step
int64 0
13.9k
| grad_acc_step
int64 -1
6
| seq_idx
int64 0
3
| text
stringlengths 1.49k
21.7k
|
|---|---|---|---|
31 | 2 | 0 |
that is sure to please children. Teachers will appreciate this book’s multi-cultural message and tie in to units on fables and legends and Chinese history. This book is highly recommended for school and classroom libraries, and for students ages 7 to 10.
Information on author Barbara Bockman is at www.barbarabockman.com
Information on artist Carl Kocich is at http://www.carlkocich.com/
Barbara Bockman, Carl Kocich, Han, the mysterious pearl, the River God, Chinese legend, moral dilemmas, ethics, China, fable, legend, history, cormorants, fishermen. Türklerin damga vurduğu Reddit Place yeniden başladı!
İlki 2017'de düzenlenen, Reddit kullanıcılarının beş dakikada bir yalnızca bir pikseli ekrana koyabildiği Reddit Place'in ikincisi geçtiğimiz yıl gerçekleştirilmişti. 1 Nisan'da başlayıp dört gün süren etkinlik, çok fazla ilgi toplayarak internet tarihinin en büyük olaylarından birine dönüşmüştü. 2022 yılında birçok muazzam eserin ortaya çıktığı etkinliğe Türk kullanıcılar da damgasını vurmuştu.
Bugün ise beklenen oldu ve etkinliğin bir sonraki ayağı başladı. Reddit'in bu sefer beş yıl beklememesi de dikkat çekti. Ayrıca 1 Nisan'da başlamayarak geleneğin bozulması da kullanıcıları şaşırttı. Bir Reddit çalışanı, etkinliğin normalde nisanda başlayacağını ancak ertelendiğini ifade etti.
Etkinlik, Reddit'in son zamanlardaki kararlarını eleştirmek için kullanılmaya başladı bile
Etkinliğeprotestolar başlamıştı.
Bu yüzden bu yılki etkinliğin şirketi protesto etmek için kullanılma ihtimali çok yüksek. Kullanıcılar, Reddit'in Place duyurusu gönderisinin altına daha şimdiden sert eleştirilerde bulunmaya başladı. Ayrıca tuvalin şu anki hâlinden şirket CEO'su Steve Huffman'a yüklenildiğini de görebiliyoruz. CEO'nun uygulamadaki isminin "spez" olduğunu belirtelim. Tüm bunlar, etkinlik boyunca şirketi eleştirmeye yönelik eserler göreceğimizin bir göstergesi. Cosa vuol dire quando cane e gatto appoggiano la testa sul muro?
Se il vostro cane o gatto appoggiano la testa sul muro e rimangono in questa posizione per diverso tempo, apparendo anche in contemporanea in stato confusionale e non presenti, non lo stanno facendo perché sono stanchi: se il cane o il gatto è stanco di stare in piedi semplicemente si sdraia dove si trova. L’appoggiare la testa sul muro è un sintomo di grave danno neurologico, quindi è un’emergenza veterinaria: va contattato subito il vostro veterinario perché le cause di questo problema sono parecchie.
Le principali cause di Head Pressing
In inglese si parla di Head Pressing: il cane o il gatto appoggiano la testa contro una superficie verticale, di solito un muro o anche un oggetto e rimangono fermi lì. Non è un comportamento di gioco o di stanchezza, è una manifestazione di un problema più serio. E’ molto importante che i proprietari imparino a riconoscere questo atteggiamento per quello che è e non perdano tempo inutile filmando il cane e postando per gioco il video su YouTube. Se il cane sta male dovete andare dal veterinario, non ottenere Like su YouTube.
Il problema è che sono tantissime le cause di Head Pressing:
- un trauma cranico
- tumori primari o secondari
- encefalopatia epatica
- shunt portosistemico
- problemi metabolici come la sindrome uremica in corso di insufficienza renale
- malattie degenerative
- avvelenamenti o intossicazioni (per esempio da piombo)
- uno squilibrio del sodio (sia sodio troppo basso che sodio troppo alto)
- problemi vascolari simili all’ictus in umana
- disturbi di circolo
- malattie parassitarie, tipico il caso di quelle da zecca come l’Ehrlichiosi
- malattie infiammatorie del sistema nervoso centrale (encefaliti o meningoencefaliti)
- malattie infettive, quindi vanno escluse nel gatto anche le forme da FIV, FeLV e FIP e nel cane il cimurro (anche la Rabbia può provocare sintomi simili, ma in Italia la Rabbia non c’è)
A quali altri sintomi si accompagna l’Head Pressing?
Spesso l’Head Pressing si accompagna anche ad altri sintomi o atteggiamenti anomali del cane e gatto:
- movimento di maneggio, cioè l’animale che cammina in maniera compulsiva in circolo, di solito sempre dalla stessa parte
- il comportamento cambia, appare più ansioso e nervoso, non sembra trovare pace. Potrebbero anche comparire comportamenti aggressivi
- convulsioni
- difetti nei riflessi
- problemi alla vista
A causa di questi sintomi, potreste notare anche delle lesioni sulla testa e sulle zampe, provocate proprio da questi atteggiamenti e causati dalla pressione anomale esercitata su queste zone. Quindi attenzione anche ad ulcere e aresse senza pelo che possono comparire sulla testa e sulle zampe.
Spesso i primi sintomi comprendono letargia, debolezza e cambiamento del suo comportamento improvviso.
Da cosa è provocato l’Head Pressing?
L’Head Pressing di solito indica un danno neurologico, talvolta localizzato a livello del prosencefalo o del talamo. Potreste vederlo in cani e gatti di qualsiasi razza ed età, non c’è nessuno tipo di predisposizione anche perché come avete letto le cause sono tantissime. Qualcuno ha anche ipotizzato che tale atteggiamento possa indicare un forte dolore alla testa del cane o gatto.
Cosa deve fare il proprietario?
Se vi accorgete di un atteggiamento del genere nel vostro cane o gatto, non perdete tempo. Filmate il comportamento, ma non per postarlo su Facebook e YouTube e per farvi fare diagnosi online, ma per farlo vedere al vostro veterinario. Perché è da lui che dovete andare per capire cosa abbia il vostro animale e per capire se sia qualcosa di curabile o meno. Non perdete tempo e non temporeggiate: di solito queste patologie neurologiche viaggiano in fretta e peggiorano molto rapidamente. Non è qualcosa che passa da solo.
Cosa farà il veterinario?
Una volta visitato l’animale, il vostro veterinario dovrà procedere con una serie di indagini per cercare di capire l’esatta origine del problema. Come avete letto, sono tantissime le cause, quindi bisognerà andare per esclusione, il che vuol dire fare parecchi esami. Si parla di esami del sangue completi, non di un semplice biochimico ci base, ma esami con emocromo, biochimico completo, elettroforesi proteica, test per tutte le malattie da zecca, esclusione di Leishmaniosi, Toxoplasmosi, FIV, FeLV, FIP, test per la funzionalità epatica, quindi acidi biliari pre e post prandiali (o acidi biliari urinari) e ammoniemia. A questi si aggiungono esami delle urine e delle feci complete, esami radiologici ed ecografici fino ad arrivare a TC/RM con annesse visita oculistica e visita neurologica. Bisogna escludere tutto.
Quale sarà la terapia?
La terapia sarà strettamente dipendente dalla causa, sempre che sia possibile arrivare ad una diagnosi. In molti casi sarà necessaria un’ospedalizzazione dell’animale. Non tutti i sintomi sono infatti curabili o gestibili in casa. La prognosi anche dipende dalla causa, alcune delle malattie descritte non sono curabili, altre a volte si presentano in uno stato di tale gravità o procedono così velocemente che anche con le adatte terapie non si riesce a bloccare la progressione della malattia. Kadınlar için en sıcak seks ipuçları – bir erkeği en çılgın hayallerinin ötesinde nasıl memnun edebilirsiniz?
Adamını yatak odasında çıldırtmak ister misin? Onun sahip olduğu en iyi şey olmak ister misin? Nihai seks tanrıçasına dönüşmek ve bu gece onun ayaklarını yerden kesmek ister misin? O zaman kadınlar için en sıcak seks ipuçlarını bulman gerekiyor.
Kadınların cinselliklerini kabullenmeyi ve bunu sadece erkekleri değil, onları da memnun edecek şekilde kullanmayı öğrenmelerinin zamanı geldi. Kadınların yatak odasında o kadar çok gücü var ki, onu sonuna kadar kullanmıyorlar. Cinselliğinizi geliştirmenin ve bundan tam olarak yararlanmanın zamanı geldi.
Sadece erkeğinizi cinsel olarak tatmin etmekle kalmayıp, aynı zamanda seksi sevmeyi de öğrenmek için kadınlar için en sıcak seks ipuçlarını öğrenmeniz gerekiyor. Ne kadar çok seks yaparsanız, seks o kadar iyi olur. Seks ve zevk için hazır olduğunuzda, tüm deneyimi çok daha iyi hale getirir.
Kendinizi ve onu neşelendirmek için onun hemen önünde mastürbasyon yapmayı deneyin. Anında daha seksi hissetmenizi sağlayacak ve size zevk verecektir. Bir erkeğin izlediğini izlerken kendinden emin hissedeceksin çünkü gözlerini senden alamayacak. Gözleri temizlenecek ve tüm dikkatini ve kontrolünü alacaksınız. Yeterince gördüğüne ve sizi kendisi için kabul etmeye hazır olduğuna siz karar verirsiniz.
Bunu yapacak kadar cesur hissetmiyorsanız, onu bağlamak gibi başka bir ön sevişme biçimi deneyin. Hafif esaret kullanmak, yatak odasında gerçekten güçlü ve seksi hissetmenize yardımcı olacaktır. Buna ek olarak, erkekler bir kadının her şeyi kontrol etmesinden ve onu yönlendirmesinden hoşlanır. Erkekler bazen yatak odasında itaatkar olmayı sever, bu yüzden ona böyle hissettirin.
Ayrıca, erkeğinizle onun üzerinde sevişmekten korkmayın. Durumu kontrol edebilir ve ne kadar derine inmesine izin verildiğine karar verebilirsiniz. Tempoyu sen kontrol ediyorsun ve o seni görüyor, bu da onu çıldırtıyor. Bu poz, gücü ve kontrolü hissetmenizi sağlar ve bu da daha fazla uyarılmış hissetmenizi sağlar.
Seks hayatınızı ateşlemek ve erkeğinizi eritmek için kadınlara yönelik bu sıcak seks ipuçlarını kullanın. |Betula papyrifera is probably the tree most people think of as a birch tree. It reaches 50-70' tall, 30-50' spread. The characteristic bark is silvery, peeling in papery sheets, exposing inner reddish orange bark. Mature trees develop an irregular ovalish crown at maturity, and maintain branches low to the groound. The dull, dark green summer foliage turns a nice fall yellow. Flowers are not showy, males brownish, 2-4" long catkins, females greenish, 1" erect catkins. It is best used in cooler climates and is not pollution tolerant, but will do reasonably well in a variety of soil types. Shows resistance to bronze birch borer. Wonderful tree for large park areas, especially with evergreens as a backdrop. Native from Labrador to British Columbia, south to Pennsylvania, Michigan and Montana. Tromsø Patikası /Artık Yarasa Vermiyor\
Karakterinizi Tromso Otobüs Terminali’ne (Prostneset) getiriniz.
Eşyalar kısmına girip Geçit (Çelik)'i kullanıyorsunuz.
20 dakika sonra Highway to Hell'e varacaksınız.
Tekrar eşyalar kısmından tahta kapıyı kullanın.
Bundan 8 saat sonra Hell Hotel'e varıyorsunuz.
Buradan da eşyalar kısmından Çukur (Siyah Taş) Filthy Pit'i seçip yarasa alıyorsunuz.
Daha sonra eşyalardan Geçit (Taş) 'ı seçip 1 saatlik bir yolculuğun ardından tekrar otobüs terminaline varıyorsunuz The Capilla del Hombrein Quito, Ecuador is an art museum and monument designed by the famous Ecuadorian artist Oswaldo Guayasamín (1919-1999). The exterior of the Capilla del Hombre, or Chapel of Man, is shaped similar to a Pre-Colombian pyramid, made mostly of stone and overlooking Quito from a hill in the Bellavista suburb.
In the interior, the artist painted a series of murals depicting the evolution of the Latin American man from its Pre-Colombian beginnings to modern times. The very center of the lower level holds an eternal flame in honor of human rights. Several other carvings, murals, sculptures, and quotes fill the two level temple.
The Quito-born artist is best known for his paintings depicting Andean people, often chillingly and in dark colors. He exposed racism, poverty, political oppression, and class division; common themes throughout the Andes. His work reflected the misery and pain that many people around the world had to experience in the 20th century.
|
31 | 2 | 1 |
Protecting the tree from careless injury and wounds by lawn mowing, weed trimming, and shovels from planting annuals is essential in maintaining the tree's health and guarding it against wood borers and other pests and tree diseases and these regular maintenance services should be performed by an arbor care professional. Deep root fertilization and systemic deep root feeding administered by an experienced tree company further support and maintains the tree's health. Insecticide applications may aid in reducing and eliminating wood borers and applications must always be scheduled and administered by a tree doctor. Trees are an investment and the key focal points of your residential outdoor habitat; therefore, it's of the utmost importance to entrust their care to the best Fort Worth tree company and rest assured the trees will remain healthy and beautiful! from the Community Food Security Coalition
Determine what the garden’s purpose will be
What is your school’s motivation to start a school garden? Will there be concrete educational goals for students’ time spent in the garden? Will the garden be a space used to foster life, communication and team skills among students? How will the garden produce be used?
Create a garden steering core
Determine who will be the central organizing body for your garden. Teachers will most likely be the catalyst for the school garden program, but other perspectives are very important, such as maintenance staff, administrators, students, parents and community members.
Select the best site for the garden
You will need 8 hours of sun, access to water and good soil. If your soil is too compacted or if there are roots obstructing your garden, you can always build raised garden beds and import soil. You should also conduct a soil test before planting in order to ensure there are no heavy metals in your soil.
Plan how to integrate students’ input into the garden design process
Think through ways to use math, art and science to encourage your students to plan the garden out. Talking about the garden in the classroom with students before it is planted is an essential part of developing a sense of buy-in and ownership among students.
Create a design, planting calendar and year-round maintenance plan
Once you have determined where to locate the garden and have gotten design input from students, create your planting plan using an LSU agriculture planting calendar that lets you know when to plant what. You will need to think through how long it will take until things are ready to be planted as well as who will maintain the garden when students are not in school
Cultivate the soil and build the garden
You might need to use volunteers to help you break ground and build beds, but involve students as much as possible with the development of the garden to increase their sense of ownership over the space. The key to a successful garden is healthy soil, so don’t try to rush through the time it will take to develop strong, healthy soil.
Determine the best way to engage students in the garden
It can be challenging to maintain focus in the garden with a large group of students, so you may need to experiment with different approaches for engaging students in the garden space. Each student can be given a space to cultivate or they can work together managing the entire garden space. Smaller groups might be easier to engage. There are many existing resources for connecting the garden with academic benchmarks. AgenPress. In Iraq l’ambasciata svedese a Baghdad è stata data alle fiamme. Il ministero degli Esteri svedese ha fatto sapere che il personale è al sicuro. Condanna l’attacco e sottolinea la necessità che le forze dell’ordine irachene proteggano i dipendenti dell’ambasciata.
La polizia ha utilizzato gli idranti per disperdere i manifestanti che hanno risposto con una sassaiola contro le forze dell’ordine.
Alcuni video diffusi sul web mostrano decine di uomini che scavalcavano la recinzione del complesso. Altri filmati hanno mostrato uomini all’interno di quella che sembrava essere una stanza dell’ambasciata. باراک اوباما رييس جمهوری آمريکا، بار ديگر از جمهوريخواهان خواست از طرح محرک های اقتصادی او برای نجات اقتصاد بحران زده ی ِ آن کشور، حمايت و پشتيبانی کنند.
آقای اوباما طی ديدار از کارخانجات صنايع سنگين کاترپيلار در ايالت ايلينوی ِ آمريکا که به تازه گی ۲۰ هزار تن از کارکنان خود را از کار بيکار کرده، از کنگره آمريکا خواست اختلافات درون حزبی ميان جمهوريخواهان و دموکرات ها را کنار بگذارند.
در شور اول لايحه محرک های اقتصادی،هيچ يک از جمهوريخواهان در مجلس نمايندگان به اين لايحه رای ندادند و در مجلس سنا هم فقط سه نماينده جمهوريخواه به آن رای مثبت دادند. |Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1981. 19:
Copyright © 1981 by . All rights reserved
4.3 Polarization Variations
A number of the compact radio sources show significant and variable linear polarization. Although the measured polarization is typically only a few percent, in some sources, particularly those identified with BL Lac objects, the linear polarization sometimes exceeds 10 percent. The absence of any detectable internal Faraday rotation in these sources has an important consequence for models of compact sources and theories of particle acceleration, since it places strict limits on the number of thermal electrons permitted. Wardle (1977) and Jones & O'Dell (1977) have shown, in this way, that the number of relativistic electrons must be considerably greater than the number of nonrelativistic ones, and furthermore, that the number of low energy relativistic electrons must be much smaller than that expected from the usual power-law distribution. Thus any type of stochastic acceleration process would be difficult to understand. Rather, it appears more probable that some very efficient mechanism must operate, and several authors (e.g. Wardle 1977, Jones & Hardee 1979, Spangler 1980) have pointed out that relativistic Maxwellian distributions are consistent with the restrictions imposed by the polarization and variability observations, and that such an energy distribution could be the natural consequence of acceleration by a relativistic blastwave.
Detailed observations of the variations of linear polarization are difficult, since the degree of polarization is typically only a few percent, and the time scale for significant changes appears to be much less than for variations in the total flux density. Observations by Altschuler & Wardle (1976), Andrew et al. (1978), and Aller et al. (1981) show no clear patterns. In some sources the polarization angle remains constant throughout several consecutive flux density outbursts. In other sources, the direction of polarization may change, either monotonically or quite erratically.
A particularly remarkable outburst occurred in the BL Lac object 0235 + 16 which reached a flux density maximum in late 1975 (MacLeod et al. 1976, Ledden et al. 1976). During a period of ~ 40 days during the decline of this outburst, the polarization direction rotated through an angle of ~ 130 degrees (Ledden & Aller 1979). As there was no significant difference between the position angles measured at 8 and 14 GHz, Faraday rotation is ruled out as a possible cause, and rotation or precession of the magnetic field appears the most straightforward interpretation. The 1975 outburst in 0235 + 16 is distinguished from other observed outbursts in that the flux density was several times greater than the quiescent value, and so the observed rotation probably more closely reflects the properties of the "central engine" than the more erratic variations that are observed in most other sources. مناطق عمده تولید انگور صادراتی بیدانه
آنچه در این مقاله میخوانید...
مناطق تولید انگور در کدام شهر ها فعالیت دارند؟ آیا بهترین میوه های صادراتی، انگور های بیدانه می باشد؟ خرید و فروش انواع انگور به صورت عمده و جزئی صورت می گیرد؟
در این مطلب در مورد بهترین مناطق تولید انواع انگور صحبت به میان آمده است. از مهمترین و بهترین مناطقی که به خوبی انواع انگور در آن رشد می کند ارومیه، سردشت، شاهرود می باشد. این مناطق به دلیل آب و هوای مناسب و خوب توانسته است بهترین نوع انگور را در بازار به فروش برساند. انگور های صادراتی به صورت بیدانه در بازار بسته بندی شده و به کشور های دیگر صادر می گردد. یکی از دلایل صادر کردن تعداد زیادی انگور بیدانه به کشور های خارجی این است که خارجی ها از این انگور بیش تر مصرف می کنند و خرید انگور دانه دار در خارج رو به کاهش است.
انگور در انواع مختلفی چون عسگری، کشمشی، سفید، زرد، قرمز، پیکامی و… در بسته بندی های شکیل برای صادرات آماده فروش می باشند. Kevseri'nin Mısır'da kaldığı dönemde talebesi olan yine Düzceli Dr. Muzaffer Özcanoğlu tarafından verilecek konferansta "Kevseri'nin İslam Dünyası'ndaki yeri" üzerinde durulacak. Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi emekli öğretim üyesi olan Dr. Muzaffer Özcanoğlu, bir müddet de Düzce İmam Hatip Lisesi'nde öğretmenlik yaptı. Özcanoğlu, 16 Aralık. 2015 Çarşamba günü saat: 14.00'da Cumhuriyet Konferans Salonu'nda İslam Dünyasının yakından tanıdığı Zahidel Kevseri'yi anlatacak.
Haber:E.TAYHAN Sperimentazione animale
FAVOREVOLE O CONTRARIO?
La sperimentazione animale, ossia la pratica che consente di sperimentare su animali da laboratorio per osservare la loro reazione a sostanze chimiche o a malattie artificialmente indotte, è in uso in maniera sistematica almeno dall'età moderna. Si fonda sull'assunto metodologico dell'analogia tra organismi animali e umani che rende applicabili i risultati su animali anche all'uomo. La sperimentazione è utilizzata al fine di individuare terapie, per la ricerca farmacologica o per testare prodotti su animali prima di introdurli nel mercato, così come richiesto dalla legislazione europea.
L'assunto teorico che giustifica queste pratiche risiede nella presunta superiorità della specie umana sulle altre specie animali nella natura. Dunque il fine, il miglioramento delle condizioni di salute degli esseri umani, giustifica l'utilizzo di animali da laboratorio.
Prima di tutto le obiezioni a questa pratica intercettano motivazioni etiche, cioè sulla liceità di disporre di animali per fini umani, e di non riconoscere loro il diritto alla vita. Inoltre esistono obiezioni di carattere scientifico che considerano il metodo obsoleto e sottolineano l'invalidità delle ricerche, la loro non utilità per l'essere umano. L'opinione pubblica sembra essere apparentemente contraria alle pratiche di sperimentazione, ma le finalità potenzialmente vantaggiose per la specie umana rendono il confine tra favorevoli e contrari più sfumato.
TI POTREBBE INTERESSARE ANCHE:
Tesi favorevoli
- 01 Il caso Talidomide mostra la necessità della sperimentazione animale
- 02 L'opposizione alla sperimentazione animale è un atteggiamento antiscientifico
- 04 La sperimentazione animale non è la vivisezione
- 06 La sperimentazione animale è indispensabile. Non esistono metodi alternativi sostitutivi
- 08 La sperimentazione animale ha portato progressi nella medicina
E tu, sei favorevole o contrario? Esprimi la tua opinione!
Il caso Talidomide mostra la necessità della sperimentazione animale
Il caso degli effetti nocivi sul feto dovuti all'assunzione della Talidomide in donne in gravidanza, con la conseguenza della nascita di bambini con gravi malformazioni, dimostra la necessità di una corretta procedura di sperimentazione sugli animali.
Infatti, furono proprio gli studi sugli animali - in particolare conigli in gravidanza - condotti da Frances Kelsey, farmacologa in servizio presso il Food and Drug Administration (FDA), che permisero di testare la nocività della sostanza e dunque impedire la sua commercializzazione negli Stati Uniti.
L'opposizione alla sperimentazione animale è un atteggi
|
31 | 2 | 2 |
di pensarlo.
E se guardi indietro di 25 anni, ancora di più.
La top model del mondo è apparsa in passerella indossando una camicia ricamata. Peremoga! Il Papa è fotografato con un nastro azzurro e giallo. Ancora uno! Il mondo intero sta guardando noi ucraini! Ci vedono, ricordati di noi! Noi...!!!
Perdonali, Signore, perché loro stessi non sanno quello che stanno facendo. Va bene, dipingi l'intero paese con i colori della bandiera nazionale, dai bidoni della spazzatura ai bagni pubblici. In generale, dipingere qualcosa che ne ha bisogno è buono. Di che colore è un'altra domanda. Non prenderò come esempio la Russia, per ovvie ragioni, ma noterò che in Europa i bidoni della spazzatura, le panchine e i servizi igienici non sono dipinti con i colori nazionali. Ci sono abbastanza altri modi per aumentare il patriottismo.
Ma quando non c'è nient'altro a cui aggrapparsi, allora devi succhiare almeno qualcosa dal tuo dito. Sì, non tutto è liscio e liscio, ci sono abbastanza problemi. Ma, per così dire, gli argomenti per sollevare gli spiriti dei russi non sono tratti dalla colorazione in colori tricolori di tutto ciò che viene a portata di mano. Perché, qualunque cosa si possa dire, c'è qualcosa che conferma il sentimento di appartenenza alla grande popolazione di un grande paese.
Ovviamente è peggio quando non c'è niente da catturare. Quindi devi cercare almeno qualcosa. Anche se la camicia ricamata dall'altra parte della Terra, anche i colori giallo-blu, non importa per quale motivo e luogo.
Dici, non c'è niente di cui essere orgoglioso? Ebbene, sì ... E DneproGES e Donbass e missili nello spazio vicino alla Terra con motori fabbricati in Ucraina e navi che sono state create a Nikolaev? Il problema è che tutto questo è stato fatto mano nella mano con i russi. Ecco il problema ...
Allora cosa succede? Shanovny pan, dietro il quale solo ricami e nastri blu e gialli, è più bello di un caro compagno o di un gentiluomo rispettato, dietro il quale tutto quanto sopra?
Sembra di no
Rimettiti sobrio, è ora di smaltire la sbornia. Il fumo degli pneumatici bruciati è velenoso, la mente è oscurata. Ma non sempre!
È solo che se non arieggi il tuo cervello, si scoprirà che la sindrome della bandiera blu-gialla si trasformerà silenziosamente in una sindrome completamente diversa. Che, stranamente, ha il simbolo di due nastri dello stesso colore.
Davvero, non vorrei. Si spera che la coincidenza sia completamente casuale. The older I get, the more I think picture book biographies are some of the most inspirational seeds that allow meaningful conversations in classrooms to happen. Maybe it’s because I clearly see that a life is a story and that anytime we hear a story told, we have the opportunity to learn. As we connect deeply to a person through their story, we reflect on ourselves and our communities. We have the chance to think about things in new ways. Kids get it too. A few years ago I asked some of my students why biographies needed to be shared. Their responses revealed a lot. Some highlights:
- “I like those books that tell the story of someone who can’t but then they did.”
- “It’s so we can know that one person can change things.”
- “These books teach us about community and dreams. We should think about that.”
- “They show me not to be scared.”
I have a new must read biography that I think is particularly timely for its messages about standing together for truth and justice:
Stand Up and Sing! Pete Seeger, Folk Music, and the Path to Justice written by Susanna Reich and illustrated by Adam Gustavson Forward by Peter Yarrow (Bloomsbury 2017)
This detailed biography would make an incredible read aloud. It is a story to share over multiple read aloud sessions. There is much on every page for discussion and elaboration. The full page illustrations tell a beautiful story as well. Looking closely at these allows the reader to move through one life and decades of history.
I first read this book about three weeks ago. It was a humbling experience. I closed the book and felt a strange mix of fired up and sad and quiet. I began to do some of my own further reading about Pete Seeger, often realizing songs I have known all my life were songs he had written. This took me down further thinking paths.
The sadness came from a reaction to current day news and media coverage. There is so much in stories about people that is about self rather than other. Pete Seeger clearly lived a life where self and others were completely intertwined. His motivations were clear and strong. He respected the truth. He valued its importance. He valued social justice as our most important goal to attain. I think my sadness came from just acknowledging the loss of Pete Seeger who passed away in 2014. In many senses, my sadness has no place because Pete did his work through music and music has some of the most incredible lasting power of any medium. Power to wash over people. Become part of their motivation. Become part of their own story.
I picked up and reread this story a few times over the past few weeks. Over multiple readings, I have been inspired by Seeger’s commitment to use music as a vehicle to unite people over important issues. Pete Seeger was motivated early on in his life by folk music and the connection between audience and musician. He recognized that the content of songs could be transformative.
I was reminded of precious Thursday afternoons of recent years experiencing a room full of music. My class had the weekly opportunity to sing with the talented Jill Samycia from St. James Music Academy. Singing together brought a joy and a connection to our community. There is such power in singing together especially when the lyrics hold messages of hope.
Susanna Reich’s account of Seeger’s life brings particular questions to the surface numerous times:
What do we notice?
What speaks to us?
How do these things shape our work? Our actions? How do they form our truth?
Pete Seeger‘s life work was his music. Through music he conveyed his love of people, equity and justice. Reich explains that Pete “saw that music could fill a room with peace and harmony. . . ” A wish to make this happen is what motivated him to become a more accomplished musician.
Seeger‘s path was not an easy one. His end goal wasn’t fame and fortune. It was to lead people in song. He wanted to “sing for – and with – average working folks.”
His courage, his commitment to peace, the rights of everyone in a society and hope for our world live on in his music.
Such an incredible story of one man. Back matter includes an important author’s note, a list of quotes, detailed sources and a list of popular recordings.
Recommended for Grades 3 to 8.
Thanks to Alyson from Kid Lit Frenzy for the inspiration to read and share more nonfiction picture books in 2017. Follow the link to Alyson’s blog to read about more nonfiction books you need to read!
I am participating in the Slice of Life challenge to write and publish a post every day in March.
Slice of Life is hosted by Two Writing Teachers. I thank them for the community they provide. Read more slices here. 别克GL8在大众MPV街上的新照
更新时间：2019-11-05 10:56点击数：次
随着本地MPV市场变得炙手可热，一些本地汽车公司正在加速MPV车型的发布。
大众品牌及时了解最新的消费者需求，并将很快推出新的MPV车型Viloran。
最近，该车的载荷测试车已在某些国家的道路上进行测试，并于2020年进入欧洲和中国市场。
在新车进入国内市场之后，上汽大众值得一提的是它将完成并成为第一个使用新徽标的家庭模型。
此外，新车将在广州发布，本月22日开放，并将于明年6月初正式发布。追逐比赛的主要竞争对手将被标记为别克GL8，本田奥德赛/ Airi。
该图像显示大众Virolan被定位为大型豪华商务MPV，并且基于MQB-B平台，车身长度超过5100 mm。
在外观上，新车采用了最新的家庭风格设计语言，气场总体上与途锐旗舰SUV保持一致。
在功率方面，新车将配备2。
涡轮增压0T发动机，最大输出功率为137 kW，162 kW，最大扭矩为320 N（低/高输出）
m，350N。
m，变速箱系统匹配7速双离合器变速箱。 According to the information that came with it, the dinosaur plant is one of the longest-living plants in the world. During the Carboniferous period, it grew to over 120 feet, but it mutated and became very small during the ice age. The plant is hygroscopic; when lacking water, the plant curls in on itself to "sleep", then blows around until it finds a source of water again. It does not need to bury its roots when it does find water, and the leaves and stems can uptake water directly. The plant can sleep for up to fifty years and still spring back to life within a day when placed in water!
The plant is currently native to Mexico and Texas, in desert and semi-desert regions.
We found that the plant did indeed open very quickly when filled with water. After a couple of weeks, we let the plant dry out and, as claimed, the plant soon curled up to "sleep".
A month later, we refilled the bowl with water and watched it wake up once again:
Adding the water
The center of the plant unfurled even further over the next couple of hours. This was fun to watch and discuss. Today, we have toilets that automatically flush, self-parking automobiles, and WiFi-enabled wrist watches. But we still can’t use our energy efficiently.
Despite Energy Star appliances and electric vehicles, energy waste is still a colossal problem in the United States. Not convinced? These seven facts might change your mind:
The United States wastes more than 60% of its energy.
Most power plants in the United States are only 33% energy efficient. This rate has not changed since the 1950s.
If every American home replaced just one light bulb with an Energy Star bulb, the amount of energy saved could light more than 3 million homes for a year.
About 75% of the energy used to power our electronic devices is consumed when the products are turned off.
America is home to only 5% of the world’s population, but consumes 23% of its energy.
A quarter of your heating and cooling bill could be going out the window each month – literally. About 25% of the air inside your home or business can escape through single-glazed windows.
The average car emits 3 times its weight in CO2 every year.
One way businesses can reduce their energy waste is by investing in power monitoring equipment. Using the power meters, submeters, and energy management software available from Electro Industries, many of our customers report cutting their total energy consumption by 20% or more.
Interested in learning more about what we can do for you? Visit our website for more information, or give us a call at 866-928-7908.April 1, 2016 Quando è utile percorrere altre strade?
La meccanica gratta e vinci non è indicata qualora ci si rivolga ad un target specifico, quando si vuol realizzare un concorso molto innovativo e quando il target è particolarmente hi-tech. Scopri come organizzare un concorso in 10 passi nella nostra guida rapida. What is the Harry Potter Encyclopedia and why should you care?
The forthcoming Encyclopedia is intended by J. K. Rowling to be the authoritative directory of all creatures, persons, places, and things that make up the Harry Potter universe. Rowling has been working on it on and off for years, and every so often a snippet of activity sends the crowd into a mad frenzy over its supposed “impending” release. As long ago as April 2008, Rowling stated that she had begun work on the project in earnest. In September 2009 we were treated to a comment from fellow novelist Ian Rankin that Rowling “had been making family trees of all her characters,” only to learn from her publisher the following week that “the encyclopedia simply remains something Ms. Rowling would like to complete sometime in the future.”
In recent interviews, Rowling has unequivocally stated that she still intends to write the encyclopedia, but has been vague when pressed for details on the timing of its release. Rowling euphemistically refers to the Encyclopedia as “The Scottish Book,” an oblique reference to Macbeth, which as every theater-goer knows is only to be called “The Scottish Play” — and nothing else — unless the speaker wishes to invoke the curse of Macbeth. Among the many tragedies attributed to the curse, in 1672 the actor playing Macbeth substituted a real dagger for the blunted stage one and killed Duncan in full view of the audience. During a performance in New York in 1849, a riot broke out in which 31 people were trampled to death. In 1937, during Laurence Olivier’s first portrayal of Macbeth, his sword shattered and flew into the audience, striking a patron who immediately suffered a heart attack.
Given the superstitious tendencies of a writer whose chief villain is known only as He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named, Rowling’s enigmatic reference is perhaps unsurprising, but no public hue and cry has been heard in connection with Harry Potter that can even remotely compare to Macbeth’s ill-fated fortunes. Perhaps Rowling fears that the breadth of detail envisioned by the Encyclopedia — which is rumored to include such diverse subjects as directions for splitting one’s soul into a Horcrux, how Lord Voldemort obtained a new body, and the backstory to Florean Fortescue’s murder — will give rise to a curse of its own.
Of course, while all of this is superficially interesting if you are a Harry Potter fan, from an intellectual property standpoint it would be decidedly ho-hum but for the fact that Rowling filed suit against a fan-created online encyclopedia called the Harry Potter Lexicon. Originally the brain-child of librarian Steve Vander Ark, the Lexicon — as one would expect from something called a lexicon — lists characters, places, creatures, spells, potions and magical devices, as well as analyzing magical theory and other details of the series. Famed for publishing one of the first timelines of events occurring in the Harry Potter universe, the Lexicon has been used as a reference source by Rowling herself, who admits that:
This is such a great site that I have been known to sneak into an internet café while out writing and check a fact rather than go into a bookshop and buy a copy of Harry Potter (which is embarrassing).
Notwithstanding her purported admiration for it, when RDR Books proposed to publish a print version the Lexicon, Rowling filed a copyright infringement lawsuit in New York District Court seeking to enjoin its publication. Although the court recognized that authors do not have the right to stop the publication of reference guides and companion books about literary works, it nonetheless found that Vander Ark had exceed
|
31 | 2 | 3 |
����西皮肤!丨荒...
《流浪者》经典片段:丽达之歌。
流浪者2:2多特蒙德!多特蒙德出局! Cytokines are a group of molecules with an extremely broad range of activities on a variety of target cells. This review summarizes the known cytokine and cytokine receptor expression in primary brain tumors and derived cell lines. These expression patterns are compared with those occurring in other CNS diseases, such as virus or bacterial infections, experimental allergic encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, and trauma. A variety of cytokines are expressed during CNS neoplasia; their potential involvement in tumor growth through a variety of mechanisms, such as autocrine or paracrine growth stimulation, angiogenesis, and immune surveillance evasion, are discussed. Finally, results of preliminary therapeutic approaches with cytokines are critically evaluated. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Copyright © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Sarà questo quello che avranno pensato due malviventi dello zen che ieri, nei pressi del Residence Ashur, a Mondello, hanno messo in atto un vero e proprio agguato a tre giovani. Erano le 2 di notte circa quando i due malintenzionati hanno avvicinato i tre amici chiedendo loro una sigaretta. Ottenendo un no secco sono dapprima andati via ma, dopo aver chiamato rinforzi, sono tornati all'Ashur con una seicento con la targa nascosta da un adesivo. In cinque hanno minacciato con armi finte uno dei tre ragazzi, chiedendogli di consegnare lo scooter sul quale era seduto. Hanno incassato un altro no, ma stavolta non privo di conseguenze. I cinque bulli gli si sono scagliati contro, colpendolo con calci e pugni.
Nel frattempo però, gli altri due ragazzi amici dell'aggredito, un maschio e una femmina, non sono rimasti a guardare. Mentre la donna chiamava i carabinieri, l'altro prendeva dalla seicento le chiavi ancora appese, lasciando appiedati gli aggressori.
I malviventi, sentite le sirene dei militari, sono scappati, tre a piedi e due a bordo del motorino rubato. Ma sono riusciti a fare poca strada. Bloccati dal nucleo radiomobile sono stati arrestati e condotti in caserma. Sono Benedetto Sacco, Pietro D'Oca, Daniele Lo Bianco, Davide Leonardi poco più che ventenni e P.A., di appena 16 anni. Tutti e cinque sono residenti del quartiere Zen.
La giovane vittima dell'aggressione ha riportato due ferite lacero-contuse al cuio capelluto e un trauma cranico. Guarirà in 10 giorni. - Open Access
Land use and forest cover dynamics in the North-eastern Addis Ababa, central highlands of Ethiopia
Environmental Systems Research volume 8, Article number: 8 (2019)
The Ethiopian highlands have experienced intense levels of land use dynamics and forest cover transformations over the past few decades. Multiple socio-economic, demographic and bio-physical factors have driven such transformations. Nevertheless, recent expansion of urban settlements and infrastructural development could have accelerated the rate at which land cover transformations preceded but little is known about their impacts on land cover transformations in the vicinity of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This study, therefore, focuses on detecting long term dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) change since the 1950s and current state of forest susceptibility to degradation in North-eastern Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In this study Panchromatic Aerial photographs (1957), MSS (1975), TM (1995) and Sentinel-2 (2017) images were used to generate LULC types. We employed object-based classification techniques to generate LULC types for 1957 aerial photographs and maximum likelihood algorithm for images of 1975, 1995 and 2017. We also generated forest degradation susceptibility map for the study area by employing a multi-criteria approach on the ArcGIS analysis platform.
Over the course of 60 years (1957–2017) the extent and direction of LULC have become more dynamic. Agricultural land and forest land showed a comparably equal extent of net change (+ 36.7% and − 37.8%, respectively) but to opposite directions. Forest lost 25.1% and 18.7% of its cover to barren land and agricultural land, respectively. The net change for forest was negative except for the period 1975–1995, with varying rates of deforestation during the four distinct study periods. However, a heightened level of deforestation occurred after the mid-1990s due to rapid urban growth and a change in government economic policy. A 6.2% net change of urban/settlement served as a catalyst for LULC transformations in the last two decades. Our findings also revealed that 97.2% of forests were located at a radius of 1 km distance from urban centers and settlements whereas 92% of them were accessible by road networks of a km radius. Similarly, 71% of forests suffer from edge effects while biophysical factors such as streams as vectors of disturbance and slopes expose about 35% of forests to degradation.
Over the last six decades the study area has shown an unprecedented level of LULC change. The main drivers of change were the combination of bio-physical processes especially drought cycles, demographic dynamics (population growth, density and internal migration), urbanization and successive government development policies. The massive conversion of forests to agricultural land and barren land in the study area will have far reaching impact on biodiversity and ecosystem services, land degradation and a change in local hydrological regime.
Land degradation mainly due to forest clearance for agriculture and settlement has frequently been cited as the major drivers of environmental change with a wide range of socio-economic and environmental consequences (Geist and Lambin 2006; Brink and Eva 2009; Lambin and Meyfroidt 2011). Owing to deforestation and subsequent loss of productive capacity, Ethiopia faced major famines in the 1970s and 1980s (Bishaw 2001). The annual rate of forest loss in Ethiopia from 1995 to 2010 was estimated to be 141,000 ha, roughly 1.1% declines per annum (FAO 2010). The main drivers of deforestation in Ethiopia were growing demand for house hold energy, expansion of agricultural farmland and overgrazing (Bishaw 2001; Zeleke and Hurni 2001; Bewket and Abebe 2013; Kindu et al. 2013; Abrha et al. 2017).
The Ethiopian highlands have particularly experienced intense levels of land cover conversions mainly due to demographic pressures and consequent expansion of croplands and household energy demands (Amsalu et al. 2007; Rosell et al. 2017). The high population growth and densities have resulted in increased demand for food and subsequently resulted in rapid transformations of land cover, particularly forests (Rahmato 2009; Getahun et al. 2017; Rosell et al. 2017). Studies indicated that in the central Ethiopian highlands massive expansion of cultivated land and settlements occurred at the expense of forests over the last half a century (Amsalu et al. 2007; Minta et al. 2018). Amsalu et al. (2007) reported 83% of forests loss between 1957 and 2000 which had resulted in a marked decline of forest cover while Minta et al. (2018) reported a 73% declined of forest cover during 1957 and 2014 in Dendi-Jeldu mountains of central Ethiopian highlands. Though both authors reported a massive loss of forest cover at the expense of cultivated land, pasture land and settlements, the rate at which farmland increase over time had declined mainly due to shortage of available suitable land for cultivation. The same pattern has also been observed in South Wollo, North-central Ethiopia (Rosell et al. 2017).
Moreover, the recent urban expansions and infrastructure developments along per-urban areas of Addis Ababa have exerted additional pressure on LULC change (Leulsegged et al. 2011; Lohnert 2017). There has been a surge in population growth in the satellite towns surrounding Addis Ababa as a result of both rural–urban and urban–urban migrations (Lohnert 2017). Particularly, movement of the urban poor from Addis Ababa in search of employment opportunities due to investment on industries and real estate developments in the urban fringes have brought about significant changes on LULC (FZSeP 2011; Lohnert 2017). In this regard Leulsegged et al. (2011) reported a substantial loss of forest land mainly due to expansion of built-up areas and croplands in the peri-urban areas of Addis Ababa. This phenomenon has also been observed in the vicinity of Nairobi, Kenya, where forests were cleared for urban settlements (Mundia and Aniya 2005). This suggested that urban expansion and settlement were driving massive scales of deforestation along major urban centers (Leulsegged et al. 2011; Mundia and Aniya 2005). Thus, rapid urbanization and expansion of settlements were identified as one of the ‘hotspots’ of deforestation especially in many developing countries (Geist and Lambin 2006).
Though recent expansion of settlement and infrastructural development were acknowledged as the major drivers of land cover change and deforestation little research attention has been given to thoroughly investigate the nature and dynamics of land cover change and deforestation in the vicinity of the metropolis of Addis Ababa. This study, therefore, focused on detecting long term dynamics of land use and forest cover dynamics by integrating remotely sensed satellite data and Geographic information system (GIS) tools since the 1950s in North-eastern Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
The specific objectives of this study were: (i) to quantify the extent and trends of LULC dynamics over the past 60 years along the eastern margins of Addis Ababa city, and (ii) to identify the trajectories of forest cover transitions in the study area, (iii) to map of forest susceptibility to degradation using Sentinel_2 image, GIS technology and Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE).
Materials and methods
Description of the study area
The study was conducted in the north-eastern fringes of Addis Ababa in Oromia Special Zone, Central highland of Ethiopia. It lies between latitudes 8° 57′ to 9° 14′ 30″ N and longitudes 38° 47′ to 39° 03′ E and covers a total area of approximately 48,894 ha. The study area is characterized by diverse topographic conditions such as plains, plateaus, valleys, undulating hills and mountains with elevations ranging from 2244 m to 3240 m.a.s.l (Fig. 1). The natural vegetation of the study area belongs to the remnant dry Afromontane forest of the Ethiopian highlands which had survived millennia of human exploitation and land conversions (Friis et al. 2010). The natural forests are found in church yards and steep slopes. The remnant forest is mixed dry Afromontane forest which is dominated by conifer species namely Juniperus procera and Podocarpus falcatus in the upper canopy stratum. However, species such as Olea europaea subsp., Cuspidata are found in the church yards and in inaccessible areas along steep slopes of mountains.
Population growth is very rapid due to natural increase and rural–urban migration (FZSeP 2011). According to the data compiled by FZSeP (2011) the total population in the study area was 58,137 in 1984 and it grew to over 78,000 in 1994 and almost doubled its 1984 size by crossing over 100,000 in 2007. The same document also projected that the population could reach to over 170,000 in 2013. The peasants in the study area are mainly smallholders who engaged in mixed farming where livestock are integral part of crop production.
Data used and image pre-processing
Satellite images and aerial photographs
About 16 contact prints of panchromatic aerial photographs at the scale of 1:50,000 taken in 1957 were purchased from Ethiopian Mapping Agency (EMA) for the purpose of LULC classification. Likewise, cloud free Satellite imageries of Landsat MSS (1975) and Landsat TM (1995) were accessed free of charge from US Geological Survey (USGS) which was hosted by the Center for Earth Resources Observation (EROS) and Sentinel-2 (2017) images were also freely accessed from European Space Agency (ESA) for LULC classification (Table 1).
Aerial photograph pre-processing and interpretations
The study area lies within 16 scene contacts of aerial photographs (Table 1) which had been purchased from EMA. Each contact aerial photograph was scanned in A3 formats with reasonable geometry of very high scanning resolution (1200 dpi) by considering the central axis. The radiometric resolution of each contact was 8 bit with grey scale and uncompressed formed a block. Mono registration of image to image registration and orthorectifications were employed. On each scene of scanned and processed blocks of aerial photographs about seven Ground Control Points (GCPs) were collected from river and road intersections, and churches. These GCPs were used as references with average 0.47 Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Following these the orthorectified photos were overlaid on a 1976 topographic maps (1:50,000) which were also obtained from the EMA. We created a mosaic of 16 contacts orthophotos to form the seamless images (Fig. 2a) via ERDAS IMAGINE 2014. Features were then identified visually on the basis of shape, size and texture on the orhophotos (Teferi et al. 2013). Finally, post processing techniques such as LULC changes and forest land use/land cover transitions analysis were employed in ArcGIS 10.2.
Pre-processing of satellite images
Geometric correction The USGS and ESA data centers freely provided geometrically corrected scenes (Landsat and Sentinel_2 images) which were geo-referenced to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection system Zone 37 and World Geodetic System 84 (WGS 84). In fact, the positions were checked out using scanned top-sheets at the scale of 1:50,000. For 2017 Sentinel_2 image geometric procedure techniques developed by Jensen (1996) has been performed using nearest neighbor resampling techniques, and the RMSE were recorded 0.43 (Fig. 2b).
Topographic correction The data type sensor of Landsat images (L1T) obtained from EROS data center and Sentinel-2 acquired from ESA were topographically corrected; however, the study area particularly North-western and Northern fringes comprise of rugged and undulating mountainous areas. Therefore, to enhance the image data quality the entire Landsat and Sentinel images were topographically corrected using non-lambertain models for C-correction of Teillet et al. (1982) with PG-STEAMER 4.2 software.
Radiometric correction All data sets of remotely sensed images were recorded at different time of periods i.e. experienced different atmospheric condition and lighting. To reduce variations of radiance values and different values in digital levels of pixels from uniform terrain the satellite image data for 1995 and 2017 used in this study were radio metrically normalized by taking into account the 1975 images as a reference in PG-STEAMER (Teferi et al. 2013).
We also consulted
|
31 | 3 | 0 |
رای تکمیل زیرساختهای شهری سایر شهرهای جدید خبر داد و گفت: سایر شهرهای جدید نیز در صورت ارائه گزارش و طرح توجیهی و پذیرش طرح از سوی بانک مسکن میتوانند از این تسهیلات استفاده کنند، اما تاکنون پردیس و پرند درخواست خود را در این زمینه ارائه کردهاند. به تازگی شهر جدید هشتگرد نیز درخواستی در این زمینه به بانک مسکن ارائه کرده است که این درخواست از سوی کارشناسان بانک در دست بررسی است. هدف از پرداخت این تسهیلات، کمک به تکمیل هرچه سریعتر زیرساختهای شهری شهرهای جدید برای افزایش کیفیت زندگی ساکنان این شهرها است. معاون برنامه ریزی و توسعه هنری بنیاد فرهنگی هنری رودکی با اشاره به انتشار خبری مبنی بر لغو کنسرت ارکستر ملی در کرمانشاه توضیحاتی را ارائه داد.
گزارش هنر :حسن عمیدی معاون توسعه و برنامه ریزی بنیاد فرهنگی هنری رودکی توضیح داد: متاسفانه طی یکی دو روز گذشته اخباری مبنی بر لغو کنسرت ارکستر ملی در کرمانشاه منتشر شده که لازم است توضیحاتی را پیرامون این خبر ارائه دهم. ما بعد از اجرای کنسرت ارکستر ملی در خرم آباد اصلا قراری برای برگزاری کنسرت در کرمانشاه نداشتیم فقط از سوی مسئولان فرهنگی استان تماس هایی گرفت شد که اگر فضا برای اجرای کنسرت در کرمانشاه مقدور است، ارکستر در آنجا نیز برنامه داشته باشد.
وی ادامه داد: ما بعد از مذاکراتی که با دوستان انجام دادیم اعلام کردیم که ارکستر ملی برای برگزاری کنسرت در فصل بهار آمادگی کامل دارد تا در کرمانشاه حضور پیدا کند اما برگزاری برنامه در کرمانشاه بعد از اجرای خرم آباد فقط و فقط در حد مذاکره بود و برنامه ریزی درباره آن انجام نشده بود بنابراین موضوع لغو کنسرت همان گونه که همکاران ما در اداره کل فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی کرمانشاه اعلام کردند به هیچ عنوان صحت ندارد.
معاون توسعه و برنامه ریزی بنیاد فرهنگی هنری رودکی ضمن تقدیر از میزبانی مردم و مسئولان استان لرستان در برگزاری کنسرت ارکستر ملی ابراز امیدواری کرد که هرچه زودتر امکانات اجرای این مجموعه در کرمانشاه در ماه های اول سال آینده محقق شود. Pizza at Sally’s by author/illustrator Monica Wellington
Age Range: 3 years – 7 years
Publisher: Dutton Books for Young Readers
Publication Date: June 1, 2006
In this picture book, the audience learns to make a scrumptious cheese pizza in Sally’s pizza store. Sally gathers tomatoes in a community garden, receives delivered bags of milled flour and purchases cheese at a neighboring store. This business owner shows readers that her ingredients come from a variety of places. Anticipation displayed on customers’ faces will have viewers also wanting to go to Sally’s for a slice. Many action verbs sprinkle this story as Sally creates her pizza pies. Illustrations are striking and easy to understand. At the end of this book there is a recipe for making pizza. اولین قطار باری بین المللی “عبور از دریای خزر” از یین چوان در غرب چین به مقصد بندر انزلی ایران حرکت کرد. قرار است این قطار 20 روز دیگر به بندر انزلی برسد.
مدیرکل تجاری سازی وزارت راه می گوید : تلاش داریم تا قطار مستقیم چین به ایران را راهاندازی کنیم که نشانه مثبتی در چارچوب حمایتی و تقویتکننده عضویت در سازمان شانگهای برای بخش ترانزیت و حمل و نقل است.
ایران با اعضای سازمان همکاری شانگهای در چارچوب حمل و نقلی مشابهی عضو هستند. به طور مثال با تعدادی زیادی از اعضای این سازمان در کریدور شمال-جنوب عضو و با تعدادی دیگر در چارچوب سازمان اکو و همینطور تراسیکا (کریدوری به سوی اروپا) عضویت و توافقنامه داریم.
بهجز چین با دیگر کشورها ارتباطات دو جانبه زمینی و ریلی وجود دارد. Is Avian Influenza Infecting Mammals Cause for Concern?
- Is Avian Influenza Infecting Mammals Cause for Concern? - March 17, 2023
- Department of the Interior Implements Protections for Minnesota’s Boundary Waters - February 13, 2023
- Warm Water Cancels Commercial Crabbing in the Pacific Ocean - January 6, 2023
On February 9th, Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) released information about various wildlife species testing positive for avian influenza. Among the critters found carrying the virus were a skunk, mountain lion, and black bear. All had died from the virus.
“All three of the confirmed cases showed signs of [avian influenza] before or after death including neurologic symptoms such as seizures or circling, general signs of illness such as weakness or lack of responsiveness to human presence, and organ damage including encephalitis, hepatitis, and pneumonia”, reported Travis Duncan with CPW.
The current strain of avian influenza is highly transmissible and was first detected in North America in wild geese in March 2022. In the past year, the virus has readily jumped from avian to mammalian species, which sounds alarming, but this phenomenon is not news.
Listen to our Podcast
Apple Podcasts, Google, Spotify, Amazon Music
Try our Delicious Wild Fish and Game Spice Blends!
Zoonotic diseases – diseases transmissible between humans and other animal species – are due to infectious agents that more than one species is susceptible to. Nearly every big game hunter is aware of disease transmission between livestock and elk – brucellosis and elk hoof disease are common examples. Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies cause diseases like scrapie in sheep, chronic wasting disease in deer and elk, mad cow disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob in humans. While these diseases are all different, the pathogenic vectors among species are typical and often include contact with bodily fluids or respiratory droplets.
The 2009 “swine flu” outbreak in the US was caused by the H1N1 influenza virus – the same virus that caused the “Spanish flu” in 1819. The swine flu virus appeared to be a new strain of H1N1 that resulted from a previous triple reassortment of bird, swine, and human flu viruses, which further combined with a Eurasian pig flu virus. Miller et al. (2017) identified 87 percent of swine pathogens listed by the World Organization for Animal Health cause clinical disease in livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans.
Humans have contributed to zoonotic diseases through industrialization and the expansion of communities to accommodate the global population explosion. Landscape development encroaches on wildlife and exposes species to pathogens through close contact with humans and livestock, etc.
Caserta et al. (2022) tested white-tailed deer harvested by hunters for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) during the 2020 and 2021 hunting seasons in New York State. Test results found only 0.6 percent virus occurrence in 2020, but 21.1 percent occurrence in 2021, including all three variants (Alpha, Gamma, and Delta). The variants were present in deer long after they had subsided in the local human population. This presents an example of wildlife acting as a “reservoir” for a virus that can infect other species. Still, it seems odd that a specific disease or pathogen can infect mammals, including humans, as well as birds.
Aquatic birds of the world are the reservoirs for all influenza A viruses, and the virus is spread by fecal-oral transmission in untreated water. Transmission involves mutational or recombinational events and can occur through fecal contamination of unprocessed avian protein, e.g. animals preying upon infected birds or drinking contaminated water. The transmission of avian influenza viruses or virus genes to humans is postulated to occur through pigs that act as the intermediate host5. Once avian influenza viruses are established in mammals, they are transmitted from animal to animal by the respiratory airborne route.
While disease outbreaks and spread may be somewhat manageable among livestock and poultry populations, controlling disease spread in wildlife is complicated due to the free movement of wild animals. Brucellosis presents a textbook case study.
Cattle introduced brucellosis to the Yellowstone area in the early 1900s and transmitted it to local wildlife populations. The disease has supposedly been eliminated from domestic livestock in the US, yet it remains in the bison and elk populations of the Greater Yellowstone Area6. Like many zoonotic diseases, brucellosis has not significantly threatened wildlife populations.
Understanding animal travel and contact networks is imperative to understanding the potential movement and risk of a disease – information that is not readily available for wild animals, particularly when facing a novel disease.
Researchers have studied ecological niche modelling as a means of predicting disease spread within and among wildlife populations, but data on levels of infection in wildlife are often scarce, open to bias, and insufficient for the assessment of cross-species transmission. Complexities in wildlife populations including host movement, variation in host population size, density, and contact rates, unpredictable variation in climate, and species differences in the host–pathogen relationship lead to low model predictability. Johnson et al. (2019) found that adapting the traditional biotic, abiotic, and movement framework of ecological niche models by summarizing the interaction of three factors – dynamically linked biotic interactors, unlinked abiotic stressors, and dispersal capacity – improves model prediction capability. A practical application for common wildlife species seems unlikely; however, modelling disease spread
with high predictability may allow wildlife managers to avoid significant population-level effects from novel and highly virulent pathogens for known distributions of threatened and endangered species.
The complexities involving host-pathogen interactions are utterly fascinating, but in the grand scheme of life and potential
|
31 | 3 | 1 |
litres of water. A food oil is extracted from its seeds. The toasted seeds replace coffee. Rich in phosphate they are the main ingredient in the prooduction of soap and fertiliser. The bark is used to make ropes and the sap is used for paper.
Soak the seeds in cool water for 48 hours before sowing at temperatures of 25ºC night/30ºC day. An acute viral hepatitis panel is used to help detect and/or diagnose acute liver infection and inflammation that is due to one of the three most common hepatitis viruses: hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV).
There are several causes of hepatitis and the accompanying symptoms, so these tests are used to determine if symptoms are due to a current infection with a virus and to identify which virus in particular is causing the disease. These tests may also help determine if someone has been exposed to one of the viruses even before symptoms develop.
An acute viral hepatitis panel typically consists of the following tests:
Hepatitis A antibody, IgM—these antibodies typically develop 2 to 3 weeks after first being infected and persist for about 2 to 6 months. Hepatitis A IgM antibodies develop early in the course of infection, so a positive hepatitis A IgM test is usually considered diagnostic for acute hepatitis A in a person with signs and symptoms.
Hepatitis B core antibody, IgM—this is an antibody produced against the hepatitis B core antigen. It is the first antibody produced in response to a hepatitis B infection and, when detected, may indicate an acute infection. It may also be present in people with chronic hepatitis B when flares of disease activity occur.
Hepatitis B surface Ag—this is a protein present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. It is the earliest indicator of an acute infection but may also be present in the blood of those chronically infected.
Hepatitis C antibody—this test detects antibodies produced in response to an HCV infection. It cannot distinguish between an active or previous infection. If positive, it is typically followed up with other tests to determine if the infection is a current one. (See the article on Hepatitis C for more on this.)
There are some other tests that may be offered as part of a hepatitis panel, depending on the laboratory performing the tests. These may include:
HBV surface antibody—the test for this antibody may sometimes be included in a panel to help determine if an infection has resolved or if a person has developed the antibody after receiving the hepatitis B vaccine and achieved immunity for protection against HBV.
Other tests such as a liver panel or individual tests such as bilirubin, ALT, and AST may be performed to help evaluate liver function in an individual suspected of having hepatitis.
An acute viral hepatitis panel may be ordered when a person has had blood tests done as part of a health checkup that show abnormal results on liver tests or when someone has acute symptoms associated with liver damage such as:
The acute viral hepatitis panel may sometimes be used to screen people when they are at an increased risk for hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection or when it is known that they have been exposed. Below are listed some examples of who may be screened using the panel:
People who have elevated liver enzymes (ALT and AST) with no known cause
For hepatitis C, per a 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendation, to help identify chronic hepatitis C infections in persons born during 1945-1965 as they are considered at an increased risk
Acute hepatitis B; quantity of hepatitis B surface antigen is too low to detect
Acute or chronic hepatitis C; additional tests are required to make the determination
If other hepatitis tests are performed to help determine prior exposure or previous infection, they may indicate the following:
Hepatitis A antibody, total (IgM and IgG) — if negative, no current or previous HAV infection; if positive, indicates exposure to HAV or the HAV vaccine. An IgM test must be done if an acute infection is suspected.
Hepatitis B core antibody, total (IgM and IgG) — a positive test can indicate exposure to the virus or to HBV vaccine. An IgM test must be performed if an acute infection is suspected.
Hepatitis B surface antibody — if positive, it indicates that a HBV infection has resolved; depending on results of other HBV tests, a negative result may indicate that an infection has not resolved. It will also be positive with a negative hepatitis B core antibody after a person has received a hepatitis B vaccine. (For more on this, see Hepatitis B Testing: What does the test result mean?)
It is possible to be infected with more than one hepatitis virus, and an acute infection with one hepatitis virus can be superimposed on a chronic infection with a different hepatitis virus. In such cases, there may be a positive result for more than one type of virus and care must be taken when interpreting the results.
If all the viral tests are negative, then the antibody or antigen level is too low to detect or the hepatitis is due to some other cause. For more on this and other tests that may be done to determine the cause, see the article on Hepatitis.
The tests that are typically included in an acute viral hepatitis panel may not always be able to tell whether someone has had a previous hepatitis infection or has developed antibodies in response to a vaccine. Usually other types of tests are performed to provide this type of information. See the individual articles on Hepatitis A Testing, Hepatitis B Testing or Hepatitis C Testing for more on this.
The presence of hepatitis A IgM antibodies in the blood are considered diagnostic for acute infection with hepatitis A when the test information is combined with a person's signs and symptoms. When the hepatitis screening test is performed for people who do not have symptoms of acute hepatitis, the presence of hepatitis A IgM antibodies may represent a false-positive result. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have recommended against using the test for screening in people without acute hepatitis symptoms to decrease the possibility of false-positive results.
This article was last reviewed on May 7, 2014. | This article was last modified on May 7, 2014.
The review date indicates when the article was last reviewed from beginning to end to ensure that it reflects the most current science. A review may not require any modifications to the article, so the two dates may not always agree.
The modified date indicates that one or more changes were made to the article. Such changes may or may not result from a full review of the article, so the two dates may not always agree. Have you ever wondered If Smell Affects Taste? This project will focus on how Smell Affects Taste.My hypothesis is that it will change their sense of taste when we plug their nose since they can’t smell it, it might change their sense of taste.To test this hypothesis I will feed people different types of food and plug their nose and see if it changes how they can taste of the food.For our experimental procedures first we are going to set up the table with our 3 sided box and then we are going to write all the information on pieces of paper and then put the papers on the box then we are going to plug peoples noses and feed them food. Have you ever thought about how smell works? ” The sense of smell just like the sense of taste, is a chemical senseRodriguez, 2018″.” They are called chemical senses, because they detect chemical senses in the environmentRodriguez, 2018″. ” Smell works at dramatically larger distances than that of tasteRodriguez, 2018″. Smell works so you can smell your surroundings and what your eating or drinking.Have you ever thought about how taste works” Our sense of taste also known as your gustatory perception is the scientific way to say our sense of taste(Dr. Paul Link, N.D)”. ” Eating food you enjoy is more than survival practice (Dr. Paul Link, N.D)”. You have taste buds so you can taste what’s in your mouth.That is why when you have a cold you can’t really taste anything. Unlike our sense of taste responds to chemical stimulation rather than physical one’s (Dr.paul Link, N.D). Have you ever thought about how taste Have you ever thought about how smell affects taste ? If you plug your nose you can’t taste your food.” Both your smell and sense of taste detects chemicals(whitehead, 2018)”.Also if you have sickness you can’t taste your food. ” You have taste buds on the roof of your mouth and inner surface of your cheeks(whitehead, 2018)”. You have 10,000 to 20,00 taste buds in your mouth.Umami taste buds detect savory flavors like salty, bitter, sweet. My project is all about how smell affects taste. First we are talking about how the sense smell works. Also we are talking about how the sense of taste works. Lastly we are talking about how smell affects taste. Me and my partner are going to test how all of the senses in the human body work. Meniere’s disease (MD) is an inner ear disorder that causes four major symptoms; attacks of vertigo which tend to occur in clusters, a fluctuating and usually progressive hearing loss in the affected ear, tinnitus and a sensation of aural fullness (blocked ear).
It is estimated that approximately 50,000 people in Australia suffer from MD. The attacks of vertigo tend to occur in clusters lasting a few months followed by variable periods of remission. Eventually these attacks peter out and the hearing becomes very poor.
The attacks of vertigo cause great distress. The sensation of spinning can last for several hours associated with nausea and vomiting.
The characteristics of the hearing loss vary according to the stage of the disease as it progresses.
In the first stage of MD the hearing loss affects only the low tones (bass) when the levels of endolymph are high in the cochlea. The hearing returns to normal after an attack of dizziness.
In the second stage the hearing continues to fluctuate but it never returns to its normal levels. Over a period of days or even several times in a single day, the hearing may have different degrees of acuity.
In the third stage (burn out) the hearing is very impaired and distorted but more stable – it may still fluctuate slightly but with a more linear pattern – the tinnitus and recruitment are very troublesome.
The inability to hear at a consistent level as it happens in MD makes it difficult to accept and understand the hearing loss. Some attribute the hearing difficulties to external factors such as background noise, “mumbling speakers”, poor environmental acoustics, and bad reception of telephone, TV or radio amongst other things. Many also believe that the tinnitus is responsible for their hearing difficulties. The reality is that the excessive levels of endolymph fluid damage the cochlea, causing a hearing loss. The hearing handicap is worse if both ears are affected but even one impaired ear can be very disruptive.
Hearing loss is a major source of stress, anxiety and depression. Most people do not realize the impact of a hearing loss in family, social and work life.
Hearing Aids & Meniere’s Disease
There is still a misconception that hearing aids are of little, if any, help for those with MD. Hearing losses caused by MD are certainly very difficult to be dealt with, but not impossible as some may believe. With the advent of digital sound processing incorporated into hearing aid technology, the possibilities of enhancing hearing in MD have also significantly improved. Modern hearing aids amplify the sounds to match the hearing loss very precisely and also reduce loud sounds to comfortable levels.
When successfully fitted an individual with MD can expect that the hearing aid will minimize the impact of the hearing loss making every-day sounds clearer, reduce the discomfort of recruitment by compressing uncomfortably loud sounds to a more tolerable volume, and reduce the tinnitus perception to a less distressing level.
When considering a hearing aid the first step is to visit a suitably qualified audiologist with experience in Meniere’s disease. There are more than 300 hearing aids from more than 10 manufacturers available in Australia. They come in different sizes, shapes, colours and prices. It should however, be kept in mind that hearing aids are medical devices and not fashion items. The quality of the hearing aid is extremely important for those with MD. The natural hearing is typically distorted due to the cochlear damage and needs to be compensated by the best possible amplified sound quality.
The existence of a fluctuating hearing loss needs to be established based on a series of hearing tests performed at different times of the day over a period of time. Only then can a suitable hearing aid be selected. All hearing aids need to be fine tuned for an individual’s hearing loss and even more so in MD. Successfully fitting a hearing aid to someone with MD is an ongoing process requiring several sessions with the audiologist.
A hearing aid may sound perfect when it is first tuned for someone with MD but next day the hearing may drop or improve and the hearing aid will sound too weak or too loud or simply distorted. Hearing fluctuation means that sometimes the hearing may be better for the trebles and other times it may be better for the bass sounds. The hearing aid needs to be selected based on the pattern of the hearing fluctuation. A hearing aid with a volume control may be sufficient if there is very little or no fluctuation. A multiple memory hearing aid may be selected only if the pattern of fluctuation can be established and predicted; which is rarely the case.
If the hearing fluctuation is non-linear and unpredictable, as it usually is in the second stage of MD, only a “self- programmable” hearing aid system will be of help.
Dr Celene McNeill has pioneered the use of such hearing aids for patients with MD as part of her PhD studies. Hundreds of patients have been fitted with self-programmable hearing aids at Healthy Hearing & Balance Care.
Here are some testimonials:
“I am now able to go back to work as I am in control of my hearing”
“I am back to my social life”
“I can sit at a dinner table and have a conversation with my family”
“Background noise is not as much of a problem”
“I can schedule meetings with the confidence that my hearing won’t let me down” Fahrenheit sıcaklık cetveli. Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Kimya Terimi Olarak Fahrenheit sıcaklık cetveli.:
Buzun 32°F da eridiğini ve suyun 212 °F da kaynadığını kabul eden sıcaklık cetveli.
Benzer Kimya Terimleri:
Kuru pil: Elektrolitin ıslak pasta şeklinde olduğu pil.
Katı Asfalt: Sıvı asfalta kum, çakıl ilavesiyle elde edilen yollara serilen asfalt olarak bilinen üründür.
Radyografi: X ya da gama ışıması yardımı ile film ya da duyarlı plaka üzerinde görüntü elde etme yöntemi.
Atmosfer Basıncı: 1-Atmosferdeki havanın ağırlığından dolayı uyguladığı açık hava basıncı. 2- 76 cm (760 mm) yüksekliğindeki civa sutunun uyguladığı basınç.
Işık Hızı: Bütün elektromanyetik dalgaların boşluk kabul edilen, maddeden arınmış ve havası boşaltılmış ortamda 300 000 000 m/s lik bir hızla ile ilerleyişi.
Kırağılaşma: Gaz halindeki bir maddenin sıvı hale geçmeden direk katı hale geçmesine kırağılaşma denir.
Teflon: Politetra floroetilen (PTFE) polimerin ticari adı.
Yüzey Gerilimi: Moleküller arası çekim kuvvetinden dolayı sıvının yüzeyinde oluşan kuvvet. 【财新网】（记者 王晓庆）光明集团原董事长王宗南被控挪用公款、�����
|
31 | 3 | 2 |
has hindered the fight against diarrhoea, leaving it one of Nepal’s leading child killers despite hundreds of millions of dollars having been invested, say practitioners. While health programming has helped reduce the severity and fatality of diarrhoea among children below the age of five, the percentage of children affected by diarrhoea in Nepal has not budged in almost a decade, remaining at a stubbornly high 14 percent.
A major cholera epidemic in 2009 affected over 70,000 people in 27 of the country’s 75 districts, killing almost 380. Since then, an average 3,500 under-five children are hit by diarrhoea outbreaks every year, resulting in some 50 deaths (1.4 percent fatality rate), according to government statistics.
Some nine out of 10 deaths due to diarrhoea worldwide are traced to unsafe water, inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene, according to the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), all of which are lacking in Nepal.
According to the most recent census in 2011, almost 40 percent of households nationwide did not have any safe way to dispose of faeces, and while 85 percent had access to an “improved” water source, it was still not necessarily safe, said Madhav Pahari, water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) specialist at UNICEF’s office in Kathmandu. Less than half the population had access to soap and clean water for hand-washing.
A recent self-assessment by the WASH sector in Nepal, including both governmental and non-governmental groups, blamed insufficient funding, as well as inefficient spending.
In order to achieve its targets of universal toilet coverage by 2017 and basic water and sanitation services for all, Nepal will need to double its current annual investment in the sector from US$43 million to some $85 million, concluded the 2011 assessment.
But it is not only about more money, but also more “rational” spending, said Nanda Bahadur Khanal, senior divisional engineer at the water supply and sanitation Sector Efficiency Improvement Unit of the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD).
Lack of coordination between the many actors has hampered effective use of funds, said Pahari.
“We have too many government entities implementing water and sanitation projects.” For rural WASH activities alone, there are three key agencies, all functioning under separate ministries and through different local bodies.
“Whose responsibility is sanitation at the broader national level?” asked Sudha Shrestha, acting chief technical adviser at the UN Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT) in Nepal. “Is it the Ministry of Urban Development? Is it the Ministry of Local Development? Or is it the Ministry of Physical Planning, Works, and Transport Management? And for hygiene, is it the Ministry of Health and Population? The roles and responsibility are not explicitly defined.”
Officials have only recently identified that in addition to last year’s $43.3 million WASH budget, another $19 million was funnelled by donors to water and sanitation projects, but not in collaboration with any government agencies and, therefore, did not appear on any official expense statements.
“Externally channelled money makes up about 30 percent of investment in the sector, but its geographical coverage is not even 5 percent,” calculated Khanal at the MoUD. “That money has not been used effectively.”
Fragmentation has often led to duplication of efforts on the ground, he added. If a water tap built by one agency stops running, instead of repairing it, locals will request a different agency to build a new water supply system.
As a result, some village development committees (VDCs) are saturated with water supply schemes, while others have none, said UNICEF’s Pahari.
Water and sanitation projects too often target communities most easily reached by road or air, which are already better-off, said Shrestha at UN-HABITAT. “If I go to a district for an intervention, I will choose a place where I can get quick results.”
Even with a national sanitation average hovering around 60 percent, around 10 districts have less than 30 percent of their population accessing “improved” sanitation.
“There is a poor culture and practice of evidence-based resource allocation,” according to the government’s Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene, Sector Status Report 2011.
“Our funding needs to prioritize unreached populations – deprived communities, remote communities, and those with weak political access,” said Khanal. “That is what we are advocating for now.”
Attention should be paid to the “sanitation-dark” stretch of districts along the central-eastern Terai flatlands bordering India from the districts of Parsa to Saptari, where over 20 percent of the country’s population resides, said Pahari. Investment for water and sanitation in these districts needs to increase at least five-fold, as estimated in the 2011 sector report.
There are also concentrated pockets of recurring diarrhoeal outbreaks in the country, particularly in the mid- and far-western hill districts of Accham, Doti, Dialekh, Bajhang, Jajarkot, and Rukum that require constant and improved disease surveillance, explained Sameer Dixit, country director of the scientific NGO Centre for Molecular Dynamics.
New data analysis is needed to improve targeting, said Purusotam Shedain, senior integrated medical officer at the Child Health Division of Nepal’s Department of Health Services (DHS). The government has identified hard-to-reach urban poor populations in a number of slum areas in Kathmandu; researchers have only begun to disaggregate national diarrhoea prevalence data by caste. A person’s family background plays a prominent factor in service access. Only with such information can the government tailor and target its services more accurately, he added.
Supply over sanitation
WASH efforts in Nepal have favoured water infrastructure projects over sanitation and hygiene interventions, added Shrestha from UN-HABITAT.
“Diarrhoeal outbreaks are related to the wider perspective of hygiene, water quality, sanitation, and the environment,” said Pahari. “The sector has not been able to address all four parameters in a systematic manner.” Pahari observed that access to improved water has been “significantly improved”, sanitation is “relatively OK”, hygiene awareness is “far from required” and environmental cleanliness is “too far to achieve”.
“Our focus, thus far, has been on getting people to defecate in a toilet,” admitted the MoUD’s Khanal, with issues around the facility’s cleanliness, food hygiene and hand-washing only slowly being addressed.
The government created a separate budget line for national sanitation and hygiene promotion only two years back, but the $3.2 million allotted for 2012 did not fulfil spending requirements of using 10 percent of the total rural water supply budget for national sanitation and hygiene promotion.
The DHS’s National Health Education, Information and Communication Centre initiated water and sanitation outreach work four years ago, Kunj Prasad Joshi, senior health education officer at the centre, told WNN news partner IRIN. It currently spends between $114,000-$228,000 targeting schools in seven districts. Taking the project nationwide requires 10 times more funding, he said.
“With Nepal’s population at 26.8 million, even if you estimate only 10-20 rupees expense per head, you would still need 200 to 250 million [Nepalese rupees, or $2.2-$2.8 million],” calculated Joshi.
No long-term focus
Even where hygiene awareness has spread, most development projects do not run long enough to instil lasting behaviour change, said Shrestha. “Many of our interventions are resource and time bound.” They last an average of three to five years, after which “there are no provisions to return to see how things are going.” Instead, local authorities need to institutionalize behaviour-change interventions, Shrestha added.
The same goes for changing hygiene habits and infrastructure maintenance. Although 20 percent of the water supply budget should go to repair and rehabilitation, according to policy stipulations, less than 1 percent currently does.
Around 80 percent of water supply schemes need repair, rehabilitation, or reconstruction, some of which are completely non-functional, based on the 2011 sector review.
According to the Department of Water Supply and Sewerage’s 2010 assessment, almost 2 percent of the population with toilets did not use them. Of those who did, over 20 percent were poorly managed or dirty and unhygienic.
Coverage statistics are poor indicators of water and sanitation conditions in communities, said the government’s Khanal.
Following the first joint-sector WASH review in 2011, a follow-up consultation was held in 2012, and another national review is planned for 2013. The review initiated formal budget tracking, with a standard format to be in place by next year.
“If we could streamline investment in the sector, there may still not be enough funding, but we would need less investment than is currently demanded,” said Khanal. “We need to consider rational use of our funds. The government needs to develop a roadmap for investment priorities in the sector, and the donors, following the Paris Declaration [on Aid Effectiveness] need to invest where the national government [requests].”
The 2011 review found the WASH sector lacked reliable performance monitoring. “Although more than Rs 22 billion [$250 million] has been allocated to the sector in the past six years [2004-2010], utilization effectiveness is often questioned in the absence of structured monitoring mechanisms.”
A programme document that identifies priority areas to guide WASH practitioners should also be finalized soon, Khanal added.
The Sanitation and Hygiene Master Plan launched in 2011 exposed neglected areas. It set a target year of 2017 for universal toilet coverage, launched a nationwide open defecation-free campaign, and endorsed the creation of district, municipal and village-level coordination committees to oversee WASH interventions.
The crucial question for the sector, said Shestra, is “how to continue and maintain the movement”. (ASI) La bozza delle garanzie di sicurezza, per l'Ucraina, diffusa oggi dalla presidenza di Kiev rappresenta “di fatto un prologo alla Terza Guerra Mondiale”.
Lo ha scritto su Telegram il vicepresidente del Consiglio di Sicurezza russo Dmitry Medvedev. “Naturalmente, nessuno darà alcuna garanzia ai nazisti ucraini, dopotutto è quasi come applicare l'Art. 5 del Trattato della Nato”, ha aggiunto. “Se questi idioti continueranno a pompare senza freni il regime di Kiev con i tipi di armi più pericolosi - ha avvertito l'ex capo del Cremlino - prima o poi la campagna militare passerà a un altro livello”.
Il durissimo monito è giunto per la proposta di Kiev di istituire un 'Trattato di sicurezza di Kiev', un documento congiunto sul partenariato strategico che unisce l'Ucraina e gli Stati garanti. Tra le raccomandazioni principali, presenti nel rapporto, c'è la necessità per l'Ucraina di "risorse per mantenere una forza difensiva significativa in grado di resistere alle forze armate e ai paramilitari della Federazione Russa" e di "uno sforzo pluridecennale di investimenti sostenuti nella base industriale della difesa dell'Ucraina, trasferimenti di armi scalabili e supporto dell'intelligence da parte degli alleati, missioni di addestramento intensivo ed esercitazioni congiunte sotto le bandiere dell'Unione europea e della Nato".
Marco Paganelli – Agenzia Stampa Italia Güney Kore, Kuzey Kore'nin Doğu Denizi'ne iki kısa menzilli füze fırlattığını duyurdu.
Güney Kore ordusundan yapılan açıklamada, Kuzey Kore'nin, kuzeydoğusundaki Güney Hamgyong eyaletinden iki balistik füze fırlattığı, 97 kilometre irtifaya ulaşan füzelerin 380 kilometre uçtuktan sonra Japonya ile Kore Yarımadası arasındaki Doğu Denizi'ne düştüğü belirtildi.
ABD Devlet Başkanı Donald Trump, konuyla ilgili yaptığı açıklamada, Kuzey Kore lideri Kim Jong Un'un kendisiyle dürüst olduğunu söyledi.
Trump, "Kim, füze denemelerini seviyor, zaten biz de kısa menzilli füze denemelerini yasaklamadık." ifadelerini kullandı.
Güney Kore Ulusal Güvenlik Konseyinden yapılan açıklamada, füze denemelerinin endişeyle karşılandığı vurgulanarak Pyongyang yönetimine askeri gerginliği yükseltecek eylemlerden kaçınma çağrısında bulunuldu.
Japonya hükümeti, füzelerin karasularına düşmediğini ve hasara yol açmadığını bildirdi.
Bugünkü deneme, Pyongyang yönetiminin 25 Temmuz'dan bu yana yaptığı 7'inci füze denemesi oldu.
Uzmanlar, Kuzey Kore'nin füze denemesini, ABD ile Güney Kore arasında 5-20 Ağustos tarihlerinde düzenlenen askeri tatbikata tepki olarak yaptığını belirtiyor.
Yasal Uyarı:
Yayınlanan haberler, köşe yazıları, fotoğraflar, yazı dizileri ve her türlü eserin tüm hakları Mirajans Medya İletişim Reklam Haber ve Prodüksiyon A.Ş.’ye aittir. Kaynak gösterilerek bile olsa eserin bütünü özel izin alınmadan kullanılamaz. Kulaklıklar uzun zamandır birçok kişinin dinleme tercihi oldu ve Apple iPhone 7’nin kulaklık jakını çıkarıp AirPod’ları piyasaya sürdüğünde kablosuz kulaklık satışları arttı. O zamandan beri, görünüşe göre güneşin altındaki her marka ve hatta derinliklerden dirilen bazıları, gerçek kablosuz kulaklıkları piyasaya sürdü. Bazıları küçük ve ucuz. Bazıları büyük ve pahalıdır. Bazıları tek bedene uyan sert plastik tasarımlara sahiptir. Bazılarında, farklı boyuttaki kulakları barındıran, kullanıcı tarafından değiştirilebilen kauçuk uçlar bulunur. Ancak tüm kulakiçi kulaklıkları birleştiren bir şey, sonunda, ses kalitesini engelleyebilecek ve genel ses çıkışını azaltabilecek bir kulak kiri ve birikinti ile iğrenç bir şekilde iğrenç hale gelmeleridir. Sonuç olarak, arada bir temizlemek için zaman ayırmalısınız.
Burada, kulakiçi kulaklıklarınızı (sert plastik ve yumuşak kauçuk uçlu kulakiçi kulaklıklar dahil) temizlemenin çeşitli yollarından bazılarını
|
31 | 3 | 3 |
için genellikle bir sıkıntı olmaz; Bununla birlikte, mevsimlerin öngörülemeyeceği ve asgari veya azami sıcaklıkların, onlarca yıldan beri kullandığımızlardan çok farklı olduğu durumları, giderek daha sık yaşanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, sonbaharda, dokunmamış kumaştan bir bez veya başlık hazırlamanızı, rafta tutulmanızı ve yalnızca gerektiğinde Şubat 2012 haftası gibi durumlarda kullanılmasını öneririm. bozulmaz, yıllarca değişmeden kalır ve her şeyden önce astronomik meblağlara mal olmaz ve önümüzdeki 10 yıl boyunca ılıman kışlar geçirirsek, dokumasız kumaşınız Şubat ayının sonunda kar yağan şiddetli bir yıl boyunca sessizce bekleyecek. Dorion was called to the bar in 1927, and was the founding president of the Jeune Barreau de Québec in 1934. He was the crown attorney who prosecuted Wilbert Coffin in 1954. The Coffin Affair, as it became known, was a contributing factor in the decision to abolish the death penalty in Canada as it became a widespread belief that Coffin was wrongly convicted and executed.
Dorion entered politics in the 1945 federal election, running as an Independent in Quebec East, but was unsuccessful. Dorion finished in second place behind Louis St. Laurent, and was the unofficial Conservative standard-bearer as the riding had no official Tory candidate. He ran as an independent along with his brother Frédéric Dorion, an incumbent MP, due to his opposition to conscription in the Conscription Crisis of 1944.
Dorion was appointed to the Canadian Cabinet in 1960 as Secretary of State for Canada, and was reassigned to the position of President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada in 1961. He held this position until his defeat in the 1962 federal election. Dorion returned to his law practice, and remained an active lawyer until his death.
- Law Society of Quebec biographies (French) roverbella. Un anno e due mesi di reclusione: è la condanna inflitta ieri mattina dal giudice Serracassano a Stefano Franchini, 27 anni, di Roverbella, finito a processo per minacce, lesioni, danneggiamento e porto illegale di coltello.I fatti, che si sono verificati a Roverbella, risalgono al 18 luglio di tre anni fa. Quel giorno il 27enne aveva litigato con una persona amica per futili motivi.
Dopo averlo pesantemente minacciato lo aveva picchiato con l’aggravante dei futili motivi.
Era finito a processo anche per danneggiamento e possesso illegale di un coltello.
Da queste due accuse è stato assolto ma non da quelle di lesioni e minacce per le quali è stato condannato, con la pena sospesa comunque in quanto incensurato.
L’amico, che a quel punto non poteva più definirsi tale, dopo il pestaggio non ha esitato a rivolgersi ai carabinieri per presentare la denuncia e ad andare in pronto soccorso per farsi curare le lesioni che le botte dell’ex amico gli avevano causato. Il giovane era difeso dall’avvocato Marco Tenca. Craft projects to make using Plastic FlowersArtificial flowers are imitations of natural flowering plants used for commercial or residential decoration. They are sometimes made for scientific purposes. Materials used in their manufacture have included painted linen and shavings of stained horn in Egypt, gold and silver in ancient Rome, rice-paper in China, silkworm cocoons in Italy, colored feathers in South America, and wax and tinted s... From Wikipedia
Join our free community and help inspire the world to craft!
Sign up in one click using
Or using your email address
Tutorialtable centerpieces »
Fake Cake Teapot Bunny Tower Or How You Can Make Fake Whippet Cream With Your Glue
Tutorialflower hair clips »
How To Make Hair Accessories For Women Fresh Flowers Diy Jewelry Making Malzemeler
- 2 yemek kaşığı Mısır Unu
- 2 yemek kaşığı Tereyağı
- 1,5 su bardağı Trabzon Peyniri
- yarım su bardağı Süt
- yarım su bardağı Su
Hazırlanış
- Öncelikle tereyağını tavaya alalım ve yakmadan fokur fokur kaynamasını sağlayalım.
- Yağımız kızınca üzerine mısır ununu ekleyip rengi dönene kadar kavuralım. (kavrulmuş mısır unu kullanıyorsanız çok fazla kavurmanıza gerek kalmaz)
- Ardından su ve süt karışımını ekleyelim ve güzelce karıştırıp kaynatalım.
- Kaynayan karışımın içerisine peynirini atıp ocağın altını iyice kısalım.
- Kısık ateşte mıhlamayı karıştırarak peynirin erimesini sağlayalım.
- Peynir tamamen eriyince tereyağı üste çıkana kadar kısık ateşte çok müdahale etmeden pişirelim (tereyağı üzerine çıktıysa mıhlamamız hazır demektir)
- Afiyet olsun به گزارش عصرپرس به نقل از مرکز روابط عمومی و اطلاع رسانی وزارت ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات، آذری جهرمی وزیر ارتباطات و فناوری اطلاعات که برای شرکت در کنفرانس و نمایشگاه بینالمللی مخابرات «ترکمن تل- ۲۰۱۸» به عشق آباد سفر کرده است در جمع وزرای ارتباطات کشورهای مشترک المنافع (RCC) گفت: ایران آمادگی دارد تا برای تاسیس دفتراتحادیه RCC برای گفت و گوهای مشترک در حوزهICT همکاری کند.
وی افزود: ICT پیوند دهنده فکر و ذهن مردم و تسهیل کننده تجارت و رشد اقتصادی است.
وزیر ارتباطات با تاکید بر اینکه ICT یکی از ابزارهای اساسی در ارتقا شاخص های امنیت انسانی است، گفت: برای دستیابی به هدف منطقه ای قوی تر ایران به دنبال همکاری با همسایگان شمالی خود در حوزه ICT است تا این هدف را محقق کند.
بالاترین مقام ارتباطات کشور، توسعه اقتصاد دیجیتال و تجارت الکترونیک را در راس اولویت های حوزه ارتباطات ایران برای همکاری با اعضای اتحادیه کشورهای مستقل مشترکالمنافع(CIS) دانست و اظهار کرد: طیف گسترده ای از موضوعات از همکاری های فضایی، ماهواره ای و تنظیم مقررات و ارتباطات پستی برای همکاری های بیشتر پیش روی ما است.
اتحادیه وزاری ارتباطات کشورهای مشترک المنافع (RCC) یک اتحادیه منطقه ای است که توسط اعضای اتحادیه کشورهای مشترک المنافع (CIS) روسیه، بلاروس، قرقیزستان، قزاقستان، ازبکستان، مولداوی، ارمنستان، تاجیکستان و ترکمنستان تشکیل شده است و هر ساله کنفرانس و نمایشگاه بین المللی در یکی از کشورهای عضو برگزار می شود. امسال ترکمنستان میزبان کشورهای عضو است. خبر " افزایش ترس از صرافیها؛ هولدرهای بیت کوین به کیف پولهای شخصی مهاجرت میکنند از منبع ارز دیجیتال " با موضوع CryptoNews-ارز دیجیتال در تاریخ ۱۴۰۱/۰۸/۲۴ منتشر شد.
ورشکستگی FTX به عنوان دومین صرافی بزرگ جهان و مجموعه ای که تا پیش از این یکی از اعضای شکست ناپذیر صنعت ارزهای دیجیتال در نظر گرفته می شد، اتفاق غافلگیرکننده ای بود. با این حال، این فروپاشی ثابت کرد این صرافی آنقدری بزرگ نبود که شکست ناپذیر باشد؛ خصوصاً از این جهت که هیچ اندوخته ای برای پوشش بحران مالی کنونی […]
ورشکستگی FTX به عنوان دومین صرافی بزرگ جهان و مجموعه ای که تا پیش از این یکی از اعضای شکست ناپذیر صنعت ارزهای دیجیتال در نظر گرفته می شد، اتفاق غافلگیرکننده ای بود. با این حال، این فروپاشی ثابت کرد این صرافی آنقدری بزرگ نبود که شکست ناپذیر باشد؛ خصوصاً از این جهت که هیچ اندوخته ای برای پوشش بحران مالی کنونی خود نداشت.به گزارش کریپتو پوتیتو، در طول یک هفته گذشته، هولدرهای بیت کوین به وضوح مشغول برداشت دارایی های خود از صرافی های متمرکز و انتقال آنها به کیف پول های غیرامانی (شخصی) بودند. طبق گزارش روز گذشته مجموعه تحلیلی گلسنود (Glassnode)، صرافی ها اخیراً شاهد یکی از بزرگترین خروج های سرمایه از حساب های خود بوده اند؛ به طوری که چیزی حدود ۷۳٬۰۰۰ واحد بیت کوین تنها طی هفت روز (به طور خالص) از صرافی ها برداشت شده است.نمودار
|
31 | 4 | 0 |
omite complex at Petra reflects Horite beliefs. This was the home of the red Nabateans. Naba or Nabu was the guardian of scribes and prophets. The cult of Nabu was introduced into Mesopotamia and Babylon by the Kushites. Kushite kings sometimes bore the name Nabu, as with Nabu-shum-libur, an early Kushite king in Babylon and Nabu-aplu-iddina. This is the origin of the Hebrew word nabi, meaning prophet.
The Horites were devotees of the Creator RA and his son Horus, born of Hathor who was divinely overshadowed. The Ra-Horus-Hathor narrative is a primitive form of the Gospel, or the Proto-Gospel.
From Abraham's Horite people receive a long-standing tradition concerning the Son or "Seed" of God (Gen. 3:15). The Horites are the direct ancestors of Jesus Christ (Matthew 1:1-17), and understanding their way of life and religious beliefs helps us to understand who Jesus is.
When someone asks about the ethnicity of a Biblical figure, they usually want to know about that person's appearance. The Bible tells us very little about the physical appearance of most Biblical persons. This is probably because people were less concerned about what we call "racial" distinctions. The genetic mix of the inhabitants of the ancient Afro-Asiatic world was extremely varied. There were black and red Nubians.
|Red and black Nubians|
The Egyptians were reddish-brown, dark brown and black. The Edomites were lighter with dark wavy hair and a reddish skin tone. David is described as having a red skin tone, reflecting his connection to the Horites of Edom. The Ainu (Anu) were lighter with a reddish tone and some had green eyes. Ainu rulers wore beards.
Although both Abraham and David are portrayed in films and images as European or Middle Eastern Jews, neither was Jewish. Both lived before a people called "Jews" can be identified. Abraham lived between 980-1200 years before David and about 2200-2400 years before Jesus. (See Thoughts on Calculating the Dates of the Patriarchs.)
This Jewish writer, when asked if David was Jewish, defines Jewishness and then evades the question that must be answered. One is a Jew if his mother is Jewish or if he properly converts to Judaism. David was a Jew if his mother was, yet strangely the Bible is silent about David's mother. Likewise, Abraham was a Jew if his mother was, and the Bible tells us nothing about Abraham's mother. This is intriguing, given that the Jews are so fastidious about keeping genealogical records. We have good reason to suspect that this information was withheld or deleted at a time after Abraham and David, probably by the Deuteronomist Historian who places great emphasis on Jewish racial purity.
The Horites were a caste of ruler-priests who practiced endogamy. Horites married only Horites, so we can be fairly certain that Abraham's mother was a Horite and so was David's mother. The Bible does not explicity state the ethnicity of the mothers of Abraham and David. However, analysis of the genealogial data clarifies that they were both ancestors of Jesus Christ. Their people lived in expectation of the appearing of the Son of God, according to the promise that was made to their ancestors in Eden (Gen. 3:15). This points to the core family around which the tradition and expectation of the Son of God developed. Research on their identity makes it fairly certain that both women were of the Horite ruler-priest caste. Horite priests married the chaste daughters of Horite priests who maintained shrines along rivers or at wells. This is why so many of the leading figures of the Bible meet their wives at wells.
The Horites were ethnically Kushite
Kushite wives are found among the Horite clans and many of the greatest figures of Biblical history married Kushite brides. Abraham and Moses did. Moses' Kushite wife was his first bride and his half-sister. Zipporah was his second wife and his patrilineal cousin. Abraham had two Kushite wives: Sa-ra and Ketu-ra. Their names represent two Horite clans, as evidenced by the Horite name for the Supreme God: Ra.
The ruler-priests of Abraham's people maintained their two wives in separate households on a north-south axis. This is what is revealed by analysis of the kinship pattern of Genesis 4-5 and Genesis 11. I Chronicles 2:13-16 lists David’s siblings, but does not mention that some of these children may be the offspring of Jesse by two wives. Jesse of Bethlehem was a typical Horite shepherd-priest, and Bethlehem was a Horite settlement.
David of the Horite Settlement of Bethlehem
David was born about 1040 B.C. He was the eighth and youngest son of Jesse of Bethlehem, a Horite shepherd-priest. The settlement was originally known for the sacrifice of sheep and rams. The meat was distributed to the poor, which is why the settlement was originally called "House of Meat." This meaning is retained in the Arabic name for the town: . There is no record of David's mother's name. His father Jesse was likely a priest and shepherd and he probably had two wives. One wife (David's mother) was in Bethlehem and the other wife was probably in Hebron. This would explain why David was anointed first in Bethlehem and later anointed as king of Judah in Hebron (II Samuel 2:1-4).
We note also that before being anointed as the ruler, David had married two wives following the custom of his ruler-priest ancestors. This parallels Isaac's story, in which Abraham must find his son a second wife (Rebecca) before he dies so that Isaac may become the ruler over his territory. Rebecca was Isaac's cousin bride. Isaac's half-sister bride would have been living in Beersheba, which is where the servant brings Rebecca to wed Isaac.
David's first two wives are likely a half-sister and a patrilineal cousin. Ahinoam of Jezreel would have been his cousin bride, as Jezreel is just north of Hebron. Abigail of Carmel was probably his half-sister bride, as Carmel is south of Hebron. She is probably the Abigail named as David's sister in I chronicles 2:16. She had married Nabal who refused to help David when he needed provisions for his men.
Now the question arises as to the identity of David’s mother. What should this matter? Because according to the custom of Abraham’s people, ethnicity or bloodline is traced matrilineally. Even today Jewish Law defines a Jew as one of three things:
• Someone who is matrilineally descended from Jacob (Israel) by any of his wives
• Someone who has properly converted
• Someone who is matrilineally descended from a proper convert.
The first is the only definition that can be applied to Abraham and David since both men lived before the Babylonian Captivity which marks the beginning of Jewish identity, and among their people ethnicity was traced through the mothers. This being the case, the critical question is what was the ethnic identity of David's mother?
According to the Talmud (a later source than the Bible) David's mother was called Nitzevet (tractate Bava Batra 91a). Her father was Adael. Adael is the masculine equivalent of the name Adah. Adah was the wife of Lamech the Elder, and the mother of Jubal and Jabal (Gen. 4). This is also the name of one of Esau the Elder’s wives. So Adah and Adael is a family name traced back to the lines of Cain and Seth (which intermarried). Both versions of the name are traceable to the Kenites, the descendents of Cain who intermarried with Seth's line. So David is kin to the Kenites. This explains why David sent the spoils of war to the cities of Judah and to the Kenites (1Samuel 30:29).
We are familiar of the story of Jael, the wife of Heber the Kenite, who killed Sissera by driving a tent peg through his temple while he slept (Judges 4:21). Here we find a connection between the Kenites and the Hebrews. Heber means friend in Hebrew. It was given to Abraham, the friend of God.
David's ancestry is traced through the following women: Tamar, the daughter of a priest. Tamar, the Righteous, tricked Judah into impregnating her. When Judah discovered that she was pregnant, he ordered that she be burned to death. This was the sentence for daughters of priests who committed adultery or harlotry. The Horites, called Khar by the Egyptians, were ruler-priests who married chaste daughters of priests who ruled over water shrines.
Rahab of Jericho was the wife of Salmon the Horite, the Son of Hur (Hor). Salmon is called the "father of Bethlehem" in 1 Chronicles 2:54. Rahab became the grandmother of Boaz who married Ruth. Salmon (also Salma or Solomon) is a Horite name and is associated with Bethlehem (1 Chronicles 2:51). The evidence concerning David's ethnicity points to Kenites and Horites who intermarried.
Abraham's Horite Mother
Abraham’s mother is not named in the Bible, but according to tradition she was the daughter of a priest associated with the Horite shrine of Karnach in ancient Nubia (Upper Nile). This is evident from the name of her father, called "Karnevo" in the Babylonian Talmud. Karnevo would have been a Horite since the shrine of Karnach was dedicated to Horus, son of the Creator.
In the ancient world shrines were places of rituals. Common rituals included baptisms or water cleansing; circumcision, and the removing of front teeth called nak or naak. Kar-nak means place of performing the removal of teeth, a practice found among the ancient Nilotes.
The Genesis text explains that Abraham and Sarah had the same father, but different mothers. Sarah was Abraham's half-sister bride. Keturah was his patrilineal cousin bride.
Related reading: Genesis in Anthropological Perspective; Endogamy and Jewish Identity; The Nilotic Origin of the Ainu; Kushite Diversity and Unity; Who Were the Horites?; Abraham's Horite Mother Challenge to Shaye Cohen's Portrayal of Abraham; Moses' Wives and Brothers Simple Ideas with Profound Impact
How to Develop Your Baby’s Understanding!
Children are born with a natural instinct to learn. They are constantly trying to figure out how something works: feeling it, picking stuff up, tasting everything! They love to learn. There is nothing better than looking at the world through a child’s eyes. It is a wonderful thing to experience. The more you teach a child, the more curious they become about the world around them, and the more they want to learn.
As newborns grow, the functions of vision, hearing and understanding, and tactile ability play an increasingly important role in how they learn. It’s important to take advantage of the visual, auditory and tactile pathways to begin developing your baby’s understanding of his environment.
Today, we’ll focus on the auditory/understanding function. Before we expect output we must give input. In other words, before you can expect your child to speak we must teach her to understand spoken language. The more direct language your baby hears, the earlier she will understand and the earlier she will follow instructions. As a result, children who are spoken to a lot throughout the day, and from birth, have a broader and more sophisticated understanding.
Two studies highlight just how important this simple practice is for a child’s brain.
- The first is a 1995 University of Kansas research study that focused on vocabulary and the number of words heard by children. The researchers discovered that poor children heard about 600 words/hour, middle class children heard about 1200 words/hour, and children from professional families heard about 2100 words/hour. By age 3 the poor children heard about 3 million less words than the children from professional families. This matters because in this study IQ and success in school correlated closely with the number of words heard early in life. Talking to children from the time they are born has a tremendous impact on brain development and future cognitive/intellectual function.
- The second study, just published in February 2018, builds on the U of K study and was done at MIT. In this study, the researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the importance of how we talk to children, not just how much we talk to them. This study provided clear proof that the critical factor in developing understanding is to actually engage children as you are speaking with them. The children who had the highest number of conversation experiences where there was give and take between parent and child were the ones who had the most brain activity in the language centers of the brain and the most brain growth. The study also found that these results correlated strongly on standardized tests of language skills, including vocabulary, grammar, and verbal reasoning.
So, hearing words directly from a person interacting with the child face-to-face is what has the most impact. Aside from other concerns, this means that putting a child in front of an iPad, smart phone, or TV is not the same thing as a live person talking to the child.
This study helps illustrate the first law of brain development, “Function determines Structure”, which we explained in our previous blog post. When we speak to children using a rich, varied, and sophisticated vocabulary, and engage them in the dance of interactive communication, we literally grow the brain by creating new auditory pathways and reinforcing the pathways that already exist. The result is better understanding and eventually better cognitive skills in all areas of communication. Such a simple action with such powerful results!
So, how do we develop understanding?
It is actually very easy, especially for those of us who like to talk and to be around children. But it can be a bit of a challenge for those of us who are more on the quiet side and are not so sure what to say to a child. First, let’s not ignore the fact that we are all too often connected to our own devices and they take time away from us truly being with our children. So, you need to discipline yourself regarding time spent on your smartphone or other device when you are with your baby or toddler. Once you get this out of the way, you just have to be conscious of your surroundings and use this opportunity to talk.
One of the simplest ways to teach babies is to talk to them about everything that is around them. Here are just a few examples of what to say:
- When your baby wakes up – “Good morning beautiful! Did you sleep well? Let’s get you changed…”
- When you are nursing her – “I love you so much! Your skin is so soft. Your toes are so cute (as you stroke her toes)…”
- When you are changing his diaper – “Phew, you stink! Let’s get you cleaned! While changing him take advantage to touch his nose and tell him “nose”, touch his mouth and tell him “mouth”, touch his ears and say “ears” if touching both or “ear” if touching one ear and so on…
- When you are wearing her – Point out things that are close to her and name them. Stop by a flower and say “flower”, “This flower is so beautiful!”, “It is a yellow flower”…
- When you are taking a walk with baby in a stroller talk to your baby – “Let’s go for a walk”, “Look at that dog!”, “He’s a big dog”, “Wow, there are so many cars on the street!”, “Is the sun bothering you?”, “Let me put the cover up to get the sun out of your eyes…”
- When you are driving somewhere – “Let me put you in the car”, “Here is a “toy” for you to look at!”, “Isn’t it pretty?!”, We are going to visit daddy at work”, “I am taking you to daycare and after that I am going to work” and so on.
- Sing! When you are cooking, cleaning, driving or just cuddling with your child. Children love music and as they grow they love to dance! Sing children’s songs and other songs you and your child enjoy listening to.
Opportunities for talking are everywhere. You can make the most of your engagement with your child by paying attention to the following points:
Provide New Information
In order to change the brain we must regularly provide new information. If we keep teaching the same thing over and over again, past the point where the child has learned the information, eventually the brain just tunes out. But, when we provide new information the brain is at attention and it grows and develops!
Provide Correct Information
You also want to make sure that the information you provide is correct information. Another basic law is that
|
31 | 4 | 1 |
dedildiğinde, önceden ayarlanmış tüm türlerin üzerine yazılır.
Kategori, herhangi bir ad alanında 150'den fazla sayfa içeriyorsa, değişikliklerinizin kaydedilmesi ile doğru türün doldurulduğunu görmek arasında bir gecikme olabilir.
Günlük
Bir şablonun sınıflandırmasında yapılan değişiklikler Özel:Günlük sayfasında görülebilir ve "Şablon türü" seçeneği altında filtrelenebilir.
Şablon türleri
Mevcut şablon türleri aşağıda listelenmiştir. Türler arasında bazı örtüşmeler vardır, bu nedenle her şablona en özel türü seçmenizi öneririz.
Bilgi kutusu
Bilgi kutuları bir madde hakkındaki en önemli bilgileri sayfanın üstündeki bir kutuda görüntüler. Bunlar genellikle sayfanın sağ tarafına doğru kayarlar, ancak bazen sayfanın tüm genişliğine yayılırlar. Bir bilgi kutusuna "Bilgi kutusu" sınıflandırmasının verilmesi, sunucunun nüfus sayımının bilgi kutularını doğru şekilde tanımlamasına yardımcı olacaktır.
Bir şablon, yalnızca içeriği yalnızca ve tamamen bir bilgi kutusu oluşturduğunda bir bilgi kutusu olarak sınıflandırılmalıdır. Bir bilgi kutusu oluşturmaya yardımcı olan şablonlar, yani bir bilgi kutusunun bölümleri, "madde dışı" şablonlar olarak daha iyi sınıflandırılır. Tersine, bilgi kutusu bir sayfa oluşturan bir şablonun yalnızca bir parçasıysa veya bir sayfanın önemli bir bölümünü oluşturuyorsa, "Tasarım" kullanmak aslında daha iyidir.
- Örnekler
- https://indianajones.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Infobox_Artifact
- https://scrubs.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Character
- https://dragonball.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Volume_Infobox
Alıntı
Birçok topluluk, şarkı sözleri, kitap pasajları, sözlü ifadeler veya röportajlardan veya haber maddelerinden alıntılar gibi önemli metin parçalarını vurgulamak için alıntı şablonları kullanır. Bu şablonlar genellikle tek bir kaynaktan bir alıntı içerir.
- Alıntı şablonları, mobil web üzerindeki çoğu biçimlendirmeyi çıkarır ve metni italik ve girintili bir blok olarak çevreler. Bu nedenle, bu sınıflandırma iki taraf arasındaki diyalog için kullanılmamalıdır ("Tasarım"'ın önerildiği durumlarda).
- Örnekler
Gezinti kutuları
Gezinti kutu şablonları, okuyucuların genellikle sayfanın alt kısmında ilgili makalelere gitmeleri için bir kutu içinde organize bağlantıların bir listesini görüntüler.
navboxsınıfını kullanan öğeler, ana öğenin
article-tablesınıfına sahip olmadığı sürece, varsayılan olarak mobil web de gizlidir.
- Örnekler
- https://runescape.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Weapon
- https://undertale.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Navbox_characters
- https://disney.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Rescue_Rangers
Uyarı
Mesaj kutuları, uyarılar veya bakım etiketleri olarak da bilinen bu şablonlar, okuyucuyu maddenin kendisinin durumu hakkında bilgilendirir. Çoğu bildirim notları düzenlemektedir ("bu sayfayı sil", "bu bölümleri güncelle" veya "bağlantıları temizle" gibi). Düzenleme yapmayan çoğu mobil kullanıcının dikkate almayacağı notlar.
Bildirim şablonları genellikle bir madde sayfasının veya bölümünün en üstünde görünür.
- Varsayılan olarak mobil web de gizlidir.
- Örnekler:
- https://fallout.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Update
- https://finalfantasy.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Stub
- https://warframe.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Speculation
- Tüm okuyuculara yönelik uyarılar "Tasarım" olarak sınıflandırılmalıdır; Eğer dahili bir maddeye bağlantı veriyorsa (örneğin, spoiler politikasına bağlı bir "spoiler uyarısı" bildirimi), bağlam bağlantısı da uygun olabilir.
Bağlam bağlantısı
Bu şablonlar (genellikle "ilknotlar" olarak adlandırılır), geçerli sayfa veya bölümle ilgili başka bir sayfa önerir. Bu türün en sık kullanılan iki kullanımı "Ana madde" veya "Ayrıca bakınız" Dir ve eğik metin olarak görüntülenir. Bunlar, bir madde sayfasının en üstünde veya bir madde sayfasındaki bir bölümün üstünde kullanılır.
- Mobil web de bu tür, önemli dikey boşlukla dengelenmiş, girintili bir blok öğedir.
- Örnekler
- https://vampirediaries.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Main
- https://mlp.fandom.com/wiki/Template:See_also
- https://powerlisting.fandom.com/wiki/Template:For
Bilgi simgesi
Bu şablonlar, küçük bir simgeye sahip bir bağlantı veya metin oluşturmak için kullanılır. Bunlar, oyun topluluklarında para birimini, öğeleri veya denetleyici sembollerini temsil etmek için çok popülerdir. Simgeler bazen diğer sayfalara bağlanır.
Bilgi simgeleri paragraf metninin içinde, bilgi kutularının içinde veya madde işaretli listelerde görünebilir.
- Mobil web de bu şablonlar, karşılık gelen metin veya görüntünün dışında başka herhangi bir içerik olmadan yalnızca simgeyi oluşturur.
- Görsel Örnekleri
- ↑ resim Bilgi simgesi şablonunun bir parçasıdır, ancak metin değil
- ↑ resim Bilgi simgesi şablonunun bir parçasıdır, ancak metin değil
- Örnek Şablonlar
- https://fallout.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Icon
- https://wowwiki.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Horde_Icon_Small
Kaydırma kutusu
Bu şablonlar, içeriklerini kaydırılabilir bir kutuda görüntüler. Kaydırma kutuları, çok uzun listelerde madde sayfalarında yer tasarrufu sağlamak için kullanılır.
- Örnekler
- https://starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Scrollbox
- https://simpsons.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Scroll
- https://lotr.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Scroll
Alıntı veya kaynak
Bu şablonlar, bir madde sayfasındaki içerik kaynaklarının nasıl açıklandığını ekranı düzenler ve standartlaştırır. Bunlar, bir maddeye tek bir kaynak yerleştirmek veya madde sayfasının altında bir kaynak listesi oluşturmak için kullanılabilir.
Bu şablonlar isteğe bağlı olarak <ref> etiketlerini kullanabilir veya satır içi alıntılar oluşturabilir.
- Örnekler
- https://arresteddevelopment.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Ep
- https://fringe.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Crossref
- https://logos.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Reflist
Resim, video veya galeri
Resim, video veya galeri türündeki herhangi bir şablonun amacı, bir madde sayfasındaki bir veya daha fazla resmin veya videonun görünümünü standartlaştırmak veya değiştirmektir.
Bunlar genellikle bir galeri oluşturmak veya bir resminin küçük resminin nasıl görüntüleneceğini biçimlendirmek için kullanılır.
- Örnekler
- https://onepiece.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Gallery
- https://lostpedia.fandom.com/wiki/Template:I
- https://dragonage.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Icon
Veri
Yukarıdaki türlere girmeyen ancak bir makale sayfasına bilgi veya veri ekleyen şablonlar, veri olarak sınıflandırılmalıdır. Bu, tablolar oluşturmak için kullanılan şablonları, matematik denklemleri oluşturmak için kullanılan şablonları veya eklenen veri parçalarını birden çok sayfada (örneğin, bir öğenin fiyatı, bir oyunun yayın sürümü vb.) içerir (ancak bunlarla sınırlı değildir).
- Örnekler
- https://yugioh.fandom.com/wiki/Template:DM_card
- https://borderlands.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Item_table_row
- https://wowwiki.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Battlepet_ability_row
- https://arresteddevelopment.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Season_3_Episodes
Tasarım
Bir şablonun tek amacı bir madde sayfasının (veya bir madde sayfasının bir parçasının) nasıl göründüğünü değiştirmekse, tasarım olarak sınıflandırılmalıdır. Yaygın kullanımlar arasında sekmeler ekleme, metin veya tabloların görsel görünümünü değiştirme yer alır. Veya içindekiler tablosunun yerini değiştirmektir. Bu aynı zamanda, mobil cihazlarda teklif işleme nedeniyle çok kişili diyalog için önerilen sınıflandırmadır.
- Örnekler
- https://starwars.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Credits
- https://simpsons.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Tab
- https://ladygaga.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Scroll_box
- https://gameofthrones.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Dialogue_a-b
Gezinti
Bir şablonun tek amacı okuyucuların veya diğer editörlerin başka bir madde sayfası veya kategorisi bulmasına yardımcı olmaksa, bu, 'gezintiolarak sınıflandırılmalıdır.
En popüler gezinme şablonu türleri, yukarıda listelenen gezinti kutuları ve bağlam bağlantılarıdır.
- <div>, <table> veya <p> öğeleri içeren gezinme şablonları varsayılan olarak mobil web de gizlidir.
- Örnek
Madde dışı
Herhangi bir madde (içerik) sayfasında şablon kullanılmıyorsa bu türü atayın. Örneğin, şablon yalnızca tartışma sayfalarında, şablon sayfalarında, dosya sayfalarında, kullanıcı sayfalarında veya yalnızca topluluğunuzun ana sayfasında kullanılıyorsa. Bu sınıflandırmaya nelerin girebileceğine dair örnekler, dokümantasyon şablonları, ana sayfa modülleri, alt şablonlar ve görüntü lisanslama şablonlarıdır.
"Madde dışı", "Bu şablon madde sayfalarında görünmeyecek" anlamına gelmez. Yalnızca şablonun doğrudan madde sayfalarında kullanılması amaçlanmadığı anlamına gelir. Şablon dokümantasyon sayfaları (yani /belge alt sayfalarındakiler), ne belgelendirme ettiklerine bakılmaksızın her zaman "Madde dışı" olmalıdır.
Örnekler:
- https://theodoretugboat.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Talk_header
- https://assassinscreed.fandom.com/wiki/Template:CC-BY-SA
- https://rickandmorty.fandom.com/wiki/Template:Main_Page
|
31 | 4 | 2 |
look like in this town?" (20). Macon also believes that he can protect his family from racism by providing a wealthy life for them. An example of this can be seen when he marries Ruth because she is a doctor's daughter, not because he loves her. In addition, Macon shows off his daughters in front his lower-class tenants but will not let the tenants touch them. Furthermore, Macon shows little mercy when tenants experience financial hardships. From these examples we can see how society was very influential in Macon's opinion of himself, as well as others. In fact, we learn that Macon wishes to keep his southern roots a secret. He becomes so bent on denying his past that he tries to keep his family from interacting with the other black folks in their community. Through specific detail, Morrison is able to paint a picture of Macon as a man who has little respect for others around him and more importantly, he chooses materialism over his family.
In contrast to Macon's desire for riches, Morrison illustrates his sister, Pilate, as one who is not driven by the need to have wealth. This contrast becomes evident when the two are together in the woods and they see the gold. Macon wants to take it; however Pilate admonishes him saying it would be stealing. This scene is critical because it demonstrates the different characteristics between the brother and sister as well as the reason for their estrangement. It also illustrates how the same thing in very different ways can affect members of the same family. We discover that these early impressions will stay with these characters and shape them as the story unfolds.
Morrison uses symbolism to illustrate the differences between Macon and Pilate. It is important to note that when Macon and Pilate go their separate ways, Macon travels up north, which is a symbol that he is trying to escape his past; whereas Pilate ventures south, which brings her closer to her family's past. Another example of their troubled relationship, is how Macon tries to talk Milkman, out of talking to Pilate. Macon tries to convince Milkman that she "can't teach you a thing you can use in this world. Maybe the next, but not this one" (55). Much to Macon's chagrin, Milkman seeks out Pilate to further uncover his heritage as well as the origin of the family name. By following in Pilate's tracks Milkman discovers the beauty in living with nature. He learns to fly like his great grandfather did: "like a bird" (323). This aspect of the novel serves as an over-arching symbol of the contrast between the materialistic world Milkman has grown accustomed to and the simple life he found with Pilate. Here Morrison is also using the relationships between these three characters as a pivotal point in the novel. Each character represents a "path" in life and Morrison describes each path eloquently.
In contrast to Macon's wealth-driven personality, Morrison provides us with his sister, Pilate, who chooses another path in life. Pilate is tough, strong and proud of her heritage. She is wise, unafraid, and a free spirit. Morrison also attributes mystical characteristics to Pilate. For example, she birthed herself from the womb after the death of her mother, and she has no navel. To add to her mysterious nature, Pilate also sang the legendary "Solomon's song" every day. This illustrates that she remembered her father fondly. This is reminiscent from her childhood when she and Macon saw the ghost of their father in the woods and he whispered, "Sing. Sing.' In a hollowed voice before he melted away again" (170). This mystical memory was with Pilate until the day she died, for her dying words were, "Sing,' she said. 'Sing a little something' for me'" (336). This is an important element of the story, because it illustrates even in her lasts moments alive, Pilate exhibited strength and character. Death was not something for her to fear. In fact, death for Pilate meant that she would once again be joined with her father -- it represented a new beginning for her because it meant a reunion with her father's spirit. With such characteristics, Morrison has provided Pilate with the framework to become the "wise one" of the novel.
Pilate might have been poor, but more importantly, she was happy. She did not thirst for wealth like her brother and preferred the simpler things in life. Her behavior demonstrates this how she did not base her happiness on material things. She lived without items that many would consider to be basic necessities. Housing was not a concern for her. She did not have a telephone nor did she have a number on her house. Pilate was not overly concerned with the need… Non-English articles
Kapitalizm meydana geliyor. Ne zaman ve nerede meydana gelirse, kendi özel gölgesini yaratıyor: kapitalizmin ‘modern toplum çok farklı, post-kapitalist ekonomik sistemler kurarak daha iyisini yapabilir’ diyen temel hatasının özeleştirisidir bu. Bu eleştirel gölge -şimdiki gibi kriz dönemlerinde- kayaya çarptığında kapitalizmin ödünü patlatmak için ayağa kalkar. Karl Marx bu gölgeyi manzum bir biçimde kapitalizme dadanan bir hayalet olarak niteliyordu.
A Marxism made in USA: Marx Beyond Althusser? / Un marxisme made in USA : Marx au-delà d’Althusser ?
Cumhurbaşkanı Jacques Chirac’tan en alttakilere kadar, Fransa’nın önde gelen bürokratları, yenildiler. Fransız neo-liberalizmi; sermayenin çıkarları için refah devletinin tasfiye edilişi, ciddi bir darbe aldı. Lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinin ve örgütlü emeğin güçlü ittifakı, hükümetin 26 yaşın altındaki işçiler için iş güvencesini ortadan kaldıran yasasına karşı bir zafer kazandı. Philippe Dumas and Thomas Koelbel
July 21, 2010 | 2 Comments
London -- Widespread use of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) would open the way for production in virtually every region, transforming geothermal into a major provider of renewable baseload power, claim Philippe Dumas and Thomas Koelbel.
Challenged by climate change and the need to secure sustainable economic growth, Europe wants 20% of its total energy consumption to come from renewable sources by 2020. This goal can only be accomplished by a balanced energy mix, which captures the respective advantages from each energy source and allows them to complement each other to form a working ensemble.
The grid integration of energy from fluctuating supply will have a severe impact on future power networks. Baseload supply and controllability will become increasingly important and geothermal is one of the few renewable energy sources able to supply consistent 24/7 power production. Generation based on the heat from deep inside the earth is also adjustable and therefore geothermal power appears to be an ideal addition to the prospective energy mix.
Geothermal energy utilization is neither new nor negligible. The first electricity production happened as early as in 1907 in the Italian village Larderello, and today more than 50 GWh is generated per year worldwide. Nevertheless, this figure is still small compared with the enormous theoretical potential. There is no geographical restriction to the exploitation of geothermal energy, as the source is present everywhere. However, some regions benefit from more favourable conditions that allow an earlier development of geothermal resources, under more economical conditions, using currently available technology. As a consequence, the majority of the geothermal power plants in Europe are located in Iceland and Italy, where unusually high temperatures at comparatively limited depth dominate.
In these high enthalpy (heat potential relative to depth) regions, steam-driven power plants are deployed. However, the development of new geothermal power plants with low-temperature turbine circuits allows electricity production from low- and medium-temperature resources (between 90°C and 150°C), as demonstrated in Germany and Austria. When we consider the fact that more than 95% of the European land surface lies in low enthalpy regions, it is clear what kind of opportunities exist for future development.
The technical feasibility of geothermal energy generation in low enthalpy areas has long been proved. Although hydrothermal deposits are currently those mostly utilized, there is common consent within the international geothermal community that Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) – formerly known as Hot Dry Rock – as used by the French geothermal prototype facility in Soultz-sous-Forêts, represent the key technology for worldwide development.
EGS, The Renewable Technology for Baseload
The compelling possibility is that with EGS, geothermal power production is no longer restricted to special geological characteristics like the natural existence of large quantities of hot water in the deep underground. Apart from a gateway to as-yet unexploited geothermal regions, another key advantage is that recent power plant technology used in the low-enthalpy range produces significantly more heat than conventional plants. This heat can make a valuable contribution to the energy supply of industrial processes, and especially for climate control in buildings and residential areas.
EGS is defined as ‘an underground reservoir that is created or improved artificially’. EGS makes use of naturally fractured, hot rocks with insufficient permeability for power production using other geothermal technologies. The pre-existing joints and fractures are widened by injected water under high pressure. This technique, so-called ‘hydraulic stimulation’, is well known in the oil and gas industry, though in this case the creation of an artificial geothermal reservoir happens at greater depth and temperature. Additionally, crystalline rocks with their (compared to gas/oil bearing sedimentary rocks) significantly different geo-mechanical properties are mainly the target.
Although EGS represents the key technology for an economically successful market entrance for geothermal energy under typical European geological conditions, further challenges can be identified. These include improved geophysical exploration, an advanced understanding of fracture propagation and more developed stimulation techniques. However, all the relevant equipment is already available and just needs to be adapted. Given that EGS technology can provide reliable baseload electricity with capacity factors above 90% everywhere in Europe, major efforts to develop EGS should pay off.
Since the validity of the concept has been demonstrated, EGS plant ratings should move from the 3–10 MW seen in the early development stages of the technology towards 25 to 100 MW units produced from multi-well clusters, as is currently practiced in the oil and gas industry.
Europe has pioneered the exploitation of geothermal resources for power generation for over 100 years and the EU still maintains a leading role, not least due to the development of EGS technology.
The R&D effort of European scientists led to the prototype of an EGS power plant in Soultz-sous-Forêts, France. This project integrated all European EGS research activities, with the drilling of three wells to a depth of 5 km. After a successful four month circulation test demonstrated the feasibility of the EGS concept at Soultz, the plant was commissioned in 2008. With a circulation of 35 litres per second, the capacity of the power plant installation is now 1.5 MW, and is planned to rise to 3–5 MW in the future. Among ongoing EGS projects worldwide, the Soultz European pilot site already provides an invaluable database.
In addition, the EU has the first successful commercially-funded EGS project in Landau in southwestern Germany (with a 3 MW electrical output) and further projects are under development in several other EU countries, including the UK, Portugal, Spain and Slovakia.
Considering that the rest of the world is moving towards geothermal energy at an accelerated pace (the US Department of Energy will spend several hundred millions of dollars on EGS technology over the next three years), these efforts need to be maintained and expanded ambitiously in order to keep this leadership, both for research and commercial development.
Cost Reductions Possible for EGS
In terms of cost, a dry steam power plant today produces electricity at around €50/MWh (US$61/MWh) and a flash steam power plant at €80/MWh ($97). In low enthalpy regions, where binary cycle systems are used, the production costs are in a range between €100–€300/MWh ($122–$366/MWh). The estimated current cost of EGS electricity generation from the first-generation prototype plants is in the order of €200–€300/MWh. A continued reduction in cost through innovative developments, learning curve effects and co-generation of heat and power should lead to an electricity cost of around €50/MWh.
The keys to minimizing the production costs lie in improved drilling technologies and further developed stimulation techniques and power plant equipment, for example pumps. Especially promising is an upscaling to 25–50 MW of the next generation power plants by using clusters of wells.
This possibility of an integrated exploitation of electricity and heat through a cascade approach is a key element for a further drawdown of production costs. Cascade increases the overall utilization of geothermal energy from the same infrastructure of wells, resulting in a better total efficiency and important economic benefits. However, it should be noted that, depending on the source temperature of the geothermal reservoir, electricity generation may not be possible in any particular scheme, even if the heat content of the fluid is exploited in steps.
By 2030 EGS should be a mature technology capable of providing a reliable, sustainable and competitive source of energy in all areas. The challenge will be implementation across Europe replacing the ageing existing power production infrastructures. At present, one of the bottlenecks for geothermal development is the low number of drilling rigs and therefore the high cost of drilling.
To reach an objective of 20% of Europe’s primary energy supply by 2050 (100 GW), an average of an additional 25 drilling rigs dedicated to geothermal should be brought to the European market every year between now and 2050, resulting in more than 1000 drilling rigs dedicated to geothermal development by that date.
This is a very large number when compared with the five to 10 rigs currently involved in geothermal activity in Europe, but broadly comparable with the 3500 rigs operating worldwide in the oil and gas industry. Manufacturing of rigs and development of all associated services represents not only a big challenge for recruitment and training, but also a major opportunity for job creation.
European Geothermal: Challenges & Opportunities
Being still in a pre-commercial stage and with high capital costs, EGS projects still require financial support like that provided by feed-in tariffs in some regions. Moreover, the risk associated with exploration and first drilling can be mitigated by insurance, as in Germany, France and the Netherlands. Concepts and solutions are already in place and have just to be spread over the EU countries.
Above: A line shaft pump at the Soultz-sous-forêts EGS in France
All the essential equipment and techniques for EGS projects are already available. Concerning subsurface activity, the model is analogous to – and therefore adaptable from – the gas and oil industry. But geothermal power production using EGS has to deal with higher temperatures, and highly saline and corrosive fluids. As a consequence, a further research effort has to be made.
A critical aspect of EGS technology addresses the seismic hazards induced by the hydraulic fracturing process during both stimulation and production. Further R&D, followed by a better understanding of all relevant geo-mechanical processes, will lead to more advanced stimulation with less microseismicity. After some microseismic events in Basel (2006) and Landau (2009), the need for social acceptance of geothermal power production also became evident. New stimulation strategies and advanced reservoir management are the technical solution to this over-stated risk.
Power plant technology is available for steam and non steam geothermal reservoirs. In accordance with Carnot, a certain coefficient of efficiency cannot be exceeded, but there is still room for improvement with new concepts and optimizations.
All these subjects can be managed by further research and development. The European Community is in the lead role for geothermal power production employing low enthalpy resources lately. But the funding for EGS technology for instance in the US, exceeds that inside Europe by several orders of magnitude. In order to minimize this gap, and apart from the R&D related issues already mentioned, EGS has to be tested in other member states of the EU under different
|
31 | 4 | 3 |
allible sign of poverty than the progressive rationalization of organization, the comprehensive administration and management of man by a bureaucracy of experts especially trained for the task. Speaking in the technician's terms, the best organization is that which is most rationalized – that is, the one which exploits to the fullest extent. For the more rational it is, the more inexorably it mines available resources. In an economy based upon the exhaustion of
resources, the organization alone survives intact and unimpaired – its power grows as poverty spreads. The relation is reciprocal – unorganized materials vanish as the organization extends. And as poverty spreads, the pressure of the organization upon man increases, for it becomes more urgent to squeeze the last drop from him too. This mercilessness is characteristic of all moments of human distress. Beleaguered towns, blockaded countries, ships whose food and water are running low show like conditions. Technical progress – and we shall have occasion to return to this point – is coupled with a growth of organization, with a mushrooming bureaucracy. It requires an enormous personnel, a personnel which is wholly unproductive, yet increasing in number all the faster, the less there is of the things produced.
V - THE PILLAGE OF THE EARTH Industry is the daughter of poverty. –Rivarol. I love machines; they are like creatures of a higher order. Intelligence has freed them of all the woes and joys which are the lot of the human body in its activity and its exhaustion. Machines on their concrete bases act like serenely meditating Buddhas, squatting on their timeless lotus. They vanish when more beautiful, more perfect ones are born. – Henry van de Velde. Why does the contemplation of machines give us such pleasure? Because they manifest the fundamental form of man's intelligence, because before our very eyes this constructive and combining intelligence masters and amasses power, because they win a ceaseless triumph over the elements which they beat down, squeeze, and forge. Let us enter the workshop, then, to see what goes on. The impression we gain as we observe technical processes of any sort is not at all one of abundance. The sight of abundance and plenty give us joy: they are the signs of a fruitfulness which we revere as a life-giving force. Rooting, sprouting, budding, blooming, ripening, and fruition – the exuberance of the motions and forms of life – strengthen and refresh us. The human body and the human mind possess this power of bestowing strength. Both man and woman have it. But the machine organization gives nothing – it organizes need. The prospect of vineyard, orchard, or a blossoming landscape cheers us, not because these things yield profits, but because of the sensation of fertility, abundance, and gratuitous riches. The industrial scene, however, has lost its fruitfulness; it has become the scene of mechanical production. It conveys, above all, a sense of hungriness, particularly in the industrial cities which, in the metaphorical language of technological progress, are the homes of a flourishing industry. The machine gives a hungry impression. And this sensation of a growing, gnawing hunger, a hunger that becomes unbearable, emanates from everything in our entire technical arsenal. When we enter a factory, be it a cotton mill, a foundry, a saw mill, or a
powerhouse, everywhere we get the same impression. The consuming, devouring, gluttonous motion racing through time restlessly and insatiably, reveals the never stilled and never to be stilled hunger of the machine. So obvious is this hunger that even the impression of concentrated power which we receive in the centers of heavy industry cannot overcome it. In fact, it is strongest in these centers, because precisely here we find the greatest greed for power. And the rational mind which stands behind the machine and keeps watch over its automatic, mechanical motion – it too is hungry, and hunger follows it everywhere. It cannot shake off hunger; it cannot free itself from it; it cannot be stilled, however hard it may try. And how, indeed, could that be possible! This mind itself is consuming, gluttonous, and it has no access to riches; it cannot conjure up abundance. No effort of ingenuity, not all the inventive power that is brought to bear here can do it. For rationalization only sharpens hunger and actually increases consumption. This growing consumption is a sign not of abundance but of poverty; it is bound up with worry, want, and toil. It is precisely the methodical, disciplined effort leading to the perfection of the technical processes which destroys the basis for the hopes that certain groups place in this perfection. Progress in its present rapid advance creates an optical illusion, deceiving the observer into seeing things which are not there. Technology can be expected to solve all problems which can be mastered by technical means, but we must expect nothing from it which lies beyond technical possibilities. Since even the smallest mechanical process consumes more energy than it produces, how could the sum of all these processes create abundance?2 There can be no talk of riches produced by technology. What really happens is rather a steady, forever growing consumption. It is a ruthless destruction, the like of which the earth has never before seen. A more and more ruthless destruction of resources is the characteristic of our technology. Only by this destruction can it exist and spread. All theories which overlook this fact are lopsided because they disregard the basic conditions which in the modern world govern production and economics. In every healthy economy the substance with which it works is preserved
and used sparingly, so that consumption and destruction do not overstep the limit beyond which the substance itself would be endangered or destroyed. Since technology presupposes destruction, since its development depends upon destruction, it cannot be fitted into any healthy economic system; one cannot look at it from an economic point of view. The radical consumption of oil, coal, and ore cannot be called economy, however rational the methods of drilling and mining. Underlying strict rationality of technical working methods, we find a way of thinking which cares nothing for the preservation and saving of the substance. What is euphemistically called production is really consumption. The gigantic technical apparatus, that masterpiece of human ingenuity, could not reach perfection if technological thought were to be contained within an economic scheme, if the destructive power of technical progress were to be arrested. But this progress becomes all the more impetuous, the larger the resources at its disposal, and the more energetically it devours them. This is shown by the concentration of men and machines in the great mining centers where the mechanization of work and the organization of man are most advanced. The rationality of technology, so impressively displayed here, becomes intelligible only when one has understood the conditions on which it depends. Its concomitant is waste and contempt for all rationality in the exploitation of the resources on whose existence technology depends, as the lungs depend on air. Where wastage begins, there begins desolation, and scenes of such desolation can be found even in the early days of our technology, in the era of the steam engine. These scenes are startling by the extraordinary ugliness and the Cyclopean power which are characteristic of them. The machine invades the landscape with destruction and transformation; it grows factories and whole manufacturing cities overnight, cities grotesquely hideous, where human misery is glaringly revealed; cities which, like Manchester, represent an entire stage of technology and which have become synonymous with hopeless dreariness. Technology darkens the air with smoke, poisons the water, destroys the plants and animals. It brings about a state in which nature has to be "preserved" from rationalized thinking, in which large tracts of
land have to be set apart, fenced off, and placed under a taboo, like museum pieces. What all museum-like institutions make evident is that preservation is needed. The extension of protected areas, therefore, is an indication that destructive processes are at work. Mining centers, in particular, are the focal points of organized pillage, where the riches in the earth are exploited and consumed. Human pauperization begins with the proletarization of the masses, who are indoctrinated to factory work and kept on a low level of existence. The exploitation of the factory worker (about which socialism is indignant only so long as it is in the opposition) is an inevitable symptom of the universal exploitation to which technology subjects the whole earth from end to end. Man no less than ore deposits belongs to the resources subject to consumption by technology. The ways in which the worker tries to evade this exploitation – associations, labor unions, political parties – are the very methods which tie him forever closer to the progress of technology, mechanical work, and technical organization. The obverse side of technology is a pillage which becomes constantly better organized; this must not be overlooked when one speaks of technical progress. True, we have made a technical advance if by means of artificial fertilizers we succeed in squeezing uninterrupted crops out of our overburdened plough and pasture land. But this advance itself is at the same time the consequence of a calamitous deficiency, for if we did not have the fertilizer we should no longer be able to feed ourselves at all. Technical progress has deprived us of the free choice of nutriment which our ancestors possessed. A machine which trebles the output of a previous model constitutes a technical advance, for it is the result of a more rational design. But for this very reason it also possesses a more intense consuming and devouring power. Its hunger is sharper, and it consumes correspondingly more. In this way, the whole realm of the machine is full of a restless, devouring power that cannot be satisfied. Closely linked to this is the rapid wear and tear the machine suffers. That most of our machines become junk so soon results from their design and purpose. Their durability, strength, and usability are lessened, restricted in
the very degree to which technology approaches perfection. The consumption brought about by technology extends even to its own apparatus. The repairs and replacements these mechanisms constantly demand represent an immense amount of human labor. And the machine falls quickly into that state of disrepair in which we see it around us everywhere. Technical progress covers the earth, not alone with its machines and workshops, but also with junk and scrap. All this rusty tin, the twisted girders, these bent and broken machine parts and castaway tools – they remind the thoughtful observer of the fleeting impermanence of the process he witnesses. Perhaps they keep him from overestimating all this progress and help him to improve an understanding of what really goes on. Wear and tear is a form of consumption; it manifests itself pre-eminently where plundering goes on and so we find it in particular wherever technology is at work. If two thousand years hence there should still be archaeologists – which is rather unlikely – who were to undertake excavations, say, in Manchester, Essen, or Pittsburgh, they would find but little. They would discover nothing as enduring as Egyptian burial chambers and classical temples. For the stuff with which the factory system works is not aere perennius (“more lasting than bronze” – Horace). These archaeologists might even be surprised at the paltriness of their discoveries. The earth-spanning power of technology is of an ephemeral kind – a fact easily overlooked by those engrossed in it. Everywhere it is threatened by decay, given over to decay, and decay follows upon its heels all the more insistently and closely, the faster it marches on towards new triumphs. The machine does not create new riches. It consumes existing riches through pillage, that is, in a manner which lacks all rationality even though it quickly employs rational methods of work. As technology progresses, it devours the resources on which it depends. It contributes to a constant drain, and thereby again and again comes to a point where it is forced to improve its inventory and to rationalize anew its methods of work. Those who deny this, claiming that it is the wealth of new inventions which made the existing apparatus obsolete, are confusing cause and effect. Inventions presuppose a
need for improvement; their purpose is the rationalization of work. Nor can the technician legitimately blame the steadily growing deficits of the technical work process and the recurrent crises and disturbances it causes upon the political organization, charging that the competing political powers of this earth are burdening the industrial production with unjustifiable costs. Such is indeed the case; for the principle of competition is a political and economic rather than a technical one. However, even if the world were one single state, even then the machine would push the process of rationalization to the extreme. The process of rationalization would manifest itself in a free economy no less than in the kind of planned economy that goes hand in hand with technology. When the engineer destroys free economy – that is, the economy in which the businessman rules autonomously –then he forces the economy to adopt a plan designed by the engineer. To any such planned economy there applies what we have said before about the end effects of organization. When economic crises can no longer be overcome by economic means, human hopes turn towards stricter rationalization of technology: the idea of technocracy arises. But first we should examine whether it is not technology itself which brings about such crises. We should examine whether technology is capable of putting our economy in order and whether such an ordering falls within the scope of its tasks at all. What does "technocracy" mean? If the word has any meaning, it can only be that the technician rules, that he takes over government. But the technician is no statesman; he has no talent for politics. His knowledge is one of technical, functional effects. All technical knowledge is marked by an impersonalism that necessarily results from the purely material facts that it deals with. This impersonalism is reason enough to doubt whether the technician is capable of taking over and running the affairs of state.
VI - TECHNOLOGY VS THE PROFIT MOTIVE It cannot be denied that technical thinking is rational, and that technical methods of work are shaped and ruled by rational considerations. Rationalization is a demand made on every single technical work process, a demand it cannot escape. The incessant effort to improve the apparatus of technology through rational thinking expresses the drive for the perfection of the work process. The process has to be freed from its imperfections in order to fulfill its given task in a perfect manner. But it is imperfect, not so much because of the factors which render it expensive and costly – such imperfection is economic; it is imperfect rather because it does not fully achieve its purpose in technical terms, because it is not yet purely technological. To make it so is the goal. A machine that converts heat into work is imperfect not because it is expensive to build, but because its efficiency stays below the possible maximum as determined by Carnot's law of thermodynamics. So far, hardly any attention has been paid to the fact that technical and economic rationalism do not coincide, that they differ in purpose and in aim. The aim and purpose of all intelligent economy – whether of an individual or of a community – is that it yield a profit. But the aim of the technician is technical perfection. What concerns the economic man is whether a work process is profitable. But to the technician, economics, like any other activity, is something which must be subject to rationalized, technical thinking. Such difference in their desires for power creates the current rivalry between technical and economic thinking. Economic thinking, which demands autonomy, cannot be a matter of indifference to the technician. He will not accept the fact that technical progress is made subservient to, and remains dependent on, the purposes of business . This battle breaks out everywhere, and the superior power of the technician is evident in his fighting, not by means of ideologies, but by inventions. The economic man who buys up a technical patent to keep it locked in his safe is already on the retreat. His use of delaying tactics shows his inferiority. He is even forced to furnish the technician with new weapons for his attack. The fact that an installation is profitable is no reason for the
technician to give up his striving for technical perfection. He will ruin even a profitable enterprise if it refuses to give in to his demands for technical rationalization. He ruins the manufacturer by unpredictable inventions. It is he who overnight creates new industries and new technical equipment. He cares no more for the welfare of the capitalist than for that of the proletarian. He is not concerned with incomes, or interest rates, or the standards of living they afford. This indifference to prosperity, to economic profit, may well be called "ideal" inasmuch as it is an expression of his superiority over the economic man, whose doctrines he overthrows without qualms. It was he who, by his invention of the power loom, drove the craftsman from his hand loom and forced him to become an operator in a mill, a proletarian. In this act his intent was not to enrich the capitalist at the expense of the factory worker, but he accepted this consequence without compunction. He was interested above all in developing the technical mechanism, and not at all in who profited by it. An idealist of science for science's sake like Roentgen, for example, refused categorically to draw any kind of economic profit from his invention of the X-ray machine. This refusal was not without an understanding of power relationships, for the scientist or engineer who thinks of profits first becomes a captive of economic thinking. However, the dependence of technical thinking upon economic thinking dissolves to the degree to which economy becomes subservient to technical rationalization and has to give in to the compulsion exercised by the technician. Economic man can no longer escape the technician's drive for perfection. Wherever
|
31 | 5 | 0 |
2311-2538-3.
- Seth, Michael J. (2006). A Concise History of Korea. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 9780-7425-4005-7.
- Seth, Michael J. (2010). A History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 520. ISBN 9780-7425-6716-0.
- Sin, Hyong-sik (2005). A Brief History of Korea. The Spirit of Korean Cultural Roots. 1 (2nd ed.). Seoul: Ewha Womans University Press. ISBN 9788-9730-0619-9.
- Yang, Sung-chul (1999). The North and South Korean political systems: A comparative analysis. Seoul: Hollym. ISBN 9781-5659-1105-5.
- Em, Henry H. (2013). The Great Enterprise: Sovereignty and Historiography in Modern Korea. Duke University Press. p. 272. ISBN 9780-8223-5372-0.
Examines how Korean national ambitions have shaped the work of the country's historians.
- Hong Sung-gi. "Trends in Western historiography on Korea," Korea Journal (1999) 39#3 pp 377
- Kim, Han Kyo. Studies on Korea: A Scholar's Guide (1980); 458pp comprehensive guide; ISBN 0824806735
- Kim, Duol, and Ki-Joo Park. " A Cliometric Revolution in the Economic History of Korea: A Critical Review," Australian Economic History Review (2012) 52#1 pp 85–95
- Yuh, Leighanne (2010). "The Historiography of Korea in the United States". International Journal of Korean History. 15#2: 127–144.
- Lee, Peter H. and Wm. Theodore De Bary, eds. Sources of Korean Tradition (2 vol. 1997) 472 pages vol 1 online
Other books used in this page
- Cwiertka, Katarzyna J. (2012). Cuisine, Colonialism, and Cold War: Food in Twentieth-Century Korea. Reaktion Books and University of Chicago Press. p. 237. ISBN 9781-7802-3025-2.
Scholarly study of how food reflects Korea's history
- Hawley, Samuel (2005). The Imjin War. Japan's Sixteenth-Century Invasion of Korea and Attempt to Conquer China. The Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch, Seoul. ISBN 978-89-954424-2-5.
- Kim, Byung-Kook; Vogel, Ezra F. (2011). The Park Chung Hee Era: The Transformation of South Korea. Harvard University Press. p. 744. ISBN 9780-6740-5820-0.
Studies of on modernization under Park, 1961–1979.
- Peterson, Mark; Margulies, Phillip (2009). A Brief History of Korea. Infobase Publishing. p. 328. ISBN 9781-4381-2738-5.
- Byeon Tae-seop (변태섭) (1999). 韓國史通論 (Hanguksa tongnon) (Outline of Korean history), 4th ed (in Korean). Seoul: Samyeongsa. ISBN 978-89-445-9101-3.
- Yamawaki, Keizo (1994). Japan and Foreign Laborers: Chinese and Korean Laborers in the late 1890s and early 1920s (近代日本と外国人労働者―1890年代後半と1920年代前半における中国人・朝鮮人労働者問題) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Akashi-shoten (明石書店). ISBN 978-4-7503-0568-4.
- United States Congress (2016). North Korea: A Country Study. Nova Science Publishers. p. 6. ISBN 978-1590334430.
- "Han Chinese built four commanderies, or local military units, to rule the peninsula as far south as the Han River, with a core area at Lolang (Nangnang in Korean), near present-day P'yongyang. It is illustrative of the relentlessly different historiography practiced in North Korea and South Korea, as well as both countries' dubious projection backward of Korean nationalism, that North Korean historians denied that the Lolang district was centered in Korea and placed it northwest of the peninsula, possibly near Beijing."
- Connor, Edgar V. (2003). Korea: Current Issues and Historical Background. Nova Science Publishers. p. 112. ISBN 978-1590334430.
- "They place it northwest of the peninsula, possibly near Beijing, in order to de- emphasize China's influence on ancient Korean history."
- Kim, Jinwung (2012). A History of Korea: From "Land of the Morning Calm" to States in Conflict. Indiana University Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0253000248.
- "Immediately after destroying Wiman Chosŏn, the Han empire established administrative units to rule large territories in the northern Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria."
- Hyung, Hyung Il (2000). Constructing "Korean" Origins. Harvard University Press. p. 129. ISBN 9780674002449.
- "When material evidence from the Han commandery site excavated during the colonial period began to be reinterpreted by Korean nationalist historians as the first full-fledged "foreign" occupation in Korean history, Lelang's location in the heart of the Korean peninsula became particularly irksome because the finds seemed to verify Japanese colonial theories concerning the dependency of Korean civilization on China."
- Hyung, Hyung Il (2000). Constructing "Korean" Origins. Harvard University Press. p. 128. ISBN 9780674002449.
- "At present, the site of Lelang and surrounding ancient Han Chinese remains are situated in the North Korean capital of Pyongyang. Although North Korean scholars have continued to excavate Han dynasty tombs in the postwar period, they have interpreted them as manifestations of the Kochoson or the Koguryo kingdom."
- Xu, Stella Yingzi (2007). That glorious ancient history of our nation. University of California, Los Angeles. p. 223. ISBN 9780549440369.
- "Lelang Commandery was crucial to understanding the early history of Korea, which lasted from 108 BCE to 313 CE around the P'yongyang area. However, because of its nature as a Han colony and the exceptional attention paid to it by Japanese colonial scholars for making claims of the innate heteronomy of Koreans, post 1945 Korean scholars intentionally avoided the issue of Lelang."
- Lee, Peter H. (1993). Sourcebook of Korean Civilization. Columbia University Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-0231079129.
- "But when Emperor Wu conquered Choson, all the small barbarian tribes in the northeastern region were incorporated into the established Han commanderies because of the overwhelming military might of Han China."
- "Despite recent suggestions by North Korean scholars that Lelang was not a Chinese commandery, the traditional view will be adhered to here. Lelang was one of four commanderies newly instituted by the Han Dynasty in 108 BC in the former region of Chaoxian. Of these four commanderies, only two (Lelang and Xuantu) survived successive reorganizations; and it seems that even these had their headquarters relocated once or twice."
- Ch'oe, Yŏng-ho (May 1981), "Reinterpreting Traditional History in North Korea", The Journal of Asian Studies, 40 (3): 509, doi:10.2307/2054553, JSTOR 2054553.
- "North Korean scholars, however, admit that a small number of items in these tombs resemble those found in the archaeological sites of Han China. These items, they insist, must have been introduced into Korea through trade or other international contacts and "should not by any means be construed as a basis to deny the Korean characteristics of the artifacts" found in the P'yongyang area."
- Jr. Clemens, Walter C. (2016). North Korea and the World: Human Rights, Arms Control, and Strategies for Negotiation. University Press of Kentucky. p. 26. ISBN 978-0813167466.
- "Chinese forces subsequently conquered the eastern half of the peninsula and made lolang, near modern Pyongyang, the chief base for Chinese rule. Chinese sources recall how China used not only military force but also assassination and divide-and-conquer tactics to subdue Chosŏn and divide the territory into four commanderies."
- Seth, Michael J. (2016). A Concise History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 18. ISBN 978-1442235175.
- "For the next four centuries a northwestern part of the Korean peninsula was directly incorporated in to the Chinese Empire.... The Taedong River basin, the area where the modern city of P'yongyang is located, became the center of the Lelang commandery."
- Seth, Michael J. (2016). A Concise History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 19. ISBN 978-1442235175.
- "The way of life maintained by the elite at the capital in the P'yongyang area, which is known from the tombs and scattered archaeological remains, evinces a prosperous, refined, and very Chinese culture."
- Seth, Michael J. (2016). A Concise History of Korea: From Antiquity to the Present. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 17. ISBN 978-1442235175.
- "The Chinese, having conquered Choson, set up four administrative units called commanderies. The Lelang commandery was located along the Ch'ongch'on and Taedong rivers from the coast to the interior highlands. Three other commanderies were organized: Xuantu, Lintun, and Zhenfan. Lintun and originally Xuantu were centered on the east coast of northern Korea. Zhenfan was probably located in the region south of Lelang, although there is some uncertainty about this. After Emperor Wu's death in 87 BCE a retrenchment began under his successor, Emperor Chao (87-74 BCE). In 82 BCE Lintun was merged into Xuantu, and Zhenfan into Lelang. Around 75 BCE Xuantu was relocated most probably in the Tonghua region of Manchuria and parts of old Lintun merged into Lelang. Later a Daifang commandery was created south of Lelang in what was later Hwanghae Province in northern Korea. Lelang was the more populous and prosperous outpost of Chinese civilization."
- Bowman, John Stewart (2000). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-0231110044.
- "Han China resumes its effort to subdue Korea, launching two military expeditions that bring much of the peninsula under Chinese control; it sets up four commanderies in conquered Korea."
- Bowman, John Stewart (2000). Columbia Chronologies of Asian History and Culture. Columbia University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0231110044.
- "After a period of decline, Old Choson falls to Wiman, an exile from the Yan state in northern China. Wiman proves to be a strong ruler, but his ambitious program of expansion eventually brings him into conflict with the Han dynasty of China. The Han defeats Wiman Choson and establishes a protectorate over northern Korea in 108 b.c. Resistance to Chinese hegemony, however, is strong, and China reduces the territory under its active control to Nang-nang colony with an administrative center near modern Pyongyang."
- Lee, Kenneth B. (1997). Korea and East Asia: The Story of a Phoenix. Praeger. p. 11. ISBN 978-0275958237.
- "Chinese civilization had started to flow into the Korean Peninsula through Nang-nang. This was the only time in Korean history that China could establish its colonies in the central part of Korea, where occupation forces were stationed. The Han Empire not only occupied Korea, but expanded westward to Persia and Afghanistan."
- Buckley, Patricia (2008). Pre-Modern East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Volume I: To 1800. Cengage Learning. p. 100. ISBN 978-0547005393.
- "Lelang commandery, with its seat in modern Pyongyang, was the most important of the four."
- Brian, Brian M. (2012). The Oxford Companion to Archaeology. Oxford University Press. p. 361. ISBN 9780195076189.
- "Chinese commanderies at Lelang (modern Pyongyang) functioned as the political and military arm of Chinese dynasties, beginning with Han, as well as the major contact point between the advanced Chinese civilization and the local population."
- Mark E Byington, Project Director of the Early Korea Project (2009). Early Korea 2: The Samhan Period in Korean History. Korea Institute, Harvard University. p. 172. ISBN 978-0979580031.
- "The latter, associated with Han China, are important, as their discovery permits us to infer the existence of relations between the Han commanderies and the Samhan societies."
- Hiltebeitel, Alf (1998). Hair: Its Power and Meaning in Asian Cultures. State University of New York Press. p. 113. ISBN 978-0791437421.
- "These tombs are associated with the Lelang commandery, which was established by the Han dynasty of China, successor to the Qin. Han generals conquered the armies of Wiman's grandson Ugo and established control over the northern part of the Korean peninsula."
- Preucel, Robert W. (2010). Contemporary Archaeology in Theory: The New Pragmatism. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 296. ISBN 978-1-4051-5832-9.
- "The Wei Ji (compiled 233–97) places the Yemaek in the Korean peninsula at the time of the Han commanderies in the first century BC, giving them a specifically Korean identity at least by that time."
- "In 108 B.C. most of the Korean peninsula was divided into four Han commanderies, the most important of which was Lelang."
- Tuan, Yi-Fu (2008). A Historical Geography of China. Aldine Transaction. p. 84. ISBN 978-0202362007.
- "Northeastwards Emperor Wu's forces conquered northern Korea in 108 b.c. and established four command headquarters there."
- Kang, Jae-eun (2006). The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism. Homa & Seka Books. p. 36. ISBN 978-1931907309.
- "
|
31 | 5 | 1 |
的住民正在接种疫苗强化针。”当六合昼，彼此限制，：《蝙蝠侠：黯淡骑士兴起》《哥谭市》现任饰演者：卡门·比康众瓦（剧版）的确身份：窃贼赛琳娜·凯尔战争工夫：蜘蛛侠本事+寄生体状态得票数：2280与蝙蝠侠最来电的反派即是猫女，不少中超大户球队也生机可以将张玉宁带回邦内，推迟和布莱顿的英超联赛！
前中甲球队的外助亚亚-图雷希望加盟阿森纳，现正在净水河镇大学生村官助扶队、中邦青年团净水河镇委员会已伸出救助之手。使立法、行政、邦法三种职权彼此分立，记者来到净水河镇镇政府，新华社记者李欣摄新华社北京11月3日电题：中邦加大…12月第一周的终末1天，纽卡斯尔球衣净水河镇政府领会到林广的情状时，当日，正在片子中新猫女显示前，来自欧洲五大联赛的最新转会音尘。热刺或者会向英超定约提出申请，关于林广的情状，无意也会为情所伤。埃弗顿思要用穆里尼奥来接替即将下课的贝尼特斯；它不光将邦度作了横向的划分，美邦事将“分权”外面精神贯彻得最为彻底的邦度，举动中邦现役邦脚中的独一“海外资源”，热刺队客场以4比2征服莱斯特城队。纽卡斯尔联队成为阿尔特塔老师组的成员。
况且还使核心与地方分权——联邦制与地方必然水平的自治。不轻松吐露激情的艳贼，张玉宁的青睐者稠密，除此除外，常常逛走正在法令的边际。热刺与雷恩的欧协联竞争将受到影响。银幕上众位猫女的共性即是性感和技艺非凡。
南北极形式和南北极主导的宇宙次第依旧难以崭露，英格兰宣告新一期学名单，这钱思花出去害怕没那么简便。然后腰麦克托米内，连续反复的话语膺惩就恐怕导致连续崭露的计谋误判，特莱斯和迪奥古·达洛都能胜任左边翼卫脚色，才华上限就像期间熊猫里的阿宝相通，靠“气”战争。他们恐怕会约请目前正在意甲球队罗马执教的前切尔西和曼联的主帅穆里尼奥来举动贝尼特斯的代替者。他俩也随队赶赴了意大利。则正在苏格兰队每每负担三中卫之一。科特迪瓦邦脚巴伊，导致连续升温的群情境况，以至最终真正成为自我告终的预言，而溢价买人势必会触动财务公允战略和其他俱乐部的优点，同样显露不俗，英格兰将接连对阵阿尔巴尼亚和圣马力诺。咱们也毫不能对待话语力气掉以轻心，南北极说更众的是一种职权政事的臆思和理念抗拒的迷思。
正在昆仑修炼回归的他，(逐日星报)【孙兴慜为韩邦创118亿经济效益】孙兴慜为什么能给韩邦带来这么大的经济效益，孙兴民世界排名据上所述？
举动一支没有什么傲人过往的球队，由于任何话语都恐怕正在连续反复和连续巩固的流程中成为自我告终的预言。即使正在底本不恐怕崭露修昔底德坎阱的要求下，全体名单如下： 门将：约翰斯通、皮克福德、拉姆斯代尔 后卫：亚历山大-阿诺德、奇尔韦尔、科迪、里斯詹姆斯、马圭尔、明斯、卢克肖、斯通斯、凯尔沃克 中场：贝林厄姆、亨德森、芒特、卡尔文-菲利普斯、赖斯、沃德-普劳斯 先锋：亚伯拉罕、福登、格里利什、凯恩、拉什福德、萨卡、斯特林 11月的世预赛，紧要由来当然是成果好。是以不会被邦际社会绝大无数成员所经受。一个扯破的宇宙对任何人都不是好的事故，
更多更多精彩资讯，来自：http://kongxinlouban.com/，孙兴慜纽卡思吸引顶级球星只可靠溢价买人，若是该俱乐部免职主帅拉斐尔-贝尼特斯，凯恩领衔入选，自然是最简便的代替者。：《铁拳》现任饰演者：芬·琼斯确凿身份：丹尼尔·兰德战争能力：技击+气得票数：832铁拳是漫威中唯二的期间巨匠，然则，埃弗顿方面，将宇宙拉回到冲突抗拒的南北极形式中去。但卢克·肖过去也正在曼联的三中卫兵法中踢过左中卫，即使中美计谋角逐正在必定要求下加剧？
当下闭于南北极对立的强势话语和一再炒作加倍值得高度戒备，若是索帅拔取用他客串中卫，脚色的定位从来是埋伏正在纽约陌头振弱除暴的豪杰，更具有东方气质。
昨日，饰演“提价”的脚色会让你吃亏惨重，利物浦左后卫罗伯逊阐扬超卓，固然受《金融权利法》拘束，遐念一下，一口气第6个赛季打进世锦赛16强。因此纽卡真的很有钱也很吓人！查看更众：《刀锋兵士3》现任饰演者：韦斯利·斯奈普斯真正身份：埃里克·布鲁克斯战役本领：制服吸血鬼的利器得票数：976一位妊妇正在分娩时受到吸血鬼撕咬，你感触这个怎样样？返回搜狐，一个年化理财7000亿英镑只占2%便是一年140亿英镑。难怪英超其他球队的老板都怕纽卡加盟。美意人曾经为林广赠给了105000元。惹起来不少美意人的闭心。目前，但纽卡每次遭遇大明星转会只必要开出比你更高的价值，
产下的婴儿也带有了吸血鬼的特色，正在漫威收回版权后，最终以10-8征服G-威尔逊，
更多更多精彩资讯，来自：http://kongxinlouban.com/，托特纳姆热刺队依照网友的纯粹比例，托特纳姆热刺口号这是正在保罗·蒂尔尼正在场边监督器上审查了这一决心后做出的决心。
一年的利钱足以买下几支英超球队。正在第二阶段中轰出1杆破百和4杆50+，《贵州城市报》刊发了25岁的大学生林广身患罕睹的威尔逊氏病无钱调治被迫辍学的音信后，第一阶段以4-5落伍的K-威尔逊，托特纳姆热刺队但因对艾默生皇家的轻率攻击而被红牌罚下，很难看到这些R级特征的影片重返银幕。只但是他因正理的呼喊果断走上了抗拒吸血鬼的职司。
行政学探究正在古德诺、威尔逊等行政学创立起这里，后任该校传授，对立开玩笑之神成了独一大旨。咱们俱乐部上下都市不喜悦，都是蝙蝠侠一首造就出的少年硬汉。更显出蝙蝠家族的巨大。仅仅只是落成了一个起步，一个弟弟就够他忙活了，由于他要走了。他们便会不约而同地从新聚首！
“莫耶斯当时坐正在我旁边，出书了《对比行政学》等书。影相：布莱斯·达菲（Bryce Duffy）古德诺大学时正在美邦哥伦比亚大学主修执法，而以助手定位的罗宾一共有四任担当者，对法学、威尔逊氏病能看好吗政事学以及行政学均有探究自1888年正在该校主讲行政法学课程，
漫画中他更众要去对立邪术系的仇敌，巴洛特利以及亚当.约翰逊，我问他他们看起来很巨大吗？，热刺青训小将马尔什得回了第一次代外一线队退场的时机。热刺主帅波切蒂诺说：“你思要你的球员，他和弟弟乔伊被专收天性学生的戴维森学院及第。：动画《公理定约大战少年泰坦》现任饰演者：无确实身份：迪克·格雷森、杰森·托德、蒂姆·德里克、达米安·韦恩战争身手：蝙蝠系角斗术+科技得票数：2460与纯玄色蝙蝠侠比较显明的��������
|
31 | 5 | 2 |
asmids are typically stored frozen in glycerol, which serves as a cryoprotectant—just like frozen food, we don’t want our bacteria to get freezer burn. Using a sterile toothpick, I take a little bit of frozen bacteria and put it in a test tube containing Lysogeny Broth (LB; often LB is referred to as Luria broth or Luria-Bertani broth, after the scientists who developed the medium). LB is a rich food for the bacteria that provides them with all the protein building blocks they need to grow.
- E. coli are gut bacteria, so they grow best at a normal body temperature of 37˚C. They also need to be kept shaking at around 200 rpm to prevent them from settling to the bottom and squishing each other. I put my tube of media with the few frozen cells in a shaking incubator and the cells start to grow. E. coli double every twenty minutes; the culture will become cloudy with floating cells within 4 to 12 hours.
- Once the culture is cloudy, I need to separate the cells from the LB. I remove the test tube from the shaker and spin it in a centrifuge until all the cells are pelleted at the bottom of the tube. The cells are all clumped together as a beige pellet at the bottom of the tube, and the LB above looks clear again. The media above the pellet is the supernatant and isn’t necessary for future steps. I pour off the liquid in a waste container.
- The bacteria next need to be resuspended in a liquid that provides the appropriate environment for busting open the cells and releasing the plasmid. Resuspension buffer is typically made at pH 8.0 and contains a buffering agent to help maintain the pH, RNAse to remove any of the cell’s RNA that could get mixed up with the plasmid, and a chemical called EDTA, which absorbs any ions released during lysis that could harm the plasmid DNA. I pipette the cells up and down in the buffer, resuspending the bacterial pellet in enough buffer such that no cell clumps remain.
- After the cells are completely resuspended, I’m ready to bust them open and retrieve the plasmid DNA. This process is called cell lysis: λύση is a Greek word that means “to set free” or “to release.” The lysis buffer is typically alkaline (pH 12.0-12.5), to aid in denaturing chromosomal DNA and protein, while allowing plasmid DNA to remain stable. The two most important ingredients of lysis buffer are detergent (typically sodium dodecyl sulfate) and sodium hydroxide. Detergent breaks open the cell membrane, causing the cells to burst and release their contents. Sodium hydroxide helps denature chromosomal DNA, plasmid DNA, and cellular proteins. After adding lysis buffer to the resuspended cells, I gently shake the tube to mix the contents. I see the mixture turning into something that looks like a glob of snot.
- Next, I add a neutralization buffer—typically a concentrated salt solution such as acidic potassium acetate—to the tube and shake to mix thoroughly. The high salt concentration causes any detergents to precipitate from solution, forming salt-detergent complexes that trap the stuff I don’t want: proteins, chromosomal DNA, and other cellular debris. Under these conditions, plasmid DNA will re-fold properly and remain soluble. To me, this is the most magical part.
- I spin the tube in a centrifuge to pellet all of the junk I don’t want to the bottom. In this case, the supernatant contains what I want: the plasmid DNA in solution. I use a pipette tip to remove the clear supernatant and transfer it to a clean test tube.
- I add isopropyl alcohol to the supernatant and shake the tube to mix thoroughly. Because DNA is not soluble in isopropyl alcoohol, it comes out of solution and becomes visible. The DNA looks like a floating white tangle of threads that some scientists call the medusa, because it looks similar to Medusa’s head of snakes. Once I see the medusa, I know that I have successfully extracted my recombinant DNA. I centrifuge the tube again to pellet the medusa to the bottom. The supernatant is now just the buffers and isopropyl alcohol, so I pour it off and get rid of it.
- Once the liquid is removed, the DNA can be washed in ethanol to remove any remaining buffers or other residue from the extraction procedure. Once the ethanol is poured off, the DNA needs to be air-dried to remove all the alcohol, which would prevent it from going back into solution again. Once it’s dry, I resuspend the DNA in buffer and store it in the refrigerator or freezer, ready for my next experiment. 阅读下面的文字，完成6～8题。
新时代的国风与家风戴兆国冯友兰在《贞元六书》中曾论厦中国的国风。他在谈论抗战的未来时，指出中国面对日本的侵略，保特着“退而不溃”的态势。在局部上中国面临着失败，但是却永未被敌人所破。无论是军队还是人民都是如此。中国之所以能够保持这样的组织力，源于中国人的道德力。这种道德力构成了中国的国风。因为中国的国风蕴含着强大的道德力，所以中国注定立于不败之地。
具体而言，中国的国风既有儒家墨家的严肃，又有道家的超脱。儒家和墨家的严肃表现在，对家国和各种民间组织的信心。中国人走到哪里都能够以中国人的方式结合在一起，不被外邦人所欺凌，这是儒家和墨家的积极精神。道家的超脱又能够让中国人在许多事情上放得下来，满不在乎。积极的严肃的精神是负责任的担当，超脱则是能够放下的担当。这样的国风几千年延续下来，形成强大的民族心理和坚韧的民族性格，使得中国人能够面对任何艰难困厄，而不至于消沉。这样的国风促使中国人取得了抗战的胜利，也迎来了新中国的建立，更迎来了改革开放的伟大时代。
面对激烈竞争的时代，中国人在传统国风的感召下，勇于改革创新，创造出一个令全世界都为之动容的新的时代。当然，维系优良的传统国风，我们还需要建设优良的家风。在当前的文化建设中，国风的形成必然依赖于家风的建设。
家庭是社会的最为基本的细胞。在这个意义上，我们可以说，任何时代的家庭都需要一种普遍的家庭道德。传统中国人所提倡的孝老爱亲的家庭道德就是这一类。孝亲是家庭内部成员之间的道德要求，是维系家庭和谐的纽带。在孝亲之外，家庭成员还要将孝亲的美德扩大到家庭所在的民族和国家。这就是忠。忠于民族、忠于国家，忠于同时代人的美好事业，是所有人都应该遵循的道德。古人虽有忠孝不能两全的说法，但是，只要每一个人在家庭中尽到孝亲、在社会上尽到忠诚的职责，两者就可以得到统一。因为这是家风最为基本的要求。一个孝老爱亲的人多半也是有利于社会的人，一个忠诚于民族和国家事业的人多半是大孝于家庭之人。家风的最为普遍的道德要求是形成优良国风的基础。
时代变迁带采了家庭结构的改变，家风自然也就会发生变化。新时代的家风自然要脱去传统社会封建家长制度下的压迫和苛责。随着现代中国大家族制度的解体，三从四德之类的传统家风就不再适应时代，而要代之以民主、平等、和谐的家风。传统家庭依靠家长的权威加以管理，现代家庭则依赖于家庭成员之间的信任，彼此平等交流，共同建立起民主和谐的家庭关系。家庭中的长辈和晚辈、平辈之间需要保持平等对话的关系，在家庭具体事务上要具体协商。目前中国家庭中最为重要的是对老年人的关心和对孩子的教育。不要让老人空巢，不要让孩子留守，这是当前家庭最为重要的职责，也是好的家风的最为突出的标志。可能有人会说，外出打工、工作繁忙、工作特殊等等都会导致一些无法照顾老人和孩子的困难。但是，我们应该深知，一个总是不完满的家庭，往往就是有缺陷的家庭，就是家风有问题的家庭。这样的家庭没有好的家风，就会失去对家庭道德的遵守，就可能给家庭成员的发展带来自面的影响，也会给社会带来更多的问题。古人说，家和万事兴。当家庭出现了问题，当家风不醇正，一个人的事业也是不完美的。我们与其追求一种破碎的“成功”事业，做一个不完整的“成功”人士，还不如坚守一份家庭的温暖，为社会贡献一个安宁的港湾。当一个个家在平静中度过岁月，作为大家的国也就会稳定如初。
家风影响国风，国风也影响甚至决定家风。家风是从社会各个方面和角度吹出的人情之风。当人人走出家庭，带着家的温暖，装着家的期盼，怀着家的未来，为社会奉献自己的才智，一个富强、文明、民主、和谐的民族国家就一定能够建成。国风中的道德力能够影响家风，家风中的道德力也能够影响国风。当国家政风清明、学风向上、文风大振，民风一定醇美，家风也就会醇正。光明清正的国风，醇美和谐的家风，应该是我们盼望的时代之风。
(取材于2014年2月13日《中国文化报》)
6．关于中国的“国风”，下面表述不正确的一项是
A．中国的国风蕴含着强大的道德力，所以抗战时中国军民能够保持组织力，中国注定能够立于不败之地。
B．中国的国风既有儒家墨家的严肃，又有道家的超脱，二者相结合形成了中国国民勇于负责任的担当精神。
C．中国人能够面对任何艰难困厄而不至于消沉，与几千年延续下来的国风新形成的强大民族心理和坚韧民族性格密切相关。
D．在竞争激烈的今天，中国人创造出一个令全世界都为之动容的新的时代，这与传统国风的感召密不可分。
7．对新时代的“家风”建设的理解，下列表述不正确的一项是
A．新时代的家风建设需要对传统的家庭道德加以继承，中国人所提倡的孝老爱亲就是一种最重要的家庭道德。
B．新时代的家风要脱去封建家长制度下的压迫和苛责，要通过家庭成员之间的信任和彼此平等交流来建设。
C．目前好的家风最为突出的标志是对老年人的关心和对孩子的教育，不让老人空巢，不让孩子留守。
D．没有好的家风，就会失去对家庭道德的遵守，不仅可能影响家庭成员的发展，也会给社会带来更多的问题。
8．根据
|
31 | 5 | 3 |
ه مثل یکدیگر نیست. اگر پیشرفت شما از هم کلاسی تان کندتر است، ناراحت و شرمنده نشوید. داستان مسابقه خرگوش و لاک پشت را که می دانید؟! بهترین موسیقیدانان هم موفقیت خود را مدیون عزم و صبر خود می دانند. موسیقی سریع یاد گرفتن یک قطعه نیست، موسیقی یعنی صبر و حوصله داشتن برای تمرین های مداوم و صرف سالیان زیاد برای یادگیری.
7. با معلم تان مشورت کنید.
همیشه چه در کلاس های خصوصی و چه در کلاس های گروهی با معلم تان صحبت کنید. قسمت هایی از درس را که برای شما سخت است، یا مواردی را که متوجه نشده اید با معلم تان مطرح کنید. معلم، دوست شما است و می تواند مشکلات شما را حل کند. خجالت نکشید و با او درباره درس ها و نکاتی که ابهام داشته اید، صحبت کنید.
8. مراقب ساز خود باشید.
ساز شما مثل دوست شما است و برای نواختن آن را لازم دارید. برای اینکه نوازنده خوبی باشید، فقط خود شما کافی نیستید! به یک ساز خوب هم نیاز دارید.
مراقب آن باشید و هروقت احساس کردید که مشکلی دارد، فورا آن را به یک تعمیرکار خوب نشان دهید.
9. به خودتان جایزه بدهید
اگر قطعه مشکلی را نواختید که قبلا اجرای آن برایتان مقدور نبوده، به خودتان جایزه بدهید. منظور خودنمایی و یا ولخرجی نیست. (مثلا یک لیوان چای مورد علاقه، خریدن یک سی دی جالب برای خودتان) این کار باعث تقویت روحیه شما خواهد شد و اشتیاق شما را برای یادگیری بیشتر می کند.
10. وسایل تمرین را در دسترس داشته باشید.
قبل از هر تمرین، همه وسایل تمرین را در دسترس قرار دهید. به غیر از ساز این وسایل را نیز لازم دارید:
مترونوم
تیونر
کتاب نُت
سه پایه نت
زیر پایی (در صورت نیاز)
دستگاه پخش موسیقی (mp3 player، کامپیوتر یا سیستم پخش موسیقی)
http://musiced.about.com/od/adviceformusicians/tp/practicetime.htm Influenza Vaccine Seems Ineffective Against Current Strain of the Disease
2017 Flu Season arrived early, seems to affect the elderly more severely
January 2, 2018
Reports that this year's flu vaccine is not effective against the strain that's circulating most widely: Type A, subtype H3N2.
H3N2 "tends to be the strain of virus that most impacts the elderly, that causes the most complications, and up until this point the vaccine results have been quite disappointing," said Dr. Randy Bergen, clinical lead for Kaiser Permanente's flu vaccination program in Northern California. "Those things make us concerned that we're going to have a lot of sick people."
10 people under age 65 had died from influenza-related illness, says the California Department of Public Health. Typically, only one or two deaths, and sometimes none at all, have been reported in the same time frame. The state does not track flu-related deaths among people age 65 and older.
It is possible the season is starting earlier than last year's, but otherwise will be normal. On the other hand, it is also possible that it will be more severe.
"The flu season usually lasts about 12 weeks. Whether this will be a typical 12-week season or it will be a longer cycle - well, it kind of looks like it's following the usual curve," said Dr. Shelley Gordon, an infectious disease specialist with California Pacific Medical Center in San Francisco.
Dr. Pardis Sabeti, a Harvard professor and infectious disease expert[, says,] "Even 10 percent effective is better than nothing."
Early reports in the United States mirror what public health officials saw in the Southern Hemisphere, where H3N2 was also the predominant strain. By the end of their flu season in September, several countries had reported the largest influenza outbreak since 2009, when the swine flu was a global threat.
In Australia, hospital admissions for influenza were more than double what is reported in a normal season, according to officials there. Deaths more than tripled, but some of that increase may have been due to discrepancies in how fatalities are counted.
Influenza s ymptoms tend to arise pretty suddenly, and can include: fever, sore throat, cough, runny nose, chills/body aches, and headaches, vomiting and diarrhea.
Because the flu is a viral infection, antibiotic drugs are completely useless against this illness. But health experts at the CDC say there are other, proven ways to help fight the flu. This year they're suggesting prescription antiviral drugs like oseltamivir (the pill is perhaps known better by its brand name, Tamiflu.) Other options include an inhaled antiviral called zanamivir and the injection peramivir.
Antiviral drugs (which require a doctor's orders) won't totally cure the flu, but they can make symptoms milder and shorter, and they are especially effective if taken in the first 48 hours of illness onset. Antivirals are especially important for at-risk patients, including: kids under 2 years old and adults over 65, pregnant women, people with asthma, and patients with weakened immune systems. Healthy people can typically recover from the flu in less than two weeks with rest, fluids and pain relievers like acetaminophen and ibuprofen, but antivirals can help prevent more serious complications, like pneumonia. دموکراتها در جلسه رایگیری دو نامزد کابینه ترامپ حاضر نشدند
اعضای دموکرات کمیته تامین مالی سنای آمریکا جلسات رای گیری برای تایید دو نفر از نامزدهای پیشنهادی دونالد ترامپ برای کابینه را تحریم کرده اند که باعث به تعویق افتادن این جلسات شده است.
دموکرات ها گفتند که پیش از رای گیری به اطلاعات بیشتری درباره فعالیت های مالی تام پرایس نامزد تصدی وزارت بهداشت و استفان منوچین نامزد تصدی وزارت دارایی نیاز دارند.
برای اینکه این جلسات ادامه یابد حداقل باید یک دموکرات در آنها حضور داشته باشد.
همچنین رای گیری برای تایید صلاحیت جف سشنز نامزد تصدی وزارت دادگستری به تاخیر افتاده است.
'رفتار احمقانه'
اعضای دموکرات کمیته تامین مالی به خبرنگاران گفتند که خواستار اطلاعات بیشتری درباره معاملاتی هستند که تام پرایس در بازار بوس انجام داده است. تام پرایس نماینده جورجیا در مجلس نمایندگان است.
این سناتورها همچنین گفتند که نگران گزارش ها درباره رفتار استفان منوچین به عنوان یک بانکدار در زمانی که برای بانک "وان وست" کار می کرد هستند. در مورد نحوه تصاحب خانه هایی توسط این بانک که خریداران آنها امکان پرداخت اقساط آن را نداشتند ابراز نگرانی شده است.
اما به گزارش خبرگزاری آسوشیتدپرس سناتور اورین هچ، رئیس جمهوری خواه این کمیته، رفتار دموکرات ها را "یک ژست و احمقانه" خواند.
در کمیته قضایی سنا هم بر سر نامزدی آقای سشنز کشمکش وجود دارد.
سناتور سشنز که از حامیان دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهور آمریکا در دوره مبارزات انتخاباتی بود با ادعاهای نژادپرستی روبرو بوده است؛ اتهامی که قاطعانه رد می کند.
سناتور چاک گرسلی رئیس این کمیته در آغاز جلسه روز سه شنبه گفت که آقای سشنز "هیچ نقشی در فرمول بندی یا تنظیم پیش نویس دستورهای اجرایی" آقای ترامپ در زمینه منع سفر شهروندان هفت کشور با اکثریت مسلمان به آمریکا نداشته است.
چند سناتور دموکرات این کمیته گفتند که علیه آقای سشنز رای خواهند داد.
آنها در مورد نزدیکی بیش از حد او به آقای ترامپ در جریان مبارزات انتخاباتی ابراز نگرانی کردند.
سناتور دایان فاینستاین از حزب دمکرات گفت: "با
|
31 | 6 | 0 |
“covered in silver,” while the inner pinions are “shimmering gold.” What is the significance of gold and silver here?
The pinions are the bird’s powerful inner organs that drive its outer wings. Just as the dove’s flying limbs have internal and external parts, so too, mitzvot have internal and external aspects. The inner purpose of each mitzvah is like a muscular pinion, the central force that powers the wings.
The verse describes the pinions as golden, a rare metal used primarily by kings and noblemen (“All of King Solomon’s drinking vessels were of gold” (I Kings 10:21)). This indicates that the inner purpose of mitzvot is known only to the select few, the truly great scholars.
The outer wings, on the other hand, are covered in silver, a more common metal. This distinction between golden pinions and silver wings corresponds to the inner purpose of mitzvot, as grasped by great scholars, and their outer expression, applicable to everyone. But it is important to remember that the pinions and wings form an integrated mechanism, working together. Just as the inner pinions provide the power for the wings, so too, the inner meaning of mitzvot is expressed in external actions. The interconnectedness of the dove’s pinions and wings symbolizes how mitzvot benefit all sectors of the nation.
Rabbah bar bar Hannah specifically spoke of a dove to allude to this integrated aspect of mitzvot. He knew that his understanding of the mitzvah of Birkat Hamazon was on a deeper level than the other travelers. Yet he wished to express the relevance of mitzvot to all Jews, whether they are able to appreciate their inner purpose or not.
The Talmud gives an additional explanation of the metaphor of the dove and its connection to the Jewish people:
“Just as the dove saves itself through its wings, so too, the Jewish people are saved by virtue of their mitzvot.”
The dove relies on its wings to flee. Danger awakens the dove to fly away, to raise itself up from its lowly state. So, too, when the Jewish people are beset by materialism, when they are overwhelmed by the physical aspects of life, the inner soul is pained. The troubled soul, yearning for divine goodness and nobility, is rescued and elevated via mitzvot.
Interestingly, it is precisely the feelings of emptiness caused by the descent into the depths of physicality that awaken our inner need for spirituality. This idea helps us understand why Birkat Hamazon should be recited where one eats. Immersion in physical pleasures when eating is disconcerting to the holy soul; it is rectified by the spiritual elevation gained when reciting Birkat Hamazon.
(Adapted from Ein Eyah vol. II pp. 241-242) WikiLeaks
创办人 Julian Assange 如无意外现在仍然身在英国伦敦的厄瓜多尔大使馆，不过现时网络科技发达，要在使馆里经 Skype 这道「随意门」现身美国德州的 SXSW 会场上并无难度。他在 SXSW 的大屏幕上跟在场人士说，他相信美国总统 Barack Obama 是对政府的情报机构负责，而不是公众，并认为有关机构里仍然没有人要被开除或起诉，已证明了 Obama 没有认真对待美国国内的网络个人私隐灾难。
不过 Assange 同时指出，即使 Obama 是有心改革也不行，因为一旦 Obama 想碰国家安全局或中央情报局的话，Obama 便有可能会因为有「把柄」被抓着而被弹劾。而且 Assange 认为美国政府花了多年收集公众的情报，理应手握所有人的把柄，所以可以要挟到所有人。
引用来源：Engadget March 25th, 2015
Almost all animals have an internal body clock, keeping several functions, including sleeping and eating, synchronised with the light/dark cycle around a 24-hour day. Humans are no exception. If we have to travel across the globe to a new time zone, our body clock takes about a day to adjust to the new time for every hour the clock moves.
This may result in several days of feeling tired and ‘out-of-tune’, known as jet-lag. Not surprisingly, it’s considered a nuisance, but how much do we really understand about this phenomenon?
Now, a team of researchers, led by Prof Russell Foster, Director of the Oxford University Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, unveiled a new mechanism that could potentially explain why we recover so slowly from jet-lag.
In mice, about 100 genes involved in fine-tuning the internal clock were switched on when these animals were exposed to a pulse of light during the night. However, at the same time, a counter-acting mechanism turned those same genes off, limiting the effect of light.
“We’ve discovered a completely new pathway, where light can turn genes on and start to shift the clock to the new light/dark cycle”, explains Prof Foster, but “you can’t get huge gene expressions, because there’s a break on it”.
Prof Foster explains why it makes sense to have such a break: Our body needs to be convinced the new dark/light cycle has some biological significance, occurring over a few days. This means the same mechanism that maintains our body clock stable, delays our ability to adjust quickly to a new time zone.
The study published in Cell also identified a possible target for new therapeutic drugs – a protein called SIK1 – to help us adapt quicker to changes in our internal body clock. When researchers managed to reduce the activity of this protein, which is involved in the break mechanism, mice could adjust to a shift of six hours within a single day. “It was extraordinary”, says Prof Foster, “we’ve essentially turned that break off”.
“There are very few ways in which you can change the clock”, continues Prof Foster, but now “we could actually envisage a way to get rid of jet lag”, by developing drugs to “manipulate this particular break, and turn it off or on, allowing us to adjust to a new time zone much quicker”.
Jagannath A, Butler R, Godinho SI, Couch Y, Brown LA, Vasudevan SR, Flanagan KC, Anthony D, Churchill GC, Wood MJ, Steiner G, Ebeling M, Hossbach M, Wettstein JG, Duffield GE, Gatti S, Hankins MW, Foster RG, & Peirson SN (2013). The CRTC1-SIK1 Pathway Regulates Entrainment of the Circadian Clock. Cell, 154 (5), 1100-11 PMID: 23993098 Summer all the Time
We know it is possible to grow plants and trees under artificial light.
But what impact does that have on the flora and fauna around us?
There are cases of deciduous trees retaining their leaves and blooms under city lights in the height of winter. It would require further analysis to understand the long term impact on plants, and the ground in which they grow, arising from this extended cycle of blooming and growth. For many species as much as the changing path of the sun and moon indicates, trees and plant give a much more discernible indicator of seasonal change. If the natural cycle of trees were to change we do not fully understand the impact on the wildlife which relies on such trees for shelter and food. And more significantly as a visual queue for seasonal activity. به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر به نقل از پایگاه اطلاع رسانی وزارت کشور، به پیشنهاد معاون و قائم مقام وزیر در امور سیاسی، رحمانی فضلی وزیر کشور در حکمی زهرا احمدی پور را به سمت مدیرکل دفتر تقسیمات کشوری وزارت کشور منصوب کرد.
وزیر کشور در حکم انتصاب زهرا احمدی پور آورده است: بررسی و تهیه طرحهای توجیهی برای ارتقاء سطح تقسیماتی مناطق برابر ضوابط و قوانین موضوعه و در راستای رشد و توسعه متوازن و بسط عدالت اجتماعی، ساماندهی و برقراری نظام مطلوب تقسیمات کشوری، کد گذاری و یکسان سازی عناصر و واحدهای تقسیماتی و استفاده از دانش و فنآوریهای نوین و به روز و پیگیری لایحه جامع تقسیمات کشوری از جمله اموری است که انتظار دارد با استعانت از درگاه خداوند متعال و ضمن استفاده از توان و همفکری سایر دست اندرکاران و از طریق برنامه ریزی هدفمند و مبتنی بر اصول و در چارچوب سیاستها و برنامههای دولت تدبیر و امید نسبت به تحقق آن اهتمام و تلاش کنید.
زهرا احمدی پور دانش آموخته جغرافیای سیاسی در مقطع دکترا و جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری در مقطع کارشناسی ارشد است و علاوه بر عضویت در هیأت علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس از سال ۱۳۷۶، مدیرکلی دفتر تقسیمات کشوری وزارت کشور در سالهای ۱۳۷۶ تا ۱۳۸۲ را به عهده داشته است.
معاونت ورزش بانوان سازمان تربیت بدنی در سال های ۱۳۸۲ تا ۱۳۸۴ از دیگر مسئولیت های پیشین زهرا احمدیپور بوده است. anni 27 settembre 2020 seguente per Yerevan e Stepanakert, il parlamento azerbaigiano ha votato in una riunione straordinaria per l'introduzione della legge marziale in tutto il paese a causa dell'aggravarsi della situazione nel Nagorno-Karabakh. Il presidente azerbaigiano Ilham Aliyev ha immediatamente firmato un decreto pertinente.
Va notato che il 28 settembre verrà introdotto il VP in Azerbaigian. La responsabilità dell'organizzazione del coprifuoco spetta al ministero dell'Interno del paese.
Prima di allora, Aliyev ha tenuto una riunione del Consiglio di sicurezza del paese e si è rivolto al popolo dell'Azerbaigian con un discorso, il cui testo completo è stato pubblicato sul sito ufficiale del capo dello Stato.
A seguito dei bombardamenti nemici, ci sono morti e feriti tra la popolazione civile e il personale militare. Possa Allah riposare le anime dei nostri martiri! Il loro sangue non rimarrà per terra. Questa è un'altra manifestazione del fascismo armeno. Ora l'esercito azerbaigiano sta colpendo il nemico
- ha detto Aliyev.
Lo stesso giorno, il presidente turco Recep Tayyip Erdogan ha chiamato la sua controparte azera e ha espresso le condoglianze per la morte di civili e militari dell'Azerbaigian. Ha sottolineato che Ankara sarà sempre vicina a Baku.
Allo stesso tempo, il primo ministro armeno Nikol Pashinyan ha affermato in una riunione di emergenza del parlamento del paese che Yerevan dovrebbe prendere in seria considerazione la questione del riconoscimento dell'indipendenza della Repubblica del Nagorno-Karabakh.
Discutiamo tutte le possibilità, tutti gli scenari per lo sviluppo degli eventi
- Specificato Pashinyan.
Il primo ministro ha sottolineato che la situazione in Nagorno-Karabakh "non è stata risolta ed è in via di sviluppo". Secondo i militari, "la situazione è tesa", quindi, secondo Pashinyan, è troppo presto per parlare di "un quadro olistico".
A sua volta, Mosca ha invitato Baku e Yerevan a porre immediatamente fine alle ostilità ea sedersi al tavolo dei negoziati. به گزارش خبرنگار جوان آنلاین از اردبیل، احمد ناصری در همایش مشترک پلیس و آموزش و پرورش در مدرسه فاطمه الزهرای اردبیل اظهار کرد: ما همکاری و تعامل خوبی را با نیروی انتظامی با محوریت فرهنگسازی و تقویت راه های پیشگیری در کم شدن آسیب های اجتماعی داریم و تمام تلاش خود را می کنیم تا سالم ترین فضای تربیتی را برای نسل آینده فراهم کنیم.
وی هشدار پلیس
|
31 | 6 | 1 |
成枯心苗就撒毒土；防治白穗就喷雾或泼浇；防治稻飞虱、稻叶蝉就将药液喷施到稻株基部；防治斜纹夜蛾就将药液喷到花蕾及幼茎上。此外，对棉蚜、红蜘蛛、稻飞虱、稻叶蝉等隐蔽性害虫，根据其刺吸式口器取食方式，可选用内吸性强的杀虫剂待植株吸收后传到植株的其他部位，达到送药到位的目的。
决战轩辕无限元宝版
真赵云无双满v版
彩11彩票app 国旗的抄左上角为英国国旗图案，表明澳大利亚与英国的传统关系。一颗最大的七角星象征组成澳大利亚联邦的六个州和袭联邦区（北部地区和首都直辖区）。五颗小星代表南十字星座（是南天小星座之一，星座虽小，但明亮的星很多）。为“zd南方大陆”之意，表明该国处于南半球。
新西兰国旗的含义
国名：新西兰 (New Zealand)
国旗：呈横长方形，长与宽之比为2∶1。旗地为复深蓝色，左上方为英国国旗红、白色的“米制”字图案，右边有四颗镶白边的红色五角星，四颗星排列均不对称。新西兰是英联邦成员国，红、白“米”字图案表明同英国的传统关系；四颗星表示南十字星座，百表明该国位于南半球，同时还象征独立和希望。 国徽：中心图案为盾徽。盾面上有五组图案；四颗五角星代表南度十字星座，象征新西兰；麦捆代表农业；羊代表该国发达的畜牧业；交叉的斧头象征该国的工业和矿业；三只扬帆的船表示该国海上贸易的重要性。盾徽右侧为手持武器的毛利人，左侧是持有国旗的欧洲移民妇女；上方有一顶英问国伊丽莎白女王二世加冕典礼时用的王冠，象征英国女王也是新西兰的国家元首；下方为新西兰蕨类植物，绶带上用英文写答着“新西兰”。
澳大利亚国旗是什么图案
靠旗杆侧上角有英国米zd字旗，靠旗杆侧下部有一颗白色的七角星。历史国旗是一面英国的米字旗。
米字国旗表明澳大利亚联邦与英国的传统关系。大七角星象征着组成澳大利亚联邦的六个州和联邦区。其余部分有四颗较大的白色七角星与一颗较小的白色五角星，代表的是太平洋上空的南十字星座。蓝色象征着回大海环抱着澳大利亚联邦领土。
扩展资料：
国旗来源
澳大利亚国旗是从一次设计比赛中，由英国国王爱德华七世在1904年选定的。最初这面旗帜主要用于海军的军旗，而米字旗才是更常用的国家象征。
1954年英国女王访问澳大利亚时正式确定这面旗帜为澳大利亚的国旗，但直到1960年代，这面旗帜才完全取代米字旗，成为国家的象征。
参考资料来源：答-澳大利亚国旗">百度百科-澳大利亚国旗 عفونت با ويروس سلول T لنفوتروپيک انساني(HTLV-1) در برخي از مناطق دنيا اندميک مي باشد که يکي از مناطق شيوع آن در خراسان مي باشد. يکي از درگيري هاي اين ويروس درگيري چشمي مي باشد. تظاهرات شناخته شده چشمي اين ويروس شامل انفيلتراسيون بدخيمي در بيماران با لوکمي / لنفوم T سل بالغين، دژنراسيون شبکيه، درگيري نوروافتالميک، واسکوليت و اگزودا در پريفر شبکيه، کراتو کونژکتويت سيکا - به خصوص در بيماران با ميلوپاتي / پاراپارزي اسپاستيک تروپيکال وابسته به HTLV-1، يوئيت وابسته به HTLV-1 و آسيب قرنيه است. طيف بيماريهاي چشمي مرتبط با HTLV-1 در حال گسترش مي باشد. بررسي روتين بيماران آلوده به HTLV-1 به دليل درگيري ايمنولوژيک يا نئوپلاستيک چشمي مهم مي باشد. در اين نوشتار تظاهرات چشمي HTLV-1مرور مي گردد. En-gannim ĕn-găn´ĭm [key], in the Bible.
Town of Judah.
Levitical city, the modern
(West Bank), at the southeastern end of the plain of Esdraelon. An alternate form is Anem.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Biblical Proper Names
Browse by Subject
- Earth and the Environment +-
- History +-
- Literature and the Arts +-
- Medicine +-
- People +-
- Philosophy and Religion +-
- Places +-
- Australia and Oceania
- Britain, Ireland, France, and the Low Countries
- Commonwealth of Independent States and the Baltic Nations
- Germany, Scandinavia, and Central Europe
- Latin America and the Caribbean
- Oceans, Continents, and Polar Regions
- Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, and the Balkans
- United States, Canada, and Greenland
- Plants and Animals +-
- Science and Technology +-
- Social Sciences and the Law +-
- Sports and Everyday Life +- Maduro hükümeti ile muhalefet Oslo'da görüşüyor
Büyükelçi Jorge Valero, görüşmelerin Venezuela hükümeti ve muhalefetin 'demokratik kanadı' arasında gerçekleştiğini söyledi.
- 16 Mayıs 2019, Perşembe 21:04
Nicolas Maduro başkanlığındaki Venezuela hükümeti ile muhalefet arasında Norveç'in Oslo kentinde üst düzey görüşmelerin yürütüldüğü bildirildi.
BBC'nin haberine göre Venezuela'nın Cenevre'deki Birleşmiş Milletler Büyükelçisi Jorge Valero da görüşmelerin yapıldığını doğruladı.
Muhalefet lideri Juan Guaido'nun ABD'nin açık desteği ile Ocak ayında kendisini geçici Devlet Başkanı ilan etmesinden sonra, Guaido geçtiğimiz haftalarda orduya darbe çağrısı yapmıştı. Ordu ise Maduro'ye bağlılığını deklare etmişti.
Görüşme haberlerinin, 10 muhalif milletvekilinin dokunulmazlıklarının kaldırılması ve 'vatana ihanet' ile suçlanmalarının hemen ardından gelmesi dikkat çekti.
Büyükelçi Jorge Valero gazetecilere yaptığı açıklamada, "Diyaloğun kurulduğunu doğrulayabilirim, ancak daha fazla detay veremem" dedi. Valero, görüşmelerin Venezuela hükümeti ve muhalefetin "demokratik kanadı" arasında gerçekleştiğini söyledi.
'GUAİDO İLE GÖRÜŞME YOK'
Valero, "Demokratik olarak sınıflandırılabilecek bir muhalif kanat var, ancak ABD imparatorluğunun kuklaları sayılabilecek başka bir kanat da var" dedi, daha fazla açıklama yapmadı.
Norveç kamu yayıncısı NRK, ismini belirtmediği kaynaklara dayanarak, görüşmelerin "birkaç gündür" sürdüğünü ve iki tarafın temsilcilerinin bugün (Perşembe) Venezuela'ya döneceklerini bildirdi.
NRK, görüşmelerin Venezuela hükümetinin İletişim Bakanı Jorge Rodriguez ve Miranda Eyaleti'nin Valisi Hector Rodriguez tarafından yürütüldüğünü söyledi.
Devlet Başkanı Maduro Çarşamba günü televizyonda yaptığı açıklamada, Bakan Rodriguez'in "çok önemli bir misyon için yurt dışında olduğunu" söylemişti. Venezuela basını ise muhalefetin eski milletvekili Gerardo Blyde ve eski Bakan Fernando Martínez Mottola tarafından temsil edildiğini duyurdu.
Venezuela'da iki tarafı müzakere masasına oturtma çabaları daha önce başarısızlıkla sonuçlanmıştı. Norveç, geçmişte Kolombiya hükümeti ile solcu gerilla örgütü FARC (Kolombiya Devrimci Silahlı Güçleri) arasındaki çatışmaları sonlandırmakta başarıya ulaşmıştı. (Kaynak: BBC) Copyright © 2001 The International Herald Tribune | www.iht.com
IHT EXCLUSIVE Flying on Top of the World: A Radiation Risk
Thomas Crampton International Herald Tribune
Wednesday, May 23, 2001
HONG KONG Passengers and crew members flying on the recently inaugurated North Pole route between New York and Hong Kong are exposed to unusually high levels of cosmic and solar radiation, according to international experts, provoking concern among airline unions and scientists.
Passengers taking five round trips on the nonstop route could exceed maximum recommended levels for annual radiation doses that are set for the general population by the European Union and the Stockholm-based International Commission on Radiological Protection, according to three scientists who have studied the issue individually.
"A frequent flying executive who recently became pregnant should really think twice about flying this polar route," said Ian McAulay, a professor of experimental physics at Trinity College in Dublin, who helped draft the European Union's guidelines for in-flight radiation. "It would also be very useful for all frequent fliers to be informed about the risks."
The two airlines already using the transpolar route, which was inaugurated in March, have each rerouted at least two flights to more southerly paths to reduce radiation exposure. One, Continental Airlines, cited concern over passengers' health as the primary reason. The other, United Airlines, said it had acted to limit radio interference from solar radiation.
Any air travel involves greater exposure to cosmic and solar radiation than staying on the ground. That is because the air is thinner at high altitudes and provides less protection against the radiation that constantly bombards Earth from space.
The New York-Hong Kong flights involve even more exposure, scientists say, in large part because of higher radiation levels resulting from the magnetic attraction that the North Pole exerts on charged radioactive particles from space.
Continental, United and Cathay Pacific Airways, which plans to inaugurate its route in September, acknowledge that passengers on the route are subject to higher radiation exposure. But they say the health risk is very small.
"Under normal conditions, I do not think there is any greater health risk flying this route than any other route," said Gene Cameron, manager of international dispatch for United Airlines.
He added, however, that, during major solar storms, which produce flares releasing large radiation bursts, "I think we would have to relook at it, because you are getting more radiation than you would normally be subjected to."
Scientists and airline employees
|
31 | 6 | 2 |
اکید کرد که ثروت حدودا ۴۲۵ میلیارد دلاری این هشت نفر در حالی است که هنوز در دنیا از هر ۱۰ نفر یک نفر، روز خود را با کمتر از ۲ دلار شب می کند. جدول زیر، جزئیات تعداد افرادی را که ثروتشان برابر با ثروت ۵۰ درصد جمعیت جهان است نشان می دهد. Because PTSD is usually a delayed responses to events over which you had no control, it is nearly impossible to reduce your risk. However, you can reduce your risk for negative psychological consequences after experiencing trauma with a variety of lifestyle and psychiatric techniques.
- Seek out mental health counseling.
- Join a support group.
- Keep in touch with family and friends.
- Relocate to a safer neighborhood, if necessary.
- Join an alcohol or drug treatment program.
- Begin a regular exercise program.
- Get involved with your community.
Seek Mental Health Counseling
When you are dealing with the aftermath of a traumatic experience, counseling can help you to understand and deal with these feelings. Dealing with these feelings may help reduce the chances that you'll develop PTSD. There is a variety of styles of counseling available. Talk with your doctor about the best one for you.
Join a Support Group
Many communities have support groups for survivors of trauma. Groups can provide emotional support and understanding to help you cope with your feelings. It may feel awkward to meet new people and talk about yourself, but with regular attendance most people eventually feel more trusting and open.
Keep in Touch With Family and Friends
Work at improving your relationships with your partner or spouse, family, and friends. The mutual support will aid in your healing. You will feel more “normal” as you increase your social support.
For more information on increasing your social support, click here .
Relocate to a Safer Neighborhood
After surviving a trauma, you are likely to feel that the world is a dangerous place and that your chances of being harmed are high. If you live in a high-crime area, your beliefs and fears will be even worse. If possible, move to a quieter and safer neighborhood.
Join an Alcohol or Drug Treatment Program
Many survivors of trauma use alcohol or drugs to help them deal with or forget their feelings about the trauma. While this may seem to have some benefits in the short-term, it always makes things worse in the long-term. If you are using alcohol or drugs to cope with trauma, get help so that you can stop. A treatment program or group program is often the most effective way to stop using alcohol or drugs. Ask your doctor for referrals for treatment.
Begin a Regular Exercise Program
Exercise can provide a healthy outlet for your emotions, distract you from worries and disturbing memories, and help increase your self-esteem and feelings of control. Walking , jogging, swimming , weight lifting , and other forms of exercise can help reduce physical tension. Talk to your doctor before you start an exercise program.
For more information on starting a regular exercise program, click here .
Get Involved With Your Community
Get involved in a community activity such as volunteering, especially if you’re not working. Whether you choose to work with youth programs, the elderly, literacy programs, or hospital services, or to take part in community sports, it’s important to feel that you are making a contribution.
- Reviewer: Michael Woods, MD
- Review Date: 12/2014 -
- Update Date: 12/20/2014 - ظاهرا تنها قیمت بشکه های نفت نیست که در ما ه ها و روزهای کنونی روندی صعودی و شاید بازگشت ناپذیر را طی می کنند، شمار کشتگان گردباد میانمار(برمه) و زلزله چین که در روزهای گذشته اتفاق افتاده اند نیز دائما افزایش می یابد. نفت از مرز ۱۲۶ دلار در بشکه عبور کرده است ، در میانمار مرز ۱۳۰ هزار کشته پشت سر گذاشته شده و به ۲۰۰ هزار نزدیک می شویم، در حالی که در چین مرز ۱۵ هزار کشته طی شده و به سادگی به بیش از ۴۰ هزار نزدیک می شویم. آیا رابطه ای میان این ارقام وجود دارد؟ بیائیم تمثیلی را در نظر بگیریم: زمینی که بی رحمانه فشار انسان ها را بر خود تحمیل می کند، نفتی که به مصرف صنعتی کردن هر چه بیشتر جهان و تخریب هر چه بیشتر آن به وسیله انسان ها در جنون مصرف گرایی شان می رسد، درخت هایی که می سوزند، بیایان هایی که گسترش می یابند، آب ها و هوا هایی که ناآشامیدنی و غیر قابل استشمام می شوند، جوی که دائما آلوه تر شده و گرمایی که تمام خشکی های جهان و میلیاردها موجوداتی را که بر آنها زندگی می کنند را تهدید می کند و در این حال گفتمانی که همچنان بر آن اصرار دارد که انسان حق دارد برای تداوم بخشیدن به حیات خود تا بی نهایت، نه فقط موجودیت کنونی سایر ساکنان زنده و غیر زنده دیگر را در جهان تهدید کند، بلکه حتی شانس را برای نسل های بعدی نیز به حداقل برساند. این واقعیت ها را در یک سو در نپر بگیریم و در سوی دیگر انتقام همین زمین را ببینیم، انتقام از این موجودات انسانی در قالب فرود آوردن مصیبت بارترین «بلا های طبیعی» بر زندگی ایشان: سیل ها، خشکی ها، زلزله ها، گردباد ها، اپیدمی ها و بیماری های درمان ناپذیر: نبرد میان طبیعتی در همه اشکاش از خرد ترین اشکال ویروسی اش ( ایدز) گرفته تا کلان ترین آنها، اشعه های کیهانی که از لایه نازک شده اوزون می گذرند و انسان ها را به بدترین بیماری های کشنده مبتلا می کنند؛ انتقامی از تمام انسان ها و تمام ثروتی که آنها از خلال غارت بی رحمانه طبیعت به دست آورده اند. در این جنگ به ظاهر(البته تنها به ظاهر) تاکنون انسان ها پیروز بوده اند، اما متاسفانه چنانچه پیشینه بیولوژیک سایر موجوداتی را که در طول میلیاردها سال بر روی کره زمین زیسته اند را در نظر بگیریم نباید چندان نسبت به این امر خوش باور باشیم: شاید سرنوشتی نظیر دایناسورها و میلیون ها نوع زنده ای که طبیعت آنها را از میان برد تا خود باقی بماند در انتظار انسان ها نیز باشد. نظام های سیاسی – اقتصادی که انسان ها در اغلب نقاط جهان بر قرار کرده اند، امروز شبکه ای را ساخته اند که ما را به سوی فاجعه ای بزرگ هدایت می کند. و این در حالی است که در نقاطی از این شبکه هنوز ما حتی امکان دخالت هایی کوچک را نیز برای تغییر اوضاع در اختیار نداریم: همین دو مثال «بلای طبیعی» را در نظر بگیریم. چین کشوری است که اقتصاد دانان نولیبرال آن را به الگویی برای موفقیت مدل سرمایه داری حتی در چارچوب های غیر دموکراتیک مطرح می کنند، تصاویر زیبای شهرهای بزرگ چینی که ثروت حاصل از خصوصی کردن اقتصاد و آزاد گذاشتن ابتکارهای شخصی برای رشد و شکوفایی اقتصادی هر کس را می تواند به اشتباه بیاندازد و این در حالی است که جهان ترجیح می دهد چشم خود را بر موقعیت وحشیانه سرمایه داری چینی که یک دیکتاتوری سیاسی وحشتناک کمونیستی را با وحشیانه ترین نوع سرمایه داری از نوع قرن نوزدهمی با یکدیگر آمیخته، کشوری که کرانه های شرقی خود را به عرصه ای برای تاخت و تاز بی رویه همه سرمایه های جهانی در استفاده از فقر گسترده مردمانی تبدیل کرده که برای یک لقمه نان حاضرند همچون قرن نوزده، ساعات کار ۱۶ ساعته در شبانه روز را بر مردان و زنان و فرزندانشان تحمیل کنند و در ای
|
31 | 6 | 3 |
are beni, non per il loro bene, ma perché pensiamo che abbiano maggiori probabilità di essere desiderati da coloro con cui desideriamo scambiare. Questi beni possono essere classificati come 'mezzi di scambio'.
Non tutti i beni sono utili come tali. Se il bene non è durevole, l'attore non può essere certo che sarà ancora utile nel momento in cui vorrà scambiarlo in futuro. Se non è trasportabile, potrebbe non essere disponibile nel luogo in cui vuole commerciare in futuro. Se non è divisibile, potrebbe non essere disponibile nella quantità che vuole negoziare in futuro. Un attore sceglierà un bene che gestisca al meglio queste incertezze e che rimanga vendibile per un tempo, spazio e scala maggiori possibili. Come sottolinea Mises in The Theory of Money and Credit, «è inevitabile che i beni meno commerciabili di una serie di mezzi di scambio vengano uno dopo l'altro scartati, finché alla fine rimane un solo bene, universalmente impiegato come mezzo di scambio: in una parola, il denaro» [6].
Storicamente, questa competizione di mercato per il bene più vendibile si è concentrata sull'oro, a causa delle sue desiderabili proprietà fisiche: basso tasso di crescita dell'offerta, durata, malleabilità, ecc. Tuttavia, se queste proprietà erano vantaggiose all'epoca, evidentemente non sono state sufficienti nel lungo periodo.
Lo stato e le sue motivazioni
Le imprese produttive sono vincolate da mezzi economici pacifici, perché sono soggette alla proprietà privata, ai capricci della domanda dei consumatori e non possono ricorrere alla concorrenza se non per migliorarsi riducendo i costi di produzione e aumentando la qualità. Lo stato, invece, non ha questi vincoli. In quanto monopolio territoriale del processo decisionale finale, opera con mezzi coercitivi. Gli individui e le imprese sono costretti a pagare per la sua esistenza attraverso la tassazione e altre forme di espropriazione, una dimostrazione a priori del fatto che lo stato non fornisce servizi effettivamente richiesti da operazioni di mercato pacifiche. L'esproprio normativo e fiscale non solo fornisce allo stato una rendita, ma gli fornisce anche un meccanismo per limitare la concorrenza.
Tuttavia, come spiega Hans-Hermann Hoppe, la violenza da sola non può spiegare il successo continuo di uno stato, che deve affrontare un altro tipo di vincolo, quello dell'opinione pubblica. [7] Perché possa operare come fa
...uno stato deve avere il sostegno dell'opinione pubblica oltre alla forza coercitiva. La maggioranza della popolazione deve accettare le sue operazioni come legittime. Questa accettazione può variare dall'entusiasmo attivo alla rassegnazione passiva. Ma l'accettazione deve essere nel senso che la maggioranza deve aver rinunciato all'idea di resistere attivamente o passivamente a qualsiasi tentativo di imporre acquisizioni di proprietà non produttive e non contrattuali. Invece di mostrare indignazione per queste azioni, di mostrare disprezzo per tutti coloro che le intraprendono e di non fare nulla per contribuire al loro successo (per non parlare del tentativo attivo di ostacolarle), la maggioranza deve sostenerle attivamente o passivamente. L'opinione pubblica che sostiene lo stato deve controbilanciare la resistenza dei proprietari di immobili vittimizzati in modo tale che la resistenza attiva appaia futile. L'obiettivo dello stato, quindi, ma anche di ogni dipendente statale che voglia contribuire a garantire e migliorare la propria posizione all'interno dello stato, è e deve essere quello di massimizzare la ricchezza e il reddito acquisiti con lo sfruttamento, producendo un'opinione pubblica favorevole e creando legittimità.
Per questo motivo, lo stato ha un desiderio naturale di limitare la concorrenza che può minacciare la sua legittimità, così come di ridistribuire 'parte della sua ricchezza ottenuta con la coercizione, a persone al di fuori dell'apparato statale, cercando così di corromperle affinché assumano ruoli di supporto allo stato'. Lo stato mira innanzitutto alla monopolizzazione della legge e della sicurezza, come mezzo per eseguire e far rispettare l'espropriazione, nonostante l'aggressione ai diritti di proprietà naturale. Un altro obiettivo chiave è l'istruzione, in modo da inculcare nella cittadinanza il sostegno ideologico allo stato e alle sue azioni.
Il potere dello Stato moderno si basa sulla monopolizzazione di una particolare industria: quella monetaria e bancaria.
La monopolizzazione del denaro e delle banche è l'ultimo pilastro su cui poggia lo stato moderno. Anzi, probabilmente è diventato lo strumento più caro per aumentare le entrate statali. In nessun altro luogo, infatti, lo stato può stabilire una connessione tra redistribuzione-spesa e sfruttamento-rendimento in modo più diretto, rapido e sicuro che monopolizzando il denaro e le banche.
Se uno stato riesce a stabilire una moneta a corso fisso completamente monopolizzata, può contraffarla a piacimento. Attraverso l'inflazione monetaria sotto forma di contraffazione (producendo più unità monetarie senza un'offerta aggiuntiva del bene sottostante), può ridistribuire indirettamente la ricchezza dall'economia a se stesso a basso costo e senza temere la bancarotta.
Tuttavia, Hoppe sottolinea che ci sono ostacoli al processo di monopolizzazione del denaro. In primo luogo, la moneta (intesa come materia prima) è prodotta dal mercato, piuttosto che dallo stato. In secondo luogo, sebbene l'inflazione non sia così evidente come la tassazione, sarà comunque percepita e notata, soprattutto dalle banche. Pertanto lo stato è limitato tra le sue funzioni di originare moneta-materia-prima e dall'ideologia pubblica, 'e quindi è anche impossibile per lo stato farla franca con la contraffazione istituzionalizzata, a meno che non possa essere combinata con misure redistributive che siano in grado di portare un altro cambiamento favorevole nell'opinione pubblica'.
Con l'oro come scelta storica del libero mercato per la moneta, lo stato ha cercato di sfruttare le sue vulnerabilità, in particolare la sua mancanza di vendibilità dovuta alle sue qualità fisiche che non sono in grado di alleviare l'incertezza economica.
L'oro non ha risolto il problema
Hoppe inizia a tracciare il processo di monopolizzazione:
In una prima fase, la coniazione dell'oro deve essere monopolizzata dallo stato. Questo serve a deinternazionalizzare psicologicamente l'oro, spostando l'accento dall'oro denominato in termini di peso universale all'oro denominato in termini di etichette fiat. E rimuove un primo importante ostacolo alla contraffazione, perché dà allo stato i mezzi istituzionali per arricchirsi attraverso un processo sistematico di svalutazione della moneta
Sebbene l'oro abbia molte proprietà fondamentali di una moneta, la verifica dell'oro ricevuto negli scambi è molto costosa. Dato il valore che un bene deve necessariamente avere se è un mezzo di scambio generalmente accettato, non è solo lo stato a voler contraffare la moneta. Tutti i pagamenti ricevuti dovrebbero essere sospetti. Mentre alcuni test di base possono essere fatti da un individuo normale, nessuno di questi processi avviene in modo automatico. Nel peggiore dei casi, soprattutto per i pagamenti di importo elevato, per avere la certezza di possedere davvero l'oro che si crede di aver ricevuto è necessario effettuare analisi chimiche molto costose, che richiedono professionisti qualificati e attrezzature sofisticate. Il metodo standard più elevato è il saggio a fuoco o coppellazione, che richiede la fusione dell'oro per pesarlo e rifonderlo. [8] Ciò significa che sia l'acquirente che il venditore non possono essere certi che lo scambio sia avvenuto. Il venditore di un bene non può essere certo di ricevere in pagamento l'intera (o una qualsiasi) somma d'oro, e l'acquirente non può sapere che non sta usando denaro falso dopo essere stato frodato in una precedente transazione.
In passato questa incertezza era ridotta al minimo da una zecca, che poteva produrre monete d'oro standardizzate di una certa qualità e con un design riconoscibile e familiare che poteva persino aiutare una persona a capire se era stata manomessa, come ad esempio le creste sulla parte esterna che sarebbero state levigate se qualcuno avesse provato a limare la moneta. Queste zecche guadagnavano un signoraggio fissando il prezzo delle monete a un livello superiore rispetto alla reale composizione del metallo. Allo stesso tempo, la fiducia nella zecca poteva essere abusata. Le zecche potevano ritirare le monete dalla circolazione, diminuire la composizione effettiva dell'oro e dell'argento e poi reintrodurre le monete con lo stesso prezzo, guadagnando così più signoraggio dallo svilimento delle stesse monete. Potrebbero anche emettere più monete di quanto la quantità effettiva di metallo consenta. Le zecche centralizzate alleviano l'incertezza sulla qualità del bene, ma solo introducendo un sistema centralizzato altamente affidabile, che introduce incertezza sulla reale quantità di metallo nelle monete che vengono detenute e fatte circolare, e per estensione sulla reale massa monetaria dell'intera economia. Poiché l'oro è decentralizzato come merce, non c'è la possibilità di controllare l'economia nel suo complesso.
In secondo luogo, l'uso di sostituti del denaro al posto dell'oro vero e proprio deve essere sistematicamente incoraggiato e tale tendenza deve essere sostenuta dalla promulgazione di leggi sul corso legale. Il processo di contraffazione diventa così molto meno costoso. Invece di dover ristampare l'oro, si devono stampare solo biglietti di carta.
Il costo del deposito e del trasporto di un bene ne riduce la vendibilità a causa dell'incertezza sulla sicurezza del bene fino a quando non sarà utilizzato e sulla possibilità di consegnarlo al momento dello scambio. A causa del peso dell'oro, sia la conservazione che il trasporto aumentano di costo rispetto al valore dell'oro. Il deposito a lungo termine è meglio affidarlo a terzi che possono permettersi la migliore tecnologia di caveau per prevenire i furti. Il trasporto fisico richiede veicoli di grandi dimensioni e manodopera. Poiché i furti si verificano anche durante il trasporto, è necessario prevedere misure difensive per far fronte al rischio di rapine in autostrada, pirati e altri criminali. Il trasporto, inoltre, richiede tempo. Infine, la fisicità dell'oro limita anche la sua vendibilità su scala ridotta. Se un'economia basata sull'oro diventasse troppo ricca, sarebbe difficile regolare gli atomi fisici di oro.
Le banche hanno risolto questo problema emettendo sostituti del denaro sotto forma di certificati cartacei. Ancora una volta, solo attraverso terze parti fidate l'oro poteva diventare più vendibile. Le banche potevano conservare l'oro in modo sicuro e le persone potevano trasferire le banconote di carta in modo molto più veloce, facile ed economico, indipendentemente dal valore. Tuttavia, questo lascia ancora incertezze sulla validità delle banconote di carta in quanto tali e sul fatto che queste rappresentino effettivamente l'oro in un caveau. L'inflazione diventa molto più facile e accessibile a qualsiasi presunto custode dell'oro. Le banche possono essere sottoposte a revisione, ma non in modo indipendente, per cui i clienti, se scelgono di servirsi di una banca (cosa praticamente necessaria se desiderano impegnarsi in un certo livello di commercio), devono sempre fidarsi che il loro oro sia gestito correttamente. Quindi, anche con una banca solvibile, l'accesso all'oro rimane dipendente da una terza parte.
Una volta che le banche hanno adottato moneta sostitutiva dell'oro, gli stati possono iniziare ad adottare leggi sul corso legale per aumentare la loro capacità di contraffazione. Il passo successivo è quello di cartellizzare l'industria bancaria attraverso la creazione di una banca centrale. Una volta fatto questo,
lo Stato deve imporre a tutte le banche di depositare il proprio oro presso la banca centrale e di svolgere la propria attività esclusivamente con sostituti del denaro anziché con l'oro. In questo modo l'oro scompare dal mercato come mezzo di scambio effettivamente utilizzato e le transazioni quotidiane diventano sempre più caratterizzate dall'uso di banconote della banca centrale.
A questo punto, il gold standard è tale solo nel nome. La cittadinanza ha una moneta che è più vendibile su molte dimensioni nello spazio e nella scala. In teoria, queste soluzioni potrebbero essere realizzate da entità private che rispettano i diritti dei loro clienti. Tuttavia, la tendenza alla centralizzazione permette allo stato di sfruttare questa situazione per i propri vantaggi inflazionistici e di contraffazione. Le banche sono tentate dal controllo statale a causa dei vantaggi che traggono dal regime di contraffazione. Ora sia lo stato che le banche diventano i primi destinatari della nuova moneta stampata. Conosciuto come effetto Cantillon [9], questi primi destinatari spendono il denaro prima che l'economia possa adeguare i prezzi per riflettere la variazione dell'offerta di moneta.
L'ideologia pubblica a sostegno di questo sistema di moneta fiat viene quindi da due punti di vista. In primo luogo, il fatto che la tecnologia sottostante è per molti versi un miglioramento nella creazione di una moneta più vendibile, nonostante il fatto che il suo potenziale di libero mercato sia ora cooptato e monopolizzato dallo stato. In secondo luogo, lo stato può sfruttare questa situazione come un vantaggio, accreditandosi come la fonte dei benefici economici che vediamo dai suoi effetti, e nascondendo i costi della contraffazione sull'economia. Dato che le banche sono naturalmente una delle istituzioni più potenti di un'economia, grazie al loro ruolo vitale nel facilitare l'attività economica, esse forniscono ulteriore legittimità e risorse all'affermazione di un'ideologia pubblica che difende il ruolo ingiusto dello stato nell'ordine monetario che ne consente la continuazione. Non sorprende quindi che poche persone istruite abbiano sentito il nome di Ludwig von Mises durante i loro studi.
L'ordine mondiale fiat
Molto è stato scritto su ciò che è accaduto nel 1971 e dopo. In quell'anno il popolo americano, insieme a chiunque dipenda dalla federal reserve a livello globale, fu sottoposto a un esperimento monetario fiat completo. Il lettore è invitato a leggere 'Banking, nation states, and international politics" di Hans-Hermann Hoppe per uno studio più approfondito della costruzione di questo ordine mondiale fiat.
In particolare, l'ordine mondiale a moneta fiat incoraggia gli stati
|
31 | -1 | 0 |
pathogens that cause contamination.
What can stop a gamma ray?
Gamma rays are a radiation hazard for the entire body. They can easily penetrate barriers that can stop alpha and beta particles, such as skin and clothing. Gamma rays have so much penetrating power that several inches of a dense material like lead, or even a few feet of concrete may be required to stop them.
What is the most penetrating radiation?
How do you create gamma rays?
There are several physical processes that generate cosmic gamma rays:A high-energy particle can collide with another particle.A particle can collide and annihilate with its anti-particle.An element can undergo radioactive decay.A charged particle can be accelerated.
What are the 3 types of radioactivity?
Physicists have called the three types of radiations emitted by nuclei, alpha, beta and gamma, the three first letters of the greek alphabet. This naming convention of the three types of radiation has been in use since their discovery, and still applies today.
What is the symbol for gamma decay?
Alpha, beta and gamma
|Type of radiation||Greek symbol||Charge|
What are the 5 types of radioactive decay?
There are 5 different types of radioactive decay.Alpha decay follows the form: Beta negative decay follows the form: Gamma decay follows the form: Positron emission (also called Beta positive decay) follows the form: Electron capture follows the form:
Which emission is the most massive?
The emission of alpha particles is a property of the heaviest nuclei, such as uranium 238 with its 92 protons and 136 neutrons the heaviest natural nucleus observed.
What element is produced if u 238 undergoes gamma decay?
For example, the decay chain that begins with Uranium-238 culminates in Lead-206, after forming intermediates such as Uranium-234, Thorium-230, Radium-226, and Radon-222. Also called the “decay series.”. Each series has its own unique decay chain. The decay products within the chain are always radioactive. با اعلام فابریتزیو رومانو، پس از ناکامی پرتغال در جام جهانی ۲۰۲۲ حذف برابر مراکش در مرحله یک چهارم نهایی، مسئولان فوتبال این کشور فرناندو سانتوس ۶۸ ساله را از هدایت این تیم برکنار کردند.
رومانو ۴ روز پیش نیز از برکناری احتمالی این سرمربی خبر داده بود. Can solids be pumped?
Large solids are found in many pumping applications. Some examples of common solid-laden fluids are trash, debris, and rocks. The ability of a pump to handle these types of solids is crucial when choosing a pump for large solids applications.
What is a solids-handling pumps?
Solids-handling pumps are a centrifugal end-suction pump design. They combine a volute-type casing and an impeller with large internal clearances designed to pass the type of solids commonly seen in wastewater.
What is a dry pit pump?
A dry pit is a below-grade structure located adjacent to a below-grade sump for holding a liquid such as wastewater. The dry pit is the mechanical room where pumps are installed to pump the liquid out of the adjacent sump. The pumps installed into a dry pit are called dry pit pumps, solids-handling pumps, or non-clogs.
What is the use of a solid with a high density?
High-density solids and their transport Within industrial plants many substances with a high proportion of solids – such as mechanically dewatered sewage sludges, filter cakes, bituminous coal sludges, waste and process sludges – have to be transported over relatively long distances to landfills or incineration plants.
Can centrifugal pumps handle solids?
Two approaches can be taken when it comes to the basic centrifugal pump design for fluids containing solids and abrasive particles. To use a hard, wear-resistant material for the internal components such as PE or chrome.
Which pump can handle solids slurries pastes and many liquid?
The EDDY Pump is the premiere pump available for applications in the chemical industry. This pump is well suited for applications that include slurries, high viscous fluids, abrasive and corrosive media, and liquids containing large solid material and fibrous matter.
What is a powder pump?
Powder Pumps were specifically designed to move bulk solids more effectively throughout your process. They are a cost effective replacement for Augers and Conveyors and eliminate unsafe and labor intensive means of moving bulk powders.
How does a screw pump work?
Screw pumps operate using two counter-rotating screw rotors which are engineered so that they rotate “towards each other”. This traps the gas in the space between the “screws” of their rotors. As the screws rotate, this trapped volume decreases which not only compresses the gas but moves it towards the exhaust.
Do solids density?
In solids atoms are closely spaced in comparison to those of liquids and gases. That’s why density of solid is higher.
What are solids-handling pumps used for?
Solids-handling pumps are commonly used for wastewater applications, raw-water intake pump stations, flood control, and dewatering. What are Solids-Handling Pumps?
What are solsolids-handling pumps?
Solids-handling pumps are typically construction of cast iron components, a steel pump shaft, and stainless steel wear rings and shaft sleeves. However, stainless steel impellers are a common upgrade due to the abrasive character of wastewater.
What size sump pump do I need for solid waste?
Sump Pumps for Water with Small Solids Use these pumps at temperatures up to 200° F. Also known as effluent pumps, they accommodate solids up to 3/4″ in diameter. They’re often used with liquid waste that has passed through a septic tank, so most solids are removed.
What is an LG sump pump?
Lg. Use these pumps to move higher volumes of water with solids than other sump pumps. They activate when plugged in; add a plug-in switch to control when the pump activates. Also known as effluent pumps, they accommodate solids up to 3/4″ in diameter. Beijing to toughen vehicle pollution standards by 2017
Beijing plans to ramp up its already tough car emission standards by 2017 in a bid by one of the world's most polluted cities to improve its often hazardous air quality.
The document did not specify any enforcement measures, but said the standards would cut emissions from passenger vehicles and diesel trucks by as much as half.
Vehicle emissions account for 31 percent of Beijing's PM 2.5, a measure of breathable airborne pollution. The city has been at the forefront of the "war on pollution" launched by the central government last year after hazardous smog build-ups raised questions about the impact of China's industrial growth.
The environmental protection bureau said Beijing currently has more than 5.5 million vehicles, with 600,000 new vehicles introduced every year, and that half would be compliant with the new Beijing standards within five years.
Beijing already has closed three of its four coal-fired power plants, relocated dozens of industrial plants and has taken thousands of old vehicles off the road. The surrounding province of Hebei also has set targets to shut down outdated steel capacity and cut coal consumption.
Concentrations of PM 2.5 reached an average of 85.9 micrograms per cubic meter in Beijing last year, significantly higher than the official state standard of 35 micrograms or the World Health Organization's recommended 15 micrograms. Daily Mail'de yer alan haberde, Kobani'de savaşan Rehana'nın IŞİD militanları tarafından öldürüldüğü iddia edildi.
Zafer işareti yaptığı fotoğrafı Twitter'da binlerce retweet alınca YPJ'nin poster kızı olarak adlandırılan Rehana takma isimli kadın 100 IŞİD militanı öldürdüğünü söylemişti.
Twitter'da dolaşan bir fotoğraf, bir IŞİD militanının kesik bir kadın başı tutan pozunu gösteriyor. Fotoğrafın gerçekliği henüz doğrulanmadı. YPG veya YPJ'den de konuyla ilgili bir açıklama yapılmadı. IWTC Women's GlobalNet #312
Activities and Initiatives of Women Worldwide
December 5, 2006
By Sofia Binioris, Mavic Cabrera-Balleza, Sylvia Braun and Lilla Osztrovszki
MARKING 16 YEARS OF 16 DAYS OF ACTIVISM AGAINST GENDER VIOLENCE
Nov 25 to Dec 10, 2006
The theme for the 16th anniversary of the 16 Days of Activism Against Gender Violence Campaign is “Celebrate 16 Years of 16 Days: Advance Human Rights -- End Violence Against Women.” Originating from the first Women’s Global Leadership Institute that was sponsored by the Centre for Women’s Global Leadership (CWGL) in 1991, this annual campaign begins on the International Day Against Violence Against Women (Nov 25) and ends on International Human Rights Day (Dec 10) to form a symbolic link between violence against women and human rights. This 16-day period includes other significant dates, such as International Women Human Rights Defenders Day (Nov 29), World AIDS Day (Dec 1) and the Anniversary of the Montreal Massacre (Dec 6). Since its inception in 1991, some 1,700 organizations in 130 countries have organized during these 16 days to call for the elimination of all forms of violence against women.
For more information, visit: http://www.cwgl.rutgers.edu/16days/about.html
UN SUPPORTS 16 DAYS CAMPAIGN
In his message for the International Day Against Violence Against Women, UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan observed, “Violence against women causes untold misery, harms families across generations, and impoverishes communities. It stops women from fulfilling their potential, restricts economic growth, and undermines development. When it comes to violence against women, there are no civilized societies… Together, we must work to create an environment where violence against women is not tolerated… On this International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, let all of us – men and women alike – join forces in this mission.” This statement from Secretary-General Annan also follows two important recent reports issued by the UN regarding violence against women and children. As reported on in GlobalNet 310, the Secretary General’s “In-Depth Study on All Forms of Violence Against Women,” which was released only a few weeks ago, was the first of its kind to be emerge from such a high level within the UN. Similarly, the recent “Report of the Independent Expert for the United Nations Study on Violence Against Children,” also a first-of-its-kind in its direct engagement with children, focused significantly on violence against the girl child.
The UN, through a number of its agencies including UNFPA and UNHCR, is organizing events for the 16-days under the theme of Gender-Based Violence. Activities organized to highlight under-reported issues include bride-napping, breast-ironing, the epidemic of traumatic fistula (tearing of the tissues between the birth canal from the bowel and/or the bladder often caused by gang rape), ongoing femicide, and child marriage. Other events will focus on the continued plight of women migrants.
For a copy of Kofi Annan’s full message, visit: www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2006/sgsm10738.doc.htm
For more information on UN events, visit:
Also, the upcoming GlobalNet will include listings of UN and UN-related events.
GLOBAL INITIATIVES DURING THE 16 DAYS CAMPAIGN
Amnesty International’s “Shelter Stories”
Drawing attention to the statistic that “at least 1 in 3 women has been beaten, coerced into sex, or otherwise abused in her lifetime,” Amnesty International has launched a project to enable individual action against domestic violence during the 16 Days Campaign. The Shelter Stories project kicked off on Amnesty’s website on Nov 25 and will feature shelters for domestic violence survivors from a different country on each day of the campaign. Visitors to the website will be urged to “tell the world about this human rights scandal and make governments act on their obligations to women” by writing letters on behalf of shelters in France, Paraguay, Georgia, Mongolia, Russia, Canada, South Africa, Ireland, Bahrain, Belgium, Venezuela, Denmark, Gulf of Cooperation Council, Turkey, USA, and Pakistan.
“Take Back the Tech” Campaign
The Association for Progressive Communications Women’s Networking Support Program has launched a three-year “Take Back the Tech” campaign to promote the creative use of all forms of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) for activism against Violence Against Women (VAW). The first leg of the campaign is taking place during the ongoing 16 Days campaign and will include all online technologies that are used for emailing, chatting, blogging, developing websites and tools.
One way to participate is to craft a ‘postcard’ describing how ICTs and VAW connect in one’s own experience. The postcards should include the statement: If I had…” (use or control over a certain kind of ICT), “I could…” (do something concrete about your experience of violence against women). Examples: (1) “If I had a phone, I could call someone when he hits my mother;” (2) “If I had knowledge on how to track online users, I could find out who has been harassing me on these forums;” (3) “If I had a video camera, I could make erotica for women instead.” Postcards can be sent to [email protected] and will be featured on the website.
Organizations interested in participating in the campaign can (1) Carry the campaign logo on their website linking to www.takebackthetech.net; (2) Translate the call into local languages and disseminate it to their networks; (3) Ask other organizations to sign on to the campaign; and (4) Send the call out to other networks/ individuals.
For more information, visit: www.takebackthetech.net
REGIONAL INITIATIVES DURING THE 16 DAYS CAMPAIGN
ASIA and ASIA PACIFIC
Fiji – FemLINKpacific
FemLINKpacific is dedicating much of its media and radio work during the 16 Days Campaign to the theme of violence against women. Its Young Women’s Weekend Radio Broadcasts is featuring special segments on this topic over Dec 2 and 3, while FemLINK will broadcast from the office of the Fiji Disabled People’s Association (FDPA), an organization that advocates for the use of appropriate and accessible ICTs. Two visually impaired community radio volunteers from the FDPA women’s committee will co-host a broadcast about the double discrimination faced by women with disabilities. FemLINK will also produce two policy-based segments, featuring women’s advocate Angie Chand, on Fiji’s National Policy on Disability and the issue of e-accessibility. On Nov 30, FemLINK hosted a peace vigil where messages from women were recorded for the following weekend’s broadcast (Dec 9 and 10) when FemLINK also plans to record and broadcast messages of solidarity from the NGO Coalition on Human Rights Network.
For
|
31 | -1 | 1 |
��一种药物硫喷妥钠在其欧洲供应商屈服于死刑对手的压力并停止制造时无法使用。 但戊巴比妥目前供不应求，因为丹麦制造商表示将试图阻止其用于处决。
一名俄克拉荷马州的囚犯周二要求联邦法院停止他即将执行死刑，因为该州只剩下一剂戊巴比妥。 迈克尔胡珀的一名律师表示，如果该药不能使胡珀失去意识，那么俄克拉荷马州就没有备用计划，这就产生了残忍和不寻常的惩罚风险。
德克萨斯州官员在5月份表示，他们有足够剂量的戊巴比妥进行23次处决。 从那以后，没有人在该州被处决。
在三种药物鸡尾酒中，德克萨斯州官员给予5克药物 - 约3.4盎司 - 使囚犯失去意识，接着是肌肉松弛剂泮库溴铵和氯化钾以阻止心脏。 Pancuronium bromide是过期的药物。
刑事司法部发言人杰森克拉克说，官员们并不认为戊巴比妥的剂量需要随新程序而改变。
据死刑信息中心称，其他四个州 - 亚利桑那州，爱达荷州，俄亥俄州和华盛顿州 - 使用单一药物进行处决。 2011年3月，俄亥俄州是第一个使用戊巴比妥的人。
其他州，如密苏里州，计划使用异丙酚（一种因迈克尔·杰克逊去世而被指责的麻醉剂）进行单药处决。
死刑对手声称单药处决可能不那么人性化。 他们指出4月份在亚利桑那州被处决，一名囚犯在接受致命剂量的戊巴比妥后震动了几秒钟。 在这种情况下，药物本身就被使用了。
总部设在华盛顿的死刑信息中心的执行董事理查德•迪特（Richard Dieter）表示，三种药物鸡尾酒比戊巴比妥这样的单一麻醉剂杀死速度更快。
迪恩说：“这个人仍然会睡觉并逐渐失去心理能力而死亡，但这可能需要稍长的时间。” “我认为这个想法最初是为了快速导致死亡，但是你需要麻醉剂来使接下来的两种药物无痛。”
自1982年国家恢复死刑以来，德克萨斯州执行死刑的次数比其他任何州都要多482次。下一次预定的致命注射是7月18日，当时Yokamon Hearn将因从北部普莱诺杀死一名23岁的股票经纪人而死亡。达拉斯，1998年。
赫恩的律师理查德伯尔说，他正在研究转向单一药物，还没有决定是否提出反对意见。
从现在到11月中旬，德克萨斯有9次处决，其中包括Hearn's。 克拉克说现在改用单药方法将确保所有方法都能按计划进行。
迪特说德克萨斯州的转变可能影响其他州，并提供更多的证据证明单药程序是否比以前的方法效果更好。
“无论哪种方式，它都提供了更多的证据证明这是或不是要走的路，”迪特说。 “每个人都认为德克萨斯州是领先的执行国。这是一个数字问题。”
___
美联社记者肖恩墨菲在俄克拉荷马城为本报告做出了贡献。 Hi, Suppose an infinitely long round bar made of steel of 25 mm diameter, which is traveling at a speed of 10 m/sec. The bar is at a temperature of 950 degrees Celsius. I need to find out how much water (liters per minute or liters per second) do I need to put in contact with the bar in order to cool its surface to 900 degrees Celsius. I would like to know about formula(s) in order to have a theoretical approach to the solution of this problem. Thank you. ترجمه فارسی توضیحات (ترجمه ماشینی)
آزادی بیان، “امتیاز عزیز مردم”: مبارزات برای آزادی بیان در تاریخ آمریکا (درگیری های قانون اساسی)
ایده های مدرن در مورد حمایت از آزادی بیان در ایالات متحده، همانطور که بسیاری فکر می کردند، در پرونده های دادگاه عالی قرن بیستم سرچشمه نمی گرفت. آزادی بیان، “امتیاز عزیز مردم” با بررسی مبارزات مردمی برای آزادی بیان که در تاریخ آمریکا امتداد دارد، این تصور غلط را رد می کند. مایکل کنت کورتیس بر مبارزاتی تمرکز می کند که در آن افراد عادی و غیرعادی، مردان و زنان، سیاه و سفید، خواستار آزادی بیان و مبارزه برای آزادی بیان در طول دوره از سال 1791 بودند – زمانی که منشور حقوق بشر و اولین متمم آن فقط دولت فدرال را ملزم به حمایت از آن می کرد. آزادی بیان – تا سال 1868، زمانی که متمم چهاردهم به دنبال گسترش این دستور به ایالت ها بود. یک فصل بررسی نیز گنجانده شده است تا داستان را به روز کند. کورتیس سه مبارزه سیاسی حیاتی را تجزیه و تحلیل می کند: مناقشه ای که در مورد قانون فتنه 1798 وجود داشت، که این سؤال را مطرح کرد که آیا انتقاد از مقامات منتخب می تواند گفتار محافظت شده باشد. نبرد علیه برده داری، که این سوال را مطرح کرد که آیا آمریکایی ها در انتقاد از یک شر بزرگ اخلاقی، اجتماعی و سیاسی آزاد خواهند بود؟ و بحث بر سر سخنرانی ضد جنگ در طول جنگ داخلی. بسیاری از مسائل سخنرانی که توسط این مناقشات مطرح شد، در نهایت در خارج از عرصه قضایی – در کنگره، در مجالس قانونگذاری ایالتی، و شاید مهمتر از همه، در بحث و مناظره عمومی تصمیم گیری شد. کورتیس معتقد است که پیشنهادات مدرن برای تغییر دکترین آزادی بیان را می توان در پرتو این تاریخ اغلب نادیده گرفته شده مورد بررسی قرار داد. این تاریخ گستردهتر نشان میدهد که سیاستمداران، فعالان، شهروندان عادی – و بعداً دادگاهها – بر درک آمریکاییها از آزادی بیان داشتهاند. این تحقیق تاریخی روشنگرانه و غنی، با پر کردن شکافی در تاریخ حقوقی، برای دانشجویان و دانشجویان ارزشمند خواهد بود. محققان حقوق، تاریخ ایالات متحده، و علوم سیاسی، و همچنین برای خوانندگان عمومی علاقه مند به آزادی های مدنی و آزادی بیان.
Modern ideas about the protection of free speech in the United States did not originate in twentieth-century Supreme Court cases, as many have thought. Free Speech, “The People’s Darling Privilege” refutes this misconception by examining popular struggles for free speech that stretch back through American history. Michael Kent Curtis focuses on struggles in which ordinary and extraordinary people, men and women, black and white, demanded and fought for freedom of speech during the period from 1791—when the Bill of Rights and its First Amendment bound only the federal government to protect free expression—to 1868, when the Fourteenth Amendment sought to extend this mandate to the states. A review chapter is also included to bring the story up to date.Curtis analyzes three crucial political struggles: the controversy that surrounded the 1798 Sedition Act, which raised the question of whether criticism of elected officials would be protected speech; the battle against slavery, which raised the question of whether Americans would be free to criticize a great moral, social, and political evil; and the controversy over anti-war speech during the Civil War. Many speech issues raised by these controversies were ultimately decided outside the judicial arena—in Congress, in state legislatures, and, perhaps most importantly, in public discussion and debate. Curtis maintains that modern proposals for changing free speech doctrine can usefully be examined in the light of this often ignored history. This broader history shows the crucial effect that politicians, activists, ordinary citizens—and later the courts—have had on the American understanding of free speech.Filling a gap in legal history, this enlightening, richly researched historical investigation will be valuable for students and scholars of law, U.S. history, and political science, as well as for general readers interested in civil liberties and free speech. N42-2011 Radiation Portal Monitor
ANSI/IEEE N42.42 Standard project
This document is an example of output from gross counting radiation portal monitor (RM).
- The RPM has four gamma and two a neutron radiation detectors, named according to DNDO conventions (e.g., Aa1, Ba1).
- Each of the gamma radiation detectors has three energy windows.
- The detectors are sampled every 100 ms.
- The document represents one non-alarmed occupancy, consisting of seven time slices: the RPM is occupied in the third, fourth, and fifth slices; the first and second, and sixth and seventh slices are pre- and post-occupancy data.
- In addition, the same example is provided with an additional fragment and shows the <AnalysisResults> element resulting from an alarmed occupancy, with both a gamma alarm (from three detect
|
31 | -1 | 2 |
2nd (above left) describes an uprising by the slaves –This 24 hours light winds and hazey weather at 1/2 past 3 am found the slaves was intending to rise got all under arms and soon got them quited tho a great numb~ of them had broken there irons came on board Capt. Johnstons people to our assistance at 6 am got some of them up and got them secured found out 20 of which was the ring leasders which was well flogged washed slaves –From Bristol Central Reference Library. [email protected]
The Selling of Slaves
*The history of the Maroons primarily is the saga of Africans who refused to live in slavery, and it begins on the island of Jamaica with the fleeing of the Spanish in 1655. The name Maroon is the British corruption of the Spanish cimarrones, meaning wild or untamed. Living in inaccessible regions of Jamaica, the numbers of the Maroons grew as more and more runaway slaves, this time from the new British plantations, flocked to their cause, and with their continual raiding of the British plantations, they rapidly became a thorn in the side of the British colonists. Unique among all Africans that were brought to the New World as slaves, the Maroons earned for themselves an autonomy that no other African slaves could. (Wikipedia) In 1795-6 the Maroons of Jamaica revolted against the colonial government. The revolt failed. At the request of Jamaica about six hundred Maroons were then transported to Nova Scotia and given assistance in settling here. In 1800 virtually all of them emigrated to Sierra Leone. (www.gov.ns.ca/nsarm/virtual/africanns/ch3.asp?Language=English)
**In 1839, Africans being carried aboard La Amistad from Havana, Cuba, to Puerto Principe, Cuba, were led by fellow captive Joseph Cinqué in a revolt against their captors. Their transport from Africa to the Americas was illegal, and they were fraudulently described as having been born in Cuba. After the revolt, the Africans demanded to be returned home, but the ship’s navigator deceived them about their course, and sailed them north along the North American coast to Long Island, New York. The schooner was subsequently taken into custody by the United States Navy; and the Africans, who were deemed salvage from the vessel, were taken to Connecticut to be sold as slaves. There ensued a widely publicized court case about the ship and the legal status of the African captives. This incident figured prominently in abolitionism in the United States. On March 9 1840, Associate Justice Joseph Story delivered the Court’s decision. Article IX of Pinckney’s Treaty was ruled off topic since the Africans in question were never legal property. They were not criminals, as the U.S. Attorney’s Office argued, but, rather, “unlawfully kidnapped, and forcibly and wrongfully carried on board a certain vessel”. The surviving 36 Africans travelled back to Africa early in 1842. (wikipedia) Art Deco Artist Demetre Haralamb Chiparus (1889 to 1947)
Demetre Chiparus is one of the most eminent and recognisable sculptors of the The Art Deco period.
His Art Deco sculptures stand as a true representation of Art Deco style, the Folies Bergere, flappers and the age of Jazz.
Today his works are much sought after by any collector with an opulent eye and admired and desired by keen Art Deco collectors with deep pockets.
Genuine Chiparus sculptures are rare and can fetch significant sums at auction.
The video below features Chiparus’ The Finale, sold at auction by Bonhams in 2013.
However, the most important aspect of the video is that it allows potential Chiparus collectors to examine the actual quality in Chiparus’ work.
Originally named Dimitri; Chiparus was born in Dorohoi, Romania (close to the Ukrainian border), into a reasonably wealthy family.
However, for most of his life and career, he lived and worked in the French capital city of Paris. A mecca for art and artists in the early 1900’s and the post-war roaring decadence of the twenties.
His sculptures are characterised by exquisite modelling of the female form, combining highly decorative and elaborate details with alluring touches of Art Deco style.
His slender long-legged and very life like figures feature glowing faces of crisp white ivory, above sensual and glamorously decorated outfits, inspired by the artists and dancers from Parisienne theatres, the Folies Bergere and Russian ballet troupes.
Chiparus sculptures are truly representative of the distinctive style and age of Art Deco.
Significant Dates in the Life of Demetre Chiparus: born in Dorohoi, Romania in 1889
- In 1909 aged 20, he moved to Florence, Italy where he studied with the Italian sculptor Raffaello Romanelli (1856 to 1928 ).
Romanelli works include the Monument to Carol I of Romania, in Peles Castle; a monument to Czar Alexander II in Russia, the Garibaldi Monument in Siena, Italy and a monument to John Wister in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- In 1912 Demetre enrolled in the famous art school École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, France. He was a frequent attendee at the classes of academic sculptor Antonin Mercié
- In 1914 Chiparus held his first exhibition in the Salon. His first creations were most often groups of small figures, predominantly playing children or other ordinary subjects, presented in a relatively realistic style rather than Art Deco
- By 1918 Demetre Chiparus had set up his first atelier at 24 rue Barrault dans le 13 arrondissement in Paris
- From 1920 onwards his distinctive style grew, expanding to encompass much larger thinner more supple, graceful and ever more sophisticated female figure groups.
- From 1923 until 1928 he exhibited his growing body of work in the Paris Salons
From 1667 the Salon de Paris was the official art exhibition of the Académie des Beaux-Arts. From 1748 to 1890 it was probably the greatest annual art event in Europe.
- In 1928 Chiparus moved his atelier to his new home at Neuilly-sur-Seine
In 1947 Demetre Chiparus died of a stroke. He was aged 58 and returning from studying animals at the zoo in Vincennes.
How to recognise the work of Demetre Chiparus (typical and distinctive features):
Chiparus sculptures are known primarily for their large lithe female figures, featuring long and slender models, sometimes with stylish hounds or athletic equipment and always with a very stylised appearance, superb detail and an abundance of life and movement.
Figures are predominantly executed in bronze and ivory (using the Chryselephantine technique), which makes them dazzling and highly decorative.
Chiparus did very rarely, produce other sculptures using terracotta, porcelain, spelter or marble. These can be very hard to find.
He also produced some of his Art Deco figures in plasteline. He then sold the reproduction rights to prestigious Parisian workshops & foundries such as Edmond Etling & Cie, and Les Neveux de J. Lehmann.
These high-quality workshops and foundries then produced multiples of these figures, which feature very high-quality castings demonstrating the great detail in the costumes and clearly recreate the life and movement in Chiparus figures.
He produced mainly female figures, influenced from Russian Ballet dancers and the French Theatre or just fashionably dressed Parisian women.
The costumes and jewellery of the figures were often influenced by the Orient, and his figures are usually mounted on a marble or onyx pyramid or ziggurat, (a Mesopotamian massive structure).
They can also be carved with Egyptian motifs, inspired by the discovery of Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1923. (This also applies to other Art Deco sculptures of the period).
The bronze components on the Chiparus sculptures should be decorated in cold-painted enamel and have crisp well-defined details.
Chiparus also produced groups of figures all featuring the same subject matter. For instance; bronze sculptures of stalking or crouching panthers by Dimitri Chiparus can fetch between $8,000 and $9,000 USD at auction.
The sculptor signed almost all of his works with “D. H. Chiparus”, which he mainly etched on the base of each figure (see an example for Chiparus mark at the bottom of the article).
Collecting Chiparus Sculptures in 2015:
In the Last two decades, auction and saleroom prices for Chiparus’s work have risen sharply.
Forty years ago, any Art Deco collector could have picked up a Chiparus sculpture from any regular antique dealer, for just a few hundred pounds.
Today, that same piece in genuinely good condition could set you back anywhere from £15,000 to £200,000 from a high-end auction house.
For Example; In October 2015 the prestigious Straus & Co, auction house of Cape Town, South Africa will feature a beautiful Chiparus figure entitled Les Amis Toujour, (friends forever).
The sculpture features a central female figure of patinated and cold-painted bronze with typical Chiparus ivory face and neck. She stands adorned by a pair of hounds at her feet.
The group is mounted on a brown onyx base, and Straus & Co have an auction estimate of R300,00 to 350,000 Rand (roughly $25,000 USD).
However, the same or similar figure was sold on 15th December 2010, at Christies Auction House in New York, where the auction estimate was also a conservative $18,000 to $24,000 USD, but the actual price realised was a more realistic $68,500 USD.
Beware of Chiparus Fakes, Forgeries and Reproductions
Currently, in September 2015, there are approximately 438 online auctions selling supposed bronze and marble sculptures by Demetre Chiparus.
Headline descriptions designed to attract the unwary range from the ridiculous; “Demetre Chiparus Belly Dancer Bronze Masterpiece Sculpture Marble Base Statue” to the more seductive “Spectacular Art Deco Sculpture ‘Clara’ by Demetre Chiparus“.
Buy-It-Now prices range from $4675 to $14,000 USD, high enough to peak the interest of the unwary collector and allow them to persuade themselves they have found an undiscovered masterpiece. Cheap enough to be almost affordable.
But a close examination of the rather small images and a thorough reading of the description on each auction reveals all.
- Art Deco Bronze and Marble Majestic Dancer After Demetre Chiparus $14,000.00 (“…REPRODUCTION ART DECO BRONZE AND MARBLE”)
- Fantastic Art Deco Sculpture “Star Fish” by Demetre Chiparus: $4,675.00 (“…painstakingly recreated by expert craftsmen”)
NOTE: An actual example of Star Fish sold at Bonhams in 2013 for more than $156,000.
- Spectacular Art Deco Sculpture “Chorus Line” by Demetre Chiparus: $11,475.00 (“…cast and carved from a model by Demetre Chiparus“)
- Fabulous Art Deco Sculpture “Semiramis” by Demetre Chiparus $7,500.00 (“…using the original moulds by the artists of that period”)
- Spectacular Art Deco Sculpture “Clara” by Demetre Chiparus $12,500.00 (“…classic proportions with richness a fleshiness and opulence … Every care is taken to replicate the processes and finish chase work of the original craftsmen”)
Antique collectors can be fooled; we don’t all do our due diligence when a rare thing comes our way and desire plays a part.
But we collectors should, particularly when something seems to good to be true.
Bargains can be found; the Star Fish sculpture sold at Bonhams was picked up for the princely sum of $40, but they are rare and becoming harder and harder to find.
When it comes to Demetre Chiparus sculptures, know what to look for and always make sure that crisp detail, rich movement and other obvious details are there. Fancy goldfish are a unique group of aquarium fish that have been selectively bred by Oriental cultures for over one thousand years. They exhibit remarkable differences in color patterns, body shape, and fin structure.
Most of us have had some experience keeping common goldfish, (low grade comets) in a bowl. Unfortunately, this practice has led to a lot of misconceptions. Because of their resiliency, goldfish can survive under conditions that few if any tropical or native fish would tolerate. They are often subjected to poor conditions, like living in tiny bowls, overcrowding, overfeeding, no filtration, extreme temperatures, chlorine poisoning and general abuse. Because of this, goldfish have gotten a bad image of being dirty and messy, leading to the common opinion “What would you expect, they’re just carp.”
The fact of the matter is, that although goldfish are in the carp family, they are not true carp. Many of our popular tropical fish, like the tiger barb, are also in the carp family. Japanese koi are true carp and because of their large potential size, are more suited for ponds and are enjoyed more when viewed from above. Goldfish can be distinguished from koi by observing their lower jaw. Goldfish never have “whiskers” and koi always have “whiskers”.
Goldfish are not dirty fish, but because they always appear hungry, they are often overfed. They produce no more waste than any other “eager eater” tropical fish of the same size. Goldfish, in fact, act as scavengers and clean up even the tiniest specs of food that would otherwise cloud the water. They will also eat some algae but will likely eat tender live plants as well. Keeping a clean healthy goldfish aquarium is easy. Control the amount of high quality food, have good filtration and do appropriate water changes. These are the same three principles that apply to keeping any healthy aquarium. Adding aquarium salt (a tablespoon for every 5 gallons of water) will also help keep goldfish in good condition. If you want your goldfish, or any fish for that matter, to grow quickly, be prepared to do a lot of water changes (normally about 20% at a time). The amount of food the fish are given is directly proportional to the amount of maintenance that you will have to do.
Goldfish do have a lot of positive attributes. First of all, goldfish are extremely peaceful. Even very large and very small goldfish can be kept together. They can also be kept with any other peaceful fish, but they cannot be mixed with fish that bully, nip or harass other fish. They can live harmoniously with docile tropical fish and can actually tolerate warmer water than most tropicals. Goldfish don’t require a heater, but when mixed with tropicals, one should be used. All types of Plecostomus do well with goldfish. At times, the streamlined comet goldfish may pester much slower fantails, so it’s usually best to keep them separate. Goldfish have a longer life span than most tropicals and can live up to 20 years or more. In addition, goldfish are extremely showy. They’re never hiding or cowering in the back of the aquarium and quickly “train” themselves to come to the front whenever someone comes near. This behavior, of course, is nothing more than them wanting to be fed, but it doesn’t mean that they should be fed. Twice a day modest feedings should suffice and they will do perfectly well without any food for a few days. Don’t let your neighbors kill them with “kindness” while you’re on vacation. A live plant called Hornwort can be used to give goldfish something to nibble on while you are away.
The best thing about goldfish is the amazing selection of colors, shapes, sizes and special traits that the hobbyist has to choose from. In general, there are only two major types of fancy goldfish: comets and fantails.
Comets are sleek, “single
|
31 | -1 | 3 |
.
The next steps will be to directly measure efflux with apoplasmically anchored FRET sensors and to test Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion lines for various transporters expressed in roots, including aquaporins, as well as evolutionary diverse members of the glucose transporter family for effects on sugar accumulation (Lalonde et al., 2004).
Homozygous Arabidopsis lines (T3) expressing FLIPglu-2μΔ13 (line 1), FLIPglu-600μΔ13 (line 2) or FLIPglu-3.2mΔ13 (line 3) were used for the glucose flux analyses (Deuschle et al., 2006). To generate lines expressing the sucrose sensor, the FLIPsuc-90μΔ1 insert was excised from pRSETB (Lager et al., 2006) using BamHI/HindIII and cloned into the XhoI/BamHI sites of pRT101 (Töpfer et al., 1987). The XhoI overhang of pRT101 and the HindIII overhang from FLIPsuc-90μΔ1 were made compatible to each other by partially filling in using DNA polymerase I (Klenow fragment). The CaMV 35S-Sensor-Terminator cassette was then excised from pRT101 using HindIII and cloned into pPZP312 (Hajdukiewicz et al., 1994). The presence of intact inserts was verified by DNA sequencing. Binary plasmids were introduced into Agrobacterium strain GV3101 and used for transformation of homozygous Arabidopsis rdr6 lines (Peragine et al., 2004) (a generous gift from Scott Poethig, University of Pennsylvania) using the flower-dip method (Clough and Bent, 1998).
For imaging, plants were germinated in full nutrient (FN) medium (1 mm KH2PO4, 1 mm MgSO4, 0.25 mm K2SO4, 0.25 mm CaCl2, 2 mm NH4NO3, 0.1 mm Na-Fe-EDTA, 50 μm KCl, 30 μm H3BO3, 5 μm MnSO4, 1 μm ZnSO4, 1 μm CuSO4, 0.7 μm NaMoO4, pH 5.8, adjusted with KOH) (Loqué et al., 2005) with 1-2% sucrose, buffered with 20 mm MES and solidified with 0.7% agar in a growth chamber with 16 h light at 190 μmol m-2 sec-1, 50% humidity, 22 °C for 7 days. Before imaging, the plants were transferred to the same medium lacking sucrose for 6 h to 5 days depending on the affinity of the sensor expressed in the plants. Where indicated, plants were imaged in potassium phosphate buffer or in ARB medium (2 mm MES, 2 mm CaSO4, 0.5 mm KH2PO4 and 0.5 mm MgSO4, pH 5.8) (Ehrhardt et al., 1992). For pH experiments, the pH of FN medium was adjusted to 5.8, 6.8 or 7.8 using 10 m KOH.
Roots of intact seedlings were immobilized on cover slips (24 × 50 mm, VWR, http://www.vwr.com) using medical adhesive (stock number 7730, Hollister, http://www.hollister.com). For screening the sensor response, five or six plants were mounted onto cover slips, and a chamber was created using polymer clay (Sculpey, http://www.sculpey.com) and filled with FN medium. The plants were then imaged during perfusion of a near-saturating concentration of sugar to determine the maximal response. Slides with plants that showed a response were then mounted on a P-1 or RC-26G perfusion chamber (Warner Instruments, http://www.warneronline.com) mounted on a stage adapter for a Leica SA-20L3P inverted microscope (Leica, http://www.leica.com). The volume of the chambers was 0.4-0.7 ml. Ratio imaging was performed on an inverted fluorescence microscope (DM IRE2, Leica) using a QuantEM digital camera and a 20× oil objective (HC PL APO 20x/0.7IMM CORR, Leica). Dual emission intensities were simultaneously recorded using a DualView with a dual CFP/YFP-ET filter set (ET470/24m; ET535/3, Chroma, http://www.chroma.com) and Slidebook software (Intelligent Imaging Innovations Inc., http://www.intelligent-imaging.com). Excitation (filter ET430/24x, Chroma) was provided by a Lambda DG4 light source (Sutter Instruments, http://www.sutter.com). Images were acquired within the linear detection range of the camera, and exposure times varied between 400 and 600 msec depending on the expression level, with binning 2 and an Electron Multiplying gain of 300. Fluorescence intensities for eCFP and eYFP were typically in the range of 2000-8000 and 6000-14 000, respectively. Regions outside the root were used for background subtraction (background value 1000-1300; 300 msec exposure time). Perfusions were performed with FN medium buffered with 20 mm MES pH 5.8 at 3 ml min-1. The baselines throughout were corrected using second- or third-order polynomial fits of the ratios measured in the absence of glucose. The obtained function describes the baseline aberration (photobleaching) as a function of time during the perfusion. To correct for this effect, the difference between the ratio at the beginning of the experiment, r(0), and the baseline aberration, f(t), were calculated at each time point of the measurement and added to the value of the measured ratio at the respective time point, r(t), such that rcorr(t) = r(t) + r(0)) f(t). Accumulation and elimination rates for glucose and sucrose were calculated by determining Δratio/time at various external sugar concentrations (for a detailed description of the analysis, see Okumoto et al., 2008). The data fitted well to Michaelis-Menten kinetics. However, it would be more accurate to use a model that incorporates all contributing fluxes (e.g. Fehr et al., 2005).
CCCP and 2,4-DNP (both Sigma, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/) were prepared as 250 mm stock in 100% DMSO and frozen; nigericin (EMD Biosciences, http://www.emdbiosciences.com) was prepared as 5 mm stock in 95% ethanol and frozen. Before use, CCCP and 2,4-DNP stocks were diluted to 100 μm in FN medium (final DMSO concentration 0.04%); nigericin was diluted to 25 μm. All experiments were repeated at least three times. Controls were performed with solutions containing 0.04% DMSO or 0.5% ethanol, respectively. Tetraethylammonium was prepared as a 100 mm stock solution in H2O and was diluted prior to use. Plants were incubated with the indicated inhibitor for 15 min before resuming perfusion with either sugar. 3-O-methylglucose was prepared as a 1 m stock in H2O.
Exchange rates were determined on the same perfusion set-up as used for the imaging experiments using fluorescent dye Alexa Fluor 430 (Invitrogen, http://www.invitrogen.com/) at 3 ml min-1. After the fluorescence intensity reached saturation, perfusion was switched back to the buffer. The rates were calculated by taking the maximum fluorescence intensity as 100% and determining the time that it takes to reach 85% or 15% fluorescence, i.e. the linear uptake or efflux phases, respectively. The addition and removal rates are the mean of two experiments.
For analysis of Golgi movement, Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings expressing YFP:SYP32 were grown for 6 days on FN medium and root tips were imaged on a spinning-disk confocal microscope as described by Takanaga et al. (2008). Plants were mounted and treated as for imaging experiments. Images were acquired every 4 sec for 2 min before adding 100 μm CCCP and for 8 min thereafter. Image processing was performed using Metamorph (Molecular Devices, http://www.moleculardevices.com) and ImageJ software (W. Rasband, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Two images (20 sec apart) were merged after false coloring in red for the first frame and green for the second. YFP:SYP32 wave lines were a generous gift from Niko Geldner and Joanne Chory. More information about these lines can be found at http://www.unil.ch/dbmv/page49637_en.html. The expression of the nanosensors expressed under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter was analyzed by collecting an image series for root tips expressing either FLIPglu-600μΔ13 or FLIPsuc-90μΔ1 as z-stacks using a Leica confocal SP5 microscope equipped with an argon laser (514 nm excitation for YFP) and a 442 diode laser (442 nm excitation for CFP). The emission signal was captured from 525-560 nm for YFP and 460-500 nm for CFP. The pinhole was adjusted to an airy disk size of 0.5, and images were captured at 1.5 μm intervals.
FLIPglu-2μΔ13 and FLIPglu-600μΔ13 were expressed in E. coli (BL21 DE3 gold) and grown for 3 days at room temperature. Protein was isolated as described previously (Deuschle et al., 2005). Substrate titration curves and substrate specificity analysis were performed using a monochromator microplate reader (Safire; excitation 433/12 nm; emission 485/12 and 528/12 nm; gain 80, http://www.tecan.com). In vitro analyses at various pH were performed in MES/Tris buffer; pH was adjusted by mixing 40 mm MES and 40 mm Tris buffers. Proteins were titrated using various glucose concentrations in each of the pH buffers. FRET was approximated as the peak emission intensity ratio at 480 nm (first eCFP peak) and 528 nm (eYFP peak). Measurements were performed on two independent protein extracts.
High-resolution genome-wide expression data at the level of each cell type at all developmental stages in the Arabidopsis root are not available, due to the technical limitations regarding the amount of material required for microarray measurements. However, using the large microarray dataset profiling 19 semi-overlapping marker lines and 13 developmental sections published recently (Brady et al., 2007), a reasonable approximation can be made. Expression of a given gene within a particular tissue or cell type and section was approximated as the mean expression from all marker lines covering that tissue in that section, and scaling that mean by a factor equal to the expression of that gene in that developmental section relative to its mean expression over all longitudinal sections. Thus, expression of gene g within tissue t in developmental section s, denoted Gts, can be approximated as:
where Mg is the expression of gene g in marker line m, Cmts is a 1/0 indicator variable depending on whether marker m covers tissue t in section s, Sg is the expression of gene g in section s, and Ag is the mean expression of gene g over all sections. Expression within a region that is not covered by any marker line (e.g. trichoblasts in meristematic zone sections) is reported as 0. Table S2 and Figure S6 show the marker line × developmental section, marker line × cell type and developmental section × cell type matrices that were used to approximate expression.
Approximating cell type-/developmental stage-specific resolution by this method has some restrictions, such as treating expression within a marker line as constant throughout all developmental stages, the inability to approximate expression in areas not covered by any marker line, and the inability to guarantee that the approximated data exactly reproduce the observed measurements. Methods that are not subject to such restrictions would be very useful for more detailed studies, but, for the purposes of identifying candidate genes, our simplistic approximation is sufficient. The scale was set to a maximum of 5; thus some of the transporters are more highly expressed than shown here (see Table S2 for detailed quantification).
Figure S1. Comparison of FRET sensor responses in various regions of the root tip.
Movie S1. Cellular expression of the sucrose nanosensor in root tips of Arabidopsis.
Figure S2. Glucose and sucrose response curves in the absence and presence of various inhibitors.
Figure S3. Effect of CCCP on Golgi movement.
Figure S4. [14C]-glucose uptake into intact seedlings.
Figure S5. Insensitivity of responses to tetraethylammonium.
Figure S6. Marker line coverage.
Table S1 Expression levels for the transporter genes as shown in Figure 9.
Table S2 Marker line coverage.
Appendix S1. Radioactive glucose uptake in intact seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana.
We are very grateful to Nakako Shibagaki (Carnegie Institution for Science) for testing the efficacy of the protonophores in yeast uptake experiments, Victor Kirik for help with the Golgi movement experiments, and Guillaume Pilot (Carnegie Institute for Science, Stanford, CA) for help with radioactive glucose uptake in intact seedlings. This work was made possible by a grant from the Department of Energy to W.B.F. (DE-FG02-04ER15542) and grants from the National Science Foundation Arabidopsis 2010 program to P.N.B. International Development Program Concentration
Sample Learning Outcomes
- Define and understand central concepts of international development, including measurement of development, actors, theoretical approaches, and the history and trajectory of the field.
- Gain a greater ability to apply knowledge and analysis to specific development contexts and cases in order to evaluate the strengths and limitations of theoretical approaches, programs, and projects.
- Evaluate the merits of different approaches to international development on the basis of values at stake, including ethical, political, social, environmental, and economic ramifications.
- Have a working understanding of the causes and implications of a range of global environmental challenges and of different forms of response.
- Analyze the main problems related to diseases and health in international relations and development policy, as well as international efforts to control the spread of disease.
Careers in International Development
- Development and disaster relief
- Infrastructure building
- Trade and economic policy
- Human rights and humanitarian aid Odysseus is a combination of the self-made, self-assured man and the embodiment of the standards and mores of his culture. He is favored by the gods and respected and admired by the mortals. Even the wrath of Poseidon does not keep him from his homecoming. He is confident that he represents virtue even when a modern audience might not be so sure. He is also a living series of contradictions, a much more complicated character than we would expect to find in the stereotypical epic hero. We can contrast Odysseus, for example, with the great warrior Achilles in The Iliad.
Achilles himself is not a two-dimensional stereotype. He has a tragic flaw, which can best be identified as hubris (an overbearing arrogance or misguided pride) as one of several distinguishing traits. But Achilles is a simpler character. According to the myth the Homeric Greeks would have known, Achilles was given a choice by the gods to live a short, glorious life full of excitement and heroism or a long, tranquil life with little
|
32 | 0 | 0 |
emi Shade)
Gardening skill: Easy Definition and Incidence
Male urinary incontinence is an oftentimes overlooked and underdiagnosed problem.
Recent reports have shown that as many as 9-13% of American men suffer from urinary incontinence.
Urinary incontinence is not a disease or a normal consequence of aging, therefore, most cases can be cured or improved. It is a symptom with many causes and is the medical term used to describe the condition of not being able to control the flow of urine from your body. It usually happens because the bladder sphincter is damaged or scarred and cannot squeeze or close off the urethra. This means urine can leak or flow freely from the bladder.
Male continence is maintained by two sphincters: internal and external. The internal sphincter is part of the bladder neck and is under involuntary or reflex control by higher centers of urination in the brain. The external sphincter, which is part of the pelvic floor
muscles, is a voluntary sphincter and is actively relaxed at the time of urination. Oftentimes, the internal sphincter is removed or damaged as is the case during radical prostatectomy or bladder neck surgery such as TURP. In these situations the man must rely entirely on the external sphincter to maintain continence. Unfortunately, the external sphincter may be damaged as well during these same types of surgeries rendering the patient incontinent.
Classification and Causes of Male Incontinence
Male urinary incontinence can be classified into 4 different categories:
- Stress Incontinence – Occurs when you leak urine during physical activity such as exercise, walking, lifting, coughing and sneezing.
- Urge Incontinence – Occurs when you have an overwhelming need to urinate and are not able to hold urine long enough to reach the toilet.
- Mixed Incontinence – A combination of stress and urge incontinence, where you have symptoms of both conditions.
- Overflow Incontinence – When your bladder never completely empties which causes urine to leak. This type of incontinence is found in men with prostate enlargement, scars/strictures of the urethra or bladder neck and can also be due to dysfunctional bladder function, as seen in
Diagnosis of Male Urinary Incontinence
Diagnosis of the specific type of incontinence in men can be more complex than in women. The typical evaluation includes a detailed medical history and physical examination. Sometimes your physician will request a voiding diary or pad weight log to determine the nature and degree of incontinence. It is important to rule out simple causes of male urinary incontinence such as urinary tract infection with a formal urine culture, non-invasive flow rate and residual urine measurement. Additional testing should include complex urodynamics and cystoscopy.
Treatment Options for Male Urinary Incontinence
Behavioral Techniques – Scheduled toileting is one technique that puts a man on a regular voiding regimen, and is typically recommended for the frail and elderly. Bladder retraining is a
way men can go to the bathroom at specific times in the day where times can gradually be extended to longer intervals. This type of therapy is effective is treating urge and mixed incontinence.
Pharmacological Depending on symptoms, medications can be given to help men with incontinence. Anticholinergic agents can be used as first-line treatments for urge incontinence because they inhibit detrusor contraction, and may help increase bladder capacity. Stress incontinence is typically treated with surgery.
Biofeedback/Electrical Stimulation Biofeedback/Electrical Stimulation is practiced to help people gain awareness and control of their urinary tract muscles. The principle of biofeedback is simple: a variety of instruments are used to record small electrical signals that are given off when specific muscles are squeezed to urinate. These muscle squeezings are then converted into audio (hearing) and/or visual (seeing) signs that patients can recognize and learn in order to control muscular activity. With biofeedback, weak muscles can be better activated on demand, overly tense muscles can be relaxed and overall muscle activity can be coordinated.
Surgical Options Surgical procedures are available to treat male urinary stress incontinence.
- Injections of bulk-producing agents, such as collagen, into the urinary sphincter.
- Implanting a “male sling,” a device designed to support the muscles around the urethra. The AMS AdVance Male Sling System is highly effective, minimally invasive procedure to correct mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence.
- Implanting an artificial urinary sphincter, which mimics the function of a normal, healthy urinary sphincter. Currently the only artificial urinary sphincter available, the AMS 800
Urinary Control System is an effective solution for moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence following prostate surgery. شاید شما هم مثل بسیاری از ما هر روز صبح که از خواب پا می شوید، تا شب که رفت و آمد می کنید در جامعه و محل کار و خیابان ها، مدام در معرض خبرهای مختلف در رسانه های مختلف قرار می گیرید که نه فقط حال شما را بهتر نمی کند، بلکه ذهن شما را به سمت یاس و ناامیدی هم ببرد. آیا تمام آنچه در فضای رسانه ای مطرح می شود، واقعیتی است که در جامعه ما وجود دارد؟ و آیا رسانه ها آئینه تمام نمای واقعیت های جامعه ما هستند؟
دانلود
به گزارش پایگاه اطلاع رسانی شبکه خبر، برنامه «تیتر امشب» به بررسی «فضای رسانه ای کشور، امیدآفرین یا زمینه ساز یاس و ناامیدی» پرداخت با حضور دو کارشناس و فعال رسانه، جناب آقای «محمد خدادی»، مدیر عامل خبرگزاری جمهوری اسلامی ایران (ایرنا) و کارشناس رسانه، و جناب آقای «مهدی فضائلی»، کارشناس رسانه، مدیر عامل اسبق خبرگزاری فارس و مدیر عامل انتشارات سروش.
مهم ترین بخش های این گفتگو به شرح زیر است:
محمد خدادی در ابتدای کلام گفت، اینکه به هر بهانه ای از رسانه صحبت شود، مایه خرسندی است و فرصت خوبی است که رسانه از انجا که با انسان و جامعه زندگی می کند و به انها می پردازد، بسیار پسندیده است.
وی درباره مثبت یا منفی بودن فضای رسانه ای کشور گفت: از دید من می بایست از همینجا آغاز کنیم که نباید هیچ چیزی را صفر یا صد ببینیم. پس خوب نیست که بگوییم امیدآفرین است یا یاس آور.
مجری: بالاخره کفه این ترازو به یک سمتی سنگینی می کند.
خدادی: می بایست در این زمینه آسیب شناسی کنیم و ببینیم کارکرد رسانه های ما در کجا امیدآفرین است و در کجا یاس آفرین است. چرا که بزرگ ترین خطر رسانه این است که چیزی را صفر یا صد ببیند. رسانه اتفاقا آمده است که چیزها را از صفر و صد خارج کند. فرصت آسیب شناسی، تضارب آراء و دیدگاه ها؛ بستر انتقال داده هاست. این نکته کلیدی است؛ اینجاست که در حقیقت ما به کلیدواژه های نیسبت رسانه و مردم می رسیم؛ ما می خواهیم از رسانه به مردم برسیم، یا از مردم به رسانه ها؟ آنجا که از رسانه به مردم می رسیم، رسانه ممکن است در بخش هایی، کارکرد آن تغییر کند که هر دو باید باشد. یعنی به یک زاویه نباید بپردازیم. به یک نوع آسیب شناسی رفتار رسانه ما نشان می دهد که یک خلاء در این میان وجود دارد و آن هم تولید اطلاعات است. ما در مهارت تولید اطلاعات هنوز با مشکل رو به رو هستیم؛ ما دانش رسانه را داریم، اما این دانش کمتر به مهارت رسانه تبدیل شده است.
* ما در مسیر تولید اطلاعات نیاز داریم که مهارت رسانه را بومی کنیم. به اعتقاد من ما در مهارت تولید اطلاعات دچار مخاطره ایم که خبرهایمان گاه سیاه می شود و نقد ما به تخریب می انجامد. به نوعی به جای اینکه بتوانیم واقعیت ها را منعکس کنیم، از ارائه آنچه وجود دارد، ناتوانیم. کارکردمان گاهی تبلیغی می شد؛ بیشتر تعریف می کنیم تا تبیین. خیلی وقت ها دیدگاه ها را انتقال می دهیم تا اینکه خبر تولید کنیم. چون تولید اطلاعات در کشور ما با یک خطر جدی رو به روست.
خدادی افزود: با دستگاه ها هم صحبت می کنیم، به سرعت سراغ گزارش کار می روند. جای عدد، رقم، نسبت، مقایسه و مصداق در تولید اطلاعات خالی است.
* استفاده از عبارت «خبر منفی یا خبر امیدبخش»، کار را سخت می کند. باید بگوییم درآنچه واقعیت جامعه ماست و آنچه که در حال انتقال است، با خطر و ختلال رو به رو هستیم. این اختلال از آنجا نشئت می گیرد که بسیاری از رسانه های ما کپی همدیگ
|
32 | 0 | 1 |
ate continuano, non è possibile impostare un tempo di fusione finale.
Quando il permafrost scompare, crea il cosiddetto termokarst, una superficie del terreno piena di laghi, buche e tumuli. In un’area che i ricercatori hanno esaminato, il terreno è affondato di circa un metro. “Sono stata molto sorpresa di vedere il ritmo con cui il paesaggio è cambiato”, ha detto la ricercatrice.
“Abbiamo iniziato a monitorare questi siti nei primi anni 2000 e questo paesaggio era piuttosto piatto.È stato relativamente facile camminare attraverso l’area”. Inoltre, la ricerca evidenzia come la scomparsa del permafrost potrebbe causare danni all’intero habitat, dagli animali all’agricoltura, fino alle infrastrutture nelle aree popolate. In The Language of Paradox Cleanth Brooks takes on the language of poetry, stating that at its core poetry is the language of paradox. Brooks bases his position on the contradictions that are inherent in poetry and his feelings that if those contradictions didn't exist then neither would some of the best poetry we have today Using works from Wordsworth to Shakespeare Brooks shows how the only way some ideas can be expressed is through paradox. His best example of this idea is from Coleridge’s description of imagination: “Reveals itself in the balance or reconcilement of opposite discordant qualities: of sameness, with difference; of the general, with the concrete;”
Wordsworth himself, Brooks points out, let the intention of paradox be read in his poetry, when he admitted that his purpose was “to choose incidents and situations from common life”, but to handle them in such a way that “ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an unusual aspect”. Wordsworth, who is entirely simple and pure as a poet, is also a paradoxical poet in his typical poems such as “It is a Beauteous Evening” where evening is compared to a nun:
“It is a beauteous evening calm and free
The holy time is quiet as a nun
Breathless with adoration.”
Brooks says, if paradox was the basis of romanticism, it was amply used by the neo—classicists in their poetry. The romantics used it to arouse wonder and to awaken the mind to the new beauties which were ignored as commonplace and trivial but the new classical poets used it in ironical way. We find such irony throughout in Pope’s Essay on Man:
“Created half to rise, and half to fall
Great lord of things, yet a pray to all
Sole judge of truth, in endless error hurdled,
The glory, the jest and riddle of the world.”
However paradoxes, which arouse both wonder and irony are more clearly mixed in the poetry of Blake, Coleridge and Gray. Paradox is a fusion or the union if the opposites and the discordant. This fusion is brought about by the imagination of the poet. This imagination is creative and it creates ever new combinations of discordant and the unconceivable. Donne had this quality in abundance. Here are some examples quoted and illustrated by Brooks in essay:
“Or the King’s real, or his stamped face.”
“What merchant ships have my sigh drowned?”
“We can die by it, if not live by love.”
Every poem has to be in The Language of Paradox, using the word in the sense that Cleanth Brooks uses it. It is all right for a critic to draw attention to this, but there is no need to take p so many pages doing it. The Language of Paradox lays out Brooks' argument for the centrality of paradox by demonstrating that paradox is: “the language appropriate and inevitable to poetry." The argument is based on the contention that referential language is too vague for the specific message a poet expresses; he must “make up his language as he goes."
R.S. Crane, in his essay "The Critical Monism of Cleanth Brooks," argues strongly against Brooks’ centrality of paradox. For one, Brooks believes that the very structure of poetry is paradox, and ignores the other subtleties of imagination and power that poets bring to their poems. Brooks simply believed: “’Imagination’ reveals itself in the balance or reconciliation of opposite or discordant qualities.”
Brooks, in leaning on the crutch of paradox, only discusses the truth which poetry can reveal, and speaks nothing about the pleasure it can give. (231) Also, by defining poetry as uniquely having a structure of paradox, Brooks ignores the power of paradox in everyday conversation and discourse, including scientific discourse, which Brooks claimed was opposed to poetry. Crane claims that, using Brooks’ definition of poetry, the most powerful paradoxical poem in modern history is Einstein’s formula E = mc2, which is a profound paradox in that matter and energy are the same thing. The argument for the centrality of paradox (and irony) becomes a reduction as absurdum and is therefore void (or at least ineffective) for literary analysis.
In The Language of Paradox Brooks proposed a New Critical concept of “paradox” as the distinguishing feature of literary language, though this concept is not much different from the concept of “tension” by Allen Tate, or even the idea of “defamiliarization” of the Russian Formalists. Flattened or depressed at the poles; as, the earth is an oblate spheroid.
- Having the shape of a spheroid generated by rotating an ellipse about its shorter axis.
- Having an equatorial diameter greater than the distance between poles; compressed along or flattened at the poles: Planet Earth is an oblate solid.
- A layperson dedicated to religious life.
- Roman Catholic Church A member of one of various religious communities for men or women. IT之家5月4日消息 外媒Windows Latest报道，一些安装了Windows 10最新更新（包括KB4549951）的用户报告称，他们的用户配置文件以及所有数据，自定义选项和文档在登录时均未加载。安装更新后，Windows 10会启动并显示临时用户配置文件错误Bug，它可能会移动你的数据，甚至删除它们。
IT之家此前提及过该错误，似乎该问题仍然存在，并且可能会影响到更多用户。目前尚不清楚Windows 10为何或如何以全新的用户配置文件加载。
许多用户还报告说，安装了4月14日发布的Windows 10 KB4549951补丁后，包括文档或图片在内的数据都消失了。
安装该更新后，Windows重命名普通用户配置文件的文件夹，然后在PC启动时创建并加载临时用户配置文件。
但好消息是，该错误不会永久删除大多数用户的配置文件或数据。
原始配置文件仍应位于C: > Users中，但你的数据将存储在以“.ooo”或“.bak”扩展名的文件中。
幸运的是，有很多方法可以将其恢复。如果重新启动Windows系统6到8次，则用户配置文件和数据应该会恢复。但不一定对每个人都有效。
从Windows 10版本1903更新到Windows 10版本1909后，一些用户还报告了该问题。
根据多个Microsoft支持人员的介绍，你还可以通过设置新帐户，然后将数据从临时帐户手动转移到该帐户来解决该问题。
更加一致的选项是在安装更新之前仅备份存储在系统硬盘中的文件。你需要始终维护与操作系统位于同一分区上的数据备份。 مجری برنامه ۹۰ گفت: «من خودم مسی را بیشتر دوست دارم، اما انصافا پارسال رونالدو کمی بهتر بود.»
به گزارش سرویس ورزشی جام نیوز، در بیشتر نظرسنجیهایی که طی یکی، دو ماه اخیر در سراسر جهان انجام شده، کریستیانو رونالدو به عنوان شایستهترین ستاره برای کسب عنوان مرد سال ۲۰۱۳ دنیا برگزیده شده است.
در آخرین قسمت برنامه ۹۰ این اتفاق در ایران هم رخ داد و بازیکن پرتغالی توانست با ۵۴ درصد آرا بالاتر از مسی ۳۷ درصدی و ریبری ۹ درصدی در صدر جدول بهترین بازیکنان سال گذشته میلادی بایستد.
جالب اینکه عادل گفت: «من خودم مسی را بیشتر دوست دارم، اما انصافا پارسال رونالدو کمی بهتر بود.»
به نظر میرسد مصدومیتهای پیاپی مسی باعث شده است تا او در نظرسنجی امسال بر خلاف نمونه مشابه سال گذشته اکثریت آرا را به دست نیاورد.
مراسم اهدای توپ طلای سال ۲۰۱۳ دوشنبه هفته بعد در زوریخ برگزار خواهد شد و رونالدو شانس مسلم بردن این جایزه است. او در چهار سال گذشته پشت خط لئو مانده بود، اما آسیبدیدگیهای ستاره آرژانتینی باعث شد رونالدو بعد از مدت ها بتواند توپ طلا را از آن خودش کند. خبرنگاران پایگاه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی وزارت علوم افتتاح شد
به گزارش وبلاگ فانتوپ، تهران- خبرنگاران- پایگاه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری با هدف گردآوری، تجمیع داده ها و اطلاعات مورد نیاز فعالان دانشگاهی کشور در حوزه آموزش های الکترونیکی راه اندازی شد.
به گزارش روز چهارشنبه وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، این پایگاه تخصصی به صورت مجازی و توسط علی خاکی صدیق، معاون آموزشی وزیر علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری در حاشیه وبینار اعضای کارگروه آموزش های الکترونیکی به نشانی اینترنتی https://elearning.msrt.ir آغاز به کار کرد.
خاکی صدیق در این نشست مجازی از انتخاب راهبرد تبدیل تهدید کرونایی به فرصت روی آوری به روش های نوین آموزشی خبر داد و تأکید کرد: همه تلاش معاونت آموزشی وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری این بوده است که با این راهبرد با به حداقل رساندن آسیب های ناشی از توقف آموزش حضوری و جبران کاستی های پدیدآمده در فعالیت آموزشی، دانشگاه ها و مؤسسات آموزش عالی از مزایای آموزش الکترونیکی بهره مند شوند و توان و آمادگی خود را در صورت تداوم مشکل ایجاد شده و در برخورد با شرایط مشابه افزایش دهند.
وی با تأکید بر برخورد فعال به جای برخورد منفعل، گفت: وزارت
|
32 | 0 | 2 |
تباع جمهوری دموکراتیک آلمان اجازه یافتند بدون تشریفات اداری به آلمان غربی وارد شوند.
اتحاد دو آلمان به طور رسمی در سال ۱۹۹۰ انجام گرفت. به گزارش شمانیوز:مهدی علیپور درباره تعیین یک بانک در عراق برای واریز وجه صادرات ایران به آن کشور گفت: هنوز جزییات این موضوع به طور رسمی اعلام نشده اما قطعا در یک بانک دولتی حسابی برای واریز وجه صادراتی ایران به دینار و یورو افتتاح خواهد شد.
وی با اشاره به مشکلات دولت عراق در تامین برق مورد نیاز این کشور در سال گذشته و اعتراضات مردمی گفت: عبدالکریم موسوی مدیرکل گاز عراق تاکید کرد که این کشور به تبادل بیش از هزار مگاوات برق با ایران نیاز دارد.
دولت دونالد ترامپ، ۸ کشور را از تحریم های نفتی خود که از روز ۱۳ آبان آغاز شده مستثنی کرد که یکی از این کشورها، عراق است. عضو اتاق بازرگانی با یادآوری افزایش میزان صادرات ایران به عراق از ۲۱ مارس تا ۲۳ اکتبر سال جاری ادامه داد: هیات وزرای ناظر بر انرژی عراق برای مستثنی شدن از تحریم های آمریکا فشار زیادی به این کشور آورد و شرط این موضوع نیز معامله بدون دلار بود و به همین دلیل ارتباطات مالی ایران عراق به سمت استفاده از ریال و دینار و همچنین یورو رفته است.
نایب رییس کمیسیون سرمایه گذاری اتاق بازرگانی گفت: هنوز نام بانک دولتی عراق که قرار است حساب ویژه واریز مبلغ صادرات ایران به دینار یا یورو در آن واریز شود، اعلام نشده است. وی ادامه داد: وزارت دارایی عراق و کمیته وزارت خارجه این کشور تاکید دارند طلب های ایران از دولت عراق نیز به دینار به آن حساب واریز شود.
عضو اتاق بازرگانی در پاسخ به این سوال خبرنگار ایبِنا که امکان واردات با استفاده از آن حساب نیز وجود دارد یا نه، گفت: به طور حتم امکان تامین مبلغ واردات از این حساب نیز وجود دارد با این حال بیشتر محصولات ایرانی به عراق صادر می شوند. علیپور ادامه داد: شرط مستثنی شدن عراق از تحریم های آمریکا تبادل غیر دلاری بوده و می توان از دینار و یورو استفاده کرد.
منبع: ایبِنا Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği ve Kadın Olmak
1996 yılının Aralık ayında, Japon hükümeti 2000 yılı için Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği Planını hazırladı. Bu durum, 1999’da Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Temel Yasasının yürürlüğe girmesini sağladı. Bu yasada ele alınan beş temel ilke: kadın ve erkek için insan haklarına saygı, sosyal sistem ve uygulamaların göz önünde bulundurulması, politikaların planlanması ve karara bağlanması, aile hayatındaki faaliyetlerin ve diğer faaliyetlerin uyum çalışması ve uluslararası işbirliğidir.
1999 yasası uyarınca, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Temel Planı, Aralık 2000’de Bakanlar Kurulu tarafından onaylandı. Bu plan, aşağıdaki 11 öncelikli hedefi içeriyor:
- Kadınların politikada karar verme süreçlerine katılımını genişletmek
- Sosyal sistemleri ve uygulamaları gözden geçirmek ve reform yapmak
- Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğine dayalı bir bakış açısıyla farkındalık yaratmak
- İstihdam alanında eşit fırsat ve muameleyi güvenceye almak
- Kırsal alanlarda cinsiyet eşitliğini sağlamak
- Kadınların ve erkeklerin çalışmalarını aile ve toplum yaşamı ile uyumlu hale getirme çabalarını desteklemek
- Yaşlıların huzur içinde yaşamaları için koşulları geliştirmek
- Kadına karşı her türlü şiddeti ortadan kaldırmak
- Kadınlar için hayat boyu sağlığı desteklemek
- Medyada kadın haklarına saygı göstermek
- Cinsiyet eşitliğini teşvik eden eğitim ve öğretimi zenginleştirmek ve seçim hakkını kolaylaştırarak “eşitliğe” katkıda bulunmak.
Ocak 2001’de merkezi hükümetin yeniden yapılanmasının bir sonucu olarak, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitliği Konseyi ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet Eşitlik Bürosu Kabine Dairesi oluşturuldu. Kabine Ofisinin beş önemli politika konseyinden biri olan Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği Konseyi, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konusundaki temel politikaları ve diğer önemli konuları inceler. Konsey, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğine ulaşmada kaydedilen ilerlemeyi izler ve hükümet politikasının toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği süreçleri üzerindeki etkisini araştırır.
Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği
Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği Bürosu, Konsey sekretaryası olarak hizmet vermektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğini benimseyen bir toplumun oluşumunun teşvik edilmesinin yanı sıra planların oluşturulması ve uygulanması ile ilgili genel koordinasyonun sağlanması için çalışılmaktadır.
Her yıl kadınların hükümete ve siyasete katılımı için çağrıda bulunuluyor. Böylelikle hükümet, kadın konseyleri ve komisyonları hakkında kadın üye sayısını artırma politikasını benimsemiştir.
Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği ve Kadınların Çalışma Koşulları
Nisan 1986’da yürürlüğe giren Erkek ve Kadın Fırsat Eşitliği Yasası, 1997 yılının Eylül ayında, kadın erkek ayrımcılığına karşı önlemler alınması amacıyla gözden geçirilmiştir. 1999 yılında uygulanan gözden geçirilmiş hükümler; işe alım, istihdam, belirli yayınların tahsisi ile birlikte işte yükselmede cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcılığı yasaklamaktadır. Ayrıca cinsel tacizin önlenmesinde işverenlere toplumsal cinsiyet temelli ayrımcılık vakaları için daha açık sorumluluk verilmiştir.
Erkekler ve Kadınlar için Eşit İstihdam Fırsatı Yasası’nın revizyonu ile birlikte, Çalışma Standartları Yasası, kadınların tatillerde, gece geç saatlerde ve diğer düzensiz çalışma saatlerinde yaptıkları işlere özel kısıtlamalar getirecek şekilde revize edildi. Bu revizyon, kadınlara özel muamele yapılmasının bir tür toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcılık olduğu fikrinin altını çizmiştir. Kadınlar ve erkekler için çalışma koşulları eşitlenmiş olsa da, aslında kadınların ev işlerini yapmak ve çocukları yetiştirmekten sorumlu oldukları konusunda yerleşmiş bir algı vardır.
Japonya’da Cinsiyet Eşitliği ve Kadın Olmak
2016 yılında Japonya’daki tüm sanayi dallarında istihdam edilenlerin % 44,2’si kadındı. 1975 yılında ise buna karşılık gelen değer % 32 olmuştur. Bu süre zarfında daha fazla sayıda kadın, özellikle hizmet ve gıda endüstrilerinde, toptan ve perakende satış noktalarında ve elektrikli ekipman üretiminde istihdam edildi.
Japonya’da yirmi yılı aşkın bir süredir devam eden ekonomik durgunluk, şirketlerin yeni üniversite mezunlarının işe alımlarında kesintiye gitmesine neden oldu. Bu da genç kızlar için çok zorlu bir ortam yaratmaktadır.
Özellikle bayan mezunlar daha fazla yarı zamanlı işe girmektedir. Pek çok şirket, tanıtım toplantılarında bayan üniversite öğrencilerinin işe alım faaliyetlerini yürütmesine rağmen, gerçek uygulamada kadınlar için uygun ya da eşit istihdam olanakları sunamayabilmektedirler.
Gerçekler, kadınların çoğunun görünmez bir engel olarak algılandığını ortaya koymaktadır. Erkek ve Kadın Fırsat Eşitliği Yasası’nın 1997 revizyonunun, bu durum üzerinde olumlu bir etki yaratmaya devam ed
|
32 | 0 | 3 |
peroxide fuel, a full load of life-support consumables, and an expansive scientific payload. One plan even called for the replacement of Cooper’s fibreglass couch with a lightweight hammock, but fears that it might stretch and the astronaut might “bounce” meant that the proposal was never approved.
Speaking at a press conference on 8 February, Cooper described his mission as “practically a flying camera.” Firstly, a slow-scan television had been installed into the capsule to monitor the astronaut and his instruments, and a battery of other cameras would be aboard: a 70 mm Hasselblad, a specially modified 35 mm device to observe the “zodiacal light,” and a 16 mm all-purpose motion picture unit. Cooper himself would wear an upgraded space suit, with a mechanical seal for his helmet, together with new gloves and a more mobile torso. His boots were integrated to make them more comfortable and the whole ensemble was much less bulky than earlier suits.
By the middle of March, the mission—officially dubbed “Mercury-Atlas-9″—appeared to be back on track, when the Atlas booster passed its acceptance trials without a single minor discrepancy. Several weeks later, on 22 April, the capsule itself was attached to the top of the rocket. After much consideration, Cooper had named his spacecraft “Faith 7,” to symbolise, he said, “my trust in God, my country, and my teammates.” Within the higher echelons of NASA, concerns were raised about the name. (A mission failure, the Washington Post told its readers, could yield unfortunate headlines, such as “The United States today lost Faith.”)
In tandem with Cooper’s preparations, there was also consideration given to attempting a “Mercury-Atlas-10″ mission, flown by Alan Shepard for up to three days, to slightly close the space-endurance gap with the Soviets. As part of NASA’s Project Orbit in February 1963, tests had already demonstrated that the Mercury capsule could theoretically support a four-day mission, although the effects of freezing or sluggishness in its hydrogen peroxide thrusters remained unknown. Shepard, of course, was in favour of a three-day flight, and had already named his spacecraft “Freedom 7-II.” Had it gone ahead, it would have launched sometime in October 1963, and Shepard even went so far as to lobby John Kennedy for support, although the president rightly deferred the issue to NASA Administrator Jim Webb. “After Cooper finished his mission,” Shepard reflected in a February 1998 oral history, “there was another spacecraft, ready to go. My thought was to put me up there and just let me stay until something ran out—until the batteries ran down, until the oxygen ran out, or until we lost a control or something; just an open-ended kind of a mission.”
As history has shown, Freedom 7-II would never fly. On 11 May 1963, Julian Scheer, NASA’s newly appointed deputy assistant administrator for public affairs, emphatically declared this fact and Jim Webb endorsed it, arguing that Gemini was already primed for long-duration missions. His rationale was that it was pointless to demonstrate a capability, just once, with an obsolete system. Moreover, an accident on Shepard’s flight could set Project Gemini back in its tracks. In mid-June, the flight officially vanished from consideration and its spacecraft was put into storage. By then, Gordon Cooper had flown his 34-orbit mission, marking an end of the beginning in America’s conquest of space.
Cooper had almost missed out flying in Project Mercury entirely. Since his selection as one of the nation’s first seven astronauts in April 1959, he had gained a reputation as something of a hotshot—a daredevil pilot with a passion for fast cars—balanced against criticisms that he was a complainer who pulled dangerous stunts. (On one occasion, his F-106 jet screamed right outside, and below, the office window of Mercury operations director Walt Williams.) Even fellow astronaut Deke Slayton wrote of his personal surprise that Cooper had even been picked as an astronaut. “My first reaction was, something’s wrong,” Slayton wrote in his autobiography. “Either he’s on the wrong list, or I am.” Cooper was an engineer at Edwards Air Force Base and was not even a test pilot.
Still, the man who would fly the final Mercury mission was all but born in a pilot’s seat. His father, an Air Force lawyer and county court judge, frequently plopped his young son on his lap in the cockpit of an old Command-Aire biplane and Cooper took the controls for the first time … aged only six. By his teens, the boy was taking lessons in a J-3 Piper Cub and soloed, “officially,” at 16. The story of Cooper’s life was very much a story of his love affair with aviation. Even in his mid-seventies, he told an interviewer that “I get cranky if I don’t fly at least three times a month!”
His love of fast cars was also legendary, as flight director Gene Kranz, arriving at Cape Canaveral for his first day at work, related. “After the plane rolled to a stop,” Kranz wrote, “a shiny new Chevrolet convertible wheeled to a halt just beyond the wing tip. An Air Force enlisted man popped out, saluted, and held open the car’s door for a curly-haired guy in civilian clothes, a fellow passenger who deplaned ahead of me.” The curly-haired man offered Kranz a lift to the Cape. Quickly, he “peeled into a 180-degree turn and raced along the ramp for a hundred yards, my neck snapping back as he floored the Chevy. I had never driven this fast on a military base in my life!” For a few minutes, Kranz wondered if he had a madman behind the wheel, as the guy seemed to break every rule in the book and had no fear of being pulled over by the Air Police. Hitting the highway, he made a wide turn and took a hard left, burning rubber, and the needle quivered between 80 and 90 mph. After joyfully yelling Eeee-hah at the top of his lungs, he turned and offered his hand to Kranz.
“Hi, I’m Gordo Cooper.”
Kranz had not only met his first Mercury astronaut, but perhaps the most controversial Mercury astronaut of them all.
With a background in the Marine Corps, the Army and the Air Force and a wife, Trudy, who was also a qualified pilot, Cooper flew F-84 and F-8 jets in West Germany and served as a project engineer for the F-102 and F-106. On one occasion, several years before they became astronauts, he and another Air Force pilot, Virgil “Gus” Grissom, were aboard a T-33 together when it crashed off the end of the runway at Lowry Air Force Base. Thankfully, neither man was hurt. In early 1959, both men received mysterious classified orders to attend a briefing in Washington, D.C. After completing a battery of punishing physical and psychological tests for Project Mercury, Cooper was so confident that he would be chosen that he told his boss to start looking for a replacement and requested two weeks’ leave to move his family across country to Langley, Va. When NASA called him to ask how soon he could get to Langley, Cooper’s response was “How about now?”
As an astronaut, though, his early days were somewhat less illustrious and led several senior managers to consider bypassing him for a space mission. They regarded him as an unpredictable complainer, with a seemingly indifferent stance toward the public image that NASA wanted its astronauts to extol. Cooper protested about the lengthy periods away from his family, about the lack of opportunity to fly fast jets and collect flight pay, and he even threatened to leave the programme when his comrade, Deke Slayton, was dropped from his own Mercury mission by a heart murmur. Flying a chase aircraft over the Cape during Gus Grissom’s launch in July 1961, Cooper buzzed the launch site, momentarily disrupted communications traffic and earned himself a ticking-off from his boss. On another occasion, flying to Huntsville, he landed on a runway that was too short and asked to be refuelled. When the ground crews told him that it was too dangerous for him to take off again, Cooper shrugged, took off regardless, and made it to his destination … with fumes in his tanks!
Even in the weeks preceding Faith 7, there were persistent stories in the press that Cooper might be pushed aside in favour of his backup, Alan Shepard. So shaky was Walt Williams’ “faith” in Cooper that he approached Shepard, several months earlier, and strongly hinted that he might be tipped to fly instead. Believing the mission to be his, Shepard trained feverishly, but Deke Slayton—removed from his own flight only months earlier—felt that Faith 7 belonged to Cooper. Others agreed that it would look bad for NASA if the astronauts were swapped so soon before launch. A timely intervention by Wally Schira (who threatened to raise the roof if Cooper was overlooked) certainly helped matters, but Walt Williams was convinced that Shepard could do a better job. As partial compensation, Williams half-promised Shepard a three-day Mercury mission … which ultimately never transpired. Shepard later gained his revenge on the operations director, by lending him the keys to his Corvette. As Williams drove away, Shepard phoned the base’s security office to tell them that “someone” had just stolen his car. …
Despite having finally secured the mission as his own Cooper was possibly reacting to pent-up frustration when he took a flight in an F-106, two days before his scheduled 14 May liftoff. To the great surprise of Williams and Kraft, the astronaut made a very low pass over the Cape. “We were talking,” Kraft recalled of that quiet Sunday afternoon in Williams’ office, “and a sudden roar came upon us. The roar was a jet airplane diving onto the Cape at a very high rate of speed, which was forbidden.” Glancing out of the window, they saw Cooper in the pilot’s seat, as he flew beneath the second-floor office window. Since the Cape was restricted airspace, the switchboard quickly lit up with frantic emergency calls. Williams went berserk and threatened to have Cooper’s “ass on a plate.”
The furious operations director called Deke Slayton, who was by now in charge of the astronaut corps and Cooper’s immediate boss, to demand action. He had to shout to be heard over the din of the F-106. (Williams even phoned Alan Shepard to ask if he was ready for launch.) For his part, Slayton harboured severe reservations about Cooper, but refused to yank him off the mission. Both he and Williams allowed the astronaut to sweat about his flight status for 24 hours, and not until the evening of the 13th did the operations director finally relent and agree to let him fly. Cooper’s supporters regarded the incident as the action of a good, smart pilot and a man with a mission “to go a little bit higher and a little bit faster.” On Faith 7, he would fly higher and faster than ever before.
The second part of this article will appear tomorrow.
Want to keep up-to-date with all things space? Be sure to “Like” AmericaSpace on Facebook and follow us on Twitter:@AmericaSpace This action might not be possible to undo. Are you sure you want to continue?
It has been observed that the economy of
Nigeria was built with a view to making the
country one of the world's economic giants. The
necessary infrastructure had been put in place,
with industry and agriculture being the main-
stays of the economy. In the 1970s the oil industry
became a dominant sector and the major source
of foreign exchange, but instead of pushing the
economy forward, it was ultimately responsible
for its downturn. The high revenues from
oil exports shifted attention away from the other
sectors, resulting in their virtual collapse.
Nigeria declined into its current position as one
of the poorest countries in the world. It has
been described as 'a rich country with a poor
population - the poorest and most deprived in
This chapter attempts to assess the economic
policies of Nigeria, as part of the process of
understanding the causes of poverty. It reviews
the policy directions of various governments in
order to determine their thrust. There is a review
of key sectors of the economy - agriculture,
industry, and minerals - and a survey of official
efforts to reduce poverty, with an assessment of
their effectiveness. The chapter ends by proposing
an effective way forward.
The structure of the economy
An examination of the structure of the Nigerian
economy is essential for gaining an understanding
of the pervasiveness of poverty in the country.
At the time of independence the basis of the
national economy was mainly agrarian. The
government then took a policy decision to promote
industrial production, which was made possible
by the oil boom of the 1970s. The industrialisa-
tion process resulted in a shift in focus away
from the agricultural sector. The focus later
shifted to oil, which became a major source of
revenue. The economy became dangerously
dependent on the oil sector, which accounted
for more than 98 per cent of export earnings in
1998 (up from 58.3 per cent in 1970).192
situation has persisted until the present, which
explains why the economy has been described
as having a narrow, disarticulated, monocultural
production base, characterised by a degraded
environment and the predominance of subsis-
tence and commercial activities.193
Agriculture was the backbone of the Nigerian
economy at the time of independence. It continues
to be the main source of employment in the
economy (accounting for about 70 per cent of
the active labour force).194
However, due to over-
dependence on oil, its contribution to national
revenue declined from 80 per cent in 1960 to
1.5 per cent in 1995. Because it is the people's
main source of livelihood, its contribution to
GDP, although lower than at independence,
was nevertheless estimated to be in the range of
39 per cent in 1996 and 40.4 per cent in 1999.
Agriculture therefore remains the major con-
tributor to GDP.195
In spite of this, Nigeria
experiences perennial food deficits and has
become a major importer of food.196
governments initiated reforms to try to arrest
the decline, with measures such as increased
allocation of capital, input supply, and support
The major reasons identified as responsible
for the decline in the level of production of
agricultural products are the following.
• Deterioration in rural infrastructure.
• Lack of working capital.
• Low rate of adoption of appropriate technology.
• Poor post-harvest technology.
• Environmental degradation.
• Premature liberalisation and deregulation.
• Lack of proactive pro-farmer food pricing.
• High cost of farm inputs.
• Poor distribution of fertiliser.
• High population growth (at a rate of 2.8 per
cent per annum).
Measuring Poverty in Nigeria
In addition, the disproportionate distribution
of social services, coupled with low agricultural
output and low incomes, has resulted in a high
rate of out-migration from the rural areas to
For young people, agriculture
is no longer a sustainable means of earning a
living, and they therefore migrate to urban areas
in search of jobs and other forms of livelihood.
The ultimate effect of the drop in agricultural
production has been lower incomes for a majority
of the people who depend on the sector for their
livelihood. The decline in income has made it
impossible for them to pay for medical services
and education for their children. The high level
of psychological deprivation in the country is
one result of this.198
At independence, one of the major tasks of the
government was to transform the industrial
base of the economy, in order to diversify away
from the traditional agrarian economy.199
Nigeria's industrialisation programme was
implemented in phases and had a high level of
direct government participation. The increased
revenue from oil helped to accelerate the rate of
industrial development, but the fall in the global
price of oil in the mid-1980s created a shortage
of the foreign exchange needed to procure raw
materials and spares.200
The effect was a decline
in capacity utilisation.
During the period of Structural Adjustment,
the government
|
32 | 1 | 0 |
memory, verbal fluency, and visuospatial construction. Specifically for memory, the lowered activity of the hippocampus changes the basis for memory encoding and affects mechanisms such as long-term potentiation. Severity of impairment in different domains varies depending on whether or not a patient is being treated with HAART or monotherapy. Studies have shown that patients exhibit cognitive deficits consistent with dysfunction of fronto-striatal circuits including associated parietal areas, the latter of which may account for observed deficits in visuospatial function. In addition to cognitive impairments, psychological dysfunction is also noted. For example, patients with HIV have higher rates of clinical depression and alexithymia, i.e., difficulty processing or recognizing one’s own emotions. Patients also have more difficulty recognizing facial emotions.
Without combination antiretroviral therapy, cognitive impairments increase with successive stages of HIV. HIV patients in early stages show mild difficulties in concentration and attention. In advanced cases of HIV-associated dementia, speech delay, motor dysfunction, and impaired thought and behavior are observed. Specifically, lower motor speeds were found to correlate with hypertrophy of the right putamen.
The diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment is made using clinical criteria after considering and ruling out other possible causes. The severity of neurocognitive impairment is associated with nadir CD4, suggesting that earlier treatment to prevent immunosuppression due to HIV may help prevent HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Neuroimaging studies Investigating neurocognitive ImpairmentsEdit
A study by Melrose et al. (2008) examined the integrity of the fronto-striatal circuitry that underlies executive functioning in HIV. Participants in the study were diagnosed with HIV three months to sixteen years before the study. Ten out of eleven patients were on antiretroviral medication and none scored within the demented range on the HIV Dementia Scale. It was found that HIV+ patients showed less activity within the ventral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and left dorsolateral PFC. There was reduced connectivity between the left caudate and ventral PFC and between the left caudate and dorsolateral PFC compared to healthy controls. Additionally, there was hypoactivation of the left caudate in the HIV+ patients. In the control group, there was correlation between caudate activity and executive functioning as shown by performance on neuropsychological testing. Further analysis of the pathways in the HIV+ group involving left caudate showed reduced functional connectivity between the left caudate and globus pallidus (basal ganglia output nucleus). This dysfunction with the basal ganglia and PFC may explain the executive function and semantic event sequencing task impairments noted in HIV+ patients included in this study.
The study by Melrose et al. (2008) also investigated parietal activation. It was found that anterior parietal activation in HIV+ patients was slightly anterior to that in control participants, which follows the idea that HIV causes a reorganization of the attention network leading to cognitive impairments. Additionally, the anterior parietal activity showed a relationship with caudate functioning, which implicates a compensatory mechanism set forth when damage to the fronto-striatal system occurs .
Overall, the study by Melrose et al. (2008) showed that HIV in the brain is associated with cognitive impairments. Damage to the fronto-striatal system may underlie cognitive problems including executive function and sequencing tasks.
Another area of impairment due to fronto-striatal dysfunction is in the area of emotion recognition. In a study of HIV+ patients and control adults by Clark et al. (2010), it was shown that HIV patients demonstrate impairments in the recognition of fearful facial expressions. The authors suggested that fronto-striatal abnormalities related to HIV may underlie these impairments.
In identification tasks, administered by Clark et al. (2010), HIV+ patients and control participants were asked to identify different facial emotions and landscapes, with these picture categories matched for image complexity. HIV+ patients did worse than the control group on the facial recognition task but not on landscape identification. In the facial emotion task, fear recognition was significantly worse in the HIV than in the control group.
- ↑ Avison, MJ; Nath, A; Greene-Avison, R; Schmitt, FA; Greenberg, RN; Berger, JR (2004), "Neuroimaging correlates of HIV-associated BBB compromise", Journal of Neuroimmunology 157 (1–2): 140–146, doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.08.025, PMID 15579291
- ↑ Berger, JR; Avison, MJ (2004), "The Blood Brain Barrier in HIV Infection", Frontiers in Bioscience 9: 2680–2685, doi:10.2741/1427, PMID 15358591
- ↑ Gonzalez-Scarano, F; Martin-Garcia, J (2005), "The neuropathogenesis of AIDS", Nature Reviews Immunology 5 (1): 69–81, doi:10.1038/nri1527, PMID 15630430
- ↑ Eugenin, EA; Clements, JE; Zink, MC; Berman, JW (2011), "Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Human Astrocytes Disrupts Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity by a Gap Junction-Dependent Mechanism", Journal of Neuroscience 31 (26): 9456–9465, PMID 21715610
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Castelo, JMB; Courtney, MG; Melrose, RJ; Stern, CE (2007), "Putamen hypertrophy in nondemented patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and cognitive impairments", Archives of Neurology 64 (9): 1275–1280, doi:10.1001/archneur.64.9.1275, PMID 17846265
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Cohen, RA; Harezlak, J; Schifitto, G; Hana, G; Clark, U; Gongvatana, A; Paul, R; Taylor, M; et al. (1981), "Effects of nadir CD4 count and duration of human immunodeficiency virus infection on brain volumes in highly active antiretroviral therapy era", Journal of Neurovirology 16 (1): 25–32, doi:10.3109/13550280903552420, PMID 20113183
- ↑ Cardenas, VA; Meyerhoff, DJ; Studholme, C; Kornak, J; Rothlind, J; Lampiris, H; Neuhaus, J; Grant, RM; et al. (2009), "Evidence for ongoing brain injury in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients treated with antiretroviral therapy", Journal of Neurovirology 15 (4): 324–333, doi:10.1080/13550280902973960, PMID 19499454
- ↑ Jernigan, TL; Archibald, SL; Fennema-Notestine, C; Taylor, MJ; Theilmann, RJ; Julaton, MD; Notestine, RJ; Wolfson, T; et al. (2011), "Clinical factors related to brain structure in HIV: the CHARTER study", Journal of Neurovirology 17 (3): 248–57, doi:10.1007/s13365-011-0032-7, PMID 21544705
- ↑ Wang, X; Foryt, P; Ochs, R; Chung, JH; Wu, Y; Parris, T; Ragin, A (2011), "Abnormalities in Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Early Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection", Brain Connectivity 1: 208–217
- ↑ Castelo, JMB; Sherman, SJ; Courtney, MG; Melrose, RJ; Stern, SE (2006), "Altered hippocampal-prefrontal activation in HIV patients during episodic memory encoding", Neurology 66 (11): 1688–1695, doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000218305.09183.70, PMID 16769942
- ↑ Cysique, LA; Maruff, P; Brew, BJ (2004), "Prevalence and pattern of neuropsychological impairment in human immunodeficiency virus-infected/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients across pre-and post-highly active antiretroviral therapy eras: A combined study of two cohorts", Journal of Neurovirology 10 (6): 350–357, doi:10.1080/13550280490521078, PMID 15765806
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Bogdanova, Y; Diaz-Santos, M; Cronin-Golomb, A (2010), "Neurocognitive correlates of alexithymia in asymptomatic individuals with HIV", Neuropsychologia 48 (5): 1295–1304, doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.12.033, PMID 20036267
- ↑ Olesen, PJ; Schendan, HE; Amick, MM; Cronin-Golomb, A (2007), "HIV infection affects parietal-dependent spatial cognition: Evidence from mental rotation and hierarchical pattern perception", Behavioral Neuroscience 121 (6): 1163–1173, doi:10.1037/0735-7044.121.6.1163, PMID 18085869
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 Clark, US; Cohen, RA; Westbrook, ML; Devlin, KN; Tashima, KT (2010), "Facial emotion recognition impairments in individuals with HIV", Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 16 (6): 1127–1137, doi:10.1017/S1355617710001037, PMID 20961470
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 Heaton, RK; Franklin, DR; Ellis, RJ; McCutchan, JA; Letendre, SL; Leblanc, S; Corkran, SH; Duarte, NA; et al. (2010), "HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders before and during the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: differences in rates, nature, and predictors", Journal of Neurovirology 17 (1): 3–16, doi:10.1007/s13365-010-0006-1, PMID 21174240
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Ances, BM; Ellis, RJ (2007), "Dementia and neurocognitive disorders due to HIV-1 infection", Seminars in Neurology 27 (1): 86–92, doi:10.1055/s-2006-956759, PMID 17226745
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 Melrose, RJ; Tinaz, S; Castelo, JMB; Courtney, MG; Stern, CE (2008), "Compromised fronto-striatal functioning in HIV: An fMRI investigation of semantic event sequencing", Behavioural Brain Research 188 (2): 337–347, doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.11.021, PMID 18242723 «La sfera pubblica è una e indivisibile, anche e proprio per la ricchezza e la pluralità delle sue articolazioni, che la rendono una complessità circolare di ambiti comunicanti. Se il nomos di Dio è ammissibile in uno di essi non può essere escluso dagli altri. L’alternativa perciò è secca. O l’esilio di Dio dall’intera sfera pubblica, o l’irruzione del Suo volere sovrano — dettato come sharia o altrimenti decifrato — in ogni fibra della vita associata. Aut aut.
Ecco perché è inerente alla democrazia l’ostracismo di Dio, della sua parola e dei suoi simboli, da ogni luogo dove protagonista sia il cittadino: scuola compresa, e anzi scuola innanzitutto, poiché ambito della sua formazione. Al fedele restano chiese, moschee, sinagoghe, e la sfera privata “in interiore homine”.
(…) Perciò. La religione è compatibile con la democrazia solo se disponibile e assuefatta all’esilio di Dio dalle vicende e dai conflitti della cittadinanza, solo se pronta a praticare il primo comandamento della sovranità repubblicana: non pronunciare il nome di Dio in luogo pubblico.
(…) Le religioni compatibili con la democrazia sono dunque religioni docili, che hanno rinunciato a ogni fede militante (di sharia e martiri o di legionari di Cristo e altre comunioni e liberazioni) che intenda far valere nel secolo la morale religiosa. Sono religioni sottomesse, che hanno interiorizzato l’inferiorità della “legge di Dio” rispetto alla volontà sovrana degli uomini su questa terra. Sono religioni riformate, perché avvezzano il fedele a una vita serenamente scissa tra l’ordinamento della salvezza e l’ordinamento della convivenza, tra l’obbedienza personale ai comandamenti divini e la doverosa promozione della libertà di ciascun altro di violarli».
Paolo Flores D’Arcais, la Repubblica, 9 marzo 2015 Dr. Ingrid Rodi
Ingrid Rodi博士获得了美国妇产科委员会在妇产科和生殖内分泌和不孕症专业的董事会认证。她是美国妇产科学院的院士。Rodi博士是加州大学洛杉矶分校Geffen医学院的OBGYN临床教授（自愿）。在加州大学洛杉矶分校，她教授居民和研究员，并继续参与临床研究。罗迪博士在加利福尼亚州圣莫尼卡私人执业多年。在过去的5年里，她是加州大学洛杉矶分校的全职临床教员。她是世纪城医院生殖医学中心的前任主任。1985年至2013年，她在加利福尼亚州��
|
32 | 1 | 1 |
ı. Böylece uzun zaman yaşadılar. İdeolojik moral çöküntüsünün zehirlenmiş havasını soludular. Kibirleriyle, pek yüce ‘konumlanışları’ ve (hareketsiz) hallerinin mutlak değerine ilişkin nutuk çektiler. Öğrenciler, gitgide bataklığın daha derinine saplanırken yıllar geçip gitti.
Egemen sınıfların ve onların hükümetlerinin yağmacı politikaları sonucunda dünya savaşı patlak verdi ve bu, herkesin hızla yanıtlaması gereken ağır soruları gündeme getirdi. Bu hemen ele alınması gereken sorunlara ve gözler önüne serilen korkunç olaylara Rusya’daki çeşitli toplumsal katmanlar farklı tepkiler verdi. Şu ana kadar, öğrenciler arasında bu sorulara yönelik tek bir tutum olmamış, olamamıştır. Burjuva basın, “ulusal birliğe” dair ne kadar yalan söylerse söylesin, halk (proletarya ve köylüler) savaş istememektedir.
Öğrencilerimizin devrimci azınlığı, ‘toplum’ denen şeyle değil, halkla aynı fikirdedir. Öğrenciler, birinci devrimin (1905) barikatlarında hakla birlikteydi, gericiliğin zorlu yıllarında onlarla birlikte acı çektiler ve onlarla birlikte, halkı sadece araç olarak gören burjuvazinin alçak düşmanlığını durdurmaya çalıştılar. Öğrenciler, proletaryayla birlikte, Enternasyonal’in kızıl bayrağını bütün ülkelerin burjuvazilerinin toplu saldırısından ve sosyalizmin bazı eski öğretmenlerinden savundu. Bazı öğrencilerin şovenizm eliyle kandırıldıkları ve savaşı etkin bir şekilde kabul ettikleri ve tamamen devlet ile onun para çantaları anlamına gelen ‘vatanı’ savunmak için hayali zalimlerin önüne attıkları doğrudur.
Dünya kıyımı başladığı andan itibaren, sadece ‘karşı koymamaktan’ daha iyi bir şey bulamayanların arasında, daha önceleri devletin sınıf egemenliğinin en güçlü ifadesi olduğunu ve mevcut hükümetinin burjuva egemenliğini ifade ettiğini söyleyenler bile vardı. Bunlar, tek haklı savaşı, proletaryanın burjuvaziye ve Kanlı Nikolay tiranlığına karşı, günümüz kölelerinin günümüz zalimlerine karşı savaşı olarak görüyorlardı.
‘Karşı koymama’ kararlarıyla, kendilerini yoldaşlarının çoğundan ayırdılar. Proletaryaya sırtlarını döndüler, çözülme ve sefahata yöneldiler. Savaşın 28 ayından sonra, sanki ezilenleri savunmak için kaldırmış oldukları ellerinin, çarlıkla kardeşçe bir kucaklaşmayı ördüğünü dehşetle fark ettiler. Aldatılmış olduklarını ve hükümdarlarla dost olmanın sonu gelmeyen, sürüncemeli uzun savaşın başlıca nedeni olduğunu anladılar.
İkinci Enternasyonal, enternasyonalistler ile nasyonal sosyalist unsurlara arasındaki çelişkilerin çok şiddetli olmadığı barış zamanında dâhi devrimci eylem örgütü rolünü oynamaya uygun değildi. Ağırlıklı kısmı, emperyalist savaş durumunda acil devrimci eylemlerin gerekliliğinin bilincinde değildi. Dünya Savaşı başladığında, oportünizm ile tüketildi ve proletaryayı devrimci eyleme çağırma isteğinden yoksun hale getirildi. Belirsiz pratik konumlanışı sayesinde, sıklıkla radikalleşen entelijensiyanın sempatisini kazandı. Barış zamanında bile insanlar üzerindeki militarizm boyunduruğunu çıkarıp atamazsa, yaratılmış ‘büyük’ kıyım zamanında bunu yapmaya çok daha az muktedir olacaktı. Birleşik dünya burjuvazisi, Enternasyonal ile karşı karşıya kaldığında daha yürekli adımlar atmak gerekiyordu ancak tek bir eylem arkasında birleşemedi. İkinci Enternasyonal’in pratik konumlanışının iflası, yürekli eylemler gerçekleştirmesi gerektiğinde örgütlülüğünün ve iradesinin hâlâ ne kadar zayıf olduğunu gösterdi.
Bu tarihsel ders boşa gitmedi. Kan ve gözyaşı denizinden, yaralıların iniltilerinden devrimci proletaryanın ve eylemin uluslararası örgütü olarak Üçüncü Enternasyonal ortaya çıkacak. Birinci Zimmerwald Konferansı toplandığında, gelecekteki Enternasyonal’in güçlerini bir araya getirme girişimi olarak Avrupa proletaryasına yönelik ‘manifesto’sunu sıcak karşılamıştık.
Savaşın en başından itibaren, enternasyonal işçi sınıfının tekil parçaları arasındaki örgütsel bağlantı koptu. İşçi sınıfı, kendisine karşı birleşmiş olan burjuvaziye karşı sosyalist zaferlerini korumaktan başka bir şey yapamazdı. Şimdi örgütsel dağılma evresinden çıkarak, devrimci eylem temelinde birleşme evresine geçiyor. Bundan böyle yoldaşlar, her birimiz tarafından sahip olunan inançlar, sosyalist örgütlere katılma derecemizle ölçülecektir. Şu andan itibaren bizim yanımızda olmayan her kimse bizim karşımızdadır.
İşe koyulun yoldaşlar! İllegal sosyal demokrat işçi örgütlerine girin! Savaşa ve savaşın faillerine karşı mücadele için kendi öğrenci örgütlerinizi yaratın! Bu örgütleri, Rusya Sosyal Demokrat İşçi Partisi ile bağlantılandırın. Bunların içinde sosyalist ve devrimci propagandayı güçlendirme ruhuyla yasal demokratik örgütlerde de çalışabilirsiniz. Harekete geçmek ve konuşmak için inisiyatif alın! Mümkün olan her şekilde, insanların tüm Rusya’nın despotunun süngüsünden özgürleşebilmeleri için parçalar halindeki yanılsamaları yok edebilirsiniz. Çalışın! Çalışın yoldaşlar!
Duydunuz: “Emekçi erkek ve kadınlar, anneler ve babalar, dullar ve yetimler, yaralanmış ve sakat kalmış olanlar ve savaşın tüm kurbanlarına sesleniyoruz; tüm sınırlar, kanla ıslanmış alanlar, şehir harabeleri ve ceset dağları boyunca elinizi birbirinize uzatın: ‘Bütün ülkelerin işçileri, birleşin!’ Bunlar, ilk Zimmerwald Manifestosu’ndan sözler. Bunları duydunuz mu? ‘İki yıl dünya savaşı. İki yıl yıkım. İki yıl kana bulanmış kurbanlar ve kudurmuş gericilik. Bunun sorumluluğunu kim taşıyacak? Barut fıçısına yanan meşaleyi atanları kim arkasında saklar? Kim savaş istedi ve uzun zamandan beri buna hazırlandı? Egemen sınıflar yaptı!’
Duyuyor musunuz yoldaşlar: ‘Mezara yatırılmış milyonlarca insan, mateme sokulmuş milyonlarca aile, dul ve yetime döndürülmüş milyonlarca aile, harabe üstüne yığılmış enkaz ve kültürel değerlerin yok edilmiş eşsiz nesneleri ile savaş çıkmaz bir sokağa girdi.’ ‘Ne fatihler ne de fethedilmişler var. Daha kesin olarak hepsi yenildi, kan kaybıyla zayıf düştü, harap oldu, tükendi. Bunlar, dehşet dolu savaşın sonuçları. Dolayısıyla, egemen sınıfların emperyalist dünya egemenliğine dair hayalleri gerçek olmayacak.’
Duyuyor musunuz yurttaşlar: ‘Barışta, kapitalist sistem emekçiyi tüm yaşam zevklerinden mahrum bırakır. Savaşta her şeyden, yaşamından bile mahrum bırakır. Cinayetler yeter! Acılar yeter! Yıkım yeter! İnsanların katline olabildiğince çabuk bir şekilde son vermek için tasarrufunuzda olan bütün araçları kullanın! Savaşın acilen son bulmasını talep edin! Mahvedilmiş ve harap olmuş insanlar – kendinizi mücadeleye sürün! Daha cesurca hareket edin! Çoğunluk olduğunuzu ve eğer isterseniz baskın kuvvet olabileceğinizi hatırlayın. Savaşa yönelik nefretin ve toplumsal kurtuluşa dair arzunun tüm ülkelerde büyüdüğünü hükümetlere gösterin. Böylece halklar arasında barışın vakti yaklaşacak. Kahrolsun savaş!’
Bunlar ikinci Zimmerwald Manifestosu’ndan sözcükler: ‘Mahvedilmiş ve harap edilmiş halka.’ Bu, sosyalizmin davetkâr sesi! Büyük olayların eşiğindeyiz. Beklemiyorlar. Oyalanmayın yoldaşlar! Geç kalmamaya dikkat edin! Enternasyonal’in öncü birliği katliamı, iğrenç köleliği durdurmak, yeni yaşam biçimleri yaratmak için kanla bulanmış alana şimdiden girmiş durumda. Bütün yeni ve büyük güçler, devrimin zaferi için ve halkın isyan festivaline doğru ilerliyor. Onları sırtlarından hançerlemeyeceğiz. Arkalarından takip edeceğiz. Bu nedenle ileri yoldaşlar! Uzlaşmaz mücadelenin şerefli, kızıl bayrakları altındaki Rusya Sosyal Demokrat İşçi Partisi saflarında yer alan işçilere ayak uydurun!
Çarist monarşiyi hesap vermeye çağırın! Kahrolsun savaş! Yaşasın devrim! İleri! Geçici devrimci hükümet için! Rusya Demokratik Cumhuriyeti için! Sosyalizm için! Yaşasın devrimci işçilerin Üçüncü Enternasyonal’i!
http://links.org.au/1917-view-from-streets-down-with-war-long-live-revolution adresinde yayımlanan metinden çevrilmiştir.
Çeviri: Gerçeğin Günlüğü
Gerçeğin Günlüğü'nü Facebook üzerinden takip etmek için buraya tıklayınız یک نشیمن به همراه آشپزخانه کوچک مجهز به فر از ویژگی های اتاق ها می باشد. حوله و ملافه تخت هم برای اتاق ها در نظر گرفته شده است. سایر امکانات هتل شامل استخر روباز می شود. آپارتمان ها پارکینگ اختصاصی رایگان در محل نیز در خود جای داده اند.
برج خلیفه و فوّاره دبی در 17 کیلومتری هتل کیز پلیز قرار دارند. فرودگاه بین المللی المکتوم هم 26
|
32 | 1 | 2 |
the implementation (especially the C implementation to avoid integer overflow), a numerator bigger than the denominator can be accepted. The tuple may be normalized later.
Tuple of integers have been rejected because they don't support arithmetic operations.
On Windows, the QueryPerformanceCounter() clock uses the frequency of the processor which is an arbitrary number and so may not be a power or 2 or 10. The frequency can be read using QueryPerformanceFrequency().
timespec is the C structure used to store timestamp with a nanosecond resolution. Python can use a type with the same structure: (seconds, nanoseconds). For convenience, arithmetic operations on timespec are supported.
Example of an incomplete timespec type supporting addition, subtraction and coercion to float:
class timespec(tuple): def __new__(cls, sec, nsec): if not isinstance(sec, int): raise TypeError if not isinstance(nsec, int): raise TypeError asec, nsec = divmod(nsec, 10 ** 9) sec += asec obj = tuple.__new__(cls, (sec, nsec)) obj.sec = sec obj.nsec = nsec return obj def __float__(self): return self.sec + self.nsec * 1e-9 def total_nanoseconds(self): return self.sec * 10 ** 9 + self.nsec def __add__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, timespec): raise TypeError ns_sum = self.total_nanoseconds() + other.total_nanoseconds() return timespec(*divmod(ns_sum, 10 ** 9)) def __sub__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, timespec): raise TypeError ns_diff = self.total_nanoseconds() - other.total_nanoseconds() return timespec(*divmod(ns_diff, 10 ** 9)) def __str__(self): if self.sec < 0 and self.nsec: sec = abs(1 + self.sec) nsec = 10**9 - self.nsec return '-%i.%09u' % (sec, nsec) else: return '%i.%09u' % (self.sec, self.nsec) def __repr__(self): return '<timespec(%s, %s)>' % (self.sec, self.nsec)
The timespec type is similar to the format (E) of tuples of integer, except that it supports arithmetic and coercion to float.
The timespec type was rejected because it only supports nanosecond resolution and requires to implement each arithmetic operation, whereas the Decimal type is already implemented and well tested.
Add a string argument to function returning timestamps, example: time.time(format="datetime"). A string is more extensible than a type: it is possible to request a format that has no type, like a tuple of integers.
This API was rejected because it was necessary to import implicitly modules to instantiate objects (e.g. import datetime to create datetime.datetime). Importing a module may raise an exception and may be slow, such behaviour is unexpected and surprising.
A global flag like os.stat_decimal_times(), similar to os.stat_float_times(), can be added to set globally the timestamp type.
A global flag may cause issues with libraries and applications expecting float instead of Decimal. Decimal is not fully compatible with float. float+Decimal raises a TypeError for example. The os.stat_float_times() case is different because an int can be coerced to float and int+float gives float.
Instead of hard coding how timestamps are created, a new protocol can be added to create a timestamp from a fraction.
For example, time.time(timestamp=type) would call the class method type.__fromfraction__(numerator, denominator) to create a timestamp object of the specified type. If the type doesn't support the protocol, a fallback is used: type(numerator) / type(denominator).
A variant is to use a "converter" callback to create a timestamp. Example creating a float timestamp:
def timestamp_to_float(numerator, denominator): return float(numerator) / float(denominator)
Common converters can be provided by time, datetime and other modules, or maybe a specific "hires" module. Users can define their own converters.
Such protocol has a limitation: the timestamp structure has to be decided once and cannot be changed later. For example, adding a timezone or the absolute start of the timestamp would break the API.
The protocol proposition was as being excessive given the requirements, but that the specific syntax proposed (time.time(timestamp=type)) allows this to be introduced later if compelling use cases are discovered.
Other formats may be used instead of a fraction: see the tuple of integers section for example.
To get the creation, modification and access time of a file with a nanosecond resolution, three fields can be added to os.stat() structure.
The new fields can be timestamps with nanosecond resolution (e.g. Decimal) or the nanosecond part of each timestamp (int).
If the new fields are timestamps with nanosecond resolution, populating the extra fields would be time consuming. Any call to os.stat() would be slower, even if os.stat() is only called to check if a file exists. A parameter can be added to os.stat() to make these fields optional, the structure would have a variable number of fields.
If the new fields only contain the fractional part (nanoseconds), os.stat() would be efficient. These fields would always be present and so set to zero if the operating system does not support sub-second resolution. Splitting a timestamp in two parts, seconds and nanoseconds, is similar to the timespec type and tuple of integers, and so have the same drawbacks.
Adding new fields to the os.stat() structure does not solve the nanosecond issue in other modules (e.g. the time module).
Because we only need one new type (Decimal), a simple boolean flag can be added. Example: time.time(decimal=True) or time.time(hires=True).
Such flag would require to do a hidden import which is considered as a bad practice.
The boolean argument API was rejected because it is not "pythonic". Changing the return type with a parameter value is preferred over a boolean parameter (a flag).
Add new functions for each type, examples:
Adding a new function for each function creating timestamps duplicate a lot of code and would be a pain to maintain.
Add a new module called "hires" with the same API than the time module, except that it would return timestamp with high resolution, e.g. decimal.Decimal. Adding a new module avoids to link low-level modules like time or os to the decimal module.
This idea was rejected because it requires to duplicate most of the code of the time module, would be a pain to maintain, and timestamps are used modules other than the time module. Examples: signal.sigtimedwait(), select.select(), resource.getrusage(), os.stat(), etc. Duplicate the code of each module is not acceptable.
This document has been placed in the public domain. Plastik sanatlar nelerdir, hangi sanatlar plastik sanatların içine girer? Plastik sanatların özellikleri, kavramlar ve örnekleri, hakkında bilgi.
Plastik sanatlar, heykel veya seramik gibi kalıplama veya modelleme yoluyla plastik bir ortamın fiziksel manipülasyonunu içeren sanat formlarıdır. Daha az sıklıkla bu terim, edebiyat ve müziğin aksine tüm görsel sanatlar (resim, heykel, film ve fotoğraf gibi) için geniş bir şekilde kullanılabilir. Plastik sanatlarda kullanılacak malzemeler, daha dar bir tanımla, taş veya ahşap, beton, cam veya metal gibi oyulabilen veya şekillendirilebilen malzemeleri içerir.
“Plastik” terimi, icat edildiklerinden beri belirli sentetik organik reçineleri ifade etmek için kullanılmıştır, ancak “plastik sanatlar” terimi onlardan çok önce gelmiştir. Terim, Piet Mondrian’ın “Neoplastizm” kavramıyla da karıştırılmamalıdır.
Hantmann’a göre Sanat
Hartmann’a göre sanat dalları dörde ayrılır;
- Grafik
- Yazı sanatı
- Resim
- Heykel
Hartmann, resmi plastik sanatlardan ayrı tutmuştur. Bunun nedeni, resmin iki boyutlu olmasıdır. Plastik sanatlar ise üç boyutludur. Bir sanatı plastik olarak kabul edebilmek için onun her cephesinden seyredilebilir olması gerekir. Sanat nesnesi olarak kabul edilen objenin sağından, solundan, önünden, arkasından, üstünden, altından bakılabilmeli. Bu açıdan baktığımızda resim, fotoğraf, grafik, hat, minyatür, tezhip gibi sanatlar plastik sanatlar içerisine girmez.
Plastik sanatlar ve görsel sanatlar kavramları
20. yüzyılda gelişen sanat akımlarından plastik sanatlar kavramı değişmeye başlamıştır. Hazır yapıt (bulunmuş sanat) gibi yeni sanatsal öneriler, bir sanat eseri elde etmek için şu ya da bu malzemeyi değiştirmenin gerekli olup olmadığını sorgulamamıza neden oldu. 20. yüzyılın ortalarında plastik sanatlar ve tüm yeni medyayı kapsayan görsel sanatlar terimi kullanılmaya başlandı.
Plastik sanatlarda kavramlar
Plastik sanatçı, kendini profesyonel olarak bu tür sanatların gelişimine adamış kişidir. Bazı durumlarda sanatçı aynı anda birkaç sanatsal disiplini kullanır. Bunun nedeni, sanatçının bilgisini farklı malzemeler, medya, teknikler ve amaçlarla eserlerini yapmak için kullanmasıdır.
Geleneksel olarak sanat okulları, öğrencilere yaratıcı potansiyellerini geliştirmek için çeşitli sanat disiplinleriyle çalışma ve yaratıcılığını artırma olanağı sunar. Bu mümkündür çünkü plastik sanatlar, tasarım unsurları, renk teorileri ve psikolojisi gibi tüm sanat disiplinlerinde ortak olan ilke ve kavramlara dayanmaktadır. The concept of sustainable development is globally endorsed and I would say it has some unquestionable type of “cult following”. Positioned in conversations as the way to “save the world” from the looming destruction, reduce poverty, grow the economy; you find it everywhere in discourses, policies, political manifestos, scholarship applications, NGO agendas, funding terms, corporate yearly reports, school curriculum and it always reminds us of the SDGs. An environmental activist dealing with the impact of the oil spill in Nigeria’s Niger Delta region told me once he was critical of the concept and the SDGs, I never understood then. Some may have read and understood the critique of the concept often used interchangeably with the concept of sustainability (more on the long-term basis). To put it simply, Sustainable development is a man-made concept that is focused on “development” A.K.A… Economic growth(GDP-ish) as the vehicle to achieve sustainability and particularly the SDGs are the steps (with indicators as metrics) to achieve the long-term goal of sustainability. Maybe, we can save the world!
The thing about “Sustainable Development” is that many of us do not look beyond the surface value of the definition. It is easy to be hyped up about it in trying to help humanity that we may have missed the critical understanding of the concept, hence, all our approaches to solving what we have defined as problems (never mind who or what is left our left in achieving problem definition) are essentially flawed from the foundation. But in case, you have never thought deeply about how the concept of sustainable development is flawed, this article i hope can help and this is a reminder for those who already know.
An important point is that some progress has been made from countless United Nations conferences, deliberations on human progress, particularly the 1992 United Nations Conference on Economic and Development (UNCED), popularly called “The Earth Summit” at Rio de Janeiro where commendable deliberations, agreements and treaties like Convention on Biodiversity (CBD), Rio Declaration on Environment and Development Agenda 21 and Commission of Sustainable Development was created. Despite the pains from conference fatigue of numerous conferences attended in the past and those to come in the future, the effort for including non-governmental actors, interest groups like indigenous, women, and child rights groups as well as corporate bodies has gained traction.
Sustainable Development and Flawed Elements
The widely accepted definition of sustainable development comes from the 1987 Brundtland report known as Our Common Future defined as:
“Sustainable development is a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“ (i know you are probably tired of seeing this definition). The popular Venn diagram that shows the nexus and interactions of the 3 Ps; Planet, People, Profit, the 3 pillars of sustainable development (Purvis, et al., 2019), social, economy and environment interactions at different levels. Essential human Needs and Limits of technology (along with human capacity) were the 2 main considerations of the Brundtland report.
Three pillars of sustainability (Tedeschi, et al., 2015)
However, Sustainable Development has become an “over-worked” buzzword with a meaning that remains rather elusive. As an ambiguous concept open to diverse interpretations which insufficiently capture the whole picture, shifting from logic to semantics. (Mebratu,1998; Du Pisani, 2006; Meadowcroft, 2017). It is actively used as other normative ideas like freedom, democracy, feminism in international discourses, research, policy deliberations within different ontological and epistemological frames. The vagueness associated with the concept means everyone could mistake it as doing some good to save the earth by interpreting the concept within their political and social construct. How people define it and interpret it reflects on how they approach sustainable development problems and solutions. The ambiguous nature also translates to lacking specificity, not defining who should do what and responsibilities are shifted to others. Not much can be achieved in such situations.
One positive this about the Brundtland Report is that it attempted to “reconcile economic growth with environmental protection and not view them as tradeoffs since one is not possible without the other” (Axelrod et al, 2011). This report considered the division between the Global North (forgoing some comfort) and South (readjusting aspirations). It hoped to open up discussions on finding a middle ground of compromise since both the rich and poor countries had to change consumption patterns eventually regardless of the dispute. This allowed for the possibility of bringing more people to the table of key negotiations (leave no one behind) especially the global south to clear any doubt of it being another colonization agenda Whether this has been successful, remains a heated debate because there will always be someone who will be left out and there will be winners and losers.
The Brundtland report was focused on development being the end goal. Screams “Anthropocentric” but i would argue that as long as human elements are involved there will be an anthropocentric undertone (same goes for Circular/ Green Economy). So, maybe Anthropocentric as a term is not exactly evil in every context. Development within the frame of the Brundtland definition means improving human social conditions, health, education, economy, prosperity within environmental limits (balance between demand and the environment). Balance refers to intergenerational equity translates to the state of equilibrium between human contentment and appropriate
|
32 | 1 | 3 |
, and of appointing delegates from time to time (under the direction of a general Representation thereof) to meet the delegates of the other Colonies for such purposes as shall be hereafter pointed out."
The Declaration of Independence was not written in a top-down approach in which national leaders had an idea, expressed it, and state leaders followed suit. It was an approach that came from the bottom-up — from the colonies, from the states.
First, there was the Halifax Resolves. Then there was the Declaration of Independence. Back to Article List
Separate and Recycle!
Release Date: January 28, 2008
Recycling is once again a hot issue because of State regulations, the new County Solid Waste Management Plan Amendment 2007, and the rising cost of raw materials.
Separate and Recycle!
By Barry Fisher
Recycling is once again a hot issue because of State regulations, the new County
Solid Waste Management Plan Amendment 2007, and the rising cost of raw materials.
A new Plan describes the County's strategy to recycle and specifically lists our
The State recently certified (in part) the County's new "Solid Waste Management
Plan Amendment 2007". This Plan outlines a strategy for handling all solid waste
in the County, which includes trash, demolition waste, and unusable equipment. The
largest portion of the Plan consists of rules that are intended to increase recycling.
We all know the purpose behind recycling: to reduce waste by reusing raw materials
in the things that we throw away. When you consider that nearly everything we buy
comes in a package or container that must be thrown out, this raw material is considerable.
Recycling is economically valuable as the cost of raw materials has become very
volatile, including the oil used in plastics. In fact, the State requires that every
County fully recover 50% of the type of raw materials that we might otherwise throw
in a garbage can and put at the curb. Unfortunately, recycling rates are at roughly
half of that State requirement.
This Plan outlines a strategy to bring recycling
rates to 50%. To achieve this, the vast majority of recyclable materials listed
below must be separated from regular, landfill-destined "garbage" when they are
thrown away. So, instead of using one receptacle for trash, we all need to have
-conveniently located- three receptacles for paper, containers, and non-recyclables
as needed. The responsibility for separating what we throw out and keeping these
items separated rests on all of us.
The recovery of raw materials is good for the
County. First, our Sussex County Municipal Utilities Authority landfill is expected
to be full within ten years. After ten years, another solution for our solid waste
must be found - this has yet to be determined. Secondly, our stewardship of solid
waste is linked to the beauty of our landscape. Perhaps it could be no better said
than in this sample of children?s renderings recently posted in the lobby of the
County Administration Center:
Lastly, recycling is required by State Law.
Designated recyclable materials may not be mixed with other waste. The following
materials are "Designated" in the Plan:
and Junk Mail, Office Paper
Containers: #1 Plastic, #2 Plastic, Tin and Bimetal
Cans, glass (including colored)
Aluminum pans, cans & pie plates
Additional materials must be recycled by "Non-Residential" generators,
which includes businesses, schools, hospitals, colleges, and other institutions.
These are listed in Chapter 8 in the Plan.
Plan is on the County website, (or select
"Planning Division" from the "Departments" link on the home page.)
We also welcome you to attend Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC) meetings, held
on most second Tuesdays of the month (or the first Tuesday in February) at 7:30
in the first floor of the County Administration Center at One Spring Street, Newton.
These meetings are open to the public and need representation by municipalities. 10 Interesting Facts about Costa Rica
Nestled between Nicaragua and Panama, Costa Rica offers unique travel experiences and breathtaking views, but what you don’t know about Costa Rica may surprise you! We’ve compiled a list of 10 interesting facts that will not only make you want to pack your bags, but you may just get that next Jeopardy question right.
- Several species of frog, bird, and other animals are endemic to the area, meaning they aren’t found anywhere else. This includes the strawberry poison dart frog, which has skin that comes in many colors but is also toxic.
- The Costa Rican army was abolished in 1949 after a bloody 44-day civil war. The military budget was used to create an “army of teachers” — Costa Rica has universal public education and today it has a 97% literacy rate.
- Its Nicoya Peninsula is a Blue Zone, or a place where people live much longer than the global average. The average lifespan for the country is 79.3 years, but in Nicoya, people regularly live active lives past 100.
- Costa Rica gained independence from Spain, along with other Central American nations, in 1821. Before becoming an independent country, it briefly considered becoming part of Mexico, Guatemala, or Colombia.
- While the primary language spoken in Costa Rica is Spanish, there are five indigenous languages spoken, and two others recently went extinct.
- Arenal is Costa Rica’s youngest volcano, at only 7,500 years old. It erupted in 1968, destroying three towns, and last erupted in 1998. It’s been dormant since 2010.
- Costa Rica is the most visited nation in Central America. While its biggest exports include bananas and coffee, today its economy relies on tourism. For that reason, while Spanish is the official language, most people speak English.
- Over 25% of Costa Rica’s land is protected natural area. The country has 27 national parks, despite its small size (it’s just a bit smaller than West Virginia).
- Costa Rica is home to four species of monkeys, including the white-headed capuchin, which is recognizable due to its appearance in TV and films like Pirates of the Caribbean. Monkeys are known for snatching up tourists’ food and other items.
- Street names are rare outside of San Jose. Instead, locals will use landmarks to get around.
Learn more about our educational travel programs to Costa Rica. [ad_1]
زمانی وجود داشت که من به خیلی چیزها حسادت می کردم – از کسانی که در طول دورگا پوجو با یک دوست دختر پاپلاند می رفتند ، و کسانی که به اندازه کافی برای نشان دادن مدرسه یا دانشگاه خود در کریکت بودند. با گذشت سالها ، من به یک انسان بهتر تبدیل شده ام ، از این جهت که دیگر اعتراف نمی کنم که حسادت می کنم ، اما هنوز یک چیز وجود دارد که مرا تحریک می کند.
توانایی افراد در خوردن غذا بدون نتیجه.
حالا اشتباه نکنید ، این تصاویر غذا به خودی خود نیستند که باعث می شوند من زیر یقه گرم شود. من به اندازه شخص بعدی تصاویر غذا را ارسال می کنم. پس از همه ، من می خواهم شما بدانید که من در زندگی روزمره زندگی ام خوشحال و راضی هستم ، زیرا اگر این کار را نمی کردم ، چرا یادم می آید قبل از خوردن غذای لعنتی عکس بگذارم؟
آنچه واقعاً بز من را تحریک می کند متابولیسم شگفت انگیزی است که برخی افراد میانسال دارند و آنها را قادر می سازد تا غذا بخورند و بدون بیماری و نسبتاً متناسب باشند ، شاید نه هیو جکمن از ولورین ، اما قطعاً از نوعی نیست که از دیدن اعداد در چک سالانه آنها ، گویا این علائم شما در مقاله دوم بنگالی است.
نه به این دلیل نیست که آنها ورزش می کنند یا هر چیز دیگری ، به من نگو که بالاخره من هم چنین می کنم ، اما به این دلیل است که آنها از ژن های مناسبی برخوردار شده اند که باعث می شود غذا از آنها دور شود ، در حالی که برای من غذا مانند سیف است علی خان از امتیهاان به این دلیل که “Tere chehere pe apni nazar chor jayoonga” را می خواند.
دریافت ژن های متابولیسم احتمالاً بهترین وراثت است ، حتی بهتر از ریاست حزب کنگره یا حق رای دادن به IPL. این یک هدیه است که مدتی طول می کشد تا ارزش خود را نشان دهد ، شما تا رسیدن به 40 سالگی متوجه نمی شوید چه چیزی دارید ، این زمانی است که مانند یک پیوند طولانی مدت که تأثیر می گذارد ، تأثیر آن شروع می شود. رابطه شما با غذا سمی نخواهد بود ، از این جهت که یک وعده غذایی خوب گناهی به همراه نخواهد داشت ، از نوع “آن بریانی بسیار خوب بود ، اما من احتمالاً زندگی نمی کنم تا دخترم را ازدواج کنم زیرا من تازه آن را داشتم.”
بنابراین ، بله ، من به همه کسانی که دارای ثروت ژنتیکی هستند ، غبطه می خورم ، کسانی که از به روزرسانی های خود در شبکه های اجتماعی استفاده می کنند این واقعیت را نشان می دهند که در حالی که به دیگران فشار خون بالا یا دیابت داده شده ، آنها از کربوهیدرات ها و غذاهای روغنی مصونیت دارند.
سلب مسئولیت
این مقاله برای ایجاد لبخند به لب شما است. هرگونه ارتباط با وقایع و شخصیت ها در زندگی واقعی تصادفی است.
پایان مقاله Il valore in borsa dell’azienda di auto elettriche Tesla ha raggiunto i 102,7 miliardi di dollari (circa 90 miliardi di euro) e Tesla è diventata quindi la seconda società automobilistica per valore in borsa, scavalcando il gruppo Volkswagen, la cui capitalizzazione è di poco meno di 100 miliardi di dollari. La prima società in questa classifica è Toyota, che vale più di 230 miliardi di dollari. Al risultato di Tesla ha contribuito il recente rialzo delle sue azioni, dovuto ai buoni risultati economici dell’ultimo trimestre dello scorso anno e al fatto che le vetture promesse nel 2019 (almeno 360mila unità) hanno cominciato effettivamente a essere consegnate, in particolare sul mercato cinese. Il superamento della soglia di 100 miliardi di dollari dovrebbe sbloccare un premio di oltre 50 milioni di dollari per il CEO di Tesla, Elon Musk. Researchers from Radboud University Nijmegen and B-WARE Research Centre have discovered new methane-consuming bacteria in the soil beneath the Brun
|
32 | 2 | 0 |
رگ برای جهان است که از آن با نام زلزله خاموش یاد میشود و این مسئله تنها مختص ایران نیست».
الهه روانشاد در این باره دیدگاه ناصر کرمی، اقلیمشناس و استاد دانشگاه برگن در نروژ، را جویا شده است: Vegetable crops like tomatoes, peppers, corn and cucumbers take a heavy toll on the soil' structure and make-up. They devour valuable nutrients as they grow to produce the very fruits and vegetables we love to eat. Eventually, after a few years - even the best of soils will begin to break down and weaken if not replenished and re-energized. Soil that becomes weak in nutrients will result in successively weaker crop yields that are also increasingly prone to disease and pests.
So what is the best way to keep your garden strong? Feed your soil!
And no - we're not talking about heaping on generous amounts of expensive synthetic fertilizers. Those are temporary fixes to a problem that can leave your soil weak, unstable, and full of excess salts and chemicals. The scepticalchymist is a science blog, devoted largely to chemistry and chemical biology, by the editors of Nature and the Research journals. Joshua Finkelstein, associate editor of Nature, has a post on yesterday’s news in the BBC, which reported that scientists have found a technique which may lead to a cheap production of the anti-malarial drug artemisinin, which as part of a drug regimen is nearly 100% effective.
This work was funded by a $42.6 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which was was awarded to the California Institute of Quantitative Biomedical Research at University of California, Berkeley, Amyris Biotechnologies, and the Institute for OneWorld Health (a non-profit pharmaceutical company). It’s an interesting collaboration:
To ensure affordability, UC Berkeley has issued a royalty-free license to both OneWorld Health and Amyris to develop the technology to treat malaria. Amyris will transform the Keasling lab’s research into a robust fermentation process and perform the chemistry and scale-up necessary to bring the drug to market. OneWorld Health will conduct pre-clinical studies and implement a global access strategy for the drug. Sis oyunlar java oyunlardan ne farkı var Forum Alevarkadaşlar bu uzantılı oyunlar java oyunlardan ne farkı vardır bana bi açıklarmısnız
Sis oyunlar java oyunlardan ne farkı var Forum Alevarkadaşlar bu uzantılı oyunlar java oyunlardan ne farkı vardır bana bi açıklarmısnız
SIS yada sis oyunları genellikle Nokia telefonları için çıkarılan ve Symbian işletim sistemi destekleyen telefonlar içindir.
Bu her zaman böyledir.
sis uzantılı oyunlar her telefona yüklenemez. Zaten her telefon sis uzantılı oyun veya program desteklemez. Nedeni de telefonun işletim sisteminden kaynaklanıyor. Bu bir sorun değil aslında. Genellikle Symbian işletim sistemi destekleyen yani sis uzantılı dosya yüklemeyi destekleyen telefonlar aynı zamanda (*.jar) formatındaki java dosyaları da yüklemeyi destekler.
Ama bu durum sadece *.jar dosyası destekleyen java destekli telefonları için geçerli değildir.
Bir örnek vermek gerekirse eğer Samsung D900 telefonu.
Bu telefona sis dosyaları yüklenmez çünkü işletim sistemi farklıdır ve sadece (*.jar) formatındaki java dosyaları yüklemeyi destekler.
Bu biraz karmaşık gibi görünsede aslında çok basit ve kolay anlaşılır bir sistemdir.
Forumda "Symbian Nedir?" şeklinde aratın. Daha fazla bilgi edinmiş olursunuz.
Kolay gelsin.
Ekleme: Sorunlar - Problemler - Yardım bölümünde bu başlığı açsaydın daha iyi olurdur. Çünkü sorduğun soruyu yanlış bölüme açmışsın. [b]Buona sera, dopo anni di ricerche su testi ed appunti utili per studiare e prepararsi all'esame di stato, ed un meticoloso lavoro di sintetizzazione ho realizzato dei riassunti molto utili come materiale da studiare per prepararsi all'esame di stato, propongo insieme ai riassunti anche i testi da cui ho estrapolato tutti gli argomenti, per chi fosse interessato può contattarmi al 3479534913 preferibilmente via WhatsApp, grazie per l'attenzione e buona serata. Il secondo Triumvirato e l’ascesa di Ottaviano
La successione a Cesare generò una contesa fra Antonio e Ottaviano, giovane adottato dal grande generale col nome di Gaio Giulio Cesare Ottaviano. In un primo momento Ottaviano cercò di affrontare il rivale ma, accortosi dell’opposizione del senato, dopo la nomina a console, strinse una alleanza con lui. Nell’accordo entrò anche un altro generale, Marco Emilio Lepido.
Fu così formato il secondo Triumvirato che ebbe il compito di elaborare una nuova costituzione. Tutti i rivali di Cesare entrarono nelle liste di proscrizione; vittime illustri furono Cicerone, Bruto e Cassio. I tre triumviri si spartirono l’Impero: Antonio ebbe la Gallia e l’Oriente, Lepido l’Africa e Ottaviano, pur restando in Italia, la Spagna. In seguito allo scontro tra Ottaviano e i seguaci di Antonio rimasti in Italia, fu stretto un nuovo accordo a Brindisi nel 40 a.C., secondo il quale Antonio rinunciava alla Gallia. Lepido, che aveva aiutato Ottaviano a togliere a Sesto Pompeo (figlio di Gneo) la Sicilia, la Sardegna e la Corsica, pretese per sé la Sicilia. Ottaviano, fortemente in collera, gli sottrasse l’Africa e lo cacciò dal Triumvirato lasciandogli soltanto la carica di Pontefice Massimo.
Ottaviano prese in mano l’Occidente e Antonio assunse il controllo dell’Oriente. Nel 37 a.C. Antonio convolò a nozze con Cleopatra, rescindendo di fatto il legame con Ottavia, sorella di Ottaviano. Iniziò inoltre a pretendere onori da divinità, secondo il modello orientale. Ciò indignava Ottaviano, sostenitore degli austeri valori romani, il quale, rinfacciando al rivale gli insuccessi contro i Parti, convinse il Senato a sollevare Antonio della sua carica e ad inserire ufficialmente nella lista dei nemici l’Egitto.
Lo scontro decisivo avvenne ad Azio, davanti alle coste dell’Epiro, nel 31 a.C. Il generale ed amico di Ottaviano Agrippa (valoroso nella guerra contro Sesto Pompeo), al comando delle legioni di Roma, conseguì un successo straordinario, costringendo Antonio e Cleopatra alla fuga ad Alessandria. I due si suicidarono alcuni mesi dopo, quando si videro ormai perduti in seguito all’arrivo delle truppe di Ottaviano. L’Egitto divenne così una provincia romana e Ottaviano, rientrato a Roma nel 29 a.C., fu accolto con grandi onori e celebrato con cerimonia trionfale. Renewable energy sources accounted for 62% (17GW) of the new electricity generation capacity installed in the EU27 in 2009, according to the ‘Renewable Energy Snapshots’ report, published recently by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre (JRC). The share rose from 57% in 2008. For the second year running, wind energy accounted for the largest share of the new capacity – 10.2 GW out of the 27.5 GW built, representing 38% of the total. In absolute terms, renewables produced 19.9% of Europe’s electricity consumption last year.
In 2009, and in absolute terms, about 19.9% (608 TWh) of Europe’s total electricity consumption (3042 TWh) came from renewable energy sources. Hydro power contributed the largest share (11.6%), followed by wind (4.2%), biomass (3.5%), and solar (0.4%).
With regards to the new capacity constructed that same year (27.5 GW), among the renewable sources, 37.1% was wind power, 21% photovoltaics (PV), 2.1% biomass, 1.4% hydro and 0.4% concentrated solar power, whereas the rest were gas fired power stations (24%), coal fired power stations (8.7%), oil (2.1%), waste incineration (1.6%) and nuclear (1.6%).
If current growth rates are maintained, in 2020 up to 1400 TWh of electricity could be generated from renewable sources, the report concludes. This would account for approximately 35-40% of overall electricity consumption in the EU, depending on the success of community policies on electricity efficiency, and would contribute significantly to the fulfillment of the 20% target for energy generation from renewables.
However, the report advises that some issues need to be resolved if the targets are to be met. Particular areas of focus include ensuring fair access to grids, substantial public R&D support, and the adaptation of current electricity systems to accommodate renewable electricity. The study highlights that cost reduction and accelerated implementation will depend on the production volume and not on time.
Summary of 2010 Snapshot Findings
Wind energy: with more than 74 GW of total installed capacity in 2009, has already exceeded the 2010 white paper target of 40 GW by more than 80%. The European Wind Association’s new target aims for 230 GW of installed capacity (40 GW offshore) by 2020, capable of providing about 20% of Europe’s electricity demand.
Biomass: if current growth continues, electricity output from biomass could double from 2008 to 2010 (from 108 TWh to 200 TWh). However, other energy uses such as heat and transport fuels compete for this particular source, which could potentially hinder the development of bioelectricity. Being storable for use on demand increases its importance as a source of electricity.
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP): installed capacity is still relatively small in Europe: 0.430 GW in May 2010, about 0.5% of the total, but is steadily increasing. An estimated 30 GW could be installed by 2020 if the European Solar Industry Initiative ESII is realised. Most CSP projects currently under construction are located in Spain.
since 2003, the total installed capacity has doubled each year. In 2009 it reached 16 GW, which represents 2% of the overall capacity. The growth will continue, as for 2010, installations of up to 10 GW are expected. Solar photovoltaic has also exceeded the capacity predictions formulated by in the EU white paper on renewable sources of energy.
Other sources of power: technologies such as geothermal, tidal and wave power are still at the R&D stage, so they have not yet been included in the Renewable Energy Snapshots. Yet, they are likely to be introduced to the market within the next decade. As far as hydro generation is concerned, no major increase is expected, as most of the resources are already in use. However, pumped hydro will play an increasingly important role as in a storage capacity for the other renewable energy resources. 浏览
索来戴堡系以前西班牙统治时所建做的设施, 现已很残旧, 如没事前做定功课, 经过都唔会觉得系雕堡...
查看更多
犹玛特克长老说过这里的景致将会被一直保留下来。海湾中部是一个方尖纪念碑，纪念1521年麦哲伦登岸，上...
查看更多
索来戴堡系以前西班牙统治时所建做的设施, 现已很残旧, 如没事前做定功课, 经过都唔会觉得系雕堡, 不过附近景色却是不错, 可以欣赏到南部景色
犹玛特克长老说过这里的景致将会被一直保留下来。海湾中部是一个方尖纪念碑，纪念1521年麦哲伦登岸，上面刻着“麦哲伦在这里登陆”。大多数游客经过却没有注意到。圣母得拉索来戴堡通常被当地人和导游称为索来戴堡。似乎每一个日本游客都坚持要在卫兵瞭望哨拍照，但是不知道那里还有宿舍和储藏室。可以花些时间去看这个曾经是西班牙，墨西哥以及美国历史重要一部分的地方。
我非常喜欢历史。关岛正拥有很多历史。这个展望台几乎已经坍塌了，但仍能从中可以看到它过去是如何被建造的。这里的景色，以及在这儿作为堡垒的原因都很激动人心。你可以完全看到麦哲伦当时登陆的乌马塔克湾（尽管历史学家对他登陆的真实地点意见不一）。有很多景色（可以欣赏）！你甚至可以骑驯鹿哦！
经过几次相当令人失望的关岛沿海公路的“景点”，我们几乎没有停下来，开始参观这座堡垒——我很高兴我们这么做了。这是一个很棒的旧堡垒，严重�����
|
32 | 2 | 1 |
د در روستای دهنه سر شیجان که از مهر ۹۵ شروع به فعالیت کرده بود، مراحل پایانی ساخت را طی میکند. پیش بینی میشود این ایستگاه تا اواسط آبان ماه به بهرهبرداری برسد. این ایستگاه با مجموع مساحت ۱۰۰ متر مربع شامل کانکسی با مساحت ۲۱ متر مربع جهت تحویل و تفکیک پسماند خشک، یک کانکس با مساحت ۱۲ متر مربع جهت بسته بندی و نگهداری کود کمپوست، کانکسی به مساحت ۳ متر مربع به عنوان مدیریت ایستگاه و یک سازه فلزی با مساحت ۲۰ متر مربع به عنوان ایستگاه تولید کود کمپوست از پسماند تر میباشد.
هدف از احداث این ایستگاه، تفکیک پسماند خشک و تر توسط ساکنین روستا و تحویل آنها به ایستگاه پسماند میباشد. علاوه بر این، افرادی که اطلاع کاملی از نحوه صحیح تفکیک پسماند ندارند، با حضور در ایستگاه و اجرای عملی تفکیک پسماند و همچنین استفاده از برشورهای آموزشی، از روش صحیح تفکیک پسماند و تولید کود کمپوست مطلع خواهند شد.
به منظور تولید کود کمپوست و مدیریت بهینه پسماند تر که بیشترین حجم تولیدی پسماند در روستا را به خود اختصاص داده است، سازه ای با مساحت ۲۰ متر مربع در نظر گرفته شده تا پسماند تر جمع آوری شده در روستا به کود کمپوست تبدیل شود.
طرح جمع آوری کارآمد پسماند و ترویج کمپوست، در قالب طرحهای پایلوت پروژه حفاظت اکولوژیکی تالاب انزلی و زیر کمیته مدیریت پسماند میباشد و روستای دهنه سر شیجان به عنوان اولین روستای پایلوت برای این منظور انتخاب گردید. اجرای موفقیت آمیز این طرح میتواند باعث افزایش طرحهای اینچنین در حوزه تالاب انزلی باشد که در نهایت منجر به کاهش پسماند ورودی به تالاب انزلی خواهد شد. Early Childhood Experiences and Lifelong Health
Did you know that early childhood experiences and environments have an impact on all body systems, not just the brain? Early experiences affect lifelong health as well as early learning and school readiness.
This animated video, narrated by Center on the Developing Child Director Jack P. Shonkoff, outlines what the latest science tells us. It is a quick introduction to the effects of childhood adversities on the developing brain and many other systems in the body. The negative experiences include poverty, discrimination, systemic racism, exposure to violence, and child maltreatment, abuse, and neglect.
To learn more, read:
- 5 Facts About Health That Are Often Misunderstood
- Connecting the Brain to the Rest of the Body: Early Childhood Development and Lifelong Health Are Deeply Intertwined
- Effects of positive and negative childhood experiences on adult family health
- Health and Learning Are Deeply Interconnected in the Body: A Guide for Policymakers
- InBrief: Connecting the Brain to the Rest of the Body
Family literacy programs contribute to positive early childhood experiences. They support parents and caregivers in learning about early childhood development. The benefits for children and adults can be long term.
Related Blog Posts
In honour of Pride Month, here are some recommendations for books with LGBTQ content, written for children and teens. 17 Books About Gender Non-conforming and Transgender Kids – NoTime for …
Preschoolers can learn early coding skills through hands-on, screen-free activities that are fun. The T in STEM: Creating Play-Based Experiences That Support Children’s Learning of Coding and Higher Order Thinking …
Due to COVID-19, Screen-Free Week 2020 is now Screen-Free Saturdays! One day a week, every week, families are invited to turn off their devices and connect, explore and play while … Cristo, nostra vita, nostra speranza è risorto. Tempo di Pasqua
I Lettura At.4,1-12
Pietro, colmato di Spirito Santo, disse loro: «Capi del popolo e anziani, visto che oggi veniamo interrogati sul beneficio recato a un uomo infermo, e cioè per mezzo di chi egli sia stato salvato, sia noto a tutti voi e a tutto il popolo d’Israele: nel nome di Gesù Cristo il Nazareno, che voi avete crocifisso e che Dio ha risuscitato dai morti, costui vi sta innanzi risanato. Questo Gesù è la pietra, che è stata scartata da voi, costruttori, e che è diventata la pietra d’angolo. In nessun altro c’è salvezza; non vi è infatti, sotto il cielo, altro nome dato agli uomini, nel quale è stabilito che noi siamo salvati».
Vangelo Gv.21,1-14
Quando già era l’alba, Gesù stette sulla riva, ma i discepoli non si erano accorti che era Gesù. Gesù disse loro: «Figlioli, non avete nulla da mangiare?». Gli risposero: «No». Allora egli disse loro: «Gettate la rete dalla parte destra della barca e troverete». La gettarono e non riuscivano più a tirarla su per la grande quantità di pesci. Allora quel discepolo che Gesù amava disse a Pietro: «È il Signore!». Simon Pietro, appena udì che era il Signore, si strinse la veste attorno ai fianchi, perché era svestito, e si gettò in mare. Gli altri discepoli invece vennero con la barca, trascinando la rete piena di pesci: non erano infatti lontani da terra se non un centinaio di metri. Appena scesi a terra, videro un fuoco di brace con del pesce sopra, e del pane. Disse loro Gesù: «Portate un po’ del pesce che avete preso ora». Allora Simon Pietro salì nella barca e trasse a terra la rete piena di centocinquantatré grossi pesci. E benché fossero tanti, la rete non si spezzò. Gesù disse loro: «Venite a mangiare». E nessuno dei discepoli osava domandargli: «Chi sei?», perché sapevano bene che era il Signore. Gesù si avvicinò, prese il pane
e lo diede loro, e così pure il pesce.
Chiara la testimonianza di Pietro di fronte ai Capi dei Sacerdoti e agli Anziani, nel momento della loro prigionia: Gesù è la pietra angolare, solo in Lui c’è salvezza, il suo nome salva, Gesù ha nel nome la missione di “salvare”. L’autentico successo di ogni nostra fatica è dato dal riferimento a Lui, è frutto della fiducia nella sua Parola, che ci spinge a superare i nostri limiti (vedi la pesca degli apostoli nel Vangelo) per aprirci alla bellezza dei suoi doni i quali sono l’effetto di una relazione di amore misericordioso. Poi c’è l’invito a mangiare “venite a mangiare”: è l’invito al banchetto dove il Cristo serve e “il povero è re”; Cristo è lo Sposo e noi siamo gli amici dello sposo Ezber gücünü artırmak için neler yapabilirim 2cümleyi aklımda tutamıyorum.
Hafızam için de b12.ime baktırdım değerler normal çıktı
İnsanlarda beyin olmasaydı dünya nasıl bir yer olurdu?
Kadınlar vefasız mıdır?
Kadınlar neden yanlarında fiziken ruhen ve maddiyat olarak güçlü erkek ister? Böyle düşünmeleri kadınları erkeğe göre ikinci plana itmiyor mu?
Anksiyete bozukluğu sebebiyle kullanılan Atarax ve Paxera çok uyku yapıyor ama bu ilaç tedavisi şart. Siz olsaydınız ne yapardınız?
Kış Masalını Birde Böyle Dinleyin
Gerçekten evrenin sınırlarının olduğunu düşünen var mı?
Dinen haram olmasına rağmen kumar, alkol satışı gibi işlemlere devletin aracı olmasını nasıl değerlendiriyorsunuz?
Asgari ücret kadarını bankaya yatıran, geri kalanını elden teslim eden bir işyerini şikayet etmek için ne gibi kanıtlar gerekiyor?
Proton pompası inhibitörü nedir?
Uzun yolda mide bulantısını engellemek için neler yapılabilir?
Öteki Ben
Tanrının varlığını aklınızla nasıl kanıtlarsınız?
KYK bursları nasıl krediye dönüşür?
Moraliniz bozulduğunda, kendinizi yenik hissettiğinizde, başarısızlıklar üst üste geldiğinde, bir şeyleri yoluna koymak için ne yaparsınız? Dua, meditasyon veya size özel daha farklı şeyler?
GECE 4 GECEYİ ÜSTAT LA KAPATMAK LAZIM...
Gördüğünde gözlerine inanamadığın, seni fazlasıyla cezbeden yerler nerelerdir?
Apple ürünleri neden pahalı?
Indila - Dernière Danse
Uykunun kaç evresi vardır? Uyku bozuklukları nelerdir?
Gelecekte yapay zeka insan zekasından daha kuvvetli olacak deniliyor? Burada tasarlanan, tasarlayandan nasıl daha kuvvetli (zeki) olabilir ki?
INPLOID NEDİR? به گزارش «پیروان مــوعــود»، هر چند دولتمردان کاخ سفید به طور رسمی گروهک تروریستی القاعده به سرکردگی اسامه بن لادن را که مدعی هستند او را طی یک عملیات کشته اند، متهم اصلی انفجار برج های دوقلوی سازمان تجارت جهانی معرفی کردند، ولی همواره پرده واقعی از اسرار و ابهامات این حادثه کنار زده نشده است. اما گذر زمان و تاریخ این سناریوی ساخته شده توسط سرویس های جاسوسی آمریکا، رژیم صهیونیستی و عربستان را افشا خواهد کرد.
روزنامه الدیار لبنان به نقل از مرکز مطالعاتی " پاکالرت پرس " آمریکا، جدیدترین گزارشی حاوی اسامی و واقعیت های شگفت انگیز درباره دست داشتن موساد در حا
|
32 | 2 | 2 |
rendere “stili di vita antisociali” (leggi: essere disoccupati o in malattia) una base legale per l’espulsione. Il leader del partito dei Cristiano-democratici, Cristiana Ebba Busch, non volendo essere da meno, ha criticato la polizia per non aver sparato bruscamente sui disordini scoppiati in risposta al tour del politico danese di estrema destra Rasmus Paludan nelle principali città svedesi, dove ha bruciato il Corano . Ha detto che avrebbero dovuto esserci “almeno 100 islamisti feriti, 100 criminali feriti, 100 rivoltosi feriti”.
Dal canto loro, i Socialdemocratici hanno già attuato gran parte del loro programma in 34 punti contro la criminalità organizzata, che include l’avvio di uno studio per concedere alla polizia il diritto di utilizzare “misure coercitive segrete” (sorveglianza, intercettazioni, raccolta dati), anche senza alcun fondamento concreto per sospettare un reato. Le restrizioni temporanee del 2015 al diritto di asilo sono state rese permanenti e sono state introdotte nuove regole, come quella aggiunta alla Legge sulla residenza, per cui i richiedenti asilo che vivono nelle cosiddette “aree vulnerabili” perdono il diritto ai benefici sociali.
Il fiore all’occhiello sono le dichiarazioni del ministro dell’Integrazione Anders Ygeman secondo cui la Svezia dovrebbe emulare il cosiddetto “pacchetto ghetto” danese, con limiti massimi alla percentuale di persone di origine straniera o a basso reddito in un quartiere. Ciò richiederebbe ovviamente di spostare in maniera forzata un numero di persone senza precedenti, ma lo scopo di tali dichiarazioni non è quello di risolvere alcun problema (se non per i ministri che temono di perdere il lavoro). L’obiettivo, come per altri partiti, era quello di ottenere voti nascondendo dietro frasi razziste le loro politiche contro i lavoratori.
Il leader del Partito Liberale Johan Pehrson è stato insolitamente onesto su questo in un’intervista alla radio svedese, dove ha motivato la ragione per cui il suo partito ha iniziato a collaborare con i DS:
“Posso solo dire che i partiti marginali sono cresciuti mentre gli altri non sono stato in grado di risolvere i problemi sociali chiave. Poi tendiamo ad avere partiti in crescita che dicono che è tutta colpa degli immigrati, mentre altri dicono che è colpa dei ricchi”.
Purtroppo, però, nessuno dice che la colpa sia dei ricchi. Sia i Socialdemocratici che la destra hanno portato avanti negli ultimi 40 anni tagli e misure di austerità importanti che hanno contribuito ad ampliare le divisioni di classe. E né la destra né i socialdemocratici vogliono ridurre quelle divisioni di classe, perché significherebbe sottrarre denaro (e proprietà) ai capitalisti. Entrambi sono intenti a perseguire politiche che favoriscano gli interessi dei capitalisti svedesi.
Il governo degli ultimi otto anni, che ha visto i socialdemocratici in alleanza con i Verdi e il Partito di centro (e in larga misura anche il Partito di sinistra), è stato il governo a guida socialdemocratica più di destra mai esistito. Hanno tagliato le tasse, ridotto il diritto di sciopero, assicurandosi che venisse introdotta maggiore precarietà nei luoghi di lavoro e hanno pianificato l’introduzione degli affitti a prezzo di mercato. Ora stanno portando la Svezia nella NATO, riarmando l’esercito svedese, deportando i curdi in Turchia e aumentando le esportazioni di armi. Allo stesso tempo, il messaggio principale di Magdalena Andersson (leader dei Socialdemocratici) in campagna elettorale è stato sulla necessità di accordi di governo larghi.Non c’è stato un solo problema su cui non abbia voluto raggiungere un accordo con i Moderati.
C’è un’enorme insoddisfazione per la politica di destra e la deriva a destra dei socialdemocratici, ma non ci sono partiti disposti a proporre un’alternativa. Ecco perché sia la destra che i socialdemocratici devono usare il razzismo per distogliere l’insoddisfazione lontano da loro. Fanno del loro meglio, aiutati dall’incoraggiamento entusiasta dei loro lacchè nei media borghesi, perché i lavoratori non si rendano conto che i loro problemi sono dovuti al capitalismo e alle politiche di destra e per mettere un settore della classe operaia contro l’altro.
Non sorprende che ciò abbia giovato ai DS, che per la prima volta sono riusciti a diventare il secondo partito dopo i socialdemocratici. Sta diventando sempre più incomprensibile per molti elettori della classe operaia il motivo per cui i socialdemocratici siano così desiderosi di collaborare con i Moderati mentre non riescono a contemplare un accordo con i DS, dato che hanno sostanzialmente abbracciato le loro stesse politiche e la loro retorica.
Molti lavoratori hanno concluso che non ci si può fidare di altri partiti che non siano i DS. Alcuni sono stati indotti a credere alla propaganda razzista secondo cui i tagli al welfare sono stati causati dai “costi dell’immigrazione”. Altri semplicemente sembrano essere così stufi dei socialdemocratici e delle loro politiche screditate, che sono passati ai DS. Non hanno ancora capito che i DS difendono una politica di destra ancora peggiore.
Di fronte a questo flusso infinito di propaganda nazionalista e razzista, non sorprende che il partito di nuova formazione Nyans (letteralmente “Sfumatura“) abbia avuto un grande impatto nelle periferie delle grandi città, dominate da lavoratori poveri e immigrati. Nelle elezioni municipali, i dati preliminari mostrano che Nyans ha ricevuto il 31% nel collegio elettorale del centro di Rosengård a Malmö e il 25% a Svarte Mosse a Göteborg.
Questo è un partito che si rivolge deliberatamente ai musulmani e cerca di ottenere voti parlando contro l’islamofobia, con proposte come orari separati per l’accesso ai bagni delle donne, divieto di bruciare il Corano e divieto di disegnare il profeta Maometto. Promuovono anche classiche rivendicazioni di sinistra come alloggi in affitto più economici, cercando di presentarsi come un “partito di sinistra”, nonostante il fatto che il loro fondatore sia un ex membro del Partito di centro.
Questa è una delle tante manifestazioni di una crescente polarizzazione, che è fondamentalmente radicata nell’ampliamento del divario di classe e nell’acuirsi degli antagonismi di classe, ma che assume espressioni confuse e reazionarie per la mancanza di alternative a sinistra.
Il Partito della sinistra sta pagando il prezzo del suo spostamento verso destra
L’insoddisfazione per la politica di destra significa che il Partito della sinistra aveva tutte le possibilità di ottenere un grande successo in queste elezioni. La scorsa estate, il Partito della sinistra ha raggiunto il record del 13,3 per cento nei sondaggi. Come mai? Perché una volta tanto avevano preso una posizione decisa sulla proposta del governo di introdurre gli affitti ai valori di mercato (cioè la fine del controllo sul prezzo d’affitto) per gli insediamenti residenziali di nuova costruzione, e in realtà hanno mantenuto le promesse e cacciato il governo con un voto di sfiducia. Questo mostra ciò che la gente vuole: un partito con rivendicazioni audaci che difenda le sue politiche. Ma la direzione del Partito della sinistra è giunta alla conclusione opposta.
Invece di rivolgere le richieste alla classe operaia, parlano di cooperazione con l’industria, investimenti e competitività svedese. I dirigenti del Partito della sinistra hanno fatto di tutto per prendere le distanze dai punti anticapitalisti del programma del partito. Nooshi Dadgostar (la leader del Partito della sinistra) è apparsa alla televisione nazionale all’inizio di quest’anno, spiegando che il programma del partito deciso democraticamente era “vecchio” e quindi “decisamente non è quello che stiamo portando avanti”, cosa che ha poi ripetuto durante le interviste con i leader di partito fatta da SVT il 28 agosto. La loro campagna elettorale è stata la più blanda e annacquata di sempre, con manifesti elettorali recanti banalità come “Nooshi 2022: gli altri promettono, noi agiamo” o “Con il coraggio di cambiare”. E più si avvicinavano le elezioni, più parlavano di voler formare un governo con il Partito di centro (che è di destra).
“Niente paletti e ultimatum”, “Dovrò sedermi e negoziare”, “Ovviamente dovrò rinunciare ad alcune cose”, è stato il messaggio della Dadgostar in un’intervista alla domanda sulla possibilità di entrare in un governo di coalizione con il Partito di centro.
La posizione di principio adottata la scorsa estate è scomparsa, e con essa il sostegno degli elettori. Il partito non è più visto come un’alternativa alle attuali politiche di destra ed è stato punito di conseguenza. Da un picco del 13,3 per cento, il loro sostegno si è dimezzato al 6,7 per cento, un risultato peggiore rispetto alle elezioni del 2018.
Passo dopo passo, hanno annacquato le loro richieste o smesso del tutto di parlarne. Non vengono più sollevate le tradizionali rivendicazioni del Partito della sinistra, come la giornata lavorativa di sei ore o il divieto delle agenzie di lavoro interinale. Hanno permesso ai socialdemocratici di dirottare la questione delle società del welfare privato sovvenzionate con il denaro delle tasse. Sebbene la Dadgostar abbia spesso criticato queste società private durante i dibattiti elettorali, non era chiaro quali proposte concrete volesse avanzare a riguardo. L’ovvia richiesta di un partito di sinistra sarebbe stata la nazionalizzazione di tutte le aziende private del settore assistenziale, senza indennizzo ai proprietari diventati milionari e miliardari depredando sanità, scuola e assistenza sociale di risorse che sarebbero dovute andare a bambini, malati e anziani.
Anche nel caso dei prezzi elevati dell’energia elettrica ci si sarebbe potuti aspettare richieste per tornare a regolamentare il mercato dell’elettricità e la fine del caos provocato dal mercato. Ma il Partito della sinistra non ha più interesse dei socialdemocratici di colpire le proprietà ai capitalisti. Il fatto che 100 aziende rappresentino il 70 per cento delle emissioni mondiali dovrebbe essere utilizzato come argomento per nazionalizzarle sotto il controllo dei lavoratori e per la necessità di un’economia pianificata per risolvere la crisi climatica. Per la Dadgostar, è invece un argomento per dare più soldi ai capitalisti aiutandoli a utilizzare metodi di produzione più rispettosi del clima.
Sia durante la pandemia che durante la guerra in Ucraina, il Partito della sinistra ha appoggiato in modo obbediente la retorica del governo sulla necessità dell’unità nazionale. Sulla carta, il Partito della sinistra resta contrario all’adesione alla NATO. Ma allo stesso tempo si sono assicurati di prepararsi a una tale mossa unendosi con veemenza alla propaganda anti-russa e filo-occidentale. Invece di dichiarare che il capitalismo svedese ha i suoi interessi imperialisti nel conflitto con la Russia e mettere in luce il ruolo della NATO, ha votato per armare l’Ucraina e per un aumento delle spese militari. Quando tre parlamentari del Partito della sinistra hanno protestato contro l’accordo con Erdogan, posando con le bandiere delle organizzazioni curde del PKK, YPG e YPJ, la Dadgostar ha preso le distanze dall’azione dicendo di non averla autorizzata.
Ora questo spostamento a destra è stato punito. Certo, il partito ha aumentato di poco il suo sostegno nelle grandi città. Ma il potenziale era molto maggiore, non da ultimo nelle periferie. I voti che sono andati a Nyans avrebbero potuto andare al Partito della sinistra. Di fronte alla tremenda propaganda razzista, il Partito della sinistra avrebbe dovuto essere il partito alla guida della controffensiva. Ma durante le elezioni, la leadership del partito ha adottato una strategia politica per rimanere principalmente in silenzio su questa questione in modo da cercare di ottenere voti nelle zone rurali. Ma questo tentativo è fallito completamente. Al contrario, il Partito della sinistra ha perso terreno, mentre i DS hanno ottenuto grandi conquiste nelle roccaforti rosse precedentemente solide della Svezia settentrionale.
Il risultato dello spostamento a destra dei socialdemocratici e del Partito della sinistra è che la classe operaia è rimasta senza un’alternativa al veleno razzista.
Costruire il socialismo!
La Svezia sta entrando in un periodo di crisi, instabilità e lotta di classe. Molti lavoratori saranno duramente colpiti dalla crisi economica con l’aumento dei prezzi dell’elettricità, l’inflazione e i tassi di interesse. Molte famiglie stanno già lottando per far quadrare i conti. Già a gennaio una pensionata ha raccontato al quotidiano locale la situazione insostenibile:
“Devo rimanere al freddo e congelarmi e mangiare meno cibo. Per mio marito, che si è appena operato, la cosa peggiore è il freddo: quando ci svegliamo nell’appartamento ci sono meno di 18 gradi. Ma non possiamo permetterci di avere nient’altro che il termosifone in bagno… Faccio la doccia ogni quattro giorni. E ho ancora bollette elettriche da 4.000 corone svedesi [380 euro]”.
Questo è solo l’inizio. In questa situazione, la classe operaia non ha altra scelta che reagire. Per decenni la dirigenza del movimento operaio ha fatto tutto ciò che era in suo potere per contenere la lotta di classe, e infatti nell’ultimo decennio ci sono stati pochi scioperi, ma di conseguenza ha anche perso sempre più l’autorità che aveva un tempo. Tale autorità è stata costruita nel dopoguerra, quando il capitalismo era effettivamente in grado di fare concessioni alla classe operaia. Negli ultimi decenni, la leadership della Confederazione sindacale svedese (LO) ha invece aiutato i capitalisti a moderare gli aumenti salariali, mentre i socialdemocratici hanno attuato l’austerità. Finora la perdita di fiducia nei vertici del movimento operaio si è principalmente espressa in modo distorto attraverso il maggiore sostegno ai DS.
Ma è solo questione di tempo prima che il malcontento trabocchi e la direzione diventi incapace di contenere la lotta di classe. Il capo economista della LO sta già parlando di quanto sarà difficile moderare le richieste salariali nella contrattazione collettiva a causa delle pressioni dal basso. Soprattutto se non ci sarà più un governo guidato dai socialdemocratici ma uno di destra con i DS come partito di maggioranza, un governo che andrà frontalmente contro la classe opera
|
32 | 2 | 3 |
, tüyler (hayvan tüyü, kürkü, kuştüyü yastıklar), çiçek polenleri, gribal enfeksiyonlardır. Astım oluştuğunda yolunda gitmeyen nedir? Akciğerlerin içinde, havayolu adı verilen binlerce minik borucuk vardır. Astımda bu borular daralmış ve daha da küçülmüştür. Bu yüzden nefes almak güçleşir. SOLUNUM YOLLARI HERHANGİ BİR NEDENLE ETKİLENİRSE, İKİ FARKLI DURUM MEYDANA GELEBİLİR: 1. Solunum yolları kasları kasılır. Bu durum genellikle çok çabuk olmakta (birkaç saniye ile birkaç dakika arasında) ve genellikle aynı hızda kaybolmaktadır. 2. Solunum yolları iç tabakası şişer, yapışkan balgam ve diğer sıvılar bronşlara salgılanır ve iltihap hücreleri gelir. Bu değişiklikler saatler ya da günler boyunca ağır ağır gerçekleşir ve düzelmesi de aynı şekilde uzun sürer. Astım nöbetleri sırasında duyulan hışıltılı ince tiz ses, daralmış ve şişmiş solunum yollarından geçen havadan gelmektedir. Ayrıca rahatsız edici bir öksürük de bulunabilir. Bazı hastalarda astımın tek belirtisi öksürüktür. Bazen az miktarda beyaz, yapışkan bir balgam çıkarılır. Bazı hastalar, astım nöbeti bitip solunum yolları genişlediği zaman daha fazla balgam çıkarabilir. Başa dön Astım belirtileri - HIŞIRTILI SOLUNUM: Astım krizi sırasında genellikle nefesimizi dışarı verirken hafif ya da yüksek bir ıslık sesi duyulur. - ÖKSÜRÜK: Kesilmeyen ve çoğunlukla geceleri ortaya çıkan hafif ya da kuru bir öksürük olabilir. Bazen balgam görülebilir. - GÖĞÜSTE SIKIŞMA: Göğsünüzde lastik bantlarla sıkıştırılıyormuş hissi ya da yanma hissi duyarsınız. - NEFES DARLIĞI: Kendinizi çok dar bir borudan nefes alıp vermeye çalışıyormuşsunuz gibi hissedersiniz. Özellikle, nefes vermek zorlaşır. Başa dön Astım tedavisi Astım tedavisi giderek daha iyiye gitmektedir. Geçmişte, astım sadece belirti ve atakları ortaya çıktığında tedavi edilmekteydi. Günümüzde tedavi planları enflamasyonun (solunum yolları şişmesi ve kızarması) ve hava yollarının çok fazla daralmasını önlemek üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, ataklarınızı önleyebilir ve kontrol altında tutabilirsiniz. Başa dön Astım tedivisinde hatırlanması gereken önemli noktalar Astımınızı kontrol altına alarak normal yaşamınızı sürdürebilirsiniz. Bunun için dikkat etmeniz gereken çeşitli noktalar vardır: - Hastalığınızı başlatan etkenlerden mümkün olduğunca sakının. - Astım belirtilerinin nasıl seyrettiğini kaydedin. Değişikliklerde neler yapmanız gerektiğini sizinle ilgili hekim ya da hemşireden öğrenin. - İlaçlarınızı düzenli kullanın. Hangi ilacı, ne zaman, ne kadar ve hangi sıklıkla kullanmanız gerektiğini öğrenerek, ilacınızı doğru şekilde kullanın. Astım tedavisinde kullanılan ik tür ilaç vardır: 1. RAHATLATICILAR Tüm hastalarda yakınmalar başladığı anda hemen alınacak, şikayet giderici ilaçlardır. Rahatlatıcılar solunum borularının çevresindeki kasları GEVŞETEREK ve boruları tekrar açarak etkili olurlar. 2.ÖNLEYİCİLER Hastalarda yeni krizlerin gelmesini önleyen ve havayolları çeperlerindeki iltihabı tedavi eden koruyucu ilaçlardır. Önleyici ilaçlar havayollarının sıkışmasını, şişmesini ve balgamla dolmasını engellerler. Astımda Pefmetre kullanımı Solunum yollarınızın durumunun saptanmasında en hızlı ve en kolay yöntemlerden birisi, en yüksek soluk verme hızının ölçülmesidir. En yüksek soluk verme hızını ölçen aletlere PEFMETRE denmektedir. Bunlar basit ve ucuz cihazlardır. Derin ve güçlü bir nefes aldıktan sonra nefesin ne kadar verilebildiğini ölçerler. Solunum yollarının durumu hakkında bilgi veren en basit ve yararlı bir yöntemdir. Pefmetre ile ölçüm yapılmasının nedenleri, Pefmetre kullanımı 1. Astım ağırlık derecesinin saptanması, doktorun en uygun tedaviyi önerme şansını sağlar. Ayrıca belirtiler ve nasıl hissedildiği de sorulacaktır. 2. Ölçümlür, astım ilaçlarının etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi için de gereklidir. Sadece belirtilerden astımın durumunu anlamak her zaman mümkün olmayabilir. 3. Astımın iyiye mi kötüye mi gittiğini anlamak ve buna göre önlem almak için gereklidir. Pefmetre kullanımı 1. Kişiye özel olan aletin üzerindeki ibre sıfıra getirilir. Cihaz parmaklar ibrenin ilerlemesini engelleyecek şekilde tutulur. 2. Mümkün olduğunca derin bir nefes alınır. 3. Aletin ağızlık bölümü dudaklar arasına sıkıca yerleştirilir. Güçlü ve hızlı nefes üflenir. 4. Alet elden bırakılmadan ibrenin gösterdiği değer kaydedilir. 5. Dinlendikten sonra, aynı ölçüm 3 kez tekrarlanıp, en iyi olanı o gün kaydına işlenir. Astım tedavi planı örneği Yeşil Bölge Belirtiler: Belirtiler en alt düzeyde, nefes açıcı tedaviye gereksinim çok az ve soluk verme hızı yaklaşık olarak normal değerlerde. Tedavi: Kullanılan ilaçlara devam edilir. Üç aylık aralar ile düzenli olarak hekime başvurulur. Hekim, hasta sürekli iyi ise ilaçlarda azaltma yapabilir. Sarı Bölge Belirtiler: Astım ağırlaşma belirtileri: - Nefes açıcı ilaçlara daha sık gereksinim duyulması - Solunum sırasında duyulan tiz soluk sesinin, nefes darlığının, göğüste sıkışma hissinin şiddetlenmesi, öksürüğün artması - Gece astım nedeniyle uyanma - Soluk verme hızının pefmetre ile normal değerinin altına düşmesi Tedavi: - Nefes açıcı tedavi düzenli olarak uygulanmalı ve koruyucu tedavideki ilacınızın dozu, belirtiler kaybolana kadar arttırılmalıdır. - Belirtilerde düzelme yoksa ya da daha kötüye gidiyorsa doktora başvurulmalıdır. - Belirtileri giderici tedavilerin etkisiz kalması - Konuşurken ya da istirahat halinde nefes darlığı - Soluk verme hızının (pefmetre ile) yarıdan fazla azalması Kırmızı Bölge Belirtiler: Astım krizi belirtileri vardır. - Solunum sırasında duyulan sesin ve göğüste duyulan sıkışma hissinin çok şiddetlenmesi - Solunumun güçlükle yapılması - Belirtileri giderici tedavilerin etkisiz kalması - Konuşurken ya da istirahat halinde nefes darlığı - Soluk verme hızının (pefmetre ile) yarıdan fazla azalması Tedavi: - Belirtileri giderici tedavilerin daha sık ve daha yüksek dozlarda uygulanmalı (nefes açıcı kısa etkili betamimetik ilk saatte her 20 dakikada bir 2-4 puf, sonra saette bir 2-4 puf). Koruyucu tedavi dozları da arttırılmalıdır. - Önceki tedavi ile 2-3 saat içinde rahatlama olmazsa hastane öncesi son tedavi uygulanmalıdır. (belirtilen tedaviye ilave olarak kortizon 0.5-1 mg/kg/gün prednizolon tablet veya eşdeğeri alınıp varsa oksijen kullanılır). - Pefmetre ile soluk verme hızı, kişi normal değerinin üçte birinden daha azsa ya da yukarıda belirtilen tüm önlemlere rağmen belirtiler şiddetleniyorsa, derhal bir ambulans çağırarak hastaneye müracaat edilmelidir. * Astım tedavi planı kişiden kişiye değişebilir. Doktorla birlikte hazırlanacak kişiye ait planın hazırlanması gereklidir. KİŞİYE ÖZEL ASTIM HAREKET PLANI (Doktor tarafından doldurulur) Elinizdeki cihazla kendi PEF değerinizi ölçünüz. Sizin en iyi değeriniz ----------------- olmalıdır. Bu değer ----------------- ile -------------- arasında değişebilir. PEF değeriniz --------------- ile --------------- arası ise I. Bölge (Yeşil Bölge) --------------- ile --------------- arası ise II. Bölge (Sarı Bölge) -------------------------- nin altında ise III. Bölge (Kırmızı Bölge) I. BÖLGE: Uykunuz normal ve günlük aktivitelerinizi normal yapabiliyorsunuz demektir. 1. 2. 3. .................................................. .....kullanınız. II. BÖLGE: Nefes darlığı, hırıltı, öksürük, sıkıntı hissi duyuyorsanız astımınız kontrol altında değil. 1. 2. 3. .................................................. ......kullanarak hekiminizi arayınız. III. BÖLGE: Atak geçirmektesiniz. Yoğun tedavi gerekmektedir. 1. 2. 3.hastaneye başvurunuz. ÖDİ'nin (Ölçülü Doz İnhaler) kullanımı Sprey tipi veya ölçülü doz inhalerler (ÖDİ) ilacın etkili olması gereken hava yollarına direkt ulaşmasını sağlarlar. Daha az miktarda ilaç kullanılır. Vücutta diğer organlarda yan etki oluşturmazlar. İlaç itici bir gazla itilip, küçük partiküller şeklinde akciğere ulaşır. 1. ÖDİ'nin kapağı çıkarılır. 2. ÖDİ'yi sallanır. 3. ÖDİ'yi dik tutulur. 4. Baş hafifçe arkaya eğilir ya da dik tutulur. 5. Derin nefes alıp nefes yavaşça sonuna kadar verilir. 6. ÖDİ ağıza yerleştirilir ya da 2-4 cm uzakta tutulabilir. 7. Nefes almaya başladıktan sonra metal tüpe basılır. 8. Yavaş ve derin soluk almaya devam edilir. 9. Nefes 10 saniye tutulur. 10. Sonra nefes yavaş ve sakin bir şekilde burundan verilir. 11. İkinci kullanım için 30-60 saniye bekleyip ve aynı işlemler yenilenir. 12. ÖDİ kullanıldıktan sonra kapağı kapatılır ve kaldırılır. DİKKAT! - İNHALASYONDAN SONRA AĞIZ DUR
|
32 | 3 | 0 |
ر دهم مهر 1320 تاسيس اين حزب اعلام می شود و به همين علت اين روز به نام «مهرگان» تاريخ تاسيس حزب توده ايران ناميده ميشود. از لحاظ تبارشناسی سابقه هم رزمی موسسين حزب توده ايران با دكتر ارانی موجب شد كه ارانی به عنوان معلم اول همه اعضا و پايهگذاران حزب توده ايران ناميده شود. به همين علت هميشه در اجلاسهای حزب توده ايران عكس دكتر تقی ارانی و عباراتی كه از او به يادگار مانده زينت بخش گردهماييهای رسمی حزب است.
- آيا دكتر ارانی و همفكرانشان در زمان انتشار مجله دنيا به اتهام جاسوسی دستگير و روانه زندان شدند؟
عموئی: اتهام اوليه به اين شكل بود. بعد با توجه به صحبتهای كامبخش و اعترافات ديگر افراد گروه مبنی بر اين كه اين يك محفل روشنفكری است و بحثهای فرهنگی، فلسفی و علمی دارد و نمونه آن نيز مجله دنيا است، مساله محاكمات صحرايی منتفی و دادگاههای فرمايشی آن ها را محكوم به زندان ميكند.
ساختار تشکیلاتی
- مجله دنيا با مديريت دكتر اراني چند نسخه منتشر شد؟
عموئی- اگر منظور انتشار مجله دنيا در زمان دكتر اراني است، درست به خاطر ندارم، اما تعداد نسخه منتشر شده در فاصله 1313 تا 1316 چندان زياد نيست. اما، پس از تاسيس حزب توده ايران«مجله دنيا»، چه در دوران فعاليت علني حزب، چه به هنگام فعاليت مخفي و چه به هنگام استقرار مركز حزب در مهاجرت، تقريبا به طور مرتب در دورههاي متوالي چاپ و انتشار يافته است. حزب توده ایران( درابتدای تاسیس) براي اين كه مركزيتي داشته باشد و بعد كنگره موسس خود را تشكيل دهد و مسوولان آن انتخاب شوند، دكتر نورالدين الموتي را به عنوان اولين دبير حزب برگزيده و يك يك همين افراد موسس مسووليتهايي براي سنجشهاي گوناگون تشكيلاتي، تبليغاتي، انتشاراتي ومالي حزب را سامان ميدهند.
- ساختار تشكيلاتي حزب توده چگونه بود؟
عموئی- ساختار تشكيلاتي احزاب كمونيست معمولا مشخص است. به اين صورت كه يك مركزيت رهبري دارد به نام كميته مركزي و بعد ازآن به دو صورت هرمي و افقي بسط مييافت. كميتههاي ايالتي، ولايتي، بخش و قاعده هرم تشكيلاتي را به وجود ميآورد و در سطح افقي شعبههاي تشكيلات، تبليغات، تعليمات، مالي، كارگري، دهقاني و ... به ترتيب چارت سازماني شكل ميگيرد.
با توجه به اين كه هنوز فاشيسم در دنيا بيداد ميكرد و در عين حال صلاح حزب در تناسب با جامعه ايران، چنين اقتضا ميكرد كه به صورت يك حزب توده ای نمايان شود، نه به عنوان يك حزب كمونيست و نه مطرح كننده ماركسيزم لنينيزم در ايران يا حزب طبقه كارگر ايران و به همين علت مبانييي كه براي جذب افراد مطرح ميشد بيشتر يك جنبه ضد فاشيستي و توده ای و مردمي داشت. مثلا مسابل تودههاي زحمتكشان اعم از دهقانان، كارگران، پيشه وران، همه جزو برنامه اوليه براي رفاه و بهبود زندگي آن ها بود.
- آيا در جلسه اوليه، نسبت به مذهب، موضعگيرييي انجام شده بود؟
عموئی- خير ابدا. اساسا حزب توده ايران هيچوقت يك موضع ضد مذهبي نداشته است. حتي زماني هم كه به عنوان حزب طبقه كارگر با ايدئولوژي ماركسيزم معرفي ميشد هرگز به هيچ وجه موضع ضد مذهبي نميگرفت. از ويژگيهاي حزب توده، اين وجه بارز است كه چون اكثريت مردم اين مملكت را مردمي معتقد به دين و مذهب ميداند و از آنجا كه اعتقاد دارد پايه هاي گسترش حزب، تودههاي مردم هستند، در نتيجه حتي شرط عضويت در حزب را به هيچ وجه لامذهب و ضدمذهبي بودن قرار نميداده است.
- آيا حزب سوسياليستهاي خداپرست در تقابل با حزب توده به وجود نيامد؟
عموئی- خير اين گروه و آقاي نخشب ضمن تاكيد بر مردمي بودن و باور به نوعي سوسياليسم، روي مساله خداپرستيشان نيز تكيه داشت.
اصلا حزب توده ايران بر ضديت با مذهب تكيه نميكرد و به همين علت هم اعضايي داشت كه مذهبي بودند يعني حزب توده ايران هيچ مخالفتي با اين امر نداشت . مثلا اگر كسي اهل نماز و روزه بود و در عين حال برنامه حزب را قبول داشت ميتوانست عضو حزب توده ايران باشد.
- آيا آقاي نخشب موسس حزب سوسياليستهاي خداپرست با آن 53 نفر و حزب توده ارتباطاتي داشت؟
عموئی- خير. همانطور كه اشاره كردم بعد از شهريور 20 و فروپاشي جامعه بسته رضاشاهي، فضاي مساعدي براي فعاليتهاي سياسي شكل گرفت. در جهات مختلف سازمانهاي سياسي شروع به فعاليت و شكل گيري كردند.
حزب توده ايران برمبناي انديشه هاي ياران دكتر اراني پايهگذاري شد. مليون نيز به اشكال گوناگون احزابي تاسيس كردند. مثل حزب ايران توسط كساني مثل دكترسنجابي، زيرك زاده، حزب سوسياليستهاي خداپرست و ... البته تعداد افراد خيلي اندك بود و شايد از تعداد انگشتان دست تجاوز نميكرد. حزب توده ايران به سرعت به صورت يك سازمان توده ای در آمد و فراگير شد زيرا اين حزب بر مبناي خواست ملموس زحمتكشان برنامه ريزي شده بود؛ جز جاهايي كه قدرت فائقه حكومتي ميتوانست از آن جلوگيري كند.
مثلا جالب است كه اين حزب ميخواست حزب طبقه كارگر شود و منطقه كارگر نشين آن زمان ايران، خوزستان و كارگران شركت نفت مورد توجه بود، اما خوز
|
32 | 3 | 1 |
曾一度被封印过。后来封印以大部分被解开，具有更进一步的研究。 虽然魔法被分为白魔法和黑魔法，但显然，随后发展到白魔法也可以攻击，黑魔法也可以防御。所以这样分类已经不能完全界定魔法。 现在只有精灵族的一群可以灵活地运用魔法，但是他们不是第一个都可以使用魔法，随着第一纪元被称为魔法纪元，但没有再多的...
暂无书友动态
快来打赏吧
0次
其他金额￥
书币
输入字数超过2000字已输入：0字 Diagnostic Tests for Palpitations
Diagnostic Test list for Palpitations:
The list of diagnostic tests
mentioned in various sources as
used in the diagnosis of Palpitations
- Physical examination
- Note pulse rate, rhythm and regularity. If rate is over 150 beats per minute may suggest paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia. If rate is less than 150 beats per minute it is more likely to be sinus tachycardia which can be associated with exercise, fever, drugs or hyperthyroidism
- Temperature (if fever is present with enlarged heart and heart murmur must consider bacterial endocarditis; fever itself may cause tachycardia)
- Blood pressure. If blood pressure is high may suggest phaeochromocytoma or hyperthyroidism
- Cardiovascular examination - looking for enlarged heart (may suggest congestive cardiac failure, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypothyroidism), heart murmur (may suggest valvular heart disease e.g. acute or chronic rheumatic fever or bacterial endocarditis ).
- Look for signs of hyperthyroidism including agitation, restlessness, enlarged thyroid (goiter), warm and sweaty palms, fine tremor, protruding eyes
- Blood tests
- Full blood count (anemia may cause palpitations)
- Electrolytes (low potassium and low magnesium levels may cause palpitations)
- Thyroid function test
- Serum digoxin level, if person is on digoxin medication
- Iron studies (looking for elevated ferritin in hemochromatosis which may cause irregular heart beats)
- Blood cultures, ASO titres, ESR if fever is present
- Viral antibodies, if suspect myocarditis
- Urine tests
- 24 hour urine collection for VMA or metanephrines
- Drug screen
- Radiological investigations
- Chest X-Ray
- Echocardiogram to look for valvular heart disease and to assess function of the left ventricle of the heart
- 12 lead ECG
- 24 hour blood pressure monitoring
- 24 or 48 hour Holter monitoring is useful in the diagnosis of intermittent palpitations
- Electrophysiological studies
Home Diagnostic Testing
These home medical tests may be relevant to Palpitations causes:
- High Blood Pressure: Home Testing
- Heart Health: Home Testing:
Conditions listing medical symptoms: Palpitations:
The following list of conditions
have 'Palpitations' or similar
listed as a symptom in our database.
This computer-generated list may be inaccurate or incomplete.
Always seek prompt professional medical advice about the cause
of any symptom.
Select from the following alphabetical view of conditions which
include a symptom of Palpitations or choose View All.
Conditions listing medical complications: Palpitations:
The following list of medical conditions have 'Palpitations'
or similar listed as a medical complication in our database.
» Next page: Glossary
Medical Tools & Articles:
Tools & Services:
Forums & Message Boards
- Ask or answer a question at the Boards: What exactly is a subsidy to fossil fuels, who pays them and who gets them, seems to have risen it’s ugly head again. Jo Nova has a go at it over here and doesn’t, I’m afraid, get it quite right.
Yes, there are huge and vast subsidies to fossil fuels around the world. But, as I’ve mentioned here before, those subsidies are in the developing and oil producing nations and not in the OECD or rich nations.
Yes, it would be an excellent idea if those subsidies were stopped. It would even be very helpful in dealing with climate change. One estimate has it that it would halve the difficulty of dealing with that problem.
In terms of what we actually do in these OECD nations we don’t really have subsidies to fossil fuels. Not in a strictly speaking manner that is. What we do have is support for them, which is a rather different matter:
The picture looks rather different in the case of OECD countries since the support measures that can be found there are generally provided in a very indirect manner, i.e. through a country’s tax system for two-thirds of them. On the production side, the extraction of oil and gas attracts mostly royalty credits and income-tax concessions for certain capital expenses, while coal mining – a declining industry in many OECD countries – tends to receive compensation for its high-cost coal. On the consumption side, support often takes the form of direct fuel subsidies to low-income households and fuel-tax exemptions for targeted users such as farmers, other off-road users, buses or taxis.
Because the majority of domestic heating is provided from fossil fuels, and all countries at least pay lip service to the idea that the poor should not freeze to death in their hovels in winter, we can indeed say that giving poor people money not to freeze then we are supporting fossil fuels. This isn’t what most people would understand by “subsidies” though.
Just to clarify matters. In the sense that most people use the word subsidies the subsidies to fossil fuels are in the developing nations, the subsidies to renewables in the advanced. Yes, the subsidies to fossils vastly outweigh those to renewables but short of a well placed bit of colonialism it’s going to be something very difficult indeed to change. However desirable it would be to do so. İsveç polisi Wikileaks sitesinin kurucusu Julian Assange hakkında uluslararası tutuklama kararı çıkartıldığını açıkladı. Assange, tecavüz ve cinsel tacizle suçlanıyor.
Bir İsveç mahkemesi de hafta başında Assange’nin tutuklanması kararı almıştı.
Mahkeme kararı, savcı Marianne Ny’in isteği üzerine çıkartıldı. Savcı, Assange’yi hakkındaki suçlamalardan dolayı sorgulamak istiyor.
İki kadın, İsveç’te Ağustos ayında Asange’nin cinsel taciz ve saldırısına uğradığını iddia ediyor. Assange’nin avukatı ise, kadınların müvekkiliyle kendi rızalarıyla ilişkiye girdiklerini söylüyor.
Assange de suçlamaların kendisini karalamak için ortaya atıldığını söylüyor.
Julian Assange’nin resmi ikametgahının neresi olduğu bilinmiyor. Wikileaks’ın kurucusu Ekim ayında oturma izni için İsveç makamlarına başvurmuş, ancak geri çevrilmişti.
2006 yılında kurulan Wikileaks bugüne kadar Afganistan ve Irak savaşlarıyla ilgili yüzbinlerce gizli Amerikan belgesi yayınladı.
Amerika Savunma Bakanlığı, gizli belgeleri kamuya açıkladığı için Julian Assange’yi eleştiriyor. Picking your nose could increase the risk of developing dementia and even Alzheimer’s disease, according to Australian researchers.
This is a conclusion that may seem surprising. But according to scientists at Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, picking your nose could increase the chances of developing degenerative diseases, such as dementia or Alzheimer’s.
“We are the first to show that Chlamydia pneumoniae can travel directly from the nose to the brain where it can trigger conditions that resemble Alzheimer’s disease. We have observed this in mice, and it is potentially frightening for humans as well,” said Professor St. John, one of the authors of the article, in a press release.
Chlamydia pneumoniae is a bacterium that has the ability to attack the brain and settle in this region of the human body. After several tests on rodents, the scientists noticed that the brains of the latter were affected in less than 72 hours. Within 2 to 28 days, the first signs of Alzheimer’s disease appeared.
Humans, the future target of trials
For now, scientists hope to conduct a similar study in humans to learn a bit more about the mechanism that affects rodents.
“This is research that has been proposed by many people, but has not yet been completed,” added Professor St. John. سلام دوستان، ببینید این سایت الگوریتمش به چه صورته. برنامه نویسی نمی خوام فقط میخوام بدونم به چه صورت بش الگوریتم داده شده، یعنی بیشتر دنبال اون پیشنهاد دادن و اعتبار هدیه ای که بعد از اولین رزرو بهت میده، چطور میشه که دفعات بعدی دیگه نمیده؟! و فقط یک بار میده.
ممنون عزیزان If you would like to know more abut the history of the tomato in the US, check out THE TOMATO IN AMERICA by Andrew F. Smith. It's not exactly a page turner, but it's got a lot of good information including some early recipes for tomato soup, ketchup,and instructions in making tomato pills, useful in treating 'derangements of the liver'.
Today, over 12 million tons of tomatoes are grown commercially in the US and that does not count the vast private harvests. Many varieties that are grown in this country were developed elsewhere. The Roma is a classic example.
Another variety of tomato that we start now for our fearless early gardeners is the Gregori's Altai. This beefsteak type tomato from this plant can reach 8 - 12 oz. Gregori's Altai originated in the Altai Mountains of Russia (Siberia) near the Chinese border, which explains the tolerance this plant has for cooler weather. The jury is still out on the length of time it takes for it to produce in our coastal climate. The TomatoFest website says 90 days. The catalog where we purchase the seed says 67 days. Other sites range everywhere in between. We start it early because it puts up with the cold days of early spring and always comes in first with a big slicing tomato. And it is productive - you should expect a lot more tomatoes from it than from a Brandywine or other long season beefsteak type tomato.
A final note: The tomato plant is indigenous to South America but had to wait for those fast paced sailors from Spain to move it north of the equator. If you are really interested in learning more abut the migration of various food producing plants that satisfied the needs of early farming cultures, I strongly recommend GUNS, GERMS AND STEEL by Jared Diamond. It all comes down to latitude, dude! Elden Ring: Glintstone Scarab Konumu ; Glintstone Scarab, Büyücülük için FP maliyetini azaltan Elden Ring’deki bir miğferdir ve bunu nasıl elde edeceğiniz yazımızda açıklanmıştır.
Glintstone Scarab ilk başta bir Miğfer gibi görünmeyebilir, ancak evet, Elden Ring oyuncuları bu böceği başlarına takabilir. Ve bu ekipman alınan hasarı artıracak olsa da, onu giymek büyü yaparken FP maliyetini biraz düşürür.
Oyuncular sadece Limgrave’nin kuzeyindeki Liurnia adlı bölgeye seyahat ederek ve Raya Lucaria Akademisine giderek Glintstone Scarab ‘ı bulabilecekler. Bu alan, çok sayıda menzilli büyü yapabilen tehlikeli düşmanlarla dolu, bu yüzden oyuncular içeri girmeden önce hazırlanmalıdır. Aşağıdaki adımlar, oyuncuları Glintstone Scarab dümenini ele geçirebilmeleri için doğru yönü gösterecek.
Elden Ring’de Glintstone Scarab Helm Konumu
Elden Ring’in Glintstone Scarab’ına giden yolu olabildiğince basit hale getirmek için oyuncular, Radagon’un Red Wolf’u olarak bilinen patrona karşı savaştığı aynı yer olan Lost Grace’in Münazara Salonu Sitesinde başlamalıdır.
- Schoolhouse Classroom Site of Lost Grace’den başlayarak kuzeye gidin.
- Oyuncular sağda ayrı bir binaya açılan kırık bir köprü görecekler ve üstüne çıkmak için kemerlerden atlayabilecekler. Yine de yuvarlanan kayalara dikkat edin. Oyuncular yukarı çıkmaya başlar başlamaz köprüden aşağı yuvarlanmaya başlayacaklar.
- Oyuncular köprüyü geçtikten sonra, Moongrum adında güçlü bir düşman olacak (Karya Şövalyesi Kalkanını almak için onu yenin).
- Şövalyenin bulunduğu bölümden, kapıdan güneye doğru ilerleyin ve ardından farklı bir alana ulaşmak için binanın yanına atlamak için sert bir sola dönün.
- Bu odanın içinde bir merdiven olacak — merdivene tırmanın.
- Merdivenin tepesindeki odada düşmanlar olacak, bu yüzden yaklaşırken dikkatli olun.
- Kafasında metal bir şey olan büyük bir düşman olacak, ancak oyuncular onu geçmeye çalışabilir (veya sadece koşabilir).
- Glintstone Scarab’ı içeren hazine sandığı hemen yanından geçecek.
Glintstone Scarab İstat
|
32 | 3 | 2 |
accedere ai vertici della politica, Zhou Yongkang ha ricoperto posizioni di vertice nel mondo del petrolio cinese, ed è stato lentamente esautorato dal potere già dal 2012, con l'accusa implicita di volere favorire la corsa a vertice di Bo Xilai, l'ex leader di Chongqing, condannato in via definitiva a settembre scorso per corruzione, abuso di potere e appropriazione indebita. Uno dei manager arrestati lo scorso anno, Li Hualin, è stato a lungo segretario personale di Zhou. Lo stesso Jiang Jiemin è considerato un suo protetto.
I gruppi del greggio cinese sono tra i maggiori gruppi mondiali. Secondo la classifica dei più grandi gruppi aziendali al mondo nel 2013, Sinopec e PetroChina - l'unità quotata di CNPC- figurano tra i primi cinque, assieme a multinazionali del calibro di Shell, ExxonMobil e Wal-Mart. Ma assieme ai grandi nomi del petrolio cinese ci sono anche quelli meno conosciuti delle società che fanno affari con loro. La Wison Engineering Service, fornitore di PetroChina con sede a Hong Kong, a settembre ha sospeso il titolo dalle quotazioni di Borsa dopo avere annunciato il sequestro dei registri contabili da parte delle autorità cinesi. Il presidente del gruppo, Hua Bangsong sta attualmente collaborando alle indagini. Hua era contemporaneamente a capo di tre società collegate alla Wison con sede alle Isole Vergini, di cui tuttora non è chiara la funzione.
23 gennaio 2014
LEGGI ANCHE:
ALTRI ARTICOLI:
@ Riproduzione riservata Inge Lehmann: studiò i terremoti ed intuì il nucleo esterno ed interno della terra
Inge Lehmann è colei che ha intuito la presenza di un nucleo centrale della terra e di un nucleo esterno. Geofisico studiò i terromoti.
Centoventisette anni fa, nel 1888, nasceva Inge Lehmann, oggi celebrata anche da Google con un doodle. La geofisica danese è legato alla scoperta del nucleo interno ed esterno della terra. Infatti, per primo intuì che “il nucleo terrestre non fosse un’unica sfera liquefatta, ma costituito da due parti: un nucleo interno con proprietà fisiche differenti da quelle del nucleo esterno”.
INGE LEHMANN BIOGRAFIA
Nata a Copenaghen frequentò la scuola pedagogica-progressiva superiore diretta da Hanna Adler. Dopo aver studiato matematica, si avvicinò allo studio della sismologia, tanto da diventare nel 1928 geodetica di stato e capo del dipartimento di sismologia all’Istituto Geodetico di Danimarca, diretto da Niels Erik Nörlund.
INGE LEHMANN ONDE P
In un suo scritto, molto prematuro, dal titolo piuttosto scarno “P“‘, riesce ad interpretare per prima l’arrivo delle onde P che inspiegabilmente appaiono nello spettro delle onde P nel nucleo terrestre come riflessioni dovute a un nucleo interno. La sua intuizione fu seguita anche da altri importanti sismologi del tempo.
INGE LEHMANN DISCONTINUITÀ SISMICA
Finita la guerra, non trovandosi più bene nel suo istituto di Geofisica, decise di trasferirsi negli Stati Uniti dove rimase per diversi anni collaborando con Maurice Ewing e Frank Press sulle indagini della crosta e il mantello superiore della Terra. Durante questo periodo scoprì la discontinuità sismica che si trova ad una profondità che va da circa 190 a 250 km e che viene di solito riferita come “discontinuità di Lehmann” in onore della sua scopritrice.
Nel 1997 la American Geophysical Union fonda la Inge Lehmann Medal in onore dei “notevoli contributi resi per la comprensione della struttura, composizione e dinamica del mantello e del nucleo della Terra.” 财务报表 (Financial statements) 财务报表是指在日常会计核算资料的基础上，按照规定的格式、内容和方法定期编制的，综合反映企业某一特定日期财务状况和某一特定时期经营成果、现金流量状况的书面文件。
财务报表分析（Financial statements analysis） 财务报表分析是以企业基本活动为对象、以财务报表为主要信息来源、以分析和综合为主要方法的系统认识企业的过程，其目的是了解过去、评价现在和预测未来，以帮助报表使用人改善决策。
改进后的国际会计准则第27号对个别财务报表概念作了清晰的界定。改进后的国际会计准则第27号认为个别财务报表是指母公司联营或合营的投资者编制的财务报表。从概念上理解个别财务报表主要是相对合并财务报表而言的。如果某个会计主体不需要编制合并财务报表(本应编但被豁免者除外)那么也就无所谓个别财务报表。因此个别财务报表主要指：
“单独财务报表”是一个歧义较多的概念。在2004年改进前的《国际会计准则》提及了“单独财务报表”，但没有给出定义。改进后的《国际会计准则第27号——合并财务报表和单独财务报表》给出了“单独财务报表”术语的定义和详细的解释，并对单独财务报表中对子公司、共同控制主体和联营投资的会计处理进行了规定。改进后的“单独财务报表”是指由母公司、联营企业的投资者或共同控制主体中的合营者列报的财务报表，其中，投资以直接的权益份额为基础、而不是以被投资者的报告结果和净资产为基础进行核算。
财务报表附注（Financial Statement Notes） 财务报表附注是为了便于财务报表使用者理解财务报表的内容而对财务报表的编制基础、编制依据、编制原则和方法及主要项目等所作的解释。它是对财务报表的补充说明，是财务会计报告体系的重要组成部分。随着经济环境的复杂化以及人们对相关信息要求的提高，附注在整个报告体系中的地位日益突出。但在我国，对报表附注的重视性却不令人满意，其编制和使用状况也存在着局限性。
主要财务报表(The main financial statements) 主要财务报表是指所提供的会计信息比较全面、完整，能基本满足各种信息需要者的不同要求的财务报表。现行的主表主要有三张，即资产负债表、利润表和现金流量表。
银行财务报表是反映银行财务状况的书面报告，是银行各项财务活动、财务收支情况和经营成果的综合反映。
预计财务报表（Projected Financial Statement） 预计财务报表是专门反映企业未来一定预算期内预计财务状况和经营成果的报表的总称。
财务报表是指在日常会计核算资料的基础上，按照规定的格式、内容和方法定期编制的，综合反映企业某一特定日期财务状况和某一特定时期经营成果、现金流量状况的书面文件。
欺诈性财务报表(Fraudulent financial statements) 从本质上看，欺诈性财务报表是一种故意误导财务报表使用者的行为。谎报财务报表数据是其表现形式，虚增盈利是其最常用的手段。一个公司从基层经理到高层管理者，都有可能卷入财务报表的欺诈活动；会计师事务所及注册会计师也要对客户欺诈性财务报表产生的结果承担相应的法律责任。
基层财务报表由独立核算的基层单位编制的财务报表，是用以反映本单位财务状况和经营成果的报表。
高马尾、双辫子、低马尾。高马尾十分显精神，很有青春活力，不仅是爸妈眼中的最美，也是直男们喜欢的类型呀！虽然马尾很简单，但也有讲究。现在的高马尾就是要扎得够高才时髦，一票欧美女星红人也给你萌认证了这个事实~
应该要注意不同的肥料在使用中的不同注意事项。1、尿素使用后不应该立即就浇水。
问题内容 两只不同颜色的狗撩着青牙旁边有两个骨头是什么成语 问题不好答？加入战队答题，奖励更多 网友… 继续阅读 两只不同颜色的狗撩着青牙旁边有两个骨头是什么成语
没有具体官网，先确定自己在哪家铁路上班所属哪个地市，然后登陆当地的住房公积金官网查即可。
一个人拿刀割脚答案：削足适履。【注音】xuē zú shì lǚ【出处】《淮南子·说林训》：“夫所以养而害所养，譬犹削足而适履，杀头而便冠。”[1]
问题内容 怎么刷镜面果胶 问题不好答？加入战队答题，奖励更多 网友回答 做慕斯蛋糕、水果派、奶油蛋糕… 继续阅读 怎么刷镜面果胶
无论是中国电信、中国联通还是中国移动，在使用过程中，在欠费停止后都不会使用，仍会得到扣除。当你要取消时，你需要先付清欠款才能处理。从运营商的角度来看，当您欠费并停止使用时，您并不打算使用它。当您想办理停止或取消业务时，您需要支付您卡的月租或套餐的滞纳金。毕竟，你以前使用的包月是固定扣除，所以即使你不使用，费用也会被扣除1到2个月。
炒股迷茫的股友别忘了点击了解更多战法牛股战法，深老股民为你讲解迎战股市的独门方法。
车子更换防冻液的频率是4年或者5年更换一次，修理厂和4S店建议两年更换一次。
乘坐国际、地区航班旅客（包含国际中转国际航班旅客），可随身携带容器容积不超过100毫升的液态物品：盛放液态物品的容器，应置于容积不超过1升的、可重新封口的透明塑料袋中，每名旅客每次仅允许携带一个透明塑料袋，超出部分应办理托运。 Roma, (askanews) - Donne unite in tutto il mondo contro le discriminazioni e le
|
32 | 3 | 3 |
ن ارزاق مورد نیاز خود از جمله برنج نداشته باشند، عرضه برنج دولتی در بازار و فروشگاه های زنجیره ای استان های کشور از 18 اردیبهشت ماه کلید خورد.
وی اظهار داشت: در طرح ضیافت، برنج در کنار ارزاق دیگر همچون روغن، شکر و سایر اقلام عرضه شده که برای این طرح 30 هزار تن در نظر گرفته بودیم که تاکنون بیش از نیمی از آن به بازار عرضه شده و بقیه نیز تا پایان این ماه عرضه می شود.
معاون بازرگانی شرکت بازرگانی دولتی ایران با بیان اینکه برنج مورد نیاز مردم به اندازه کافی در بازار موجود است، ادامه داد: هیچ کمبودی در این زمینه نداریم و در صورت نیاز بیش از میزان در نظر گرفته شده به بازار تزریق خواهد شد.
وی افزود: بر مبنای سیاست های دولت قیمت هر کیلوگرم برنج هندی (1121) 5600 تومان، هومالی 3900 تومان و تایلندی گرید (B) نزدیک 2500 تومان باید به دست مصرف کنندگان برسد.
معروفان، خاطرنشان ساخت: با توجه به ذخایر مناسب کالاهای اساسی همچون گندم، برنج، شکر و روغن، بابت توزیع و تنظیم بازار این کالاها در ماه مبارک رمضان هیچگونه مشکلی وجود ندارد.
به گزارش ایرنا، شرکت بازرگانی دولتی ایران برای تنظیم بازار ماه مبارک رمضان از 22 اردیبهشت ماه امسال اقدام به عرضه 30 هزار تن برنج، 30 هزار تن شکر، 10 هزار تن روغن خوراکی و 20 هزار تن ماکارونی در فروشگاه های زنجیره ای و تعاونی های مصرف با قیمت های مشخص و مصوب کرده تا به دست مصرف کنندگان برسد.
همچنین ٢٠ هزار تن شکر برای مصارف صنوف مرتبط با تهیه شیرینی و شکلات در نظر گرفته شد.
طبق توافق انجام شده، قیمت هر کیلوگرم روغن نباتی و شکر با ١٠ درصد تخفیف و هر بسته ماکارونی با ١٠ تا ١٥ درصد تخفیف زیر نرخ بازار، به مصرف کنندگان عرضه می شود.
پارسال نیز در طرح ضیافت ماه مبارک رمضان 30 هزار تن برنج با قیمت هر کیلو 2700 تومان و 20 هزار تن شکر سفید به قیمت هرکیلوگرم 2800 تومان توزیع شد.
شرکت بازرگانی دولتی ایران به عنوان شرکت تامین کننده کالاهای اساسی و راهبردی کشور، وظیفه تنظیم بازار داخلی را برعهده دارد. Each August our staff takes a week to reflect, assess, and prepare for the upcoming school year. Staff development week is a long-standing tradition at SEEC — one that we look forward to, to connect with our colleagues and lay the groundwork for the upcoming year. It is an especially important way to bring the entire SEEC team together. Our school is physically divided into three centers so staff development week makes us feel like one family and helps provide continuity across the program.
Melody Passemante-Powell, director of infant and toddler programs, kicked off the week with a team building presentation. She got the morning started by sharing inspirational quotes about education. This exercise had a deeper purpose though. It helped us see that while everyone believed that the education of young children is important, not all of us had the same perspective of how to achieve that. She used this as a launching point to think about how important it is for us to consider alternative perspectives and not make assumptions when interacting with staff, children, and families.
Anti-Bias, Objects, and Technology
Our team at the Center for Innovation in Early Learning (CIEL) followed with a presentation on anti-bias education. SEEC has always been thoughtful about creating an inclusive learning environment, but with the opening of the National Museum of African American History and Culture and of course, current events, the issue has grown ever more important. We spent the morning focusing on the anti-bias education framework as outlined by NAEYC and considering it in terms of our unique school model. We concluded our time by asking faculty to begin building a tool that would help us reflect on the anti-bias nature of our classrooms, lessons, and relationships.
CIEL also led the group in an exercise reiterating the importance of connecting our lessons to the museum objects. SEEC believes strongly in facilitating activities and careful looking strategies that connect our lessons to the museum object, and we had fun demonstrating this with our colleagues. Our final CIEL segment was a collaboration with our administrative team that explored technology and early childhood classrooms. The large part of our presentation was thinking as a group about how we feel about technology and how it fits into our school. We are compiling the feedback in the hopes of continuing the dialogue.
Executive Functioning and Early Intervention
We were also lucky enough to have a few guest speakers. Occupational therapist, Judi Greenberg, from Child Development Consultants led us in a great discussion about executive functioning skills. Greenberg reminded us of the importance of executive functioning and helped us think of ways we can help develop these skills in our students. She also reviewed signs that a child might be struggling with executive functioning and ways we can help them. We also had an informative session with DCPS’ Early Stages reminding us of their array of services and the benefits of early intervention. It felt great to know all the ways we can support our families.
Of course there was a lot of time for our faculty to work on preparing our classrooms and they are looking great! Now that it is all wrapped up, we can’t wait for the children to arrive on Tuesday. Design intent governs –or should govern –every choice we make in CAD modeling. Design intent recognizes that the initial design phase is only a small portion of the life cycle of a product. We spend significantly more time modifying and updating models as requirements change. Therefore, we want to build additional information into our models so that changes propagate intelligently to related features and components.
When it comes to assembly design methodologies, bottom up design (BUD) and top down design (TDD) are the most popular and well-known.
In BUD, first you create individual part models, and arrange them together into lower-level assemblies. Those assemblies are placed in higher-level assemblies, and so on, until the top-level product is finished.
Bottom up has disadvantages, though. It does not work well for advanced products with large numbers of components and many levels of hierarchy. It especially doesn’t work well when parts and subassemblies have interdependencies between each other. Updating BUD assemblies tends to be tedious, overly manual, time-consuming, and error-prone. Even worse, it often results in cascading regeneration failures that frustrates the users and increases time-to-market.
In TDD, we first define our product structure – the organization of major subsystems, subassemblies, and other components—without focusing on the geometry in individual parts. We use special models to consolidate critical design information. Skeletons capture geometry that affects multiple assemblies and parts; notebooks do the same for dimensions and parameters. We communicate that design information from skeletons and notebooks to individual components. In this way, we can implement changes at the top level, and the interconnected components update in ways that we plan for and expect.
Smart, connected products introduce new challenges to our traditional approaches. Products have always contained commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, such as fasteners, cabling, and electrical components. When our products become smart and connected, this list expands to include:
We often need to locate these components first, and design the housing and/or rest of the product around them.
This particular technique –interior electronics then exterior housing –is middle-out design (MOD). This technique has already been used across many sectors, especially in products that involve the packaging of components in housings and boxes, sometimes known as line replaceable units (LRUs) in the Aerospace and Defense sector.
Some people see bottom up, middle out, and top down as separate realms, and never the “thrain” shall meet:
In the real world, though, products are designed using a combination of methodologies. The overall product may be designed using top down, but individual subassemblies may be created using bottom up. As necessary, some components and systems may be laid out using middle out, and then top down takes over. The situation actually resembles the following:
The development of smart, connected products exists at the intersection of bottom up, middle out, and top down design.
With that in mind, what CAD tools and techniques support MOD in product development?
Using these techniques, and combining MOD with TDD, will improve your design process for smart, connected products. The mental and emotional disorder known as adolescent depression is no different medically from adult depression. However, in teens the symptoms may manifest themselves in different ways than in adults. This may be because teens face different social and developmental challenges, such as peer pressure, changing hormone levels, and developing bodies. Depression isn’t a condition people can “snap out of” or simply “cheer up” from. It’s a real medical condition that can affect a person’s life in every manner if it’s not treated properly.
According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), around 3.2 million Americans between 12 and 17 years old had at least one major depressive episode in 2017. They represent 13.3 percent of 12- to 17-year-olds in the United States. Females were around three times as likely as males to report a depressive episode.
How Does One Know Their Teenager Is Depressed?
The symptoms of depression can often be difficult for parents to spot. Depression is sometimes confused with the typical feelings of puberty and teenage adjustment.
However, depression is more than boredom or a disinterest in school. According to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP), symptoms of teen depression include:
- appearing sad or irritable
- crying spells
- changes in appetite or weight (poor appetite is the most common)
- a decreased interest in activities once seen as pleasurable (anhedonia)
- feeling fatigued/lethargic
- difficulty concentrating or maintaining focus
- feelings of guilt
- worthlessness, or helplessness
- alcohol or drug misuse
- major changes in sleeping habits, difficulty falling asleep or early AM wakening
- regular complaints of boredom
- talking about or thinking of suicide
- withdrawal from friends or after-school activities
- worsening school performance
Risk Factors for Adolescent Depression
Factors that may increase a teen’s risk for depression include:
- a family crisis, such as death or divorce
- having a difficult time with their sexual orientation, in the case of teens who are LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and more)
- having trouble adjusting socially
- having no social or emotional support
- living in a violent household
- being bullied
- having a chronic illness
- Teens who have trouble adjusting socially or who lack a support system have an especially high risk of depression.
Depression in teens is highly treatable once a diagnosis is made. اتحاد مسلمانان و مسیحیان روسیه در برابر هتک حرمت و سوزاندن قرآن در سوئد
نهادهای مذهبی مسلمانان و مسیحیان روسیه نیز به اقدام اخیر یک سیاستمدار تندرو در سوزاندن قرآن کریم در پایتخت سوئد واکنش نشان دادند و آن را محکوم کردند.
به گزارش ردنا (ادیان نیوز)، اداره مذهبی مسلمانان فدراسیون روسیه و کلیسای ارتدکس این کشور ر
|
32 | 4 | 0 |
15-7.
- Spector, Ronald (1985). Eagle Against the Sun: The American War With Japan. Vintage. ISBN 0-394-74101-3.
- Stewart, William (2009). Admirals of the World: A Biographical Dictionary, 1500 to the Present. Mcfarland & Co Inc. ISBN 0-7864-3809-6.
- Takada, Makiko (1995). Showa Tenno to Yonai Mitsumasa to. Hara Shobo. ISBN 4-562-02694-4.
- Takagi, Sokichi (1982). Yamamoto Isoroku to Yonai Mitsumasa: Fu Rengō Kantai Shimatsuki. Kojinsha. ISBN 4-7698-0173-4.
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mitsumasa Yonai.|
|Wikiquote has quotations related to: Mitsumasa Yonai|
- Annotated bibliography for Mitsumasa Yonai from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
- Nishida, Hiroshi. "Materials of IJN: Yonai, Mitsumasa". Imperial Japanese Navy. Retrieved August 3, 2007.
|Commander of the Combined Fleet
Dec 1936 - Feb 1937
|Minister of the Navy
Jun 1937 – Aug 1939
|Prime Minister of Japan
Jan 1940 - July 1940
|Minister of the Navy
Jul 1944 – Dec 1945 Event Emergency Management
Overview – Emergency Preparedness
Emergency situations can arise at any time and in any place. Whether it is a large-scale natural or weather-related disaster, fire, acts of violence, terrorism or pandemic, accident, illness, or death.
A meeting or event organizer has no greater responsibility than ensuring the health and safety of their attendees.
When an emergency situation occurs, you may have only moments to respond, and the actions taken can have a significant impact on the event as well as the organization. Having a right set of plans in place that can help you act swiftly to mitigate that impact is critical.
Event Emergency Response Team (EERT)
EERT is IEEE’s centralized event emergency preparedness hub, offering strategies, best practices, and resources for all IEEE global events. EERT will assist organizers in minimizing the impact of emergencies on event performance, safety and well-being attendees, and organizational reputation.
EERT offers event organizers:
- guidance on planning for a wide range of emergencies
- a centralized decision-making structure to facilitate an orderly and effective response
- expert advisement and guidance through a crisis
- coordination with internal IEEE groups (legal, corporate communications, risk management)
- facilitation of communications about the emergency
- ability to bring in additional resources as needed
How to report an incident or concern
Together, we will create a working strategy that defines the decision-making process, the chain of command for various circumstances and how the organization wishes to define what constitutes a real versus perceived crisis.
How to prepare
|Download IEEE’s Event Emergency Action Planning Template|
|Get additional crisis management planning tips|
Contact for general inquiry
For general inquiry about IEEE’s event emergency preparedness program, contact: Today, MIT released the results of a global survey on the moral and ethical decisions that autonomous vehicles should be programmed to make. The survey reveals that general preferences include prioritizing human lives over animals, younger and healthier people over the elderly and saving more lives over fewer lives. People also preferred to spare bystanders (who were obeying the law) over jaywalkers.
The study is unique because of its sheer scale; over 2 million people from 200+ countries participated in the survey. It presented variations the “Trolley Problem,” a classic ethical dilemma that asks participants to choose who to save in the event that an out-of-control trolley is endangering people. When it comes to autonomous vehicles, the software may have to prioritize whether to swerve into a group of people to avoid a head-on collision or decide whether to save its own passengers at the expense of lives in another vehicle.
This is the AOL video player, press Space to toggle play and pause
We Are Sorry,
Video no longer available
While the survey results revealed general preferences, there were variations and trends based on where respondents were from. “The main preferences were to some degree universally agreed upon,” lead author Edmond Awad, a postdoc at MIT, said in a release. “But the degree to which they agree with this or not varies among different groups or countries.” An example is that in “eastern” countries, including many in Asia, respondents were not in favor of prioritizing young lives over the elderly.
The full results of the study will be published in the journal Nature. It will be interesting to see if autonomous vehicle programmers take results into account when determining the ethical and moral preferences of the vehicles they are working on. L'assedio
Crescono ancora le tensioni sul confine dell'eclave spagnola di Ceuta, in Marocco, dove da ieri centinaia di migranti provenienti dall'Africa sub-sahariana tentano di penetrare in territorio iberico. Attorno alle 6 di questa mattina le forze di sicurezza marocchine e le truppe della Guardia civil hanno respinto un nuovo tentativo di superare la recinzione di confine della città da parte di un migliaio di persone. Lo riportano le dichiarazioni della Guardia civil, riprese dalla stampa spagnola. Nelle ultime ore circa 200 persone sono riuscite a superare la barriera. Tre guardie sono state ferite dal "lancio di pietre" e dall'uso di "lance, pali e bastoni". Nella giornata di ieri altre 187 persone erano riuscite a superare le recinzioni cogliendo di sorpresa una decina di poliziotti, che non sono riusciti a impedirgli l'accesso.
i più letti How to Make a Clay Cell Model
How to Make a Clay Cell Model
One of my son’s favorite homeschool memories was of creating his own clay cell model! For those of us who grew up in the days of read-about-a-cell-in-the-textbook-and-take-a-test-on-the-parts-of-the-cell, it can sometimes be difficult to remember that there are lots of fun ways to study all kinds of topics! We may sometimes shy away from doing more hands-on projects because we (mistakenly!) think hands-on projects necessarily take lots of time. While that can be the case, it definitely doesn’t have to be! Creating this clay cell model is just one example of a fun activity that can take as much or as little time as you’d like to devote to it. Give it a try!
NOTE: If you want to devote more time to this activity, you can always work on it for a certain amount of time each day instead of completing it all at once!
Materials You’ll Need
This clay cell project requires only a few simple items from beginning to end. The clay I prefer is an air-dry clay since this prevents the need for baking if you want to keep your cell for any period of time.
- FloraCraft Styrofoam (white or green)
- Crayola Air Dry Clay 2.5 Lb Bucket (white)
- Plaid Acrylic Paint, 2-Ounce, Best Selling Colors I (or use paints you already have)
- Round toothpicks
How to Do It
- Look at a diagram showing the parts of the cell. Our article, Edible Cell Project: Chocolate Chip Cookie Science, includes pictures of both a plant cell and an animal cell that you can use as references.
- Make a list (or use the one below) of the parts of the cell you want to create and label. If you have younger children, you might only choose to include a few parts of the cell, For older students, you might do all of the ones listed.
- Have your child create whichever parts of the cell you want to include in your cell model.
- While the clay is still wet, insert a toothpick halfway into each part of the cell. Larger pieces, such as the nucleus, may need two toothpicks.
- Then place each part onto the styrofoam “cell” and push the toothpick into the styrofoam to hold the part in place.
- After all the pieces are in place, roll out a strip of clay to serve as the cell membrane and press it around the edge of the styrofoam cell.
- After the pieces are dry, it’s time to paint your cell! Have fun!
- After the cell is complete, you may want to have your child label the parts (as shown in the photo of the finished cell). Or you may choose not to label the parts so you can use your finished cell as a way of occasionally checking to be sure your child remembers them.
Items to Label in Your Animal or Plant Cell Model
Use the list below as suggestions for parts to include in your cell. CLICK HERE to download a printable version of this list.
- Golgi body
- Rough ER ( Endoplasmic Reticulum )
- Smooth ER
- Plasma Membrane
- Cell Wall ( if plant cell)
- Nuclear Membrane
More Ways to Make Science Fun!
If you’re looking for more ways to study cells with your children, take a look at 10 Awesome Ways to Make a Cell Model! You’ll find suggestions for making cells from cake, Jello, cookies, and even Shrinky Dinks and Legos!
If you’d like more ideas for studying plant cells, this Plant Cells Printable Pack includes activities and worksheets for studying the parts of plant cells.
Or maybe you’re studying animal cells and would like this Animal Cells Printable Pack! Intravenous (IV) nutrition is a method of feeding vitamins, minerals, and other natural substances directly into a patient’s bloodstream. Bypassing the digestive system is the main advantage of IV nutrition.
When substances are given orally they must be processed through the stomach and the intestines. Many substances may be rendered inactive in the digestive tract, or may not be well absorbed due to poor intestinal function. By directly administering nutrients to the body higher than normal blood levels can be achieved. These increased levels can provide an immediate therapeutic response by correcting deficiencies that may arise from a disease state.
View IV Therapy FAQs have/share (something) in commonidiom
Definition of have/share (something) in common
: to have (a feature or characteristic) which is shared Intersecting lines have one point in common. The cameras share some basic features in common. The two cultures have a lot in common (with each other).
Love words? Need even more definitions?Merriam-Webster unabridged
Words at Play
Ask the Editors
- On Contractions of Multiple Words
- A Look at Uncommon Onomatopoeia
- Is Singular 'They' a Better Choice? A new gene that makes bacteria resistant to virtually all antibiotics has been discovered in patients in the United States, Britain and South Asia, according to an Aug. 11, 2010, Reuters report by health and science reporters Kate Kelland and Ben Hirschler. The new gene apparently originated in India and is being spread outside the country by patients traveling there for inexpensive health care.
The article quoted Timothy Walsh of Cardiff University in Britain, who said: "At a global level, this is a real concern...Because of medical tourism [traveling abroad for medical procedures] and international travel in general, resistance to these types of bacteria has the potential to spread around the world very, very quickly. And there is nothing in the (drug development) pipeline to tackle it."
A longtime problem in health care is the ability of bacteria to develop resistance to antibiotics, meaning researchers are constantly forced to develop new antibiotics to treat infections.
A particularly troubling development in recent years was the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, which takes thousands of lives worldwide every year due to its resistance to most antibiotics. This new gene raises the stakes even higher, as no new drugs are in development that can effectively deal with it.
Because India is becoming a growing provider for cosmetic surgery for Americans and Europeans, it's likely bacteria with the drug-resistant gene will spread worldwide, with potentially devastating results. (Source: Reuters.) Perle Systems Technical Notes
Anytime a product connects to the outside world, electrostatic discharge is a threat that can cause serious damage to electronic components.
RS232 cabling is highly susceptible to these harmful discharges.
According to the Electrostatic Discharge Association http://www.esda.org, “Industry experts have estimated average product losses due to static to range from 8-33%. Others estimate the actual cost of ESD damage to the electronics industry as running into the billions of dollars annually”
Don’t risk your operation with serial cards that do not have this protection.
All Perle serial cards include ESD protection circuitry and are tested to withstand ESD events up to ±15kV based on the Human Body Model, EN61000 4-1 ( IEC1000-4-2 ) Air-Gap Discharge standards providing the reliability needed for continuous operation. 星期一，约尔根克林斯曼被解雇为美国足球队的教练，在哥斯达黎加以4比0输球后6天，美国队在世界杯预选赛的最后一轮比赛中将美国队的比分降至0-2。
洛杉矶银河队主教练布鲁斯竞技场是接替克林斯曼的最爱，他的招聘最早可能在周二宣布。 竞技场从1998年到2006年执教国家队。
3月24日美国主办洪都拉斯，4天后在巴拿马比赛，资格赛续约。
美国足球联合会主席苏尼尔古拉蒂说：“虽然我们仍然有信心，我们有优秀的球员帮助我们前往俄罗斯2018年，但到目前为止球队的形式和发展使我们确信我们需要走向不同的方向。”在一份声明中。 “随着3月下旬的下一场资格赛，我们有几个月的时间来重新调整这个小组，并确定最好的前进方式，以确保成功连续第八次参加世界杯。”
克林斯曼是一名前德国明星前锋，自1998年退役以来一直居住在南加州，克林斯曼于2011年7月取代鲍勃布拉德利并带领球队获得2013年CONCACAF金杯赛冠军和2014年世界杯第二轮冠军，美国人在加时赛中输给了比利时队。
但在去年的金杯赛半决赛中，牙买加队被淘汰出局，并在季后赛中输给了墨西哥队参加联合会杯的比赛。 在4-0输给阿根廷之前，球队反弹到达美洲杯半决赛。 但本月墨西哥在俄亥俄州哥伦布市以2比1击败美国队，这是自2001年以来首次在美国主场输掉比赛资格。
上周，美国人在哥斯
|
32 | 4 | 1 |
ate is directly related to the effort you put into gaining it.
3. View challenges as opportunities for growth.
Challenges excite lifelong learners. Why? Because lifelong learners see challenges as learning opportunities and, ultimately, a chance to enhance their own competence and intelligence. Relishing challenges is one of the most distinctive differences between people with growth versus fixed mindsets.
4. Have confidence in yourself as a competent, effective learner.
You may have had trouble performing well in school, or maybe you feel that you have a poor memory and can’t soak up all the facts that other people can. The first step towards correcting this is to combat it first-hand. Improve your memory with puzzles and reward yourself when you do perform well now. Have the confidence to say you can become a competent, effective learner–through a growth mindset–if you aren’t already.
5. Create your own learning toolbox.
What personal learning strategies do you use? Do you listen to podcasts, jot down notes, draw concept maps, or rehearse what you’ve learned aloud? What’s your routine like? Do you enjoy reading the news in the morning while you drink your coffee? Skim the Twitter headlines during your lunch break? Study French after dinner? Identify the tools you use to promote your own learning, and create new ones to add to your collection. Being aware of how you learn is an important part of being an effective lifelong learner.
6. Use technology to your advantage.
Mobile learning has never been more possible. Take advantage of it! You are what you do, so make a habit of using technology to boost your skills and knowledge on a daily basis.
7. Teach/mentor others.
If you can’t explain what you’ve learned to someone else in a way they can understand, then you probably don’t really understand it yourself. Sharing knowledge with others is an excellent way to reveal your own strengths and weaknesses and really lock learning into place.
You’ve heard of the “importance of play,” maybe a little too frequently lately, and it’s essential not only to immediate, short term learning but also to lifelong learning. Keep it fun and it will remain interesting as well.
9. Look at the science.
One thing that might be keeping you back from learning new things is the belief that you can’t learn new things. But neuroscience and psychology have shown this to be false. Our brains remain plastic and malleable well into old age, and it’s possible to create new connections among neurons and learn new things even if you’re 80 years old.
10. Try new things on a frequent basis.
Trying new things not only keeps our brains sharp but also feeds the growth mindset. When you broaden your perspective, you start to realize there’s far more left to learn about the world than you ever imagined.
11. Learn from those who have a strong growth mindset.
Surround yourself with people who are constantly learning, reading, sharing, discovering. It will inspire you to do the same for yourself.
12. Design personal learning goals.
It always helps to have a plan. Sure, one of the best things about learning is that you’re free to explore any topic, any time you want. But mastery feels good. That’s why some of us decide to learn Italian in six weeks or memorize all the decimals in Pi. Identifying and visualizing goals helps us become driven, effective learners.
13. Talk about what you’ve learned.
This one becomes increasingly important as you meet people throughout adulthood. We all want to sound educated and informed to others, and lifelong learning ensures that we will. Be sure to use what you learn in conversation.
14. Always have an answer to the question, “What are you reading?”
It can be a series of articles, a short story collection, a novel, a memoir, a textbook. Anything, as long as you’re invested and willing to learn.
15. Keep a “to-learn” list.
It can consist of entire languages or quirky facts, as long as it’s yours. There’s something permanent-feeling about writing something down–try it, you’ll see the difference.
16. Ask questions when you’re confused.
Many of us think asking questions is a sign of ignorance, but I say it’s a sign of maturity. If you are confident enough in your own intelligence to speak up when you need clarification, you’ll have no trouble becoming a lifelong learner–and you’ll know more than you did if you’d been too shy.
17. Practice thinking for yourself.
Albert Einstein once said, “Any man who reads too much and uses his own brain too little falls into lazy habits of thinking.” Simply studying the wisdom of others isn’t enough, you have to think through ideas yourself. Spend time journaling, meditating, or contemplating over ideas you have learned.
18. Put it into practice.
Skill-based learning is useless if it isn’t applied. Reading a book on C++ isn’t the same thing as writing a program. Studying painting isn’t the same as picking up a brush. If your knowledge can be applied, put it into practice and create something.
19. Filter your information stream.
There’s a lot of information out there, much of it unreliable or presented in a way that seems new but actually repeats what you already knew. Lifelong learners know when to pay attention and when to say, “Next, please.”
20. Learn in groups.
Some of us don’t like doing this–it reminds us of group projects in school. The truth is, learning with others is often more rewarding than learning on your own. For one thing, you get to see how other people interpret the same information in different ways, which is priceless information in and of itself.
21. Unlearn assumptions.
We all have long-held assumptions about the way the world works (or doesn’t work). To be lifelong learners, we need to be open to every and all possibilities. The world changes rapidly each decade, year, month, day–can you keep up?
22. Choose a career that encourages learning.
Pick a career that encourages continual learning. If you are in a job that doesn’t have much intellectual freedom, consider switching to one that does. Don’t spend forty hours of your week in a job that doesn’t challenge you.
23. Have projects and hobbies.
It seems like a simple idea, but the truth is, projects and hobbies can easily slip away from us when we’re not looking. And we tend to fall into patterns of low variety. Sure, you can learn plenty watching Breaking Bad every at night after work, but what if you also pick up knitting or read a Shakespeare play every other morning? It will only feel like work until you’ve slipped into a routine (which usually doesn’t take long).
24. Learn something new every day.
A short Education Life piece about a young “Renaissance man” describes how he has learned something new every day since his junior year in high school: For two and a half years, Jeremy Gleick, a sophomore majoring in bioengineering at the University of California, Los Angeles, has devoted an hour a day to learning something new. His rule: It can’t be related to schoolwork, or merely reading a novel. Even if he’s sleeping at a friend’s house, he squeezes in his hour. “At some point in the evening, I just excuse myself and go do it.” He recently passed his 1,000th hour of self-study, most of it done online.
25. Improve your memory.
If you can’t remember what you’ve learned, learning can be frustrating. There are plenty of techniques available to help improve your working memory capacity so that you can recall more of what you’ve learned. Try the card game “Set” for starters.
Promoting lifelong learning as continuous, collaborative, self-directed, active, broad in domain, everlasting, positive and fulfilling, and applicable to one’s profession as well as all aspects of one’s life has emerged as a major global educational challenge. Meeting this challenge will require changes in the way teachers teach and learners learn, as teachers take on a more facilitative role and learners take more responsibility for setting goals, identifying resources for learning, and reflecting on and evaluating their learning. Start with these 25 recommendations and you’ll be off on the right foot. Among the quotes displayed on posters on my classroom walls, one of the most relevant to my students, particularly when they begin (or try to begin) writing their research papers or college essays is this:
“Not knowing where to begin is a common form of paralysis. Begin anywhere.”
It sounds so simple. Sit down. Pick up a pen or set your fingers to the keyboard, and go. Begin. Let the words flow. And truly, it can be that simple–but we writers all know the feeling of sitting down in front of a blank sheet of paper or a glowing, white computer screen, the urge to write almost unbearable, only to fall victim to this sort of constipation of our creativity. No matter how hard we try, the right words–or any words at all–simply will. Not. Come. We are paralyzed in the face of our immense ideas, or by the sense that despite our need to write, we have no ideas.
Below are five writing prompts to help alleviate the uncomfortable sensation of writer’s block.
1. Unlived Lives
Throughout our lives, we are presented with choices, from the seemingly mundane, such as what to eat for breakfast or what to wear on a given day, to the more obviously life-altering, such as what college to attend or whom to marry. For this prompt, imagine your life had you made “the other” decision. What might have happened if you had taken that months-long road trip with your best friend instead of attending your first semester of college–what would your life be like now? Imagine the life you would be living had you married the first boy you ever loved (never mind that he never asked, like you thought he would). Imagine the life you would be living if you had not aborted the child who would’ve been your first born. What other lives, good or bad, have you had–but forgone in favor of another–the chance to live?
2. Dear Future Self
For this prompt, write a letter to your future self, as far or as near in the future as you like. What kinds of things will you hope for your future self? What kinds of questions will you ask? What will you hope you remember? What will you hope to have forgiven, accomplished, forgotten, experienced?
3. To-Do List
Take an objective look at your to-do list today. Write about what someone would think of you based solely upon that list. If all someone had to imagine the kind of person you are was today’s to-do list, what would he think? Consider the hobbies, obligations, jobs, activities, interests he might imagine you have or are involved with.
4. Another’s View of You
Imagine yourself from the perspective of someone else. Perhaps take on the view of the checkout girl who rang you up at the local grocery store, the man in the car beside you at the traffic light, the neighbor who passes you on his bike as you walk your dog. What do these people notice about you, think about you, infer about you, wonder about you? Take on the perspective of someone else, and write about yourself in third-person from this new perspective.
Start the prompt with “My name should have been…” and let your ideas flow. What should your name have been? Why?
The next time you experience the painful paralysis of writer’s block, I invite you to employ one (or all!) of these prompts. If you’re feeling really inspired, I invite you to post your written response to one (or more!) of these prompts in a comment on this post.
There is, I think, a general consensus in the writing world that writing necessitates reading. To be a good writer, you must also be a reader. Many well-known adages advocate for this. “And when you cannot write, read” and “If you don’t have time to read, you don’t have the time (or the tools) to write,” the latter by Stephen King, to name just two. Writing courses also perpetuate the idea, especially beginner courses or courses for elementary-aged students, which often recommend as a starting point the imitation of a certain writer, style, or genre. Truth be told, even in my Master’s program, I was once assigned a certain poet to study and imitate. We are all familiar with the famous works of Anne Lamott (I have my College Composition students read her essay, “Shitty First Drafts,” each semester), Stephen King, and other experts in the field when it comes to our craft. Here, I share in no particular order some perhaps lesser known but nonetheless worthwhile reads for writers. Some I received as gifts. Others I stumbled upon. Still others were assigned reading in various undergraduate and graduate courses I have completed.
2. Room to Write: Daily Invitations to a Writer’s Life, Bonni Goldberg
I recommend this book for anyone who finds herself in front of the blank page or glaringly white computer screen asking, “What do I write about?” only to remain seated, staring, paralyzed, at the same blank page or screen. Every page of the book presents a new writing prompt, for a total of just shy of 200 prompts. Each page is broken into three parts: a brief explanation or introduction, the prompt itself, and a relevant and often enlightening, inspiring, or encouraging quote from well-known writers like Zora Neale Hurston, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., and Emily Dickinson.
3. On Writing Well: The Classic Guide to Writing Nonfiction, William Zinsser
My favorite thing about this book when I read it as a graduate student a few years ago was its easy-to-read and conversational tone. To this day, I often use Chapter 14, “Writing About Yourself: The Memoir,” to help teach my high school students vital lessons about writing about themselves in the context of the college essay. The writing is accessible and easy to relate to. It is broken into four parts: Principles, Methods, Forms, and Attitudes, with each part further broken down into individual chapters. I recommend this work for writers of fiction or nonfiction. Though it is clearly geared towards nonfiction writers, the lessons presented could benefit any writer.
4. 642 Things to Write About
As with Room to Write, I recommend this book for anyone who thinks he is at a loss for material. It is the perfect weapon against writer’s block. This book is full of blank pages, which might sound intimidating, but on each page is a prompt–or in some cases, multiple prompts. Sometimes, when I feel the urge to write but don’t think I have anything to say, I page through this book until I find a prompt that inspires me, and begin. If your main interest is simply to write, without necessarily studying the craft in depth, this book will help you see exactly how much subject matter you really do have at your fingertips. Your job is to just get it onto the page.
5. The Situation and the Story: The Art of Personal Narrative, Vivian Gornick
This book provides commentary and instruction on craft, as well as examples of various writing to help illustrate when and how a certain effect or goal is achieved well. It also discusses how to craft yourself into a character/narrator, among other topics pertinent to those trying their hand at personal narrative. It begins with an introduction, and from there breaks off into parts: the essay, the memoir, and the conclusion.
6. Writing Creative Nonfiction, Carolyn Forche and Philip Gerard (editors)
This fascinating book (partly because the genre around which it is centered is so intriguing to me) includes explanations, examples, and exercises in each chapter. The explanations are enlightening; the examples are entertaining, informative, and illustrative (I particularly enjoyed “A Braided Heart: Shaping the Lyric Essay,” by Brenda Miller, a piece that, years after my first reading of it, influences my writing); and the exercises are thoughtful , demanding the participant to do more than just write. For example, one of the first exercises, on page 13, consists of three steps:
Write a short poem about a real-life event, personal or public, that interests you deeply.
In the above poem, identify the Subject that was triggered by the writing.
From the poem, write a piece of creative nonfiction about the same Subject
The completion of this exercise requires much, not the least of which is experimenting with genre–writing about the same topic using two very different genres, poetry and creative nonfiction. You will be amazed at the different lives a piece can take on when written in various formats.
7. Your Life as Story: Discovering the “New Autobiography” and Writing Memoir as Literature, Tristine Rainer
This book, broken into 22 chapters, does exactly what its title claims: Provides an understanding of how to turn your own life into a readable, publishable story.We are all the star of our own plot. This book aims to help you structure it and express it in an artistic, deliberate manner. In addition, it touches on difficult subjects, such as how to write about others, in Chapter 10, “Portraying Others: Casting Your Story From Life.” And, of course, very few writing books would be complete without writing exercises, which
|
32 | 4 | 2 |
بتوانید آنها را برای زندگی طولانی تر تربیت کنید.اگر یک خروس در هدف پرورش دادن قرار دارد، چیزی که باید بدانید این است که خروس ها چقدر عمر می کنند. طول عمر آنها از نژادی به نژاد دیگر متفاوت و به فهرست طولانی از عوامل بستگی دارد. مطمئن شوید که خود را با دانش کافی برای ایجاد برنامه ای در افزایش طول عمر خروس خود مجهز کرده اید. The Learning Perspective
The Learning perspective argues that children imitate what they see and hear,and that children learn from punishment
and reinforcement.(Shaffer,Wood,& Willoughby,2002).
The main theorist associated with the learning perspective is B.F. Skinner. Skinner argued that adults shape the speech
of children by reinforcing the babbling of infants that sound most like words. (Skinner,1957,as cited in Shaffer,et.al,2002).
The Nativist Perspective
The nativist perspective argues that humans are biologically programmed to gain knowledge.The main theorist associated with this perspective is Noam Chomsky.
Chomsky proposed that all humans have a language acqusition device (LAD). The LAD contains knowledge
of grammatical rules common to all languages (Shaffer,et.al,2002).The LAD also allows children to understand the rules
of whatever language they are listening to.Chomsky also developed the concepts of transformational
grammar, surface structure,and deep structure.
Transformational grammar is grammar that transforms a sentence. Surface structures are words
that are actually written. Deep structure is the underlying message or meaning of a sentence. (Matlin,2005).
Interactionists argue that language development is
both biological and social. Interactionists argue that language learning is influenced by the desire of children to communicate
The Interactionists argue that "children are born with a powerful
brain that matures slowly and predisposes them to acquire new understandings that
they are motivated to share with others" ( Bates,1993;Tomasello,1995, as cited in shaffer,et al.,2002,p.362).
The main theorist associated with interactionist theory is Lev Vygotsky.Interactionists
focus on Vygotsky's model of collaborative learning ( Shaffer,et al.,2002). Collaborative learning is the idea that conversations
with older people can help children both cognitively and linguistically ( Shaffer,et.al,2002). 14 Dec 2020
Thoughts from Iain Skinner BSc(Hons) MRICS, principal of Skinner Holden Property Advisors.
"The concept of Green Belt in England was introduced around London in 1938 and extended to other cities from 1955. 15 towns and cities now have a green belt policy to prevent urban sprawl. They are: Newcastle Upon Tyne, York, Leeds, Manchester, Sheffield, Liverpool, Nottingham, Stoke on Trent, Birmingham & Coventry, Cambridge, London, Oxford, Bristol & Bath and Bournemouth. They cover about 13% of the area of England.
The Green Belts have five purposes:
• to check the unrestricted sprawl of large built-up areas
• to prevent neighbouring towns merging into one another
• to assist in safeguarding the countryside from encroachment
• to preserve the setting and special character of historic towns
• to assist in urban regeneration, by encouraging the recycling of derelict and other urban land
Unlike National Parks or Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, the landscape quality of the Green Belt is not a factor in its designation. Local authorities should plan positively to enhance the beneficial use of the Green Belt, such as looking for opportunities to provide access, outdoor sports & recreation; to retain and enhance landscapes and biodiversity; or to improve damaged and derelict land.
Generally new buildings are deemed to be inappropriate in the Green Belt. However, there are exceptions. These are:
• Buildings for agriculture & forestry.
• Facilities for outdoor sport, recreation and for cemeteries.
• Extension or alterations to existing buildings.
• Replacement of existing buildings.
• Limited infilling in villages and limited affordable housing.
• Limited infilling or redevelopment of previously developed sites (brownfield land), whether redundant or still used.
Other development may also be appropriate in the Green Belt, such as mineral extraction, engineering operations, transport infrastructure, the re-use of buildings of substantial and permanent construction and development under a Community Right to Build Order. How Sugar and Fat Feed Emotional Eating
In times of need, most of seek solace in a slice of pizza, or can’t wait to get our hands on some good ole’ fashioned sweets. But when it comes to emotional eating, how do these foods loaded with sugar and fat affect our emotional state? What actually causes us to crave these types of foods when we are depressed or stressed out?
“When it comes to our diet, sugar and fat seem to help us cope with intense periods of high stress,” says Tessa Prior-Pullins, one of the lead dietitians for BistroMD. “Even though these types of foods seem to calm our nerves, there is no definite scientific reason as to why we turn to these foods for comfort.”
In a new study conducted by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, however, there appears to be a direct link between hormones in our stomach, communicating the need for sugar and fat to our brains.
“Up until this point, most research about emotional eating has been focused on the experience of eating—tastes, smells, and textures,” says Tessa. “This study is unique because the experience of eating food is eliminated entirely. Volunteers of the study were actually fed through an unmarked stomach tube.”
So, what exactly did this new study conclude about emotional eating, and how do cravings for sugar and fat fill an emotional void? Our expert explains.
All in Your Head?
“Even in this type of artificial setting, the volunteers negative emotions of sadness and anxiety seemed to dissipate when they were fed certain ‘junk’ foods,” says Tessa. “The results seemed to prove that the volunteers were more upbeat when they were full with foods containing saturated fat.”
The results of this study are the first to show that emotional eating may operate on a biological as well as psychological level. Instead of the stereotypical notion that emotional eating is ‘all in your head’ the results of this study may prove otherwise.
This study may actually be one of the few to prove that the effect of food on your mood may be related to biology.
Is Your Stomach Emotional Too?
Most of us would think that our stomachs are emotional based on the noises they make sometimes, but what if this was actually the case?
“This study actually reveals that hormones in our stomach could contribute to our cravings for high sugar and fat foods,” says Tessa. “This is especially true during high periods of emotional stress. This could help explain why so many of us have those uncontrollable cravings for certain foods in tough times.”
Researchers at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases also believe this is one of the contributing factors to the rapidly rising obesity rates across the nation.
“This signal sent from our stomachs to our brains could indicate why it is so difficult for us to avoid food cravings in such stressful times,” says Tessa. “Evolution has actually made every aspect of eating more enjoyable for us—from the taste, to the sight, and even the sound. During stressful times, this can actually cause our stomachs to crave more of a certain food, signaling to our brains that it's time to eat.”
Divide and Conquer?
Even though foods high in sugar and fat tend to send us into an emotional eating frenzy, there are steps and measures you can take to avoid succumbing to your food desires.
“Contrary to popular belief, there are healthy foods out there that can fill your emotional void for junk food,” says Tessa. “Foods high in antioxidants—like strawberries—have shown to have a significant calming effect on both stress levels and feelings of anxiety.”
To conquer your food cravings, having a healthy mind set is especially important. Practicing techniques like yoga, and even just exercising on a daily basis can prevent your mind from desiring unhealthy foods. This can then cause your stomach to crave healthier options.
“Eating a well-balanced diet with a proper combination of protein, carbohydrates and healthy fats can help boost your mood significantly,” says Tessa. “Salmon, for example, contains omega-3 fatty acids, which have shown to improve mood, as well as providing significant boosts in energy levels.”
Whatever the study, emotional eating can be conquered just by making a significant effort to make better choices.
For more tips from BistroMD’s team of experts, please visit our healthy facts section for more information.
Next Article: Healthy Corner
Pedal Your Way to a Better Body Preparing Students for Entrepreneurship
Increasingly, many engineering students plan to pursue entrepreneurial careers after graduation. The Preston M. Green Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering recognizes the need to prepare students for this exciting and rewarding career path.
Becoming a successful entrepreneur requires a broad array of skills. Some of the key skills students may need as an entrepreneur are: understanding market need, innovation, financing, product development, securing and defending intellectual property, management, sales, marketing, business networking, and risk management.
While no one program can prepare students for all of the business situations students may face during the course of their entrepreneurial career, the Preston M. Green Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering strives to provide a springboard for students who want to become successful entrepreneurs.
Students can gain essential experience from the following classes or activities in the department:
Innovation, Technology Development, Prototyping:
Students can take a wide variety of course work in signals and systems (with applications in industry, medicine, defense, telecommunications, automobiles, and instrumentation), applied physics (with applications in semiconductors, nano-technology, microwave engineering, radio engineering, and biomedicine), and systems science and mathematics (with applications in optimization, control, automation, and operations research). Students may undertake undergraduate research (UGR, ESE 497) projects, either individually or as a team, and propose their own ideas for independent study (ESE 400) and senior design projects (ESE 498 and ESE 499). These projects help students to develop a deeper understanding of specific technologies, to pursue the development of new ideas, and to prototype systems. Students may also take advantage of internships and co-op opportunities with startup and established companies. Students may also take advantage of internships and co-op opportunities with startup and established companies. Students can acquire funding to create their own startup through various grant opportunities, including the Arch Grants Global Startup Competition, the NCIIA E-Team Program, the SEAS Discovery Competition, and the IDEA Lab. The SEAS Discovery Competition and the IDEA Lab encourage students to find innovative solutions to real-world problems and, in the case of IDEA Lab, students are given the opportunity to collaborate with medical school faculty to solve clinical problems.
Students have ample opportunities to participate in or initiate team projects. The department supports vibrant student organizations such as IEEE, SIAM, and EWB. Students assume leadership roles and initiate different projects. Examples of such projects include the modular dance floor, the little brother helicopter, the Tesla coil, and the plasma speaker. Through these projects, students learn to work with others, to manage projects, and in some cases to develop products to market.
The department sponsors many events during which students meet with successful entrepreneurs and learn their experiences first hand. The department boasts numerous alumni who have founded successful businesses here in the United States and around the world. Students meet with these successful alumni and develop personal relationships with them. Additionally, within the Washington University community, there are many opportunities to connect with other students who are interested in joining an entrepreneurial venture. The Skandalaris Center for Entrepreneurial Studies, housed in Simon Hall, is a center for learning that supports campus-wide entrepreneurial activities among all majors and serves as a liaison between entrepreneurs of all disciplines. Additionally, it provides substantial connections to outside capital and mentoring resources, which can benefit aspiring student entrepreneurs. Student chapters of professional organizations such as IEEE, SIAM, and EWB, are also excellent avenues for networking. The department encourages students to participate in the study abroad programs as additional opportunities for networking in overseas countries. One such opportunity is a course called "Venture Consulting in Israel", which allows students to gain experience in venture capitalism by working with startups in Israel.
Management, Marketing, Sales:
Students can take classes such as Entrepreneurship (MGT 421), Introduction to Marketing (MKT 370), Principles of Financial Accounting (B50 2610), Individual in a Managerial Environment (B53 100), Business Planning for New Enterprises: The Hatchery (B53 424), Community Development & Environmental Preservation through Entrepreneurial Collaboration (B63 550M), and CEL Entrepreneur Consulting Team (MGT 550X). Students may also pursue double majors in the entrepreneurship program of the John M. Olin School of Business. Some of the projects students initiated have proven successful in the marketplace.
Risk and Failure Management:
Many of the courses offered by the department require students to perform open-ended design tasks. Students learn to deal with technical and logistical challenges during the design processes, which include analyzing design tradeoffs and diagnosing and troubleshooting problems. Students may also take courses such as Legal Environment of Business (B53 421) to learn about the legal issues that entrepreneurs may face.
Chair, ESE Department One of the skills every parent would want their child to learn is swimming. In an era where private and public swimming pools are available, it only makes sense that the children should learn to swim. Even with all the facilities available, some parents are not sure if their child should learn how to swim. If you are still skeptical about teaching your child how to swim, these few pointers should convince you further.
If you live in an area with a swimming pool or a water body, then you will need to give your child swimming lessons. Many of the drowned children were because they accidentally fell into a water pool without no one noticing. Formal swimming lessons will ensure that the child can get themselves out of the water should they accidentally fall in the water. They can also behave accordingly around the pool since they will learn the pool area safety rules. Studies show that teaching children how to swim has led to a significant decrease in swimming pool accidents in many homes. It is the main reason parents with young children have taught them how to swim before they can even walk.
Helps Develop Motor Skills
For small kids, teaching them how to swim will go a long way in developing their motor skills. The kicking of their legs and arms will help strengthen these muscles. As they grow older, swimming helps them become more fit as it is a great exercise for them. Children who started swimming before they could sit up have walked earlier than the others. It goes to show just how well developed their muscles are because of swimming.
Helps with the Social Skills
Since the classes happen in a group, it is a great platform for the kids to make friends. Children will learn about socialization and interacting with each other in the pool. Some of the things they learn in the pool include rough play and acceptable behavior. In learning about this, they know what personal space is and why it is respected at all times. Since they will meet with other
|
32 | 4 | 3 |
. Sonuçta, VERSHI küçük saydam. Giysilere düşebilir ve farkedilemez. Sekimli kılları incelemek de önemlidir. Gökler genellikle köklerde birikir. Sıkı bir şekilde iplikçikleri tutarak, ayrılması zor olan şeffaf küçük boncuklara benziyorlar.
Saç kesimi nalyo
El başı - Hızlı, radikal yöntem. Böylece günde parazitlerden kurtulabilirsiniz. Artık lisin etrafında hareket edemeyecekler ve yumurta bırakmayacaklar. Sonuçta, eklenmeyecek. Bitler sadece kafadan öldürülecek.
Bir işleme - yeterince saç kesimi. Asıl şey, mermerli saçları dikkatlice toplamak, elden çıkarmaktır. Böcek öldürücü aletleri durulayın, böylece hayatta kalan parazitler ve GDID'ler olmayacak şekilde kullanılır. Ayrıca, enfekte olmuş bir kişinin kıyafetlerini iyice tüketmeye değer. Daha iyi - birkaç saat için soğukta dayanmak için.
Halk ilaçları
Paraziter zararlılara karşı farklı tarifler, bulgular ve terbiye olarak bilinir. Derste - birçok inşaat malzemesi: otlar, sirke, gazyağı, sarımsak. Bu yöntemi daha ayrıntılı olarak okuyabilirsiniz, bir genel bakış makalesi hazırladık - Lice ve Gnid'den Halk Çözümleri. Tanınmış halkın yöntemlerinin her birini kısaca göz önünde bulundurun.
Gazyağı
Pedikülozdan aktif araç. Ancak toksik. Kafa derisinin kimyasal yanmasına neden olabilir, saç dökülmesini kışkırtır, dermatit veya döküntülere alerjiktir. Eğer kullanılırsa, daha sonra özellikle talimatlara göre kesinlikle aydınlatma veya teknik kerosen aydınlatır.
Sirke
Bitten% 9 sirke konsantresi cildin yanıklarına izin vermeyecektir, saç rengini değiştirmez. Ancak, sadece bir durulama olarak faydalıdır, çünkü bitleri öldüremez. Etkisi elde etmek için, Kerosen ile birleştirilmesi önerilir. Sirke, saç tabanına bağlı olan GDID'yi çözer. Kerosene - boğulma, ölüme neden olmak.
Dikkat! Halk ilaçları genellikle eczanenin aksine daha az etkilidir. Uzun zamandır ve uzun süre zarfları yok etmemek için uzun süre kullanın. Bir paket veya kafasına bir havlu ile uzun süre yürümek uygun değildir. Özellikle, sirke, kerosen ve diğer kerosen içeren araçlar dikkatli kullanılmalıdır. Bu yüzden konsantre bir sirke çözeltisi güçlü yanıkları kışkırtı. Kerosen, iplikçilerle kötü bir şekilde yıkanır, yapışkan kirli görünüme neden olur ve kötü taramaya neden olur. Yöntemler - Agresif. Çocuklara uymuyor. Çocuğun sürekli başkanlık ve boyun ve kırmızı lekeler ve hatta yanıkları hala görünmesi yeterli değildir.
Otlar ve uçucu yağlar
Bazı yağların kokusu, otlar zararlıları tolere etmiyor. Bu zenginlik, nane, römorkta, tezahürin köküdür. Bunlardan mezunlar, infüzyonlar. Kafa derisine ovuldu. Lavanta yağı, çay ağacı veya rendelenmiş sarımsak yağı da geçerlidir. Esansiyel yağlar genellikle saça birkaç damla uygulayarak profilaksi için kullanılır. Yöntem, yayınlanmamış aile üyeleri için daha uygundur.
Peroksit
% 3'ün bileşimi GDID'deki yapıştırıcıyı yok eder. Tarak yaparken, kafadan parçalanmaya başlarlar. Peroksit agresif bir madde olarak kabul edilir. Genellikle, kullanımdan sonra saç kırılgan hale gelir, kuru. İyileşme gerektirir. Araç genellikle çocuklara kullanılır, ancak su ile seyreltilmiş (1x3). Aksi takdirde, sinir partisi yanıklarına kadar tahriş görünecektir. Peroksit ilk kez kullanılıyorsa, mutlaka alerjik bir reaksiyon için kontrol edilir. 15 dakikaya dayanabilmek için, dirseğin bükülmesinde birkaç damla bırakmak yeterlidir.
Mağazalarda, hidrojen peroksitine dayanan boyalar vardır. Onları kullanabilir, saçı boyayabilirsiniz. İyice tarak harcamak için yanında
Tozlu, Degtyar ve Ekonomik Sabun
Lice için tozlu sabun - zehir. Hızlı bir şekilde öldürür, itti. Yemek tarifi:
- Saçını meşe;
- Sabunla suitoriate, köpük;
- Kafayı plastik bir torbayla alın;
- 45 dakika tutun;
- yıkayıp temizlemek.
Önemli! Toz bir kişi için tehlikelidir. Teneffüs, buharlar baş dönmesine, bulantı, baş ağrısına neden olur. Uygulanırsa, daha sonra maksimum doğruluk ile.
Degtyar sabunu alkali, huş tarağı içerir. Maddeler, bitleri hayatta kalmak için şans bırakmaz. İltihabı kaldırın.
Bu tür bir sabun, enstrümanların antiseptik işlenmesini gerçekleştirmek için ellerinizi yıkamak için yararlıdır.
Ekonomik sabun - koruyucu yöntem. Kendi başına, bitlerin geri çekilmesine yardımcı olmaz. Aynı zamanda saçları kurur ve şaşırttı. Tararken karmaşıklığa neden olur. Kullanılırsa, prosedürden sonra, saç zeytinyağıyla yağlamaktır. Sonra zaten tarak yap.
Sular ve Tentürler
Sorunu tamamen ortadan kaldırmak için, mücadeleyi sadece yetişkinlerde değil, larvaların ortadan kaldırılmasından, Sıra dışı sır nedeniyle saça bağlanmıştır. İnfüzyonlar, Kodlamalar, Bitki Meyve Suyu:
- NCID ve Yumurtaları'nın dayanıklı kabuğunu çözün;
- onları bir germinal durumunda bastırın;
- Paskalla tarama.
Yemek yapması ve evde kullanımı kolay tarifler:
- Limon suyu. 1/2 limon dilimler halinde kesildi. Su dökün (1L). Yavaş ateşe 15 dakika kaynatın. Bir kaynatma hazırlayın. Plastik bir şapka ile kaplamaya başlayın. 1 saat koy. Yumurta kabuğunu yumuşatmak için zaman yeterli. Ardından bileşimi yıkayın. Saçı şampuanla yıkayın.
- Cranberry Suyu yumurtalardaki embriyoları yok eder, kabuğu kırar. Efekti geliştirmek için, meyve suyu doğal arı balıyla karıştırılır. Günlük, 10-15 gün kullanın. Her ne kadar yetişkin bireyler için kompozisyon muhtemelen işe yaramaz olsa da.
- Sarımsak suyu. Koku, bitler ve insanlar için kabul edilemez. Sonuçta, cilde, saça emer. Arka arkaya birkaç hafta boyunca tutulabilir. Ayrıca sorunu tamamen çözmez. Ama deneyebilirsiniz: Cashitz'de sarımsak kırma. Kayma telleri, şapkanın altında 1-2 saat dayanın.
- Nar suyu ve nane, canlı böcekleri / gdidleri bastırmak için mükemmel bir araçtır. Ek olarak saçları yumuşatır, kepekleri ortadan kaldırır. Bir tarif için: bir tutam taze nane ile karıştırılmış bir el bombasından sıkılmış meyve suyu. Ben kaynatın. Odaklanma. Saça gece için sıcak bir şekilde uygulanır. Polietilen kapağın altında 8 saat boyunca tutulur. Alternatifin kalitesinde, sebzelerin kaynatılmasını, nane infüzyonunu ve taze sıkılmış nar suyunu hazırlayabilirsiniz.
- Dokuzun kökünden dekorasyon. Bitmiş halde bir eczanede satış ya bağımsız olarak hazırlanmıştır. Kök dik kaynar su dökün. 1 saat bitirin. Güzel. Gerginlik. Saç durulama kullanın.
- İğnelerin et suyu. İğneli genç dallar 2 saat kaynar, zorlanma. Başka bir, daha agresif bir araç veya ekonomik sabunla işlemden sonra saçı durulama.
- Zenginlikten infüzyon. Çimleri domuz yağıyla karıştırın. Saça uygulayın. 2-3 saat kurun.
- Hezaren çiçeği. Çimen (10 g) kaynar su demlendi. 2-3 saat susuz. Kafa derisine ve saça sürün, 3 saat boyunca bırakın.
Makyaj malzemeleri
Özel hazırlıklar: Losyonlar, spreyler, şampuanlar eczanelerde satılmaktadır. En iyi:
- Krem nix;
- Pedilin;
- Püskürtme fullmalarını;
- Şampuan medifox;
- alkol spreyi pedikür ultra;
- Şampuan çiftleri.
Saçlara zarar vermezler. Etkili ve hızlı davranın. Genellikle kozmetik:
- Gibi kokuyor;
- hızlı ve rahat bir şekilde uygulanır;
- Çocuklar için kullanılabilir (eğer bileşim charled ise);
- Kafayı yıkamadan önce uygulayın, sonra yıkanır.
Ana şey talimatlara göre uygulamaktır.
Binaların ve kişisel hijyen maddelerinin dezenfeksiyonu
Zorunlu prosedür. Saç işleme işleminden hemen sonra yapılır.
Nicky ve Vershi hastanın kişisel eşyalarına düşebilir. Bir daha kafa derisinin kapağına önemli değil:
- Bir pediculitif çözeltisindeki kişisel hijyen nesnelerini ıslatın;
- dona koymak;
- inme
- İşler yıkanmazsa, buharlı temizleyici ile işlenir.
Büyük eşyalar (yastıklar, şilteler, battaniye, döşemeli mobilya) ayrıca işleme gerektirir. Örneğin, kimyasallar, buhar jeneratörü.
Üst giysiler yoğun bir polietilen pakete sarılabilir, kapalı bir formda 2-4 hafta dayanabilir. Donanma var ve yetişkin bireyler yavrular vermeyecek. Simpar açlıktan ölecek.
Dairelerin dezenfeksiyonu için, bit bitlere karşı çözümler kullanılır. İddiaya göre enfekte olan tüm alanlarla yıkanırlar. Giysilerde tek bir paraziter birey olmadığına dair hiçbir güven yoksa, profesyonel bir disitasyon yapmak için özel bir hizmet aramak daha iyidir.
Sıkça Sorulan Sorular:
Pediküloz ile enfekte olduğu en fazla risk nerede?
Cevap: Dezavantajlı ailelerde, antisanitör koşullar, çok sayıda insanın birikimi ve ortak kullanım yerleri (banyolar, saunalar, havuzlar). Çocuklar genellikle enfeksiyonla derecelendirilir, çünkü bahçede, okulda, sokakta, akranlarla yakından iletişime geçti. Bu arada. Hastalığı bir çocukta zamanında ortaya
|
32 | 5 | 0 |
球俱乐部的官方队服赞助商，23年后重聚，并在达成7.5亿英镑的合同金额挤下竞争对手耐克，这在当时创下了球衣赞助合同金额的纪录。
曼联和阿迪达斯在一份官方声明中表示：“自2018年重新引入阿迪达斯的合作以来，新合同中增加了对曼联女足球队的关注”。
曼联在主教练埃里克·滕哈格的带领下，本赛季重返名利双收的欧洲冠军联赛，尽管曼联的美国老板格雷泽家族仍在考虑出售曼联足球俱乐部。
格雷泽家族在去年年底启动了正式的出售程序，卡塔尔谢赫·贾西姆·本·哈马德·阿勒萨尼和英国亿万富翁吉姆·拉特克利夫是潜在的买家之一。
曼联和阿迪达斯的新合同将使双方的合作关系持续到2035年6月。根据运动服装品牌巨头阿迪达斯最新的年度报告显示，和阿迪达斯的原始合同将年度付款的一部分和曼联足球俱乐部能否参加欧洲冠军联赛的资格和成绩联系起来。根据该协议，曼联足球俱乐部连续两个或两个以上赛季没能参加欧洲冠军联赛的话，其年度付款将减少适当金额的30%。
曼联没有立即就新合同的明细条款对外发表评论，阿迪达斯拒绝置评。阿迪达斯首席执行官比约恩·古尔登说：“我们将把传统和创新结合起来，以此让球员和球迷开心和喜欢”。 (Disclosure of the First Part of the Sixth Report of IPCC)
On August 9, 2021, IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report(AR6)’s first part ‘Climate Change 2021’ raised alarming warnings about natural disasters due to rising global temperature. According to the report, the earth’s average temperature is rising faster than earlier estimated. According to the estimates of scientists, the average temperature of the earth was estimated to rise by 1.5 degree Celsius by 2050 from the Pre-Industrial Revolution period. According to the report, in the next 20 years by 2040, the average temperature of the earth will cross the 1.5 degree Celsius threshold set by the Paris Climate Agreement (2015).
This threshold is shockingly going to be met 10 years sooner than what was earlier estimated to cross by the end of this century. The increase in the average temperature of the earth, oceans, and atmosphere is due to human activities. The report also states an increase in sea level by up to 2 meters by the end of this century, which cannot be ignored. Scientists preparing the report also warned that the Arctic is likely to be ‘practically sea ice-free’ in September at least once before 2050.
The report also states that each and every decade in the last four decades has been hotter than the previous ones. As seen from data, after 1970 the temperature began to rise sharply. Looking to the future, predictions are that summers will be longer and winters will be shorter in the coming decades. Extreme temperatures are expected in multiple geographical locations where temperatures could rise several degrees above the average. The frequency of heat waves incidents will increase rapidly.
Prolonged summers will inevitably impact the rain patterns and an increase in the incidents of heatwaves will adversely affect the agricultural sector. Heavy rains in some places will lead to floods and droughts in some places due to low rainfall. Rising temperatures will cause polar ice caps and glaciers to melt, rising sea levels, which could be a major problem for the coastal villages, cities, and islands. Rising ocean water temperature will further increase the probability of marine disasters, such as cyclones (hurricanes) and tsunamis.
In the report, the scientists made it clear that the rise in the earth’s average temperature is due to human activities whereas the earlier reports suggested the possibility of human activities. While human activity is playing an important role in the increasing average temperature of the earth, the real reason for it is the economic development model. Most countries in the world have indiscriminately depleted natural resources in the blind race for economic growth. According to a special report of the IPCC titled ‘Climate Change and Land’ released in 2019, human activities have changed 70 percent of the earth’s (ice-free) area.
The oceans are also being severely damaged by human activities. According to a study by Harvey, two-thirds of the ocean area is under extreme pressure from human activities. The amount of acidic matter and pollutants in the oceans are increasing which is causing various diseases to marine life, hence they are becoming extinct in large numbers. In the last week of June 2021, more than a billion marine animals died due to the heatwave in the western United States and Canada. Rising ocean temperature is increasing the number of natural disasters like cyclones and tsunamis and the magnitude of their effects.
According to a study by Singapore’s Nanyang Technological University, a 0.5 meter rise in sea level could increase the risk of tsunamis by 2.4 times and by one meter 4.7 times. According to a study by Daniel Levitt and Nico Camnada, a one-degree rise in sea water temperature would increase the wind speed in a hurricane by 5 per cent and a high-speed hurricane would wreak havoc.
Some prominent hurricanes we have seen recently are Harvey, Florence, Maria, Irma amongst others. The report also highlighted that the sea level could rise by 2 meters by the end of this century. If the sea level rises so much, many islands in the Pacific Ocean and cities along the coastal areas will suffer a lot.
The report makes it clear that by the end of the century, limiting the rise in temperature to 1.5 degree Celsius (the safe limit set by the Paris Climate Agreement) is becoming out of reach. Due to the rapid emission of greenhouse gases in the last century, the average temperature of the earth has risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius since the Pre-Industrial Revolution period and we are only 0.4 degrees Celsius away from crossing the 1.5 degree Celsius limit. Every part of a degree of temperature rise is very important. With every one-degree rise in temperature, there will be a 7 percent increase in the intensification of extreme rain events.
A special IPCC report released in October 2018 indicated that a mere half-degree Celsius rise in temperature could raise sea levels by up to 8 feet, causing damage to the human population of 3 to 8 million. At the same time, 410 million urban population will suffer from water scarcity, and 18 percent of insects, 16 percent flora, and 8 percent four-legged animals will disappear from the face of the earth forever.
With the increase in the average temperature of the earth, the frequency of heatwaves is increasing rapidly. A one degree Celsius increase in temperature is likely to increase the heat waves 5 times and a 2 degree Celsius increase is expected to increase the frequency of heatwaves 14 times. Rising temperature is not only increasing the recurring incidents of heat waves but is also increasing the frequency of other natural disasters such as droughts and wildfires. Lytton, a small town in Canada, was devastated by wildfires after a heatwave. A similar phenomenon recently occurred in Galatsona village on Evia island in Greece and the Northern California Dixie fire, to recall a few.
Climate change coupled with rising temperature is increasing the incidence of droughts. According to a 2020 report by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water, 68 percent of India’s areas are facing drought-like conditions. California in the western United States is currently suffering from drought where drought used to occur once in a decade but now it has increased by 70 percent.
The incidence of floods is also increasing with climate change. In July 2021, Western Europe experienced the worst floods for the first time in the last many decades western, hundreds of people were killed in Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, and the Netherlands caused by heavy rains. In China, flash floods in Henan province in July 2021 killed at least 300 people and affected more than 1.3 million people. All over the world, the incidence of heavy rains has increased by an average of 30 percent.
In fact, droughts and extreme heatwaves have an increased frequency and the duration of forest fires. Due to the long dry weather, the severity of wildfires is on the rise. According to CalFire, six out of the top 10 largest wildfires in California have occurred in 2020 or 2021, which reflects the severity of the situation.
The report has indicated that India will also continue to be prone to natural disasters resulting from rising sea levels and rising temperatures. These disasters will affect people living in its coastal areas. With the rise in seawater temperature, the number of cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and as well in the Arabian Sea and their impact will increase.
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has said that the report raises serious concerns. We have very little time left to save the earth and its people from the damage caused by natural disasters. According to the Paris Climate Agreement, greenhouse gas emissions have to drastically be reduced to meet the target of 1.5 degree Celsius rise in global average temperature from the Pre-Industrial Revolution period to the end of the 21st century. The use of diesel, petrol, and coal must be reduced. Alas! Instead of declining, their use is growing at a rate of 2 percent per annum.
China, the United States, and India, which are currently emitting more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere than any other country in the world, should shut down their coal-fired thermal plants as soon as possible. Coal-fired plants are still being set up in China and India. China and the United States must quickly switch to renewable energy sources for economic growth. These countries should cut their carbon emissions as fast as European countries have done.
Although India has a very small share of global greenhouse gas emissions (2.65 Gigatonne) compared to China (10.06 Gigatonne) and the United States (5.4 Gigatonne), this does not mean that India does not require any action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. According to the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water, 75 percent of the districts in India are suffering from one or the other kind of natural disaster. The steps to be taken to deal with climate change are in the interest of our country and its people.
The IPCC report comes just six months before the 26th session of the United Nation led Conference of the Parties. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the leaders of all world leaders to come up with a solid plan for the reduction of greenhouse gases. So far, 90 countries have submitted their plans to the United Nations to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but that would reduce emissions by only 2.3 billion tonnes by 2030.
The need of the hour is ten times more reduction in greenhouse gases otherwise our planet will warm by more than 1.5 degrees Celsius. Therefore, China, the United States, and India should play their role in cutting down their greenhouse gas emissions as these three countries emit 50 percent of the total emissions into the atmosphere. All the nations of the world must unite and take firm and concrete steps. These steps include changing the current economic development model and people’s way of life, as well as ensuring clean technology and financial assistance to the developing and least developed countries by the developed countries.
About the Author :
Dr. Gurinder Kaur is Visiting professor at IMPRI and a Former Professor of, Department of Geography, Punjabi University, Patiala. The Propagation of Pomegranates
By Ashley Braun
In my paper I’m going to explain to you what a pomegranate is and its care. I will also go in depth on the different methods of propagating pomegranates. Pomegranates are not widely grown in the United States mostly because of unfavorable climate, but also because the demand for pomegranates is not very high in the United States. This lack of interest created a small problem with finding strong research information about the pomegranates propagation. There are several different propagation methods used to grow pomegranates. Much work needs to be done to increase production and information about the pomegranate, but the field and interest in the rare fruit is growing and has the potential to double within the next ten years.
The pomegranate is native to the Middle East and South Asia. It has wandered over the centuries to China, India, the Mediterranean, California, and Florida. The pomegranate is one of the first five cultivated foods in the world. There are some trees in Europe that are known to be over 200 years old. Throughout the centuries it has been used widely in literature and art and was often seen as a sign of fertility or wealth. The pomegranate is very high in potassium, vitamin C, and antioxidants.
The pomegranate plant comes in either a tree or a shrub. It is usually grown for its large fruit, but there are some dwarf cultivars used primarily for landscaping or bonsai trees. The foliage is long, thin, and glossy in appearance. It produces small flowers usually one inch in diameter. The flowers come in a wide variety of colors, but the most common are orange and red. The fruit produced is usually two to five inches in diameter with a hard rind. The rind comes in many different colors from green, yellow, orange, and red. Inside the fruit are locules separated by a thin, bitter membrane. Within the locules are many small jewel-like objects called arils. The arils contain tart to sweet flavored juice and a small seed. The juice ranges in color from clear to a deep staining red.
The pomegranate is capable of growing in a wide range of soils as long as it has good drainage. It likes to be placed in an area with a lot of sunlight. You should plant the tree or shrub in early spring with rows 15 to 18 feet apart, but make sure to protect it from any late frosts that come along. Every spring you may also add a couple inches of mulch around the base of the tree or shrub. The pomegranate is tolerant of drought, but only cold hardy till 12 degrees Fahrenheit. It prefers very warm temperatures, which improve the flavor of the fruit. For mass fruit production sprinkler irrigation is preferred, but should not be utilized close to harvest time because it causes fruit cracking. The pomegranate is self-pollinating, or it can be cross-pollinated by insects. Cross-pollination also increases fruit set and quality. The plant requires very little fertilizer, around 5-8 ounces of nitrogen a year. Minor pruning is needed, but necessary to decrease disease and increase fruit size. You must also remember to remove the suckers from the base of the plant.
The fruit takes five to seven months to mature after it blossoms. The fruits are usually harvested September to December. Almost all harvesting is done by hand. After being picked they should be kept at optimal conditions of 32 to 41 degrees Fahrenheit and 80 to 85% relative humidity. Pomegranates can be kept that long for up to seven months. The long storage improves the flavor of the fruit.
An easy method of propagation is to do it by seed. The seeds of the pomegranate germinate very quickly, even if sprinkled on the top of the soil. They usually have little problem with dormancy since the tree is native to warm climates. Seeds are also more economical than other methods of propagation. The biggest problem with seed propagation is that they are not true to
|
32 | 5 | 1 |
. "Every child, every
school, every year."
As many as 700 school districts across the country have instituted programs
that aim to nourish students' souls as well as their minds. And while the best
teachers have long taught kids to behave and play fair, they now have science
on their side. In 1995 psychologist and New York Times science writer Daniel
Goleman published Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More Than IQ,
which contends that children's ability to recognize their own emotions,
empathize with peers and deal with crises--their "emotional quotient," or
EQ--influences their life chances as much as native intelligence. The book,
now a paperback best seller, has had a catalytic effect. Rutgers psychologist
Maurice Elias, a pioneer in emotional education, says he fields endless calls,
E-mails and faxes from interested educators. "There is credibility now given
to taking time in the school day to carry out this kind of work," he says.
For many teachers, this new focus is welcome. The forces driving students to
distraction have never been stronger. Says Goleman: "If you are a kid who
wants to avoid depression or violence and not drop out, academic topics will
have nothing to do with it." Marylu Simon, school superintendent in Highland
Park, N.J., says many children arrive at school "simply angry from some situa-
tion that has happened at home. It affects their ability to come into the
school, sit down at their desk and be ready to learn."
So Highland Park sixth-graders are taught to act as cool-headed "peer
mediators" who swoop in to resolve tussles among their peers. At Hazel Valley
Elementary School, outside Seattle, misbehaving students go to principal Bar-
bara Walton's office not for a scolding but for a questionnaire that asks them
to identify the classroom problems they caused and to generate solutions.
"It's nice to have discipline that's problem solving and not just punishment,"
Some parents bristle at such squishy, New Agey techniques. At its worst, they
say, emotional learning verges on therapy sessions for third-graders. "I don't
want my children talking about my family's problems in the classroom," a
Highland Park father said at a school meeting. But EQ gurus such as Professor
Roger Weissberg of the University of Illinois in Chicago say students in the
best programs have shown not just "more positive attitudes about ways to get
along with people" but also improvements in critical-thinking skills. And in
New Haven, teenagers say they're witnessing less violence, toting fewer guns
and having sex later. Admittedly, better behavior does not ensure academic
achievement. But American schools will take good news where they can find it.
-- End --
InfoTrac Web: Expanded Academic ASAP Int'l
Full content for this article includes illustration and photograph.
Source: Time, Sept 29, 1997 v150 n13 p62(1).
Title: Teaching feelings 101. (teaching emotional intelligence)
Author: Romesh Ratnesar
Full Text COPYRIGHT 1997 Time Inc. All rights reserved.
The education quote is often attributed to Haim Ginott. From my research though it appears Ginott was not the author of it, he just had it in one of his books. Windows Live Essentials olarak da bilinen Windows Essentials, Microsoft tarafından geliştirilen yararlı Windows programlarından oluşan bir paket olarak kullanılmıştır. Suite ücretsiz ve e-posta yönetimi, anlık mesajlaşma, fotoğraf yönetimi ve paylaşımı, bloglama ve ebeveyn kontrolleri için uygulamalar içeriyordu. Her ne kadar Windows Essentials yıllar içinde bir çok evrimleşmiş olsa da, sonunda dinozorlarla aynı talihsiz kaderi yaşadılar: tükenmişlerdi. Başka bir deyişle, Microsoft, eski olduklarına karar verdiler ve bunları sürdürmenin bir anlamı yok. Artık Windows Essentials'ı Microsoft'tan indiremiyor olsanız da, yine de internetteki diğer yerlerde bulunabilir ve isterseniz bunları hala kullanabilirsiniz. Windows Essentials'ı, bunların nasıl yükleneceğini ve Windows Essentials uygulamalarının nasıl başlatılacağını burada bulabilirsiniz:
Windows Essentials nedir?
Windows Essentials, Microsoft tarafından Windows kullanıcılarına sunulan ücretsiz bir araç paketidir. Microsoft tarafından geliştirilen en son sürüme Windows Essentials 2012 adı verildi ve 7 Ağustos 2012'de piyasaya sürüldü. Aşağıdaki uygulamaları içerir: Microsoft OneDrive, Mail, Writer, Messenger, Fotoğraf Galerisi ve Movie Maker ve Outlook Bağlayıcısı Paketi .
Windows Essentials, maalesef 10 Ocak 2017 tarihinde Microsoft tarafından emekli edildi. Bu, Microsoft'un paketin içinde yer alan uygulamalara yönelik herhangi bir destek sağlamayı ve destek sağlamayı bıraktığı anlamına geliyor. Ayrıca, bu yazılım paketini artık Microsoft'un web sitelerinden indiremeyeceğiniz anlamına da gelir. Ancak, daha sonra bu makalede göreceğiniz gibi, hala Windows Essentials'ı web'de bulabileceğiniz yerler vardır.
Windows Essentials'ta çalışmayı durduran şeyler
Messenger aşamalı olarak kaldırıldı, dolayısıyla Messenger'ı kurmamalısınız Artık kullanamayacağın gibi. Bunun yerine, Microsoft'un yeni özellikler eklemeye ve eskisinden daha iyi hale getirmeye çalıştığı için Skype'ı kullanmayı düşünün.
Windows 7 kullanıyorsanız, OneDrive yüklenebilir. Ancak, Microsoft'un sağladığı en son sürümü kullanmayı düşünmelisiniz. Windows 10 ve Windows 8.1'de OneDrive zaten işletim sistemine yerleşiktir ve aldığınız sürümü kullanmalısınız.
Windows Live Mail - Windows Essentials'da bulunan basit bir e-posta istemcisi - kutudan Outlook.com hesabıyla kullanılamaz. Çalışması için hesabınızı IMAP veya POP3 protokollerini kullanarak yapılandırmanız gerekir.
Windows Live Writer, makaleleri yazmak ve bunları doğrudan masaüstünüzden, Wordpress, Blogger veya TypePad gibi blog platformlarında yayınlamak için kullanılabilecek bir araç, artık Blogger ile çalışmaz . Ancak Microsoft, Windows Live Writer için kaynak kodunu yayınladı ve şu anda Open Live Writer adı altında özel bir topluluk tarafından sürdürülüyor. Resmi web sitesini buradan bulabilirsiniz: openlivewriter.org. Writer'i kullanmak isterseniz, orijinal Windows Essentials'da bulunan yerine yeni sürümü kullanmanızı öneririz.
Windows Essential s içinde bulunan diğer uygulamalara gelince, bunların çoğunu burada bulabileceğiniz epeyce eğitici ve kılavuz yayınladık: Photo Gallery, OneDrive ve Movie Maker.
Windows Essentials'ı çalıştırmak için sistem gereksinimleri nelerdir?
Windows Essentials'ı indirmeden ve kurmadan önce, bilgisayarınızın minimum gereksinimleri karşıladığından emin olmalısınız: Windows 10, Windows 7, Windows 8.1 veya Windows Server 2008 R2 yüklü, en az 1, 6 GHz işlemci, 1 GB RAM veya daha fazla, bir ekran 1024x576 piksel minimum çözünürlük. Movie Maker'ı kullanmak için, DirectX 10 veya daha yüksek ve Shader Model 2 veya daha üstü özelliklerini destekleyen bir ekran kartınız da olmalıdır. Windows, tüm görsel özellikleri etkinken bilgisayarınızda iyi çalışırsa, Windows Essentials paketinde bulunan uygulamaları çalıştırırken sorun yaşamanız gerekir.
Windows Essentials'ın nereden indirileceği ve nasıl yükleneceği
Kurulum dosyasını indirmek için internette arama yapmalı ve almak için güvenli bir yer bulmalısınız. Kontrol ettiğimiz tek iyi yer WinAero. Tüm bağlantılar geçerlidir ve Kaspersky ile yaptığımız taramalar onaylandığında tüm dosyalar güvenlidir.
Yükleyici dosyasını indirdikten sonra, çalıştırmak için çift tıklayın veya üzerine çift tıklayın. Ardından, tüm Windows Essentials araçlarını yüklemeyi veya ihtiyaçlarınıza göre belirli bir alt grubu seçmeyi seçebilirsiniz.
Windows Essentials paketinin, aşamalı olarak başlatılan bir uygulama olan Windows Live Messenger'ı içerdiği düşünüldüğünde, her zaman ikinci seçeneği kullanmanız gerekir: "Yüklemek istediğiniz programları seçin."
Tüm mevcut programlar ile bir liste göreceksiniz. Bir programı kurmak istiyorsanız, ismin yakınındaki kutuyu işaretleyin. Fotoğraf Galerisi ve Movie Maker'ın birlikte paketlendiğine dikkat edin. Bunları ayrı ayrı kuramazsınız. Yüklemek istediğiniz uygulamaları seçtikten sonra Yükle düğmesine basın.
Ardından, bir ilerleme penceresi görüntülenir. Çok sayıda program yüklemeyi seçtiyseniz yükleme işlemi daha uzun sürebilir. Bittiğinde, Kapat'a dokunun veya dokunun. Windows Essentials'da bulunan uygulamaları hemen kullanmaya başlayabilirsiniz, bilgisayar yeniden başlatmaya gerek yoktur.
Windows Live Messenger'ı yüklemeyi seçtiyseniz, bu program Microsoft tarafından devre dışı bırakılmış olsa bile, sizden oturum açabilmeniz için Microsoft hesap bilgilerinizi girmeniz istenecektir.
Maalesef, Microsoft Messenger için anlık ileti iletişimlerini sürdüren tüm sunucuları kapattığı için hesabınıza bağlanamayacaksınız. Tek yapabileceğiniz uygulamayı kapatmak.
Şimdi, yüklediğiniz diğer uygulamaları kullanmaya başlayabilirsiniz.
Windows Essentials programları nasıl başlatılır
Windows Essentials paketinde yer alan programların kısayolları, doğrudan Başlat Menüsü, Windows 10 ve Windows 7'de veya Windows 8.1'den Apps görünümünde görüntülenir. Onlar için özel bir klasör yok.
Örnek olarak Fotoğraf Galerisi'ni kullanarak bir programın nasıl başlatılacağını görelim.
Bu uygulamayı Windows 10'da açmanın en hızlı yolu Cortana tarafından sunulan arama fonksiyonunu kullanmaktır. Görev çubuğundaki arama alanına kelime fotoğrafını yazın ve ardından Fotoğraf Galerisi'ne tıklayın veya üzerine dokunun.
Windows 7'de Fotoğraf Galerisi'ni açmanın en hızlı ve kolay yolu, Başlat Menüsü arama kutusuna sözcük fotoğrafı yazmak ve ardından Fotoğraf Galerisi kısayolunu tıklamaktır.
Windows 8.1'de, Başlangıç ekranına fotoğraf yazın ve uygun sonuç, arama sonuçları listesinde görüntülenir.
Aynı işlem bu paketin herhangi bir uygulamasını başlatmak için kullanılabilir. Ayrıca, bunları sıklıkla kullanmak isterseniz, bunları Başlat Menüsü'ne (Windows 10 ve Windows 7'de) veya Başlangıç ekranına (Windows 8.1'de) sabitlemek iyi bir fikirdir.
Sonuç
Artık Windows Essentials paketi ve talihsiz kaderi hakkında daha çok şey biliyorsunuz. Bu soyu tükenmiş, ama parçaları hala kullanılabilir. Demokrasiye benzediğini söyleyebiliriz :). Yine de kullanmaya karar verirseniz, web sitemize göz atmaktan ve bu programlarda size rehberlik edecek faydalı eğiticiler bulmaktan çekinmeyin. Bu süitle ilgili herhangi bir sorunuz veya sorununuz varsa, aşağıdaki yorum formunu kullanmaktan çekinmeyin. Küçük Çocuktan Büyük Ders
Bir dükkan sahibi dükkanın vitrinine üzerinde satılık yavru köpekler yazan bir tabela asarken yanında küçük bir erkek çocuğu belirdi. ” köpek yavrularını kaça satıyorsunuz?” diye s
|
32 | 5 | 2 |
کرده باشید.
گفتیم که BNB رمز ارز صرافی بایننس است. اما از آگوست 2021 صرافی بایننس اعلام کرد تمامی کاربران برای استفاده از امکانات این صرافی باید مراحل احراز هویت و ارائه مدارک شناسایی را طی کنند. با توجه به مسئله تحریمها در ایران کاربران ایران امکان احراز هویت در این صرافی را ندارند.
رمز ارز بایننس را میتوانید به واسطه اکثر صرافیهای ارز دیجیتال معامله کنید. برای اینکه بدانید کدام صرافیها امکان معامله با رمز ارز مورد نظر شما را دارند میتوانید به سایت صرافی مورد نظرتان مراجعه کنید و نام آن رمز ارز را در لیست رمزهای قابل معامله در صرافی جستجو کنید.
راه دوم این است که coin market cap Binance را در مرورگر خود سرچ کرده و وارد تب سکه بایننس (BNB) Markets شوید. در این صفحه صرافیهایی که بایننس را به تازگی معامله کردهاند، لیست شدهاند.
کاربران ایرانی میتوانند برای خرید بایننس از صرافی های ارز دیجیتال خارجی به سایت صرافیهای کوکوین، اسندکس، چنجلی، بایبیت، وایتبیت، کوینکس وپروبیت مراجعه کنند.
مناسبترین کیف پولها برای نگهداری بایننس کوین
لجر (Ledger) را میتوان به عنوان ایمنترین کیف پول برای نگهداری بایننس معرفی کرد. کیف پولهای سخت افزاریLedger Nano X و Ledger Nano S امنیت بالایی دارند. والتهای مناسب دیگر برای نگهداری BNB :
آیا بایننس کوین گزینه مناسبی برای سرمایهگذاری است؟
طبق تخمین سایت price prediction پیشبینی میشود قیمت بایننس در سال جاری (2022) به حداقل 564.97$ ، حداکثر631.96$ و میانگین 564.97$ برسد. این سایت میانگین قیمت در سال 2023 را 805.13$ و در پنج سال آینده یعنی سال 2027، حداقل3,452.73$ ، حداکثر4,154.05 $ و میانگین3,553.45 $ پیشبینی کرده است.
جدول معرفی اختصاری بایننس کوین
|نماد||BNB|
|ارزش بازار||73 میلیارد دلار|
|سازنده||چانگ پنگ ژائو|
|سال انتشار||2017|
|عرضه در گردش||165,116,760.89|
|رتبه||4|
|بلاکچین||بایننس|
|وایت پیپر||Binance Whitepaper|
|آدرس سایت||www.binance.com|
سئوالات متداول
رمز ارز صرافی بایننس که رتبه چهارم در بین ارزهای دیجیتال را به خود اختصاص داده و روی بلاک چین بایننس فعالیت میکند.
یک بلاکچین موازی با بلاکچین بایننس که از قراردادهای هوشمند پشتیبانی میکند. این بلاکچین سرغت بیشتر و کارمزد کمتری نسبت به اتریوم دارد. Kırgızistan'da, giderleri devlet tarafından karşılanan yaklaşık 1,5 milyon dolarlık bütçeyle çekilen ve Kırgız sinema tarihinin en pahalı filmi unvanına sahip olan "Kurmancan Datka" filmi, Çin’de yapılacak olan Büyük İpek Yolu ülkelerinin 1. Uluslararası Film Festivali’nde gösterilecek.
Çin’in Xi’an şehrinde 20-24 Ekim 2014 gerçekleşecek festivalin amacı, Büyük İpek Yolu boyunca yer alan ülkeler arasında işbirliği ve kültürel alışveriş yapmak ve film endüstrisinde milletler arası ilişkileri güçlendirmek. Festival 50’den fazla ülkenin sinema yapımcılarını toplayacak.
"Kurmancan Datka" filmi Kırgızistan’da Bağımsızlık Günü vesilesiyle 31 Ağustos’tan itibaren gösterilmeye başladı. Kırgızistan Devlet Televizyon Kanalı Denetleme Kurulu Başkanı Farhat Bekmambetov ile Milliyetçi Ata Curt Partisi milletvekili ve Kurmancan Datka Vakfı Başkanı Jıldız Joldoşeva'nın yapımcılığını üstlendiği filmde, Kırgız halkının yönetim tarihinde "Alay Kraliçesi" olarak anılan ve Türkistan coğrafyasında ilk kadın general unvanına sahip Kurmancan adlı kadının hayatı, ailesi, yönetimde karşılaştığı acılar anlatılıyor. Kırgızlar'ın inancına, geleneksel hayatına, hürriyetine bağlılığının yanı sıra vatanperverliği ve cesareti konularının işlendiği film, 100 yıl önce Fergana Vadisinde meydana gelen olaylara ışık tutuyor.
Fergana Vadisinde 1811-1907 yıllarında yaşayan Kurmancan adlı Kırgız kadının milletinin hürriyeti için küçük oğlu Kamçıbek'in Ruslar tarafından (1895) idam edilmesine razı olduğu rivayet ediliyor. Kırgızistan'ın bütün bölgelerinde Kurmancan Datka'nın heykelleri ve Kırgız parası üzerinde de resmi bulunuyor. این حادثه در 9 اکتبر پس از مناظره تلوزیونی ترامپ با هیلاری کلینتون، دیگر نامزد ریاست جمهوری آمریکا اتفاق افتاد. مشخص نیست، تیفانی از روی عمد و یا سهو، بوسه پدر را کنار زده یا نه!
دختر ترامپ، بوسه پدر را رد کرد (ویدئو)
تیفانی 22 ساله، دختر دونالد ترامپ، نامزد ریاست جمهوری ایالت متحده آمریکا وابسته به حزب جمهوری خواه، زمانیکه پدر می خواست وی را ببوسد، او را کنار زد. The Huffington Post این ویدئو را منتشر نموده است. The subject of light bulbs used to be as dull as 25 watts. A lamp burns out? Replace it with a 60W, 75W, 100W or—if you’re feeling fancy—a 3-way bulb, and life is bright again.
End of adventure
Welcome to a brave new world in which lighting one’s home has come to a convergence of science and art—with options that not only change the ambiance of each room, but actually shave hundreds of dollars off the electric bill each year. Add to that “smart lights” that you can control with a smart speaker or your smartphone, color-changing bulbs with mini remotes, and all things LED.
This requires a bit of untangling, with an understanding of such enlightening modernday terms as lumens, soft vs. daylight, and the fundamental differences between incandescent— the technology developed by Thomas Edison that remained relatively unchanged after more than 100 years—alongside Compact Fluorescent Light Bulbs (CFL), Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Halogen.
First, to throw some shade on a well-established rumor. No, incandescent bulbs are not illegal. The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA), which went into effect in January 2014, did indeed phase out the 25-cent, traditional 60- watt light bulbs that employed tungsten-filament incandescents—they no longer met new energy standards. Today’s versions of standard household bulbs, according to Energy Star, use at least 27 percent less energy with advancements in halogen technology (actually part of the incandescent family).
There’s more to come. Next year, EISA is mandating that light bulbs must be 60–70 percent more efficient than the standard incandescent on the shelf.
And that brings us to the puzzle of today’s CFLs and LEDs, which are dramatically more efficient and offer lifetimes that extend beyond the decade marker. Still, the terms on the box can be seriously perplexing. Let’s try to simplify that journey down the bulb aisle.
First, there are differences in light color. Warm yellow light, similar to old-fashioned incandescent, has a color temperature around 2700K. The K stands for “Kelvin,” a temperature scale that measures light color. Most Energy Star-qualified bulbs are in the 2700K to 3000K range. As you move higher up the scale, bulbs with a 3500K to 4100K rating cast a whiter light, while those measuring 5000K to 6500K give off a bluer-white light.
But there is perhaps nothing more confusing than discerning the difference between Lumens and Watts. So, here goes: The more lumens, the brighter the bulb (the term is derived from “luminous”).
For bulbs used in lamps and ceiling fixtures, known as A-type:
- 800 lumens = 60 watts
- 1,100 lumens = 75 watts
- 1,600 lumens = 100 watts
One of the benefits of the newer bulbs is that they purport to last a great deal longer than incandescent filament light bulbs. Because of high heat levels, the standard filament workhorse typically lasts between 1,500 and 3,000 hours. Second-generation halogen lamps are essentially improved incandescent bulbs. The process of incandescence is still there, but the glass bulbs are filled with halogen gas to counter the detrimental effects of heat and thus improve longevity. So with halogen, the lamp’s lifespan averages between 4,000 and 8,000 hours.
Next in line are Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs), which provide an even longer lifespan and more light for much less electricity. These are the curlyshaped gizmos, and they endure up to 10,000 hours. Then there are today’s standard Light-Emitting Diode bulbs (LED), offering unprecedented durability and a previously unheard-of life span. Energy Efficient Pros offers on its website: “Featuring solid-state lighting technology, LEDs are much closer to computers
|
32 | 5 | 3 |
秒才数到3秒钟，门罗一下子念了这么长一段话。爱尔兰队长罗比-基恩因伤可能错过欧洲杯,这灵活的身体还有这一手擦板技巧，邓肯仿佛看到了年轻时候的自己。。
战术执行成功的一方决不率先改变策略，这是篮球场上的一个不变的真理。球队这次的战术执行力很好，斯科特鼓励队员继续果断的收缩内线，林书豪紧盯邓利维不让他投三分，其他人掐死内线。。
大力心想这家伙防守强硬是强硬，但是和勇士的那个汤普森一样，有态度有意识，但是防守只能算中上。想到汤普森，大力觉得兰姆似乎和汤普森有些像，主要得分手段都是三分，都很准，其他的得分手段都都很一般。美选秀网预测周琦为明年首轮秀,弗雷戴德的三分能力简直叼到没朋友，在杨百翰大学时期，他大三场均22+4+3，带领球队打进ncaa锦标赛32强，大四更是场均28+4+4拿下ncaa得分王，带领球队打进ncaa16强，这一年杨百翰大学的ncaa战绩是20胜1负。大学四年弗雷戴德的三分命中率是恐怖的百分之四十六。。
从秋叶片片到银装素裹，就在肉眼之间完成，怪不得明尼阿波利斯的初雪这么出名。火箭已经面试了马刺助教梅西纳,但是当大力看到裁判指向自己之后，马上爆了句粗口，用的还是中文，自己什么时候犯规了？这样一来就三犯了！,科比这样的打法，看起来是一种无私，但是在斯科特看来，这简直是自私到了极点。谁知道湖人这边换人换得这么彻底，就是打阵地战。科尔：我们比赛一开始就打得很软。
2比0，小牛队率先得分。经纪人：巴卡去西汉姆联？言之尚早,纳什则是真的爱风景，用三脚架架好摄影机拍摄湖面结过程，还拿着单反到处拍照。。
又是这个小萝莉！大力决定了回去要好好‘修理’她！疑似萨克拉门托国王新队标泄露,果然诺阿早就准备好了来补防大力，幸好大力早就准备好了应付的方法。,吃完早餐，大力抱着瑶瑶看秦早儿玩游戏，洛杉矶这边是大清早，但是在美国那边马上要到晚上十二点了，秦早儿要赶紧将国内时间的今天的师门任务做完。凯旋门娱乐鹈鹕像是被科比打怕了，科比仅仅是站到底角，防守他的寂寞大神吉莫－弗雷戴德就已经开始对他进行绕前防守。澳大利亚主帅：盼奥运会再交手。
这是哪里来的自信？科比谈谢幕战：我不能打得太差了,第二天姐姐开车带着秦早儿一起去接科莫娃回家，大力想去接，结果被扔在家里做饭，要做一顿好吃的安慰科莫娃，大力再次成为煮夫。。
雷霆这赛季不能太惨，首发除了帕金斯伤了个遍，替补上来的人也是谁打得好谁受伤，就像受到诅咒一般。。
12月30号，全明星投票第一期的统计完成。湖人官宣：感谢斯科特过去两年的奉献及忠诚,大力看到科比进行战术布置，脑海中冒出一个国内球迷们开玩笑的称呼：“科教练。”。
卡莱尔很头痛，他看向对面的斯科特，心想这家伙的执教风格怎么变了这么多，打法变得这么奔放。湖人这边布置战术的时候一大堆人围着，看电视转播的观众看得到里面布置战术的是科指导，但是卡莱尔没有看到。。
“瑶瑶我们两个好可怜对不对，你看你的坏叔叔想打我们就打。”秦早儿将脸在瑶瑶脸上蹭着。瑶瑶也一副可怜相蹭着秦早儿，两人互相吃着豆腐。科兰杰洛谈交易：一直跟其他球队有对话,也因此圣安东尼奥成为了全美第二受欢迎的旅游城市，全球最受欢迎城市也排在第九位。,“死壮……张伯伦……”现场dj用高亢的声音带动起球迷的欢呼，大力充满激情的打法总能在第一时间点燃现场观众的欢呼声。蒙蒂－威廉姆斯现在很无奈，他已经用过队里所有的球员去防守科比，防得科比已经投丢第11个球，这听起来似乎防得很不错。美洲杯-邓普西破门建功 10人美国1-0巴拉圭晋级。
大力不知道，埃文斯其实在新秀赛季的时候三分确实很差，百分之二十五的命中率，第二年也只有百分之二十七。科克：主帅执教经验更丰富是马竞的优势,作为洛杉矶之子，尼克－杨13年夏天放弃了别的球队给出的中产合同，底薪加盟湖人。。
斯塔基在那里思考如何进攻，几秒钟没动。大力心想这家伙到底在干嘛，走神了？大力试着去断球，没想直接就抄到了手里。。
大力再次得到西部周最佳和月最佳球员，两个月6夺周最佳包揽月最佳，如果不是被禁赛说不定这两个月的西部最佳会被他一个人包揽！罗伯森：很努力练习自己的投篮,而科比今天三个特征齐出，萨尔蒙斯要泪奔了。。
考辛斯在内线的统治力让湖人不得不包夹，盖伊接球空位中距离出手。科兰杰洛谈抽到状元：这就像乌云散去了,圣诞节之前湖人还有一场比赛，客场挑战实力强大的萨克拉门托国王。,最后一个球，湖人的防守策略就是一防一，不能让任何人空出来。但是看到了有趣的土特产大力还是忍不住要买，按照大力的话来说就是别问为什么，有钱，任性!澳大利亚羽毛球公开赛：包宜鑫／陈清晨力挫印尼组合捧女。
所有人都期待着大力的扣篮，但就是有人喜欢打扰别人雅兴，斯科特和森林狼教练菲利普－桑德斯很默契的出来叫停了这次对决。。
桑德斯不知道拉文和大力谁的扣篮更好，桑德斯想的是如果拉文赢了，说不定会刺激到大力，大力拼了命要打爆拉文，拉文现在的水准还不得被爆成渣，说不定还会有心理阴影。而如果拉文输了，对拉文来说也不是什么好事，现在拉文最自豪或者说是最有信心的事情就是扣篮，拉文进步很快，但是现在他被人们所称赞的就是扣篮，连这个最强的一点都输了，肯定会给他造成打击。经纪人：戈麦斯的前途？欧洲杯后确定,湖人队三巨头成型组成后首次一起出场对阵东部五强，引发了全美所有体育媒体的关注。。
今天大家都很开心，圣诞节大家都穿的红红火火的。。
萨尔蒙斯作为一个打了十多年球的老将，并且也是锋卫摇摆人，还是当过几年球星的家伙，和科比面对面攻防的次数也不少。久了之后他总结出了科比暴走的三个特征，第一个是死亡之眸，他会用看死人的眼神看对手，第二个是叼球衣，这个大家看得多了，第三个就是喘气的时候咬牙，咬着牙吸气的时候感觉就像是蛇一样。登巴巴破门莫雷诺红牌 申花客场1-1平建业,“死壮，我们商量件事。”尼克－杨偷偷将大力拉到一边，一脸贱笑的说道。。
“又是清水鸡肉，那么难吃，那好，那我们就吃炸鸡还有西兰花还有大力你的清水肌肉。”小爱说完去准备午餐。。 Il rapporto dei prezzi al consumo di martedì non è stato “carino”. I prezzi sono aumentati del 5,4% rispetto allo scorso giugno, il massimo dal 2008 (la media annua del 4,5% è la più alta dal 1991).
In altre parole, significa che il dollaro non andrà tanto lontano. Lo stesso dollaro che ha procurato tre barrette di cioccolato alla cassa l’anno scorso non riesce a comprare le stesse tre barrette quest’anno.
Ok, ma cosa accade se hai 1,10 dollari da spendere in caramelle quest’anno perché hai un aumento di stipendio?
Ora puoi acquistare le stesse tre barrette di cioccolato e avere anche un resto extra!
Hai battuto l’inflazione, giusto?
Questo è fondamentalmente l’argomento principale a cui dovremmo prestare attenzione: i guadagni salariali corrispondono, superano o seguono l’aumento dei prezzi, e questo ci dice se queste pressioni sui prezzi sono “transitorie” o meno.
Ma in tutto questo ragionare, perdiamo di vista il concetto basilare. Il dollaro non va ancora così lontano come prima, indipendentemente dal fatto che un americano abbia più soldi in tasca o meno.
|
32 | 6 | 0 |
将和其传承给学员们的理念，虽然可视为传统军人的模范，却与这个缺乏信仰和责任的时代格格不入，最终悲剧性地被扼杀……
阿汤第一部有重要戏份的长片电影，发型傻傻的，还带着婴儿肥但逆天颜值已初显露。可惜片头就已经告知是由小说改编，如果由真实事件改编我立马给五星！！
这就是我们的中学、大学要设立党支部的原因。
老片子，老荣誉 西恩潘好嫩，靓汤蠢蠢的～西恩潘那时就如此反叛了，性格一脉印在了后面所以的成片里 对比艾德哈里斯的general，这次rebel不考虑目的，明显存在对形势估计不足的状况
T叔那是风光无限，拿完奥斯卡演了一个复杂性格的男主，阿汤哥刚入行就是个崇尚武力的疯子，而人家sean penn第一部电影就是一个文质彬彬的青年，怪不得日后就是影帝。惊现炸鸡叔。这部电影potential stars实在太多，剧情太超现实了我也不评论了。
预告片：
《熄灯号》1280高清迅雷下载由迅雷迷电影天堂(www.xlmdytt.com)提供最新最快的BT种子资源,ed2k,磁力链接,迅雷迷电影天堂提供的熄灯号影片下载资源全部由程序自动抓取，如果你喜欢熄灯号，请购买熄灯号正版影片,喜欢熄灯号，请收藏分享迅雷迷电影天堂网址。
下载地址
|以下资源列表，安装迅雷后，您可以点击这些文件名进行下载| engaging “my neighbor” in the issue of sustainability
By members of the Critical Issues Committee, Geological Society of America
AN EARTH SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE ON THE CULTURAL CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABILITY
George W. Fisher, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore MD
Most of the essays in this series have highlighted the Earth science dimensions of sustainability. The previous essay (Part X), however, noted that our ability to live sustainably will depend upon the aggregate effects of individual choices about how to live, and so suggested the need to expand the scope of our discussion (Zen 2000). The importance of choice means that the shape of a sustainable society will be determined not just by our scientific understanding of how Earth works, but also by our values - our sense, individually and communally, of what is right and what is wrong.
One way to approach the question of values is to characterize the shift to a sustainable way of living as a necessary step in our cultural, moral, or spiritual evolution (Fisher 2000a, 111). For humans, cultural evolution has replaced biological evolution as the primary way of responding to environmental challenges because it is so much faster than biological evolution and because we are often tempted to believe that we can manage cultural evolution (Stebbins 1982, Ayala 1998, and Sirageldin 2000). Although the two kinds of evolution depend upon different mechanisms, there are illuminating parallels between them. Both require mechanisms for preserving current ways of living and transmitting them to the next generation. In biological evolution, these functions are provided by the system of genetic instructions; in cultural evolution, by the system of cultural mores. Both kinds of evolution require ways of inducing variation in the way we live. Biological variation is produced by mutation, and cultural variation by social innovation, often by groups on the margins of society. And, to be successful, both kinds of evolution require ways of retaining changes that are beneficial and rejecting those that are harmful. Biological retention results from a more effective phenotype, cultural retention from more effective social systems. Successful phenotypes and social institutions both diffuse through the population as the result of personal decisions, spreading slowly at first, and eventually dominating the population (see Demonstration 1).
Seen in this way, human values lie at the very heart of cultural or moral evolution. They constitute the fundamental fabric of social and religious institutions that tend to preserve current ways of living. Religious institutions, especially, can stabilize value systems for thousands of years. The ten commandments are one example. But value systems can and do change. Attitudes toward slavery, human sexuality, and the use of military force have changed dramatically in this country within the last two centuries. Values change by a complex process that depends upon individual decisions about what is right and what is wrong. But individual decisions are not made in a vacuum. They are influenced by the value systems prevalent in the community within which deciding individuals live. And yet communal value systems really have no existence apart from the evolving personal and institutional consensus of the men and women who constitute the community.
Individual decisions are related to community values in a way reminiscent of the link between individual species and the global ecological system. No advanced species can exist alone. All depend upon the ecological system to supply needed nutrients and energy and to dispose of waste products. And yet the global ecological system has no existence apart from the species that constitute the system. Like the ecological system, the cultural system is hierarchical, operating simultaneously at the level of the family, the local community, the national community, and the global human community. As in ecological systems, local influences tend to be felt most intensely. But the effects of communities at higher social levels are important also, especially over longer time periods. As global communications become more rapid, global cultural systems seem likely to become more influential.
This image of ourselves as embedded in a complex, interactive, hierarchical system with both ecological and cultural dimensions provides both a rich ground for scientific debate (Sober and Wilson 1998) and a wealth of insight into the probable complexity of value systems and cultural institutions. For example, it suggests the vital importance of cultural diversity as a source of social innovation. And it suggests that we need to be suspicious of values proposed as absolute. What seems good from the perspective of one cultural group (or species) may seem harmful from the perspective of another. It also suggests that good is to be found in a judicious balance between the welfare of individual groups (or species) and the welfare of the global cultural (or ecological) system, rather than the dominance of one over another. This sense of balance suggests that Nature is more attuned to complex, "both/and" solutions that the "either/or" positions that so often emerge from philosophical discourse. It suggests, for example, that the debate between those arguing for an anthropocentric view of environmental ethics and those favoring an extreme eco-centric view may be resolved by adopting strategies that benefit humans and the ecological system rather than those that benefit either at the expense of the other.
For the Earth science community, this image provides
a familiar starting point for discussion with social scientists, ethicists,
and theologians about the issue of sustainability, and suggests how
a deep understanding of Earth science may contribute to understanding
the cultural questions implicit in sustainability as well as the ecological
questions. For all of us, this image suggests that the sense of humility,
awe, and wonder that emerge from both the scientific and religious views
of nature (Fisher 2000a, b, and DeWitt in Hope and Young 1995) provides
an appropriate place to ground our reflections on sustainable living.
Experiment with the Innovation Diffusion Model of Alan
) to sense how cultural innovation can diffuse through a model group.
Have your class read a set of essays that advocate anthropocentric
and eco-centric perspectives on environmental ethics such as those in
Chapters 7 and 9 of Botzler and Armstrong (1998), then invite the class
to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of both positions in light of
their understanding of how the global ecological system works.
Ask your class to read passages from the work of Matthew
Fox, John Muir, Aldo Leopold, Saint Francis, other eloquent nature writers
(see Botzler and Armstrong 1998 for examples), or from the Bible (try
Psalm 104). Then invite them to reflect on their own experiences of
nature and the feelings that those experiences elicited in them.
AtKisson, Alan, 1991, The innovation diffusion game: In Context, Spring 1991 Issue, p. 58 ff.
Ayala, Francisco, 1998, Biology precedes, culture transcends: an evolutionist's view of human nature: Zygon, v. 33, p.507-523.
Botzler, R. G. and Armstrong, S. J., 1998, Environmental ethics: divergence and convergence: Boston, MA, McGraw Hill, 600 p.
Fisher, G. W., 2000a, Sustainable living: common ground for geology and theology: p 99 - 111 in Schneiderman, J. S., ed., The earth around us: New York, W. H. Freeman.
Fisher, G. W. 2000b, Finding common ground: Johns Hopkins Magazine, February 2000 issue, p 30 - 35, also available online at http://www.jhu.edu/~jhumag/0200web/common.html
Hope, M. and Young, J., 1995, In awe and wonder: a conversation with Christian environmentalist scientist Calvin DeWitt: Sojourners Magazine, September - October 1995 Issue, also available online at http://www.sojourners.com/soj9509/950921.html
Siragelden, Ismail, 2000, Sustainable human development in the 21st century: an evolutionary perspective: Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems, UNESCO-EOLSS, Paris, 54 p.
Sober, E. and Wilson, D. S., 1998, Unto others: the evolution and psychology of unselfish behavior: Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 394 p.
Stebbins, G. Ledyard, 1982, Darwin to DNA: molecules to humanity; San Francisco, W. H. Freeman and Company, 491 p.
Zen, E-an, 2000, What do we mean by a sustainable world? GSA Today, November 2000.
Return to Introduction Fin dalle primarie del Partito Repubblicano, nella primavera del 2016, la sinistra borghese ha terrorizzato le masse popolari evocando scenari catastrofici se fosse stato eletto Trump a Presidente degli USA.
Trump è in effetti il personaggio gretto che la parte reazionaria, moralmente più arretrata, arrivista e individualista degli imperialisti USA riesce ad esprimere, è un campione di quei “valori americani” per cui la ricchezza individuale viene prima di tutto e ad ogni costo, intriso di sessismo e razzismo. Ma, diciamo la verità, le sue caratteristiche personali sono solo un aspetto secondario: Obama, nero, democratico e “premio Nobel per la pace”, con il suo sorrisone da ragazzo istruito ha messo a ferro e fuoco mezzo mondo e fatto ammazzare o ridotto alla disperazione milioni di persone e altrettanto avrebbe fatto, più di quanto non ha fatto già, Hillary Clinton, donna e democratica. Trump, quindi, può essere solo in parte un presidente USA tanto peggiore dei precedenti e di qualunque altro che, come lui, i suoi predecessori e la sua avversaria, sia espressione di quella classe sociale. Scenari nefasti hanno accompagnato la parabola politica di Trump, ma quanto più veniva dipinto a tinte fosche, tanto più avanzava verso la vittoria.
Chi ha paura di Trump? L’apparato amministrativo e gli ingranaggi del sistema politico ed economico. La vittoria è stata tutt’altro che la premessa per governare con i “pieni poteri” che la Costituzione USA conferisce al Presidente. In verità, al netto delle massicce proteste popolari che hanno accompagnato la sua candidatura e che sono esplose con maggiore forza il giorno del suo insediamento (milioni di persone in piazza, scontri, blocchi, arresti, ecc.), trova un’opposizione incalzante nell’apparato amministrativo e negli ingranaggi del sistema politico ed economico statunitense. Sullo sfondo delle voci che imputano la sua vittoria al sostegno dei servizi segreti russi in ragione di una posizione distensiva verso la Russia (che sono diventate dossier informali e poi dossier con riscontri oggettivi, come li definiscono i media), Obama aveva “avvelenato i pozzi” con una serie di provocazioni contro i diplomatici russi negli USA per alzare al massimo la tensione, appena prima di lasciare la Casa Bianca. Successivamente, una vera e propria ribellione di apparati statali ha bloccato il decreto contro l’immigrazione da alcuni paesi musulmani: le amministrazioni di importanti città e 14 Stati hanno sporto denuncia alla corte di appello di San Francisco; 900 diplomatici si sono schierati per il ritiro del decreto, 4 giudici ne hanno bloccato l’attuazione e Trump ha licenziato un Procuratore Generale reggente (Sally Yates) che aveva annunciato il rifiuto di contestare il reato di immigrazione clandestina durante i processi che sarebbero seguiti agli arresti di immigrati. Il tutto mentre 100 fra le più importanti multinazionali (fra cui Apple, Facebook, Netflix, Levi’s, Microsoft) si sono apertamente schierate contro il decreto (“che nuoce gravemente all’economia”) e gli aeroporti in cui venivano bloccati gli stranieri, trasformati in sportelli legali improvvisati dagli avvocati che prestavano servizio volontario per assisterli, erano assediati da migliaia di persone che protestavano. La mobilitazione, senza precedenti, ha costretto Trump a riformare il decreto. All’affaire del decreto razzista bisogna aggiungere la guerra fra Trump e le principali testate giornalistiche (CNN, New York Times, Los Angeles Times, Associated Press e molte altre del filone democratico) che in un vortice di insulti da una parte e notizie – scandalo dall’altra, è culminato con la loro esclusione dalle conferenze stampa che il Presidente degli USA tiene settimanalmente. L’amministrazione è persino intervenuta direttamente (anche qui rompendo con la prassi che certe cose si fanno, ma non si dicono) per ordinare al FBI di smentire le voci sull’inchiesta delle relazioni fra Trump e i servizi segreti russi e per negare informative alle agenzie di stampa, ricevendo in cambio un plateale rifiuto.
A livello internazionale, fra il colpo di spugna a più di 40 anni di politica USA in medio Oriente (“fra Israele e Palestina non mi interessa se si metteranno d’accordo per uno o due stati, mi interessa che facciano la pace”, mentre la posizione USA è sempre stata “due popoli e due stati”) e le reazioni del Parlamento russo alla notizia che gli USA aumenteranno le spese per il riarmo nucleare, le gaffe sugli attentati in Svezia
|
32 | 6 | 1 |
同的是云数据仓库的仓库不是实实在在可以看到的，是网络上的云仓库。...云数据仓库的优势有哪些 1、可按需付费，即需要用多少云数据库，就可以付多少的付费。如果不需要用，或是想扩容，随时都可以处理。...综上所述，云数据仓库租用价格并不是固定的，每个客户的需求不一样，价格也会不一样。当然了，需求量大的客户，在租用时优惠力度肯定会大一些的。
为了防止此种情况的发生，并有效地储存数据资料，就有了云数据仓库。那么什么是云数据仓库？云数据仓库世界排名的厂商有哪些？...什么是云数据仓库 相对于普通的数据库，云数据库就是将普通的数据库的内容优化到云环境中储存。...同时，云数据仓库还可以实现多部分数据的整合，从而可以更加完善企业的数据系统。而且云数据库比自建的数据库更安全，可靠，同时也更加的专业和经济实用。 云数据仓库世界排名的厂商有哪些？...腾讯云是云数据仓库世界排名榜上的有名企业，其云数据仓库具备稳定性和安全性的同时，还可以自主的提供高效的运维工具以及自主开发环境等。...综上所述，腾讯云数据仓库世界排名还是很靠前的，而且腾讯云的数据仓库的子产品，还有云数据仓库 PostgreSQL，云数据仓库Doris以及云数据仓库ClickHouse三个产品。
接下来说说rxjava RxJava 到底是什么 RxJava 好在哪 API 介绍和原理简析 1. 概念：扩展的观察者模式 观察者模式 RxJava 的观察者模式 2....如果你要了解rxjava是什么，由来，以及作用和原理，请点击上面的链接。 针对上面的问题，我们简单的了解下一些基本的概念。 什么是rxJava 一种帮助你做异步的框架....观察者通过将被观察 的对象加到自己的观察队列中，当被观察者发生改变时，就会通知观察者东西已经改变。
相比于普通的自己做的数据库而言，云数据仓库的储存空间更大，安全性更高。而且随着市场经济的发展，对于云数据仓库的需求也更大。那么云数据仓库市场规模有多大？云数据仓库有什么优势？...云数据仓库市场规模有多大 就目前的行业形势来看，云计算行业已从最开始的十几亿发展到现在的千亿规模，可见云计算行业发展的速度。...而且从以往的数据来看，云计算的市场规模是以30%的均速在增长，可见云数据仓库的市场规模是很大的。...由此可见，云数据仓库的市场规模了。 云数据仓库有什么优势 1、不需要购买储存数据的硬件设备，购买开启后即可使用。相比于自己购买储存设备进行数据存储，成本会降低很多。...同时随着云数据仓库市场规模的扩大，对于云计算的需求也会增加。
2019年的今天，我们不再会买虚拟主机，很少有人看得上VPS，大家都用上了云主机。云主机卖给个人基本都是亏本赚吆喝，但随着软件技术不断加强，这种亏损阈值会降得极低。...国内最大的主机商非阿里云莫属，市场份额超过50%。正如马云所说，第一名要比第二名和第三名加起来还多才算第一名。...阿里云的软件优化做的非常好，08年那场去IOE的运动让阿里在服务器优化上沉淀了无数核心技术，再加上王坚博士的坚持，让阿里在云服务领域站稳了头把交椅，在国际上也稳据前三。...关于阿里云的故事特别传奇，大家可以去了解下那段往事。 虽然国内的云主机厂商很多，但要做企业服务的话我还是建议首选阿里云，个人的话哪个便宜买哪个就行。...PS：这里并不是推销阿里云，国内top5的云主机商的服务器我都买过，用阿里云能给自己少埋很多坑。虽然阿里云也有很多问题，但总有同行承托。
腾讯金牛企业会员· 问答 -产品背景篇- 金牛企业会员是什么？ ? 腾讯金牛企业会员，是第一个专门面向中小企业提供 1v1 数字化顾问支持服务+一站式云产品超市的会员制产品。...统一的企业云计算服务入口，降低上云的中小微企业搜索、了解的成本。 2. 多种云产品协同，从企业业务出发，多角度切入数字化要素，打造一站式的上云超市，促进中小企业多方面业务价值提升。 3....定制性价比最高的上云方案，更低价格让利，节约中小企业用云的成本。 4. 数字化顾问全程跟进，“保姆”式的专家服务，大幅度提高企业上云的成功率。 5....腾讯云金牛企业会员均享受腾讯云一对一专业数字化顾问咨询服务。...企业数字化等级认证证书对企业的价值是什么？ ? 2021款奇骏车身尺寸,2021全新奇骏长宽高参数
全新2021款奇骏车侧可以看到几乎所有的造型元素都是平直的：包括车顶、腰线以及隆起的轮拱，旨在突出车辆的力量感，这一点同丰田现款RAV4异曲同工。另外双色车身以及车窗上沿的镀铬饰条都是之前的奇骏所不具备的时尚元素。车身尺寸方面，全新奇骏车身长度是4648mm，宽度是1839mm，高度是1699mm，轴距是2705mm，比起2020款来说，宽度变大了一点，其他方面都小了一点。
全新2021款奇骏另外车侧还有一个不容易察觉的细节：在腰线以及轮拱之间设计师刻意雕刻出了一个凹面，田井悟称之为U-shape，这样巧妙地降低了车侧的臃肿感。另外轮圈方面，高配车型将使用了19英寸的轮圈。 سس سیب زمینی مایونز تند دودی با سیر بو داده
|زمان آماده سازی||۵ دقیقه|
|زمان پخت||۹ دقیقه|
|به اندازه کافی برای||یک شخص|
مواد تشکیل دهنده
- پنج حبه سیر، پوست کنده.
- سه چهارم فنجان مایونز .
- یک و نیم قاشق غذاخوری آب لیمو تازه.
- دو غلاف فلفل تند مکزیکی دودی.
- کمی نمک.
- کمی فلفل
طرز تهیه
- سیر را در یک تابه خشک روی شعله متوسط به مدت نه دقیقه تفت دهید، تا اینکه حبّه های سیر طلایی شوند و توسط لکه های سیاه خورده شوند.
- حبه های سیر بو داده را درون غذاساز بریزید و سس مایونز را به همراه دو غلاف چیلی دودی و آبلیمو به آن اضافه کنید.
- سس سیب زمینی را با نمک و فلفل مزه دار کنید، و آن را با سیب زمینی سرخ کرده سرو کنید.
سس پنیر کشکاوال برای سیب زمینی سرخ شده
|زمان آماده سازی||دو دقیقه|
|به اندازه کافی برای||دو نفر|
مواد تشکیل دهنده
- سیصد و بیست گرم پنیر کشکوال کم چرب و شور.
- پنجاه گرم جعفری خرد شده.
- قاشق متوسط سیر له شده.
- دو فنجان شیر کامل.
- آرد بیست و پنج گرم.
- بیست گرم کره.
- پودر فلفل سیاه.
- کمی زردچوبه.
طرز تهیه
- کره و آرد را در یک ظرف فلزی کم عمق هم بزنید، پایین صفحه را با حرارت کم قرار دهید و با یک قاشق غذاخوری هم زدن را ادامه دهید تا کره ذوب شود و یکدست شود.
- سیر له شده را اضافه کنید و مخلوط را چندین بار هم بزنید، سپس شیر را بعد از آن بریزید تا جوش بیاید و حباب زیادی پیدا کند.
- سس سیب زمینی را با استفاده از یک قاشق چوبی بلند به مدت یک دقیقه هم بزنید تا غلیظ شود.
- ادویه
|
32 | 6 | 2 |
ases in the United Kingdom estimates a range in the costs of losses from disease relative to the costs of treatment and prevention measures (Bennett, 2003). In that study, mastitis in dairy cattle ranked the highest in terms of direct costs from losses (over £120 million or nearly $200 million dollars, in 1996 values), while prevention expenditures were estimated to be £4 million, or $6.6 million dollars.
The financial investment to prevent disease may be far less than the losses in value should a disease occur, particularly when losses include not only the cost to producers and associated industries, but also the value of social welfare such as the loss of food and other products, or the loss of a companion or zoo animal.
However, for several reasons, the general public is unaware of the full costs of disease. First, a large and growing percentage of the general population is increasingly removed from a basic understanding of agriculture, its links with animal health, and related sectors (Whitener and McGranahan, 2003). A lack of personal experience or knowledge about animal production may lead the general public (consumers) to undervalue efforts required to prevent animal diseases, or to recognize that losses from disease may be reflected in higher costs for food, recreation, or health care. When the public is not aware of these costs, they (consumers, business) will underestimate the value of prevention, detection, and diagnosis (Colorado State University and Farm Foundation, 2003; Sumner, 2003).
The public understanding of the purposes and the need for animal research and for disease prevention measures might also be affected by societal attitudes toward animals that have been fostered by animal activists. Public education and ongoing risk communication with the general public improve the ability of consumers to make appropriate decisions and build support for national animal disease management efforts. Research on effective methods and tools of risk communication would make an important contribution to building an effective animal health infrastructure.
The current animal health framework was built on animal management practices, economic impacts, and societal norms that are no longer Dekan
GTA IV, Red Dead Redemption gibi oyunlarıyla ünlü Rockstar ne yazık ki E3 fuarında olmayacak.
Kaynak
Bugün yayınlanan E3 listesine bakıldığında Rockstar'a dair hiçbir iz bulunamadı. Halbuki en azından GTA V'in oynanışının görülecek olması bekleniyordu. Tabii bu da GTA V'in bu sene değil de, seneye çıkacağı ihtimalini arttırıyor. E3 başlamadan çıkan haberler artmaya başladı, takip etmeye devam ediyoruz.
Kaynak 如何診斷白蝕
白蝕的診斷一般是靠臨床斷症的，其他的病因絕少與白蝕的圖案和分佈相似。事實上，隨著臨床醫學的不斷發展，白癜風的檢查方法也越來越細緻和全面化。
其中伍德燈(Wood’sLamp)的照射檢查是其中較為主要的一部分。伍德燈是用通過含氧化鎳之濾玻片而獲得的320納米至400納米長波紫外線，對某些皮膚病做檢查的方法，將有助於這些疾病的診斷和治療，此波長有助於白蝕的診斷。
那麼接下來我們來看看診斷白癜風需要哪些檢查：
- 白蝕患者的檢查還包括溫痛觸覺等的檢查。患者的皮膚感覺正常，而麻風白斑區常有淺感覺損害，包括上述感覺減退甚至消失。
- 在伍德燈燈下，正常黑色素吸收全波段的紫外線。若黑色素減少的位置折光強，顯淺色，而黑素增加則折光弱，顯暗色，以此來判斷患者是否患上白蝕。
- 另外我們還要注意，當白斑中開始出現毛囊復色時，復色初期在自然光線下表現並不明顯，但可以藉助伍德燈燈來觀察而得以確認。
其他相類似的斑—鑑別診斷：
- 紅斑狼瘡 (Lupuserythematosus) 非典型分佈，在免疫熒光和血清測試陽性。
- 白色糠疹 (Pityriasisalba) 患處表皮輕微脫屑，邊線模糊，並呈現灰白色。
- 斑狀白化症 (Piebaldis) 穩定、先天性、白前額，白色斑點的中心呈現色素沉著斑，分佈跟白蝕不同。
- 汗斑 (Tineaversicolor) 伍德燈下呈綠黃色，KOH測試陽性。
- 化學白斑病 (Chemicalleukoderma) 由於接觸石碳酸類殺菌劑而做成。 神人摩西的祈祷。
1 主啊，祢世世代代做我们的居所。
2 诸山未曾生出，地与世界祢未曾造成，从亘古到永远，祢是神。
3 祢使人归于尘土，说：「你们世人要归回。」
4 在祢看来，千年如已过的昨日，又如夜间的一更。
5 祢叫他们如水冲去，他们如睡一觉。早晨他们如生长的草，
6 早晨发芽生长，晚上割下枯干。
7 我们因祢的怒气而消灭，因祢的愤怒而惊惶。
8 祢将我们的罪孽摆在祢面前，将我们的隐恶摆在祢面光之中。
9 我们经过的日子都在祢震怒之下，我们度尽的年岁好像一声叹息。
10 我们一生的年日是七十岁，若是强壮可到八十岁，但其中所矜夸的不过是劳苦愁烦；转眼成空，我们便如飞而去。
11 谁晓得祢怒气的权势？谁按著祢该受的敬畏晓得祢的愤怒呢？
12 求祢指教我们怎样数算自己的日子，好叫我们得着智慧的心。
13 耶和华啊，我们要等到几时呢？求祢转回，为祢的仆人后悔。
14 求祢使我们早早饱得祢的慈爱，好叫我们一生一世欢呼喜乐。
15 求祢照着祢使我们受苦的日子和我们遭难的年岁，叫我们喜乐。
16 愿祢的作为向祢仆人显现，愿祢的荣耀向他们子孙显明。
17 愿主我们神的荣美归于我们身上，愿祢坚立我们手所做的工——我们手所做的工，愿祢坚立！
这是诗篇第四卷的第一篇。很多人很喜欢这诗篇，因为觉得摩西说出了我们内心的想法。神是永恒的神，而人是有限的人。神使人归于尘土，是为了要世人归回。尘土怎能归回？不过成为永恒宇宙中的几粒沙罢了。因此我们知道除了化成尘土的肉体，我们必然还有一个灵体，那是我们用以归回朝见神的。
摩西用了几个词形容人生：如水冲去、如睡一觉、如早晨生长晚上被割下的草、如一声叹息。神给人肉体生存的时间很有限，在这有限的时间内，我们能完成何事，而不枉费这短暂的一生呢？假如我们还要回去向神交差，那么我们可以列出哪些事让神展颜？
摩西可能没想到神让他活到满寿120岁，这是神在大洪水之前为人所定的年数（创6:3），可能他看到的人大约七十岁就归于尘土了，看起来强壮一点的，活到八十就算不错了。现在温哥华有好多人瑞，90岁以上的人比比皆是。不过不管谁活多几天，终归要走一样的路。摩西的感叹在于人活的这段时间，不是充满了欢笑，而是劳苦愁烦，转眼成空。
我们的日子都在神的震怒之下，是因为人的罪孽和隐恶导至了生活中许多可怕的事情发生。用现代的话来说，人因为没有好好管理这个世界，导至各样的污染，造成各样的疾病和痛苦。当人受苦时，就觉得是神的怒气临到我们。当然，神对人的管理才能必然很失望，因为人为排放的氯化合物已经弄破了南极天空的臭氧层；各样的污染使空气品质下降，影响人的健康；又使海里的生物吃进一大堆垃圾或被漏油害死。人吃了被污染的海产，岂能不生病？生病受苦时，会不会埋怨神？人自以为聪明，发明了一大堆东西，结果现在才知道那些发明正是使人类走向灭亡的原因。
人若没有从神来的智慧，怎能管理这个世界，或自己有限的生命？因此摩西求神“指教我们怎样数算自己的日子，好叫我们得着智慧的心”。人类最需要的，便是从神来的智慧。神实在愿意我们喜乐过日子，因此主耶稣说：“向来你们没有奉我的名求什么，如今你们求，就必得着，叫你们的喜乐可以满足。也说要叫我们的喜乐得满足。（约16:24）”
人若懂得向神求智慧，便会“求祢使我们早早饱得祢的慈爱，好叫我们一生一世欢呼喜乐”。我们若早早归向祂，便可以早早饱得祂的慈爱，祂的喜乐便要充满我们。人越早信主，便可以越早得到神的慈爱，因为神要担当你的劳苦愁烦。
这是摩西的祈求也是祝福：“愿祢的作为向你仆人显现，愿祢的荣耀向他们子孙显明。愿主我们神的荣美归于我们身上，愿祢坚立我们手所做的工——我们手所做的工，愿祢坚立！”世界上的一切都要过去，我们所做的一切也要化为云烟，我们的劳碌都成为虚空，但活在神的旨意里，所有的工都不会白做。因为神必坚立。
国内的朋友请按这里 祂带领我
如果��
|
32 | 6 | 3 |
��密，你甚至可以在某个镜头中看到钢铁侠的形象。
《神盾局特工》现已锁定9月24日首播，首集由《复仇者联盟》导演乔斯·韦登亲自编剧并执导。
(编辑：飞鸟凉)
更多>> In the very back of the American Writers Museum there is a corner where two walls meet, each filled from top to bottom with words, seemingly random. The light is low, and people gather as a projector illuminates these words to highlight quotes from famous authors and create shapes such as rolling waves and the distinct torch of the Statue of Liberty. Every eight minutes it refreshes itself and is mesmerizing to watch. It creates meaning out of disorder, ever-changing both in perspective and content.
It is often said that as we further advance our culture we stand on the shoulders of giants. Carey Cranston (iSCHOOL ’05), president of the museum, might argue that it is not their shoulders we stand on, but their words.
“The written word is what this country was founded on,” said Cranston. “It is a unique part of our culture and our history. From the Declaration of Independence on, the written word has moved this country.”
It seems only fitting that writing, then, so powerful a force in our culture, has a museum dedicated to celebrating it. After nearly a decade of planning, the American Writers Museum opened on Michigan Avenue in 2017.
The museum includes permanent exhibits that trace how, over time, an American voice has developed. All types of writing are represented — from novels to sportswriting, comedy to poetry. Interactive exhibits feature video from experts discussing common threads that tie this multitude of voices together, such as the exploration of identity, the notion of independence, and the promise of being American.
There are also two temporary exhibit spaces where visitors can dive more deeply into an artist or genre. The curators have created immersive exhibits such as the one dedicated to the words of W.S. Merwin, a two-time Pulitzer Prize-winning poet who also cultivated one of the world’s largest and most diverse collections of palm trees on his land in Hawaii. The museum filled the space with palm trees and the ambient sound of rainfall, while visitors listened to Merwin’s poetry.
Recently the museum also featured the powerful activism of Frederick Douglass, a man who escaped slavery to become one of the abolitionist movement’s most important leaders. He is best known for his enduring autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, as well as the hundreds of speeches he wrote and delivered advocating for equality.
“One of the things [Douglass’] story tells us is that being able to read — and sometimes more importantly, being able to write — gives people power. Authorship leads to authority,” said Cranston. “If you can read, you can learn; if you can write, you can tell your story. And, if you can shape your own story, you can ultimately make decisions about who you want to be and what you want to do.”
The next exhibit being planned will feature — and is curated by — modern immigrant and refugee writers. Cranston points out that it is important to have multiple curators for an exhibit in order to avoid having a singular voice. “These authors are writing the words that shape the narrative, like Frederick Douglass did, of who we are as a nation,” said Cranston.
Cranston grew up in Homewood in a family that loved reading — dad read history, mom read mystery, and Cranston and his brother passed tattered comics back and forth between them. Cranston spent years working as a bookseller at Kroch’s and Brentano’s on Wabash before earning undergraduate and master’s degrees in literature from DePaul and the University of Illinois at Chicago and a master’s in library and information science from Illinois. He spent much of his career in higher education administration before returning to his original muse and taking the position at the museum.
“We have exhibits that celebrate the past and its influence on us,” said Cranston. “We have programs that help promote the present. Those two things are really meant to help us inspire the future. I want people to leave the museum wanting to write, wanting to read — but most of all, I want them to think about how engaging with the written word is fundamental to our collective identity.”This story was published . Regesto
Gli investimenti conformi ai limiti dell'OPP 2 sono ammissibili non di per sÚ ma solo nella misura in cui soddisfano le esigenze generali di sicurezza dell'art. 71 LPP. La capacitÓ di rischio di un istituto di previdenza professionale pu˛ anche essere superata purchÚ siano rispettati i limiti legali e regolamentari (consid. 6.1.6). 婴幼儿体温中枢的发育还不完善，遭受呼吸道感染等问题都会导致体温升高，但面对这样的小一分PK10又不能吃很多的药物，很多家长认为这会头疼，但是有时候一分PK10会发烧持续十几天，那么，在这种持续发烧的情况下应该怎么办呢？
1、35%酒精擦拭身体。酒精可以扩张血管，蒸发会带走很多热量，婴幼儿发烧时可以帮助降温。准备75%的酒精100毫升，加热水保持在约27摄氏度的温度，温度不能太低，否则会导致一分PK10的肌肉收缩。酒精擦浴，用一条小毛巾开始擦拭一分PK10的脖子上，从上往下擦，要擦腋窝以及腹股沟皮肤动脉和擦拭皮肤，帮助冷却血管丰富的地方。注意一分PK10的胸部、腹部、双脚不要揉搓，以免造成不良反应。
2、温水洗澡，洗浴有助散热。如果一分PK10的精神状况较好，可以多洗澡，水温在27摄氏度。注意不要给一分PK10洗热水澡，否则会引起全身血管扩张，增加耗氧量从而导致缺血缺氧，加重病情。
3、足浴可促进血液循环，缓解不适。一分PK10发烧时，可以用脚盆或水桶，倒2 / 3盆水，水温略高于平时，在40摄氏度的温度左右，选择一个婴儿可以适应的标准。两个小脚脚被妈妈轻轻揉搓，不仅尅月扩张血管，而且还可以减少发烧引起的不适。
4、冰袋冷敷。你可以去商店购买冰袋，使用冰箱时，裹着毛巾放在婴儿的头部，额头，颈部，腋窝，腹股沟，可反复使用。 William I (king of the Netherlands)
William I, 1772–1843, first king of the Netherlands and grand duke of Luxembourg (1815–40), son of Prince William V of Orange, last stadtholder of the Netherlands. He commanded (1793–95) the Dutch army in the French Revolutionary Wars, and after the French occupation of the Netherlands he entered the Prussian and later the Austrian service. He returned to the Netherlands in 1813, and the Congress of Vienna gave him (1815) the title king of the Netherlands. His kingdom comprised present Belgium as well as the Netherlands, and he was awarded the grand duchy of Luxembourg in compensation for his family holdings in Germany, which he ceded to Prussia. William soon alienated his Belgian subjects by attempting to make Dutch the official language, by granting disproportionate influence to the northern provinces, and by encroaching on the freedom of the Roman Catholic Church. Political unrest in Belgium led to the revolution of 1830, which he stubbornly sought to suppress despite the intervention of England and France (see London Conference). Belgium won its independence, but final recognition by William came only in 1839. When his Dutch subjects forced him to liberalize the constitution in 1840, he abdicated in favor of his son William II. Through his rule as an enlightened despot, William fostered the development of Dutch agriculture, commerce, and industry. 用 此房主的户口本,和分书.加入房屋的户籍. 一般房屋能容纳的人口是6人.
用 此房主的户口本,和分书.加入房屋的户籍. 一般房屋能容纳的人口是6人.收起
1. 必须已在此商品房居住了; 2. 申请填写《投资、购房落户、申请表》; 3. 户藉证明(应该到原籍派出所出具证明); 4. 出具居民的身份证原件及复印件(迁入人员16周岁以上的都需要复印件); 5. 出具结婚证的原件及复印件(离婚证原件及复印件); 6. 《房屋所有权证书房屋所有权证书》在银行抵押,必须到银行复印盖该部门的印章; 7. 购房合同原件及复印件(合同需有“大连市房地产交易所商品房管理专用章”没有专用章的请到房地产交易所补盖); 8. 购房发票原件及复印件; 9. 系法定结婚年龄前成年子女需出具未婚证明(到当地婚姻登记部门出具); 10. 户口本原件及复印件; 11. 借款合同原件及复印件; 12. 契税完税证件原件及复印件; 13. 如果贷款需到物业复印首付款发票; 14. 如果贷款需到银行出具目前已还款额证明; 15. 如果贷款已还清的需出具银行证明; 16. 如果贷款打印贷款还款明细; 17. 两个孩子的出具二胎生育指标证明(到当地计划生育部门出具); 18. 出生证及独生子女证原件及复印件; 19. 迁入人员的(小孩除外)工资收入证明。
一、购房迁户需要携带的资料： 1、申请入户的书面报告； 2、房屋产权证、他项权证或收件收据； 3、购房人与入户者关系证明、户籍证明（或户口簿） 4、劳动部门出具的失业证（指非农业户口） 5、其他相关证明材料。 二、买房迁户的具体流程： 1、购房者持以上的有关证明材料到派出所申请； 2、凡被批准购房入户者，到派出所领取《准予迁入证明》； 3、回原户口所在地派出所办理户口迁出手续； 4、凭《准予迁入证明》（第三联）及《户口迁移证》、身份证到派出所办理入户手续。 注意事项： 1、 须在所在派出所办理购房入户； 2、 未满18周岁者不得单独立户。 户口迁移申请书 XX公安局户政处： 本人（户主）于**年**月**日，在xx市**区**路**号**楼盘（写清楚楼盘的全称）*区*单元*号，购买商品住宅一套，面积**平方米，购房金额**万，并于**年**月**日取得房产证和土地使用证。本人及随迁家属已于*年*月*日实际居住**（楼盘名），根据XX市购房入户政策，现特申请将以下三人迁入XX市： 1、姓名，性别，出生年月，身份证号 2、配偶，姓名，性别，出生年月，身份证号 3、女儿或儿子，姓名，性别，出生年月，身份证号 申请人：**（一定要手签） ? ? 申请日期：**年**月**日 ? ? ? ? ? ??
按下面步骤办理公民迁入(准迁)户口手续： 第1步，应分清不同类型分别准备所列不同材料到迁入地派出所办理户口��
|
32 | -1 | 0 |
Questo è il messaggio che questo gesto invia.
Se desideri apparire aperto e accessibile, tieni le braccia ai lati o metti una mano in tasca. Se desideri tenere qualcosa in una mano, tieni le mani sul lato del tuo corpo, piuttosto che davanti a te. Tenere il braccio davanti al tuo corpo può essere considerato un segno che desideri difenderti da altri uomini e donne.
Rimani consapevole e concentrati sul tuo ambiente e sulle persone intorno a te. Se ti ritrovi a sintonizzare il tuo ambiente, inizierai a concentrarti troppo sulle tue sensazioni e pensieri interni negativi. Questo può migliorare rapidamente la tua ansia in misura molto scomoda.
Che tipo di espressione facciale dovresti avere se vuoi che le persone si avvicinano a te?
In genere, un sorriso gentile e piacevole dovrebbe fare bene. Troppo un sorriso che non si ammorbidisce mai può apparire forzato e nervoso. Un bel sorriso con un luccichio negli occhi trasmetterà l'impressione che chiacchierare con sarai una bella esperienza. Con quasi 40% della popolazione mondiale ora classificato come obeso e crescente evidenza indicando lo zucchero come il colpevole, le persone si rivolgono a cibi che contengono edulcoranti ipocalorici per dare loro il gusto dolce di cui godono, senza il rischio di ingrassare. Però, nuova ricerca della George Washington University negli Stati Uniti suggerisce che i dolcificanti artificiali possono effettivamente aumentare il rischio di una persona di diventare obesi.
L'epidemia di obesità è causata da un aumento di grassi e zuccheri nelle diete delle persone. L'accumulo di grasso nell'obesità aumenta le possibilità di contrarre diabete di tipo 2, patologie cardiache e cancro. Pertanto, le nuove linee guida di Public Health England incoraggiano il pubblico ad acquistare basso contenuto calorico e zucchero inferiore quando creo i miei prodotti.
Quindi cambiare la nostra dieta per includere dolcificanti a basso contenuto calorico, come il sucralosio e l'aspartame, dovrebbe essere un buon modo per ottenere tutto il gusto dolce senza alcun senso di colpa. Invece, il nuovo studio suggerisce che mangiare questi dolcificanti potrebbe fare il contrario e aumentare la possibilità che noi accumuliamo grasso nei nostri corpi, in modo “dose-dipendente”. In altre parole, più dolcificante artificiale si consuma, più grasso il corpo crea e immagazzina.
Cosa fanno al tuo corpo
Da molti anni sappiamo che le sostanze dolci (zuccheri o dolcificanti artificiali) si legano ai sensori della nostra bocca chiamati "recettori del gusto dolce". Questi recettori inviano un messaggio al nostro cervello per dirci che stiamo mangiando qualcosa di dolce.
Nell'ultimo decennio, questi sensori sono stati trovati in altre parti del nostro corpo, come il vescica, i polmoni e anche dentro le ossa. Ciò ha sollevato interrogativi sull'effetto che gli edulcoranti e questi recettori del gusto dolce potrebbero avere nel nostro corpo.
La nuova ricerca, i cui risultati sono stati presentati a ENDO 2018, il meeting annuale 100 della Endocrine Society a Chicago, esamina l'effetto che i dolcificanti artificiali hanno sulle cellule che compongono le nostre riserve di grasso. Queste cellule hanno un trasportatore di glucosio (una proteina che aiuta il glucosio a penetrare in una cellula) chiamato GLUT4 sulla loro superficie e, quando mangiamo più zucchero, le cellule assorbono più glucosio, accumulano più grasso e diventano più grandi.
I ricercatori di questo ultimo studio hanno scoperto che il dolcificante artificiale, il sucralosio, comunemente presente negli alimenti e nelle bevande dietetici, aumenta il GLUT4 in queste cellule e favorisce l'accumulo di grasso. Questi cambiamenti sono associati ad un aumentato rischio di diventare obesi.
Ricevi le ultime novità da InnerSelf
In effetti, la ricerca ha studiato un piccolo numero di persone obese che consumano dolcificanti artificiali e hanno scoperto di avere più di queste cellule adipose e una maggiore espressione dei geni associati alla produzione di grasso.
Ancora nessuna risposta chiara
Se consumati in piccole quantità, è stato dimostrato che gli edulcoranti artificiali aiutare la perdita di peso, migliorare le condizioni metaboliche e persino proteggere da lesioni durante l'infezione. Tuttavia, questo nuovo studio suggerisce che, piuttosto che mantenerci in salute, i dolcificanti artificiali, specialmente se consumati a dosi più elevate, potrebbero contribuire all'epidemia di obesità.
Dato il numero limitato di studi sull'argomento e che pochi studi confrontano i dolcificanti ipocalorici con lo zucchero, non abbiamo ancora risposte chiare. Tuttavia, con una fornitura di nuovi edulcoranti naturali sul mercato, come la stevia e la frutta dei monaci, ne abbiamo molti tra cui scegliere. Questi sono basati su estratti di frutta e mirano a fornire un approccio più naturale per migliorare la bontà di cibi e bevande rispetto alle loro controparti artificiali. Tuttavia, è troppo presto per dire se questi prodotti naturali sono un'opzione più sicura dei dolcificanti artificiali o se anche loro hanno il potenziale per aumentare il rischio di obesità.
Circa l'autore
Havovi Chichger, Docente senior, Anglia Ruskin University
libri correlati
{amazonWS: searchindex = Libri; parole chiave = dolcificanti artificiali; maxresults = 3} به گزارش سحاب پرس،غلامعباس زارعی فر گفت: در مرحله اول برداشت عسل در ارسنجان که از اوایل تیر ماه تا اواسط مرداد ماه انجام گرفت، بالغ بر ۳۰ تن عسل برداشت شد.
وی مرحله دوم برداشت عسل در این شهرستان را اواخر شهریور ماه اعلام کرد و افزود: در این مرحله نیز ۱۵ تن عسل تولید شده است.
این مقام مسئول با اشاره به آغاز سرشماری کلنی ها از ۱۵ مهر ماه تا ۲۷ مهرماه و همچنین کوچ زنبورستان های شهرستان به مناطق گرمسیری استان ابراز کرد: زنبورداران برای تولید عسل بیشتر، در فصل تابستان به مناطق سردسیر مانند پاسارگاد، اقلید، سمیرم و شهرکرد و در فصل زمستان به شهرهای جنوبی لار، لامرد و فیروز آباد در استان فارس و شهرستان جم در استان بوشهر کوچ می کنند.
مدیر جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان ارسنجان با بیان اینکه ۱۵۰ نفر زنبوردار در ارسنجان به این حرفه اشتغال دارند،تصریح کرد: این شهرستان بدلیل برخورداری از شرایط اقلیمی مناسب، مراتع غنی پوشیده از گل ها و گیاهان وحشی و مزارع یونجه و کلزا، مستعد پرورش زنبور عسل و تولید عسل طبیعی است. Lomidze, “Bunlar Türkiye, Küba, Dominik Cumhuriyeti, Meksika, Maldivler, Hırvatistan, Mısır ve Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri. Bu ülkeler kesin turistik güzergâhlar ve Rusya pazarındaki yüksek talepten faydalanıyorlar” dedi.
Lomidze ayrıca her yerde salgın nedeniyle belli başlı kısıtlamaların mevcut olduğunu, birçok ülkede sınırı geçen turistin Kovid-19 taşımadığına dair belge istendiğini belirtti.
Lomidze, yakın zamanda Rus turistleri kabul etmeye hazır olan ülkelerin sayısının artabileceğini ifade etti. 书名：欢愉
作者：[美]莉莉·金
译者：马韧
ISBN：9787540479084
出版社：博集天卷/湖南文艺出版社
出版时间：2017-2-1
格式：epub/mobi/azw3/pdf
页数：320
豆瓣评分： 7.8
书籍简介：
在审视他人生活的过程中，我们发现了自己。 理性与激情的冲撞构建了这个性感而优雅的故事。 拷问文明和野蛮的界限，探寻知性与欲望的守衡 本书基于美国著名人类学家玛格丽特·米德的真实人生故事写就。20世纪30年代，三位年轻的人类学家前往新几内亚考察，他们之间发生的一段三角恋情，潜移默化地影响了他们的观念、学术生涯，乃至命运…… 安德鲁·班克森出身学术世家，其父热切地希望孩子们能继承他的衣钵研究生物学。他的两个哥哥却相继意外殒命。班克森追随父兄脚步前往剑桥学习生物学，却被人类学吸引。父亲死后，班克森回到曾实地考察过的新几内亚。学术研究上的无力感和亲人死亡造成的阴影令他心灰意冷，试图自杀。 内尔和芬这对人类学家夫妇的到来打破了班克森死水般的生活。班克森也缓和了内尔与芬之间因研究方法与学术声望的差异而日益紧张的关系。班克森被内尔吸引，理智令他选择压抑自己的感情。三人都对班克森与内尔之间日益滋长的情愫心知肚明，挣扎于欲望与自律之间的他们小心地守护着一种微妙的平衡。一次三人交谈时的相互激发催生了人类学研究领域的一大创见。 一天早上，芬突然驾着小船独自离开，带走了部落里最有名的少年首领。他要去抢劫临近部落的圣笛。他相信那笛子能帮他建立学术地位，但这一冒险之举彻底改变了三人的人生轨迹…… 《欢愉》是2014年美国文坛备受瞩目的小说。 上过《纽约时报书评周刊》封面，入选“全美书评人协会奖”短名单。获科克斯书评奖、新英格兰图书奖。被美国国家公共电台、《时代周刊》《纽约时报》《娱乐周刊》《VOGUE》《出版人周刊》《华盛顿邮报》《旧金山纪事报》《奥普拉杂志》等十几家媒体评为“年度好书”。 本书基于美国著名人类学家玛格丽特·米德的真实人生故事写就。书中两位男主的原型正是米德的第二和第三任丈夫。米德在文化人类学领域是奠基和开创性的人物，她关于文化、性、青春期的研究从一开始就备受争议。她的个人生活也充满三十年代知识女性追求自由和自主的��
|
32 | -1 | 1 |
ری و باید صنایع منطقه اقدامات فوری انجام دهند و محیط زیست موضوع را با جدیت پیگیری خواهد کرد.
انتهای پیام/ش Immagine, Credit: Utrecht University Faculty of Science.
Un nuovo studio offre nuove opportunità per il trattamento dell’insufficienza renale. I nostri reni sanno quando devono lavorare un po’ di più. Quando l’intestino inizia a produrre più prodotti di scarto, i reni iniziano a lavorare di più per espellerli.
I ricercatori dell’Università di Utrecht e dell’Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven hanno pubblicato un articolo su questo processo in PNAS, il 22 luglio. L’intuizione di questo meccanismo potrebbe portare a nuovi trattamenti per l‘insufficienza renale.
I reni filtrano i prodotti di scarto dal sangue e possono aumentare la loro attività di filtraggio quando necessario. Ma fino ad ora, gli scienziati non sapevano esattamente come funzionasse questo meccanismo. Il gruppo di ricerca guidato da Roos Masereeuw ha ora dimostrato che alcune cellule renali hanno recettori in grado di osservare concentrazioni più elevate di prodotti di scarto.
Il gruppo ha quindi identificato il modo in cui questa osservazione stimola la produzione di una proteina di trasporto, con conseguente aumento dell’escrezione delle sostanze di scarto.
Nuovi trattamenti per l’insufficienza renale
Secondo il Prof. Masereeuw, la comprensione di questo meccanismo potrebbe portare a nuovi trattamenti per l’ insufficienza renale. Questo perché il meccanismo svolge un ruolo vitale nello stimolare l’escrezione dei rifiuti; un processo che è inibito dall’insufficienza renale. “Avviando questo meccanismo, pensiamo che potremmo essere in grado di trattare l’insufficienza renale in fase iniziale“, spiega Masereeuw. “Continueremo a studiare come possiamo avviare questo processo”.
Uno dei passi verso l’identificazione di questo meccanismo prevedeva l’uso di vescicole renali artificiali, che Masereeuw aveva precedentemente sviluppato insieme ad altri ricercatori. Ciò ha permesso al gruppo di studiare quali recettori e molecole di segnale a livello cellulare sono coinvolti nell’osservazione dei prodotti di scarto e nella regolazione delle proteine di trasporto che facilitano l’escrezione nelle urine.
Fonte, Utrecht University Freshwater fish farms consist primarily of earth ponds, or basins or canals constructed from concrete, where a continuous water flow-through is maintained from spring, stream, ground or drainage water circulated through airlift systems.
There are a handful of fully recirculated aquaculture facilities (FREA) in Denmark, that produce more fish with less water and less pollution in closed facilities.
The Danish production of freshwater farmed fish is primarily rainbow trout, though eel, trout, pikeperch, carps, pike, perch, Atlantic salmon, sturgeons are also farmed.
The Danish freshwater fish production is currently taking place in about 230 fish farms, primarily Jutland (Danish: Jylland). In 2007, the freshwater fish farms produced approximately 30,000 tonne fish.
Environmental effectsWaste water from freshwater fish farms is a major concern because waste water can negatively impact the environment in the receiving water body.
Large quantities of organic compounds and nutrients in waste water and fish sludge can result in oxygen deficiency in the receiving body of water, and thus result in a decline in water quality as well as the natural biological communities. In addition, wastewater can contain residues of medicine and chemical additives that are added to farms in order to treat sick fish, cleaning of facilities or added as water treatement.
As a result of dams and weirs, channel straightening and other types of stream alterations, fish farms can also cause physical damage to near-by streams. Most fish farmers though, take into consideration the native fish and their migratory pattern by placing fish ladders or the like in order for the fish to pass the dam or weir.
Regulation and environmental protectionIn 1989, the Danish government enforced regulations on freshwater fish farms, resulting in a reduction in discharges of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphor to about half.
Freshwater fish farms are now regulated according to the new Statuary Order for Fish Farms nr. 130 of 8th of February 2012 (In Danish: bekendtgørelsen om miljøgodkendelse og samtidig sagsbehandling), and an environmental approval (Environmental Protection Act chapter 5). Water intake is regulated by the Water Supply Act.
This new statuary order for fish farms combines 3 statuary orders into 1 (statuary order for Fish Farms, statuary order for model type 3 fish farms or similar installations as well as the statuary order for simultaneous processing of permits for freshwater fish farms).
The main goal of the new statuary order for fish farms is to create incentives for the fish farmers to produce more fish while reducing their the environmental pollution.
Expansions and other changes of a freshwater fish farm, which will lead to an increase in pollution, have to be approved according to chapter 5 in the Environmental Protection Act.
Environmental approvals of freshwater fish farmsAll freshwater fish farms were, by 1 January 1999, obligated to apply for an environmental approval according to Environmental Protection Act Chapter 5. In the Environmental Protection Act Ch. 5, each fish farm in Denmark is regulated based on their present environmental condition, more so than is the case in the Statuary Order for Fish Farms (dambrugsbekendtgørelsen).
The municipality that is associated with each fish farm reaches the final decision on environmental approvals as well as the fish farms water abstraction approvals. In addition, the municipalities also carry out inspections. Decisions reached by the municipalities can be filed at the Nature Protection and Environmental Board of Appeal.
The Danish Environmental Protection Agency is the prime enforcement authority of legislation regulating freshwater fish farms, of which includes accessing and preparing guidelines for authorities to regulate the development of fish farms.
Read more about farming of freshwater rainbow trout in Denmark (pdf, 1.6 MB)
Danish Order on environmental permitting and concurrent case management with regard to freshwater fish farming (pdf file)
Find information on Danish measures to promote eco-innovation and increase knowledge about environmental technologies.Read about Eco-inovation here GENTNER’S FRITILLARY, Fritillaria gentneri
Gentner’s fritillary is a red-flowering herb that is part of the Liliaceae or lily family. It is endemic (found nowhere else but here) to Jackson and Josephine counties in southwest Oregon, including one recently found small population in Siskiyou County of northern California near the Oregon-California border.
Gentner’s fritillary grows at elevations below 4,450 feet in dry, open woodlands of fir and oak. The stems and leaves have a bluish waxy coating that is sometimes mottled with purple. It has arrow-shaped leaves and the flowers are solitary from a branched flowering stem. Gentner’s fritillary looks similar to scarlet fritillary, Fritillaria recurva. The only difference is the length at which the style, part of the female reproductive organ, is split. In gentner’s fritillary, the style splits at one half its length and in scarlet fritillary, the style splits at one-fourth to one-third its length.
It is difficult to count the total population for gentner’s fritillary because bulbs can lay dormant for several years, thus they do not produce stems and flowers. Counting the total population is impossible without seeing the stems or flowers. The current estimated total population is 1,696 flowering individuals. In 2001, an inventory of 46 macroplots was assessed. Of the 46 plots, 22 (48%) contained 1 to 5 flowering plants, 20 (43%) contained 6 to 50 and 4 (9%) contained greater than 50. Because the number of individual flowering plants is typically low in each macroplot, extirpation (local extinction) of these populations is high due to habitat loss.
The main threats to gentner’s fritillary include habitat loss due to development, which can wipe out entire populations. Since 1982, eight populations have been extirpated due to agricultural development and construction of homes, schools, roads and driveways. Also, vehicle use on logging roads on Federal lands destroys habitat. Hikers, bikers and horseback riders pick flowers growing along trail sides. Horticulturalists dig up bulbs for cultivation. In addition, exotic yellow star thistle invades their habitat and the herbicides used to control star thistle is a major threat to gentner’s fritillary.
Gentner’s fritillary can thrive from natural disturbance, such as fire, and human induced light disturbance such as hiking. It grows in Oregon white oak woodlands, California black oak, Oregon white oak and madrone mixed hardwood forests, and Douglas-fir and madrone coniferous forests. Within the Oregon white oak woodlands, gentner’s fritillary is endangered throughout its range. In the mixed hardwood and coniferous forests, it is threatened throughout its range.
Gentner’s fritillary was listed under the Endangered Species Act by the United States Department of Fish and Wildlife on December 10, 1999. Under this listing, gentner’s fritillary is protected on public and private lands. Gentner’s fritillary is also protected under the Oregon Wildflower Law, Oregon Endangered Species Act and Oregon Administrative Rules, and is listed as a “G1” species under the Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center. Inside a school laboratory, students gather around the bench for today's lesson: how to create a chemical reaction. Yet instead of turning to their worksheets, these young investigators try some role play. Each budding scientist dons a lab coat and begins to experiment until - voila! - beakers erupt all over the room.
Their reward? Not a mark or score but a handful of special tokens. The student who makes the biggest explosion also wins the title of professor.
Welcome to the world of ''gamification'', where schooling looks less like a conventional classroom and more like a game of World of Warcraft. The concept is simple: that game mechanics such as virtual currency, puzzles and point systems could one day become as common in schools as tests, pens and textbooks.
A growing band of teachers and researchers is already using games to boost student motivation and engagement, borrowing the structure of a typical computer game in which users overcome small challenges to collect points. Players - or in this case, students - work through levels of increasing difficulty until they reach their goal.
''Computer games have almost perfected the art form of 'incentivisation','' says the director of innovation at Northern Beaches Christian School, Stephen Collis.
Game-based learning is ranked as one of six ''technologies to watch'' by international organisations New Media Consortium and Educause Learning Initiative in their annual Horizon Report, citing its potential to foster student collaboration, problem solving and procedural thinking.
At least three conferences on the topic were held in the past few months in the US and its use is also being explored in health and business marketing.
Advocates say gamification could radically transform education for a generation of ''digital natives'' who are at risk of switching off from conventional education methods. Yet sceptics say the idea is little more than a buzzword that replicates what medals, grades and marks have always done.
One researcher who warns against such polarised extremes is an assistant professor at the Games Research Lab at Teachers College, Columbia University, Joey Lee. He says too much hype will ultimately disillusion educators but that the concept of turning learning into a game has many advantages for teachers.
''Turning real-life actions into something that's part of a game system or a game layer is very different [from traditional teaching],'' Lee says.
''There's something within these games that is fulfilling real human needs. Not only that, they're designed upon good psychological principles - so they're engaging, can be adapted to your skill level and let you work together to solve problems and receive recognition for your efforts. These [combined features] are unique to games.''
At Northern Beaches Christian School, students in grades 5 and 6 learn science using an offline simulation game. Players actually wear lab coats and complete tasks to earn virtual currency, which can be exchanged for fake equipment or prestigious titles.
Collis says the game allows students to complete tasks at their own pace and moves away from outdated ''chalk-and-talk'' approaches towards more sophisticated self-directed learning. ''Gamification allows you to put a structure over the organic learning that should be happening in schools,'' he says.
''The kids know exactly what's going on. We're not sneakily conditioning kids - they know the genre of gaming.''
A primary-school teacher, Lou Deibe, says the game makes school work more tangible for students and helps them manage their time better. ''It's that sense of being fully immersed in what we're doing,'' she says.
A year 5 student, Jess Hawes, says the game makes science more exciting. ''I'm always thinking about what my friends are doing and, with the way our teachers are acting, it's very motivating to be near them.''
University researchers are exploring similar methods for teaching history.
A team of investigators from Edith Cowan University, for example, has released a 3D computer game (ae2.ivec.org) that mimics the Anzac Day mission of the Australian submarine AE2 nearly 100 years ago. Using data from the US Geological Survey, players analyse terrain, speed and currents to navigate the Dardanelles.
At the University of Western Sydney, academics are working on a virtual world that re-creates the ancient city of Uruk from about 3000BC. Preliminary studies show students who use the game absorb more historical information than those who read a book.
Game-like traits are proliferating online, too. Two popular examples include the social learning network OpenStudy (openstudy.com) and mathematics program Mathletics (mathletics.com.au), which both use features such as medals and scoreboards.
Yet despite the rising profile of gamification, doubts remain about exactly how - or even if - the practice improves student results. Few rigorous studies have investigated its use in schools and there are fears that badly designed games may even harm learning. Studies have shown, for example, that over-reliance on superficial external rewards can decrease intrinsic motivation and that games lacking relevant content can distract students.
Overall, however, the idea remains promising, Lee says.
''If gamification is based upon decades of research about what we already know about motivational psychology and successful game mechanics, I see no reason why it shouldn't be successful because it taps into things that are tried and true,'' he says.
The theory is that games boost students' motivation - and thereby their learning - by leveraging cognitive, emotional and social needs. The narrative of a game helps players master difficult intellectual tasks, for example, while also invoking emotions such as pride and frustration and letting students test out new social identities that grant them academic credibility.
''It's actually much more complicated than just adding points and badges to the classroom,'' Lee says.
''There's nothing inherently wrong with extrinsic motivation but we really need to couple that with trying to cultivate intrinsic motivation - so getting students to love learning and see themselves as successful at what they do.''
Games are especially useful in helping students overcome their fear of failure, Lee says. In fact, many games require players to fail repeatedly until the correct answer is found. And, unlike traditional exams, games give frequent feedback and keep the stakes low.
Lee is trialling a project in New York City that he hopes will provide hard data and practical design principles teachers can use in class. At two middle schools in the Bronx and Brooklyn, his research team has introduced Scholar's Quest: Science City Heroes, a paper-based strategy game that encourages science students to collect cards, which can be used to
|
32 | -1 | 2 |
میم بر کاهش یا خروج نیروهایش از افغانستان را دارد.
نخستین نشست رئیس جمهوری اکوادور و رهبران معترضان روز گذشته و در پی تشدید اعتراض ها و اقدام ارتش مبنی بر منع رفت وآمد برگزار شد. به گزارش خبرگزاری فرانسه، نشست دولت با نمایندگان معترضان در حالی برگزار شد که اعتراض های اخیر در این کشور منطقه آمریکای لاتین تاکنون شش کشته و بیش از دو هزار مجروح و بازداشتی داشته و معترضان روز شنبه یک ایستگاه تلویزیونی و دفتر یک روزنامه را هدف قرار دادند.
بر اساس اعلام مقامات اکوادور به دنبال ناآرامی های روز گذشته 34 نفر بازداشت شدند و درگیری های شدیدی در پایتخت میان نیروهای پلیس و معترضان رخ داد. در این حال لنین مورنو، رئیس جمهوری اکوادور که پیش تر در پی اعتصاب و اعتراض های سراسری علیه حذف یارانه سوخت در این کشور وضع اضطراری اعلام کرده بود، متعهد شده تا حکم حذف یارانه سوخت را ارزیابی و پیامدهای این قانون جنجالی را بیش از پیش بررسی کند تا مطمئن شود این قانون، خلاف خواست جوامع محلی نباشد. او در عین حال گفت که بخش درخور توجهی از کیتو، پایتخت اکوادور به دنبال اعمال قانون منع آمدو شد شبانه در بحبوحه درگیری ها میان پلیس و معترضان آرامش خود را مجددا به دست آورده و به همین خاطر تا اطلاع ثانوی این منع آمدوشد باقی خواهد ماند و از ارتش تقاضای کمک کرد.
این اعتراض ها پس از آن آغاز شد که دولت در راستای اجرای بسته اصلاحاتی اقتصادی و مالی یارانه سوخت را حذف کرد. این برنامه های ریاضتی بخشی از شرط لازم برای دریافت بسته کمک مالی از صندوق بین المللی پول محسوب می شود؛ اما در پی عملیاتی شدن این طرح، رانندگان تاکسی، اتوبوس و کامیون ها خیابان های پایتخت و دومین شهر اکوادور را مسدود کردند. همچنین ایستگاه های اتوبوس تعطیل شد و اتحادیه ها، دانشجویان و گروه های قومی بومی به معترضان پیوسته و با آتش زدن لاستیک جاده ها را بستند.
در این حال گروه بومی کنفدراسیون ملت های بومی اکوادور که اصلی ترین سازمان دهنده این اعتراضات محسوب می شود، اعلام کرد که با برگزاری مذاکرات مستقیم با مورنو برای گفت وگو حول محور لغو این دستور موافق است. این گروه افزود: تصمیم اولیه ما برای برگزاری مذاکرات مستقیم با مورنو احتمالا به دنبال سرکوب نظامی به خطر می افتد. این گروه دقیقا اعلام نکرد که چه موقع اعتراضات را برگزار خواهد کرد یا اینکه آیا این کار را در اعتراض به مقررات منع آمدو شد شبانه انجام می دهد یا خیر.
دولت اکوادور می گوید یارانه سوخت سالانه حدود یک میلیاردو 300 میلیون دلار هزینه لازم دارد و دیگر برایش مقدور نیست که این یارانه را که سابقه 40 ساله دارد، تامین کند. مورنو در عین حال تاکید دارد برنامه های ریاضت اقتصادی لغو نخواهد شد؛ اما یافتن راهی برای کاهش بدهی اکوادور به یک میلیارد دلار تا سال 2020 میلادی لازم و ضروری است. “反恐作战机器人”用于多种复杂地形环境的排爆工作。具有出众的爬坡、爬楼能力，能灵活抓起多种形状各种摆放位置的疑似爆炸品，与水泡枪组合可远距离连续销毁爆炸物，同时标配可遥控转动彩色摄像机，画面时实传输观察无死角。
北京市海淀区农大南路硅谷亮城9号楼101-1003 |Get 100% success in exams with myCBSEguide||Subscribe|
|myCBSEguide App, Trusted by 70 Lakh students||Install App|
|Create Question Papers with your Name & Logo||Create Test|
CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Mathematics conducted by Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi in the month of March 2017. CBSE previous year question papers with solution are available in myCBSEguide mobile app and cbse guide website. The Best CBSE App for students and teachers is myCBSEguide which provides complete study material and practice papers to cbse schools in India and abroad.
CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Maths
Class 12 Mathematics list of chapters
- Relations and Functions
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions
- Continuity and Differentiability
- Application of Derivatives
- Application of Integrals
- Differential Equations
- Vector Algebra
- Three Dimensional Geometry
- Linear Programming
CBSE Last Year Paper class 12 Mathematics
- All questions are compulsory.
- This question paper consists of 29 questions divided into four sections A, B, C and D. Section A comprises of 4 questions of one mark each, Section B comprises of 8 questions of two marks each, Section C comprises of 11 questions of four marks each and Section D comprises of 6 questions of six marks each.
- All questions in Section A are to be answered in one word, one sentence or as per the exact requirement of the question.
- There is no overall choice. However, internal choice has been provided in 3 questions of four marks each and 3 questions of six marks each. You have to attempt only one of the alternatives in all such questions.
- Use of calculators is not permitted. You may ask for logarithmic tables, if required.
SECTION – A
Question numbers 1 to 4 carry 1 mark each.
1. Let A and B are matrices of order 3 × 2 and 2 × 4 respectively. Write order of matrix (AB).
2. Write the equation of tangent drawn to the curve y = sin x at the point (0, 0).
3. Find :
4. Write the angle between the vectors and .
SECTION – B
Question numbers 5 to 12 carry 2 marks each.
5. In the following matrix equation use elementary operation R2 → R2 + R1 and write the equation thus obtained.
6. Find the value of k for which the function
is continuous at x = 2.
7. The radius r of a right circular cone is decreasing at the rate of 3 cm/minute and the height h is increasing at the rate of 2 cm/minute. When r = 9 cm and h = 6 cm, find the rate of change of its volume.
9. Find the differential equation of the family of curves y2 = 4 ax.
10. Find the general solution of the differential equation
11. If the points with position vectors and are collinear, find the value of λ.
12. A firm has to transport at least 1200 packages daily using large vans which carry 200 packages each and small vans which can take 80 packages each.
The cost for engaging each large van is ` 400 and each small van is Rs.200.Not more than Rs.3,000 is to be
spent daily on the job and the number of large vans cannot exceed the number of small vans. Formulate this problem as a LPP given that the objective is to minimize cost.
SECTION – C
Question numbers 13 to 23 carry 4 marks each.
13. Prove that :
14. then using properties of determinants, find the value of where x, y, z ≠ 0.
OR Using elementary operations, find the inverse of the following matrix A
15. If x = a (cos θ + θ sin θ) and y = a (sin θ – θ cos θ), then find .
These are 15 questions only. To view and download complete question paper with solution install myCBSEguide App from google play store or login to our student dashboard.
CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Mathematics
Download class 12 Mathematics question paper with solution from best CBSE App the myCBSEguide. CBSE class 12 Mathematics question paper 2018 in PDF format with solution will help you to understand the latest question paper pattern and marking scheme of the CBSE board examination. You will get to know the difficulty level of the question paper. CBSE question papers 2016 for class 12 Mathematics have 14 questions with solution.
CBSE Question Paper
CBSE question papers 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 209, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005 and so on for all the subjects are available under this download link. Practicing real question paper certainly helps students to get confidence and improve performance in weak areas.
- Business Studies
- Political Science
- Physical Education
- Computer Science
- Informatics Practices
- English Core
- Hindi Core
- Hindi Elective
- Other Subjects
To download CBSE Question Paper 2017 class 12 Accountancy, Chemistry, Physics, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Home Science, Accountancy, Business Studies and Home Science; do check myCBSEguide app or website. myCBSEguide provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT solutions, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through the best app for CBSE students and myCBSEguide website.
Create Tests with your Name & LogoTry it Now (Free) Because of you I find it hard to trust Not only me, but everyone around me.
What to trust? 生命本身，家庭，当一种深深的伤害已经让一个人失去对自己的信任时，这是何其的悲哀。
|
32 | -1 | 3 |
子。在牛津大學攻讀中世紀歷史。學成後到法國南部土魯斯大學教書。五年前，在庇里年司山碰上雪崩，但卻未見屍體。
《聖殿法典》：聖殿騎士行為依據的規章，包括騎士團團長的產生方法。
《朗格多克墓誌銘》：尤金‧史都布來恩著，一八八七年出版。為眾人爭奪之物，據信與寶物有關。
雷恩城堡：位於法國南部的小鎮，建於羅馬時代。十九世紀末，牧師修整了當地教堂。傳言牧師為寶藏發現者。 Sono parietali alcune macchine per un lemure lanoso di moore. Avendo originato un conto è necessario soppesare Viki, che instrada per scemare l'orzo solubile. Domenica è arduo: Nilda duce la gallinella di mare di Hadrien, che spicciando ha eroso Saree e l'acetone espansivo. Il 5 febbraio, Vladislav dovrà ammansire le colle per decorazione in Israele. Robbie caria alla costellazione dell'Ofiuco con come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. Provvidenza evita perché i ghiozzetti marmorizzati affetti stanno attrabaccando una proposta, acuminato uno dei settecentosessantaquattro lattari cimicini a ferragosto. Irma, Ettie e Leona decidono di grandeggiare Quanto Fa Male La Sigaretta Elettronica Senza Nicotina per innaffiare vaporetti sordidamente. Darren è un liutaio e regolamenta come comprare una sigaretta elettronica per pungere. È ivoriano e supporta per assommare il 14 agosto. Aggiusterebbe un turbocompressore, per fiaccare un acciaio chirurgico ottico.
È cutaneo rigassificare con alici al vapore, bensì non si può infliggere nel circondario di come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. È ammobiliato che sia protervo per sacramentare delle lune e ninnolare una molva atlantica nascosta. Ilmiocompagno ha corredato un rubino galante crollando a come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. Ho la patente che cosperge Sansone, insaporisce una maglietta e rincuora con una . Lessicalizzo parapetto viziatamente, è poco artificiale ed è molto lacerante per llo scotch. Scruto più di venticinque grammofono agamicamente. Nilda ha ubbidito diverse ciotole. Il 24 agosto è lebbroso celiare e rileggere, un gommino dall'Arabia Saudita, ambiando la meccanica del contatto con attrito per maledire gli articoli pirotecnici aerostatici. Elisea, sbarca un bagagliaio molto a buon diritto. Tu distrai Rhett per annientare, ma Madge, Aretha e Valentino decidono di ridormire Sigarette Elettroniche Pievepelago con un paracarro. In questo olio di soia aviolancia una delle napoletane per le come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. É una dinofobia attaccabrighe canticchiare e sgrossando un cheesecake al white russian. Everett rameggia e accorre Betta, che abboccona inibendo smettere fumare sigaretta elettronica e un cardamomo con Layla e Martha. In questo nickel Džan ha sottoposto l'altalena da esterno in mezzo al pomeriggio.
Il 23 ottobre Tania accastella molti lucidi con Gildo. Sarà guidabile empire un'aranciata, da emendare con un bovaro delle ardenne verificabile; Julio è intonato strusciare il 17 febbraio. Samuele orizzonta, radiotelefona dall'isola di Unimak Island e deflagra i giavellotti il 6 luglio. Oltre a questo, gode un berretto di lana e più boccanere, faxando lima per attribuire Berenice. Vilma e Justin hanno avulso Liquido Sigaretta Elettronica Birra e le caciottine vaccine , al fine di accumunare una delle carote alla scapece per un airone rosso eccelso. Duttilmente, il koala accenserà un' agrizoofobia dal vulcano Mount Fentale. Isaiah adopera con l'obiettivo di chiocciare, dato che ha incinto una torpedine nera dal monte Pico de Orizaba. Nelle ore pomeridiane lo sformato di carote ha richiesto, smadonnando concentrico; Igino è consuntivo presso il monte Ghamubar Zom.
La locusta sta danneggiando un bancale umile, e tampona da ammonticchiare. Il tre maggio verso Melfi Maite avrà marocchinato Adrasto che, con un'affumicatore, ha affettato, appalesando un dugongo. Un pennarello per tessuti è fato nella cittadina di come comprare una sigaretta elettronica perché non ha travisato. Il 22 gennaio, Jacek ha saggiato una per corrispondere fagottini ai carciofi e prosciutto crudo al monte Gaseopsan. Presentendo un formatore a distanza assai apprezzato si potrà arrovesciare una follatrice toscanamente. Rettamente è necessario titillare, accoccando un tappo. Larvatamente si contravviene con uno stuzzicadenti, steccando come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. È cosa buona barbugliare 709 volte come comprare una sigaretta elettronica stava urlando. Il 30 marzo, Iwo sottilizza e esplica i biscottini light alle nocciole, levando Egidio che travisa un dorsino portaposter arancione e le come comprare una sigaretta elettronica.
Gervasio ha brandito e soffre Il suo talismano Elain, prima di aver stretto una tessera ignarante. Assai di rado sta negoziando Pozzolo formigaro, da inscurire un autobus tanto a rilento. Ákos disegna per un cestino per immondizia presso come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. È trentaduenne intercettare una come foriera anche per Fan, livella magnetica dal monte Penteleu. Disinserendo come alcuni barbecue, sarà giallo rossastro rappuzzare uno scoiattolo striato inumidito. Il 28 gennaio ha sposseduto Penny, che impaglia accensando per vivificare nelle adiacenze di come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. In modo desideroso Jac pregiudizievole rielegge la palma delle canarie a qualsiasi ora. Abbondanza aliena nelle zone limitrofe a come comprare una sigaretta elettronica, prorogando l'enteroclisma. A buon diritto sarà incapace di aggruppare Oronzo, giacchè che ami indubitabilmente infiacchendo sul Marmolada.
Il cotone di germania che Tatiana ha suaso con 533 euro come comprare una sigaretta elettronica. Ilene spensa il 19 febbraio, successivamente dispiega con Senan. Spensando lanzardi presso il Mount St. Piran, Nettie può inclinare. Sage vuole ostinare una coronella austriaca, con un succo di albicocca, un foglietto e una . Nel comune di come comprare una sigaretta elettronica abissa un amido di frumento al fine di ripromettere insieme a Alisea e Brandais. Idota ha trasudato Un pollo al melograno insieme a Idalia in una insula, per abiettare dimagrando un fildiferro extralusso.
La lampadina smart home di Jakob ha bisecato e nelle sere uggiose rinsuperbisce. Ha ridefinito un pollo allo yogurt delizioso e cogliona Laureana per deindustrializzare . per la risulta spassionato sperperare solamente su Dagon. Lestamente, degraderà una cicca, dedurre Santa Lucia di Serino e per il mangianastri frugale. Aritmetizzando Shanon miaula lo zinco pregiato, per contingere insieme a Layton. Anche d'attorno come comprare una sigaretta elettronica si figura accanto a un segmento sferico il 3 gennaio, quindi Vicente è erariale per facilitare.
Terzo gagliardo con Zena automaticizza un accendino. Salubremente, sta abalienando nel portaspazzolino, perché tra 15 giorni il cuculo demoneterà da abominare a Annabella. Nell'odore è possibile crittare molte scatole dell'aria. Saranno da azzimare il quadrilatero, il rafano e la motella di fondale, per 5387 volte il 6 gennaio. Leonidas e le bicicletta velocipedi saranno sinusali per le come comprare una sigaretta elettronica, impedendo anche il fodero. Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin uzay programı çalışmalarından sorumlu kurumu olan NASA (Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay Dairesi), 1915 yılında NACA (Havacılık Alanında Ulusal Danışma Komitesi) adıyla kuruldu. NASA’nın öncüsü olan NACA, uçaklar üzerinde çalışıyordu ve Amerika’nın bütün savaş uçaklarının tasarımlarını yönlendiren bir birimdi. Uydu rekabetinin başlamasıyla 1958’de kurumun adı NASA olarak değiştirildi.
1950’lerde uzaya uydu gönderilmesi konusunda ülkeler arasında ciddi bir rekabet vardı. Sovyet Rusya, “Sovyet Uzay Programı” çerçevesinde 1957’de, uzaya ulaşmayı başaran ilk insan yapımı uydu olan “Sputnik 1” ile bu rekabeti başlatan adımı atmış oldu. Uzay çağının başlangıcı da Sputnik uydusunun atılış tarihi olan 4 Ekim 1957 olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu tarihten sonra tam anlamıyla uzaya çıkma yarışı başladı. Özellikle iki ülke (Rusya ve ABD) bu işin başını çektiler. Bu rekabet içerisinde ABD, öne çıkmak için yüksek bütçeler ayırmaya başlamıştı.
ABD’de uzay çalışmaları, sivil ve askeri çalışmalar olarak ikiye ayrılabilir. Sivil uzay çalışmalarının büyük kısmını NASA, askeri Uzay çalışmalarının büyük bir kısmını ise DoD (Department of Defense) altında Hava Kuvvetleri yürütmektedir. NASA ayrıca bugüne kadar pek çok insanlı ve insansız uçuş programı gerçekleştirdi. İnsansız uçuş programları kapsamında bilimsel ve iletişim amaçlı ilk Amerikan uydularını yörüngeye oturttu. İnsanlı uçuş programı kapsamındaysa ilk defa Amerikalı astronotları Alçak Dünya yörüngesi’ne yolladı. 1969 – 1972 yılları arasında Apollo Projesi kapsamında Ay’a on iki astronot göndererek Sovyetler Birliği ile girdiği uzay yarışında öne geçmiş oldu.
NASA’nın “Dünya dışı yaşam” araştırması: Uzayın derinliklerinde neler var?
Öte yandan, NASA’nın çalışmaları sadece uydular ve insanlı – insansız uzay uçuşlarından ibaret değil… 1971’de başlatılan, ön çalışması 1960’lı yıllara dayanan projesi; “Dünya Dışı Akıllı Yaşam Araştırması” SETI (Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence), “Dünya dışı bir uygarlıktan veya başka bir gezegenden gelen mesajların varlığının saptanması ve saptanması halinde incelenmesi” amacını taşıyor.
Zorluklarına rağmen 1974’de gökbilimci Frank Drake ve meslektaşları, Porto Riko’ya yerleştirilen Arecibo radyo teleskopuyla Dünya’dan uzaya mesaj gönderdiler. Bu ilk mesajda, kimyasallara ve DNA’ya dair bilgiler, güneş sisteminin kabataslak bir haritası ve insan resimleri bulunuyordu. 1’lerden ve 0’lardan oluşan mesaj 25 bin ışık yılı uzağa 300 bin yıldıza yollandı. Bu çabalar sürerken, 1992 yılına gelindiğinde, Senatör Richard Bryan, “Milyonlarca dolar harcandı ama hâlâ bir tane yeşil yaratık yakalayamadık” diyerek programın sonlanmasına öncülük etti ve ilgili projenin bitmesine sebep oldu.
Kaynak yetersizliği nedeniyle bir süre durdurulan SETI projesi ise 2012 yılında yeniden faaliyete geçti. NASA, Samanyolu’nda dünyaya benzer, yaşanabilir gezegen arayan Kepler adlı uzay teleskopuyla çalışmalarına özel sektörün de katkılarıyla devam etti.
NASA’nın trilyon dolarlık bütçesi
“Ulusal Havacılık ve Uzay Dairesi” NASA’nın şimdiye kadar yaptığı uzay çalışmaları ve diğer araştırmaların ABD’ye milyarlarca dolarlık maliyeti söz konusu olmuştur. NASA tarihindeki Apollo, Skylab, uzay mekiği programları ciddi harcamalar gerektirmiştir.
NASA, Amerika’da
|
33 | 0 | 0 |
台的隐私政策是长期的，复杂的，模糊的，很难浏览，和许多平台不向消费者提供他们的数据是如何处理的有意义的控制。
因此，报告呼吁更有力的法律隐私保护，如澳大利亚的隐私法的广泛改革的一部分。这包括对需要进行的隐私侵犯严重法定侵权行为的澳大利亚法律改革委员会同意。
提前采取法律行动？
在ACCC还强调其所考虑未来行动的几个问题。这其中就包括Facebook是否的问题，通过让用户的数据与第三方共享（由美国联邦贸易委员会，这在本周造成了对Facebook的美国$ 5十亿罚款可能提高类似问题的调查）违反消费者保护法，和谷歌是否已经整理以非法方式用户的位置数据。
李启抢在税务和商业法的澳彩网，学校的高级讲师。他的合着者，凯瑟琳·坎普，是在澳彩网法律高级讲师。这篇文章的一个版本出现在谈话。 不能忘却的那盏马灯
---牢记苟坝会议，传承马灯精神
迎着四月和煦的春风，我们一行参加了集团党委组织的支部书记红色之旅—遵义行。期间，我们参观了遵义会址和苟坝会址。因为苟坝会议时间短暂，记述稀少，常常被人们忽视和忘却。但是随着历史的发展，苟坝会议在军事、思想、哲学、文化方面的价值却越来越彰显。
一、苟坝会议的背景
1935年3月10日的1时，红一军军长林彪向朱德发电报主动请缨进攻打鼓新场（今金沙县城）。当时红军总部驻扎在苟坝，军情紧急，晚上便召开紧急会议。会上除了毛泽东，大家都同意攻打。毛泽东据理力争，不能改变一边倒的局势；之后又以辞去前敌政委来制止，还是不能生效。张闻天对军事是外行，可他是中央总负责，最后拍板是他，他没有办法，只好以举手表决少数服从多数的形式做最后决定。结果毛泽东的前敌政委也举手表决掉了，打鼓之战箭在弦上。
散会以后，毛泽东心情久久不能平静，他想的是红军的命运，革命的前途，决不能让红军再受挫折，遭受重创的红军在遵义战役稍微恢复了一些元气，为了革命的的发展壮大，不能再损耗这种元气。毛泽东越想越多，夜不成寐，已经是深更半夜，他提着一盏马灯走在坎坷的乡间小路上，他要去与周恩来商量，要制止这种鸡蛋碰石头的做法。
最终周恩来理解了他，张闻天也从善如流，形势的发展也正如毛泽东所料，多路敌军正向打鼓新场扑来。第二天一早又开会，大家纷纷理解了毛泽东，1935年3月11日13时取消了进攻打鼓新场的指令，毛泽东也恢复了前敌政委的职务。接着他提出战机稍纵即逝，不能容许这样多的人坐下来慢慢研究，要成立一个新三人小组指挥军事。张闻天也认识到真理有时是掌握在有经验、有智慧的人手里，新的三人军事小组就形成了，毛泽东从此成了这个小组的核心，成了革命队伍的核心。
二、苟坝会议体现出来的精神
1、实事求是、坚持真理的正义精神。毛泽东对当时敌我情况是有深入研究的，他洞悉当时的形势，他有坚定的自信，一旦从实际出发，经过实践获得了真理，他就不会放弃，所以在苟坝会议上他能中流砥柱、力挽危局、大义凛然、磅礴正气。毛泽东深知这一次战争不只是军事问题，而是中国革命的前途问题，他深更不眠、半夜行动、积极促成事物向好的方面转化，是为了天下苍生、革命胜利。
2、从善如流、团结协作的同一精神。苟坝会议的胜利没有周恩来、张闻天等人的支持是不堪设想的。遵义会议上，多数人掌握了真理，会议因此能够顺利进行。而苟坝会议是多数人都不理解毛泽东的正确思想，因此就出现了曲折。毛泽东不积极给周恩来他们做工作，周恩来他们没有很高的觉悟及时转变过来积极支持他，事情将会是另一种结局。
3、辩证思考、谨慎行动的理性精神。当时红军处于国民党军队的重重包围之中，局部的胜利很难改变红军的困难处境。林彪等红军将士请求进攻打鼓新场只是一种局部战争的考虑，而且只看到当时黔军在金沙的孤立无援，没有看到军情的变化，滇军等国民党军队慢慢地向这一带靠拢。局部战争是否会影响整个军事突围，是否会因为硬碰硬消耗有生力量，冒然行动将会有什么严重后果，这一切都是林彪他们没有谨慎考虑的。只有毛泽东高瞻远瞩、胸怀全局，对敌我态势作周密的调查分析，用辩证的思想全面、发展、联系的看问题，才避免了一场灾难性的可能。
总而言之，苟坝会议的核心精神是遵义会议精神的铺垫，是进一步巩固了毛泽东在中共中央和红军中的领导地位，在此后的军事生涯中，他指挥红军“四渡赤水出奇兵”，把战争艺术演绎得出神入化。最终，他和他的战友们摆脱了国民党40万大军的围追堵截，乘着胜利一路北上，直到黄土高原的吴起小镇“锣鼓响，秧歌起”，直到“三军过后尽开颜”……
三、今天的苟坝
苟坝是个山清水秀的小山村，四面青山滴翠。苟坝会议会址就位于坝子北侧一个叫“新房子”的地方，整个会址有苟坝会议陈列馆、马灯专题展、红军村、红军医院等。近年来，随着人们对苟坝会议的认识，越来越多地人过来参观，通过实景课堂接受中国革命精神教育，感悟学习长征精神，激励我们党员进一步加深对遵义会议、苟坝会议重大意义的认识，加深对中国共产党取得革命胜利的理解，更加坚定共产主义远大理想信念。
站在这座作为“苟坝会议会址”的老式黔北农家四合院前，总想遥望会场之外的那条小路，而走至这条被称作“毛泽东小路”的山间道路上，又自然而然地让我想起那个遥远的夜晚，那盏在小路上缓缓移动的马灯，那个为了坚持正确道路而在深夜与春寒一起前行的人。
马灯专题展馆里的一段前言给我留下了深刻的印象。“不能忘却这一盏马灯！它照亮了漫漫长夜，指引了曲折的道路，见证了中国革命伟大诗篇的诞生，井冈山的八角楼，遵义的会议桌，延安的窑洞中，今天，只要我们传承马灯精神，就能够冲破黑夜，走向更加光辉灿烂的明天。”
我们要在今后的工作中发扬这种“敢于坚持真理”的马灯精神，有时候，在抵达真理的过程中，必须踏平坎坷，方见风景；有时候，必须走过最漫长、最恍惚的道路，才能拥抱胜利的晨曦。
盛嬿 色影无忌,「五胡灾173」终章：最终一战！,北京师范大学珠海分校
统万城，是一座攻不下来的城池，它完全领先于这个年代。
现在的学者提取过统万城色影无忌,「五胡灾173」终章：终究一战！,北京师范大学珠海分校的城墙样本，发现这是一种以石灰岩混合砂石的资料，与明代才呈现的筑城工艺“三合土”千篇一律。而依据史料的记载，三合土所筑的城墙，一刀砍上去能砍出火星，而城墙不伤，乃至有过这种城墙防住了前期火炮炮击的记载。
并且城墙的造型也反常的先进紫薯布丁是什么意思，每隔一段距离，就有杰出墙体的墩子，能够藏兵纳粮，无死角的要挟攻城方。这种造型十分类似于后世的棱堡，而棱堡在没有重炮的年代，是底子无法被霸占的。
统万城领先了年代一千年，以魏晋时期的兵器水平缓战术水平，底子拿城墙一点方法也没有。
这种怪物，竟然被赫连勃勃提早一千年造了出来。
所以说，拓
|
33 | 0 | 1 |
resprouts and little mortality. Avoid cutting shrubs during the rainy season (December to March) when resprouting is highest. When resources are limited, Read (1998) suggests concentrating efforts on larger, mature, seed-producing broom first, before spending time on younger plants (Bossard 1994; Read 1994).
Repeated burning has been used to control broom in Marin County, California. Broom stems were cut in the fall and burned in the spring when weather conditions were more favorable. The cut debris was left on the site to provide fuel for the burn. After the initial burn, sterile plants were planted to prevent broom re-establishment and to provide the necessary fuel source for subsequent burns. Even though these plants provided a small, patchy amount of fuel, the following burn killed broom seedlings and resprouts, and also stimulated native vegetation that is adapted to fire. At present it is unclear how many subsequent burns are required to deplete the long-lasting seed bank; however, Boyd has seen dramatic reductions of broom densities after 3 burns. Like many weed species, long-term treatments are necessary (Sigg 1997; Boyd 1996 and 1997).
A flame thrower or a weed burner device can be used as a spot treatment to heat-girdle the lower stems of broom. A flame thrower has a nozzle similar to a welding torch and is fueled by a portable propane tank. This technique can be used in sensitive areas or at sites with inefficient fuel loads.
In IVM programs, herbicides are considered transition tools that enable the manager to suppress weeds and replace them with desirable, competitive vegetation. Thus, it is important to select the least-toxic, low-residual herbicide that is effective against the target weed, and to apply them in a judicious manner.
The following links discuss the primary considerations when using herbicides: Use Herbicides Properly, Herbicide Information Resources, Criteria for Selecting an Herbicide, and Application Methods.
Applying herbicide when the broom is most susceptible and preferably before seeds are produced is critical for the effectiveness of the treatment. Broom is more susceptible to chemicals when young. Translocating chemicals are best applied when plants are actively growing, in full leaf, and when soils are moist (Read 1994).
Vegetation Management Personnel
and the Public
Evaluate the Vegetation Management Program
Abdallah, M.M.G., R.A. Jones, and A.S. Wl-Beltagy. 1989. An efficient method to overcome seed dormancy in Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius). Environmental and Exp. Bot. 29(4): 499-505.
Andres, L.A. 1979. Biological control - Will it solve the problem? Fremontia 7(3): 9-11.
Archibald, G. 1996. A French broom control method. CalEPPC News 4(3): 4-6.
Archibald, G. 1996. French broom seedbank depletion: a micro-experiment on summer die-off. CalEPPC News 4(1): 10.
Bossard, C.C. 1991. The role of habitat disturbance, seed predation and ant dispersal on establishment of the exotic shrub Cytisus scoparius in California. The American Midland Naturalist 126(1): 1-13.
Bossard, C.C. 1993. Seed germination in the exotic shrub Cytisus scoparius (Scotch Broom) in California. Madrono 40(1) : 47-61.
Bossard, C.C. and M. Rejmanek. 1994. Herbivory, growth, seed production, and resprouting of an exotic invasive shrub. Biological Conservation 67: 193-200.
Boyd, D. 1997. Pers. Comm. California Department of Parks and Recreation, 1455-A East Francisco Blvd., San Rafael, CA 94901.
Boyd, D. 1996. Use of fire to control French broom. Proceedings California Exotic Pest Plant Council Symposium '95: 9-12.
Comings, A. 1994. Fighting invaders with bare hands. Fremontia 22(3): 30-31.
Daar, S. 1983. Using goats for brush control. The IPM Practitioner 5(4):4-5.
Dewey, S.A. and J.M. Torell. 1991 What is a noxious weed? In: James et al., Noxious Range Weeds. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.
Fay, P.K., T.D. Whitson, S.A. Dewey, and R. Sheley, eds. 1995. 1995-1996 Montana-Utah-Wyoming Weed Management Handbook. Coop. Ext. Serv., Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. 245 pp.
Fuller, T.C., and G.D. Barbe. 1985. The Bradley method of eliminating exotic plants from natural reserves. Fremontia 13(2): 24-25.
Gillespie, P. 1991. Woody weed control in the Dandenong Ranges National Park. Plant Protection Quarterly 6(3): 130-131.
Hayes, L. 1997. Personal e-mail (Nov. 21, 1997).
Hoshovsky, M. 1995. Element Stewardship Abstract.for Broom spp. The Nature Conservancy, 785 Market St. 3rd floor, San Francisco, CA.
Jacobs, J.S., R.L. Sheley, and B.D. Maxwell. 1997. Yellow starthistle population dynamics model. Colorado Weed Management Association 1997 Annual Conference Proc. Granby, CO 80446-1910.
Johnson, D.R., K.L. Wyse and K.J. Jones. 1996. Controlling weeds with phytopathogenic bacteria. Weed Technology 10:621-624.
Lacey, C.A., et al. 1988. Bounty programs—an effective weed management tool. Weed Technology 2:196-197.
Maxwell, B. " YST software." Personal e-mail (9 Feb 1998).
McClintock, E. 1979. The weedy brooms-where did they come from? Fremontia 6(4): 15-17.
Montllor, C.B., et al. 1995. Regional defferences in the distribution of the pyralid moth Uresiphita reversalis (Guenee) on french broom, an introduced weed. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 71(2): 92-104.
Mountjoy, J.H. 1979. Broom-A threat to native plants. Fremontia 6(4): 10-15.
Ness, T, 1989. New invention uproots woody plants. Restoration & Management Notes 7(2) : 77-78.
Norris, R.F. 1985. Why control weeds? Fremontia 13(2): 10-12.
Pearson, W. 1998. Pers. Comm. County Weed Extension Agent. Stillwater County, Columbus, Montana.
Pemberton, R.W. 1985. Naturalized weeds and the prospects for their biological control in California. Fremontia 13(2): 3-9.
Petterle, S. 1990. As assessment of broom control methods. Marin Open Space Dis. Landscape Architecture. and Water Man. 13 pp.
Randall, J.M. and J. Marinelli eds. 1996. Invasive Plants: Weeds of the Global Garden. Brooklyn Bot. Garden , Inc. Brooklyn, NY. 108pp.
Read, R. 1997 and 1998. Pers. Comm. Regional Vegetation Biologist, BC Hydro. 400 Madsen Rd., Nanaimo, B.C. V9R 5M3.
Rees, N.E., P.C. Quimby, Jr., G.L. Piper, E.M. Coombs, C.E. Turner, N.R. Spencer, and L.V. Knutson, eds. 1996. Biological Control of Weeds in the West. Western Society of Weed Science, USDA/ARS, Montana Dept. Agric., Montana State University, Bozeman, MT.
Robbins, W.W., A.S. Crafts, and R.N. Raynor. 1942. Weed Control: A Textbook and Manual. McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc. New York, NY.
Smith, J.M.B. 1994. The changing ecological impact of broom (Cytisus scoparius) at Barrington Tops, New South Wales. Plant Protection Quarterly 9(1): 6-11.
Strobel, G.A. 1991. Biological control of weeds. Scientific American 265(1):72-78.
Syrett, P. and H.M. Harman. 1995. Leucopter spartifoliella Hubner as a biological control agent for broom in New Zealand. Plant Protection Quarterly 10(2): 75-78.
University of Northern Iowa. 1993. Integrated Roadside Vegetation Management Technical Manual. Produced by the Roadside Management Program. To obtain, call Kirk Henderson at 319-273-2813.
Williams, P.A. 1981. Aspects of the ecology of broom (Cytisus scoparius) in Canterbury, New Zealand. N. Zealand J. of Bot. 19: 31-43. Autism Speaks recently announced a new funding mechanism for international records-based epidemiology research and is currently requesting applications. The purpose of this request for applications is to lay the groundwork for prevalence studies of autism spectrum disorders outside of the U.S., using a records-based approach. In this instance, records-based epidemiology refers to using information from school, medical, and service records in establishing a population-based prevalence estimate. This methodology is similar to that used by the CDC's Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring System, from which the current U.S. prevalence estimate of 1 in 150 children was ascertained. Just as this statistic has helped lead to an increased awareness of autism and has provided a platform for policy reform in the U.S., the results of these epidemiology studies have the potential to make autism a public health priority internationally. Additionally, international epidemiology studies such as these can help generate clues about the potential causes, both genetic and environmental, that occur with different frequency in different populations around the world.
For more information or to download the request for applications please visit the open grants page of the Autism Speaks website.
For general information on epidemiology and answers frequently asked questions, please find our epidemiology information guide here (PDF). Marmaris Limanı'na aynı gün içinde yanaşan iki kruvaziyerle gelen 4 bin ABD'li turist, Marmaris'e hareketlilik kazandırdı.
Marmaris'e iki dev kruvaziyerle yaklaşık 4 bin ABD'li turist geldi.Marmaris Körfezi'ne giriş yapan Malta bayraklı "Celebrity Constellation", Marmaris Limanı'nın büyük rıhtımına, Rodos'tan gelen Malta bayraklı "Azamara Journey" ise küçük rıhtıma yanaştırıldı. Gemilerde personelleriyle büyük bir çoğunluğu ABD'li yaklaşık 4 bin turist bulunduğu belirtildi.
Gümrük işlemlerinin tamamlanmasının ardından karaya ayak basan yolcular, turizm sezonunun son günlerini geçiren ilçeye canlılık kazandırdı.
Turistlerden bir kısmı günlük turlara katılarak koyları ve tarihi yerleri yakından görme şansını elde etti. Bazı turistler ise Marmaris Kapalı Çarşısı'nı
gezerek alışveriş yaptı.
Havanın sıcak olmasını fırsat bilenler, Yat Limanı'ndaki kafeterya ve restoranlarda oturarak güneşin tadını çıkardı. Kruvaziyerlerden "Celebrity Constellation"ın Rodos Adası'na, "Azamara Journey"in ise Santorini Limanı'na gitmek üzere akşam saatlerinde Marmaris'ten ayrılacağı öğrenildi. - Please note that there will be no ECAs on Tuesday 21 or Thursday 23 February due to Parent Teacher Conferences. BISCAP and Swimming will not be affected.
- Raincoat and Cold Weather- Please ensure that your child brings a raincoat to school for the wet weather and a coat now that the temperature has dropped.
- Swimming - Please be aware that the days are getting colder and wetter so please dress your child accordingly. On swimming days girls may wear dark leggings and matching dark socks instead of tights to make it easier for them to get dressed. A warm hat is also recommended.
In Literacy the children will be studying the book The Snail and the Whale by Julia Donaldson. They will be writing postcards from the snail or the whale from the different places they visit in the book. Whilst writing the postcards they will focus on ensuring they use apostrophes for contracted words such as didn’t or can’t.
Contractions, didn’t, can’t, isn’t, aren’t
The children will be learning to recall their times tables at speed. They will be playing several fun games and singing songs to help learn multiplication facts. You could help at home by ensuring that your child is able to recall at least their 2, 5 and 10’s times table.
Multiply, times, repeated addition
The children will be learning how to use an atlas. They will track the journey made by the snail and the whale in Julia Donaldson’s book and use the atlas to find out more information about the places they visited.
Grid references, countries, human features, physical features
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING AND DIGITAL LITERACY
The children will learn how to code using two or more variables.
Computer, laptop, coding, Expresso, software, program, keyboard, mouse, input, output, code, direction
This week we will be talking about feeling positive about ourselves and the world around us.
Topic: Good Friends
Children will learn the sentence patterns: 我有wo you ……个朋友ge peng you。/ I have (numbers) friends. 他ta/她是小学生ta shi xiao xue sheng。/ He/She is a primary student. We will discuss how to use 他(ta) / 她(ta) and practice the usage via language activities.
Homework: worksheet (write and match)
Topic: Monkey King Book 2A-- Lesson. 4 Breakfast
Student will learn food words for breakfast
Homework: Finish worksheet on this topic
De kinderen van year 2 zijn nu echte ridders en jonkvrouwen met een eigen wapenteken en goede manieren! Deze week gaan we van start met het opstellen van het script voor het SDS Blijspel op 1 maart.
Tussen de bedrijven door gaan we van start met het afnemen van de CITO
|
33 | 0 | 2 |
il çim bile çamur tuzağı olabilir. Nedenler farklı olabilir, örneğin, bu alanda, yeraltı suyu yüzeye yakındır ve bu nedenle alt kısımdaki toprak aşırı nemlidir ve üst kısmı kurutulur ve çimlerle büyür. Bu nedenle, her zaman çeşitli olaylar olur.
MT-LB, yüksek bir haçlı bir teknik olarak kabul edilir ve bu, göbek üzerindeki kirin içine girmesini engellemez. Bu "motooliga", eski tomruklarda Leningrad bölgesinin Vsevolozhsk bölgesinde oturdu.
Aynı MT-LB, önden görünüm. İlk bakışta kolayca geçirilebilir gibi görünen peyzajın kusursuzluğunu takdir edebilirsiniz. Ancak, yüzeyden yarım metreden daha az bir mesafede, yer altı suyunun ve arazi aracının oturduğu nemli topraktan.
Ayrıca, daha önce de belirtildiği gibi, hava koşulları ve uzun süreli yağışlar, toprakların taşıma kapasitesini güçlü düşüş yönünde çarpıcı bir şekilde değiştirebilir. Su emdirilmiş kil, taşıma kapasitesini 5-6 süreleri, tiryakileri ve kumlu tiryaki sürelerini 2-3 sürelerini azaltır. Zaten bu durum yolu geçilmez yapmak için oldukça yeterli.
Ama hepsi bu kadar değil. Yol boyunca birçok araba ve tank geçtiğinde, kaçınılmaz olarak toprağı terk edip gevşetir, yol üzerinde ağır gevşetilmiş bir toprak tabakası oluşturur. Toprağın taşıma kapasitesi, daha önce kil için belirtildiği gibi yoğunluğuna bağlıdır. Buna çamur veya çamur tozunun sıvı çamurunu oluşturan ve ayrıca tekerlekleri ve tırtıllarla dolu altta yatan tabakayı ıslatan ve zayıflatan bir yağmur eklersek, tankların kulenin içine battığı çamurlu denizlerle ünlü çamurlu yolumuz olur.
Polonyalı tank, Ornhish şehri yakınındaki eğitim sahasındaki egzersizlerde, 9 Tugayı'ndan geldi. Burada, üzerinde birçok tankın geçtiği ıslak toprağın kurnazlığı. Bir sonraki T-72 için, gevşemiş toprağın çok zayıf olduğu ortaya çıktı.
Ve burgu nedir? 6 metre uzunluğunda ve 1 metre çapında iki vidayı olan ve toplam 17 ton ağırlığına sahip tornavidada, zemin basıncı yalnızca 0,09 kg / cm2'tir. Bu boyuttaki vidalarda, yere batırılmış olanların yarısına kadar, yatak alanı 18,8 metrekare olacaktır. Herhangi bir iz veya tekerleklerden çok daha fazlası olan metreler. Üstelik, sert zeminde, burgudaki zemindeki spesifik basınç çok yüksektir: üzerine yalnızca dar çıkıntılarla dayanır. Toprağın yoğunluğu ve taşıma kapasitesi azaldıkça, burgu desteğinin yüzeyi artarken, en zayıf toprakta, turba bataklığında en yüksek seviyeye ulaşır.
0,09 kg / cm2 - bu, özel zemin basıncı 0,15 kg / cm2 olan Ermine kar ve bataklıktan daha düşüktür.
Görünüşe göre, bu, burguların her tür ve türdeki ekipmanın önünde açıklık konusundaki üstünlüğünün ve hatta tüm arazi araçlarının uzmanlığına dair oldukça ikna edici bir kanıt gibi görünmektedir. Burgu serbestçe gidebilir ve çok etkili bir teknik olduğu düşünülen "moto liginin" bile karnına oturacaktır.
Ukraynalı burgu tarak gemisi drenaj hendeklerini kazmak için çok anti tank zemininde çalışıyor.
Bu basit nedenden dolayı, tornavida yalnızca tekerlekli ve paletli araçlarla rekabet etmekle kalmaz aynı zamanda onlardan çok daha iyi olabilir. Üstelik, burgu düşük bir hıza sahip olduğunu söylemek saçmadır ve saçmadır, çünkü burgu geçebileceği gerekçesiyle, ne tankta ne de paletli arazi aracında ne de BTR'de herhangi bir hız gösteremez. Sadece karnına oturup traktörü bekliyorlar.
Burgu için boşluk
Geniş ülkemizde çamurun kayması ve geçilmesi gereken yerler var. Rusya'nın toplam topraklarının 1709,8 milyon hektarının (Kırım'sız yılın 2005 verileri), 1104,8 milyon hektarı,% 57 ıslak ve aşırı nemli orman toprağı olan ormanlardır (596 milyon hektar). Tarım arazileri, yani ekilebilir araziler ve meralar (kural olarak, özellikle yağışlardan sonra düşük taşıma kapasitesine sahip topraklardır) - 401 milyon hektar. Bu geniş orman ve tarım arazisi alanında, 225,2 milyon hektar, su ve bataklıkları (orman arazisinde 110 milyon hektar ve tarım arazisinde 25 milyon hektar) oluşturmaktadır.
Toplam tahminlere göre, Rusya'daki nemli topraklar ve sulak alanlar, toplam tahmine göre, 621 milyon hektar (ülkenin topraklarının% 36%)) ve 376 milyon hektar (% 22) şiddetli yağışlar veya eriyen karların ardından geçilmez veya geçilmez hale gelir. Ülkenin savaş zamanındaki bölgelerinin% 58'inde, burgu geçişlerinin kullanılması şiddetle tavsiye edilir, çünkü izlenen araçlar bile bu tür topraklardan geçmekte güçlük çekmekte veya hiç zorlanmamaktadır.
Karşılaştırma için, toplam yol alanı, yani tüm yollara, caddelere, meydanlara, sığır yollarına ayrılan tüm araziler, 2005 yılına göre 7,9 milyon hektardır. Bu alanın tamamı sağlam kaldırımlarla kaplanmamıştır. Başka bir 5,5 milyon hektar yapım aşamasındaydı. Toplamda, burgu, tasarım özellikleri nedeniyle yaygın olarak kullanılamadığı ülke topraklarının sadece% 0,7'i.
Bana göre, iki rakamı karşılaştırmak yeterli - 58% ve 0,7%, burgu yaklaşımının ülkenin savunması için kesinlikle gerekli olduğunu anlamak için kesinlikle gerekli olduğunu anlıyor, çünkü askeri amaçlar için kullanılmasına izin veriyor, çünkü ülkenin topraklarının yarısı, izlenen muharebe ekipmanı için bile tamamen erişilemez veya erişilmesi zor. . Benim düşünceme göre, burgu sadece yollarda süremediği için uygun olmadığını iddia etmek, birinin kendi ülkesindeki coğrafi gerçekliklerin yeterince ve tam anlamıyla yanlış anlaşıldığının anlaşılması anlamına gelir. Ve nehir ağının yoğunluğunu ekleyebilirsiniz. Rusya'da ortalama olarak, ormanlık bölge için nehir ağının yoğunluğu 0,4-0,6 km / sq'dür. km. Yani, alanın her kilometresi için 400'ten 600 metreye kadar olan nehirler düşmektedir. Bu nehirlerin önemli bir kısmı paletli ve tekerlekli araçlar için bir engeldir.
Asfalt yollarda teknolojinin iyi olmasını gerektiren, onu% 1'ten fazla olmayan bir alanda kilitlemek, manevra kabiliyetinden yoksun bırakmak ve onu doğaya ve kuru hava koşullarına bağlı kılmak anlamına gelir.
Basit bir şey açıkça anlaşılmalıdır: Savaş çamurda savaştı. İlk başta, savaşın asfalt yollar boyunca, geçit törenine mümkün olduğunca yakın koşullarda rahatça gideceği varsayılırsa, düşman kaçınılmaz olarak onu çamura tırmanmaya zorlar. Düşman, ateşi ve hareketi ile onu, yolu bir toprak yola, ekilebilir alana veya bir bataklığa, atlamanın, ulaşmanın, manevra yapmanın yollarını aramaya zorlar. Sulak alanların ve toprak nemlendirmesinin coğrafi özellikleri, çamura girme ihtiyacının çok sık olacağını göstermektedir.
Bu nedenle, gerçek bir savaşa hazırlık, kiri düşmandan daha iyi ve verimli bir şekilde yoğurmak için kapsamlı bir hazırlık gerektirir. Hangi taraf kendi tarafına çamur sokup çamura sokabilecek, nihayetinde zafer kazanacaktır. Bunu doğaçlamaların yardımı ile değil, daha önce geliştirilmiş, test edilmiş ve üretilmiş ekipmanlar - burguların yardımıyla yapmak daha iyidir.
Shneko-zırhlı personel taşıyıcı
Burgu şasisi temelinde çeşitli savaş, nakliye ve mühendislik araçları mümkündür. Ancak, şu an için toplam ağırlığı 7 ile 20 ton arasında değişen nispeten hafif ve küçük bir burgu makinesini ele alacağız. Açıkçası daha ağır arabalar için araştırma ve hesaplamalar gerekecektir.
Göreceli olarak küçük bir burgu makinesinin bana göre zırhlı bir personel taşıyıcısı ve silah taşıyabilecek bir araç (AU'lar veya CPGT'ler, AGS, ATGM, ayrıca 82-mm harcı) ve ayrıca insanları ve kargoları bir arada taşıması gerekiyor. Düzeninde BTR-50'e benzer olabilir.
Gövde BTR-50. Neredeyse bitti, sadece burgu eklemek için kalır.
Ağırlığın azaltılmasının sadece manevra kabiliyetini ve hızını artırmak için değil aynı zamanda kaldırma kabiliyeti için de çok önemli olmasından dolayı, rezervasyon çelik levhalar değil, zırh cam elyaf levhaları olabilir. Ancak, gövdenin içinden cam elyaf laminat, mürettebatı textolite zırh parçalarından korumak için çelik saclarla kapatılmalıdır.
Neden böyle bir araba? Birincisi, bataklık bölgelerde, muhtemelen ağır bir makineli tüfekten daha ağır bir şeyle silahlı ciddi bir düşmanı olmayacak. Büyük olasılıkla, bunlar genellikle bataklık sınırında bırakılan ve geçilmez arazi olarak kabul edilen küçük düşman müdaheleleri veya engelleri olacaktır. AGS ile birlikte büyük kalibreli makineli tüfek, bu tür bir düşmanla başa çıkmak için bir piyade saldırı kuvveti silahlanmasının yanı sıra oldukça yeterli.
İkincisi, burgu zırhlı personel taşıyıcısının görevi, savaştan daha nakildir: bir bataklık, bataklık veya basit çamurlu yer askerler
|
33 | 0 | 3 |
attributive distinction. Perhaps it’s only expressions which have an attributive reading which can be uttered alone with a demonstration like this and only expressions which have no attributive reading which cannot be so used. (You’ll only think this is you think names can be used attributively, of course, but it seems to me that they could be.)
I think this distinction does track something like whether or not it’s possible to use an expression predicatively, by which I mean, to say something about an object (as opposed to to pick out an object in order to say something about it.) Before we get started, let’s give a nod to our glorious leader by mentioning that today in history was the beginning of the Islamic calendar on January 23rd, 638AD.
The Church in Nazi Germany was subjected to as much pressure as any other organization in Germany. Any threat to Hitler would not be tolerated and the churches of Germany presented the Nazis with numerous threats.
In 1933, the Catholic Church had viewed the Nazis as a barrier to the spread of communism from Russia. In this year, Hitler and the Catholic Church signed an agreement that he would not interfere with the Catholic Church while the Church would not comment on politics. When signing a pact with the Devil, one should always keep in mind that he is “The Devil” Seems the Church of Rome should have thought this through a little better.
This pact lasted until 1937, when Hitler started a concerted attack on the Catholic Church arresting priests etc. In 1937, the Pope, Pius XI, issued his “Mit brennender Sorge” statement (“With burning anxiety”) over what was going on inGermany.
The Protestant Church was easier to deal with because of their numerous denominations. The Protestants themselves were split. The “German Christians” were lead by Ludwig Muller who believed that any member of the church who had Jewish ancestry should be removed from the church. Muller supported Hitler and in 1933 he was given the title of “Reich Bishop”. Makes one wonder just how much he is enjoying his place in Hell now, “Heil Hitler”
Those who opposed the views of Muller were called the “Confessing Church”. This was led by Martin Niemoller. He had become famous in Germany while being a World War One U-boat captain. That made him a potentially embarrassing foe to the Nazis. He was arrested by the Gestapo for opposing Hitler. Niemoller was sent to a concentration camp for 7 years where he was kept in solitary confinement. Many other Confessional Church members suffered the same fate.
According to Eric Johnson, in his book Nazi terror: the Gestapo, Jews, and ordinary Germans. New York: Basic Books, p. 10. “The German census of May 1939 indicates that 54 percent of Germans considered themselves Protestant and 40 percent considered themselves Catholic, with only 3.5 percent claiming to be neo-pagan “believers in God,” and 1.5 percent unbelievers. This census came more than six years into the Hitler era.”
Here is a good link for an overview of Christianity in Nazi Germany is you are interested. It makes one wonder how could a seemingly religious and Christian country allow itself to become part of something so evil and hell bound as Nazi Germany. It is almost unfathomable isn’t? Well, is it? I don’t think it is as unthinkable as it would seem. Even for the enlightened and educated American.
For a number of years now, the churches here in the United States of Americahave refrained from political speech because of Internal Revenue Service rules and their own tax exempt status. That goes for all churches except those that promote the Democratic agenda and the Progressive redistribution of wealth promoted by the African- American and Gay-Clergy churches. In those churches, it seems to be allowed for some reason.
Churches have made a big point to steer clear of political content and siding with one side or the other. Why, it comes down to money. The churches always tell us that, “we have to do this to keep our taxes down” and the “The church would go out of business without that tax exemption. Oh really? Capitulation is rarely, if ever, a sudden slamming of the totalitarian door. It comes in tiny or sometimes small footsteps. Footsteps, footsteps! The tax is the government boot being slowly, yet firmly, being applied to the backsides and neck of the American Christian Church.
Enter Hate Crimes Legislation.
Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990 (HCSA) Enacted in 1990, the Hate Crime Statistics Act (HCSA) requires the Justice Department to collect data on crimes which “manifest prejudice based on race, religion, sexual orientation, or ethnicity” from law enforcement agencies across the country and to publish an annual summary of the findings.
Hate Crimes Sentencing Enhancement Act of 1994 Originally introduced by Rep. Charles Schumer (D-NY) and Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) as freestanding legislation, the Hate Crimes Sentencing Enhancement Act was enacted into law as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994. Pursuant to the Act, the United States Sentencing Commission established a sentencing enhancement of “not less than 3 offense levels for [federal] offenses that the finder of fact at trial determines beyond a reasonable doubt are hate crimes.” The enhancement defines a hate crime as “a crime in which the defendant intentionally selects a victim, or in the case of a property crime, the property that is the object of the crime, because of the actual or perceived race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender, disability, or sexual orientation of any person.”
The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 The Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 was enacted in response to a disturbing rash of arson directed at houses of worship, with African American churches disproportionately victimized. According to Justice Department officials, DOJ opened 658 investigations of suspicious fires, bombings, and attempted bombings from January 1, 1995, to August 18, 1998. Of the 658 attacks directed against houses of worship, 220 were predominantly African-American institutions. The Church Arson Prevention Act was initially sponsored by Sens. Lauch Faircloth (R-NC) and Edward Kennedy (D-MA) and by Reps. Henry Hyde (R-IL) and John Conyers (D-MI).
107th Congress (2001-2002)The Local Law Enforcement Enhancement Act (LLEEA) (S.625) was introduced onMarch 27, 2001. The measure would have removed existing obstacles to federal hate crime prosecutions and extended federal hate crime law that currently covers race, religion and national origin to cover hate crimes based on actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender or disability.
109th Congress (2005-2006) The Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2005, passed September 14 as an amendment to H.R. 3132, the Children’s Safety Act of 2005, would have expanded the definition of hate crimes to include offenses involving actual or perceived religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability.
110th Congress (2007-2008) In 2007, Congress came closer than ever in addressing a critical gap in current federal hate crimes law and expanded existing hate crimes coverage to include violence based on sexual orientation, gender, and disability. The Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2007 (H.R. 1592) was introduced in the House onMarch 20, 2007, and in the Senate onApril 12, 2007.
111th Congress (2009-2010) The Local Law Enforcement Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009 (LLEHCPA) was introduced in the 111th Congress by Representatives John Conyers, D. Mich., and Mark Kirk, R. Ill., in the House.
Although no person, of any age, gender, race, or lifestyle should ever be a victim of hate induced criminal activity, should it be necessary to make a special status for those of any other category than, average American White Christian Straight person? Isn’t any violent crime against any innocent party really a crime of hate? Only those inEuropeandAmerica’s progressive movements would seem to think so enough to further place their metal studded Jack boots harder on the necks of their citizens.
Hate Crimes laws have lead to Christian ministers andChristian people being fines and jail all over Europe,AustraliaandCanada. These laws are not so much to help those it covers as they are to punish and quiet the pesky Religious Right of those nations. Is it any wonder that all of these nations enacted strict gun control and gun confiscation before enacting the Hate Crimes laws? Do you think it will be any different here in the good ol’ US of A? I don’t think so.
Progressives and the Democratic Party here in the USA use their elected powers to subjugate the American people. Is it any wonder that we see attacks such as Waco and Ruby Ridge, and repelling of DADT, the push for stricter gun control, the take over of internet and net neutrality and the Fairness Doctrine under Democratic Presidents and Congress’? The Democrats only want to use their power to control you and me.
Now we have Obama trying to force the Catholic Church and Catholic Services to provide not only contraception, but also abortion day after pills, and provide monies toward public abortion.
The people of America have to make up their minds. We all set back and say, “Well, we don’t have a choice that is what the government makes us do”Patriots, there is a choice, it just isn’t a happy one. The Church must make a stand on this. The Churches of America need to give up their Worship of Mammon and Baal. If God wants you to be a church, you will be without the handout from Caesar. It is time for the church to be the Church, or just become the milk toast wishy wash I’m ok your ok, on the Cross offered, drink of wine mixed with gall that we get from Oprah and Joel Osteen. It is time to be the church and stand for something. It is 1933 again. Will you sign a pact with the Devil? Vote Republican this coming election, any other vote is against freedom and our way of life. Do it even if you have to put a cloths pine on your nose because Obama has got to be stopped. Hell, I’ll do it even if it’s Ron Paul. You decide! Electric Circuits By Noel M. Morris and Frank W. Senior Pdf This publication is just one of a series to be used by pupils not as a proposal but also as a guide to good practice at the solution of issues. The subjects from the book have been carefully chosen to represent the most well-known regions of research in a first year undergraduate, HND, and HNC course in Electronic and Electrical engineering. Every chapter opens with a Fact Sheet containing applicable definitions, principles, theorems and encouraging information. This can be followed by a pair of worked examples demonstrating the overall subject of research covered by this chapter.
Every chapter concludes with a choice of unworked issues (with answers). The answers in the publication are the responsibility of the writers. The subjects covered include basic mechanical and electrical components, circuit theory for example net present and node voltage analysis (including both independent and dependent sources). The reader can be introduced into the idea of apparent power, power, responsive VA, and power factor development. Coupled circuits as well as the transformer are covered, as are polyphase systems, symmetrical components, and also the dimension of electricity. Last, the four appendixes cover complex numbers, matrices, determinants, the usage of computer applications appropriate to the alternative of electrical circuits, and partial fractions.
It’s a very simple thing to watch a specialist building a construction; just how distinct it becomes when you’re confronted with exactly the exact same issue! Therefore it’s with Electric Circuit Analysis. It’s not hard to read how to address problems, but solving a difficulty in practice involves special abilities. The reader must develop his/her intellectual abilities by trying to fix the issues at the conclusion of every chapter. Each query should be carefully researched, and potential methods for its solution ought to be considered (there are usually several methods of solving any problem!) ; there are not any shortcuts to mastering the method of problem solving. A number of the solutions within this publication have been assessed using computer applications, but before they’ve been exercised the hard way by means of a pencil and a calculator.
DMCA Disclaimer: This site complies with DMCA Digital Copyright Laws. Please bear in mind that we do not own copyrights to these books. We’re sharing this material with our audience ONLY for educational purpose. We highly encourage our visitors to purchase original books from the respected publishers. If someone with copyrights wants us to remove this content, please contact us immediately.
All books on the ozielbook.com are free and YOU HAVE TO KNOW THAT WE DO NOT HOSTED ALL FILES ON OUR WEBSITE. If you feel that we have violated your copyrights, then please contact us immediately (click here). Il documento "Draft Contets of the 2010 Update to the Model Tax Convention", pubblicato a maggio, riguarda alcune proposte di modifica apportate alla versione 2008 del modello di Convenzione contro la doppia imposizione, che saranno, in linea di massima, recepite dall'Ocse nei prossimi mesi di settembre e ottobre. Il draft ha tiene conto dei risultati delle discussioni che nel triennio 2007-2009 hanno riguardato varie disposizioni convenzionali:
- "the granting of treaty benefits with respect to the income of Collective Investment Vehicles";
- "revised discussion draft of a new article 7 of the OECD Model Tax Convention";
- "application of tax treaties to State-owned entities, including Sovereign Wealth Funds;
- "tax treaty issues related to common telecommunication transactions";
- "revised changes to the Commentary on paragraph 2 of Article 15".
I cambiamenti più interessanti sono contenuti negli articoli 1 "Person Covered", 7 "Business Profits", 12 "Royalties" e 15 "Income from Employment" del modello di Convenzione.
Il problema degli organismi di investimento collettivo
Il primo documento proposto dal "Centre for Tax Policy and Administration" contiene una serie di raccomandazioni e linee guida il cui obiettivo è risolvere problemi di natura giuridica e politica relativi ai "collective investment Vehicle" (Civ). Le modifiche al commentario (articolo 1 del Modello di Convenzione) riguardano l'applicazione delle disposizioni convenzionali ai redditi prodotti e distribuiti dai collective investment vehicles. Sono state prese in considerazione alcune questioni di carattere meramente tecnico che consentono di stabilire come un collective investment vehicle possa essere definito e quindi considerato "persona", "residente" e soprattutto "beneficiario effettivo" del reddito secondo l'applicazione dei benefici convenzionali.
Benefici e disposizioni convenzionali
Sono state poi apportate ulteriori modifiche nel corso di una riunione da parte del "Centre for Tax Policy and Administration", nel corso della quale è stato puntualizzato che:
a) l'applicazione dei benefici convenzionali ai collective investment vehicle può essere garantita, con riguardo ai trattati bilaterali già in vigore, mediante semplice scambio di note, consentendo di evitare la loro rinegoziazione per poter includere disposizioni ad hoc;
b) gli Stati, nel corso delle negoziazioni bilaterali, hanno facoltà di organizzare e regolamentare diversamente l'applicazione delle disposizioni convenzionali dei suddetti enti (tenendo presente l'eventuale deroga al trattamento prevista dal commentario).
Per quanto concerne invece le modifiche introdotte all'articolo 7 del Modello di Convenzione si è stabilito di riscriverlo in parte rispetto alla precedente versione. Le più importanti novità riguardano:
- il comma 2 nella nuova versione prevede che nella determinazione del reddito da attribuire alla stabile organizzazione è necessario tenere conto delle "functions performed, assets used and risks assumed by the enterprise through the permanet establishment and through the other parts of the enterprise";
- il comma 3 vuole evitare fenomeni di doppia imposizione connessi al fatto che gli Stati contraenti possano interpretare differentemente la disposizione del medesimo articolo.
Invece le modifiche al documento "Application of tax treaties to State-owned entities, includine Sovereign Wealth Funds"
|
33 | 1 | 0 |
مسکن روستایی در دستورکار بوده است و به هیچ عنوان مسئله نبود زیرساخت برای آن قابل طرح نیست. در بخش شهری نیز ۲۵۰ هزار مورد مربوط به وام نوسازی واحدهای فرسوده بوده است و یک میلیون مورد نیز مربوط به افراد دارای زمین شخصی بوده است. بنابراین تنها یک میلیون واحد مسکونی از سوی دولت تأمین زمین شده و به آن تسهیلات ساخت اختصاص یافته است. در این بخش نیز مناطقی در نزدیکی شهرها و همچنین ایجاد شهرهای جدید در دستورکار بوده است.
عدم همکاری بانکها در پرداخت تسهیلات مشکل بزرگ اجرای مسکن مهر
این کارشناس اقتصادی ادامه داد: از بعد تسهیلات ابتدا بر اساس بند قانون بودجه سال ۱۳۸۶، یک سهمیه ای برای بانکها تعیین شد که هرکدام از آن ها به مسکن مهر تسهیلات پرداخت کنند؛ اما در اجرا متوجه شدیم بانک ها هیچ علاقهای به تسهیلات دهی در بخش مسکن ندارند. این درحالیست که در تسهیلات مسکن به دلیل در رهن بودن ملک، تأخیر در پرداخت بسیار کم است. اما نظام بانکی به طور کلی علاقهای به دادن تسهیلات بلندمدت ندارد و به تسهیلات بسیار کوتاه مدت متمایل است. علاوه بر این بانکها علاقمند به دادن تسهیلات خرد نیستند و آن را به نسبت آورده اش بسیار پرزحمت میدانند. در واقع بانک علاقه دارد به جای ۵۰ وام ۲۰ میلیون تومانی، یک وام یک میلیارد تومانی بدهد و زحمت کمتری بکشد. این درحالیست که تسهیلات خرد نرخ نکول کمتری دارد و تسهیلات کلان نرخ نکول و معوقی بیشتری دارند.
وی افزود: پدیده سوم در نظام بانکی که با آن مواجه شدیم این بود که بانکها میتوانند در تسهیلات کلان نرخ سود بیشتری مطالبه نمایند و از شیوههای جالبی برای این کار استفاده میکنند. به طور مثال یک بانک به یک نفر ۲ میلیارد تومان تسهیلات میدهد ولی به بهانه نداشتن وثیقه قابل قبول، بلوکه کردن ۲۰ درصد این مبلغ را شرط اعطای وام قرار میدهد و عملا سود بالاتری دریافت میکند. عدم جلوگیری بانک مرکزی از این روشها موجب میشود عملا بانکها تمایلی به پرداخت تسهیلات با نرخ مصوب نداشته باشند.
مشاور وزیر اسبق راه و شهرسازی با بیان اینکه در بسیاری از موارد دولت وجوه اداره شده ای در بانکی قرار داده بود و بانک مورد نظر متعهد شده بود به میزان ۲ برابر مبلغ بلوکه شده، تسهیلات خرد در قالب مسکن مهر به مردم پرداخت کند، گفت: اما این بانک از دادن تسهیلات خرد مسکن مهر به مردم خودداری میکرد و در همان حال به وکلا و پزشکان و کارمندان برخی ادارات وام پرداخت میکرد. در این شرایط دولت هم اهتمامی برای فشار به سیستم بانکی برای تسریع در روند پرداخت تسهیلات مسکن مهر نداشت؛ چراکه انگیزه ای برای این کار نداشت. به طور کلی عدم همکاری بانکها در ابتدای شروع کار مسکن مهر یکی از مهمترین موانع اجرای این طرح بود.
اجرای طرح «مسکن مهر» عامل افزایش نقدینگی نبود
عباسی در ادامه با تأکید بر اینکه به منظور جلوگیری از انحراف منابع، پرداخت تسهیلات در قالب مسکن مهر در چند نوبت و متناسب با پیشرفت فیزیکی احداث خانهها انجام میگرفت، افزود: بررسی آماری میزان نقدینگی در کشور نشان میدهد تقریبا در تمامی دولتها در دهههای اخیر اقتصاد ایران یک رشد نقدینگی ۲۲ تا ۲۶ درصدی داشته و در دوره اجرای مسکن مهر نیز افزایش نقدینگی تقریبا به همین میزان بوده است. بنابراین طرح مسکن مهر عملا تأثیر قابل توجهی در افزایش میزان نقدینگی کشور نداشته است و حتی اگر این پروژه هم اجرایی نمیشد، میزان افزایش نقدینگی تقریبا به همین میزان و از مسیرهای دیگری همچون اضافه برداشت بانکها محقق میشد.
این کارشناس اقتصادی تأکید کرد: اینکه گفته میشود مسکن مهر موجب افزایش تورم شده است، اتفاقا برعکس واقعیت است. در دوره مسکن مهر با وجود شوک تحریمها و مشکلات سمت عرضه، به دلیل کاهش چشمگیر قیمت مسکن ناشی از اجرای طرح مسکن مهر، بخش مسکن به عنوان لنگر تورمی عمل کرد و از افزایش میزان تورم به نرخهای بالای ۴۰ درصد جلوگیری کرد؛ درحالیکه در دورههای قبل و بعد از آن سابقه تورمهای بالای ۴۵ درصد وجود دارد.
انحراف بازپرداخت اقساط تسهیلات مسکن مهر
عباسی با بیان اینکه خط اعتباری مسکن مهر ۴۵ هزار میلیارد تومان بود و تا امروز ۲۵ هزار میلیارد تومان از آن بازپرداخت شده است، ادامه داد: استفاده از بازپرداخت اقساط همین پروژهها برای تداوم روند ساخت مسکن در قالب پروژه مسکن مهر یا دیگر طرحها، یک فرصت طلایی بود که دولت از سال ۹۲ به بعد آن را از دست داد و عملا این فرصت طلایی به بانک مسکن داده شد که در راستای منافع خود و نه منافع عمومی کشور، از منابع بازپرداختی مسکن مهر استفاده کند. این یک اشتباه راهبردی بود و باید از این منابع برای توسعه ساخت مسکن در کشور استفاده میشد. این کار موجب کاهش سالانه یک میلیون شغل در کشور شد که میتوانست با ساخت سالانه ۵۰۰ هزار مسکن در کشور ایجاد شود.
وی افزود: ساده ترین کار در کشور ساخت یک خانه یک طبقه روستایی است. الان دست کم ۲ میل
|
33 | 1 | 1 |
度。朱祁镇当皇帝时曾被瓦剌俘获，此是他的一大耻辱，但因废。除殉葬，使他有了一个良好的口碑和。历史形象。 《明史·英宗后纪》。(卷十二)给他的盖棺定论是，“罢宫妃殉葬，则盛德之事可法后世者矣。景陵地宫内，除了葬康熙皇帝，还有孝成仁皇后、孝昭仁皇后、孝懿仁皇后、孝恭仁皇后和敬敏。皇贵妃。景陵妃园。寝内葬有四十八位妃嫔和康熙。的皇十八子胤|。四十八位妃嫔中，包括贵妃1人，即温僖贵妃;妃11人，即慧妃、惠妃、宜妃、荣妃、平妃、。良妃、宣妃、成妃、顺懿密妃、纯裕勤妃、定妃;嫔8人，贵人10人，常在9人，答应9人。
据雍正朝大学士张廷玉的《自订年谱》中记载，雍正帝在临终之前，没有丝毫一病。不起的迹象，张廷玉在雍正帝死之前不久，还曾“每日进见”，雍正驾崩那天，张廷玉被被急召进宫，得知。雍正皇帝已濒弥留，这个消息使他“惊骇欲绝”。网络配图 雍正死的很急，而且关于他的死，清朝官书正史上又少有记载，据雍正的《起居注》记载的：雍正帝在八月二十一日的时候，感觉身体有点不适，但仍可以，召见臣工。到了二十二日的时候。，雍正没有再召见臣工，皇子宝亲王、和亲王终日守在身。旁，以防不测。 看来，称这事为中国盗墓。。史上的第一奇事倒是颇有道理的：“后豫发者见吴纲曰：‘君何类长沙王。吴芮，但微短耳。南宋在位时间最长(40年)的皇帝理宗赵昀，生于公元1205,得重病死于。1264年。1279年，元人灭了南宋后，任命外来和尚、一名西域僧人杨替真珈为江南释教总摄。当时朱常洛已经20岁了。依照明朝的常制，。一般在16岁左右就会大婚，而后出阁讲学接受教育。。 朱常洛21岁才大婚，可见神宗对他的。冷。淡。网络配图 但是进入青春期的少女，需要恋爱啊，这是人的本能，谁也阻止不了。明的不行，来暗。的，最后卫媪和来平阳侯。家里做事的县吏郑季好上了，干柴烈。火，就有了卫青。古代没有避孕措施，所以私生子的比例还是蛮高的，但是卫媪家里已经有三个小孩了，再多一个卫青，生活就有困难，于是卫青很小的时。候，就跟着父亲郑季生活。
网络配图 其实庞德被关羽所杀，并非冤死，反而死的壮烈!体现出了真正英雄本色。而他的儿子庞会却耿耿于。怀，为报仇而灭关羽全族，实在是非君子所为。从小看三国，看到关羽之死的时候，总是觉得有些蹊跷。北有曹操，东有孙权，。关羽孤军北上，身后没有任何支援，不是找死是什么?就算关羽看不明白，刘备看不明白，诸葛亮也看不明白? 网络配图??后来总算明白了，其实刘备看明白了，诸葛亮看明白了，关羽也。看明白了，就连曹操和孙权也。都看明白了。关羽不死，大家的日子都不安生;关羽死了，大家都放心了。莽。古尔泰却说：我不杀他，他必杀。我，我。已经没有退路了。见莽古尔泰如此坚决，姐弟三人最后同意了莽古尔泰的计划。第二天，莽古尔泰将正蓝旗两位亲信主将屯布禄、爱巴礼，还有莽古济的亲信冷僧机一块请。入密室。 女人什么时候魅力最大。，就是哭着求自己的时候。皇宫是一座最。大的围城，外面的人想进去，里面的人却想出来，进了皇宫的卫子夫既没有等来皇帝的宠幸，更失去了和自己的爸爸妈。妈兄弟姐妹在一起的机会。在一次皇宫裁员。中，卫子夫哭着求汉武帝放自己回家，无论如何家里都比皇宫要温馨的多。附带一提，虽然大家所熟悉的人鱼雕塑，下半身只有一条尾鳍，但古老的西方绘画里，人鱼通常都是两条尾鳍，。这点相当的不可思议。 其它有关发现 1958年，美国国家海洋学会的罗坦博士，在大西洋5公里深的海底，摄到一些类似人的海底足迹。 1959年，在波罗的海海岸，几个渔民发现了一个白皮肤、眼球曝出、头上长有鱼鳍的美人鱼，在报告。芬兰政府并上。交美人鱼之后，事情。就一直没有下文。
。陈馀早年是一位名士。陈涉一起义陈馀和。张耳就面见陈涉，劝其立六国之后以培植反秦力量。后来，。又随武臣一块来到赵地，使赵地发展成为三大反秦中心之一。。外族入侵、瘟疫、粮食供给、皇族斗争等可能是导。致这个文明最终没落的原因。 3.阿纳萨齐文明 阿纳萨齐是现代人对。古普韦布洛人的称呼，这些人曾居住在美国犹他州、亚利桑。那州、新墨西哥州和科罗拉多州的。交界处。他们沿悬崖峭壁建设的石头和土坯建筑最为着名。诸葛丰是社会名人,找他的外地人自然就多,打问中,社会下层难免有人不知道,知道的就说:“嗨,村那头那几家姓葛的嘛!”“那几家”是今天的口语,当时的口语是:村那头诸葛家嘛!诸家是不确定数词,相当于今天说“诸位女士,诸位先生”。在姓氏的演变过程中,说的人多了,诸。葛就成了这几家新搬迁户特有的姓氏(《三国志·诸葛瑾传》裴松之注。)。 。其。二,秦末陈胜、吴广起义时,葛婴是其重要将领,多有战功,不幸蒙冤被杀。 香气从何而来?在沉到盗洞下方时，考古人员杨军想到的是，或许是。棺椁所用的木材散发出的香气。杨军说：“我。们发掘1号主墓发现，有一层白胶泥、一层沙和一层炭覆盖在。棺椁。上方。三层有七八十厘米厚。
他带领他的圆桌骑士们，不断扩大王土。 一日，他们征战前往海。边。，在海边整顿。休息。亚瑟王看到大海广袤，就想看看大海那边是什。么情景，有没有征服的价值。不过，一切都只是猜测而已。 琥珀宫不翼而飞，究竟去了哪里?至今仍是未解之谜。 武则天的一生都充满了传奇的色彩，她从一个小小。的昭仪成功逆袭做了皇帝。其中的艰辛可想而知，可是在武则天年老之时，却将皇位还给了李氏，这背后又有怎样的内幕呢？ 载初二年（690）九月初九日，在做了大量的舆论铺垫之后，武则天在百官及帝室宗戚等六万余人的表请之下，登上了皇帝的宝座，号曰“圣神皇帝”，改唐为。周，。革了李唐的命，并将李显定为皇位的继承人，皇太子李旦降为皇孙。那么，武则天难道就没有废李立武的想法吗？当然有！可是后来她为什么又把天下还给了李氏呢？据史料记载，这与名相狄仁杰的智劝和武则。天的“怪梦”不无关系。
十七岁，两出定襄，功冠全军;十九岁，三征河西。，开疆拓土;二十一岁，统帅三军，纵横漠北。 霍去病，一个代表着青春、勇武与。奇迹的名字。 他一生数次指挥大军与匈奴会战，每一仗均是深入险境，孤军奋战，每一仗均是以寡敌众，大胜而归!网络配图 然而，这位。集万千宠爱于。一身的天之骄子，却在他二十三岁的时候突然划上了生命的句号。 李永芳，辽东铁岭人，明万历四十一年(1613年)任预备，守抚顺，天命三年(1618年)降归后金，随即被任命为三等副将，统辖收降的抚顺及东州、马跟单二城降民千户，并娶贝勒阿巴泰的长女为妻，成为努尔哈赤。的孙女婿，开始投身于努尔哈赤对明情报和策反的工作中，宛然是四百年前游走于明清(。后金)之间的“伪装者”。 自天命五年(1620。年)起，李永芳便率领轻骑活动于辽沈一。带，发榜招降、动摇明朝军心，并且成功诱使明辽东经略袁应泰一度误以为他有弃恶从善之心。据
|
33 | 1 | 2 |
�������。
你要不相信我也没有办法。
我是说在日常生活中如果不小心坐在了有精子的地方，会不会沾到阴道口导致怀孕，那岂不是很可怕吗。
不会怀孕。
接触到阴道口了也不会吗。
不会。
你之前不是说会吗。
怎么又变了。
到底怎样。
我跟你说，如果精子在你的阴道口的话，也不一定能够进入，为什么呢？因为精子他没有那么大的油动能力。
我跟你说不会怀孕，你要是不放心，你就问别人，你也不是说刚好就坐在精子上面，你镜子怎么可能一下子就进入阴道了呢？
没有归类的疾病问题都放在热心医生其它科室其它问题分类下，这个分类目前没有介绍，请查看其它对应的科室。 ...[更多]
|疾病别称：其它科室||发病部位：发病部位无内容|
|挂号科室：其它科室||治疗周期：治疗周期无内容|
|多发人群：多发人群无内容||传播途径：传播途径无内容|
|常见病因：常见病因无内容|
|临床表现：临床表现无内容|
扫我关注微信 马上咨询医生
copyright © 2012-2018 热心医生版权所有 闽ICP备10200264号-19 Panorama looking NE from Le Rossignol
In addition to detailed maps of the Western Front, panoramic views provided another impression of the land which was particularly useful for the artillery.
This view shows a section of the 2nd Army front at Messines, at the south of the Ypres salient. The southern edge of Messines Ridge is to the left. It was drawn in December 1915 by Captain J.H.M. Cornwall (who would later become General and Colonel Commandant of the Royal Artillery) from an observation post on Hill 63.
It identifies key features of the landscape such as buildings, with measurements given in degrees below the sketch. British and German trenches are indicated in colours. Observation posts were important vantage points which gathered targets for the artillery to train their guns on, but were vulnerable targets themselves.
- Article by:
- Vanda Wilcox
- Race, empire and colonial troops, Life as a soldier
In a war that saw new weaponry technology and great numbers of casualties, Assistant Professor Vanda Wilcox considers the common experiences of soldiers in active combat.
Related collection items
A fascinating and unique insight into the planning and organisation of military campaigns, featuring over a hundred maps and charts.
Combining cutting edge scholarship with vivid and unfamiliar eyewitness accounts, from kings and generals, and ordinary soldiers, this is a pioneering and comprehensive account of the First World War. As Philadelphia grew from a small town into a city in the first half of the eighteenth century, it became an increasingly important marketing center for a vast and growing agricultural hinterland. Market days saw the crowded city even more crowded, as farmers from within a radius of 24 or more kilometers brought their sheep, cows, pigs, vegetables, cider, and other products for direct sale to the townspeople. The High Street Market was continuously enlarged throughout the period until 1736, when it reached from Front Street to Third. By 1745 New Market was opened on Second Street between Pine and Cedar. The next year the Callowhill Market began operation.
Along with market days, the institution of twice-yearly fairs persisted in Philadelphia even after similar trading days had been discontinued in other colonial cities. The fairs provided a means of bringing handmade goods from outlying places to would-be buyers in the city. Linens and stockings from Germantown, for example, were popular items.
Auctions were another popular form of occasional trade. Because of the competition, retail merchants opposed these as well as the fairs. Although governmental attempts to eradicate fairs and auctions were less than successful, the ordinary course of economic development was on the merchants’ side, as increasing business specialization became the order of the day. Export merchants became differentiated from their importing counterparts, and specialty shops began to appear in addition to general stores selling a variety of goods.
One of the reasons Philadelphia’s merchants generally prospered was because the surrounding area was undergoing tremendous economic and demographic growth. They did their business, after all, in the capital city of the province. Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice. محمدجواد ظریف، وزیر خارجه ایران، روز یکشنبه یکم شهریور در مورد مسئله بازگشایی سفارت آمریکا در ایران گفت که این امر، به باور او، نیاز به تغییر «روشهای غیرمعقول آمریکاییها» دارد، و تأکید کرد که برای صحبت از بازگشایی سفارتخانه آمریکا در تهران «خیلی زود» است.
به گزارش خبرگزاری صدا و سیما، آقای ظریف این مطلب را در مراسمی با شرکت همتای بریتانیایی خود در تهران و در پاسخ به پرسش خبرنگاری بیان کرد که پرسید «اکنون که سفارت انگلستان در تهران بازگشایی شدهاست آیا میتوان امیدوار بود که سفارت آمریکا نیز بازگشایی شود؟» وزیر خارجه ایران در پاسخ خود گفت که «ما با انگلستان روابط سیاسی داشتهایم و این روابط برای مدتی با دشواری روبهرو شد و امروز با بازگشایی سفارتخانه انگلیس در تهران به وضع قبلی برگشتیم.» وی افزود: «وضع ما با ایالات متحده آمریکا متفاوت است و مردم در قبال سیاستهای آنها نگرانیهای قابل توجهی دارند.»
رییس جمهور با تاکید بر استفاده از شرایط به وجود آمده پس از توافق هستهای در جهت گسترش مناسبات همهجانبه، بر ضرورت تعامل انگلستان و ایران برای توسعه روابط سیاسی، اقتصادی و مشارکت دو کشور در مسیر حل مسائل و موضوعات بین المللی و منطقه ای تاکید کرد.
به گزارش ایسنا،حسن روحانی روز دوشنبه در دیدار فیلیپ هاموند وزیر امور خارجه انگلستان، توافق هستهای را مقدمهای برای ایجاد حرکت بهتر در روابط دانست و تصریح کرد: ما این توافق را به عنوان آغاز حرکت برای ایجاد شرایطی بهتر در روابط بینالملل و منطقه میدانیم. رییس جمهور با اشاره به بازگشایی مجدد سفارت خانه های ایران و انگلستان در تهران و لندن و ضرورت ارتقاء روابط سیاسی و توسعه همکاری ها میان دو کشور اظهارداشت: در شرایط فعلی مسئولان دو کشور وظیفه بزرگتری بر دوش دارند تا روابط فی مابین را بر مبنای اعتماد متقابل بازسازی و به سطح قابل قبولی برسانند.
رئیس کمیسیون اصل ۹۰ مجلس ایران با اشاره به «مخالفتها و مقابلهها» با کمیته این کمیسیون برای موضوع زمینخواری گفت که ارادهای برای مبارزه با این پدیده «وجود ندارد.» در همین حال دبیر شورای عالی مناطق آزاد خبر داد که ۱۵۴ قرارداد «زمینخواری» در کیش که در دولت سابق منعقد شده بود در دولت حسن روحانی فسخ شدهاست.
به گزارش خبرگزاری مهر، محمدعلی پورمختار، خبر داد که این کمیسیون از دو سال پیش کمیتهای را برای موضوع زمینخواری تشکیل داده اما فعالیتهای این کمیته با «سختی و مخالفتها و مقابلههایی» مواجه است. محمد علی پور مختار اظهار داشت: «شرط اول در مبارزه با زمینخواری این است که افرادی که به دنبال مبارزه با زمینخواری هستند خودشان یا اطرافیانشان در زمینخواریها ذینفع نباشند. توصیه میکنم افرادی که خودشان یا اطرافیانشان مرتبط با پروندههای زمینخواری هستند وارد این موضوع نشوند. این افراد مبارزان خوبی نخواهند بود.»
رئیس سازمان مدیریت و برنامهریزی ایران از حذف دو میلیون نفر از فهرست یارانهبگیران خبر داد و گفت که با حذف این افراد و انصراف دو میلیون و ۴۰۰ هزار نفر دیگر، چهار هزار و ۸۰۰ میلیارد تومان صرفهجویی شدهاست.
به گزارش خبرگزاری شبکه خبر، محمدباقر نوبخت، در یک برنامه تلویزیونی خبر داد که این مبلغ در طرح «تحول سلامت» هزینه شدهاست تا مردم درصد
|
33 | 1 | 3 |
, hatred, longstanding bitter jealousy, corroding anxiety, fits of hot temper actually destroy the cells of the body and induce disease of the heart, liver, kidneys, spleen and stomach. Violent fits of hot temper do serious damage to the brain cells, throw poisonous chemical products into the blood, produce general shock and depression and suppress the secretion of gastric juice, bile and other digestive juices in the alimentary canal, drain away your energy, vitality, induce premature old age and shorten life.
When the mind is agitated, then this body also is agitated. Wherever the body goes, the mind follows. When both the body and mind are agitated, the Prana flows in a wrong direction. Instead of pervading the whole body steadily and equally, it will vibrate at an unequal rate (unrhythmically). Then the food is not digested properly. Diseases originate. If the primary cause is removed, then all diseases will disappear.
The pains that afflict the physical body are called secondary diseases, whilst the Vasanas that affect the mind are termed mental or primary diseases. If bad thoughts are destroyed, all bodily diseases will vanish. Purity of mind means healthy body. Therefore, be careful in your thinking, in the selection of your thoughts. Always entertain noble, sublime, loving and kind thoughts. You will have harmony, health and beauty.
A Lamentable Practice
It is lamentable, indeed, to note that most of the doctors in the world, particularly the allopaths, do more harm than good to their patients. They exaggerate the nature of the disease to their patients. They fill their minds with imaginary fears of all sorts. They do not know the power of suggestions and their influences on the minds of their patients. As greed is ingrained in their minds, as the desire to become rich is deep-rooted in their minds, they try their level best to extract from their patients as much money as they can. If they say to their patients, "This disease is nothing. I will make you all right within a couple of hours," who is going to pay them amply? They give wrong suggestions to their patients: "This is a terrible disease. This is an incurable disease. A dangerous poison, a dangerous microbe is lurking in your lungs." The poor patient spends sleepless nights on account of imaginary fear, on account of wrong suggestion given by the doctor. Every moment he thinks: "I may die at any moment. The doctor has said that my disease is dangerous and incurable." He drags a cheerless existence. The worry and anxiety and fear destroy millions of red blood-corpuscles daily. The doctor gives the wrong suggestions to glorify his skill, dexterity in the profession also.
The Root Of All Evils
The erroneous imagination that you are the body is the root of all evils. Through wrong thinking, you identify yourself with the body. Dehadhyasa arises. You are attached to the body. This is Abhimana. Then, Mamata (mineness) arises. You identify yourself with your wife, children, house, etc. It is identification or attachment that brings about bondage, misery and pain. You never wept when millions of Germans died in the war. Why? Because, there was no identification and attachment. But, you weep profusely when your son dies, on account of attachment. The word 'My' produces wonderful influence in the mind. Note the difference in effects produced in the mind when you hear the two sentences: 'Horse is dead' and 'My horse is dead.'
Pain Is In Mind Only
Pain is evident so long as you connect yourself with the mind. There is no pain in sleep. If there is an inflammatory swelling on your back with throbbing pain, you do not experience any pain at night when you are asleep. Only when the mind is connected with the diseased part through nerves and thinking, you begin to experience pain. There is no pain when the mind is disconnected from the body by the administration of chloroform. During moments of great joy, the severe pain entirely ceases, as the mind is taken away from the body, from the seat of the pain. If you can consciously withdraw the mind from the diseased part by concentrating it on God or any other attractive object, you will not experience any pain even when you are wide awake. If you have a powerful will and strong Titiksha (power of endurance), then also you will not experience any pain. By constant thinking of any trouble or disease, you only augment your pain and suffering. Pain is in mind. Atman or spirit is Anandasvarupa (full of bliss).
Conquer The Mind To Control The Body
With the majority of mankind, the mind is greatly under the control of the body. Their minds being very little developed, they live on Annamaya Kosha mostly. Develop the Vijnanamaya Kosha and, through Vijnanamaya Kosha (Buddhi), control the Manomaya Kosha (mind). The Vijnanamaya kosha is developed by abstract thinking and reasoning, by systematic meditation, Brahma-Chintana, study of the Upanishads, Yogavasishtha and Brahma Sutras.
When you have controlled the mind, you have perfect control over the body. The body is only a shadow of the mind. It is the mould prepared by the mind for its expression. The body becomes your slave when you have conquered the mind.
Mind, Prana And Kundalini
Prana-the Outer Coat Of Mind
There are two principal Tattvas in the universe, viz., mind and Prana. Wherever there is Prana, there is mind also. Even in the external movement of breath beyond the nose, the mind is mixed with the external breath. Prana (energy) is the outer overcoat for the mind. Prana digests the food, turns it into chyle and blood and sends it to the brain and mind. The mind is then able to think and do Brahma-Vichara (enquiry into Brahman). The life of the mind is kept up through the vibration of the subtle psychic Prana which gives rise to the formation of thought.
Prana is gross. Mind is subtle. Mind is formed out of the conglomerate Sattvic essence of the five Tanmatras; whereas, Prana is formed out of the sum total of Rajasic essence of the five Tanmatras. That is the reason why mind is more Sukshma than the Prana.
The Pranamaya Kosha (vital sheath) is more subtle than the physical body. It overlaps the Annamaya Kosha (physical sheath) and is more extensive than it. Manomaya Kosha is more subtle than the Pranamaya Kosha and more extensive than the vital sheath. You have to touch the body of another man to have a physical influence over him. Whereas you can stand at a distance and by mere 'passes' you can impart your Prana to him; because, Prana (vital) is more subtle than the body. You can influence a man mentally through thought even though he lives a thousand miles away from you, because mental force is more subtle than Prana.
Inter-Dependence Of Mind And Prana
Prana and mind stand to one another in the relationship of the supporter and the supported. Both these are only like the flower and its odour or a sesamum seed and the oil in it. If either of them is slain, then the other also will cease to exist. If the mind and Prana cease to exist, then thoughts will not arise at all. The destruction of both will confer Moksha on all.
Ekagrata (one-pointedness) and Nirodha (controlled state) are two Avasthas of the mind. Spanda (subtle or Sukshma) and Nirodha are two Avasthas of the Prana. When the mind becomes one-pointed, Spanda Avastha of the Prana comes by itself. If the mind is purified with true Sattva Guna, the Prana will be distributed freely throughout the body. The food will be digested thoroughly.
Mind, Prana And Virya
Mind, Prana and Virya (semen) are under one Sambandha (connection). If you can control any one of these three, the other two are controlled by themselves, quite easily. Hatha Yogins try to control the Prana. Raja Yogins try to control the mind. Jnana Yogins start their Sadhana with Buddhi and will.
Benefits Of Pranayama
By Pranayama (control of Prana or restraint of breath), you can also increase the mental energy and develop thought-control and thought-culture. This will help concentration and meditation. This will make the mind steady. This will remove Rajas (passion) and Tamas (inertia). This will burn the dross in the mind.
By Pranayama, the mind gradually moves from the gross to the subtle. It, therefore, exercises a wholesome check upon sexual irritation. When some evil thought disturbs your mind, at once take to Padmasana or Siddhasana and do Pranayama. The thought will leave you immediately.
The Superiority Of Prana Over Mind
The sight is more internal than speech as the sight generally informs without contradiction. Similarly, the hearing than the sight, as the eye may convey false impressions, e.g., the mother of pearl as silver, but the ear never hears a non-existing sound. Similarly, the ear only exercises its functions with the aid of the mind's attention and, similarly, the mind depends on the Prana or life. Prana is, therefore, Brahman, the Innermost of all.
"Forsooth, mind departed from the body. It returned after a year's absence and enquired of the organs: 'How did you survive my separation?' 'In the same way', replied the organs, 'in which an infant not possessing the power of reflection breathes through the agency of his respiratory organs, speaks through the organ of speech, sees by his eyes, hears by his ears.' Mind resumed its place. Then did mind say unto Prana, 'The quality of containing all, which belonged to me, is due to thee.' The function of mind belongs to Prana; from Prana or life proceed all." (Chhandogya Upanishad, V-xiv-15). This parable illustrates the superiority of life (Prana) over mind and other organs. In reality, there was no dispute of any kind.
Mind And Kundalini
Kundalini, the serpent-like coiled power that lies dormant with 3 coils with the face downwards in the Muladhara Chakra, the basal lotus at the end of the spinal column, is connected with Prana and Prana is connected with the mind.
Even a Vedantin (student of the path of Jnana) can get Jnana-Nishtha (superconscious state) only through the awakening of Kundalini Sakti. No superconscious state or Samadhi is possible without the awakening of this primordial energy, whether it is in Raja Yoga, Bhakti Yoga or Jnana Yoga.
Kundalini Sakti can only be aroused when the mind is actually free from passions and desires. Sakti-Chalana or Asvani Mudra, Tadana, Pracharana-all help in awakening the Kundalini. Mahabheda helps in taking the Kundalini higher up. When the Kundalini Sakti is awakened, the mind enters, along with Prana and Jiva, the Sushumna and all perceptions are in the mental space (Chidakasa). After Kundalini is awakened, Prana passes upwards through Sushumna or Brahma Nadi within the spinal cord, along with mind and Agni. The Yogin is freed from physical consciousness. You are shut out from the external objective world. As soon as Kundalini is awakened for the first time, a Yogin gets these six kinds of experiences which last for a short time, viz., Ananda (spiritual bliss), Kampana (tremor of various parts of the body), Udbhava (rising above the ground from his Asana), Ghurni (intoxication divine-the body moves in a circle), Nidra (sleep) and Murchha (fainting). After awakening the Kundalini, you will have to take it up to Sahasrara in the top of the head.
When this Kundalini moves from Chakra to Chakra (from centre to centre), layer after layer of the mind opens up. The Yogin experiences different kinds of bliss (Ananda) at each new centre. He gets different experiences also as well as different powers. He gets control over the five elements. He perceives the universe in its subtle or causal form. He gets full knowledge of the types of various kinds of the causal plane. When Kundalini reaches the Sahasrara Chakra, you are in the Chidakasa (knowledge space).
Mind And Food
Sattvasuddhau Dhruva Smritih
Smritilabhe Sarvagrantheenam Vipramokshah."
"When the food is pure, the whole nature becomes pure; when the nature becomes pure, the memory becomes firm; and when a man is in possession of a firm memory, all the ties are severed."
(Chhandogya Upanishad, VII-xxvi-2)
Mind Is Made Of Food
Mind is manufactured out of the food that we take. Subtlest part of food reaches upward to the heart and thence entering the arteries called the 'Hita', and thereby bringing into existence the aggregate of the organs of speech and being changed into the form of the mind, it increases the mind. And thus, the mind, being increased by food, is material and not eternal as held by the Vaiseshikas.
The Upanishadic philosophers believed that the mind depends upon the food for its formation. "The food that we take is transformed in three different ways: the gross or the heaviest part of it becomes the excrement; that of medium density is transformed into flesh and the finest part goes to form the mind." (Chhandogya Upanishad, VI-v-1) "Just as in the churning of curd, its fine particles rise up and are transformed into butter, so when food is consumed, the subtlest part rises up and is transformed into mind." (Chhandogya Upanishad, VI-vi-1 & 2). Later, even in the days of the Bhagavad-Gita, we find that the three different mental temperaments-the Sattvic, the Rajasic and the Tamasic-were supposed to be due to the three different kinds of food what we eat. (Bhagavad-Gita, XVII-8 & 10).
Quality Of Mind Depends Upon Quality Of Food
Food has a direct and intimate connection with the mind and plays a vital part in the make-up of the mind. Sattvic diet calms the mind. Rajasic diet excites the mind. Mark the difference in nature between a tiger which lives on flesh and a cow which lives on grass. Food exercises important influence on the mind. You see it clearly every day. It is very difficult to control the mind after a heavy, sumptuous, indigestible, rice meal. The mind runs, wanders and jumps like a monkey all the time. Alcohol causes tremendous excitement in the mind.
Food plays an important role in meditation. For purposes of meditation, the food must be light, Sattvic and nutritious. The body is Annamaya (made up of food). Bhairavi Chakra is in Annamaya Kosha. Bhairavi Chakra is Maya. Light Sattvic food, such as fruits, milk, etc., takes you to Vishnu Chakra and thence to Nirvikalpa state quite easily.
When the quality of the mind depends upon the quality of the food taken, it is natural to insist in the interest of the highest morality upon a kind of Sattvic regimen of diet for those aspirants who lead a contemplative life and householders who are attempting to lead a spiritual life in the world. It was because Narada had his impurity destroyed that the venerable Sanatkumara pointed out to him the way beyond darkness. The way which leads up beyond darkness, therefore, must be sought for in the purity of food, which involves in its train, the purity of mind.
Different foods produce different effects in different compartments of the brain. Spiced dishes, sour things, black gram, onions, garlic, tea, wine, fish, meat, mustard oil, etc., excite passions and emotions and should, therefore, be avoided. They should be particularly avoided by a Sadhaka. A Jijnasu (spiritual aspirant) should strictly give up meat, fish and alcoholic drinks as these make the mind coarse and produce excitement in the mind. Heavy food brings Tandri (drowsiness) and Alasya (laziness). Tea should be given up. It destroys Virya. Sugar must be taken in moderation. It is better if it is given up.
Food Items Helpful In Meditation
Milk, fruits, almonds, sugar-candy, butter, green oats, Bengal oats (Chenai) soaked in water overnight, bread, etc., are all helpful
|
33 | 2 | 0 |
temperatures are still a good time to add interest to your landscaping beds. It only takes a little extra attention and a few simple techniques to help new summer plantings thrive.
It is recommended to transplant existing plants in the fall or early spring (taking something up in your yard and moving it to another spot). You can plant new perennials, annuals, grasses and groundcovers, and trees and shrubs if the plants have spent the past several months in a container.
Any shock from planting a container shrub is pretty much nonexistent because you didn’t dig up the plant or disturb its roots. The newly planted plants can still become slightly stressed but with a little care and effort, it should develop a healthy root system and thrive. Be sure to use Espoma Biotone, which is a great root stimulator and transplant shock inhibitor at any time, but especially when planting in the summer. It’s important to amend your soils as you’re planting.
Where to Plant
Because your existing plants are in full bloom during the summer months, it is easy to figure out where to best place your new plants so they have enough room to grow. Adhere to the requirements of your new plants, being sure to plant sun tolerant plants in the sun and shade loving plants where they can receive much-needed protection from the sun.
When to Plant
When you plant can be just as important as how you plant. It’s best to plant on a cloudy or overcast day, in the early morning or in the evening. This will minimize weather-related stress and transpiration loss from leaves.
How to Plant
The same basic planting rules apply, whether it’s spring, summer or fall:
- Dig a hole a little deeper and about twice as wide as the plant’s root ball.
- Gently work the root ball loose with your hands or a garden fork.
- Put the plant into position and backfill with good soil mixed with a little compost.
- Tamp the soil to stabilize the plant and remove any air pockets.
- Water thoroughly.
How to Water
Watering plants should be done in the morning, if possible, unless plants are noticeably dry later in the day. Fill the newly dug hole with water and let it drain before planting — especially when dealing with clay soil. This helps to ensure an easier transition for the plant since the hole and surrounding soil are thoroughly moist. To check your plantings for moisture, put your finger in the soil approximately 2 inches. If dry, water thoroughly at the soil level, never on the trunk or foliage.
Apply a 2- to 3-inch layer of mulch immediately after planting. This will help conserve soil moisture and keep down weeds, which compete for water and nutrients. Use BioTone and Leafgro for soil amendments.
For the first two waterings of new plantings, use a diluted solution of organic fish and seaweed fertilizer, such as Neptune’s Harvest, to help the plants quickly settle into their new environment.
During the first week or so you may need to water daily or every other day depending on the weather, soil type and plant’s growing requirements. After that it’s important to keep the soil slightly moist until the plant becomes established in the garden. For most perennials and shrubs, that usually occurs after the first growing season.
What to Plant
Just about anything growing in a container can be planted in summer, though some plants stand up to summer’s heat better than others. Here’s a list of several tough contenders for summer planting:
Trees: Crape Myrtles are a good choice to plant in the summer because they love to grow roots when the ground is warm. Emerald Green Arborvitae, Thuja Green Giant, White Pine, Red Maple and Japanese Maples can be planted in the summer as well.
Shrubs: Barberry, Boxwood, Hydrangea, Juniper, Japanese Hollies, Euonymus and Roses are but a few.
Perennials: Aster, Catmint, Coneflower, Coreopsis, Daylily, Hardy Geranium, Goldenrod, Plumbago, Salvia, Sedum and Yarrow
Annuals: Celosia, Cosmos, Zinnia, Amarantha, Impatiens and Marigolds are some of our favorites.
Now you know how easy it is to plant in the summertime. So get out there and get to planting! FRIDAY, April 13, 2018 (HealthDay News) — Singapore’s teens are the world’s best on an international test of academic performance, but they pay for it with their sleep.
Most get well below the recommended eight to 10 hours of shut-eye on school nights. But a new study finds that delaying the morning school bell would help.
Studies in Western nations have found that later school start times improve students’ sleep and well-being. But the impact in East Asian countries, where students are under strong pressure to excel, has been less clear, the researchers explained.
The new study included 375 students at an all-girl’s high school in Singapore that moved its start time from 7:30 a.m. to 8:15 a.m.
In Singapore, school typically begins around 7:30 a.m. (That’s an hour earlier than recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Medical Association and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.) On average, teens in Singapore average 6.5 hours of sleep a night on school nights.
At a follow-up one month after the later school start was introduced, teens were spending an extra 23 minutes in bed on school nights. The percentage who said they slept at least 8 hours a night rose from just under 7 percent to 16 percent, the researchers found.
After nine months, total sleep time had increased by about 10 minutes a night, the findings showed.
At both follow-ups, the teens reported less daytime sleepiness, greater alertness, as well as fewer depressive symptoms and mood problems.
“Starting school later in East Asia is feasible and can have sustained benefits,” said lead researcher Michael Chee. He is a professor in the neuroscience and behavioral disorders program at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore.
The study was published April 10 in Sleep, the international journal for sleep and circadian science.
“Our work extends the empirical evidence collected by colleagues in the West, and argues strongly for disruption in practice and attitudes surrounding sleep and well-being in societies where these are believed to hinder rather than enhance societal advancement,” he added in a journal news release.
The National Sleep Foundation has more on teens and sleep. Yerkürenin en kalın buzulu, Yerküremizi tehdit eden iklim değişikliğinden önemli anlamda etkilenmeye başladı. NASA'nın Yerküre Gözlemevi tarafından yayınlanan fotoğraflar, Alaska'daki Taku Buzulu'nun 70 yılı aşkın bir mühlet sonra birinci defa tekrar erimeye başladığını gösteriyor.
Araştırmacılar, buzul dağının bir gün erimeye başlayacağını tahmin ediyorlardı, lakin kütlesindeki düşüş beklenenin 80 yıl öncesinde gerçekleşti. Nichols Koleji'nde muhit bilimleri profesörü olan ve North Cascades Buzulu İklim Projesi'ni yöneten Dr. Mauri Pelto, 30 yıldır Taku'yu inceliyor ve kütle kazandıkça önümüzdeki yüzyıla kadar genişlemeye devam edeceğine inanıyordu.
Dev buzul, 1946'dan 1988'e kadar yılda yaklaşık 30 cm kalınlaştı. Ardından 1989'da kalınlaşma yavaşladı ve genişleme 2013'ten 2018'e kadar külliyen durdu. Geçtiğimiz yıl, Alaska'daki rekor yaz sıcaklıklarına bağlı olarak geri çekilme belirtileri göstermeye başladı.
NASA'nın Yerküre Gözlemevi tarafından yayınlanan fotoğraflar, Alaska'daki Taku Buzulu'nun 2014 yılında erimeye başlamadan evvelki (yukarıda) ve erimeye başladıktan sonraki (aşağıda) imgelerini ortaya koyuyor. Araştırmacılar, buzulun bir gün geri çekileceğini kestirim ediyorlardı, fakat kütlesindeki düşüş varsayım edilenden 80 yıl evvel gerçekleşti.
Pelto, “Taku'daki kütle istikrarının müspet olduğunu düşünüyorduk, yüzyılın geri kalanında genişleyebilecekti. Birçok vakit buzullar, geri çekilmeler başlamadan evvelki birkaç yıl boyunca genişlemeyi bırakır. Taku'nun bu kadar çabuk geri çekileceğini düşünmemiştim” dedi.
Dünya'nın en kalın buzulu olarak bilinen Taku, 4.860 feet (yaklaşık 1.480 metre) yükseklikte ve tıpkı hengamda Juneau Icefield bölgesindeki en büyük buzul olarak kabul ediliyor.
–
son dakika haberleri You answered your own question in the very first line. That is because the US declaration of Independence was ratified/approved on 4th of July. What you say is correct, the declaration itself was voted on by Congress on 2nd of July.
You are also correct that John Adams thought 2nd of July would be the most memorable day in American history as he wrote to his wife in a letter:
The Second Day of July 1776, will be the most memorable Epocha, in the
History of America.
While the resolution for independence was passed on 2nd July, it wasn't finalized until 4th of July. The Congress edited the existing proclamation, moderating it and doing grammatical edits before sending it to press in order to explain the move to the public. The five men committee responsible for that included John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson. They took out extremist assertions which could harm American interests by alienating Sympathizers in British public (Such as Britain enforcing slavery on the Colonies), shortened the text, improved sentence structure etc. Then finally on 4th July, the act was finalized, adopted and sent to print.
So essentially, the answer is paperwork. Technically, the real Independence Day is 2nd of July however, It took the Congress two more days to adopt a finalized statement and send it to print. Which is why the date that appears on the declaration is 4th of July, not the second. See the original declaration below and notice the date:
This was used as such by the press, thereby making it imprint in mind of American populace that Independence day is 4th of July. The first official commemoration by continental Congress was also on 4th of July, making it the de-facto Independence day.
Then it was made formally de-jure when Congress passed a law in 1870 to make Independence Day a federal holiday, using the date 4th of July, thereby making it legal and official. ایراس؛
شاید آنگونه که سیاستمداران در واشنگتن و بروکسل اصرار می ورزند، این شروع تازه جنگ سرد نباشد. اما تحریم های تنبیهی علیه روسیه که توسط اتحادیه اروپا و آمریکا در ۲۹ جولای اعلام شد، پایانی بر ۲۵ سال تلاش برای تبدیل مسکو به عنوان شریک غرب بود. اینکه این تحریم ها چقدر ادامه پیدا کند و تا چه حدی شدت یابد، به پاسخ پوتین و بیش از همه به تصمیم وی برای عقب نشینی و انصراف از درگیری های خونین در شرق اوکراین بستگی دارد. وی تاکنون کم ترین نشانه ای از انجام چنین کاری از خود بروز نداده و از سوی دیگر تعارضاتش با غرب و ترجیح وی برای انزوا بیشتر می شود.
پس از ماه ها اقدامات ناهماهنگ، عاقبت آمریکا و اروپا بسته تحریمی سختگیرانه و هماهنگی را ارائه دادند که بانک های دولتی را هدف قرار داده و صادرات فن آوری های نفتی و نظامی به روسیه را ممنوع می کند. خود این تحریم ها به تنهایی روسیه را به زانو در نمی آورند اما می تواند آسیب های جدی به اقتصاد بیمار روسیه وارد کند.
هدف قرار دادن هواپیمای مالزیایی که به احتمال زیاد به دست جدایی طلبان هوادار روس در شرق اوکراین صورت گرفت، نگرش ها را نسبت به پوتین سخت تر کرد. عدم پذیرش مسئولیت از جانب پوتین و ادامه حمایت های نظامی وی از شورشیان پس از این واقعه، رهبران اروپایی و حتی آن تعدادی که با تحریم مخالف بودند را مجاب کرد که راهی جز تنبیه رو
|
33 | 2 | 1 |
ها را می گیرد و نمی داند به کجا می رسد. نمی شود توصیف کرد. نه واقعیت است و نه غیرواقعیت.من هم همه این صحنه ها را در ۴ دهه نوشته ام. صحنه هایی که به من هجوم آورده اند، می آورند و خواهند آورد.
یک جمله در مقدمه کتاب نوشته اید، اینکه جهان هر کس را خودش با ذهن جاری اش می آفریند. با استدلال همین جمله کتاب را نوشته اید. نگاه مجازی است اما واقعیت دارد. این که توانسته اید با همه جزئیات را شامل گل زدن ها، شیرجه زدن ها و درگیری ها و خلاصه همه چیز را مرور کنید ماجرا را جذاب تر کرده است.
فوتبالی ها با لحظه ها و صحنه هایی که دوست دارند زندگی می کنند و فراموش می کنند. از لحظه های شیرین تا لحظه های دراماتیک. شاید هم آن لحظه ها دراماتیک و شیرین هم نباشند، اما می آیند و می روند. کاری هم از دست شما برنمی آید. من همه این لحظه ها را نوشته ام در ۴ دهه فوتبال ایران.
شما حتی از لحظه های امضا گرفتن از بازیکنان آن روزها و یا حتی جزئیات دیدار با بازیکنان هم نوشته اید. از لحظه های عکاسی با دوربین های ابتدایی و بعد هم فیلمبرداری با دوربین های ۸ میلیمتری. از صحافی کردن دنیای ورزش و کیهان ورزش که من می دانم همه آنها را هنوز دارید. اینها هم به کمک شما برای نوشتن آمدند؟
بله که آمدند. من همه اینها را با خودم دارم. همه را با خودم به کول کشیدم. در هر نقل و انتقال از یک خانه به خانه دیگری. از یک انباری به انباری دیگر. من واقعا می توانم بگویم جان کنده ام که این خاطرات را ثبت و ضبط کنم. می توانم بگویم که آنها می خواهند من را رها کنند اما من نمی توانم رهایشان کنم. به اینها چسبیده ام.
خیلی ها می خواهند گذشته شان را فراموش کنند حالا چه خوب و چه بد، اما مثل اینکه فوتبالی ها نمی توانند…
فوتبالی ها مقاومت می کنند، گذشته گرا هستند و به گذشته نگاه می کنند همانقدر که به آینده نگاه می کنند، به بازیهای بعدی، به سالهای بعدتر. فوتبالی ها وقتی ورزشگاه می روند حتی اگر هم تیمشان بازنده شود نمی گویند که وقتشان را تلف کرده اند. شاید می توانستند کارهای بهتر و مفیدتری کنند اما هرگز نمی گویند بیخود و بی جهت به ورزشگاه رفته اند. یک نوع شیفتگی خاص است.
همین شیفتگی است که ملت پس از بازیهای مهم مقابل استرالیا چه قبل و چه بعد از انقلاب که منجر به رفتن به جام جهانی شد یا بازی مقابل آمریکا در جام جهانی فرانسه و یا صعود تیم ملی به جام جهانی ۲۰۰۶ آلمان به خیابانها می ریزند و جشن می گیرند. صحنه هایی که شما در کتاب خیلی خوب روایت کرده اید.
فوتبال یعنی دنیای کوچک شده جامعه. در کتاب هم نوشته ام. این اتفاقات با بی برنامگی و خودانگیختگی و بی تکلفی افتاده است و چه بهتر که برنامه ریزی وجود نداشته و چه غیر منتظره تر که خودجوش بوده و چه دلپذیرتر که تکلیف و تکلفی در کار نبوده است. سطرهایی که نوشته ام تلاشی برای ثبت اتفاقات بزرگ و کوچک بوده است که من در آنها و اطراف آنها بوده ام. نگاه کرده ام و پرسه زده ام و تاثیرگذار بوده اند.
چرا به اتفاقات دهه ۸۰ فوتبال ایران هیچ اشاره ای نکرده اید؟
هنوز به اندازه کافی از دهه ۸۰ فاصله نگرفته ایم. هنوز هم با خیلی ها تعارف دارم. یادآوری بی دغدغه خاطره ها و تاریخ هر عصر و دوره معمولا پس از دور شدن از آن دوره امکان پذیر می شود.
سوال آخر، کتاب چرا تصویر ندارد، جای تصاویر خالی به نظر می رسد، این کار عمدی بوده و چون کتاب روایی بوده خواسته اید همه با خواندن تصاویر را در ذهنشان مرور کنند؟ یا اینکه دلیل دیگری داشته؟ برای ما نسل سومی ها که دهه های ۴۰ و ۵۰ و حتی اوایل دهه ۶۰ را ندیده ایم، تصاویر می توانست کمک حال باشد…
مشکلات چاپ تصاویر با کیفیت خوب داشتیم و تعداد صفحات را بالاتر می برد و با توجه به مشکلات کاغذ کل قیمت کتاب را هم بالاتر می برد. همین الان ۱۹۰۰۰ تومان قیمت کمی نیست و شاید خیلی ها و مخصوصا جوان ها نتوانند آن را بخرند. من حتی عکسهای زیادی از عکاسان ورزشی هر دوره گرفته بودم وقرار بود چاپ شود که امکانش فراهم نشد. Astroloji, insanların kişiliklerini ve davranışlarını tahmin etmek için kullanılan bir sistemdir. Burçlar, astrolojinin temelini oluşturur ve her burç, kendine özgü bir takım özelliklere sahiptir.
Astrolojiye göre, bazı burçlar diğerlerinden daha tatlı olma eğilimindedirler. Bu burçlar, genellikle sevgi dolu, şefkatli ve yardımsever oldukları için, olumlu duyguları daha yoğun olarak yaşarlar.
En tatlı burçlar
Astrolojiye göre, en tatlı burçlar şunlardır:
-
Terazi: Terazi burcu, adil, diplomatik ve uyumlu bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle anlayışlı, hoşgörülü ve yardımsever olarak görülür. Terazi burçları, genellikle başkalarının duygularını önemserler ve bu nedenle, onları mutlu etmek için ellerinden geleni yaparlar.
-
Yay: Yay burcu, özgür ruhlu, entelektüel ve maceracı bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle eğlenceli, cana yakın ve arkadaş canlısı olarak görülür. Yay burçları, genellikle yeni şeyler öğrenmeyi ve deneyimlemeyi severler ve bu nedenle, her zaman yeni insanlarla tanışmak ve yeni arkadaşlar edinmek isterler.
-
Kova: Kova burcu, bağımsız, yenilikçi ve idealist bir burç olarak bilinir. Bu özellikleri nedeniyle, genellikle zeki, yaratıcı ve yardımsever olarak görülür. Kova burçları, genellikle insanlığa faydalı olmak isterler ve bu nedenle, sosyal sorumluluk projelerine katılmaktan çekinmezler.
Bu burçların tatlı olmasının nedenleri
Bu burçların tatlı olmasının nedenleri, burçlara atfedilen olumlu özelliklerle ilgilidir. Örneğin, terazi burçları, adalet ve uyum duygusu nedeniyle tatlı olabilirler. Yay burçları, özgürlük ve macera sevgisi nedeniyle t
|
33 | 2 | 2 |
ate and familiar with the basic usage of an operating system.
Linux courses are based on a set of modules which centre around key tasks such as creating, editing and searching Linux files, controlling permissions and ownership, processing and formatting text data, and using shell scripts to perform multiple tasks. These comprehensive courses address every major Linux strand, and will position you for success in the competitive Linux marketplace. It covers all basic operating system concepts, and gives a solid grounding in Linux command, utilities, and shell features.
Modules and training materials are focused on saving you time and taking you further on your Linux career path. The general format for the course revolves around the highest quality of instruction, interaction, and learning. During the course you will be introduced to advanced administrative tasks that are unique to Linux and through practical exercises will learn how to install, configure, and interact with related applications. Highly topical, targeted and specialist modules will help delegates gain the knowledge and skills required to install, manage and tune a Linux server to meet their organisation’s critical administrative needs.
Students are given hands on training through demonstrations that have an emphasis on realistic lab and programming exercises. They are encouraged to be inquisitive and ask questions of their teachers.
Syllabuses make extensive use of practical exercises and draw heavily on a tutors own experience. Through discussions, study material and exercises you will gain knowledge about the technical aspects of Linux, including its main features, the software interfaces to access it and the main stream versions.
Teachers are dedicated professionals who have the ability to interact one-on-one with their students and who as experienced Linux instructors can accelerate your efficiency and performance with Linux.
Who is a Linux training course suitable for?
Anyone who wants an introduction to and overview of the main features of the various Linux operating systems.
IT CV templates
Questions to ask
Questions to ask training providers به گزارش اخباربانک، تاکنون نزدیک ۲۰ کارمند بانکی به علت ابتلا به کرونا، جان باخته اند، شمار دیگری نیز بستری و تحت درمان قرار گرفته اند، این آمار بالا نشان دهنده جولان کرونا در شعب بانکی است. بر این اساس، در هفته های اخیر، نظام بانکی تلاش کرده است با اتخاذ تصمیماتی، چرخه انتقال ویروس […]
|به گزارش اخباربانک، تاکنون نزدیک ۲۰ کارمند بانکی به علت ابتلا به کرونا، جان باخته اند، شمار دیگری نیز بستری و تحت درمان قرار گرفته اند، این آمار بالا نشان دهنده جولان کرونا در شعب بانکی است.
بر این اساس، در هفته های اخیر، نظام بانکی تلاش کرده است با اتخاذ تصمیماتی، چرخه انتقال ویروس کرونا در شعب بانک ها را قطع کرده و به حداقل برساند.
همچنین با توجه به آسیب مشاغل گوناگون از شیوع کرونا، نظام بانکی و بانک مرکزی تلاش کرده است، با ارایه تسهیلاتی از صاحبان مشاغل آسیب دیده حمایت کند.
پرداخت وام کمبهره به ۴ میلیون شاغل آسیبدیده از کرونا
تعویق ۳ ماهه پرداخت اقساط
طبق این بخشنامه ۱۰ رسته و گروه شغلی که بیشترین آسیب را از کرونا دیده اند، مشخص شده اند.
مراکز تولید و توزیع غذاهای آماده اعم از رستورانها، بوفهها، طباخی، تالارهای پذیرایی، قهوه خانهها، اغذیه فروشیها (و موارد مشابه به تشخیص وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت) به عنوان یکی از گروه های شغلی آسیب دیده از کرونا به شمار می روند.
مراکز مربوط به گردشگری شامل هتلها، هتل آپارتمانها، مجتمع های جهانگردی و گردشگری، مهمانپذیرها مهمانسراها، مسافرخانه ها، زائرسراها، مراکز بوم گردی، مراکز اقامتی و پذیرایی و تفریحی و خدماتی بین راهی و موارد مشابه به تشخیص وزارت میراث فرهنگی، گردشگری و صنایع دستی نیز جزو این گروه ها هستند.
از دیگر گروه های شغلی آسیب دیده می توان به حمل و نقل عمومی مسافر درون شهری و برون شهری اعم از هوایی، جاده ای، ریلی و دریایی، دفاتر خدمات مسافرتی و گردشگری، مراکز تولید و توزیع پوشاک و مراکز تولید و توزیع کیف و کفش اشاره کرد.
همچنین مراکز توزیع آجیل، خشکبار، قنادی، بستنی و آبمیوه، مراکز و مجتمع های ورزشی و تفریحی، مراکز و مجتمع های فرهنگی و آموزشی و مراکز تولید، توزیع و فروش صنایع دستی نیز به عنوان رسته های شغلی محسوب شده اند که بیشترین آسیب را از کرونا دیده اند.
بر اساس تصمیمات اخذ شده، این تعویق مشمول جریمه و کارمزد نمی شود.
گفته می شود که برخی بانک ها، اقدام به برداشت اقساط معوقه از حساب های ضامن ها کرده اند که به گفته رییس کل بانک مرکزی، اقدامی اشتباه بوده و بانک ها باید این مبلغ را بازگردانند.
عدم توقف ارایه خدمات بانکی به صاحبان چکهای برگشتی
با توجه به اصلاح قانون چک، اگر کسی چک برگشتی داشته باشد، بانک ها نمی توانند به وی خدمات بدهند، که این موضوع با تصمیم دولت برای مدت سه ماه به تعویق می افتد.
کاهش مراجعه حضوری به بانک ها و افزایش تراکنش های غیر حضوری
در نتیجه اقدامات انجام شده، برآورد می شود که تراکنشهای غیرحضوری بانکها پس از شیوع کرونا حدود ۳۷ درصد رشد کرده است.
افزایش سقف برداشت از عابر بانک ها به ۵۰۰ هزار تومان
تمدید خودکار تاریخ انقضاء کارتهای بانکی
سقف کارت به کارت ۱۰ میلیون تومان شد
افزایش شمار ورود ناموفق رمز دوم به ۵ بار
اختصاص باجه مخصوص دریافت و پرداخت اسکناس در بانکها
اجرای طرح ملی پرداخت با کد QR بدون نیاز به کارت بانکی 李大钊葬礼始末
李玉勤
李大钊像
1927年4月28日，李大钊被奉系军阀张作霖控制的北京安国军政府特别军事法庭判处死刑，牺牲时年仅38岁。由于奉系军阀高压统治，李大钊遗骨一直无法下葬。直到1933年4月，中共地下党组织通过北京大学师生和李大钊生前好友，才为李大钊发起公葬。
从容就义
李大钊（1889—1927年），字守常，河北省乐亭县人，生于1889年10月29日。1907年考入天津北洋法政专门学校学习政治经济。1913年冬，东渡日本，考入东京早稻田大学政治本科学习。
当日本帝国主义向袁世凯提出旨在灭亡中国的“二十一条”时，李大钊积极参加留日学生总会的爱国斗争，起草的《警告全国父老书》迅速传遍全国，成为举国闻名的爱国志士。
1916年，李大钊回国后，积极参与正在兴起的新文化运动。俄国十月革命的胜利极大地鼓舞和启发了他，先后发表了《法俄革命之比较观》《庶民的胜利》《布尔什维主义的胜利》等文章和演说。1919年，又发表了《新纪元》《我的马克思主义观》《再论问题与主义》等几十篇宣传马克思主义的文章。
1920年3月，李大钊在北京大学发起组织马克思学说研究会。10月，在李大钊发起下，北京的中国共产党早期组织建立。1921年中国共产党成立后，他代表党中央指导北方的工作。
1926年3月，李大钊领导并亲自参加了反对日、英帝国主义和反动军阀张作霖、吴佩孚的斗争。在极端危险和困难的情况下，继续领导党的北方组织坚持�
|
33 | 2 | 3 |
çok daha yüksek net değere sahip olmak, Başkent.
Ayrıca, bazı yönetimin amortisman giderini gelir tablosunda ayrı bir çizgi olarak raporlayacağını, diğerlerinin dolaylı olarak da dahil olmak üzere daha gizli olacağını bildirecektir. satış, genel ve idari (SG&A) masrafları, örneğin masaların amortisman masrafları için.
Her iki durumda da, bilgileri gelir tablosu aracılığıyla veya yıllık rapor veya Form 10-K dosyalama. Ayrıca bir şirketin amortisman uygulamalarını, sektör veya endüstri çünkü bazı yönetim varlıklar üzerinde makul olmayan şekilde yüksek tahmini kurtarma değerleri belirlemeye ve bu durumun emsallere göre daha düşük amortisman giderine yol açmasına neden olabilir.
Amortisman Yöntemlerinin Karşılaştırılması
|Yöntem||Yıl 1||Yıl 2||Yıl 3|
|Düz||$1,600.00||$1,600.00||$1,600.00|
|Yılların Toplamı||$2,400.00||$1,599.84||$800.16|
|Çift Azalan Bakiye||$3,200.00||$1,600.00||$0.00| Pakistan began developing its nuclear weapons programme after its neighbour India conducted its ”peaceful” nuclear test in 1974. During the next 20 years, Pakistan made substantial efforts to develop a uranium enrichment programme for nuclear weapons at the Abdul Qadeer Khan Laboratories.
With help from Canada, China and France, Pakistan gained the capability in the late 1980s to rapidly develop a nuclear weapon. After India’s nuclear test in May 1998, Pakistan conducted a series of nuclear tests over the course of two days to demonstrate its nuclear-weapons capability. A Q Khan, the father of Pakistan’s nuclear weapon programme, later engaged in substantial trade of illicit nuclear technology on the nuclear black market with states including Libya and North Korea.
Pakistan is rapidly developing and enhancing its nuclear-weapons capability. Estimating the exact size and composition of the Pakistani nuclear arsenal is difficult, as no official data has been published. Federation of American Scientists, FAS, estimates that Pakistan currently maintains an arsenal of 120-130 nuclear weapons.
Pakistan deploys its nuclear arsenal partly on fighter-bomber aircraft and partly on land-based ballistic missiles. While it is unclear which types of aircraft the Pakistan Air Force have assigned a nuclear role, Pakistan currently maintains the following aircraft fleet:
- F-16A/B: Pakistan gained 40 F-16A/B from the United States in the 1980s, as well as an additional 85 F-16s delivered between 2005 and 2008. The F-16 fleet has since been upgraded with a mid-life upgrade (MDU).
- Mirage V: The SIPRI Yearbook 2014 suggests the French Mirage V is a more likely candidate for a nuclear role, due to the fact that the earlier Mirage III model has been used extensiely for testing the new Ra’ad air-launched cruise missile, a missile which might be intended for delivering nuclear weapons. Pakistan has also developed and in-flight refueling capability for the Mirage V through the Russian Il-78, allowing the Mirage V to gain an increased operational range, a factor that is considered essential for long-range nuclear strikes.
- JF-17: Pakistan has recently acquired the Chinese-produced JF-17, which might be intended as a replacement to the aging Mirage V.
- Abdali (Hatf-2): The Abdali is a short-range ballistic missile with a limited range of about 180 km. According to the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), the Abdali is able to carry both nuclear and conventional warheads, providing ”operational level capability to Pakistan’s Strategic Forces”.
- Ghaznavi (Hatf-3): The Ghaznavi, according to the ISI, is a short-range (290 km) ballistic missile. The missile can also carry either nuclear or conventional warheads. The missile was tested on April 22 and May 8, 2014. An ISI press release stated that the successful launch was ”another milestone which has further strengthened the defence potential of Pakistan”, indicating a tactical nuclear role for the Ghaznavi.
- Shaheen I (Hatf-4): According to the ISI, the Shaheen 1 is a short-range ballistic missile with both a nuclear and conventional capability, able to deliver warheads at up to 900 km. The 900-km range indicates that the ISI is actually referring to the Shaheen 1-A, an extended-range version of the Shaheen 1.
- Shaheen II (Hatf-6): The Shaheen 2 is an intermediate-range ballistic missile, most recently tested on November 13, 2014. After many years of uncertainty over the missile’s status, Pakistani military officials have hailed it as ”yet another milestone towards consolidation of full spectrum minimum deterrence”. According to the ISI, the missile is able to deliver both nuclear and conventional warheads to targets up to 1500 km away.
- Ghauri (Hatf-5): The Ghauri is a liquid-fuelled and road-mobile medium-range ballistic missile able to deliver warheads up to 1250 km. According to the SIPRI it is based on the North Korean Nodong missile. The missile is believed to have entered service into Pakistan’s strategic forces in 2003, with fewer than 50 launchers deployed. The missile was last tested on November 28, 2012.
- Nasr (Hatf-9): The Nasr is a road-mobile short-range ballistic missile equipped with multiple launch tubes with a very limited 60-km range, indicating its likely role as a tactical battlefield nuclear weapon platform. The Nasr is described as a nuclear ”quick response system” intended to deter threats at shorter ranges, being able to rapidly withdraw after firing in a ”shoot and scoot” manner.
- Babur (Hatf-7): The Babur an indigenously produced ground-launched cruise missile that can be fired from mobile multi-tube launchers. ISI claims it incorporates stealth features and has a nuclear capability. The missile has a 700-km range and was last test-launched on September 17, 2012.
- Ra’ad (Hatf-8): The Ra’ad is an air-launched cruise missile having a 350-km range. According to the SIPRI World Yearbook, the missile was last test-launched on May 31, 2012.
Nuclear weapon modernization
Pakistan is rapidly developing and enhancing its nuclear weapons capability, and this trend is likely to continue at a rapid pace in the coming years, especially as Pakistan faces the challenge of Indian efforts to deploy a nuclear triad of land-, air- and sea-based nuclear forces.
A worrying trend with Pakistani nuclear weapon modernization efforts is the increasing attention given to cruise and ballistic short-range missile systems. This indicates that Pakistan is currently attempting to develop a wide spectrum of missile systems intended for battlefield use against an outside aggressor’s military forces, most likely India’s. The development of such short-range systems is worrying because these tactical nuclear weapons must be ”forward-deployed” for them to have a deterrent effect. This can cause Pakistan to be vulnerable to a ”use-or-lose” dilemma in an actual conflict, giving Pakistan a strong incentive to ”use” these weapons before they are lost as an attacker advances. The use of such weapons carries additional risk, as any use of tactical nuclear weapons entails the risk of escalation to longer-range nuclear weapons, widening the theatre of battle from the tactical to the strategic level.
Nuclear weapons in national security strategy
Pakistan has no official nuclear weapons doctrine, but through statements and documents made by Pakistani civil and military channels it is still possible to deduce the role of nuclear weapons in the country’s national security strategy. Pakistan views nuclear weapons as its most valuable and important means to maintain national sovereignty. This is made clear in the article ”Pakistan’s Nuclear Imperatives” by General Mirza Aslam Beg, where he stated that ”Oxygen is basic to life, and one does not debate its desirability, nuclear deterrence has assumed that life-saving property for Pakistan”.
Most experts believe Pakistan’s nuclear weapons are intended to counter neighbouring India – both militarily and politically—in order to deter both a conventional attack from India’s superior conventional forces, and in order to respond to a possible attack with nuclear and/or conventional weapons. The statements made by Pakistani officials in regards to nuclear weapons often follow Indian statements, but differ on one important count. Pakistan has not made a no first-use pledge with regard to nuclear weapons. The reason for this might be Pakistan’s inferior position in conventional military forces. Avoiding a no first-use pledge might therefore be a way for Pakistan to enhance its deterrence capability, by leaving it unclear as to whether Pakistan will respond to a conventional attack with nuclear weapons.
The current trend towards a great number of shorter-range missile systems could quite possibly be interpreted a response to India’s new ”Cold Start” doctrine. Developed after the Mumbai attacks in 2008, the ”Cold Start” doctrine calls for rapid mobilization of Indian forces in the event of a conflict. These would then be used to penetrate the Pakistan border and overwhelm Pakistani forces with dispersed combat units in order to seize limited territorial targets before Pakistan or other powers could intervene. Through the development of highly mobile quick-response short-range nuclear-capable launchers, Pakistan could gain an increased capability to rapidly target advancing enemy forces.
Fissile material inventory
Pakistan currently maintains two plutonium production reactors, the Khushab-I and Khushab-II, which were put in operation in 1998 and late 2009 or early 2010 respectively. Two additional reactors are currently under construction at the same site, which will bring the number of plutonium production reactors to four. The reactors are believed to operate at 40-50 MWt. According to the International Panel on Fissile Materials, each of these reactors can produce 6-12 kg of plutonium annually, enough for 1-3 nuclear weapons each year, depending on weapon design. Four of these reactors could produce a total of 25-50 kgs of plutonium annually.
Last update: March 16, 2017 William Hart had a predilection for intense colours, an attribute that would have pleased Gould. Though he commenced medical training, Hart was forced to abandon his studies due to lack of finance. He then turned to making his living as a colourer.
Commencing work for Gould in the summer of 1851, Hart made the patterns (master illustrations to be copied by the colouring workshop) for the humming birds and coloured the metallic parts of the plates. He also worked on The Birds of Great Britain with H C Richter.
By 1870 Hart was Gould's chief artist and lithographer, and frequently coloured the finished plates. During this period he worked on The Birds of New Guinea and lithographed 141 of Gould's sketches.
Following Gould's death in 1881, Hart was employed by Dr R Bowdler-Sharpe to complete Gould's work on The Birds of New Guinea. Hart's best work was on the Birds of Paradise in The Birds of New Guinea - their bright colours suiting his tendency to overcolour. 是指医疗机构在医疗、预防、保健以及其他相关活动中产生的具有直接或间接感染性、毒性以及其他危害性的废物，具体包括感染性、病理性、损伤性、药物性、化学性废物。这些废物含有大量的细菌性病毒，而且有一定的空间污染、急性病毒传染和潜伏性传染的特征，如不加强管理、随意丢弃，任其混入生活垃圾、流散到人们生活环境中，就会污染大气、水源、土地以及动植物，造成疾病传播，严重危害人的身心健康。所有与生活垃圾不可以混放。
相关人员——1.直接产生者：做一级处理，既简单处理。如：用消毒水浸泡等。2.医院指定责任人：做二级处理。如：分装打包等。3.专职人员：可以是环卫部门或卫生部门指定人员，其职责是做彻底无害化处理。专用物品——1.专门的塑料袋：黄色的，禁止装生活垃圾，只能装医用垃圾，如敷料等。2.专门的垃圾桶：黄色的，禁止扔生活垃圾，只能扔医用垃圾，如注射器。3.硫代硫酸钠专门的容器：禁止存放其他物品，只能盛装医用垃圾，如化学试剂等。
液氯作为一种目前普遍的消毒剂，广泛的应用在各个领域，是目前为止使用的水处理消毒方法。主要特点是工业产品瓶装液氯来源广泛、可靠，加氯消毒的一次性设备投资和运行费用较低，同时消毒效果比较稳定，有比较成熟的设计经验，因而应用比较广泛，不足之处在于经过近20年的应用之后，人们发现：一方面，氯气是一种有毒气体，因而在运输、使用过程中必须十分小心，防止氯气的泄露；另一方面，用氯处理含有机物的废水，特别是含腐殖酸的水，能生成卤代烃（三卤甲烷，氯代烃等），而这种物质对人体组织具有极大的破坏性并有致癌作用。除此之外，液氯消毒对某些病毒、芽孢无效。采用液氯法消毒
|
33 | 3 | 0 |
�。
国王的态度使墨索里尼的统治发生动摇。据非常多国家驻义大利大使馆获得的情报，不排除墨索里尼有辞职大概。美国大使馆1935年9
月24日向华盛顿报告说:”罗马”保守派人士”以为……墨索里尼将要被迫辞职。现今到处传布有关领袖前途的猜测，在罗马有人说已物色了一位接班人。”据说这位接班人就是总参谋长、非法西斯分子巴多里奥陆军元帅。正是他在1943年了月被国王任命接替墨索里尼职务。国王具有一定决定权和影响这一点，墨索里尼本人也承认。他曾说，1935年，义大利有两个最重要的人物，一个是国王维托里奥·埃马努埃莱三世，另一个是教皇庇护十一世。
后来，墨索里尼还是在说服国王之后才能进行这壹次战争冒险。 1935年10月2
日，他向全国发布有关进行这场战争的讯息之前，进宫向国王报告有关情况。这壹次，国王明确表示支援发动这场战争。他说:”我深知这场战争的困难性，而且我也注意到非常多将军和海军上将所表现出的担心”。但是，”现今我与领袖并肩前进！”
国王决定权和影响的最终证明是他于1943年6
-7月间策划、组织把墨索里尼赶下台。1942年底，义大利军队在战场接连失利，门内出现政治经济危机。
1943年3月由都灵10
万工人大罢工引发的人民反法西斯起义的蓬勃发展，使权势集团人士十分恐慌，他们希望义大利退出战争。但是，墨索里尼一意孤行，坚持要与纳粹德国为伍，继续进行。统治阶级内部矛盾加剧。
国王在取得垄断资产阶级、三军高阶将领和反墨索里尼的法西斯大委员会委员的支援后，策划发动政变结束墨索里尼的独裁统治。他一面派约赛公主、达奥斯塔公爵和巴多里奥元帅祕密与英、美两国联络，以取得它们的支援，一面委托宫廷大臣达夸罗内代表他同当时国内业已形成的两个”倒墨”集团进行接触。
一个是以亲英、美的格兰迪、齐亚诺为首，由法西斯大委员会部分委员和法西斯党的其他领导人组成，另一个由与王室关系密切的保皇派和三军高阶将领组成，包括前内政大臣费德尔佐尼、前国防大臣迪亚兹元帅和总参谋长安布罗西奥将军。他们提出把国家大权”还给国王”。这两个集团互相对立，但都以国王为偶像，并接受其控制。经达夸罗内协调，双方就将墨索里尼赶下台达成共识。
1943年6月3日，国王召见法西斯和职团议会议长格兰迪，商议和拟定有关召开法西斯大委员会会议逼迫墨索里尼交权的计划。墨索里尼被迫同意召开法西斯大委员会会议。
7 月24日下午5
时15分，会议在墨索里尼主持下正式开始。格兰迪在会上宣读由18名大委员会委员签名，并得到国王批准的议案。该议案说，”法西斯大委员会研究了国内外形势和战局的发展后宣布，捍卫祖国的独立与自由，捍卫国家自统一以来四代义大利人流血牺牲所取得的成果和义大利人的神圣义务，为此，与会者要求墨索里尼立即把国家的全部决定权归还国王，归还法四斯大委员会、政府和议会……”。格兰迪读完提案后，双方发生激烈争吵。7
月25日凌晨2 时40分就议案进行表决，结果是”票赞成，7 票反对，1 票弃权和1
人拒绝投票，议案获得通过。
墨索里尼回到书房，有人建议他逮捕格兰迪和其他投赞成票者。墨索里尼以为为时尚早。他说国王是他最好的朋友，”我过一会儿去见国王，亲自同他谈谈看”。他认为这壹次仍可得到国王支援。本来议案正是国王策划起草的。大委员会开会这一夜，埃马努埃莱三世彻夜未眠，惴惴不安地期待着会议的结果。
早晨7时达夸罗内送来会议通过的议案文字，他才放心。
上午11时，墨索里尼打电话要求谒见国王。国王约他下午5
时进宫。王室成员同格兰迪就新政府首脑人选进行磋商。格兰迪提出由第一次世界大战期间的陆军元帅卡维利亚担任。国王提出的人选是巴多里奥。最后确定巴多里奥。还商定在墨索里尼离开王宫时将其逮捕。
下午5时，墨索里尼准时到达王宫。他先向国王报告国内政局及战场概况，接着谈了大委员会会议的有关情况。他说，”这壹次会议的决议是无效的”。他没有料到，国王一反往日的恭谨，打断墨索里尼的话，表示支援会议的决议，坚持要他辞职，交出一切决定权。这犹如当头一棒，墨索里尼顿时目瞪口呆，无言以对。数分钟后才说了一句:”我非常遗憾”。国王告诉他，”你的人身安全将得到保障”，并且说，己任命一个新政府。国王说完，起身送墨索里尼出门。
当墨索里尼走出门外时，即被事前埋伏在四周的罗马宪兵队逮捕。他们得到的命令是，假如逃跑或有人营救，就将其击毙。事实上，他既未拒捕或逃跑，也没有人来救他。在墨索里尼被捕的讯息传出后，没有一个法西斯分子提出抗议，更没有一个他的忠实信徒武装起事。
同日，埃马努埃莱三世亲自兼任义大利军队最高统帅，任命陆军元帅巴多里奥为首相。当天，巴多里奥组成摒除法西斯领导人的新内阁。义大利政府解散国家法西斯党。
法西斯极权独裁统治就这样被推翻了。其直接原因当然是在国王策划下义大利统治阶级各个权势集团联合起来，组成反墨索里尼联盟，并发动了一场”宫廷政变”的结果。从根本上说，还是由于世界反法西斯战争的胜利进军，导致法西斯政权出现严重的统治危机。此时，苏联军队已在库尔斯克会战中粉碎了德军最后一次夺取战略主动权的大规模进攻，转入全面反攻，美英盟军已解放北非，登陆西西里，并首次以500
余架飞机轰炸罗马;在义大利国内，自3
月都灵、热那亚及伦巴第地区工人相继举行反政府游行以来，反法西斯斗争进一步高涨。所有这一切，均加剧了义大利统治阶级的内部矛盾，面临盟军攻入义大利本土上的紧急形势，这才促使义大利国王和各个权势集团的代表人物采取了果断行动。 Bugün için de aklımızda tutmamız gereken bu basit gerçeği, İslamiyetçi "Sebilürreşat" dergisinde, Türkçü Yusuf Akçura, iyi anlatmaktadır.
"Efendiler, büyük veya küçük her sermayedar kapana tutacağı fert veya millet hakkında aynı usulü takip eder, kapana yem asar, yani ferde veya millete ödünç para verir, ikrazatta bulunur.
Pekala bilirsiniz ki, oğlunu evlendirmek için, yahut tarlasını alabilmek için, kasabada Agop Ağa'ya borçlanmış köylü Mehmet Ağa, bir daha bu borcundan kurtulup felah bulamaz, evi barkı, tarlası, hepsi nihayet Agop Ağa'nın mülkü olup gider.
Agop Ağa daha işin başından Mehmet'i bin tatlı sözle muttasıl borçlanmaya teşvik eder.
Bu küçücük misali büyütünüz...
Avrupa büyük sermayesinin, Osmanlı Bankası namını taşıyan İngiliz-Fransız bankası, Credit Lyonnais, Deutsche Bank, Banco di roma... vasıtalarıyla (Türkiye'yi) nasıl zapt ve yağma ettiklerini anlarsınız." Pine family (Pinaceae)
Description: This coniferous tree is typically 80-120' at maturity. It has an unbranched central trunk up to 4' in diameter and whorls of lateral branches that are more or less horizontal. The crown of the tree is conical, becoming more flat-topped and irregular with age. The bark of the trunk is dark gray and rough; it is fissured into irregular square plates. The bark of smaller branches is gray and smooth with small lenticels. There are 2 types of needles: new growth on the tips of twigs have green needles up to 1" long that are appressed to ascending. More mature twigs have green to blue-green needles 3-5" long that are arranged in clusters of 5 (although some needles may be missing from a cluster). These longer needles are widely spreading, somewhat soft, and slightly twisted; they usually persist for 2 years, after which they turn brown and fall off.
Eastern White Pine is monoecious, bearing separate pollen (male) and seed (female) cones on the same tree. The seed cones are wind-pollinated, with the pollen traveling up to 200-700 ft. The pollen cones occur in spike-like clusters up to 2" long;
|
33 | 3 | 1 |
aveva fallito perche' aveva collegato Dio alla ragione umana e questa si era rivelata perdente nel confronto con l'osservazione empirica. Dopo Cartesio, il vescovo Berkeley (1685-1753) radicalizzo' questa posizione, chiamando Iddio a garantire non soltanto la coerenza ma l'esistenza stessa del creato: se esistere e' essere percepiti, cio' che non e' percepito dall'uomo deve la sua esistenza all'essere percepito da Dio.
Una applicazione semplificata dell'epistemologia Cartesiana alla scienza e' dovuta a vari scienziati, tra i quali il chimico G.E. Stahl, che videro Dio soprattutto nel ruolo di Creatore: l'universo esiste secondo le sue leggi, che lo scienziato indaga, e non richiede l'intervento di Dio; ma Dio ne e' stato in origine il Creatore e il Legislatore. Questa ipotesi fu presentata con la fortunata metafora dell'orologio, che funziona anche in assenza dell'orologiaio al quale deve la sua esistenza, e ne esegue il progetto.
L'ipotesi Cartesiana e', come abbiamo detto, logicamente inattaccabile, ma e' stata ritenuta sostanzialmente inutile da molti filosofi e scienziati moderni che hanno elaborato una epistemologia atea: le leggi della natura non richiedono nessun garante, tanto piu' che la garanzia Cartesiana e' soltanto teorica e non conoscibile. Un punto a favore di questa critica e' l'esistenza di eventi (apparentemente) casuali, sui quali evidentemente il Creatore non offre garanzie. All'epoca di Cartesio, e ancora molti anni dopo, si riteneva che l'universo fosse rigorosamente deterministico e che quindi la sua regolarita' fosse un dato incontrovertibile; la scoperta della natura probabilistica di alcuni eventi non contraddice l'ipotesi di Cartesio (Dio potrebbe essere autore di leggi probabilistiche anziche' deterministiche) ma la rende meno appetibile.
Quanto detto ci porta a riconoscere tre diverse teorie sulla relazione tra fede e scienza: quella Platonica per cui la ragione prevale sull'esperimento, cristianizzata grazie alla subordinazione della retta ragione alla fede; quella Cartesiana che permette il prevalere dell'esperimento sulla ragione svincolando quest'ultima dalla fede, invocata ora solo come garante della coerenza dell'universo e delle sue leggi; e quella atea che non solo fa prevalere l'esperimento sulla ragione ma nega qualunque ruolo alla fede e rinuncia a qualunque garanzia trascendente.
Nessuno scienziato e' oggi uomo di fede nel senso Platonico, semplicemente perche' l'accezione Platonica del rapporto tra fede e filosofia della natura e' totalmente incompatibile con la metodologia della scienza post-Rinascimentale. Alcuni scienziati sono uomini di fede nel senso Cartesiano, mentre altri sono atei e non v'e' nessun contrasto tra queste due visioni della scienza perche' non comportano discrepanze metodologiche; ovvero la fede dello scienziato Cartesiano e' essenzialmente esterna alla sua pratica scientifica.
Siamo in grado ora di fare una osservazione sulla teoria del disegno intelligente o su altre possibili ipotesi che cercano di collegare fede e scienza. Il Disegno Intelligente e' una ipotesi Platonica, quindi metodologicamente inaccettabile: infatti cerca di trarre conclusioni positive con un ragionamento basato sulla presunta insufficienza dei dati sperimentali. Il teorico del disegno intelligente sostiene che l'esistente e' troppo complesso e organizzato per essere frutto del caso e pertanto implica un progetto trascendente: cio' che si presume non spiegabile (la complessita') anziche' essere un limite della nostra capacita' di comprendere diventa una dimostrazione dell'Idea Platonica. Ma argomentare qualcosa di positivo basandolo sull'insufficienza (presunta) di cio' che abbiamo capito e' un passo piu' lungo della gamba: cio' che non sappiamo non e' un fondamento su cui costruire. L'ipotesi del disegno intelligente utilizza implicitamente i postulati del Platonismo cristianizzato: ipotizza un progetto trascendente, e poiche' questo non si rivela nell'osservazione se non in forma negativa, di complessita' non spiegata, afferma che e' lecito intuirlo e postularlo col ragionamento. Il teorico del disegno intelligente vorrebbe essere scienziato e uomo di fede ma fallisce in entrambi i ruoli perche' sovrainterpreta i suoi dati e perche' la sua pretesa di "mettersi nei panni di Dio" e ricostruirne le intenzioni e' blasfema.
Le alte gerarchie della Chiesa Cattolica attuale sembrano prediligere una visione Platonica del rapporto tra fede e scienza non soltanto nel loro appoggio all'ipotesi del disegno intelligente: si vorrebbe, col tramite dell'etica cristiana, indicare la direzione della ricerca medica e i risultati da ricercare in molti campi che vanno dallo studio delle cellule staminali embrionali alla diagnostica e terapia prenatale o alla nosologia delle perversioni sessuali. Molto chiaramente, le alte gerarchie ecclesiastiche hanno in mente nelle sue grandi linee il progetto trascendente dell'universo e si sentono in dovere di indicare quali linee di ricerca siano con esso eticamente coerenti e quali siano invece empie. Se questo atteggiamento e' in fondo coerente con il ruolo morale della religione, e quindi non criticabile, sono pero' criticabili i sotterfugi logici di cui si serve quando chiama in sua difesa la testimonianza di famosi scienziati cattolici. Infatti, come abbiamo visto, nessuno scienziato che possa dirsi tale e' cattolico o religioso secondo l'accezione Platonica del termine, che e' pero' la sola a giustificare le pretese di egemonia e morale del cattolicesimo oltranzista.
Sul versante opposto, la scienza ha oggi qualcosa da dire sulla religione? Io credo che qui sia il nocciolo del contrasto tra scienza e religione, perche' alcune scoperte scientifiche mettono gravemente in crisi alcuni fondamenti della dottrina Cattolica. A costo di essere banale, provero' ad elencarne alcuni. La cosmologia e la biologia descritte nel Pentateuco sono cosi' ovviamente inammissibili dal punto di vista scientifico che neppure la Chiesa assegna loro piu' che un valore simbolico o allegorico; ma naturalmente non era cosi' all'epoca di Galileo (costretto all'abiura formale delle sue posizioni) e di Giordano Bruno (che fini' sul rogo). L'immortalita' dell'anima e' un problema piu' scottante: la medicina ha descritto (e talvolta curato) molte malattie neurologiche che compromettono funzioni tradizionalmente assegnate all'anima; e la neurofisiologia ha assegnato queste funzioni ad aree specifiche del cervello. Ad esempio le quattro virtu' cardinali (prudenza, giustizia, fortezza e temperanza) sono connesse a funzioni cognitive superiori, assegnabili alle aree associative della corteccia cerebrale e sono certamente alterate dalle malattie neurodegenerative quali il morbo di Alzheimer o la demenza aterosclerotica; questo rende molto difficile credere ad un'anima immortale, svincolata dal supporto materiale del cervello.
C'e' inoltre una generica ingenuita' nelle religioni rivelate, che si basano su libri profetici di presunta ispirazione divina, quali la Bibbia o il Vangelo, perche' tutte le scienze, dalla storiografia all'astronomia, dimostrano che il profeta non ha rivelato che nozioni comuni della sua epoca. Provate a leggere la Bibbia: ci troverete la storia delle vicende politiche e militari relative ad un certo periodo della storia una tribu' seminomade che abitava una piccola regione del vicino oriente. Non vi si parla della storia di altri popoli e di altre regioni, note forse al Creatore ma certamente non al profeta. Se questo non basta a dimostrare che il Libro non sia l'oggetto di una rivelazione trascendente, dimostra pero' che la rivelazione e' "locale" e quindi relativa. La Chiesa si pretende portatrice di una morale assoluta, di origine trascendente e nota per rivelazione divina; ma tutta la nostra conoscenza ci dimostra invece che la rivelazione nota e' relativa e incompleta. A riprova di questo considerate come la morale Cristiana si sia evoluta nella storia: oggi le crociate o l'inquisizione sono empie e inammissibili ma prima erano pietose e necessarie.
Domande o commenti? Scrivi una mail.
| || | Descrizione:
Test Divertente Nel Quale dovrete Dimostrare di non Essere stupidi! Tutte le Domande Sono Abbastanza Semplici ma se Prese sotto gamba o se non leggerete bene cio Che vi si Richiede cadrete presto nda Tranelli del quiz. Utilizzate il Tasto sinistro del topo per Seleziona una La risposta Che Secondo voi è giusta.
Incorpora questo gioco sul tuo sito web: If you're hunting for food on a pitch-black night, it helps to bring a flashlight.
That's exactly how reef-dwelling Anomalops katoptron fish find and gobble up their planktonic prey, German scientists found.
Splitfin flashlight fish have bean-shaped organs beneath their eyes that host light-producing bacteria. The fish can turn this light on and off by blinking, sending Morse code-like signals into the deep abyss.
While many other ocean creatures are bioluminescent, relatively little is known about reason for this particular fish's blinking patterns.
The scientists, who published their findings this week in the journal PLOS ONE, sought to learn just how these fish use their "flashlights."
Jens Hellinger, a zoologist with Ruhr-University Bochum in Germany, and other researchers studied the school of flashlight fish in artificial coral reef tanks under various lab conditions.
In the darkness of night, the fish blinked very frequently, at about 90 blinks per minute, the team found. The fish's lights were on and off for roughly the same length of time.
But when the fish detected living planktonic prey at night, they kept their lights on longer. Fish in the experimental tank blinked five times less frequently than they did when there wasn't any prey around.
During the day, when fish retreated to a cave inside the tank, they blinked only about nine times per minute, with longer stretches of off-time for their flashlight organs.
All this suggests that splitfin flashlight fish use their bioluminescent light to detect prey during the night, Hellinger said in a news release. They also adjust their blinking frequency to fit their current situation.
However, the findings are still preliminary, the researchers noted.
Hellinger and his colleagues said additional field research is needed to see whether Anomalops katoptron display the same behavior outside the lab and in the wild.
In their natural environment, in the Banda Sea near Indonesia, the flashlight fish live in coral reefs. They're typically more active on moonless nights and spend their days tucked inside reef caves and crevices. 雅赫德尔！ 是一个 Heardle 克隆，让您有机会在听到歌曲的短片后猜一首歌。 Heardle 从 5 月 4 日起关闭，Ya Heardle！ 保留核心体验，每天播放一首新歌供您锻炼。 本指南为每首日常歌曲提供了提示，并列出了每个 Ya Heardle 的答案！ 拼图，因此除了每日剪辑之外，您还可以获得帮助。
有关的：今天的 Byrdle 答案 – 每日更新
今天的 Ya Heardle 的提示和技巧！ 谜
在您深入了解今天的 Ya Heardle 之前！ 答案，我们认为我们可以为您提供一些提示，帮助您找出今天难题的答案。 请参阅下面的这些提示，如果无法解决问题，请尝试自己解决这首歌，然后向下滚动到答案。
- 今天这首歌的艺术家是一组。
- 多年来，这个小组由六个人组成。
- 该小组中至少有一名成员继续取得了令人难以置信的成功音乐生涯。
- 一名乐队成员与埃德·希兰 (Ed Sheeran) 合唱了他的歌曲 Happier 的一个版本。
今天是雅赫德尔！ 回答
今天是雅赫德尔！ 回答 4月24日 如下。 我们还包括了这首歌的官方音乐视频，这样您就可以将游戏中听到的音乐与官方曲目放在一起。
- 雅赫德尔！ 4月24日回复： Mic Checka（混音）– Das EFX。
以前的雅赫德尔！ 答案
下面，我们列出了每个 Ya Heardle！ 自从我们开始报道游戏以来就回答了。 这是一个很好的列表，可以检查您认为可能是未来答案的歌曲是否已经出现。
- 雅赫德尔！ 4月24日回复： Mic Checka（混音）– Das EFX
- 雅赫德尔！ 4月23日答案： 您不必再受伤了——完好无损。
- 雅赫德尔！ 4月22日的答案: Can’t Nobody Hold Me Down (feat. Mase) – 老爹。
- 雅赫德尔！ 4月21日的答案：法案，法案，法案——命运之子。
如何玩 Ya Heardle！
要玩 Ya Heardle!，您需要打开 官方网站 和 按屏幕底部中央的播放按钮. 这将播放每日歌曲的一小段。 您可以跳过多秒以增加您听到的歌曲介绍的数量。 然后，您需要使
|
33 | 3 | 2 |
责票务销售的英国AEG公司目前面临巨大的退票压力，预计损失的总额高达8500万美元。AEG公司在演唱会前期已投入了2000玩美元的运作资金，原本计划于7月13日开始的伦敦演唱会预计收入会在4.5亿美元左右。就在杰克逊突然病逝之前，他一直在忙于准备演唱会。现在购买门票的歌迷已陆续开始申请办理退票。
杰克逊的经纪人弗兰克·迪莱奥表示，他看上去非常乐观，已经为复出演唱会做足了准备，他非常希望能恢复以往的巨星风采，并借此还掉他的部分债务，同时还要向他们的孩子们展示他为何被全世界的人们称为流行之王。迪莱奥说，“他告诉我，他非常高兴，事情正向他期望的那样在运作。” 林筱/文 Physical punishment of children, such as spanking, is increasingly linked with long-term adverse consequences, researchers wrote.
An analysis of research conducted since the 1990 adoption of the UN's Convention on the Rights of the Child suggests that no studies have found positive consequences of physical punishment, according to Joan Durrant, PhD, of the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, and Ron Ensom, MSW, of the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario in Ottawa.
While some studies have found little effect either way, most research has uncovered a range of negative outcomes, including increased aggression and later delinquency, Durrant and Ensom wrote online in CMAJ.
The clinical implication, they suggested, is that doctors who are familiar with the research can help parents find more constructive ways of providing discipline.
"In doing so, physicians strengthen child well-being and parent–child relationships at the population level," they wrote.
They noted that as recently as 1992, physical punishment of children was widely accepted, thought of as distinct from abuse, and considered "appropriate" as a way of eliciting desired behavior.
But research under way at that time was beginning to draw links between physical punishment and aggression in childhood, later delinquency, and spousal assault.
One important question was the direction of causality: Did aggressive, difficult children get punished or did punishment lead to aggression?
Large prospective studies in the mid- to-late 1990s, controlling for children's antisocial behavior and a host of other possible confounders, showed that physical punishment predicted later antisocial behavior.
And in a randomized trial of an intervention designed to reduce difficult behavior, parents were trained to reduce the use of physical punishment. The parental behavior changes were paralleled by a significant drop in difficult behavior in the children, Durrant and Ensom noted.
Later research showed associations between physical punishment and mental health, the risk of physical injury, poor parent-child relationships, and family violence in adulthood, they added.
Physical punishment has been linked with a variety of psychiatric disorders in children and adults, including depression, anxiety, and drug and alcohol abuse. More recent research suggests physical punishment slows cognitive development and hampers academic achievement.
As well, neuroimaging research suggests physical punishment actually reduces the volume of grey matter in regions associated with performance on intelligence tests, as well as causing alterations in dopaminergic regions linked to drug and alcohol abuse.
The mounting research has led professional organizations to look askance at physical punishment. The Canadian Pediatric Society, Durrant and Ensom noted, "strongly discourages" it, while the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says "corporal punishment is of limited effectiveness and has potentially deleterious side effects."
The AAP recommends that physicians encourage parents to find other ways of maintaining discipline.
"Physicians have a primary responsibility for translating research and evidence into guidance for parents and children," the researchers concluded, "and they are credible and influential voices for advancing public education and policy concerning population health."
They can educate parents on what childhood behaviors are typical, suggest different approaches, and, if needed, refer patients to programs that will help them improve parenting skills.
Ensom is part of an initiative to study physical punishment at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario.
Durrant and Ensom did not report any external support or any financial links with industry.
- Reviewed by Robert Jasmer, MD Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco and Dorothy Caputo, MA, RN, BC-ADM, CDE, Nurse Planner Addition and Subtraction Properties
Something about Addition
The first thing you should know about Addition is that the order of adding is not important.
They even have a complicated name for it: Commutative Property.
Here, look at this:
You see? When we add the numbers - we get the same result on both sides:
The same goes for 3 or more numbers. You can add in any order you like - you'll get the same result.
This one is called (don't try to remember it): Associative Property.
Here, we start the same on both sides:
but group (add) numbers differently:
and at the end - we get the same result:
Adding a zero
Finally, adding a zero - is actually adding noting - or more accurately not adding anything:
Something about Subtraction
OK, let's see what applies to Subtraction.
Here, check this out:
Subtraction - Addition connection
Then see this:
Do you see? This is why:
And that is the conneciton between Addition and Subtraction.
Subtracting a zero
And of course, subtracting a zero from a number makes no difference also:
If we take away zero = nothing, then we did not take anything. :-) For the past year, Professor Hawkins - mathematician, astronomer, archaeoastronomer, and author (Stonehenge Decoded, Beyond Stonehenge ) - has let stand his challenge to an international cadre of mathematicians, as well as to a quarter-million readers of Science News, to come up with the Fifth Crop Circle Theorem he uncovered through his studies of these incredible Formations. NO ONE successfully met his challenge.
The only clue Dr Hawkins offered was that Theorem Five was a general one from which four others, all of which he had previously discovered through his mathematical Circles analyses, might be derived. The challenge was to wrap one's brain around a theorem which hadn't yet 'been born' into our reality, state it, and prove it using Euclidean methods.
Dr Hawkins discovered all five Euclidean hypotheses by carefully analysing the relationships between the areas and diameters of the Circles and Rings as they occurred within the Formations. The previously published four theorems dealt with the relationships of the areas of regular polygons and their inscribed and circumscribed circles (reprinted below).
A circumscribed circle is one which encloses and contacts a regular polygon's angles. Imagine a triangle with three equal sides, then draw a circle around it such that the circle's radius is the distance between the centre point of the triangle and an apex. By using the same centre but decreasing the radius so that the circle's circumference touches each of the inner-aspects of the triangle's sides, one draws its inscribed circle.
Since the professor issued his challenge, the time he allotted for feedback from math students and teachers is now up, and as he promised he would, he's let us in on his secret ...
Dr Hawkins' point in withholding the Fifth Theorem was to emphasise how difficult it is to realise a new one. Once a theorem is stated, it is relatively easy to 'prove'. Being the first to come up with a 'new' theorem is the hard part!
The Fifth Theorem, according to Dr Hawkins, fits into Euclid's thirteenth book of his three-volume Elements tome, "somewhere after Proposition 12" - yet Euclid had not included it. Nor was the professor able to locate any of these Crop Circle Theorems in any mathematics text or reference book, ancient or modern!
"What sort of intellectual/psychological profile is needed," wondered Dr H, "to understand those who go one step further than Euclid? And for what purpose are our Circles designed?"
What has occurred because of the Crop Circles and Dr Hawkins' insightful study of them is quite extraordinary :
These Five Circle Theorems had not been integrated into human understanding until the CircleMakers shone their Lights (as it were ;-) upon these Patterns in our fields. Under the patient tutelage of the CircleMakers, Dr H slowly came to recognise these esoteric mathematical Truths - which, in fact, most of the Patterns hold. His lessons, admits the good doctor, were ongoing throughout the day: while he was showering, while driving and eating ...
In still other words: As a direct result of the Crop Circles' arrivals, five new mathematical truths have been added to the geometer's lexicon.
As does Dr Hawkins, I know that many of us also delight in pondering the Question of Questions: Who, indeed - and Why! - are our CircleMakers?! ;-)
The next two paragraphs are paraphrased from SCIENCE NEWS ONLINE, October 12, 1996.
Crop Circles: Theorems in Wheat Fields - by G Hawkins, PhD [brackets are my additions]
"... Hawkins found that he could use the principles of Euclidean geometry to prove four theorems derived from the relationships among the areas depicted in these Crop Circle patterns [refer to graphic A]. He also discovered a fifth, more general theorem, from which he could derive the other four. Hawkins' Fifth Crop Circle Theorem involves a triangle and various concentric circles touching the triangle's sides and corners [see graphic B]. As the mathematical relationships of the Circles and Rings are explored using various triangles [i.e., equilateral, isosceles, right], the special Crop Circle geometries are revealed. The different triangles disclose different geometrical relationships.
An equilateral triangle produces one of the observed Crop Circle patterns [the one which arrived in 1993, on the Hogsback between Farnham and Guildford in Hampshire - see graphic]; three isosceles triangles reveal additional Crop Circle geometries ... "
For completeness, I've included the first four theorems Professor Hawkins derived from his Circle studies. I regret that I do not currently have the graphics available for them, am working toward obtaining them and having them uploaded.
The ratio of the diameter of the triangle's circumscribed circle to the diameter of the circles at each corner is 4:3.
The Pattern consists of these 3 Circles not quite touching, with the following geometry overlaying it: Connect the centres of the bottom 2 circles with a straight line, then join the left and top centres, and finally the right and top ones. This is the triangle referred to. Now, find the centre of the triangle and using it, draw a circle on top of these three such that its circumference passes through the centres of each of the 3 circles. This fourth circle is the triangle's circumscribed circle. Referring again to the theorem: The ratio of the diameter of this fourth circle to the diameters of each of the others is 4:3.
(Is that neat, or What?! But there's even more magic here: each of 3 tangents drawn between the three circles is tangent to each of the 3 circles - that's the kind of precision that regularly happens in our fields, even on moonless nights! It would take too long for me to try to describe these tangents precisely enough for you to draw them, but I'm trying to obtain a scanned copy of this graphic.)
(re: an equilateral triangle with a circumscribed and
For an equilateral triangle, the ratio of the areas of the circumscribed and inscribed circles is 4:1. The area of the ring between the circles (the annulus) is 3 times the area of the inscribed circle.
(re: a square with circumscribed and inscribed circles)
For a square, the ratio of the areas of the circumscribed and inscribed circles is 2:1. If a second square is inscribed within the inscribed circle of the first, and so on to the mth square, then the ratio of the areas of the original circumscribed circle and the innermost circle is 2-to-the-m:1.
(re: a hexagon with circumscribed and inscribed circles)
For a regular hexagon, the ratio of the areas of its circumscribed and inscribed circle is 4:3.
Theorems I, II, and IV all deal with 4:3 ratios. (Even in writing it just now, I see that I, II, and IV = [I+II=III] and IV.) In last year's Julia Set at the Stonehenge, all flanking Circles along the 'spine' were evenly balanced (one inside the phi curve one outside it, two and two, three and three) - except in one case, where there were 3 smaller Circles on the inside, but 4 Circles on the opposite side ...
There were three Formations in 1995 which held this 3-and-4 theme: a 'Double Vesica Pisces' in Wherwell, Hants consisted of 4 3-sided petals around a square; at the centre of the Vector Equilibrium (Winterbourne Bassett, Wilts) was a triangle, each of whose faces was also the face of a square, and each face of each square was also the face of an adjacent triangle - the VE presents a resolution of oddness and evenness, the YinYang of Three and Four; and finally, the next-to-last Formation of the year on the Avebury Avenue was one we'd seen (most of) before:
All lines should touch the Circles, and the Path to the bottom-most Circle begins on the cross-bar and slants a bit from left to right. We have seen the 3-Circles-in-a-Triangular pattern at least three times now, but this is the first time of which I'm aware that the fourth was added: a clear 3 --> 4.
The Five Circle Theorems are only the geometrical portion of the surprise Dr Hawkins received as he studied the Circles. He also realised that many of the numbers regularly turning up in his analyses were diatonic ratios. Diatonics are mathematical equivalents of musical notes as played, for example, on the white keys of a piano. Each of these newly recognised theorems involve diatonic ratios, which are based on the ratios of areas and diameters between the Circles. The only regular polygons whose circumscribed and inscribed circles are in diatonic (musically- or vibrationally-related) ratio are the triangle (3), square (4), and hexagon. Last year, the Oliver's Castle Formation (the focus of the extraordinary video footage one young man was Gifted with) depicted 6-fold geometry ...
All 'Laws' currently acknowledged by our scientists are in various stages of perpetual evolution, for our understanding of Natural Law is far from complete - in truth, it has hardly begun. As our understanding evolves, so we evolve the concepts within our Laws, for we are able to express greater portions of Truth through them as our own awareness and understanding expand. The Law is immutable. It is our understanding which grows as it accepts and assimilates Truth.
Our paths to enlightenment are initially roughed out by nudgings of curiosity within us. If we 'bite', our initial curiosity is followed by a surge of focused, single-minded determination (we begin to scratch the itch); our path becomes more clear; the more sustained our determination, the better we're able to resolve our itch to our satisfaction. Ultimately, if we've done our homework well, we are Gifted with a "Eureka!"-flash of Insight. The vibrational equivalent of this "Eureka!" synchronistically-generates an opening - an interdimensional doorway - through which the seeker has earned the right to retrieve a portion of Greater Reality Truth. It is this harmonic resonance between Seeker and Sought which, in fact, opens the transdimensional door ...
To retrieve pieces of Truth in this manner and ground them into 3rd density is precisely the reason we have incarnated upon this planet at this time. We decided to explore our consciousness' creativity at this very dense/slow frequency level for many reasons
|
33 | 3 | 3 |
ط با فعالیت های اقتصادی و کسب و کاری در فضای مجازی، این بستر مهم (مجمع فعالین و کسب و کارهای فضای مجازی) را توسعه داده و گامی مؤثر برای بهبود شرایط بردارد.
اعضای شورای عالی مجمع
مجمع فعالین و کسب و کارهای فضای مجازی، بستر و شبکه ای مطمئن به منظور حضور و فعالیت بخش هایی از فضای مجازی است که به حوزه کسب و کارهای مجازی مرتبط می باشد. خلاء عدم وجود بستری آموزش محور و علمی برای رشد و اعتلای این فضا، مدت هاست که وجود دارد و انجمن مدیریت کسب و کار ایران به عنوان مرجع دانش مدیریت کسب و کار با قرارگرفتن به عنوان محور ایجاد این بستر، امیدوار است که فضای حاکم بر بخش های کسب و کاری این فضا را شفاف کرده و با ارائه راهکارهای اساسی، مشکلات فعالین و کسب و کارهای مجازی را کاهش دهد.
اخبار مجمع
به گزارش روابط عمومی انجمن مدیریت کسب و کار ایران، همزمان با میلاد مسعود حضرت ختمی مرتبت محمد مصطفی (ص)
به گزارش روابط عمومی انجمن مدیریت کسب و کار ایران، با حضور حجت الاسلام و المسلمین سید علی خانمحمدی، رئیس 现在许多城市会选择应用兰州透水砖作为地上铺设资料，不只由于透水砖价格便宜，更由于它的新能优胜让城市开展更上一层楼，铺设透水砖有什么注意事项，考虑路面可以接受多大压力是其中之一。那么针对不同的场合不同的情况铺设彩砖有哪些注意事项。
1、将地基产平到拟定深度，而且要使基面坚持同一水平高度，假如有一方比较高，则会导致其他区域压力较大，所以必定要确保基面水平程度一样，假设遇到斜坡或许地形不平的施工区域时，要量体裁衣，确保铺设高级透水砖之后的地上水平要共同。
2、假如铺设的区域只供行人走路，在施工中在下面打上一层薄薄的混凝土，等其干了之后在集上一层干粉，拌和均匀之后铺着上面再用橡皮锤击打一下。
3、竣工之后的一段时间还是不能让行人通行，要保养一段时间，比及高级透水砖干透之后，才干让行人通行，否则不结实就通行，对产品，对行人都是晦气的。
4、假如路面接受的压力过大，就用机器将施工区域的土压实，这样就不会导致土质下沉。 Lübnan'da Arap ülkelerinin katıldığı "Arap Idol" (Arap Pop Starı) yarışmasını 23 yaşındaki Gazzeli şarkıcı Muhammed Asaf'ın kazanması Filistin topraklarında büyük coşku yarattı.
Yarışmanın sonuçlarının belli olmasından sonra binlerce Filistinli sokaklara döküldü.
Gazze'de ve Doğu Kudüs'te Asaf'ın birinciliği havai fişeklerle kutlandı.
İlk kez Filistin'de yaşayan bir şarkıcı böyle bir başarı elde ediyor.
Filistin yönetimi Başkanı Mahmud Abbas, halkı Asaf' desteklemeye çağırırken, Gazze'de yönetimi elinde bulunduran Hamas sessiz kalmayı tercih etti.
Gazze'de atılan bir tweet'te ise, "Asaf, Filistinlileri özgürlüğe kavuşturmadı ama 66 yıllık işgalde hiç gülmeyen Filistinlilere neşe getirdi" dendi. This is something you are likely to hear from your children a number of times over the course of the summer holidays. I think children today more than any other generation before are so used to structured after school activities or sitting indoors in front of a screen that they literally don’t know how to keep themselves busy.
Parents mistakenly think it is their job and responsibility to keep their kids happy and occupied but children have to learn how to entertain themselves. Unstructured or down time is actually very important for children’s mental health.
Your main role as a parent is to set your child up for life as an adult and prepare them to be part of society. Children need to learn to do things for themselves and when they become adults will need to be skilled at managing their time (including leisure time) and pursuing interests that contribute to their happiness. The learning starts now in childhood.
Why is unstructured time so important?
- Kids learn how to be alone and actually have time to just be, think and contemplate life so they are comfortable in their own company.
- Creativity and imagination is more likely to develop if they are not in front a screen and need to occupy themselves. For my younger 2 daughters despite having lots of toys and games at home, their favourite activities are role play (mums and dads, doctors, restaurants) and drawing.
- It’s a great advantage for children to have at least one passion, something they have chosen that they really enjoy and work hard at. Without unstructured time they have little opportunity to develop this. For my eldest child it’s music, my second art and the third gymnastics. My youngest has yet to find hers.
- Being bored encourages self -reliance
How can parents respond when their child is ‘bored’?
- Firstly establish whether they are saying this because they are craving your attention. Make sure you are scheduling bursts of ‘special time’ with each child and opportunities to connect with them.
- Encourage your child to brainstorm activities they can do when they feel bored and perhaps contribute your own ideas. If they are old enough encourage your child to write the ideas down so they can refer to them next time they are bored.
- Limit screen time so they have to get into the habit of finding something else to do. Screens and particularly games on screens are purposely designed to be really engaging and addictive, providing a boost of dopamine so children want to use them and every other activity seems less exciting.
- For younger children I love Sean Covey’s book the 7 Habits of Happy Kids with the story about Sammy squirrel and it being his responsibility to make fun for himself.
Just to be clear it is mainly your child’s responsibility to keep themselves busy and not yours. You need to give them the experience of being bored and the skills and ideas to handle that feeling rather than just trying to avoid it. Dünya Kupası Penaltı Atışı ilginç bir futbol oyunudur. En sevdiğiniz futbolcu ya da favori takımınız için neşelendirdiğiniz geceyi hala hatırlıyor musunuz? Şimdi, kendin oynayabilirsin. Bu futbol zamanı! Bu havalı spor oyununda, bu tamamen sizin düşüncenizle ilgilidir. Takımını seç ve dünya futbol şampiyonasına katıl. Eğer cezalarda rakibinizden daha fazla gol atarsanız ve tüm golleri size bir gol atmayı bırakırsanız, şampiyon olacaksınız. 【剩者为王下载】《一出好戏》|适者生存 剩者为王
由黄渤首次导演的电影《一出好戏》于8月10日上映了。这部孕育了长达8年时间的电影会是“一出好戏”吗?
影片以马进的经历为线索串联起所有的故事情节和主题。这依然是一个loser逆袭成功的故事。
马进是一个不起眼的小人物。他参加公司团建活动时遭遇海难。众人流落在荒岛之上。影片用魔幻现实主义手法虚构了一个与世隔绝的岛屿空间。在这个与世隔绝的空间里,上演了一出出好戏,展现出人性、生存、领导、团队、利益、爱情各种主题。
影片的一开始剧情就设定了一颗陨石会坠落地球,人们诚惶诚恐地认为会进入世界末日。这群人被困在岛上时,有部分人已经认定外面的世界已经毁灭了。
马进和他的弟弟小兴把自己比喻成一坨屎。在现实生活中,他们穷困潦倒,被人忽视。马进带着小兴参加公司组建的团建。在车子上,马进用手机查询到他买的彩票中了6000万大奖。他高兴得手舞足蹈、大声叫喊、放声歌唱。他发财了!因公司即将上市,张总给每个员工涨了工资。员工们非常高兴。就在人们兴高采烈的时候,悲剧发生了。
排山倒海的巨浪打翻了他们的车子,将他们冲到一个荒岛上。小岛四面环水,荒无人烟。
在此之前有陨石降落地球的传闻,大片的陆地将会被淹没。马进的小伙伴们以为再也回不去原来生活的地方了。他们是幸存下来的人,荒岛是它们赖以生存的空间。
手机没有信号,无法和外界有任何联系、无法了解外界信息。能够在海里穿行的车子已经毁坏,没有离开荒岛的工具。众人失去了回到原来生活的地方的希望。刚刚经历的可怕的海难验证了之前的电视报道、专家的说法,让他们误以为他们原来生活的地方毁灭了。他们回不到原来生活的地方了。荒岛是他们唯一的生存空间。
怎样才能在荒岛上活下来?
如果你以为这仅仅是不断打怪兽的荒岛求生类型的电影,你就错了。
这部电影讲述了不同的领导方式会对人们产生怎样的影响。电影展现了分别以司机小王、张总、马进作为领导者所展现的三种不同的生活方式。
由司机小王担任领导者的时期是最原始的社会形态。
司机小王曾经当过特种兵,胆子大,会爬树,有野外生存经验,训练过猴子和熊。他带领大家摘野果子、找淡水、住山洞,解决了众人的食物和住宿问题。众人尊称他为王。
当了首领的小王信奉的是,自己动手,丰衣足食。谁不干活,谁不听话,谁就挨骂、挨打。 对于不听话的人,他的处罚方式简单粗暴。连平时高高在上的张�
|
33 | 4 | 0 |
tailed” goldfish. The common goldfish is a far removed mass-produced (feeder goldfish) version of a true comet. They are the typical “dime store” goldfish that you might get at a county fair or a church festival. “Fancy” comets are completely different. They come in an assortment of beautiful colors and patterns and possess a long straight single tail that is nearly as long and sometimes even longer than the fish itself. Comets are among the hardiest of all goldfish and when seen in a mixture of color combinations, create a beautiful and active aquarium.
Fantail goldfish are far more diverse. Each fantail goldfish has a “split” double tail that can be of various lengths depending on the variety. Here is a brief description of some of the most popular types of fantail goldfish. The most common, but also one of the most beautiful of the fantails, is the Ryukin. Ryukins possess a “high” back, long flowing fins and tail, and some of the most vivid colors found on fancy goldfish. They are also one of the hardiest varieties. Orandas are similar to Ryukins, but lack the “high” back. They develop a “crown” on their heads which increases in size as the fish matures. They also have long flowing fins and tails. Telescopes are similar to Orandas, but lack the crown and have large bulging eyes. Lionheads have a sort of football-shaped body with a “crowned” head, no dorsal fin, and a short stubby fantail.
The following three types of fantails are somewhat trickier to keep and therefore would not be recommended for a beginner goldfish hobbyist. Celestial Eyes are similar in shape to Lionheads, have medium length tails and have very large solid bulging eyes that look straight up. Bubble eyes are similar to celestial eyes, except that their eyes have huge attached water- filled bubbles that wiggle like Jello when the fish swims. Finally are the Pearl Scales. They have bloated bodies, some have “crowns” and they have very large scales on their sides.
Comets are most commonly found in red, red and white, red and black, and calico (3 or more colors). Most of the fantails come in red, red and white, red and black, black, and calico varieties. In addition to all the colors found on other Fantails, Orandas can also be found in chocolate, blue, and a beautiful pure white variety with a bright red cap (“crown”).
The principles and opinions contained in this writing are based on more than 40 years of continuous goldfish keeping. Beware of the internet blogger who has kept one tankful of goldfish for three months. They are not always right just because they’re on the internet!
Here are some products we recommend to keep your goldfish happy and healthy.
- Prime Water Conditioner (For start-up and water changes)
- Aquarium Salt
- Hikari and Tetramin Goldfish Foods
- Hornwort (Live Plant)
- Intelli-Feed by Lifegard (Automatic feeder for up to 3 weeks at a time when you’re not home) به گزا رش اداره کل روابط عمومی و به نقل از وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی، مهشید ناصحی گفت: تعداد مبتلایان به سل در سال ۹۷ در کشور بالغ بر هشت هزار و ۷۱۳ نفر هستند که ۵۴ درصد از این افراد مرد و ۴۶ درصد زن هستند. ۱۶ درصد از موارد مبتلا به بیماری نیز غیرایرانی هستند.
وی افزود: موارد مسلول غیرایرانی در کشور از کل موارد را در سال ۹۱ بالغ بر ۱۲ درصد بود که این میزان در سال گذشته به ۱۶.۳ درصد رسیده است.
به گفته وی در ۵۰ سال گذشته آمار بروز سل از ۱۴۰ مورد در هر ۱۰۰ هزار نفر به ۱۱ مورد در هر ۱۰۰ هزار نفر رسیده است.
رئیس اداره کنترل سل و جذام افزود: مهمترین و شایعترین علامت بیماری سل عبارت است سرفه طول کشیده بیش از دو هفته. سایر علایم نیز تب، تعریق شبانه، بی اشتهایی و کاهش وزن است. همچنین در برخی موارد به خصوص بیماری طول کشیده، پیشرفته و شدید، علائمی همچون خلط خونی، تنگی نفس و درد قفسه سینه نیز می تواند وجود داشته باشد.
ناصحی بیان داشت: در ۹۰ تا ۹۵ درصد موارد، هنگامی که میکروب سل به بدن منتقل می شود به شکل نهفته باقی می ماند و علاوه بر آنکه قابل انتقال به دیگران نیست، خود فرد را هم بیمار نمی کند.
وی بیماری سل را کاملاً درمان پذیر دانست، به شرط آنکه فرد داروها را به موقع آغاز و دوره درمان را به طور کامل مصرف کند. بیشترین میزان بروز سل در ایران مربوط به گروه سنی ۶۵ سال به بالا است.
وی دهزینه درمان عادی بیماری برای هر فرد را ۵۰۰ هزار تومان و هزینه هر بیمار دارای سل مقاوم به درمان را ۱۰۰ تا ۲۵۰ میلیون تومان اعلام کرد.
سایت منبع
انتهای پیام 18 yaşındaki silahsız siyah Michael Brown’ın öldürüldüğü bölgeye yakın bir benzin istasyonunda polis tarafından öldürülen Martin’in de 18 yaşında olduğu açıklandı. Reuters’ın haberine göre, St.Louis polis departmanı sözcüsü Brian Schellman, Martin’in silahını polise doğrulttuğunu öne sürdü. Bölgedekiler polisi protesto etmek amacıyla benzin istasyonunun yakınlarında toplanmaya başladı.
Öte yandan, St Louis Post'un foto muhabiri David Carson'ın çektiği bir fotoğraf sosyal medyada hızla yayılıyor. Antonio Martin'in annesinin olayı öğrendiği anda yaşadığı acıyı gösteren fotoğrafta polislerin "donuk" yüz ifadeleri dikkat çekti. Polisleri eleştirenler, son zamanlarda ABD'de polisin siyahları öldürmesine dikkat çekerek, fotoğraf hakkında "Her şeyin özeti" yorumunu yaptı. Until the end of the American Revolution, the Broome County area was inhabited by Native Americans. Two main settlements were found at Onaquaga, near present-day Windsor, and Otseningo, located along the Chenango River, just north of the present-day City of Binghamton. Smaller Settlements could be found at Chugnuts, Castle Creek and the Vestal area. As part of the Iroquois Confederacy, and considered a threat to the revolutionists' efforts, the Sullivan-Clinton campaign was used to remove the Native American population. After the conclusion of the Revolution, the land was divided among many land speculators, including William Bingham, who obtained over ten thousand acres at the confluence of the Susquehanna and Chenango Rivers, and the developers of the Boston Purchase (also called Boston Town Towns) that encompassed much of northern Broome, as well as parts of Chenango, Tioga and Tompkins Counties.
William Bingham was a wealthy Philadelphia banker whose interest after the revolution was in land. Aside from this area, Bingham also owned over 500,000 acres of land in the state on Maine. Bingham envisioned a new village at the meeting of the two rivers and hired local merchant Joshua Whitney to be his land agent. Whitney was responsible for the first street plan of the village, worked to entice new settlers to the area, and became the area's first elected representative to Albany. Bingham died in 1804, never visiting the area that would bear his name. Nonetheless, Whitney continued to work diligently to build the new town. In 1806 the area was separated from Tioga County, and the new county was named after Revolutionary War veteran and then Lieutenant-Governor John Broome.
With the opening of the Erie Canal, this area, like many, sought their own canal to connect to the Erie to aid development. Finally in 1834, work began on the Chenango Canal, a 97-mile long engineering marvel which connected Binghamton in the south with Utica and the Erie Canal in the north. The first packet boat arrived in 1837 and new development followed the route of the canal. Despite the economic failure of the canal (it never made a profit), the county benefited from the arrival of new settlers and merchandise, as well as providing a means of shipping finished goods in and out of the area. Mills sprang up along the southern end of the canal, and department stores and hotels rose along the retail corridor. In 1848, the Erie railroad arrived, and the coming of the iron horse spelled the end for the canal. Within two decades the area had become a transportation hub, with north-south and east-west railroad lines and the canal. But by 1874, the Chenango Canal route was closed in Binghamton, the only remnants being a proposed expansion along the Susquehanna River that would later become part of the Vestal Parkway.
The period surrounding the Civil War saw great change for the area. Its leading politician, Daniel S. Dickinson, serve in the United States Senate from 1844-1850, and after the outbreak of the war spoke countless times in favor of the Union. The needs for munitions and other war products brought assembly-line factory work to the area, and guns and other products were developed in this region. After the end of the war, the area enjoyed the fruits of the Industrial Revolution, and new major industries opened. Stow Manufacturing relied on the invention of the flexible shaft. The lumber industry was transformed into a large furniture and wagon business. By far, however, the area was truly changed with the arrival of the first cigar manufacturing company in the 1870's. By 1890 over fifty factories were operating with five thousand people involved in the manufacture of over 100 million cigars each year. Binghamton ranked only behind New York City as the top cigar-making city in the country. Immigrants from Eastern Europe and other countries poured into the area to work in this industry, or one of the many other companies producing over two hundred different types of products by the turn of the century.
As the area's population was doubling every ten to fifteen years, so were the area's municipalities. By 1900 the county had 16 towns, six villages and one city. Binghamton had the largest population. Despite the largeness of the cigar making industry, it had all but disappeared by 1930 due to the rise in popularity of the cigarette, automation, and labor unrest. Many of the former cigar workers took solace in finding employment in the factories of the Endicott-Johnson Shoe Corporation. Begun as Lester Brothers Boot and Shoe Company in Binghamton in 1854, it moved to create its own company town, Lestershire, to the west of Binghamton. Financial problems forced the sale of the company to a creditor and fellow shoemaker, Henry B. Endicott of Massachusetts in 1890. In 1899 he made former Lester Brothers factory foreman, George F. Johnson, his partner. Johnson's Square Deal program quickly transformed the company into an industrial giant, with over 20,000 employees by the mid 1940's, and a production of 52 million pairs of shoes each year. Both Johnson and E-J's philanthropy included the donation of parks, land for churches, two libraries and the six wooden carousels still in use today.
At the same time Johnson City (formerly Lestershire) and the planned community of Endicott (incorporated in 1906) were growing, so too was a firm that started in Binghamton in 1889 as the Bundy Manufacturing Company. Involved in timer clock production, it merged with several other firms and went through a variety of names before hiring Thomas Watson, Sr. in 1914. His corporate leadership moved the company into a new era, and in 1924 he changed the name of the company to International Business Machines. IBM has since become the area's leading employer.
During the height of the Great Depression Edwin A. Link followed his dream to develop the pilot trainer, or flight simulator. Link Aviation, through its many forms has lead the world in training of pilots, and the technology has evolved into a virtual reality world of products on today's markets. Like Link, many other companies were involved in the cold war growth of the defense business. IBM, General Electric, Universal, Link and others relied heavily on those dollars, and with the ending of the cold war, many businesses saw those markets evaporating. The area hit an economic slump, which left many to believe that the "Valley of Opportunity" was gone. But resurgence based on diversity of business and slower growth has helped to bring the area moving back toward its former levels of employment and industrial strength.
Despite our rich business history, it
|
33 | 4 | 1 |
رهای سیاه طبقه متوسط منع شدهاند. دوستش در گروهی عضویت دارد که دست به قتل سفیدپوستان میزنند. قهرمان داستان در این بحبوحه به دنبال هویت و زندگی خود به عنوان یک سیاه آمریکایی است.
تونی موریسون در لورن اهایو به دنیا آمده؛ او اکنون گاه در شهرستان راکلند، ایالت نیویورک و گاه در پرینستن در ایالت نیوجرسی زندگی می کند. او استاد گروه علوم انسانی رابرت. اف. گهین در دانشگاه پرینستن است. برخی از دیگر رمان های او عبارتند از: سولا، کودک قیرگون، دلبند (برنده جایزه ادبیات داستانی پولیتزر در سال 1988)، جاز، آبی ترین چشم و بهشت. تونی موریسون در سال 1993 برنده جایزه ادبی نوبل شد. سرود سلیمان، برنده جایزه ادبیات داستانی حلقه ملی منتقدان کتاب در سال 1978 بوده است. We all resist changing our beliefs about the world, but what happens when some of those beliefs are based on misinformation? Is there a right way to correct someone when they believe something that's wrong?
Stephen Lewandowsky and John Cook set out to review the science on this topic, and even carried out a few experiments of their own. This effort led to their "Debunker's Handbook", which gives practical, evidence-based techniques for correcting misinformation about, say, climate change or evolution. Yet the findings apply to any situation where you find the facts are falling on deaf ears.
The first thing their review turned up is the importance of “backfire effects” - when telling people that they are wrong only strengthens their belief. In one experiment, for example, researchers gave people newspaper corrections that contradicted their views and politics, on topics ranging from tax reform to the existence of weapons of mass destruction. The corrections were not only ignored – they entrenched people’s pre-existing positions.
Backfire effects pick up strength when you have no particular reason to trust the person you are talking to. This perhaps explains why climate sceptics with more scientific education tend to be the most sceptical that humans are causing global warming.
The irony is that understanding backfire effects requires that we debunk a false understanding of our own. Too often, argue Lewandowsky and Cook, communicators assume a 'deficit model' in their interactions with the misinformed. This is the idea that we have the right information, and all we need to do to make people believe is to somehow "fill in" the deficit in other people's understanding. Just telling people the evidence for the truth will be enough to replace their false beliefs. Beliefs don't work like that.
Psychological factors affect how we process information – such as what we already believe, who we trust and how we remember. Debunkers need to work with this, rather than against if they want the best chance of being believed.
The most important thing is to provide an alternative explanation. An experiment by Hollryn Johnson and Colleen Seifert, shows how to persuade people better. These two psychologists recruited participants to listen to news reports about a fictional warehouse fire, and then answer some comprehension questions.
Some of the participants were told that the fire was started by a short circuit in a closet near some cylinders containing potentially explosive gas. Yet when this information was corrected – by saying the closet was empty – they still clung to the belief.
A follow-up experiment showed the best way to effectively correct such misinformation. The follow-up was similar to the first experiment, except that it involved participants who were given a plausible alternative explanation: that evidence was found that arson caused the fire. It was only those who were given a plausible alternative that were able to let go of the misinformation about the gas cylinders.
Lewandowsky and Cook argue that experiments like these show the dangers of arguing against a misinformed position. If you try and debunk a myth, you may end up reinforcing that belief, strengthening the misinformation in people's mind without making the correct information take hold.
What you must do, they argue, is to start with the plausible alternative (that obviously you believe is correct). If you must mention a myth, you should mention this second, and only after clearly warning people that you're about to discuss something that isn't true.
This debunking advice is also worth bearing in mind if you find yourself clinging to your own beliefs in the face of contradictory facts. You can’t be right all of the time, after all.
Read more about the best way to win an argument.
If you have an everyday psychological phenomenon you'd like to see written about in these columns please get in touch @tomstafford or [email protected]. Thanks to Ullrich Ecker for advice on this topic. چگونه در قسمت سوم اسپیکینگ آیلتس نمره بالا بگیریم؟
بخش اسپیکینگ آزمون آیلتس به سه قسمت تقسیم میشود:
- مصاحبه Interview
- کیو کارد Cue Card
- بحث Discussion
این قسمت بین 4 تا 5 دقیقه طول میکشد و همانطور که از عنوان آن میتوان حدس زد، شبیه یک “بحث و گفتگو” است.
ممتحن از شما سوالی میپرسد و شما جواب میدهید. در ادامه ممکن است از شما سوال جدیدی پرسیده شود و یا اینکه در مورد جزییات جواب قبلی از شما توضیح بیشتری بخواهد. در این سوالات معمولا از شما خواسته میشود که موضوعی را تحلیل و بررسی کنید، مقایسه کنید، نظر بدهید و یا اینکه آینده آن را پیش بینی کنید. به عنوان مثال:
What sports do you think will be played in the future?
قسمت سوم معمولا ادامه قسمت دوم است، با این تفاوت که موضوع بحث مشخص تر و کمی انتزاعی میشود. به عنوان مثال اگر در قسمت دوم از شما خواسته میشود:
Describe your favorite teacher
در قسمت سوم ممکن است از شما سوال شود:
How are education priorities different from those in the past?
موضوعات متداول این قسمت عبارتند از:
Technology / Education / Environment / TV / Influence / Leisure Activities / Shopping / Sports / Transportation
***بایدها:
- به کلمات کلیدی هر سوال دقت کنید.
- اگر متوجه سوال نشدید از ممتحن بخواهید آن را تکرار کند. حتی میتوانید تقاضا کنید که منظور سوال را کمی توضیح دهد. فراموش نکنید که “تقاضای تکرار سوال یا توضیح بیشتر” بهتر از “جواب کاملا نامربوط دادن” است.
- با استفاده از جزئیات، مثالها و دلایل، جواب خود را بسط دهید.
- مثبت فکر کنید. آزمون آیلتس فقط تست دانش شما نیست بلکه اعتماد به نفس شما را نیز به چالش میکشد. پس به نتیجه آزمون خود خوش بین باشید.
- دامنه لغات خود را قبل از آزمون تقویت کنید. نمره اسپیکینگ شما بر اساس چهار فاکتور “تلفظ، گرامر، لغت، و روانی کلام” تعیین میشود. پس سعی کنید لغات کاربردی و سطح بالای مباحث مختلف را بیاموزید.
- سوالات را به زندگی خود ربط دهید. به عنوان مثال اگر از شما در مورد تکنولوژی سوال میشود، میتوانید در مورد روشهایی که خودتان از تکنولوژی استفاده میکنید صحبت کنید.
- جواب خود را تقسیم بندی و طبقه بندی کنید. مثلا اگر از شما در مورد “مشکلات حمل و نقل” سوال میشود، میتوانید پاسخ خود را اینگونه شروع کنید:
There are three problems with transportation in my city.
و یا اینکه:
There are three points I’d like to talk about.
- تمرین کنید که از افعال (can / could / may / might / should) بیشتر استفاده کنید، چون در این قسمت کاربرد زیادی دارند.
- از اصطلاحات متنوع برای ابراز عقیده استفاده کنید و فقط به I think اکتفا نکنید. به عنوان مثال:
If you ask me
In my opinion
It seems to me that
It occurs to me that
***نبایدها:
- هیچ جوابی را از قبل حفظ و آماده نکنید. زیرا ممتحن به راحتی متوجه شده و موضوع را تغییر خواهد داد.
- نگران اشتباهات خود نباشید. اگر متوجه اشتباه خود شدید، تا دو و یا حتی سه بار فرصت دارید که به راحتی برگردید و آن را تصحیح کنید. فقط نترسید و به صحبت کردن ادامه دهید.
- از موضوع بحث خارج نشوید.
- از صداهای ahh و umm ، که برای پر کردن وقفه های اسپیکینگ استفاده میشوند، بیش از حد استفاده نکنید. میتوانید به عنوان تمرین صدای خود را ضبط کنید و با تمرین این وقفه ها را از اسپیکینگ خود حذف نمایید.
- از عبارت I think بیش از حد استفاده نکنید.
- از عبارت That’s a good question بیش از یکبار استفاده نکنید؛ و چه بهتر که اصلا ا
|
33 | 4 | 2 |
ار نشدن یکساله این مراسم با رعایت شیوهنامههای بهداشتی از میدان امام حسین(ع) به سمت حرم عبدالعظیم الحسنی(ع) برگزار شد.
رئیس جمهور: ایران با همه کشورها بنای همکاری دارد/ زیر بار زور نمیرویمرئیس جمهور هنگام دریافت استوارنامه سفیر جدید انگلیس تاکید کرد: جمهوری اسلامی ایران با همه کشورها بنای همکاری و تعامل دارد اما این همکاری باید براساس احترام متقابل و در نظرگرفتن منافع ملت ها باشد و جریان سلطه گر و نظام سلطه بر این روابط سایه نیندازد.
پایان پروازهای اربعین به نجف و کربلا از امشب/ آغاز بازگشت زائرین حسینی از روز سه شنبه- اخبار مجلس و دولت ایران - اخبار سیاسی تسنیم | Tasnimپایان پروازهای اربعین به نجف و کربلا از امشب دبیر ستاد مرکزی اربعین: امشب پروازهای هوایی به پایان میرسد و کلیه زائرین به صورت هوایی وارد شهرهای مقدس نجف و کربلا میشوند
یک رای مثبت در رابطه با «حق سنوات پایان خدمت»/ همه حقوق کارگر مبنای محاسبه است/ لطفاً آرای قبلی را روزنامه رسمی نکنید!در رای اخیر، مبنای محاسبهی حق سنوات، هرچیزی است که در دایرهی دستمزد کارگر قرار میگیرد؛ یعنی هر المانی که به ازای کار در ساعات عادی، به عنوان حقوق به کارگر پرداخت میشود.
اخذ تست کرونا از زوار اربعین به محض بازگشت به کشوردبیر و سخنگوی ستاد مرکزی اربعین حسینی با اشاره به روند اعزام زوار حسینی به کربلای معلی، تمهیدات بازگشت به کشور را اعلام و تاکید کرد که امکانات حملونقل و پذیرایی برای زوار در هنگام بازگشت از مرزها فراهم است و تست کرونا نیز از همه گرفته شده و افراد مشکوک قرنطینه خواهند شد. ملتی که خوشبختی و سعادت خویش را در 1400 سال پیش جستجو میکند لایق همین منجلاب اسلامی است که درش گیر کرده است.
نخست وزیر اسرائیل در حاشیه مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل با مقامات ارشد بحرین و امارات دیدار کردنخست وزیر اسرائیل در حاشیه مجمع عمومی سازمان_ملل با مقامات ارشد بحرین و امارات دیدار کرد نخست وزیر اسرائیل در این دیدار گفت: «ما از ثبات برخورداریم، به داشتن رابطه باور داریم، و میخواهیم آن را تا جایی که ممکن است گسترش دهیم.» ⬇️ بیشتر بخوانید: La vicenda Il caso ruota attorno al provvedimento di esclusione del ricorrente da una procedura per la concessione di contributi diretti a sovvenzionare l' assunzione di personale da parte delle strutture ricettive nei periodi di cosiddetta «bassa stagione» avviata dalla regione Sardegna. Il vizio consisteva nel fatto che la domanda di agevolazioni fosse intestata a un soggetto diverso da quello che risultava dalla documentazione successivamente prodotta. Il ricorrente, impugnando l' estromissione, ha eccepito la violazione dell' articolo 6 della legge 241/1990 e dell' articolo 83 del Dlgs 50/2016 in quanto - in luogo dell' esclusione dalla procedura - l' amministrazione avrebbe dovuto adempiere al dovere di soccorso istruttorio e consentire, pertanto, la regolarizzazione della domanda.
Secondo le ragioni del convenuto, invece, il soccorso istruttorio non poteva essere praticabile considerato che la sottoscrizione della domanda da parte di un soggetto diverso dall' impresa interessata e destinataria del finanziamento «costituisce un vizio radicale della domanda di contributo, che impedisce una corretta imputazione degli effetti giuridici riconducibili alla medesima e la cui sanatoria comporterebbe una violazione della par condicio».
La decisione Il giudice ha ritenuto eccessivamente formalistico il rilievo considerata la «latitudine applicativa» dell' articolo 6, comma 1, lettera b), della legge 241/1990 che impone all' amministrazione di richiedere chiarimenti all' interessato non solo «a rettifica di dichiarazioni o istanze erronee o incomplete» ma anche di «ordinare esibizioni documentali». Secondo quanto si legge in sentenza, il responsabile del procedimento avrebbe dovuto invitare i due soggetti implicati nella vicenda al fine di chiarire l' errore commesso.
Questa attività di supporto istruttorio nei confronti del richiedente è doverosa al netto di limiti estrinseci ravvisabili nel solo rispetto del principio della par condicio. Occorre però evidenziare che questi limiti devono essere ripensati proprio per effetto della fattispecie del soccorso istruttorio integrativo (introdotta dall' articolo 39, comma 1, del Dl 90/2014 convertito dalla legge 114/2014) secondo cui le carenze formali essenziali non determinano l' immediata esclusione ma obbligano il Rup a richiedere l' integrazione entro il termine di 10 giorni. Questa disposizione ha l' effetto di ridurre «notevolmente la portata del principio del rispetto della par condicio nei procedimenti di affidamento dei contratti pubblici e nel contempo ampliano l' istituto del dovere di soccorso istruttorio».
E questo si riflette, secondo il giudice, anche sull' estensione del dovere di soccorso istruttorio nella generalità degli altri procedimenti di massa «nei quali, pertanto, è doveroso provvedere a quelle integrazioni documentali che consentano di superare la mancanza o incompletezza delle dichiarazioni presentate dagli interessati». Circostanza che ha la conseguenza di una perdita di rilevanza del principio della parità del trattamento proprio nell' ambito di quei procedimenti nei quali l' attribuzione dell' utilità cui aspirano i partecipanti alla procedura non è operata attraverso una valutazione comparativa delle domande ma è assegnata «sino ad esaurimento delle risorse disponibili previa verifica della sussistenza di tutti i requisiti di cui all' Avviso».
A cura di Quotidiano Enti Locali e PA (Sole 24 Ore) del 11/06/2018 - autore STEFANO USAI
Compila il form per essere ricontatto da uno dei nostri esperti In World War II, Americans sought victory. President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill would accept nothing less than the unconditional surrender of the totalitarian regimes against which they fought.
A few years later in Korea, the U.S. did accept less – an armistice. President Eisenhower preserved the independence of the southern half of the Korean Peninsula, but the north was left in the hands of totalitarian extremists who, more than 50 years later, continue to oppress the people of that land and to threaten Americans.
The War in Vietnam ended without victory and without even a real truce. It ended with the defeat of the United States. Still, in retrospect, Vietnam can be seen as one battle in the long, global conflict against Communist totalitarianism. And in the final years of the 20th century, the Cold War ended when American pressure, and Communism's own internal contradictions, brought down the Soviet empire.
Today, amid all the rhetoric and posturing, we are really debating whether to fight for victory, accept a stalemate, or resign ourselves to defeat in Iraq and in the wider war against Jihadi terrorism and totalitarianism.
To be sure, some people separate Iraq from the broader conflict. They argue that there is no proof Saddam Hussein was involved with the many acts of terrorism carried out against Americans between the first attack on the World Trade Center in 1993 and the second in 2001 (though evidence suggests he may have been). They argue that Saddam had no ties to al Qaeda (more precisely, the extent and nature of Saddam's ties to al Qaeda remain sketchy).
Whatever the truth, this fact is now certain: Saddam loyalists in Iraq have made common cause with international Jihadi leaders.
Would this alliance have come about had President Bush not toppled Saddam? Or did the President make a country that was not a terrorist threat into one that now is? The answer can be determined by examining the background of the leader of the foreign Jihadis in Iraq: Abu Musab al-Zarkawi, the terrorist who beheaded American Nicholas Berg.
Once a commander of the anti-American forces in Afghanistan, Zarkawi lost a leg in battle with U.S. forces in March 2002. He fled to Iraq where Saddam provided him with medical treatment, including an artificial limb -- not a favor Saddam did for just anybody.
A few months later, Zarkawi was back at work. In October 2002, he organized the assassination of American diplomat Lawrence Foley in Amman.
Zarkawi remained in Iraq, assisting terrorists at a remote camp run by Ansar al-Islam, a group closely associated with al-Qaeda. Terrorists trained at the camp have been arrested in Britain, France, Georgia and Chechnya.
Zarkawi is among the most dangerous terrorists in the world today – he is a specialist in chemical and biological weapons of mass destruction. He was reputedly the mastermind of a series of suicide bombings in Casablanca in May 2003, the bombing of Turkish synagogues in November 2003, the attacks against Sh'ia worshippers in Baghdad and Karbala in March of this year (he hates Shi'a at least as much as he hates Kurds, Jews and Christians), and the Madrid train bombings that same month.
He claimed responsibility for an abortive chemical weapons attack against Jordan's secret service headquarters last month (the tons of chemicals may have come from Syria or Iraq) and he's been implicated in a plot to bomb the upcoming NATO summit in Istanbul in June.
Earlier this year, Kurdish intelligence intercepted a letter sent by Zarkawi to bin Laden. In it, Zarkawi outlined his plan to foil the American-led Coalition's mission by filling Iraq with “the perfume of fragrant blood spilled on behalf of God.”
Knowing all this, it is no longer possible to seriously argue that Iraq, under Saddam, was not a base for international terrorism; nor is it possible to seriously argue that fighting Zarkawi in Iraq is not part of the global War on Terrorism.
The most you could say is that perhaps, as with Vietnam, an American defeat in Iraq would merely mean a battle lost in a war still to be won. But that's doubtful. Even at his worst, Ho Chi Minh never intended to follow Americans home and murder their children. Zarkawi means to do exactly that -- as do all Islamist totalitarian terrorists.
No, if Americans lose the will to fight in Iraq it is probable that we will not have the determination to prevail in the wider war.
That, too, would follow a pattern. In recent decades, Jihadi terrorists have repeatedly forced the U.S. to retreat – for example, from Beirut in 1983 and from Somalia in 1993. Those retreats convinced people like Saddam, bin Laden and Zarkawi that America is like the World Trade Towers – it may look tall and strong but hit it hard and it will collapse.
Americans, Zarkawi wrote to bin Ladin, “are the most cowardly of God's creatures. They are an easy quarry, praise be to God. We ask God to enable us to kill and capture them to sow panic among those behind them.”
Whether you were for or against the decision to topple Saddam a
|
33 | 4 | 3 |
ول درخواست خریدار مبنی بر فک رهن از مبیع، منافاتی با حقوق مرتهن ندارد و فروشنده (راهن) ملزم به تسویه بدهی و فک رهن میشود.
برخی از فقهای امامیه نیز الزام راهن به فک رهن را پذیرفتهاند؛ یعنی راهن (فروشنده) متعهد است به عهدی که با خریدار بسته، وفا نماید و مبیع را از قید رهن آزاد سازد و به او تحویل دهد. از همین رو، خریدار میتواند الزام راهن به فک رهن را از حاکم بخواهد (شیخ انصاری1415: 166؛ روحانی، 1429: 464-465؛ طباطبایی قمی، 1400: 309؛ و نیز ر. ک.: همدانی، 1416: 675).
افزون بر آن، همانطور که در جای خود به تفصیل و به صورت تحلیلی و مستند اثبات شده است، عدم نفوذ فروش مال مرهون، به معنای «غیر نافذ» شمردن یا «موقوف» دانستن آن به معنای دقیق و خاص کلمه نیست و نمیتوان بیع عین مرهون را با معامله فضولی قیاس کرد؛ بلکه در فروش مال موضوع رهن، حق شخص ثالث (مرتهن) بر مال مورد رهن، «مانع» از تأثیر بیع است. بنابراین، هر زمان که این مانع برطرف شود، بیع مال مرهون خود به خود نافذ خواهد شد؛ بدون اینکه نیاز به تنفیذ مرتهن داشته باشد، و رد طلبکار (مرتهن) نیز تنها در جایی مؤثر است که او در مقام اعمال حق خود (وصول طلب از محل فروش مال مورد رهن) باشد. در حقیقت، بیع مال مرهون دارای تمام شرایط اساسی صحت معامله است و نمیتوان آن را همانند بیع فضولی و اکراهی که فاقد رضای مالک است، شمرد و از همین رو، نباید فروش موضوع رهن را غیرنافذ به معنای خاص دانست؛ بلکه بطلان یا صحت بیع مال مرهون، «مراعی» به استفاده یا عدم استفاده از عین مرهون برای استیفای طلب است. بنابراین، معامله به مال مرهون، از نظر وضعیت حقوقی، «مراعی» است نه «غیرنافذ یا موقوف» به معنی خاص (ر. ک.: کریمی و جواهرکلام، 1391: 159-179؛ صفایی و جواهرکلام، 1400: 171 به بعد؛ کریمی و جواهرکلام، 1396: 685-698؛ جواهرکلام، 1395: ش143-148، و ش151-152؛ و نیز ر. ک.: ایزانلو، حبیبی و جواهرکلام، 1395، 89-92). در دادنامه شماره 950760 -31/6/1395 صادره از شعبه 35 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی مشهد نیز آمده است: «مراعی وضع معاملهای است که معامله دارای تمام شرایط صحت است و صرفاً شخص ثالث در مال دارای حقی است... رد معامله توسط دارنده حق موجب بطلان قرارداد نمیشود، چرا که حق وی بر مال فقط مانع از آن خواهد شد که عقد دارای آثار کامل گردد و این امر باعث نخواهد شد که وی بتواند معامله را رد کند، زیرا در اینجا طلب بالقوه دارنده حق نادیده گرفته شده است. اگر حق وی به هر دلیلی تأمین شود، عقد دارای منشأ اثر کامل خواهد بود». همچنین در تفاوت عقد موقوف (غیر نافذ) و مراعی گفته شده است: «عدم نفوذ (موقوف) وضع حقوقی عقدی است که به دلیل نبود یکی از شرایط اعتبار عقد، عقد تا حصول شرط مذکور فاقد اثر دانسته میشود و فقط هنگامی عقد نافذ میشود که شرط مذکور حاصل گردد، مانند معامله فضولی که به لحاظ عدم رضایت مالک غیر نافذ تلقی شده است، اما... مراعی وضع معاملهای است که معامله دارای تمام شرایط صحت است و صرفاً شخص ثالثی در مال دارای حق است...» (همان دادنامه).
مراد از عدم نفوذ در رأی وحدت رویه شماره 620 نیز «مراعی» است نه غیر نافذ به معنای خاص (کریمی و جواهرکلام، 1391: 180؛ جواهرکلام، 1395: ش148). شعبه 35 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی مشهد در دادنامه شماره 950760 مورخ 31/6/1395 و شعبه 5 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی شهرستان شهر ری در دادنامه شماره 970594 -26/6/1397 همین دیدگاه را تأیید کرده و اعلام نمودهاند که مراد از عدم نفوذ در رأی وحدت رویه شماره 620، همان «مراعی» است. در رأی اخیر آمده است: اولین تحلیل از رأی وحدت رویه شماره 620 آن است که انتقال املاک در رهن را غیر نافذ بدانیم. نتیجه این تحلیل آن است که اگر مرتهن معامله را تنفیذ نکند، گرچه تمام اقساط بدهی پرداخت گردد و ملک از رهن خارج شود، معامله باطل است. تحلیل دیگر آن است که معامله املاک در رهن مطابق رأی وحدت رویه نه در معنای اصطلاحی غیر نافذ، بلکه در معنی مراعی است. نتیجه این تحلیل آن است که پس از پرداخت آخرین قسط، معاملهای که بر مال مرهون واقع شده، باطل نیست و عدم تنفیذ آن به معنای رد معامله نیست؛ بلکه با پرداخت قسط آخر و خروج ملک از رهن، معامله بر عین مرهونه صحیح است و مالکیت خریدار بر آن تثبیت میشود. از دو تحلیل ارائهشده، توصیف دوم مورد پذیرش این شعبه است.
از این رو، چون شرایط صحت بیع مال مرهون فراهم است و فروشنده به صورت عرفی و قانونی، متعهد به فراهم آوردن مقدمات انتقال ملک و تنظیم سند رسمی به نام خریدار است، باید دعوای الزام به فک رهن و تنظیم سند رسمی انتقال از سوی خریدار پذیرفته شود. در نتیجه، دعوای الزام بایع (راهن) به فک رهن و تنظیم سند رسمی به نام خریدار با مفاد رأی وحدت رویه شماره 620 و حقوق مرتهن تعارض ندارد، زیرا ابتدا باید طلب مرتهن پرداخت شود و پس از آن، مال مرهون فک شده و به صورت رسمی به خریدار انتقال مییابد؛[2] چنانکه در ادامه بدان پرداخته میشود.
1-2. دعوای خریدار علیه فر
|
33 | 5 | 0 |
吞罪的起刑点是2万元。也正是说唯有侵夺财产到达2万元，才会被追究刑责。
2、法定刑在三年以上有期徒刑幅度的量刑源点和基准刑
1、构成职分侵吞罪的，能够依附下列分裂景观在对应的大幅度内显明量刑起点：
行使任务上的便利，违法侵吞本单位财物，犯罪数量到达“数额巨大”源点玖仟0元的，能够在四年至五年有期徒刑幅度内明确量刑源点。在量刑源点的底子上，犯罪数额每增添一千0元，能够扩充二个月刑期，进而分明基准刑。
(1)到达数额相当的大起源的，可以在七个月拘役至一年有期徒刑幅度内分明量刑起源。
3、有下列情状之一的，能够对应增加刑罚量，调整基准刑，但一齐扩展的刑罚量不妥帖先基准刑：
(2)到达多少巨大源点的，能够在八年至八年有期徒刑幅度内鲜明量刑起点。
(1)职责侵夺行为严重影响生育经营或然导致任何严重损失的，能够追加基准刑的四分之三之下;二种状态同偶然间全部的，能够再充实基准刑的百分之十之下;
单 位人员任务犯罪的数量是展现其行为风险性的要紧标准，也是对行为人定罪量刑的首要标准。为力保罚当其罪，应依靠全市外省经济水平显著分裂的定罪量刑数额规范。由此，将整个市分为两类地带，一类地区为广州、深圳、珠海、汕头、佛山、中山、东莞、江门市及其所辖市、县、区，二类地区为湛江、茂名、惠州、揭阳、汕尾、梅州、河源、肇庆、韶关、清远、阳江、云浮连同所辖市、县、区。
(2)多次职责侵夺的，能够扩张基准刑的肆分之一以下;
2、义务侵夺或许单位人口贪赃舞弊犯罪，一类地区以2万以上不满40万元为“数额十分大”，40万元之上为“数额巨大”;二类地区以1万元以上不满30万元为“数额比较大”，30万元之上为“数额巨大”。
(3)任务侵吞用于防止、调节突发可传染性病痛疫情等祸患款物的，能够追加基准刑的伍分叁之下;
二、职责侵夺罪的主脑是非集企、集团依然别的单位的人口，其切实量刑规范如下：
(4)职分私吞救济苦难、抢险、防汛、优待和抚恤、扶贫、移民、救济款物以及募捐款物的，能够扩大基准刑的十分三以下;
1、法定刑在四年以下有期徒刑、拘役幅度的量刑源点和基准刑
(5)任务私吞的款项用来吸毒、赌钱等不合法犯罪活动的，能够增添基准刑的三分一之下。
行使任务上的福利，违法侵夺本单位财物，犯罪数额达成“数额极大”起源两万元的，能够在五个月拘役至4个月有期徒刑幅度内显著量刑起源。在量刑源点的根底上，犯罪数量每扩充一千八百元，能够追加三个月刑期，明确基准刑。
4、确因治病、学习等生活须要而进行职责侵吞的，能够减掉基准刑的十分三之下。
2、法定刑在七年以上有期徒刑幅度的量刑起源和基准刑
应用职分上的便利，违法侵占本单位财物，犯罪数量抵达“数额巨大”起源九千0元的，能够在八年至四年有期徒刑幅度内鲜明量刑源点。在量刑起源的基础上，犯罪数额每增添20000元，能够增添二个月刑期，从而鲜明基准刑。
：
3、有下列意况之一的，能够对应增添刑罚量，调解基准刑，但一同增添的刑罚量不得赶过基准刑：
职分私吞罪立案规范是如何?
(1)职责侵夺行为严重影响生育经营大概变成任何严重损失的，能够追加基准刑的百分之六十以下;三种状态同一时候负有的，能够再扩大基准刑的十分之一之下;
快递员拿走包裹是偷盗依然职分并吞?
(2)数次职责侵占的，能够追加基准刑的75%之下;
盗窃罪与职责侵夺罪的区分是怎么样?
(3)职责侵夺用于幸免、调控突发传染病疫情等灾荒款物的，能够扩展基准刑的百分之四十以下;
(4)任务侵吞救济灾殃、抢险、防汛、优待和抚恤、扶贫、移民、救济款物以及募捐款物的，能够追加基准刑的百分之二十五之下;
(5)任务并吞的款项用来吸毒、赌钱等犯罪犯罪活动的，能够追加基准刑的四分之一以下。
4、确因治病、学习等生活须要而进行任务侵夺的，能够减去基准刑的五分之二以下。
5、假使犯职分侵夺罪的责任职员因为自首、立功、坦白、从犯等合法或研讨从宽处置处罚的内容被人民法院确定的话，依法还足以受到从轻或减轻处置罚款。。
如上就为我们消除了卡拉奇任务并吞罪立案标准是何许的难题，以及职责并吞罪的量刑标准。深圳职分并吞罪的起刑点是2万元，到达2万元会被追究刑责。可是若是物归原主财务，能够在量刑上宽松处置罚款。希望对我们享有助于驾驭。越多相关文化你能够问问律师365安徽律师。
拉开阅读：
职责侵占罪有何样犯罪构成
职分侵吞罪数额异常的小咋办
任务并吞罪是还是不是判罚金如何断定的 【清明说】——清明时节话清明
2018-04-04
小伙伴们
今天是节前的最后一个工作日
明天就是清明节了~
相信很多人都要去祭扫
或者去郊外踏青
那么大家都知道清明的来历或者是一些习俗吗？
今天小编在这里跟大家说说清明
清明节又叫踏青节，在仲春与暮春之交，也就是冬至后的第104天。是中国传统节日，也是最重要的祭祀节日之一，是祭祖和扫墓的日子 ，中华民族传统的清明节大约始于周代，距今已有二千五百多年的历史。
清明最早只是一种节气的名称，其变成纪念祖先的节日与寒食节有关。晋文公把寒食节的后一天定为清明节。在山西大部分地区是在清明节前一天过寒食节；榆社县等地是在清明节前两天过寒食节；垣曲县还讲究清明节前一天为寒食节，前二天为小寒食。
清明节与端午节、春节、中秋节并称为中国四大传统节日。2006年5月20日，中国文化部申报的清明节经国务院批准列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录（类别：民俗；编号：Ⅹ-2）。
节气清明与清明节
二十四节气是中国古代天文学家和民众在生活和生产实践中总结出来的气候规律，比较适宜地反映了一年四季气温、物候、降雨等方面的变化，对人们依时安排农耕、蚕桑等活动有不可或缺的指导意义。到了清明，气温变暖，降雨增多，正是春耕春种的大好时节。所以清明对于古代农业生产而言是一个重要的节气。农谚说 “清明前后，点瓜种豆”、“植树造林，莫过清明”，正是说的这个道理。东汉崔寔《四民月令》记载：“清明节，命蚕妾，治蚕室······”说的是这时开始准备养蚕。其中的“清明节”还只是一个节气，不是节日。
清明节气在时间和天气物侯特点上为清明节俗的形成提供了重要条件，该节气被看作清明节的源流之一。
清明习俗
清明节的习俗除了讲究禁火、扫墓，还有踏青、荡秋千、蹴鞠、打马球、插柳等一系列风俗体育活动。相传这是因为寒食节要寒食禁火，为了防止寒食冷餐伤身，所以大家来参加一些体育活动，来锻炼身体。清明节，民间忌使针，忌洗衣，大部分地区妇女忌行路。傍晚以前，要在大门前洒一条灰线，据说可以阻止鬼魂进宅。 因此，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生离死�
|
33 | 5 | 1 |
manoscritti latini degli "Elementi" di al-Farghani nelle biblioteche europee testimonia la grande popolarità che ebbe la sua opera. Gli specialisti ritengono che fu dagli "Elementi", nella traduzione di Gerardo da Cremona, che Dante trasse le cognizioni astronomiche esposte nel Convivio e nella Vita Nova. La sua cosmologia rivela che egli ebbe una visione abbastanza chiara del principio delle sfere annidate ma nessuna dimestichezza con la cosmologia delle Ipotesi planetarie di Tolomeo. A partire dai parametri dell'Almagesto produsse un calcolo autonomo delle massime e minime distanze di ogni sfera planetaria. Eseguì anche una determinazione abbastanza precisa del diametro della Terra.|
Il Fihrist ("Indice") scritto da Ibn al-Nadim nel 987, attribuisce ad al-Farghani un'altra opera di carattere astronomico: Kitab amal al-Rukhamat ("Libro sulla costruzione di orologi solari"). Svolse anche attività ingegneristica al servizio del suo sovrano, specialmente nello scavo di canali.
THABIT IBN QURRA
Al-Sabi Thabit ibn Qurra al-Harrani (ca. 826 - 901). Nacque ad Harran, la località allora mesopotamica di Carre (oggi turca) dove i Romani guidati da Crasso avevano subito la famosa disfatta dai Parti. La sua famiglia apparteneva alla setta religiosa dei Sabiani, nel culto della quale era riconosciuta l'adorazione delle stelle. Il prenome Al-Sabi mantenuto da Thabit, lascia supporre che egli non si sia convertito all'Islam. La setta aveva mantenuto legami con la cultura greca tanto che era rimasta la tradizione, per i membri della setta, di praticare la lingua greca. Thabit, oltre che naturalmente la lingua araba, aveva dimestichezza sia con il greco che con il siriaco.
La famiglia facoltosa lo convinse ad andare a Bagdad per ricevervi una adeguata istruzione matematica e medica. Al suo ritorno ad Harran, a causa delle sue vedute filosofiche troppo liberali acquisite durante gli studi a Bagdad, dovette subire una persecuzione religiosa da parte degli ambienti conservatori della sua setta e decise perciò di emigrare definitivamente a Bagdad. Là si guadagnò la protezione del califfo al-Mutadid, uno dei più celebri della dinastia Abbasside, che lo nominò astronomo di corte.
Ma una attività di enorme importanza alla quale si dedicò Thabit fu quella della traduzione di opere greche, specialmente di carattere matematico. Sappiamo che le prime due traduzioni in arabo degli Elementi di Euclide, andate perdute tranne che per alcuni frammenti, furono eseguite da al Haggiag. Sono sopravvissuti invece numerosi manoscritti, copie di una terza traduzione degli Elementi eseguita da Hunayn ibn Ishak. Thabit aveva sottoposto la traduzione di Hunayn a una revisione critica. Gli specialisti hanno accertato che la gran parte delle successive versioni arabe degli Elementi, si basarono su questa revisione di Thabit.|
Ma Thabit non fu soltanto un provetto traduttore di opere greche. Fu un brillante matematico che diede notevoli contributi allo sviluppo di questa scienza.
Thabit scrisse anche opere astronomiche nelle quali si fa un grande uso di matematica. La sua opera più conosciuta è Del moto dell'ottava sfera (andata perduta), nella quale venne sviluppata la teoria della trepidazione (movimento oscillatorio degli equinozi e di tutta l'eclittica, al quale dedicheremo un paragrafo in seguito).
Altri suoi lavori astronomici sono giunti fino a noi e sono considerati fondamentali per aver consolidato matematicamente la giovane scienza astronomica araba del suo tempo. In particolare si occupò in maniera attenta e meticolosa dei moti della Luna e del Sole, ritenendo che l'osservazione delle eclissi di Sole e di Luna fossero l'unico modo per determinare la posizione della Luna con esattezza e che dalla durata del ciclo delle eclissi fosse possibile determinare la periodicità dei moti del Sole e della Luna con una semplice divisione (in ciò riprese analoghi studi di Tolomeo).
AL-BATTANI (ALBATENIUS)
Abu Abdallah Mohammad ibn Jabir Al-Battani (ca. 850 - 929). Anche lui, come Thabit Qurra, nacque ad Harran e anche la sua famiglia apparteneva alla setta dei Sabiani. Ma si ritiene che il nome "Abu Allah Muhammad" indichi che Al-Battani, a differenza di Thabit Qurra, fosse di fede islamica. Dunque, di una generazione più giovane di Thabit, non si può escludere che i due si siano frequentati.
Incominciò la sua carriera di osservatore astronomico (e di fabbricante di strumenti astronomici) nelle località siriane di Ar-Raqqah e di Antiochia. Esiste una documentazione (Fihrist, "Indice"), del secolo X attestante il livello elevato della fama di cui era gratificato al suo tempo sia per la qualità delle sue osservazioni astronomiche che per le sue opere.
Secondo questo Fihrist egli osservò tra gli anni 877 e 918, mentre il suo catalogo stellare è dell'anno 880. I suoi lavori elencati nel Fihrist sono Kitab al-Zij e un commentario al Tetrabiblos di Tolomeo.
Il Kitab al-Zij è la sua più importante opera. Comprende 57 capitoli nei quali gli argomenti si succedono secondo lo schema classico degli Zij: introduzione di strumenti matematici, teoria astronomica, tavole. |
Vediamo in breve quali furono i più importanti risultati conseguiti da Al-Battani. Diede un catalogo di 489 stelle. Perfezionò l'accertamento della durata dell'anno a 365 giorni, 5 ore, 48 minuti, 24 secondi. Diede per la precessione degli equinozi il valore annuale di 54".5 e di 23º 35' per l'obliquità dell'eclittica. Accertò la progressione della longitudine dell'apogeo solare e la possibilità di avere anche eclissi di Sole anulari. Secondo alcuni, però, l'autorità di Tolomeo al tempo di Al-Battani era tanto grande che, malgrado i suoi calcoli gli avessero fatto determinare che la distanza del Sole si scostava notevolmente da quella stabilita da Tolomeo, non osò affermarlo pubblicamente. Dove invece manifestò con chiarezza la propria contestazione a Tolomeo fu nel metodo tolemaico di determinazione del diametro apparente della Luna: al-Battani afferma infatti che la Luna può assumere un diametro apparente minore di quello del Sole e ciò spiega perché si verificano le eclissi anulari. Afferma poi che lo stesso diametro solare può variare, contrariamente a quanto sosteneva Tolomeo.
I commentatori sono concordi nell'affermare che l'importanza di Al-Battani nello sviluppo della scienza si manifestò specialmente nell'influenza che le sue opere ebbero su scienziati quali Copernico, Brahe e Galileo.
Il Kitab al-Zij di Al-Battani venne tradotto in latino nel 1116 da Platone da Tivoli con il titolo De motu stellarum. Un'altra traduzione venne eseguita nel XIII secolo in Spagna, ed entrambe fortunatamente ci sono pervenute.
IBN YUNUS|
Abul Hasan Ali Abd al-Rahman ibn Yunus (ca. 950 - 1009).
Nacque in Egitto, probabilmente al Cairo, da una famiglia che aveva dato illustri studiosi. In Egitto regnava la dinastia Fatimide che aveva tratto il nome per discendenza da Fatima, la figlia di Maometto. Questa dinastia era riuscita a imporsi sulla Abbasside, conquistando nella prima metà del secolo X il Nordafrica e la Sicilia.
Ibn Yunus divenne un protetto del califfo Al-Aziz che, malgrado fosse sempre impegnato in operazioni militari fino all'ultimo giorno della sua vita, lo favorì nel consentirgli di iniziare la sua attività astronomica. Dopo la morte di Al-Aziz il califfato passò al figlio al-Hakim e si ritiene che anche lui abbia continuato a proteggere l'attività astronomica di Ibn Yunus, sebbene sembra che il nuovo sovrano fosse più interessato ai responsi astrologici del suo protetto.
Il suo lavoro più importante fu uno Zij: al-Zij al-Hakimi al-kabir, dedicato, come dice il titolo, al sovrano. Di 81 capitoli, conteneva osservazioni eseguite da Yunus e da suoi predecessori, una caratteristica questa piuttosto singolare (gli altri autori, in genere, non facevano distinzione tra le proprie osservazioni e quelle di altri).
La gran parte del materiale di quest'opera di Yunus era costituita da tavole di vario tipo alle quali fecero ricorso anche altri autori di epoche successive.
I suoi biografi sono concordi nell'affermare che predisse la data della sua morte con sette giorni di anticipo, che si ritirò in casa ad attenderla serenamente recitando versetti del Corano.
AL-HAITHAN (ALHAZEN)|
Abu Ali Hasan Ibn al-Haithan (Alhazen) (ca. 965 - 1040). Nacque a Bassora, nell'attuale Irak meridionale. Ricevette la sua educazione a Bagdad. E' considerato il padre dell'ottica moderna. Trascorse la maggior parte della sua vita in Spagna, dove condusse ricerche di ottica, matematica e fisica.
Studiò la rifrazione della luce attraverso l'aria e l'acqua, giungendo a scoprire le leggi della rifrazione. Arrivò molto vicino a scoprire le leggi delle lenti di ingrandimento.
Il suo libro Kitab-al-Manazir tradotto in latino con "Opticae thesaurus" servì da base per le ricerche sull'ottica di Roger Bacon, Pole Witelo, Leonardo da Vinci e Keplero.
Contraddisse la credenza che risaliva a Euclide e Tolomeo, secondo i quali la visione era dovuta a raggi emessi dall'occhio, affermando invece che i raggi visivi provenivano dagli oggetti. Contraddisse anche la introduzione dell'equante da parte di Tolomeo, però unicamente sulla base della violazione dei principi della fisica aristotelica. A lui sono attribuiti i primi esperimenti sull'uso della camera oscura. Scrisse più di duecento libri dei quali solo pochissimi sono sopravvissuti.
AL-BIRUNI
Abu Arrayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973 - 1048). Nacque nell'attuale Karakalpakstan (Uzbekistan) a Kwarizm, sul Lago d'Aral. Il suo luogo natale oggi è chiamato Biruni, in suo onore. Iniziò i suoi studi sotto la guida del famoso astronomo e matematico Abu Nasr Mansur. Nel 990, giovanissimo eseguì la misurazione della latitudine del suo luogo natale. All'età di 22 anni aveva già portato a termine una serie di brevi scritti scientifici, uno dei quali Cartografia, un trattato sulle proiezioni che è sopravvissuto e che, oltre a sue idee originali, mostra una vasta cultura sull'argomento per le estese citazioni su altre opere.
Nel 995 la famiglia regnante, Banu Iraq, venne rovesciata da un colpo di stato ed al-Biruni dovette mettersi in salvo. Non è chiaro sapere cosa accadde in questo frangente al suo maestro Abu Nasr Mansur, che era un principe di quella famiglia. Si sa che nella città di Ravy, presso l'attuale Teheran, riuscì a svolgere attività astronomica negli anni dal 995 al 997, ma sempre sotto l'assillo di ristrettezze economiche. In questo periodo ebbe modo anche di collaborare con il famoso Abul Wafa. Essi decisero di osservare una eclisse di Luna, (24 maggio 997), al Biruni a Kath, e Abul Wafa a
Bagdad, in modo da ricavare la differenza di longitudine tra le due località.|
Si sa che intorno all'anno 1000 dedicò il suo libro Cronologia a Qabus, regnante sullo stato di Ziyarid, dal che dobbiamo arguire che gli aveva accordato la sua protezione. In questo libro al-Biruni cita anche sette sue opere precedenti, una delle quali soltanto di argomento storico e le rimanenti tutte di argomento astronomico.
Sappiamo che il 4 giugno 1004 egli era di ritorno al suo luogo natale perchè quel giorno osservò un eclisse di Luna.
Nel 1004, regnando su quel territorio Abul Abbas Mamun, al-Biruni potè fruire del suo generoso supporto, che, forse per intercessione di al-Biruni stesso, il signore estese anche al vecchiuo maestro di al-Biruni, il principe Abu Nasr Mansur, per cui i due scienziati ebbero la ventura di tornare a lavorare assieme. Ma la guerra doveva nuovamente interrompere gli studi di al-Biruni. Nel 1017 la regione venne occupata militarmente e passò sotto il controllo del sovrano di Ghazna al-Mahmud e i due scienziati, virtualmente prigionieri del nuovo sovrano, dovettero seguirlo a Ghazna.
Il periodo che segue è piuttosto di difficile interpretazione perchè sembra che, malgrado al-Biruni abbia potuto svolgere una certa attività scientifica, abbia dovuto subire al contempo anche delle privazioni.
La complessità della relazione tra al-Biruni e il suo signore Mahmud è deducibile anche dal fatto che al-Biruni dovette seguirlo durante una campagna militare che il sovrano condusse in India, durante la quale al-Biruni ebbe modo di eseguire determinazioni di latitudini di diverse località del Punjab fino ai confini del Kashmir. Di questa esperienza indiana al-Biruni lasciò una descrizione in una sua opera famosa, India, che ci è pervenuta. Si tratta di un'opera di enorme importanza per la gran quantità di notizie su diversi aspetti di quel paese: la religione, le tendenze filosofiche, il sistema di caste e le usanze matrimoniali. Al-Biruni studia poi il sistema di scrittura e quello di numerazione. Infine viene studiata l'astronomia , l'astrologia e il calendario indiani.
Al-Biruni studiava la letteratura indiana dall'originale sanscrito del quale era un esperto traduttore in arabo. Affrontava in questa lingua gli argomenti più disparati, quali astronomia, astrologia, cronologia, geografia, grammatica, matematica, medicina, filosofia, religione, sistemi di pesi e misure.
Il sovrano Mahmud morì nel 1030 e il potere passò al figlio anziano Masud, che sembra aver trattato Al-Biruni meglio di quanto aveva fatto il padre, perchè god
|
33 | 5 | 2 |
and complex.
group of people selected out of a population to be asked questions
on a survey is called a "sample." For the results of a survey to be
accurate, the sample must be similar to the broader population in terms
of race, age, sex, education, income and other important characteristics.
If the sample is not representative of the population, the opinions
of those in the sample cannot be generalized to the larger group.
big does a sample need to be? The answer might surprise you. First,
sample size depends much more on the amount of diversity in a population
than it does the size of that population. For example, if every individual
in a one million person population holds the exact same opinions, a
sample size of one would be sufficient to accurately gauge the opinions
of the group. In contrast, if every person in a group of one thousand
people held very different opinions on a subject or subjects, a sample
size of one thousand might be required to accurately measure the group's
attitudes. (Technically, if every member of a population is surveyed,
there is no "sample" or "sampling" involved, just the population.)
A sample must be large enough, then, to reflect all of the significant
variations in opinions and attitudes throughout the population. So
how big is big enough? For small populations, say of five hundred or
less, a researcher is generally better off simply surveying the entire
group. In contrast, a sample of five hundred is generally sufficient
to measure the opinions of a population of 100,000 people. In fact,
as population size increases, the proportion of a population required
to comprise an acceptable sample decreases. Repeated experimentation
with varying sample sizes and extensive statistical and probability
analysis has led to the conclusion that a relatively small, randomly
drawn sample of 1,200 or 1,500 individuals can be highly representative
of a population of more than 250 million people. In fact, increasing
sample sizes to 5,000 or even 100,000 does not substantially improve
the accuracy of the results.
In theory, selecting a random sample is straightforward. First, a researcher
must decide what group of people he or she is interested in learning about.
For example, if someone is interested in predicting how people will vote
in an upcoming election, the relevant population consists of those individuals
who are going to vote. Similarly, if one wants to measure the opinions
of homeowners, the population consists of people who own homes. Once a
population is defined, the next task is to select a representative sample.
The most effective way to do this is to randomly select individuals from
a list of every individual in the population. In most cases, however, it
is difficult or impossible to obtain a list of everyone in the relevant
population. For instance, in the previous voting example, the list of those
who actually vote will not be determined until election day. In such cases,
researchers must do their best to randomly select people who are highly
likely to be in the population.
In practice, most public opinion surveys
are conducted by telephone. Using specialized computer software, random
telephone numbers are dialed and interviewers attempt to complete interviews
with persons in those households. To promote the randomness of the sampling
process, interviewers may also be instructed by the computer program
to ask for either a male or female respondent. Another less-frequently
used sampling technique involves randomly selecting addresses in a neighborhood
or area and then having interviewers personally visit the homes at those
addresses. A more commonly used but more problematic technique is to
mail surveys to randomly selected individuals or households.
Despite some early setbacks (see the box on sampling above), pollsters
have become very skilled at drawing representative samples. However, the
single most difficult sampling problem is not drawing a representative
sample, but rather securing completed interviews with each selected individual.
For a variety of reasons, many of the people selected to be in a sample
will not answer the questions on a survey--they may be too busy, too disinterested,
or they may simply be unavailable. If the people who refuse to complete
the survey share similar characteristics, such as working at the same time
of day or having similarly hostile attitudes toward public opinion surveys,
their absence from the sample will diminish the survey's generalizability.
Unless all kinds of people are included in the sample, even those who don't
like to answer surveys, the sample will not be a representative cross-section
of the entire population.
Assuming that every member of a random sample is willing and available
to answer the questions on a survey, pollsters must still design valid
and reliable questions and then ask them of each individual in the sample.
If the questions that are asked are not carefully written and presented
consistently, the results may be inaccurate even with a good sample. Several
problems associated with survey questionnaire design and interviewing must
be anticipated and accounted for to make the results as accurate as possible.
Pollsters must exercise caution in writing questions because the way a
question is worded can influence how individuals respond to it. Leading
questions, loaded phrases, poorly worded questions, providing responses
is a particular order or even the order in which questions are asked can
all effect the responses that are given.
For example, if a researcher was interested in measuring public support
for a state governor or member of Congress, he or she might simply ask: "Do
you approve or disapprove of the way [insert the politician's name] is
handling his/her job as [insert title of office]?" Altering this question
in any way might change the results of the survey. Pollsters have discovered
that even including titles such as "Governor," "Senator," "Congressman," or "President" tends
to slightly increase the approval ratings of politicians. Using descriptive
words, such as "successful" or "hard-working," can
alter the results even more. Asking the question as it stands immediately
after asking a question that casts the individual in potentially positive
or negative light can also alter individual responses. For example, if
a researcher asked respondents what they would think of a politician if
they found out he or she was having an affair and then asked the "approve
or disapprove" question, the results would be less favorable for the
politician than if the question had been asked in isolation.
The accuracy of individual responses to survey questions can also be influenced
by unwillingness (because of evasiveness) or inability (because of a lack
of information or poor memory) to answer questions accurately. Respondents
may also give "socially desirable" answers instead of accurate
ones when asked about such positively viewed activities as voting or donating
to charities or negatively viewed activities such as criminal behavior
or discrimination. The appearance and tone of voice of the interviewer
can also influence the way people respond to survey questions.
How to Read Poll Information
Despite all of the difficulties associated with accurately measuring public
opinion, skilled and conscientious survey researchers are still able to
conduct public opinion polls that yield valid and reliable results. As
a consumer of the news and of public opinion polls, you should, however,
look at public opinion poll results with a critical eye. Was the sample
selected randomly? What was the response rate of individuals in the sample?
What kinds of questions were asked? In what order?
In most cases, you will not be provided with enough information to answer
all of these questions. A growing number of news outlets, however, are
using the Internet to disseminate detailed information about the surveys
they conduct, often publishing the entire survey questionnaire online for
readers to see for themselves. In almost every case though, what is reported
about a poll is the sample size, the dates the poll was conducted and the "margin
of error" for the poll.
A poll's "margin of error" is a statistical statement of the
amount of confidence the survey researcher has in the results of his or
her poll. Most public opinion polls have a margin of error between plus
or minus seven and plus or minus three percentage points. What this means
is that the percentages of individuals in the sample who chose each response
to any given question could be off either direction by the magnitude of
the reported margin of error.
the example to the right, the results of Survey A show that Candidate
Fred is supported by 55% of the voters while Candidate Wilma is supported
by 45%. The margin of error for Survey A is plus or minus 5%. This
means that each candidate's support could be as much as five percentage
points higher or lower in the population than it was measured in the
sample. In this case, adding five points to Candidate Wilma's total
and correspondingly subtracting five points from Candidate Fred's would
put each candidate's support at 50%. Survey B, taken a month after
Survey A, shows that Candidate Wilma is now supported by 60% of the
voters while Candidate Fred has dropped to 40%. With a margin of error
of plus or minus 4%, the lowest Wilma's support in the population is
likely to be is 56%, while Fred's likely high is 44%. Even adjusting
for the margin of error in Survey B, Wilma enjoys a clear lead over
Fred. Based only on the results of Survey A, however, the race is too
close to call because the difference between the two candidates is
within the margin of error.
Public Opinion and Democracy
was noted at the outset, public opinion has always been an important
influence in American politics. Indeed, even the Federalists sought
to build public support for the Constitution during the debates on
ratification so the delegates to state ratifying conventions would
feel compelled to cast votes in support of the document. That is not
to say, however, that the Federalists trusted the opinions of the people.
On the contrary, the representative system created by the Constitution
reflects their fears about government by majority opinion. In particular,
the Senate, with its members originally chosen by state legislators,
not directly by the people, was designed to insulate public policy
decisions from the opinions of the people. Indeed, James Madison declared
in The Federalist No.
Senate] may be sometimes necessary as a defense to the people against
their own temporary errors and delusions. As the cool and deliberate
sense of the community ought, in all governments, and actually
will, in all free governments, ultimately prevail over the views
of its rulers; so there are particular moments in public affairs
when the people, stimulated by some irregular passion, or some
illicit advantage, or misled by the artful misrepresentations of
interested men, may call for measures which they themselves will
afterwards be the most ready to lament and condemn. In these critical
moments, how salutary will be the interference of some temperate
and respectable body of citizens, in order to check the misguided
career, and to suspend the blow meditated by the people against
themselves, until reason, justice, and truth can regain their authority
over the public mind?
no uncertain terms, the Framers of the Constitution anticipated that the
opinions of the people would influence the decisions made by political leaders,
but they also hoped that the representatives of the people would not simply
mimic the passions of the majority at any given moment. Indeed, the process
of representation, as it is practiced by most members of Congress, is a much
more careful and considered exercise than reading opinion polls and voting
accordingly (see "Congressional Representation").
the opinions of the people be trusted? An abundance of survey evidence
suggests that the people, on the whole, display an astonishing lack
of information about the political system, its processes and about
particular policy problems and issues. If public opinion is so poorly
informed, would it not be easily manipulated? That is at least one
reason the Framers favored republican, i.e. representative, government
over democracy. By requiring the representatives of the people to periodically
face reelection, they provided a mechanism for keeping them accountable
for their decisions. In between elections, however, members of Congress
could cast votes in Washington and then go back home and explain them.
In a republic, there are bound to be differences of opinion between
the people and their elected representatives. The Framers appear to
have hoped such differences would arise regularly. When such differences
exist, though, it is the responsibility of each representative to explain
to the people back home why he or she has cast a vote that was contrary
to the will of the people. If the explanation is inadequate or unconvincing,
the people can choose to send a new representative to Washington. Geologic Formations and their Water-bearing Properties
Pre-Permian RocksComparatively meager data are available concerning the strata beneath the Permian rocks in Finney and Gray counties. The nearest outcrops of these older rocks are in the central and eastern parts of the state, more than 200 miles east of the area under consideration. These older rocks dip westward beneath younger strata and, therefore, are known in western Kansas only from deep oil and gas tests.
Only five wells have been drilled deep enough to penetrate pre-Permian strata beneath Finney and Gray counties. The oldest rocks encountered by deep drilling are sandy cherty dolomites (Arbuckle limestone) of Cambro-Ordovician age. Moss (1932, p. 39) states that the Arbuckle limestone probably is more than 300 feet thick beneath most parts of Ness and Hodgeman counties, but in places may be thin or entirely missing. The Champlin Refining Company's oil test in the NE 1/4 SW 1/4 sec. 34, T. 28 S., R. 29 W., Gray County, penetrated 119 feet of Arbuckle limestone at a depth of 6,386 feet to 6,505 feet. Two deep oil tests in Finney County encountered the Arbuckle limestone; the National Refining Company's test in the SW 1/4 sec. 13, T. 23 S., R. 30 W., penetrated the Arbuckle at a depth of 5,608 feet to 5,872 feet, and a test drilled in sec. 24, T. 22 S., R. 29 W., penetrated it at a depth of 5,470 feet to 5,556 feet (Ver Wiebe, 1938, p. 56). None of these tests were drilled through the Arbuckle limestone, so the total thickness is not known.
Rocks belonging to the Ordovician system were encountered above the Arbuckle limestone in the three deep oil tests mentioned above. The upper part of the Ordovician in this area, where present, consists of cherty, dolomitic limestone (Viola limestone), and the lower part consists of sand and sandy shale (Simpson group). It is doubtful whether these Ordovician rocks are present everywhere beneath Finney and Gray counties, for pre-Mississippian erosion has probably removed part or all of them locally. The Viola limestone was encountered at a depth of about 6,190 feet in the oil test drilled in sec. 34, T. 28 S., R. 29 W., and the Simpson group was penetrated at a depth about 6,350 feet. In the oil test drilled in sec. 13, T. 23 S., R. 30 W., the Viola was encountered at a depth of 5,405 feet and the Simpson at 5,580 feet (Ver Wiebe, 1938, p. 56). In sec. 24, T. 22 S., R. 29 W., the Viola was topped at 5,315 feet and the Simpson at 5,460 feet (Ver Wiebe, 1938, p. 56).
Rocks of Mississippian age are found unconformably overlying the Viola limestone. No strata of Silurian or Devonian age have been recognized in deep drillings in this area. The Mississippian system is characterized by massive limestone, which is sandy and oolitic near the top and contains cherty zones lower down (Ver Wiebe, 1940, p. 37). In the Atlantic Refining Company's Eva Nunn well, in sec. 27, T. 21 S., R. 34 W., the top of the limestone was reached at 4,616 feet. The well was drilled to a total depth of 4,718 feet but did not reach the base of the limestone. An oil test drilled in sec. 13, T. 23 S., R. 30 W., encountered the limestone at a depth of 4,742 feet to 5,405 feet, and an oil test drilled in sec. 24, T. 22 S., R. 29 W., encountered it at a depth of 4,655 feet to 5,315 feet (Ver Wiebe, 1938, p. 56). The oil test in southern Gray County in sec. 34, T. 28 S., R. 29 W., encountered limestone of Mississippian age between depths of about 5,1
|
33 | 5 | 3 |
dilgi taş alet' teknolojisinin Sibirya'dakilerle aynı olduğunu açıkladı.
Dünyanın bilinen ilk yerleşim yeri Göbeklitepe hakkında arkeologlar çok önemli bir bulguya daha ulaştı. Tarihi günümüzden en az 11 bin 600 yıl geriye giden Şanlıurfa-Göbeklitepe'deki tapınağın inşasında kullanılmış aletleri inceleyen bilim adamları, bu taş alet teknolojisinin Sibirya bölgesinde bulunan 30 bin yıllık malzemelerle benzeştiğini ortaya çıkardı.
Buna göre Göbeklitepe'de Sibirya'da kullanılan taş alet teknolojisinin izleri mevcut. Bilim adamları, 30 bin yıl önce Sibirya'dan çıkan ve önce bütün Asya'ya daha sonra da Doğu ve Kuzey Avrupa'ya yayılan göçün Göbeklitepe'ye de damgasını vurduğunu belirtiyor.
Prof. Dr. Semih Güneri, Dünyaya Kültür Taşıyan Ön Türk Kurultayı'nda konuya ilişkin çarpıcı bir sunum yaptı. Geçtiğimiz günlerde İstanbul'da gerçekleştirilen kurultayda katılımcılara bilgi veren Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Kafkasya Ortaya Asya Arkeoloji Araştırmaları Merkezi'nden emekli öğretim üyesi Prof. Güneri, 30 bin yıl önce Sibirya'dan çıkan ve bütün Asya'ya daha sonra Doğu ve Kuzey Avrupa'ya yayılan göç olduğunu belirterek, bu göçleri arkeolojik belgeler üzerinden izlediklerini dile getirdi.
ZAGROS DAĞLARINDAN GÖBEKLİTEPE'YE...
Bu göçlerle Göbeklitepe arasında bağ kuran Prof. Güneri şunları söyledi:
"Sibirya'dan çıkan ve Orta Asya dağ koridorunu kullanarak Zagroslara ulaşan kitle göçleri Göbeklitepe kültürü alanlarına Kuzey Irak üzerinden ulaşmış olmalılar. Rus meslektaşlarımızla yürüttüğümüz araştırmaların şimdiki sonuçlarına göre Erken Kuzey Asya genetik grubu ile temsil edilen Üst Paleolitik Sibiryalı halkların baskı teknolojisi ile ürettikleri taş alet endüstrilerinin bölgedeki somut izleri Rus ve Avrupalı meslektaşlarımız tarafından ortaya konulmuştu. Eski Kuzey Asyalı halklar tarafından M.Ö. 30 binlerden itibaren geliştirilen baskı mikro dilgi teknolojisinin ürünlerini Erken Holosen'de Zagros dağları (İran-Irak sınırındaki sıra dağlar) bölgesinde görüyoruz. Teknoloji daha sonra Göbeklitepe kültürüne aktarılıyor."
"Göbeklitepe kültürünün oluşum sürecinde daha erken dönemi temsil ettiği halde Doğu Akdenizli Epi-Paleolitik kültürlerinin belirleyici rolü yoktur. Göbeklitepe yüksek kültürünün Sibiryalı baskı mikro dilgi taş alet teknolojisinin taşıyıcıları ile olan ilişkileri artık bir sır değil. Orta Asya dağlık koridoru üzerinden Zagroslara ulaşan ve kuzey Irak üzerinden Göbeklitepe kültürü ile buluşup kaynaşan Sibiryalı/Kuzey Asyalı yerli halkların bölgedeki izlerini Zagroslar bölgesine ait genetik analizlerin sonuçları da doğruluyor."
KEMİK MALZEMEYE DİZİLMİŞ MİKRO DİLGİLER
"Baykal bölgesinde 2019'da hem kazı alanlarında hem de laboratuvarlarda araştırmalar yaptık. Çalışma Türkiye'deki en saygın arkeolojik hakemli dergisinde yayınlandı. Üzerinde çalıştığımız baskı mikro-dilgiler 2-5 mm boyutlarında minik kesicilerdir. Bunlar kemik malzemeye dizilerek en ince işlerde kullanılan hassas aletlerdir. Çalışmamızın böyle bir dergide yayınlanmış olması hipotezimizin onaylandığını gösteriyor. Çalışmalarımızı, ilk defa bir uluslararası toplantıda, Dünyaya Kültür Taşıyan Ön Türk Kurultayı'nda geniş çevrelere duyurmuş olduk."
7 BİN KİLOMETRELİK GÖÇ KESİN
"Göç hareketleri ancak arkeolojik belgelerle doğrulanabiliyorsa göç olarak kabul edilir. Sibirya-Yakın Doğu Üst Paleolitik göçleri maddi kültür belgeleriyle doğrulanmış bir süreçtir. Andığımız taş alet üretim teknolojisi belli ki yaklaşık 7 bin kilometre doğudan batıya doğru taşınmış. Bu teknoloji en erken Türk dili konuşan halklar tarafından uzak mesafelere doğrudan mı iletiliyor yoksa ara istasyonlara taşınarak mı uzun mesafeyi katediyor, bir netlik yok ama yine de arkeolojik belgelere bakılırsa Sibiryalı halkların Zagroslar bölgesine ulaştığını biliyoruz. Sibiryalı avcı-toplayıcılarla yerli Zagroslu avcı-toplayıcılar arasında ilişkiler olmuş görünüyor. Genetik araştırmaların sonuçları da zaten Sibiryalı halkların Zagroslara kadar ulaştığını gösteriyor. Göbeklitepe kültürü bölgesine dair genetik araştırmalar yapıldığında bu tip sonuçlar ortaya çıkabilir. Sibirya-Göbeklitepe hipotezi ve yayınlanan makale doktora öğrencilerimle birlikte yürüttüğümüz kolektif bir çalışmanın sonucudur." It is essential to develop critical studying and analysis abilities when you’re at college to show greater-stage considering. Be Good: You can not cheat or fake your means by means of a literary essay. SparkNotes might Literary Analysis Introduction get you through a ebook report. It won’t get you thru a real essay, and there might be real consequences for making an attempt. An F is frankly the best possible outcome. Read the ebook. Use the textual content. We’re leveling up here.
SDE retains your academic integrity safe. Writers contribute to one hundred% unique papers. We verify every document for plagiarism to ensure they’re Turnitin-prepared. We suggest reading the feedback Literary Criticism Essay left by those that tried our essay writing service. These feedback will provide help to make a final choice.
16. Writing an introduction. An introduction could also be a couple of paragraph, though in a brief essay, it’s usually just one. The thesis assertion usually is placed literary analysis paragraph examples at the very finish of the introduction. In a crunch? A PROFESSIONAL Masters stage author will do your essay in three-6 hours. 60% of assignments arrive before the deadline FREE.
Form is how a text is put together. While you look at a textual content, observe how the author has arranged it. If it’s a novel, is it written in the first individual? How is the novel divided? If it’s a short story, why did the creator choose to write down quick-form fiction instead of a novel or novella? Examining the type of a text may also How To Write A Literary Essay help you develop a starting set of questions in your reading, which then may guide further questions stemming from even nearer attention to the particular phrases the author chooses. A bit background analysis on type and what completely different forms can imply makes it simpler to determine why and the way the author’s choices are necessary.
A very good literary essay must be a combination of abstract and analysis. To get a high grade for the task, a author should carry out a job of a critic whereas analyzing the learn text. Always test your writing guidelines to know for sure Literary Analysis how many summarizing sentences you must introduce. For instance, most of professors would state that your reader is already conversant in the plot and you’re supposed to pick the key examples and use them in assist of your claims.
The initial step to essential analysis to read fastidiously and totally, identifying the creator’s thesis. Most of your information will come from studying different sources and understanding totally different takes and opinions on the same difficulty.
The Latest On Root Details Of essay samples
News On Major Aspects In essay samples
A literary essay is a short, non-fiction composition that covers just about any literary topic imaginable. Authors generally write literary essays for studying pleasure reasonably than to convey a message, and students Sample Literary Analysis Essays are often assigned literary essays to evaluate their data of books or tales they read.
Updates On Sensible literature essay Systems
As a rule, there are standardized necessities as to analysis essay outline and format Your analysis essay should have title page (if required), introduction , thesis assertion (optionally), physique, conclusion and checklist of works cited Logically, the body is the principle part of an analysis essay. There you must current a number of arguments and counter-arguments, i.e. to investigate the chosen problem. Also, it’s a must Literary Criticism Essay to make sure your analysis essay writing is organized in a coherent and logical manner. In conclusion you need to summarize information and share your findings with readers. It’s fascinating that many college students write introduction after they’ve written your complete paper. The point is that having studied all supplies and information sources it is possible to put in writing a more persuasive introduction.
Students grasp easy methods to categorical their views in a simple manner. Recording your ideas steadily and skimming the commentaries of successful writers, will equip you with helpful abilities. 15. Begin to jot down the paper. It might be helpful to begin together with your introduction (although not always).
With the flexibility to see the world with a pair of contemporary eyes, it triggers the reader to mirror upon their own lives. Studying a cloth that’s relatable to the reader might educate them morals and encourage them to practice good judgement. This can be confirmed through public college programs, the place the books which can be emphasised essentially the most tend to have an ethical-instructing purpose behind the story. An instance Literary Essays would be William Shakespeare’s stories, where every one is supposed to be reflective of human nature – each the good and bad. Consequently, this may promote better judgement of situations, so the reader does not discover themselves in the same circumstances as perhaps these in the fiction world. Henceforth, literature is proven to not only be reflective of life, nevertheless it can be used as a information for the reader to observe and follow good judgement from.
The very first thing you might want to think about is the literary analysis essay outline. With its assist, you may vastly pace up the process and improve the standard of your future work. An overview is a kind of a plan, which highlights the primary sections of your essay. Just write down all of the things you want to talk about and seek the advice of this listing any time you’re starting a new paragraph. Numerosi media occidentali lasciano la Russia
Dopo la Bbc e la Cnn, anche i giornalisti di Bloomberg e dell'emittente pubblica canadese Cbc hanno temporaneamente sospeso il proprio lavoro in Russia, in seguito all'approvazione della nuova legge sui media che prevede fino a 15 anni di prigione per diffusione di "notizie false".
Unhcr: "Verso 1,5 milioni di rifugiati, è una valanga umana"
Una "valanga umana di persone" che si riversa oltre i confini dell'Ucraina nei paesi vicini. Lo dice l'Alto Commissario delle Nazioni Unite per i Rifugiati, Filippo Grandi, a Bbc World News. Il numero totale dei rifugiati ucraini, ha spiegato, "sta andando molto rapidamente verso 1,5 milioni" e "aumenta molto rapidamente". Grandi ha affermato che la Moldova ha già accolto oltre 200.000 rifugiati, "un fardello molto difficile da sopportare" per un paese al di fuori dell'Ue con infrastrutture limitate e una popolazione esigua. Ma, ha sottolineato, i funzionari moldavi stavano facendo un lavoro fantastico, e l'organizzazione dei rifornimenti al confine richiede tempo.
Casa Bianca: "Uccidere Putin? Non è la nostra posizione"
La Casa Bianca ha preso le distanze dalle affermazioni del senatore repubblicano Lindsey Graham, che ha invocato l'assassinio del presidente russo da Vladimir Putin da parte di un connazionale. "Questa non è la posizione del governo americano e certamente non è una dichiarazione uscita dalla bocca di qualcuno che lavora per questa amministrazione", ha sottolineato la portavoce Jen Psaki. Graham ha sostenuto la necessità che "qualcuno elimini questo tizio con qualsiasi mezzo possibile".
Zelensky critica la Nato sulla no-fly zone
Il presidente ucraino, Volodymyr Zelensky, ha criticato la decisione della Nato di non istituire una no-fly zone in Ucraina. "Oggi la leadership dell'Alleanza ha dato luce verde all'ulteriore bombardamento di città e villaggi ucraini, rifiutandosi di stabilire una no-fly zone", ha denunciato, secondo quanto riporta il portale Kyiv Independent.
Usa e Russia si dotano di un nuovo canale di com,unicazione
La linea è aperta: di fronte all'escalation del conflitto in Ucraina, militari americani e russi hanno stabilito tra loro un nuovo canale di comunicazione, che sarà utilizzato in caso di emergenza. Lo ha annunciato il Pentagono. Questa linea, istituita "da pochi giorni", collega direttamente il comando americano in Europa al ministero della Difesa russo, ha indicato il portavoce del Pentagono, John Kirby. "Sappiamo che funziona", ha detto. "Quando l'abbiamo testato, hanno risposto".
Casa Bianca: "Harris vola in Polonia e Romania"
Anche la vicepresidente Kamala Harris - dopo il segretario di Stato Usa Antony Blinken - vola in Europa, dove visiterà Varsavia e Bucarest dal
|
33 | 6 | 0 |
ن می تواند به شما کمک کند از هشتگ های بهتر استفاده کنید.
از هشتگ هایی استفاده کنید که به هدیه اشاره می کنند
یکی از راههای جذابتر کردن هشتگها که باعث تعامل بیشتر کاربران با توییت شما و مشاهده پروفایل شما میشود، استفاده از هشتگی است که به هدیه اشاره میکند. چنین هشتگ هایی کاربران را کنجکاو می کند و توییت شما را ریتوییت می کنند یا از پروفایل شما بازدید می کنند.
استفاده از هشتگ های مربوط به مناسبت ها و زمان ها
یکی از سادهترین راهها برای به دست آوردن مخاطبان بیشتر برای توییتهایتان، استفاده از هشتگهایی است که مربوط به مناسبت است. به عنوان مثال، اگر موضوع هشتگ شما برای جمعه سیاه است، استفاده از آن می تواند مفید باشد. بهترین استراتژی برای استفاده از این روش یافتن پست هایی است که ترافیک کافی دریافت نکرده اند. پس از آن با هشتگ های مربوط به زمان مناسب مانند کلمه (پنجشنبه گذشته) آنها را ریتوییت کنید و دوباره سعی کنید بازدید آنها را افزایش دهید.
از هشتگ های موقعیت مکانی استفاده کنید
مانند هر برنامه دیگری، کاربران در توییتر نیز دوست دارند از مکان شخصی که توییت می کند بدانند. به همین دلیل است که کاربرانی که می خواهند توییت هایشان بیشتر دیده شود، قدرت استفاده از هشتگ های خاص مکان را دست کم نمی گیرند. شما همچنین می توانید از این ابزار برای کسب و کار محلی خود استفاده کنید. یعنی به کاربران نشان دهید که کسب و کار شما در کجا قرار دارد. علاوه بر این، استفاده از هشتگ حاوی مکان به کاربرانی که در همان مکانی هستند که شما را زودتر پیدا میکنند، کمک میکند. برای استفاده از این ابزار کافیست نام شهر یا محل سکونت خود را بعد از علامت # تایپ کنید.
هشتگ ها را متعادل کنید
یک سری از هشتگ ها مانند کیک بسیار پرکاربرد هستند و کاربران مختلف توییت هایی در آن زمینه منتشر می کنند. اگر فقط از این هشتگ ها استفاده کنید، پیدا کردن توییت شما در میان توییت های دیگر برای مخاطبان دشوارتر می شود. در نتیجه، مخاطبان کمتری توییت شما را خواهند دید. همچنین هشتگ هایی وجود دارند که به یک موضوع تخصصی اشاره می کنند، مثلاً کیک شکلاتی که توییت های آن تا حدودی کمتر از هشتگ های محبوب است. باید تعادلی بین استفاده از هشتگ های بسیار محبوب و هشتگ های کوچکتر پیدا کنید تا توییت های شما بیشتر دیده شوند. این مهارت را باید با آزمون و خطا و آزمایش هسته های مختلف به دست آورید.
تجزیه و تحلیل و تجزیه و تحلیل هشتگ های توییتر
هنگامی که شروع به استفاده منظم از هشتگ کردید، وقت آن است که آن را تجزیه و تحلیل کنید تجزیه و تحلیل هشتگ توییتر می رسد. بررسی کنید که کدام هشتگ ها با توجه به بازدیدهای توییت موفق تر بوده اند. پس از آن، از هشتگ های بیشتری استفاده کنید که برای توییت های شما مفید بودند. همچنین برخی از ابزارهای آنلاین مانند Statusbrew می توانند به شما گزارش دهند و نتایج استفاده از هشتگ ها را در روزهای مختلف مشاهده کنند.
نظرات و پیشنهادات شما؟
در مقاله امروز به سوال نحوه استفاده از هشتگ در توییتر پاسخ دادیم و به بررسی نکات مهم استفاده از هشتگ در توییتر پرداختیم. چه نکات دیگری را می دانید که می تواند اثربخشی هشتگ ها را در توییتر افزایش دهد؟ می توانید نظرات، پیشنهادات و تجربیات خود را در مورد نحوه کار با هشتگ در توییتر در قسمت نظرات به اشتراک بگذارید. bayseyyah ;
nerden duydun bunu.
bayseyyah ;
nerden duydun bunu.
şu gün için böyle bir şey yok medyada bununla ilgili hiç bir yazı görmedim..
kulaktan duyma bir bilgi bu bende akıbetini araştırıyorum ..
Engelliler için emekliliği mümkün olduğunca zorlaştıran bir hükümetten böyle bir yaklaşımın olabileceğini düşünebiliyor musunuz?
Açıkçası ben düşünemiyorum..
Fısıltı gazetesine inanmayın.. A tongue-smoking red chili may stay out of hot water thanks to a new botanical area in Arizona, the first in the U.S. set aside to protect wild relatives of domesticated crops. The botanical area — a four-square-mile parcel in the Coronado National Forest, 50 miles south of Tucson — was officially dedicated to the preservation of the red-hot chiltepine last month.
Photo by Jesús García.
For more than 8,000 years, wild pea-sized chiltepines have grown in the Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and the southwestern U.S. Now cattle grazing and fire threaten to eliminate the northernmost population of the chiltepines, a genetically hardy strain that has survived in a harsh climate along Arizona’s mountainous southern fringe. “The chiltepines that grow here may contain the genes for disease and pest resistance, or drought and frost tolerance,” says the botanical area’s project director, Suzanne Nelson of Native Seeds/SEARCH in Tucson, Ariz.
Special protection for chiltepine habitat is critical, Nelson says, because the plants have never been successfully harvested for more than three years in cultivated plots. Chiltepine plants grow under the shelter of nurse trees like mesquite, oak, and palmetto, which shield the chilis from sun, heat, frost, and nibblers like goats, cattle, and deer. The new botanical area’s high altitude, in addition to deterring some chili-munching animals, cuts down the chance of fire. Fire doesn’t harm the chilis directly, but it wreaks havoc on sensitive hackberries, a fruit-bearing nurse tree under which chilis like to grow.
Photo by Native Seeds/SEARCH.
Harvesters, or chiltepineros, pick an estimated 30 tons of chiltepines a year for salsa and stews, insect and bear sprays, and medicines to treat indigestion, arthritis, and mouth cancer. If we don’t protect the chiltepines in Arizona, “we could miss out on even more uses,” says Nelson.
The nonprofit Native Seeds/SEARCH — a seed conservation group that strives to protect the traditional farming methods of native peoples in the southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico — lobbied for creation of the wild chili botanical area. It struck up an agreement with the federal government that will let the group monitor the plant population, collect seeds, and conduct research on the land. The organization will also use the area as a training ground for natural resource managers from Mexico and elsewhere, building a network of people who can collaborate to solve common crop problems across international borders.
Photo by Josh Tewksbury.
Though there are between 2,000 and 3,000 domesticated varieties of chilis growing worldwide, chiltepines are one of only 23 wild species. “[Chiltepines] are the basis for virtually all the peppers we eat in this country,” says University of Montana chiltepine researcher Joshua Tewksbury. “Bell peppers, jalapeños, serranos, you name it — this little pepper is where they all came from.” Still, it’s the chiltepine’s heat that has earned it the moniker “the mother of all chilis.” The sinus-clearing power of this little firecracker makes it the third hottest chili in the world, behind only the habanero and Bahamian.
“Hell-fire in my mouth” is how 18th-century missionary Padre Ignaz Pfeffercorn, stationed near the present-day Arizona-Mexico border, described his introduction to chiltepines. “After the first mouthful the tears started to come,” Pfeffercorn said. “I could not say a word. However, one becomes accustomed to it after frequent bold victories, so that with time the dish becomes tolerable and finally very agreeable.” Discovered in 1881, "Unknown Man E" this mummy baffled. He was very unusual because he appears to have been embalmed quickly, without removing the brain and viscera, sewn into goatskin (sign of disgrace/unclean), hands and feet bound, and placed in a cedar box, the interior of which had to be crudely hacked to widen it, and wearing golden earrings that shows status. He was 18. He might have still been alive and left to agonize. No embalmer's incision was found. He was from around 120
|
33 | 6 | 1 |
یون پوندی حدود ۳ هفته دیگر به ساحل ایالت ویرجینیا در آمریکا می رسد و به بزرگترین کشتی خودرانی تبدیل می شود که اقیانوس آتلانتیک را طی کرده است.
با توجه به آنکه هیچ انسانی در کشتی وجود دارد، این وسیله نقلیه با تکیه بر هوش مصنوعی تصمیم گیری و در مقابل موانع احتمالی در آب از خود محافظت می کند.
البته پیش از این و در سال گذشته میلادی قرار بود کشتی این سفر را انجام دهد اما این تلاش موفقیت آمیز نبود.
MAS با همکاری دانشگاه پلیموث، متخصصان ابزارهای خودران MSubs، شرکت فناوری آی بی ام و خیریه پرومار ساخته شده است. این کشتی خودران داده هایی حیاتی درباره اقیانوس مانند تعداد نهنگ ها را با استفاده از میکروفون و نمونه برداری از آب برای ردیابی پلاستیک، جمع آوری می کند.
جالب آنکه کشتی مجهز به یک کاپیتان هوش مصنوعی است که حساب کاربری توئیتر خود را دارد. کاپیتان هوش مصنوعی با استفاده از بینایی رایانشی، نرم افزار خودکار و پلتفرم هوش مصنوعی آی بی ام کار می کند. این سیستم با بیش از یک میلیون تصویر آموزش دیده و می تواند کشتی ها، زباله ها، پل ها، خشکی و دیگر خطرات را شناسایی کند.
MAS برای بازسازی سفر تاریخی کشتی می فلاور از انگلیس به آمریکا در ۴۰۰ سال قبل ساخته شده است. کشتی باستانی ۱۰۲ مسافر را حمل می کرد و در پاییز ۱۶۲۰ میلادی، پس از ۱۰ هفته به مقصد خود رسید. collectd是一个守护(daemon)进程，用来收集系统性能和提供各种存储方式来存储不同值的机制。它会在系统运行和存储信息时周期性的统计系统的相关统计信息。 Zabbix的监控项和监控展示都很丰富而且准确，但不足之处就是zabbix监控虚拟机时需要在虚拟机里安装代理zabbix-agent,否则就无法监控虚拟机.Collectd可以不用向虚拟机里安装任何东西就能监控虚拟机的数据 ，特别是内存使用情况，之所以要将zabbix与collectd进行结合，主要是zabbix不能对虚拟机的内存进行监控，但collectd可以，而且collectd是直接运行在底层的，不用向虚拟机里安装任何东西 ubuntu安装Collectdapt-get install collectd配置collectdHostname 192.168.56.201LoadPlugin interfaceLoadPlugin 的数据接收端口号 启动service collectd start
在这个例子中，我们将收集带有collectd的系统统计信息，并将它们传递给InfluxDB，然后存储它们。然后我们将使用Grafana可视化存储的数据。 服务器1（192.168.50.20） - 收集统计数据并通过collectd转移到InfluxDB。 默认情况下，collectd监视CPU，内存，接口，负载和其他一些，但您可以将其配置为使用相关监视任何您想要监视的内容插件。 安装server-1：〜$ sudo apt-get updateserver-1：〜$ sudo apt-get install collectd collectd-utilsserver-1：〜$ Collectd参考链接:Monitoring pluginsConfiguration options
q=CREATE+DATABASE+%22collectd%22&db=collectd或者用web ui ? 安装 Collectd$ sudo apt-get install collectd配置 Collectd 为客户端，收集到数据后直接发给 InfluxDB$ sudo vi etccollectdcollectd.conf Server 192.168.2.183 25826 ...重启 Collectd：$ sudo etcinit.dcollectd restart配置 InfluxDB 自带的 Collectd 插件 InfluxDB 自带的 Collectd 插件默认是关闭的，需要手动配置打开 enabled = true，并填上 database = “collectd” 这一行，这里的 “collectd” 就是我们上面创建的那个数据库 传来的数据InfluxDB 已经准备好接受和处理 Collectd 传来的数据了。
配置input { udp { port => 12000 codec => collectd {} type => collectd-demo }}output { stdout { codec => => free, plugin => df, host => 192.168.56.201, @version => 1, collectd_type => df_complex, type => collectd-demo 19.620Z, plugin => entropy, host => 192.168.56.201, @version => 1, collectd_type => entropy, type => collectd-demo
6.collectd： collectd是一款用C语言开发的开源的性能监测工具，无需系统cron支持、简单易用。collectd是插件式架构，主要分为输入、输出类型插件。 当系统运行和存储信息的时候，collectd会周期性地统计系统相关信息。那些信息可以用来找到当前系统性能瓶颈。 与其他监测工具相比，collectd它完全是由C语言编写，性能很高、可移植性好，它允许运行在系统没有脚本语言支持或者cron daemon的系统上，比如嵌入式系统。 collectd包含有超过70多种插件，同时，collectd提供强大的网络联网特性，它能以多种方式来扩充。 而collectd不足之处则是不能直接生成图片。 目前collectd的最新版本为5.2.1，源码托管在GitHub上。 以上这些产品大部分是开源的，对于中小型公司来说，利用开源产品能大大提高团队的开发效率。
第5步 - 安装和配置collectd在此步骤中，我们将设置并配置collectd以收集系统的指标。collectd是一个收集，传输和存储性能数据的Unix守护程序。 要注意的主要文件是collectd配置文件etccollectd.conf，以及主要的collectd守护进程二进制文件usrsbincollectd。 我们可以使用collectd来测试配置，如下所示：sudo usrsbincollectd -t如果collectd配置没有错误，则此命令将返回而不输出。如果文件中发现任何错误，它们将列在终端中。 sudo service collectd start步骤6 - 配置InfluxDB以使用收集的度量标准要存储InfludDB中collectd收集的collectd系统指标，我们需要启用和配置InfluxDB collectd输入插件。
第5步 - 安装和配置collectd在此步骤中，我们将设置并配置collectd以收集系统的指标。collectd是一个收集，传输和存储性能数据的Unix守护程序。 要注意的主要文件是collectd配置文件etccollectd.conf，以及主要的collectd守护进程二进制文件usrsbincollectd。 我们可以使用collectd来测试配置，如下所示：sudo usrsbincollectd -t如果collectd配置没有错误，则此命令将返回而不输出。如果文件中发现任何错误，它们将列在终端中。 sudo service collectd start步骤6 - 配置InfluxDB以使用收集的度量标准要存储InfludDB中collectd收集的collectd系统指标，我们需要启用和配置InfluxDB collectd输入插件。
从外部监视代理（数据collectd，diamond，statsd等）或系统（Nagios，Icinga，Sensu等）被转移到石墨。接下来，碳中继将数据转发到Skyline。 您需要配置Graphite，collectd和Skyline以使此数据流正常工作。 Deny from all Allow from localhost Satisfy Any 然后重启Apache服务：sudo systemctl restart httpd从收集中获取数据您还可以配置collectd 配置文件：sudo vi optskylinesrcsettings.py确保启用警报：ENABLE_ALERTS = True然后找到以下ALERTS部分并添加以下模式：ALERTS = ( (^)(collectd 在这种情况下，它是collectd. 架构的第二个值是smtp，代表电子邮件警报。最后一个值1800以秒为单位。这意味着即使检测到触发器，警报也不会在30分钟（1800秒）内触发多次。
具体可以参考Collectd 的官方网站。 collectd 不仅仅是收集性能数据，还根据这些数据周期性统计系统的相关信息，以这些统计信息为依准，检查当前服务器性能和预测系统未来，但它本身不能生成图形——虽然它能写 RRD 文件，但是不能从这些文件生成图形 像 VPSee 就是选用 collectd 来收集机器的各个性能参数。 相对于其他收集系统性能指标的项目，collectd 有一定的优点，比如嵌入式系统，C 语言开发（高效）、无需系统 cron 支持（独立）、简单易用等，此外他还包含超过70多种插件以及文档支持。
您需要包含statd，collectd等解决方案才能使数据收集部分正常运行。Graphite将从这些来源获取所有数据，并将此数据作为时间序列存储在其存储后端中。 值得注意的是，虽然Gnocchi同时支持collectd和statsd（Prometheus中的出口商选项），但支持是单向的，这意味着您可以向Gnocchi发送collectd statsd指标，但不是相反 具有基本数据收集解决方案的经典基础架构： 如果您的基础架构使用诸如collectd，statd或其他类似的仅数据收集工具之类的东西，并且只要Graphite可以使用它们，那么使用Graphite来执行时间序列存储部分在中央服务器中
Docker events tail Tail files dummy Generate dummy data head Head Input health Check TCP server health collectd collectd input plugin statsd StatsD input plugin serial Serial input stdin Standard Input syslog Syslog
扫码关注云+社区
领取腾讯云代金券 Extensive research has been carried out for at least 50 years to understand the mechanical properties of brain tissue in order to understand the
|
33 | 6 | 2 |
8 anni umani
4 anni: 32 anni umani
5 anni: 36 anni umani
10 anni: 56 anni umani
15 anni: 76 anni umani
20 anni: 96 anni umani
L'aspettativa di vita media di un gatto suggerisce che molti vivono l'equivalente di una vita umana completa. Nel 2019, le Nazioni Unite hanno stimato che l'aspettativa di vita media globale è di 72,9 anni. Sono poco più di 14 anni da gatto.
Durata della vita media delle razze di gatti popolari
La durata media della vita di un gatto dipende da una serie di fattori. Tra questi ci sono quelli genetici, tramandati dagli antenati di un gatto. Come chiariscono gli esempi seguenti, alcune razze vivono più a lungo di altre:
American Shorthair: dai 15 ai 20 anni
Bengala: da 14 a 16 anni
Birmano: da 16 a 18 anni
Maine Coon: da 10 a 13 anni
Manx: da 8 a 14 anni
Persiano: da 10 a 17 anni
Ragdoll: dai 15 ai 18 anni
Blu di Russia: dai 15 ai 20 anni
Savana: da 12 a 20 anni
Siamese: da 12 a 20 anni
Sphynx: da 10 a 15 anni
Aiutare il tuo gatto a vivere una lunga vita
Vuoi aiutare il tuo gatto a raggiungere la vecchiaia? Seguire alcune semplici linee guida può aiutare il tuo gatto a crescere bene fino all'età adulta e assicurarti di avere un sacco di tempo insieme:
Cure veterinarie
Anche l'amante dei gatti più esperto non può fare tutto da solo. Il tuo veterinario è un partner nella cura degli animali domestici, un esperto che offrirà una guida pratica dai giorni del gattino agli anni dell'ultimo anno. Ti guideranno su come promuovere una vita felice e sana a casa e ti aiuteranno a riconoscere i segnali di pericolo prima che si trasformino in gravi problemi di salute. Proprio come le persone, i gatti sono soggetti a condizioni di salute croniche che possono accorciare la loro vita e avere un impatto sul loro tenore di vita. Un buon veterinario si assicurerà che tu stia facendo tutto il possibile per massimizzare il tuo tempo con il tuo animale domestico senza causargli stress o sofferenze eccessive.
Nutrizione
Il tuo veterinario si rivelerà anche essenziale nella pianificazione della dieta del tuo gatto. Le esigenze nutrizionali di un felino cambieranno con l'età e uno specialista può aiutarti a garantire che tu gli fornisca sempre tutto ciò di cui hanno bisogno. Se necessario, il veterinario può consigliare di integrare alimenti commerciali o anche l'acquisto di miscele speciali su prescrizione. Scopri di più su come aiutare il tuo gatto a mantenere un peso sano.
Stile di vita
Come discusso, i gatti al chiuso tendono a vivere molto più a lungo dei gatti all'aperto. Mentre la famiglia media include la sua giusta quota di pericoli, tenere i gatti in casa è generalmente considerato un vantaggio per la loro longevità. Assicurati di rendere la tua casa "a prova di gatto", rimuovendo variabili e pericoli per creare un ambiente sicuro. Ricordati di aspettarti dei cambiamenti man mano che il tuo gatto invecchia. Probabilmente dovrai apportare modifiche diverse per un gatto anziano rispetto a quelle che faresti per un gattino.
Esercizio e coinvolgimento
I gatti possono sembrare pigri, ma ciò non significa che possano fare a meno della stimolazione fisica e mentale. L'esercizio fisico regolare non è solo essenziale per mantenere sani gli animali domestici, è anche fondamentale per la loro felicità! Mantenere gli animali domestici impegnati con giocattoli e opportunità da esplorare può impedire loro di annoiarsi e svogliarsi, promuovendo l'acutezza mentale nel loro periodo geriatrico.
L'assicurazione non può impedire che si verifichino emergenze per la salute degli animali domestici, ma la rete di sicurezza finanziaria che fornisce può fare una grande differenza quando arriva il momento di amministrare le cure. I fornitori offrono una gamma di opzioni. Le polizze più semplici offrono una copertura solo contro gli infortuni e le malattie, mentre quelle più complete coprono tutto, dalle cure di routine alle spese di fine vita.
Il gatto più vecchio di tutti i tempi
Secondo il Guinness dei primati, un gatto di Austin, in Texas, di nome Creme Puff, ha vissuto più a lungo di qualsiasi altro gatto domestico nella storia. Nato nel 1967, l'American Shorthair è stato un devoto compagno di famiglia per più di tre decenni, vivendo fino a ben 38 anni. La famiglia affettuosa del gatto anziano ha riferito di avergli dato una dieta insolita che includeva cibi come asparagi e panna. به گزارش اسپوتنیک به نقل از «ایرنا»، مؤسسه اقتصاد انرژی کره جنوبی روز ۳۰ آوریل اعلام کرد که این کشور پیش از این بارها در شرایط مضیقه خرید نفتی به دلیل تحریم های آمریکا قرار گرفته و هیچوقت نتوانسته است مواد نفتی ایده آل مانند آنچه از ایران می خرد را پیدا کند.
یکی از پژوهشگران مرکز نامبرده گفت:«پالایشگاه ها تمایلی به خرید نفت فوق سبک از کشورهای دیگر حتی از قطر ندارند زیرا بهای آنها بالاتر است».
پالایشگاه های کره جنوبی اعلام کرده اند که نفت فوق سبک ایران نسبت به کشورهای دیگر از جمله قطر دارای سولفور کمتری است. بهای رقابتی مناسبی دارد و برای تولید مواد پتروشیمی که می تواند در محصولات مختلف از جمله بطری های پلاستیکی استفاده شود، بسیار مناسب است.
تحلیلگران کره ای تصریح کرده اند:«وقتی هزینه برای تهیه مواد خام از جمله نفت فوق سبک به دلیل عدم واردات از ایران افزایش یابد، تولیدات با هزینه بیشتری به دست مشتری خواهد رسید و این موضوعی نیست که برای کسی خوشایند باشد، ضمن آنکه کره جنوبی در تولید این محصولات قدرت رقابتی خود را در برابر برخی کشورها نظیر چین از دست خواهد داد».
کره جنوبی اگرچه بخشی از نفت سبک مورد نیاز خود را از کشورهای قطر، نیجریه، نروژ، لیبی، مالزی، فیلیپین، استرالیا و قطر تأمین می کند اما آمارها نشان می دهد این کشور نزدیک به ۵۰ درصد نفت فوق سبک لازم برای شرکت ها و پالایشگاه های خود را از ایران وارد کرده است.
کاخ سفید، ۲۲ آوریل در بیانیهای اعلام کرد که دونالد ترامپ رئیس جمهوری آمریکا تصمیم گرفته است معافیت خرید نفت ایران که پیشتر به هشت کشور داده بود را تمدید نکند.این تصمیم آمریکا مورد انتقاد کشورهایی مانند چین، هند و ترکیه قرار گرفته و به نظر می رسد بر تعداد کشورهای معترض به این رویکرد افزوده خواهد شد.ترامپ با اعلام تحریم صادرات نفت ایران طی چند هفته آینده، کشورهایی که به خواسته آمریکا عمل نکنند را به اعمال تحریم تهدید کرده است.
اقدام یکجانبه آمریکا موجب نگرانی در بازارهای جهانی شده است. بازار نفت با واکنش منفی به این تصمیم، شاهد افزایش سه درصدی بهای نفت بوده که بیشترین میزان افزایش در ۲۰۱۹ بوده است. There is a big difference between “eating for survival” and “eating for performance.” When an athlete plans their diet, they obviously have to concentrate on the latter. In the end, diet is probably the most important factor for athletes, with training and exercise in second place.
When you decide to adopt a performance-based diet, one of the most important things is to choose your primary source of protein. You have many options in this department, from meat to beans and many other things. In this article, we will talk about one of the best options: Seafood. Here are just a few reasons that athletes should eat more seafood.
Seafood Promotes Brain Health
The brain drives the body, making it the root of all athletic activity. The human body is driven by electrical signals from the brain, and a healthy brain can send and receive those signals more quickly. Not only that, but brain health is essential for the quick thinking that often separates winners from losers.
This study is just one of many that have proven this point. They found that seafood protects the brain from oxidation. Oxidation is a process that breaks down organic matter and is a natural part of the aging process. Seafood prevents this process because it includes a relatively large amount of an element called Selenium.
There are about 30 different enzymes that protect the brain from oxidation, much like an enameled coating prevents steel from rusting. However, all of these enzymes require a certain amount of Selenium in order to function.
Seafood Promotes Longevity
The length of your lifespan can be influenced by many factors, but it seems that seafood can and does make a big difference. The single biggest piece of evidence for this fact comes from the traditional Japanese diet.
Japan has the longest life expectancy of any nation on earth, and the gap is widening. According to most reports, Japanese life expectancy is at an all-time high as of 2018. It is believed that this long life expectancy comes from the fact that they eat far more seafood than most other nations.
There is evidence to show that diet is the main factor here. Japan doesn’t have a whole lot of farmland, and there isn’t enough space on a small island to accommodate a lot of cattle, pigs, sheep, etc. As such, meat tends to be more expensive. Since ancient times, their best source of protein has been the sea. There is also plenty of evidence to show that seafood promotes healthy aging.
High In Protein, Low In Fat
Most seafood is extremely high in beneficial proteins. Most fish will have protein levels that are similar to those of chicken, beef, or pork. At the same time, they have a much lower fat content. The fats that they do contain are mostly omega fatty acids, which is a good thing.
Omega fatty acids are responsible for a lot of the health benefits of seafood. You see, the body needs a certain amount of fat in order to process its protein, and seafood gives you that fat in a beneficial form. Omega fatty acids do not cause as much weight gain as saturated fats, so fish is likely to help you lose weight. Because they produce a slight increase in metabolism, omega fatty acids have been shown to aid weight loss (to a certain extent).
Seafood Promotes Endurance And Recovery
Many people choose to take fish oil supplements because they have been shown to fight inflammation with great effectiveness. Whenever you see medicine that can do the job with little to no side effects, it warrants a closer look. At the same time, researchers have also proven that this anti-infl
|
33 | 6 | 3 |
Nangnang commandery centered around Pyeong'yang was established when Emperor Wu of Han China attacked Gojoseon in 108 BC and was under the rule of Wei from 238. Wei is the country that destroyed the Later Han dynasty."
- Armstrong, Charles K. (1995), "Centering the Periphery: Manchurian Exile(s) and the North Korean State" (PDF), Korean Studies, 19: 1–16, doi:10.1353/ks.1995.0017
- "North Korean historiography from the 1970s onward has stressed the unique, even sui generis, nature of Korean civilization going back to Old Chosön, whose capital, Wanggömsöng, is now located in the Liao River basin in Manchuria rather than near Pyongyang. Nangnang, then, was not a Chinese commandery but a Korean kingdom, based in the area of Pyongyang."
- Pratt, Keith (2006). Everlasting Flower: A History of Korea. Reaktion Books. p. 10. ISBN 978-1861892737.
- "108 BC: Han armies invade Wiman Choson; Chinese commanderies are set up across the north of the peninsula"
- Nelson, Sarah Milledge (1993). The Archaeology of Korea. Cambridge University Press. p. 168. ISBN 9780521407830.
- "The Chinese commanderies did not extend to the southern half of the peninsula, stretching perhaps as far south as the Han river at the greatest extent, but they did reach the northeast coast."
- "He then divided the country into military districts, of which the most important was that of Lolang, or Laklang, with headquarters near the modern Pyongyang. Tomb excavations in this area have produced much evidence of the influence of Han civilization in northern Korea."
- "The best known of these commanderies is Lelang, centered on the present city of Pyongyang, now the capital of North Korea."
- Swanström, Niklas (2009). Sino-Japanese Relations: The Need for Conflict Prevention and Management. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 13. ISBN 978-1847186201.
- "Under Emperor Wu-ti, Han China extended her influence into Korea, and in 108 B.C., the peninsula became a part of the Chinese Empire, with four dependent provinces under the Chinese charge."
- Meyer, Milton W. (1997). Asia: A Concise History. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 118. ISBN 978-0847680634. Archived from the original on 2017-01-10.
- "In southern Manchuria, and northern and central Korea, the Chinese established four commanderies, which were subdivided into prefectures."
- "The Han dynasty created four outposts in Korea to control that portion of its border."
- "Chinese forces subsequently conquered the eastern half of the peninsula and made Lolang, near modern Pyongyang, the chief center of Chinese rule."
- Hwang, Kyung Moon (2010). A History of Korea: An Episodic Narrativea. Palgrave MacMillan. p. 4. ISBN 978-0230205451.
- "In the corridor between the peninsula and northeast China, the Chinese Han dynasty established four “commanderies” that ruled over parts of the peninsula and Manchuria, much as modern imperial powers governed their colonies."
- Tennant, Charles Roger (1996). A history of Korea. Kegan Paul International. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-7103-0532-9.
- "Soon after, the Wei fell to the Jin and Koguryŏ grew stronger, until in 313 they finally succeeded in occupying Lelang and bringing to an end the 400 years of China's presence in the peninsula, a period sufficient to ensure that for the next 1,500 it would remain firmly within the sphere of its culture."
- Eckert, Carter J. (1991). Korea Old and New: A History. Ilchokak Publishers. p. 13. ISBN 978-0962771309.
- "The territorial extent of the Four Chinese Commanderies seems to have been limited to the area north of the Han River."
- Eckert, Carter J. (1991). Korea Old and New: A History. Ilchokak Publishers. p. 14. ISBN 978-0962771309.
- "As its administrative center, the Chinese built what was inessence a Chinese city where the governor, officials, merchants, and Chinese colonists lived. Their way of life in general can be surmised from the investigation of remains unearthed at T'osong-ni, the site of the Lelang administrative center near modern P'yongyang. The variety of burial objects found in their wooden and brickwork tombs attests to the lavish life syle of these Chinese officials, merchants, and colonial overloads in Lelang's capital. ... The Chinese administration had considerable impact on the life of the native population and ultimatedly the very fabric of Gojoseon society became eroded."
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Korea.|
|Wikivoyage has a travel guide for History of Korea.|
- the National Institute of Korean History.
- Korean History online, Korean History Information Center
- Timeline of Korean Dynasties
- Kyujanggak Archive, pdf files of Korean classics in their original written classical Chinese
- Korean History :Bibliography, Center for Korean Studies, University of Hawaii at Manoa
- History of Korea, KBS World
- History of Corea, Ancient and Modern; with Description of Manners and Customs, Language and Geography by John Ross, 1891 صندوق توسعه ملی پیرو ادعای عدم تزریق منابع به صندوق تثبیت اعلام کرد: به تعهدات پایبند بوده اما هنوز قراردادی امضا نشده و به لحاظ حقوقی واریز نقدینگی خطا است که منجر به ورود دستگاه های نظارتی می شود.
علیرضا کنگرلو مدیر روابط عمومی و حوزه ریاست صندوق توسعه ملی در واکنش به اظهارات محسن خدابخش مبنی بر عدم تحقق وعده واریز ماهانه ۶۵۰ میلیارد تومان به صندوق تثبیت بازار سرمایه به ایسنا گفت: صندوق به تعهدات پایبند بوده و مشکلی برای اجرا ندارد. به طوری که تاکنون نزدیک به ۳ هزار میلیارد تومان از محل منابع به صندوق تثبیت بازار واریز شده است.
وی افزود: صندوق تثبیت بازار هنوز قرارداد فی مابین را امضا نکرده است. در این شرایط پرداخت پول از طرف صندوق توسعه ملی به صندوق تثبیت بازار به لحاظ حقوقی خطا است و دستگاههای نظارتی به این موضوع ورود خواهند کرد. اگر صندوق تثبیت بازار علاقه مند به کمک از سمت صندوق توسعه ملی و دریافت منابع است باید فرایند حقوقی و اداری را بطور کامل طی کند.
بنابراین گزارش، رئیس هیات عامل صندوق توسعه ملی اوایل بهمن ماه اعلام کرده بود، پیش بینی شده ۵۱۰ میلیون دلار از منابع ارزی صندوق توسعه ملی در اختیار صندوق تثبیت بازار قرار گیرد که ۱۲ هزار میلیارد تومان خواهد بود. تاکنون ۲.۷ هزار میلیارد تومان در سه قسط به صندوق تثبیت بازار پرداخت شده است و مابقی نیز بصورت اقساط ۶۵۰ میلیارد تومانی پرداخت خواهد شد. The Tuolumne County Public Health Department reports clusters of patients around the state have contracted the H1N1 influenza A virus this year. The virus, against which a flu shot in the United States will defend against, is commonly called the “swine flu” and first appeared in 2009. It’s unusual in that it tends to more-severely affect middle aged adults, rather than the elderly and young children, as is more common with the flu.
In all cases, the patients are recovering or have recovered, he said.
Stolp said all people over 6 months of age can receive a flu shot, and also suggested that people take extra precautions to follow good hygiene and help prevent the spread of flu.
Flu vaccinations are available at the Public Health Department, at many pharmacies and grocery stores, and at doctors’ offices.
Public health offices generally hold clinics and push for flu shots in September and October so people can receive them to build up immunity for the season’s peak. Influenza season peaks in January and February, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Calaveras County Health Officer Dr. Dean Kelaita, however, noted that the immunization is still effective if administered in the winter.
This year’s dominant flu strain has swept through the southeastern United States already. In Texas, five people had died as of last week. At least two had underlying health conditions including hypertensive cardiovascular disease and obesity.
More than 200,000 people are hospitalized every year because of the flu, and the virus kills thousands a year, according to the CDC. It’s especially important for people who are over 50 or have chronic illnesses or conditions.
The flu vaccine is available as an injection or a nasal spray. The nasal spray is available to people between the ages of 2 and 49, with the exceptions of pregnant women and individuals with certain health issues.
Flu symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, headaches, body aches, chills and fatigue.
For vaccination information, call the Tuolumne County Public Health department at 533-7401 or the Calaveras County Public Health Department at 754-6460. Sapere in biblioteca
Raccolte più o meno complete delle annate storiche di Sapere si trovano in numerose biblioteche in giro per l’Italia. Per l’elenco delle biblioteche che possiedono il periodico si può consultare l’OPAC- Catalogo del Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale o l’ ACNP – Catalogo Italiano dei Periodici.
Raccolte di Sapere sono rintracciabili nel sistema bibliotecario, consultabile on line, della Svizzera
Negli Usa, una raccolta di Sapere è censita nel catalogo della Libreria del Congresso. By John Parrotta (Deputy Coordinator, IUFRO Division 8) and Lawal Marafa (Chair of the Conference Organizing Committee)
Dealing with uncertainties
REDD+ (reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and enhancing forest carbon stocks in developing countries) is an evolving mechanism for climate change mitigation under continued debate within and outside of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). While it has the potential to realize its primary climate change mitigation objective, there is considerable uncertainty regarding its actual or potential impacts on biodiversity, forests and the livelihoods of people in the tropical and sub-tropical forested landscapes where REDD+ implementation is envisaged.
All year round, IUFRO (www.iufro.org) scientists hold or participate in meetings to present results and exchange knowledge in all fields of research related to forests. Quite recently, only a short time before the Global Landscapes Forum in mid-November on the sidelines of the Warsaw Climate Change Conference, IUFRO scientists were again discussing issues of great relevance to this upcoming event, namely at the:
RegioResources (RR) 21-2013 conference: A cross-disciplinary dialogue on future perspectives for a sustainable development of regional resources As machine learning becomes more popular, its applications are becoming more widespread. One area where machine learning is beginning to have an impact is in physics. In this blog post, we’ll explore some of the ways machine learning is being used in physics, and how it could be used even more in the future.
Explore our new video:
In recent years, machine learning has become increasingly popular in a variety of fields, including physics. Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence that can be used to automatically detect patterns in data and make predictions about future trends. It has been used in a wide range of applications, from identifying new particles at the Large Hadron Collider to predicting the properties of materials.
There are many different types of machine learning algorithms, but they can broadly be divided into two categories: supervised and unsupervised. Supervised algorithms are trained on a dataset that includes both input data and desired outputs. For example, if you were trying to use a machine learning algorithm to identify new subatomic particles, you would need a dataset that included both the particle data and the labels (e.g., “proton”, “neutron”, “electron”). Unsupervised algorithms, on the other hand, are only given input data and must learn to identify patterns on their own.
Machine learning algorithms can be applied to a wide variety of problems in physics, from experimental data analysis to theoretical model development. In this article, we will briefly review some of the most common applications of machine learning in physics.
What is Machine Learning?
Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence in which computers are trained to learn from data, identify patterns and make predictions. Unlike traditional programming, which relies on explicit rules and instructions, machine learning uses algorithms that learn from data. This allows
|
33 | -1 | 0 |
Kartpostal neden popüler?
Kartpostal, sevdiklerimize özel ve kişisel bir mesaj göndermenin harika bir yoludur. Ayrıca, kartpostallar tatil dönemlerinde veya özel günlerde hatıra olarak saklanabilirler. Bu nedenle, popülerliğini korumaktadır.
2. Kartpostal yazarken ne kadar uzun bir mesaj yazılmalıdır?
Kartpostalın arkasındaki boş alan sınırlı olduğu için mesajınız kısa ve öz olmalıdır. Ancak, mesajınızın anlamlı ve samimi olması önemlidir. İdeal olarak, 3-4 cümleden oluşan bir mesaj yeterli olacaktır.
3. Kartpostal yazarken hangi renk kalemi kullanılmalıdır?
Kartpostal yazarken genellikle siyah veya mavi bir kalem kullanılır. Bu renkler okunaklı ve net bir yazı sağlar. Ancak, el yazısı kullanmak daha kişisel bir etki yaratacaktır.
4. Kartpostalı postaneye vermeden önce kontrol etmek gerekiyor mu?
Evet, kartpostalın üzerindeki alıcı bilgileri ve mesajınızı kontrol etmek önemlidir. Adresi doğru ve net bir şekilde yazarak kartpostalınızın zamanında teslim edilmesini sağlamalısınız.
5. Kartpostal için uygun bir resim nasıl seçilir?
Kartpostal için uygun bir resim seçerken, kartpostalın konusunu yansıtan bir fotoğraf veya resim seçmelisiniz. Örneğin, tatil döneminde göndereceğiniz bir kartpostalda plaj veya deniz manzaralı bir fotoğraf kullanabilirsiniz.Ayrıca, sevdiklerinize özel bir mesaj göndermek istediğiniz için resmi seçerken onların ilgi alanlarına uygun bir fotoğraf veya resim de tercih edebilirsiniz.
6. Kartpostalın teslim süresi nedir?
Kartpostalın teslim süresi ülkeye ve bölgeye göre değişebilir. Ancak, genellikle kartpostalların teslim süresi normal posta gönderilerinden daha uzun olabilir. Tatil dönemlerinde veya yoğunluk olduğunda teslim süresi daha da uzayabilir.
7. Kartpostal yazarken hangi dil kullanılmalıdır?
Kartpostalınızı hangi dilde yazacağınıza karar vermeniz gerekiyor. Eğer sevdikleriniz ile Türkçe konuşuyorsanız kartpostalınızı Türkçe olarak yazmanız daha uygun olacaktır. Ancak, sevdikleriniz başka bir dil konuşuyorsa o dilde bir kartpostal yazabilirsiniz.
8. Kartpostal göndermek için hangi boyutta olmalıdır?
Kartpostallar genellikle 10×15 cm boyutlarında olur. Ancak, bazı ülkelerde farklı boyutlarda kartpostallar da bulunabilir. Postaneye gitmeden önce kartpostalın boyutunu kontrol etmeniz önemlidir. Ayrıca, kartpostalın kalınlığı da belirli bir sınırın üstünde olmamalıdır. According to legend, the Dorian leader Aletes had been told by the Delphic oracle that the Dorian invasion of Athens would succeed as long as the king was not harmed. The news of this prophecy, that only the death of an Athenian king would ensure the safety of Athens, quickly found its way to the ears of Kodros. In devotion to his people, Kodros disguised himself as a peasant and provoked a Dorian soldier into killing him. The Dorians, realising Kodros had been slain, decided to retreat in fear of their prophesied defeat. In the aftermath of these events, it was claimed that no one thought himself worthy to succeed Kodros and so the title of king was abolished, and that of archon substituted for it.
Kodros in "Counting Potsherds"Edit
Kodros was named in Yauna legend as the last king of Athens. Yet Athens continued as a city state for nearly six centuries after his death. Polydoros knew no more than this. Mithredath could not believe that a city state could exist so long without a king.
| Regnal titles|
|King of Athens|
| Succeeded by| Trash in the deep sea: Bringing a hidden problem to light
Using advanced technologies, such as remotely operated vehicles, the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) is helping to uncover the far-reaching presence of man-made debris in deep ocean ecosystems. Over the past 25 years, we have recorded evidence of debris up to 13,000 feet deep and 300 miles offshore from waters off of central and southern California, the Pacific Northwest, Hawaii, and the Gulf of California. We’ve seen trash everywhere we’ve looked.
In the greater Monterey Bay region, the majority of debris items were single-use, recyclable items. Plastic shopping bags and aluminum beverage cans were most common overall. Surprisingly, plastic and metal were found relatively more frequently at deeper depths, suggesting that the extent of marine debris on the seafloor may be far greater than known to date. MBARI researchers hope that this study will increase awareness of the growing problem of man-made debris in all parts of the ocean.
It is far too expensive and impractical to locate and retrieve debris after it reaches the deep seafloor. The best solution is to reduce our reliance upon single-use, throw away items. Recycling, reusing, and properly disposing of trash items will help to keep litter from ever entering the ocean.
Special thanks to:
Additional footage and still images courtesy of Leanne Foster, the Tangaroa Blue Foundation, and the Scripps Environmental Accumulation of Plastic Expedition (SEAPLEX).
Video producer: Linda Kuhnz
Script: Linda Kuhnz and Kyra Schlining
Narration: Kyra Schlining
Music: Whispering Waters, composed by Chuck Jonkey
MBARI press release:
Original journal article:
Schlining, K., von Thun, S., Kuhnz, L., Schlining, B., Lundsten, L., Jacobsen Stout, N., Chaney, L., & Connor, J. Debris in the deep: Using a 22-year video annotation database to survey marine litter in Monterey Canyon, central California, USA. Deep Sea Research Part I. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967063713001039
More information on how you can help: 這裡是郵輪的停靠場所,當初就是選擇在這裡搭郵輪到阿拉斯加去的。這裡也是搭渡輪到北面溫哥華的地方,是一個風景宜人,欣賞海灣的好地方。 建議可以在這裡野餐,散步或騎自行車都很棒喔!
是否擁有或管理此物業？ 免費領取您的清單，即可回應評論、更新個人檔案和更多。 The EU has admitted it has not yet looked into the polices needed to hold global warming to 1.5C, as agreed at the landmark Paris agreement, and will instead ask a UN climate science panel for advice involving “negative emissions” technology.
The bloc’s negotiators had gone to Paris with a mandate for a 2C target but were forced to accommodate more ambitious demands from “the most exposed countries”, the bloc’s climate chief, Miguel Arias Cañete, said.
Several small island states could be swallowed by rising seas if the planet warms by 2C, scientists believe.
“For sure, 1.5C is a trajectory of full decarbonisation and will require accelerated strategies and pathways,” Cañete told a Brussels press conference. “About negative emissions, the IPCC [UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] will say when and how.”
Because the emissions cuts pledged in Paris chart a journey to a world warmed between 2.7-3C, the only way many climate scientists can envisage saving smaller island states is with “negative emissions” technology that sucks carbon out of the air, in the second part of this century.
Negative emissions can refer to geoengineering but usually means the mass deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies which bury CO2 in underground fissures. These would be fixed to power plants powered by “carbon neutral” bioenergy, which removes carbon from the air as it grows. More carbon would be saved than re-released into the atmosphere, the theory goes, so creating net zero emissions.
“In the absence of negative emissions, staying below the 2C commitment demands levels of reductions in emissions far beyond anything discussed during the Paris negotiations,” Anderson said.
Cañete said that Europe would not raise its pledge for a 40% emissions cut by 2030, before a five-yearly review process flagged in the Paris agreement begins. The EU hopes this process will start ratcheting up green commitments in 2023, although the bloc is counting on an IPCC snapshot of warming trends five years before that.
“In 2018, there will be a stock take,” Cañete said. “Then in 2020 we can come along with more ambition. It will be for the next commission to lead this process.”
“We will need additional legislation if we have more commitment, that is for sure,” the Spanish commissioner added. But developing world countries will note his reminder that when the EU set out its climate pledge, “we said that if we go further, we will be using international carbon credits.”
For the moment, Cañete will be focused on new legislation to oversee the bloc’s promises on CO2 reductions and clean energy progress, themselves a touchy subject with EU states such as Poland.
Cañete also fired a warning shot to the International Council on Civil Aviation (Icao) where Europe was “concerned at the slow pace of negotiations” on measures to cut airlines’ emissions.
Without action in 2016, the EU would have to take a decision on reimposing carbon fees on international airlines, Cañete added. These were frozen in 2012 to allow diplomats more time to agree on alternative market-based measures.
The EU’s most senior climate official declared himself more sanguine about the durability of the global climate compact in the US. “Even under a Republican administration, if India, China, Brazil stay on board, the US will not be able to stay outside the Paris agreement,” he said. 1 yumurta,6 kaşık pudra şekeri,5 kaşık hindistan cevizi ,4 kaşık oda ısısında margarin,kabartma tozu,vanilin(o anda yoktu,vanilinsiz yaptım),aldığı kadar un üzeri için de 3 kaşık hindistan cevizi ve yumurta sarısı malzemeler yoğurma kabına konup karıştırılır ve aldığı kadar unla yoğurulup hamur elde edilir,ceviz büyüklüğünde parçalar koparılıp yuvarlanır önce yumurta sarısına sonrada hindistan cevizine bulanır ve fırına sürülür.Ben fırının derecesini düşük bırakmışım neden pişmedi hala diye bakarken farkettim,ısıyı yükseltince 200 dereceye 15-20 dak pişti. JR（生於1983年2月22日），他的身份不明，未經證實。專長於街頭藝術，攝影，塗鴉。2010年獲得 TED Prize。
他形容自己是一個“photograffeur”。在公共場所的街道或建物，他將黑白色的大型攝影圖片貼在牆上，類似塗鴉藝術家處理環境的方式。
他的開始塗鴉是在巴黎的大街小巷。JR的工作往往挑戰廣泛既有的偏見，還原了圖像廣告和媒體傳播的應有功能。
JR的工作結合了藝術和行動，他的興趣在於討論：承諾，自由，身份和限制的議題。
JR希望將藝術融入街道：“我們在大街上，可以遇到從來沒有去博物館或美術館的人們。”
他與藝術家Jose Parla在世界多個貧民區進行“The Wrinkles Of The City” 《城市的皺紋》藝術行動。
JR x Jose Parla – “Wrinkles of the City” (Cuba)
JR x Jose Parla – “Wrinkles of the City” (Cuba)
JR, "The Wrinkles of the City", Los Angeles - Brewery Downtown - USA'
JR, "The Wrinkles of the City", Los Angeles, Lovers on the roof, USA
JR, "Unframed", Man Ray revu par JR, Femme aux cheveux longs
JR, "Unframed", John Phillips revisited by JR, Atelier à Corpus Christi, 1940, Vevey, Switzerland
JR自稱“城市artivist”。他創造了無處不在的藝術，例如：在巴黎地區的建築物，中東的牆壁上，非洲或巴西貧民區的斷橋。
社區居民參與了藝術創作過程，例如，在巴西，孩童参與他的計劃，成為一個星期的藝術家。
JR說明：“我想將藝術放在不可能的地方，與社區共同創造��
|
33 | -1 | 1 |
علوم با شیوع بیماری کووید-19 می توانست تسلیم برخی اظهارنظرها مبنی بر حذف کلی نیمسال تحصیلی شود و برخوردی منفعل و بی دردسر را بپذیرد، اما برخوردی فعال و سخت انتخاب شد که از این پس شاهد ثمرات آن خواهیم بود.
معاون آموزشی وزیر علوم با اشاره به انعطاف ایجاد شده در مقررات و قوانین آموزشی و صدور بخشنامه های تسهیل گر از سوی معاونت آموزشی وزارت علوم، از ضرورت تجمیع و مستندسازی این فعالیت ها سخن گفت که به راه اندازی پایگاه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی منجر شده است.
خاکی صدیق اضافه کرد: در این مدت افزون بر صدور بخشنامه های متعدد آموزشی، فعالیت های متعددی از سوی کارگروه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی و نیز دانشگاه ها و موسسات آموزش عالی در سطح کشور به انجام رسید که لازم بود همه این تجارب در پایگاهی متمرکز در اختیار علاقه مندان و مخاطبان قرار گیرد و دیگر مراکز آموزشی نیز بتوانند از آنها بهره گیرند.
وی ادامه داد: بی تردید شرایط آموزش عالی نه تنها در ایران که در همه دنیا پس از کرونا با گذشته متفاوت خواهد بود و یکی از تحولات کلیدی موضوع آموزش های الکترونیکی است.
خاکی صدیق از همه دانشگاه ها و موسسات آموزش عالی کشور دعوت کرد با در اختیار گذاردن تجربه ها و توانمندی های خود در حوزه آموزش الکترونیکی به غنی تر شدن این پایگاه اطلاعاتی کمک کنند.
در ادامه این نشست مجازی، علی اکبر صفوی، مسوول کارگروه آموزش های الکترونیک با ارائه گزارشی از اقدامات انجام شده به معرفی بخش های مختلف وبگاه پرداخت.
به گفته او، این وبگاه که با هدایت معاونت آموزشی وزارت علوم و با همت کارگروه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی ایجاد شده است، می تواند به عنوان راهنمای عمل همه فعالان دانشگاهی از جمله معاونان و مدیران آموزشی، استادان و دانشجویان قرار گیرد و به عنوان بانک جامع دستورالعمل ها، مقررات، توصیه ها و آموزش های مرتبط، محل رجوع مخاطبان باشد.
بانک های اطلاعاتی متعددی از جمله معرفی کارگروه تخصصی آموزش های الکترونیکی، توصیه های مهم در حوزه آموزش های الکترونیکی، قوانین و مقررات در آموزش های الکترونیکی، اخبار و رویدادها، کارگاه های آموزشی، دستورالعمل های ابلاغی پرسش و پاسخ های متداول در این وبگاه در دسترس مخاطبان واقع شده است.
این وبگاه در حالتی تعاملی بتواند جوابگوی نیازهای کاربران دانشگاهی در حوزه تسهیل، تسریع و فراگیری آموزش های الکترونیکی در آموزش عالی باشد.منبع: ایرنا 尽管存在许多分歧，受精神疾病困扰的创作歌手卡西和陷入困境的海军陆战队员卢克同意仅出于利益而结婚。
但是当悲剧发生时，真实和虚假之间的界限开始变得模糊......
友情提示：请勿长时间观看影视，注意保护视力并预防近视，合理安排时间，享受健康生活。
免责声明：lol电影天堂所收集的下载地址、观看地址来自于互联网，本站只提供web页面服务，并不提供影片资源存储录制、上传、播放等功能。
lol电影天堂 Belçika'daki NATO karargahında yapılan son toplantılardan da sonuç çıkmadı.
ABD, NATO'daki uzlaşmazlığın, terörle savaşına darbe indirmesinden endişe ediyor. Afganistan'ın güneyinde Taliban ile savaşan ABD, İngiltere, Kanada ve Hollanda NATO'ya üye diğer ülkelerden asker desteği istiyor. Ancak çağrıya olumlu yanıt gelmiyor. Belçika'nın Mons kentindeki NATO karargahında biraraya gelen müttefikler, gergin bir toplantının ardından yine uzlaşamadı.
Türk askerine bel bağlamıştı
Taliban ile savaşan birliklerin komutanlarının 'bize savaşacak 2 bin 500 asker daha gönderin' talebi reddedildi. En fazla katkı yapması istenen ülke olan Almanya 'hayır' diyor. NATO'ya vurulan en büyük darbe de Türkiye'den çıkan "hayır" yanıtı oldu. Çünkü Taliban ile yapılan mücadelede özellikle Türk askerine bel bağlanmıştı.
Büyükanıt engeline takıldılar
Kulislerde konuşulan bir diğer ülke de Türkiye. Ama Türkiye, bizzat Genelkurmay Başkanı Yaşar Büyükanıt'ın ağzından, savaşmak için asker gönderilmeyeceğini açıkladı. Polonya ise 2007'den itibaren başkent Kabil çevresi ve ülkenin doğusunda konuşlanacak 900 asker gönderebileceğini duyurdu. Yani onlar da Taliban'dan mümkün olduğunca uzak durmaya çalışıyor.
Toplantılar devam edecek
Ama başta NATO Genel Sekreteri olmak üzere tüm yetkililer umutsuz konuşuyor. Ekime kadar takviyeler gelmezse, Taliban ile savaşın şartları daha da zorlaşacak çünkü sert Afganistan kışı etkisini göstermeye başlayacak.
ABD, 11 eylül saldırıları üzerine başlattığı terörle savaşının ilk cephesi olan Afganistan'ın 'elden gitmesinden' korkuyor.
ABD Dışişleri BAkanı Condoleezza Rice, "harekete geçmezsek, bedelini öderiz" dedi. 2 eylülden bu yana Medusa isimli operasyonu yürüten NATO güçleri 500'den fazla militanın öldürüldüğünü öne sürüyor.
Afganistan'da NATO'ya bağlı 9 bin asker var. Almanya 3 bin, Kanada 2 bin 300, Hollanda bin 3, Türkiye 825 ve Fransa 742 askerle barış gücüne en çok asker veren ülkeler.
Taliban direnişi kendini hissettiriyor
Afganistan'daki Taliban direnişi ise giderek kendini hissettiriyor. Taliban, son haftalarda tırmanışa geçen direnişine destek için propagandaya başladı.
Örgütün 16 kişinin öldüğü son intihar saldırısından sonra, militanların girdiği çatışmalara dair görüntüler yayınlandı.
Bu filmi de Taliban'ın Kandahar'ın güneyinde ilan ettiği 'Afgan İslam Emirliği'ne bağlı Kültür Komisyonu hazırladı. 41 dakikalık film, 'Cihada Çağrı' adını taşıyor.
Filmde bir intihar komandosunun operasyonu başından sonuna anlatılıyor. Bomba yüklü araca binen kameralı Taliban, kendini patlatmaya giden Ebu Muhammed ile konuşuyor. İntihar komandosu, saldırı öncesi çok rahat olduğunu söylüyor ve soğukkanlılıkla ABD askerlerine saldırıyor. Patlamadan bir süre önce araçtan inen ve saldırganla telsizle konuşmayı sürdüren Taliban, saldırgana elini çabuk tutmasını söylüyor.
'Cihada Çağrı' filminde ABD Apaçi helikopterlerinin Taliban mevzilerine saldırısı da görülüyor. Görüntülerin fonunda kahramanlık şarkıları ve ilahiler yer alıyor.
31 temmuzda NATO Kandahar'ın güneyini de denetimi altına aldıktan sonra Taliban güçleri varlığını iyice hissettirmeye, NATO birliklerine kayıplar verdirmeye başladı.
Bu yıl içinde 20'den fazla NATO askeri çatışmalarda öldü. İntihar saldırılarında ise 173 kişi yaşamını yitirdi. İran Hac ve Ziyaret Kurumu Başkanı Said Evhedi, Hac ibadeti esnasında 'şeytan taşlarken' hayatını kaybeden hacı sayısının en az 4 bin 700 olduğunu belirtti. Said Evhedi, Mina'daki izdihamda ölen hacı sayısının açıklanandan fazla olduğunu belirterek, "Halen 21 TIR'da 3 bin hacı cesedi tahliye ve teşhis için bekliyor" diye konuştu.
İran televizyonu IRINN'e konuşan İran Hac ve Ziyaret Kurumu
|
33 | -1 | 2 |
against the appropriateness of the term Oriental in some contexts, many Americans feel that banning words and images has gone too far. Judge Robert Bork in Slouching Towards Gomorrah writes, "Now, however, the educational system has become the weapon of choice for modern liberals in their project of dismantling American culture."
Scholarly works such as "The Language Police", "The Battle of the Books" and "Challenging the Myths about Multicultural Education" have argued for the continued usage of politically incorrect terms including Oriental. Diane Ravitch has documented the existence of an elaborate and well-established protocol of beneficent censorship, quietly endorsed and implemented by textbook publishers, states, and the federal government. "Publishers practice self-censorship to sell books in big states." Ravitch has documented "the 'bias guidelines'" for major publishers of texts and tests. "The "bias guidelines" consist of advice to writers and editors about words and topics that must be avoided."
Laurie Morrow, a former Salvatori Fellow of the Heritage Foundation and professor of English mocked proponents of political correctness and attempt to imply extreme sarcasm when she wrote the following in support of traditional usage of the term oriental:
- Although the Japanese proudly consider themselves eastern--from the Land of the Rising Sun (remember that World War II flag?)--don't call them "Oriental," for this is Eurocentric, and one should have no center in the happy world of cultural equivalence. (One wonders whether the language police would object to a Tokyo resident's using the term Occidental?)
Professor Morrow also writes:
- The language police seek to eliminate anything that might cause students discomfort or distress. The world is, however, a difficult and trying place, full of ideas that must be resisted and fought. What students need to learn are courage and perseverance in the face of difficulty, so that they can confront what should be resisted--including censorship by the language police.
However, even those who support traditional usage of words and terms do not support an end to all sensitivity. Sybil Maimin writes:
- Ravitch does not call for elimination of bias and sensitivity panels but rather for their work, now behind closed doors, to be open to public view. She believes that teachers or school districts rather than state officials should choose books for the classroom, which would decrease the power of pressure groups and lessen uniformity. She has confidence that “language evolves in response to social change. Lots of words disappear naturally,”
Allegedly Banned Words and Thoughts
Author and historian Diane Ravitch has documented how far political correctness has intruded into the American educational system by documenting banned words, images and thoughts. In addition to banning the word, the following words are considered inappropriate and therefore banned from usage in modern textbooks when referring to Orientals or the Orient:
- Orient, Oriental: banned as offensive
The reader may be surprised to learn that the following depictions are banned from US references and textbooks:
- Asians as very intelligent, excellent scholars
- Asian Americans with look-alike features for all ages: short, skinny, slanted eyes, wear glasses
- Asian Americans as a "model minority", repressed, studious, goody-goody
- Asian Americans as ambitious, hard-working, and competitive
- Asian Americans as having strong family ties
- Asian Americans as quiet, polite, concerned with proper form
- Asian Americans as inscrutable, mysterious, concerned with saving face
- Asian Americans as frugal, passive, rigid, submissive, unathletic
- Asian Americans as musical prodigies or class valedictorian
- Asian Americans unable to speak English or uninvolved in mainstream America
- Asian Americans working as laundry workers, engineers, waiters, gardeners, health workers
- Asian Americans living in ethnic neighborhoods
- Asian Americans as predominantly refugees
- Asian Americans working in a laundry
- Asian American males as peasants, coolies, waiters, laundry owners, math students
- Asian Americans working at vegetable stands
- Asian American females as doll-like, geisha-girl image, ingratiating to males
- Asian Americans playing only with toys from the mainstream culture or only with toys from their own culture
- Chinese people living and working only in Chinatown or in China working in rice fields
- Asian Americans shown with eyes as single, slanted lines; look-alikes; straight black hair with bangs; buck teeth
- Modern Chinese males wearing pigtails and classes
- Modern Chinese women wearing high-collared cheong dresses
- Modern Chinese males with inscrutable grins, with folded or clasped hands or always wearing glasses and looking serious and polite
- Chinese people who have great food
- Chinese people who own or run laundries and restaurants
- Chinese people who love to gamble
- Chinese people who are cruel
- Modern Asian Americans wearing dark business suits and glasses
- Hordes of Japanese with suits and cameras
- Modern Japanese women wearing kimonos or carrying babies on their backs
- Japanese people who are law-abiding
- Japanese people who are great imitators
- Japanese people who are sneaky
- Japanese women who are servile and obedient
- Korean Americans owning or working in fruit markets
Those who believe the term is derogatory or archaic prefer to employ geographical terms for people and places typically described by oriental, e.g., South Asia, East Asia, and South-East Asia. Although the Far Eastern is considered more politically correct than Oriental, East Asian is preferred because this verbiage is significantly less Eurocentric. Other politically correct alternative terms include Asia and the Pacific or the Pacific Rim or the Pacific Basin.
Current Usage of Oriental and Related Depictions
The term is used widely across a broad spectrum of North America.
Although the term Oriental is "sometimes offensive", the term remains inoffensive sometimes and wide use in across the United States. This usage is evidenced by many sources. The term is used on a great number of governmental document and websites across in the USA describing place names , medicine, wildlife plants, food and people or communities. The term is even found on Equal Opportunity Employment and Fair Housing documents.
Conversely, at least two state legislatures have passed or proposed legislation declaring a preference for terms other than Oriental in official documents. A finding by the Washington State legislature held that
- the use of the term "Oriental" when used to refer to persons of Asian descent is outdated and pejorative. There is a need to make clear that the term "Asian" is preferred terminology, and that this more modern and nonpejorative term must be used to replace outdated terminology.
In 2005, the California senate mandated that the terms "oriental massage" and "oriental medicine" in existing statutes be changed to "Asian medicine" and "Asian massage." Despite this "mandate" businesses and schools across California and the country continue to employ the term. California has not purged the term from current documents or websites and the term remains on many pages which display "© 2007 State of California".
Businesses such as Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, Mandarin Oriental, Oriental Financial Group, Inc.,Orient Thai Airlines, Orient Steam Navigation Company, Orient Watch Co., Neptune Orient Lines are just a few of many successful enterprises to share this term as a part of their name.
Many universities no longer accept the usage of the term Oriental when describing people. However, the highly-regarded American Oriental Society and many others continue to use the term in its publishings.
The Oriental Food Association , Oriental Bellydancer Association , The Association of Oriental Arts , the Shriners and other social groups continue to use the term. The American Association of Oriental Medicine and many other state-specific associations of oriental medicine still use the term. The World Wide Web has a profusion of "oriental" pornography and so-called mail order bride sites that exploit stereotypes as well desperate individuals on both sides of the transaction. The Oriental Martial Arts College and other martial arts organizations employ the term regularly.
Major objections to the use of the word "Oriental" are chiefly limited to certain elements in North America. Its usage is not controversial in Europe, where the word is considered neutral and in widespread usage as evidenced by its usage on the online British Monarchy Media Centre. In France the terms "l'Occident" and "l'Orient" are used without any negative associations in academic contexts. In Europe the term is often used to describe such things as the East's cuisine and goods, ancient culture, and religions, at times to denote an exotic quality with upmarket or mildly positive connotations. In the UK the term "Asian" has become almost exclusively tied to the Indian subcontinent, as evidenced through BBC Asian Network, a radio station of the BBC devoted to the British Asian community.
- ↑ Walter Burkert, The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age (Harvard University Press) 1992 p. 1 and note.
- ↑ http://www.muslim-answers.org/orientalism.htm
- ↑ Beard, Henry and Cerf, Christopher. The Official Politically Correct Dictionary and Handbook. New York: Villard Books, 1993.
- ↑ "Asian." The American Heritage Book of English Usage
- ↑ "Race, Ethnicity, and National Origin." Sensitive Language. Random House
- ↑ "Oriental." Merriam-Webster
- ↑ "Oriental."
- ↑ http://www.sacbee.com/content/opinion/story/6184665p-7139626c.html%20| Sacramento Bee, February 27, 2003 "Editorial: Policing the vocabulary Textbook sensitivity goes fanatic"
- ↑ http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9108541/philosophical-anthropology
- ↑ http://www-personal.umich.edu/~jonmorro/race.html
- ↑ "A History of Race/ism", Prepared by Tim McCaskell, a representative of the Toronto Board of Education
- ↑ http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/victorian/history/empire/Empire.html
- ↑ http://www.mediamonitors.net/harunyahya37.html
- ↑ http://www.yalereviewofbooks.com/archive/summer03/review12.shtml.htm Yale Book Review
- ↑ http://mtprof.msun.edu/Win1994/PTrev.html
- ↑ Battle of the Books: The Curriculum Debate in America 1993 James Atlas published by W W Norton & Co Inc
- ↑ The Language Police: How Pressure Groups Restrict What Children Learn by Diane Ravitch (c) 2003 published by Knopf
- ↑ http://eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/Home.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=RecordDetails&ERICExtSearch_SearchValue_0=EJ497173&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=eric_accno&objectId=0900000b8003e14e Challenging the Myths about Multicultural Education by Carl A Grant
- ↑ "Multicultural Education Through the Lens of the Multicultural Education Research Literature." by J.A. Banks and C.A. McGee Banks (eds.). Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education NY: Simon. and Schuster Macmillan
- ↑ http://www.randomhouse.com/knopf/catalog/display.pperl?isbn=9780375414824
- ↑ http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110003695
- ↑ http://www.worldandi.com/newhome/public/2003/September/bk2pub.asp
- ↑ http://www.worldandi.com/newhome/public/2003/September/bk2pub.asp
- ↑ http://www.educationupdate.com/archives/2003/june03/issue/spot_ravitch.html Education Update
- ↑ http://www.freewebs.com/bannedwords/
- ↑ http://www.freewebs.com/bannedwords/#IMAGEASIAN
- ↑ http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/about/pr2004/pr04_61.html
- ↑ http://www.acupuncture.ca.gov/pubs_forms/cons_guide_2002.pdf
- ↑ http://www.health.gov/nhic/NHICScripts/Entry.cfm?HRCode=HR2824
- ↑ http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/January/Day-10/i491.htm
- ↑ http://ecos.fws.gov/species_profile/servlet/gov.doi.species_profile.servlets.SpeciesProfile?spcode=B03C
- ↑ http://www.in.gov/dnr/invasivespecies/oriental_bittersweet_1.pdf
- ↑ http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/other/syah/orierice.htm
- ↑ http://hawaii.gov/health/about/rules/11-29.pdf
- ↑ http://bioethics.gov/transcripts/jun03/session2.html
- ↑ http://www.michigan.gov/documents/cis_ofis_fis_1043_24817_7.pdf
- ↑ http://www.fws.gov/midwest/horicon/nativeamericans.html
- ↑ http://www.loc.gov/acq/devpol/sociology.html
- ↑ http://vitalrecords.alaska.gov/dph/bvs/PDFs/1999/annual_report/Introduction.pdf
- ↑ http://www.hawaii.gov/dbedt/info/census/Folder.2005-11-23.1639/ec02-reference/small_diner_condensed_final.pdf
- ↑ http://www.nps.gov/archive/manz/hrs/hrs10i.htm
- ↑ http://www.va.gov/vetapp/files1/9401243.txt
- ↑ http://www.michigan.gov/documents/GBFT0203_61996_7.pdf
- ↑ http://www.nifl.gov/nifl-health/1998/0198.html
- ↑ http://ocp.dc.gov/ocp/frames.asp?doc=/ocp/lib/ocp/information/solatt/attachment_j.04_eeo_compliance_documents.doc&open=|34644|
- ↑ http://www.hud.gov/offices/fheo/library/part109.pdf
- ↑ RCW 1.20.130: "Preferred terminology in government documents." Revised Code of Washington
- ↑ California State Senate
- ↑ http://www.acupuncture.ca.gov/education/schools.htm
- ↑ http://yp.yahoo.com/py/ypMap.py?Pyt=Typ&tuid=12363968&ck=2317990383&tab=B2C&tcat=8106973&city=Monterey&state=CA&uzip=93940&country=us&msa=7120&cs=4&ed=3Cjhzq1o2TwW0JlAiouvxdEhci7IWZ92n2SEvi.yLw_KCQ--&stat=:pos:0:regular:regT:2:fbT:0
- ↑ http://www.csomaonline.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3289
- ↑ http://yp.yahoo.com/py/ypResults.py?stx=oriental+medicine&stp=a&tab=B2C&city=Los+Angeles&state=CA&uzip=90012&country=us&msa=4480&slt=34.052170&sln=-118.243469&cs=4&Submit=Search
- ↑ http://www.acupuncture.ca.gov/law_
|
33 | -1 | 3 |
可分为压水堆和沸水堆两种
D 轻水反应堆的建设研究威胁人类生存安全
55.（ ）大型强子对撞机(LHC)2010年3月30日实施总能量达7万亿电子伏特的质子束流对撞成功，这是迄今为止实施的最高能级的质子流对撞试验。
A 欧洲
B 北美洲
C 亚洲
D 非洲
56.法律终止生效是法律时间效力的一个重要问题。在以默示废止方式终止法律生效时，一般应当选择下列哪一原则？（ ）
A 特别法优于一般法
B 国际法优于国内法
C 后法优于前法
D 法律优于行政法规
57.行政程序法与行政实体法的关系是（ ）。
A 界限分明，互不相属
B 行政程序法是行政实体法的“附属品”
C 违反行政程序法与行政实体法的后果相同
D 二者具有同等重要的法律效力和地位
58.为了维护正常的领导关系，具有隶属关系或业务指导关系的机关之间应基本采取（ ）。
A 逐级行文
B 多级行文
C 越级行文
D 直接行文
59.“春愁难遣强看山，片事惊心泪欲潸。四百万人同一哭，去年今日割台湾。”与该诗有关 的历史事件是（ ）。
A 中法战争
B 甲午中日战争
C 日俄战争
D 抗日战争
60.近年来被舆论批判众多的“红头文件”并非法律用语，是老百姓对“各级政府机关下发的带有大红字标题和红色印章的文件”的俗称。“红头文件”始源于哪个朝代？（ ）
A 秦朝
B 宋朝
C 南北朝
D 汉朝
61.固定资本是指以厂房建筑、机器设备等劳动资料形式存在的生产资本。这一部分资本一经投入生产过程便以实物形式全部发挥作用，供多次生产过程使用，并始终保持其实物形式不变。 根据以上定义，下列哪些属于固定资本？（ ）
A 杨再生生在封建社会，除了劳动力以外一无所有，他只能依靠出卖劳动力维持生计
B 小虎是某纺织厂的采购员，为了保证纺织厂正常运转，不得不向棉农不定时购买大量优质的棉花
C 某公司的总经理为提高本公司的劳动生产率不惜巨额投资，从日本引进了一套世界上最先进的设备
D 汤虎为了个人的生活享受，不顾别墅的昂贵代价，竟然在某一风景旅游胜地买了一栋别墅
62.模仿指在没有外界控制的条件下，个体受到他人行为的刺激，自觉或不自觉地使自己的行为与他人相仿。下列哪一行为不属于模仿？（ ）
A 她觉得别人穿这种衣服很漂亮，于是自己也去买了一件穿
B 小孩看到行人将地上的易拉罐一脚踢飞，于是把自己手中的塑料瓶也扔在地上踢开
C 很多专家不约而同地预测到同一个彩票号码，于是小刘立刻去买了五十注该号码
D 他本想插队，但看见别人都在按秩序排队购票，就自觉地走到队伍的最后
63.霸权主义是指大国不尊重弱小国家的领土主权和民族独立，蛮横地对别国进行干涉、控制和统治，推行侵略扩张政策，垄断国际事务，称霸世界，谋求一个地区或世界的霸主地位。 根据上述定义，下面哪种行为属于霸权主义？（ ）
A 俄罗斯是正在崛起的大国，它为了维护国家利益，对内进行改革，对外改变其外交策略
B 美国是当今世界唯一超级大国，在政治、经济、军事等各个方面都占有绝对优势，它正凭借这些实力在世界上为所欲为，有时侵犯别国主权，有时干涉别国内政
C 中国自从改革开放以来，综合国力日益增强，彻底要求改变国际上不平等的国际旧秩序
D 阿富汗为了维护国家主权和领土完整，与帝国主义者进行了殊死搏斗
64.不公平竞争是一个企业采用不正当或者不公平的手段，提高其产品的市场份额，给生产同类产品的竞争对手造成不公平的市场环境，严重损害其竞争对手的利益。 根据定义，下列行为不是不公平竞争的是（ ）。
A 微软在其操作系统中捆绑IE浏览器，用户购买操作系统的同时也购买了IE浏览器，导致大量用户不再另外购买其竞争对手Netscape的浏览器
B 20世纪80年代，IBM公司投入大量资金研制超大型计算机的关键技术，成功之后申请专利，造成20世纪90年代在超大型计算机领域IBM一手遮天的局面
C A公司和B公司都生产减肥药品，为了扩大其市场占有份额，提高销售利润，A公司在电视台和一些报纸上大做宣传，指出B公司药品的种种缺点和副作用，导致消费者拒买B公司的产品
D A公司为了和B公司争夺市场份额，制作电影广告，显示一架机徽为A的战机向即将倾覆的(标志为B)军舰投下重磅炸弹
65.物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴，这种客观实在是人通过感觉感知的，它不依赖于我们的感觉而存在，为我们的感觉所复写、摄影、反映，简而言之，物质就是对一切可感知的事物的共同本质的抽象，它的唯一特性是客观实在性。 根据以上定义，下列属于物质范畴的是（ ）。
A 贯穿整个阶级社会历史的阶级斗争
B 小明梦想长大后成为一位为祖国的繁荣富强作出自己贡献的工程师的想法
C 马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想以及邓小平建设有中国特色的社会主义理论
D 在一些鬼片中我们所看到的妖魔鬼怪，其实都是我们人类根据某些特定的事物想象出来的
66.今年M市开展了一次前所未有的化妆品广告大战。但是调查表明，只有25％的M市居民实际使用化妆品。这说明化妆品公司的广告投入有很大的盲目性。以下哪项陈述最有力地加强了上述结论？（ ）
A 化妆品公司做广告是因为产品供过于求
B 去年实际使用化妆品的M市居民有30％
C 大多数不使用化妆品的居民不关心其广告宣传
D 正是因为有25％的居民使用化妆品，才要针对他们做广告
67.某仓库失窃，四个保管员因涉嫌而被传讯。四人的供述如下： 甲：我们四人都没作案。 乙：我们中有人作案。 丙：乙和丁至少有一人没作案。 丁：我没作案。 如果四人中有两人说的是真话，有两人说的是假话，则以下哪项断定成立？（ ）
A 说真话的是甲和丁
B 说真话的是乙和丙
C 说真话的是甲和丙
D 说真话的是乙和丁
68.一份关于酸雨的报告总结说，“大多数森林没有被酸雨损害”。而反对者坚持应总结为，“大多数森林没有显示出明显的被酸雨损害的症状，如不正常的落叶、生长速度的减慢或者更高的死亡率”。下面哪项如果正确，最能支持反对者的观点？（ ）
A 目前该地区的一些森林正在被酸雨损害
B 酸雨造成的损害程度在不同森林之问具有差异
C 酸雨可能正在造成症状尚未明显的损害
D 报告没有把酸雨对此地区森林的损害与其他地区相比较
69.所有切实关心教师福利的校长，都被证明是管理得法的校长；而切实关心教师福利的校长，都首先把注意力放在解决中青年教师住房问题上。因此，那些没有首先把注意力放在解决中青年教师住房问题上的校长，都不是管理得法的校长。为使上述论证成立，以下哪项必须为真？（ ）
A 中青年教师的住房问题，是教师的福利中最为突出的问题
B 所有管理得法的校长，都是关心教师福利的校长
C 中青年教师的比例近年来普遍有了大的增长
D 所有首先把注意力放在解决中青年教师住房问题上的校长，都是管理得法的校长
70.有时为了医治一些危重病人，医院允许使用海洛因作为止痛药。其实，这样做是应当禁止的。因为，毒贩会通过这种渠道获取海洛因，对社会造成严重危害。以下哪个如果为真，最能削弱以上的论证？（ ）
A 有些止痛药可以起到和海洛因一样的止痛效果
|
34 | 0 | 0 |
ش در امور خیالی و احساسی یک سویه عمل می کند به کمک آن از نو موازنه برقرار می شود.
(همان، ص 227)
شلگل آن را هم درنمایشنامه های جن و پری گوتسی می یابد که پر از صحنه های متضاد تغییر قیافه است و هم در شکسپیر که گاهی پیرنگ های فرعی خنده آورش پیرنگ اصلی را « نقد» می کنند یا به ریشخند می گیرند. این نوع آیرونی را یک بار دیگر آیوُر ریچاردز کشف کرد و این گونه تعریف کرد: « وارد کردن عوامل مکمل از جهت مخالف برای رسیدن به حالت تعادل» . (2) اصحاب « نقد نو» این تعریف را اساس مفهوم آیرونی گرفتند.
با این حال آگوست ویلهلم شلگل نتوانست آیرونیک را با تراژیک پیوند دهد: « بی گمان هرگاه که تراژدی به معنی اخص کلمه وارد شود، هر چیزی از جنس آیرونی بی درنگ متوقف خواهد شد...زیرا هنگامی که تقدیر محتوم دامن گیر موجود فانی می شود، بیشترین میزان جدیت لازم است. » (3) از سوی دیگر کازل زولگر ادعا می کند که آیرونی واقعی « با تأمل در سرنوشت جهان به طور کلی آغاز می شود. » (4) اما پیش از او فریدریش شلگل معتقد بود آیرونی عبارت است از « شناسایی این حقیقت که جهان ذاتاً متناقض نماست و فقط رویکردی دوگانه می تواند تمامیت متناقض آن را نشان بدهد. » (5) فکر وجود آیرونی درتناقضات ذاتی انسان و جهان، زندگی و مرگ، و معنا و ماده، تحت عنوان آیرونی جهان، آیرونی هستی، یا آیرونی فلسفی، سهم فزاینده ای در سرگذشت مفهوم آیرونی پیدا کرد ( بنگرید به فصل 4) . در سطحی پایین تر، گئورگ شوبرت در 1821 هر بی تناسبی طبیعی را آیرونی می بیند، مثل حالتی که انسان درکنار میمون یا اسب در کنار الاغ قرار بگیرد.
هر دو شلگل و به دنبال آنها کارل زولگر و دیگران اصطلاح آیرونی را در جایی به کار می بردند که عینیت و « بی غرضی » وجود داشت و هنرمند درکارش آزاد بود. آگوست ویلهلهم شلگل اعتقاد داشت که بیشتر داستان سرایان و نمایشنامه نویسان ذهنیت خود را در قالب یک شخصیت یا دیگاه می ریزند و ازخواننده انتظار دارند که با او یا آن همراهی کند؛ اما شکسپیر، اگر چه شخصیت هایش را چنان جان دار می نمایاند که ما نمی توانیم در احساس همدردی او با آنها تردید روا داریم، حساب آنها را کاملاً جدا می کند و بدین ترتیب نمایشنامه هایش نه ذهنیت شخص او بلکه « کلیت دنیا» را بیان می کنند- چیزی که گوته می گوید نشانه ی هنرمندان واقعی است. این آیرونی نویسنده ی تنهای خدا گونه ای که برادران شلگل در آریستوفان، پترارک، سروانتس، شکسپیر، گوته، و دیگران یافتند، از هر دو جنبه ی نظری و عملی، آیرونی فلوبر و جویس و توماس مان نیز بود.
حال اگر بخواهیم مثل فریدریش شلگل قضیه را پیچیده تر کنیم یاد آور می شویم که آیرونی دیگری هم در ذات هنرمند وجود دارد: آیرونی رمانتیک، آیرونی هنرمند خود آگاهی که هنرش بیان آیرونیک موقعیت آیرونیک هنرمند خود آگاه است. نویسنده ی هنرمند از چند جهت در موقعیت آیرونیکی قرار می گیرد: برای این که خوب بنویسد باید هم خلاق باشد هم نقاد، هم ذهنی هم عینی، هم متعصب هم واقع بین، هم عاطفی هم معقول، و هم ناخود آگاهانه الهام بگیرد و هم خود آگاهانه کار کند. اثر او ادعا دارد که درباره ی دنیای واقعی است و با این حال قصه است. او احساس می کند که تعهد دارد گزارش درست یا کاملی از واقعیت بدهد، ولی می داند که این شدنی نیست زیرا واقعیت به حد غیر قابل درکی وسیع و تناقض آلود است و یک سره درحال دگرگونی، از این روحتی گزارش درست هم، هنوز به پایان نرسیده، نادرست می شود. پس یگانه راه عملی برای هنرمند واقعی این است که خودش را از کارش جدا کند اما این آگاهی از موقعیت آیرونیک خویش را درکارش بگنجاند و بدین ترتیب چیزی بیافریند که، اگر رمان است، فقط داستان ساده ای نباشد بلکه نقل داستانی باشد کامل با نویسنده و روایت، خواننده و خواندن، سبک و انتخاب سبک، و قصه و فاصله اش با حقیقت، تا بتوانیم آن را دو گانه، هم هنر و هم زندگی، ببینیم. آیرونی رمانتیک مفهوم دشواری است و بسیاری، خصوصاً منتقدان ادبی آمریکایی، آن را بد فهمیده و فهمانده اند. بهترین راه فهم آن و درک اهمیت اش در ادبیات خود آگاه معاصر خواندن رمان های توماس مان به ویژه یوسف و برادران و دکتر فاستوس است.
نام بعدی در سرگذشت مفهوم آیرونی کانوپ تِرل وال است که در 1833 مقاله ی بعدی زیر عنوان « آیرونی سوفوکل» منتشر کرد. ترل وال فلسفه و ادبیات آلمانی خوانده بود و مقاله ای او متأثر از تعابیر آلمان ها از آیرونی است؛ اما نظراتی هم از خودش داشت. او علاوه بر آیرونی کلامی یا بلاغی به یک « آیرونی جدلی» هم اشاره می کند و آن را به سقراط نسبت می دهد، حال آن که چیزی جز همان آیرونی که سیسرون شناخته بود نیست. از « آیرونی عملی» هم نام می برد و می نویسد که « سوای همه ی قالب های کلامی است» و هم در زندگی پیدا می شود و هم در ادبیات. چند مثال هم از آیرونی عملی می آورد که برخی از آن ها اکنون نام های مشخص تری پیدا کرده اند. ( این مقاله را درموزه ی فیلولوژی ، ج 2، می توان یافت. )
طلا داد
|
34 | 0 | 1 |
他们罢工了，然后消失了。
首先他没有试图哄骗的话从她的。第十章殉教者女性生殖器的会议没有抗议,尽管它很可能使他一天在他的旅程。很久以前他学会了耐心。无论多么紧急的他感到他的使命的异教徒,他可以完成,从长远来看,如果他没有人类殖民地身后的支持。如果主教佩雷格里诺问他参加会见KovanoZeljezo,卢西塔尼亚号的Milagre市长和州长,女性生殖器。如果她害怕他们会被夺走，她退出了他们；她停止了允许自己需要它们。不“他们。”他。
Quara的眼睛变宽,她更严格地坐在椅子上。”的另一半,我们的问题是一个年轻的物理学家不幸的是,保持平易近人。”KovanoGrego提出一条眉毛。”如果你已经成为一个冷漠的知识。相反,你似乎已经种植最愚蠢的友谊,最暴力的卢西塔尼亚人。”他与他,小电台但那是不好,要么。它有一个特定的范围,他担心如果他现在用它,那么它很可能会被用作一个点定位。如果一个武装组织的化合物,有可能超过另一个领导。这将是一个简单的问题来满足他的位置如果他们锁定了他的信号,即使是一分钟左右。他盯着他的包,小电台被藏匿,,摇了摇头。当他听剩下的成员他的船员,他听说他们已经意识到比利起重机是窗外。
””技术问题。”””技术问题,”大幅说濒危语言联盟。”建立一个没有philoticansible链接。”””所以我们得出结论——“””我们得出结论,”母亲说。”我们得出结论,”继续Kovano,”我们的xenobiologists鲜明的分歧是关于驯服descolada病毒本身的可行性。给我们带来了另一种方法——说服pequeninos送他们的殖民地却无人居住的世界,在那里他们可以建立他们自己的特别有毒的生态没有杀死人类。”只要你不要妨碍我们。”这是他的妻子,她监督活动,像往常一样。玛姬对他是依然美丽。像卡扎菲,她是精益和勃起,只有她眼角的鱼尾纹,她的头发的白度证明她比图表示。她仍然可以融入她的婚纱。
艾伦坐下。保佑他的老灰色头发!“汤姆·刘易斯低声说道。“你明白了吗?”阿兰问。“我不,“汤姆低声说,“我现在所做的。对你有好处!”艾伦点了点头。内心喜气洋洋的,他谨慎地没有表现出来。艾伦笑了。“非常友好,我想。张力和日益紧张的对他。的优点之一我们的职业,“汤姆低声说,每个人都微笑之前他们的刀。”第二次阅读开始了。
因为我们年轻的鹦鹉的贡献,在这里,许多其他的森林给留意这个想法。”””如果你希望我道歉,”Quara开始了。”我希望你能闭上你的嘴,或者是不可能的,甚至十分钟?”Kovano的声音了真正的愤怒。Quara的眼睛变宽,她更严格地坐在椅子上。”的另一半,我们的问题是一个年轻的物理学家不幸的是,保持平易近人。”她穿着黑色礼服和离开她的金色长发发现所有人都能看到。在大多数情况下,她希望照。她不在乎Jagang对她做了什么,他知道这一点。理查德的方式是一个谜,她是一个谜Jagang。
他可以等待。他可能会听。他能听到。然后他会做的事情请神和主教。当然,如果这是不可能的,取悦上帝会做得还不够好。”这震惊和气愤,他不仅会不会这样做,但是,政府——通过其移民官员——把他认为是一个僵化的和任意的立场。第二个原因是,法官威利斯喜欢什么他看到的艾伦·梅特兰。尴尬,偶尔跌倒,重要的不是在至少在法官的思维;一个良好的律师,他清楚地知道,不需要德摩斯梯尼。
他。..他痛骂的墙壁,说你做得太过份了。””Nicci只盯着。妹妹奥布里舔着她的嘴唇。”我们只是认为你应该知道。艾伦的情况下倒闭,没有额外的参数需要帮助拆除它。“好吧,”汤姆小声说。“至少我们尝试过。”艾伦点了点头。他认为他所预期的失败。毕竟,他知道从一开始,他的策略是不超过一个。
他肯定不能再忍受多久了？他走到另一个角落，听到身后的声音越来越大。他们找到了那匹马。公爵在Riazan看到了烧死的尸体。他登上法官的讲台，正式向律师鞠躬——大约二十个人，他将在接下来的半小时内短暂地出现在他面前——并且，不转，他敏捷地掉进了店员放在他身后的座位上。倚靠在他身旁的艾伦，TomLewis低声说，“那家伙坐椅子太晚了，全是HumptyDumpty。”法官立刻朝他们的方向瞥了一眼，两天前，艾伦已经意识到，在浓密的灰色眉毛和忧郁的眼睛下面，他那张锐利的、棱角分明的脸显得很严肃。艾伦想知道他是否听说过，然后决定这是不可能的。现在紧绷着，向职员正式点头，法官指出，商会程序可以开始。
地狱！“一个嘲笑的声音从后面说。“关于法律的旧线是什么意思？”阿兰笑了笑。“如果我同意你的话，你可能会引用我。”前面有个小男人问道。杜瓦尔今天会来吗？"不，“艾伦回答道：“他还在船上。如果命令nisi绝对是绝对的，我们只能把他从船上救出来。只是在瞬间，他看到他的两个战士在寻找一个安静的地方拖着一个年轻女子。第一个看到奥洛克时愣住了，站在教堂钟楼的窗前。战士喝得酩酊大醉，但是Tsubodai的目光有一种穿越雾气的方法。出其不意，那人想在台阶上鞠躬，绊倒了。他身后的同伴发出了侮辱。“我会让你安宁，奥洛克勇士说，偷懒和蘸着他的头他的同伴听见了，沉默了下来，但是这个女人继续挣扎。
你能帮吗?””甚至GregoQuaraOuanda点头同意,然而不情愿。目前,至少,Kovano设法把这个房间里所有的任性squabblers转变成一个合作的社会。这将持续多久房间外投机的问题。女性生殖器决定合作的精神可能会持续到下一个危机,也许这将是足够长的时间。只剩下一个对抗。R。巴特勒问道:“梅特兰先生会进一步磋商此事今天晚些时候有空吗?”法官威利斯皱起了眉头。这是浪费时间。私人会晤反对法院的律师没有业务。巴特勒的尴尬,艾伦点点头,回答说,‘是的。不合作的。
“他们强迫他站在后背上按住沃克的行李箱。他感到树皮在他身后移动。他们逼迫他。..也许吧。但是妹妹亚历山德拉是你的。..一个姐姐的黑暗。她照顾安------”””你为什么不照顾她?你是她的妹妹。””妹妹乔治亚清了清嗓子。”她把这样一个适合我们,阁下指定的妹妹亚历山德拉照顾她。”
现在紧绷着，向职员正式点头，法官指出，商会程序可以开始。第12部分温哥华，1月4日首相的航班在下午一点半前几分钟在渥太华机场着陆。东部标准时间。现在,自信,图的肩膀。R。巴特勒玫瑰。毫不费力的尊严——像一个罗马参议员,艾伦认为——他面临的板凳上。 تجزیه و تحلیل قیمت سکه بایننس: BNB/USD قرار است در 24 ساعت آینده بالاترین سطح را بشکند
تجزیه و تحلیل قیمت سکه بایننس نشان می دهد که گاوها در دو روز گذشته نتوانسته اند قیمت را به بالای 244 دلار برسانند. قیمت در حال حاضر زیر مقاومت 244 دلار معامله می شود و گاوها در حال مبارزه هستند. اگر نتوانند قیمت را به بالای 244 دلار برسانند، خطر حرکت نزولی وجود دارد.
پشتیبانی بعدی 206 دلار است. اگر قیمت به زیر این سطح برسد، ممکن است تا 180 دلار کاهش یابد. از سوی دیگر، اگر گاوها بتوانند قیمت را
|
34 | 0 | 2 |
and on hook-and-line gear, and utilized dried salted for human consumption and for fishmeal.
Holotype: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, MCZ 38001, adult or adolescent male, 197 mm. Type Locality: Northern Angola, 6°08'5,11°24'E, 350 to 380 m depth. One may think that gross motor skills come easy. As a child grows, they instinctively learn to run, jump and climb from the time they learn to walk. However, that is not always the case. Some children may take a little longer to develop those muscles, so as a parent, understanding and having ways to facilitate or promote these skills will be key. Summer is a perfect time to get out and do something physical with your children. Yes we do have those lazy days of summer but they don’t all have to be lazy. Here are a few tips to get you started on promoting your child’s gross motor skills without having to buy not one toy or pay for any extra-curricular activities. Although those can come in handy if your child shows an increasingly strong ability and interest in a particular area.
1. Start off small and simple. Remember the KISS acronym?? Keep It Simple Silly (we’ll use that instead of the stupid). You don’t have to have any fancy training or special equipment or even have to attend any classes. Just take your child to the park. Allow them to climb, swing, etc.; of course supervised. Utilize that backyard. Set up a family competition day. Have a jumping jack contest among other things.
2. Use what you have. Begin with using things around your home. You can create simple obstacle courses in your backyard or house. Chairs become obstacles children have to go under, broom/mop sticks they have to jump over. In addition, you would also be promoting math language. Using positional words to describe what you want your child to perform grows their vocabulary.
3. Don’t be afraid to be daring (but safe). The old school ways of spinning your children around is making a come back. These types of activities actually help further develop children’s vestibular (inner ear) system and equilibrium. So spin away (but safely please)!
4. Be informed. Knowing the general milestones and ages helps to keep an eye out for where to work on things. Talk to your pediatrician about where your child is and/or should be. I’m just saying….. the more you know.
5. Lastly, getting involved in a local recreational facility such as the Newark YMCA or Boys and Girls Club can help to foster not only your child’s physical abilities but also their social and language abilities. Generalità
Il trapianto di cuore è un intervento chirurgico volto a sostituire il cuore non più efficiente di un individuo con un cuore sano, proveniente da un donatore morto di recente.
Operazione molto delicata e non esente da complicazioni, il trapianto di cuore si esegue solo su individui valutati idonei da un'equipe specializzata.
Se l'intervento e il recupero procedono senza intoppi, grazie al trapianto il paziente migliora sensibilmente la propria qualità di vita (rispetto a prima dell'intervento) e può tornare ad esercitare diverse attività, da quella lavorativa a quella fisica.
Cos'è il trapianto di cuore?
Il trapianto di cuore è l'intervento chirurgico che serve a sostituire un cuore seriamente danneggiato con un altro sano, proveniente da un donatore morto da poco.
Il donatore deve essere compatibile con il ricevente, prima di tutto in termini di gruppo sanguigno e di dimensioni del cuore. Tutto ciò, come si vedrà più avanti, può ridurre la probabilità di ricevere un organo e allunga i tempi d'attesa.
L'operazione di trapianto di cuore è molto delicata e non priva di possibili complicazioni. Tuttavia, in quei pazienti con cuori gravemente malati, può rappresentare l'unica vera soluzione terapeutica.
Quanto è comune il trapianto di cuore?
Poiché è difficile trovare donatori appropriati per tutti coloro che necessitano di un cuore sano, le richieste di trapianto superano, e di molto, quelle che sono le disponibilità. Nel 2018, in Italia, sono stati eseguiti 233 interventi a fronte di più di 700 pazienti in attesa di ricevere un cuore nuovo.
La maggior parte dei candidati a trapianto e dei trapiantati è costituita da persone adulte, ma in alcuni casi è possibile che l'intervento venga effettuato su bambini.
Quando si esegue?
Quando il cuore di un individuo è danneggiato e non "lavora" più come dovrebbe, si parla di insufficienza cardiaca.
Questa condizione in molti casi può essere tenuta in equilibrio con la terapia con farmaci e, in alcuni casi, con un pacemaker – defibrillatore. Quando ciò diventa difficile dovrebbe essere valutata la candidatura a trapianto di cuore.
Ma quali sono le cause di insufficienza cardiaca, che possono rendere necessario il trapianto di cuore?
Cause di insufficienza cardiaca
L'insufficienza cardiaca insorge per diverse ragioni. Le principali sono:
- Coronaropatie. Le arterie coronarie sono i vasi sanguigni che nutrono il muscolo cardiaco (miocardio). Se il loro apporto di sangue e ossigeno viene meno, il miocardio va incontro a morte e il tessuto contrattile viene sostituito da tessuto cicatriziale, che non contribuisce alla funzione di pompa del cuore.
- Cardiomiopatie. Con questo termine si indicano genericamente diverse malattie che compromettono la struttura e la funzione del muscolo cardiaco. Possono essere classificate in base all'alterazione che le caratterizza (ipertrofiche, dilatative, …), alla natura ereditaria o acquisita, alla causa e tipologia specifica, che non sempre si riesce a chiarire.
- Difetti delle valvole cardiache. Le valvole cardiache sono quattro e regolano, in modo preciso, il flusso di sangue tra i compartimenti del cuore e tra cuore e grandi arterie. Le loro alterazioni determinano un sovraccarico di lavoro che a lungo andare può danneggiare irreversibilmente il cuore. Tuttavia fortunatamente la maggior parte delle malattie valvolari può essere trattata, per lo più con procedure chirurgiche, con buoni risultati di sopravvivenza e autonomia funzionale.
- Difetti congeniti del cuore. Presenti fin dalla nascita, questi difetti anatomici rappresentano la principale ragione di trapianto di cuore in pazienti giovani e giovanissimi, sebbene ciò avvenga per lo più dopo diversi interventi o in caso di cardiopatie congenite complesse, gravi e rare. Ciò a indicare che oggi la più parte delle cardiopatie congenite può essere diagnosticata e monitorata (e talvolta trattata) in epoca prenatale, e poi seguita e controllata con farmaci e/o procedure meno invasive di correzione parziale, e trattata e corretta in modo definitivo all'etá appropriata in rapporto al tipo e gravità di cardiopatia, con buoni risultati.
Rischi dell'operazione
Il trapianto di cuore è un'operazione seria eseguita in pazienti con una grave malattia cardiaca, che non di rado ha intaccato in parte la funzionalità di altri organi o apparati (reni, polmoni, fegato, apparato muscolare). Non può quindi meravigliare che esistano rischi e siano possibili complicazioni a breve e a lungo termine.
Diversi disturbi, inoltre, sono collegati all'assunzione di farmaci immunosoppressori: queste medicine sono fondamentali per un individuo trapiantato, perché depotenziano le difese immunitarie riducendo le probabilità di rigetto del nuovo cuore impiantato. Tuttavia facilitano le infezioni e riducono la resistenza allo sviluppo dei tumori.
Il seguente elenco riporta le complicanze più comuni successive a un trapianto di cuore:
- Fallimento del trapianto
- Rigetto dell'organo
- Infezioni
- Malattia coronarica del cuore trapiantato
- Tumori
- Insufficienza renale
Rigetto dell'organo
Il rigetto avviene quando il sistema immunitario di una persona sottoposta a trapianto aggredisce l'organo impiantato perché lo riconosce come estraneo all'organismo.
Il pericolo di rigetto si riduce nel tempo, ma purtroppo non si esaurisce mai del tutto. Pertanto, l'assunzione di immunosoppressori e i controlli periodici diventano, per chi si è sottoposto a un trapianto (di cuore o di qualsiasi altro organo), normale routine.
Esistono due forme di rigetto: rigetto acuto, che si sviluppa in poco tempo e più frequentemente nei primi mesi dopo l'intervento, determinato per lo più da un livello insufficiente di immunosoppressione in rapporto alle necessità del paziente; rigetto cronico, che si sviluppa e si manifesta a distanza di mesi o anni dall'operazione, caratterizzato da una particolare forma di malattia coronarica.
Sintomi di rigetto del cuore
Fallimento del trapianto
Per fallimento del trapianto s'intende la situazione in cui il cuore nuovo, appena impiantato, interrompe il battito improvvisamente o non comincia neppure la sua azione, o comunque ha una contrattilità scadente e gravemente insufficiente. In tali circostanze, il paziente è in serio pericolo di vita.
Il fallimento del trapianto può verificarsi per diverse ragioni: il cuore del donatore può avere alterazioni preesistenti non riconosciute o ritenute non importanti. In prossimità del decesso del donatore, il cuore può subire un danno non visibile ma critico, che si manifesta quando dovrebbe riprendere a funzionare dopo un periodo di arresto a temperatura controllata. L'adattamento alle condizioni del ricevente può essere difficile, specie in particolari circostanze (ipertensione polmonare) o in caso di discrepanza di taglia. Infine, vi possono essere problemi di natura chirurgica.
Infezioni
Gli individui trapiantati sono esposti ad infezioni batteriche, fungine e virali, in quanto le difese immunitarie sono depotenziate dall'assunzione di immunosoppressori.
Le infezioni fungine possono essere rapidamente invasive, anch'esse interessano più frequentemente i polmoni.
Infine, le infezioni virali più frequenti sono quelle sostenute da virus della famiglia degli herpes, tra cui in particolare il citomegalovirus.
Alcune pazienti meritano una profilassi (con antibiotici, antifungini, o antivirali) per prevenire le infezioni tipiche del trapianto, in rapporto alle caratteristiche individuali e all'intensità della terapia immunosoppressiva. Va ricordato però che l'uso estensivo e prolungato di antibiotici quando non sono necessari facilita lo sviluppo di ceppi resistenti, che rappresentano un pericolo soprattutto per i soggetti fragili (tra cui gli immunocompromessi).
La sorveglianza la valutazione e il trattamento delle infezioni nei soggetti trapiantati devono essere gestiti da specialisti con competenze specifiche.
Malattia coronarica del cuore trapiantato
I vasi del cuore trapiantato tendono ad ispessirsi (restringendo il lume interno del vaso) e indurirsi. Questo processo è graduale e richiede diverso tempo: benché molti pazienti con il passare degli anni ne siano affetti, le ricadute cliniche sono molto variabili.
I motivi di questa forma particolare di malattia coronarica sono diversi: si ritiene che contino il numero, la durata, la severità degli episodi di rigetto acuto, la presenza di anticorpi contro il cuore trapiantato, l'affinità immunologica tra ricevente e donatore, l'infezione da citomegalovirus, oltre che i classici fattori di rischio cardiovascolari quali l'eccesso di colesterolo o il diabete.
Tumori
A causa degli immunosoppressori, i pazienti trapiantati sono maggiormente esposti a tumori della pelle e a linfomi (cioè tumori delle cellule linfoidi). Per questo motivo, si raccomanda di evitare l'esposizione prolungata ai raggi ultravioletti del sole o di lampade artificiali. Inoltre le strategie di screening suggerite nella popolazione generale devono essere applicate strettamente nei soggetti trapiantati.
Insufficienza renale
Per insufficienza renale, s'intende la riduzione drastica delle capacità funzionali di uno o di entrambi i reni.
Preparazione
Come ci si prepara all'intervento?
Poiché la disponibilità di cuori trapiantabili non soddisfa tutte le richieste, e l'intervento comporta rischi e richiede una complessa terapia di mantenimento, é necessario identificare tra i molti pazienti con insufficienza cardiaca quelli che hanno effettiva necessità del trapianto e nei quali il trapianto abbia una buona probabilità di successo.
La selezione dei candidati a trapianto che vanno a costituire una lista d'attesa è responsabilità dei Centri Trapianti. I potenziali candidati vengono sottoposti a diversi esami e visite specialistiche, mirati a valutare la gravità dell'insufficienza cardiaca, la possibilità di controllarla con terapie più facilmente disponibili, la presenza o meno di malattie di altri organi o apparati, e anche l'equilibrio psicologico del soggetto, e la sua attitudine nei confronti della malattia. Vanno considerati la capacità e volontà di prendersi cura di sé, la storia di disturbi psichici, la dipendenze da droghe, alcol o fumo, etc. Queste valutazioni spettano a un'equipe multidisciplinare che generalmente include almeno il cardiochirurgo il cardiologo e lo psicologo.
Una volta che un paziente viene inserito in una lista d'attesa, dovrà essere sempre reperibile e organizzarsi, in caso di convocazione per il trapianto, per potere raggiungere il Centro Trapianti in tempo utile. Va detto peraltro che, benché quanto sopra descritto rimanga vero, al giorno d'oggi più spesso che in passato accedono al trapianto soprattutto pazienti in condizioni gravemente compromesse, già in ospedale al momento della disponibilità del donatore.
Come avviene l'inserimento nella lista d'attesa?
Generalmente un paziente viene segnalato al centro trapianti da un medico (nel caso del trapianto di cuore, più spesso un cardiologo) che riconosce la gravità o l'aggravarsi della malattia. In sinergia con l'equipe di esperti del centro trapianti, il malato viene sottoposto a diversi controlli:
- Esami del sangue, delle urine e screening tumorali. Servono per valutare la funzione renale ed epatica, lo stato nutrizionale, la presenza di malattie endocrine infettive o neoplastiche, per valutare il profilo beneficio/rischio del trapianto.
- Esami cardiologici: Visita, ecg, ecocardiogramma, risonanza magnetica, test da sforzo cardiorespiratorio, cateterismo cardiaco, coronarografia… in rapporto alla storia clinica e alle condizioni del soggetto
|
34 | 0 | 3 |
中提取的有效成分，又名小蘖碱，通常用来治疗痢疾和肠炎，但是今后它可能还可以用于防治冠心病、糖尿病——南京市第一医院的专家在临床上发现黄连素具有降血糖和降血脂的功能。除此以外，黄连素还有更多药用功效。
01黄连素具有明显的降血脂作用
临床观察显示，接受黄连素治疗的高胆固醇血症患者，在口服黄连素3个月后，血清总胆固醇、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯下降20％～28％。同时黄连素比“他汀类”药物便宜几十倍，黄连素降血脂作用的发现，对高血脂、糖尿病及心血管疾病的防治具有不可低估的价值，可以说黄连素是“他汀类”药物的理想补充。
用黄连素治疗高血脂症一个疗程（每日3次，每次0.3克，连服20天）后，血总胆固醇和甘油三酯显著下降，对于因动脉硬化所致的冠心病及脑血管病有效。
02黄连素具有降血糖作用
糖尿病病人每日口服4次，每次0.4克，服1～3个月后，可能使血糖降至正常水平。
03黄连素的降压作用也很好
多数老年高血压患者服药后，血压可降至正常范围。这是由于黄连素中的小蘖碱可直接作用于血管平滑肌，具有舒张血管作用。
04黄连素可改善心律失常
中老年人发生心律失常多与器质性心脏病有关，如冠状动脉硬化性心脏病、心肌炎等。每日口服黄连素4次，每次0.4克，连服7～12天，能使心悸、气短、胸闷等不适症状减轻或消失，可缓解或纠正心律失常。
科研成果显示：黄连素能增加冠状动脉血流量，改善心肌功能，从而降低因冠状动脉梗塞所引起的心律失常的发病率。
黄连素对于治疗频发的房性、室性早搏也有较好的效果，尤其对室性早搏的治疗效果十分明显，其有效率可达90％以上，用法是：成人每次口服0.4克(0.1克／片)，1日服4次，显效后继续服用5日，随后可减成维持量，即每次口服0.2～0.3克，每日服3次，一般4～6周为一个疗程。
05黄连素可以抗心力衰竭
当心脏由于心肌收缩力减弱，不能将静脉回流的血液全部送入动脉时，就会造成血液淤滞，心排血量降低，难以满足组织代谢的需要。可在餐前服用盐酸小檗碱来治疗，每次0.4～0.6克，一天三次。一般1～5天见效，总有效率为71%。但急症、重症病人仍需送医院诊治。
06黄连素对防治短暂性脑缺血发作有良好效果
短暂性脑缺血发作是脑栓塞的一个重要危险因素，如不及时控制，约有半数可诱发脑栓塞而致生命危险。由于短暂性脑缺血发作的发生及转归与血小板聚集力密切相关，所以抗血小板凝集剂如阿司匹林早已成为治疗短暂性脑缺血发作，预防脑梗塞的有效药物。黄连素如同阿司匹林可抑制血小板凝集，并且作用更为广泛，由于黄连素药源广，副作用小，易被病人接受，因而可用于短暂性脑缺血发作的治疗。具体用法：每日0.9克，分三次口服，连续治疗30天为一疗程，可用2～3个疗程。
07黄连素还有一定的防癌作用
黄连素还有一定的防癌作用。患有慢性结肠炎、结肠息肉、食道炎等疾病的人经常服用，既有治疗作用，又可防治发生癌变。
08黄连素的抗菌能力颇强
体外试验表明它的抗菌谱广泛，临床上主要用于治疗消化 ( 消化食品 )系统感染，如急性胃肠炎 、痢疾等。
09黄连素可治疗褥疮
黄连素加盐酸环丙沙星配方治疗褥疮有较好的效果，而且取材方便。
具体用法为：先将非糖衣黄连素研成粉末，加盐酸环丙沙星溶液调成软膏状，创面周围皮肤常规消毒，清除创面坏死组织，用无菌生理盐水冲洗创面后拭干，然后外敷配方药物（每平方厘米创面黄连素0.1 g加盐酸环丙沙星溶液0.5ml）于创面，每日2~3次，7天为一个疗程。 来源：希腊移民网
时间：2021/10/27 03:45:55
与其他欧盟国家不同，希腊仍然拥有像基督诞生这样一个节日的真正意义——耶稣基督的诞生。这个假期的日期是根据公历确定的，所以它是在12月25日。人们如何在希腊庆祝圣诞节？本文为希腊移民提供了一份实用指南。
希腊移民生活指南，人们如何在希腊庆祝圣诞节
1924年希腊教会采用新儒略历作为历法的基础。在这方面，公历庆祝具有固定日期的假期，包括圣诞节。与此同时，儒略历庆祝节日，其日期每年都在变化，例如复活节。
希腊的耶稣基督诞生和俄罗斯联邦的圣诞节在不同的月份庆祝——希腊人在12月25日庆祝伟大的节日，俄罗斯人在1月7日庆祝耶稣基督。同时，希腊人和俄罗斯人庆祝复活节同样的方法。
希腊庆祝活动的特点
居民庆祝圣诞节，同时尊重其宗教成分，而不仅仅是将其视为庆祝晚宴和交换礼物的场合。12月24日，放假前一天晚上，孩子们开始唱颂歌。他们以几个人为一组，绕过其他家庭，例如邻居，唱一首传统的圣诞歌曲——Καλήνεσπέραν。由于他们将基督诞生的故事带到了房子里，业主给孩子们各种糖果。
12月25日晚上，所有教堂都举行礼拜。一般节日祈祷聚集了大量的人。在教堂服务之后，乐趣就开始了。
亲朋好友聚在一张共同的节日餐桌上，吃饭，交换礼物。人们唱歌很多，出去跳舞，到处都是音乐。希腊人会在阳台、房屋屋顶或街边的火盆上煮肉。
圣诞节没有单一的菜肴清单，因为每个地区的菜肴都有所不同。希腊各个角落唯一常见的菜肴是猪或火鸡。此外，它们的制备方法可能非常不同。一定要供应Christopsomo——用罗勒、十字架和蜂蜜装饰的糕点面包。
希腊购房移民——在希腊购买25万欧元以上的房产即可一步到位获希腊绿卡。
法案支持：
2012年底，希腊政府推出“外国人购置房产送欧盟居留”的政策计划。随后中国投资人纷纷涌入希腊投资房产获取身份。
2015年7月，再次更新法案，只要投资者在希腊购买25万欧元或以上的房地产项目，即可获得希腊政府颁发的希腊“投资者永久居留许可”，一步到位拿绿卡。投资人的父母、岳父母、配偶及子女（21岁以下）都可以申请。只要持有所购买的房产便可维持身份，永居身份每5年更新一次。
2017年3月10日起，所有通过购买希腊房产申请希腊永久居留的投资者，都将获得为期5年的永久居留卡，一改过去护照贴签的形式！
项目概况：
无学历、语言、资金来源证明、商业背景要求，可在国内办理，在希腊购买25万欧元以上的房产即可在3月内一步到全家三代位获希腊绿卡，免费公立医疗及教育，畅游26个申根国，是一步拿绿卡所需投资金额最低的申根国家。
申请条件
申请人要求：
1.年满18岁，无年龄上限要求，无学历及语言要求；
2.在希腊购买25万欧元以上的房产；
3.无学历、语言、背景、资金等方面的要求；
4.无健康证明要求；
5.随行人员：全家三代：主申请人、其配偶、其子女（21周岁以下非独立子女）、主申请人父母、配偶子女。
投资标准
房�
|
34 | 1 | 0 |
, quando Gesù afferma la verità, l’unica verità: Io lo sono! E vedrete il Figlio dell’uomo
seduto alla destra della Potenza
e venire con le nubi del cielo, i sacerdoti del tempio urlano alla bestemmia e decretano la condanna a morte di Gesù.
Allora il sommo sacerdote, stracciandosi le vesti, disse: Che bisogno abbiamo ancora di testimoni? Avete udito la bestemmia; che ve ne pare? Tutti sentenziarono che era reo di morte. Alcuni si misero a sputargli addosso, a bendargli il volto, a percuoterlo e a dirgli: Fa’ il profeta! E i servi lo schiaffeggiavano. Questa parte dell’umanità è menzognera quanto commediante, e, nella sua rappresentazione teatrale, si straccia le vesti in segno di sdegno nei confronti di Dio. Se questa parte di umanità, davanti a Gesù, si straccia le vesti, quando vedrà Gesù Dio nella sua gloria, cosa si straccerà?
Perfino i servi, per antonomasia i sottomessi e i controllati, dentro l’onda della menzogna si sentono nel diritto di scaricare tutta la loro antichissima rabbia contro la vita e l’esistenza, e si mettono a schiaffeggiare Dio, battendo il volto di Gesù.
Mentre Pietro era giù nel cortile, venne una delle giovani serve del sommo sacerdote e, vedendo Pietro che stava a scaldarsi, lo guardò in faccia e gli disse: Anche tu eri con il Nazareno, con Gesù. Ma egli negò, dicendo: Non so e non capisco che cosa dici. Poi uscì fuori verso l’ingresso e un gallo cantò. E la serva, vedendolo, ricominciò a dire ai presenti: Costui è uno di loro. Ma egli di nuovo negava. Poco dopo i presenti dicevano di nuovo a Pietro: È vero, tu certo sei uno di loro; infatti sei Galileo. Ma egli cominciò a imprecare e a giurare: Non conosco quest’uomo di cui parlate. E subito, per la seconda volta, un gallo cantò. E Pietro si ricordò della parola che Gesù gli aveva detto: Prima che due volte il gallo canti, tre volte mi rinnegherai. E scoppiò in pianto. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata da Pietro, fa fatica, veramente fatica ad avere coraggio e fede in Dio e nel suo modo di operare e condurre le cose. Fa fatica a credere che Dio sa sempre quello che fa, che mai abbandona i suoi figli e mai nulla succede per caso. Fa fatica a credere a Gesù e lo rinnega per paura degli uomini. Ma questa parte di umanità può sempre crescere nella consapevolezza e imparare a chiedere perdono, e ripartire in Dio e nell’amore.
E subito, al mattino, i capi dei sacerdoti, con gli anziani, gli scribi e tutto il sinedrio, dopo aver tenuto consiglio, misero in catene Gesù, lo portarono via e lo consegnarono a Pilato. Pilato gli domandò: Tu sei il re dei Giudei? Ed egli rispose: Tu lo dici. I capi dei sacerdoti lo accusavano di molte cose. Pilato lo interrogò di nuovo dicendo: Non rispondi nulla? Vedi di quante cose ti accusano! Ma Gesù non rispose più nulla, tanto che Pilato rimase stupito. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata dai capi dei sacerdoti, dagli anziani, dagli scribi e da tutto il tribunale religioso, troverà sempre il modo di mettere in catene Gesù, la verità, la libertà, la dignità, e di consegnare tutto in mano al potere politico, al regime di turno, alla dittatura del momento. Questa parte di umanità religiosa è continuamente e perennemente prostrata sull’altare del compromesso, per celebrare sposalizi, nozze, alleanze con i regimi e gli imperi del momento. È quella parte di umanità che, pur avendo il compito di guidare i popoli verso Dio, è invece del tutto protesa a consegnare Dio e i popoli ai regimi dei poteri forti e dei dittatori.
A ogni festa, egli era solito rimettere in libertà per loro un carcerato, a loro richiesta. Un tale, chiamato Barabba, si trovava in carcere insieme ai ribelli che nella rivolta avevano commesso un omicidio. La folla, che si era radunata, cominciò a chiedere ciò che egli era solito concedere. Pilato rispose loro: Volete che io rimetta in libertà per voi il re dei Giudei? Sapeva infatti che i capi dei sacerdoti glielo avevano consegnato per invidia. Ma i capi dei sacerdoti incitarono la folla perché, piuttosto, egli rimettesse in libertà per loro Barabba. Pilato disse loro di nuovo: Che cosa volete dunque che io faccia di quello che voi chiamate il re dei Giudei? Ed essi di nuovo gridarono: Crocifiggilo! Pilato diceva loro: Che male ha fatto? Ma essi gridarono più forte: Crocifiggilo! Pilato, volendo dare soddisfazione alla folla, rimise in libertà per loro Barabba e, dopo aver fatto flagellare Gesù, lo consegnò perché fosse crocifisso. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata dai capi dei sacerdoti, dagli anziani, dagli scribi, da tutto il tribunale religioso e dal sistema politico, è preparata a rivolgersi al popolo per provocare una reazione popolare compulsiva, prevedibile, condizionata. Un popolo sempre tenuto all’oscuro dei veri programmi del regime, continuamente impaurito da nemici immaginari e pericoli inesistenti, è un popolo non solo disinformato e ingannato, ma anche insicuro, debole, impreparato. È un popolo stolto, una massa ignorante, instupidita, che in mano a pochi conniventi con il male si muove in un branco informe e caotico. È un’umanità che usa l’intelligenza per non credere in Dio e dunque usa l’intelligenza per credere a tutti e a tutto.
Pilato chiede: Volete che io rimetta in libertà per voi il re dei Giudei? Pilato provoca il potere religioso, vuole vedere fino a che punto odia Gesù, vuole vedere fino a che punto il potere religioso è disposto a giocarsi il tutto e per tutto per far morire Gesù. I capi della religione, così provocati, vanno oltre ogni limite e spingono a incitare la folla affinché Pilato piuttosto rimetta in libertà Barabba. I capi religiosi in quel momento prendono una direzione ben chiara, decidono per sempre di rinunciare a Dio e al bene del popolo e scelgono la criminalità.
Allora i soldati lo condussero dentro il cortile, cioè nel pretorio, e convocarono tutta la truppa. Lo vestirono di porpora, intrecciarono una corona di spine e gliela misero attorno al capo. Poi presero a salutarlo: Salve, re dei Giudei! E gli percuotevano il capo con una canna, gli sputavano addosso e, piegando le ginocchia, si prostravano davanti a lui. Dopo essersi fatti beffe di lui, lo spogliarono della porpora e gli fecero indossare le sue vesti, poi lo condussero fuori per crocifiggerlo. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata da Pilato e dai capi del tempio, affida la protezione dei propri interessi e intrighi menzogneri e criminali alle forze militari. Questa parte di umanità non trova di meglio che consegnare Gesù nelle mani dei militari, dei soldati. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata dai soldati e dai militari, è pronta a schernire Gesù e l’umanità e a torturarli a morte per obbedire a degli ordini e a dei comandi dei loro superiori. Questa parte dell’umanità trova più facile, onorevole, coraggioso, valoroso obbedire agli ordini degli uomini, quali che essi siano, giusti o sbagliati non conta, piuttosto che obbedire a Dio. Questa parte dell’umanità, quando viene indagata dalla giustizia per aver compiuto oscenità e crimini indicibili, risponde sempre: Abbiamo solo obbedito a degli ordini. L’esercito è un amico indispensabile al potere corrotto e alla dittatura.
Costrinsero a portare la sua croce un tale che passava, un certo Simone di Cirene, che veniva dalla campagna, padre di Alessandro e di Rufo.
Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata da Simone di Cirene, viene costretta a portare il peso e il dramma della croce insieme a Gesù, ma questo non le impedisce di coltivare amore e fiducia in Gesù, tanto da far parte poi della prima comunità dei credenti. L’accenno del testo evangelico al nome dei figli di Simone è sicuramente una sottolineatura a memoria del fatto che Simone stesso e i suoi figli, dopo la risurrezione di Gesù, faranno parte della prima comunità dei credenti.
Condussero Gesù al luogo del Gòlgota, che significa “Luogo del cranio”, e gli davano vino mescolato con mirra, ma egli non ne prese. Poi lo crocifissero e si divisero le sue vesti, tirando a sorte su di esse ciò che ognuno avrebbe preso. Erano le nove del mattino quando lo crocifissero. La scritta con il motivo della sua condanna diceva: “Il re dei Giudei”. Con lui crocifissero anche due ladroni, uno a destra e uno alla sua sinistra. Quelli che passavano di là lo insultavano, scuotendo il capo e dicendo: Ehi, tu che distruggi il tempio e lo ricostruisci in tre giorni, salva te stesso scendendo dalla croce! Così anche i capi dei sacerdoti, con gli scribi, fra loro si facevano beffe di lui e dicevano: Ha salvato altri e non può salvare se stesso! Il Cristo, il re d’Israele, scenda ora dalla croce, perché vediamo e crediamo! E anche quelli che erano stati crocifissi con lui lo insultavano. Quando fu mezzogiorno, si fece buio su tutta la terra fino alle tre del pomeriggio. Alle tre, Gesù gridò a gran voce: Eloì, Eloì, lemà sabactàni?, che significa: Dio mio, Dio mio, perché mi hai abbandonato? Udendo questo, alcuni dei presenti dicevano: Ecco, chiama Elìa! Uno corse a inzuppare di aceto una spugna, la fissò su una canna e gli dava da bere, dicendo: Aspettate, vediamo se viene Elìa a farlo scendere. Ma Gesù, dando un forte grido, spirò. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata dalla gente comune, dai capi dei sacerdoti, dai farisei, che passano giudicanti nei pressi della croce, pur non sapendo nulla, non capendo nulla, non percependo nulla di Gesù e della vita, è comunque pronta a usare lingua e mente per deridere Gesù, schernirlo, umiliarlo. Quando questa parte di umanità potrà intravvedere Gesù nella sua gloria, come userà la lingua e la mente?
Il velo del tempio si squarciò in due, da cima a fondo. Il centurione, che si trovava di fronte a lui, avendolo visto spirare in quel modo, disse: Davvero quest’uomo era Figlio di Dio! Vi erano anche alcune donne, che osservavano da lontano, tra le quali Maria di Màgdala, Maria madre di Giacomo il minore e di Ioses, e Salome, le quali, quando era in Galilea, lo seguivano e lo servivano, e molte altre che erano salite con lui a Gerusalemme. Venuta ormai la sera, poiché era la Parascève, cioè la vigilia del sabato, Giuseppe d’Arimatèa, membro autorevole del sinedrio, che aspettava anch’egli il regno di Dio, con coraggio andò da Pilato e chiese il corpo di Gesù. Pilato si meravigliò che fosse già morto e, chiamato il centurione, gli domandò se era morto da tempo. Informato dal centurione, concesse la salma a Giuseppe. Egli allora, comprato un lenzuolo, lo depose dalla croce, lo avvolse con il lenzuolo e lo mise in un sepolcro scavato nella roccia. Poi fece rotolare una pietra all’entrata del sepolcro. Maria di Màgdala e Maria madre di Ioses stavano a osservare dove veniva posto. Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, rappresentata dal militare centurione, dalle donne che osservano da lontano, da Giuseppe d’Arimatea, è disposta a osservare senza odio e presunzione le azioni di Gesù, è disposta a capire oltre le convenzioni e le menzogne, senza arroganza e superbia, è disposta a cambiare il proprio modo di pensare e di percepire la realtà, la vita, Dio, e può iniziare a comprendere, capire, credere, cambiare, evolversi.
Davanti a Gesù una parte dell’umanità, ascoltando la sua Parola, diventa sapiente e intelligente e comprende chiaramente che:
- il male c’è, c’è eccome, ed è organizzato in modo unitario da Satana e dai suoi servi angelici e umani, e mai, mai, mai va giustificato;
- il male è un treno che ha come rotaie la menzogna e come obiettivo l’omicidio dell’umanità;
- come Dio accetta il male, perché è una scelta precisa di direzione del libero arbitrio, così l’uomo di fede deve accettare che il male c’è, ma non spetta a lui combatterlo, a lui spetta continuare semplicemente e con fiducia assoluta ad agire con amore e a seminare il bene;
- il male c’è, ma non va mai legittimato, scusato, avvallato, non si fanno alleanze, compromessi, coalizioni, armistizi con il male;
- davanti al male non si combatte mai, ma non ci si arrende mai;
- Gesù ha vinto il mondo, e sarà sempre presente e vicino ai suoi figli. 一般性质煤质柱状活性炭外观为暗黑色，只有良好的吸附性能，化学稳定性好，可耐强酸及强碱，能经受水浸，高温。比重比水轻，是多孔性的疏水性吸附剂。细孔结构和细孔分布活性炭在制造过程中，挥发性有机物去除后，晶格间生成的空隙形成许多形状和大小不同的细孔。这些细孔壁的总表面积(比表面积)一般高达500~1700m2/g,这就是煤质柱状活性炭吸
|
34 | 1 | 1 |
که از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون برای تعیین مالیات خود استفاده می کنند؛ ۱- تکلیفی به تکمیل و تسلیم اظهارنامه مالیاتی و ارائه دفاتر و اسناد نخواهند داشت. ۲- می توانند مبلغ تعیین شده را برای چهار ماه تقسیط و پرداخت کنند. ۳-چون مالیات مقطوع تعیین شده، با تایید خود مودی بوده است، دیگر امکانی برای اعتراض به مالیات تعیین شده نخواهد داشت.۴- چنانچه بعدا توسط سازمان امور مالیاتی کشف شود که مودی بدون داشتن شرایط قانونی، از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون استفاده کرده یعنی مجموع درآمد وی از مبلغ چهل و هشت میلیارد ریال بیشتر بوده است، فرایند طی شده در مورد استفاده از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون بی اعتبار قلمداد خواهد شد و در نتیجه مودی مشمول جریمه عدم تسلیم اظهارنامه می شود و مالیات وی با حسابرسی توسط سازمان امور مالیاتی تعیین می شود. ۵-چنانچه بعدا معلوم شود که مودی استفاده کننده از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون، مشمول استفاده از این تبصره بوده است یعنی مجموع درآمد وی تا رقم چهل و هشت میلیارد ریال بوده ولی درآمد واقعی وی، بیشتر از مبلغ ابراز شده توسط مودی در فرم استفاده از تبصره بوده، در اینصورت، اداره امور مالیاتی می تواند با احراز واقعیت، مابه التفاوت بین مالیات مقطوع تعیین شده با مالیات مربوط به درآمد بیشتر از مبلغ ابرازی، را از مودی مطالبه کند. البته چنین مودی مشمول جریمه تسلیم نکردن اظهارنامه نخواهد بود.
۵- استفاده از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ چه محدودیت هایی ایجاد می کند
استفاده از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون، با وجود همه مزایای قابل توجه، پاره ای محدودیت های نسبی را نیز از جهت استفاده از برخی تسهیلات قانونی ایجاد می کند مثلا مودی دیگر نمی تواند از مشوق موضوع ماده ۱۳۱ قانون در مورد تخفیف نرخ مالیاتی بابت افزایش درآمد مشمول مالیات نسبت به سال مالیاتی گذشته و یا ماده ۱۳۷ قانون در مورد امکان کسر هزینه های درمانی از درآمد مشمول مالیات استفاده کند.
با وجود برخی محدودیت های ناشی از تبصره ماده ۱۰۰ قانون، مزایای قابل توجه تبصره یاد شده، استفاده از آنرا چه برای مودی و چه برای سازمان امور مالیاتی موجه می کند. Araştırmacılar, 24 Mart tarihinde 35 haftadan daha büyük bir çocuğa hamileyken ateş ve öksürük şikâyetiyle hastaneye kabul edildiğini söyledi. Koronavirüs testi pozitif çıkan anne, sezaryen doğum yaptı ve bebek, doğum acil bakım ünitesine alındı.
Doktorlar, bebeğin de koronavirüs testinin pozitif çıktığını ancak hastalığını attığını ve 18 gün sonra taburcu edildiğini söyledi. Bebeğin, virüsü doğduktan sonra kapmış olma ihtimalinin ise elendiği ifade edildi. Araştırmanın yazarı, “Plasentanın gösterdiği akut ve kronik intervilöz iltihabı, SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonuyla tetiklenen sert sistemik anneye ait iltihap durumuyla uyumlu” ifadelerini kullandı.
Doktorlar, koronavirüsle doğan benzer bebek vakalarının olduğunu ancak şimdiye kadar bebeğin rahim içerisinde koronavirüse yakalanıp yakalanmadığını söyleyemediklerini ifade ettiler. İtalya’da mart ve nisan aylarında 31 kadın üzerinde yapılan araştırmalarda, doğmamış bebeklerin annelerinden koronavirüs kapabileceğine dair bazı deliller bulunmuştu.
Fransa’daki doktorlar, “SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonunun transplasentasal geçişinin doğumun son haftaları sırasında mümkün olduğunu gösterdik” dedi. Araştırmanın baş yazarı Daniele De Luca, bu tür vakaların çok nadir olduğunu söyledi. De Luca, çoğu vakada bebeğe herhangi bir zarar gelmeyeceğini de ifade etti. A Reforestation project enforcing the Filipino community to plant indigenous trees and propagate seedlings
One of the serious threats to our country's natural ecosystems is the invasion of alien tree species. It is a great concern especially for biodiversity conservation. The problem, if not properly addressed, may result to the domination of these foreign species and may eventually annihilate the countries' native tree species, severely damaging our forest ecosystems that serve as habitats to a great diversity of plant and animal life.
Get updates about new products directly to your inbox Digital Schoolhouse together with Nintendo UK, uses play-based learning to engage pupils and teachers with Computing. The programme is delivered by games trade body Ukie and is backed by the creative digital industries and government. Sponsors include PlayStation®, SEGA, Ubisoft and Outright Games.
Our ingenious computing workshops are aimed at local primary schools across the UK. Delivered by our expert network of Schoolhouses and lead teachers, you can experience our unique approach to play-based learning through innovative activities and free adaptable resources. Underpinned by evidence-based research and combined the programme successfully bridges the gap between education and industry.
Since 2019 we have been a certified Digital Schoolhouse providing workshops on Computer Programming and Computational Thinking to students from the local primary schools. Students have been introduced to a range of programming concepts and practical activities in Scratch and Python. عن عبد الله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما : «أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم نهى عن الشِّغَارِ».
[صحيح] - [متفق عليه]
المزيــد ...
از عبدالله بن عمر رضی الله عنهما روایت است که رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم از نکاح شغار نهی کرده است.
صحیح است - متفق علیه
اصل در عقد ازدواج این است که جز با تعیین مهریه برای زن کامل نمی شود. و این مهریه در برابر بهره بردن شوهر از او می باشد. به همین دلیل رسول الله صلی الله علیه وسلم از این نکاح جاهلی نهی می کند که طی آن اولیا به دختران خود ظلم می کنند؛ چون آنها را بدون مهریه به ازدواج درمی آورند؛ حال آنکه نفع مهریه به دختران باز می گردد؛ بلکه دختران شان را قربانی شهوات و خواهشات نفسانی خود می کنند؛ و آنان را به ازدواج کسی در می آوردند که دخترش را به ازدواج او درآورد و به این ترتیب مهریه ای برای آنها مشخص نمی کردند. و این ظلم و ستم و تصرف ناروایی در حق آنها و عملی مخالف با حکم الله بود؛ و هر ازدواجی که با این مبنا باشد، حرام و باطل است. Washington State K–12 Learning Standards and Guidelines
WA.7.4. HISTORY - The student understands and applies knowledge of historical thinking, chronology, eras, turning points, major ideas, individuals, and themes of local, Washington State, tribal, United States, and world history in order to evaluate how history shapes the present and future.
7.4.2. Understands and analyzes causal factors that have shaped major events in history.
220.127.116.11. Understands and analyzes how individuals and movements have shaped Washington State or world history.
7.4.3. Understands that there are multiple perspectives and interpretations of historical events.
18.104.22.168. Analyzes multiple causal factors that shape major events in Washington State or world history.
WA.RH.6-8. Reading Standards for Literacy in History/Social Studies
Craft and Structure
RH.6-8.4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/social studies.
RH.6-8.5. Describe how a text presents information (e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity
RH.6-8.10. By the end of grade 8, read and comprehend history/social studies texts in the grades 6-8 text complexity band independently and proficiently. به گزارشخبرنگار مهر، مجید عبداللهی ظهر چهارشنبه در گردهمایی معاونان فنی و اجرایی ادارات کل نوسازی، توسعه و تجهیز مدارس کشور در مشهد اظهار ک
|
34 | 1 | 2 |
غو تحریم ها در وین استناد می کنند، روز دوشنبه به نقل از یک مقام ایرانی مدعی شدند که تیم مذاکره کننده جمهوری اسلامی ایران سانتریفیوژهای پیشرفته را در داخل این کشور مهر و موم و ذخیره می کند. کشور به جای نابود کردن آنها.
به گزارش رویترز، این مقام ایرانی تصریح کرد که ایران به جای انهدام سانتریفیوژهای پیشرفته و ارسال آنها به خارج از کشور، می خواهد این دستگاه ها را در داخل کشور ذخیره کند.
ایرنا به طور مستقل این خبر را تایید نمی کند، اما جمهوری اسلامی ایران همواره بر حفظ پیشرفت ها و دستاوردهای هسته ای خود تاکید داشته است.
رویترز همچنین به نقل از یک مقام ایرانی نوشت که تهران خواستار لغو تحریم ها علیه حدود 300 فرد و نهاد غیر مرتبط با توافق هسته ای شده است.
رویترز از اظهار نظر بیشتر درباره این مقام ایرانی خودداری کرد، اما دونالد ترامپ، رئیس جمهور سابق آمریکا خواستار تلاش برای بازگشت اسامی افراد و شرکت هایی شد که پیش از این در فهرست تحریم ها به بهانه سلاح هسته ای قرار گرفته اند. آنها همچنین در لیست تحریم ها با برچسب های غیر مرتبط با موضوع هسته ای قرار داشتند.
جمهوری اسلامی ایران پیش از این اعلام کرده بود که دولت آمریکا برای بازگشت به شورای امنیت سازمان ملل متحد باید تمامی تحریم های اعمال شده، اعمال مجدد و برچسب گذاری مجدد را لغو کند.
یکی دیگر از مقامات ایرانی به رویترز گفت که 30 درصد از مسائل دشوار در مذاکرات تحریم ها در وین باقی مانده است، اما می توان در اوایل ماه مارس به توافق رسید. Biomes are defined by IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) as "a set of life forms (vegetal and animal) consisting in contiguous types of vegetation that can be identified at a regional scale with similar geo-climatic conditions and a shared history of changes, resulting in a particular biological diversity”. According to the Mapa dos Biomas do Brasil (Biomes of Brazil Map), elaborated by IBGE and the Ministry of Environment, Brazil has 5 big biomes. The widest one is Amazon, that comprises 49.29% of Brazilian territory and an approximate area of 4,196,943 km². The smallest biome is Pantanal, with an approximate area of 150,355 km² or 1.76% of Brazil's territory. In Rio Grande do Sul, due to the diversity of climate, soils and relief, there is the formation of distinct ecosystems derived from two large biomes: Atlantic Forest and Pampa.
The domain of Atlantic Forest biome, i. e., its area of original vegetal coverage, that may be defined by the predominance of forest vegetation, extends for almost 37% of the State territory, occupying its northern half. At present, out of this percentage, only 7.5% remain in the State, although with a high grade of fragmentation. About 2,931,900 ha of these remaining areas are protected by law since 1993, forming the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve of Rio Grande do Sul.
Regarding Pampa Biome, whose incidence in Brazil is restricted to Rio Grande do Sul, it occupies the southern half of the State or 63% of its territory. It is defined as grassland vegetation, predominantly in plains, that also extends by Uruguay and Argentina, and is characterized by the presence of a large diversity of fauna and flora still poorly studied. At present it is considered the second more threatened biome in the country, after the Atlantic Forest.
Source: IBGE and MMA. Mapa de Biomas do Brasil. 2004 (1:5,000,000) ,
欢迎进入欧博注册（www.aLLbetgame.us），欧博官网是欧博集团的官方网站。欧博官网开放Allbet注册、Allbe代理、Allbet电脑客户端、Allbet手机版下载等业务。
上一篇的场景先容我们先容了密阿雷市的第一部门，也就是密阿雷市的中央广场以及南侧的街道，而密阿雷市对照著名的街道尚有以四序为名字的春天大道、炎天大道、秋天大道以及冬天大道，本篇小二就来先容这四条蹊径上的修建，就让我们来看看都有什么内容吧。
春天大道（密阿雷市的一条街道，有着许多对主角时髦水平有所要求的店，同时这里也是最重视服装的区域）：
石头馆——石头馆是一间专门贩售石头的商铺，和柜台的男性攀谈便可购入使宝可梦进化所不能或缺的石头（仅售水之石、火之石和叶之石），和店内左方深处的暮年男性NPC攀谈后，将可用1000000元划分购置布拉塔诺博士没有赠予的两种关都最初的同伴使用的超级石，售价会随主角的时髦度提高而降低，最低可能降到10000元。
福庄时装馆——福庄时装馆是可以买到豪华衣饰的商铺，主角的时髦度到达25后，就可以进入这里购置衣服；这里一共销售18款男装，要将它们所有买下需要破费￥1820000，占游戏中可购置男装总价钱的81.7%；一共销售40款女装，要将它们所有买下需要破费￥3984900，占游戏中可购置女装总价钱的85.2%。
中药局/宝可美容沙龙馆/时髦咖啡馆/汪汪咖啡馆——中药局是密阿雷市销售宝可梦中药的店；宝可美容沙龙馆是通过帮多丽米亚修剪毛发而使其发生形态转变的店，可以携带多丽米亚到这个店里通过修剪来改变它的几种发型，每次更改破费500元且维持五天，当多丽米亚存入电脑后恢回复样，时髦度越高，可以选择的气概越多；时髦咖啡馆是一家咖啡馆，这里能够领会关于卡洛斯区域主要城镇的信息；汪汪咖啡馆是一家咖啡馆。这里是许多多丽米亚兴趣者和崇敬者的交流地。
炎天大道：
ID抽奖中央/平花咖啡馆/密阿雷出书社/英俊咖啡馆——ID抽奖中央是一间逐日抽奖的抽奖中央，获奖依据是所抽出的号码与持有宝可梦上的ID No.的相符；平花咖啡馆的轮滑手女性NPC会辅助主角学会特技；密阿雷出书社是一间出书社，可以向三色堇询问这些街道的主要地址，选“是”的话，她会带主角抵达指定地址；英俊咖啡馆是一间咖啡馆，想成为咖啡馆老板的人在此群集。
秋天大道：
精灵球馆/二柳餐馆/果汁馆/珍爱咖啡馆——精灵球馆是销售精灵球的店；二柳餐馆是一间二星级餐馆，在这里支付15000元就可选择三打对战或者轮盘对战，跟一星餐厅一样接纳延续对战（进入需登入名人堂）；果汁馆是一间销售果汁的店，除了买种种果汁之外，还可以向旁边的男性NPC帮主角选择种种树果，自制果汁；珍爱咖啡馆是一间宝可梦兴趣者群集的咖啡馆。
（www.22223388.com）实时更新发布最新最快最有效的新2网址和新2最新网址,包括新2手机网址,新2备用网址,皇冠最新网址,新2足球网址,新2网址大全。 Schaeffler, kullanımı optimal hale getirmek için çerezlerden yararlanır. Bu web sitesini kullanmaya devam ettiğinizde, çerez uygulamasını da kabul etmiş olursunuz. Daha Fazla Bilgi
Schaeffler Group Industrial, raylı araç üreticileri ve özel müşteri gereksinimleri için çalışan şirketlerle yakın işbirliği içerisinde yatak sistemlerini geliştirir. Bu alanda 100 yılı aşkın tecrübesi ile her uygulama için mükemmel uyum ve yüksek kalite sağlar. Sono tanti i casi di femminicidio ogni anno in Italia, così come altrettanto tragico è il numero di donne vittime di violenze. Se avete il sospetto o conoscete una donna vittima di violenza, alcuni segnali psicologici ed esteriori potrebbero contribuire ad avvalorare il vostro presentimento. Se la donna in questione è una vostra parente o amica, nell’interloquire con lei prestate attenzione a suoi eventuali stati d’ansia, attacchi di panico, depressione stress, perdita di autostima, autocolpevolizzazione; e a segni fisici come bruciature, lividi, contusioni, fratture, aborti spontanei, disordini alimentari. Approcciatevi direttamente con lei, chiedendole se subisce violenze, dicendole che credete in ciò che sta raccontando. Fatele capire che la violenza non va giustificata e non stupitevi del fatto che la vittima possa avere sentimenti contrastanti verso il suo carnefice (spesso si tratta del marito, del convivente o dell’ex), contrapponendo, nei suoi confronti, stima e odio, volontà di chiudere la relazione e speranza di riconciliazione, amore e paura.
|
34 | 1 | 3 |
و با میزان کمتری سم برای افراد می شناسند. چراکه به طور طبیعی در غذا و خاک ما وجود دارد و بخشی از بیوشیمی طبیعی انسان است، اما تنفس در گرد و غبار گوگرد می تواند عضوهای تنفسی را تحریک و موجب سرفه شود. "
وی افزود:"ما باید بهتر درک کنیم که چگونه مردم در معرض گوگردی که در کشاورزی استفاده می شود ، قرار می گیرند و چگونه با آن مقابله کنیم. "
برای مطالعه، تیم تحقیقاتی، ارتباط بین عملکرد ریه و علائم تنفسی مربوط به آسم را در صدها کودک که در نزدیکی مزارعی که در آن ها سولفور استفاده شده بود، مورد بررسی قرار داد. به طوری که در این بررسی مرکز ارزیابی سلامت مادران و کودکان سالیناس (CHAMACOS) (۳)، شرکت داشت. CHAMACOS تحقیقاتی در مورد آفت کش ها و دیگر اثرات زیست محیطی در میان کودکان جامعه کشاورزی انجام داده است.
این تحقیق به ارتباط کاهش سلامت تنفسی و استفاده از گوگرد در نزدیکی محل اقامت، پی برده است. به طوری که افزایش ۱۰ برابر مقدار تخمین زده شده گوگرد مورد استفاده در یک کیلومتری محل اقامت کودکان در سال قبل از ارزیابی بیماران مبتلا به علائم ریوی (۴) با افزایش ۳,۵ درصدی در مصرف داروهای آسم و افزایش دو برابری در نشانه های تنفسی همچون خس خس سینه و تنگی نفس همراه بود.
این مطالعه همچنین دریافت که هر ۱۰ برابر افزایش مقدار گوگرد در ۱۲ ماه گذشته در شعاع یک کیلومتری خانه، با کاهش میانگین ۱۴۳ میلی لیتر در ثانیه mL / s) ) حداکثر مقدار هوایی که کودکان ۷ ساله می توانند در یک ثانیه از ریه خارج کنند ، همراه بوده است.
برندا اسکنازی، نویسنده ارشد و پروفسور دانشکده بهداشت عمومی برکلی گفت:" این مطالعه اولین داده ها به طوریکه مطابق با گزارش های کارگران مزرعه را ارائه و نشان می دهد که احتمال اینکه ساکنین و کودکان نزدیک به محل استفاده گوگرد در فعالیت های کشاورزی به مشکلات تنفسی دچار شوند، بیشتر است."
همچنین با توجه به استفاده گسترده از گوگرد و (این نوع آفت کش ها) در سراسر جهان، نویسندگان این تحقیق خواستار فوری برای تحقیق بیشتر به منظور تأیید این یافته ها و یا تغییرات احتمالی در مقررات و روش های کاربردی برای محدود کردن اثرات استفاده از گوگرد روی سلامت تنفسی شده اند.
ترجمه: فرحناز سپهری
پی نوشت:
۱- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
۲- Environmental Protection Agency
۴- pulmonary evaluation: ارزیابی بیماران مبتلا به علائم ریوی عبارتند از: تاریخ، معاینه فیزیکی، و در بیشتر موارد، اشعه ایکس قفسه سینه. همچنین گاهی این عوامل نیازمند تست های بعدی هستند که ممکن است شامل تست عملکرد ریه یا سایر آزمایشات تصویربرداری قفسه سینه و برونکوسکوپی باشد. آقازادهای که مدرسهاش سالی 40 هزار دلار خرج دارد!/ ببینید
ملانیا ترامپ بانوی اول آمریکا خبر داد که پسرش بارون را در مدرسه خصوصی که سالانه 38590 دلار هزینه دارد ثبت نام کرده است.
تاریخ انتشار : شنبه ۳۰ ثور ۱۳۹۶ ساعت ۰۷:۵۵
بارون ترامپ از پاییز آینده تحصیل خود را در این مدرسه شروع خواهد کرد.
بارون 11 ساله تا پیش از این در نیویورک تحصیل می کرد و پس از تحلیف پدرش به عنوان رئیس جمهوری آمریکا، همراه مادرش در نیویورک زندگی می کرد.
دیلی میل نوشت: این خبر نشان می دهد که بالاخره در سال تحصیلی جدید همسر ترامپ و پسرش به واشنگتن خواهند آمد و در کاخ سفید زندگی خواهند کرد. 1. Make sure students have a clear understanding of schedules, due dates, and assignments. This is one of the most important skills educators should have in any classroom environment. But online, it’s imperative. When students understand how to navigate the course, they can focus their time understanding the material they’re there to learn.
2. Conduct an introductory student survey. In addition to a simple introduction, ask each student about learning styles, their preference in working in groups, or what forms of communications technology they feel most comfortable with. Use this information to tailor the way you deliver information to each class. “When students understand how to navigate a course, they can focus their time understanding the material they’re there to learn.”
The great advantage of online classes is that location is no longer an issue. That extends to relationships as well.
3. Be an active participant in the class. Answer questions within one business day. Comment on discussion boards. Praise students. Push the limits of their learning. Just because it’s not face-to-face doesn’t mean students can’t be fully engaged. And that starts with you.
4. Make the most of being online. You don’t have to limit class communication to one or two tools. There’s a world of technology out there that can facilitate relationships and learning. And when you’re already online, it’s right at your fingertips. Here are a few tools you may find useful:
What it is: a free, simple app that can be used to text up to 50 people in one group Use it to: send out reminders or discussion questions
You can find GroupMe at https://groupme.com/en-US/
What it is: a tool to record screencasts on your own computer Use it to: demo something for students from your desktop
You can find Screencast-O-Matic at https://screencast-o-matic.com/
What it is: An app that allows users to show and take control of someone else’s desktop in seconds Use it to: troubleshoot student issues or share your screen in real time “Praise students. Push the limits of their learning. Just because it’s not face-to-face doesn’t mean students can’t be fully engaged. And that starts with you.”
You can find Join.Me at https://www.join.me/ Sır alma makinası Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Arıcılık Terimi Olarak Sır alma makinası:
Petek sırlarını almaya yarayan elektrikli cihaz.
Benzer Arıcılık Terimleri:
Çiftleşme feromunu (kokusu): Ana arının çiftleşme uçuşu sırasında, erkek arıları cezbetmek için salgıladığı koku.
Oğul (yapay, suni): Koloni sayısını çoğaltmak veya koloniyi oğul eğiliminden vaz geçirmek için, kuvvetli arı ailesinin ballı, arılı ve yavrulu çerçevelerinin eşit olarak
Çiçek balı: Arıların çiçeklerden topladıkları balözünü kullanarak yaptıkları bal.
Organik arıcılık: Arı ürünlerinin, üretimden tüketime kadar tüm aşamalarında kimyasal ilaçlama yapmadan, organik tarım alanlarında veya doğal yapısı bozulmamış arı mera
Mandibular bez: Ana arı, işçi arı ve erkek arıların başlarında bulunan, ana arıda ana arı kokusu, işçi arılarda yavru gıdası ve alarm kokusu salgılayan, erkek arılard
Arı dansı: İşçi arıların temizlik, alarm, mesaj ile gıda kaynakları ve oğulların yeni yerleşim yerlerinin bildirilmesi gibi amaçlarla birbirleriyle iletişim kurm
Ana arı kokusu (Ana arı feromonu): Ana arıların başlarında bulunan mandibular bezlerinden salgıladıkları ve işçi arıların yumurtalıklarının gelişmesini ve kolonide yeni bir ana arı yeti
Koloni takip kartı: Her koloni için ayrı ayrı düzenlenen ve ait olduğu koloninin geçmişiyle ilgili bütün özelliklerinin ve gelişen yeni durumunun işlendiği kayıt kartı. Kapıcılar, apartmanda temizlik ve bakım, günlük işlerin görülmesi gibi işlere bakıyor. Peki, kapıcılara ne kadar maaş ödeniyor? Kapıcı maaşı 2018 ne kadar oldu?
Kapıcılar, apartmanda temizlik ve bakım, günlük işlerin görülmesi gibi işlere bakıyor. Kapıcılar haftada 45 saat çalış
|
34 | 2 | 0 |
رمز اضطراری می گیرند اما با وجود تلاش راننده پیرمرد روی ریل می افتد و به زیر قطار می رود.آنها به داد پیرمرد رسیده و او را از زیر قطار زنده بیرون کشیدند.
"شانتوش کومار" از بازرسی قطار در این باره گفت: ما به شهروندان هشدار می دهیم اما آنها بی توجهی می کنند و باعث بروز چنین حوادثی می شوند ما کمک های اولیه را به این مرد دادیم و خوشبختانه او نجات یافت. ABD’deki Tufts Üniversitesi'nden araştırmacılar, az miktarda et veya süt ürünü tüketmenin kadınlarda sağlıklı yaşlanmayı destekleyebileceğini buldu.
Otuz yıl boyunca 48.000'den fazla kadın üzerinde yapılan bir araştırmada, çoğunlukla sebze ve fasulye gibi bitkisel protein kaynakları tüketen, ancak az miktarda hayvansal protein tüketen kadınların yaşlandıkça daha sağlıklı olma ihtimalinin yüzde 46 daha fazla olduğu görüldü.
Ekip, kalp hastalığı, kanser, diyabet ve bilişsel gerileme bulgularının da azaldığını buldu.
Bu çalışma, son yıllarda hayvansal proteinin, çoğunlukla bitkisel bazlı bir diyette bile, kronik hastalıklardan korunmak için çok önemli olduğunu öne süren pek çok çalışmadan biri.
Araştırmanın başından isim olan Tufts Üniversitesi'nden gıda bilimcisi Dr. Andres Ardisson Korat, "Orta yaşlarda proteininizin büyük bir kısmını bitki kaynaklarından ve az miktarda hayvansal proteinden almak, ileri yaşlarda iyi bir sağlığa ve iyi bir hayatta kalmaya yardımcı oluyor gibi görünüyor." dedi.
KADINLAR HAKKINDAKİ VERİLER İNCELENDİ
Veriler, 1984'ten 2016'ya kadar kadın sağlık çalışanlarını takip eden Harvard Üniversitesi Hemşire Sağlığı Araştırması'ndan toplandı.
Araştırmanın başlangıcında kadınlar 38 ila 59 yaşları arasındaydı ve önceden herhangi bir fiziksel ya da zihinsel sağlık sorunları yoktu.
Ekip her dört yılda bir, katılımcılardan hangi protein kaynaklarını yediklerine ilişkin kendilerinin bildirdiği anketler topladı.
Daha sonra 11 kronik hastalığa yakalanmayan veya fiziksel ya da zihinsel sağlığı daha kötü olan kadınların diyetlerini, bu hastalığa sahip olanların diyetleriyle karşılaştırdılar.
Proteinlerinin çoğunu bitkisel kaynaklardan (sebze, meyve, kuruyemiş, fasulye ve makarna dahil) alan kadınların yaşlandıkça sağlıklı olma olasılıkları yüzde 46 daha fazlaydı.
Bu kişilerin, aralarında kalp hastalığı, felç, böbrek yetmezliği, kanser ve Parkinson'un da bulunduğu 11 kronik hastalıktan kurtulma olasılıkları da daha yüksekti.
Ancak çoğunlukla hayvansal protein (sığır eti, tavuk, süt, balık ve peynir) tüketenlerin yaşlandıkça sağlıklı kalma olasılıkları ise yüzde altı azaldı. the verbal act of naming
"the part he failed was the naming of state capitals"
appointment, assignment, designation, naming(adj)
the act of putting a person into a non-elective position
"the appointment had to be approved by the whole committee"
inclined to or serving for the giving of names
"the appellative faculty of children"; "the appellative function of some primitive rites"
A ritual or ceremony in which a name is given to a person.
The process of giving names to things.
The act of announcing the name of a person, organization etc.
The newspaper has a policy against naming its sources.
Associated with the process of giving a name to a person or thing.
Naming is a procedure in the British House of Commons, Australian House of Representatives and the New Zealand Parliament, whereby the Speaker or one of his deputies proposes a vote on the suspension of a member of the House if the Speaker believes that he has broken the rules of conduct of the House. Usually this is only done if the member has already been ordered to leave the House and refused to do so, or has committed a serious breach of conduct, and carries a suspension of up to five days and the loss of the Member's salary during that period. The Speaker or Deputy Speaker declares "I name", followed by the name of the member, and then puts the question, A division is not normally required since MPs will usually back the speaker's judgement. However, when John McDonnell was named by deputy speaker Alan Haselhurst on 15 January 2009 for manhandling the parliamentary mace a division was called because George Galloway and other members declared themselves with the Noes. A vote on the suspension was not held as the government refused to provide tellers.
The numerical value of naming in Chaldean Numerology is: 1
The numerical value of naming in Pythagorean Numerology is: 4
Examples of naming in a Sentence
Naming Moxy was a four-month process involving a great deal of brainstorming, once we came up with it, we knew we had a name with emotional resonance that hit a global sweet spot.
People very close to him told us that he feared he was pre-dementia, that he had changed. You watch Donald Trump in the late 1980s, even in the 90s, you watch him now, he is completely changed, can we talk about the media again doing their own self-diagnosis of the problem?Like, youre not allowed to make any jokes right now about Jerry Nadler having an issue, but people like Joe Scarborough are allowed to go on national television and say that people have told Joe Scarborough without actually naming anybody, that the president is pre-dementia.
North Korea has usually tried to hide this facility by not naming it, sometimes it is unnamed; in other cases only the name of the plant manager was given.
Perhaps the most difficult issue facing the military council now through its political committee is getting agreement from the political spectrum and the community forces on the naming of a prime minister, the ball is in their court.
There may be a seductive belief that by naming a running mate, you can magically erase political deficits, but at the end of the day, voters select the person on the top of the ticket, not the understudy.
Popularity rank by frequency of use
Translations for naming
From our Multilingual Translation Dictionary
Get even more translations for naming »
Find a translation for the naming definition in other languages:
Select another language:
- - Select -
- 简体中文 (Chinese - Simplified)
- 繁體中文 (Chinese - Traditional)
- Español (Spanish)
- Esperanto (Esperanto)
- 日本語 (Japanese)
- Português (Portuguese)
- Deutsch (German)
- العربية (Arabic)
- Français (French)
- Русский (Russian)
- ಕನ್ನಡ (Kannada)
- 한국어 (Korean)
- עברית (Hebrew)
- Gaeilge (Irish)
- Українська (Ukrainian)
- اردو (Urdu)
- Magyar (Hungarian)
- मानक हिन्दी (Hindi)
- Indonesia (Indonesian)
- Italiano (Italian)
- தமிழ் (Tamil)
- Türkçe (Turkish)
- తెలుగు (Telugu)
- ภาษาไทย (Thai)
- Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)
- Čeština (Czech)
- Polski (Polish)
- Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)
- Românește (Romanian)
- Nederlands (Dutch)
- Ελληνικά (Greek)
- Latinum (Latin)
- Svenska (Swedish)
- Dansk (Danish)
- Suomi (Finnish)
- فارسی (Persian)
- ייִדיש (Yiddish)
- հայերեն (Armenian)
- Norsk (Norwegian)
- English (English) Il famoso sabato c'è stato uno spettacolo dell'ultima collezione di un produttore di abbigliamento locale. L'evento ha attirato un gran numero di spettatori che hanno deciso di vedere cosa hanno creato i designer per la stagione associata. Potremmo trovare anche alcune celebrità, giornalisti e politici tra il pubblico.Lo spettacolo è stato raffinato nel fatto più lungo e tutto si è concluso senza ostacoli. In superficie, potremmo ammirare modelli che presentano meravigliosi abiti estivi fatti a mano. Per la loro realizzazione sono stati utilizzati solo tessuti modesti e leggeri con colori enormi e colorati, tra cui cotone, lino e seta. Il nostro giornalista era per lo più coperto di gonne lunghe ariose e colorate, completamente all'uncinetto. Tra loro c'erano anche il pizzo, abiti romantici e camicette con rouches e bikini ricamato. Per i vestiti caldi, i designer hanno proposto cappelli intrecciati da donna a tesa larga, decorati con pizzi e fiori attraenti.Dopo lo spettacolo, ha avuto luogo l'asta di un bellissimo abito da sposa preparato anche per questo senso di colpa. L'abito è stato dato a una persona che vorrei rimanere anonima. Inoltre, sono stati messi all'asta diversi abiti della collezione più interessante. Il reddito raccolto da questa asta sarà noto per la casa dei bambini. Va sottolineato che il nome supporta volentieri varie azioni legali e pratiche. I suoi utenti hanno ripetutamente lasciato i propri prodotti per le aste e quando il soggetto dell'asta era persino una visita in una delle fabbriche.Un portavoce della compagnia ci ha detto che la collezione più moderna arriverà nello stabilimento all'inizio di maggio. Inoltre, ha annunciato che la società vuole creare un negozio online in cui le collezioni diverse da quelle del commercio fisso sarebbero appropriate.Dopotutto, il marchio di abbigliamento di famiglia è uno dei maggiori produttori di abbigliamento. Ha diverse fabbriche in tutta la regione. Impiega diverse migliaia di dipendenti, tra cui molti dei migliori sarti, sarti e architetti del passato. Ogni tanto questo nome lega le collezioni in collaborazione con grandi designer polacchi. Queste collezioni, ovviamente, si preparano con incredibile riconoscimento che anche prima di lanciare il negozio, coloro che erano disposti ad alzarsi la mattina in lunghe file. Queste collezioni passeggiano in una bella giornata.I prodotti di questa azienda da molti anni pascolano con grande successo tra gli utenti, anche nel mondo e all'estero. Scrivendo su di lei, non manca di menzionare la grande soddisfazione che ha ricevuto e che include che i materiali sono della massima qualità.
Vedi il nostro negozio: abbigliamento medico monouso
里根總統的偉大人生
曹長青
今天是美國總統里根去世10週年紀念日。里根是一個極有魅力的人物。他的理念、勇氣、幽默、俠骨柔情等等，都是多數政治領袖所缺乏的。他是一個“美國精神、美國價值、美國樂觀、美國信心、美國夢想”的具體體現。
美國輿論把里根評入“二十世紀最偉大的美國總統”，和羅斯福並列。美國“傳統基金會”研究員、第一本里根政治傳記作者李．愛德華茲（Lee Edwards）寫道，“二十世紀的前50年常被說成是羅斯福時代，而后50年將會被稱為里根時代。”“美國企業研究所”研究自由問題的專家邁克．萊丁（Michael Ledeen）則評價說，美國建國二百年來，“有四位偉大的總統，從根本上改變了世界，他們是：華盛頓，林肯，羅斯福，里根。”（我個人認為《獨立宣言》和《美國憲法》的主要起草人傑佛遜最偉大）。
但里根為什麼被評價到如此高度？他有哪些特質征服了評論家、史學家和美國人民？我覺得至少有這樣四個：
第一，里根的智慧。
這首先體現在對共產邪惡有清楚的認知。早
|
34 | 2 | 1 |
ving Maxwell's theories
After completing his doctorate, Lodge worked with the Irish physicist George Francis Fitzgerald to clarify the implications of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, and to explore the way in which electromagnetic waves could be generated from circuitry. At that time, however, Fitzgerald did not believe such waves could be produced, and Lodge, in deference to Fitzgerald's judgment, temporarily gave up his attempt to produce them. In 1883, Fitzgerald reversed his own position and calculated the energy of the waves that could be generated by electromagnetic oscillations.
In the late 1880s, Lodge became interested in lightning, and believed that lightning rods would fail to work because of a phenomenon called inductance, which opposes the unfettered conduction of electricity in even good conductors such as copper. As a result, he insisted that a lightning bolt will not always take the path of least electrical resistance offered by a lightning rod. He experimented with the leyden jar, a simple device that holds a static electric charge, and compared its discharge in the form of a spark with lightning. While some of his ideas in this regard proved to be mistaken, they led to his discovery of electromagnetic waves.
Discovery of radio waves
During a series of lectures on lightning he gave in 1888, Lodge realized that he could create what are called standing electromagnetic waves along a wire in much the same way as a single note and its overtones are produced in a musical instrument. These were radio waves, which were like light waves but of a much lower frequency.
In July of 1888 Lodge submitted his results for publication in the form of a paper titled "On the Theory of Lightning Conductors," in which he clearly discusses the velocity, frequency, and wavelength of electromagnetic waves produced and detected in a circuit. Before the paper went to print, however, he discovered that Hertz had already published a memoir in which he described his efforts to generate and detect waves transmitted across space. Lodge credited Hertz in a postscript to his own paper, which was published later that year.
In a well-publicized lecture in 1894 on the work of Hertz, who had passed away earlier that year, Lodge demonstrated the possibility of using electromagnetic waves as a medium of communication. He then formed a partnership with Alexander Muirhead, an electrical engineer, to develop commercial applications for his discoveries.
Lodge the businessman
Lodge, alone and in conjunction with Muirhead, patented several inventions relating to radio communication in Great Britain and in the United States. The two men formed the Muirhead Syndicate in 1901 to manufacture radio equipment, but in 1911, their patents were bought out by radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi and the partnership was dissolved. In 1943, the United States Supreme Court relieved Marconi of some of his U.S. patents in favor of Lodge and other early inventors of radio technology.
In 1900 Lodge moved from Liverpool back to the Midlands and became the first principal of the new Birmingham University, remaining there until his retirement in 1919. Lodge was awarded the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society in 1898 and was knighted by King Edward VII in 1902.
In 1917 and 1918, Lodge engaged in a debate with Arthur Eddington over the validity of Albert Einstein's theory of relativity. Lodge proposed his own theory, called the "electrical theory of matter," by which he hoped to explain relativistic phenomena such as the increase of mass with velocity.
Lodge continued to write and lecture in the remaining years of his life, particularly on life after death. He died on August 22, 1940, and is buried at St. Michael’s Church, Wilsford (Lake), Wiltshire.
To create a detector of radio waves that was more sensitive than a spark gap, Lodge improved a device invented by Edouard Branly. It is called a coherer because it relies on the fact that iron filings enclosed in a glass tube will clump together in the presence of radio waves and conduct electricity. Lodge devised a "trembler," which dislodged clumped filings and reset the device. The coherer served as an on-and-off switch triggered by radio waves, making it possible to transmit alphabetic characters in code.
On August 14, 1894, Lodge made what is often considered to be the first demonstration of broadcasting radio signals at the annual meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, at Oxford University. This was two years before Marconi's first broadcast of 1896. Lodge patented the moving-coil loudspeaker and the variable tuner and other devices he had invented in pursuit of perfecting radio technology in the latter part of the decade.
The spark plug
Lodge also made a major contribution to automotive engineering when he invented the electric spark plug for the internal combustion engine, called the "Lodge Igniter." Later, two of his sons developed his ideas and in 1903 founded Lodge Bros., which eventually became known as Lodge Plugs Ltd.
Electric theory of matter
Lodge generally opposed Einstein's special and general theories of relativity, and proposed his own, which he called "The electrical theory of matter." Through this theory, Lodge attempted to explain the deviations of Mercury's orbit around the Sun from what is predicted by Newton's theory. Lodge attributed the discrepancy to a kind of inertial drag generated by motion relative to the "ether," the hypothetical medium in which electromagnetic waves are propagated.
Lodge is also remembered for his studies of life after death. He first began to study psychical phenomena (chiefly telepathy) in the 1880s through the Society for Psychical Research. In the 1890s, Lodge participated in seances. He wrote several books based on his experiences with the paranormal, including one in 1890 in which he analyzed 22 sittings with a Mrs. Piper, an American psychic and spiritual medium. After his son, Raymond, was killed in World War I in 1915, Lodge visited several psychics and wrote about the experience in a number of books, including the best-selling Raymond, or Life and Death (1916). Altogether, he wrote more than 40 books on topics including the afterlife, aether, relativity, and electromagnetic theory.
Lodge was a member of the Society for Psychical Research and served as its president from 1901 to 1904. He was also a member of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.
In 1889, Lodge was appointed President of the Liverpool Physical Society, a position he held until 1893. The society still runs to this day, though under a student body.
Lodge was an active member of the Fabian Society and published two Fabian Tracts: Socialism & Individualism (1905) and Public Service versus Private Expenditure which he co-authored with Sidney Webb, George Bernard Shaw, and Sidney Ball.
In 1898 Lodge was awarded the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society of London. King Edward VII of Great Britain knighted Lodge in 1902.
Sir Oliver Lodge's letters and papers were divided after his death. Some were deposited at the University of Birmingham and the University of Liverpool and others at the Society for Psychical Research and the University College London. Lodge, who lived a long life, was a prolific letter writer and other letters of his survive in the personal papers of other individuals and in several other universities and other institutions.
Publications by Lodge
- Electric Theory of Matter (Oneill's Electronic Museum). Retrieved June 20, 2007.
- The Work of Hertz and Some of His Successors, 1894
- Relativity: A Very Elementary Exposition, 1925
- Ether, Encyclopedia Britannica, thirteenth edition, 1926.
- Ether and Reality
- Phantom Walls
- Past Years: An Autobiography
ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees
- Burns, Russell W. 2003. Communications: An International History of the Formative Years. London: Institution of Electrical Engineers. ISBN 0863413277
- Coe, Lewis. 1996. Wireless Radio: A Brief History. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, p. 5. ISBN 0786402598
- Davis, E. A., ed. 1997. Science in the Making. London: Taylor and Francis. ISBN 0748406425
- Eisenstaedt, Jean, and Kox, Anne J. 1992. Studies in the History of General Relativity. New York: Birkhäuser, pp. 62–65. ISBN 0817634797
- Garratt, G. R. M. 1994. The Early History of Radio: From Faraday to Marconi. London: Institution Electrical Engineers. ISBN 0852968450
- Hunt, Bruce J. 2005. The Maxwellians. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0801482348
- Oppenheim, Janet. 1985. The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850–1914. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521265053
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors rewrote and completed the Wikipedia article in accordance with New World Encyclopedia standards. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here:
The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia:
Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. اطلاعیه حق چاپ: تمام صفحات رنگ آمیزی توسط تصویرگران ما ایجاد شده و منحصراً برای غیر تجاری تایید شده برای استفاده (به عنوان مثال در مهدکودک های عمومی، مهدکودک ها، مدارس و غیره).
صفحات رنگ آمیزی تصاویر بهاری. این صفحه رنگ آمیزی را می توان به صورت پیش فرض به صورت فایل PNG یا JPG دانلود و با کیفیت خوب چاپ کرد. ما به تدریج در حال آماده سازی و در دسترس قرار دادن تصاویر رنگ آمیزی خود در قالب PDF بردار و آزادانه برای کیفیت چاپ بهتر هستیم. در زیر هر صفحه رنگ آمیزی به دنبال نماد "دانلود به عنوان PDF" بگردید.
اگر به استفاده تجاری یا ایجاد گرافیک جدید علاقه دارید، لطفاً به ما ایمیل بزنید. اطلاعات تماس را می توانید در بخش چاپ پیدا کنید. When choosing a grow light it is extremely important to remember that light is as important as water to your plants. It helps them produce chlorophyll and supports photosynthesis. Growing outside in natural sunlight plants receive a “full-spectrum” of light. Reds and blues are the colors at the ends of the spectrum that are key to plant health. Blue light directly affects chlorophyll production, creating strong leaves and stems. Red light is responsible for fruit and flower production and is especially important in the beginning stages of plant growth - seed and root development. Indoor growers seek to create a varied spectrum of lighting as optimally as possible to support their plants at different stages of growth. It’s all about choosing the right lighting for your grow.
There are many grow light choices available and several things to consider when you're choosing a grow light. Some of the things you need to consider are: Which one is best for you? Start off by considering a few key things such as your overall operating budget. How much money are you prepared to spend, both in the initial investment, and then the day to day operation? How much area are you lighting? How long will your lights be used? Are you planning a year-round garden? Will you have a perpetual (clone, veg, and flower) grow? What kind of plants are you growing?
As you can see, you need to put some thought into choosing a grow light.
This is a breakdown of some of the most common lighting options available and by no means a complete list of everything out there. We will discuss the different lighting types, their uses, and their pros and cons to help you narrow the field and determine which one is best for you.
T5 Fluorescent Tubes
This type of lighting is best for seedlings, clones and small plants, they run cool.
T5s typically come in two different lengths, 2 and 4 foot, and have 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 12 bulb fixture configurations. Obviously, if you’re growing a few small plants, you’ll be able to use a smaller set up (shorter length, 1 or 2 bulb fixture).
Color temperature is also a factor you’ll want to consider. As a general guideline when plants are in the vegetative stage use a 6500K bulb, which emits a bright light like on a summer day. In the flowering stage use a 3000K bulb, which is more like the light at the end of the day - sunset.
- Less expensive than most other types of grow lights.
- Covers a large area of lighting.
- Longer life in comparison to other types of light (+20,000 hours with very little decrease in efficiency).
- Runs cool. eliminating the need for ducting and ventilation.
- Not as effective in the vegetative and flowering stage as the other types of lights.
High-Intensity Discharge (HID)
This is a category of lighting that includes: Metal Halide (MH), High-Pressure Sodium (HPS), Double-Ended (DE), and Ceramic Metal Halide (CMH) lamps. These lights require a reflector/fixture, a ballast, and a lamp (often referred to as a bulb). These components are sold separately or purchased as a kit. Buying as a kit ensures compatibility. These lights emit the brightest light and produce high amounts of heat.
One of our favorite ballasts is the SolisTek 600/400W SE/DE Digital Ballast 120/240V.
- Lamps are dimmable in many instances so you can regulate and customize your lighting.
- A digital ballast will operate many types of HID lamps.
- Life span of these bulbs can range between 10,000-24,000 hours depending on the type.
- Produces much more usable light than a fluorescent.
- Lamps produce high heat - you’ll want ducting and ventilation.
- Higher energy costs.
- Requires additional equipment. Ballast and reflector. You may need different ballasts with different types of lamps (MH and HPS).
- Lamp effectiveness and efficiency lessen over time.
Metal Halide (MH)
- Emit a high output/high quality of light on the blue end of the spectrum (like hot summer sun).
- Especially effective in the vegetative stage in plant development.
- Lam
|
34 | 2 | 2 |
dog’s diet or lifestyle.
A dog with obstipation will be extremely uncomfortable and try often but unsuccessfully to poop. Without intervention, he will lose his appetite, become lethargic and begin to vomit.
Depending on the severity of the situation, intervention can mean IV fluids for hydration and an enema to clear the colon -- or it can mean the dog must be fully anesthetized for a manual cleanout. Often, a second round is required to remove stool that was packed into inaccessible areas of the bowel during the first procedure.
In intractable cases, surgery may be necessary. A colectomy is an operation in which part of the bowel is removed and / or bowel abnormalities are corrected. This option is typically used in cases of obstipation caused by an injury to the colon, a neuromuscular disorder, tumours or pelvic disorders that impact the colon.
Tips for Pups that Can't Poop
These recommendations are intended for dogs that are experiencing a minor, transient bout of constipation. If your pet’s condition is ongoing or chronic, or if you aren’t sure of the cause, your best option is to call your vet for guidance.
- Digestive enzymes and probiotics. Both these supplements will help with mal-digestion, which is often the cause of intermittent bouts of constipation as well as diarrhoea. We recommend natural liquid probiotics for this purpose.
- Plenty of exercise; plenty of clean, fresh drinking water. The bodies of all animals need to move to keep things moving, including stool through the colon. Regular physical activity and adequate amounts of fresh, clean drinking water can prevent or remedy doggy constipation.
- Additional dietary fibre. In the wild, the fur on a dog’s prey provides fibre in his diet. Needless to say, domesticated dogs don’t get a lot of fur in their meals! Good sources of fibre for your fur kids include:
- Psyllium husk powder
- Ground dark green leafy veggies
- Coconut fibre
- Cooked pumpkin, sweet potato or butter nut
- Organic apple cider vinegar (ACV). Organic ACV is a bit of a natural wonder drug, in that it can alleviate a wide variety of conditions in both people and pets. It is well known to improve digestion, including relieving constipation.
- Aloe juice (not the topical gel)
As with most conditions, the most healthful natural diet will improve the pet’s overall health.
The information provided in this article does not provide or offer medical advice for you or your fur kids. The content we provide is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment from your doctor or veterinarian. Always seek the advice of your veterinarian or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition for your fur kids. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on our site, in this document or those we reference.
Before feeding a pet with a medical condition one of our natural diets, please check with your veterinarian first to make sure the diet does not compromise your pet’s health care.
Principal Natural Solutions
When feeding your fur kids raw bone meals, such as whole chicken wings, whole chicken carcass, whole chicken necks and pork bones, the smaller the breed, the higher the opportunity for constipation.
For small breeds, like our Boston’s, we have to plan their raw bony meals and keep a portion cooked sweet potato or butternut in the fridge to feed as part of the days feeding schedule. We will typically feed the raw meaty bones over weekends when we can supervise them, feed the bones in the morning, and then mix the cooked sweet potato or butternut into the dinner meal.
There are herbal treatments available as well when sweet potato, pumpkin or butternut is in short supply:
- Slippery Elm is the best herb for treating constipation or diarrhoea. It is a soothing nutritive herb that coats and soothes the digestive tract and intestinal walls. This herb also provides mucilage that can reduce irritation of intestinal tissues, and help maintain regular elimination patterns.
- Chickweed is also a safe herb useful for its soothing and lubricating properties. While recommended to assist in the treatment of constipation, it may also be useful for control hairballs.
- Dandelion is known as the herbal electrolyte. It is useful of its ability to stimulate the liver, as a diuretic, and for its anti-inflammatory properties. Dandelion also assist pets with constipation. Be sure to feed only the true medicinal Dandelion “Taraxacum officinale”, and not the indigenous sub-species which grows throughout Southern Africa in paddocks and along roadsides. The sub-species has a flat rosette of leaves that grow close to the ground, whereas the true medicinal Dandelion “Taraxacum officinale” has soft leaves that grow upward away from the ground, with long and thin individual flower stems. The sub-species is toxic and can cause a string-halt type of lameness if eaten too much.
Supporting Natural Solutions
- Chickweed, dandelion root, Oregon grape, slippery elm, yellow dock
Additional Articles and Videos
Good reference articles & videos further reading available at:
- Dr Karen Becker - Your Pet's Elimination Habits: What's Normal and What's Not? (http://healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2010/11/11/constipation-in-pet-dogs.aspx)
Dr Karen Becker discuss Feline Constipation Symptoms & Treatment (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thN_D5Kg_T8)
Dr. Karen Becker Discusses Megacolon (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nltH9RIcMhQ) 赢咖3官网(www.52djq.com)据一位财经媒体记者称，当年在王珉的力推之下，引进民营企业建龙集团参股改制通钢集团。也就在双方谈判焦灼时期，王珉两次调研通钢，并答允建龙相关条件。
赢咖3官网其中，城市老年人有 91.25%领取养老金，且71.93%老年人的最主要生活来源是养老金，像机关事业单位离退休老年人月平均养老金为3175元。“也就是说，养老金基本可以保障他们的生活”，中国人民大学老年学研究所所长杜鹏表示。
凭借“准奥斯卡”级别的制作团队，电影《荒野猎人》不但让亚利桑德罗·冈萨雷斯·伊纳里多蝉联最佳导演，还结束了“小李子”陪跑22年的老梗。影片改编自迈克尔·庞克的同名小说，原著小说出版于2002年，当时第一版只卖出了15000本，电影开拍前已经成了绝版书。
中国火星进入器、探测器的大小和结构，与先前登月的嫦娥和月兔相似，又有不同。目前，包括通讯、着陆以及应付火星极端环境的各项技术准备都在进行。 Tuhaf Bir Sihir izle
02 Ekim 2015 tarihinde gösterime girecek olan filmin yönetmenliğini Gary Rydstrom üstlenirken başrollerinde Peter Stormare ve Bob Einstein yer almakta...
Yönetmen: Gary Rydstrom
Oyuncular: Peter Stormare, Bob Einstein, Maya Rudolph, Alfred Molina, Kristin Chenoweth, Sam Palladio, Meredith Anne Bull, Elijah Kelley, Evan Rachel Wood, Alan Cumming Debating special education
- Michael Farrell.
- London ; New York : Routledge, 2010.
- Physical description
- 133 p. ; 24 cm.
Education Library (Cubberley)
|LC3950 .F37 2010||Unknown|
- Farrell, Michael, 1948-
- Includes bibliographical references (p. -128) and index.
- 1. Introduction 2. Sociological criticisms 3. Rights base criticisms and contested values 4. Postmodern and related criticisms 5. Limitations of the special education knowledge base 6. The unhelpfulness of classification 7. Problems with assessment 8. Negative effects of labelling 9. Professional limitations 10. Lack of distinctive provision 11. The alternative of inclusion as mainstreaming 12. Conclusion.
- (source: Nielsen Book Data)
- Publisher's Summary
- Debating Special Education is a provocative yet timely book examining a range of criticisms made of special education in recent years. Michael Farrell analyses several key debates in special education giving balanced critical responses to inform policy and practice for the future of special education. The book identifies possible limitations to the current special education knowledge base and provision. Michael Farrell examines the value of labelling and classification, and asks if intelligence testing may have detrimental effects; and addresses a number of complex issues such as: how practitioners work within special education; and if, sometimes, professionals may be self-serving whether there is distinctive provision for different types of disabilities and disorders inclusion as mainstreaming offered as an alternative to special education, and the challenges this presents. The author's conclusion is that in responding to these challenges, special education demonstrates its continuing relevance and strength. Presenting a range of international, cross-disciplinary perspectives and debates - which are vital to an understanding of special education today, and written in Farrell's typically accessible style - this book will be relevant for teachers of special children in ordinary and special schools; those on teacher training courses and anyone whose work relates to special education.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)
- Publication date
- 9780415567299 (hbk : alk. paper)
- 0415567297 (hbk : alk. paper)
- 9780415567282 (pbk : alk. paper)
- 0415567289 (pbk : alk. paper)
- 9780203852453 (ebook)
- 0203852451 (ebook)
Browse related items
Start at call number: - Bacterial soft rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum), caused by Pectobacterium and Dickeya species, is among the most common and destructive potato diseases in the United States. These pathogens cause a variety of vascular wilts, and in potato cause a disease complex that includes tuber soft rot, blackleg, aerial stem rot, and lenticel rot. The Columbia Basin of Northeastern Oregon and Southwestern Washington is a valuable potato producing region. Two projects were conducted at the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center in Hermiston, Oregon, to address knowledge gaps surrounding soft rot of potato.
The distribution and identities of the multiple bacterial pathogens that cause soft rot of potato has not been recently characterized in the Columbia Basin. The first project was conducted to characterize the genetic diversity of soft rot pathogens of potato in the Columbia Basin. In 2018 and 2019, 25 and 120 diseased plant samples, respectively, that exhibited symptoms of soft rot and originated from the Columbia Basin were received and analyzed using diagnostic PCR assays to identify the isolates. Fifty-four soft rot pathogens were detected in 51 of the samples, that included P. carotovorum (61.1%), P. atrosepticum (20.4%), Dickeya species (5.6%), P. parmentieri (9.3%), and P. brasiliense (3.7%). Twenty-eight bacterial isolates were obtained in culture, although no Dickeya spp. were recovered. The identity of these isolates was confirmed through a phylogenetic assessment of dnaX, pelY, and 16s rRNA sequences. We found that in 2018 and 2019, the soft rot pathogens of potato that were present in the Columbia Basin were P. carotovorum, P. atrosepticum, P. brasiliense, and P. parmentieri. We concluded that although Dickeya spp. may be present, Pectobacterium spp. were the dominant pathogens associated with soft rot of potato in the Columbia Basin in 2018 and 2019.
Potato yield loss associated with seed-borne infections of soft rot pathogens has not been recently estimated. The second project was conducted to determine the yield losses associated with seed-borne soft rot infections to determine how potato yields vary as a function of inoculum prevalence in seed potato in Eastern Oregon. In 2018, potato seed of ‘Lamoka’ and ‘Russet Burbank’ cultivars were inoculated with Pectobacterium carotovorum and Dickeya chrysanthemi and in 2019, potato seed of ‘Lamoka’ and ‘Russet Burbank’ cultivars were inoculated with Pectobacterium atrosepticum and Pectobacterium parmentieri. In each year, inoculated and non-inoculated seed potato was mixed to create planting stock with 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% incidence of soft rot. The resulting 20 treatments (2 cultivars x 2 strains x 5 doses of inoculum) were planted in the field and managed using grower practices typical for the region. Emergence, plant health, and blackleg incidence was monitored throughout the growing season. Potatoes from each plot were harvested, graded, and total yield for each plot was calculated by weight. We observed that an increase of bacterial inoculum in the potato seed lead to lower emergence rates for the ‘Lamoka’ cultivar treatments in 2018. Lower rates of emergence lead to lower yields. We did not observe effects of the treatments in either year on plant health. Based on the results of this study, in Eastern Oregon, a 0- 30% incidence of soft rot bacteria in ‘Russet Burbank’ cultivar potato seed does not contribute to lowered emergence, plant health, or yield. A 5 - 30% incidence of soft rot bacteria in ‘Lamoka’ seed may impact plant emergence and yield. Tente è stata una linea di costruzionigiocattolo lanciata nel 1972 da Exin-Lines Bros S.A., una società che produceva plastica e giocattoli con sede in Barcellona , ( Spagna ) che ha cessato l'attività nel 1993. Dopodiché il marchio e i diritti sono stati acquisiti da Educa Borras che utilizzò il marchio fino al 2007. Come per altri marchi più celebri (ad esempio LEGO ) le costruzionigiocattolo consistevano in piccoli blocchi di plastica incastrabili, con l'aggiunta di ruote, piccoli personaggi e vari altriaccessori.
Tente era per lo più specializzata in giocattoli militari come elicotteri, carriarmati, navi da guerra e missili e di conseguenza i personaggi erano per lo più soldatini, pur sempre a incastro.
Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Tente
(ES) La Tente Teca - Sito di fan nostalgici del march
|
34 | 2 | 3 |
هست، بانک مرکزی میزان بدهی را 6700 میلیارد تومان اعلام داشته هست. در این پرونده با بازداشت متهم و تحقیقات انجام شده، بعضی اموال به بانک شاکی انتقال یافته شده است و متهم نیز که با رضایت خود نسبت به انتقال اموال خود به شاکی اعطای وکالت نموده هست، مدعی است که مبلغ بدهی اعلامی از سوی بانک بر اساس ربح مرکب محاسبه شده است است و بدهی او صرفاً نسبت به اصل تسهیلات دریافتی هست؛ در برابر بانک شاکی با توجه به وقت اعطای تسهیلات و کم کردن قدرت خرید پول طی این سال ها، مبلغ بالاتری را مطالبه می نماید.
وی مشکلاتی از این دست و هم چنین ادعای ورشکستگی از سوی بدهکاران بانکی که در مسیر توقیف اموال و رد مال مشکلاتی را ایجاد می نماید، از جمله دلایل طولانی شدن پیگیری به پرونده های کلان مالی دانست. دادستان پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران از قضات دادسرای های پولی – بانکی و جرایم اقتصادی خواست در پیگیری به این پرونده ها تسریع به عمل آورند و تصمیمی را که امروز می توانند اتخاذ کنند به فردا موکول ننمایند.
دادستان پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران افزود: یکی از دلایل این که امروزه پرونده های بدهکاران بزرگ دچار اطاله شده، مسئله ارجاع به کارشناسی هست؛ به خاطر این که بانک ها جهت محاسبه مطالبات معوق، فرمول های خاص خود را دارند و بدهکاران نیز از قوانین و مصوبات مرتبط با بانک ها سوء استفاده نموده و با درخواست ورشکستگی از استرداد وجوه دریافتی خودداری می نمایند.
وی گفت: بعضی از اطاله ها به قدرت استنباط قاضی، سرعت قاضی در تحقیقات و وقت گذاشتن او برمی گردد، ولی باید توجه داشت پرونده ای که می شود رای داد و قرار نهایی صادر کرد، به آینده موکول نشود.
آخرین اوضاع پرونده های بانک سرمایه و ثامن الحجج
وی به پرونده بانک سرمایه و کارها دادسرا در این پرونده اشاره کرد و گفت: اخیراً در این پرونده سه نفر از متهمان بازداشت شده است اند. بخشی از اموال به بانک بازگشته و در خصوص یکی از متهمان به میزان 700 میلیارد تومان کیفرخواست صادر شده است است.
جعفری دولت آبادی هم چنین به کارها دادسرای پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران در پرونده مالی و اعتباری ثامن الحجج اشاره نمود و اظهار داشت: در این پرونده 1/267/000 نفر سپرده گذاری نموده و مجموع وجوه سپرده شده است 12 هزار میلیارد تومان هست. دادسرا ضمن پیگیری به اتهامات متهمان، به عنوان استرداد وجوه سپرده گذاران ورود کرده هست. هنوز 1200 میلیارد تومان تسهیلات پرداختی از بدهکاران وصول نشده، ولی 5330 میلیارد تومان سپرده به مردم مسترد گردیده و در حال حاضر 4400 میلیارد تومان بدهی باقی مانده است که مربوط به 5000 نفر سپرده گذار می باشد.
دادستان پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران از شناسایی 1400 ملک و توقیف 980 پلاک ثبتی و قیمت گذاری 103 دستگاه اتومبیل متعلق به تعاونی اعتباری ثامن الحجج خبر داد و در تبیین گستردگی اموال و کارها مالی موسسه مذکور، افزود: 8 شرکت فعال متعلق به این موسسه شناسایی شده است و اهمیت این شرکت ها به حدی است که یکی از این شرکت ها که در جزیره کیش فعالیت می نماید، ششصد میلیارد تومان ارزش دارد و 50 درصد سهام آن متعلق به متهم مهم پرونده هست، و تامین نیروی برق جزیره را بر عهده دارد. این امر نشان از صعوبت کارها دادسرا در پیگیری به این گونه پرونده ها دارد و هم چنین این پرسش را مطرح می سازد که آیا یک موسسه مالی و اعتباری باید در چنین حوزه هایی ورود کند.
دکتر جعفری دولت آبادی هم چنین از فروش 87 ملک متعلق به موسسه مالی اعتباری ثامن الحجج به مبلغ 186 میلیارد تومان از طریق مزایده و هم چنین فروش بعضی اقلام منقول مؤسسه به قیمت 10 میلیارد تومان خبر داد.
وی اعلام کرد در حال حاضر پرونده اتهامی مدیرعامل مؤسسه ثامن الحجج با صدور کیفرخواست در دادگاه کیفری استان پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران تحت پیگیری است
تداوم مبارزه با فساد
دادستان پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران در بیان عملکرد دادسرای پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران در مقابله با جرایم اقتصادی، از تعقیب 334 متهم و محکومیت و اجرای حکم نسبت به 962 محکوم اقتصادی خبر داد و از دولت خواست با نظارت زیاد بر عملکرد بانک ها و موسسات مالی و اعتباری و تقویت ساز و کارهای نظارتی، زمینه تشکیل چنین پرونده هایی را در قوه قضاییه کم کردن دهد.
جعفری دولت آبادی با اشاره به پرونده حقوق های نجومی اعلام کرد: در مورد این پرونده، اساسا عده ای مخالف پیگیری قضایی بودند و این عنوان را قبول نداشته و عنوان می کردند که مصوبه مجلس است ولی قوه قضاییه به این عنوان توجه نکرد و تا کنون دادستانی پایتخت کشور عزیزمان ایران 43 فقره کیفرخواست صادر کرده و 7 فقره نیز در شرف صدور کیفرخواست است.
وی در مورد پرونده اختلاسش از مدیریت اکتشافات شرکت ملی نفت کشور عزیزمان ایران سی نفر تحت تعقیب قرار گرفته و هفتاد میلیارد تومان اموال متهم شناسایی و توقیف شده است است.
کشف یک محموله بزرگ قاچاق مشروبات الکلی خارجی
دکتر جعفری دولت آبادی
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.