجاری. و در نهایت، ایجاد یک رابط تعاملی و توسعه آسان برنامه.
2. پشتیبانی از چند سبک برنامه نویسی
پایتون همچنین برای ارائه پشتیبانی مداوم از بسیاری از پارادایم های برنامه نویسی و همچنین برنامه نویسی شی گرا یا Object Oriented استفاده می شود.
پایتون دارای ویژگی هایی است که از بسیاری از مفاهیم زبان برنامه نویسی تابعی یا Functional Programming را نیز پشتیبانی می کند.
پایتون برای سیستم های نوع پویا (Dynamic Type) و مدیریت حافظه خودکار استفاده می شود.
ویژگی ها و پارادایم های برنامه نویسی پایتون به شما امکان می دهد برنامه های کوچک و همچنین بزرگ را توسعه دهید، پایتون را می توان برای نرم افزارهای پیچیده نیز به خوبی استفاده کرد.
3. کتابخانه استاندارد قدرتمند
پایتون یک کتابخانه استاندارد بزرگ و قدرتمند برای استفاده در توسعه نرم افزار و طراحی وب سایت دارد و این کتابخانه غنی باعث می شود توسعه دهندگان از پایتون بیش از زبان های دیگر استفاده کنند. کتابخانه استاندارد به شما کمک میکند از مجموعههای مختلف ماژولهای موجود برای پایتون استفاده کنید، زیرا این ماژول به شما کمک میکند بدون نوشتن کد بیشتر، قابلیتهایی را اضافه کنید که در کیفیت بسیار مطلوب تر از آنچه خود می توانید توسعه دهید را در دست داشته باشید. برای کسب اطلاعات در مورد ماژول های مختلف، می توانید به مستندات کتابخانه استاندارد پایتون مراجعه کنید.
4. سازگاری پایتون با پلتفرم های اصلی
پایتون در درجه اول با پلتفرم های اصلی سازگار است که عمدتاً برای طراحی سایت ها و توسعه برنامه های مهندسی استفاده می شوند. با کمک کامپایلرهای پایتون، کدهای پایتون را حتی می توان بر روی پلتفرم ها و ابزارهای خاص نیز اجرا کرد. بسیاری از سیستم عامل ها را پشتیبانی می کند. از آنجایی که پایتون یک زبان برنامه نویسی سطح بالا است، تفسیر می شود و به شما امکان می دهد کد را بر روی چندین پلتفرم اجرا کنید.
کدهای جدید و اصلاح شده را می توان بدون کامپایل مجدد اجرا کرد و تأثیر آن را می توان به سهولت دید. این بدان معنی است که پس از هر تغییر نیازی به کامپایل مجدد کد نیست. این ویژگی به صرفه جویی در زمان توسعه برای توسعه دهندگان کمک می کند.
5. توسعه نرم افزار پیچیده را ساده کنید
فریم ورک های پایتون برای ساده کردن فرآیند توسعه نرم افزار های پیچیده و همچنین طراحی سایت های اینترنتی استفاده می شود، زیرا یک زبان برنامه نویسی با هدف استفاده ی عمومی است. پایتون برای توسعه برنامه های کاربردی پیچیده مانند برنامه های علمی، دیجیتالی، دسکتاپ و وب استفاده می شود. پایتون دارای ویژگی هایی مانند تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها (Data Analysis) و تجسم سازی و مصور سازی داده (Data Visualization) است که به ایجاد راه حل های سفارشی بدون صرف تلاش و زمان اضافی کمک می کند. این به شما کمک می کند تا داده ها را به شیوه ای کارآمد شبیه سازی و ارائه کنید.
6. بسیاری از فریم ورک ها و ابزارهای متن باز
پایتون منبع باز است، به راحتی در دسترس قرار می گیرد و این مورد به کاهش قابل توجه هزینه طراحی سایت و توسعه نرم افزار کمک می کند. برنامه های متن باز (Open-source) بسیاری از فریم ورک ها، کتابخانه ها و ابزارهای توسعه پایتون برای توسعه برنامه بدون صرف هزینه اضافی وجود دارد. فریم ورکهای پایتون فرآیند را برای توسعه برنامههای کاربردی وب ساده و سرعت میبخشند. فریم ورک های پایتون برای توسعه برنامه های کاربردی مبتنی بر رابط کاربری گرافیکی (GUI) در دسترس هستند. فریمورکهایی مانند Diango ، Flash، Pyramid و غیره که بسیار مورد توجه جامعه اوپن سورس قرار گرفته است.
7. توسعه مبتنی بر آزمون پذیرش (ATDD)
پایتون با استفاده از رویکرد توسعه مبتنی بر تست، کدنویسی و همچنین تست و آزمایش را آسانتر میکند. موارد تست را می توان به راحتی قبل از توسعه کد نوشت. هنگامی که توسعه کد شروع می شود، موارد تست کتبی می توانند همزمان شروع به آزمایش کد کنند و نتیجه را ارائه دهند. پایتون همچنین می تواند برای بررسی یا آزمایش پیش نیازها بر اساس کد منبع استفاده شود.
8. سایر برنامه هایی که از پایتون استفاده می کنند
فضاهای دیگری که پایتون در آنها استفاده می شود رباتیک، اسکریپت نویسی، هوش مصنوعی، تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها، یادگیری ماشین، تشخیص چهره، تشخیص رنگ، برنامه های کاربردی سه بعدی (CAD)، برنامه های کاربردی مبتنی بر کنسول، برنامه های کاربردی، اپلیکیشن، وب سایت ها و برنامه های کاربردی مبتنی بر صدا و تصویر یا پردازش تصویر می باشد. اینها برخی از برنامه های اصلی مورد استفاده هستند که پایتون در توسعه و طراحی آنها قدرت نمایی میکند.
نتیجه
در مقاله کاربردهای پایتون، دیدیم که پایتون یکی از زبان های اصلی است که برای توسعه برنامه های دسکتاپ، طراحی وب سایت ها و طراحی اپلیکشن ها استفاده می شود:
- پایتون دارای ویژگی هایی است که وظایف برنامه نویسی رایج را انجام می دهد.
- یادگیری و استفاده از پایتون آسان است.
- گاهی اوقات پایتون نشان می دهد که کندتر از سایر زبان های برنامه نویسی پرکاربرد مانند جاوا است.
- برنامه های پایتون می توانند به سادگی با حفظ کد های پیشین و استفاده از اجرا مجدد (Reuse کردن) از کد های سفارشی سرعت خود را افزایش دهند.
- پایتون از ماژول ها و پکیج ها پشتیبانی می کند که ماژولار بودن برنامه و استفاده مجدد از کد را به شدت موثر می کند.
- پایتون بهره وری را افزایش می دهد و آن را به اولین انتخاب برای توسعه دهندگان تبدیل می کند.
- منحنی یادگیری قابل توجهی دارد، زیرا از زبان برنامه نویسی رویه ای و کاربردی پشتیبانی می کند.
- منبع باز است و می تواند آزادانه توزیع شود. زبان برنامه نویسی عمدتا بر اساس الزامات و سازگاری با پلتفرم ها و پایگاه داده انتخاب می شود.<|endoftext|>Margarita Ibrahimoff, bilinen adıyla Rita Wilson, Amerikalı aktris.
Yunan kökenli Dorothea Genkos ve Bulgar kökenli Hasan Halilov Ibrahimoff'un kızı olarak Los Angeles'ta doğdu. Babasının ad ve soyadını 1960 yılında Allan Wilson olarak değiştirmesinin ardından o da Rita Wilson adını kullanmaya başladı.
1988'de Volunteers filminin çekimlerinde tanıştığı aktör Tom Hanks ile evlendi. Bu evlilikten Chester (Chet) Marlon ve Truman Theodore (d. 1995) adlarında 2 erkek çocuk dünyaya getirdi.<|endoftext|>Recently, I came across an interesting chapter from a book that unpacked different scenarios and their failings around participants’ fear of asking questions. While reading, I began to reflect on the nature of different organisations (within which I’ve worked and facilitated), questioning whether they have a visible culture of trust and an openness to having leadership decisions questioned.
The book in question is aptly named, Developing More Curious Minds, by John Barell. Chapter one shares several scenarios where disaster has struck but could have been avoided if questions had been asked or, in some cases, listened to. From analysing failings at Texas A&M through to the accidental bombing of the Chinese Embassy by Nato planes in the Former Yugoslavia, they all had the overlapping feature of someone being afraid to challenge a decision, or not making their case heard due to the nature of hierarchy within the organisations. Another dominant feature was the commonality of government-run administrations. Perhaps coincidence, but it alluded to the fact that being a government-run organisation, the hierarchical structure did not allow for leadership or larger decisions to be questioned. Of course, the parallel was eventually drawn to higher educational establishments. The question is around whether we should all embrace the model displayed by scientists, whereby new information and data is questioned widely across the scientific community, in order to challenge, prove, or disprove.
When analysing a bonfire collapse at Texas A&M in 1999, a commission found:
“Most importantly, the commission noted, “The university has a culture that instills bias and tunnel vision in decision making. No credible source ever suspected or thought to inquire about structural safety” (p. 37, emphasis added).” (Barell 2003)
I found it interesting that the word credible was dominant in the passage. What makes a source credible? Would a student questioning the safety of an event steeped in history and university culture be a credible source? By their very nature, educational institutions cannot exist without students, so surely they are the most credible source of all? At times they need nurturing, enlightening, or guidance, but students questioning their learning, the traditions, and history of events is a step towards ownership and development of genuine learner agency.
After the accidental bombing of the Chinese Embassy in the Former Yugoslavia, a young officer came forward to share his concerns with a wider enquiry.
“No one picked up on this officer's questions, perhaps because it was not his job. Maybe he did not sound serious enough. It is also possible that once the CIA delivered a target, it came with such an aura of authority that no one thought to question it.” (Barell 2003)
The lingering phrase, ‘perhaps it was not his job’ sends chills down my spine as I recall many situations over the years where former colleagues have announced that certain things they were being asked to do were ‘not their job’, or, ‘were not in their job description’ without proactively identifying who could provide a potential solution. In addition, the quote reinforces that we are often faced with the dilemma of wanting to question a decision, but hesitant when we analyse the power and standing of the individual or organisation that has made it. Of course, this scenario comes from a military establishment, a concept and organisation based on structure and hierarchy that has functioned for many centuries. I am not questioning the efficiency of the military in general; I question how the structure stifles curiosity on so many levels.
The chapter goes on to ask whether there are any overlaps in the areas of society that are mentioned within the specific scenarios, and you cannot help but make links across them all as governmental organisations.
“In these incidents, we have specific examples of what is occurring in society and in schools: Not enough people are asking questions or voicing their suspicions or apprehensions about policy, practice, and performance.” (Barell 2003)
As governance within the education sector develops, and more individuals begin to gain and further their understanding of distributed leadership, curiosity has grown. But it made me begin to wonder, what of those in cultures of school leadership that is top-down led? If educators and learners question current practice and the reasoning behind decisions that are made, are they deemed troublemakers, or worse, non-conformists? I have written at length about lone nuts, disruptors, and first-followers, struggling against established closed mindsets that live by the ‘That’s-What-We’ve-Always-Done’ self imposed rules. Is it fair to be labelled by leadership as a disruptor (and the often negative connotations) because you have the tenacity and drive to question the practice you are being asked to use? This can lead to those ‘car park conversations’, the conversations that people have when they are made to feel they cannot question the status quo, and to derision, and the emergence of more negative disruptors — those who dare to challenge the hierarchical authority of the ‘decision makers’. Surely this shows a clear reason for developing shared understandings across all levels, roles, and within the community of learners?
Curiosity and awe and
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拥有此PG资格证书可帮助已经在医疗保健行业工作的专业人员或渴望在医疗保健行业寻求职业的人。本课程最适合医疗保健专业人员，医院行政人员，经理，主管，医务人员，医生，护士，护理人员和医院，诊所和药房的支持人员，以获取有效的医疗保健管理原则，这对于领先的医院和医疗保健至关重要公司。由于该地区不断发展的医疗保健行业对训练有素的专业人员的需求不断增长，许多国 ... +
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近年来，由于 MRSA、猪流感和埃博拉等传染性爆发，对感染控制课程的需求有所增加，这凸显了对更有效的感染控制的需求。这种 100% 在线和兼职 PG Dip 感染控制旨在让医疗保健专业人员全面了解医院、社会护理和社区环境中的传染病控制和预防。此在线 PG Dip 深入探讨了感染控制中的关键主题，包括微生物学、免疫学、公共卫生和传染病控制。您将全面了 ... +
在线获得家庭医学研究生文凭和理学硕士学位 与英国皇家全科医师学院 (RCGP) 协调制定课程和评估的欧盟学位。 当今的医疗保健挑战，无论是加强医疗系统、提高患者护理质量还是增加医疗保健的可及性，都需要强大的初级保健。 强大的初级保健需要有能力的家庭医生，他们具有前瞻性并热衷于与初级和二级保健中的患者和其他卫生专业人员建立新的关系。为了应对全球人口健 ... +
俄亥俄州托莱多 2 年医疗助理职业培训 您是否注重细节并喜欢与团队合作？您可以将帮助他人的热情转化为有益的医疗事业。 Davis College的医疗助理计划让您在各种医疗环境中走向更光明的未来。 成为一名医疗助理专业人士 医疗助理专业人员是许多医疗团队的重要成员，确保以高标准完成重要的医疗程序。他们负责各种基本职责，包括协助医生进行患者检查、小手 ... +
这个为期 85 周的 PGDNP 计划旨在根据注册护士 (RN)、执业护士 (LPN)、执业护士 (LPN)、实践和道德准则。此外，它将帮助学习者提高作为医疗保健助理 (HCA)、LPN 和/或 RN 有效运作所必需的知识、技能和态度，以及培养批判性思维技能并获得知识，从而成为一名有文化能力的护士在提供护理的同时。它还将为加拿大护士英语语言基准评估 ... +
该计划旨在为学生提供视力保健方面的专业知识和当代知识，技术能力和操作技能，以满足患有各种视力障碍或不适的人们的不同健康需求，并满足不断增长的眼保健服务市场和人力需求。香港。该计划还提供专门的培训和验光与眼科基本知识，以作为眼保健助理或验光助理在准专业水平上护理人们，他们可以提供优质的客户服务和患者护理支持，并有信心在计划和提供眼科时认真思考护理服务 ... +
每天都会收集，记录，审查和传输有关加拿大人的个人健康信息。只能借助现有的最佳信息来做出影响卫生服务的明智决策。健康信息管理的作用不仅限于管理健康记录，还包括管理那些记录中包含的信息。利用计算机技能和医疗保健基础知识，可以将关键医疗信息从患者的健康记录转换为符合国家数据标准的数据。然后，健康信息管理专业人员将对数据进行解释，以为患者护理，资源分配，统 ... +
学生已准备好从事生物医学领域的实验室技术员的职业。该计划的基础是跨多种学科（包括生物学，化学和物理学）的实验技术和科学设备的使用。该学科的理论和实践方面都受到同等重视。毕业后，学生将能够进行各种各样的实验和测定法来回答与临床相关的科学问题。 ... +
为学生提供在复杂的医疗保健环境中胜任职业治疗师助理和物理治疗师助理（OTA和PTA）的职能所必需的理论知识和实践技能。他们准备在职业治疗师和物理治疗师的监督下工作，并与他们合作，并协助治疗师传授和帮助客户有效地应对康复期间和之后的运动和日常功能（临时性或永久性）的局限性。 ... +<|endoftext|>Cave art that had been created in the Paleolithic age is thought to be the world's first attempt at producing a moving picture, not a muddled mess of limbs and heads.
In cave paintings across France, animals appear to have multiple limbs, heads and tails — but, according to archaeologist Marc Azéma of the University of Toulouse–Le Mirail, who has spent over 20 years studying the phenomenon, the paintings are actually primitive animations. When viewed under the unsteady light of flickering flames, the images can appear to move.
The ingenuity of our Stone Age ancestors isn't limited to cave walls, either. Although the thaumatrope (a disc or card with a different image on each side that is threaded on a string and is then spun to blur the images into one) wasn't technically invented until 1824, French artist Florent Rivère found that Paleolithic people used similar objects.
The bone discs with different images on each side were previously thought to be buttons, but, when Azéma and Rivère threaded them on strings and spun them, they saw animated images.
Check out the video below to see how the cave paintings would have appeared animated.<|endoftext|>چیز کیک پسته و شکلات
مواد لازم
صد و پنجاه گرم کره آب شده، سیصد گرم بیسکوئیت، چهارصد گرم پنیر خامه ای، سیصد گرم خامه فرم گرفته، هفتاد و پنج گرم پودر قند، سیصد گرم شکلات سفید آب شده، صد گرم کرم پسته نوحا
مواد لازم برای تزئین
بیست و پنج گرم پسته خرد شده، پنجاه گرم شکلات آب شده، مقداری خامه فرم گرفته.
طرز تهیه
بیسکوئیت ها را خرد کنید و داخل ظرف غذاساز بریزید. دستگاه را روشن کنید تا بیسکوئیت ها کاملا خرد شوند. سپس آنها را داخل یک کاسه بریزید. حالا کره را اضافه کنید و هم بزنید تا بیسکوئیت و کره خوب با هم مخلوط شوند. قالب را با کاغذ روغنی بپوشانید، سپس مخلوط را داخل آن بریزید و خوب پخش کنید. مخلوط را با پشت قاشق داخل قالب فشار دهید تا یک لایه تشکیل شود. قالب را حدود سی دقیقه داخل یخچال بگذارید.
در این میان در یک کاسه پنیر خامه ای را بریزید و آن را با همزن خوب بزنید تا یکدست شود. سپس خامه و پودر قند را بریزید و به هم زدن ادامه دهید. حالا باید شکلات سفید آب شده و سرد را همراه با کرم پسته اضافه کنید و به هم زدن ادامه دهید تا لایه چیز کیک آماده شود.
بعد از این که لایه داخل قالب کاملا سفت شد، لایه چیز کیک را روی آن بریزید، سپس قالب را دوباره داخل یخچال قرار دهید تا مواد کاملا سفت شوند.
بعد از آماده شدن چیز کیک آن را با شکلات آب شده، خامه فرم گرفته و مقداری پسته خرد شده تزیین و سرو کنید.<|endoftext|>Hello, Excellers I am excited to share with you some cool VBA Macro fun. I find this a really useful macro which uses the Excel For Loop to list all files in a folder or directory. Similarly, we can also extract extra attributes about the files we are interested in such as the size, the date last modified and by who if we so wish. Similarly, if you have multiple files and folders you can use this method to carry out some housekeeping on folders and subfolders. Use it to see details of how many files and sometimes duplicating or older files you have. It is just simply a great way to list all files in a directory.
If you prefer to use a non-VBA or Excel Macro version of this process then you can check out my #formulafriday blog post here which uses the FILES function to extract a list of files in a folder. So, this is where we have a bit of fun with VBA so let’s get back to some awesome code and learn to use the Excel For Loop.
How Does The Macro Work?.
The Macro uses the Excel For Loop which is probably one of the most powerful programming techniques. The For Loop is typically used to move sequentially through a list of items or numbers.
First of all, we start this Macro by opening the Excel Visual Basic Editor. You can either do this by hitting ALT+F11 or by selecting the Developer Tab | Visual Basic. This allows us to Insert a new Module to store our VBA code. We have two choices as to where to store the code. If we want to only use this code in this particular workbook then select to insert a Module within this workbook. While, in contrast, if you want to be able to reuse the code then insert the new Module into the Personal Macro Workbook. The Excel VBA code stored in your Personal Macro workbook will be made available in any active Excel session that you open. As a result, it is really easy to keep all off your Excel VBA Macro’s together in one place.
More Information About Your Personal Macro Workbook
So, feel free to read more about using your Personal Macro Workbook in my recommended blog posts below.
Starting The Macro
Next, type Sub then the name of your Macro, in this example, I am naming it ListAllFiles
Notice Excel will insert the End Sub automatically for us to end the Sub Routine – or Macro
First of all, we need to declare a number of variables. This action simply creates a memory container in Excel for these values.
Add A New Worksheet To The Current Workbook.
Excel adds a new worksheet object to store the list of files detailed in the directory. This is added to the active workbook.
Retrieve The Folder Object Associated With The Directory
This is where we set the file path which we will use to list all files in a directory. In this example, we are setting it to the C:\ directory. This can be changed as the user requires.
Loop Through All Of The Files In The Folder – Using the Excel For Loop
So, now we instruct Excel to loop through all files in the folder. We insert the name of the files into the newly created worksheet.
A Final Clean Up
Finally, this code now releases these values from Excel’s memory
The End Of The Routine.
Consequently, the routine now ends once Excel has looped through all files in the specified directory.
Putting All Of The VBA Code Together And Running The Macro
So, this is my favourite part of the whole process. Getting to test the code. Select the Macro from the drop-down list in the Macro Group in the Developer Tab. You can now use the Excel For Loop to list all files in a directory.
Copy The VBA Macro Code.
Here is all of the code in one place.
What Next? Want More Tips?
So, if you want more tips then sign up for my Monthly Newsletter where I share 3 Tips on the first Wednesday of the month and receive my free Ebook, 30 Excel Tips.
If you want to see all of the blog posts in the Macro Monday series. Click on the link below
Do You Need Help With An Excel Problem?.
Finally, I am pleased to announce I have teamed up with Excel Rescue, where you can get help FAST. All you need to do is choose the Excel task that most closely describes what you need to be done. Above all, there is a money back guarantee and similarly Security and Non-Disclosure Agreements. Try It!. So, do you need Help With An Excel VBA Macro?. Of course, you don’t need to ask how to list all files in a directory as it is right here for free.<|endoftext|>تحریم های اتحادیه اروپا علیه روسیه باید پابرجا بماند
وزیر امورخارجه لیتوانی در سخنانی با اشاره به اوضاع ناآرام در اوکراین خواستار پابرجا ماندن تحریم های اتحادیه اروپا علیه روسیه شد.
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر، «لیناس لینکویسیوس» وزیر امورخارجه لیتوانی در گفتگو با رویترز اظهار داشت: نا آرامی های ادامه دار در اوکراین سبب نگرانی شده و در این راستا راه حلی که به ذهن می رسد این است که اتحادیه اروپا به تحریم های خود علیه روسیه ادامه دهد.
این در حالی است که اسلواکی که ریاست دوره ای اتحادیه اروپا را بر عهده دارد درخواست هایی مبنی بر لغو تحریم های روسیه ارائه داده که مورد مخالفت قرار گرفت. در این راستا «روبرتو فیکو» وزیر امورخارجه اسلواکی تداوم تحریم های اروپا علیه روسیه را به نفع اروپا ندانست.
وزیر امورخارجه لیتوانی در عین حال معتقد است که تداوم تحریم ها می تواند در تسریع برقراری آرامش در اوکراین تاثیر داشته باشد.<|endoftext|>Orizzonte: Proibito ad ovest per PlayStation 5 ha acquisito modelli migliori, miglioramento dell'animazione del viso, migliorando significativamente i dettagli ambientali, una varietà di vegetazione, migliorata la fisica dell'acqua con le onde. Alla fine della scorsa settimana, Guerrilla Games Studio ha pubblicato una grande dimostrazione del processo di gioco dell'Avventura Action Horizon: proibito ad ovest per la console di PlayStation sul canale Elanaalistadebits, che ha circa mezzo milione di abbonati, ha smontato attentamente una dimostrazione e confrontato Nuovo gioco con Horizon Zero Dawn per PlayStation 4.
Per cominciare, è notato che il gameplay sulla PlayStation 5 è registrato nella risoluzione di 2160p a 30 k / s. Il gioco dovrebbe funzionare nella risoluzione nativa di 4K, presumibilmente, a 60 k / s.
Durante il confronto, è stato confermato che orizzonte: proibito ad ovest per PlayStation 5 ha ricevuto modelli di migliore qualità, miglioramento dell'animazione del viso, significativamente aumentato i dettagli ambientali, una varietà di vegetazione, una migliore fisica dell'acqua con le onde, mentre gli autori della revisione non hanno visto Le tracce dei raggi (riflessioni sull'acqua sono implementate metodi più semplici).
Inoltre, il nuovo gioco ha ricevuto migliori ombre e sistema di illuminazione, migliorato il modello fisico, più tipi di animazione del personaggio principale.
Orizzonte: Vi Proibito ad ovest dovrebbe uscire nella seconda metà di quest'anno.<|endoftext|>نشنال اینترست در مقاله بلندی به قلم مایکل روبین تحلیلگر ارشد مسائل خاورمیانه در اندیشکده آمریکن اینترپرایز، با طرح این پرسش که «چشم انداز یک جنگ داخلی در ایران چگونه خواهد بود؟»، می نویسد وقتی حکومت یک کشور ضعیف می شود یا از هم فرو می پاشد، اقلیتهای
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شعر. ترانه های یگانه پر است از وزن ها و بحرهای مختلف و ترکیب های هجایی متنوعی که یک ترانه سرا نمی تواند مستقل از آهنگساز، ریسک ساختن آن ها را به جان بخرد؛ چرا که ممکن است ترانه اش تا ابد به فروش نرسد. تا زمانی که روابط بین ترانه سرا و آهنگساز تا این حد مسموم است، اگر یگانه هم سراغ ترانه سراهای دیگر برود احتمالاً یکی می شود مثل بقیه.
2. اگر می گویم یگانه برای حل مشکلات ترانه هایش بهتر است مطالعه کند، دلیل دومی هم وجود دارد و آن اینکه اگر قرار باشد یگانه با سطح سوادی که امروز از ادبیات دارد به سراغ ترانه سراهای حرفه ای برود، طبیعتاً یا کورکورانه و بدون فهم ترانه انتخاب خواهد کرد یا ترانه ای انتخاب خواهد کرد که در سطح ترانه های خودش باشد و نه بیشتر؛ چرا که از دنیای فراتر از دنیای خود با خبر نیست. بنابراین حتی اگر قرار باشد یگانه با دیگران همکاری کند باز هم بهتر است این همکاری موکول شود به زمانی که سطح سواد ادبی خود را افزایش داده است، آن هم بسیار زیاد.
ایرادات عمده ای که در ترانه های آلبوم حباب به چشم می خورد ایراداتی هستند که از اول با یگانه همراه بوده اند و هیچ گاه ترانه های او را ترک نکرده اند. که مسلماً دلیل این همه تکرار این ایرادات چیزی جز این نیست که هنوز یگانه اراده ی لازم برای بهتر شدن در ترانه سرایی را ندارد. با امید به اینکه چنین اراده ای برای او محقق شود به بررسی برخی از ایرادات همیشگی ترانه های یگانه می پردازم:
• تغییر فضاهای ناگهانی مشکلی بوده که همیشه در ترانه های یگانه دیده می شده و در این آلبوم هم پابرجاست. اینکه در یک ترانه ناگهان فضای عاشقانه ی محض تبدیل به یک فضای واسوخت می شود و یا فضای زبانی روشنفکرانه ناگهان جایش را به فضای عامیانه محض می دهد اصلاً قابل پذیرش نیست. نمونه ی بارز چنین ناهماهنگی هایی در آلبوم «رگ خواب» و ترانه ی «یک آسمون آبی» دیده می شود. جایی که ترانه با تعابیر شاعرانه و روشنفکرانه آغاز می شود و ناگهان فضای عامیانه بر ترانه غالب می شود. یا ترانه ی فوق العاده ی «حباب» که در ترجیع بند ناگهان نوع جهان بینی شاعر و فضای زبانی شعر تغییر ناخوشایندی پیدا می کند. (ایرادات ترجیع بند حباب یکی - دو تا نیست. در ادامه بیشتر بحث خواهد شد). البته بر خلاف باور عامه ی مردم، فضای عامیانه به خودی خود اصلاً ضعف نیست، کما اینکه آثار فاخری از شاملو و دهخدا در کوچه بازاری ترین تعابیر و فضاهای ممکن ساخته و پرداخته شده اند. ولی آن چه مهم است یکدستی فضا و حفظ یکپارچگی زبانی در بدنه ی یک اثر ادبی ست. این یکدستی در ترانه های «دوستت دارم» و «هوایی شدی» به خوبی رعایت شده. اگرچه شاید مخاطب عادی این دو ترانه را ضعیف قلمداد کند ولی حقیقت این است که این دو ترانه کاملاً یکدست و سالم هستند و اگر قوی نباشند، قطعاً ضعیف هم نیستند.
• مشکل بعدی حشوهایی ست که مکرراً در کارهای یگانه به تبعیت از ملودی شکل می گیرد. متأسفانه این مشکل بارها تکرار شده و ذکر مثال های آن واقعاً از حوصله ی این مطلب خارج است. فعلاً فقط می خواهم صادقانه از محسن یگانه درخواست کنم با وسواس بیشتری کلمات را انتخاب کند. در ادبیات هر کلمه یک فرصت غیرقابل برگشت است که باید بار گرانی را بر دوش بکشد و هرگز نباید به آسانی از دست برود. قیدها، شناسه ها، صفات و حتی حروف ربط و حروف اضافه، بارها بی دلیل در ترانه های یگانه استفاده شده اند. طی مطلبی مفصل که فعلاً آن را منتشر نکرده ام تعداد بی شماری از حشوهای محسن یگانه را جمع آوری کرده ام.
به این بیت از تک آهنگ قلب یخی توجه کنید:
" با اینکه زندگی باهام خوب تا نکرد / نبودن تو رو از من جدا نکرد
ویلون کوچه هام دنبال کی برم / چون بعد تو همش فکر مقصرم "
«با اینکه» در مصرع اول و «چون» در مصرع چهارم، حشو قبیح است و اصلاً معنای بیت را دچار سردرگمی کرده است. از این دست حشوهای ضربه زننده که نقشی جز پر کردن جاهای خالی ملودی ندارند و به رساندن مفهوم ضربه می زنند در کارهای یگانه بسیار زیاد دیده می شود و البته در حباب اگرچه این حشو های ضربه زننده کم شده ولی هنوز هست. نوع دیگری از حشوهایی که در حباب زیاد با آن رو به رو هستیم حشوهایی هستند که اگرچه به انتقال معنای بیت ها ضربه نمی زند اما معنایی هم به بیت اضافه نمی کنند... به ذکر دو مثال بسنده می کنم:
تو ظاهرش تو دوستی: «تو» با توجه به حضور قرینه حشو است
نه امشب که هر شب که حالم خرابه: «که» ی دوم حشو است
• ضعف تألیف یکی دیگر از ایرادات یگانه است که هیچ دلیلی نمی تواند داشته باشد جز عدم سختگیری. بارها دیده شده که حتی در برخی از محبوب ترین آثار یگانه (از نظر موسیقی) برخی بیت ها به قدری تأویل پذیر هستند که فقط خود یگانه دقیقا می فهمد چه می خواسته بگوید. بیت هایی که واقعاً مصداق «المعنا فی بطن شاعر» هستند! به ذکر چند نمونه ی معروف در کارنامه ی یگانه بسنده می کنم:
آلبوم نفس های بی هدف قطعه ی «گناهی ندارم»:
" برای دل من واسه جسم خسته م / منی که غرورُ تو چشمات شکستم"
خُب، برای دل من چی؟ برای دل من خوب است؟ بد است؟ اگر بخواهیم بیت بعدی را هم در نظر بگیریم، باز هم ضعف تألیف پوشیده نمی شود. در واقع اگر از جمله های ربطی و عطفی صرف نظر کنیم، اصل جمله این می شود: برای دل من قسمت اینه که چشمای کورم به راهت بشینه... اما این معنای در بطن شاعر کجا و آن چه شعر منتقل می کند کجا.
آلبوم رگ خواب / قطعه ی «سکوت»:
" نمی خوام مثل گذشته که رفتی / دوباره آخر قصه همین شه "
همین چی؟ همین کی؟ قرینه ی همین کجاست؟ کیست؟ چیست؟
• مشکل بعدی، ترکیب های محدود کننده است. در نقدی که بر «رگ خواب» نوشتم هم توضیح دادم که مخاطب موسیقی، مخاطب عام با طیف احساسات متنوع است و ترانه باید از شر ترکیباتی که مانع از همذات پنداری مخاطب می شود راحت باشد. در آلبوم حباب باز هم چنین تعابیری را می بینیم.
قطعه ی «بخند»: این عشق یک طرفه من رو کشونده تو خیابونا...
شما تصور کنید ترکیب عشق یک طرفه از این قطعه حذف می شد، چه طیف وسیعی از مردم می توانستند با حس جاری در این ترانه ارتباط برقرار کنند. هر کس به هر دلیلی تجربه ی گریه ی زیر باران را داشت، تحت تاثیر این ترانه قرار می گرفت. ولی وقتی ترکیب «عشق یک طرفه» وارد ترانه می شود، بخش عظیمی از مخاطبان ریزش می کنند و فقط کسانی می مانند که به خاطر تجربه ی «عشق یک طرفه» زیر باران گریه کرده اند!!
• ایرادات فرمی هم از جمله مشکلاتی است که همیشه یگانه به آن ها تن داده و متأسفانه هنوز بعد از این همه سال تجربه ی ترانه سرایی، می بینیم در ترجیع بند قطعه ی حباب قافیه رها شده است. «حباب» را شاهکار کارنامه ی ترانه سرایی یگانه می دانم. این ترانه ی فوق العاده بدون رقیب بهترین ترانه ایست که از یگانه سر زده. متعجبم که چطور و به چه بهایی محسن یگانه حاضر شده این شعر قوی را به ایراد قافیه آلوده کند. گاهی در یک قطعه یک بیت با ایراد قافیه آنقدر زیباست و آنقدر از بدنه ی اصلی ترانه فراتر است که از ایراد قافیه می توان چشم پوشی کرد. اما درد اینجاست که در ترانه ی حباب همه ی بیت ها عالی هستند و دقیقاً بیتی که ایراد قافیه دارد بسیار ضعیف است! در این ترجیع بند تغییر فضا و تغییر جهان بینی ناگهانی همراه شده با ایراد قافیه. واقعاً چرا؟<|endoftext|>Some things to consider:
1) There's no BEST introductory language. You could say this is a fallacy. As for the opinions of you guys, and the article it's clear that everyone has his/her favourite option, which is quite logical.
2) Since I'm still in university, and learning as well, I could give my opinion on this. When I started we used pseudocode and diagrams to create and design the programs that later we implemented with Pascal. During the second four month period (that'll be a semester for you, I think) we learned Java (simple, almost without classes) and assembly (a virtual machine with only 4 instructions and then 8085 assembly). This is my third year, and since then we've learned C++ and a bit of C for an optional subject. Oh, yeah, I forgot, add Unix shell and VI control 'codes'
It's my opinion that Pascal is a good option for starters. You could also throw Delphi in the mix to help people understand classes and all the mess in a familiar language. Also, I feel that C++ should come before Java, but that's a personal opinion. I feel that classes and objects are easier to understand in C++ than in Java, and even then, I still have some problems (solved with some more time reading the theory and writing code)
3) Some simple languages (AutoHotkey, AutoIt, foobar's 'Tagz') are good options to immerse yourself into the programming world, but 'true' language are also needed.
4) The article is quite biased, and contradictory to boot. The guy uses Perl as its main language, and he also recommends it. Oh yeah, what an objective point of view. Then he says that universities like to use the hottest language available to teach people how to program, which is false (in my own experiences), and the he recommend Perl, Ruby and Python, which, incidentally, are the hottest languages around (Ubuntu is implemented in Python, even the kernel, the Internet runs on Rails, and Perl, well, it's Perl
I feel, that, just as it happens with real languages (English and such, ya know
), the more you know, the better. Oh, and I really don't recommend Visual Basic for learning anything. It's a really bad option<|endoftext|>What is the CGIAR Research Program on Livestock and Fish doing to develop capacity to enhance smallholder agricultural value chains in Asia, Africa and Latin America?
Niko Pirosmani, Farmer with a Bull, 1916 (via Wikiart).
Take a look at this wonderfully animated 6-minute video to find out.
As you’ll learn from the video, the CGIAR Livestock and Fish Research Program is being implemented by four CGIAR centres:
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), the lead centre, is based in Kenya
- WorldFish, in Malaysia
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), in Colombia
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), formerly in Syria, now moved to Jordan and elsewhere due to the ongoing conflicts in Syria
The program is helping small-scale livestock and fish producers to intensify and commercialize their production, processing and marketing activities.
The Livestock and Fish program is working largely…
View original post 141 more words<|endoftext|>687: Dimensional Analysis
Title text: Or the pressure at the Earth's core will rise slightly.
Cueball has a hobby — showing correct calculations according to the dimensional analysis — but with ridiculous correlations of uncorrelated events and measurements. Here Cueball is teaching a class and uses this trick to convince his students that the Toyota Prius combined EPA gas mileage is somehow connected to the constant Pi via the Planck energy, the pressure at the earth's core and the width of the English Channel.
Scientists — often physicists — use dimensional analysis to quickly check if a given formula can possibly relate to a physical system, because if you end up with an equation claiming that joules are meters, something is clearly wrong. Dimensional analysis here refers to the check if both sides of the equation arrive at the same physical unit when the units of all variables get plugged into the equation. This requires knowledge of the system of units and the relation between different physical units.
Cueball uses the following equation to make a mockery of the practice:
(Planck energy) / (Pressure at the core of the earth) * (Prius combined EPA gas mileage) / (minimum width of the English Channel) = π
Dimensional analysis
The right hand side is dimensionless, it's the constant π = 3.14... which is defined by the relation of two lengths, the circumference and the diameter of a circle. The left hand side requires to plug in the dimensions of the named physical quantities:
- Planck energy: given in Joules [J]
- Pressure at the core of the earth: Given in Pascals [Pa]
- Prius combined EPA gas mileage: gallons/mile, cubic meters/meter [l/m]
Fuel efficiency has two formats that are commonly used: length/volume and volume/length. The former must be used here in order to get the units to cancel correctly.
- minimum width of the English channel: meters [m]
When plugged into the left hand side this amounts to:
[J / Pa * (m/l) / m] = [Nm / (N/m²) * (m/m³) / m] = 1
Using the following unit relations (this does not reduce units to the seven SI units, but does use some derived units):
- 1 Joule = 1 Newton-meter [J] = [Nm]
- 1 Pascal = 1 Newton per square-meter [Pa] = [N/m²]
- 1 cubic-metre = 1000 litres [m³] = 1000 [l]
Note that for dimensional analysis constant factors are not taken into account. Here square brackets are used to denote dimensional analysis. In the above equation the unit of force (newton) as well as all the units of length (meter) cancel out each other.
Another aspect of the comic is, that sometimes dimension analysis of equations that were not derived but rather "made up" can provide insight. However, in reality such an equations would have to be somehow "motivated", which is more of an art than science and requires great experience in the field the equation should relate to. The presented equation combines values that have no immediate causal relation with each other, so it does not make sense. Furthermore, since the values have absolutely no causal relation to each other, the ratios presented are simple coincidence; despite Cueball's claim, building a better Prius would not cause any changes to the English Channel.
The title text also refers to this, as a higher pressure at Earth's core could also balance the equation, keeping the result constant equal to Pi. The Planck energy is an absolute, however, so it is not mentioned as a way to balance the next version of Prius.
Some numbers for this calculation
The Planck energy is the only nearly exact value we do have. Compared to other Planck values it is very large (macroscopic).
E_planck = 1.956 x 109 J = 1.956 x 109 Nm
Pressure at the core of the earth ranges from 330 to 360 gigapascals. Using a simple value like this:
P_core = 350 GPa = 3.5 x 1011 N/m²
Prius combined EPA gas mileage: For the third generation (from 2010) the City mileage is 51 mpg and the Highway mileage is 48 mpg. But it is the combined EPA gas mileage which is used in the equation and that is 50 mpg.
50 mpg => 13.2 miles per litre => 21,000,000 meter per m³
Minimum width of the English Channel is about
33.1 km or 33,100 meters.
Calculating from these values you will get π=3.54... that is pretty close to π=3.14... while using a Planck value. According to Cueball this will be within the experimental error (the combined error for all four numbers - none are exact numbers). For instance if you tried the ePrius you would probably get closer to that target — as the mileage in real life usually is somewhat lower than the value given — and that would reduce the result.
- My Hobby:
- Abusing dimensional analysis
- [On a blackboard.]
- (Planck energy/Pressure at the Earth's core) x (Prius combined EPA gas mileage/Minimum width of the English Channel) = π
- [Cueball indicates this equation with a pointer in front of a class.]
- Cueball: It's correct to within experimental error, and the units check out. It must be a fundamental law.
- Student: But what if they build a better Prius?
- Cueball: Then England will drift out to sea.
add a comment! ⋅ refresh comments!<|endoftext|>What to Expect At Your Child’s Speech Therapy Evaluation
A common question we often hear as speech therapists both in and out of the clinic setting is, “Does my child need speech therapy?” The most common concerns prompting this question can range from “I can’t understand my child,” to “My child is not talking as much as their peers,” to “My child just doesn’t seem to understand what I am saying,” and even “My child has difficulty eating.” If you have found that you have similar concerns about your child’s speech and language development it may be time to consider a comprehensive speech and language evaluation. Oftentimes having your child evaluated can seem daunting and overwhelming. And that’s ok! Read on to learn what to expect from your child’s evaluation and how a speech therapist can help.
What Does a Speech Therapist Do?
Speech Therapists or Speech-Language Pathologists (SLP’s) can help with so much more than just producing sounds correctly. While that can be a big part of a speech therapist’s job, SLP’s can work with your child in many other areas including:
Expressive Language: how your child uses words to express himself/herself
Receptive Language
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Healthy aquarium fish will always look hungry. In fact, a good way to test the health of the aquarium fish at your local fish store is to simply put your hand over the aquarium. In a good store where they feed their fish regularly – it takes a few days for the fish to get the idea, and there will always be aquariums of new fish in any local fish store that won’t immediately respond in this manner – should come rushing up to the surface in anticipation of food.
The cardinal rule when it comes to feeding your aquarium fish is to make sure they eat everything you feed them. Usually, this is put in terms of “all they can eat in ‘X’ minutes,” where “X” is a number between three and five. My opinion is that “X” should be .5 – yes, that’s right – half a minute. If your aquarium fish have really cleaned up all the food in half a minute, then it’s all right to give them the same amount of food again. Feeding your aquarium fish like that once a day is fine – if you want to feed them twice a day, or even more frequently, that’s fine, too – as long as they eat it all in half a minute.
Even without lots of aquatic plants, aquarium fish are fine without fish food for a week. In fact, one of the best things you can do for your aquarium fish is to not feed them one day a week. My aquarium fish often will go unfed two or even three days in a week.
All of the prepared fish foods that are available in your local fish store are high in quality and provide good nutrition for your aquarium fish. You should supplement the diet of dry prepared fish foods with some frozen or freeze-dried fish foods three or four times a week. It’s also a good idea to use a number of different dry prepared fish foods. For example, the aquarium fish in my 300-gallon display aquarium get fed three different dry foods – spirulina algae wafers, high-protein shrimp pellets, and frozen mysis shrimp and bloodworms. The aquarium fish are fed once a day, five days a week.
The bottom line is to feed your aquarium fish a varied diet, feed them only as much as they eat in half a minute, and don’t feed them at all one day a week.
The reason that overfeeding is a very bad thing for your aquarium fish is that it pollutes the aquarium if there is uneaten fish food left to decay on the bottom of the aquarium. Uneaten fish food just adds to the ammonia levels of the aquarium, and it can very easily result in more bacteria than the nitrogen cycle can handle. It’s like when the bowl of fruit you have sitting out on the kitchen table goes uneaten.<|endoftext|>Balarısı, yaban arısı ve hornet zehiri özü sıkıntısı alerjistleri vardır.
Ekstrakt, bu böceklerin sokması muhtemel, yaşamı tehdit eden alerjisi olan kişilere davranır. Sokmaya karşı toleransı arttırmak için immünoterapi çekimlerinde verilir.
CNN'ye göre, ekstraktı üreten iki şirketten birindeki imalat problemleri ABD tedarikini yüzde 35'e kadar azaltmıştır.
Araştırmacıların yaz mevsiminde devam etmesi bekleniyor - en yüksek acı mevsiminde, araştırmacılar uyardı.
"Allerji immünoterapisi, sahip olduğumuz en iyi tedavilerden biridir. Bu tedavi, hastaların% 99'unda koruyucu olabilir. Bu nedenle, tedavi edilemeyen veya tedavisi gecikmiş hastalar için, bu korkutucu ve açık hava aktivitesi seviyelerini sınırlayabilir. Juan Guarderas dedi. Gainesville'deki Florida Sağlık Allerji Üniversitesi'nde bir allerjist-immünolog.
Kıtlığa rağmen, hastalar hala tedavi görüyor, alerji uzmanları bir üniversite haber bülteninde belirtildi.
Mario Rodenas-Medine, “paniğe gerek yok” dedi. Hasta bakımı etkilenmedi. Kıtlığa rağmen kaynakların olduğunun farkında olmalıyız. ” UF Koleji'nde bir alerji ve klinik immünoloji profesörüdür.
Doktorlar, alerjisi olan hastaların güncel epinefrin enjektörlerini (EpiPens) kullanışlı tutmaları gerektiğini söyledi.
Amerikan Alerji, Astım ve İmmünoloji Akademisi ve Amerikan Alerji, Astım ve İmmünoloji Akademisi, ekstrelerin bakım dozlarını azaltmayı, çekimler arasındaki süreyi artırmayı ve kötü reaksiyon riski altındaki hastalar için tedaviyi geciktirmeyi önermektedir.
Rodenas-Medina, "Çalışkan olmalıyız ve bu ekstrelerin yanlış kullanımı konusunda dikkatli olmalıyız çünkü şu anda çok değerlidirler." Dedi.<|endoftext|>该计划包括来自世界各地的约 40 部冲浪短片和长片，其中许多影片是在全球首次亮相。
参赛影片通过与冲浪有关的故事探讨各种主题，如传奇海浪和冲浪地点、社会问题、克服精神和身体残疾、冲浪板制作工艺、精神、可持续性和生活方式。
里斯本冲浪电影节（Surf at Lisbon，简称 SAL）是一年一度的电影节，创办于 2012 年夏天，其核心目标是通过与冲浪相关的电影拍摄，为人们对冲浪的理解提供另一种思路，"目的是拯救冲浪本身有些迷失的灵魂"，SAL 网站如是说。
电影节将以本-格列佛（Ben Gulliver，美国）的影片《万福玛丽亚》正式开幕，并以已故的索尼-米勒（Sonny Miller，美国）重新制作的经典影片《寻找汤姆-库伦》（Searching for Tom Curren）的锁定仪式结束。
里卡多-贡萨尔维斯（Ricardo Gonçalves）与路易斯-纳西门托（Luís Nascimento）和亚历山大-桑托斯（Alexandre Santos）共同组织了这次活动，他指出，之所以选择闭幕影片，"是因为我们重视冲浪电影摄影的遗产和经典。展示正在进行的工作以及这些工作的源头非常重要"。
本届电影节将展示众多国内外优秀影片，包括 13 部葡萄牙影片和 29 部国际影片，分别来自西班牙、法国、澳大利亚、莫桑比克、美国、英国、意大利、南非、比利时、摩洛哥、冰岛和夏威夷。
评委会将颁发最佳长片和短片奖、国家制作奖、剪辑奖、摄影奖、配乐奖以及促进可持续发展奖。
与近几年一样，与冲浪相关的艺术、手工艺品和音乐展览也将作为活动的补充。今年，SAL 将举办来自Malory Knox Surfers和Perfect Designs的展览以及Bradford Ballons 的现场音乐会。
欲了解更多信息和购买门票，请访问：里斯本冲浪节
With a passion for surfing and writing, Yariv Kav moved to Portugal´s wave capital from his native Israel. He was awarded a Bachelor of Laws from the University of Manchester back when Oasis was still cool, and a diploma with distinction from the London School of Journalism in Feature and Freelance Writing. Loves travel, languages and human stories.<|endoftext|>Dirty White Boy (2013) izle
Dirty White Boy türkçe dublaj
"Dirty White Boy", merkezinde Russell Jones (Wu Tang Clan grubundan tanıdığımız, diğer bilinen rumuzuyla -Ol' Dirty Bastard-) ve Jarred Wesifeld'in bulunduğu bir dram. Video Hits One kanalında bir stajyerken Wesifeld'in nasıl bir menejere dönüştüğünün hikayesini aktarıyor "Dirty White Boy" filmi. Gün gelecek ve ölümünden önceki süreçte Russell Jones ile Jarred Wesifeld'in yakınlığı, tüm zamanların en sansasyonel ve sıkı New Yorklu hip-hop grubunun efsanevi önderinin hayat hikayesi gün ışığına çıkarılacaktır.<|endoftext|>内幕消息！
全国第十三届大选来了！就在下个月2月22号解散国
会！
我们等了那么久，这天终于到来了！！！
你们准备好给国阵倒了吗？？？？
PEMBUBARAN PARLIMEN 22 FEB 2013 （JUMAAT）
【INFO SUMBER DALAMAN UMNO】
根据马来亚大学民主与选举中心的一项分析，国阵在来届大选将不可能重新赢得三分二国会议席优势，而首相兼国阵主席纳吉在大选之后将不得不黯然下台。
该中心是根据过去的选举成绩，再加上最新的政治发展，得到这个分析结果。
该中心主任礼端万（Redzuan Othman）告诉马来文《阳光日报》，除非有异乎寻常的事情发生，否则国阵在来届大选只能取得维持原状的成绩。
他举例，所谓特殊的事情包括了幽灵选民，因为这些因素都是分析员所无法研究的事情。（今日马来西亚）
纳吉亲口承认：大选即将来临！
民联需要人民的大力支持，换掉国阵腐败政府！
你准备好了吗？<|endoftext|>How did cinnamon burst into medieval cookbooks? In a new course for spring 2020, HUM 320 / HIS 346 / MED 322 / ENG 233: “Making Medieval Worlds: Methods and Materials,” students will not only study how ingredients from India wound along trade routes into England or Denmark, but also read the original recipes and prepare the dishes themselves.
Sarah M. Anderson, of the Humanities Council and the Department of English, will co-teach with Janet Kay, of the Society of Fellows and the Department of History. Anderson emphasized that learning will involve hands-on activities every other week, if not every week, including cooking, digging up artifacts, and exploring 3D models of archaeologically excavated human remains.
“We’re going to have the students experience a pre-modern world,” Kay said. “We’re trying to understand how people living in the medieval past created the world that they lived in, and that we live in now, and how or whether those two worlds are different.”
As an example, participants will venture into the University Chapel to write without electric lighting, in imitation of monks. The process will help reveal how authors produced the texts studied in “Making Medieval Worlds.” Computers, backspace, and autosave can obscure the workings of parchment and quills, for which a single mistake would have required methods like shaving off errors or continuing anyway, Kay explained.
Kay said that she specializes in material culture, while Anderson excels in literary analysis, so that their combined perspectives will yield interdisciplinary insights into history. For instance, the instructors will consider the real-life characteristics of objects mentioned in texts, such as the swords in Beowulf.
“The literature of course is fictional, but the swords are not. So there is a philosophical problem there: How do you use evidence, realia, in fiction, which is not real?” Anderson asked, posing more questions that the class might address. What type of sword was it? How did people forge the sword? How do we come to understand the sword’s meaning, such as marking the status, language, and ethnicity of its dead bearer in an Anglo-Saxon burial or its fictional bearer in an Old English poem?
Anderson said she and Kay will prompt students to build their own bridges between objects and literature.
“This is an experiment in time travel,” Anderson said. She highlighted how “Making Medieval Worlds” will trace Eastern influences upon many medieval items in the Global Middle Ages. By scrutinizing often overlooked characters, like women or members of lower social classes, the course will illuminate the identities of those figures and of readers. Finally, the course will uncover why we study the past and how we represent the past within the present, she said.
Kay encouraged enrollment from not just humanities majors but even students with no previous medieval background, including STEM concentrators seeking an elective, some of whom might especially enjoy the part about the role and ethics of science in studying medieval history. The big questions addressed by “Making Medieval Worlds” pertain to everyone, she said.<|endoftext|>提 案 者: 申淑敏
1.中心公路积水问题：自从中心公路重新修缮后，用于路面抬高整个区域的地表排水不畅。只是街道两旁建筑门前积水严重。建议有关部门考虑建设雨水口或排水系统。
2.垃圾问题:小区内垃圾站点未。建议小区内垃圾占封闭并且中心公路上要适当增设垃圾箱。
3.小区内路灯问题：太平湾现有我区唯一一所重点高中，学生晚自习下课都比较晚。小区内没有照明给学生带来了很多不安全隐私。望有关部门尽快给于解决。<|endoftext|>افغانستان؛ خروج از کابل پایان "طولانی ترین جنگ" آمریکاست
© REUTERS / Lance Cpl. Nicholas Guevara/U.S. Marine Corpsافغانستان؛ خروج از کابل پایان "طولانی ترین جنگ" آمریکاست
یک زن 38 ساله افغان گفت: "بالاخره این جنگ به پایان رسید. این کشور دیگر دلیلی برای جنگیدن ندارد."
اسپوتنیک به نقل از شین هوآ چین می نویسد: ساعت 23:59 30 اوت ، یک هواپیمای ترابری سی - 17 آمریکا که آخرین گروه نیروهای آمریکایی را حمل کرد از باند فرودگاه بین المللی کابل خارج شد. طولانی ترین جنگ در تاریخ ایالات متحده ، که 20 سال به طول انجامید، با خروج عجولانه نیروهای آمریکایی از افغانستان به پایان رسید.
قبل از بلند شدن هواپیما مراسمی در فرودگاه برگزار نشد. شبه نظامیان طالبان (یک سازمان تروریستی ممنوع در روسیه) این رویداد را با شلیک به هوا جشن گرفتند، که بیش از یک ساعت به طول انجامید. متعاقباً ذبیح الله مجاهد نماینده طالبان در شبکه های اجتماعی نوشت: "آخرین اشغالگر آمریکایی از فرودگاه کابل تخلیه شد. کشور ما آزادی و استقلال کامل را به دست آورده است."
در 7 اکتبر 2001 ، ایالات متحده به نام "مبارزه با تروریسم" حمله هوایی به افغانستان انجام داد و جنگی را آغاز نمود. در 30 اوت 2021 ، کنت مکنزی فرمانده فرماندهی مرکزی آمریکا در پنتاگون اعلام کرد که خروج ارتش آمریکا از افغانستان به پایان رسیده است و این پایان عملیات نظامی آمریکا در این کشور را نشان می دهد.
1 سپتامبر 2021, 17:30
در طول این 20 سال ، 2461 سرباز آمریکایی در آن کشور کشته شده و بیش از 20 هزار سرباز آمریکایی زخمی شده است. این عملیات نظامی بیش از 2 تریلیون دلار برای آمریکایی ها هزینه داشت.
رسانه های اصلی بین المللی به اتفاق آرا جنگی را که توسط ایالات متحده آغاز شده بود، "شکست" نامیدند. همانطور که مایکل مک کینلی سفیر سابق ایالات متحده در افغانستان گفت ، سیاست آمریکا در امور داخلی افغانستان و "ملت سازی" به طرز فاجعه باری شکست خورده است.
تخلیه آمریکایی ها از کابل با هرج و مرج کامل همراه بود. صحنه های شلوغی جمعیت در حال تعقیب هواپیماها در باند فرود هواپیما و فیلم های پرت شدن افغان ها از دنده فرود هواپیما هنگام بلند شدن جهان را شوکه کرد.
فرانک والتر اشتاین مایر ، رئیس جمهور آلمان گفت: "صحنه های ناامید کننده در فرودگاه کابل شرمساری بزرگی برای محافل سیاسی غرب است و وضعیت در افغانستان بزرگترین فاجعه انسانی است."
1 سپتامبر 2021, 16:44
طی 20 سال اخیر، عملیات نظامی در افغانستان منجر به کشته شدن بیش از 100 هزار غیرنظامی ، بیش از 10 میلیون نفر خانه های خود را از دست داده و پناهنده شده اند و خسارت روزانه 60 میلیون دلار بوده است. بانک جهانی اعلام کرد که اقتصاد این کشور "کاملاً وابسته به کمک های خارجی است"، کمک های مالی به افغانستان در 2020 42.9 درصد از تولید ناخالص داخلی آن کشور را تشکیل داده است. نمایندگان برنامه جهانی غذا سازمان ملل متحد گفتند که ذخایر غذایی این سازمان در افغانستان تقریباً تمام شده است ، بنابراین آنها برای ادامه کمک به مردم نیاز مبرم به منابع مالی دارند. محمد دانشجو ، کارشناس علوم سیاسی افغان گفت: "افغان ها از ایالات متحده بسیار ناامید شده اند زیرا تنها جنگ ، ویرانی و فقر را پشت سر گذاشته است."
چند روز پیش شورای امنیت سازمان ملل با صدور بیانیه ای برای رسانه ها خواستار پایان دادن به خشونت در افغانستان و حل مسالمت آمیز درگیری ها از طریق روند آشتی ملی "به رهبری افغان ها" برای بازگرداندن امنیت و قانون و نظم شد.<|endoftext|>Three northern cities have beaten Delhi to become India’s most polluted this year, with Bihar capital Patna emerging as the forerunner, a study released by IIT-Kanpur and Shakti Foundation shows. The other two cities occupying prominent positions on the list are Kanpur and Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s constituency of Varanasi, both in BJP-ruled Uttar Pradesh.
The study, which comes as a wake-up call for India, also revealed that the country witnessed 50% more pollution than China this year. It is based on data studied over a 45-day period through October and November last year. Although environmental issues are currently not grabbing headlines, environmentalists believe that greater conversation could even turn it into an election issue.
The study showed that Patna, Kanpur and Varanasi suffered from poor or severe air quality over 31 days between October and November, with particulate matter (PM) 2.5 levels hitting 170 micrograms per cubic metre and above. PM 2.5 particles reduce visibility and cause serious health issues in the general populace, an issue that the government has been unsuccessfully trying to address for several years now.
Lawmakers blamed the phenomenon on the winter. “We have got the stats, and are worried about Patna. We have made an action plan for the capital city, and are trying to implement it. Brick kilns that do not conform to our norms have been banned. We have asked builders to cover structures under construction to ensure that the air is not further polluted, and asked for roads to be cleaned regularly,” said Bihar Environment Minister Sushil Modi.
Mr Modi also cited the location of the Ganga near the Bihar capital as a reason for the city failing to achieve the required environmental standards. “Cities situated along rivers are usually the most polluted. There is a big mound near Patna,
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utico per guardare all’intera opera in versi di Fortini. È lo stesso autore a dichiararlo nell’introduzione, dove si legge l’intenzione di applicare allo studio delle raccolte fortiniane un procedimento già utilizzato da Scaffai per analizzare la poesia di Montale: intendere il tempo come «fattore che incide sulla struttura di una singola poesia o di una serie di testi» (p. 11). È infatti a partire da una precisa concezione della storia che muove, secondo Diaco, la scrittura poetica di Fortini, in vista di una società ideale che, nel cammino che porta alla possibile realizzazione, incontra antitesi e negazioni, rifiuti e fallimenti. Adottando questa strategia interpretativa, Diaco pone il lettore di fronte allo sfaldarsi della figura monolitica di partenza, invitandolo, al contrario, a prendere coscienza di un ventaglio di sfumature che permettono di cogliere, nella scrittura di Fortini, un’oscillazione tra i poli della tragedia e della politica.
Il grande merito del saggio di Diaco è di fornire una mappa dettagliata dell’universo poetico fortiniano, indispensabile al lettore per orientarsi all’interno di una scrittura complessa, fortemente condizionata dagli eventi circostanti e dal rapporto con gli interlocutori. Dialettica e speranza non solo viene dunque a inserirsi tra quei preziosi volumi preliminari che permettono di organizzare lo studio dell’opera del poeta, ma consente, a chi ha già affrontato la sterminata produzione saggistica e poetica di Fortini, di aggiungere elementi inediti, conservati presso l’Archivio Franco Fortini di Siena, di cui Diaco è abile conoscitore; elementi questi, che inseriti tra gli interstizi della scrittura saggistica e poetica, permettono di restituire una visione più completa dell’intera opera fortiniana.
Prima di affrontare nel dettaglio la lettura delle sei raccolte poetiche, Diaco individua nell’introduzione una legge da porre a fondamento dell’intera trattazione, un assioma generale per intendere i mutamenti e gli errori della scrittura di Fortini. Tenendo conto, come si è detto, dell’inestricabile corrispondenza tra biografia e storia, sarebbe possibile affermare, secondo l’autore, che «l’estensione temporale della prospettiva fortiniana è inversamente proporzionale alla presenza di possibilità rivoluzionarie. Lo sguardo si allunga e si distacca dall’oggi quando il presente appare chiuso e congelato; lo sguardo si accorcia e si accosta all’oggi quando il presente lascia scorgere spiragli per l’azione» (p. 29). Tale procedimento permette di affidare la figura del poeta a un movimento dialettico e continuo, seppur contraddittorio. E infatti, solo dopo aver interrogato e assorbito il momento negativo, è possibile per Fortini sperimentare un nuovo spazio metrico che costituisce l’attacco di un momento successivo della scrittura in versi, nella sua instancabile propensione al mutamento e alla coscienza dell’errore. Contro una narrativa ormai da tempo consolidata, sarebbe così possibile valutare le opere di Fortini non già come una parabola discendente, «come un’anticlimax inarrestabile», ma come «movimento alternato di avvicinamento e di allontanamento a seconda della situazione extratestuale» (p. 29).
Il movimento a cui si accenna nel saggio non è tuttavia quello verticale del mistico, dell’iniziato; e neppure il moto impazzito del soggetto “senza io”. Il movimento a cui Fortini accorda la sua biografia (da non confondere con “biografiamo”) al mondo è il procedere del soggetto nella storia, il suo riflettersi nella trasformazione della società. È il movimento dialettico della realtà, che a partire dalla presa in carico dei destini generali, dell’esistere insieme, innesca un processo di conoscenza dell’individuo.
Guardando a distanza l’intera opera in versi di Fortini, Diaco individua tre macro-aree temporali, senza tuttavia tralasciare, nella successiva analisi delle singola raccolte, gli scarti di ciascun momento del discorso rispetto all’altro che segue: in una prima “fase della giovinezza”, si collocano le raccolte più direttamente politiche e attive, ovvero Foglio di ma e Poesia e errore, caratterizzate da una scrittura «più disomogenea e oratoria»; in quella che viene definita la “fase della maturità”, che raccoglie i testi di Una volta per sempre e Questo muro, si manifesta l’influenza di Brecht, attraverso il quale Fortini «trova e affina la propria pronuncia più alta e riconoscibile»; infine, nella “fase della vecchiaia”, rientrano naturalmente Paesaggio con serpente e Composita solvantur, dove si registra, con le dovute differenze, un apparente abbassamento della «politicità esplicita e l’approdo a una dizione sì più riposata, ma anche obliqua e manieristica, in quanto straniata dal ricorso a maschere e falsetti» (p. 71).
Procedendo nella lettura dei sei capitoli, ciascuno corrispondente all’analisi di una raccolta del poeta, Diaco accompagna il lettore nel movimento della parola fortiniana, creando una mappa di connessioni tra scrittura poetica – che conserva e lascia aperto il momento negativo, con un’intensità variabile a seconda degli anni, degli eventi e dunque delle raccolte – e linearità saggistica – raziocinante – che balza impazientemente verso la sintesi.
Sarebbe possibile individuare, all’interno di ogni capitolo, un’ulteriore divisione: alla lettura particolare della raccolta, condotta analizzando i testi più significativi che intrecciano in maniera trasversale la scrittura saggistica e i modelli di riferimento dedotti dall’opera di traduzione, Diaco fa seguire una parte conclusiva che assurge alla funzione di bilancio – procedimento anch’esso tipicamente fortiniano –, in cui è possibile tirare le somme del percorso e individuare gli errori che preparano al momento successivo.
La struttura del saggio riflette dunque una specifica idea di tempo e di storia, che non ammette salti o momenti di stasi contemplativa, ma considera il discorso nella sua continuità tra memoria e futuro; tale è in definitiva il meccanismo che muove l’intera produzione in versi di Fortini, la cui scrittura non rimuove mai il punto più remoto del passato e tenta di risolverlo, o di innescarlo nuovamente, nel presente. Quel movimento di dialettica e speranza è condensato, ad esempio, nell’ultimo componimento di Composita solvantur precedente all’Appendice di light verses e imitazioni. Il testo riprende la poesia liminare di Foglio di via senza la circolarità di un eterno ritorno, ma tratteggiando, al contrario, una linea retta, che si stacca ancora una volta dalla circonferenza per procedere verso un avvenire possibile: «Rivolgo col bastone le foglie dei viali. \ Quei due ragazzi mesti scalciano una bottiglia. \ Proteggete le nostre verità».
Recuperare la complessità della figura diventa dunque un’operazione etica che nulla ha a che vedere col lavoro specialistico. Sta in questa apparente semplicità della lettura il valore di Dialettica e speranza, che ha come armatura i testi stessi, chiamati a testimonianza di un «dialogo ininterrotto». Il senso di tutto il volume è in definitiva quello di sottrarre quei testi alle biblioteche – dove sopravvivono la maggior parte delle opere di Fortini, fuori commercio ormai da tempo –, e appropriarsene, per restituirli a un pubblico nuovo e a una nuova realtà. Poiché, come Fortini dichiarava a proposito di Montale, la poesia appartiene all’autore «solo per le bibliografie e per le antologie scolastiche. Essa è nostra, è dei suoi lettori. Ne siamo responsabili noi; e le sue determinazioni ideologiche e di classe, dunque anche gli errori intellettuali di cui si nutre, vanno guardati senza rispetti umani, per il bene che dovremmo portare a noi stessi». Un modo, anche questo, di proteggere quelle verità che nel presente sopravvivono agli errori.<|endoftext|>سندرم QT طولانی
سندرم QT طولانی یک اختلال در سیستم الکتریکی قلب، شبیه به آریتمی است. این یک ناهنجاری است که فرآیند شارژ مجدد سلول های قلبی را پس از آزاد شدن توسط سیستم الکتریکی قلب به تاخیر می اندازد. باعث ضربان قلب سریع بی نظم می شود.
در سندرم QT طولانی، بطن ها (حفره های پایینی قلب) زمان بسیار زیادی طول می کشد تا آزاد شوند و منقبض شوند. نام این بیماری از حروف مرتبط با شکل موج های ایجاد شده توسط سیگنال های الکتریکی قلب هنگام ثبت ECG (الکتروکاردیوگرام) گرفته شده است. فواصل بین حروف Q و T کل عملکرد بطن ها را مشخص می کند. بنابراین، “سندروم QT طولانی” به این معنی است که فاصله زمانی بین نقاط Q و T در شکل موج بسیار طولانی است، حتی اگر فقط کسری از ثانیه باشد.
به طور کلی، یک فاصله QT طولانی مدت می تواند به طور ناگهانی در شرایط روزمره نیز اتفاق بیفتد، از جمله:
- هنگامی که فرد با صدای بلند وحشت زده شود
- فعالیت بدنی شدید یا ورزش داشته باشد.
- احساسات شدید مانند: ترس، عصبانیت یا درد داشته باشد.
اما، در همه این موارد، ضربان قلب معمولاً به سرعت ریتم انقباض طبیعی خود را باز مییابد. سندرم QT طولانی حدود یک میلیون نفر را در سال در هند تحت تاثیر قرار می دهد. در صورت عدم درمان، نیمی از افراد مبتلا به سندرم QT طولانی ممکن است طی 10 سال پس از مشاهده اولین علائم آن بمیرند. افراد در معرض خطر بالای سندرم QT طولانی شامل: کودکان خردسال، نوجوانان و بزرگسالان جوان با غش بدون دلیل، تشنج، نزدیک به غرق شدن یا با سابقه ایست قلبی هستند. به طور کلی در بیشتر موارد ارثی است، اما می تواند به دلیل مصرف برخی از داروها برای سایر مشکلات پزشکی نیز ایجاد شود.
علل:
سندرم QT طولانی عمدتا یک اختلال ارثی است. چندین ژن به وضوح شناسایی شدهاند که بر فواصل QT تأثیر میگذارند، به این معنی که انواع مختلفی از سندرم QT طولانی وجود دارد. برخی از این موارد با بروز بالای آریتمی و مرگ ناگهانی همراه است که اغلب در چندین عضو خانواده رخ می دهد. اما اشکال دیگری از سندرم QT طولانی وجود دارد که می تواند بسیار کمتر خطرناک باشد.
سندرم QT طولانی را می توان به طور کلی به سه نوع تقسیم کرد:
اکتسابی، طولانی مدت و ارثی.
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سندرم QT طولانی اکتسابی:
سندرم QT طولانی می تواند به عنوان عوارض جانبی داروها ایجاد شود. سندرم QT طولانی اکتسابی معمولاً به دلیل برخی داروها و ناهنجاری های الکترولیتی مانند: هیپوکالمی (کم پتاسیم بدن) یا سایر شرایط پزشکی از این دست ایجاد می شود. بیش از صد دارو، که بسیاری از آنها رایج هستند، می توانند فاصله QT را در افراد سالم افزایش دهند و باعث سندرم QT طولانی اکتسابی شوند که به عنوان سندرم QT طولانی ناشی از دارو نیز شناخته می شود.
گاهی اوقات ممکن است اشکال ارثی و اکتسابی، هر دو با هم وجود داشته باشد.
انواع مختلفی از داروها وجود دارند، که باعث ایجاد سندرم QT طولانی می شوند.
- داروهای کاهش دهنده کلسترول
- برخی از داروهای دیابت
- سیستوپلاستی تقویتی
- داروهای ضد آریتمی (داروهایی که ضربان قلب را تنظیم می کنند.)
- آنتی بیوتیک های خاص
- آنتی هیستامین ها و ضد احتقان ها
- داروهای ضد افسردگی و ضد روان پریشی
- داروهای کاهش دهنده کلسترول
- دیورتیک ها (مانند: پتاسیم یا سدیم)
- برخی از داروهای ضد تهوع
- فاصله طولانی مدت Q-T: یک الکتروکاردیوگرام (ECG) در واقع تکانه های الکتریکی را هنگام حرکت در سراسر قلب اندازه گیری می کند. تکههایی با سیمهای زیادی که به پوست وصل شدهاند، این تکانهها را اندازهگیری میکنند، که سپس روی نمایشگر نمایش داده میشوند یا میتوانند به عنوان امواجی از فعالیتهای الکتریکی روی کاغذ چاپ شوند.
این ECG تکانه های الکتریکی را به صورت پنج موج مختلف اندازه گیری می کند. پزشکان این پنج موج را با حروف P، Q، R، S و T برچسبگذاری کردهاند. دو موج با برچسب Q تا T فعالیت الکتریکی در حفرههای پایینی قلب به نام بطنها را نشان میدهند.
طول بین شروع موج “Q” و پایان موج “T” (یعنی فاصله QT) مربوط به زمان واقعی است که طول می کشد تا قلب مربوطه منقبض شود و سپس قبل از شروع انقباض بعدی دوباره با خون پر شود.
پزشکان اندازه گیری می کنند که آیا فاصله QT در یک زمان طبیعی رخ می دهد یا خیر. اگر فاصله طولانیتر از حد طبیعی طول بکشد، به آن فاصله QT طولانیتر گفته میشود. فاصله QT سن، جنس، سرعت و منظم بودن ضربان قلب را در نظر می گیرد.
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سندرم QT طولانی ارثی:
تاکنون حداقل 17 ژن با سندرم طولانی QT مرتبط هستند و صدها جهش در این ژن ها شناسایی شده است. جهش تنها در سه مورد از این ژن ها تقریباً 75 درصد از موارد سندرم QT طولانی را تشکیل می دهد، در حالی که جهش در سایر ژن های جزئی در درصد بسیار کمی از موارد سندرم QT طولانی نقش دارد.
حدود 20 درصد از افرادی هستند که قطعاً دارای سندرم QT طولانی ارثی هستند اما نتیجه آزمایش ژنتیکی آنها منفی است. از سوی دیگر، در میان خانوادههایی که از نظر ژنتیکی سندرم QT طولانی ایجاد شده است، بین 10 تا 37 درصد از بستگان آنها فاصله QT طبیعی با آزمایش ژنتیکی سندرم طولانی QT مثبت دارند.
ظاهراً دو شکل از سندرم QT طولانی ارثی وجود دارد:
- سندرم رومانو وارد این شکل رایج تری است که در افرادی رخ می دهد که تنها یک نوع ژن را از یکی از والدین خود به ارث می برند.
- سندرم ژرول و لانگ-نیلسون. این یک شکل نادر است که معمولا خیلی زود رخ می دهد و شدیدتر است. در این سندرم، کودکان انواع ژنتیکی را از هر دو والدین خود به ارث می برند. چنین کودکانی سندرم QT طولانی دارند و همچنین ناشنوا به دنیا می آیند.
ظاهراً دانشمندان در حال بررسی ارتباط احتمالی بین سندرم QT طولانی و سندرم مرگ ناگهانی نوزاد (SIDS) بوده اند. آنها ظاهراً کشف کرده اند که تقریباً پنج تا ده درصد از نوزادان مبتلا به SIDS دارای نقص ژنتیکی یا جهش برای سندرم QT طولانی هستند.
علائم:
علائم سندرم QT طولانی تنها زمانی رخ می دهد که بیمار دچار یک دوره تاکی کاردی خطرناک شود و درجه این علائم به مدت زمان بستگی دارد. اگر فقط لحظه ای باشد، ممکن است چند ثانیه سرگیجه شدید تنها علامت باشد. اگر بیش از 10 ثانیه ادامه یابد، سنکوپ رخ می دهد و اگر خیلی بیشتر از چند دقیقه طول بکشد، قربانی هرگز به هوش نمی آید.
اما خوشبختانه، اکثر افراد مبتلا به انواع سندرم QT طولانی هرگز هیچ علائم تهدید کننده زندگی را تجربه نمی کنند. آنها ممکن است تنها پس از انجام نوار قلب به دلایل دیگر از وضعیت خود مطلع شوند.
کسانی که تجربه می کنند ممکن است علائم زیر را داشته باشند:
- ضربان / ریتم غیر طبیعی قلب (به نام آریتمی)
- غش (به نام سنکوپ)
- بال زدن مداوم در قفسه سینه
- نفس نفس زدن پر سر و صدا هنگام خواب
- تشنج
- سوزش سردل
- تپش قلب
- ضربان قلب نامنظم
- ایست قلبی ناگهانی
- مرگ ناگهانی
همه این علائم بالا ممکن است به طور غیر منتظره شروع شوند و ممکن است به دلایلی مانند:
- صداهای ناگهانی
- تمرینات شدید
- ضربان قلب بسیار آهسته هنگام خواب
گاهی اوقات علائم ممکن است در اوایل مرحله جنینی، در طی چند هفته اول تا چند ماه پس از تولد، گاهی پس از سن 40 سالگی یا گاهی اوقات هرگز شروع نشود.
عوامل خطر:
- کودکانی که ناشنوا به دنیا می آیند.
- بستگان خونی اعضای خانواده مبتلا به سندرم QT طولانی
- کودکان و بزرگسالان جوانی که در اعضای خانواده خود دچار مرگ ناگهانی یا سنکوپ غیرقابل توجیه شده اند.
- کسانی که از داروهای سندرم QT طولانی استفاده می کنند که می تواند فواصل QT را بیشتر کند.
- افرادی که دارای کلسیم، منیزیم، پتاسیم کم در خون هستند.
تشخیص سندرم QT:
روش های زیر معمولا برای تشخیص سندرم QT طولانی استفاده می شود.
- ECG/ EKG استاندارد (الکتروکاردیوگرام) بهترین آزمایش برای تشخیص سندرم QT طولانی است. دستگاه ECG فعالیت الکتریکی قلب را در شکل موج ثبت می کند که فاصله Q-T طولانی مدت را نشان می دهد.
- یک EKG ورزشی (معروف به تست
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消防电话电路等电缆后，救援时间将会延迟，造成更大的生命财产损失。因此，世界各国都对重要建筑中关键线路的电缆提出了线路完整性要求，即要求这些线路的电缆具有耐火特性。
根据_标准iec 60331-《在火焰条件下测试电缆维持线路完整性的能力》和中国标准GB/T 19213-《在火焰条件下电缆或光缆的线路完整性试验》，“耐火电缆的线完整性”定义为“电缆在规定的火焰、规定的电缆承载条件和规定的时间内以设定的方式连续运行的能力。”结合这些标准中试验条件的具体规定，可以看出耐火电缆的本质要求是在火灾事故条件下保持合理的运行时间，以满足自救和灭火救援的需要。
随着我国经济社会的发展和对建筑安全的重视，耐火电缆得到了广泛的应用，地方政府相关部门在各类建筑的防火设计规范中对耐火电缆的选择和使用有明确的要求。例如，GB 50045-95(2005版)《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》中规定，消防电气设备的配电线路应满足火灾时连续供电的要求，在电缆井和电缆沟内敷设阻燃或耐火电缆时，不得采取防火措施；使用矿物绝缘电缆时，可以直接敷设。DCJ 08-93-2002 《民用建筑电缆电缆防火设计规程(上海)》规定，消防设备的控制线、火灾自动报警系统的信号传输线、消防广播线和消防电话线与金属管接触时，应使用耐火电线；从变电站(或主配电室)通向消防设备的主供电线路应采用阻燃耐火电缆或矿物绝缘电缆；当从双电源自动切断箱到消防设备控制箱以及从消防设备控制箱到消防设备的电线和其他支线通过管道敷设时，应使用耐火电线，但当暴露时应使用金属管，当电缆沿墙壁支撑或暴露时，应使用矿物绝缘电缆。从上述规定可以看出，建筑物中一些关键线路的电缆要求在火灾条件下能够运行一段时间，但这些规定中耐火电缆(矿物绝缘电缆除外)的选型不够明确。
除了传统的矿物绝缘电缆外，近年来我国在其他耐火电缆(特别是图1c所示结构的电缆)的开发方面也取得了很大的进展，在一些建筑的关键线路中也得到广泛应用。根据国内耐火电缆的实际使用情况，不同结构的耐火电缆性能差异很大，如相同导体截面的电缆在同等条件下载流能力存在明显差异，不同电缆的安装和敷设难度完全不同。此外，许多中介狗的耐火电缆(如用云母带作耐火材料，用有机聚合物作护套)没有_ _标准和行业标准，导致耐火电缆产品质量参差不齐，另一方面，用户在选择耐火电缆时不能遵循统一的标准，这也造成耐火电缆实际使用中的混乱。
还没有人回复~<|endoftext|>به گزارش ایران اکونومیست به نقل از روابط عمومی ارتش، امیر دریادار سیاری در دوره تئوری معارف جنگ دانشجویان دانشگاه پدافند هوایی خاتم الانبیا(ص)، اظهار داشت: نیروهای چهارگانه ارتش با بهره گیری از تجارب و دستاوردهای دوران دفاع مقدس پله های ترقی را یکی پس از دیگری طی کرده اند و امروز شاهد طراحی و تولید بسیاری از سامانه های بومی و به روز در بدنه ارتش هستیم که با نمونه مشابه خارجی در رقابت است.
امیر دریادار سیاری با تشریح برخی از رشادت های حیرت برانگیز نیروی دریایی در طول دوران دفاع مقدس، خاطرنشان کرد: با تکیه بر دانش داخلی و اعتماد به نفس جوانان سرزمینمان، دستیابی به انواع تجهیزات به روز با فناوری بسیار بالا در مدت زمان کوتاهی محقق شد و هم اکنون شاهد طراحی و تولید انواع ناوشکن ها و زیر دریایی ها با قابلیت حمل موشک، بالگرد و انواع پهپادها هستیم.
وی با اشاره به برخی از دستاوردهای اخیر نیروی دریایی ارتش در طراحی و ساخت زیر دریایی و ناوشکن های پیشرفته از جمله جماران، سهند، دماوند، تفتان و ....، اظهار داشت: لحظه ای توقف در ارتقای توانمندی نظامی موجب دستیابی دشمن به نقشه های شوم می شود و تنها راه مقابله با دشمن در برهه کنونی پیشرفت علمی در تمامی عرصه ها است.
معاون هماهنگ کننده ارتش خطاب به دانشجویان دانشگاه پدافند، تاکید کرد: دانشجویان دانشگاه پدافند نقش خطیری در رشد، پیشرفت و آینده روشن نیروی پدافند هوایی ارتش ایفا می کنند و همواره باید با هم افزایی و تبادل دانش با سایر مراکز علمی، آموزشی و دانشگاهی این روند روبه رشد فزونی بگیرد.<|endoftext|>导致外地办法受损。叙利亚库奈特拉省与以色列相邻，以色列相邻以色列正在1967年第三次中东打仗中攻下了库奈特拉省戈兰高地。叙南部库奈特拉省当天遭以色列导弹袭击，以色列永久指认伊朗正在中东区域扩张气力，并众次以回击伊朗军事办法为由袭击叙利亚境内方针。叙利亚和伊朗则狡赖伊朗正在叙有驻军。但以色列媒体征引戈兰高地住户的话说，当天听到浩大爆炸声。谈利亚省与
另据总部设正在英邦伦敦的“叙利亚人权参观结构”讯息，以色列导弹的袭击方针为泰勒拜里盖区域的叙政府军以及亲叙政府的叙利亚籍和外籍民兵。
叙利亚通信社报道说，外地期间1日下昼2时阁下，以色列军目标库奈特拉省西部的泰勒拜里盖区域策动导弹袭击，变成外地办法受损，但没有职员伤亡。<|endoftext|>According to Gadamer, art and history have something in common: Both are capable of opening up something unfamiliar that we can understand ourselves against.
According to Hans-Georg Gadamer we explore history to learn more about ourselves. In his major work Truth and Method he claims that historical consciousness is essential, not in reconstructing the past but in reflected exchange with the present.1 He emphasizes this as meeting between two, where the past is present both as something unfamiliar and foreign that we can consider ourselves against and as part of a background for our present placement within history. By turning towards previous eras within history a possibility is thus opened up to gain access to something more than a background or tradition that explains the path towards where we are today. We can also find worlds of meaning that are foreign to us, and thereby gain access to perspectives that provide new insights to our own time's unquestioned and acknowledged truths.
Not only history but also art can provide access to other worlds of meaning than those that would seem obvious and true to us. Art is deeply bound to our experience of the world in the sense that the world's reality reveals itself through aesthetic appearance. Art is one of reality's forms of emergence and the reality that reveals itself cannot be distinguished from the presentation of it. According to Gadamer there is no objective form of truth that is independent of the specific forms of emergence or particular ways of perceiving the world. The world is realized through its presentation and then always in some specific way. Since art in this way is related to something vital with our way of being in the world, we can never come to a point in history where art ends. For Gadamer therefore, art is not something that can die. As he writes: "The death of art, as an end to the restless will to form that resides in human dreams and longing, this we cannot conceive of as long as human beings continue to form their own lives. Any claim that the time of art is ended will thus consequently lead to new art."2 However, what art is will vary and be determined by the historical context within which it emerges. Each time will have its own form of art.
Gadamer compares experiencing a work of art to playing a game
A work of art always points beyond itself, according to Gadamer. It is inherently open. On the one hand this has to do with the fact that a work of art will always remain open to being subjected to new ways of seeing. Furthermore, these various conceptions of it are constitutive of the artwork as artwork. The meaning of a work of art emerges only in the encounter with an observer or listener. This meeting is inherently dialogical, in the sense that both bring something to the encounter, as in a conversation. One part of the meeting consists in the spectator applying the work of art with his or her own perspective. Nevertheless, it is also necessary for the spectator to open herself to being moved by and to a certain extent loose herself in the artwork. Similarly to the way we are all cast into a world at birth, we must, as spectators, give ourselves over to the work of art to a certain extent, if we wish to understand it. A work of art is also a «world» in the sense that it constitutes a world of meaning. Gadamer compares experiencing a work of art to playing a game. A game is a structured world of meaning that players must enter and lose themselves in, or the world will lose its magic. In forgetfulness people open themselves up to the game itself. Such openness is also necessary in interpreting a work of art. If the spectator does not let herself be gripped by the world of meaning that is the artwork, she will not be able to understand it, or find it interesting or exciting. In the same way as the game, the work of art must also be taken seriously. If one enters an encounter with a work of art with a serious expectation of being told something, artwork can reveal something new and unknown to the spectator. Embedded within works of art there thus lies a potential to open the spectator up to what is other and foreign. This provides access to an outside in relation to what stands as rigid and unquestioned in our own conceptions, and which is difficult to recognize and question critically. In this way, through its ability to display and reveal the limitations of any benumbed cultural expectation, art contains an ethical significance.
That a work of art always points beyond itself also refers to how it necessarily belongs to a context, and how this context belongs to a world that inevitably has a history. An artwork thereby unavoidably relates to the history within which it is inscribed. One way or another, every work of art relates to a tradition. This relationship is ambiguous. On the one hand a tradition constitutes the path between historical eras and horizons. It may, for instance, express the relationship between a modern reader and a work of art from Antiquity. The notion of tradition is for Gadamer an expression of what has to do with the effects of an artwork through history. However, history also constitutes something more that this, according to Gadamer. It represents something against which we can see ourselves. In this way turning towards history and previous historical eras can provide a contrast against which we may understand more about ourselves and our own preconceptions.
Art and history thus have something in common, namely a potential for opening up new perspectives and insights in relation to, and in contrast to which, we can understand ourselves. Both art and history offer us access to an outside to our own rigid preconceptions. To the degree that art wishes to enforce such a project of self-reflection, it may gain additional strength by turning to history.
1 Hans-Georg Gadamer, Truth and method. Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd.: 2004. The original German version Warheit und Metode was published in 1960.
2 My translation. See Gadamer, «Er kunstens tid forbi? Fra Hegels lære om kunstens fortidskarakter til dagens antikunst». Den europeiske arven, p. 76. Oslo: Cappelens upopulære skrifter, 1991, p.76.<|endoftext|>Tucked away in the Barnawapara wildlife sanctuary of Chhattisgarh is a small village, Deba. The national power grid is yet to reach there. But there is no interruption in the scheduled power supply to its 75 households. While power cuts are frequent in grid-connected villages across the state, the only time Deba residents experienced a blackout since they started receiving electricity some seven years ago was in October last year.
The blackout was caused by a powerful lightning. It hit the power transmission cables and damaged the inverter of the solar power plant, recalls Phool Devi, in her 40s. The government officials replaced the inverter within two weeks and the village was illuminated again just before Diwali.
The 4 kilowatt solar power plant, which uses photovoltaic cells to tap solar energy, generates 28 units (1 unit=1kWh) of electricity a day. It is sufficient to light all houses and lanes of Deba with CFLs (compact fluorescent lamps) for seven hours without fail: from 4 am to 6 am and from 6 pm to 11 pm. Devi says the solar power plant, installed by Chhattisgarh Renewable Energy Development Agency (CREDA) in 2003, has been a boon to the village residents who had always relied on kerosene lamps and lanterns. “Now that the village has streetlights, I do not fear snakes or wild animals in the night,” Devi says with a grin. She is happy her children now study even after nightfall.
Deba is one of the 50 villages and hamlets dotting the dense Barnawapara forest that are benefiting from the solar power plants installed under the Remote Village Electrification Programme of the Union Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE). The programme, as the name suggests, aims to electrify villages and hamlets in remote and difficult areas such as forests, hills and deserts of the country, which are not feasible to be linked with the national grid, using renewable energy. Solar power is popular for such electrification due to its abundance and simple plugand- play nature of the technology.
But solar off-grid projects under the programme have been reported to be a failure across the country, with Chhattisgarh being the only exception. With assured illumination to 1,400 remote villages, the nascent state boasts of being home to over one-fifth of the solar-powered villages across the country, reckon MNRE officials.
Tanushree Bhowmik, programme director (energy) of the United Nations Development Programme-India, says renewable off-grid projects tend to fail in most remote villages because of lax monitoring and poor maintenance of installed systems. Though states are responsible for installation and maintenance of off-grid power generation systems, most lack the intent to monitor. There have been reports of systems getting stolen or lying defunct in several states, she adds.
In Kalahandi district of Odisha, for instance, the government installed solar home lighting and street home lighting systems in 40 villages in 2009. A survey by Desi Technology Solutions, a consultancy firm in Bhubaneswar, shows the systems in 30 villages became defunct within a year. According to the December 2010 issue of Akshay Urja, a newsletter of MNRE, remote villages in Jharkhand, Assam and Meghalaya receive 2-4.5 hours of illuminations a day from solar lighting systems. People in these areas are demanding for maintenance of their solar lighting systems as most of the days the systems lie defunct.
Chhattisgarh went the extra mile to ensure that installed solar systems remain functional. It installed microgrids wherever possible and introduced a standardised operation and maintenance system.
The task of supplying electricity to remote villages began in Chhattisgarh in 2003. CREDA installed solar home lighting systems in 500 villages. The system is an assembly of solar panels, cables, an inverter, a battery and two 11 Watt CFLs. “Half of the panels got stolen within a year. Some even sold them off or mortgaged them for money,” says S K Shukla, director of CREDA. A survey in 2004 showed that of the 617 solar modules installed in tribal hostels, ashrams and primary health centres, 500 were stolen. This is when CREDA opted for microgrids.
|| Chhattisgarh installed micro-grids and introduced a standardised operation and maintenance system
“Micro-grids require more investment from the state exchequer because the subsidy by MNRE is limited (90 per cent of the installation cost or Rs 18,000, whichever is maximum). But they prevent theft and require minimal maintenance,” Shukla adds.
As per the estimates of CREDA, a solar module of 37 W costs Rs 14,000. Factor in the 90 per cent subsidy by MNRE and each module costs the state Rs 2,750. Compare this with the cost of setting up a micro-grid (solar photovoltaic power plant and transmission cables) per household, which is approximately Rs 25,000. The state shells out about three times more for a micro-grid than a solar home lighting system.
CREDA installed the first micro-grid in 2004 and started electrifying villages in two ways. For big concentrated villages, it installed micro-grids. Of 1,400 solar-powered villages, 500 have microgrids of a total installed capacity of 2.35 MW, providing electricity to more than 35,000 households. Rest of the villages and hamlets, where houses are scattered, were provided with solar home lighting systems. “It is not feasible in scattered villages to invest in wiring for long distances,” says Shukla.
With the penetration of solar offgrid grew concerns for the operation and maintenance of the systems. CREDA envisaged a three-tier system. An operator was chosen from each solar-powered village to clean solar modules every day and repair them if there was wiring glitch. For this, he charges Rs 5 from each house a month. For regular maintenance of batteries and inverters, and for fixing technical problems, CREDA enrolls an operation and maintenance contractor, who appoints a cluster technician for every 10-15 villages. The technician directly receives a payment of Rs 25 per household per month from the state government. This is equivalent to the subsidy that the Chhattisgarh government provides to families below the poverty line in grid-connected areas for availing one unit of electricity a day.
“The technician files a monthly monitoring report for every solar installation. The solar equipments that are not working and
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年度的克林顿政府时期； 起因是共和党反对克林顿总统提出的全民医疗保险计划。
分析指出，一旦上述情况再次发生，就意味着美国政府将再次发不出工资、养老金、抚恤金等开支，全美数以万计的公务员将被迫放无薪假，并且可能永远无法讨回政府拖欠的工资。
（5）10月17日，正式结束了美国联邦政府持续16天的关门
美国国会众议院16日晚投票通过议案，给予联邦政府临时拨款，同时调高其公共债务上限。美国总统奥巴马在17日凌晨签署议案，正式结束了美国联邦政府持续16天的关门风波。
美国政府已经要求联邦政府部门雇员从17日返回工作岗位上班。不过，这份议案并未解决根本问题，美国政府在几个月后将再次面临“关门”的危险和考验。
奥巴马17日凌晨签署法案
这项由参议院共和、民主两党领袖提出的议案16日晚间在参议院通过后，众议院连夜开会，随后以285票赞成、144票反对的结果也通过了这项议案。根据这一议案，联邦政府各部门将获得预算运营到2014年1月15日，同时把财政部发行国债的权限延长至2014年2月7日。美国总统奥巴马在17日凌晨签署法案，给持续半个多月的美国联邦政府“关门风波”画上句号，暂时平息了国际市场对美国可能出现债务违约风险的担忧。
政府雇员恢复正常工作
白宫行政管理和预算局局长西尔维娅·马修斯·伯韦尔说，联邦政府将尽快恢复正常运行。在过去半个多月时间里被要求无薪休假的联邦机构雇员将从下一个工作日起恢复正常工作。对于绝大多数联邦政府雇员来说，17日将是他们在政府“关门风波”结束后的第一个工作日。
“联邦政府雇员将在17日早上回来上班，”西尔维娅·伯韦尔说，“对政府雇员来说，他们在过去几周里经历了很具挑战性的时刻。我要向那些不断为美国民众服务的公务员表示感谢。”国际货币基金组织总裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德对美国两党达成协议以避免债务违约表示赞赏。她同时表示，美国政府提高债务上限造成了美国财政政策的不确定性。今后，能够以一种“可持续的方式”减少这种不确定性是非常关键的。
财政问题没有根本解决
美国联邦政府(8)10月17日是美国避免债务违约的“大限”。美国财政部长雅各布·卢此前说，为避免美国债务违约所采取的非常规措施只能维持到10月17日，届时财政部将仅有约300亿美元资金，难以应对联邦政府的所有开支压力。对于美国两党在债务违约前最后一刻达成妥协方案，在各方的预期之内。不过，美国国会通过的这份议案并没有从根本上解决美国政府面临的一系列财政问题，只是将这个棘手的难题推迟到明年年初。如果届时，美国两党议员仍然没有解决这些财政难题，那么美国政府将再次面临“关门”的危险。美国众议院预算委员会主席保罗·瑞安对这项议案投下了反对票，他说：“今天的议案无助于减少我们快速增长的债务。在我看来，这不是什么突破，我们只是喘了口气。”
2018年12月18日，美国总统特朗普发布行政令，宣布联邦政府于12月24日关门。[9]<|endoftext|>Avviso spoiler
Adrian S. Burrows Sr./NBC
[Attenzione: quanto segue contiene PRINCIPALI spoiler per il Chicago Fire Finale della stagione 9 Nessun sopravvissuto.]
Il produttore esecutivo Derek Haas ha avvertito No Survivors è uno di quei finali in cui quei minuti finali faranno arrabbiare molti spettatori con me e gli ultimi 10 minuti saranno tesi – e grandi – come qualsiasi cosa abbiamo mai fatto. Non stava esagerando.
Alcuni cambiamenti potrebbero arrivare a 51, ha detto in precedenza Boden (Eamonn Walker), e il finale mantiene questa promessa. Non solo le vite di più membri sono in bilico nei momenti finali, ma i fan ottengono una risoluzione sulla relazione di Casey ( Jesse Spencer ) e Brett ( Kara Killmer ) e uno dei 51 potrebbe accettare un nuovo lavoro.
Un momento di Casey & Brett Stagioni in divenire
Dopo aver detto a Brett come si sente, tutto ciò che Casey può fare è aspettare... e sperare che non sia condannato a una vita di solitudine come suo zio dopo la morte della moglie. Procede praticamente a struggersi: cercandola quando arriva alla caserma dei pompieri, fissandola durante una chiamata, chiedendo se l'ambulanza 61 è già tornata, guardando il suo posto vuoto in casa...
Brett non sta molto meglio. Non riesce a concentrarsi vicino a lui - Casey la stabilizza durante una chiamata - e si ferma prendendo 30 minuti per raccogliere rifornimenti per l'ambulanza in ospedale. È da così tanto tempo che parla di lui, non sa come smettere, ammette a Violet. Il suo collega paramedico offre alcune parole di saggezza: sua madre usa la parola buono per descrivere le persone come il complimento più alto, ed è esattamente ciò che sono sia Brett che Casey.
Ma Casey sta prendendo il silenzio (e l'evitamento) di Brett come un messaggio e ha intenzione di fare marcia indietro completamente.
Fortunatamente, Brett mette un irrequieto Casey fuori dalla sua miseria dopo che è passato dal camminare nel suo ufficio nel bel mezzo della notte a stare fuori dalla caserma dei pompieri. Ci apparteniamo, dice, un inizio A+ al suo discorso (al contrario di il suo non Una dichiarazione ). Lo facciamo, lui è d'accordo. Siamo giusti l'uno per l'altra, continua. Lo siamo, è d'accordo. (Sì, c'è uno schema.) Quando lo sai, lo sai, dice. (Un'ipotesi per la sua risposta a ciò che ha appreso durante una chiamata che coinvolgeva una coppia con una casa piena di bambole. I due che si tenevano per mano erano solo leggermente meno inquietante.) Sono innamorato di te, gli dice finalmente, e lui la bacia.
Dopo di che, loro finalmente finire quello che hanno iniziato all'inizio della stagione - e questa volta riescono a superare il suo divano e nel suo letto.
Un futuro insieme... e a parte?
Non passa molto tempo prima che tutti sappiano del fidanzamento di Stellaride. Casey lo capisce dal modo in cui i suoi coinquilini si sono guardati, e Severide (Taylor Kinney) lo annuncia a casa mentre dà i compiti per le pulizie di primavera e la chiama la sua fidanzata. (Si sono fidanzati nel bel mezzo di un incendio. Cos'altro ti aspetteresti?)
Severide ovviamente chiede a Casey di essere il suo testimone e gli fa sapere che si aspetta un addio al celibato epico (come finire su un tetto con la tigre di Mike Tyson).
Ma che dire del futuro professionale di Kidd ( Miranda Rae Mayo )? Innanzitutto, ringrazia Boden per il ruolo che ha svolto nel suo ruolo di tenente. Mi hai iscritto alla conferenza sulla leadership quando non mi consideravo nemmeno un leader. Avevi questa fiducia in me, dice al capo del suo battaglione. Pensi di sapere cosa significa per qualcuno nei miei panni, ma non lo sai. significava tutto.
Ho appena visto quello che avevo davanti: un vigile del fuoco straordinario e una persona ancora più straordinaria, le dice. C'è da meravigliarsi se inizia a piangere?
Ma Kidd si chiede come farà mai a trovare una casa buona come 51 quando otterrà il suo posto di tenente. Sarà dura, Severide è d'accordo, ma porterà con sé un pezzo di 51.
La difficile decisione di Boden
Boden chiede a Herrmann (David Eigenberg) e Mouch (Christian Stolte) la loro opinione su un'offerta del vice commissario Hill: vuole essere preso in considerazione per un ruolo di vice capo distretto? Significherebbe più lavoro da capo, meno lavoro da pompiere. Ma, come sottolinea Herrmann, hanno bisogno di lui il più alto grado possibile. Ha tempo fino alla fine della settimana per decidere.
Poi, un nuovo vicino gli si avvicina e gli rivela che suo figlio vuole diventare un pompiere. Boden offre un tour di 51 e prima di partire, dice il padre del bambino, è bello avere dei vicini che mio figlio può ammirare. Dopodiché, sembra che Boden abbia preso la sua decisione e contatti Hill. E la sua risposta... dovrà aspettare la Stagione 10.
Trattieni il fiato…
L'ultima chiamata della stagione è un salvataggio in acqua per Squad, e arriva dopo che Cruz ( Joe Minoso ) si assicura che tutti saranno presenti all'imminente baby shower suo e di Chloe e ne abbiamo sentito parlare - e ci siamo incontrati! — La fidanzata di Capp (Randy Flagler). Con un uomo su una barca che sta per affondare, tutti e quattro i membri della Squad - Severide, Cruz, Tony (Anthony Ferraris) e Capp - si tuffano, e proprio mentre stanno per arrendersi, sentono un martellare che li avverte di una porta. Dopo averlo aperto, trovano il ragazzo scomparso. Ma prima che possano uscire a nuoto, la barca si sposta, le cose iniziano a cadere e la loro via d'uscita è bloccata.
A terra, il resto dei 51 (il camion ha sentito la chiamata mentre era fuori) può solo aspettare con il fiato sospeso che i vigili del fuoco emergano. Ma non lo fanno perché sono intrappolati, senza aria, e l'acqua è salita sopra le loro teste. Aspetta cosa?! Dobbiamo aspettare fino all'autunno per scoprire se 51 ha appena perso un altro membro?
Chicago Fire , Stagione 10, Autunno 2021, NBC<|endoftext|>اسپوتنیک شما را با سخنانی آشنا می کند گه مارک زاکربرگ موسس و مدیر کل فیس بوک برای وال استریت ژورنال گفته است.
زاکربرگ گفت: بعد از یک ماه فیس بوک 15 ساله خواهد شد. وقتی این پروژه را شروع کردم، سعی نکردم یک شرکت جهانی ایجاد کنم. من متوجه شدم که تقریبا همه چیز را می توان در اینترنت پیدا کرد — موسیقی، کتاب ها، اطلاعات، به جز مهم ترین چیز- مردم. بنابراین، من شبکه ای را ایجاد کردم که مردم میتوانند برای ارتباط برقرار کردن و بهتر شدن یکدیگر را بکار ببرند. با گذشت زمان، میلیاردها نفر آن را مفید دانسته اند و ما منابع بیشتری را ایجاد کرده ایم که مردم سراسر جهان آنرا دوست دارند و از آن هر روز استفاده کنند.
من معتقدم که هر فرد باید حق رای و امکان ارتباط داشته باشد. اگر ما متعهد به ارائه خدمات برای همه هستیم، ما به یک منبع نیاز داریم که برای همه قابل دسترسی باشد. بهترین راه برای انجام این کار این است که خدمات رایگان ارائه دهیم، که تبلیغات تجاری به ما اجازه می دهد این کار را انجام دهیم.
مردم به طور دائمی به ما می گویند که از آنجا که آگهی تبلیغاتی نشان داده است، بگذارید که آن مهم و بجا باشد. این به این معنی است که ما باید منافع شان را درک کنیم. بنابراین، با شروع از صفحاتی که مردم دوست دارند، از آنچه با ماوس کلیک می کنند، و از سیگنال های دیگر، ما دسته ها ایجاد می کنیم: به عنوان مثال، افرادی که در اسپانیا زندگی می کنند صفحات باغبانی را دوست دارند. تبلیغات اینترنتی اجازه می دهد که سوژه آگهی بیشتر دقیق و هدفمند باشد.
اینترنت همچنین امکان شفافیت و کنترل بیشتر را فراهم می آورد. در فیس بوک، شما کنترل می کنید که ما برای نشان دادن تبلیغات از چه اطلاعاتی استفاده می کنیم و می توانید هر تبلیغ کننده نامطلوب را مسدود کنید. شما می توانید دریابید که چرا شما این نوع تبلیغات را می بینید و تنظیمات خود را تغییر می دهید تا آگهی های پیشنهادی برای شما جالب باشد.
گاهی اوقات این بدان معنی است که مردم فکر می کنند که ما در حال انجام کاری هستیم که در واقع ما این کار را انجام نمی دهیم. به عنوان مثال، ما اطلاعات کاربران را نمی فروشیم، اگر چه اغلب گزارش شده است که ما این کار را انجام می دهیم. در واقع، فروش اطلاعات در مورد کاربران بر خلاف منافع تجاری ما است، زیرا تنها ارزش شبکه ما را برای تبلیغ کنندگان کاهش می دهد.
بعضی از مردم نگرانند که تبلیغات باعث ایجاد اختلاف بین ما و کاربران ما می شود. ما بسیار علاقمند به کمک به مردم برای برقراری ارتباط بیشتر و به اشتراک گذاشتن اطلاعات هستیم، زیرا هدف از منابع ما این است که به مردم کمک کنیم تا ارتباط با خانواده، دوستان و جوامع خود را از دست ندهند. اما از ديدگاه تجاري، این امر بسيار مهم است که وقت خود را تلف نکنند؛ در غير اين صورت آنها از سایت ما برای مدت طولاني استفاده نمي کنند.
سؤال دیگری این است که آیا لزومی دارد که ما اطلاعات مخرب و یا ناخوشایند را بدهیم زیرا باعث افزایش مشارکت می شود. ما این کار را انجام نمی دهیم. مردم دائما به ما می گویند که نمی خواهند چنین محتوایی را ببینند. تبلیغ کنندگان نمی خواهند علامت های تجاری شان در نزدیکی برِند های سرشناس قرار داده شود.
ما به مردم کنترل کاملی بر این می دهیم که آیا می توانیم از این اطلاعات برای تبلیغات استفاده کنیم، اما ما اجازه نمی دهیم که آنها چگونگی استفاده از آن را برای امنیت یا مدیریت خدمات ما چک کنند و هنگامی که ما از کاربران اجازه استفاده از این اطلاعات را برای بهبود تبلیغات و کار ما در چارچوب مقررات اتحادیه اروپا مخصوص حفاظت از داده ها خواستیم، اکثریت موافقت کردند و ترجیح دادند تا تبلیغات مربوطه دارای اهمیت بیشتری را دریافت کنند.
سرانجام، من معتقدم که مهمترین اصول مربوط به اطلاعات — شفافیت، انتخاب و کنترل است. ما باید به روشنی درباره نحوه استفاده از اطلاعات صحبت کنیم و مردم باید فرصت داشته باشند تصمیم بگیرند که ما چگونه می توانیم از داده هایشان استفاده کنیم. ما معتقدیم که مقرراتی که این اصول را قانونا در سراسر اینترنت اعمال کند، برای همه مفید می بود.
این امر اهمیت دارد کاری شود تا مردم به هدف خود برسند. زیرا در آن مزایای واضح برای این مدل تجاری هست. میلیاردها نفر از خدمات رایگان برای برقراری ارتباط با کسانی که برای آنها عزیز هستند و می توانند خود را بیان کنند، دریافت می کنند و بازرگانی کوچکی که بیشتر مشاغل ایجاد می کند و مسئول رشد اقتصادی در سراسر جهان است، دسترسی به ابزارهایی پیدا کرده است که به رشد آن کمک می کند. بیش از 90 میلیون واحد بازرگانی کوچک در فیس بوک وجود دارد و بخش بزرگی از بازرگانان ما را تشکیل می دهد. اکثر آنها نمی توانند تبلیغات را در تلویزیون یا بیلبوردها خریداری کنند، اما اکنون به ابزارهایی که فقط شرکت های بزرگ دارند دسترسی یافته اند. در نظرسنجی انجام شده در سراسر جهان، نیمی از شرکت های ثبت شده در فیس بوک، اشاره کردند که از زمانی که آنها به ما پیوستند، آنها مردم بیشتر را استخدام کردند. آنها از خدمات ما برای ایجاد میلیون ها شغل و محل کار استفاده می کنند.
ما همیشه اعتقاد داشتیم که فناوری با ایجاد فرصت ها برای تعداد بیشتر افراد مربوط است. اگر به دنیا اعتقاد داشته باشید که در آن هر فرد فرصتی برای استفاده از صدای خود و شانس برابر برای شنیدن دارد، جایی که هر کسی می تواند از صفر یک کار تجاری را شروع کند، مهم است که فناوری هایی را ایجاد کنیم که برای همه مفید و قابل دسترس باشد. ما هر روز یک چنین جهان را ایجاد می کنیم، و مدل بازرگانی ما، این را ممکن و میسر می سازد.<|endoftext|>(1)
二子就因为行二,家里都这么叫他,别人也习惯了这么喊他。
二子的父亲去朝鲜打过仗,让弹片削去了一条腿,后来就安了一个假肢,那时候的技术还不行,还做不出假膝盖,上楼梯的时候真是拖着一条腿,看起来就费劲。
这个拖着一条腿的男人是一个研究所的党委书记。到了文革,突然就有人说他的假腿里藏了一个发报机,说他是个特务,然后就让人批斗。
二子上中学了,他看到父亲站在台上低着个头,台下的人往他身上扔各种可以拿到手的东西,石头瓦块的,找不到东西的人甚至脱了鞋扔过去,父亲一动也不动,低着头。二子看不到他的表情。
后来有人嚷嚷:“让他跪下!让他跪下!”
父亲这时候抬起了头,他的脸是青的,他说我跪不下。
台下的人不干,说: “什么?你跪不下,跪不下也得跪。”
父亲真的跪不下,他的一条腿是假的,没有膝盖。二子知道他真的跪不下——
晚上父亲回到家,破衣烂衫。母亲吓得浑身发抖
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كه ميتوانند رشد كنند را محدود ميكند. به رغم تلاشهاي قابل ملاحظه روشهاي اصلاح سنتي تنها به پيشرفتهاي نسبتاً جزئي تحمل به سرما منجر شده است. براي مثال، تحمل به سرما در گونههاي قوي گندم امروزه همانند عمل تحمل به سرما در گونههاي گسترش يافته در مراحل اوليه اين قرن است. دانش مبناي مولكولي تحمل به سرما و سازگاري با هواي سرد ميتواند بهطور اساسي به گسترش استراتژيهاي جديد جهت بهبود تحمل سرما منجر شود و باعث افزايش عملكرد گياه و محدوده زراعي گياه شود. دماي يخ زدن محدوده و ميزان رشد محيطي را ارائه ميدهد و از طرف ديگر ميزان گسترش و پخش گياهان را نيز نشان ميدهند. بسياري از گياهان حارهاي و غيرحارهاي توانايي بسيار كمي در جهت تحمل دماهاي پايين را دارا ميباشند و در دماهاي زير 10 درجه متحمل آسيبهاي فراوان ميشوند برعكس گياهان مناطق معتدل داراي مكانيزمي ميباشند كه بهوسيله آن قادر ميباشند تا توانايي خود را در برابر دماهاي پايين و يخزدگي بالا ببرند. در طبيعت سازگاري به وسیله كاهش دما در اواخر پاييز و اوايل زمستان به وجود ميآيد و اين ممكن است در گياهان آزمايشگاهي تا 6-2 درجه سانتی گراد نيز برسد كه در اين شرايط نور كافي و مناسب نيز براي آنها تأمين ميشود (بسته به نوع و گونههاي مختلف تغيير ميكند).
سازگاري با سرما فرآيند بسيار پيچيدهاي ميباشد و شامل تغييرات فيزيولوژيكي و بيوشيميايي ميباشد و چنين حدس زده ميشود كه صدها نوع از ژن ها ميتوانند در اين فرآيند شركت كنند. در سال 1985 گاي در مقالهاي بيان كرد كه در طي سازگاري با آب و هواي سرد تغييراتي در بيان ژن صورت ميگيرد. از آن به بعد هدف اصلي در تحقيق سازگاري با آب و هواي سرد در جهت تشخيص ژن هاي پاسخگوي به سرما و تعيين اين امر بوده است كه آيا آنها در تحمل به سرما نقشي دارند يا خير؟ اين تفكر به اين شكل بوده است كه بسياري از ژن هاي پاسخگوي به سرما احتمالاً تغييرات بيوشيميايي و فيزيولوژيكي لازم براي رشد و گسترش گياه در دماي پايين ايجاد ميسازند. ديگر ژن ها نيز ممكن است در تحمل به سرما نقش داشته باشند. هدف اصلي اين امر روشن ساختن گسترش اخير كه بيانگر اين امر است كه ژن هاي پاسخگوي به سرما در اصل به تحمل به سرما مربوط ميشوند.
آسيبهاي ناشي از انجماد در گياهان
با كاهش دما به زير صفر درجه سانتی گراد، يخ بهطور عمده در فضاهاي بين سلولي بافت گياهي شكل ميگيرد كه در موقعيتي در مقابل مايع درون سلولي ايجاد ميشود كه بخشي از آن به اين علت است كه فضاي بين سلولي عموماً داراي نقطه انجماد بالايي نسبت به مايع درون سلولي (سيتوپلاسم) ميباشد به علاوه ممكن است كه سطوح نسبي عوامل غيريكنواخت تشكيلدهنده يخ را كه در داخل و خارج سلول وجود دارند منعكس ميكند. در غياب عوامل يكنواخت تشكيلدهنده يخ آب در يك وضعيت فوقالعاده سرد در دماي 38- درجه سانتی گراد يكنواخت باقي ميماند.
جمعآوري و يا تشكيل يخ در فضاهاي بين سلولي ميتواند بهطور اساسي به تخريب فيزيكي سلولها و بافتها منجر شود كه اين تخريب با ايجاد چسبندگي بين يخ بين سلولي و ديوارههاي سلول و غشاء ايجاد ميشود. به هرحال اكثر اين آسيب و صدمه از دهيدراسيون سلولي شديد ناشي ميشود كه با انجماد رخ ميدهد. در دماي زير صفر، پتانسيل شيميايي يخ كمتر از آب مايع است بنابراين زماني كه يخ در فضاهاي بين سلولي شكل ميگيرد در اينجا كاهش در پتانسيل آب خارج از سلول وجود دارد. در نتيجه در اينجا حركت آب غيرانجماد براساس شيب پتانسيل شيميايي از محيط درون سلول به فضاهاي بين سلولي وجود دارد. ميزان خالص آب حركتي موردنياز جهت تبديل سيستم به يك حالت تعادل شيميايي به تجمع مايع اوليه سيال بين سلولي و دماي زير صفر بستگي دارد كه مستقيماً پتانسيل شيميايي يخ را تعيين ميكند. در دماي 10- درجه سانتی گراد بيش از %90 آب فعال اسمزي از درون سلول به فضاهاي بين سلولي حركت ميكند و اسمز آب درون سلولي و آب منجمد نشده بين سلولي متجاوز از Osm5 خواهد بود.
دهيدراسيون تحريك شده توسط انجماد ميتواند چندين تأثير و يا عامل داشته باشد كه به آسيب سلولي منجر ميشوند مثل تغيير شكل پروتئينها و انقباض مولكولهاي متعدد. بهرحال بيشترين صدمه مستند شده در سطح غشاء اتفاق ميافتد. تحليلهاي كامل در اين مورد نشان دادهاند كه دهيدراسيون ناشي از انجماد ميتواند باعث ضايعات و صدمات متفاوتي در غشاي سلول شود. در دماهاي انجماد نسبتاً بالا بين 2- و 4- درجه سانتی گراد بيشترين آسيب در گياهان ناسازگار شامل تجزيه ناشي از انبساط ميباشد كه توسط انقباض اسمزي و چرخه انبساط ناشي از انجماد، رخ ميدهد. در دماهاي پايينتر، بين 4- و 10- درجه سانتی گراد بيشترين آسيب و صدمه در گياهان ناسازگار شامل انتقال لايهاي شدن ناشي از انجماد به فاز 2 هگزاگونال است.
در دماهاي زير 10- درجه سانتی گراد با پتانسيلهاي پايين آب و دهيدراسيون بالا شكلهاي ديگري از آسيب غشاء اتفاق ميافتد از جمله صدمات ناشي از شكستن ناگهاني و جهشي كه اين نوع صدمات غشاء به صورت ترك خورده در غشاي سلول با ميكروسكوپ الكتروني قابل مشاهده است و همچنين غشاي كلروپلاست را نيز تحتتأثير قرار ميدهد.
تشكيل مرحله 2 هگزاگونال به عنوان لايههاي زندهاي ميباشد كه فقط در نواحي زنده گياه تشكيل ميشوند و كار آن برقراري ارتباط بين غشاي پلاسمايي و غشاي كلروپلاست ميباشد. اين دو نوع غشاي يخ زده با پروتوپلاستهاي جدا شده از بافتهاي ناسازگار ارتباط برقرار ميكند و اين خود باعث سازگاري اين نوع بافت با سرما ميشود. روش معمولي براي معين كردن اساس بيوشيميايي مقاومت در برابر سرما به وسیله مقايسه كردن اجزاي مختلف گياهان مقاوم و غيرمقاوم در برابر سرما صورت ميگيرد. تغييرات عظيم و بزرگ فيزيولوژيكي و بيوشيميايي معمولاً در طي زمان مقاومت در برابر سرما ايجاد ميشوند كه اين تغييرات در شكل زير نشان داده شدهاند:
تغييرات قابل توجهي كه در اين زمينه به وجود ميآيد شامل كاهش ميزان آب در سلولها و افزايش اسيد در سلولهاي گياهي ميدهد و از طرف ديگر تغييراتي در ميزان آبسزيك اسيد (ABA) و تغييراتي در غشاي ليپيدي گياهان نيز ايجاد ميشود و ميزان آنتي اكسيدان هانيز بر طبق مطالعات افراد افزايش مييابد و اين پاسخهاي متنوع و پيچيده داراي فرآيندهاي بسيار پيچيدهاي ميباشند و در ميزان مقاومت گياهان در برابر سرما نقش اساسي دارند.
مكانيسمهاي تحمل به سرما
مكانيسمهايي كه ميتوانند بهطور اساسي به تحمل به سرما مربوط شود؛ شامل كمك به ممانعت و يا پيشگيري از تغيير شكل پروتئينها و جلوگيري از متراكم شدن مولكولها و كاهش آسيب مستقيم فيزيكي ايجاد شده توسط شكلگيري يخ در فضاي بين سلولي ميباشد. چيزي كه مشخص است اين است كه سازگاري با هواي سرد شامل تثبيت غشاهاي سلولي در برابر آسيب ناشي از انجماد ميباشد. در اصل، در حالي كه غشاهاي پلاسمايي گياهان ناسازگار با سرما تجزيه ناشي از انبساط و گسترش و شكلگيري فاز 2 هگزاگونال را تحمل ميكنند ولي غشاي پلاسمايي گياهان سازگار با سرما اين مشكل را ندارند. تثبيت غشاءها در برابر آسيب ناشي از انجماد به نظر ميرسد كه شامل چندين مكانيسم باشد. استپنكوس و وب (1992) شواهدي فراهم آوردهاند كه افزايش تحمل گياه نسبت به سرما كه در شرايط اقليمي سرد رخ ميدهد شامل تغييراتي در بافت چربي غشاء ميباشد.
تغييراتي كه ميتواند به افزايش تحمل گياه نسبت به سرما مربوط باشد شامل افزايش سطح اسيدهاي چرب غيراشباع در غشاء فسفوليپيدي و تغييراتي در سطح و نوع استرول هاي غشاء و سربروسيدها. به علاوه جمعآوري ساكاروز و ديگر شكرهاي ساده عمدتاً با سازگاري با هواي سرد اتفاق ميافتد كه به نظر ميرسد كه به تثبيت غشاي پلاسمايي مربوط ميشود، از آنجايي كه اين مولكولها ميتوانند از غشاء در برابر آسيب ناشي از انجماد در شرايط آزمايشگاهي محافظت كنند؛ شواهد ژنتيكي قابل دسترسي وجود دارند كه ميتوانند نقش مواد قندي را در تعيين مقاومت گياه در برابر سرما تعيين نمايند. در نهايت همان طوري كه گفته شد در اينجا شهودي وجود دارد كه عمدتاً پليپپتيدهاي آب دوست به تثبيت غشاء در برابر آسيب ناشي از انجماد كمك ميكند. تغييراتي كه در ساختار غشاي پلاسمايي صورت ميگيرد در طول مدت 6 ساعت انجام ميگيرد. غشاي ليپيدي در ارتباط كامل با كلروپلاستها ميباشد كه در همه انواع و گونههاي گياهان قابل مشاهده ميباشد. از طرف ديگر تركيبات ليپيدي موجب افزايش ميزان مقاومت گياهان در برابر سرما ميشود. بسياري از نقشهايي كه براي مواد قندي در بالا بردن ميزان مقاومت در برابر سرما پيشنهاد و تعيين ميشود شامل نقشهاي آنزيمي آنها ميباشد و همچنين وجود مولكولهايي خاص نيز باعث افزايش ميزان مقاومت در برابر سرما ميشود. دهيدراسيون فراواني در طول مدت انجماد از سطح گياه صورت ميگيرد. بنابراين مواد قندي تنها براي افزايش ميزان مقاومت در برابر سرما كافي نميباشد. همچنين مقاومت گياه در برابر سرما شامل سطوح بالاي پرولين در گياه ميباشد.
منابع
Anderson JV, Li QB, Haskell DW, Guy CL (1994) Structural organization of the spinach endoplasmic reticulum-luminal 70-kilodalton heat-shock cognate gene and expression of 70-kilodalton heat-shock genes during cold acclimation. Plant Physiol 104: 1359-1370 [Abstract]
Artus NN, Uemura M, Steponkus PL, Gilmour SJ, Lin C, Thomashow MF (1996) Constitutive expression of the cold-regulated Arabidopsis thaliana COR15a gene affects both chloroplast and protoplast freezing tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 13404-13409 [Abstract/Free Full Text]
Cohen A, Plant AL, Moses MS, Bray EA (1991) Organ-specific and environmentally regulated expression of two abscisic acid-induced genes of tomato. Plant Physiol 97: 1367-1374 [Abstract/Free Full Text]
Thomashow. M (1998) Role of cold- Responsive Genes in plant Freezing Tolerance. American Society of plant physiologists.
Xin .Z & Browse .J.(2000) Cold Comfort fram: the acclimation of plants to freezing temperatures. Blackwell Sience .23,893-902.
موضوعات مرتبط: اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی
بررسی میزان فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز (POX)
ارزیابی میزان فعالیت پراکسیداز طبق روش محمدی و همکاران
دو میلی لیتر مخلوط واکنش شامل مقداری از عصاره (که دارای 40 میکروگرم پروتئین باشد)،20 میکرولیتر گوئیکول و مقدار کافی بافر سیترات-فسفات (Ph=5.4) طوری که حجم نهایی دو میلی لیتر باشد، در یک لوله کوچک آزمایش کاملاً مخلوط گردد و دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر با استفاده از این مخلوط صفر شود. دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر روی برنامه کینتیک (J2POX) با مشخصات طول موج لاندا ماکزیمم برابر با 475 نانومتر، زمان یک دقیقه، فواصل زمانی 10 ثانیه و جذب نور(absorbance) تنظیم و سپس 10 میکرولیتر H2O230 درصد به مخلوط اضافه و سریعأ مخلوط و تغییرات جذب نور با فواصل 10 ثانیه و به مدت یک دقیقه اندازه گیری گردد.
طرز تهیه بافر سیترات- فسفات 25 میلی مول با Ph=5.4(311 میلی لیتر)
-محلول پایه 1/0 مولار اسید سیتریک (پایه A)
2.1014 gr/100mlاسیدسیتریک
-محلول پایه 2/0 مولار فسفات سدیم (Na2HPO4) (پایه B)
22.2ml A +27.8ml B + 261ml d H2O=311ML
با استفاده از دستگاه pH متر و اسیدکلریدریک و NaOH غلیظ، Ph محلول تنظیم شود.
طرز تهیه محلول گوئیکول 200 میلی مول
تهیه محلول پایه یک مولار
Guaiacol.FW=124.1
1M=1.11 g/ml
200µM=111.8µl از محلول پایه یک مولار / 5ml d H2O
ارزیابی میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز (CAT)
سه میلی لیتر بافر فسفات سدیم 50 میلی مول pH=7 با مقداری عصاره که دارای 30 میکروگرم پروتئین باشد مخلوط و دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر با استفاده از این مخلوط صفر گردد. دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر روی برنامه کینتیک (J1CAT) با مشخصات مشخصات طول موج لاندا ماکزیمم برابر با 240 نانومتر، زمان یک دقیقه، فواصل زمانی 10 ثانیه و جذب نور absorbance)) تنظیم گردد. سپس 30 میکرولیتر پراکسید هیدروژن به مخلوط اضافه شده و بلافاصله تغییرات جذب نور آن با فواصل زمانی 10 ثانیه و به مدت یک دقیقه اندازه گیری می شود.
طرز تهیه بافر فسفات سدیم 50 میلی مولpH=7 (200 میلی لیتر)
محلول پایه یک مولار اسیداستیک (پایه A)
6.005 gr/ 100ml d H2O
محلول پایه یک مولار استات سدیم (پایه B)
8.203 gr /100 ml d H2O
3.9 ml A+ 6.1 ml B+190 ml d H2O= 200 ml
با استفاده از دستگاه pH متر و اسیدکلریدریک غلیظ و NaOH ، Ph محلول تنظیم شود.
موضوعات مرتبط: اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی<|endoftext|>Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Ekonomi ve İş Yaz Okulu (SSEB), dünyanın en güzel ve en hareketli şehirlerinden birinde ufuklarınızı genişletmek için en üstteki bir üniversitede okuyan eşsiz bir fırsattır.
Çalışmalarınıza yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırmak, dünyanın dört bir yanından yeni arkadaşlar edinmek, kendinizi farklı bir kültüre bırakmak ve kendiniz hakkında yeni şeyler keşfetmek için sizi bu yaşam boyu yolculuğa çıkarmaya davet ediyoruz! UAM'ın yüksek kaliteli kurslarından bazılarını sunan özel bir 4 haftalık çalışma programına katılın. Bunların hepsi, UAM İktisadi ve Ticari Araştırmalar Fakültesi'nin en iyi profesörleri ve araştırmacıları tarafından İngilizce olarak öğretilmektedir.
Yaz Okulu Ekonomi ve İşletme, Kamu Politikası, Çevre Vergileri, İklim Değişikliği Ekonomisi, Küresel Pazarlama Yönetimi ve diğer ileri ekonomi disiplinlerinin yönetiminde akademik zenginleşmeyi hedefleyen uluslararası ve yerli öğrencileri hedeflemektedir.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), dünyanın en iyi üniversitelerinden biridir. 50 yaşın altındaki dünyanın en iyi üniversitelerini vurgulayan 50 yaş altı QS Top 50, sıralamada İspanya'da 1, Avrupa'da 3, Avrupa'da 10'dur.
UAM Hakkında
UAM, İspanya'da araştırma
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letter in position three, two dots. Try using this method to decode the following:
Materials found in Baloo's Bugle may be used by Scouters for Scouting activities provided that USSSP, Baloo's Bugle and the original contributors are cited as the source of the material.
Materials found at the U. S. Scouting Service Project, Inc. Website ©1997-2002 may be reproduced and used locally by Scouting volunteers for training purposes consistent with the programs of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) or other Scouting and Guiding Organizations. No material found here may be used or reproduced for electronic redistribution or for commercial or other non-Scouting purposes without the express permission of the U. S. Scouting Service Project, Inc. (USSSP) or other copyright holders. USSSP is not affiliated with BSA and does not speak on behalf of BSA. Opinions expressed on these web pages are those of the web authors.The U.S. Scouting Service Project is maintained by the Project Team. Please use our Suggestion Form to contact us. All holdings subject to this Disclaimer. The USSSP is Proud to be hosted by Data393.com.<|endoftext|>让我们在这里花点时间重新组合。通过屏幕，我已经感受到了困惑、温和的眼卷和对我的幸福的真正关心。是的，您正确阅读了标题。Tinder（判断性轻扫、挑衅性的公开尝试进入您的裤子，以及偶尔在收件箱中未经请求的裸体）应用，应放在出发前检查表上。
Tinder 已经是了解您所在地区人员的好方法，但使用巧妙也可以作为与国外旅行地的人见面的地方。现在，使用 Tinder Social，您和您的朋友可以分组刷卡，同时与多人匹配。人多，压力小，有机会与包括国外在内的各界人士见面。
为了测试这一点，我的朋友Alina和我整理了我们的Tinder个人资料，然后全都进去了，对包括外国国旗、旅行的热爱，以及坦率地说，对洛杉矶地区所提供的所有华丽男人，都进行了向右轻扫。
对我来说，丁德是在我到达之前获得一些关于我留学城市的一些情报的一种方式。
我们很快意识到，与国外人士会面的关键是将我们搬到我们的传记中纳入其中。”两周后搬到英国，所以在男孩的时候向右滑动，”我在我的简历中写道，而阿莉娜则支持这个sassy，”仅仅因为我星期天要下下去，并不意味着你可以下到我下面。辉煌。
现在是时候试试这个理论了。我们最终与至少15名来自澳大利亚和英国的球员配对，其中包括一个男孩，本，他实际上参加了我预定的大学。他表示愿意担任我的私人导游，我高兴地给了他我的联系信息。我还遇到了来自英国各地的伟大人士，他们给了我深刻的见解，更重要的是，我放心，约克是一个惊人的城市，我会立刻喜欢它。
对我来说，Tinder是我到达之前获得一些关于约克的情报，甚至让我找到一个可爱的英国人护送我到酒吧去酒吧。对于一些人来说，这可能是有点出他们的舒适区，或不是真正访问由于他们居住的地区，因为Tinder工作在你的当前位置。
作为替代方案，我建议查看您的学校和您要搬到的城镇的 Reddit 线程，以寻求建议。Reddit 允许您提出问题、评论、回复和与大量了解您所询问的社区的友好人士互动。
不管你如何去，与知道你要去的地方的人互动是一个伟大的安慰来源之前，你跨越池塘或头下。如果你幸运的话，你的国外丁德比赛最终可能是留学天堂里的比赛。<|endoftext|>Il 21 e il 22 aprile sono stati giorni davvero strani nel parco nazionale di Yellowstone; una videocamera cattura gli eventi misteriosi che si sono verificati.
Una telecamera che trasmette live situata a Yellowstone è riuscita a catturare una sfera luminosa che si avvicina al parco per poi esplodere.
Nel video poi si vede che i ranger del parco si avvicinano all’area per verificare cosa è successo e accendono le loro torce puntando verso qualcosa di “sconosciuto” sul terreno. Non c’è certezza di ciò che i ranger del parco hanno visto. Non è noto se si tratta di una persona, un animale o qualcos’altro; tuttavia, non sembra essere una persona.
Ma non è tutto; il giorno seguente un’enigmatica colonna di luce che si è levata verso il cielo sorprendendo i testimoni; aveva l’aspetto di un triangolo bianco definito che a poco a poco ha cominciato a cambiare forma.
Più tardi apparve un’altra anomalia, era qualcosa che può essere descritto come una bolla traslucida. Questa anomalia apparve all’estrema sinistra (come si vede nel video) per poi spostarsi in direzione dove si trovava il triangolo.
Dopo pochi minuti, questa strana forma si spostò verso il basso fino a quando si nascose dietro un tumulo per poi dirigersi verso alcuni alberi situati nella zona. Pochi minuti dopo, un elicottero è apparso sulla scena, aggiungendo più mistero a questa situazione.
Come si può vedere, l’elicottero stava cercando di trovare qualcosa, perché il riflettore puntava verso il suolo durante il volo a bassa quota.
Sebbene non vi sia alcuna conferma di ciò che è accaduto, un commentatore ha riferito che il mattino seguente è stato trovato un cadavere a terra. È possibile che ciò che ha catturato la webcam vicino al geyser Old Faithful sia stato proprio questo e che i fatti siano correlati?
Cosa sta succedendo a Yellowstone? Questi eventi hanno qualche relazione con l’aumento dell’attività del supervulcano?
#Hackthematrix
Il primo video mostra la sfera luminosa, la presenza dei ranger del parco e l’incidente con un possibile cadavere.
Il secondo video mostra la strana forma simile a una bolla trasparente e anche la forma anomala simile a un triangolo bianco.<|endoftext|>The Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus (CMP) was established in 1981 by an agreement between the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities with the backing of the United Nations (UN), to determine the fate of persons reported missing in inter-communal fighting in the 1960s, and as a result of the events of 1974. A total of 493 Turkish Cypriots and 1,508 Greek Cypriots were officially reported as missing by both communities to the CMP.
For two years, the UN has been exhuming mass graves across Cyprus, reviving harrowing memories of the bloodshed in which 2,000 Greek and Turkish Cypriots disappeared without trace. Angelique Chrisafis explains how finding her uncle’s remains after 34 years has helped her family – but also raised painful new questions about the fate of those still missing
Healing the wounds of a divided island. The tragic events in the 1960s and 1970s affecting Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots left a brutal mark on the island.
NICOSIA, Cyprus (AP) — With glue gun in hand, Turkish Cypriot anthropologist Sinem Hossoz meticulously pieces together tiny fragments — the pulverized skull of a child, one of the youngest victims of conflict on ethnically divided Cyprus.
To lose a loved one is painful enough, but imagine bereavement without a body to mourn: the Cypriot families still waiting for relatives to be found. Broadcast 1 October 2014
In the 1960s and 1970s, hundreds of Cypriots disappeared. Now, there is a renewed effort to find out what happened to them – mass graves are being dug up and a laboratory in Sarajevo is helping to identify the bodies.<|endoftext|>To use the blood glucose meter a user pricks their finger to release a small amount of blood. This blood is then placed on a test strip and is read by the meter. If you have type 1 diabetes, you’ll probably check your blood glucose at least six times a day, though it is not uncommon for people to check much more than this. Bear in mind that the more often a person checks their glucose, the lower their HbA1c is likely to be.
What type of blood glucose meters are there?
There is a huge range of blood glucose meters on the market, with over forty meters currently available in the UK. They usually have some common components such as a lancet to prick the finger, a digital display, and a place to insert the strip.
Some meters include lights so that they can be used in the dark – a light where the strip goes in can be particularly useful.
How do I choose a blood glucose meter?
Be sure to research the different types of blood glucose meter and ask your healthcare professionals about the different features that might benefit you, and which meters are easily available locally.
There are some smartphone apps such as MySugr and RapidCalc which will calculate meal and correction boluses for you, including some open source (unregulated) options.
Access to sufficient test strips / choice of brand
Has your GP changed the quantity or type of blood glucose test strips that you get on prescription – without asking you? If so, you’re not alone.
Across the UK, Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) (in England) and Local Health Boards (in Scotland & Wales) are attempting to reduce the cost of diabetes care by limiting the number of blood glucose test strips available on prescription. Some authorities are requiring people with diabetes to use a particular blood glucose meter so they can buy strips in bulk at lower prices.
Saving money within the NHS should be encouraged, provided that the changes needed are consistent with National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines and clinical evidence. NICE guidelines NG17 (for adults with type 1 diabetes) and NG18 (for children and young people with diabetes) support the need for blood glucose monitors that are most suitable for the individual patient.
NG17 (for adults with type 1 diabetes) says:
1.6.17 When choosing blood glucose meters:
- Take the needs of the adult with type 1 diabetes into account.
- Ensure that meters meet current ISO standards.
and NG18 says:
1.2.60 Offer children and young people with type 1 diabetes and their family members or carers (as appropriate) a choice of equipment for monitoring capillary blood glucose, so they can optimise their blood glucose in response to adjustment of insulin, diet and exercise.
Yet in some cases, individuals’ needs and preferences have not been taken into account. This tendency to discount patients as stakeholders needs to be addressed in order to maintain and improve the quality of diabetes care in the UK.
Obtaining adequate glucose testing strips
It has often been said that 99% of diabetes care is self-care: many people with type 1 diabetes spend less than 24 hours in the company of diabetes care professionals in an average year. Patients’ ability to self-manage diabetes depends on access to appropriate resources, including both drugs and blood glucose monitoring.
NICE NG17 and NG18 (published in August 2015) sets out advice for commissioners and clinical teams on how many test strips should be used (and therefore prescribed by your GP):
1.6.10 Support adults with type 1 diabetes to test at least 4 times a day, and up to 10 times a day if any of the following apply:
(the list of circumstances that may demand more than four tests a day include illness, pregnancy, sport, and experiencing more hypos.)
1.2.59 Enable additional blood glucose testing (more than 10 times a day) for adults with type 1 diabetes if this is necessary because of the person’s lifestyle (for example, driving for a long period of time, undertaking high‑risk activity or occupation, travel) or if the person has impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia.
1.2.58 Advise children and young people with type 1 diabetes and their family members or carers (as appropriate) to routinely perform at least 5 capillary blood glucose tests per day.
1.2.59 Advise children and young people with type 1 diabetes and their family members or carers (as appropriate) that more frequent testing is often needed (for example with physical activity and during intercurrent illness), and ensure they have enough test strips for this.
If your GP does not give you adequate test strips on the grounds of cost, this simple statement may be all you need to persuade them: ‘If you think test strips are expensive, wait until you see how much it costs when I don’t test.’
If that argument doesn’t work, you could try the following steps in order:
- Discuss the matter with your GP. Even though it might seem obvious, say you have type 1 diabetes and have different needs from someone with type 2 diabetes.
- Ask your GP practice manager why they are not prescribing in line with NICE clinical guidance.
- Print the letter from NHS England and show it to your GP
- Ask your diabetes consultant or diabetes specialist nurse to write to the GP to explain your individual clinical needs with regard to blood glucose testing.
- Raise the matter with your CCG/Local Health Board. Your GP will be able to give you the relevant contact information. In many parts of the country, local policies do not distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
- Contact your local MP and ask them to help you resolve the situation.
If you would like support in following these steps, please contact us.<|endoftext|>امیر عابدزاده: نهایت تلاشم را می کنم جواب اعتماد کی روش را بدهم
به گزارش ورزش 11 و به نقل از تسنیم، امیر عابدزاده توسط کارلوس کی روش به اردوی تیم ملی فوتبال ایران برای حضور در جام جهانی 2018 روسیه فراخوانده شده است. بر اساس گزارش روزنامه «رکورد» پرتغال با قرار گرفتن نام عابدزاده در لیست نهایی سفر به روسیه این برای اولین بار خواهد بود که باشگاه ماریتیمو یک نماینده در مرحله پایانی یک تورنمنت فوتبالیِ معتبر ملی خواهد داشت.
عابدزاده 25 ساله که دومین فصل حضورش در فوتبال پرتغال را سپری می کند، پیش از پیوستنش به ماریتیمو در سال 2017، سابقه بازی در تیم های لاندن تایگرز انگلیس، لس آنجلس بلوز آمریکا، پرسپولیس و راه آهن ایران و باریرنسه پرتغال را دارد.
امیر عابدزاده که اخیراً عنوان بهترین دروازه بان فصل 18-2017 ماریتیمو را از آن خود کرد، در گفت وگو با سایت رسمی این باشگاه پرتغالی گفت: این افتخاری بزرگ برای من است که اولین بازیکن تاریخ باشگاه ماریتیمو هستم که در جام جهانی حضور پیدا می کند. باید از همه از جمله مربیان، هم تیمی هایم، کادر فنی و هواداران بابت حمایتی که همیشه از من داشته اند، تشکر کنم. همچنین باید یک تشکر ویژه از رئیس باشگاه ماریتیمو داشته باشم.
وی ادامه داد: سعی می کنم تا پاسخ اعتماد سرمربی (کی روش) را بدهم و بهترین عملکردم را در جام جهانی ارائه دهم تا چهره خوبی هم از ماریتیمو به نمایش بگذارم.
سایت ورزش 11، بصورت کاملا خصوصی فعالیت می کند و هیچگونه وابستگی به ارگان و یا سازمان دولتی ندارد، جهت حمایت از این سایت مردمی، ما را به دوستان و آشنایان خود معرفی کنید.<|endoftext|>به گزارش اقتصادنیوز به نقل از فارس، کاظم غریب آبادی سفیر و نماینده دائم ایران در آژانس بین المللی انرژی اتمی دقایقی پیش و در راستای اجرای مصوبه مجلس در خصوص توقف نظارت های فراپادمانی و اجرای داوطلبانه پروتکل الحاقی اعلام کرد: همه دسترسی های تکمیلی آژانس از نیمه شب امشب متوقف می شود.
وی افزود: از ساعت ١٢ امشب چیزی به نام تعهدات فراتر از پادمان نداریم.
غریب آبادی گفت: دستورات لازم به تاسیسات هسته ای صادر شده است.
فردا (سه شنبه) پنجم اسفند ماه در راستای اجرای ماده ششم قانون اقدام راهبردی برای لغو تحریم ها و صیانت از منافع ملت ایران، نظارت های فراپادمانی و اجرای داوطلبانه پروتکل الحاقی متوقف می شود. دولت نیز امشب در بیانیه ای اعلام کرد که - دولت جمهوری اسلامی ایران، صرفنظر از دیدگاههای کارشناسی و مواضع صادقانه، انقلابی و ملی خود که صحت و دقت آنها تاکنون به اثبات رسیده است، خود را موظف به اجرای قوانین کشور و منجمله قانون اقدام راهبردی برای لغو تحریمها و صیانت از منافعملت ایران مصوب مجلس دانسته و کلیه اقدامات لازم را بر اساس آئین نامه مصوب خود و حتی سریع تر از زمان تعیین شده توسطمجلس شورای اسلامی انجام داده و توقف اجرای اقدامات داوطلبانه فراتر از پروتکل الحاقی از تاریخ ۵ اسفندماه ۱۳۹۹ را در تاریخ ۲۷بهمن ۱۳۹۹ (۱۵ فوریه ۲۰۲۱) رسماً به اطلاع آژانس بینالمللی انرژی اتمی رسانده و از تاریخ ۵ اسفندماه عملیاتی خواهد کرد.<|endoftext|>In Samoa recently, villagers gathered on a roadside overlooking the ocean to examine maps on an iPad. Since 2012, this strip of coastline – long prized for its fishing and other resources – has suffered multiple cyclones and storms, devastating farms and communities.
The maps being used by villagers are not run-of-the-mill cartography. Laser imaging mounted on aircrafts is being used to equip government officials with three-dimensional maps, which communities can use to identify flooding and landslide risk, protect roads and homes, change their fishing routes, and plan evacuation.
“This type of aerial imaging is just one of the impressive set of innovations we are seeing in small islands states,” said Ede Ijjasz Vasquez, Senior Director at the World Bank Group’s Social, Urban, Rural and Resilience Global Practice. “As the community mapping exercise demonstrates, these tiny nations are not taking climate change lying down. They know that sustainable development can’t be achieved unless we reduce the risk of disaster.”
Samoa is one of the 39 small island states on the front lines of climate change and intensifying natural disasters. Just last week, the UN announced that 175 nations signed the Paris climate treaty and that 15 countries – many of them small islands states – have already taken the next step of ratifying the agreement.
“Small island states are the most vulnerable when it comes to natural disasters,” said Sofia Bettencourt, Lead Operations Officer at the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery. “Climate change magnifies the risk and increases the costs of
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