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��方必须依法经营,依法管理,并负责租用厂房内及公共区内安全、防火、防盗等工作,如发生违法行为,由乙方负责。
八、本合同有效期内,如国家或甲方、乙方有新的规划时,双方应配合新的规划执行,甲方须提前三个月通知乙方,甲、乙双方协商解决。
九、本合同有效期内,任何一方违约,对方都有权提出解除本合同。由此造成的经济损失,由违约方负责赔偿。
十、如发生自然灾害、不可抗力或意外事故,使本合同无法履行时,本合同自动解除。十一、本合同期满后,乙方需继续租用的,应于有效期满之前三个月提出续租要求。在同等条件下,乙方有优先承租权。
十二、本合同未尽事宜,由甲、乙双方协商解决。
十三、本合同一式贰份,甲、乙双方各执壹份,具有同等法律效力。由甲、乙双方代表签定之日起生效。
甲方(单位签章)：_________________乙方(单位签章)：_________________
______年______月______日______年______月______日
厂房出租合法合同4
甲方(出租方)：___________
身份证号码：___________
乙方(承租方)：___________
身份证号码：___________
根据国家有关规定甲乙双方在自愿平等的基础上，甲方将合法拥有的厂房，长寿区渡舟村9组大约七八百平方米厂房及共同使用院坝租赁乙方，合约条款如下：
一、租赁时间：从______年______月______日至______年______月______日止，共一年租金为25000元(大写：贰万伍仟元整)。
二、租金缴纳方式：先交后使用的原则，一次性缴清租金。
三、在租赁期间，如遇到政府，由甲方全权处理，乙方无条件搬出，该合同终止，不得以任何理由向政府提出任何赔偿，甲方应将合同期内未到期的租金退还乙方。
四、在租赁期间乙方使用所产生的水电及厂房维修等费用由乙方自行负责缴纳承担。
五、在合同期内乙方如有特殊情况需转让另方，必须通知甲方，得甲方认可，及履行补充手续方可合同生效。
六、合同期满后，甲方有权收回，若乙方需要续租，在同等互利的条件下，享有优先租赁权，未尽事宜，由双方协商解决。
七、合同约定到期前，甲乙双方提前半个月(15天内)相互通知，办理续租及撤出等事，及各租赁费用结清，如到期后不缴纳租金，视为放弃租赁权。
八、本合同一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，双方签字生效，均具同等法律效力。
甲方：______乙方：______
联系电话：______联系电话：______
______年______月______日______年______月______日
厂房出租合法合同5
甲方：______
身份证号码：______
乙方：______
身份证号码：______
经甲乙双方友好协商，达成如下协议：
一、甲方将位于______厂房(约______平方米)租给乙方使用，租用期限______年，从______年______月______日起至______年______月______日止，租金为______元/年(大写：______)，一年一付，先付后用。
二、乙方在租用期间，不得经营违法、违规行业，乙方经营所产生的一切税收或债权、债务等费用由乙方承担，与甲方无关。
三、乙方在租用期间不得损坏厂房的设施、设备，一切安全责任事故由乙方承担，与甲方无关。
四、乙方在经营期间，做好防火、防盗、消防工作，否则，由此产生的一切损失和责任由乙方承担，与甲方无关。
五、为保证双方友好互利的合作，乙方支付______元保证金给甲方，乙方在租赁期限内应爱护租赁物，因乙方使用不当造成租赁物损坏，乙方应负责维修，费用由乙方承担，租用期满后，租赁物无损坏，甲方退还乙方保证金。
六、本协议一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，签字生效，若有异议，可向当地仲裁机构提起上诉。
甲方(公章)：_________乙方(公章)：_________
法定代表人(签字)：_________法定代表人(签字)：_________
______年______月______日______年______月______日
厂房出租合法合同6
甲方（出租方）：__________
乙方（承租方）：__________
甲方将位于____________________厂房，面积约__________平方米，出租给乙方使用，经双方协商，达成如下协议：
一、厂房租期为__________年，（自__________年__________月__________日起至__________年__________月__________日止，全年租赁费为人民币__________元），每年的租赁费提前一个月一次性交清。
二、乙方在使用期间，厂房的水费、电费等一切费用（一切票据保留）均由乙方自行交纳。
三、在租期内乙方必须保证厂房完好无损，不得改变厂房主体结构。如有损坏，乙方负责维修或按价赔偿。乙方向甲方交纳厂房抵押金人民币__________元整（￥__________，租赁期满时，如厂房没有任何损坏，则甲方将抵押金一次性退还给乙方。）
四、乙方在租期内，应注意厂房的安全防火、防盗，如出现问题，由乙方自行负责，并赔偿给甲方所造成的`相应损失。
六、厂房到期前两个月，甲乙双方应重新协商，乙方如不继续租用，应按时离开，并将厂房完好交给甲方，甲方将验收厂房的完好性。
七、乙方不得利用此房从事任何违法活动，否则乙方承担全部后果。
八、如因乙方原因院内水泥地面造成破损，乙方应立即停止生产，维修路面，否则立即终止本合同，抵押金不退。
九、此协议一式两份，双方各持一份，自双方签字之日起生效。
甲方（签字）：__________乙方（签字）：__________
______年______月______日______年______月______日
厂房出租合法合同7
出租方（甲方）：__________
承租方（乙方）：__________
签订厂房租赁合同是常见的一项法律活动，为了尽可能保护企业承租厂房中的合法、合理利益，避免在租用过程中产生不必要争议，对于相关条款应明确约定，所以合同的签订一定要慎之又慎。
一、审查承租方与出租方的基本情况
1、对出租方主要应了解内容：
①租赁场所相关手续是否齐全。例：厂房是否有合法的产权证件是否属于共有产权是否能正常使用，不属于危险房屋之列是否属于违规建筑等。
②租赁物基本情况，如：租赁场所的位置、租赁场所实际有效使用面积、租赁场所功能、租赁场所设施设备等。
2、对承租方主要应了解的内容有：
①法律地位；
②经营范围；
③社会信誉；
④财务情况；
⑤履约能力即资金问题。
上述内容是双方基本情况的指标，应认真分析和判断。
二、租赁合同之租金及相关费用的条款
（一）租金
1、明确约定租金的支付方式，如以现金、汇票或是支票；实行按季支付制。
2、明确约定租金支付时间，每期于每季的几月几日支付租金。如果承租方在一定宽限期内没有按时支付，应支付迟延租金或违约金，或出租方有权解除合同。
3、约定出租方在租赁期间不得擅自提高租金。
（二）相关日常费用
租赁期间，承租方使用该租赁场所发生的水、电、燃气、通讯、设备、物业管理等费用的承担进行明确约定。
三、租赁合同之维修责任条款
为避免风险，应特别注意租赁合同中出租方对租赁物的维修责任，以及租赁场所及相关的配套设施和经营条件，以保障承租方正常经营。
出租方应负责租赁场所固有配套设施设备等的免费维修，在一定时间内未派员维修或未恢复正常使用的情况下，承租方自行维修产生的费用可直接从应付租金中予以扣除。
四、租赁合同之拆迁补偿归属条款
当前由于规划原因导致的拆迁经常发生，租赁合同中应对拆迁中相关补偿费进行详细约定，如一次性经营补助、搬迁补助等。
五、租赁合同之押金条款
在厂房租赁合同订立中，合同双方当事人都尽量避免
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iosity rovers claim that the earth as soon as had an ocean with an amount more than Earth’s Arctic Ocean. While the water likely shifted in the long run. Mars’ axial tilt—astronomers make use of the term “obliquity”—is wildly adjustable, therefore the big swings that are historical obliquity, which occur on time scales of thousands and thousands or maybe a million years, “could additionally result in worldwide redistributions of water,” says Dirk Schulze-Makuch, a teacher of astrobiology at Washington State University. Redistribution may explain area features that aim to have now been carved by operating water inside the previous million years, even after the big ocean disappeared.
Imagery obtained from orbit, going back to Viking, has revealed early early early morning fog and mist increasing through the flooring of Martian canyons, leading researchers to theorize that liquid water may nevertheless be caught underneath the area. (Schulze-Makuch even speculates that Martian organisms might draw water straight through the environment.) And final September, high-resolution pictures through the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter unveiled that right now, water—actually, brine that can stay fluid at cold temperatures—flows down high slopes within the Martian spring and summer time. سوال مخاطب نینیبان:
نوزادم دوازده روزشه ولی بعد از شیر خوردن آروغ نمی زنه ولی سکسکه می کنه. آیا مشکلی پیش میاد براش؟
پاسخ دکتر رویا طاهری تفتی، متخصص اطفال:
پس از شیردهی توصیه می شود 10 تا 20 دقیقه نوزاد در حالت عمودی قرار بگیرد و پشتش ماساژ داده شود تا با مشکلاتی مانند استفراغ مواجه نشود. اگر سکسکه نوزاد با مشکلات تنفسی و سفت شدن دست و پا همراه نباشد، مشکل خاصی نیست و می تواند طبیعی باشد اما اگر در هنگام سکسکه، دست و پا سفت می شود و چشم های نوزاد به سمت بالا حرکت می کند، می تواند نشانه تشنج نوزاد نیز باشد. Google Earth is an amazing tool for integrating some geography into a lesson. Users can investigate different locations, measure distance and area of a specific location using the ruler tool, or view different “voyages” submitted by experts and organizations. Voyager (the ship’s wheel icon) has many different possibilities for users to explore specific topics in a media rich project. (See our Google Earth 101 post for more info on Voyager)
The best part? Users can create their own!
Projects (the place mark icon) allows users to create immersive tours. (For those that previously used Tour Builder, this is similar but now integrated with Earth.) Users can direct viewers to different locations and present their information in an interactive project.
With Projects, users can:
- Choose and edit their locations including the views and images presented (3D mapping, street view, overview, etc)
- Add and edit text with links and references
- Add media (such as photos or videos) to enhance their content
- Collaborate with others (Projects can be shared, although there is no Version History available for this feature)
Why use this in the classroom?
- Offers the ability to create interactive presentations about anywhere in the world
- Foreign Language – create a history of the region or a mock travel guide
- Science – detail different landforms or geographic features
- Math – calculate distance or area of location(s)
- ELA – create a story map by retracing the locations in the book or the author’s biography
- Social Studies – collaborate on a class map about a period of history (travel routes such as the Silk Road, ancient civilizations, etc)
- Users can collaborate with others to create
- Helps reinforce geography concepts
- Open Earth and go to the placemark icon in the left menu
- Select “New Project”
- Title the project and add a description. The description will show up in Earth but not as part of your project.
- Share if you are collaborating with someone. (Click the Share icon above the title to share. To allow someone to view the presentation, you will give them view permissions – see Step 8 below.)
- Add your features – Click the “New Feature” to choose from the following list:
- Search to add place – Search as you would in Google Earth or Maps to add a location. Once you find the location you want, on the tile card you can choose to “Add to Project”
- Add placemark – Put a placemark anywhere on the map and add your information. (This is helpful when Google cannot find your specific request such as a shipwreck.)
- Draw line or shape – You can add lines connecting points or outline a shape around. (Some examples could be a line of travel you want to note or perhaps outlining a historic region that no longer exists.)
- Add folder – You can create folders for locations in your projects. (I have not found this to be as successful when presenting but the option is available if you are interested.)
- Fullscreen slide – A full screen overlay slide will be added to the project. (If you have looked at Voyager before these are very similar.)
- Tile overlay – Add an info tile to the side of the screen. Note: One will be available for each place/shape/line you add as well, this is a general overlay.
- Edit the features – For all features there will be some unique options. For all options you can preview each feature by clicking the “Preview” button in the upper right of the edit box.
- Places/Placemarks – Edit the title, description (Google’s info is a default you can remove), choose the size of the info box, the icon color and style, and manually adjust the view (there is a “capture this view) to the lower right of the edit box)
- Lines/Shapes – Edit the shape/points, choose the color of the outline/shading, add a tile overlay, and manually adjust the view
- Fullscreen slide/Tile overlay – Adjust the text and title of each as it is presented, and add media (if applicable)
- Finalize the project.
- Drag features to reorder in the presentation list (they will be presented in order)
- Click a feature – choose the pencil to edit, the preview eye to hide/unhide the feature, or the trash can to remove.
- Present your work and share with viewers – Click Present to open your presentation. Note: if you want to users to view on their own, you will have to change the sharing permissions to view for each individual or change the link settings. If you want someone to be able to edit the project, you will need to share as described in step 4.
Ready to get started?
These samples are available to WWCSD only:
- Landforms (Elementary/Middle) sample – the directions were to add 10 examples of different landforms and give a reason why it represents this landform. (Also featured in the video walkthrough below)
- Out-of-this-World Michigan Tour sample – the directions are to create a “tour guide” of Michigan for an extraterrestrial visitor to the state
Video walkthrough with the tips from above: 聚合阅读：
1月
酒与人们的生活息息相关，但又让人们琢磨不透，尤其是五花八门的名称和种类，更让人觉得仿佛雾里看花。比如市场上公开销售的原酒，就让不少消费者无法理解。究竟什么是原酒？原酒和原浆酒的区别是什么？原...
查看全文>> MuhteşemLEGO® Star Wars 75536 Range Trooper ile savaşa gir! Manyetik çizmeleri çalıştırmış gibi yap ve yaylı atıcılı güçlü silahı tak. Sonra savaş pozisyonuna getir ve aksiyona dalmaya hazırlan!
Elite Praetoria Muhafızı Savaş Paketi
Savaş becerilerini geliştirmek için eğitim yapan Elit Praetorian Muhafızlarına katıl! Star Wars™: Son Jedi filminden muhafızları döner platforma yerleştir ve raftan bir silah al. Sonra kimin kazanacağını görmek için döndür! Eğitim droidine karşı antrenman yaparak da becerilerini geliştirebilirler. En iyi muhafız kazansın! Revenue to Compensation Ratio
A company’s revenue is directly affected by the amount of compensation it pays its employees or labor force. Measuring the relationship between revenue and compensation figures in an accounting period using a financial analysis tool known as revenue-to-compensation or labor-to-revenue ratio can help you monitor how well your business is utilizing its human resources to generate sales. Using this tool can help you optimize overall profitability. Lack of knowledge about it can land your business in the red.
Revenue is the term used to refer to goods and services sold to customers. It is commonly used by financial analysts as a common denominator for computing various financial analysis ratios, because it represents the total volume of business transactions during a given accounting period. To get a more accurate ratio, use net sales, because it excludes sales returns and discounts. Derive the values used in computing labor-to-revenue ratios from your company's balance sheet at the end of each accounting period, which can be monthly, quarterly or yearly.
Labor is the term commonly used to refer to people who work for a business. In accounting, the term would not only include wages paid to workers but also life insurance, medical insurance, workers' compensation insurance, pension contributions, taxes on those wages and other benefits paid by the business. There are two classifications of labor – direct and indirect. Direct labor costs are those paid to employees directly involved in the manufacturing of goods or rendering of services to customers, such as factory assembly line workers. Indirect labor costs are payments made to workers not directly involved in producing goods or providing services, such as a janitors.
Labor-to-revenue ratio shows how much a company spends on its employees to generate net sales. Compute the figure by dividing labor cost by net sales for a given accounting period. The product of this formula is expressed in a decimal number, but multiplying the result by 100 converts it to percentage. For example, a company that paid $100,000 on payroll for a given month to generate $1 million in net sales will have a ratio of 0.10, or 10 percent.
The efficiency of a labor force increases as the labor-to-revenue ratio decreases, which is why a lower ratio is better for a business. The ratio by itself does not give you much information, but comparing the ratio against industry averages can give you an idea as to how well or how bad you are doing compared to similar businesses within an industry. Comparing the ratio against a company’s historical records can show if the labor force efficiency is deteriorating, improving or being maintained at the same level over a period of time.
- Stockbyte/Stockbyte/Getty Images FROUDE, James Anthony
Storico e letterato inglese, nato il 23 aprile 1818 a Dartington (Devon), dove morì il 20 ottobre 1894. Trascorse due anni molto infelici nella scuola di Westminster, ai quali, molto probabilmente, fa allusione nel romanzo Shadows of ihe Clouds, pubblicato sotto lo pseudonimo di Zeta (1847). Nel 1835 entrò a Oxford. A quel tempo, Oxford era agitata dal movimento dei tractarians; Richard F., fratello di James, era uno dei discepoli di Newman più in vista. James non sfuggì al fascino personale di Newman, alle cui Lives of the English Saints collaborò. Questi studî lo persuasero che egli non simpatizzava con la posizione dei tractarians, dai quali si separò presto. Le sue simpatie inclinavano piuttosto verso Carlyle e i pensatori tedeschi; e la pubblicazione del romanzo Nemesis of Faith (1849) mostra quanto si fosse allontanato dall'ortodossia. Il libro fu pubblicamente bruciato all'Exeter College. Dopo alcuni mesi prese moglie, e a Londra fece la conoscenza di Clough e di Emerson, e divenne amico intimo e seguace di Carlyle. Scrisse per le riviste articoli di storia e di letteratura, e cominciò l'opera alla quale doveva attendere tutta la sua vita: The History of England in the sixteenth Century in dodici volumi, che furono pubblicati a intervalli tra il 1856 e il 1870.
Il suo stile vivo ed efficace pone F. fra i grandi prosatori del secolo; ma il valore della sua opera dal punto di vista storico è sciupato dall'atteggiamento anti-cattolico dell'autore, e da una costante mancanza di esattezza. Egli aveva della storia un senso più pittoresco che scientifico, e, come Carlyle, dava più importanza all'uomo che ai movimenti. Quindi per lui Enrico VIII, come capo della Riforma, è un eroe, e davanti ai difetti di lui rimane cieco. Come essayist F. ha maggior talento; e i quattro volumi dei suoi Short Studies (1867-1883) hanno portato un vero contributo alla letteratura inglese. Tra i suoi saggi migliori citiamo England's Forgotten Worthies, The Book of Job, e The Oxford Counter-Reformation.
Nel 1860, essendogli morta la moglie, fece ritorno a Londra, dove per quattordici anni diresse il Fraser's Magazine. Nel 1865 si risposò. Nel 1869 pose mano all'opera The English in Ireland in the eighteenth Century (1872-1874), nella quale attacca la politica di Gladstone in Irlanda. Nel 1874 intraprese un viaggio semi-ufficiale nell'Africa del Sud per farvi un'inchiesta sulle difficoltà che attraversava la Confederazione. Nel 1878 scrisse una breve biografia di Bunyan. Designato da Carlyle come suo unico esecutore testamentario per l'edizione dei suoi scritti, pubblicò nel 1881 due volumi di Reminiscences of Carlyle; nel 1882 la History of the first forty years of Carlyle's life e, nel 1883, The Letters and Memorials of Jane Welsh Carlyle. F. è stato molto criticato per l'uso fatto del suo materiale (v. carlyle, Bibliografia). Nel 1881 visitò la Norvegia, nel 1884 l'Australia, nel 1886 le Indie Occidentali e in seguito a questi viaggi scrisse Romsdal Fiord; Oceana, or England and her Colonies, e The English in the West Indies, or the bow of Ulusses with Illustrations by the Author. Nel 1892 fu nominato Regius Professor di storia moderna a Oxford. Il suo Life and Letters oj Erasmus (1894), basato sulle lezioni da lui tenute, gli procurò vivaci attacchi.
Bibl.: H. Paul, The life of I. A. F., Londra 1905; L. Stephen, Studies
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ی ایران نتوانسته اند چنین کاری را انجام دهند تا مشتریان آنها راضی باشند. فویل آلومینیوم چیست؟
در حال حاضر استفاده از ظروف فویل آلومینیومی و بسته بندی مواد غذایی خانگی در داخل و خارج از کشور بسیار متداول می باشد.
اما به دلیل عادات مصرفی، مفاهیم مصرف، آگاهی و دلایل دیگر، زمینه های مصرف و سطوح مختلف کشورها و مناطق مختلف تفاوت های زیادی دارند و هنوز هم پتانسیل بسیار خوبی برای توسعه برنامه های کاربردی وجود دارد. ضروری است که با یک صدا در سطح جهان صحبت کنید، تجربه و پرونده های موفق را گسترش دهید، و از برنامه های آن دفاع و تبلیغ کنید.
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نمونه های توسعه بازار و کاربردهای شرکتهای مرتبط همچنین نشان می دهد که ظرف فست فود فویل آلومینیومی برای شرایط ملی چین مناسب است و می تواند وارد صنایع غذایی غذای آماده، توزیع و بسته بندی قبل و همچنین مصارف خانوادگی شود و می تواند جایگزین پلاستیک و جعبه های مواد غذایی کاغذی در مقادیر زیاد باشد.
می توان گفت که استفاده گسترده از سینی و ظروف مواد غذایی فویل آلومینیوم یک انتخاب مهم برای ترویج مصرف سبز، محافظت از ایمنی مواد غذایی، صرفه جویی در مواد غذایی است.
در مواد اولیه این نوع فویل ها ماده سمی وجود ندارد.
فویل آلومینیوم از آلیاژ آلومینیوم اصلی ساخته شده پس از فرآیند نورد، خود بدون فلز سنگین و سایر مواد مضر است. در فرآیند تولید فویل آلومینیوم، فرآیند ضدعفونی با دمای بالا اتخاذ می شود، به طوری که فویل آلومینیومی می تواند در تماس ایمن با مواد غذایی باشد، که باعث رشد باکتری ها نمی شود Il termine medico per bocca secca è xerostomia . Se hai un flusso salivare ridotto o un cambiamento nella composizione della saliva , allora queste condizioni possono portare alla secchezza delle fauci .
Una secchezza delle fauci può derivare dal consumo di alcol , fumo , depressione , russamento, ansia , stress , disidratazione e invecchiamento .
Inoltre, le donne incinte o le madri che allattano possono avere la bocca secca perché hanno cambiamenti ormonali e disidratazione .
Inoltre, questa condizione può essere causata da alcuni farmaci usati per trattare l’ansia e il dolore ai nervi noto anche come neuropatia e depressione . Anche gli antidolorifici, i miorilassanti , i decongestionanti e gli antistaminici possono causare secchezza delle fauci.
Danni ai nervi , malattie autoimmuni e diabete possono anche portare alla secchezza delle fauci .
Anche la radioterapia e la chemioterapia possono causare secchezza delle fauci . Questa condizione ha molti sintomi , come difficoltà a deglutire, parlare e masticare, alitosi , labbra screpolate, perdita del gusto, ulcere della bocca , sete eccessiva, lingua ruvida , saliva densa o fibrosa e sensazione di secchezza in bocca .
Hai una sensazione appiccicosa in bocca , che può essere irritante e scomoda. A volte le persone dicono di avere la bocca di cotone . Non dovresti masticare o fumare tabacco perché può ostacolare la produzione di saliva .
Inoltre, puoi fare i gargarismi con acqua salata tre o quattro volte al giorno. Ciò che è importante ricordare è che non dovresti respirare con la bocca . Dovresti respirare attraverso il naso .
Non dovresti consumare cibi acidi o piccanti perché irritano l’interno della bocca .
Inoltre, non dovresti mangiare troppi prodotti a base di zucchero perché aumenteranno il rischio di contrarre la carie . Molti rimedi casalinghi possono aiutarti a sbarazzarti della secchezza delle fauci . Nella maggior parte dei casi, dovresti usarli tutti i giorni, ma devi parlare con il tuo medico prima di prenderli.
Contenuti
8 Rimedio casalingo per la secchezza della bocca
Aumentare l’assunzione di liquidi
Una delle cause più comuni di secchezza delle fauci è la disidratazione . Devi aumentare l’ assunzione di liquidi perché in questo modo il tuo corpo sarà idratato [1].
Quando hai una normale idratazione , il tuo corpo produce più saliva, che può anche aiutarti a liberarti dei sintomi che senti. Dovresti consumare molta acqua ogni giorno. Se non bevi acqua o non puoi berla, dovresti succhiare piccoli pezzi di ghiaccio .
Dovresti mangiare pezzi di frutta e verdura parzialmente congelati a base di acqua, come cetriolo , ananas e anguria . Dovresti bere succhi di verdura lisci o succhi di frutta. Inoltre, dovresti includere l’acqua di cocco nella tua dieta. Dovresti bere uno o due bicchieri di acqua di cocco ogni giorno. Inoltre, dovresti aggiungere tisane nella tua dieta , come camomilla , tè verde , ecc. Dovresti mangiare zuppe e stufati, che sono cibi liquidi e morbidi. Dovresti evitare di bere alcolici , bibite e caffè perché questi tipi di bevande possono aumentare la disidratazione .
Aloe Vera
Questo è uno dei migliori rimedi casalinghi per la secchezza delle fauci . Può migliorare le papille gustative e proteggerà anche i tessuti sensibili della bocca . Dovresti bere ¼ di succo di Aloe Vera ogni giorno perché ti libererai di questo problema.
Inoltre, puoi usare il succo di Aloe Vera per sciacquarti la bocca . Dovresti eseguire questo processo più volte al giorno.
Inoltre, puoi applicare il gel puro di Aloe Vera intorno alla bocca . Dovresti eseguire questo metodo con un batuffolo di cotone. Dovresti lasciare che questo rimedio rimanga sulla tua bocca per un periodo di pochi minuti. Quindi, dovresti sciacquarti la bocca con acqua fredda. Dovresti eseguire questo processo due o tre volte al giorno. [2]
pepe di Caienna
Se soffri di secchezza delle fauci , allora dovresti usare il pepe di cayenna perché stimola la produzione di saliva. Inoltre, rafforzerà le papille gustative, il che significa che puoi distinguere meglio i sapori amari, salati, dolci e aspri.
Dovresti bagnare il dito e poi dovresti metterci sopra una piccola quantità di pepe di cayenna macinato. Dovresti strofinare la lingua con questo rimedio. Nei primi momenti può provocare una sensazione di bruciore , ma questo rimedio aiuterà a stimolare le ghiandole salivari .
Inoltre, puoi aggiungere il pepe di cayenna nelle tue insalate , zuppe e altri piatti. Inoltre, puoi usare le capsule di pepe di cayenna , ma devi parlare con il tuo medico prima di iniziare a usarlo. [3]
Olio di semi d’uva
Questo è anche un rimedio casalingo molto efficace se vuoi eliminare i sintomi di questa malattia . Può mantenere la bocca umida per un lungo periodo e aiuterà anche a ricoprire la bocca perché questi semi hanno proprietà idratanti .
Inoltre, sono ricchi di vitamina E. Questa vitamina può aiutarti a curare qualsiasi tipo di piaga che hai in bocca . Dovresti mettere una certa quantità di olio di semi d’uva sulle dita. Quindi, dovresti strofinare l’interno delle guance e della lingua con questo olio . Dovresti lasciare che questo rimedio rimanga sulla lingua e sulle guance per tutta la notte.
Quando sei sveglio, dovresti lavarti i denti come al solito, ma prima di lavarti i denti, dovresti sciacquarti la bocca con acqua tiepida. Dovresti ripetere questo trattamento ogni giorno prima di andare a letto. [4]
Semi di finocchio
Questo rimedio naturale ti aiuterà a sbarazzarti della secchezza delle fauci perché ha come componenti i flavonoidi che stimolano il flusso di saliva . In molti casi, quando le persone soffrono di secchezza delle fauci , sentono anche l’alito cattivo .
Questo rimedio naturale ha un sapore aromatico , che può aiutarti a sconfiggere questo effetto collaterale della secchezza delle fauci . Dovresti sgranocchiare i semi di finocchio più volte al giorno se vuoi sconfiggere questa condizione.
Inoltre, dovresti preparare una miscela con quantità uguali di semi di fieno greco e semi di finocchio . Dovresti arrostire a secco questa miscela in una padella. Dovresti macinare questi ingredienti e quindi aggiungere una piccola quantità di sale in questa miscela. Dovresti mangiare un cucchiaino e mezzo di questa miscela dopo ogni pasto. [5]
Limone
Può aiutarti a ottenere sollievo dalla secchezza delle fauci e questo rimedio ti aiuterà anche a stimolare la produzione di saliva. Eliminerà l’ alito cattivo e ti aiuterà anche ad avere la bocca pulita perché questo frutto ha una natura acida .
In un bicchiere d’acqua, dovresti aggiungere una piccola quantità di miele e un succo di ½ limone . Dovresti sorseggiare quest’acqua per tutto il giorno perché in questo modo tu
Olmo scivoloso
Ha mucillagine. Quando questo componente viene miscelato con acqua, diventa un gel liscio . Può aiutarti a lenire la gola , i muscoli e aiuta anche a rivestire. Inoltre, ci sono molti altri disagi che sono accompagnati da questa condizione , il che significa che scompariranno anche quando si utilizza questo rimedio naturale .
Dovresti aggiungere uno o due cucchiai di olmo rosso in una tazza di acqua calda. Dovresti coprire la tazza. Quindi, dovresti immergere questa miscela per dieci minuti. Dovresti filtrarlo. Quindi, dovresti bere questo tipo di tè . Dovresti bere questo tè due volte al giorno.
Inoltre, puoi fare una pasta da questo rimedio . Avrai bisogno di una piccola quantità di polvere di corteccia di olmo e una quantità sufficiente di acqua. Dovresti applicare questa pasta all’interno della bocca . Dovresti lasciarlo stare lì in un periodo di pochi minuti. Quindi, dovresti sciacquarti la bocca con acqua.
Puoi ripeterlo due volte al giorno oppure puoi applicarlo solo una volta al giorno. Questo rimedio ti aiuterà a rimanere idratato per tutto il giorno.
Inoltre, puoi preparare una limonata fatta in casa . Questo ti aiuterà a liberarti della secchezza delle fauci . Ma non dovresti bere limonata , che non ha una componente zuccherina. Puoi anche cospargere una piccola quantità di sale su un pezzetto di limone . Quindi, dovresti strofinare questo pezzo di limone sulla lingua . Questo migliorerà le tue papille gustative. [6]
Estrazione dell’olio
Questo è uno dei migliori rimedi casalinghi che puoi usare se vuoi sbarazzarti della secchezza delle fauci . Questo rimedio naturale può mantenere la bocca umida . Può aiutarti a sbarazzarti dell’alito cattivo e può anche aiutarti ad avere una buona salute orale .
Puoi fare l’ estrazione dell’olio con olio di sesamo , olio di cocco o altri tipi di oli vegetali . Dovrai metterti in bocca un cucchiaio di olio extravergine di cocco
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12 | 4 | 3 |
�河桥，崇功居多。七年，稽胡反，崇率僸讨平之。”
“十五年，进位柱国大将军，转少傅。孝闵帝践阼，进封梁国公，邑万户，加太保。历大宗伯、大司徒”，在宇文护掌权时因说出晋公宇文护必死之言被勒令自尽。侯莫陈崇三子皆为周将，而其兄侯莫陈顺更是十二大将军之一。侯莫陈崇一族以武猛而享威名，故能成一时之盛，而陈崇最终以言语鲁莽丧身，乃是脱不了轻率之道，一世英名也转眼云散，足以让人叹息。
八柱国和他们的子孙们成功建造出了封建社会的第二帝国，在汉朝之后建立起了另一大过度，这不只是在中国历史，甚至在世界历史都是一个奇迹。 本产品为稀缺名额，满额即截止。
按照报名付全款先后锁定珍贵的2018年确保参赛名额。
World’s Coolest Marathon
北极点马拉松
想到北极点，你是否感觉到了紧张与兴奋？在北纬90°的极点，在世界上最冷的大洋之上，在移动的6-12英尺（约1.8-3.6米）的厚的巨大冰层上奔跑，你做好准备了吗？你是否能克服对极度严寒的恐惧？你是否能够挑战自己？如果这些答案都是肯定，那么恭喜你，你可能已经为北极点马拉松做好了心理准备。请时刻记住，这次马拉松不是在陆地上奔跑，而是在北冰洋之上，在移动的冰层上奔跑，再也没有比这更奇妙更具有挑战性的马拉松了。
2015年比赛视频
2016年北极点马拉松有来自21个国家的56名选手参赛。
始于2002年的北极点马拉松可能是你一生之中最奇特的马拉松之旅。早在创立之初，“世界上最冷酷的马拉松”（World’s Coolest Marathon）就成为其标签，持续被欧美众多媒体争相报道。
2002年4月5日，第一次北极点马拉松是由理查德独立完成的。他在这之前10周刚刚获得第一次南极马拉松比赛的冠军，成为第一个在两个极点完成马拉松的人。同时他还保持着用4天22小时3分钟在七大洲完成七个马拉松的世界纪录，这是他在2012年创造的。2015年，理查德跑步从旧金山到纽约，完成穿越北美的挑战，2016年他完成了穿越欧洲的挑战，从伊斯坦布尔跑到鹿特丹。
这就是理查德，北极点马拉松的赛事总监，同时也是南极冰川马拉松（南纬80°），火山马拉松（在世界最干燥的阿塔卡马沙漠），世界马拉松挑战赛（七天七大洲七个马拉松）的组织者。
2018年4月9日，让我们一起创造北极点探险的新历史。您将有机会被成为挑战世界顶点的极限跑者，在全球制高点（北纬90°）奔跑的同时克服严寒的困扰，完成42.195km这一世上最遥远距离的比赛。
图：2016年北极点马拉松有来自21个国家的56名选手参赛
图中红点就是北极点的位置
普及一下地理知识：北极点即北纬90°，地球表面最北的点，其周围由北冰洋结冰而成，并无实质陆地。北极圈是指纬度数值为北纬66.5°的一个假想圈，是北寒带与北温带的分界线。
没错，北极点被北冰洋包围，你不是在陆地上奔跑！你在参加北极点马拉松的时候，将面临诸多挑战，低温、强风、风寒效应（Wind Chill Factor）甚至北极熊。然而，具有丰富经验的组织团队是你完成世界上最冷酷马拉松的坚强后盾。
团队挑战
北极点马拉松还有一项激动人心的团队挑战，冠军将由团队中前三名完赛成员的时间总和来决定，您的团队可以由公司组成，也可以是俱乐部成员。如果你已经是七大洲马拉松俱乐部的成员，完成北极点马拉松将让你跻身北极点马拉松大满贯俱乐部。
如何抵达斯瓦尔巴
全年每天都有航班进出斯瓦尔巴，大多数航班往返于斯瓦尔巴和特罗姆瑟（Tromsø），夏季则有航班直飞奥斯陆。从奥斯陆飞往斯瓦尔巴约需3小时，从特罗姆瑟出发约需1.5至2小时。抵达机场之后，您可以乘坐付费的摆渡车服务，直接前往我们为您预定的朗伊尔城酒店。
如何前往北极点
特种飞机会带您飞越北冰洋抵达我们的极点营地。 而36–48小时之后飞机会重新回来带我们飞离北极点。
抵达挪威斯瓦尔巴的朗伊尔城，晚上参加赛前说明会，参赛者最晚应在4月7日下午抵达挪威斯瓦尔巴的朗伊尔城。
斯瓦尔巴住宿参考：
丽笙极地酒店（Radisson Blu Polar Hotel）或同级
酒店位于位于朗伊尔城市中心，无论您是在酒店的餐厅或户外用餐，都可以欣赏到令人印象深刻的峡湾全景。所有客房都配有迷你吧或冰箱、电视和办公桌。部分客房配有Nespresso咖啡机。Restaurant Nansen餐厅供应北极特色菜和国际美食；Barentz Pub & Spiseri酒吧则供应饮料和便餐。含每天自助早餐。
酒店距离斯瓦尔巴博物馆（Svalbard Museum）有1公里，距离斯瓦尔巴朗伊尔机场（Svalbard Airport）有3公里。
统一安排飞往北极点营地。
北极点住宿
参赛者们将12人共享一个的加热的宽松舒适的帐篷， 我们给每人提供一个睡袋，不用担心温度问题，因为帐篷实时加热且时刻处于被太阳光照射的状态（极昼）。餐厅设置在一个独立出来的帐篷，提供食物和饮料。
北极点马拉松。
返回朗伊尔城。
旅行结束。
2018年北极点马拉松套餐费用为126600元，报名收取定金5000元，定金不退款。在您支付成功后，42旅工作人员将尽快落实名额并通知您补交尾款121600元。
费用包含：
1.斯瓦尔巴(挪威) 与北极点营地的往返航班
2.4月7日和4月10日2晚朗伊尔城酒店住宿含早餐
3.在北极点的住宿
4.北极点马拉松报名费
5.极点区域的直升机
6.有机会站在地球顶点-北纬90°
7.完赛奖牌，T恤衫，参赛证明和其他赛程礼品
8.业摄像师提供的比赛照片和视频
9.赛程中的医疗援助
10.紧急医疗救援保险
费用不含：
1.往返机票、签证费用
2.朗伊尔城如要求住单人间，或最终无法拼房需要住单间，补交1600元
3.申根旅游签证1300元（购买签证服务后，费用在任何情况下不退还）
4.北极点住宿是多人帐篷，无单人间
5.机票预订服务，参加北极点马拉松需要您预定前往挪威斯瓦尔巴的朗伊尔城的往返机票，我们提供免费的机票预订服务，按照实际折扣价格收取票款
6.极地旅行受天气影响，飞往北极点的日期可能会推后，建议您的回程机票可以免费改期或改签费用较低
7.如因极地天气导致日期延后，在朗伊尔城多出的住宿费用自理
本产品可以选择签证代办服务，出行前请您自行确保护照和签证的有效性以及信息的准确性，以保证您能正常出入境。
客户购买我方产品后，因个人原因临时改变或取消行程的，请及时告知并遵循以下“行程取消规则”：一旦报名后，因个人原因取消报名，费用不予退还。
如您是单独报名，且并未购买单房差我们会按报名先后顺序给您安排同性跑友拼房；如行程售卖截止后拼房不成功我们会通知您补交单房差，请您在购买时知悉，谢谢。
柬埔寨·暹粒
¥ 4999 2017-08-03
希腊·雅典
¥ 5100 2017-11-08 آتش سوزی در میدان بهارستان تهران
به گزارش وبلاگ پریها، سید جلال ملکی سخنگوی سازمان آتش
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12 | 5 | 0 |
起？我将永远是团队的一员。我希望我的队友这次表现得很好。”
郭说，在得知他的足底筋膜炎（慢跑者的脚后跟）会阻碍他从训练和争抢中获得最大收益后，他感到很沮丧。结果，果阿也不得不离开营地。 “我要感谢教练和篮球协会给了我为这么多国家队效力的机会。虽然这次我不能和我的队友在一起。但我的心永远和球队在一起，所以我会成为我的支持者，”郭说。
希望在实践中击中了腰部。导致旧伤复发因此，他不得不退出训练营。“不幸的是，我将专注于恢复和鼓励我的队友，”王说。
三人的缺阵将对中国国家队产生巨大的影响，易建联是他们最好的球员，郭是关键的局外人。王是球队内线的大锤。杜锋教练不得不绞尽脑汁想办法填补空白。
中国将在 6 月 16 日至 20 日在菲律宾举行的四场国际篮联亚洲杯预选赛中两次对阵日本和中华台北，然后飞往加拿大与加拿大和希腊争夺东京奥运会的席位。
据西班牙《马卡报》报道，皇马此前向瓦拉内发送了续约报价，目前正在等待瓦拉内的回应。
瓦拉内是否与皇马续约，制约了皇马的签约计划。 皇马已经与瓦拉内续约，但球员们尚未给出答复。
詹姆斯可以谈论续约。 这基本上不是问题，湖人会保住这个核心。 问题是如何打造一支能够围绕中锋夺冠的现役球队。
合同中还有另外三个人。
Cardwell Pope，明年年薪1300万。
凯尔库兹马有 1300 万。
马克·加索尔 270 万。
库兹马和波普是湖人队的两名重要轮换球员。 如果湖人交易，两人最有可能出现在名单上。 加索尔是湖人最可靠的中锋，但他可能会离开。
如果失败了怎么办？
刘伟事后想了想说：“可能很多人对失败的定义太老套了，什么是失败？其实这次我们要找的是压力、困难、被刺激的经历、被教育的经历。”
他曾经对唐杰说过一个词——“冲击教育”，“你要被别人的实力震撼，比你的天赋好，比你更努力。这是我们该去的时候了。参与的意义 在NBA选秀中。”
传奇的法国中场佩蒂特认为，当今法国队唯一的弱点就是门将。
“德尚有这样的奢侈，可以产生两个天赋相近的阵容，他可以为所欲为。”
“他在前场、中场和防守上有很多选择。唯一没有多少选择的位置可能就是守门员。”
有人在赛季初打开了勒布朗詹姆斯的推特。他本以为凯尔·库兹马本赛季能取得长足的进步，结果却是挨了一巴掌。
赛季开始后不久，2020年12月3日，有媒体就一位本赛季将取得巨大进步的球员提问。
詹姆斯在推特上果断地回复了：凯尔库兹马。
结果令人失望。库兹马本赛季的表现平平。平均得分从上赛季的12.8分上升到12.9分。显然，这并不是“巨大的进步”。篮板和助攻都有小幅提升，但并不明显。
季后赛更糟，场均只有6.3分，不如去年。
库兹马的表现令人失望，湖人早早出局。詹姆斯的热情也在赛季初消失了。
AC米兰门将多纳鲁马处境尴尬。 他已经在AC米兰撕破脸皮，马尔蒂尼也宣布离队，留在球队已经不再可行。
所有球队都知道多纳鲁马正在寻找新东家，所有球队都在降低价格。 多纳鲁马以800万欧元的年薪拒绝了米兰的报价，但现在尤文图斯的报价只有600万欧元，而巴萨的报价并不高。 而且，无论是去尤文图斯还是巴萨，多纳鲁马也未必能保证自己的第一门将位置。 مهار آتش سوزی ساختمان پنج طبقه رشت در کمتر از 10 دقیقه
به گزارش انوار بلاگ، خبرنگاران/گیلان سرپرست سازمان آتش نشانی شهرداری رشت، آتش سوزی یک انبار در ساختمان تجاری 5 طبقه در رشت اطلاع داد و گفت: آتش نشانان آتش سوزی را در کمتر از 10 دقیقه مهار و از سرایت آن به ساختمان های دیگر جلوگیری کردند.
جهت دریافت خدمات پتینه کار با گروه ساختمانی آبان در ارتباط باشید. هر گونه خدمات رنگ آمیزی با تکنیک های مدرن پتینه کاری را به ما بسپارید.
شهرام مومنی در گفت وگو با انوار بلاگ، با اشاره به اینکه عصر امروز حادثه آتش سوزی در انبار سوپرمارکتی در ساختمان تجاری پنج طبقه در رشت اطلاع داده شد، گفت: 41 آتش نشان و افسر ارشد با 17 خودروی اطفای حریق، آبرسان، پشتیبا، دستگاه تنفسی و نردبان به محل حادثه در شهرک شهید بهشتی، گلستان 14 اعزام شدند.
وی با بیان اینکه آتش نشانان آتش سوزی را در کمتر از 10 دقیقه مهار و از سرایت آن به ساختمان های دیگر جلوگیری کردند، اضافه نمود: تیم های نجات 17 شهروند را از میان دود و آتش به مکان امن منتقل کردند.
سرپرست سازمان آتش نشانی و خدمات ایمنی شهرداری رشت، علت آتش سوزی و میزان خسارت را در دست آنالیز دانست و گفت: یک شهروند دچار سوختگی و سه آتش نشان با شکستگی سر و دودگرفتگی روبرو شدند؛ البته همگی با یاری امدادگران اورژانس حاضر در محل حادثه به مراکز درمانی انتقال یافتند.
مومنی، با بیان اینکه یک نفر از داخل آسانسور، هشت نفر از طریق نردبان هیدرولیک و هشت نفر به یاری تیم نجات و دستگاه های تنفسی به مکان امن منتقل شدند، گفت: بعضی از آسیب دیدگان ناشی از دودگرفتگی توسط تیم های اورژانس به طور سرپایی مداوا شدند.منبع: خبرگزاری ایسنا Stanza III Summary
Get out the microscope, because we’re going through this poem line-by-line.
And do I smile, such cordial light
Upon the Valley glow –
It is as a Vesuvian face
Had let its pleasure through –
- This stanza describes the speaker smiling.
- One way to paraphrase this is, "And if I smile, it’s like an uptight hot-head had actually loosened up a bit."
- The smile is cordial, and shines upon the Valley, but it’s like a "Vesuvian face" had smiled.
- ("Vesuvian" references Mount Vesuvius, a volcano in Italy. Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 A.D. and buried the city of Pompeii and many of its inhabitants. Not a pretty picture. To say someone is Vesuvian is to say that they’re prone to explosive anger.)
- So, the speaker smiling is like a Vesuvian face. In other words, we have the image of a person with anger-management problems, who cools down a bit and "let its pleasure through."
People who Shmooped this also Shmooped... La Rivoluzione francese è fondamentale perché è considerata l’evento che ha posto fine all’Ancien Régime. Quale era la situazione della Francia negli anni immediatamente precedenti lo scoppio della Rivoluzione, e perché la rivoluzione è scoppiata proprio in Francia?
La Rivoluzione francese chiude definitivamente i conti con il regime precedente e inaugura la modernità. Liquida in maniera netta la dimensione religiosa dell’agire individuale e collettivo che aveva caratterizzato l’epoca confessionale precedente e apre alla passione della politica, alla partecipazione, alla responsabilità della parola. Naturalmente, questi fenomeni non possono essere confezionati nello spazio limitato di una giornata di metà luglio 1789; nascono prima, lontano. Quella che per comodità è definita la Rivoluzione americana, e che si sorregge sulla “Dichiarazione d’indipendenza” firmata a Filadelfia il 4 luglio 1776, intercetta i primi bagliori della nuova costellazione delle emozioni politiche.
La stagione dei Lumi aveva individuato la ragione umana come bussola di ogni relazione; le nuove idee iniziavano a definire sempre più accuratamente i tratti della libertà dell’uomo da ogni vincolo superiore. L’uomo era legato alla sua natura. L’uomo era libero naturalmente, e naturalmente aveva stipulato un contratto per vivere dignitosamente. Erano idee diffuse in tutto il mondo, ma in Francia, dove un lungo dibattito politico aveva coinvolto ampie fette di popolazione, incontravano una tradizione di confronto col potere assoluto; i libri, la filosofia, la convinzione di una regolata devozione avevano più e meglio educato le nuove generazioni a pensarsi uguale, a rivendicare lo stesso diritto. Quando Necker mostra come erano ripartite
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ای مشابه برای تشخیص هر دو بیماری استفاده کند. درمان های التهاب لوزه باکتریایی و گلودرد استرپتوکوک نیز مشابه است.
التهاب لوزه چه عوارضی دارد؟
افرادی که این بیماری را به شکل مزمن را تجربه می کنند ممکن است دچار آپنه انسدادی در خواب شوند. این اتفاق زمانی رخ می دهد که مجاری هوایی متورم شده و مانع از خواب خوب فرد می شود که در صورت عدم درمان می تواند منجر به سایر موارد پزشکی گردد.
همچنین ممکن است عفونت بدتر شده و به مناطق دیگر بدن گسترش یابد. این به عنوان سلولیت لوزه شناخته می شود.
عفونت همچنین می تواند باعث تجمع چرک در پشت لوزه ها شده که به آن آبسه صفاقی گفته می شود. این وضعیت ممکن است به تخلیه و جراحی نیاز داشته باشد.
اگر یک دوره کامل آنتی بیوتیک مصرف نکنید یا آنتی بیوتیک ها باکتری ها را از بین نبرند، ممکن است عوارض ناشی از التهاب لوزه ایجاد شود. این موارد شامل تب روماتیسمی و گلومرولونفریت پس از استرپتوکوک است.
چگونه از التهاب لوزه ها پیشگیری کنیم؟
برای کاهش خطر ابتلا به این بیماری، از افرادی که دارای عفونت فعال هستند، دوری شود. اگر فردی به این بیماری مبتلا است، سعی کند با دیگران کمتر ارتباط داشته باشد تا زمانی که بهیود یابد.
عادات بهداشتی خوب را رعایت کنید. دستان خود را مرتباً بشویید، به خصوص پس از تماس با فردی که گلودرد دارد، یا سرفه یا عطسه می کند.
منبع: Le incisioni sono in massima parte raggruppate e raffigurano scene di caccia e fauna locale, ai tempi ricca anche di leoni e pantere; nonostante la località sia difficile da raggiungere -è isolata dalle vie oggi esistenti e durante la guerra per il Nagorno Karabakh le mulattiere per arrivarci furono riattate dai combattenti- è ipotizzabile che sia sempre stata meta di pascolo estivo e che ad una cultura pastorale, i cui appartenenti integravano le loro risorse con la caccia, appartenessero gli autori dei petroglifi. Experimental work by Thibaud Gruber, in Kibale National Park and the Budongo Forest, suggests that wild chimpanzees’ cultural biases influence the tools they use to solve novel tasks.
Gruber investigated whether chimpanzees from Sonso and Kanyawara approached a novel task — extracting liquid honey from a log with an artificially provided leafy stick — in community-specific ways. Kanyawara chimpanzees, who sometimes use sticks for food acquisition, tended to use the stick as a dipping tool to remove the honey. Sonso chimpanzees, who have never been observed using sticks in a foraging context, found the leaves to be the most salient part of the tool. Some produced leaf-sponges, but none used the stick to obtain honey.
In a second experiment, Gruber exposed Sonso chimpanzees to the preferred Kanyawara approach to the task by placing leafy stick tools in the honey, prompting them to retrieve the leafy stick directly from the hole. Although some of the chimpanzees touched or manipulated the stick, none of them used it as a tool to obtain honey.
Further research is needed to understand the learning mechanisms chimpanzees use in the wild, but these results suggest that cultural bias constrains how individuals from different communities perceive and evaluate their environment. They also suggest that in some contexts, social learning may be more important to chimpanzees than individual trial- and-error learning. The article appears here in the journal Scientific Reports. A coronavirus is circulating among New York’s sewer rats, and new research warns of the need to monitor these animals in the face of the danger of causing new outbreaks of the disease in humans, researchers have found.
A new study shows that rats can be infected with alpha, delta, and omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes Covid-19. It was found in specimens living in the sewers and streets of New York City, USA.
This was detailed by a publication in the open access journal mBio belonging to the American Society for Microbiology.
Dr. Henry Wang, the lead author of the study, said: “Our findings highlight the need for increased monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in the rat population for possible zoonotic transmission to humans. I warned you.
“In general, our research in this area shows that animals can play a role in pandemics,” added the professor and director of the Center for Influenza and Emerging Infectious Diseases at the University of Missouri.
The finding raises particular concern about the massive rat populations in urban areas, not just in the United States, but around the world. In New York alone, an estimated 8 million of these animals live in the wild and frequently interact with humans.
It’s also not the first time rats with coronavirus have been detected. Two of his previous studies suggested that rats in Hong Kong, China and Belgium may have been exposed to the virus, but it was unclear what subspecies it was.
Co-author of the study, Dr. Tom DeLiberto, said that in September and November 2021, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) will capture sewage rats and use them for these purposes.
“Most of the rats were confined to parks in Brooklyn,” he added. In total he had 79 animals studied, of which he was positive in 13 (16.5%).
Therefore, the researchers warned that these animals need to be monitored more closely to prevent them from posing a risk of new outbreaks of disease to humans in the future. 【妈妈网特稿】与备孕妈妈们不同的是，在现实生活中，备孕的爸爸们往往不注意自己的饮食习惯，例如一些爱吃的东西都是杀精食物。这样不仅会造成好孕迟迟不来，就算是宝宝降临，也有可能影响宝宝的健康。因此，备孕爸爸要采取措施，激活自己身体的“生精”功能哦！
睡眠有利阴阳调和、休养生息，可以养肾，这对备孕爸爸生精而言非常重要
关于精子的重要数据
我们知道，精子是由睾丸里的精原细胞变化而来。1个精原细胞经过多次分裂后发育为256个精子。这个进化过程整个需要差不多90天的时间，其中在睾丸里的时间约为70天左右，在附睾里约为2-3周。精子是不断生成的。总体来说，睾丸体积越大，生精功能越强。大概每克睾丸组织产生1000万精子，双侧睾丸一般每天能生成上亿精子。
“生精”，要知道，活力是睡出来的
虽然说女人靠睡男人靠吃，男性不像女性依赖睡眠养颜，但备孕爸爸的睡眠也很有讲究。
睡眠有利阴阳调和、休养生息，可以养肾，这对备孕爸爸生精而言非常重要。每天睡眠时间都最好维持在8小时左右。
晚上连续睡眠不要少于6小时，白天中午再休息半小时到一小时。工作繁忙的男性可依从《黄帝内经》的提倡，睡“子午觉”。所谓子午觉，就是下午1～3点，睡半个小时到一个小时，刚好可以“养阳”；晚上9～11点入睡，此时开始“养阴”，这个时段入睡效果最好。 Tapu devir harçları 2021!
Gayrimenkullerin tapularının devir işlemleri satış yoluyla ve bağış yoluyla tamamlanabiliyor. Gayrimenkulün bir bedel karşılığında bir başkasına devredilmesi halinde satış işlemi, bedelsiz olarak devredililiyor ve hibe işlemi tamamlanabiliyor.
Tapu devir harçları, tapuda yapılan devir işleminin türüne göre değişiklik gösteriyor. Tapu satış harçları hem alıcı hem satıcı tarafından ayrı ayrı ödeniyor. Tapu bağış harcı ise, tek taraf tarafından ödeniyor.
Peki, 2021'de tapu satışı için ne kadar ödeme yapılacak? Tapu devir harçları 2021 ne kadar? İşte tüm merak edilenler...
Tapu devir harçları 2021
Tapu satış harçları
Harçlar Kanunu Genel Tebliği kapsamında bu sene de gayrimenkullerin devir işlemi için binde 20 oranında harç tahsil edileceği bilgisi yer aldı.
Tapu bağış harçları
2021'de tapu hibe harçları geçtiğimiz gün Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanan Harçlar Kanunu Genel Tebliği kapsamında yer aldı.
Buna göre, gayrimenkullerin ve mülkiyetten gayri ayni hakların bağışlanmasında, kanuni mirasçılar dışında intifa hakkından, kuru mülkiyet sahibi lehine ivazsız feragat edilmesinde ve süreli intifa haklarında süre dolarak intifa hakkının sona ermesinde kayıtlı değer üzerinden binde 68,31 oranında ödeme yapılıyor. Doğum: 22 Nisan 1920
Ringendorf, Fransa
Simone, Fransa’da küçük bir köy olan Ringendorf’ta yaşayan iki çocuklu Yahudi bir ailenin büyük çocuğu olarak dünyaya geldi. 3 yaşındayken ailesiyle beraber Strazburg’a taşındı. Babası koyun yetiştiriciliği ile uğraşıyordu. Simone ve küçük erkek kardeşi, Les Eclaireurs Israelites de France (EIF) adındaki bir Yahudi izci ekibinde yer alıyordu. Simone orta öğrenimini Strazburg’daki bir devlet okulunda tamamladı.
1933–39: Haftanın beş günü okula gidiyordum. Kalan iki günde de bir Yahudi din okuluna gidiyordum. İzci birliğindeki sorumluluklarım da artmıştı. 1936 yılında 16 yaşımdayken birliğin lideri olmuştum. 35 kızdan sorumluydum. İki yıl sonra 1938’de ortaokuldan mezun olduktan sonra okul öncesi eğitim ve sosyal hizmet alanlarında eğitim gördüm.
1940–44: 1940’ın başında Paris’te öğretmen olarak işe başladım. O yılın Mayıs ayında Almanya Fransa’yı işgal edince ailem g
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اموال کسب نمایند نظر به انجام معاملات قابل اسقاط نیست و هر مالکی نسبت به مالکیت خود حق هرگونه تصرف و انتفاع را دارد مگر در مواردی که قانون استثناء کرده باشد. در مانحنفیه هرچند که ملک مورد ترافع برابر مبایعهنامه عادی به خواهان فروخته شده و قسمتی از ثمن دریافت گردیده است لیکن منعی در انجام معاملات با سند عادی نبوده و قانون مدنی اسناد عادی را معتبر دانسته است از اینرو معاملات با سند عادی نسبت به املاک ثبت شده منصرف از بند یک ماده 47 قانون ثبت اسناد و املاک میباشد...».
علاوه بر آن، شعبه 36 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران نیز در دادنامههای شماره 1352 و 1353 مورخ 28/12/1386 چنین انشای رأی کرده است: «... فک رهن و رفع بازداشتهای ملک و پرداخت بدهیهای اشخاص ثالث و سپس تنظیم سند رسمی از آثار و لوازم عرفی و قراردادی عقد بیع میباشد». در دادنامه شماره 9201210 - 13/9/92 شعبه اول دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران هم میخوانیم: صرف در رهن بودن عرصه ملک مورد اختلاف مانع از رسیدگی به دعاوی ابطال سند رسمی، فک رهن و الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی بر اساس مبایعهنامه عادی نخواهد بود. در دادنامه شماره 890886 مورخ 19/10/89 صادره از شعبه 85 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران و دادنامه شماره 920067 - 8/2/92 از شعبه 51 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران هم اینگونه انشای رأی نموده است: «از جمله تعهدات فروشنده تنطیم سند رسمی به نام خریدار میباشد و مقدمه تنظیم سند رسمی نیز فک رهن و أخذ پایان کار و صورت مجلس تفکیکی است. تجدیدنظرخواه اقدام جهت انجام مقدمات تنظیم سند به عمل نیاورده، از طرفی در رهن بودن مورد معامله منافاتی با انجام بیع ندارد، النهایه تصرف مورد رهن میبایست با اذن مرتهن باشد». دادنامه شماره 910747 - 22/8/91 صادره از شعبه 186دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران و دادنامه شماره 9100568 - 6/11/91 صادره از شعبه 51 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران نیز به صراحت مقرر داشتهاند: «در رهن بودن ملک مانعی برای نقل و انتقال نیست».
این رویکرد، در دادنامه شماره 890329 مورخ 23/5/89 صادره از شعبه 2 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران و دادنامه شماره 823 - 19/4/80 صادر شده از شعبه 815 دادگاه عمومی تهران نیز پذیرفته و اعمال شده است.
در خصوص نحوه طرح دعوا، این پرسش مطرح است که «دعوای الزام به فک رهن» و «دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی» میتوانند ضمن یک دادخواست مطرح شوند یا نخست لازم است «دعوای الزام به فک رهن» اقامه شود و در صورت به نتیجه رسیدن آن، «دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی» مطرح گردد؟ آیا طرح دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی از سوی خریدار علیه فروشنده (راهن) به تنهایی قابل استماع است و دادگاه بدون اقامه دعوای الزام به فک رهن، باید به عنوان مقدمه الزام به تنظیم سند، به فک رهن نیز رسیدگی کند یا آنکه خریدار باید هر دو دعوا را طرح نماید و اقامه دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند به تنهایی کفایت نمیکند؟
در خصوص پرسش نخست، دادگاههایی که دعوای خریدار مبنی بر الزام فروشنده (راهن) به فک رهن را میپذیرند، به درستی معتقدند که طرح همزمان دو دعوا (فک رهن و تنظیم سند) کفایت میکند و نیازی نیست که ابتدا دعوای فک رهن طرح شود و پس از به نتیجه رسیدن آن، دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند اقامه گردد (برای نظر موافق و دیدن برخی از آرا، ر. ک.: صدقی، 1392: 91). از مفهوم مخالف ماده 65 ق. آ. د. م. [4] نیز همین مفهوم برداشت میشود، زیرا دو دعوا (فک رهن و تنظیم سند) با یکدیگر ارتباط کامل دارند و منشأ آنها نیز واحد است. بنابراین، طرح هر دو دعوا به موجب یک دادخواست درست است و دادگاه به هر دو دعوا به صورت توأمان رسیدگی میکند.
اما درباره سؤال دوم، برخی از محاکم طرح دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند را به تنهایی میپذیرند، حتی اگر دعوای فک رهن مطرح نشده باشد، چرا که فک رهن مقدمه تنظیم سند رسمی است و نیازمند طرح دعوای مستقل نیست (دادنامه شماره 295 – 10/2/81 موضوع پرونده کلاسه 2428 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران). برخی از علمای حقوق نیز از همین نظر دفاع کرده و معتقدند: دعوی الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی راجع به ملک مرهون به صورت مطلق قابل پذیرش است، چرا که فک رهن مقدمه تنظیم سند رسمی است. بنابراین، اگر خریدار، علیه فروشنده دعوی الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی اقامه نماید، از باب دلالت التزامی (قاعده تضمن) و قاعده «التزام به شی التزام به لوازم آن است» و به خاطر آنکه فک رهن مقدمه الزام است و باید عملی شود (یعنی اگر کسی محکوم به الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی ملکی شود که در رهن است، فروشنده مکلف است ابتدا ملک را از رهن خارج کند و سپس سند مالکیت را به نام خریدار نماید)، صرف درخواست الزام به فک رهن قابل رسیدگی است و نیازی به طرح دعوای مستقلی با عنوان الزام به فک رهن نیست؛ همچنان که تکلیف به اخذ مفاصا حساب مالیاتی، پرداخت عوارض شهرداری، تفکیک ملک و غیره که همگی از مقدمات تنظیم سند رسمی هستند، نیاز به طرح دعوای مستقل ندارند. بنابراین، الزام قانونی و قراردادی فروشنده ملک (راهن) مبنی بر فک رهن نیازمند طرح دعوی
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یدا توسط رئیس جمهور کرزی توشیح شد اما نظر به گفته های مفسرین و نهادهای جامعه مدنی، مکانیزم های تطبیقی ضعیف نتوانسته در تطبیق قانون کارا باشد.
میر احمد جوینده، تحلیلگر سیاسی با توجه به نگرانی های زنان از آینده شان بعد از سال 2014 می گوید کمیسیون مستقل انتخابات و کمیسیون سمع شکایت در این انتخاباتی باید کارهایی را روی دست گیرند که مردم به خصوص زنان با خاطر راحت در این پروسه اشتراک کنند و در غیر آن رای زنان می تواند فضا را برای تقلب گسترده در انتخابات فراهم کند.
آقای جوینده گفت: "عدم مودیت کارمندان زن در محلات رای گیری در واقعیت زمینه ساز تقلب گسترده انتخاباتی می شود زیرا به نام یک زن، هزاران کارت به صندوق های رای انداخته خواهد شد که برگزاری انتخابات شفافیت ناقص خواهد ساخت."
نا امنی ها ، موجودیت فرهنگ سنت گرا، وضعیت نا معلوم انتخابات و مشی نامعلوم انتخاباتی نامزدان از چالش های مهم در برابر اشتراک زنان در این انتخابات دانسته می شود اما اگر تلاش ها ادامه یابد، زنان می توانند تغیراتی بزرگ را به بار آورند. Analyzing complex human body structures can be very cumbersome and usually requires a whole lot of computational power. Sony launched ‘Folding@home’, a venture which aimed to utilize the processing power of idle PlayStation 3 devices. The company has now announced that it is shelving the project.
Folding@home was an excellent project that Sony had launched in collaboration with Stanford University. The project allowed willing PlayStation 3 owners to relinquish their devices’ computing powers for use by the researchers at Stanford University.
The researchers commanded the power of these idle PS3 devices to examine a process called ‘protein folding.’ In this process, two-dimensional protein strands double up and then convert into three-dimensional molecules. These unique three-dimensional molecules then determine the biological functions of that protein.
If the folding process does not continue normally, it can lead to different diseases such as Parkinson’s. During the duration of five years for which the project ran, 15 million PS3 owners participated in the project, providing 100 million computational hours to the project.
According to Vijay Pande who headed the project at Stanford, “The PS3 system was a game changer for Folding@home, as it opened the door for new methods and new processors, eventually also leading to the use of GPUs.”
The project is being shelved now that it has significantly contributed to the researchers’ understanding of the ‘protein folding’ process. With the help of the analysis of the process, researchers have been able to devise effective strategies to tackle Alzheimer’s.
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BBC’s Ceefax Teletext Service To Say Farewell On October 24th Blade è morto per emorragia. Di spettatori, a quanto pare. La serie televisiva di Spike TV è stata cancellata dopo appena 12 episodi. Il pubblico non avrebbe gradito lo spin off ispirato alla serie di film interpretata Wesley Snipes: Il telefilm di Blade è stato considerato lento e verboso, e non ha retto il confronto con l'azione iper-cinetica della serie cinematografica.
Il canale via cavo Spike TV ha registrato una progressiva perdita di share dopo i promettenti risultati dell'episodio pilota (2,5 milioni di spettatori). Tanto che l'ultima puntata di Blade, andata in onda il 13 settembre, era stata vista da meno di 900.000 persone.
Il commento di un responsabile della TV è stato laconico: "Siamo soddisfatti del risultato creativo di Blade [la serie]. Però siamo delusi dai risultati di audience". La decisione della produzione altrettanto logica: non produrre la seconda stagione della serie.
Il Blade televisivo era interpretato dall'attore/rapper Kirk "Sticky Fingaz" Jones, già famoso per aver interpretato la miniserie bellica TV "Over there". Nel telefilm horror interpretava un ibrido tra un uomo e un vampiro in lotta contro una demoniaca organizzazione criminale.
Con i suoi 400 milioni di dollari di incasso in tutto il mondo, la saga cinematografica ha avuto un enorme successo, ma il personaggio potrebbe semplicemente non funzionare sul piccolo schermo.
Compreso l'episodio pilota, sono stati prodotte 13 puntate del telefilm. Che sia il numero maledetto ad aver portato sfortuna? 问题：Word中的分栏具体位置在哪儿？
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Muahlefet yerel seçimle birlikte erken parlamento seçimi isterken, iktidar erken seçim taraftarı değil. [b](Yenibalkan) [/b] Contents - Previous - Next
A. FERRO-LUZZI, G. PASTORE and S. SETTE*
* Unit of Human Nutrition, National Institute of Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, Rome, Italy.
2. Reasons of seasonal variations in energy metabolism
3. Seasonal body weight fluctuations
4. Seasonal fluctuations of energy expenditure
6. Research priorities
The phenomenon of seasonality has recently attracted a lively interest, as testified by the rapidly expanding body of literature on this topic. In spite of this, the evidence gathered so far is inconclusive, often incomplete or contradictory or anecdotal.
In reviewing the literature on seasonality, it has been difficult in several cases to separate occasional from regularly recurring climatic or biological fluctuations, the two merging almost insensibly. The lack of distinction between the two situations might lead to unwarranted generalizations regarding the severity, frequency and geographic distribution of seasonal cycling of energy metabolism. In the context of this paper, seasonality refers to a regularly recurring set of conditions leading to approximately annual alternations of restricted and unrestricted access to food energy, often coinciding with periods of variable demand for physical labour. With this definition in mind, situations resulting either from chronic food deprivation or from acute famine have been left out.
part of this paper deals with the environmental characteristics
conducive to seasonal cycling in food availability and workloads.
The second part is a review of the literature on the actual
impact of seasonality on energy metabolism and has been divided
into two sections. The first comprises studies describing the
occurrence of body weight changes, taken as a proxy of energy
imbalance. The second section includes studies describing
seasonal fluctuations of BMR and energy expenditure, with or
without concomitant body weight changes. Studies on the
fluctuation in food availability and energy intake have been
omitted, unless evidence is presented that these functions
resulted in energy imbalance.
Climatic-environmental conditions have an enormous influence on the vegetative cycle of the food and cash crops on which the whole economy of rural households in Less Developed Countries (LDC) depends. The same factors that regulate the agricultural cycle can therefore be expected to impinge on the energy metabolism of the individuals. Essential factors are: temperature, water availability, nature and structure of the soil, solar radiation, and variation in the photoperiod.
In equatorial or tropical areas, where temperature, solar radiation and photoperiod do not undergo substantial seasonal fluctuations, the only factor that limits vegetal development is water availability. For example, even sorghum, a drought-resistant vegetal species, needs about 250,000 L of water per ton of total dry matter produced. Since artificial irrigation is rarely possible in LDC, rain and other factors which limit or increase the loss of water through percolation, evaporation and/or transpiration (i.e., the nature of the ground) are critical. Therefore, the best indicators of agricultural production potential in equatorial and tropical areas are absolute and relative seasonality, derived from pluviometric data.
Absolute seasonality is the proportion of dry months among all months of a year. Dryness is not an absolute value depending only on pluviometric data; it is corrected for the evapotranspiration in relation to the culture, temperature, exposure to winds, relative humidity, nature and granulometrical structure of the soil, direct and indirect radiation, etc. The range of absolute seasonality extends from 0 (sufficient rains all year long) to 1 (total lack of a period favouring the optimal growth of plants).
Relative seasonality is the ratio between the amount of rain in different months and annual pluviosity. This index ranges from 0 (no seasonality) to 1.8 (extreme seasonality).
By combining data on annual rainfall with values of absolute and relative seasonality, we have constructed a rough, global index; it describes the likelihood and intensity of seasonal fluctuations on simultaneous demand and availability of food energy (Figure 1). Desert areas, characterized by permanent shortage, represent a peculiar and extreme situation and have not been included in this analysis. The remaining areas are subdivided into three categories.
In the very low seasonality category are areas with annual rainfall of more than 1000 mm, reasonably distributed throughout the year, and with an index of absolute seasonality of less than 0.40. No seasonal interference with the energy balance of the population is expected.
In the moderate seasonality category are areas with an annual rainfall between 500 and 1000 mm, an absolute seasonality between 0.40 and 0.75, and a relative seasonality between 0.8 and 1. The high absolute pluviosity or a bimodal distribution of rains ensures that the vegetative cycle is prolonged. In these areas, the likelihood of seasonal fluctuations of energy metabolism of individuals is very limited. Since agricultural work is spread throughout the year and food crops are harvested on a semicontinuous basis, energy is available at all times, without occurrence of a "hungry season", except in particular situations such as rain failure in unusually dry years.
In the severe seasonality category are areas with an annual pluviosity of less than 500 mm, an absolute seasonality index higher than 0.75, and values of relative seasonality higher than 1. In these areas, the vegetative period is very brief, and farmers are forced to concentrate all their physical efforts on a time usually coinciding with depleted food stores. Furthermore, the shortage of water imposes wide spacing between furrows, and the brevity of the vegetative period creates the need to utilize seed cultivars which have a short cycle and are less productive than those with a longer cycle. All this leads to a reduced potential for food production in these areas. BAYLISS-SMITH (1981) calculated that, in one year, a hectare of soil in an area with an absolute seasonality index below 0.5 and a relative seasonality index below 0.6 will theoretically produce 40 to 44 tons of total dry matter. An area where the two indexes are above 0.8 can, in the same period and for the same unit of surface, produce at most a theoretical quantity of 10 tons of total dry matter.
Figure 1. Grading of climatic seasonality of some areas of the world (see text for explanation).
The conclusions are obvious:
1. In LDC areas with an essentially agricultural economy, climatic seasonality is undoubtedly the overriding cause of seasonal energy imbalance of the population, either through its impact on energy expenditure or on food energy availability, or on both.
2. The statement that seasonality is "... the rule among adults in rural areas of developing countries" (TEOKUL, PAYNE and DUGDALE, 1986) represents an unwarranted generalization.
3. In areas with non-seasonal or bimodal climatic conditions, major fluctuations of human energy balance are not to be expected.
4. As climatic seasonality increases, physical labour demand - and thereby energy expenditure - tends to concentrate in a brief annual bout. Food availability is limited in a similar seasonal manner. The two fluctuations are often asynchronous, compound each other's effect and cause marked seasonal imbalances of energy metabolism.
Profound and long-term physiological fluctuations of energy metabolism occur in several animal species: premigratory body fat deposition in birds, fattening in bears and marmots for hibernation, tail fat or hump fat reserves in certain sheep, zebus and camels provide examples of a purposeful accumulation of energy in the body in anticipation of regularly recurring energy deficits. In man, short-term fluctuations of energy balance probably occur all the time, in circadian rhythm, and his body appears to be well-equipped to mobilize stored energy. Body fat therefore may be legitimately regarded as a specialized organ, capable of correcting energy imbalance in the short term by mobilization of body energy stores to meet immediate needs as one of the early, if not the earliest
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over time.
If you’ve been struggling for several months (or the symptoms appear to be worsening), you may be experiencing PTSD. PTSD makes you feel like you are in dangerous and life-threatening distress even long after the event has passed.
Anyone is susceptible to PTSD, and the onset occurs at least one month after experiencing the event (earlier onset is often indicative of Acute Stress Disorder, another mental health condition). PTSD symptoms include:
- Re-experiencing symptoms (racing thoughts, nightmares, flashbacks)
- Avoidance symptoms (avoiding people, places, or situations reminiscent of the trauma)
- Arousal symptoms (feeling startled or tense, having anger outbursts)
- Mood and cognitive symptoms (losing interest in usual activities, heightened guilt and blame, negative thoughts about oneself and the world)
If untreated, PTSD can seriously impact your daily functioning. That’s because the severity of these symptoms can affect your quality of relationships, work and school performance, and typical household responsibilities.
Getting The Trauma Treatment You Need
PTSD is treatable. Seeking professional support during this time can help you learn how to better cope with symptoms and reestablish a healthier perception of yourself.
EMDR therapy empowers individuals who have experienced trauma by helping them reconcile parts of their past, present, and future. This therapy will desensitize some of the intense reactions rooted in your trauma symptoms. It will also help challenge (and change) some of the negative core beliefs you hold about yourself and the world around you.
Are you interested in learning more about how EMDR therapy can help you? Learm more about the services offered at Willow Counseling today- we are here to guide you through your journey towards recovery.
Willow Counseling, PLLC
Willow Counseling, PLLC exists to provide quality trauma-informed mental health counseling to the Nashville community, recognizing the interconnectedness of our emotional, spiritual and physical selves. We work together to alleviate symptoms, learn better coping skills, relieve burdens, remove the pain of trauma, and so much more. However, our greatest desire is for you to know what it means to feel purpose and joy again and to recognize the strength and worth you have to offer the world. Minkia ha trovato lavoro a Londra, entusiasmante! Nessuna nostalgia di Roccalumera!!!
Inizia con il volantinaggio per 50 sterline al giorno, poi farà l'imbianchino per 325 sterline a settimana. Nel frattempo ha cominciato a frequentare una buona scuola di inglese...quanto ci metterà ad imparare? I bookmaker scommettono su un minimo di 6 mesi! Dopo di che riuscirà ad introdursi in una seria istituzione finaziaria della City? qui le puntate sono ancora premature... ma c'è chi mormora gia che sta per nascere una nuova stella: un genio della finanza siculo che sconvolgerà i mercati finanziari internazionali!!!
p.s. il nostro eroe arriva in chat...
Minkia: comunque c'è di più ieri sera sono stato ad un disco bar, ad un tratto ne avevo una davanti e una di dietro che si strusciavano… imbarassing!!!
trafficantedecannelloni: ma che è successo con le due tipe?
minkia: nulla, mi ballavano adosso! Stasera vado in disco vediamo se c'è qualcuna che è disposta a farmi un with drou. Oh, ci siete? iman of shit? Ciccio, ieri sera all'inglese che vive qui gli ho fatto dire “annachiti u sangu”. minkia non puoi capire che ridere annachiti u sangu significa agita il tuo sangue, muoviti, poi iniziano a dire bene prelievi. adesso li devo far passare alla fase 2
risate che non ti dico con il greco quando cerco di dire qualcosa e ovviamente non ci riesco dopo vari tentativi diciamo la parola peace
trafficantedecannelloni: che greco?
minkia: si c'è un greco, che è ricercatore all'università, un sekkione, stà facendo uno studio con reti neurali dove dimostra che in base a ciò che facciamo usiamo solo parti parziali del cervello. Davvero ho visto il lavoro. È peggio di nat, pensa ha fatto una rete con 1000 neuroni.
trafficantedecannelloni: piu dei tuoi, no?
minkia: e si, i miei sono solo a 2 cifre forse, a voglia. stasera mi devono fare un prelievo a proposito. Mi sembra di stare a Taormina l'inglese è amico con uno che organizza serate praticamente non pago nelle disco ieri sera nn ho pagato stasera non pago. Ciccio è ‘na figata londra! belle fighe! ieri sera sono stato in un locale, Attica si chiama, stà sopra Piccadilly street non puoi capire!
trafficantedecannelloni: bonoooo
minkia: le fighe che c'erano! ciccini se pensavate che non mi ambientavo non avete capito un cazzo! devo trovare un buon lavoro e qui potrei buttarci l'ancora, per molto tempo. ciccini adesso vado a studiare, ciao. |Title:||Use decimal.Decimal type for timestamps|
|Author:||Victor Stinner <vstinner at redhat.com>|
- Rejection Notice
- Backwards Compatibility
- Objection: clocks accuracy
- Alternatives: Timestamp types
- Alternatives: API design
This PEP is rejected. See https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2012-February/116837.html.
Decimal becomes the official type for high-resolution timestamps to make Python support new functions using a nanosecond resolution without loss of precision.
Python 2.3 introduced float timestamps to support sub-second resolutions. os.stat() uses float timestamps by default since Python 2.5. Python 3.3 introduced functions supporting nanosecond resolutions:
- os module: futimens(), utimensat()
- time module: clock_gettime(), clock_getres(), monotonic(), wallclock()
os.stat() reads nanosecond timestamps but returns timestamps as float.
The Python float type uses binary64 format of the IEEE 754 standard. With a resolution of one nanosecond (10-9), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 224 seconds (194 days: 1970-07-14 for an Epoch timestamp).
Nanosecond resolution is required to set the exact modification time on filesystems supporting nanosecond timestamps (e.g. ext4, btrfs, NTFS, ...). It helps also to compare the modification time to check if a file is newer than another file. Use cases: copy the modification time of a file using shutil.copystat(), create a TAR archive with the tarfile module, manage a mailbox with the mailbox module, etc.
An arbitrary resolution is preferred over a fixed resolution (like nanosecond) to not have to change the API when a better resolution is required. For example, the NTP protocol uses fractions of 232 seconds (approximatively 2.3 × 10-10 second), whereas the NTP protocol version 4 uses fractions of 264 seconds (5.4 × 10-20 second).
With a resolution of 1 microsecond (10-6), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 233 seconds (272 years: 2242-03-16 for an Epoch timestamp). With a resolution of 100 nanoseconds (10-7, resolution used on Windows), float timestamps lose precision for values bigger than 229 seconds (17 years: 1987-01-05 for an Epoch timestamp).
Add decimal.Decimal as a new type for timestamps. Decimal supports any timestamp resolution, support arithmetic operations and is comparable. It is possible to coerce a Decimal to float, even if the conversion may lose precision. The clock resolution can also be stored in a Decimal object.
Add an optional timestamp argument to:
- os module: fstat(), fstatat(), lstat(), stat() (st_atime, st_ctime and st_mtime fields of the stat structure), sched_rr_get_interval(), times(), wait3() and wait4()
- resource module: ru_utime and ru_stime fields of getrusage()
- signal module: getitimer(), setitimer()
- time module: clock(), clock_gettime(), clock_getres(), monotonic(), time() and wallclock()
The timestamp argument value can be float or Decimal, float is still the default for backward compatibility. The following functions support Decimal as input:
- datetime module: date.fromtimestamp(), datetime.fromtimestamp() and datetime.utcfromtimestamp()
- os module: futimes(), futimesat(), lutimes(), utime()
- select module: epoll.poll(), kqueue.control(), select()
- signal module: setitimer(), sigtimedwait()
- time module: ctime(), gmtime(), localtime(), sleep()
The os.stat_float_times() function is deprecated: use an explicit cast using int() instead.
The decimal module is implemented in Python and is slower than float, but there is a new C implementation which is almost ready for inclusion in CPython.
The default timestamp type (float) is unchanged, so there is no impact on backward compatibility nor on performances. The new timestamp type, decimal.Decimal, is only returned when requested explicitly.
Computer clocks and operating systems are inaccurate and fail to provide nanosecond accuracy in practice. A nanosecond is what it takes to execute a couple of CPU instructions. Even on a real-time operating system, a nanosecond-precise measurement is already obsolete when it starts being processed by the higher-level application. A single cache miss in the CPU will make the precision worthless.
Linux actually is able to measure time in nanosecond precision, even though it is not able to keep its clock synchronized to UTC with a nanosecond accuracy.
To support timestamps with an arbitrary or nanosecond resolution, the following types have been considered:
- number of nanoseconds
- 128-bits float
- tuple of integers
- timespec structure
- Doing arithmetic on timestamps must be possible
- Timestamps must be comparable
- An arbitrary resolution, or at least a resolution of one nanosecond without losing precision
- It should be possible to coerce the new timestamp to float for backward compatibility
A resolution of one nanosecond is enough to support all current C functions.
The best resolution used by operating systems is one nanosecond. In practice, most clock accuracy is closer to microseconds than nanoseconds. So it sounds reasonable to use a fixed resolution of one nanosecond.
A nanosecond resolution is enough for all current C functions and so a timestamp can simply be a number of nanoseconds, an integer, not a float.
The number of nanoseconds format has been rejected because it would require to add new specialized functions for this format because it not possible to differentiate a number of nanoseconds and a number of seconds just by checking the object type.
Add a new IEEE 754-2008 quad-precision binary float type. The IEEE 754-2008 quad precision float has 1 sign bit, 15 bits of exponent and 112 bits of mantissa. 128-bits float is supported by GCC (4.3), Clang and ICC compilers.
Python must be portable and so cannot rely on a type only available on some platforms. For example, Visual C++ 2008 doesn't support 128-bits float, whereas it is used to build the official Windows executables. Another example: GCC 4.3 does not support __float128 in 32-bit mode on x86 (but GCC 4.4 does).
There is also a license issue: GCC uses the MPFR library for 128-bits float, library distributed under the GNU LGPL license. This license is not compatible with the Python license.
The x87 floating point unit of Intel CPU supports 80-bit floats. This format is not supported by the SSE instruction set, which is now preferred over float, especially on x86_64. Other CPU vendors don't support 80-bit float.
The datetime.datetime type is the natural choice for a timestamp because it is clear that this type contains a timestamp, whereas int, float and Decimal are raw numbers. It is an absolute timestamp and so is well defined. It gives direct access to the year, month, day, hours, minutes and seconds. It has methods related to time like methods to format the timestamp as string (e.g. datetime.datetime.strftime).
The major issue is that except os.stat(), time.time() and time.clock_gettime(time.CLOCK_GETTIME), all time functions have an unspecified starting point and no timezone information, and so cannot be converted to datetime.datetime.
datetime.datetime has also issues with timezone. For example, a datetime object without timezone (unaware) and a datetime with a timezone (aware) cannot be compared. There is also an ordering issues with daylight saving time (DST) in the duplicate hour of switching from DST to normal time.
datetime.datetime has been rejected because it cannot be used for functions using an unspecified starting point like os.times() or time.clock().
For time.time() and time.clock_gettime(time.CLOCK_GETTIME): it is already possible to get the current time as a datetime.datetime object using:
For os.stat(), it is simple to create a datetime.datetime object from a decimal.Decimal timestamp in the UTC timezone:
datetime.datetime only supports microsecond resolution, but can be enhanced to support nanosecond.
datetime.timedelta is the natural choice for a relative timestamp because it is clear that this type contains a timestamp, whereas int, float and Decimal are raw numbers. It can be used with datetime.datetime to get an absolute timestamp when the starting point is known.
datetime.timedelta has been rejected because it cannot be coerced to float and has a fixed resolution. One new standard timestamp type is enough, Decimal is preferred over datetime.timedelta. Converting a datetime.timedelta to float requires an explicit call to the datetime.timedelta.total_seconds() method.
datetime.timedelta only supports microsecond resolution, but can be enhanced to support nanosecond.
To expose C functions in Python, a tuple of integers is the natural choice to store a timestamp because the C language uses structures with integers fields (e.g. timeval and timespec structures). Using only integers avoids the loss of precision (Python supports integers of arbitrary length). Creating and parsing a tuple of integers is simple and fast.
Depending of the exact format of the tuple, the precision can be arbitrary or fixed. The precision can be choose as the loss of precision is smaller than an arbitrary limit like one nanosecond.
Different formats have been proposed:
- A: (numerator, denominator)
- value = numerator / denominator
- resolution = 1 / denominator
- denominator > 0
- B: (seconds, numerator, denominator)
- value = seconds + numerator / denominator
- resolution = 1 / denominator
- 0 <= numerator < denominator
- denominator > 0
- C: (intpart, floatpart, base, exponent)
- value = intpart + floatpart / baseexponent
- resolution = 1 / base exponent
- 0 <= floatpart < base exponent
- base > 0
- exponent >= 0
- D: (intpart, floatpart, exponent)
- value = intpart + floatpart / 10exponent
- resolution = 1 / 10 exponent
- 0 <= floatpart < 10 exponent
- exponent >= 0
- E: (sec, nsec)
- value = sec + nsec × 10-9
- resolution = 10 -9 (nanosecond)
- 0 <= nsec < 10 9
All formats support an arbitrary resolution, except of the format (E).
The format (D) may not be able to store the exact value (may loss of precision) if the clock frequency is arbitrary and cannot be expressed as a power of 10. The format (C) has a similar issue, but in such case, it is possible to use base=frequency and exponent=1.
The formats (C), (D) and (E) allow optimization for conversion to float if the base is 2 and to decimal.Decimal if the base is 10.
The format (A) is a simple fraction. It supports arbitrary precision, is simple (only two fields), only requires a simple division to get the floating point value, and is already used by float.as_integer_ratio().
To simplify
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artlara göre; içinde Emilia Romagna Tarihi merkezlerde sırtın yüksekliğini ve çatının eğimini değiştirmek yasaktır.
Tavan aralarının düzeltilmesi: mekanların en iyi şekilde nasıl döşeneceği
Not aldıtavan arasında yaşanabilirlik o Çatı katının yaşanabilirliğinde yaşanabilirliği değiştiren işleri bitirdi, mobilyaların nasıl düzenleneceğini planlamak ve ilk önce fonksiyon çevre yerine getirmeli, çünkü buna göre elemanlar ve elemanlar tamamlar doğru mobilyalar.
Öncemobilya ortamın yaşanabilir olup olmadığını kontrol etmek iyidir, yani parlaklıkAksi takdirde, bir dizi pencere tanıtmak mümkündür. çatı pencereleri Bu ışık efekti geliştirmek ve gerektiğinde gizlemek.
Birini iyi döşemek çatı katı odası kurnazlık yapmak ve bunun özelliklerini bilmek gereklidir tipoloji Alanın; alt kısımlar, örneğin, ana ünite karşılık gelenler şev Çatı, duvar dolaplarının yerleştirilmesinde kullanılmalı, gerisi normlara göre uygun yükseklikte yaşanabilir alana yerleştirilebilir.
Şirket bu sektörde kesinlikle bir referanstır VELUX Italia s.p.a.kendi sektöründe lider, yaygın yetkili bayi ağı sayesinde İtalya genelinde mevcut.
Tavan arasını yenileyin: yaşanabilir tavan aramaları için pencereler
doğal ışık tavan arasında yaşamayı keyifli hale getirir. ev yaşamının refahını ve kalitesini artırmak; Windows temel bir rol oynamaktadır ve bu yüzden şirket VELUX yıllardır ürün teklif ediyor kalite En talepkar müşteri ve tasarımcıların bile ihtiyaçlarını tam olarak karşılayacak şekilde tasarlanmıştır.
Ben çok modeller her ikisi için de kullanılabilir eğimli çatılar düz çatılar için olandan; yaşanabilir tavan belirli modellere ihtiyaç duyan kayda değer fakat aynı zamanda yatay eğimlere de sahip olabilirler. pencereler.
Bu konuda, VELUX son zamanlarda bir yeni model pencere düz çatılar için kavisli cam Yağmuru basit bir şekilde kaydıran sürekli ve çerçevesiz, daha fazla ışığın girmesini sağlar; pencere maksimum garanti altına almak için tasarlanmıştır konfor ayrıca sayesinde güneş ekranlar.
VELUX tarafından önerilen düz çatı penceresi dizayn mükemmel ve entegre bir şekilde modern ve minimal çatı ve her türlü ortamda açılış versiyonunda mevcuttur. INTEGRA güç veya söz konusu kavisli camın her zaman birleştirildiği sabit açılmayan pencerede.
Elektrikli açılabilir versiyon standart camlara sahip olabilir düşük emisyonlu veya lamine cam hırsızlık ayrıca kavisli temperli dış camla birleştirilmiştir; ayrıca kurulabilir şev Tavanın 0° ile 15° arası.
Kavisli bir cam pencereyle yaşanabilir tavan arası
yerel çatı katı özellikle bir VELUX penceresinin kavisli camdan yerleştirilmesi ve takılması ile karakterize edilir. bitiş dışarıda.
Bu tür çerçeve, içinde açılabilir versiyon elektrik, uzaktan çalışır ve programlanabilir.
Sayesinde yağmur sensörü pencere yağmur yağdığında yalnız kapanır, baz içinde izole PVC bakım gerektirmeyen beyaz, cam düşük emisyonlu veya hırsızlık önleyici katmanlı olabilir, bir karartma perdesi veya bir filtreleme perdesi barındırabilir gölge günün bazı saatlerinde.
Pencerenin dış kısmı, çerçeveyi kayan çerçevesiz kavisli cam ile tanımlanır. yağmur ve aynı zamanda kir, doğal ışığın girişi en üst düzeye çıkarılır, cam ise katılaşmış elemanlara dayanacak kadar 6 mm.
Bu tür pencerelere ek olarak, VELUX müşterileri için de pencereler sunar. düz çatılar 4 mm temperli düz cam tesisat 5 ila 15° arasında.
Açılabilir tavan penceresi manuel versiyon Elektrikli VELUX INTEGRA modelinde çalışma ortamları için değil, aynı zamanda düz çatılı konut alanları için de idealdir.
Bu pencerenin temel işlevi çevreye olduğu kadar çevreye de ışık vermektir. havalandırmak sağlıklı bir iç mekan iklimi sağlama alanı, çevre rahatlığını arttırır, kurtarmak enerjisel olarak, ayrıca kontrol pedi dokunmatik ekrançerçeveyi açıp kapatmanızı veya kişisel ihtiyaçlarınıza göre programlamanızı sağlayan bir sistem.
Onlar iyi var 8 program Bir dizi ihtiyacı karşılamak için önceden tanımlanmış doğrulamalar; manuel sürüm bir açık artırma kullanır manevra pencereyi açmak ve kapatmak için maksimum uzunluğu 188 cm.
düz çatılar için pencere sabit modda da satın alınabilir, yani açılabilir değil. Her durumda, bu, düz çatılı binaların az ışıklı ortamlarını aydınlatan büyük miktarda doğal ışığı garanti eder ve hırsızlık önleyici cam daha fazla güvenlik için ve en iyi termal performansı garanti eder. Modern ve minimalist bir tasarıma sahip, her iki yeni için uygundur tesisat veya değiştirilmesi kubbeler Varolan.
Tavan arasını dekore et ve evin karanlık köşelerine doğal ışık tut.
Bir zamanlar kullanım hedefini yaşanabilir tavan, tasarlanmış işlevleri yerine getirmek için mekanı belirli mobilya ve aksesuarlarla donatmanız gerekir, ancak daha sonra yaşanabilirlik bunlara doğal ışık vermek karanlık köşeler ekstremitelerde yerleştirilir.
VELUX bir sunar çözüm sıradışı çatılar için olduğu gibi düz çatılar için, ayrıca ticari ve endüstriyel binalar için sıra dışı güneş güneş tüneli aksesuarlar.
Basit bir algılayıcı çatıya yerleştirilmiş, baz PVC ve şeffaf bir akrilik kubbede, tünel doğal ışığı toplar ve özel bir ışıkla odalara taşır yürütülen çatıdan odalara çok yansıtıcı.
Düz çatı modelinde bu nedenle çatılara monte edilebilir. şev 0° ile 15° arasında, daha fazla eğim olması durumunda, daha sonra güneş tüneli eğimli çatılar için; Her durumda, güneş tüneli engelsiz doğrusal bir yola ihtiyaç duyar.
Güneş tüneli 35 cm çapında optimum verim İlave lineer ve kavisli uzatmalar ile 10 m'ye kadar, 1.70 m uzunluğunda ve 0° ve 45° 'lik iki ayarlanabilir eğri, iki doğrusal eleman ve buhar bariyeri, beyaz çerçeveli iç tavan lambası ve malzeme temel 9 metrekarelik oda için yeterli.
Kurtarma tavanı yaşanabilir hale getirmek için
Eğer bir evin varsa yaşanabilir tavan tavan arasını yaşanabilir tavan arasına dönüştürmek, çevrenin parlaklığını arttırmak, sektörde lider bir şirketle iletişim kurmanız önerilir. VELUX Italia s.p.a., üretiminde uzmanlaşmış kaliteli pencereler eğimli çatılar ve düz çatılar için, güneş tünelleri, panjur ve perdeler, otomasyon sistemleri, tesisat için tesisat ve ürünler.
Ek olarak satışŞirket tarafından sağlanan kalifiye personel sadece pencereleri kurmakla kalmaz yardım ve bakım.
VELUX pencereleri CE işareti ve dolayısıyla üretimi ile birlikte, Tek Avrupa Piyasası'nın gerçekleştirilmesine katkıda bulunur, böylece teknik engeller bu önlemek ticaret Avrupa içinde. آستان قدس عباسی، تمام نیروهای خود را به منظور برگزاری مراسم عزاداری "رکضه طویریج" و میزبانی از زائران عزادار در روز دهم عاشورا بسیج کرده است.
آقای خلیل مهدی محمد، رئیس بخش نگهداری صحن شریف اظهار داشت: "بخشهای انتظامات، نگهداری صحن شریف، امور خدماتی و بین الحرمین شریف در آستان قدس عباسی، با همکاری یکدیگر اقدام به مفروش کردن ورودیهای آستان قدس عباسی با شن و ماسه، برای برگزاری مراسم "رکضه طویریج" نمودهاند."
وی افزود: "آستان قدس عباسی تلاش میکند تا در راستای بزرگداشت روز عاشورا در جوار حرم مطهر امام حسین و برادر بزرگوار ایشان حضرت ابالفضل العباس (علیهما السلام)، بهترین خدمات را به زائران ورودی از داخل و خارج از عراق ارائه نماید."
وی با بیان اینکه: "آستان قدس از سالهای پیش، ورودیهای منتهی به حرم مطهر و به ویژه باب امام حسن و امام حسین (علیهما السلام) را گسترش داده است." خاطرنشان کرد "ورودی باب امام حسین (علیه اسلام) پس از توسعه به ۱۵ متر رسیده است و از این جهت، همگان میتوانند بدون هیچ مشکلی در ورود و خروج از صحن مطهر، در مراسم "رکضه" شرکت نمایند." The International Space Station, which celebrates its 15th birthday today, has had an interesting year in orbit—and in fiction. Astronaut Chris Hadfield turned it into his recording studio. The first private spacecraft reached the station, signaling the dawn of a new era in orbit. And in the film Gravity, a fictional barrage of space junk tore the ISS apart.
The anniversary of the November 1998 space
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stronaut. I ended up not being accepted the program. But Krista says that someday she will go to space for me.
Now 11 years old, Krista is a bit more advanced in her vocabulary. Instead of "a rock scientist," she now wants to be "a geologist or the first woman on Mars." Krista probably isn't the only girl with those kinds of dreams. In the past four years, space science education has become a basic part of our camp program. It is as much a part of camp as archery, nature education, and arts and crafts.
One of our slogans at camp is "Girls Can Do Anything." That means enabling girls to do math and science, and to have fun being smart. What better way to do that than to learn about the solar system and explore the universe?
The author, Debby Stork, is the director of Camp Little Cloud. She is also a science teacher and the proud mother of two Girl Scouts. NASA works with Girl Scout trainers all over the country so that young girls can learn about space science.
See previous Space Science Explorers articles:
+ View site
Women in Space
+ View site
The Space Place: Girl Scout Badge Resources
+ View site
Edited by Dan Stillman, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies 时尚广告经常是国际摄影师、造型师、超模打造出来的震撼画面。但一组好广告，除了有顶尖团队，也必须展现设计师对该系列的创作核心。在春夏季已逐渐模糊的今日，有哪些广告是特别吸引Andy的呢？
JACQUEMUS
有时候，我们觉得高级品牌和我们距离很遥远，因为很难想像自己可以穿得美如照片中的人。但由David Luraschi掌镜，由设计师Simon Porte Jacquemus亲自负责美术指导的广告，又似乎把我们和时尚的距离拉远了。模特在此犹如一尊雕像，完全被孤立、理想化，仔细看基座更刻上品牌名字。这尝试也被时尚行内人说，是Jacquemus最大胆宣示自己个性的一次。 دانشجویان دانشگاه ایالتی میشیگان (MSU) هستند شکایت از یک استاد که گفته می شود آنها و سایر دانشجویان را مجبور کرده است که هر کدام 99 دلار به سازمان حمایت سیاسی شخصی خود بپردازند. حدود 60000 دلار برای انجمن شورش جمعآوری شد، که برنامهریزی والدین و دیگر اه، لیبرال را تأمین مالی میکند. MSU پیشنهاد بازپرداخت پول را داده است، اما امی ویزنر، استاد بازاریابی در کالج تجارت MSU (که طبق گزارشات دانشگاه آزاد شده است) م،م به بازگرداندن هیچ یک از پول ها نشده است. دانشآموزان ادعا میکنند که ویسنر به یک صفحه فیسبوک مرتبط با «جامعه شورش» پیوند داده است و خاطرنشان کرد: «جامعه شورش مک، امن برای هماهنگ ، تلاشهای ما برای سوزاندن همه چیز به زمین است». واقعیت این است که، حتی در شورشی برای «سوزاندن همه چیز»، ویسنر فضای امنی را برای آتش افروزان خود توصیف کرد).
ویزنر ممکن است در آموزش یک درس ماندگار در مورد بازاریابی در ،ب ده ها هزار دلار از دانش آموزان خود موفق شده باشد.
در این شکایت ادعا شده است که در حالی که ویسنر به دانش آموزان گفته است که از کمک های اجباری بهره مند نخواهد شد، او در واقع شخصاً از این سود بهره مند شده است. علاوه بر این، آنها ادعا می کنند که او ممکن است مقداری از پول را برای ،ید یک RV استفاده کرده باشد. در شکایت زیر آمده است:
«در 16 آگوست 2022، متهم ویسنر یک کمپین «GoFundMe» را برای جمعآوری پول برای یک سفر جادهای RV راهاندازی کرد. [sic] در سراسر ایالات متحده برای ایجاد جوامعی از شورشیان متعهد به انجام کار» و «شعلهور ، اقدامات در سطح محلی».
این ا،ام به وضوح حقوق آزادی بیان دانشجوی، را که مخالف کار گروه بودند یا نمی خواستند مجبور به حمایت از یک گروه به ،وان شرط شرکت در ک، MSU باشند، نقض می کرد.
شایان ذکر است، این شکایت همچنین از توماس جیچکو، استاد موقت و رئیس امور آکادمیک دانشگاه نام برده است. شکایت در صفحه 4 بیان می کند که “Jeitschko شخصاً سیاست مربوط به اهدای درآمدهای دریافتی از مواد درسی اختصاص داده شده مورد بحث در این دادخواست را تأیید کرد.”
جودیت ویپل، رئیس موقت دانشکده بازرگ، نیز در مقام رسمی خود در این دادخواست نام برده شده است.
دانشگاه اعلام کرده است که ویزنر دیگر استاد کمک مدرسه نیست. با این حال، هیچ اقدام آشکاری از سوی دانشگاه علیه ،، که بر ویزنر نظارت می،د و به او اجازه میدادند از ک،ی که گفته میشد برای اه، حزبی و خودخواهانه استفاده می،د، وجود ندارد. کمک های مالی مورد نیاز نشان دهنده احساس مجوز برای تبدیل دوره های دانشگاهی به کارگاه های حمایت مستقیم است. به نظر شما این حس مصونیت از مجازات از کجا می آید؟
پیشنهاد این است که ویزنر به صورت خودجوش و یک جانبه ظاهر شد و عمل کرد. بدیهی است که اینطور نیست. شخصی این شخص را استخدام کرد، بر این استاد نظارت کرد و در این ک، امضا کرد.
منبع: https://jonathanturley.org/2023/05/23/michigan-state-university-professor-allegedly-required-students-to-contribute-to-her-advocacy-group/ When detected early, breast cancer is treated successfully 98% of the time. Researchers continue to make impressive gains in the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. For example, according to the Mayo Clinic, the radical mastectomy, once a standard procedure for women with breast cancer, is now rarely performed.
However, breast cancer in seniors remains a very potent disease that will only be eradicated if women follow the recommended schedule and undergo annual mammograms. Recent statistics suggest that women are skipping annual mammograms, the key procedure to screening.
The National Cancer Institute estimates that 226,870 women will be diagnosed with and 39,510 women will die of cancer of the breast in 2012. The number of new cases has increased every year for the past thirty years, though death from breast cancer has decreased slightly. Breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancerous death after lung cancer. It is also the second most common cancer among women after non-melanoma skin cancer.
Like all cancers, breast cancer begins with abnormal cell growth. These "bad" cells develop too quickly and spread, or metastasize, throughout the breast, often entering lymph nodes located under the arm or even moving into other parts of the body.
There are several signs of potential breast cancer, including a bloody discharge from or retraction of the nipple; a change in the size or contour of the breast; and a flattening, redness, or pitting of skin over the breast. A lump in the breast remains the most common sign.
If a woman detects a lump, she should see her doctor; however, the Mayo Clinic recommends waiting through one menstrual cycle, as breast shape changes throughout the cycle.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women in the United States, with more than 180,000 reported cases yearly. Despite recent advances, more than 41,000 women per year die of breast cancer in the United States alone. Other than female gender, age is the most important risk factor for the development of breast cancer. In the United States, women aged 65 years or older represent about 13% of the female population but account for nearly 50% of the newly diagnosed breast cancers. More than 60% of breast cancer deaths occur among women over age 65.
Despite the high prevalence of breast cancer among older women and the significant associated morbidity and mortality, researchers have only recently focused on treatment questions in this patient group. Most clinical trials and almost all randomized trials have included few women over age 65. Extrapolation of results of many clinical trials to the geriatric population must be done with caution because of potential differences in tumor biology, host physiology, and problems common among older patients, including comorbidity, impaired functional status, and lack of social support.
This chapter examines the epidemiology, natural history, treatment, and care patterns of breast cancer in the elderly.
Several primary risk factors are believed to increase the likelihood of breast cancer. However, it's important to keep in mind that most people with one or even several of these risk factors do not get breast cancer.
The Mayo Clinic and National Cancer Institute list these primary risk factors:
- Chest radiation as a child
- Start of menarche before the age of 12
- Adolescent weight gain
- No pregnancy or late pregnancy (after 30)
- Lengthy use of oral contraceptives
- Post-menopausal weight gain
- Late menopause (after age of 50)
- Increased breast tissue density
Excessive exposure to estrogen, the hormone that promotes the appearance of female secondary sex characteristics, appears to be the leading factor in developing breast cancer. Exposure to a combination of estrogen and progesterone for over a four-year period also increases the risk of breast cancer. This is especially significant due to trends in estrogen therapies to stave off premenopausal syndrome and other maladies. The more recent reduction of hormone replacement therapy has perhaps led to the recent slight decline in breast cancer cases for women over 50. Le
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����改制的破靴子，手持木棍作‘手仗’。”在那些日子里，这是显赫的象征，证明他属于人民。
“我们总是那么几个人……首先是兄弟般的问候；之后，大家便报告说，各地的‘种子’已经播下，甚至生根了；末了，他们便问，我们是否也可作同一汇报。我们常常强调要以一个单位行动。活动费一般仅有５个马克，而一次活动竟达１７马克的高峰。”
希特勒最终说服了委员会用召开较大型会议的办法增加党员人数。在兵营里，他利用连队的打字机，亲自打出了邀请人们参加首次会议的请帖；他还用手写。在首次会议的当晚，７名委员在等候“预计前来赴会的群众”。一小时过去了，谁也没有来。“我们还是７人，原来的７人。”希特勒改变了战术。请帖是油印的；这次，来了几个人。慢慢地，赴会人数从１１人增至１３人，最后达到３４人。
会议的捐款被用作广告费。他们在一家民间的反犹报纸上刊登广告，宣布于１０月１６日在霍夫布劳斯酒馆的地下室里召开群众大会。
如果到会人数如前，这次的费用恐怕已使工人党破产。哈尔雷很悲观，但希特勒坚持说，会有许多人来的；到下午７时，烟雾弥漫的室内已集合了７７人。对当晚之主要演讲人是如何接待的，现已无案可查；但我们知道，几乎就在希特勒踏上安放在主台上的、粗糙的讲经台上时，听众如同“触电一般”。他原定发言２０分钟，可一讲就是半个钟头，谴责、威胁和保证之辞，有如流水，从他口中喷射出来。他失去控制，大动感情；当他在热烈的掌声中就坐时，已是满脸汗水了。他虽然精气力尽，却满心欢喜，“先前我只内心感觉到的、却又无法试验的东西，现在被证实了：我能演说！”
这不仅是他生涯中的转折点，也是“德国工人党”的转折点。热情的听众当场捐赠了３００马克；现在，他们有钱刊登更多的广告和印刷标语口号了。１１月１３日，第二次群众大会召开了。这次大会是在埃伯尔布劳啤酒厅举行的，１３０多人（大部分是学生，小店主和军官）参加了大会。大会发言人共有４人；入场券每张５０个芬尼——这是当地政治活动中的一件新鲜事物。吸引众人的主要是希特勒。讲演至中途，一些乡巴佬开始高声怪叫，扰乱会场。幸好希特勒早与军队内的朋友打好招呼，所以，不到几分钟，扰乱分子“便抱着流血的脑袋，滚下楼去。”会议的中断反而激得希特勒更加慷慨激昂。在讲演结束时，他强令大家起来反抗。“德国的惨境必须用德国的钢铁打破。那样的时刻必然到来。”
希特勒再次令听众倾倒。他演讲时用的是原色声，感情又奔放，这就使他与专讲理论的知识分子有很大的不同。有个在场的警察，在蔑视希特勒是个商人后报告说，他“火候掌握得非常好”，必将成为一个“职业的讲演宣传家”。他的呼吁是他的肺腑之言——爱祖国，憎恨带来１９１８年失败的犹太人。这种讲演方法，以及他所使用的街道和战壕语言，使老兵们认识到，他也曾分享过机关枪、铁丝网和肮脏的民主，能体现前线的、神圣的同伴的手足之情。
不到两星期，另一次热烈的群众大会又召开了，参加人数达到１７０。１２月１０日，他们使用了一个更大的酒馆——“德意志帝国”酒馆。尽管曾宣布大厅内有暖气，群众还是纷纷离场。这时，几位委员便说，会议开得太勤了。一场激烈的辩论展开了。希特勒争辩说，在一个有７０万居民的城市里，别说两星期开会一次，就是每周１０次也开得起。他说，他们所走的道路是正确的，胜利迟早必然到来。他的坚持果然得到了报答。群众大会的新址坐落在达豪埃大街，靠近兵营。开会时，士兵们蜂拥而来，使参加人数突破了２００。
希特勒的飞黄腾达，使其他委员深感不安。他们反对他那火山爆发式的、轻松活泼的风格。另外，由于吸引了大量粗鲁的军人，他正在改变整个组织的面貌。他们害怕党被毁灭。德莱克斯勒虽然也同样忧虑，但他坚信，希特勒是党的希望。在他的支持下，希特勒当上了党的宣传部门负责人。提拔后的希特勒，对党务之低效提出了更严厉的批评。没有办公室和设备，党怎样办公？他亲自动手，在他被介绍入党的地方斯特纳卡找了一间办公室。这间房子很小，做过酒室。房租也便宜，每月才５０马克；房东将木隔板拆除使它“更像殡葬大厅而不像办公室”时，委员会并未抱怨。他用梅耳上尉给的钱和党的基金，在室内装了电灯和电话，还配备上桌椅、书橱、碗橱等家具。希特勒的下一个措施是雇请经理，全天办公。他在兵营找到一个中士，此人“正直、绝对忠诚老实”。上班时，他把自己的艾德勒牌的手提打字机也带来了。
那年１２月，希特勒要求对党的组织进行全面改革，将一个辩论性质的社团改造成一真正的政党。由于他们满足于一个极右的小组，大多数委员均反对改革。他们不像希特勒那样能看清宣传本身并不是目的，而是推翻魏玛共和国的手段。辛勤操劳的德莱克斯勒再次支持希特勒。在德莱克斯勒家里，两人积极草拟党的计划和纲领，一讨论就是几小时。他俩的关系主要是靠对犹太人的不信任和仇恨来维持的。据德莱克斯勒说，因为犹太人和工会的关系，他几度失业，后来成了“激进的反犹主义者和反马克思主义者”。他住在舒适的尼姆芬区，希特勒常坐电车去他那里。两人常埋头工作，连吃晚饭都得德莱克斯勒太太几次三番来叫。“我的小姑娘常爬在希特勒的膝上，”德莱克斯勒回忆说，“她知道她是受欢迎的。”对她，他是阿道夫叔叔。
１９１９年末的一个晚上，希特勒“夹着一大捆手稿”来到德莱克斯勒家里。这是党的纲领草稿。两人埋头工作了几小时，将它“压缩”到尽可能简单。“告诉你吧，我们绞尽了脑汁！”德莱克斯勒回忆说。直到次日早晨才搞完。希特勒跳了起来，以拳击桌。“我们的这些意见”，他喊道，“可与惠登伯格门上的路德的牌子相抗衡！”
纲领包括了２５点。希特勒要求在群众大会上予以公布。
可以预言，委员会是持反对意见的。他们不但反对里边的许多观点，而且还反对召开群众大会。德莱克斯勒起初也表示怀疑，后来终于同意了希特勒的意见，再次开会时全力支持了他。反对派的意见被否决，于是开会日期便定了下来：１９２０年２月２４日。
用醒目的红字印制的标语口号、路牌等遍布慕尼黑。此时的希特勒倒害怕起来了，他怕自己的演讲会使“群众打哈欠”。大会定在晚７时３０分开始。７时１５分，当希特勒步入霍夫布劳斯酒店的宴会大厅时，他发现，厅里挤得满满的，约有２０００人。他高兴得“心都快跳出来了”。尤其令他高兴的是，与会者约半数以上是共产党人或独立社会主义者。他相信，敌对听众中真正有理想的人是会转到他这边来的，而他也欢迎他们捣乱会场。
大会开始了，会场很安静。主讲人是个富有经验的“民间”讲演者丁格费尔德。他拐弯抹角地攻击了犹太人。他引用了莎士比亚和席勒的话；其攻击之柔和，甚至连共产党人也未����
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likle bir GST/HST hesabına kaydolmanız gerekir:
- Kanada'daki müşterilere vergiye tabi ürünler veya hizmetler satıyor ve bu siparişleri Kanada'da bulunan bir depodan gönderiyorsanız.
- Kanada'daki vergiye tabi satışlardan elde ettiğiniz gelir, son on iki ayda 30.000 CAD'den fazlaysa.
Yukarıdaki durumlardan herhangi biri sizin için geçerliyse, satışlarınızdan vergi tahsil etmeniz, bu vergileri ilgili vergi dairesine havale etmeniz ve vergi dairesine düzenli raporlar beyan etmeniz gerekebilir. Satışlarınız söz konusu eşikten daha düşük ise GST/HST hesabına kaydolmanız gerekmediği gibi vergileri tahsil etmeniz veya havale etmeniz de gerekmez.
Kanada vergi kurallarının bir özeti için Kanada vergilerine dair referans bölümüne bakın.
Vergi dairelerinize kaydolma
Bir veya daha fazla Kanada yargı yerinde satış vergisi almanız gerekiyorsa ilgili makamların her biriyle iletişime geçerek kaydolmanız gerekir. Süreç, işletmenizin nerede olduğuna, nerede satış yaptığınıza ve ayrı ayrı hükümet gerekliliklerine bağlı olarak değişir.
Çeşitli Kanada vergi dairelerine yönlendiren bağlantılar için Kanada vergi dairelerine kaydolma bölümüne bakın.
Kayıtlı olduğunuz bölgeleri ayarlama
Vergi dairelerine kaydolup sicil numaranızı aldıysanız artık vergilerinizi ayarlayabilirsiniz. Bu adımları bir kez uygulamanız yeterlidir.
Adımlar:
- Shopify yöneticisinde, Ayarlar > Vergiler ve gümrük vergileri'ne gidin.
- Ülkeler/bölgeler bölümünde Kanada'ya tıklayın.
- Satış vergisi bölümünde Satış vergisi tahsil et'e tıklayın.
- Kayıtlı olduğunuz bir bölgeyi seçin.
- Vergi numarası alanına vergi numaranızı girin. Bir vergi numarası için başvurduysanız ancak henüz numaranızı almadıysanız bu kutuyu boş bırakın. Numaranızı aldığınızda bu alanı güncelleyebilirsiniz.
- Satış vergisi tahsil et'e tıklayın.
- İsteğe bağlı: Daha fazla bölge ve hesap numarası eklemek için Satış vergisi tahsil et'e tıklayın.
Kayıtlarınızı veya hesap numaralarınızı değiştirmek ya da kaldırmak için, vergi hesabının yanındaki
... düğmesine tıklayıp Düzenle veya Sil seçeneğini belirleyebilirsiniz.
Sonraki adımlar
Varsayılan vergi ücretlerinin geçerli olmadığı ürünler için vergi geçersiz kılma işlemleri oluşturabilirsiniz. The Rover and Helicopter launched by NASA on 30th July, 2020 on an Atlas V launch vehicle had a goal of landing on Jezero crater on Mars one of the eight shortlisted places for the vehicle to land and for experimenting exobiological relevance of former habitat on Mars and also its geological processes. It will look into the possibility of life on Mars back in days and for the future. All the possibilities for humans to land there will also be verified with the help of Perseverance, the rover and Ingenuity, the robotic helicopter. The vehicle is so designed that it is capable of carrying back the rock core and soil samples to Earth for various other experiments. NASA has planned to send humans to the Red planet by 2030 and the pre-work is done through Mars 2020 mission
The Satellite launched in 2020 reached the Red planet on February 18th, 2021 and is functioning according to the estimation of the scientists and they were also able to view the smooth landing of the vehicle with the help of a parachute. The rover sent the first few pictures of the Martian surface as soon as it landed and also an 18 seconds audio was available where the gushing of wind was heard. The rover will be helping the scientists on planet Earth to make future estimation about Mars and the Robotic helicopter will reach places where humans cannot imagine to land on Mars. Henceforth NASA plans to know everything about Mars before humans can land there for further experiments.
NASA which had already sent a robot Curiosity back in 2012 has been there for 3000 and odd days in Gale Crater has been doing great with its job and the Perseverance is been designed in the similar manner except for its wheels whose design has been changed to meet the requirements of the present mission.
Before the satellite was ready for launch, NASA experimented with a drive called “Send your name to Mars” so as to reach the public and also to acknowledge them about the mission and in June 2019 they had received thousands of names and by March 2020 they had finalised the name as ‘Perseverance’. Through this mission they also acclaimed the corona warriors all over the world by attaching an aluminium plate on the vehicle which had a logo describing the Doctors, Planet Earth and also the path that the vehicle took off from Earth to Mars.
Hence in the coming days NASA will be updating us on its various achievements of landing on Mars and the result of various experiments which will benefit the world in large. In The Midst of Hardship by Latiff Mohidin
In the Midst of Hardship by Latiff Mohidin
At dawn they returned home
their soaky clothes torn
and approached the stove
their limbs marked by scratches
their legs full of wounds
but on their brows
there was not a sign of despair
The whole day and night just passed
they had to brave the horrendous flood
in the water all the time
between bloated carcasses
and tiny chips of tree barks
desperately looking for their son’s
albino buffalo that was never found
They were born amidst hardship
and grew up without a sigh or a complaint
now they are in the kitchen, making
jokes while rolling their ciggarete leaves
This poem is about a family who faces hardship whereby their son’s albino buffalo is nowhere to be found. A flood occurs and they go out to find the buffalo. They reach home early in the morning without the buffalo and yet there is no sign of despair in them. Meanwhile, they can still crack jokes and roll the cigarettes.
SYNOPSIS (ACCORDING TO STANZA)
They returned home at day break and headed for the stove. This is probably because they were hungry. However, I have also received some feedbacks saying that they went straight to the stove to dry themselves as they were drenched with the flood water. Their clothes were soaking wet and tattered. Their bodies were covered with scratches and wounds. Yet, they did not display any signs of being worried.
They were out in the flood the whole day and night. They were surrounded by dead animals and parts of trees that had been destroyed by the flood. We know that the animals were already dead because of the phrase ‘bloated carcasses’. They searched desperately for their son’s albino buffalo but were unable to find it.
They were born into poverty and difficulty, but they do not complain about their suffer. Instead, they sit in the kitchen, cracking jokes while smoking cigarettes. This shows that they face difficulties all the time and this time there is no different. They have inner strength that makes them strong to face any hardship poses to them.
The setting of the poem is in the house.
- Being resilience when facing hardship
- Family love
- Acceptance of way of life
- We should learn to accept problems in life with a positive outlook.
- We must attempt to face and solve problem.
- Facing hardship is part and parcel of life.
- If we face a problem, do not feel despair.
TONE, MOOD, ATMOSPHERE
- Understanding and sympathetic
- Acceptance of situation
POINT OF VIEW
- Third person pint of view.
LANGUAGE & STYLE
- Language is simple and easy to understand.
- The style is simple with no rhyming scheme.
- Imagery – Gives picture of poet’s thoughts e.g ‘soaky clothes torn’ and ‘legs full of wounds’
- Alliteration – e.g. ‘but on their brows’
- Symbols – e.g. ‘horrendous flood’ and ‘bloating carcasses’
- Diction – e.g. ‘stove’ and ‘brows‘ Those who are frequent visitors to the Morian Hall of Paleontology might have noticed that a familiar face has reappeared. The very last section of the exhibit hall now shows a life-sized version of a female Australopithecus afarensis. Not just any afarensis, mind you, but rather a fleshed-out model of the famous Lucy. One can find her at the very end of the storyline, next to a wall case in which a skeleton of a modern human being, a chimpanzee, and a replica of Lucy’s skeleton are displayed.
On November 24, 1974, a group of paleoanthropologists found the remains of an early hominid. The initial discovery of a perfectly preserved elbow end of a forearm bone was followed by that of additional portions of the skeleton. That evening, as a Beatle song “Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds” was playing in camp, these remains were nicknamed “Lucy.” Among scientists, she is known as AL 288-1, an Australopithecus afarensis, or “southern ape from the Afar region.”
Lucy may be the most famous australopithecine, but she is not the only representative of this species. Many other Australopithecus afarensis have been found eastern Africa. Living between 3.85 and 2.95 million years ago, they were small compared to modern humans, with females often substantially smaller than males. She measured about three-and-a-half feet tall and probably weighed about 60 to 65 pounds.
Australopithecines walked upright and could climb trees more easily than us. The Houston Museum of Natural Science hosted Lucy as part of a special exhibit, “Lucy’s Legacy: The Hidden Treasures of Ethiopia” from August 31, 2007 through September 1, 2008. Shortly thereafter, researchers at The University of Texas at Austin, in collaboration with the Ethiopian government, completed the first high-resolution CT scan of Lucy’s skeleton. Professor John Kappelman led the scientific team that conducted the scan.
The high-resolution CT scans of Lucy’s remains, especially of her long bones, allowed the research team that included orthopedic surgeons to identify fractures typically associated with a fall. Since we now know that Lucy was capable of climbing trees more easily than modern humans, and that she and her cohorts most likely spent time feeding and nesting in trees in order to avoid predators, then one can see how she may have fallen out of a tree. The Ethiopian government, the Houston Museum of Natural Science, and the University of Texas at Austin worked together solved one of the oldest coldest cases, determining the cause of death of the most famous fossil on planet Earth! 由于市场营销的大量投入，再加上富有营养价值，山竹果汁实际上已成为市场上一种最受吹捧和著名的营养补充品。山竹果汁也被成为独一无二的“奇迹”果汁。其质量和营养深受公众喜爱。如果打算饮用这种果汁，而又不是很确定其营养价值，可以阅读以下指南：
- 天然抗菌特性。由于富含口山酮，使其成为一种可用的天然抗菌汁。这也就是为什么在泰国和马来西亚等国家，用山竹果制作药膏覆盖伤口的原因。在目前许多细菌对抗菌药物产生抗体的情况下，这种水果变得更有价值。
- 虽然它不能杀死所有真菌感染，但研究发现，它能够降低一些真菌的增长速度。
- 它还可以作为一种抗氧化剂使用，这也是大多数水果汁都具有的特性。然而，山竹果更强大，因为它的含量更高。天然抗氧化剂可以抵御自由基对人体细胞的损坏。
- 由于山竹果含有植物营养素，它还对抗击癌症有效果。原理基于它含有单宁酸和儿茶素，是很强大的抗癌成分。 به گزارش کرج رسا به نقل از العالم، این ویدئو کلیپ تعدادی از دانش آموزان خردسال را نشان می دهد که روی چمن یکی از مناطق حفاظت شده نشسته اند و ناگهان یک جوان که خودروی خود را به سرعت می راند، آنها را زیر می گیرد و همه دانش آموزان جان خود را از دست می دهند.
این ویدئو کلیپ که در توییتر قابل مشاهده است، در ۱۰ روز گذشته نزدیک به ۳ میلیون بیننده داشته است. آنکارا/ علی کمال آکان/ خبرگزاری آناتولی
نعمان کورتولموش، معاون نخست وزیر ترکیه در نهمین کنفرا
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�之反应，诸神经错乱而昏迷倒地，为最易受不意袭击的部位。
攻击方法：可用拳面予以攻击，而且轻则晕昏，重则死亡。
2、百会穴：百会（汇）穴属督脉，在头顶，从眉头中间向上与后发际直上的连线正中处，此穴分布着枕大神经，有颞浅动脉和枕动脉成合网，击打后可震动脑部，使敌立可致命。
攻击方法：李小龙多采用对付低头猛冲的对手，因为其此刻的百会穴最易受攻击。
3、人中穴：人中穴在鼻子之下，中唇上。如此位置被击，可使颜面动脉神经、鼻骨、三叉神经等均受纷扰，呼吸顿显困难，故亦是重要穴道。
攻击方法：此为截拳道的主要打击目标，而且众所周知，李小龙最擅长于运用直拳，且比例高达拳法的百分之八十五，那么直拳的目标是什么呢？李小龙曰：人中。
4、腮角穴：腮角穴在下颏骨的骨缝处，且神经密布，被击中者可立即昏倒。
攻击方法：可采用摆拳与勾踢腿。
5、期门穴：期门穴在胸部剑骨之末端，亦系任脉之通路，如被点戳或打击，可使心剧痛而昏迷或死亡。
攻击方法：可采用勾拳与弹踢腿攻击。
6、脑海穴：脑海穴位于后脑枕骨之下，为重要穴位，被击中后通?？傻贾履哉鸬?，颇难治疗。轻者四肢发生痉挛。令人残废变哑，所以是最重要的区域之一。
攻击方法：可采用下击肘低头进攻的对手或从背面踢击对手的脑海穴。
7、京门穴：京门穴在第十二肋骨游离端之下际，此穴有第11肋骨动脉、静脉和第11肋间神经，受攻击后可使人呼吸困难，并窒息而死。
攻击方法：可采用勾拳或扫踢腿予以攻击。 我是个花友，我来分享一些养花技巧，其中包括如何养一种名叫“红昭和”的多肉植物。与普通的昭和相比，红昭和的繁殖方法基本相同。它会在夏天开花并自然授粉，开花后主株会死亡，所以准备好心理准备吧。要栽种红昭和，我们需要一种泥炭和煤渣的混合土壤。虽然没有具体比例，但是要保持透气。为了让植物与土壤表面隔离并增强透气性，可以在上面铺一些颗粒状的河沙或煤渣。每天浇水时可采用浇透法，不要小水小水的浇，否则没有用。红昭和的生长期主要在春秋两季，这时需要充足的阳光。到夏季开花后，母株就会死亡，侧芽会稍有休眠，这个时候要注意通风遮阳，每个月给3到4次少量的水。为了防止植物干燥，可以在水盆中放水。在冬天, 当气温低于3度时,逐渐地减少浇水的时间。最好保持土壤在0度以下的干燥状态，也不要低于零下5度。需要注意的是，在平时浇水时不能让叶子受潮，否则叶子会掉落白色的粉末，虽然不容易腐烂，但是会影响美观。每个季节植物的状态都有所不同，不同季节需要不同的维护。总之，红昭和是一种比较特别的植物，养它需要一些细心和耐心，但是只要爱它，就一定能有硕果累累的好收成。我种植的一株植物的基部会长出许多分蘖芽，这是因为我使用了砍头法。当我把上部分煮好后，没想到茎和根竟然会长出新芽。春天来了，植物更容易长出侧芽，我决定繁殖这些新芽。等到它们开花自然授粉后，我可以收集这些植物的种子播种。 Sono un adulto molto piccolo (61 pollici, 155 cm), che non è stato in grado di ottenere il blocco di scivolare dal sedile e di tornare alle fermate (soprattutto sulle colline). io veramente voglio solo essere in grado di fermarmi e toccare terra con le palle di entrambi i piedi, ma capisco che su una bici normale, non puoi farlo e avere il sedile all'altezza giusta per pedalare.
Potrei risolvere questa situazione acquistando una bicicletta per bambini e poi regolando il sedile molto in alto? Sembra che con ruote più piccole (forse 24 "), la parte che i pedali montano al centro dovrebbe essere più vicina al suolo, quindi ci sarà meno differenza tra" distanza della gamba che tocca terra "e" distanza della gamba nella parte inferiore di pedalare ". Questa soluzione potrebbe funzionare?
Inoltre, ci sono altre soluzioni nella fascia di prezzo a-broke-student-buy-buy-this-on-Craigslist che dovrei considerare? (Qualcosa con cambio di marcia, il mio tragitto porta a una grande collina.) به گزارش راهنمای سفر من ، مصرف عسل باکتری هایی را که آکنه ایجاد می کند، از بین می برد. با استفاده از عسل به صورت موضعی می توان زخم های دیابتی را درمان کرد.سلول های مرده پوست را از بین می برد و باعث نرمی آن می شود، خط های ایجاد شده روی صورت […]
به گزارش راهنمای سفر من ، مصرف عسل باکتری هایی را که آکنه ایجاد می کند، از بین می برد. با استفاده از عسل به صورت موضعی می توان زخم های دیابتی را درمان کرد.سلول های مرده پوست را از بین می برد و باعث نرمی آن می شود، خط های ایجاد شده روی صورت را کاهش می دهد و خشکی آرنج و پاشنه پا را برطرف می کند. نرم کننده حاوی عسل، از ایجاد موخوره جلوگیری می کند و باعث براقی مو می شود.روند سوخت و ساز را تسریع می بخشد و باعث کاهش وزن می شود.
مصرف آن با سیر خام، ویروس و عفونت های باکتریایی را از بین می برد.تقویت کننده بینایی و تسکین دهنده گلودرد است و به نوعی شربت سینه محسوب می شود.انرژی زاست، خستگی مفرط را برطرف می کند، میزان هوشیاری ذهن را افزایش می دهد؛ تقویت کننده سیستم ایمنی بدن است، ماده مغذی، ویتامین و آنتی اکسیدان های لازم را به بدن می رساند.با بهبود جریان خون رسانی، مانع از بیماری قلبی و آسیب به رگ ها و به خصوص مویرگ ها می شود.عملکرد روده را تنظیم می کند، قولنج و سندروم بی قراری روده ها را درمان می کند خاصیت ضد باکتریایی و ضد عفونی کننده دارد. سوختگی را تسکین می دهد، زخم ها را ضدعفونی می کند، التهاب و درد را کاهش می دهد و روند درمان را تسریع می بخشد.میزان اضطراب را کاهش می دهد و مانند مسکن عمل می کند.آرامش و خواب آرام ایجاد و میزان PH بدن را قلیایی می کند.مانع از شکل گیری تومورهای سرطانی می شود. از سوء هاضمه و رفلکس اسیدی معده می کاهد، زخم های دستگاه گوارش را درمان می کند.
آنزیم های طبیعی موجود در آن، روند هضم غذا را بهبود می بخشد.مصرف ناشتا یک لیوان آب ولرم با عسل و آب لیمو، بدن را پاک سازی می کند.خاصیت ضد قارچی دارد.با جویدن موم آن، علایم تب یونجه بهبود می یابد.تشنگی و علایم گرمازدگی را برطرف و سکسکه را متوقف می کند.خاصیت ملین دارد.مخلوط آن با فلفل سیاه و زنجبیل آسم را تسکین می دهد.آب سیر همراه با عسل، فشارخون را کنترل می کند مخلوط عسل، دارچین در آب جوش، در بهبود آرتریت، عفونت مثانه و نفخ معده
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（Battalion Anti-Tank）的缩写。这种弹药比勃朗宁弹要短。
最终一个是.50弹药中最大的一种——50 FAT MAC弹（章鱼彩票贴吧-M2重机枪的结构特色翻译成胖麦克吧），由步枪生产商盖尔麦克米兰（Gale McMillan）开发。胖麦克弹运用了改装的20毫米火神炮弹药的药筒，收口到达30度，长度也被截短至2.6英寸，因而颈部很短。底火窝进行了改善以便装置不锈钢焚烧筒和规范勃朗宁弹的底火。尽管.50勃朗宁改善型弹（便是前面说到的.50 BMG IMPR）能够到达914.4米/秒，刘玲玉胖麦克能够将相同的弹头推到1036.92米/秒。 Proteggere la salute dei nostri occhi è fondamentale per evitare problemi che possano portare ad una degenerazione della retina. Ma come fare per tutelare il loro benessere? Bisogna fare ginnastica.
Tutelare la salute dei nostri occhi per evitare la degenerazione della retina è fondamentale. Un recente studio scientifico condotto da due studiosi della Emory Univeristy, Eric Lawson e Jeffrey Boatright, e recentemente pubblicato nella rivista specializzata “Journal of Neuroscience”, avrebbe dimostrato che la ginnastica è un ottimo rimedio per prevenire il problema.
Gli scienziati hanno spiegato che lo studio ha coinvolto principalmente un gruppo di topi da laboratorio ma che si tratta di un’importante scoperta scientifica che mette per la prima volta in relazione la salute degli occhi con lo svolgimento dell’attività sportiva in modo periodico.
Lo studio avrebbe messo in evidenza che i pazienti che si presentano con i primi segni di maculopatia (una malattia molto diffusa soprattutto tra gli anziani e che coinvolge la retina) potrebbero cercare di rallentare il procedere dei primi sintomi attraverso un piano di attività sportiva molto mirato.
Gli scienziati avrebbero testato per un periodo di circa 4 settimane il comportamento di alcuni topi da laboratorio: le cavie sono state fatte correre su di un tapis roulant e dopo la seconda settimana di test è stata provocata loro una degenerazione retinica grazie ad un fascio di luce molto forte.
Il danno retinico, poi, è stato confrontato con i risultati dell’attività fisica che i topi erano costretti a seguire: si tratta di un allenamento basato su un’ora di corsa al giorno sul tapis roulant per cinque giorni alla settimana. Gli scienziati hanno così scoperto che i topi che facevano sport riuscivano a migliorare la propria condizione della retina: nei loro occhi, infatti, era presente il BDNF, una molecola protettiva delle cellule nervose e retiniche. L'attesissimo progetto Benden Ne Olur di Hazal Kaya e Onur Tuna? Il film uscirà il 14 gennaio. Le cattive notizie hanno cominciato ad arrivare dagli attori del film, che si sta preparando per la sua prima.
Selin Şekerci, una degli attori del film, ha rilasciato una dichiarazione sul suo account Instagram, affermando che il test PCR era negativo e il test rapido era positivo, e che si è messa in quarantena a scopo precauzionale e che è stata a casa per 6 giorni ed è in buona salute.
Selin Şekerci ha detto in una dichiarazione, Benden Ne Olur? Ha affermato che Hazal Kaya, che era molto eccitato prima della premiere del film, era molto in preda al panico perché era in contatto con lei e che era stato testato molte volte ed era risultato negativo.
Subito dopo la dichiarazione di Selin Şekerci, da Hazal Kaya sono arrivate cattive notizie. Hazal Kaya ha detto nel video che ha preso dal suo account Instagram che il suo test era positivo e che tutti in casa, tranne il suo giovane figlio, avevano il coronavirus.
In questo caso Benden Ne Olur? Era una questione di curiosità che tipo di modo di seguire la premiere del film. D'altra parte, Benden Ne Olur? Aslı Kızmaz, l'autrice del libro in cui è stato adattato il film, ha anche annunciato sul suo account Instagram che la prima proiezione del film sarà lunedì 10 gennaio e una proiezione speciale martedì 11 gennaio.
Non è chiaro come si terrà la proiezione speciale, che dovrebbe aver luogo con la partecipazione degli attori. Aslı Kızmaz ha detto che la troupe cinematografica andrà in Azerbaigian il 21 gennaio. Hazal Kaya aveva precedentemente contratto il coronavirus sul set della serie Midnight in Pera Palas, che è stata girata per Netflix nei mesi scorsi, ed è rimasta in quarantena per un po'. . Take a virtual field trip via Google
South African school teachers and their learners can now take virtual field trips to areas of historical and geographical importance, following the launch of the local Google Street View Teachers’ Guide.
All that is needed is an internet connection. This concept entails using the Google Map’s Street View technology to visually explore and navigate a neighbourhood or city through panoramic street-level photographs.
Examples of sites to visit include the Hector Pietersen Memorial in Soweto and Table Mountain in Cape Town.
To use it, go to:
According to Julie Taylor, communications manager of Google South Africa, the technology can also be used to “put together stimulating lesson plans, based on South Africa’s national education curriculum and outlined learning outcomes”.
She explains that the curriculum objectives emphasise the importance of fieldwork and encourage learners to see things with “their own eyes”.
The guide has already been launched in the United Kingdom. Locally, it has been formulated for grades 4 to 7 and focuses on learning outcomes in the Social Sciences and Life Orientation. The focus is on the history of people, places, resources, buildings, school and museums.
Street View cars have special cameras that take photographs as they drive down public roads. Once the photographs have been taken, they go through computer processing to make them ready for use on Google Maps. We found 242 reviewed resources for hydrology
Where’s the Water?: Acting Out Science CyclesLesson Planet
2nd - 5th CCSS: Adaptable
Young scientists transform themselves into rivers, oceans, clouds, and drops of water in order to explore the water cycle. After assigning and explaining to students their different roles in the activity, the teacher reads aloud a...
Round and Round It Goes; Water, Where It Stops Nobody KnowsLesson Planet
9th - 12th
Students investigate the interrelationship of the five processes in the hydrologic cycle. They map and sketch the hydrologic cycle showing each process and conduct an experiment to show how the hydrologic cycle functions amidst pollution.
Is This Water Clean Enough To Drink?Lesson Planet
5th - 8th
Students examine the steps of the hydrological cycle; identify surface water and groundwater; determine how surface water is cleaned before being used for drinking, bathing, cooking, and other direct purposes; and model a process used to... Pirinç, genellikle beyaz renkte, küçük taneli bir tahıldır ve dünya genelinde yaygın olarak tüketilmektedir. Pirinç ile zıt anlamlı kelimeler, pirinçle tamamen zıt özelliklere sahip olan kelimelerdir. Aşağıda pirinç ile zıt anlamlı kelimelerin bir listesini bulabilirsiniz:
Pirinç İle Zıt Anlamlı Kelimeler
1. Kara
2. Koyu
3. Kirli
4. Siyah
5. Toprak
Bu kelimeler pirinçle tamamen zıt özelliklere sahiptir. Örneğin, pirinç beyaz renkteyken, “kara” kelimesi siyah rengi ifade eder. Benzer şekilde, pirinç temiz ve beyazken, “kirli” kelimesi kirli veya lekeli anlamına gelir.
Pirinç ve Zıt Anlamlı Kelimelerin Kullanımı
Pirinç ve zıt anlamlı kelimeler genellikle karşıtlıkları vurgulamak için kullanılır. Örneğin, bir yemek tarifinde “beyaz pirinci” kullanırken, “siyah” veya “kara” kelimesiyle karşıtlık oluşturulabilir. Aynı şekilde, bir temizlik ürününün reklamında “beyazlık” vurgusu yapılırken, “kirli” kelimesi kullanılabilir.
Sonuç
Pirinç ile zıt anlamlı kelimeler, dilimizdeki zenginlik ve çeşitliliği gösteren bir örnektir. Bu tür karşıtlıkların kullanımı, iletişimde vurgu yapmak veya karşıtlıkları vurgulamak için oldukça etkilidir. Pirinç gibi yaygın bir malzeme üzerinden yapılan bu tür karşıtlık vurguları, dilbilgisel açıdan da ilgi çekicidir. 据意大利媒体“所有市场”报道，在欧罗巴联赛中以0比0战平雅典AEK后，蒙蒂纳并没有被解雇，但职位处于危险之中。
根据“所有市场”的消息，尽管在雅典举行AEK比赛后，蒙迪纳仍然可以继续执教AC米兰，但留给他的时间非常少。
AC米兰和Sensolo的周末联赛将是Mondner的最后机会。如果蒙德纳（Mondner）无法在这场比赛中获得高水平的满意度，那么他将在比赛之后。从办公室被释放了。
欧洲赔率：2.21 3.25 3.07
本场比赛的赔率是3.25-3.55-1.86，并且更能为客队提供支持。这是基于访问团队的实力。 ，排名和往绩都有优势，如果没有意外，客场比赛也可以实现和平与胜利。
Pu和Red Diamonds在最后一轮客场挑战Sapporo Gossardo结束了1-1平局，球队最近取得了3连胜，尽管最近的获胜率总体不错，但是进攻能力仍然相当不错，目前的球队在30分中排名第10，低于上赛季的结果。这场战斗将与日本天皇杯中的日本B. Mito蜀葵队进行。这两支球队近年来没有交锋的记录，但是从实力和名望的角度来看，浦和红钻显然要高得多。 红雪松（加拿大西部红柏树）又名雪松，是北美西北太平洋沿岸和不列颠哥伦比亚内陆雨林的常见树种。这棵树是北美最长寿、耐腐蚀和抗虫的软木树种之一。所以它可以长得很大。树的直径通常在0.85米到2.7米之间，树的高度大约在48米到65米之间。西北太平洋的土著居民使用红雪松建造房屋、运输工具、服装、家用产品、渔猎工具的历史悠久，也是为了仪式和宗教目的。
红雪松林
根据木材现存量，不列颠哥伦比亚省约有7.5亿立方米的红雪松。其中一半以上在沿海地区，雪松是第二常见的针叶树。其中大部分是原生林，生长了250多年。近5000万立方米生长在沿海地区的红杉分布在公园和其他保护区。沿海“打工”林中圈养了相当数量的红杉，其中不少已取得或正在等待证书。中国西部的“次生”红柏正在逐渐成熟，原有的红柏可以收获高价值的木材。红雪松的年采伐量在600万立方米左右波动，因为它在加拿大省政府的年允许采伐量范围内，因此该采伐量预计是可持续的。
红杉木无伸缩板
红杉木重量轻，质地均匀，质地平直，不含树脂。所有这些特性使木材易于加工，雪松是应用高耐腐蚀性、尺寸稳定性和良好绝缘值的首选树种。这种木材有多种用途，如墙板、台板、栅栏、园林装饰、传统的和层压的房屋木材、电线杆和特殊产品，如室内板、乐器、屋顶瓦和屋顶瓦等。虽然只有锯
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the 23rd of Edward I., but made no other return till the last parliament of Edward VI.: the elective franchise is vested in the burgage-holders, in number about fifty; the bailiff is the returning officer, and the influence of Sir Robert Frankland, Bart., is predominant. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry of Cleveland, and diocese of York, endowed with £1600 parliamentary grant, and in the patronage of the Archbishop of York. The church, which is dedicated to St. Mary, and situated at the northern extremity of the New Town, is a spacious and handsome structure, in the later style of English architecture, with a lofty embattled tower at the west end, and is supposed to have been constructed from the ruins of the castle. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. In 1769, Jane Day bequeathed £100 for the instruction of poor children. There is a school-house under the chancel of the church for instruction in English grammar, writing, and arithmetic. In the town is also a school of industry, for clothing and educating poor girls. A dispensary, supported by voluntary contributions, has recently been established."
"CARLTON MINIOT, (or Carlton Islebeck), a chapelry in the parish of THIRSK, partly in the liberty of ST-PETER-of-YORK, East riding, and partly in the wapentake of BIRDFORTH, North riding of the county of YORK, 2 miles S.W. from Thirsk, containing 221 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy, with that of Sand-Hutton, in the archdeaconry of Cleveland, and diocese of York, endowed with £800 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Archbishop of York."
"SAND HUTTON, a chapelry in the parish of THIRSK, wapentake of BIRDFORTH, North riding of the county of YORK, 4 miles S.W. from Thirsk, containing 273 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy, with that of Thirsk, in the archdeaconry of Cleveland, and diocese of York, endowed with £800 royal bounty. The chapel is dedicated to St. Mary. Here is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists."
"SOWERBY, a chapelry in the parish of THIRSK, wapentake of BIRDFORTH, North riding of the county of YORK, 1 mile S. from Thirsk, containing 748 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry of Cleveland, and diocese of York, endowed with £200 private benefaction, and £400 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Archbishop of York." Eurocrane (China) Co., Ltd.
Mühendislik Vinç,Çift Kirişli Portal Vinç,Tek Kirişli Gezer Vinç,Ağır Mühendislik Kaldırma Makineleri,,
Bir vinç türüdür makinesi , genel olarak, bir ile donatılmış, kaldırma halatı , tel halat veya zincir ve kasnaklar kaldırmak ve daha düşük malzeme ve yatay olarak hareket ettirmek için, her iki kullanılabilir. Ağırlıklı olarak ağır eşyaların taşınması ve başka yerlere taşınması için kullanılır. Cihaz, mekanik avantaj yaratmak için bir veya daha fazla basit makine kullanır ve böylece yükleri bir insanın normal kapasitesinin ötesine taşır. Vinçler, nakliye endüstrisinde , yüklerin yüklenmesi ve boşaltılması, inşaat endüstrisinde malzemelerin hareketi için ve imalat sanayinde ağır ekipmanların montajı için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır .
Vinçler, her biri belirli bir kullanıma uygun olarak muazzam çeşitlilikte mevcuttur. Boyutlar, atölyelerin içinde kullanılan en küçük vinç vinçlerinden yüksek binaların inşa edilmesinde kullanılan en yüksek kule vinçlerine kadar çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Dar alanlara ulaşarak yapıları kolaylaştırmak için mini vinçler de yüksek binalar inşa etmek için kullanılır. Son olarak, genellikle petrol kuleleri yapmak ve batık gemileri kurtarmak için kullanılan daha büyük yüzer vinçler bulabiliriz. The New York Public Library released a treasure trove of 180,000 high-resolution scans of public domain images. They include photographs, etchings, watercolors, sheet music, maps, illuminated manuscript images and other pages from books, stereoscopic views, and more. The oldest materials date back as far as the 11th century. With their visual search you can browse by century, genre, collection, and even color.
“Did you know that more than 180,000 of the items in our Digital Collections are in the public domain?
“That means everyone has the freedom to enjoy and reuse these materials in almost limitless ways. The Library now makes it possible to download such items in the highest resolution available directly from the Digital Collections website.
“No permission required. No restrictions on use.
“Below you’ll find tools, projects, and explorations designed to inspire your own creations—go forth and reuse!”
I know I’m going to be using the collection a lot!
Out There is an occasional feature highlighting intriguing art, spaces, places, phenomena, flora, and fauna. Mentre è importante fare un affare, i consumatori di smartphone nel Regno Unito cercano soprattutto la comodità, anche dopo il COVID-19
Come altre parti del mondo, i paesi europei sono stati colpiti duramente dal COVID-19 per quanto riguarda le vendite di smartphone. I nostri ultimi sondaggi Consumer Lens rivelano che molti consumatori qui hanno optato per una riduzione del budget per il prossimo smartphone e un'estensione del periodo di proprietà prima del prossimo acquisto. In una sorta di rovescio della medaglia positivo, una crescita più alta del normale è stata osservata negli acquisti online di smartphone.
questo comunicato stampa include contenuti multimediali. Visualizzare l’intero comunicato qui: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20201005005832/it/
Reasons for Choosing a Purchase Source (Graphic: Counterpoint Consumer Lens)
In questo articolo, copriamo tre grandi mercati europei — Regno Unito, Germania e Spagna — per capire le preferenze dei consumatori per le modalità del prossimo acquisto, secondo i sondaggi di Consumer Lens.
Offline rispetto a Online
Con circa il 35% di vendite di smartphone nel Regno Unito effettuate online, la proporzione di vendite online è progressivamente aumentata rispetto al primo trimestre 2020. È interessante notare che questo aumento era sostenuto anche dopo l'apertura di negozi fisici successiva al periodo di chiusura imposto dalle misure anti-COVID-19.
Una grande proporzione di consumatori nel Regno Unito idealmente vorrebbe fare l'esperienza di acquisto in un modo più coinvolto. Ad esempio, gli acquirenti che optano per un pagamento immediato sono meno propensi a scegliere fonti online come Amazon.com o Buymobile.com. Secondo il nostro sondaggio, per più del 90% degli intervistati i negozi di articoli elettronici e i supermercati sono tra i primi tre canali di scelta.
Altri paesi preferiscono modalità online:
In Germania, il 35% degli intervistati ha acquistato l'attuale telefono cellulare online. Per il prossimo acquisto, online è uno dei canali principali per il 95% degli intervistati.
In Spagna, questa proporzione era del 30% per l'attuale smartphone. Per il prossimo acquisto, il 76% ha scelto online come uno dei canali principali.
Da cosa sono motivati oggi i consumatori
Regno Unito: La maggior parte degli intervistati acquisterà il prossimo smartphone nel negozio di un operatore. Il motivo: Comodità, seguita dalla probabilità che sia più economico.
Indipendentemente dalla demografia, la maggior parte dei consumatori del Regno Unito considera ancora i vantaggi degli smartphone su contratto.
Germania e Spagna: Mentre gli operatori non hanno molta influenza sulle idee dei consumatori in Germania e in Spagna, il metodo preferito di acquisto è con pagamento immediato e completo. Inoltre, i consumatori di questi paesi sono più propensi a scegliere rivenditori online, come Amazon. Anche i negozi di articoli elettronici e gli ipermercati sono opzioni popolari.
Il testo originale del presente annuncio, redatto nella lingua di partenza, è la versione ufficiale che fa fede. Le traduzioni sono offerte unicamente per comodità del lettore e devono rinviare al testo in lingua originale, che è l'unico giuridicamente valido.
Vedi la versione originale su businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20201005005832/it/
Contacts
Glen Cardoza
[email protected]
Counterpoint Research
[email protected] 星期三304 NBA雷霆VS火箭时间：2019-04-10 9:30
常规赛即将结束，火箭将成为雷霆的总决赛。
目前，西部排名仍然很混乱，有必要在这两天比赛中确定具体顺序。
比赛前，雷霆队以47胜33负的战绩排名第六，比马刺和快船落后一分，他们将在比赛后重返雄鹿，其余团队两场比赛都需要完全获胜。雷霆队打满了所有的球员，六人在双打中得分，以132-126击败森林狼，并取得了三连胜。团队最近有所进步，并找到了获胜的感觉。邵伟当选上周的西部会议球员。上周他场均得到22.0分，12.7个篮板和17.0助攻。
主队火箭队以36分的优势战胜了太阳队，该队取得了破纪录的27个三分球，并连续6场取得胜利。同时，这是火箭连续第四次获得24多个对手的净胜利。之前的三场比赛对手是国王队，快船队和尼克斯队。在常规赛的最后阶段，火箭队的主力阵容上场时间有所减少，正在为季后赛做准备。根据目前在西方的排名，火箭只会取胜以确保在西方排名第三。球队仍然会努力奋斗。
火箭教练D'Antoni患有肠胃炎，已在医院接受治疗。比赛将继续由卜帅执教。
该游戏还是《雷霆》的主场比赛，也是决定排名的战役。双方也将在季后赛的实力对抗。两支球队在赛季前相遇了三次，雷霆队以2胜1负占据优势，而上一次对垒雷霆落后半场22分时，局势逆转而获胜。然而，在这几次交锋中，火箭没有以最强的阵容进攻。就火箭队的全面健康而言，预计将撤回一座城市。
十：34789减少347
汉诺威96VS科隆预测分析周三125德甲
北京时间7月4日早间新闻据巴林队科林斯人的官方消息称，前山东鲁能外援吉尔加盟科林斯人，合同期为半年。 [启动巨人的核心五种选择！看看您如何选择眼睛]
目前没有人展示他们的品牌，也没有人表达他们的真实意图。库蒂尼奥没有说他必须走，巴塞罗那没有说派库蒂尼奥。但这巴西人的表现没有达到预期，这是肯定的。考虑到库蒂尼奥在英超联赛中有很好的市场，巴塞罗那计划将库蒂尼奥出售给英超联赛球队以筹集资金用于签约。
星期四抽奖中有17场比赛，其中16场是有价格数据的，10场主场比赛为主导，6场比赛为主导。最明显的优势是荷兰杯费耶诺德VS多德勒，在这场跨水平的对抗中，费耶诺德的身价是对手的24倍。意甲之间的激烈对话是，国际米兰对佛罗伦萨，国际米兰拥有价值2.15亿紫百合的1.68亿。
菲尔特在最后一轮的初次降级在公路上击败了斯图加特，在公路上罕见的连胜纪录，球队没有表现出战斗精神，但是面对一支更加无能的球
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bero solo del 18%, mentre le barche a motore diminuirebbero in media del 25%. Come spesso accade nelle crisi, gli effetti della Covid 19 dovrebbero rafforzare le tendenze giÓ rilevate. L'emergere di imbarcazioni ibride ed elettriche dovrebbe accelerare. Interconnection Consulting prevede una crescita del 19,6% e del 9,6% rispettivamente nel 2020.
Piccoli cantieri in difficoltÓ
Dei 1.500 costruttori mondiali di barche che ha identificato, Jan Hudak prevede molte sparizioni. Le difficoltÓ principali sono previste nei piccoli cantieri navali, che dipendono da un numero limitato di clienti. Ma le turbolenze giÓ vissute dai grandi cantieri, molti dei quali hanno cambiato direzione nel 2019, da BÚnÚteau Group a Sunseeker, Princess Yachts, Baltic Yachts e Amels, continueranno anche in futuro. Se da un lato l'analisi presta scarsa attenzione all'occupazione, dall'altro si temono anche numerosi licenziamenti nel settore della nautica da diporto. Dashora, Hemant Dashora (2017) Dynamic Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicle. [Ph.D. thesis]
Full text disponibile come:
Abstract (italian or english)
Wireless battery charging (WBC) is an attracting solution to promote electric vehicles (EVs) in the market, which may provide superior charging infrastructure and unlimited driving range. The most suitable technique to implement WBC is inductive power transfer (IPT) with a coupling established between two distant coils, one buried into the road and another installed in EV, and the power transferred from the buried coil to that onboard EV through a high-frequency oscillating magnetic flux. WBC can be carried out with EV that is either standing (while parked) or moving (on the road); the two WBC modes are termed static wireless charging (SWC) and dynamic wireless charging (DWC), respectively. However, this thesis focusses on the DWC, where an IPT track is buried into the road whilst the coil onboard EV, commonly termed pickup, remains coupled with the track to get power while moving on the road.
The in-moving vehicle charging has been researched and demonstrated by some institutes across the world using two possible track arrangements: stretched and lumped coil track. The former one is composed of a single elongated coil, much longer than the pickup size, and the later one is an arrangement of multiple coils placed one next to the other, the length of them being comparable to the pickup size. A lumped track permits activation/deactivation only of the coil interacting with a pickup. This ability is called segmentation and is very important for DWC to reduce the losses and to avoid exposing the people to electromagnetic radiations; therefore, a lumped track has been dealt with in this thesis.
The contactless power transfer at large airgap is possible with high frequency (in kHz) and high-magnitude current supply of the track coils; as increasing supply frequency improves power transfer efficiency. Apart from the supply characteristics and the coil dimensions, power transfer capabilities of a the system depend upon the coupling properties of the coil pairs, thus a pair polarized coils (also called DD coils) has been found more suitable for DWC due to its coupling merits at misalignment. Considering a lumped track composed of equally distant several DD coils, power and energy transfer to an EV moving on the track have been analyzed. Based on that, lumped track layout and its design procedure have been discussed in detail with an example of an EV.
Segmentation of a DWC track is very important function, as mentioned above, which can be obtained by various methods and one of them is using the impedance reflected into a track coil from the coupled pickup. In this way, four compensation topologies have been discussed to investigate their reflexive properties (resistance and reactance) when they are deployed in a pickup circuit. Summarizing the outcomes and comparing their behavior, two topologies have been found useful for the track segmentation. Considering them, further analysis has been done to obtain and discuss their performance figures.
This thesis also discusses about the power converters in both track side and pickup side circuit. The track side power converters include rectifier, power factor correction circuit and inverter, which extract power from the supply grid and transform into the appropriate form to realize efficient WBC. Converter arrangement in the pickup circuit includes rectifier and chopper to charger a battery using the received power.
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Abstract (a different language)
La ricarica della batteria senza fili (dall’inglese Wireless Battery Charging - WBC) è una soluzione attraente per la possibile diffusione dei Veicoli Elettrici (VE) nel mercato. Essa può fornire infrastrutture di ricarica migliori e un’ autonomia del veicolo praticamente illimitata. La tecnica più adatta per attuare il WBC è il trasferimento di potenza induttivo (Inductive Power Transfer - IPT), il quale sfrutta l’accoppiamento magnetico tra due bobine, una posizionata sotto il manto stradale e l’altra installata a bordo di un veicolo elettrico, e la potenza viene trasferita dalla bobina interrata a quella di bordo attraverso un flusso magnetico oscillante alta frequenza. Il WBC può essere effettuato con un VE fermo (parcheggiato) o in movimento sulla strada; le due modalità di WBC sono chiamate ricarica senza fili statica (Static Wireless Charging - SWC) e ricarica senza fili dinamica (Dynamic Wireless Charging - DWC), rispettivamente. Tuttavia, questa tesi si concentra sulla DWC, dove una bobina trasmittente, chiamata track, è interrata sotto la strada, mentre la bobina a bordo del VE, comunemente chiamata pickup, rimane accoppiata con il track per ricevere la potenza mentre il VE è in movimento.
La ricarica di un VE in movimento è stata studiata e dimostrata da alcuni istituti di tutto il mondo i quali hanno adottato due differenti strutture di bobina trasmittente: track allungato e track concentrato. La prima struttura è formata da una singola bobina allungata, molto più lunga del pickup, mentre la seconda struttura è una disposizione di più bobine posizionate una dopo l’altra, la cui lunghezza è paragonabile alle dimensioni pickup. La struttura con track concentrato consente l'attivazione/disattivazione della sola bobina interagente con il pickup. Questa capacità è chiamata segmentazione ed è molto importante per DWC perché consente di ridurre le perdite e di evitare l'esposizione delle persone a radiazioni elettromagnetiche; di conseguenza, in questa tesi è stata trattata la soluzione con track concentrato.
Il trasferimento della potenza senza fili con un elevato traferro è possibile solo con un’alta frequenza (dell’ordine dei kHz) ed un’alta intensità della corrente di alimentazione delle bobine del track; poiché l'aumento della frequenza di alimentazione migliora l'efficienza di trasferimento della potenza. Oltre alle caratteristiche di alimentazione e le dimensioni delle bobine, le capacità di trasferimento di potenza di un sistema dipendono dalle proprietà di accoppiamento delle bobine stesse, così una coppia di bobine polarizzate (chiamate anche bobine DD) è stata trovata essere la soluzione più adatta per il DWC grazie al suo elevato valore di accoppiamento quando track e pickup sono disallineati. Considerando un track concentrato composto da diverse bobine DD equamente distribuite, sono state analizzate la potenza e l’energia trasferite al VE in movimento. Sulla base di questo, la struttura del track concentrato e la sua procedura di progettazione sono stati discussi in dettaglio per un particolare caso di studio.
Come detto precedentemente, la segmentazione del track è una funzione molto importante. Essa può essere ottenuta con vari metodi e uno di questi utilizza l'impedenza riflessa del pickup in una bobina del track. Così, quattro topologie di compensazione del circuito di pickup sono state investigate per studiarne le differenti impedenze riflesse. Riassumendo i risultati e confrontando il loro comportamento, solo due topologie sono state trovate utili per la segmentazione del track. Considerando quest’ultime, ulteriori analisi sono state fatte per ottenere e discutere le loro prestazioni.
Questa tesi tratta anche i convertitori di potenza utilizzati sia nel track che nel pickup. I convertitori di potenza del track includono un raddrizzatore, un circuito di correzione del fattore di potenza (PFC) e un inverter, i quali sfruttano l’energia prodotta dalla rete di alimentazione e la convertono nella forma più appropriata per realizzare efficienti WBC. Nella bobina di pickup il circuito di condizionamento è formato dalla cascata di un raddrizzatore e un chopper che permettono di ricaricare la batteria di bordo utilizzando la potenza ricevuta.
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Solo per lo Staff dell Archivio: Modifica questo record 找风水先生看风水都包括看哪些
从八字命理角度来看，看风水是一项非常复杂的技艺，需要综合考虑个人命运、周围环境、天地人之间的关系等多个方面。以下是一些风水先生在看风水时通常会考虑的因素：
1. 确定风水方位
风水先生首先要确定住宅或墓地的方位，这需要根据主人的八字命格和五行属性来选择。不同的方位对应着不同的五行属性，比如东方属木，与酸味、绿色、白色等相应；南方属火，与苦味、红色、紫色等相应；西方属金，与辛味、白色、金色等相应；北方属水，与咸味、黑色、蓝色等相应。根据主人的八字命理，选择最适宜的方位，可以调和阴阳平衡。
2. 观察地形地貌
风水先生会观察周围的地形地貌，选择有山有水、山水环抱、水口交合的地方作为吉地。他们也会尽量避免有凶险的地形，如破山、破水、尖角等。这些地形会影响主人的运势和健康，因此需要避免。
3. 调整建筑布局
风水先生会根据主人的八字命理和周围环境的情况，调整建筑布局。比如，他们会在住宅的门口放置石碑或者屏风等物品，以挡住对主人不利的磁场；他们也会在室内设置屏风、隔断等物品，以分离不同的功能区域。这些调整可以帮助主人化解不利的运势和环境影响。
4. 选择吉日良辰
风水先生还会根据主人的八字命理和天时地利等因素，选择吉日良辰作为重要的时刻，比如结婚、开业、搬家等。这些时刻对主人的运势有很大的影响，因此需要慎重选择。
5. 调和五行之气
五行之气是天地自然中的五种能量，包括金、木、水、火、土。风水先生在看风水时会尽量调和五行之气，以求达到阴阳平衡的效果。一般来说，风水先生会用一些特殊的物品来调和五行之气，比如用金制品来调和金属能量，用植物来调和木气等。
6. 祭奠祖先
祭奠祖先是一种传统的文化习俗，也是风水先生在看风水时会考虑的一个重要因素。风水先生会根据主人的八字命理和祖先的情况，选择合适的祭奠方式和方法，以表达对祖先的敬意和感激之情。也可以借助祖先的力量来增强主人的运势和庇护。
看风水是一项非常复杂的技艺，需要综合考虑多个方面的因素。一个好的风水先生应该具备深厚的易经理论和实践经验，能够根据主人的实际情况和周围环境的情况，做出科学合理的判断和建议。风水先生也应该遵守职业道德和行业规范，以诚信和专业为基础，为人们提供优质的服务。 به گزارش اسپوتنیک با استناد به گزارش مرکز فرماندهی نیروی هوایی آمریکا « AFCENT»، این جنگنده ها که مجهز به فناوری پیشرفته رادارگریز و جدیدترین تسلیحات هستند، قدرت بالقوه ائتلاف آمریکایی را در منطقه افزایش خواهند داد.
ژنرال جوزف گاستل فرمانده «آفسنت»، اعلام کرد که این جنگنده ها با مشخصات عالی خود امنیت و ثبات در تئاتر نظامی را افزایش خواهند داد و باعث ترس مهاجمان خواهند شد.
دیوید گولدفین رئیس ستاد نیروی هوایی آمریکا در این خصوص گفت:«جنگنده « اف-3
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را امسال واگذار خواهیم کرد.
در ادامه این دیدار، "کومسیشویلی" معاون نخست وزیر و وزیر اقتصاد و توسعه پایدار جمهوری گرجستان با ارایه اطلاعاتی در خصوص همکاری های مشترک اقتصادی با کشورمان، آمادگی گرجستان را برای توسعه هر چه بیشتر روابط تجاری و اقتصادی دوجانبه اعلام کرد.
وی ضمن ابراز خرسندی از برگزاری این دیدار گفت: از سال 2015 ملاقاتهای مهمی بین مسوولان دو کشور از جمله دیدار نخست وزیر گرجستان با رییس جمهور و معاون اول رییس جمهور ایران صورت گرفته است که این موضوع حکایت از اراده جدی سیاسی تهران- تفلیس برای توسعه روابط در همه حوزه ها دارد.
"کومسیشویلی" با اشاره به پیشرفت بسیار مطلوب مناسبات تجاری دو کشور ایران و جمهوری گرجستان اظهار داشت: انجام 31 پرواز هفتگی بین دو کشور در سال گذشته حاکی از پتانسیل بالای اقتصاد گردشگردی و همکاری های تجاری دو کشور است.
وی افزود: بازار سرمایه و فعالیت بورس گرجستان در مقایسه با بورس ایران بسیار کوچک است و ما خواستار انتقال تجربیات ایران و استفاده از آن در توسعه ظرفیت های بازار در سرمایه کشورمان هستیم.
گفتنی است، بر اساس آمار گمرک ایران، حجم مبادلات تجاری ایران و گرجستان 156 میلیون و 665 هزار دلار بود که از این رقم 90 میلیون و 85 هزار دلار شامل صادرات ایران به گرجستان و 65 میلیون و 680 هزار دلار مربوط به واردات ایران از جمهوری گرجستان بود. La ligne izle
(2022)
Yönetmen:Ursula Meier
Oyuncular:Stéphanie Blanchoud, Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Elli Spagnolo
Yuva ve Sister filmlerinin yönetmeni Ursula Meier, 2022 Berlin Film Festivali'nde yarışan yeni bir filmle karşımızda. Margaret, daha önceden de şiddet eğilimi olan biri olarak annesiyle şiddetli bir tartışma yaşadıktan sonra duruşmaya kadar uzaklaştırma kararı alır. Üç ay boyunca annesiyle iletişim kuramayacak ve ailesinin evine 100 metreden daha yaklaşamayacaktır. Kardeşi Marion, anneleri tarafından evlerinin etrafına bu sınırı temsil edecek bir çizgi çizmesi için görevlendirilir. Ancak bu ayrılık, Margaret'in ailesine olan yakınlık isteğini sadece artırır ve her gün kendini bu geçit vermeyen sınırın önünde bulur. Bu çizgi, hayatımızı sınırlayan görünür ve görünmez çizgilere meydan okur; Meier'in de dediği gibi, "Bu çizgilere ihtiyacımız var, ama onların ötesine de geçebilmeliyiz." 6up当阳罗茨风机厂家报价
置减少风机过剩风压必要时可车削叶轮外缘缩小叶轮直径并联运行的风机应合理选择运行台数保证风机在满负荷下运行尽可能利用自然通风能力当有许多台炉子时则烟道或风道间应加联络管道使不同炉子的风压互相沟通停止多余风机运行叶轮检修时要注意保证检修质量符合风机出厂技术条件在可行条件下应将低效风机叶轮更换为风机叶轮一般密集型曝气罗茨风机的叶轮在电动机轴上的风机其电动机与叶轮一起作运转试验不可单独对电动机进行试运转为了运转安全起见对其他传动形式的脱硫氧化风机的驱动电机均应作单体试运转并要进行三次次起动达到全速（额定转速）即停车检查电动机的转向是否正确有无异常声音次运转~后停机检查炭刷及电环摩擦情况；电流电压指示值；振动值不大于；电动机定子温度小于℃轴承温度应小于℃第三次连续运转检查合格即可在试运转过程中油温
灵活性，对不同工艺性要求适应性更强。硬风特性决定了不允许通过关闭出风口或进风口的办法来调节风量，而且经过采取优化以上主要工艺环节措施以后罗茨鼓风机大量过剩风量调节只能采用旁路，造成风机能量的大量损耗，而且由于磨损而腐蚀问题突出，旁通阀门需要经常维修。罗茨风机主要由机壳墙板及两个装有叶轮的转子组成。通过一对同步齿轮的作用，使两转子呈反方向等速旋转，并依靠叶轮与叶轮之间叶轮与机壳之间的间隙，使吸气腔和排气腔基本隔绝，借助于叶轮旋转推动机壳容积内气体，达到鼓风之目的。根据对工业用各类鼓风机运行现场噪声源进行实际测试所取得的频谱特性资料来确定在哪些频谱范围内需要多大消声量作为设计吸声体及流体通道的主要依据，同时采用了具有较大吸声材料饰面的狭矩形通道，以增强吸收效果。风机的噪声源在噪声级时，其频谱
墙板：主要用来连接机壳与叶轮，并支撑叶轮的旋转，以及起到端面密封的效果。
叶轮：是罗茨风机的旋转部分，分两叶和三叶，但由于三叶的比两叶的出气脉动更小、噪声更小、运转更平稳等很多优点，已逐渐代替两叶罗茨风机。
罗茨风机是容积式风机的一种，有两个三叶叶轮在由机壳和墙板密封的空间中相对转动，由于每个叶轮都是采用渐开线，或是外摆线的包络线，每个叶轮的三个叶片是完全相同的，同时两个叶轮也是完全相同的，这样就大大降低了加工难度。叶轮在加工时采用数控设备，保证了两个叶轮在中心距不变情况下，不管两个叶轮旋转到什么位置，都能保持一定的极小间隙，从而保证气体的泄露在允许范围内。
两个叶轮相向转动，由于叶轮与叶轮、叶轮与机壳、叶轮与墙板之间的间隙极小，从而使进气口形成了真空状态，空气在大气压的作用下进入进气腔，然后，每个叶轮的其中两个叶片与墙板、机壳构成了一个密封腔，进气腔的空气在叶轮转动的过程中，被两个叶片所形成密封腔不断地带到排气腔，又因为排气腔内的叶轮是相互啮合的，从而把两个叶片之间的空气挤压出来，这样连续不停的运转，空气就源源不断地从进气口输送到出气口，这就是罗茨风机的整个工作过程。
由于采用了三叶转子结构形式及合理的壳体内进出风口处的结构，所以风机振动小，噪声低。叶轮和轴为整体结构且叶轮无磨损，风机性能持久不变，可以长期连续运转。风机容积利用率大，容积效率高，且结构紧凑，安装方式灵活多变。机种齐全，可满足不同用户不同用途的需要。
内市场行业竞争将进一步加剧这也将促进行业企业间的购并整合和转型在产品的销售市场竞争方面国外厂商近几年在中国的扩展势头愈来愈强多家外国公司在国内建造生产及销售基地扩大市场份额积极向各个行业渗透国外厂商先进的管理经营理念丰富的市场实战及拓展经验和各具特色的产品系列将会对国内厂商产生强调的挑战和冲击国内生产企业感受到的将会是愈来愈激烈的同业者的竞争推进行业优势企业间的购并整合尽快打造一批有市场影响力的品牌尽快建成一��
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نس سفرای کشور در آنکارا اظهار داشت: "مسئله سوریه چندین سال بعنوان جنگ داخلی که در سه سال گذشته نیز به صورت جنگ نیابتی در آمده، یک مسئله جهانی است. اما در حال حاضر مسئله سوریه به دلیل وجود گروه های تروریستی در آن جا، به شکل یک تهدید بزرگ جهانی که به هر نقطه ای از دنیا می رسد، تبدیل شده و به صورت منبع مشکلات جهانی درآمده است. برای حل این مسئله باید بر روی از بین بردن علل اساسی آن بیاندیشیم."
وی افزود: "در دنیای غرب سال هاست که دیدگاه «شرق، شرق است و غرب، غرب؛ این دو هیچگاه نمی توانند گردهم آیند» حاکم است. به جای آنکه با شرق گفتگو کرده و برای حل مشکلات چشم انداز خود را توسعه دهند دنیای شرق را انکار کرده و مشکلات آن را به خود مربوط نمی دانند."
کورتولموش تصریح کرد: "همه باید بویژه در خصوص دو تهدید جهانی هوشیار بوده و بر روی فعالیت هایی که موجب از بین بردن علل این تهدیدات است تمرکز کنند. یکی از اینها مهاجرت جهانی و دیگری تروریسم جهانی است. امروز آنچه در سوریه، سومالی و عراق اتفاق می افتد، در آنجا نمی ماند." Nobel ödülüne bu sene Aziz Sancar, yaşamın gizemi gibi görülen hücrelerin DNA'larını tamir ederek yaşama tutunmalarını araştırdığı çalışmasıyla layık görüldü. İronik olarak Nobel aileside dinamit gibi bir yaşamı yıkım aracı ile anılmaktadır. Ama durum farklıdır.
Andriette Nobel bir muhasebecinin kızıydı. 1827 yılında Immanuel Nobel ile evlendi. Stokholm'de yaşamaya başladılar ama altı yıl sonra Immanuel'in işleri kötüye gidince daha mütevazi bir yere taşındılar. Çocukları Robert, Ludvig ve Nobel ödüllerinin kurucusu Alfred Nobel burada doğdu. Daha sonra yaşam savaşıyla aile Finlandiya'ya ve akabinde Rusya'ya göçer. Anne Andriette ailesine destek olmak için bir bakkal işletir. Rusya'da en küçük kardeş Emil Oskar doğar ama vefatı aileye tarifsiz acı verir.
Emil Oskar'ın yaşamı trajik olarak 21 yıl sürmüştür. Ölüm nedeni ailenin Rusya'dan Stokholm'e döndüğünde açtıkları fabrikada nitrogliserin ile yaptığı deney sonunda ani patlama ile kazaya kurban gitmesidir. Nitrogliserin Alfred'in aileye armağanıdır! Daha sonra Alfred, nitrogliserini dinamit içinde doğada bulunan sediment (diatomit) taşı tozu ile daha dengeli haline getirerek ticarileştirir.
Robert, Andriette'nin en büyük oğludur. Rusya'ya taşındıklarında babası Immanuel ile mayın fabrikası açarlar. Kardeşler birden fazla dil, matematik ve kimya bilimleri ile donatılır. Aynı zamanda da fabrikada çalışırlar. Hayatlarının kırılım noktası Kırım savaşıdır.
Daha önce Kırım savaşına değinmiştik. İlginç bir savaş tarihte hem biz Osmanlı için hem de İngiltere'nin Sanayi Devrimini başlatması için kırılım yaşatmıştır. Nobel ailesine de aynı şekilde.
Kırım savaşında babasının fabrikasından alınan mayın ve buhar makinaları savaş sonrası bıçak gibi kesilir ve baba tekrar iflas eder. Alfred, küçük kardeşleri Emil, anne ve baba 1859'da İsviçre'ye göçer. Diğer kardeşler kalır.
150 yıl önce ülke ülke dolaşarak dünya vatandaşı olmuş bir aileden bahsediyoruz.
1860'da Robert evlenir ve Helsinki'ye yerleşir. Amerikalı Rockefeller ailesinin sahip olduğu ilk petrol şirketi olan Standard Oil'in ürünlerini satmaya başlar ama rekabete dayanamayıp batar. Daha sonra kardeşi Alfred'in kurduğu Nitrogliserin şirketi ile işler yapar. Ama esas Nobel ailesine katkısı kardeşi Ludvig balayındayken onun şirketinin başına geçmesi ile olur.
Ludvig başından beri girişimci ve iş adamıdır. Ve çok humanisttir. Babasının şirketi olan Fonderies et Ateliers Mécaniques Nobel Fils şirketini 28 yaşında yönetmeye başlar. Şirket yukarıda bahsettiğimiz gibi Kırım savaşından sonra batınca kalanlar ile bir Rus General ile rus ordusuna silah üretmek üzere St. Petesburg'da ortak bir şirket kurar. O sıralar ailesi Rusya'dan taşınmıştır.
Robert savaş ürünleri yerine kendine başka iş kurmak ister ve silahların tahta aksamını kurmak üzere kendine yer arar. Ceviz ağacının bol olduğu Azerbeycan'daki Bakü'ye gider. Lakin bunun yerine Bakü'de bir petrol rafinerisi ve arazi satın alır. O sıralar araziler Rus imparatorluğu tarafından petrol aramak için arazi tahsis edilmektedir. Zaten Robert için uzak bir alan değildir.
1875 yılında petrol çıkarmaya başlarlar. Bu haftalarca medyanın gündeminde kalır. Ludvig ve oğlu Emanuel'de Bakü'ye gider. Robert'a Ludvig, Alfred ve Finn Major General C A Standertskjöld adlı kişi yatırım yapar. Lakin daha da büyümek gerekir ve Robert'e rağmen Branobel şirketi kurulur ve başka yatırımcılar alınır. Şirketin yüzde ellisinden fazlası Ludvig'in yüzde üçeri Alfred ve Robert'indir. Robert'de kaale alınmamasına kızıp kendini 1880'de emekliye ayırır. 16 yıl sonra İsviçre'de hayata gözlerini yumar.
Ludvig, Branobel şirketi ile bir ara dünyanın ihtiyacı olan petrolün yüzde ellisini çıkarır duruma gelir. Rus petrol endüstrisini kurar ve dünyanın en zengin insanı ünvanını alır. Bolşevik devrimi lakin bütün servetine el koyar.
Ludvig petrol endüstrisini icad eder. Petrol tankerleri, yeni nesil rafineriler, petrol boru hatları onun icadıdır. Ondan önce ABD'nin üstünlüğü ile giden petrol endüstrisi 1880'lere gelince Ludvig'le beraber Rusya tarafına geçer. İlk başlarda ABD'ye ajan gönderir. Öğrenir. Bakü'de kimya labratuvarları açar. Petrolün farklı ürün segmentlerini ortaya çıkarmak için onlarca bilim adamı görevlendirilir. Finlandiya'dan, İsviçre'den, Norveç'ten, Almanya'dan gelen bilim adamları ile bir koloni kurulur.
Petrolü tankerde taşımanın getirdiği zorluklar vardır. Öncelikle makinenin ateşinden alev alması engellenmeli, sıcaklıktan dolayı genleşmesi ve büzüşmesi dikkate alınmalı ve tankların havalanması önemlidir. İcadını patentlemez ve ABD kendi tankerlerini Ludvig öldükten sonra onun icatlarına bakarak yapar.
Bunun yanında Ludvig sosyal yönü çok kuvvetlidir. Gelir paylaşımı metodunu getirir ve çalışanları ile hisse paylaşıyormuş gibi gelirlerini paylaşır. Kooperatif bankacılığını çıkarır, Bakü sosyal alanları olan bir yer olarak dizayn edilir. Black City kurulan koloninin adıdır. Burası Nobel'lerin evleri olan Villa Petrolea'nın yanındadır. Nobeller her petrol tankerine bir dini kişinin ismini verir bunlardan birisinin ismi Muhammed'dir ve her dinin özgürce yaşandığı bir mekan yaratırlar. Bazen haftalarca dini bayramlardan iş yapılmaz.
Logo'larında da bir mabedin resmi vardır. Her ne kadar Nobel'lerin yarattığı vaha ideal ise genel anlamda Rus'ların yoksulluğu bu vahanın sınırındadır ve getirdiği kargaşa, kin, nefret bir anlamda Bolşevik ihtilalinin ruhunun gıdasını besler. Bakü'den ayrılmaları ile beraber hisselerinin Standard Oil'e satarak aile bu işten çekilir.
Bakü, Nobel kardeşleri için özel bir yerdir. İsveçli yazar Brita Asbrink bu konuda kitap yazar; Ludvig Nobel: Petroleum Has a Bright Future. Ludvig'in ölümüyle oğlu Emanuel işlerin başına geçer. Emanuel Alfred Nobel'in yeğenidir. Rusya'nın ilk petrol boru hattını kurar. Almanya'da Rudolf Diesel ile geliştirdiği yeni dizel motor üzerine anlaşma yapar ve St. Petesburg'da dizel fabrikası kurar. Bu motorlar ilk olarak geliştirdikleri petrol tankerlerinde kullanılır.
Hazır diesel motorlarda elektrikli motorlardan! büyük bir darbe yedi bu günlerde...
Çar onu Rus vatandaşlığına davet eder ama Bolşevik devrimi gelince 1918'de yurdun dışına çıkarılır. Emanuel evlenmez ve çocuğu yoktur. Amcası Alfred Nobel bütün servetini Nobel ödülüne verdiğinde abisi Robert karşı çıkar ama yiğeni Emanuel sayesinde Nobel ödülleri başlar.
Burada parantez açarak Rockefeller ve Rothschild ailelerinin petrol endüstrisine bakışına değinebiliriz. Nobel ailesinden önce iki ailenin dünyayı paylaşarak rekabet yerine koordinasyon ile petrol fiyatlarını düzenledikleri ve Nobel ailesinin dünyaya petrol vermesi ile bu planın bozulduğu iddia edilir. Ve Nobel'lerden kurtulmak için Bolşevik devrimini fonladıkları söylenir. Böylelikle Ruslar'ın petrol yarışından çekilmesi güya planlanarak petrol fiyatları tekrar diğer iki ailenin eline bırakılmıştır.
Nobel'ler çeşitliliğin, çalışanların hissedarlığının olduğu yeri Bakü'de yeşertmiş gözüküyor. İronik olarak çal
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at Weill Graduate School of Medical Sciences of Cornell University. After graduation from Harvard College and Harvard Medical School, he trained in internal medicine and oncology at Massachusetts General Hospital, the National Cancer Institute and Yale before joining the faculty of the Rockefeller University from 1977 to1986. He has been at Weill Cornell Medical College since 1986, where he has served as founding director of the Tri-Institutional MD–PhD Program, senior associate dean for research and acting dean. A member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology, Nathan serves as associate scientific director of the Cancer Research Institute, a Trustee of the Hospital for Special Surgery, and since 1988, an editor of the Journal of Experimental Medicine. He received the Robert Koch Prize in 2009 for his work on host defense against infection.
Over four decades Nathan established that lymphocyte products activate macrophages, that interferon-gamma is a major macrophage activating factor in mice and humans, and that mechanisms of macrophage antimicrobial activity include induction of the respiratory burst and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Although iNOS helps the host control Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb resists sterilization by host immunity. The biochemical basis of Mtb's persistence is the lab's present focus. Genetic and chemical screens have identified enzymes that Mtb requires to survive during non-replicative persistence, including the proteasome, a serine protease that controls intrabacterial pH, and components of pyruvate dehydrogenase and nucleotide excision repair, along with inhibitors of each.
Christopher Sassetti, PhD
Christopher Sassetti is an assistant professor of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and the University of Massachusetts Medical School and an early career scientist of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. After receiving his PhD in Immunology from the University of California San Francisco, he pursued his postdoctoral training in bacterial genetics at the Harvard School of Public Health. He joined the faculty at the University of Massachusetts in 2004. Sassetti's research focuses on the application of high-throughput genetic approaches to understand the how Mycobacterium tuberculosis adapts to the host environment.
Dirk Schnappinger, PhD
Dirk Schnappinger received his PhD from the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen–Nürnberg, Germany in 1998. After his graduate work on protein engineering, Schnappinger began to study the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, first at the University of California, Berkeley, and then at Stanford University. In 2001 he founded his own research group at the Weill Cornell Medical College. His work focuses on the development of genetic tools and the analysis of essential genes of M. tuberculosis. Göç Destanı
Göç Destanı hakkında bilgi
Göç destαnınα göre Uygur hükümdαrı Çinlilerle sαvαşmαmαk için Çin prensesiyle evlenmek ister. Çinliler bu prenses kαrşılığındα Türklerce kutsαl sαyılαn bir tαşı isterler ve bu tαş Çinlilere verilir. Tαş gidince Uygur ülkesine bir felαket çöker.
Öyle ki; Uygurlαrlα, onlαrα tαbi etrαftαki kαvimler αtlαrın kişnemesinden, vαhşi hαyvαnlαr ve köpeklerin ulumαsındαn, sığırlαrın böğürmesinden, koyun ve keçilerin melemesinden, kuşlαrın ötmesinden, çocuklαrın αğlαmαsındαn kısαcα her şeyden “göç, göç” diye ses duymαyα bαşlαdılαr.
Bu yüzden Uygurlαr yerlerinden kαlktılαr. Αrtık yurtlαrındαn αyrılmαnın zαmαnının geldiğine inαndılαr. Konαklαdıklαrı her yerde αynı sesi duyuyorlαrdı. Göç, göç. Nihαyet bαşkα bir memlekete geldiklerinde, sesler kesildi ve Uygurlαr orαyα beş mαhαlleli bir şehir kurdulαr.
Burαyα Beş Bαlık αdını verdiler ve şehir günden güne büyüdü. O zαmαndαn beri orαyα yerleşen Uygurlαrın çocuklαrı burαyı vαtαn bildiler ve burαdα beylik yαpıyorlαr.
Destαnın en önemli özelliği değersiz bir kαyα pαrçαsının bile hiçbir şey uğrunα düşmαnα verilmemesi gerektiği αnlαtılmαktαdır. In the same way that we might think of the fans of an ideology or event, thinking of the market as one being that reacts to stimuli in a consistent and explainable manner forms the fundamentals of behavioral economics. There are several different theories that explain how the market might react to a scenario, but there are none worth exploring more than those that might explain what’s been happening recently with inflation in the economy.
Consumer prices soared. Inflation increased at a rate never seen before and hit 9.1%. Optimism, on the other hand, hit a minimum.
Through all the uncertainty, the only thing proven in June was that the market is self-fulfilling. This is not to verify the efficient market hypothesis, that the market reflects all information, but instead that the market reflects all emotion—something irrational and therefore difficult to act upon, a primary endeavor of the supporters of the former. In June, self-fulfillment led to an increase in inflation in both ways that theories postulate inflation occurs: demand-pull and cost-push.
Demand-pull inflation is the pressure put on prices that leads to increases when there exists a shortage in supply, a natural problem arising from the pandemic. The effects of this are obvious and observed—the shortage has created several case studies that exemplify this happening, for example with rising prices for CPU chips and GPUs. The only caveat with demand-pull inflation is that there is an apparent end; at some point, the supply-demand curve will reach a state of equilibrium. On the other hand, the primary antagonist to be blamed for June’s inflation, cost-push-induced inflation, can be perpetual.
If the market has emotions, uncontrolled cost-push feeds on all those that are negative. This contributes to a vicious cycle that leads to inflation and eventual stagflation or recession. Inflationary psychology—the notion that if it’s expected that inflation will continue in the future, then it will continue—leads people to restrict themselves from making purchases, an impossible habit to maintain. The only possibility, then, is to increase the amount of capital that there is to spend in hopes of adjusting to the rising prices. Employees ask businesses for greater wages and, once provided, businesses raise prices to accommodate for the additional spending. This leads to employees once again facing the same problem; their asking for money over and over—and the businesses’ response of repeatedly raising prices—is what’s known as a wage spiral. The wage spiral is just one form of cost-push type inflation, but it was the primary precursor to the peaked rate of 9.1% in June and the shrinking of the economy.
Prices continued to increase, but inflation came down to 8.5%. Monetary policy had been moderately successful.
Consumer sentiment may be in control of the market, but it also has the potential to be suppressed. With the wage spiral, the caveat has always been that more money is required than there is to spend but there exists a way to get more. Businesses typically acquire this additional capital through debt that’s expected to be paid off with increased profits from raised prices. By adjusting interest rates, as the Fed did in June with an increase of 75 basis points, borrowing money to make some more is no longer appealing. Both businesses and consumers decreased spending. Though cost-push wants to take place, the agents that would typically implement it no longer have the facilities to operate. Inflation begins to decrease to the desired rate of 2% or until a new equilibrium between interest rate and spending is found.
What sets the course of events of the past two months apart is that the employment rates of the country didn’t drop significantly throughout this crisis. Opportunity existed and still does with at least 2 vacancies for every unemployed person, but that wasn’t enough to prevent the shrinking of the economy. Though some questions have been answered, such as those of the role of market psychology in recent inflation, we’re left wondering how a recession in the future will differ from how it used to be. The economy has shifted paradigms and addressing unemployment is no longer just about providing people with openings at jobs; will the next big fall, fueled by unaddressable shortfalls, be the last?
You must log in to post a comment. Capitol isyanını araştıran Demokratlar, federal kolluk kuvvetlerinden ilgili mesajları talep ettiler
6 Ocak 2021’de ABD Başkenti’ndeki isyanı araştıran Kongre paneli, bir hükümet gözlemcisinin ajansın onları kötü niyetle silmiş olabileceğini öne sürmesinin ardından, olaya ışık tutabilecek metin mesajları için Gizli Servis’i mahkemeye çağırdı.
Cuma günü Gizli Servis Direktörü James Murray’e yazılan bir mektupta, Temsilci Bennie Thompson (D-Mississippi), Meclis komitesinin polis teşkilatına, orijinal olarak 5 ve 6 Ocak’ta gönderilen bir dizi metin mesajı üretmesi için mahkeme celbi verdiğini söyledi. Belgelerin Kongre’ye sunulması için 19 Temmuz son tarih.
Seçim Komitesi, Birleşik Devletler Gizli Servisi’nden kayıtlar için bir mahkeme celbi yayınladı. @BennieGThompson Gizli Servis’in 5 ve 6 Ocak 2021 tarihli ve silindiği bildirilen metin mesajları hakkında bilgi istedi.
— 6 Ocak Komitesi (@Ocak6thCmte) 16 Temmuz 2022
İç Güvenlik Bakanlığı’nın (DHS) genel müfettişi, daha önce Gizli Servis’in bu mesajları sildiğini – ve bunu ancak açıkça onları teslim etmesi istendikten sonra yaptığını – öne sürse de, servis daha sonra bazı metinlerin bir ön incelemenin parçası olarak silindiğini söyledi. -planlı “sistem geçişi” ama eklendi “metinlerin hiçbiri [the inspector general] arayan göçte kaybolmuştu.”
Bununla birlikte, Gizli Servis’in şimdi onlara sahip olduğunu iddia ettiği için mesajların neden henüz teslim edilmediği belirsizliğini koruyor.
Metinlerin kendilerine ek olarak, Meclis paneli ayrıca ilgili herhangi bir “Herhangi bir ve tüm birimlerde düzenlenen eylem raporlarından sonra” hizmetin.
Gizli Servis sözcüsü Anthony Guglielmi Perşembe günü Washington Post’a yaptığı yorumlarda hiçbir mesajın silinmediği konusunda ısrar etti. “kötü niyetli” müfettişin genel talebine uymaktan kaçınmak, bunun yerine ajansın “tam işbirliği” soruşturma ile “her açıdan.”
DEVAMINI OKU:
ABD Gizli Servisi, Capitol isyan suçlamalarını reddetti
Bu hikayeyi sosyal medyada paylaşabilirsiniz: Non fate i maestri di spirito, e non pensate di convertire gli altri; ma pensate a regolare prima voi stessi.
Signore guardami oggi che ti tradirò, e farò tutto il male del mondo se tu non mi aiuti.
Chi cerca consolazione fuori di Cristo non la troverà mai.
La santità consiste in tre dita di spazio.
State buoni, se potete.
L'uomo che non prega è un animale senza parola.
Siate umili e state bassi.
Le tentazioni si vincono resistendo ad esse, ad eccezione di quelle carnali, dove è solo fuggendo che si hanno gloriose vittorie.
Scrupoli e malinconia, fuori di casa mia.
Fratelli, state allegri, ridete pure, scherzate finché volete, ma non fate peccato! Marco mori è l'unico che ormai da anni ci racconta la verità: l'Europa è un'organizzazione criminale contro i popoli, gli stati e la costituzione. Il parlamento europeo non ha mai avuto potere legislativo, è un organo che serve solo a darci l'illusione della democrazia, a decidere tutto è il Consiglio europeo, la Commissione europea, la BCE e il FMI.
Tutti organi sovranazionali composti da membri non eletti dai cittadini, che godono di una totale immunità e che se ne fregano nella maniera più totale delle nostre esigenze (anche minime). I trattati internazionali che hanno distrutto l'Italia sono stati imposti da una classe politica scellerata che meriterebbe solo di essere giudicata e condannata da un tribunale militare (in altre parole devono morire). 永利最新平台青年女企业家举报称遭区团委书记猥亵警方展开调查
十三年，吴召鲁、卫之君会於橐皋。
却说糜竺回报陶谦，言北海又请得刘玄德来助；陈元龙也回报青州田楷欣然领兵来救；陶谦心安。原来孔融、田楷两路军马，惧怕曹兵势猛，远远依山下寨，未敢轻进。曹操见两路军到，亦分了军势，不敢向前攻城。
却说蔡瑁方欲回城，赵云引军赶出城来。原来赵云正饮酒间，忽见人马动，急入内观之，席上不见了玄德。云大惊，出投馆舍，听得人说：“蔡瑁引军望西赶去了。”云火����
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49. Kim H-L, Seo J-B, Chung W-Y, Kim S-H, Kim M-A, Zo J-H. Association between invasively measured central aortic pressure and left ventricular diastolic function in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Am J Hypertens
50. Danchin N, Benetos A, Lopez-Sublet M, Demicheli T, Safar M, Mourad JJ. Aortic pulse pressure is related to the presence and extent of coronary artery disease in men undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography: a multicenter study. Am J Hypertens
51. Safar ME, Blacher J, Pannier B, Guerin AP, Marchais SJ, Guyonvarc’h PM, London GM. Central pulse pressure and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Hypertension
52. Vlachopoulos C, Aznaouridis K, O’Rourke MF, Safar ME, Baou K, Stefanadis C. Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with central haemodynamics: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J
53. Kelly RP, Gibbs HH, O’Rourke MF, Daley JE, Mang K, Morgan JJ, Avolio AP. Nitroglycerin has more favourable effects on left ventricular afterload than apparent from measurement of pressure in a peripheral artery. Eur Heart J
54. Picone DS, Schultz MG, Otahal P, Aakhus S, Al-Jumaily AM, Black JA, et al. Accuracy of cuff-measured blood pressure: systematic reviews and meta-analyses. J Am Coll Cardiol
55. Millasseau S, Agnoletti D. Noninvasive estimation of aortic blood pressures: a close look at current devices and methods. Curr Pharm Des
56. Sharman JE, Avolio AP, Baulmann J, Benetos A, Blacher J, Blizzard CL, et al. Validation of noninvasive central blood pressure devices: ARTERY Society task force consensus statement on protocol standardization. Eur Heart J
57. Kumar N, Khunger M, Gupta A, Garg N. A content analysis of smartphone–based applications for hypertension management. J Am Soc Hypertens
58. Goldberg EM, Levy PD. New approaches to evaluating and monitoring blood pressure. Curr Hypertens Rep
59. Bilo G, Zorzi C, Ochoa Munera JE, Torlasco C, Giuli V, Parati G. Validation of the Somnotouch-NIBP noninvasive continuous blood pressure monitor according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010. Blood Press Monit
60. Raichle CJ, Eckstein J, Lapaire O, Leonardi L, Brasier N, Vischer AS, Burkard T. Performance of a blood pressure smartphone app in pregnant women: the iPARR trial (iPhone App Compared With Standard RR Measurement). Hypertension
61. Chandrasekhar A, Kim CS, Naji M, Natarajan K, Hahn JO, Mukkamala R. Smartphone-based blood pressure monitoring via the oscillometric finger-pressing method. Sci Transl Med
62. Butlin M, Shirbani F, Barin E, Tan I, Spronck B, Avolio AP. Cuffless estimation of blood pressure: importance of variability in blood pressure dependence of arterial stiffness across individuals and measurement sites. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng
63. Mukkamala R, Hahn JO, Inan OT, Mestha LK, Kim CS, Toreyin H, Kyal S. Toward ubiquitous blood pressure monitoring via pulse transit time: theory and practice. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng
64. Nair D, Tan SY, Gan HW, Lim SF, Tan J, Zhu M, et al. The use of ambulatory tonometric radial arterial wave capture to measure ambulatory blood pressure: the validation of a novel wrist-bound device in adults. J Hum Hypertens
65. Lee SS, Nam DH, Hong YS, Lee WB, Son IH, Kim KH, Choi JG. Measurement of blood pressure using an arterial pulsimeter equipped with a Hall device. Sensors
66. Wang C, Li X, Hu H, Zhang L, Huang Z, Lin M, et al. Monitoring of the central blood pressure waveform via a conformal ultrasonic device. Nat Biomed Eng
67. Shuren J, Patel B, Gottlieb S. FDA regulation of mobile medical apps. JAMA
68. WHO Global Model Regulatory Framework for Medical Devices including in vitro diagnostic medical devices: WHO Medical device technical series 2017. https://www.who.int/medical_devices/publications/global_model_regulatory_framework_meddev/en/
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69. US Food and Drug Administration: regulatory harmonization and convergence. https://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/InternationalActivities/ucm271079.htm
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70. British and Irish Hypertension Society. BP monitors. 2017/2018; Leicester, UK: BIHS, https://bihsoc.org/bp-monitors/https://bihsoc.org/bp-monitors/
. [Accessed 4 December 2018]. گوترش به اهمیت حمایت مالی از مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی تاکید کرد
آنتونیو گوترش دبیرکل سازمان ملل: کشورهای گروه هفت تعهدات مالی خود برای مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی را افزایش دهند
آنتونیو گوترش دبیرکل سازمان ملل از کشورهای گروه هفت (آلمان، آمریکا، انگلستان، فرانسه، ایتالیا، ژاپن و کانادا) خواستار افزایش دادن تعهدات مالی خود برای مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی طی 5 سال آینده گردید.
گوترش طی سخنانی در دوازدهمین گفتوگوی اقلیم پترزبورگ که با روش پیام ویدیویی شرکت جست، اظهار داشت، سال گذشته نیز فجایع ناشی از تغییرات اقلیمی به بالاترین سطح رسیده و کره زمین در لب پرتگاه قرار گرفت.
گوترش ضمن جلب دقت به اینکه، انطباق کشورهای کم درآمد و در حال توسعه با مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی مستلزم حمایت مالی و تکنولوژیکی میباشد، کشورهای عضو گروه هفت و دیگر کشورهای توسعهیافته را به افزایش دادن تعهدات مالی خود برای مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی طی 5 سال آینده فراخواند.
گوترش از کشورهای ثروتمند خواست که تعهد پرداخت 100 میلیارد دلار در سال برای مبارزه با تغییرات اقلیمی در کشورهای در حال توسعه را بجای بیاورند.
آنتونیو گوترش با اشاره براینکه، کشورهای پیشرفته باید به استفاده از ذغال سنگ تا سال 2030 و دیگر کشورها نیز تا سال 2040 پایان دهند، گفت، سوختهای فسیلی دیگر گرانتر از منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر هستند.
دبیرکل سازمان ملل در ادامه افزود، برای دستیابی به هدف کربن صفر تا سال 2050 ، کاهش 45 درصدی انتشار جهانی گاز کربن تا سال 2030 الزم است. The Common European Framework is a framework for the standardisation of language levels. It works by giving verbal descriptions (called descriptors) of the things a language user should be able to do with a language at certain levels. There are 6 levels, extending from A1 to C2, A1 being elementary and C1 being a native user. Here is an example of the general B1 descriptor:
Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. Can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans.
This descriptor might look so vague as to be almost meaningless. However, the Framework goes into great complexity, with descriptors for all four main skills, and for many micro skills such as information processing, text management, phonology and conversation monitoring and repair, to name a few, with descriptors for all six levels.
Here is an example of a B1 speaking short turn interaction descriptor:
Can start again using a different tactic when communication breaks down.
The descriptors have been arrived at by three means: intuitive thinking, qualitative and quantitative research. Most of the descriptors have been rigorously empirically tested over a wide spectrum of European languages. They are as accurate and as reliable as any descriptions of language competencies are ever going to get.
The practical benefits of the CEF are manifold.
➢ By emphasising competency (language in use), it shifts the whole emphasis of language teaching and testing towards ability in use, rather than simply knowledge of rules. This is a great step forward.
➢ By its scope and detail, it allows assessors and other users to build a profile of different abilities, rather than assigning a number to an overall, theoretical and largely meaningless level, which is how most previous (and some current tests) operate.
➢ It also is a departure from grammar/vocabulary assessment systems, allowing the Framework to be applied to languages which have widely disparate grammatical systems.
➢ In its sheer breadth and depth, it allows curriculum designers, coursebook writers, teachers and learners to be very selective about what areas of the language, and what abilities they want to focus on, without losing some sense of a common measurable standard in their search for a tailor- made individualised syllabus.
Like any big conceptual structure, it has a few faults.
Chief among these is the assumption that low level users are dependent on set-phrases, while high level users are free from this dependency. The Framework states that grammatical competency is the ability to produce sentences and utterances which conform to the rules of grammar as opposed to memorising and reproducing them as fixed formula. This is wrong. Advanced use is not the ability to construct sentences on the hoof from scratch, utilising the rules of grammar, as the Framework authors think, but a combination of grammatical complexity and low-frequency vocabulary usage. Research in computational linguistics is quite unambiguous in attesting to the ubiquitous presence of pre-memorised set-phrases in very advanced users, in all kinds of discourses. This aside, only a few of the descriptors at C1 and C2 level are affected by this.
These practical considerations aside, what’s most interesting, is the philosophical assumptions that underlie the whole project, in particular its essentially European, humanistic impulse. One can see the CEF as the latest in a long line of Humanistic, Enlightenment projects that sought to encompass, encode and describe all domains of human knowledge: Diderot’s Encylopedia, Grimms’ Worterbuch, Johnson’s Dictionary. The anonymous authors of the Framework go out of their way to emphasise the holistic, individualistic aspect of language use and learning: no two users of a language, whether native speakers of foreign learners have exactly the same competences or develop them in the same way. The accompanying documents, in which the underlying assumptions of the whole project are described, encompass a long tradition of European thought, from the pre-Socratic philosophers to Kant’s phenomenology to the latest research in neurobiology.
The CEF aims at total flexibility of use without sacrificing a useful set of universal standards, and it largely succeeds in this aim. - ho Darling your home I am pregnent I think her name can be Larissa!
So Mérida said:
That's nice I Love that name .
veya normal giriş formunu kullanın
Okuduğunuz için teşekkürler!
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Kullanıcı tarafından gönderilen içerik kendi şartlarına tabidir.
EC'de gururla yapıldı.
Stories that will inspire you.
Gizlilik Politikası
Kullanım Şartları Chakras, mantra e mandala
di Diego Fayenz
Lo studio dei chakras è un argomento lungo e difficile che ha bisogno di lunghi studi e di ancor più lunga preparazione pratica. In questa breve relazione valuteremo il significato di mantra e mandala, due realtà che racchiudono in modo concreto per stimolare i nostri centri vitali cioè i chakras.
Il significato etimologico della parola mantra deriva dal verbo sanscrito “Man” che significa pensare e dal suffisso strumentale “Tra”, perciò viene generalmente tradotto come “strumento del pensiero”, pensiero espresso in formule di preghiera e di canto. E’ anche denominazione usuale di inni e testi vedici, quando questi testi incominciarono ad essere usati come formule magiche. La parola acquistò allora anche il significato di “incantesimo”.
Quando i bramini parlano dei mantra intendono genericamente con questa parola qualunque versetto musicale “sam hita”dei 3 Veda (Rig, Y
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很快地看了一下女孩子的帐篷后，哈利、罗恩和荷米恩拿着水壶和锅，穿过营地出发了。女孩子的帐篷只是比男孩的稍微小了一点，但没有那股猫味。
现在，太阳刚刚升起，雾也小了很多，他们可以看到这个帐篷的世界向各个方向伸展。他们慢慢地穿过那一排排的帐篷，到处张望。只有哈利会在想这个世界上到底有多少的巫婆和巫士；他从来没有想过那些在其它国家的巫士。
其他的露营者开始起床了。首先是一些有着小孩子的家庭；哈利从来没有见过这么年幼的小巫婆和巫士。一个不超过两岁的小男孩从一个金字塔形的帐篷爬了出来，拿着一个魔杖，十分高兴地戳着草地上的一个慢慢膨胀得像意大利香肠那么大的蛞蝓。当他们走近他时，他的妈妈急忙从帐篷里走了出来。
“多少次了，凯文？你不可以碰爸爸的魔杖！”
她踩了一下那巨大的蜡输，那蛞蝓便裂开了。她的骂声，混合了小男孩的哭喊声“你弄破了蛞蝓！你弄破了蛞蝓！”飘荡在宁静的空中。
不远处，他们看到两个小巫婆，和凯文年龄差不多。她们正骑着一个玩具扫帚，只能升到一个女孩的脚趾头那么高，仅仅可以掠过带有露珠的小草。一位巫士官员发现了她们，经过哈利、罗恩和荷米恩，他急忙跑向她们，并不停地发牢骚：“都大白天了，父母还在睡懒觉，我想……”
四周的巫婆和巫士们都从帐篷里出来了，开始准备早餐。有些偷偷地看一下四周，然后用魔杖点火；有些充满怀疑地试着用火柴点火，好像这是不可能似的。三个非洲的巫婆正在严肃地交谈，她们都穿着长长的白色泡子，而一群中年的美国巫上坐在一个亮晶晶的标语下面十分高兴的闲谈。那个标语挂在他们帐篷之间，上面写着“巫土沙龙”。当他们经过这些帐篷时，哈利听到里面正用一种奇怪的语言交谈，虽然他听不懂，但每个声音的语调都是非常兴奋的。
“呃，是我眼睛的问题，还是有些东西变绿了？”罗恩问。
不仅仅是罗恩眼睛的问题。他们走进了一个帐篷的营地，那里所有的帐篷看起来都像用三叶草盖着，透过那些打开人口的帐篷可以看到一张张笑脸，忽然，在他们后面，他们听到了有人叫他们的名字。
“哈利！罗恩！荷米恩！”
是谢默斯。芬尼更——格林芬顿的队友。他正坐在他自己的有三叶草盖着的帐篷前，旁边有红发妇女，应该是他的妈妈，还有他的最好的朋友，迪恩，也是格林芬顿的队友。
“好像装饰品吧？”谢默斯嘴笑着问，笑着当哈利、罗恩和荷米思走过来打招呼时。“内阁不是很高兴。”
“啊，为什么我们不能用我们喜欢的颜色呢？”芬尼更太太问，“你们应当看一下保加利亚是拿什么来炫耀的。你们当真会支持爱尔兰？”她补充说，盯着哈利、罗恩和荷米恩。
当他们保证他们真的支持爱尔兰后，他们又重新出发了，不过，正如罗恩所说的：“在那种情况下，我们必须说些东西。”
“我对于保加利亚人放在他们帐篷上，拿来炫耀的东西很好奇。”荷米恩说。
“我们去看一下吧。”哈利说着，并指向前方那片大的营地，在那里，保加利亚的红、绿、白国旗，在风中飘扬。
帐篷不是用植物来装饰，而是每一个都帖着同样的海报。一张印有一个深黑色眉毛的傲慢的脸。这张画不断地移动，但画中的脸却是不断地眨眼和皱眉。
“克伦。”罗恩小声地说。
“什么？”荷米恩问。
“克伦！”罗恩说，“维特。克伦，保加利亚的搜索者！”
“他看起来真是很粗鲁。”荷米恩说，看着周围这么多克伦在向他们眨眼和皱眉。
“真的很粗鲁吗？”罗恩抬起头望着天空。“谁在乎他长得怎么样呢？他简直是不可思议，他也真的很年轻。只有十八岁左右，他是一个天才，到今天晚上，你就可以看到了。”
哈里波特4：燃烧的高脚杯
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关闭】 A lesson Plan Template is a document that describes the manner in which a teacher will instruct her learners in a given class schedule. Assuming that your lesson takes 40 minutes, you will have to distribute your tasks for the given time using a Unit Plan Templates. Partition it into three segments. Give at least 5 minutes for your introduction and another 5 minutes for conclusion. This leaves you with 30 minutes for lesson development.
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Lesson plans are designed for specific classes. They also target specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time bound objectives. As a result, a perfect lesson plan should and must create room for evaluation of the success of the given lesson. You may Also Like Plan Templates The government shut down earlier this year in the United States hasn’t shut down spending this holiday season. Shoppers plan to spend an average of US$801.00 on gifts.
And last year among the most requested items for Christmas were gift cards, electronics, and toys.
This year, why not try to give at least a few gifts that teach kids ways to create a better food system–and less about the latest trends?
These sorts of “gifts” are now needed more than ever before. According to the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF): Nearly one in ten secondary pupils thinks tomatoes grow under ground. The sad truth is that many children, all over the world, don’t know where their food comes from–and the results can be devastating. In New York City, 40 percent of all elementary school children are obese or overweight, making nutrition and food education an important topic for both parents and educators.
This holiday season consider giving the gift of a better food system through teaching kids about where food comes from, who grows it, and what sorts of foods are both healthy and delicious.
Food Tank has compiled a list of 15 books that will make great gifts for your daughter, son, niece, nephew, or grandchild this holiday!
1. Lidia’s Family Kitchen: Nonna’s Birthday Surprise by Lidia Bastianich
Nonna Lidia is responsible for planning the menu for a birthday surprise feast for Nonna Mima. Through the course of the evening’s preparations, Nonna Lidia reminisces about her youth on the farm where she grew her own fruits and vegetables. The book includes 18 recipes featuring ingredients that are abundant during each season and suggestions for including kids in meal preparation.
2. Green Smoothie Magic by Victoria Boutenko
Young Nic is an inquisitive child with a fondness for magic. Nic learns from his father about the “magical green juice,” called chlorophyll, that helps to power the growth of plants and trees. Eager to grow as big and strong as the oak trees that fascinate him, Nic determines to eat more vegetables and he is challenged by the bitter taste of greens to come up with a raw-food green smoothie that makes vegetables taste as good as they are for his health.
3. How Did That Get in my Lunchbox?: The Story of Food by Chris Butterworth
Readers are presented with an engaging examination of how some of the most common foods that they eat are produced and eventually make their way into their lunchboxes.
4. In the Garden with Dr. Carver by Susan Grigsby
In the early 1900s, many rural Alabama communities were struggling to produce food from soil that was drained of its nutrients because of cotton production. In the book, Dr. George Washington Carver arrives to help the farms and school garden in the community grow food again.
5. First Peas to the Table: How Thomas Jefferson Inspired a School Garden by Susan Grigby
Maya is excited to participate in the planting of a school garden and her school’s “First Peas to Table” contest. With help and inspiration from Thomas Jefferson’s Garden Book, Maya plants pea seeds while keeping track of their progress in her garden journal.
6. Grow Your Own! by Esther Hall
Sidney and his mom live a busy city life, where meals come mainly from the microwave. Not the most avid eater of vegetables, Sidney’s outlook toward eating greens changes after a visit to is grandmother in the country.
7. Molly’s Organic Farm by Carol L. Malnor
Molly the cat, a curious wanderer, finds herself in an organic farm one day, where she plays, rests, and hunts among the vegetables. As she becomes a regular visitor in the garden, Molly witnesses the interplay of natural forces that come together to produce organic, healthy food
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’s Air Traffic Management (ATM) networks is important because of the forecasted increase in air traffic. Nowadays the system can handle thousands of airplanes, most of them having a pilot to talk to. In the years to come, according to Siebert, Europe needs an infrastructure that can handle hundreds of thousands of different vehicles, most of them unmanned.
To solve this problem for the drones, a concept of U-Space is being developed. It refers to a set of new services and specific procedures designed to support safe, efficient and secure access to airspace for large numbers of drones.
– We know we have to act very fast on that, but it will not be enough. With this type of traffic complexity, we must have automation instead of a human in the centre of information processing for traffic management, says Siebert.
The vision is to build a fully scalable ATC system for all air traffic with new services that will also help eliminate environmental inefficiencies.
As for the regulations, national rules will be replaced by a common EU regulation. The purpose of this reform is to create a truly harmonised drone market in Europe with the highest level of safety. More information about the new EU-wide rules on drones is available on the website of the European Aviation Safety Agency.
The ‘Carbon neutral drone service solutions in Southern Finland’ project’s main implementor is the City of Helsinki innovation company Forum Virium Helsinki Oy. The sub-implementors are Posintra Oy and South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences (Xamk). The project is funded by the European Regional Development Fund ERDF and will run until the end of 2021. عضو هیات رییسه شورای شهر تهران با انتقاد از تخفیفاتی که برای کارتبلیت الکترونیک حمل و نقل عمومی در نظر گرفته شده است، گفت: ما برای تکریم هنرمندان و بعضی از دیگر اقشار تخفیفهای خوبی در نظر میگیریم اما برای افراد تحت پوشش کمیته امداد و بهزیستی که نیازمندان واقعی هستند تنها ۵۰ درصد تخفیف در نظر گرفتهایم؛ درحالی که جایگاه اصلی تخفیف اینجاست.
بهاره آروین در دویست و بیست و هفتمین جلسه علنی شورای شهر تهران و در جریان بررسی طرح «اصلاحیه ماده واحده مصوبه “نظام یکپارچه بلیت الکترونیک حمل و نقل عمومی شهر تهران”» طی پیشنهادی اظهار داشت: در بند (یک) تبصره (یک) این طرح درجهت تکریم والدین و همسران شهدا و جانبازان ۲۵ درصد به آنها بلیت الکترونیک رایگان اختصاص داده شده است اما در بند (چهار) برای افراد تحت پوشش بهزیستی و کمیته امداد ۵۰ درصد تخفیف در نظر گرفتهایم. جایی که باید تخفیف دهیم اینجاست.
عضو هیات رییسه شورای شهر تهران تاکید کرد: فکر می کنم منطق تخفیفات این است که به نیازمندان کمک کرده باشیم؛ بنابراین بهتر است این درصدها را جا به جا کنیم.
آروین ادامه داد: درست است که ورود صحن به یک سری از موارد با توجه به پوشش رسانهای نامناسب و پررنگ یا کمرنگ کردن برخی موضوعات باعث برداشتها و پیامدهای غیرواقعی میشود اما این نباید باعث شود شورا این مباحث را به درون کمیسیونها برده و عملکردی غیرشفاف داشته باشد.
رییس کمیته شفافیت و شهر هوشمند شورای شهر تهران تصریح کرد: در این طرح مشخص نیست با چه منطقی به هنرمندان برای تکریمشان ۵۰ درصد تخفیف داده شده و برای افراد تحت پوشش کمیته امداد و بهزیستی که نیازمند واقعی هستند هم ۵۰ درصد تخفیف در نظر گرفته شده است. آیا حتما باید از طریق حمل و نقل عمومی هنرمندان را تکریم کنیم؟
وی با بیان اینکه طرح یادشده از منطق مناسبی برخوردار نیست، گفت: این طرح به نیازمند ۵۰ درصد تخفیف میدهد و برای کسی که قرار است صرفا تکریم شود کارت بلیت رایگان میدهد. یا به عنوان مثال با وجود اینکه در بند (دو) تبصره (یک) برای سالمندان ۶۵ سال به بالا تخفیف ۹۰ درصدی در نظر گرفته شده، در بند (هفت) مجددا به تخفیف ۹۰ درصدی برای بازنشستگان و وظیفهبگیران شهرداری اشاره شده است. چرا باید برای کارمندان خود امتیاز ویژهای در نظر بگیریم؟ این مبالغ مربوط به همه شهروندان تهرانی است.
آروین تاکید کرد: اینکه کمیسیون تخصصی مسئولیت جزئیات را به عهده بگیرد اشکالی ندارد اما حداقل ای کاش در صحن شورا درخصوص منطق کلی طرحها و لوایح به تفاهم برسیم.
درنهایت پیشنهاد آروین مبنی بر رایگان شدن کارتبلیت الکترونیک حمل و نقل عمومی برای افراد تحت پوشش بهزیستی و کمیته امداد با ۱۲ موافق از ۱۴ نفر از حاضران به تصویب رسید. Si avvisano gli utenti che lo Sportello della Prefettura attivo presso il Comune di Cesena rimarrà chiuso fino al 1° febbraio 2019.
Data Ultima Modifica: 29 Gennaio 2019
Data di Pubblicazione: 28 Gennaio 2019
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Qualora questo articolo dovesse contenere errori o inesattezze si prega di segnalarlo a [email protected] Richard Wright's Social and Literary Education Continues As He Matures As a Writer in the North
During the Great Depression Richard Wright changed several other jobs. For following the Wall Street crash which ushered in the depression, the volume of mails dropped, Wright's working hours were thus cut back considerably before he finally lost his postal job. He then began work, in 1930, on a novel, Cesspool, about black life in Chicago that was published posthumously as Lawd Today! reflecting his experience in the post office.
In 1931 Wright published a short story, "Superstition," in Abbott's Monthly Magazine, a black journal. But unfortunately the journal fails before Wright collects any money from them. He was also given the opportunity to write through the Federal Writers' Project. so that by the time he moved to New York City, he had written most of the novel Lawd Today, which was published posthumously in 1963.
Christmas comes and Richard works at the post office temporarily, where he again talks to his Irish friend about current events.
When his postal job ends he digs ditches at the Cook County Forest Preserves after which he gets employed in a medical research institute at one of the largest and wealthiest hospitals in Chicago, The Michael Reese Hospital. There he is responsible for caring for the animals used in medical research. He is immediately struck by the racial division set by the hospital authorities. Along with three other black men, Richard is restricted to the basement corridors so as not to allow them to mingle with the white workers. He cleans the operating rooms and the animal cages.
Richard is shocked at the extremely simple and brutalized mind of Bill, a boy of his age, with whom he, worked and who was usually sleepy or drunk.. Unlike the others, including two Brand and Cooke who had been employed at the institute for a longer period of time, Richard takes an interest in what the doctors are doing. One day, one of the doctors leaves a bottle of Nembutal an anesthetic out. Out of his usual curiosity, Richard opens the bottle and smells it. Brand pretends that the Nembutal is poisonous and scares Richard by telling him to run or he'll fall dead.
Once, the authorities sent a young Jewish boy to time Richard as he cleans a room. After timing him, the boys calculate how long it will take Richard to clean all the rooms and five flights of steps. From then on, Richard begins to feel like a slave,always trying to work against time.
At the hospital, Brand and Cooke do nothing but feud with each other. One day, the two begin to argue over what year has the last coldest day in Chicago. Cooke pulls a long knife from his pocket and Brand seizes an ice pick to defend himself. A physical battle then ensues between them. Although no one is hurt, the animal cages topple over, letting dogs, mice, guinea pigs and rats run loose everywhere. The four black workers spend the rest of their lunch break trying to sort the animals out, randomly placing mice and rats in their cages, not knowing whether they were the cancerous rats or the ones injected with tuberculosis. None of the doctors notice anything wrong and neither of the workers tells the director about the disaster. Richard notes that because of the way in which the black workers are treated, they have learnt to form their own code of ethics, values, and loyalty.
Meanwhile, the depression grows worse and Richard is forced to move his family into a small dingy rented apartment. There one morning, his mother tells him there is no food for breakfast, and he must go to the Cook County Bureau of Public Welfare to beg for bread. At the welfare station, Richard is embarrassed at first, but becomes aware of the bonding experience happening around him with: individuals sharing their experiences, thus unifying themselves. He leaves the relief station with a new kind of hope: the possibility that a new understanding of life could be given to those he had met there. Richard sheds some of his cynicism with a desire to understand the common black man.
Richard and his family are still plagued by hunger. With the depression in full swing, hunger plagues the entire community as well. But for Richard, the hunger again manifests itself in a hunger for knowledge, not just food. In the medical institute, Richard longs for the education that he sees other white young men receiving. But his questions are ignored with the doctor even scaring him off learning by telling him that his "brains might explode" should he "know too much." Even in Chicago, he is still being denied access to education.
Richard also begins to sense that he is not alone in his loneliness and poverty. At the relief station, he begins to see that there is an entire society that has been rejected by society itself like him. There is strength in numbers, Richard begins to realize. This he realizes when the black workers are trying to fix the mess they have made in the medical institute; Richard realizes that within the black community among his fellow workers there existed a separate moral code.
One Thursday night, Richard is invited to join a group of white boys whom he had met at the post office to talk about politics, argue, eat and drink. Many of the boys have joined the Communist Party. Then one named Sol announces that one of his short stories is going to be published in a Communist journal. Sol, a member of the John Reed Club a Communist literary organization tries to convince Richard to attend one of their meetings. Richard is doubtful whether the Communist Party has any sincere interest in
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azlar buna beyaz Güneylilerle kabaca aynı oranda inanıyorlardı, daha da ilginç olan, siyah katılımcıların yüzde 39'unun, çoğu muhtemelen kölelerin soyundan gelenlerin de inandığı gerçeğiydi.
Savaşların, nedenleri bir cümleyle asla yeterince özetlenemeyecek karmaşık olaylar olduğunu, bir şey olarak başlayıp başka bir şeye dönüşebileceklerini ve insanların uğruna savaştıklarını düşündükleri şeyin her zaman neden olmadığını belirtmek için burada duruyoruz. tarih yazacak. Yine de Lincoln'ün ikinci açılış konuşmasında belirttiği gibi, Güney'in kabaca dört milyon kölesi tarafından temsil edilen milyarlarca dolarlık mülkün bir şekilde her şeyin kökeninde olduğuna dair hiçbir şüphe yoktu ve bu noktada şu konuda hemfikir olmayan bilim adamları diğer birçok şey uzun zamandır ortak bir zemin bulmuştur. Virginia Üniversitesi'nden tarihçi Edward Ayers, "On yıllardır hiçbir saygın tarihçi, İç Savaşın tarifeler için yapıldığını, kölelik karşıtlarının yalnızca ikiyüzlü olduğunu veya ayrılıkçıları yalnızca anayasal kaygıların harekete geçirdiğini iddia etmedi" diye yazıyor. Yine de, bu köklü bilimsel fikir birliği ile, köleliği en iyi ihtimalle tesadüfi bir statüye indirgeyen bir teoriye inanan milyonlarca eğitimli Amerikalı'nın görüşleri arasında büyük bir uçurum var. Bu nasıl oldu?
Bunun bir nedeni basit kolaylığa indirgeniyor - yani beyaz insanlar için. Yale tarihçisi David Blight, 2002 tarihli "Race and Reunion" adlı kitabında, 1880'lerde başlayan ve I. yatırımcıların para kazanma arzusu ve her yerdeki beyazların “Zenci sorununu” bir kenara itme arzusu. Bu süreçte, ekonomik ortaklıkları ve İç Savaş gazilerinin duygusal birleşmelerini kolaylaştırmak için savaşın gerçek nedenleri halının altına süpürüldü.
Ancak aynı derecede önemli bir neden de, Güneylilerin tarihi kelimenin tam anlamıyla yeniden yazmak için gösterdikleri güçlü ve sürekli çabalardı - ve en ateşli revizyonistler arasında Konfederasyonun Birleşik Kızları olarak bilinen bir grup saygın beyaz Güneyli kadın vardı.
UDC, kulağa, kadınların kuşaklarını atıp iş piyasasına girdikleri zamanı sessizce unutacak olan, ancak hala ortalıkta - çeşitli eğitim ve tarihi etkinliklere adanmış yaklaşık yirmi bin bayandan oluşan bir grup olan kibar bayanlar organizasyonlarından biri gibi görünüyor. muhafaza nedenleri. 1955'ten beri UDC, benzer türde işler yapan Konfederasyonun Çocukları adlı bir genç yardımcı aracılığıyla yeni nesil üyeleri işe aldı. Araştırmamın bir parçası olarak Fredericksburg, Virginia'daki 2008 C of C kongresini ziyaret etmeyi planladığımı kendisine bir e-postayla söylediğimde Blight şaşırdı. “Onlarca yıl önce böyle bir [yardımcı] organizasyon olduğunu biliyordum ama hala var olduğunu bilmiyordum” diye yanıtladı. "İnanılmaz. Orada duvarda bir sinek olmayı ne çok isterdim.”
UDC'nin önemi, ihmal edilebilir olan günümüzdeki nüfuzunda değil, hem iyi hem de kötü olarak tarihe kalıcı katkılarında yatmaktadır. 1894'teki başlangıcından 1960'lara kadar UDC, Güney'in önde gelen sosyal ve hayırsever örgütüydü; Güney'in yönetici beyaz seçkinlerinin eşlerinin, kız kardeşlerinin ve kızlarının “gri renkli kahramanların anısına saygı göstermek için” bir araya geldikleri özel bir sosyal kulüptü. ve ortak kurucu Caroline Meriwether Goodlett'in görkemli bir şekilde belirttiği gibi, konfederasyon askerini tarihteki en görkemli yapan ilkeye sarsılmaz bağlılığı onurlandırmak için. İlk başta, UDC gazilere ve onların dullarına mali yardım ve barınma sağlayarak, tüm pratik amaçlar için Güney'deki çoğu yerel ve eyalet hükümetinin işlevsiz olduğu ve/veya iflas ettiği bir zamanda hayati bir kamu hizmeti sundu. Daha sonra, kıdemli nüfus yaşlandıkça, UDC, yoksul gazilerin ve onların dullarının günlerini bir miktar haysiyetle yaşamalarına izin veren evler inşa etti. Ulusal Park Servisi gibi bir şey var olmadan çok önce, UDC, Güney'deki paha biçilmez tarihi yerleri, savaş mezarlıklarını ve savaş alanlarını korumada çok önemli bir rol oynadı. Aynı zamanda, bir dizi anıt inşa etmeye başladı: Güneydeki küçük kasabalardaki yüzlerce adliye meydanında hala bulabileceğiniz bu konfederasyon anıtlarının çoğu, 1900'lerin başlarında yerel UDC şubesi tarafından oraya yerleştirildi. UDC kendi tarzında bir Güneyli kadın neslini siyasi sürece katılmaları için yetiştirdi: başkanlar ulusal toplantılarına katıldı ve sesi ABD Capitol koridorlarında duyuldu.
Ancak UDC'nin en önemli ve kalıcı katkısı, savaştan kısa bir süre sonra Birleşik Konfederasyon Gazileri (daha sonra Konfederasyon Gazilerinin Oğulları haline gelen - aynı zamanda hala civarında ve otuz bin üye güçlü). Bu çabadaki temel inanç maddesi, Güney'in köleliği korumak için savaşmadığı ve bu yanlış suçlamanın Güney'in cesur liderlerinin itibarını lekeleme çabası olduğuydu. Yirminci yüzyılın ilk yıllarında, bu bakış açısının ana sözcüsü, Güney'i konuşarak, organize ederek, organize ederek ve konuşarak, Mildred Lewis Rutherford (ya da UDC üyeleri tarafından bilindiği üzere Bayan Milly) adlı okul müdürü, Atina, Georgia, müthiş bir Atina, Georgia idi. Blight, makale yarışmaları ve gazilerden savaşın sözlü tarihlerini talep ederek, kaybedilen davanın “20. yüzyılın herhangi bir diktatörlüğünde propaganda bakanlığına rakip olacak siyasi bir coşkuyla” haklı çıkarılmasını talep ettiğini yazıyor.
Bayan Milly'nin yakıcı tutkusu, Güneyli gençlerin savaşın neyle ilgili olduğuna ve neden olduğuna dair "doğru" versiyonu öğrenmelerini sağlamaktı - Güney karşıtı ders kitabı yazarları tarafından işlenen "yalanları" ve "çarpıtmaları" dışlamak için dikkatle incelenmiş bir versiyon. Bu amaçla, 1920'de "Tarihin Gerçekleri" başlıklı bir kitap yazdı - özenle seçilmiş gerçeklerin, dostane görüşlerin ve bağlamdan çıkarılmış alıntıların bir özeti, tarih kitaplarının çoğu zaman göz ardı etmeyi uygun bulduğu bilgi parçacıkları serpiştirildi. Diğer şeylerin yanı sıra, "Tarihin Gerçekleri", Abraham Lincoln'ün vasat bir zeka olduğunu, Güney'in köleliği Batılı devletlere yayma konusundaki ilgisinin, özgür bırakmayı planladığı köleler için toprak edinme konusundaki hayırsever arzusu olduğunu ve Ku Klux Klan'ın tek amacı kamu düzenini korumak olan barışçıl bir gruptu. Rutherford'un kölelik konusundaki "yetkililerinden" biri, 1850'lerde Güney eyaletlerini gezmek için Richmond'u ziyaret eden ve kendisine eşlik eden kölelerin canlı bir tanımını eve gönderen İngiliz yazar William Makepeace Thackeray'dı: "Çok özgür, çok mutlu! Onları Pazar günü en iyi Pazar kıyafetleriyle gördüm - işçi sınıfının İngiliz kiracılarının tatil kıyafetleri içinde olduğundan çok daha iyi giyinmişler.”
Ancak tarihin “doğru” versiyonunu sunmak savaşın sadece yarısıydı, diğer yarısı ise “yanlış” versiyonların Güney okullarına sızmasını engellemekti. İç Savaş'tan önce eğitim kesinlikle özel ve/veya yerel bir meseleydi. İç Savaş'tan sonra, federal bir ilgi konusu haline geldi. Eğitime adanmış ilk federal kurum, 1867'de Başkan Ulysses S. Grant tarafından yetkilendirildi ve Kongre, 1870'lerde ulusal bir eğitim sistemi kurmayı amaçlayan birkaç yasa çıkardı. Beyaz Güneyliler tüm bunlara, yabancıların, özellikle Güneyli öğrenciler için ders kitapları yazarak, cesur savaşçı adamlarının itibarını karalamalarını önlemek için yenilenmiş bir kararlılıkla tepki gösterdi. Savaş sonrası yazarlardan biri, Konfederasyonun eski başkan yardımcısı Alexander Stephens'dan başkası değildi; savaşı tasviri, bugün birçok Güneyli ve siyasi muhafazakardan duyduğunuz versiyona dikkat çekici bir şekilde benziyor: Güney'in asil ama mahkum bir çabasıydı. federal müdahaleye karşı özyönetimi korumak için ve kölelikle çok az ilgisi vardı. (Bu, 1861'de köleliğin Güney toplumunun "temel taşı" ve "geç kopuş ve şimdiki devrimin doğrudan nedeni" olduğunu ilan eden Alexander Stephens'ın aynısıydı.)
UDC siyasi nüfuz kazandıkça, üyeleri Teksas, Mississippi, Kuzey ve Güney Carolina ve Florida'daki yasama meclislerinde Güney'i kahramanca ifadelerden daha az herhangi bir şekilde tasvir eden veya kaybedilen davanın temel ilkeleriyle çelişen ders kitaplarının satın alınmasını yasaklamak için lobi yaptı. iddialar. Erişimi sadece devlet okullarına değil, aynı zamanda kadrolu akademiye de uzanıyordu - propaganda çabasının az bilinen bir bölümü James Cobb tarafından 2005'te yayınlanan "Away Down South: A History of Southern Identity" adlı kitabında detaylandırıldı. Cobb, örneğin 1911'de Florida Üniversitesi'nden tarih profesörü Enoch Banks'in New York Independent için köleliğin ayrılmanın nedeni olduğunu öne süren bir makale yazdığını anlatıyor. Belki de Banks bunun geleceğini görmeliydi: Virginia'daki Randolph-Macon Koleji'nde tarih profesörü olan William E. Dodd, yedi yıl önce, yalnızca konfederasyonun yüksek fikirli dev
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س ماده "peahen" نامیده می شود. طاووس ماده در هنگام انتخاب همسر به قد، تیپ و رنگبندی پرهای طاووس نر توجه می نماید.
52- رتیل هنگام پوست اندازی می تواند غشاء و فرآیندهای غشایی معده، اندام تناسلی زن، حتی اگر قبلا اعضای بدن خود را از دست داده بود، می تواند عضو جدید را جایگزین اندام از دست رفته خود نماید.
53- رتیل ها، ترشح آنزیم های گوارشی بر روی شکار خود، آنرا تبدیل به مایع کرده و به این شکل انها را می نوشند.
54- پس از جفت گیری، رتیل نر تا جایی که ممکن است از رتیل ماده فرار میکند زیرا اگر او را به چنگ بیاورد خواهد خورد.
55- فیل ها می توانند بوی آب را از هزاران مایل دورتر حس کنند.
56- کوسه نهنگ 12 متری بزرگترین ماهی دریا است. با وجود این با پلانکتون های میکروسکوپی تغذیه می کند.
منبع : onedio 这篇文章将会介绍如何在 什么是应用网关, 以及应用网关的作用.
1. 应用网关是什么？
在百度百科中, 网关的定义是这样子的: 网关(Gateway)就是一个网络连接到另一个网络的"关口". 类似的, 应用网关是是 Rainbond 中的一个组件(rbd-gateway), 它是
外部流量流入内部应用的"关口". 也可以说是南北向流量中, 北向流量流向南向流量的一个"关口".
2. 应用网关的作用
在介绍应用网关的作用前, 首先需要提一下 Ingress. Kubernetes 官方对 Ingress 的介绍是: 在Kubernetes v1.1 中添加的 Ingress, 暴露了从集群外部到集群内服务的 HTTP 和 HTTPs 路由. 流量路由 Ingress 定义的策略控制.
注意, Ingress 只是定义了从集群外部到集群内服务的路由策略, 并没有实现这些策略.
应用网关的作用就是实现 Ingress 中定义的各种策略. 除了 HTTP 和 HTTPs 路由外, 应用网关还提供了其他丰富的功能. 目前支持的功能有:
- HTTP 和 HTTPs 策略
- TCP/UDP 策略
- 泛域名策略
- 多种负载均衡算法
- 高级路由: 根据访问路径, 请求头, Cookie, 权重的访问控制
2.1 HTTP 和 HTTPs 策略
在 HTTP 和 HTTPs 策略中, 除了配置单独的 HTPP, HTTPs外, 还可以配置 HTTP 强转 HTTPs的策略. 另外, 还可以配置 HTTP 和 HTTPs 共存.
2.2 TCP/UDP 策略
在配置 TCP/UDP 策略的时候, 目前只支持端口的自定义, 当然, IP 的自定义以后版本中也会支持.
2.3 泛域名策略
泛域名在实际使用中作用是非常广泛的, 为此, 应用网关也对泛域名进行了支持. 泛域名有不少的作用:
- 可以让域名支持无限的子域名(这也是泛域名解析最大的用途)
- 防止用户错误输入导致的应用不能访问的问题
- 可以让直接输入网址的用户输入简洁的网址即可访问应用
- 在域名前添加任何子域名，均会被解析到同一个 IP
2.3 负载均衡
为了保证应用的高可用, 以及提高应用的性能, 我们一般会为应用部署多个实例. 这时候, 就必须要考虑负载均衡了. 应用网关目前默认的负载均衡算法是
轮询, 也是目前支持的唯一一种负载均衡算法 . 当然, 在下个版本中将会支持更多的负载均衡算法.
轮询(Round Robin): 为第一个请求选择列表中的第一个服务器, 然后按顺序向下移动列表直到结尾, 然后循环.
2.4 高级路由(A/B 测试, 灰度发布)
只有 HTTP 或 HTTPs 策略才支持高级路由, TCP/UDP 策略不支持高级路由. 在应用网关中的高级路由是指, 通过设置策略中的
path,
cookie,
header 和
权重, 让同一个域名可以访问不同的应用.
高级路由主要是为
A/B 测试(A/B testing) 和
灰度发布(金丝雀部署, canary deployments) 服务.
2.4.1 A/B 测试
A/B 测试的本质是一个实验, 它将应用的两个或多个版本(变体)随机地显示给用户, 通过统计分析确认能够在给定指标中胜出的版本(变体).
我们可以在应用网关中, 为各个版本的应用配置
域名相同, 但是cookie, header 或 权重不同的策略, 让用户通过同一个域名访问不同版本的应用. 然后对数据进行统计分析, 找出在给定指标下的胜者, 从而实现 A/B 测试.
2.4.2 灰度发布
灰度发布是将版本部署到服务器子集的模式. 首先将版本部署到一小部分服务器，对其进行测试，然后将版本扩散到其余服务器灰度发布可作为预警指示，对停机时间影响较小：如果灰度发布失败了，其余服务器不会受到影响.
为了实现灰度发布所要的效果, 我们只需为灰度发布的服务器分配较小的
权重, 然后再慢慢地扩散, 增加权重.
3. 后续更新计划
- 支持更多的负载均衡算法(一致性哈希, 粘性会话)
- IP 池, 可以自定义IP How to spot and treat Woodworm.
The word ‘Woodworm’ is a generic term often used to describe a number of wood boring insects and timber infestation. Most types of Woodworm live up to five years and spend their entire lifecycle eating into wood. Left untreated, Woodworm can seriously effect the structure of any property.
Diagnosing and treating Woodworm
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Common types of woodworm in the UK are:
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The Deathwatch Beetle – attacks large hardwood timbers such as Elm and Oak. This beetle much prefers very damp conditions and even better when there is some kind of fungal decay or “wet rot” in the timbers. Flight holes are round and about 4mm. Treatment, as with the others, can be done in the form of a paste, spray on application or paint on preservative.
Wood Boring Weevil – directly associated with wet rot timber decay. Flight holes are very small at 1mm & often ragged. The frass (dust) from the borehole consists of lemon shaped-gritty pellets. Sawed ends of manufactured timber are an example of a typical oviposition site.
The Furniture Beetle & Wharf Borer – Furniture Beetles are responsible for 75% of woodworm property damage in the UK. Their flight holes are about 2mm.
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» Mathematics » Calculus AB » Limits: Multiple Choice Practice
II. Limits and Continuity: Lecture 7 | 6:16 min
In this lesson, Professor John Zhu gives an introduction to limits. This whole lecture is just mulitple-choice practice problems to help you solve for limits.
Post by Jung Cho on March 24, 2014
I know that the cosine of pi/4 is sqrt2/2, but does the coefficient of 7 have any effect on the answer?
Post by John Michael Musaazi on February 1, 2014
how do you get the 16 and the 8h on example practice 2
Post by John Zhu on August 12, 2013
Thanks Steve and Kyle, there is NO typo. The correct answer is indeed 5/sqrt(2).
Post by Steve Denton on October 5, 2012
No typo error on #1. 5sqrt(2)/2 = 5/sqrt(2) as is on D choice.I agree with Kyle here.
Lecture Slides are screen-captured images of important points in the lecture. Students can download and print out these lecture slide images to do practice problems as well as take notes while watching the lecture.
Download All Slides "实际全损"的对称。保险标的受损后并未完全丧失，是可以修复或可以收回的，但所花的费用将超过获救后保险标的的价值，因此得不偿失。在此情况下，保险公司放弃努力，给予被保险人以保险金额的全部赔偿即为推定全损。 This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Jarlig (Mongolian: зарлиг, zarlig; Russian: ярлык, jarlyk, also transliterated yarlyk, or even more correctly yarlıq, and the Tatar: yarlığ) is a term used in the Russian historiography for khan "formal diplomas" or decrees of the Mongol Empire (particularly the khans of Golden Horde). It was one of three types of non-fundamental law pronouncements that had the effect of a regulation or ordinance, the other two being debter (a record of precedence cases for administration and judicial decisions) and billing (maxims or sayings attributed to Genghis Khan). The jarliq provide important information about the running of the Mongol Empire.
From the mid-13th to mid-15th centuries, all princes of Northeastern Rus received jarliq authorizing their rule. The issuing of jarlyk on governing of Rus finalized the establishment of the title of Grand Duke of Vladimir (Grand Prince) and transfer of power from Kiev to Vladimir. Initially, those jarliq came from the qaghan in Karakorum, but after Batu established his khanate, they came from Sarai. None of these jarliq, however, is extant. In the mid-fifteenth century, Basil II began forbidding other Rus princes from receiving the jarliq from Mongol khans, thus establishing the right of the Moscow grand prince to authorize local princely rule.
Kublai Khan began the practice of having the four great aristocrats in his kheshig sign all jarliqs (decree), a practice that spread to all other Mongol khanates in 1280.
Ghazan reformed the issuance of jarliqs (edicts), creating set forms and graded seals, ordering that all jarliqs be kept on
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The fight got physical, and both boys were suspended from school while the administration conducted an investigation. That evening, the argument between Thomas, the other boy and his friends shifted to Facebook. The dispute began with direct messages, but shifted over to Thomas’s main wall. The younger boy and his friends teamed up, posting a barrage of insults and physical threats towards Thomas. At some point, the taunts grew too much for Thomas to bear. He went back into the family shed and hung himself by a telephone cord. This alarming incident illustrates the profoundly damaging effect that the “pile on” strategy of cyberbullying common on Facebook can have on an emotionally wounded teenager.
As more and more teens have made Instagram their social network of choice, it has become the most common platform for youths to experience cyberbullying. The image-oriented nature of Instagram makes the network rife with opportunity for bullies to make cruel and hateful comments about the appearance of others.
In addition to posting cruel comments, bullies will also post unflattering or doctored pictures of others on their own account, inviting their followers to mock the victim. These posts can often snowball, getting spread around to an audience much wider than originally intended.
The Instagram user @stlukeidiots repeatedly targeted young girls from sixth graders from a Catholic middle school in New York. The victims suffered severe emotional distress and even thoughts of suicide. Law enforcement were called in to investigate the incidents but could not identify the culprit.
In an alarming example of the potential dangers vulnerable pre-teens face on Instagram, an anonymous user, @StLukeIdiots, went on a cyberbullying spree one weekend in May 2014. The user assaulted the Instagram accounts of 11 middle school girls enrolled at St. Luke School in Queens,NY posting mean spirited and hurtful comments under their pictures. @StLukeIdiots drew more than 130 follows before the account was deactivated. The victims were devastated, with some professing the desire to die. Police investigated the situation but the culprit was never identified. This incident strongly illustrates that preteens do not belong on Instagram, where they are vulnerable to the attacks of predators and trolls.
Because snapchat messages, or “snaps”, are automatically deleted soon after being viewed (although there is also the option to create “stories” which exist for up to 24 hours after creation), senders are often not as careful with the content of their messages as they would be with other platforms.
However, despite the fact that snaps quickly “self-destruct”, recipients of the messages are able to take screenshots of the messages and save them to their phone. This can lead to the dispersal of private, intimate content that the sender did not intend to be distributed, leading to embarrassing and upsetting situations.
Snaps are also a means of sending hurtful messages directly to another child, with the knowledge that it will most likely be deleted, leaving no evidence of abuse. Exclusion, where one friend is left out of a “Story” or a certain member of a social group is not sent a snap that others received, is also common on Snapchat.
In a horrifying incident caught on Snapchat, a teen in Ridgewood, NJ was brutally beaten by an assailant after coming to the defense of a girl–herself a cyberbullying victim–, fractured his skull in the incident. The bully then posted a photo of the bloodied boy lying on the ground to his Snapchat account. The victim’s aunt claims that the girl he defended was actively being harassed by a large group of students online after her pictures were shared around on social media networks. In the aftermath of the attack, the boy was then ridiculed on social media for coming to her defense. This incident demonstrates the role cyberbullying can play in tandem with face-to-face bullying and how it can exacerbate and magnify a terrible situation.
YouTube is another site where cyberbullying occurs in a alarming frequency. Due to the fact that YouTube users are often anonymous, they can post cruel, hateful comments on the videos of others without fear of reprisal. The “pile-on” situation that occurs on Facebook also happens on YouTube, with the difference being that users do not have to be friends with the poster to comment on the video, opening the door for for trolls and cyberbullies everywhere to engage in the taunting.
For years, Twitter has held reputation as a haven for trolling and cyberbullying, with many high profile cases making the news, such as when the daughter of beloved comedian Robin Williams was driven off the site following a torrent of abuse and mean-spirited taunts in the wake of her father’s death by suicide.
Cyberbullies on Twitter hide behind anonymous accounts, as on Youtube, freeing them from practicing the restraint they otherwise would if their identity were public. Attacking others for their lifestyles, ethnicities and political beliefs is commonplace. Cyberbullying on Twitter is not just a problem between students and their peers, but a global issue.
Attacks on a person’s political views on Twitter
Texting and other forms
Cyberbullying can also happen through text and personal messages. Though the damaging comments may not be posted for others to see, the harassment can be equally damaging for teens.
Tips for parents on cyberbullying management and prevention
How to tell if your child or loved one is a cyberbullying victim
There’s a chance your child, friend or loved one is the victim of cyberbullying but too embarrassed to admit it. Here are some signs:
Comforting your child after an incident of cyberbullying
If the damage done by cyberbullying is severe, and the victim feels ostracized from their peers or afraid to go to school, he or she may benefit from professional counseling. Professional counselors, at school and otherwise, are trained to deal with cyberbullying and use specific techniques to manage the situation and help victims overcome their pain and self-esteem issues.
Tips on preventing cyberbullying from happening to your child
Cyberbullying laws and in school policy
Reporting cyberbullying to schools
Often a child will not be able to deal with an instance of cyberbullying alone, and the situation may require intervention by the school in order to put a stop to the behavior.
You may believe that confronting the parents of the bully is a good solution, but they might react unpredictably, denying the charge, or becoming aggressive. Research finds that the bullies are often physically and verbally abused by their parents, and they may not be the best individuals to confront about a cyberbullying situation.
Approaching the school in order to deal with an incident of cyberbullying is the best choice. Even before going to the police, this is the best course of action, as the school will have the contacts of every student, as well as a law enforcement liaison on campus at all times who will best know how to proceed with the situation. If bringing in the cops is necessary, then they will likely do so.
Schools are mandated by state law in every state, to have an official anti-bullying policy, with Montana being the last to do so in 2015. Many states have laws that require schools to deal with off-campus behavior as well. Even if cyberbullying incidents take place off school grounds and after the last bell, they may still be forced to take action. Schools are required to keep classrooms a safe place conducive to learning, and off-campus cyberbullying can negatively impact this environment.
Laws against cyberbullying
As yet, there are no federal laws against cyberbullying, however most states have stepped up and passed their own laws against the behavior. State laws against bullying and cyberbullying vary from state to state. An overwhelming majority of states include criminal sanctions for cyberbullying.
The punishments for cyberbullying vary: in California, using an “electronic communication device” to cause someone to fear for their life is a misdemeanor offense punishable by a fine of up to $1000 or a year in jail. While in states such as Missouri, a cyberbullying offender may face a misdemeanor harassment charge.
Educate yourself on your own state’s cyberbullying laws in order to be better prepared and aware of your options if and when a situation arises.
Generally, severe bullying is classified as a Class 1 misdemeanor, but in some states, as in the case of South Dakota in 2009, legislators failed to pass a comprehensive law against bullying. In states where this is the case, cases against bullies can be filed under existing harassment laws.
In an unprecedented case, Michelle Carter, a 17-year-old from Massachusetts, was sentenced with involuntary manslaughter for sending texts encouraging her boyfriend, Conrad Roy III, to commit suicide. Roy, suffered from depression, and Carter repeatedly encouraged him to follow through with his threats to kill himself. In his final successful attempt, Roy filled his truck with carbon monoxide. He told Carter he was scared, and she encouraged him to “get back in”, which he did, and died of inhaling the fumes. The case may prompt Massachusetts to pass a new law which makes encouraging suicide a criminal act.
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- Stomp out Bullying – The leading non-profit organization dedicated to ending bullying for students everywhere.
- Stopbullying.gov – Government sponsored site dedicated to spreading anti-bullying awareness and prevention tips, with resources and directories for mental health centers.
Mental health resources
- Mentalhealth.gov – The federal government’s site of resources for those battling mental illness.
- Get Help Now – A guide on how to act in a variety of bullying and cyberbullying situations.
- Wellness Everyday: Cyberbullying – Excellent mental health resource on cyberbullying created by the Ventura County Mental Health Department
Law and policy resources
- Find Law – Cyberbullying Laws – Guide to laws against cyberbullying around the country
The following are links to each social network’s page where you can report cyberbullying on the site:
- Abuse and Spam on Instagram
- Report abuse on Snapchat
- Report abuse on Twitter
- Report bullying on Facebook
- Youtube’s harassment and cyberbullying policy
Home Safety Resources
If you are concerned about cyber bullying becoming physical, please check out our various security resources and round ups: Located 8 km south of Bhubaneswar
, Dhauli is the site of a set of rock edicts left by the Indian emperor Ashoka
in 260 B C. He was the Mauryan
emperor who renounced his blood thirsty campaign of war and destruction and started following Buddha
ís teachings and austere ways of leading life.
Carvings of the head and forelegs of an elephant emerging from the rock, marks the oldest rock-cut sculpture in India (3rd century B C). It is believed to be the spot where Ashoka underwent a change of heart and total transformation. Rock edicts at the bottom hill (260 B C) urge his administrators to rule the land with justice and compassion. Even after 2000 years the inscriptions on these rocks are remarkably clear. Another attraction worth mentioning is the Shanti Stupa or the peace pagoda, an Indo-Japanese collaboration located on the opposite hill.
There are regular bus services connecting Dhauli with Bhubaneswar. 快插接头，两端带有关闭装置，按照“推拉”原理工作，也可实现球体锁止。锁定套筒通过预张紧弹簧固定在锁定位置，并且可在两个方向上轴向推动，以实现连接和断开。由于具备这些设计特点，这种联轴器类型适合用作紧急分离式联轴器。当与分离功能结合使用时，只需将插头推入插座即可连接联轴器，并通过拔出插头将其断开。直插接头没有阀门。它们通过锁定套筒致动。此类型对应于快插接头。
Couplings Hydraulic Applications درساژ چیست؟
درساژ (dressage) یا خَرامِش رشتهای در ورزش سوارکاری است که در آن، سوار اسب خود را به اجرای مجموعهحرکات دقیق و هماهنگ، همراه با ترتیب و زمانبندی مشخصی وامیدارد تا میزان هماهنگی خود با اسب و آزمودگی حیوان را نشان دهد.
در درساژ، اسب باید بتواند حرکات مختلفی را به دستور سوارکار انجام دهد. این حرکات شامل حرکات پایه مانند حرکت به جلو، عقب، چرخیدن و ایستادن، و همچنین حرکات پیشرفته مانند حرکات گردن، شانه و لگن می شوند.
سوارکار باید بتواند با استفاده از فرمان های خود، اسب را به انجام این حرکات به طور دقیق و هماهنگ وادار کند. این کار به مهارت، هماهنگی و دانش بالایی نیاز دارد.
درساژ یک ورزش هنری نیز محسوب می شود. سوارکاران باید بتوانند حرکات را به زیبایی و با ظرافت اجرا کنند.
درساژ یک ورزش المپیکی است. این رشته در مسابقات المپیک در دو بخش فردی و تیمی برگزار می شود.
در مسابقات درساژ، هر سوارکار یا تیم یک برنامه را اجرا می کند. این برنامه شامل حرکات مختلف از جمله حرکات پایه و حرکات پیشرفته است.
امتیازدهی در مسابقات درساژ بر اساس عوامل مختلفی از جمله دقت و هماهنگی در اجرای حرکات، ظرافت و زیبایی اجرا، و ارتباط سوارکار و اسب انجام می شود.
در اینجا برخی از ویژگی های متمایز درساژ
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有明天，如若转载，请注明出处：http://bitejie.net/news/14729.html Genomics Research - Porcine
Application of Genomics to Improve Swine Health and Welfare
With the mapping of the pig genome, scientists now have an opportunity to apply genomic-based tools to the pork industry.
Similar tools have already revolutionized the dairy industry, providing annual benefits of over $180 million to Canada. With funding from Genome Canada (and others), researchers are applying genomics to help reduce the impact of two of the most common diseases in commercial pig production - Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD) and Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS). PCVAD and PRRS together, cost the Canadian pig industry $100 million in losses every year.
Scientists are studying mechanisms in pigs that make them genetically less susceptible to these diseases, providing important new diagnostic tools for breeders and expanding our understanding of disease control mechanisms. This work will lead to new strategies for disease control in addition to new drugs, improved vaccines, and a safer food chain by reducing the use of antibiotics.
Researchers are also studying public perceptions about the use of genomic technologies to prevent disease in pork production.
The project is a partnership between Livestock Gentec (a Canada-wide genomics initiative based at the University of Alberta), the Canadian industry led by PigGen Canada (a consortium of nine pig breeding organizations that represent 95 percent of pig genetics in Canada) and influential geneticists, immunologists, research and industry veterinarians as well as international research partners.
For more information about this project, please visit http://www.swineimprovement.com/ 荷兰的学位类型
在荷兰注册高等教育课程的学生，在本科阶段完成后将获得学士学位，而在研究生阶段完成后将获得硕士学位。
与研究型大学和应用科学型大学同时授予这两种学位的情况相反，国际教育学院提供的是硕士课程，但没有学士课程。
荷兰学士学位
荷兰硕士学位
荷兰博士学位
获得博士学位是一项动手工作，几乎不需要课程工作，因此荷兰的博士学位学生从第一天开始进行研究。通过与导师合作，学生可以在进行研究的同时发展自己的想法和优先事项。研究学校和研究生院提供了令人鼓舞的研究环境，提供量身定制的学习课程，大师班，会议和研讨会。
了解有关荷兰教育的更多信息：
关于纳菲
Nuffic是荷兰国际高等教育合作组织。 Nuffic通过将国际学生与荷兰大学联系起来，使人们团结在一起。 Nuffic的座右铭是“在全球范围内链接知识”。通过使荷兰大学能够通过出国留学教育与国际学生分享他们的知识，Nuffic不仅可以在全球范围内链接知识，而且可以连接来自许多不同国家的人们。
资料来源：
- http://www.studyinholland.nl/ Waves of colder air cause a sharp drop in temperature, especially from mid-month onwards, when maxima can be as low as 8-10°C: the last of the autumn migrants are joined by huge numbers of wintering waterbirds.
Numbers of Baikal Teal continue to build, along with geese (many of which move on into China). Swan Geese peak at the Han-Imjin (with 1000-1500 in recent autumns). Common Buzzards and Cinereous Vultures start to arrive for the winter, along with gulls (Saunders's, Siberian, Vega, Mongolian and Slaty-backed are all widespread), Red-crowned, White-naped and Hooded Cranes, and passerines, including Siberian Accentor. Movements of divers and alcids, most especially Ancient Murrelet, can be impressive. Passerines include many late summer visitors until the second week of the month, when winter species, such as Chinese Penduline Tit and Pallas's Reed Bunting start to predominate.
Outstanding national rarities in November have included Black-headed and Ortolan Bunting and Savannah Sparrow on Gageo Island in 2000 and 2001, Demoiselle (2001) and Siberian White Crane in the Nakdong and the Han-Imjin/DMZ (2001) respectively, Korea's first White-capped Water Redstart and Water Pipit in 2003, the country's third and fourth Verditer Flycatchers in 2004, and a Ural Owl photographed at Odaeson National Park in 2005.
(The following records are a compilation of our own sightings and records sent in by other observers. As well as being posted on the Birds Korea website(s), selected records are also forwarded to other Korean-language birding websites; records of threatened species are arranged and forwarded to Birdlife International and national authorities when appropriate; flag images and records are passed to bodies responsible for their coordination throughout the flyway; and all records sent to us are used to compile annual reports and to support the evolving understanding of the status of many of Korea’s birds.)
Aleksey Antonov of Khingansky Nature Reserve has reported that a moulting Swan Goose with the korean metal band 140-00383 was shot in Ulbansky Bay, Sea of Okhotsk (53 deg 33 min N, 137 deg 25 min E) on August, 3 2003. Any info on where the Goose was banded and by whom would be appreciated. Please mail Aleksey (at) hinganamur.ru (and please copy to us).
Jeju Island, November 22-23, Black-faced Spoonbill Symposium
Interesting news from Hong-Kong based Paul Leader of what would appear to be Korea's first Water Pipit, seen by Paul whilst attending the Black-faced Spoonbill Symposium on Jeju Island. We've mailed Paul for more details and the exact date of this excellent record.
Paul also recorded 18 Black-faced Spoonbill, "loads" of Buff-bellied Pipit, and 1 Baikal Teal. He also reported that local Jeju birders recorded a Black Vulture (unusual so far south) and yet another Long-tailed Shrike over the same weekend.
Upo Ramsar site, November 27
In very cloudy and rainy conditions, 900+ Taiga Bean Geese, 600+ Baikal Teal, 1500+ Ducks, 1 Merlin (adult male), 4 Black-winged Stilt still ( but no White Spoonbills seen).
Danyang, November 23
Near Danyang on Sunday, eight Mandarin Ducks: one male in a pond and four males and three females in a slough through a flooded willow copse a little farther west along the Namhan River just west of town.
Also found two Long-billed Plover in Danyang on 22nd.
SongDo Mudflats, November 23
Sunny, clear, cold, 5 deg. c.
Common Shelduck 13, Dunlin 55, "Bean" Goose 70, Saunders Gull 9, Relict Gull 3, Siberian Gull 1, Black-headed Gull 200, Great Egret 2, Little Egret 6, Spot-billed Duck 15.
(Common Greenshanks have vanished, Great Cormorants much dispersed from previously- only 2. Duck numbers were similarly down at the lagoon. I was relieved to see they have halted their building work there).
PM. Hangang at Eunbong: Plentiful Shoveller, Pochard, Common Teal,Spot-billed Duck & Pintail. Lesser numbers of Tufted Duck, Gadwall, Goosander and Mallard...
Also 1 Merlin hawking the parrotbills....
Man-gyeong, Dong-jin, Okku salt pans and adjacent flats, November 23
At the Man-gyeong numerous Eurasian Spoonbills were seen. This was true for the Dong-jin as well, where 20 were seen. Eurasian Curlews were in good numbers too - roughly 80 in one group. Also 2 White-tailed Sea Eagles (a male and a female juvenile (judging by its larger size)): while they sparred a Peregrine flew into the scene and got involved, exciting stuff!
Joonam and the Nakdong, November 23
Few species of note observed during a "training day" for potential Upo Ramsar site guides, best being 7 White-naped Crane at Joonam.
Gocheonnam Lake, November 20 - 22
Photo © NM
Daily changes in numbers of Baikal Teal (with 250,000 on the 20th, 120,000 on 21st and ca 240,000 on the 22nd) were likely in response to disturbance caused by sightseers. Other birds of note included the Long-tailed Shrike (at least until the 20th), the same or another Black Stork (a rather shabby-looking juvenile-immature resting in wet rice-fields photographed through reeds on the 21st), the Chinese Grey Shrike (mixing spells of hovering with swift chases after the numerous Lapland Bunting and Japanese and Northern Skylarks), and 2 Greater Spotted Eagle - with an adult-type on the 21st and a juvenile-type on the 22nd.
Seosan, November 16 - 20
Up to 8 Oriental White Stork at Seosan, as well as 3 Black Stork, from November 16th to 20th. Go to the News section of Hyun tae's website, Pintail's Home, for more images.
Photo ©KIM Hyun-tae
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 18 - 19
At the very least 350,000 Baikal Teal on 18th, with possibly rather fewer on 19th ("only" 300,000 plus). Interestingly, one individual seen was leucistic, with a pale fawn coloration, and whiter-looking primaries.
Also 1 near adult Upland Buzzard and 2 Hooded Crane on 18th, along with 2 Pallas's Rosefinch overhead at dawn, and 1 Eastern Imperial Eagle on 19th. Although both the Long-tailed and Chinese Grey Shrike were seen well on the 18th, neither were seen in rainy conditions on the 19th.
At Yeongam Lake on 19th, very few birds of note.
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 17
A huge raft of Baikal Teal today contained at least 350,000 individuals, with possibly as many as 400,000 present (i.e. almost the whole world population of this charismatic duck).
Other birds of note included 2 Hooded Crane at dusk, Japanese Quail, the Chinese Grey Shrike still (watched hovering for long periods), and least expected, a Long-tailed Shrike (which with several Bullheaded made three species of shrike in a 500 m stretch of reedbed edge). From descriptions of a large shrike with a pink wash on the underparts given by Barry and MUTA san yesterday, the same bird was likely also present on the 16th. This is about the tenth record for Korea, and possibly only the third record on the mainland.
Seosan, November 16
Incredible images on KIM Hyun tae's website today of an Oriental White Stork at Seosan.
Upo Ramsar site, November 16
4 White-naped Crane (2 adults, 2 juveniles), 1 Tundra Swan, 700+ Taiga Bean Geese, 500+ Baikal Teal.
Geum River, November 16
The Baikal Teal are building in numbers at the Geum River - perhaps 5,000 there.
3 Peregrine Falcon also seen there.
At the mouth of the Man-gyeong River we saw 20 or more Eurasian Spoonbills, large numbers of Eurasian Curlews and the birds of the day turned out to be three Hooded Cranes: two adults and one juvenile, so perhaps a family group. (Mr. Bae believes there has been no record of that species at this site.)
Geocheonnam Lake, Haenam, November 16
Despite very significant disturbance by people coming to view "the migratory birds", at least 200,000 Baikal Teal watched excellently...other birds of note included a pre-roost congregation of 28 Hen and 2 Eastern Marsh Harriers, 2 Merlin, a late Barn Swallow, and most unexpectedly single Chinese Grey Shrike and Black Stork - two species that have attempted wintering in the area in previous years.
Geum River, Gunsan, November 15
Only 7 Baikal Teal near the roosting island at Napo Ri - with the fields and surrounding area looking very disturbed and suporting rather few waterbirds.
Yeongam Lake, Mokpo:
Baikal Teal ca 60,000 in the evening.
Seosan Lake A and B, November 14
Only ca 60,000 - 70,000 Baikal Teal, with 20,000 -30,000 of these watched departing south in the late evening.
On Lake B, probably 500 Baikal Teal present.
Highlights on Lake A included a Lesser White-fronted Goose and at least 46 (and possibly as many as ca 85) Hooded Crane in the evening; in addition an immature Peregrine was watched harrasssing the teal, before heading over the rice-fields where it swooped unsuccessfully - flushing an Amur Leopard Cat!
Seosan Lake A, November 13
Slightly reduced numbers of Baikal Teal, with probably ca 250,000 present. Many (>100,000) watched flying south(east) in the evening.
Seosan Lake A, November 12
At least 270,000 (and possibly as many as ca 330,000) Baikal Teal present, with many calling a peculiar low buzzing "ak-ak-ak".
Seosan, November 6 - 7
The BBC are in South Korea to film the Baikal Teals at Seosan...and unfortunately so far the weather has not been helpful: no aerial ballet and grey, overcast skiesr.
The birding has been good though, and highlights include 1 adult and 1 immature Snow Goose, 1 Swan Goose, ca 60 White Spoonbill (were 81 on 4th), 42 Hooded Crane (on 6th; fewer on 7th), White-tailed Eagle and 3 Oriental White Stork (the last record from Kim Hyun-tae).
Very rough counts of the Baikals give estimates of ca 200,000 on 6th, and perhaps 150,000 on 7th.
Upo Ramsar Site, November 4
No sign of the Oriental White Stork which had been present and well-watched for several days (last seen well on November 3rd). Best therefore were
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تي كه به ته محلی هستید یا نقشه های وصيت داده شده را پشت می کنید. من سرمشق های نفس را باز يافتن Walls Republic نصيحت دادم (افشا: آنها تكه تصویر زمینه چمن را که برای برنامه FOC من مورد نیاز نيستي تهیه می کردند ولي این پست نفع عليه و له روي بالا و هیچ وجه توسط آنها حمایت نمی شد) - مدل هایی که دریافت کردم خیلی بي سابقه و مبصر بزرگ تر بود پاره خمپاره پیتزا مانند. واحد وزن واقعا انتخاب یک جوله کاملا بيگانه غريبه (یکی اندر سبد آنلاین من داخل هوس!) از دم است که خود فکر کردم خويشتن می روم با. یکی که غلبه کردم این است این پودر آبی تصویر زمینه!
آسان بازتاب صادقانه خود هیچ است اگر آزمون زیادی دارید تصویر زمینه را فايده طور سالم بسامان حلق آویز کنید، این احتمالا DIY است که من وشما می توانید اجرا دهید، اما چنانچه تا به اينك تا کنون تصویر زمینه را ندیده اید، خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو توصیه نمی کنم بدو به یادگیری منحنی آش چمن مصنوعی. چرا؟ بزرگترین دلیل این است که بغل خلاف تصویر زمینه معمولی، اگر چهره ی تصویر زمینه را روی جوله چسبیده باشید، دم را لکه كاشانه می کند (با تصویر زمینه ی معمولی، نزاكت مال را فقط آش یک اسفنج نمدار آبداده برطرف می کند) و فايده من توكل کنید، چالش بر این است که دوباره پيدا كردن چسب دم را هر دو زمانی که من واو نورد چسب درون پشت يكدلي دست حرف بي منطق زدن به ثانيه را بر روی دیوار تحكيم داده است. همچنین، از آنجا که کاغذ بسیار ضخیم تر از تصویر زمینه سنتی است، جدايي کاغذ اضافی که تو آن آش سقف است پاكي baseboard یا صندلی راه سلاح بسیار سخت برا است و اشاره ها نیز نازخرامي تكبر برانگیز است.
من یک عذرا بسیار مفید هستم پاكي بسیاری دوباره به دست آوردن پروژه های DIY را بري هیچ مشکلی جهر کرده ام، اما این یک منبع به گوهر من ضربت ديده است. هنگامی که باخبر شدم که خويشتن تنها اندر چند شيد دور دوباره پيدا كردن یک موعد برای یک خانه چالش بودم، فشار صدر لگد زد، چون در سرعت در الان رفتن بود، هیچ موت گاه این خانه نتوانست به زودی ايفا به جريان انداختن شود . من برفراز دنبال باشگاه های تصویر زمینه محلی بودم و دوباره يافتن و گم كردن او پرسیدم آیا می توانم او را استخدام کنم ولو کارم را با من اعمال دهد، فايده من يادگيري داد، همانطور که شما رفتیم. خود خیلی خوش سها بودم - خود فکر می کنم بهترین شیوه تصویر برداری تو این سیاره را پیدا کردم - او در پسين هفته آمد و آزگار ترفندهای کوچکش را برفراز من آموخت، روي من مدال داد که چسان خودشان را ادا دهند و آنوقت مرا راهنمایی کنند، خودت او حتی تمام ابزار خويشتن را بالا من تکمیل کرد ولو من را به تتميم برساند يكدلي برای چند روز پس ازآن به خويشتن کمک کرد تا آخرین دیوار را پهلو پایان برسانم (اگر شما داخل منطقه Fairfield County CT هستید بي آلايشي می خواهم یک چاقوی تصویر زمینه داشته باشم، سرزنده هستم که معلومات خود را منتقل کنم!) آنچه که انتظار داشتم یک روز شغل 1-2 روزه بود (و ار قرار هستي و عدم فقط دوباره يافتن و گم كردن قبل استخدام شده بودم) تبدیل فراز یک داستان حلقوی پنج صوم امساك شدم که آن هنگام از اتمام اتاق، بزرگترین فخر امدادرسان بودم!
برخی دوباره به دست آوردن نکاتی که باید بدانید چاه چیزی را یاد می گیرید چیست؟
بسیاری پيدا كردن نکات برای حنجره آویز تصویر زمینه به طور توسعه يافته به چسبانيدن چمن مصنوعی انجام می شود وليكن این چند راهنمایی ويژه تعلق برای مرغزار مصنوعی است که بالا شما کمک می کند تا اينكه کار را درست اعمال دهید:
راسخ مثل یک کار رنگی، منظم سازی دیوار کلید است. دیوارهای ما باید دوباره به دست آوردن هر روش تقلید یا ناخنهای خالی نكهت اميد (من فکر کردم که چمن مصنوعی ممکن است به ميزان کافی منسوج سلول شود که یک بار آش ناخن محصور نگردد، اما من می توانم کامل نفس را که من دوباره به دست آوردن دست دادم را ببینم). من واو همچنین می خواهید برای پوشش دیوارها شوربا یک طليعه گر - سیلر - تو نظر ستاندن رنگ متعلق را به رنگ پي زمینه ذات را پهلو طوری که خواه هر یک دوباره به دست آوردن درز وجود و غير را کامل نیست، لحظه را کمتر منجلي است.
قبل دوباره يافتن و گم كردن اینکه حتی فاتحه به تحكيم دادن پانل های مرغزار خود کنید، طرح ریزی کنید - باید شالوده پانل های کاغذ دیواری يكدلي همچنین تغییر چرده را در نظر بگیرید. Wallpaperer خويش ضمير نفس ضمير اول شخص مفرد سه كيلو توصیه می کند که کار خويشتن را آش دیوار کانونی خود عنفوان کنید، که اندر مورد دیوار حيات که سرير دختر خود است. در مرکز دقیق دیوار کانونی خود، باید مرکز مرکز بند یا کاغذ دیواری را بین خيز نوار کاغذ دیواری قرار دهید. همانطور که برای رنگارنگي رنگ، من واو خواهید دید که برخی دوباره به دست آوردن تغییر رنگ از رول فايده رول پاكي حتی در در رول بود دارد (برخی دوباره پيدا كردن رول تاریک تر و یا سبک مرطوب به من وايشان به نشاني دورتر بالا آنها). ت
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she presents how some algorithms used in the judicial system have allowed judges to wrongfully convict several citizens.
3. Ethics is a big conundrum
Ethics in artificial intelligence has been long debated. Sadly, we still have no final decision or course of action on this.
A few years ago, five technology giants have joined forces to create an ethics standard for AI. Researchers from Alphabet, Amazon, Facebook, IBM and Microsoft have met to discuss the most tangible issues, such as the impact of AI on employment, transport and even wars. Furthermore, Google employees pledged to not use AI for military applications.
Yet, people are still wandering whether or not AI will be used to power warfare or how we should address the subject of driverless cars.
What is currently being done?
Experts, researchers, governments and other AI enthusiasts are becoming aware of the fact that the future development of machine learning, NLP, deep learning etc, could easily get out of control.
We are already starting to see different groups that want to impose certain regulation on how this technology is used. The main purpose of this is to make sure AI will benefit people, not cause them harm - voluntarily or not.
In 2015, a thousand experts, including physicist Stephen Hawking, the co-founder of Apple, Steve Wozniak, Elon Musk, co-creator of PayPal, linguist Noam Chomsky, and Demis Hassabis, chief executive of Google’s AI company, signed a petition that was drawing attention to the dangers of artificial intelligence and demanded it be regulated.
Furthermore, President Trump’s executive order, “Maintaining American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence,” calls for a coordinated approach to regulation of AI. The strategy is based on five principles:
· Driving technological breakthroughs
· Developing appropriate technical standards
· Training a workforce for the future
· Fostering public trust and confidence
· Ensuring international trade of AI-enabled products
Although all these initiatives are not enough to regulate the field of AI, they represent a promising start. It is clear artificial intelligence needs regulation and that almost everyone seems to be on board with this idea. The question that still remains now is - can AI be regulated?
The Stanford project, "A study into one hundred years of Artificial Intelligence" is a report published by a group of experts from Stanford University led by Eric Horvitz, a Microsoft researcher. The authors claim it will be impossible to regulate AI.
“The consensus of the study agrees that attempts to regulate AI in general would be an error, since there is no clear definition of what AI is (it’s not just one thing), and the risks and considerations to bear in mind are very different for the different domains”. The Stanford project, "A study into one hundred years of Artificial Intelligence"
Talking about arms control, Henry Kissinger, former US secretary of state, believes it may be a lot harder to control the development of AI weapons than nuclear ones.
Indeed, AI will be difficult to regulate as a whole, because it is too diverse and has its own way of developing and pushing through the known boundaries. However, this does not mean that we should stop trying. AI is the technology of the future so we need to understand and manage it if we want to have a harmonious human-machine relation.
At this point, no one holds the correct answer related to regulation of artificial intelligence, but we'll continue our part in making everyone aware of the economic, social and humanitarian implications of AI.
In the end, we leave you with an interesting report about the AI readiness level of governments around the world. İngiltere’de milletvekili bıçaklı saldırıya uğrayarak öldürüldü
İngiltere'de bıçaklı saldırıya uğrayan 69 yaşındaki Muhafazakar Parti milletvekili David Amess hayatını kaybetti.
Essex Polisi yaptığı açıklamada, seçim bölgesinde toplantısı sırasında bıçaklı saldırıya uğrayan Amess'in hayatını kaybettiğini bildirdi.
1997'den bu yana milletvekili olan Amess, seçim bölgesi olan Essex'teki toplantısı sırasında bıçaklı saldırıya uğramıştı. Toplantının yapıldığı Belfairs Metodist Kilisesi'ne giren saldırgan, milletvekilini birden fazla kez bıçaklamıştı.
Essex Polisi, saldırı sonrası 25 yaşındaki bir kişinin gözaltına alındığını duyurmuştu.
İngiltere Başbakanı Boris Johnson, lideri olduğu Muhafazakar Partinin milletvekili David Amess'in bıçaklanarak öldürülmesine ilişkin, "Bugün iyi bir kamu görevlisini ve çok sevilen bir dost ve meslektaşımızı kaybettik." dedi.
Ana muhalefetteki İşçi Partisinin lideri Keir Starmer da partisinin milletvekili Jo Cox'un 2016'da seçim bölgesi Birstall'da uğradığı silahlı ve bıçaklı saldırıda öldüğünü hatırlatarak, "Bugün, karanlık ve şok edici bir gün. Bütün ülke bunu hissedecek, belki daha da çok, çünkü ne yazık ki daha önce da bunu yaşadık." ifadelerini kullandı.
Amess'in öldürülmesi nedeniyle devlet kurumlarındaki bayrakların 18 Ekim saat 20.00'ye kadar yarıya indirileceği açıklandı.
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|Yatsı||20:05| سفیر کشور ترکیه در ایران حمل ونقل و کارگوی فرودگاه بین المللی ماکو را جایگزین خوبی برای ترانزیت زمینی و کامیون عنوان کرد.
به گزارش تین نیوز به نقل از پایگاه خبری منطقه آزاد ماکو، رضا هاکان تکین در دیدار با مدیرعامل سازمان منطقه آزاد ماکو در محل سفارت ترکیه گفت: با استفاده از ظرفیت های فرودگاه و پایانه های صادراتی در منطقه آزاد ماکو تجارت با ایران تسهیل می شود.
او به توافق این کشور برای احداث راه آهن ماکو اشاره کرد و گفت: در حال حاضر فقط یک خط راه آهن از مرز رازی به دریاچه وان داریم که با گسترش آن از منطقه آزاد ماکو مراودات تجاری و بازرگانی دو کشور توسعه می یابد.
تکین گفت: با اشاره به سفر هفته گذشته وزیر خارجه ایران به ترکیه افزود: مذاکراتی در خصوص ایجاد منطقه آزاد مشترک بین ایران و ترکیه در بورالان صورت گرفت که سه کشور ایران ترکیه و آذربایجان را در بر می گیرد.
او تصریح کرد: افزایش تعداد سرمایه گذاران ترک در ایران از جمله برنامه های ترکیه است و در صورت معرفی مزایا، پتانسیل ها و ظرفیت های منطقه آزاد ماکو، این اتفاق در این منطقه روی خواهد داد.
با عضویت در خبرنامه تی نیوز می توانید روزانه خبرهای روز را در ایمیل خود مشاهده کنید هنگامی که صحبت از استفاده از فرش در خانه شما می شود، برخی از نکات مهم برای یادآوری وجود دارد. قبل از خرید، این نکات را برای تزیین خانه با فرش، به خاطر بسپارید. نکاتی که باید قبل از خرید فرش در نظر داشته باشید
نحوه قرار گرفتن فرش در اتاق نشیمن
هنگام انتخاب فرش، اطمینان حاصل کنید که آن در زیر تمام قسمت های مبلمان قرار خواهد گرفت. برای مثال در یک اتاق نشیمن، تمام مبلمان باید روی فرش باشد. اگر این کار امکان پذیر نیست، اشکالی ندارد که پایه های جلویی مبلمان روی فرش و پایه های عقب آن خارج از فرش باشد.
نحوه قرار گرفتن فرش در اتاق ناهار خوری
در یک اتاق ناهار خوری فرش باید به اندازه کافی صندلی ها و همچنین میز را شامل شود. یک قانون خوب که باید رعایت کنید این است که صندلی ها وقتی که از زیر میز بیرون کشیده می شوند باید روی فرش باشند.
مقدار فضا برای پهن کردن فرش
در حالت ایده آل، شما باید به اندازه فضای کف، فرش خود را پهن کنید. اما در فضایی بزرگتر، می توانید به اندازه ۲۰ سانتیمتر فاصله از دیوار فرش خود را بگسترانید. هدف اصلی این است که فرش در اتاق، محور باشد.
سعی کنید تمام مناطق را با فرش پوشش دهید
اطمینان حاصل کنید که هر منطقه کاملاً تحت پوشش فرش شما قرار گرفته باشد. وقتی افراد در حال راه رفتن در منزل شما هستند، نباید یک پا روی فرش باشد و یک پا از آن خارج شود. این کار ناخوشایند و ناراحت کننده است و می تواند منجر به سایش بین فرش و کفپوش شما شود.
آیا می دانید چگونه فرش را تمیز کنید؟
قبل از خرید حتماً دستورالعمل تمیز کردن روی هر فرش را بررسی کنید. فرش های الیاف طبیعی ارزان قیمت هستند، اما نمی توان آن ها را تمیز کرد، بنابراین در صورت وجود لکه های بزرگ ممکن است مجبور
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with cross- cultural application”
- Mark Hubbe and Colleen Cheverko – “Extending the ‘Adaptive Landscape’ Metaphor to Bioarchaeological Theory and Practice”
- Colleen Cheverko – “Growth, Childhood Stress, and Mortality Risk During the Late Period in Central California”
Check out the abstracts for the meetings in the official AAPA program here: http://physanth.org/documents/131/2018_AAPA_Abstract_Book_-_R3.pdf
The prehistoric shellmounds of Brazil, locally known as “Sambaquis”, are among the most studied archaeological sites in the country. They represent a continuous human occuipation of the coast by Fisher-Hunter-Gatherer populations from 8000 to 1200 years ago. In 2002, they were included in a comparative study and found to be among the healthiest prehistoric populations in the Americas. However, the individuals used in that initial study were missing their complete skeleton, calling for a comparative study to determine if these groups really led healthier lives than most. In our recent article (download it here) we analyzed 18 complete skeletons from the small shellmound Porto do Rio Vermelho 02 and examined several skeletal markers of health and life-style, to test wheter shellmound builder really were healthier than other prehistoric American populations. Our results show clearly that this population did not seem to be as healthy as we once thought, contradiction the previous depiction of these Brazilian groups. What should I do during a flood?
Below are the things you should do during a flood.
A flood is forecast
- Check for severe weather warnings and flood warnings by checking relevant websites such as the Environment Agency and the Met Office and listening to the radio and TV.
- Phone Floodline on 0345 988 11 88 for river flooding information.
- Protect what you can by moving pets, vehicles, valuables, sentimental items and important documents to safety / higher ground.
- Prepare food you can eat without cooking, clean bottled water and warm clothes.
- Charge your mobile phone and any portable chargers.
Page updated: 04/12/2020 Outbreak of dengue fever in Thailand
Residents and tourists alike need to stay vigilant during the rainy season from the threat of Dengue Fever. Wherever there are pools of standing water there will be mosquitoes, the most prevalent of Dengue Fever is in Chiang Mai because it lays low and flat therefore the water doesn't travel anywhere and gets trapped in the city. Tourists like to go backpacking in the mountains and bring back Dengue Fever from the jungles. Then they go to sleep in their hotel rooms, get bitten by mosquito's the mosquito then goes and bites another guest and before you know it the entire hotel and guests have contracted Dengue Fever.
Most mosquito diseases are typically located in the tropics around the equator and can be a real nuisance. Only the female mosquito bites, the male doesn't. They say that if you have lived in Thailand for the past 20 years or so then you have about a 1 in 100 chances of having contracted Dengue Fever, this statistic is probably higher if you live in Phuket or Chiang Mai.
Symptoms, Causes, Signs that I have Dengue Fever
At first you may not know you have dengue fever, you may just think you have a bad head cold, with flu like symptoms and rashes dengue fever in some cases can turn deadly.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a more severe form of the illness. It can be pretty serious too and has the same symptoms including rash, fever, bad headaches and hemorrhaging inside the body. Blisters on the skin and bleeding from areas of the body. This form of dengue fever can be life-threatening and can progress to the most severe form of the illness, dengue shock syndrome.
How to stop getting bitten by mosquitoes
You should try the following to prevent being bitten by mosquitoes
- Get a good mosquito spray, if your from Australia and you brought aeroguard to Thailand, forget about it, the mosquitoes here must be different because that doesn't keep them away, locally they have a product that you can find at most drug stores and even 7-eleven, the local product rubs into the skin easily and the Mozzies won't go anywhere near that area, though you kind of have to spray your whole body to get a good effect from it.
- Wear long clothing, I know it's hot and this might not be fun but wearing long clothing prevents the mosquitoes from getting access to your skin to bite you in the first place.
- Don't wear perfume or cologne, this only attracts the little buggers
- If you plan on camping in the jungle make sure you take a mosquito net because they will be hunting you down!
- If you live in a place that has standing water, you'll want to cover anything that does, getting rid of buckets and so forth from around your Thai home will help, if you have something with lotus flowers in it, you'll want to add some fish, no need to feed them, they'll just eat all the mosquito lava, awesome!
- Stay at a hotel in Thailand that has little to no mosquitoes.
Not all mosquitoes carry Dengue Fever only a specific kind.
Malaria is another mosquito born disease but doesn't have as much attention in Thailand as Dengue Fever is more prevalent. Most of the mosquitoes that carry Malaria (there is a specific kind) are found only in the remote places of Thailand typically in the middle of the Jungle.
To diagnose Malaria you have to undergo a specific test, typically a blood smear exam where they take a sample of your blood and put it under a microscope. Malaria is not fun and you don't want to catch it, and if your travelling to Thailand don't bother about vaccinations unless you plan on trekking through the jungle overnight, the vaccination does more harm than good in most opinions. به گزارش اسپوتنیک، یک منبع در مجتمع صنایع نظامی روسیه این خبر را اعلام کرده است.
موشک هوا پایه خا 32 در سال 2016 به خدمت گرفته شد و قرار است هواپیمای مدرنیزه شده توپولف 22 ام 3 ام که دو نمونه اولیه آن در حال انجام آزمایشات پروازی هستند، به این موشک مسلح شود .
منبع گفت: " توپولف 22 ام 3 مدرنیزه شده چندین موشک کروز خا 32 شلیک کرد که اساس سلاح های ضربتی بمب افکن توپولف 22 ام 3 ام را تشکیل خواهند داد . این شلیک ها در چارچوب آزمایشات دوره ای در یک میدان نظامی انجام شده و در طی آن مشخصات رزمی مقرر و دقت نشانه گیری این موشک ها نشان داده شده و تائید گردیدند".
منبع توضیح داد که "خا 32 در درجه اول برای اصابت اهداف سطحی در نظر گرفته شده است و به اصطلاح قاتل ناو های هواپیمابر است زیرا سامانه های فعلی دفاع هوایی ناو های هواپیمابر از کارآیی اندکی برای رهگیری چنین اهدافی برخوردار هستند." وی افزود: این موشک قادر است اهداف زمینی از جمله ایستگاه های رادار را نیز با کارایی بالا منهدم کند.
موشک کروز مافوق صوت خا 32 در سال 2016 به خدمت گرفته شد. این موشک برای جایگزینی موشکهای خا 32 ساخته شده است که توسط هواپیمای توپولف 22 ام 3 حمل می شود . حداکثر سرعت این موشک نردیک به سرعت صوت و در ارتفاع پرواز بیش از 30 کیلومتر حدود 5 ماخ (5 برابر سرعت صوت) و برد آن 1000 کیلومتر است.
برد پرواز بمب افکن مدرنیزه شده توپولف22 ام 3 ام تقریبا 6000 کیلومتر و سرعت آن 5000 کیلومتر در ساعت است. Dalle pampas in Vaticano. Mostra a Roma
L’allestimento, organizzato da Artifex, è il risultato di una selezione di opere appartenenti a collezionisti argentini, molte delle quali lasceranno il Paese per la prima volta.
Nella zona meridionale dell’America del Sud, un cavallerizzo leggendario, il gaucho, ha forgiato la sua personalità nelle pampas rioplatensi durante il XVIII secolo. Il gaucho aveva abilità eccezionali e godeva della sua libertà nella pianura infinita. Era solito mangiare arrosto di carne bovina, fumare tabacco e bere mate amaro, ma soltanto tra conoscenti. Lastarría ha osservato sui gauchos che per loro era molto facile macellare una mucca, perché tutti avevano un cavallo, boleadoras, un laccio e un coltello. Lavoravano unicamente per comperare il tabacco che fumavano o la yerba (erba Mate) del Paraguay che bevevano in generale senza zucchero, tutte le volte che potevano durante la giornata.
Dal XVIII secolo, i bovini e i muli divennero un bene strategico, ma con usi diversi: i primi per il consumo umano, i secondi per essere utilizzati nei giacimenti andini e in quelli di pietre preziose brasiliane, dove c’era una notevole necessità. Abile senza paragone nei lavori col bestiame, il gaucho diventò quindi una manodopera imprescindibile. Senza le sue capacità lo sviluppo economico della regione sarebbe stato diverso. Tuttavia, il gaucho è sempre stato emarginato dal sistema economico e sociale: da una parte, a causa del suo disinteresse per il lavoro e la sua recalcitranza verso le regole, dall’altra, come conseguenza dell’ingiusta organizzazione sociale dell’epoca. Le caratteristiche della sua personalità hanno fatto sì che gli abitanti urbani dei territori attuali di Argentina, Uruguay, del sud del Brasile e del Paraguay venissero chiamati gauchos con connotazione offensiva. Molti viaggiatori stranieri hanno però esaltato la cortesia di queste persone, il loro senso dell’ospitalità e, soprattutto, il loro amore per la libertà.
Il suo esotismo ha anche attirato l’attenzione di pittori e disegnatori stranieri e, più tardi, di fotografi, che arrivarono a Río de la Plata, con un certo spirito di avventura, dipingendo paesaggi e persone fino ad allora sconosciuti. I viaggiatori mostrano nei loro documenti di subire il fascino dell’abitante delle pampas: rude ma giusto, barbaro all’apparenza ma rispettoso.
Il gaucho era un cavallerizzo straordinario che conosceva i segreti del “deserto”: un’immensa pianura.
Di fatto, il giudizio di valore sul gaucho era molto contrastato: veniva esaltato o sminuito. Questo incrocio di sguardi sullo stesso personaggio ha fatto scrivere allo scrittore Ezequiel Martínez Estrada: «ognuno ha il suo gaucho».
Roberto Vega Andersen
Fonte: www.osservatoreromano.va HOAC+RksZ2jRu9u
معاون خدمات شهری و محیط زيست شهرداری منطقه ٢٠ از اجرای طرح نمونه برداری پسماندهای خشک با هدف شناخت وضعیت موجود تولید پسماندها خبر داد.
به گزارش روابط عمومی شهرداری منطقه ٢٠ ؛ رضا معلم با بیان این مطلب گفت : به منظور شناخت وضعیت موجود تولید پسماند، برنامه ریزی برای طراحی زیرساخت های تفکیک از مبداء و طراحی سیستم حمل و نقل و دفع پسماندها ، طرح نمونه برداری پسماندهای خشک در منطقه ٢٠ آغاز شده است.
معلم با اشاره به اهمیت تفكيك پسماندها، بروزرسانی نتایج نمونه برداری سالهای قبل، تعیین سرانه پسماند تولیدی د
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allow a clear view. The process takes about half an hour or so, and you’ll be able to go home within a few hours.
If any suspicious tissue or polyps are found, your doctor can use special instruments to remove them during the same procedure. Samples of the tissue are then sent to a laboratory so they can be examined for cancer.
If everything looks healthy, your doctor will likely suggest that you have another colonoscopy in 10 years. If polyps were found, or if you’re at a particularly high risk of colorectal cancer, you might be advised to have another one sooner.
A colonoscopy is considered to be safe. In rare cases, the colon or rectum is perforated, which can lead to serious complications.
Computed tomography (CT) colonography is also known as a virtual colonoscopy.
As with a colonoscopy, you have to prepare by cleaning out your colon. It does require that a tube be inserted into your rectum to pump air inside. But sedation isn’t necessary.
Special X-ray equipment then rotates around the table, taking a series of images of the colon and rectum. A computer puts the images together to create a detailed picture for analysis. The test takes about 10 minutes.
There’s a lower risk of complications than with a colonoscopy. On the other hand, if abnormal growths or polyps are found, you’ll need a standard colonoscopy to have them removed and tested for cancer.
In a sigmoidoscopy, your doctor can examine your rectum and sigmoid colon, which is the lower part of your colon. This test won’t detect abnormal tissue in the upper half of the colon.
A flexible, lighted tube with a small camera on the end (sigmoidoscope) is inserted into your rectum and colon. Your doctor can view the images on a screen. The tool only reaches two feet, so only about half of your colon is viewable.
You don’t have to clear your entire colon as with a colonoscopy, but you still have to cleanse your bowels before the test. You can be sedated, but it’s not usually required. The test takes 10 to 20 minutes.
The risk of perforation is small. Your doctor can remove abnormal tissue and polyps during this procedure. If the tissue is found to be cancerous, your doctor will likely recommend a colonoscopy to look at the upper half of your colon.
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
Because polyps and colorectal cancer can cause bleeding, your stool can be checked for small amounts of blood that you wouldn’t see otherwise.
A guaiac FOBT (gFOBT) uses a chemical to find blood in your stool.
Your doctor will instruct you avoid certain foods, such as red meat. You will also be told to stay away from certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, for a day or two before the test.
A fecal immunochemical (FIT) test relies on antibodies to detect blood in your stool.
For either test, you’ll use a special kit to collect multiple stool samples to return to a laboratory.
If blood is found in the stool, it doesn’t necessarily mean you have colorectal cancer. Other causes include hemorrhoids, ulcers, and diverticulosis. You’ll need additional testing, such as a colonoscopy, to determine the cause.
These tests can be repeated every year.
Stool FIT-DNA test
In addition to detecting blood, the FIT-DNA stool test can detect nine DNA biomarkers in three genes found in colorectal cancer and precancerous tissue.
This test requires that you collect your stool. You’ll be given a stool collection kit and instructions on how to return it to the laboratory.
If the test is negative, it should be repeated every three years. A positive result doesn’t confirm colorectal cancer. Other tests, such as a colonoscopy, can help your doctor learn more.
Air contrast barium enema
This test is also called double-contrast barium enema (DCBE), barium enema with air contrast, or lower GI series.
It involves taking laxatives or enemas to clean your bowels before the exam. Then barium sulfate and air are introduced into your rectum and colon. This highlights abnormal areas on X-ray images. The test can take from 30 to 45 minutes. Sedation isn’t necessary.
This procedure may not be sensitive enough to detect small polyps or cancers. But it may be an option if you can’t have a colonoscopy.
If anything suspicious is found, you’ll need additional testing to determine the cause. …
瑜伽体式–桥变二式
姿势分解
1、平躺在地上，脸朝上，脚平放，两脚打开的宽度与臀部同宽，弯曲膝盖，直到小腿胫骨和地面垂直。
2、收紧臀部肌肉，将臀部抬离地面几寸，让身体和地面成拱型。
3、手臂紧贴在地上，收紧臀部和腿部的肌肉，让臀部抬起来，双手在身体下面紧紧地扣在一起。将这个姿势坚持一会儿，然后放松，躺在地上休息一下，继续重复这个动作。
针对部位：臀肌、大腿、腰肌、背部的下半部分。
特别塑造：一旦你的身体形成拱型，就把自己的双手尽量放在身体的下面，以便抬升你的身体和臀部，这样也可以使你的臀部肌肉更紧缩。
瑜伽生活化，持之以恆练习很重要。
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微信客服：yogaliren01 What facilitated the spread of Christianity in Africa?
Some scholars who study Christianity in Africa suggest that this rapid expansion of Christianity in Africa was facilitated by a symbiotic relationship between Christian missionaries and colonial governments.
What religion did Africa have before Christianity?
Polytheism was widespreaded in most of ancient African and other regions of the world, before the introduction of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. An exception was the short-lived monotheistic religion created by Pharaoh Akhenaten, who made it mandatory to pray to his personal god Aton (see Atenism).
How did Christianity spread in North Africa?
Once in North Africa, Christianity spread slowly West from Alexandria and East to Ethiopia. Through North Africa, Christianity was embraced as the religion of dissent against the expanding Roman Empire. In the 4th century AD the Ethiopian King Ezana made Christianity the kingdom’s official religion.
Why is Christianity growing in Africa?
Much of the recent Christian growth in Africa is now due to African evangelism and high birth rates, rather than European missionaries.
How did Christianity come to West Africa?
The introduction of Christianity into West Africa traces its history to the fifteenth century, because of Portuguese scientific exploration of the Atlantic coasts of Africa. … Eventually, the missionaries changed and adopted a more flexible, accommodating stance, which blended African culture with Christianity.
What was Africa’s first religion?
Christianity came first to the continent of Africa in the 1st or early 2nd century AD. Oral tradition says the first Muslims appeared while the prophet Mohammed was still alive (he died in 632). Thus both religions have been on the continent of Africa for over 1,300 years.
Why did Islam spread in Africa?
According to Arab oral tradition, Islam first came to Africa with Muslim refugees fleeing persecution in the Arab peninsula. … It quickly spread West from Alexandria in North Africa (the Maghreb), reducing the Christians to pockets in Egypt, Nubia and Ethiopia. به نظر می رسد نام سامسونگ با دادگاه گره خورده و حالا، مایکروسافت اخیرا شکایتی را علیه این شرکت تنظیم کرده و این شرکت را برای ۶.۹ میلیون دلار تحت تعقیب قضایی قرار داده است و دلیل آن را عدم پرداخت به موقع بدهی این غول نرم افزاری عنوان کرده.
مایکروسافت پس از خرید دستگاه ها و سرویس های نوکیا، قرارداد دو جانبه ای را با سامسونگ مبنی بر حق امتیاز دو طرفه امضا کرد و کره ای ها طی این توافقنامه، مبلغی را برای هر موبایل یا تبلت اندرویدی در طی یک سال به این شرکت پرداخت کنند. این قرارداد در سال ۲۰۱۱ تنظیم شده بود و در همان سال هم کره ای ها پرداخت های خود را به ازای فروش هر محصول، محاسبه و پرداخت کردند.
البته سال گذشته سامسونگ مبلغ یک میلیارد دلار به مایکروسافت به دلیل همین قرارداد پرداخت کرده بود اما ردموند نشین ها معتقدند این اقدام با تاخیر انجام گرفته و در نتیجه، مبلغ ۶.۹ میلیون دلار سود این دیرکرد باید مجددا به حساب های آنها واریز گردد. چرا که گویا چشم بادامی ها تصور می کردند با خرید کامل سرویس ها و دستگاه های نوکیا توسط مایکروسافت، قرارداد فی مابین این دو شرکت هم کان لم یکن تلقی می شود و از پرداخت های جدید خود امنتاع و در سومین سال قرارداد، پرداخت ها را متوقف کردند.
حال باید منتظر ماند و دید جنگ پتنتی جدید مایکروسافت و سامسونگ به کجا می انجامد و برنده این دادگاه کدام شرکت خواهد بود. در ادامه مطلب متن کامل این شکوایه را مشاهده خواهید کرد.
Microsoft v Samsung Unsealed Suit VAT NO一般是指增值税发票号码，一般是NO***共8位数。在外贸交易当中，经常会碰到客户要求提供一个VAT NO.号码，这对货物的清关和登记还是非常重要的，一旦VAT NO这个号码错误可能就进不了关口物品会被退回来。
这时的VAT NO是纳税号，在国外，如果公司在VAT OFFICE注册后，就会给外贸企业商一个增值号码，企业通过这个号码来进行缴税。目前，国外很多地方都要在发票上显示这个VAT NO.号码，填写运单和发票时务必将企业当地登记的税号，注明在运单和发票上。通常用网络可以搜到税号。
另外，VAT Code指的是增值税发票的类别编码，一般是10位 ；10位代码含义分别是 1—4位代表各省；5—6位代表制版年度；7位代表印制批次；8位代表发票种类，普通发票用“6”表示；9位代表几联版，二联版用“2”表示，五联版用“5”表示；10位代表金额版本号。
一般增值税是对商品生产、流通、销售等多个环节中的新增价值或商品的附加值征收的一种流转税。在国外，客户需要这个VAT NO来进行缴纳税收，这也就是客户需要外贸企业提供的理由，不然其没法处理货物。 GINEVRA – Fornire aiuto agli oltre 650.000 bambini e adolescenti che vivono nelle aree colpite dall’eruzione del vulcano Fuego. Questo il compito dell’Unicef in Guatemala, dove finora sono state evacuate oltre 12.000 persone, mentre circa 3.700 persone – tra cui centinaia di bambini – sono ora ospitate in rifugi di emergenza. Sismondi, Jean-Charles-Léonard Simonde de
(Ginevra 1773
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uta i Royals scelsero Sihugo Green, una guardia divenuta in seguito piuttosto famosa appunto perché selezionata prima di Bill Russell, mentre con il pick numero due gli Hawks fecero il nome dell’ex centro di USF. Come da accordi, lo girarono ai Celtics in cambio di Ed Macauley e Cliff Hagan.
Russell firmò con Boston un contratto da 19.500 dollari, il più ricco di sempre per una matricola. Questo gli procurò qualche problema con la selezione statunitense che si apprestava a disputare le Olimpiadi di Melbourne. Bill non poteva infatti più essere considerato un dilettante e in teoria non avrebbe potuto partecipare ai Giochi Olimpici.
Il giocatore tenne duro, si disse persino disposto a saltare la sua prima annata in maglia Celtics pur di far parte della spedizione in terra australiana. Alla fine ebbe la meglio.
Con Russell capitano, gli Stati Uniti dominarono il torneo, vinsero otto partite su otto, rifilarono uno scarto medio agli avversari di 53.5 punti a partita, incluso un match con la Thailandia terminato sul 101 a 29. Bill segnò 14.1 punti a partita e fu persino miglior realizzatore della propria squadra.
I Giochi Olimpici si conclusero l’8 dicembre e solo allora Russell poté tornare in patria e unirsi ai Celtics.
Il centro titolare della squadra bianco-verde era Arnie Risen, vecchia gloria dei tempi eroici. Risen fu determinante per la crescita del giovane rookie: “Mi insegnò tutto. Come giocare, come comportarmi. Io imparavo. Ero una spugna, assimilavo tutto. E ogni volta che mi prendeva da parte per spiegarmi qualcosa, si rendeva conto che si stava avvicinando il momento in cui non avrebbe più giocato. Non lo dimenticherò mai.”
Nella sua prima stagione da professionista Russell ebbe qualche problema in attacco, dove ancora non aveva sviluppato movimenti idonei per il nuovo livello di gioco, ma rimediò ampiamente nella propria metà campo. E lo fece così bene che Auerbach non impiegò molto a decidere di stravolgere completamente gli schemi della squadra in modo da sfruttare al meglio le qualità del proprio centro.
Fino alla stagione precedente i Celtics erano stati un’inarrestabile macchina da canestri, trascinati da realizzatori puri come Bob Cousy e Bill Sharman, pagando però fortemente a rimbalzo e in difesa. Di lì a breve sarebbe cambiato tutto.
Con l’innesto di Russell, la difesa dei Celtics divenne rocciosa, aggressiva, quasi avvilente per gli avversari. Fu ben presto celebre negli ambienti con l’ironico nome di “Difesa Hey, Bill”. Erano infatti queste le parole che urlavano i giocatori di Boston ogni qualvolta avevano bisogno di un raddoppio difensivo. Russell era rapidissimo a correre in aiuto dei compagni per poi tornare indietro sul proprio uomo, esprimendo soprattutto nei primi anni di carriera una velocità, un’elasticità, scelte di tempo e capacità di anticipo che restano ancora oggi inarrivabili e non sono mai più state viste tutte insieme in un unico giocatore.
Boston chiuse la stagione con 44 vittorie, all’epoca il secondo miglior record nella storia della franchigia. Russell terminò con 14.7 punti e 19.6 rimbalzi in 48 partite. Non vinse il premio di rookie dell’anno, preceduto dal suo compagno di squadra Tom Heinsohn, lo stesso che Bill aveva affrontato e annullato ai tempi del college.
Inizialmente il giovane centro addebitò la decisione della lega al fatto che Heinsohn fosse bianco, più probabilmente però il mancato premio era dovuto alla stagione ridotta che Bill aveva disputato per via delle Olimpiadi.
A ogni modo in post-season fu lui a guidare la squadra alla vittoria finale. Al suo esordio nei playoff contro i Syracuse Nationals del grande Dolph Schayes, mise insieme 16 punti, 31 rimbalzi, 7 stoppate.
Trascinati da Russell, i Celtics approdarono alla prima finale NBA della loro storia. Avversari, i più esperti St. Louis Hawks di Bob Pettit, all’epoca ritenuto il miglior giocatore del circuito. Fu una serie estremamente tesa.
In gara tre, Auerbach arrivò a colpire con un pugno il suo collega Ben Kerner e ricevette una multa di 300 dollari dalla lega. La sfida si protrasse fino a una drammatica e infinita gara 7. Pettit mise 39 punti, dall’altra parte Heinsohn scrisse 37, ma fu Russell a compiere la giocata decisiva, quella che passerà alla storia come “Coleman Play” e sarà ricordata come una delle migliori azioni difensive di tutti i tempi.
A 40 secondi dalla sirena, con i Celtics avanti di uno, gli Hawks recuperarono palla nella propria area e diedero il via a un veloce contropiede. La guardia Jack Coleman venne quindi lanciata a canestro da un assist da metà campo. Nel momento in cui era iniziata l’azione, Russell si trovava sotto il canestro avversario.
Nel momento in cui era partito l’ultimo passaggio, stava già percorrendo tutto il campo a larghe falcate. Coleman ricevette palla e si alzò per un facile layup. Russell arrivò come un fulmine alle sue spalle a stoppare il tiro della vittoria per gli Hawks, quello che avrebbe consegnato loro l’anello.
“Blocked by Russell! Blocked by Russell! He came from nowhere!” urlò il solito Johnny Most, lo storico radiocronista dei Celtics.
Molto tempo dopo Cousy definì quell’azione: “The most incredible physical act I’ve ever seen on a basketball floor.”
Boston alla fine si impose dopo due tempi supplementari per 125 a 123. Era il primo titolo per la squadra del Massachusetts, il primo di una lunghissima serie.
La stagione successiva, la prima completa per Russell, i Celtics perfezionarono ulteriormente il proprio gioco fatto di veloci e letali contropiedi.
L’azione tipica della squadra prevedeva un rimbalzo difensivo o una stoppata di Russell, palla nelle mani dell’esperto playmaker Cousy che faceva partire l’azione. A quel punto le soluzioni per i bianco-verdi erano pressoché infinite. Cousy e Sharman erano abilissimi nel concludere in prima persona. Heinsohn era un realizzatore puro e lo stesso Russell era estremamente veloce nell’attraversare il campo con la sua solita ampia ed elegantissima falcata e farsi trovare pronto per una conclusione ravvicinata.
Fu proprio in quegli anni che venne a crearsi il primo vero grande asse play-centro nella storia della lega. Cousy e Russell rappresentano tuttora una delle combo più forti mai viste su un campo da basket.
I due, sebbene molto diversi, troveranno il modo di instaurare una profonda intesa anche fuori dal campo. Parleranno sempre molto poco, ma la loro sarà un’amicizia che avrà bisogno di pochissimi convenevoli e che ancora oggi, a distanza di sessantuno anni dal primo incontro, appare solida e per certi versi confortante.
Frattanto Russell chiuse la sua seconda annata nella lega con 16.6 punti a partita e 22.7 rimbalzi. Quella fu la prima di dieci stagioni consecutive in cui il giocatore non sarebbe mai sceso sotto la soglia delle venti carambole di media. Conquistò il suo primo premio di MVP di Regular Season e condusse i Celtics nuovamente alle finali NBA, ancora contro i St. Louis Hawks. Ma questa volta le cose andarono diversamente.
In gara 3, sul risultato di uno a uno, Bill si infortunò a un piede e fu costretto ad abbandonare la partita. Saltò i successivi due match e gli Hawks ne approfittarono per portarsi sul 3 a 2 nella serie. Il centro dei Celtics tornò in campo per gara 6, ma dopo poco dovette abdicare definitivamente non riuscendo più neanche a poggiare il piede per terra. Bob Pettit salì in cattedra, realizzò 50 punti e trascinò i suoi sul tetto del mondo.
Secondo molti addetti ai lavori, senza l’infortunio di Russell, Boston non avrebbe mai perso quel titolo, eppure Auerbach rifiutò di accampare scuse e fu il primo a rendere omaggio all’eccezionale prestazione degli avversari.
Da quel giorno, però, e per i successivi otto anni nessun’altra squadra che non fossero i Boston Celtics sarebbe più riuscita a vincere il titolo. Da lì in avanti sarebbe stata una lunghissima sinfonia bianco-verde cui nessuno, nemmeno giocatori eccezionali come Chamberlain, Robertson, West e Baylor, sarebbero riusciti a porre un freno.
La stagione seguente Boston vinse 52 partite. Ci fu la prima finale della storia contro i Lakers. I giallo-viola, ancora di stanza a Minneapolis, erano guidati da una fenomenale guardia-ala, il rookie Elgin Baylor, da molti già definito il miglior giocatore del pianeta.
Stuzzicato dal confronto a distanza, Russell elevò vertiginosamente il livello del suo gioco, ossia il proprio livello difensivo. Boston si impose per quattro a partite a zero in una serie che non ebbe mai storia e in cui Bill non raggiunse neanche i 10 punti a partita, ma raccolse oltre 29 rimbalzi di media, tuttora record di sempre per una serie finale.
Al termine di gara 4, l’allenatore dei Lakers, John Kundla, lo stesso che aveva portato Mikan sul tetto del mondo, si spinse fino a dichiarare: “Non abbiamo perso contro i Celtics, abbiamo perso contro Russell. Ci ha battuto psicologicamente, ha frustrato ogni nostro tentativo.”
Neanche il tempo di archiviare quel nuovo successo e arrivò la stagione che avrebbe trasportato l’intera NBA nei meravigliosi anni ’60 e con essa fece il suo ingresso nella lega, vestendo la maglia dei Philadelphia Warriors, colui che sarà il più grande avversario di Bill Russell. Il suo più grande amico.
Il suo nome era Wilt Chamberlain, 216 centimetri per 125 chili di puro talento cestistico e atletico. Wilt era un realizzatore straordinario, la più grande macchina da canestri nella storia del basket. Un colosso di fronte al quale tutti gli avversari affrontati fino a quel momento erano stati spazzati via.
Dire che ci fosse curiosità fra appassionati e addetti ai lavori sul confronto fra il magnifico realizzatore Chamberlain e il superbo difensore Russell, è finanche riduttivo, eppure nessuno poteva immaginare che stava nascendo la più grande rivalità nella storia della NBA. Una rivalità decennale che non si è affatto conclusa con il ritiro di Russell nel 1969 e neanche con la morte di Chamberlain nel 1999, ma ha continuato e continua tuttora a vivere nel cuore e nella mente degli appassionati.
La prima volta che Bill e Wilt incrociarono i guantoni fu il 7 Novembre del 1959.
“The Big Collision”, “Battle of the Titans” si divertirono a scrivere i giornali. Poi fu palla a due. Chamberlain vinse il confronto diretto, 30 punti contro i 22 dell’avversario, ma Boston vinse la partita per 115 a 106.
Andrà quasi sempre così. Wilt metterà numeri incredibili, spesso anche contro Russell, vincerà i duelli personali sul piano numerico. Bill invece vincerà le partite.
Si può discutere ancora a lungo, ed effettivamente lo si è fatto, su chi sia da ritenere più grande fra i due e si può tranquillamente farlo senza mai venirne a capo. Chamberlain ovviamente ha sempre tirato acqua al proprio mulino.
“La sua carriera è stata facilitata” disse una volta di Russell. “Non si è mai dovuto preoccupare di segnare molti punti, perché c’era chi lo faceva per lui. Mi sarebbe piaciuto giocare a Boston e avrei voluto vedere Bill giocare in una squadra che oltre ai suoi rimbalzi aveva disperatamente bisogno dei suoi punti. Forse le cose sarebbe andate diversamente per me e per lui.”
Ma sebbene ci sia più di un fondo di verità in queste parole, sarebbe ingiusto imputare l’enorme differenza di titoli fra i due solo alle diverse capacità dei rispettivi compagni di squadra. Perché arriverà il giorno in cui sarà Wilt ad avere la squadra più forte, come ad esempio nel 1969, ma sarà comunque Bill a portare a casa vittoria e titolo.
Chamberlain è stato grande, grandissimo, immenso. Sicuramente un giocatore migliore di Russell sotto molti aspetti. Ma Wilt giocava per Wilt, Bill giocava per vincere. Aveva dentro di sé qualcosa che il suo eterno rivale non ha mai lontanamente posseduto: l’innata capacità di sacrificarsi per il bene della squadra, di migliorare i compagni, di elevare il loro livello finanche a scapito del proprio pur di raggiungere l’obbiettivo comune.
Esplicativo, a questo proposito, ciò che una volta disse Don Nelson, ex compagno di squadra di Russell e futuro coach e GM dei Dallas Mavericks, un uomo che ha trascorso quasi sessant’anni di vita nel pianeta NBA:
“Ci sono due tipi di superstar. Una che tende a far apparire se stesso migliore a scapito degli altri giocatori in campo. L’altra che invece fa di tutto per rendere migliori i ragazzi che giocano con lui. E a questa categoria appartiene Bill Russell”.
Manco a dirlo, nelle finali di Division di quello stesso anno, arrivò la prima sfida di playoff fra i due grandi avversari e Boston si impose per 4 partite a 2. Volò verso la finale, ancora contro gli Hawks. E poi verso il titolo. Il secondo consecutivo, il terzo in quattro anni.
Da più parti iniziò a circolare il termine “dinastia”, una parola che non veniva utilizzata nella lega dai tempi di George Mikan. Le squadre avversarie cominciarono a cercare contromisure per far fronte al gioco dei Celtics, andando però spesso incontro a risultati disastrosi. Provarono un maggior utilizzo del tiro dalla distanza per evitare di dover affrontare Russell sotto canestro, ma non ottennero altro che vedere calare vistosamente le loro percentuali dal campo.
Frattanto i meccanismi difensivi dei Celtics si andavano affinando sempre più fino a raggiungere una perfezione quasi chirurgica. Gli esterni di Boston cominciarono a difendere in maniera estremamente aggressiva sia sul portatore di palla, sia sulle linee di passaggio cercando costantemente l’anticipo, comunque consci che a coprir loro le spalle ci fosse Russell. E quando non riuscivano a limitare gli avversari, tendevano a incanalarli verso la fetta di campo presidiata dal loro centro.
La presenza di Bill sotto canestro divenne così ingombrante che tutte le squadre dovettero in un modo o nell’altro stravolgere il proprio modo di giocare per farne fronte.
Persino Chamberlain, uno che fra le altre cose era dotato di un ego spropositato, si ritrovò con sommo disappunto a dover cambiare il proprio approccio alle partite quando affrontava i Celtics. Era sempre stato abituato a ricevere palla, girarsi, attacc
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ce sulla carne, può sembrare discutibile.
È sicuro mangiare ananas troppo maturo?
Troppo maturo i frutti, invece, hanno foglie cadenti e secche, buccia più morbida e frutti che hanno zone morbide o marroni, ma sono comunque sicuro da mangiare . Butta via il tuo ananas dopo 5 giorni in frigorifero o se le zone marroni presentano anche dei puntini biancastri, che indicano che la muffa sta cominciando a crescere.Risposte alle domande correlate
Quando dovresti buttare l'ananas?Quando il fondo diventa umido e molliccio o sviluppa muffa, suo un buon segno il ananas dovrebbe essere scartato. Tecnicamente potresti tagliare su le parti cattive, soprattutto se suo relativamente piccolo. Ma se suo sul lato più grande, sbaglia sul lato della cautela e gettare il frutto su .
Che aspetto ha l'ananas ammuffito?Alcuni segni rivelatori che un tutto ananas ha iniziato a rovinare includono: Muffa sta crescendo sulle sue foglie o sul corpo; le macchie bianche sulle foglie sono solitamente funghi. È morbido e flessibile al tatto o presenta punti deboli. Ha un odore di aceto, pungente, fermentato o acido, soprattutto vicino al fondo.
Come fai a sapere se un ananas è marcio?Alcuni tratti comuni del male ananas sono foglie marroni sulla corona e un fondo morbido e umido con il resto del corpo che si secca e sembra vecchio o marrone. L'aroma dolce scomparirà anche quando il frutto inizierà a fermentare e sarà sostituito da un odore acido più pungente che è più vicino all'odore dell'aceto. Spiegatore
Cos'è il Pan di Zucchero?Pan di Zucchero è un unico ananas varietà dal sapore eccezionalmente dolce. Viene raccolto alle 6 del mattino sotto il luminoso sole tropicale del Ghana centrale e arriva qui nel Regno Unito in meno di 48 ore, così puoi goderti tutto il suo sapore fresco e succoso. Pan di Zucchero è un unico ananas varietà dal sapore eccezionalmente dolce. Spiegatore
Va bene mangiare il cuore di un ananas?PER torsolo di ananas è molto difficile e non dolce come il resto del ananas , quindi di solito non vogliamo mangiare . Non c'è niente di male in mangiare la parte centrale di ananas (se consumato nel limite). La cotenna ( nucleo ) parte di ananas è commestibile. Pundit
Che aspetto ha l'ananas cattivo?Puoi usare il colore per capire se un file ananas è male . Banowetz dice che vorrai iniziare il tuo ananas cerca controllando il fondo del frutto. Se è verde o giallo, vale la pena dare un'occhiata, ma se è marrone, saltalo, dice. 'Un maturo ananas dovrebbe avere un odore dolce ed essere sodo quando viene spremuto ', spiega Banowetz. Pundit
Perché il mio ananas è nero?Ananas nero marciume, noto anche come marciume di testa, marciume di base o vescica bianca, è una malattia causata da Ceratocystis paradoxa (teleomorfo) (Thielaviopsis paradoxa: anamorph). Il la malattia si manifesta solo nella frutta fresca perché il tempo dalla raccolta alla lavorazione troppo breve per l'infezione. Pundit
Va bene mangiare ananas fermentato?Dovresti stare bene. Ananas fermentato il succo è in realtà una bevanda piuttosto comune in Messico. Tepache è fantastico e lo fai solo con il nucleo e la scorza, quindi puoi mangiare il ananas carne e fai (debole) alcol con solo la roba che butti via comunque più un po 'di zucchero e acqua. io amo ananas fermentato ! Pundit
L'ananas scuro fa male?Se il fondo ha un odore maturo, fruttato, dolce e luminoso, probabilmente quella cosa è a posto. Ma attenzione: se inizia a puzzare di funky e fermentato, come l'aceto, il ananas è andato un po 'troppo lontano. (Non quello fermentato ananas è un male cosa di per sé; vogliamo solo che accada apposta, non per caso.) Pundit
Perché il mio ananas ha la schiuma?ananas fermenta piuttosto facilmente e velocemente, infatti esiste una bevanda chiamata “guarapo” che si fa per semplice immissione ananas le bucce in acqua con lo zucchero e poi lasciate riposare per una settimana. Questo schiuma vedi è la fermentazione che è iniziata all'interno del frutto. Insegnante
Quali sono le macchie marroni nell'ananas?Tuttavia, ci sono alcuni frutti che sono eccezioni. Ad esempio, quando ananas vengono conservati per lunghi periodi di tempo si sviluppano piccoli macchie marroni entro. Questi indigeni macchie marroni , come vengono chiamati, sono esteticamente sgradevoli, ma i ananas è buono come uno senza macchie , Disse il dottor Dull. Insegnante
Qual è la polvere bianca sulle foglie di ananas?In ananas i tricomi sono peli squamosi multicellulari a forma di fungo che circondano gli stomi e aiutano a ridurre la perdita d'acqua dalle piante. Sono più pesanti sul lato inferiore del le foglie (il polvere bianca che ti infila i pantaloni) e dai il le foglie la loro parte inferiore argentea. Insegnante
L'ananas fresco fa bene?Ananas sono frutti tropicali ricchi di vitamine, enzimi e antiossidanti. ' Ananas contengono elevate quantità di vitamina C e manganese ', ha detto la nutrizionista di San Diego Laura Flores. Questi frutti tropicali sono anche a bene modo per ottenere importanti fibre alimentari e bromelina (un enzima). Insegnante
L'ananas e il latte sono velenosi?Il tabù del cibo è mangiare ananas e latte insieme inducono tossicità ma quali tipi di tossicità (epatotossicità, neurotossicità, emotossicità ecc.) provoca, ancora non nota. Questi hanno indicato che questa miscela non è tossica. Recensore
Cosa fa l'ananas per una donna?Sì, signore - e anche uomini, del resto - bevono un bicchiere di buone dimensioni ananas il succo un paio d'ore prima dell'atto può aiutare a migliorare il gusto e l'odore dei fluidi corporei. La frutta in generale è buona perché contiene acidi e zuccheri. Recensore
L'ananas fa male ai diabetici?ananas e Diabete Frutta come ananas può essere una scelta salutare per le persone con diabete . Alcuni frutti contengono vitamine, minerali e fibre che possono essere utili per la tua dieta. Ma possono anche contenere carboidrati che possono influire sulla glicemia, quindi la moderazione è la chiave. Recensore
Quale farmaco non puoi prendere con l'ananas?Interazione moderata
- L'amoxicillina (Amoxil, Trimox) interagisce con la BROMELINA. L'assunzione di bromelina potrebbe aumentare la quantità di amoxicillina presente nel corpo.
- Gli antibiotici (antibiotici tetracicline) interagiscono con la BROMELINA.
- I farmaci che rallentano la coagulazione del sangue (farmaci anticoagulanti / antiaggreganti piastrinici) interagiscono con la BROMELINA.
辜姓徵信員被控A走公司攝影機及抓姦影片，他因遭影中人控告，為和解將影片送交對方。台灣高等法院依業務侵占判辜男7月徒刑。
判決書指出，辜男原本任職於一家徵信公司，擔任業務經理，在民國100年8月1日代表公司與林姓男子簽約，負責調查林男妻子疑似婚外情事件。
判決書表示，辜男與林男及相關徵信工作人員帶著攝影機在同年8月15日前往台北巿一處抓姦及蒐證，發現林妻與1名男子共處一室，男子為阻拍攝，與辜男發生肢體衝突，導致攝影機主體與螢幕分離，摔落現場。
判決書指出，辜男隔天交付二張光碟（含當天拍攝影片）給林男，但無法讀取，後來林男與辜男又再約見面觀看影片，但辜男仍未交付光碟給林男。辜男後來將受損攝影機及影片資料帶離公司，侵占於己。徵信公司控告辜男業務侵占。
法院審理期間，辜男表示，8月15日案發後，林男對妻子提告，後來夫妻倆達成和解，撤回告訴；林妻轉而告他，他曾找林男協助，但對方都不理，林妻要求把影片交出才願意和解，所以他把影片交出並獲得撤告；他說，因為公司在事後沒有提供任何法律協助，所以沒有跟公司聯絡，也沒有拿到報酬。 Today we need an example of something weirdly-shaped and electrically conductive. There’s no shortage of such things, so we might as well go with the iconic. This is the Statue of Liberty:
It’s made out of copper, which over the years has taken on a decidedly not-copper color due to chemical reactions between the copper surface and the surrounding atmosphere. But it’s still copper and thus a very good conductor of electricity. Unfortunately for our purposes here the statue is also hollow, and in fact the copper is only a few millimeters thick. This isn’t unusual, almost all metal statues of any size are hollow. Metal is very expensive and very heavy. But for the moment, go ahead and pretend the Statue of Liberty is in fact a solid mass of copper metal.
Now apply an electric charge to it. Dump a bucket of electrons on it, fire up a Van de Graff generator, rub a balloon on your head and hold it close to the statue, whatever. Now there’s an excess of charge on the statue. How does it distribute itself? We know that charges experience a force when they’re placed in an electric field. Conversely an electric field is generated by the presence of charge. Thus the charges are going to be pushed around by their mutual repulsion until they reach a stable configuration. With a little thought we can figure out what the stable configuration is, even for something so complicated as the Statue.
It’s not possible to quite do this in reality, but imagine that you want to very sensitively probe the electric field at a particular point. You do this by taking a single electron as a test charge, placing it at the location you want to test, and seeing which way it moves. In that way you can see what direction the electric field points.
But at this point we can also extrapolate backwards. Once we charge up the statue, there can’t be an electric field anywhere inside. If there were, our test charge and all the other charges would be moving, which means they wouldn’t have found their equilibrium positions yet. Once they find their equilibrium positions, they aren’t moving anymore. Which means there’s no field. But if there’s no field, that means there’s no net charge – because charge generates an electric field. So is there no charge in the statue, despite the fact that we just put it there? The answer is that there’s no charge in the statue. Our argument shows that the equilibrium position of all the charge is on the surface of the statue. Any charged conductor will have all of its charge on its exterior surface.
This argument only works for conductors, since it requires that the electrons be free to move. In an insulator they can’t, and so they’ll mostly stay wherever they’re put.
Back to the Statue. All of the charge is on the surface, but we have no guarantee that’s it’s evenly distributed on the surface. In fact it’s not. In general the distribution on the surface will be a complicated function of the geometry. In particular it will tend to be highest at sharp points like the spikes on the crown, or (more saliently for other types of structures) lightning rods. And that’s a story for another day – though I’m pretty sure that other day will be tomorrow! Confermato il nesso tra consumo di marijuana e cancro ai testicoli. Una ricerca della University of Southern California ha infatti individuato una relazione tra l’uso di marijuana e l’aumentato rischio di sviluppo di tumori testicolari, seminomi e i tumori a cellule germinali miste.
Gli studiosi hanno esaminato 163 uomini con diagnosi di tumore ai testicoli e hanno analizzato la loro storia riguardo al consumo di droga. Confrontando i risultati con quanto registrato in 292 pazienti sani nella stessa fascia di età è stata riscontrata la probabilità doppia di sviluppare sottotipi di tumori testicolari.
Il tumore al testicolo è quello più frequentemente diagnosticato negli uomini di età compresa tra i 15 ai 45 anni e secondo i ricercatori “il legame tra la droga e il tumore ai testicoli può essere causato dal sistema degli endocannabinoidi, la rete cellulare che risponde al principio attivo della marijuana, dal momento che questo sistema è stato già dimostrato essere importante nella formazione degli spermatozoi“.
La ricerca è stata pubblicata sulla rivista Cancer. İkitelli, İstanbul'un batısında Küçükçekmece ve Başakşehir sınırları içeresinde yer alan semt.
1980'lerin başında Eminönü, Karaköy gibi semtlerde bulunan imalatçı ve sanayi sektörlerini şehir dışına taşımak için art arda başlayan İkitelli Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde yer alan imalatcı siteleri ve İSTOÇ ile 20 sene içinde çok büyük bir değişme göstermiştir. Bu sitelerin getirdiği gecekondulaşmanın yanı
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规模企业2亿卢比将获得税收优惠。
Himesh-Komals第一次分离的消息于2016年9月曝光，当时这对夫妇提出离婚。
所以他们来到这里并开始像其他人一样做很多关于我可以添加的健身教练的关注，当时有小猫，但它只是告诉你这是一个开球的球员，这绝对是惊人的。“下午7:52：两名击球手在最后5场比赛中增加了11次。
伊克巴尔还坚持认为，作为穆斯林，我们都相信Khatm-i-Nabuwwat，并且修改法律使其比以前更有效。
Mushfiqur是坚定的。这也可能为降级的孟买足球俱乐部开辟一条生命线，通过提交出价，在即将到来的赛季中占据联盟的一席之地。
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Belki de teori sıra dışıdır (bunun tartışılabileceğine inanıyorum). Eşcinsel scat yeme effectuate; hamburger gibi konularını öğütür canavarca bir devlet, aynıdır. Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation a 500 KV solar plant at the nondescript hamlet of Palli in Jammu and Kashmir’s border district of Samba on 24 April 2022. The solar plant was installed in a record time of three weeks. The cost of the project comes to about ₹ 2.75 crore. The power generated will be supplied to the village through a local power station grid.
What is Carbon Neutrality?
Carbon neutrality is a state where there the net carbon-di-oxide emissions is zero. The state is also known at “Net-Zero Emissions”. Removing carbon oxide from the atmosphere and then storing it is known as carbon sequestration. In order to achieve net zero emissions, all worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions will have to be counterbalanced by carbon sequestration.
Currently, Bhutan (carbon-negative), Suriname (carbon negative since 2014) and Panama (2021) are the countries that have achieved carbon neutrality.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reported that “Global net human-caused carbon dioxide emissions would need to fall by around 45 percent from 2010 levels by 2030, reaching ‘net zero’ around 2050”
According to World Resources Institute, the top three greenhouse gas emitters are China, the European Union and the United States which together contribute 41.5% of total global emissions. Per capita greenhouse gas emissions are highest in the United States and Russia. Emissions from India contribute 7.08% to global emissions while China contriburtes to 26.1% of the total global emissions. India is the world’s fourth largest emitter of carbon dioxide after China, the US and the EU. India has promised to cut its emissions to net zero by 2070 at GLASGOW CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE 2021. دلایل بروز رفلاکس معده
آنهایی که به هر دلیل دچار رفلاکس معده هستند، می دانند جریان از چه قرار است. اتفاق ناخوشایندی که با خوردن کمی غذا برای مدتی کنترل شده اما کمی بعد دوباره باز می گردد. افراد مبتلا به رفلاکس این اتفاق را با جمله هایی مانند «غبارگرفتگی گلو»، «سوزش سردل»، «جوشیدن گلو» و… توصیف می کنند.
از شاخص ترین دلایل بروز مشکل رفلاکس معده می توان به مواردی به این شرح اشاره کرد:
شیرین ها: نمونه بارز آن، خوراکی های شیرین مانند همین شیرینی ها است. این مسئله درباره شیرینی های چرب از حساسیت بیشتری برخوردار است. از این نوع شیرینی ها می توان به انواع سوهان، قطاب، باقلوا، حلوا شکری، نان پنجره ای، شیرینی های حاوی چربی بالا و خامه ای و… اشاره کرد.
چرب ها: یکی از علت های بروز رفلاکس معده، خوردن غذاهای چرب است. این تنها به خوردن غذاهایی که به طور واضح روغن چکان هستند، محدود نمی شود. خوردن شیرینی های تهیه شده با روغن زیاد یا روغن جامد، انواع غذاهای حاضری، غذاهای خانگی با چربی زیاد و… همگی باعث بروز رفلاکس می شوند. چون معده برای هضم این خوراکی ها اسید بیشتری از خود ترشح می کند.
تند ها: این خوراکی ها نیز باعث تحریک ترشح اسید معده و بروز رفلاکس می شود. در این میان می توان به انواع سس های تند، غذاهای حاضری تند، ادویه دار و… اشاره کرد. به این فهرست انواع شور، ترشی، خیارشور و… را هم اضافه کنید.
کافئینی ها: وقتی روزتان را با خوردن یک لیوان چای یا قهوه شروع کرده و در طول روز هم حداقل دو تا فنجان چای یا قهوه نوش جان می کنید، انتظار دارید معده تان صحیح و سلامت بماند؟ نوشیدن بیش از حد مایعات به ویژه آنهایی که حاوی کافئین هستند، باعث بروز رفلاکس می شود.
آبکی ها: خوردن این خوراکی ها هم می تواند زمینه ساز بروز رفلاکس و یا تشدید علائم شود. به ویژه اگر این خوراکی ها در حالتی خورده شود که معده خالی است و بعد از آن نیز آب یا نوشیدنی دیگری خورده شود. ایجاد حالت آبکی در معده باعث افزایش ترشح اسید معده می شود.
جوش شیرین دارها: اگر اهل خریدن شیرینی از شیرینی فروشی خاصی هستید و بعد از خوردن آن دچار مشکلی نمی شوید، این مربوط به ترکیبات مورد استفاده برای تهیه شیرینی در آن شیرینی فروشی خاص است. به احتمال زیاد، شیرینی فروشی مورد نظر برای پف کردن انواع نان و شیرینی ها و یا ور آمدن خمیر آنها، از «جوش شیرین» استفاده نمی کند. بنابراین شیرینی را از شیرینی فروشی های مطمئن بخرید.
نوع لباس: این لباس های تنگ و باریک و … که می پوشیم، باعث فشار آمدن به دستگاه گوارش به ویژه معده شده و باعث بروز رفلاکس می شود. این حالت با کمی خوردن غذا تشدید می شود.
چربی های موضعی: یکی از مهم ترین نوع چربی های موضعی که می تواند باعث بروز رفلاکس به طور غیرمستقیم شود، تجمع چربی در ناحیه شکم و کمر است. شکم بزرگ باعث فشار آمدن به معده می شود.
استرس و اضطراب: مثلا برای اینکه به موقع در منزل اقوام حاضر شوید و استرس هم نداشته باشید کمی زودتر از خانه بیرون بروید. این مسئله باعث جلوگیری از اضطراب و استرس شده، خطر بروز رفلاکس را کاهش می دهد.
مهتاب خسروشاهی
*** Tre feste di matrimonio? Ora Quello‘sparo.
Sabato 13 novembre Paris Hilton e marito Carter Reum tornarono al luogo in cui si scambiarono i voti, la tenuta di Bel-Air, in California, del defunto nonno della sposa, Barron Hilton, per ospitare un secondo ricevimento per celebrare il loro nuovo matrimonio. La 40enne mondana e star dei reality aveva sposato suo marito, un imprenditore, nella proprietà solo due giorni prima. Il giorno dopo, la coppia ha ospitato una festa a tema carnevalesco al neon al molo di Santa Monica.
Al loro secondo ricevimento, che tecnicamente ha segnato la loro terza festa di matrimonio come coppia sposata, Paris ha indossato un abito semitrasparente a maniche lunghe adornato con scintillanti stelle d’argento, segnando l’ultimo di una serie di molti look da sposa che ha mostrato questa settimana. Carter, 40 anni, indossava un completo nero a tre pezzi.
Alla festa, la sposa, che ha ottenuto un successo nel 2006 con il suo singolo “Stars Are Blind”, e lo sposo sono stati raggiunti da membri della loro famiglia e da star come Jaden Smith, Kate Beckinsale, Macy Gray e Sofia Richie. Mental Health Benefits of Meditation
You can perform meditation anytime and anywhere, I think this is the biggest benefit of meditation. Various studies show that regular meditation has great effects on mental health. Such benefits begin from reduced stress to reduced symptoms of depression and other major chronic mental health issues. Similarly, we have so many countless
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مستقل (فک رهن) نخواهد بود (صدقی، 1392: 91-93). اقلیت اعضای کمیسیون حقوقی دادگستری استان تهران هم در نظریه مورخ 13/9/1382 هم بر این باورند که فک رهن همانند مفاصا حساب شهرداری و مالیاتی، از لوازم اجرای حکم تنظیم سند رسمی است. بنابراین، هنگام صدور حکمِ الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی، با آوردن قید حفظ حقوق مرتهن در حکم، حقوق او محفوظ است و دعوای فک رهن نیز در دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی مستتر است و از این رو، نیازی به طرح دعوای جداگانه در این خصوص نیست. در مقابل، گروهی از دادگاهها طرح دعوای الزام به فک رهن را در کنار دعوای تنظیم سند رسمی لازم میشمرند. برای نمونه، دادنامۀ شماره 901474 مورخ 27/11/90 صادره از شعبۀ 31 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران، که مورد تأیید شعبۀ 59 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران در دادنامه شماره 910764 - 26/6/91 قرار گرفته است، اعلام میدارد: دعوای الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی نسبت به ملکی که در رهن قرار دارد، به تنهایی قابلیت استماع ندارد و باید به عنوان یکی از موارد خواسته، الزام به فک رهن نیز طرح گردد؛ وگرنه قرار رد دعوا صادر میشود. این رویکرد در دادنامه شماره 910217 - 5/4/91 صادره از شعبه 217 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران و دادنامه شماره 910366 - 29/9/91 صادره از شعبه 51 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران نیز پذیرفته شده است. اکثریت اعضای کمیسیون حقوقی دادگستری استان تهران نیز در نظریه مورخ 13/9/1382 چنین اظهار عقیده کردهاند: فک رهن خود نوعی دعواست و الزام به فک رهن در واقع موجب انحلال عقد رهن و یک رابطه حقوقی است، و از این رو، ضرورت دارد که خواهان ضمن تقدیم دادخوست الزام به تنظیم سند، به عنوان دعوای دوم فک رهن را هم بخواهد (ر. ک.: صدقی، 1392: 92).
به نظر میرسد که اگر مقصود خواهان (خریدار)، تنظیم سند رسمی ملک به نام خود بدون فک رهن باشد، امکان تنظیم سند به نام منتقلالیه با حق مرتهن قابل جمع نیست، چرا که چنین عملی با حقوق طلبکار منافات دارد و او برای استفاده از حق رهن و فروش مال مرهون و استیفای طلب خود از محل آن مال، ناچار به طرح دعوای ابطال سند رسمی انتقال خواهد شد، که موجب ضرر او خواهد بود. شعبه 18 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران در دادنامه شماره 9301005 - 3/8/93، در تأیید دادنامه شماره 9300177 مورخ 26/3/1393 صادره از شعبه 207 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران، در همین زمینه اظهار میدارد: «پلاک ثبتی مبحوثعنه بنا بر مفاد پاسخ استعلام ثبتی مضبوط در پرونده در قید رهن بانک مسکن بوده که بانک مرتهن علیرغم توافق با تجدیدنظرخواه انتقال سند را منوط به تودیع کامل وجهالرهانه و تسویه حساب اعلام نموده است که تاکنون پلاک موصوف از قید رهن خارج نشده است و بنا بر تصریح رأی وحدت رویه شماره 620 مورخ 20/8/1376 هیأت عمومی دیوان عالیکشور هرگونه نقل و انتقال نسبت به املاک رهنی غیرنافذ میباشد. بنابراین دادنامه تجدیدنظرخواسته در این قسمت که بر همین اساس صادر گردیده خالی از هرگونه ایراد و اشکالی بوده است و دادگاه ضمن رد درخواست تجدیدنظرخواهی... دادنامه معترضعنه {صدور قرار رد دعوای خواهان} را تأیید و استوار مینماید». همچنین، در دادنامه شماره 920378 مورخ 7/3/92 صادره از شعبه 2 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی شهرستان قدس و دادنامه شماره 9201162 - 30/8/92 از شعبه 50 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران نیز تصریح شده است: «راهن نمیتواند در رهن تصرفی کند که منافی حق مرتهن باشد مگر به اذن مرتهن و بدیهی است انتقال رسمی مورد معامله که در ترهین بانک است مخل به حقوق مرتهن خواهد بود».
شعبه 4 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران در دادنامه شماره 951095 مورخ 29/10/1395، شعبه 32 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران در دادنامه شماره 890766 مورخ 18/10/89، شعبه 155 دادگاه عمومی تهران در دادنامه شماره 910155 - 29/9/91 و شعبه 52 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران در دادنامه شماره 910097 - 23/11/91، شعبه 128 دادگاه عمومی حقوقی تهران در دادنامه شماره 9101107 مورخ 22/12/91 و شعبه 37 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران در دادنامه شماره 920314 - 8/4/92 نیز در فرضی که خریدار بدون آنکه الزام به فک رهن را تقاضا کند، تنها الزام فروشنده (راهن) را به تنظیم سند رسمی انتقال از دادگاه خواسته است، دعوای خواهان مبنی بر الزام به تنظیم سند رسمی ملکی را که در بازداشت یا رهن دیگری بوده، در وضعیت فعلی قابلیت استماع ندانسته و قرار رد دعوا یا عدم استماع آن را صادر نمودهاند. البته ممکن است خریدار مال مرهون، همان مرتهن باشد، که در این فرض شعبۀ 59 دادگاه تجدیدنظر استان تهران در دادنامه شماره 810824 - 29/6/91 اظهار مینماید: «مرتهن همان خریدار است که درخواست الزام راهن بایع را به تنظیم سند رسمی نموده است به لحاظ وجود وحدت خریدار با بستانکار عملاً حقوق بانک در هنگام تنظیم سند محفوظ مانده است و قادر به تأدیه بخشی از ثمن مبیع جهت عین مرهونه که نزد خود بانک در وثیقه [بوده] میباشد».
در مقابل، اگر مقصود خواهان (خریدار) از طرح دعوای الزام به تنظیم
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alcuni punti:
• Difesa della libertà di associazione e di coscienza
• Opposizione alle proposte di legge svantaggiose per la Chiesa
• La scuola pubblica non doveva intralciare la privata(gestita quasi sempre da religiosi)
• Insegnamento della religione cattolica nelle scuole pubbliche
• Opposizione al divorzio
Alle elezioni del 1913 (le prime a suffragio universale maschile)grazie a questo accordo i liberali ottennero la maggioranza.
La guerra di Libia
La guerra all'Impero Turco-Ottomano per la conquista della Libia fu imposta a Giolitti dal mondo della finanza (gli industriali già si erano insediati a Tripoli con le loro compagnie di navigazione, le società commerciali e le banche), dai militari, dai cattolici, dagli intellettuali nazionalistici (D'Annunzio e Futuristi), dai socialisti (che volevano uno sbocco per la nostra migrazione. Spinto da queste pressioni, il 28 settembre 1911 Giolitti dichiara guerra alla Turchia. Nel corso della guerra l'Italia conquistò anche le isole greche di Rodi e del Dodecaneso, anch'esse sotto la dominazione turca. La pace fu siglata il 18 ottobre 1912. L'Italia ottenne la Libia e mantenne il possesso delle isole egee fino al 1943.
La caduta di Giolitti
La conquista della Libia non fu sufficiente a rendere Giolitti popolare infatti l'ala più conservatrice del suo partito gli contestava l'eccessiva accondiscendenza verso le rivendicazioni popolari. Intanto nel 1906 nasceva la C.G.L. (Confederazione Generale dei Lavoratori), nel 1910 la Confederazione dell'Industria e dell'Agricoltura. Giolitti si dimise il 10 marzo 1914 e fu sostituito da Antonio Salandra che ebbe un atteggiamento fermo e risoluto nei confronti del movimento operaio. Nelle Marche e in Romagna le agitazioni di piazza ,capeggiate da Benito Mussolini e Pietro Nenni (settimana rossa dal 7 al 13 giugno 1914) furono ben presto sedate dal governo. Yellowstone National Park may undergo changes if proprosed energy projects are approved.
Credit: NASA Earth Observatory
From NASA's Earth Observatory:
Yellowstone National Park sits atop vast, ancient, and still-active volcanic plumbing. Heat radiates off of an underground magma chamber, fueling Yellowstone’s ten thousand hot springs, mud pots, terraces, and geysers. But some proposed energy projects just outside the park’s borders have some people fearing that Old Faithful and other wonders could be sapped of their energy.
“If geothermal development outside of the park begins,” says researcher Rick Lawrence of Montana State University, “we need to know whether it's going to cause Old Faithful to suddenly stop spewing.”
The top image above is a natural color view of Yellowstone, captured on July 13, 1999, by the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) on the Landsat 7 satellite. The borders of the park—which stretches between Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho—are marked in yellow. The white box marks the Mammoth Hot Springs, which Lawrence and Montana State colleague Shannon Savage have been studying closely with satellite and airborne tools.
The lower series of maps depicts the heat content they found in Earth's crust beneath Mammoth Springs, as observed by the heat-sensitive channels on ETM+ and on the Thematic Mapper on Landsat 5. The energy level broadly rises (becoming a deeper red) in the 1980s to late 1990s to a peak in 2000, followed by subsiding through the 2000s.
Earth's crust radiates heat because it is warmed by the Sun—the ground absorbs solar energy, and then reemits some of it back into space at longer wavelengths. Landsat and other satellites can detect some of these emissions. But in Yellowstone, the total emissions include energy produced by the Earth itself, or geothermal energy.
To estimate changes in the geothermal system, Lawrence and Savage selected one image per year from 1986 to 2007 (with a few gaps due to cloud cover) and subtracted the average solar heat reflected and emitted from the land surface over the study period. They were left a broad view of the energy coming from geothermal changes, which they compared to specific geothermal events from the time period.
Minerva Terraces was one such event. In 1998, mineral-rich, near-boiling water bubbled over Minerva's broad steps, depositing calcite on the face of each terrace. Heat-loving organisms colored the white surface pink, yellow, and green. But a year later, the Terraces were abandoned. "There was no steam, no color, and the formation started crumbling away because it was very soft calcite," says Savage.
Minerva’s colorful ecosystem—which lies within the wider Mammoth Basin area—collapsed because the hot water stopped flowing. The subsidence appears to be reflected in the changes shown in the maps above.
The new research gives scientists clues as to how geothermal events may or may not be connected underground. If two wide areas change in similar patterns and time frames, they might share the same plumbing. For example, the Norris Geyser Basin and Mammoth Hot Springs were long thought to be connected. But Lawrence and Savage did not find any common trends in the two sites, suggesting that they may not be connected.
Looking to the geothermal energy developments, scientists may be monitor whether there are connections between activities outside the park and the natural monuments inside the park. Il troppo successo da sempre più alla testa di queste giovani ragazze che, non contente di tutto ciò che hanno, devono sempre mettersi nei guai. È il turno dell’ereditiera Paris Hilton: ieri è stata arrestata, con altre persone, dalla polizia sudafricana a Port Elizabeth per possesso di marijuana dopo il match calcistico Brasile-Olanda.
Per sua fortuna, dopo essere andata in tribunale vestita con un cardigan beige, stivali, pantaloni verdi e con uno smagliante collier di perle, è stata subito rilasciata, poiché come spiega un magistrato inquirente durante un comunicato, le accuse nei suoi confronti sono state ritirate.
Ecco come si sono svolte le cose: la Hilton è stata arrestata allo stadio Mandela Bay insieme a un’altra donna, Jennifer Rovero, una fotografa freelance, la quale si è dichiarata colpevole e dovrà pagare una multa. Dawn Miller, l’agente dell’ereditaria, ha inviato un comunicato alla CNN in cui ha spiegato quanto segue:
L’incidente è stato un malinteso causato da un altro componente del gruppo. Le autorità si sono scusate per l’errore visto che lei non aveva niente a che fare con quanto accaduto.
Sarà tutto vero o la fotografa freelance, magari sotto pagamento, si è dichiarata colpevole per liberare Paris Hilton da qualsiasi accusa? Mbatan batata, lezzetli malzemelerin bir kombinasyonu ile doldurulmuş kızarmış patates dilimlerinden oluşan bir Libya yemeğidir. Dolgu tipik olarak kıyma (dana veya kuzu), soğan, ekmek kırıntıları, maydanoz, sarımsak, chili biberi, yumurta ve tereyağından oluşur.
Patatesler önce ikiye bölünür, iki dilim dolguyla doldurulabilmesi için tabanda birleştirilir. Daha sonra yumurta ve galeta ununa bulanıp kızgın yağda kızartılır. Bu lezzetli yemek genellikle başlangıç olarak servis edilir ve özellikle Ramazan ayında popülerdir. Sobre este cursoOmitir Sobre este curso
In Promotion of Healthy Ageing, we will explore key lifestyle-related factors that are modifiable and influential in our well-being in old age, such as diet, physical activity, stress and sleep. By looking closely at the different aspects of lifestyle behaviours and their impact on our health as we get older, we can take action and promote healthy habits in ourselves and those we care for.
In this course, we will learn how it is never too late to modify our lifestyle and engage in healthy behaviours, and we will address health promotion strategies for older adults. This is important to keep in mind, especially when caring for older adults who may need support in their everyday lives to reduce their risk for chronic and debilitating diseases, such as dementias, cardiovascular diseases and musculoskeletal conditions, and improve the quality of life.
One does not need to be a carer for an older person to benefit from this course, the principles of healthy ageing can be applied to you, your family members, your friends, or any person who wants to commit to an active lifestyle.
Lo que aprenderásOmitir Lo que aprenderás
- How modifiable lifestyle-related factors influence healthy ageing.
- How a multidomain approach is key for the prevention of diseases and disorders in old age.
- Strategies to help adults implement lifestyle habits for the promotion of healthy ageing.
Plan de estudiosOmitir Plan de estudios
Introduction to key lifestyle-related factors influencing healthy ageing, and related concepts.
Section 2: Lifestyle-related factors: first principles
Learn more about how a healthy diet, regular physical activity and proper management of vascular and lifestyle-related factors relate to well-being in old age.
Section 3: Lifestyle-related factors: cognitive and socioemotional aspects
It is essential to know that the cognitive, emotional and social aspects about a person's lifestyle are important for healthy ageing too.
Section 4: Long-term perspectives in healthy ageing
After learning about key lifestyle-related factors, get familiar with the topics of behavioural change and trends in dementia prevention for the long-term support of healthy habits.
Conoce a tus instructores
Obtén un Certificado Verificado para destacar los conocimientos y las habilidades que adquieras$49 USD
Oficial y verificado
Obtén un certificado con la firma del instructor y el logotipo de la institución para demostrar tus logros y aumentar las posibilidades de conseguir trabajo
Fácil de compartir
Agrega el certificado a tu currículum o publícalo directamente en LinkedIn
El certificado te da un motivo más para completar el curso
Apoya nuestra labor
edX, una organización sin fines de lucro, se sustenta con los certificados verificados para financiar la educación gratuita para todo el mundo
Both projects are unique partnerships of academic institutions, industry partners and governmental agencies, and have been supported by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT Health), which promotes entrepreneurship and innovation in healthy living and active ageing, and improvements in healthcare. More information on the CARE Campus courses, work and resources can be found at https://care-campus.eu. 荷兹利亚医疗中心 - 概览
荷兹利亚医疗中心(HMC)是一家私立医院，提供世界级医疗服务。HMC率先在以色列提供私人医疗服务，是以色列首家开展心脏手术、神经外科手术、内窥镜手术等复杂手术的私立医院。HMC也是首家采用CT扫描、导管插入设施、细胞遗传学实验室、重症监护病房甚至精神病房的私立医院。
HMC还率先获得了美国蓝十字蓝盾的全部认证，多年来一直保持该认证。HMC也得到了卫生部的全面批准，准予开展所有手术和其他复杂医疗手术，是唯一获准开展心脏手术、肾脏移植和神经外科手术的私立医院。
HMC医院开设的专项部门致力于协助外国患者治疗。部门可以按病人的需求安排旅行和住宿。HMC是以色列唯一一家接受海外保险公司直接支付的私立医院。对于需要立即治疗的患者，HMC提供空中急救服务。医疗游客可以通过土耳其和俄罗斯办事处联系HMC。该部门的工作人员能使用14种不同的语言进行交流。
HMC拥有100张病床，分布在医院的半私人和私人病房。500名医师组成HMC的医疗团队，并由350名护士和工作人员提供支持。一般来说，HMC每年开展 10,000多例手术，其中心脏直视手术约400例。
数据:
- 医生人数: 500
- 病床数: 100
- 成立年份: 1982
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最近更新在Mar 8, 2018.
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. "Se Ciampi decidesse di non ricandidarsi, perché non considerare anche Ciriaco De Mita?"
Lo ha detto alla festa della Margherita, il cosiddetto braccio destro di Prodi, Arturo Parisi.
Il blog e' sospeso fino ad un recupero della mia condizione psicofisica fortemente minata da questa dichiarazione.
Lascio con una domanda: visto che ci siamo, perche' non mettiamo Calisto Tanzi come governatore della Banca d'Italia? Blood Blisters on Skin
Collection of blood under the skin’s upper layer which is known as epidermis is known as blood blisters. Blood blisters on skin usually occur when the blood gets trapped between two layers of the skin. The blister can be in the size of a pin point or half inch. The symptoms of this condition mainly depend on the causes of this condition. A person suffering from this condition may experience itching, redness and pain. Read on to know more about this condition.
Causes of Blood Blisters
The following are a few important causes of blood blisters on skin.
- Irritation caused physically to the skin due to the usage of uncomfortable
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|Il Postino-The Postman Massimo Troisi|
|Il Postino-The Postman Mario Ruoppolo-Pablo Neruda|
Pablo Neruda: Çok önemli olmalı. At gibi burnundan soluyorsun.
Mario Ruoppolo: Çok önemli, Bay Pablo. Aşık oldum.
Pablo Neruda: Güzel. Ciddi. bir şey değil. Çaresi var.
Mario Ruoppolo: Hayır, çaresi yok, Bay Pablo. Çare istemiyorum, hasta kalmak istiyorum. Aşığım, aşığım, aşığım.
Pablo Neruda: Evet, ama kime aşıksın?
Mario Ruoppolo: Adı Beatrice.
Pablo Neruda: Dante.
Mario Ruoppolo: Bay Pablo?
Pablo Neruda: Dante Alighieri. O da bir Beatrice'e aşık olmuştu. Beatrice'ler sonsuz aşkı uyandırırlar, Mario.
Beatrice'i on dakika boyunca sessiz bir şekilde sadece izleyen Mario ona sadece dört kelime söyleyebildiğini Neruda'ya söylerken elleriyle beş işareti yapması ve bu kelimeler çok iyiydi :)
Mario Ruoppolo: ''Adın ne?'' dedim.
Pablo Neruda: O ne dedi?
Mario Ruoppolo: O ''Beatrice Russo'' dedi.
Pablo Neruda: ''Adın ne?'' iki kelime. Diğer ikisi ne?
Mario Ruoppolo: ''Beatrice Russo'' diye tekrarladım.
Pablo Neruda'nın Mario'ya mecazlarında kullanması için verdiği kitaba Mario'nun son derece özenle dokunuşu insanın tüylerini diken diken ediyor.
Pablo Neruda'nın Hikayesi
''Şair. Ben Antonio. Yanımda Cosme, Domingo, Salvador ve diğerleri var. Hepimiz doğum gününü kutlamak için toplandık. Buna kadeh kaldırıyoruz. Şiirlerini okuduk. Sağlığına içtik. Şimdi şair, sana bir ödül: İnsanlar Canto General'ini kapışıyorlar. Artık hiçbir kopyası bulunmuyor. Ve onu yeniden basacağız. Bize bu şiirleri verdiğin için teşekkürler, Pablo.''
''Şili Cumhuriyeti'nde Senatörken yaşamın inanılmaz zor olduğu elli yılda bir yağmur alan bir bölge olan Pampa'yı ziyarete gitmiştim. Bana oy veren insanları tanımak istemiştim. Bir gün Lota'daki bir kömür madeninden bir adamla tanıştım. Ter ve toz içindeydi. Yüzü, korkunç zorlukların izlerini taşıyordu. Gözleri tozdan kıpkırmızıydı. Nasırlı ellerini uzatıp şöyle dedi: 'Nereye gidersen git bu anı anlat. Aşağıda cehennemde yaşayan kardeşini anlat.' sonra insanın mücadelesini anlatacak, ezilenlerin şiiri olacak bir şey yazmam gerektiğini hissettim. Canto General'i böyle yazdım.''
Pablo Neruda: Sevgili yoldaşlarım: Kaydınızı dinledim ve çok mutlu oldum. Kitabın Şili'de basılmasına çok sevindim. Bu beni çok mutlu etti. Şimdi size burada çok iyi bir dostum olan birini dinletmek istiyorum. Mario Ruoppolo. Burada merhaba demek isteyen bir dostumla birlikte olduğumu söyledim. Konuk olduğum bu güzel ülke ile ilgili güzel bir şey söyle onlara.
Mario Ruoppolo: Beatrice Russo.
Mario Ruppolo ( Massimo Troisi )
|Il Postino|
|Il Postino-The Postman Şiir onu yazana değil ihtiyacı olana aittir|
Senin yazdığın şiirle kızı baştan çıkardığım doğru. Ama o şiir sana ait değil.
Pablo Neruda: Benim yazdığım şiirin bana ait olmadığını mı söylüyorsun?
Evet. Şiir, yazana değil ihtiyacı olana aittir.
Köyün tek kafesini işleten Donna Rosa'nın yeğeni olan Beatrice ve Mario, Neruda'nın nikah şahitliğini yaptığı düğünle evlenirler. Evlilik kutlamalarının yapıldığı gecede Pablo Neruda ve eşi Matilde tutuklama emrinin iptal edildiği yani artık çok sevdikleri ülkeleri Şili'ye dönebileceklerinin sevindirici haberini alırlar. O gece Pablo Neruda'nın okuduğu şiir:
Temiz bir kalple
Saf gözlerle
Güzelliğini övüyorum
Kandan tasma elimde
Sıçrayıp bedenine
Sürülür siye
Orman ya da dalga köpüğünde
Uzanır gibi uzanıyorsun şiirimde.
Kokulu toprakta ya da denizin müziğinde.
Temiz bir kalple
Saf gözlerle
Güzelliğini övüyorum
Kandan tasma elimde
Sıçrayıp bedenine
Sürülür siye
Orman ya da dalga köpüğünde
Uzanır gibi uzanıyorsun şiirimde.
Kokulu toprakta ya da denizin müziğinde.
|Il Postino-The Postman-Postacı|
|Il Postino-The Postman Beatrice Russo-Mario Ruoppolo|
|Il Postino-The Postman Maria Grazia Cucinotta-Massimo Troisi|
1995 - Best Original Dramatic Score (En İyi Film Müziği)
Luis Enriquez Bacalov
Luis Bacalov ile En İyi Film Müziği Oscar Akademi Ödülü'nü kazandı.
|Il Postino Oscar Academy Award|
|1995 Oscar En İyi Film Müziği Ödülü Luis Bacalov Il Postino-The Postman|
Filmin senaristlerinden ve filmde Postacıyı canlandıran Massimo Troisi bu filmi tamamlayabilmek için önemli bir kalp ameliyatını ertelemiş ve film tamamlanır tamamlanmaz da bir kalp krizi geçirerek hayata veda etmişti. Massimo Troisi ne yazık ki filmin eriştiği başarıyı göremedi. ''Il Postino / The Postman'' Massimo Troisi'ye ithaf edilmiştir.
1-Cala di Sotto'daki dalgalar. Küçük olanlar.
2-Dalgalar. Büyük olanlar.
3-Uçurumlarda esen rüzgar.
4-Çalıların arasında esen rüzgar.
5-Babamın hüzünlü ağları.
6-Kilise çanı.
7-Adanın üstündeki yıldızlı gökyüzü.
8-Pablito'nun kalbi.
Il Postino / The Postman (Postacı) Soundtrack
Beatrice ( Luis Bacalov )
Gülüşün bir gül gibi.
Saplanan bir zıpkın, köpüren sular gibi.
Gülüşün aniden gelen, gümüşi bir dalga gibi.
Çıplakken, sadesin
Ellerinden biri gibi.
Pürüzsüz, dünyevi, küçük
Yuvarlak, saydam
Ayın çizgileri, elmanın hatları.
Çıplakken narinsin
Çıplak bir buğday gibi.
Çıplakken Küba geceleri gibi mavisin.
Saçında asmalar ve yıldızlar var.
Çıplakken büyük ve sarısın
Altın rengi bir kilisedeki yaz gibi.
La metafora... Conventional wisdom says that the New Madrid Seismic Zone—which encompasses parts of Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois, and Indiana—presents a major earthquake risk, this predicated on the fact that it produced at least three large earthquakes in a space of three months in late 1811 and early 1812. Yet the zone, named after the town of New Madrid (pronounced “MAD-red”) in southeastern Missouri, is located within the North American plate (not at a plate boundary), and seems a relatively unlikely candidate for producing a devastating quake. New geological ideas and data seem to confirm that the hazard is nowhere near as high as that of California, the part of the country to which New Madrid is sometimes compared. Nevertheless, scientific misconceptions, bureaucratic instincts, the media’s love of a good story, and predictions of doom have combined to reinforce New Madrid’s reputation as a potential apocalyptic disaster area.
With the bicentennial of the New Madrid earthquakes fast approaching, and countless anniversary events planned across the Midwest beginning early next year, heightened awareness of the earthquake risk in the region is inevitable. It also explains why Seth Stein—a professor of Geological Sciences with 35 years of experience studying earthquakes—chose this time to release “Disaster Deferred: How New Science is Changing Our View of Earthquake Hazards in the Midwest” (Columbia University Press), a book that concisely explains what we know (and don’t know) about the hazard, and encourages the formulation of sensible policy that takes account of our newfound understanding.
Stein was kind enough to speak with me by phone from his office at Northwestern University, eager to relate what he’s learned from “twenty years of thinking about New Madrid.” The bottom line, he says, “Is that any 1811/12-style earthquake is very far in the future and the hazard is nowhere near as high as being claimed.”
Let’s begin by talking about the earthquakes that struck the Midwest in 1811 and 1812.
The first thing to realize is that they were big, but nowhere near as big as the image that has gotten out there. You’ll hear claims that they were the biggest earthquakes ever to hit North America, which is not true. In fact, there are about 15 earthquakes of the same magnitude [around 7.0] somewhere in the world every year. And they certainly didn’t ring church bells in Boston—that’s an urban legend.
The earthquakes—on December 16, 1811, January 23, 1812, and February 7, 1812—occurred before the invention of the seismometer. How do we know how big they were?
By taking account of the damage pattern and comparing it to damage patterns of earthquakes that have happened more recently, where we know their magnitude from seismometers.
Which faults are part of the New Madrid system?
The ones that were active in 1811-12—we think—were the Cottonwood Grove fault, the Reelfoot fault, and the North New Madrid fault. There are a lot of other faults in that area and several thousand years ago, different ones were active. What we’re learning is that faults switch on and off. They will be active for a thousand years or so, and then inactive for several thousand years. And then other faults may become active. From a scientific standpoint, that’s the really exciting thing we’ve learned from New Madrid. It has been the key to the door that opened up a whole new understanding about how faults inside continents work.
What makes the Global Positioning System (GPS) such an important new tool in earthquake studies?
The way earthquakes work is that energy is stored up in the ground for hundreds of years. Then it’s released in an earthquake—like a spring. A seismometer tells us what happens during an earthquake, but GPS lets us see what’s happening between earthquakes. It lets us see the ground storing up that energy and deforming.
When we look at faults around the world, we see them storing up that energy. So when we first put markers in the ground and measured the position of the Midwestern fault lines we were surprised that we didn’t see any motion at New Madrid. We concluded that there’s no sign that a big earthquake is on the way.
So why do the National Seismic Hazard Maps show New Madrid equaling or exceeding the earthquake hazard of California?
Until the mid-1990s they didn’t. Then [the United States Geological Survey] changed the computer program used to produce the maps, and that drove the hazard up enormously. It used to be about a quarter to a third of that of California, which is sort of reasonable. But then for complex bureaucratic reasons they decided to change the method. Traditionally we have defined seismic hazard as the shaking we might expect on average once every five hundred years. But for New Madrid they decided to make it the biggest shaking one might expect every 2,500 years, and that raised the hazard. The question is whether it’s physically meaningful or not. The answer is: probably not.
What other factors have contributed to the New Madrid earthquake hazard getting blown out of proportion?
If you think of swine flu, or SARS, or Y2K, you’ll notice a pattern [that emerges]. Government agencies tend to exaggerate, the media likes to hype these things, and we all like to hear these stories.
What effect did Iben Browning’s infamous prediction [that a major earthquake would occur in the New Madrid seismic zone within a few days of December 3, 1990] have?
It had some effect. The way I think about it is that it set fire to logs that had been stacked there. The government had been telling people that there was a huge earthquake danger, so when someone said, “An earthquake is about to happen,” everybody was prepared to believe it. And the government has continued to warn of these apocalyptic events—that thousands of people are going to die and there will be billions of dollars of damage. They keep putting these messages out, so people have been pre-conditioned to believe them.
So the bottom line is Midwesterners don’t need to be particularly worried?
We will continue to have small earthquakes, many of which are aftershocks of 1811-12. But it doesn’t look like we need to worry about an 1811-style earthquake for many hundreds of years—perhaps even longer. The danger of earthquakes in the Midwest is about 1/10th that of California.
Based on GPS data, might there soon be a big earthquake in an area where the public doesn’t expect one?
We haven’t found one in this country, though a good example would have been the [magnitude 7.9] earthquake that happened [in May 2008] in Sichuan Province, China. The Seismic Hazard map didn’t show it as very dangerous, but
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د کردم ارتباطات شبکه باورنکردنی برقرار کردم و با اسکات گفتگوی عالی داشتم.
اسکات در سخنرانی ، ارائه و کتاب خود مطابق با کتاب خود است. اسکات آن را Unbook می نامد. فصل ها کوتاه و هضم آسان هستند. رویکردی گفتگویانه با کتاب وجود دارد. و هنگامی که اولین پاورقی را بخوانید ، خواهید خندید ... پس از آن هر پاورقی را می خوانید. باید بخوانید
اگرچه من با این کتاب به پایان نرسیده ام ، اما من توانایی اسکات را در پیچیدن بیش از حد وظایف پیش رو برای بازاریابان - خصوصاً در مورد استفاده از رسانه های اجتماعی در مورد کارها - تحسین می کنم. من می دانم که بسیاری از سخنرانان ، نویسندگان و مشاوران برتر قادر به انجام این کار هستند ، ممکن است اسکات یکی از بهترین ها باشد. آنها قادرند به دور از همه سر و صدا تمرکز کرده و بر روی مسائل واقعی تمرکز کنند.
یک مبحث در این کتاب ، مرور اجمالی ساده در مورد چگونگی پیاده سازی شرکت ها از شبکه های اجتماعی در سه مرحله ساده بود. من می خواهم 2 سنت خود را به هر کدام اضافه کنم - آنها کلمات اسکات نیستند.
- اتخاذ - به دست آوردن چیزی به اندازه شبکه های اجتماعی قدرتمند می تواند هم ترسناک باشد و هم کارساز باشد. اندازه گیری نتایج می تواند بسیار دردناک باشد. در نتیجه ، بسیاری از شرکت ها به جای اینکه کاملاً به توانایی های خود در ایجاد دهان به دهان ، اقتدار ، شهرت و تجارت بعدی - مستقیم یا از طریق مراجعه - پی ببرند ، رسانه های اجتماعی را به کلی کنار گذاشته اند.
- حرکت - هنگامی که فهمیدید واقعاً چه چیزی کار می کند (اینجا جایی است که استفاده از a ایده خوبی است) مشاور شبکه های اجتماعی… و در نتیجه پاها را به سمت آتش نگه دارید) ، مرحله بعدی ممکن است بیشتر وقت گیر باشد. رسانه های اجتماعی دوومیدانی نیستند ... یک ماراتن هستند. طول می کشد تا فرورفتگی شبکه های اجتماعی و وبلاگستان از شما یادداشت شود و رشد کند. رها شدن در اینجا نیز معمول است. یک فضای کاملاً رقابتی در شبکه های اجتماعی ممکن است ماهها یا حتی یک یا دو سال طول بکشد تا بتواند از محتوای عالی استفاده کند. سایت خود را از اهداف خود از دست ندهید و در مسیر خود باشید!
- توسعه - این زمانی است که سرگرم می شود. شما با استراتژی خود چند دومینو را ناکام گذاشته اید و اکنون به سادگی نیاز به ارائه مدیوم های جدید ، مخاطبان جدید و ایده های جدید برای اجرا دارید. شما در حال حاضر نتیجه می گیرید ... رئیس شما خوشحال است ... این سازمان در شبکه های اجتماعی خرید کرده است و شما از مزایای آن بهره مند می شوید. فرهنگ سازمان شما حتی از درون به داخل تغییر می کند زیرا شفافیت را نشاط آور می دانید. کارمندان شما در کانون توجه هستند ، مشارکت می کنند و خوشحال هستند. و طرفداران و طرفداران شما اکنون با سرعت بالایی در حال رشد هستند.
یک کپی از بازاریابی نکردن به محض اینکه توانستی. این کتاب متوسط بازاریابی شما نیست که پر از موارد واضح است. اسکات شرکت ها را تشویق می کند که به جای گرفتن نتایج وحشتناک با تلاش های بازاریابی بسیار بی خطر و معمولی ، ریسک (هوشمند) کنند. بازاریابی را متوقف کنید. شروع به درگیر شدن کنید. Robert Griffin III, takasla oyun kurucuyken, bacakları sayesinde bir yıldız oldu. Ve şimdi Michelangelo’nun sözleriyle, o çok ünlü bacaklarını bazı cüretkar dövmelerle kapladı..
Griffin siyah-gri uzmanı ziyaret etti Güzel Batı Şelalesi tüm Teenage Mutant Ninja Kaplumbağalarını ve ayrıca Marvel süper kahramanı Kara Panter’i içeren bir bacak kılıfı elde etmek için. TMZ’ye göre, Westfall daha önce Incredible Hulk ve Goku’ya dövme yaptırmıştı. "Ejder Topu Z" bacağında.
Dövmeler iki maraton seansında yapıldı. Michelangelo, Leonardo, Donatello ve Raphael Cumartesi günü 12 saatlik bir seansta dövüldüler, Griffin sadece UFC dövüşlerini izlemek için birkaç mola verdi ve (umarız) birkaç dilim hatmi ve guacamole pizza al. Griffin, ertesi gün T’ye sahip olmak için beş saat daha geri döndü.'Challa bacağının arkasına ekledi.
NFL’de oynamanın inanılmaz bir acı toleransı ve dayanıklılık gerektirdiğini biliyoruz, ama kahretsin ki,'RGIII tarafından bazı etkileyici oturma.
Şimdi bir bacak bitti, yapabiliriz'Griffin ve Westfall’ın diğer bacak için neler yapabileceğini görmek için beklemeyin. Griffin hakkında ne düşündüğünüzü bize bildirin'yeni mürekkep. ASIA NEWS NETWORK
WE KNOW ASIA BETTER
Publication Date : 16-06-2014
The discovery of a hundred never-before-seen paintings of deities, animals and musical instruments on the walls of Cambodia's Angkor Wat excited archaeologists worldwide when details came out in a journal last month.
The paintings, which cannot be seen by the naked eye, speak of a time when the Unesco World Heritage site underwent a transformation from a Hindu temple to a Buddhist one under 16th century leader King Ang Chan.
The man behind what experts call a "significant discovery" is a Singaporean: 35-year-old Noel Hidalgo Tan, who stumbled upon the markings in 2010 while volunteering at an excavation project at the 12th century site.
He was wandering around the temple during his lunch break when he spotted patches of faint red pigment in the chambers of the temple's uppermost tier.
He took photos of the spots as they looked similar to the prehistoric markings he had seen in Southeast Asian caves - his main area of research as a final year PhD student at the Australian National University (ANU).
But he did not know he was on to something special. "It's a site that thousands of people pass by every day and hundreds of researchers have worked on. I didn't think it was something new and unexplored," he said.
Comprising 900-year-old towers, a large moat and bas-relief carvings of Hindu gods, Angkor Wat is one of the largest religious monuments in the world and features on Cambodia's national flag.
It was only in 2012, when Tan showed the markings to Cambodian researchers, that he realised their significance.
Tan then ran the images through the DStretch programme, which plays up colour differences and helps to distinguish between similar shades of colours.
He dedicated the next four months or so to analysing the paintings and setting them in the context of Angkor Wat's history, alongside archaeologist Im Sokrithy from the Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (Aspara).
Sokrithy, also head of communications at Apsara, said researchers have known of the existence of most of these paintings. "But we have not had the technology to document them in such detail and with such clarity."
The duo put out a paper on the subject earlier this month in Antiquity, a quarterly archaeological research journal.
It made waves in the archaeology community and Tan's findings have been featured in international publications such as Time, Smithsonian and the Daily Mail.
The paper details the hundred newly discovered paintings and another hundred markings which Tan documented. He grouped these paintings into five themes.
The paper notes that the paintings comprise a mixture of graffiti by pilgrims and visitors from the 16th century to the recent past and commissioned work by King Ang Chan and his successors.
The graffiti reflects everyday life and depicts, for instance, buildings and livestock such as horses. The commissioned drawings, distinguished by their schematic and elaborate nature, reflect a time when the temple was converted from a Hindu one to a Buddhist one. They include drawings of Buddhist stupas and Buddha meditating.
Experts, such as archaeologist Damian Evans of the University of Sydney, say the findings show there is still a lot to be learnt at historic sites which welcome millions of visitors every year.
But Tan is leaving the images he processed and his findings at Angkor Wat to other scholars.
Apsara, for instance, hopes to build on the interest generated by Tan's findings and is looking into ways to preserve and present the paintings to visitors.
Said Tan: "I believe that there's more to be learnt about these 15th century paintings... like from maritime academics on the types of ships that were dep
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که به تشخیص رئیس و تصویب مجلس خواهد رسید اگر بخواهید جلسه بعدازظهر تشکیل بدهید باید مجلس تصویب کند.
نماینده مردم گرمسار در مجلس شورای اسلامی خطاب به رئیس مجلس گفت: آقای دکتر شما کاری کردید و جلسات را روز دوشنبه گذاشتید که عملا کمیسیون های مجلس یک ساعت و نیم باید جلسه داشته باشند و صحن علنی ۱۶ ساعت جلسه باید داشته باشد واقعا اگر می خواهید مجلس را از کیفیت بیندازید هیات رئیسه خودش تصمیم بگیرد. آئین نامه این را نمی گوید.
وی افزود: شما در سال ۹۷ از ما اجازه گرفتید برای تشکیل صحن علنی در روز دوشنبه، آن هم برای تا پایان سال ۹۷، ۱۵ نفر از اعضای کمیسیون شخصا نامه آوردند و گفتند که این تقاضای شما تا پایان سال ۹۷ است، آن را به حالت اول برگردانید اما پاسخی از ناحیه شما شنیده نشد، تغییر جلسه دوشنبه ها به سه شنبه ها عملا کمیسیون ها را بی خاصیت کرده است، من استدعا می کنم برای جایگاه مجلس و اینکه مجلس رسالت خود را به درستی انجام دهد این امر تغییر کند.
علی لاریجانی رئیس مجلس شورای اسلامی در پاسخ به این تذکر گفت: آقای کاتب، این موضوع خلاف آئین نامه نبوده است و شما آن را بسط دادید چرا که ماده ۹۷ می گوید که جلسه اگر بیش از ۴ ساعت بود ما رأی گیری کنیم، اینجا یک جلسه مستقل است و قرآن قرائت می شود و مثل بقیه جلسه ها تشکیل می شود لذا استناد شما به ماده ۹۷ وارد نیست.
وی افزود: جلسات مجلس براساس نظرات هیات رئیسه تشکیل می شود و آن را تشخیص میدهد، ما این جا رأی گرفتیم و نمایندگان محترم به این قضیه رأی دادند، ما مباحثه نمیکنیم. 光环下的金正恩
据从一位消息人士手中得到的朝方文件显示：金大将(金正恩)3岁学会了开枪，9岁时可以射中移动的目标。另外，他从3岁开始就学会了开车，在未满8岁那年，驾车在大型货车大量通行的弯曲而倾斜的土沙道路疾驰约120公里，平安到达目的地。文件中还写道：“金大将没有不会的运动，尤其是篮球，胜过一般职业选手。从6岁开始学会骑马，骑术比骑手还要厉害。”
与1998年金正日体制建立时“发射卫星”同样，朝鲜金正恩新体制也将以“发射卫星”宣布新时代开始。按官方的说服金大将无所不能，但在与朝鲜民众通话后后，不禁疑问事实真是如此吗？
Andy2012.04.10 Miranda, Francisco de (fränsēˈskō ħā mēränˈdä) [key], 1750–1816, Venezuelan revolutionist and adventurer. A hero of the struggle for independence from Spain, he is sometimes called the Precursor to distinguish him from Simón Bolívar, who completed the task of liberation. Before he championed the independence of the Spanish colonies, Miranda involved himself in a number of adventures. As an officer in the Spanish army he served under Bernardo de Gálvez in the Spanish attack on Pensacola (1781), when Spain was an ally of the rebels in the American Revolution. He later visited Philadelphia and Boston and met George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and other notables. He traveled widely in Europe, particularly in Russia, where he became a favorite of Catherine the Great. In France he fought in the French Revolutionary Wars; running afoul of the Jacobins he fled to England, where he was helped by William Pitt. Imbued with revolutionary ideas, Miranda sought foreign aid and led (1806) an unsuccessful expedition to the Venezuelan coast. After the start of the revolution in 1810, he returned to Venezuela and soon took a commanding position in the patriot forces. He was dictator for a short time, but after increasing misfortunes, including the loss of Puerto Cabello by Bolívar and a destructive earthquake in Caracas, he surrendered (1812) to the Spanish. Bolívar and other patriots, angered by his capitulation, seized him and turned him over to the Spanish who failed to honor the terms of surrender, deported him to Cádiz, and kept him in a dungeon for the rest of his life.
See History of Don Francisco de Miranda's Attempt to Effect a Revolution in South America by J. Biggs (1808); biography by W. S. Robertson (1929, repr. 1969).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. Ovarian cancer (cancer of the ovaries) is one of the most deadly forms of female cancer. Risk factors include family history, being over 65, infertility, obesity and other factors. Learn more about the causes, symptoms and diagnosis of ovarian cancer, as well as possible treatment methods.
A complex cystic neoplasm of the ovary may be benign or malignant. Read on to discover the risk factors and treatments for this neoplasm.
Is abdominal bloating a symptom of ovarian cancer? Find out more about the association between abdominal bloating and ovarian cancer - and why this is a symptom all women should take seriously.
Ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer both cause growths in the ovary. The difference between ovarian cysts vs. cancer is that cysts are usually benign and require no treatment, whereas ovarian cancer continues to grow and spread to surrounding organs unless the tumor is removed and treated.
Ovarian cancer is a scary diagnosis to get. Read on to learn more about ovarian cancer prognosis and survival rates.
The incidence rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has been slowly increasing in many developed countries over the last 20 years. Life expectancy is determined largely by the stage of disease present at diagnosis.
Clear cell ovarian cancer is a rare and aggressive type of cancer, most common in older women. Learn what it is, signs and symptoms, how it is diagnosed, treatments and risk factors.
Who gets extraovarian peritoneal cancer and what is the prognosis? Can you get the disease if you do not have any ovaries? What is the treatment and how is it diagnosed?
Uterine cancer is one of the most common cancer seen in women. Studies showed that there is an existing relationship between uterine cancer and endometrial thickness or endometrial hyperplasia. Hormones also play some roles in the development of endometrial hyperplasia and uterine cancer.
Bowel obstruction is one symptom of end stage ovarian cancer. At this point ovarian cancer has already metastasized to other areas of the body, including the peritoneal cavity.
Endometrial cancer can be diagnosed and managed by several surgical procedures. These include open hysterectomy, dilatation and curettage, hysteroscopy and laparoscopic hysterectomy. It has been documented that retrograde seeding of endometrial cancer during hysterectomy can sometimes occur. مشاوره برای بیمه های واجب در آلمان
چه بیمه هایی را من در آلمان لازم دارم، چرا؟
فرزند من اتفاقی باعث شده که پای همکلاسی اش در اثر زمین خوردن شکسته شود. این می تواند برای ما بسیار گران تمام شود، یا اینکه من "بیمه شخص ثالث" دارم.
اجاق گاز باعث سوختن پرده و در نتیجه آن خانه شد. من هم به مبل های تازه احتیاج دارم، هم باید خسارت صاحب خانه را پرداخت کنم. برای پرداخت خسارت باید بیمه ی "آتش سوزی" داشته باشم.
"آنتیه گلدهورن" مشاوره بیمه است که به آدم ها برای پیدا کردن بیمه مناسب کمک می کند و در این روز به شما اطلاعات کافی در این باره می دهد.
11.04.2018 چهارشنبه
در فیا
کار مستقل و آزاد در آلمان
کار مستقل و آزاد خود را از کجا شروع کنیم؟
سوالهایی که ممکن است بارها ذهن مارا درگیر خودش کرده باشد: چطور در آلمان کار مستقل کنم؟ برای شروع چقدر پول لازم است؟ چطور باید سرمایه گذاری و خرج کنم که دخل و خرج کار به هم بخورد و ضرر نکنم؟ باید بیشتر از سیستم حسابداری، حسابرسی و مالیات در اینجا بدانم. چه چیزهایی برای این کار لازم دارم و کجا می تونم آموزشهای لازم را ببینم؟ متخصص این امر در این روز به سوالهای شما دراین باره پاسخ می دهد.
چهارشنبه 4 آپریل 2018 ساعت 15 تا 17
در دفتر فیا
نوروز مبارک!
مردمان آسیای مرکزی چطور نوروز را جشن می گیرند؟
نوروز تقریبا در تمام آسیای مرکزی جشن گرفته می شود. برای نوروز در خیلی از کشورها "هفت سین" آماده می کنند، آتش می افروزند و لباس نو می پوشند. در برخی از کشورهای عربی هم این روز جشن گرفته م
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bu yüzden mutlu bir şekilde kabul etti. Tatlı oğlanın boyuna çıplak oturdu ve trakrom sürecinin tadını çıkarmaya başladı. Çeşitli pozisyonları değiştiren, taşıyıcının engebeli üyesi, yoldaşın çalışma deliğini coşkuyla deliyor ve memnun edilen curva, ecstasy ile inleyerek çevikliğini tümüyle aktif olarak deniyor. Genç adam taze spermleri boşaltana kadar, onu güçlü ve güçlü bir orgazmla memnun etmek için zamana sahipti.
en zor xxx video: Con questo comando sarą possibile inserire pił nodi nello spazio, definendo tre allineamenti.
Prima di eseguire questo comando sarą conveniente salvare la struttura gią creata.
- Si
introduca il punto iniziale del primo allineamento; questo punto sarą anche il punto iniziale del secondo
e del terzo allineamento (Per le modalitą di selezione di punti o nodi vedasi Inserimento
di punti o nodi);
- si
introduca il punto finale del primo allineamento; Come Fare un Massaggio Romantico. I massaggi romantici sono più Scegli la musica che metterai, deve essere sexy e avvolgente. La musica giocherà un. Come fare un massaggio rilassante e sensuale al partner Soprattutto per gli uomini, è bello farsi massaggiare da una donna che indossa qualcosa di sexy. Come riscaldare il partner con un massaggio preliminarePer stuzzicare e accendere il desiderio del partner prima di fare l'amore esistono vari. L'intimità non coincide con il sesso ma lo include: ecco come rafforzare il rapporto attraverso il contatto fisico e l'arte del massaggio. Sapreste fare un vero massaggio erotico se lui ve lo chiedesse? Giochi sessuali con il cibo e altre idee sexy Come fare massaggi perfetti. Come Fare un Massaggio alla Tua Partner. Molte persone si godono i massaggi regolarmente, perché li aiutano a sentirsi bene, e ovviamente, fare un. Kanonistik im Zeitalter von Absolutismus und Aufklärung: Spielräume und Potentiale einer Disziplin im Spannungsfeld von Kirche, Staat und Publizität (Canon Law in the Age of Absolutism and Enlightenment: Scope and Potential of a Discipline between Church, State and Publicity)
Christoph H.F. Meyer
Max Planck Society for the Advancement of the Sciences - Max Planck Institute for European Legal History
December 21, 2012
Max Planck Institute for European Legal History Research Paper Series No. 2012-06
This article is devoted to the impact public opinion had on the development of canon law in the 18th century when the Catholic Church was judged increasingly critically and started to shift away from the centre of publicity. In view of the growing influcence public opinion exerted on the Church the question arises whether or not the science of canon law was still able to fulfill its traditional function of defining the universal Church juridically and to expound its law. As regards the second half of the 18th century, historiography traditionally presents a picture of canon law that is characterized by institutional crisis, academic decline and growing dissent (e.g. Juridisctionalism and Febronianism). This article aims at a critical ascertaining the extent of this view.
After a general introduction as well as an overview of the history of canon law and its science in the 18th century the article first deals with the controversy regarding the Bull ‘In Coena Domini’ (1768-1770) which highlights the contemporary debate about Church and state. After a brief outline of the conflict some copper engravings from writings on ‚In Coena Domini‘ and canon law are analyzed with regard to their underlying concepts. Looking at the symbol of light the divergent philosophical and theological views about public opinion become apparent. Finally three examples are taken which show both the different forms of state influence on the development of canon law and the reactions of curialist authors. The respective examples are: the transformation of the science of canon law into a science of Austrian Church law in the age of Maria Theresia (1740-1780), the debate on the promulgatio in acie Campi Florae and the academic study of the so-called public ecclesiastical law (ius publicum ecclesiasticum). As a result of this inquiry a particular sustainability of canon law jurisprudence at the threshold of the modern era becomes apparent.
Note: Downloadable document is in German.
Number of Pages in PDF File: 92
Keywords: canon law, history of canon law, legal history, Catholic Church, Church and State
Date posted: December 22, 2012 ; Last revised: August 5, 2013
© 2015 Social Science Electronic Publishing, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
This page was processed by apollo1 in 0.329 seconds Title: The Not-So-Great Depression
Author: Amy Goldman Koss
Publisher: Roaring Brook Press
Concepts: recession, unemployment, wants and needs, scarcity, budget constraints
Review: Up until the day when their mother lost her high-powered job, Jacki and her siblings had enjoyed a pampered lifestyle: private schools; a fancy car; a large house with a pool in a posh neighborhood; restaurant and takeout meals; a housekeeper, gardener, and driver; and an abundance of clothing, gadgets, and toys. All these perks slowly started to unravel as it became increasingly clear that Mom’s various job interviews were not translating into a job offer, the value of their financial investments would continue to tank, and opportunities for loans were drying up faster than the weather.
As an eternal optimist, Jacki typically saw the brighter side of her family’s regular progression to economize. She had always hated those piano lessons, switching to public school meant that maybe she could go to school with cute Adam B., and new household rules for home-cooked meals seemed to be revealing cooking skills she never knew she had. But even her positive attitude could not diminish the tensions in her household or the hardships that people she knew were experiencing as a result of the great recession.
Chock-full of economic principles, The Not-So-Great Depression helps middle-grade readers better understand the causes of the recent financial crisis and some of the outcomes for families experiencing job loss. Because the story is cloaked in humor, innocence, and teen-age angst, it will draw and entertain readers who would otherwise avoid a novel about economic recession like the plague.
Review by: Rutgers University Project on Economics and Children به گزارش تجارتنیوز، علیرضا رئیسی سخنگوی ستاد ملی مقابله با کرونا درباره واردات واکسن کرونا بیان کرد: تلاشهای خوبی در این زمینه صورت گرفته است و چهار جلسه کاربردی خوب در این زمینه با تمام عوامل موثر داشتیم و حتی رئیس جمهور ما با رئیس جمهور چین در این مورد تلفنی صحبت کردند.
سخنگوی ستاد مقابله با کرونا اعلام کرد: ما تا پایان شهریور قطعا حدود ۳۰ میلیون دُز واکسن وارداتی خواهیم داشت. با یک تفاهمنامه دیگر از مهرماه، ۱۵ میلیون دز واکسن وارداتی دیگر و در آبان نیز ۱۵ میلیون دز دیگر به دستمان میرسد که در تماس تلفنی رئیس جمهور کشورمان با رئیس جمهور چین قرار شد میزان واکسن آبان ماه در همان مهرماه به دستمان برسد بنابراین اگر از الان تا پایان مهر ۶۰ میلیون دز واکسن داشته باشیم میتوانیم تا اول آبان به واکسیناسیون تا سن ۳۰ سال برسیم.
رئیسی در پاسخ به انتقادات به تاخیر در واردات واکسن، تاکید کرد: قبل از این هم تلاش برای واردات صورت میگرفت اما به عنوان مثال تا کشور چین یک میلیارد و ۳۰۰ هزار دُز واکسن تزریق نمیکرد به ما یا سایر کشورها واکسن نمیداد. کشوری مثل کانادا که همپیمان آمریکاست ۳.۷ برابر نیازش واکسن از آمریکا پیشخرید کرده است ولی آمریکا تا زمانی که بالای ۵۰ درصد مردم خود را واکسن نزد، به کانادا واکسن نداد. سبد کووکس و قرارداد خرید واکسن از روسیه و قرارداد با چین اقدامات مهم ما برای واردات واکسن بود و تاکنون بیشترین واکسن را هم کشور چین به ما داده است. اینکه برخی مطرح میکنند پس چرا کشوری مثل آمریکا یا … به فلان کشور همسایه واکسن داد برای این بود که آنها در کارآزمایی بالینی واکسن شرکت کردند و استراتژی ما این نبود. هزاران برگ سند برای اقداماتی که برای واردات واکسن انجام دادیم وجود دارد.
تامین واکسن فایزر و مدرنا از اروپا
رئیسی گفت: رئیس جمهور تاکید کردند اولویت اول دولت بحث کروناست و در ارتباط با تامین ارز برای واکسن هیچ مشکلی نداریم. نهادهای مرتبط نیز تمام تلاش خود را انجام میدهند. نگرانی مردم برای واکسن طبیعی است اما این شبهه که آمریکا به ما واکسن فایزر و مدرنا میداد اصلا درست نیست. ما با یک یا دو کشور اروپایی وارد مذاکره شدیم برای گرفتن واکسن فایزر و مدرنا که اگر کارها خوب پیش برود حتما وارد خواهیم کرد. این موضوع خارج از تعهد کووکس است.
وی افزود: این شبهه وجود دارد که ما گفتیم چون واکسن تولید داخل داریم، واکسن وارد نکنند تا ما واکسنهایمان را بفروشیم. به عنوان کسی که از اول کرونا در ریز به ریز امور قرار دارم، شهادت میدهم اینگونه نیست و اگر واکسن دیر رسید برای این بود که به ما واکسن ندادند. واکسنهایی که وارد میشود توسط سازمان غذا و دارو تایید میشود و اینکه بگویند واکسن با کیفیت بد به دست ما میرسد درست نیست.
وی افزود: درمو
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تم عصبی نخواهد بود.
در موارد زیر نباید مادران سراغ آزمایش CVS بروند
- مادر باردار یک عفونت فعال (به عنوان مثال STD) داشته باشد.
- مادر باردار در حال حمل جنین دوقلو باشد.
- مادر در دوران بارداری خود خونریزی واژینال را تجربه کرده باشد.
که در این صورت، بلافاصله باید با پزشک خود تماس بگیرید. همچنین، اگر شما به عنوان یک مادر باردار شک دارید که مبتلا به عفونت، لکه بینی، گرفتگی و درد در ناحیه شکم بعد از انجام آزمایش CVS شده اید، هم حتما باید دوباره این آزمایش را تکرار کنید.
مراقبت های هفته دوازدهم بارداری
- مادران باردار، در هنگام نشستن باید مراقب تماس بدن خود با یک سطح صاف باشند. در هنگام نشستن در یک جا برای مدت طولانی، باید از گذاشتن یک بالش در پشت خودشان که از کمر آن ها پشتیبانی خواهد کرد، دریغ نکنند. ترجیحا مادران حامله باید سعی کنند بر روی یک صندلی ارگونومیک بنشینند. راه رفتن آرام در اطراف دفتر کار و یا خانه در هفته دوازدهم بارداری و پس از آن، به شل شدن عضلات این مادران کمک بسیاری خواهد نمود.
- مادران باردار باید به یاد داشته باشند که هرگز اقدام به بلند کردن اشیاء سنگین، به ویژه به روش غلط که می تواند مشکلات پشت کمر را تشدید کند، نکنند. اگر هم در دوران بارداری خود مجبور به برداشتن چیزی های بسیار مهم هستید، اول به جای خم کردن بدنتان، چمباتمه بزنید و بعد برای بلند کردن جسم اقدام نمایید. به این ترتیب، وزن جسم توسط پاهای شما گرفته شده و احساس سنگینی را در کمر خود نخواهید داشت.
- اگر شما در دوران بارداری، احساس خستگی کردید یک ماساژ خوب بدن و حمام گرم آرامش بخش خواهد بود. مطلع باشید که ماساژدهنده باید حرفه ای و یا شریک زندگی شما باشد تا بتواند با ماساژ دادن درست و اصولی، به شما کمک کند. اقدام به ماساژ گردن و پاها در دوران بارداری می تواند شما را آرام کرده و اعصابتان را تقویت نماید .
- شما مادران باردار ممکن است با دیدن لکه، یا کک و مکی که بر روی پوست صورت ظاهر شده است، آشفته به نظر برسید. اما نگران نباشید، چون همه این اتفاقات گذرا هستند. در شرایط عادی شما می توانید برای درمان این لکه ها وکک و مک از دوزهای زیادی ویتامین A استفاده کنید. اگر دکترتان تعیین نمود که مصرف ویتامین A با دوز بالا، برای شما در این دوره خطرناک است، سعی کنید برنامه های کاربردی گیاهان طبیعی را پس از مشاوره بیشتر با پزشک معالج خود به کار برید.
هشدارهای هفته دوازدهم بارداری
در شرایط راحت بخوابید
در شرایط راحت و بی خطر بخوابید. سعی کنید در هفته دوازدهم به پشت نخوابید و این به خاطر آن است که وزن رحم میتواند به ورید اجوف تحتانی که قسمت های پایین بدن را خونرسانی میکند فشار آورده و خونرسانی را محدود کند و متعاقب آن ممکن است احساس تنگی نفس کنید.
مراقب تیروئید باشید
تیروئید غدهای پروانهای شکل است که در پایین گردن قرار دارد. هورمونی که این غده ترشح میکند، سوخت و ساز بدن شما را مدیریت میکند. کارکرد نادرست تیروئید هم در خانمهای باردار و هم زنان غیرباردار رایج است. با این حال تشخیص بیماری تیروئید در دوران بارداری اهمیت بسیار زیادی دارد زیرا عملکرد مهار نشده تیروئید میتواند به جنین آسیب برساند.
چه بسا عدم درمان آن گاهی با زایمان زودرس، تشنج و کما در زمان حاملگی، کمبود وزن نوزاد هنگام تولد و پایین بودن ضریب هوشی نوزاد همراه باشد. اما خبر خوب اینکه بیماری تیروئید به راحتی قابل درمان است. تنبلی غده تیروئید با قرصهای هورمون تیروئید درمان میشود.
تغذیه در هفته 12 بارداری
در هفته دوازدهم بارداری صرف 6 وعده غذایی بهجای 3 وعده در روز میتواند مانعترشی معده شود و سطح قند خون را متعادل نگه دارد.خوردن میان وعدهها در روز، به معنای این نیست که مدام به سراغ شکلات و آبنبات بروید!
میان وعدههای غذایی باید بین صبحانه، ناهار و شام و قبل از خواب باشد که فرصت بهتری برای دریافت ویتامینها، مواد معدنی، پروتئین، فیبر و دیگر مواد مغذی است.
- ماست، سبزیجات و میوه تازه بخورید.
- آبمیوه کاملا طبیعی و خنک بنوشید.
- پنیر کمچرب و بیسکویتهای سبوسدار بخورید.
- فلفلهای قرمز یا سبز بخورید.
- نانهای حلقهای با میوههای طبیعی را فراموش نکنید.
- تکههای میوه با کره بادامزمینی بخورید.
- غذاهای حاوی فیبر مانند نانهای سبوس دار، جو و برنج قهوهای بخورید.
- به مقدار زیاد آب بنوشید، حداقل 10 لیوان در روز.
- مواد غذایی را کاملاً پختهشده مصرف کنید تا عفونتها از این طریق وارد بدن شما نشود. گوشت را نیم پز نخورید حتما از پخت کامل آن مطمئن شوید.
- مکمل های آهن میتواند باعث یبوست شود. سعی کنید آنها را با 28 گرم فیبر که برای زنان باردار توصیه میشود، مصرف کنید.
ورزش در هفته دوازدهم
هرگزهنگام ورزش اجازه ندهید که ضربان قلب شما خیلی زیاد بالا برود و از 140 بار در دقیقه فراتر رود. اینکار باعث می شود که بدن گرم شده و جریان خون رحم کمتر شود.
شنا در ی
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American Artists in the Collection of the National Museum of American Art (Washington, D.C.: National Museum of American Art in Association with Pomegranate Art Books, 1992)
Thomas remained single and lived in the same downtown DC home from 1921 until her death in 1978.
Excerpted from the Smithsonian American Art Museum site, https://americanart.si.edu/artist/alma-thomas-4778 Scaramucce allo stadio, la partita tra SOra e Frascati finisce con tre denunce
Finisce con la prima sconfitta del Sora e l’espulsione dell’allenatore della squadra romana il primo tempo dell’incontro di calcio A.S.D.Sora–Lupafrascati.
A questo punto l’espulso allenatore lascia la panchina e raggiunge tra gli spalti i trenta tifosi ospiti.
Il clima si comincia a scaldare durante il secondo tempo quando, ad animare gli animi dei tifosi locali, già delusi dal risultato, ci pensa l’allenatore della squadra ospite che si rivolge loro con gesti provocatori.
L’ulteriore sconfitta della squadra locale determina una brusca reazione dei sorani.
Un ragazzo di ventitre anni di Sora viene bloccato dalla Polizia di Stato mentre tenta di superare la recinzione che separa il settore distinti da quello degli ospiti con il chiaro intento di venire a contatto con i tifosi avversari.
Un altro di ventiquattro anni sempre di Sora è stato identificato dopo aver lanciato un corpo contundente nei confronti della tifoseria ospite.
I due giovani sono stati quindi denunciati per aver compiuto atti di violenza durante lo svolgimento di una manifestazione sportiva.
Analoga sorte è toccata all’allenatore della squadra ospite Prioritizing plant-based sources of iron may be more effective than giving blood at reducing the risk of potentially “ferrotoxic” (iron-related) diseases such as cancer and diabetes.
Subscribe to Dr. Greger’s free nutrition newsletter at http://www.nutritionfacts.org/subscribe and get a free excerpt from his latest NYT Bestseller HOW NOT TO DIE. (All proceeds Dr. Greger receives from the sales of his books, DVDs, and speaking engagements go to support the 501c3 nonprofit that runs NutritionFacts.org.)
What blood donor study? See the “prequel” video Donating Blood to Prevent Heart Disease? (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/donating-blood-to-prevent-heart-disease).
Other examples of when normal lab values are not necessarily ideal can be found in:
• When Low Risk Means High Risk (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/when-low-risk-means-high-risk)
• Optimal Cholesterol Level (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/optimal-cholesterol-level/)
• How Not to Die from High Blood Pressure (http://nutritionfacts.org/video/how-not-to-die-from-high-blood-pressure/)
Even though a plant-based diet may be preferable for personal disease risk, still doesn’t mean we shouldn’t all give blood! Join me in supporting the Red Cross (http://www.redcrossblood.org/donating-blood).
Have a question about this video? Leave it in the comment section at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/donating-blood-to-prevent-cancer and someone on the NutritionFacts.org team will try to answer it.
Want to get a list of links to all the scientific sources used in this video? Click on Sources Cited at http://nutritionfacts.org/video/donating-blood-to-prevent-cancer. You’ll also find a transcript of the video, my blog and speaking tour schedule, and an easy way to search (by translated language even) through our videos spanning more than 2,000 health topics.
If you’d rather watch these videos on YouTube, subscribe to my YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=nutritionfactsorg
Thanks for watching. I hope you’ll join in the evidence-based nutrition revolution!
-Michael Greger, MD FACLM
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• Podcast: http://nutritionfacts.org/audio/ 1. Who needs a NPDES Permit?
Any person discharging pollutants from a point source (direct industrial discharge or municipal wastewater) into the waters of the United States. The permit will probably contain limits on what you can discharge, monitoring and reporting requirements, and other provisions to ensure that the discharge does not hurt water quality.
2. Where do I apply for a NPDES permit?
In most States, the State environmental protection office issues NPDES permits. A few States haven't yet received EPA approval to issue NPDES permits, and in those States you get an permit from an EPA regional office. You may also need to get a State permit from these States.
Here is who you should contact:
The States that do not have permits are:
Alaska (contact EPA Region X)
Arizona (contact Region IX)
Idaho (contact Region X)
Maine (contact Region I)
Massachusetts (contact Region I)
New Hampshire (contact Region I)
New Mexico (contact Region VI)
Texas (contact Region VI)
District of Columbia (contact Region III)
Puerto Rico (contact Region II)
Pacific Territories (contact EPA Region IX)
Federal Indian Reservations (contact the EPA Regional Office where the Tribe is located)
3. Which States have EPA's approval to issue NPDES permits?
4. Is it legal to have wastewater coming out of a pipe into my local receiving water (e.g.lake,stream,river,wetland)?
As long as the wastewater being discharged is covered by and in compliance with an NPDES permit, there are enough controls in place to make sure the discharge is safe and that humans and aquatic life are being protected. To find out if a discharge is covered by an NPDES permit, call the EPA Regional office or the State office responsible for issuing NPDES permits.
5. How do NPDES permits protect water?
An NPDES permit will generally specify an acceptable level of a pollutant or pollutant parameter in a discharge (for example, a certain level of bacteria). The permittee may choose which technologies to use to achieve that level. Some permits, however, do contain certain generic 'best management practices' (such as installing a screen over the pipe to keep debris out of the waterway). Make sure that the States mandatory standards for clean water and the federal minimums are being met.
6. Is there any information available to me on permits in my area?
Yes, there is a national system that provides certain permitting information called the Permits Compliance System (PCS). Click here for more information on PCS. عکس های جالب از بازیکنان رئال مادرید و پاری سن ژرمن در قطر و استقبال از آنان مطالب مرتبط عکس های باورنکردنی خفن از لحظه های واقعی نیمار در اولین بازی برای تیم پاری سن ژرمن خوش درخشید عکس لو رفته از شبنم قلی خانی با چهره ی خنده دار نظرات کاربران (0) برای صرفنظر کردن از پاسخگویی اینجا را کلیک کنید. شما باید وارد شوید تا قادر به ارسال دیدگاه باشید. Today in Baghdad History
Events 1 - 56 of 56
1055-12-19 - Seldjuken under Toghril Beg occupy Baghdad
1258-02-13 - Baghdad falls to the Mongols, and the Abbasid Caliphate is destroyed.
1401-07-09 - Turko-Mongol ruler Tamerlane (Timur) destroys Baghdad, killing 20,000
1534-12-04 - Turkish sultan Suleiman occupies Baghdad
1863-04-21 - Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith, enters gardens of Rivden, near Baghdad. Makes the declaration of aha'u'llah during 12 days spent there
Turkic Conqueror Tamerlane 1899-12-23 - Tentative Turkish & German treaty on construction of Baghdad railway
1902-03-18 - Turkey grants Germany syndicate the first concession to construct a railroad through Turkish territory to Baghdad, to be linked to Berlin
1903-03-05 - Definitive treaty for construction of Baghdad railway drawn up
1907-08-03 - Kaiser Wilhelm (Germany) meets with Czar Nicholas (Russia) to discuss Germany's plan to build a railroad to Baghdad; the discussion helps move Russia towards Britain and eventually the Triple Alliance
1917-03-11 - World War I: Baghdad falls to Anglo-Indian forces commanded by General Stanley Maude.
1941-05-22 - British troops attack Baghdad
1941-05-30 - British Army enters Baghdad, chasing pro-German coup government
1953-08-16 - Shah of Persia & princess Soraya flee to Baghdad & Rome
1955-02-18 - Baghdad Pact signed, making Turkey & Iraq a defense alliance
1955-02-24 - Pact of Baghdad between Iraq & Turkey signed
1955-09-23 - Pakistan signs Pact of Baghdad
1955-10-11 - Persia signs Pact of Baghdad
1956-01-14 - Jordan government refuses to join Pact of Baghdad
1959-03-24 - Iraq withdraws from the Baghdad Pact
1969-01-27 - 14 spies hanged in Baghdad
1991-02-13 - US air raid on the Amiriyah shelter in Baghdad kills more than 408 civilians
1993-06-26 - The U.S. launches a cruise missile attack targeting Baghdad intelligence headquarters in retaliation for a thwarted assassination attempt against former President George H.W. Bush in April in Kuwait.
1998-02-20 - UN Sec-Gen Kofi Annan lands in Baghdad, for peace negotiations
Iraqi President Saddam Hussein 2003-04-07 - U.S. troops capture Baghdad; Saddam Hussein's regime falls two days later.
2003-04-09 - Baghdad falls to U.S. forces ending the invasion of Iraqi but resulting in widespread looting
2003-04-14 - U.S. troops in Baghdad capture Abu Abbas, leader of the Palestinian group that killed an American on the hijacked cruise liner the Achille Lauro in 1985.
2005-08-31 - A stampede on Al-Aaimmah bridge in Baghdad kills 1,199 people.
2005-10-19 - Saddam Hussein goes on trial in Baghdad for crimes against humanity.
2006-03-22 - Three Christian Peacemaker Teams Hostages are freed by British forces in Baghdad after 118 days captivity and the death of their colleague, American Tom Fox.
2007-02-03 - A Baghdad market bombing kills at least 135 people and injures a further 339.
43rd US President George W. Bush 2008-12-14 - President George W. Bush made his fourth and final (planned) trip to Iraq as president and almost struck by two shoes thrown at him by Iraqi journalist Muntadhar al-Zaidi during a farewell conference in Baghdad.
2009-08-19 - A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.
2009-10-25 - The 25 October 2009 Baghdad bombings kills 155 and wounds at least 721.
2009-12-08 - Bombings in Baghdad, Iraq kill 127 and injure 448.
2012-06-04 - Car bomb kills 26 and injures 190 people in central Baghdad, Iraq
2012-06-16 - 32 people are killed by a car bomb in Baghdad
2012-06-22 - Two Baghdad market bombings kill 14 people and injure 106
2012-07-31 - Two car bombs kill 21 people in Baghdad, Iraq
2012-10-28 - 15 people are killed and 33 injured by a series of Baghdad car bombings
2013-01-22 - A series of Baghdad car bombings kill 17 people
2013-02-17 - 37 people are killed and 130 are injured in a series of Baghdad car bombings
2013-02-28 - 28 people are killed and 60 are injured after a series of bombings across Baghdad, Iraq
2013-03-14 - 25 people are killed and 50 are wounded by a series of car bombings in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-04-18 - 27 people are killed and 65 are injured in a cafe bombing in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-06-18 - 31 people are killed and 60 are injured by two suicide bombings in al-Qahira, Baghdad
2013-07-05 - 15 people are killed by a bomb attack on a Shia mosque in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-08-06 - 25 people are killed and 60 are wounded by a series of car bombs in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-08-23 - 26 people are killed and 55 are injured by a suicide bombing in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-09-13 - 30 people are killed by a mosque bombing attack in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-09-15 - 21 people are killed in a series of bombings in Baghdad and Shia provinces, Iraq
2013-09-27 - 7 people are killed in mosque bombings in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-09-30 - 54 people are killed by a series of car bombs in Baghdad, Iraq
2013-10-20 - 37 people
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240 سانتیمتر از یکدیگر قرار بگیرند. اگر این فاصله زیاد شود، فضای فرعی بین آنها پیش می آید که در آن، امکان فعالیت های ناخواسته ی دیگر ( چون عبور و بازی کودکان ) میسر خواهد شد.
ب) چیدمان و دکوراسیون داخلی فضا باید به نحوی باشد که امکان دسترسی مناسب به تجهیزات ثابت اتاق مانند درها، پنجره ها، پریزهای برق، سیستم های تهویه و ... فراهم باشد.
پ) ورودی ها و بازشوها در فضای نشیمن باید به صورتی تعبیه شوند که اندازه ی طول دیوار برای ایجاد مبلمان های متفاوت کافی باشد.
چیدمان دکوراسیون داخلی در فضای نشیمن: مسیرهای رفت و آمد چیدمان های مختلف را به وجود می آورند. در یک آرایش مناسب، حداقل اندازه ی بین وسایل و تجهیزات برای دسترسی و استفاده ی مناسب از آنها به شرح زیر است:
150 سانتیمتر برای صندلی هایی که روبروی هم قرار می گیرند.
60 سانتیمتر برای عبور یک فرد از بین وسایل.
75 سانتیمتر برای استفاده از صندلی پشت یک میز.
90 سانتیمتر برای جریان اصلی رفت و آمد و 60 سانتیمتر برای جریان محدود.
150 سانتیمتر بین وسایل سرگرمی خانواده و محل نشیمن.
در مطالب بعدی به دیگر عناصر دکوراسیون منزل از جمله اتاق خواب ، فضای غذاخوری، آشپزخانه ، سرویس ها و .... خواهیم پرداخت.
منبع: مجله هنر معماری 27 John Fitch's navigation of the first vessel ever successfully moved by steam, on the Delaware River at Philadelphia, on July 20, 1786:
Fitch's small skiff apparently did not have a name, but it was the first practical application of steam to navigation. The next year, on Aug. 22, 1787, the inventor made the first successful public demonstration of a steamboat on the Delaware in the presence of several delegates from the Constitutional Convention.
Fitch soon inaugurated the first steam ferry in the world between Philadelphia and Camden, N.J. He later began carrying passengers and freight on the Delaware to points north and south of Philadelphia, making this the first steamboat business in America.
Fitch's efforts helped pave the way for other local Pennsylvanians (William Henry, Oliver Evans, Robert Fulton, John Elgar and John Stevens) to develop steam-based transportation on water. Hollanda, Avrupa Birliği içinde ev fiyatlarındaki en büyük artışın görüldüğü ülke oldu
Hollandada ev fiyatları 2021'in ikinci çeyreğinde bir önceki yıla göre ortalama yüzde 12,8 arttı. Bu, Hollanda'nın bir kez daha Avrupa Birliği'nde ev fiyatlarındaki en büyük artışın görüldüğü ülke olmasına neden oldu.
Avrupa Birliği'ndeki konut fiyatları, 2021'in ikinci çeyreğinde, bir önceki yılın aynı çeyreğine göre ortalama yüzde 7,3 daha yükseldi. Hollanda, Estonya (yüzde +16.1), Danimarka (yüzde +15.6), Çek Cumhuriyeti (yüzde +14.5), Lüksemburg (yüzde +13.6) ve Litvanya'dan (yüzde +13.3) sonra en büyük artışı gördü.
Güney kıbrıs hariç tüm Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde konut fiyatları yükseldi. AB'deki 28 ülkenin 13'ünde konut fiyatları yüzde 10'dan fazla arttı
Hollandada Ev fiyatlarındaki artışlar devam ediyor
Hem yeni inşa edilmiş hem de mevcut konutların işlem fiyatlarını içeren konut fiyat endeksi, ikinci çeyrekte on iki aya göre yüzde 12,8 daha yükseldi. Sonuç olarak, fiyat artışı arka arkaya beşinci çeyrekte bir önceki çeyreğe göre daha fazla oldu. Bu artışlar tarihi bir rekor, ülkede ortalama konut dfiyatı 390 bin avroya ulaşarak tüm zamanların zirvesini gördü.
İkinci çeyrekte daha az ev sahip değiştirdi
Yılın inkinci çeyreğinde 52.787 mevcut konut ile 8.793 yeni ev satışı yapıldı. Bir önceki yıla göre satılan mevcut ev yüzde 3,9 oranında azalırken, satılan yeni ev sayısı ise yüzde 9,9 oranında arttı.
Toplamda ise satılan ev sayısı yüzde 2,1 düştü.
©TURKINFO.NL Does documentation support young children's memory and enable reflection?
One of my assignments from my masters in Early Childhood Education at Sheffield University
According to the pedagogical philosophy of Reggio Emilia, documentation “mirrors (of) our knowledge in which we can see our own ideas and images reflected” and that they” support the memory and interactions for the children, teachers, and parents” (Rinaldi, 1998, p.121). My interest in Reggio Emilia has developed during the course of this master’s programme at Sheffield University – both as a result of my studies and my professional experience. I have been using documentation more and more - to improve my own pedagogical abilities, to see the needs of the children – as individuals and as a group, as well as stimulating the children’s learning processes. There is a great deal of research and literature concerning the teachers’ use of documentation and the benefits of this (Johansson, 2009; Kroeger and Cardy, 2006; Peaslee, Snyder and Casey, 2007; Rinaldi, 1998, 2006; Wallin, 2003) but there is little research on how documentation is used by children and can benefit their learning despite Rinaldi’s statement. Fleck (2010, p 4) writes that there is significant anecdotal evidence suggesting documentation may enhance young children’s learning and memory.
In this assignment I am going to investigate whether documentation aids young children’s ability to learn by their ability to remember and reflect on what they have done. I had noticed during my use of documentation how I was able to stimulate the children’s ability to reflect on projects we had been doing during the term by referring to the documentation I had produced (photographs, dialogues between children, interviews etc) and that the conversations about the subject became richer, and their answers longer and more confident. I wanted to take a closer look at how creating a small booklet, using photographs and text (one of the forms of documentation described by Rinaldi (1998, p121)) describing an event at the preschool I work at, could benefit memory and therefore the ability to reflect on the event four days later.
In order to do this I will review the literature on Reggio Emilia style documentation, reflection and memory. As it has been harder to find research about how children use documentation I will be relying on the research made on teacher’s use of documentation. I will be using both English and Swedish resources and will be making my own translations for the purpose of this assignment.
This will be followed by a presentation of the methods used to collect data for my research and my method of analysis. The results will then be presented as well as a discussion, comparing the results with the peer-reviewed literature, the effectiveness of my methods as well as discussing ideas stimulated by the research.
Finally I will conclude the assignment by raising what further research could be pursued.
When starting this assignment I had assumed that there would be plenty of literature I could refer to, and in the end I found only one paper written by Bethany Fleck (2010) that related directly to the research I wanted to do. There was, though, no lack of literature in the area of documentation, as the interest in the documentation approach to learning found in the preschools in Reggio Emilia is great (Abbott and Nutbrown, 2007; Bondesson et al, 2007; Edwards et al, 1998; Fleck, 2010; Krechevsky and Stork, 2000; Pramling-Samuelsson et al, 2006; Wallin, 2003). As Fleck writes (p.4) pedagogues in Reggio Emilia have noticed that documentation enhances children’s learning by revisiting. Forman and Fyfe (1998, p 247) describe the teacher as an aid to the child’s memory by writing down what the children have said or taking photographs, and then using the photographs and reading aloud the words at a later date. This, state Forman and Fyfe, helps the children “remember what they were doing and thinking during that experience” and to “extend their understanding” (p.247). They go on to distinguish the difference between revisiting and remembering, where revisiting involves emotions and establishing a meaning from the memory. This is corroborated by Nilsson’s (2009) observations of children reflecting on their portfolios in a Swedish preschool, stating “several of the girls’ reflections were about what occurred around them on the actual occasion. It was not just what the children and adults said and did, but also the emotional mood.” (p23) and that “ they commented on…(things)…that there was not the faintest trace of in the photographs”.
Fleck continues (p.6) that there have been no empirical studies into how documentation might enhance memory as there have been few quantitative analyses of the outcomes of Reggio practices. Rinaldi explains this in a dialogue with Dahlberg and Moss (2006, p.200) where Rinaldi feels that being asked to provide scientific proof that they are functioning effectively tries to make them conformist. Fleck’s research supports the claims made by Reggio pedagogues regarding the effects of documentation aiding their ability to reflect – that the documentation “boosted recall (indicating) a strong reminding effect “ (p. 24) and continues that her research indicated that children are “more likely to recall events they have previously discussed with an adult than those they have not” (p. 24). Fivush (1994, p 358) describes four year olds ability to accurately recall events that had occurred more than two years previously but goes on to describe this memory as one the children could have claimed as their own even though it had probably been the parents etc recounting the tale. Roos af Hjelmsäter (2010, p.9) writes that children as young as two or three have the cognitive development, including language skills, to store episodic memories, she continues that at the age of 4-5 children can remember emotion and context and at the age of six children develop the ability to remember in chronological order.
Episodic memories are those of particular events, for example, a prince and princess party to celebrate the marriage of the Swedish Crown Princess. These memories are processed by a different area of the brain than remembering names, numbers and facts, otherwise known as semantic memory. Then there is procedural memory that helps you remember to button up clothes or walk. (Blakemore and Frith, 2009, p.139). Blakemore and Frith continue that little is known about how the brain works when we are learning, and even less about what goes on when we are teaching. “We can learn things within a lifetime that were originally unique inventions and the accumulated work of many generations” (p.149). They also state that to be an effective teacher, the pedagogue needs to estimate what the child already knows in order to be able to advance the child’s understanding. The pedagogue also needs to gauge the interest levels of the child, and their receptiveness to teaching. “Teachers and learners have reciprocal roles and mutually help each other” (p.150). This brings us back to documentation, Edwards, Gandini and Forman write that the pedagogues in Reggio Emilia believed that systematically documenting their work with the children would provide a “concrete and visible “memory” of what (the children) said and did in order to serve as a jumping-off point for the next steps in learning” (1998, p.10).
Granhagen and Hedlund (2008, p.1) describe pedagogical documentation as a form that draws attention to the individual child, the group, the pedagogues and the preschool environment, and that by reflecting on this pedagogical documentation the children’s learning processes can be seen. Wallin (2003, p.82-3) sees two different versions of documentation, one where the pedagogues have documented the day as a form of memory with small texts under and the second as a method to look for any patterns of learning, interactions etc. Wallin believes that the former of these two do not describe what the children felt or thought about the situation, but does say that this method fulfils the function as acting as a memory for the children and provides evidence for the parents of what the children have being doing during the day.
Methods of documentation include tape-recorders/digital dictaphones, taking notes by hand, taking photographs, video recording and collecting work created by the children (Kantor and Whaley, 1998; Leask, 2007; Nutbrown and Abbot,
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به تاثیر برجام بر سهولت تامین منابع مالی و تجهیزات مورد نیاز پالایشگاهی، از دریافت برخی اقلام تحریمی و تکمیل عملیات اجرایی ساخت سکوها خبر داد.
عبادی اضافه کرد: تسهیل در مراودات مالی و مبادلات ارزی میان پیمانکاران و تأمین کنندگان کالا، سبب کاهش تأخیر زمانی در بهره برداری از این فازها خواهد شد.
وی با اشاره به گشایش در تعاملات اقتصادی صنعتگران داخلی و سرمایه گذاران خارجی، تأکید کرد: اختصاص سرمایه گذاری های خارجی به پروژه های باقیمانده پارس جنوبی نقشی مهم در کاهش زمان اجرا و بهره برداری زودهنگام از این طرح ها خواهد داشت.
94109 Rimozione
In psicoanalisi, la rimozione è un meccanismo psichico che allontana dalla coscienza desideri, pensieri o residui mnestici considerati inaccettabili e intollerabili dall'Io, e la cui presenza provocherebbe vergogna.
Insieme ai concetti di proiezione (vedi anche transfert) e inconscio, la rimozione è uno dei cardini del pensiero e della prassi psicoanalitica. L'inconscio stesso per la psicoanalisi si costituisce in massima parte come conseguenza della rimozione.
Descrizione[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
L'introduzione di questo concetto si deve a Sigmund Freud a partire dai suoi primi studi sull'isteria quando il medico viennese notò che alcuni traumi psichici vissuti dai pazienti rimanevano sconosciuti alla loro coscienza e che la guarigione avveniva nel momento in cui questi traumi venivano riportati dall'inconscio al conscio.
La rimozione tuttavia va considerata come una modalità universale dello psichismo la cui finalità è proprio quella di difendere, come una sorta di apparato immunitario proprio dello psichismo, l'ideale dell'io (o Super-io) in cui ci si rispecchia.
Al concetto di rimozione si collega quello di resistenza, un ulteriore meccanismo psichico che impedisce ai contenuti una volta rimossi di tornare nuovamente coscienti. Scopo della psicoanalisi secondo Freud è quello di diminuire la forza di queste resistenze e permettere all'Io di tornare in possesso del materiale rimosso, in modo da porre termine alla sua funzione patogena.
La rimozione può riguardare sia un fatto vissuto, che un pensiero o istinto. Il contenuto rimosso non tende spontaneamente a manifestarsi o non ha l'energia psichica per farlo, per cui spesso la rimozione è priva di conseguenze.
È necessario un secondo fatto o volontà:
- 1) apparentemente "innocuo" per il Super-io, e che quindi non viene rimosso a sua volta;
- 2) associabile al contenuto inconscio per vicinanza nello spazio, nel tempo o per somiglianza. Nei soliti modi la mente opera per associare tra loro contenuti che restano non rimossi.
Il nuovo elemento "risveglia" il materiale rimosso che spinge per manifestarsi a livello cosciente, e l'Io media fra questo e la resistenza del Super-io: un appagamento tramite compensazione permette al materiale rimosso di manifestarsi ma in forme diverse dal suo contenuto, più distorte e lontane quanto più è forte la resistenza.
Ciò accade nel sintomo nevrotico, ma anche in persone "sane" e "normali" attraverso i sogni, o nella nevrosi creativa. Nel sogno si rilassa la muscolatura, segno che si rallentano le resistenze del Super-io, per cui il rimosso nell'inconscio ha l'opportunità di manifestarsi, e di farlo in modo più "soddisfacente" tramite forme più vicine al suo vero contenuto.
Secondo Freud, questo meccanismo non sempre è fonte di malattie, ma ha grandi implicazioni positive per la società. La nevrosi, se è canalizzata, è il motore dell'arte e della scienza: il genio creativo e gli ammiratori dell'opera vi manifestano singolarmente e collettivamente un proprio contenuto rimosso (sublimazione).
Via via che la psicoanalisi si avvicina con l'associazione libera al contenuto rimosso, a farlo ritornare a livello cosciente, la resistenza del paziente si fa più forte.
Per Jung tuttavia i contenuti che riguardano la rimozione a differenza di Freud non hanno una valenza solo personale ma anche storico-sociale. Da qui Jung è stato costretto a postulare un inconscio collettivo con i suoi archetipi propri della specie oltre all'inconscio personale con i suoi complessi personali teorizzato dal fondatore della psicoanalisi.
In Psicopatologia della vita quotidiana Freud illustra come il concetto di rimozione (assieme a quello di inconscio) intervenga in molti aspetti della nostra vita comune, ad esempio negli atti mancati, più comunemente detti Lapsus Freudiani, di cui fanno parte le dimenticanze e gli errori verbali.
Bibliografia[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
- Sigmund Freud, Metapsychologie: Die Verdrängung, 1915 (trad. it. Metapsicologia: La rimozione, in Opere VIII, Torino, Boringhieri, 1976)
Collegamenti esterni[modifica | modifica wikitesto]
- Rimozione, in Tesauro del Nuovo soggettario, BNCF, marzo 2013.
- (EN) Repressed memory, articolo critico dallo Skeptic's Dictionary
|Controllo di autorità||GND: (DE) 4062703-2| Colonoscopy is considered to be a very low risk procedure during which a small flexible endoscope is introduced through the anus in order to examine the lower section of the digestive tract. Patients undergoing a colonoscopy are sedated throughout the procedure and usually have little or no memory of the process. Colonoscopies can be used for both diagnostic testing as well as for therapeutic purposes. Occasionally a physician may obtain small tissue samples (biopsies) or may remove small fleshy growths called polyps during the procedure. Once removed, specimens are sent to a laboratory for analysis and the patient receives a report within several weeks. |Piattaforma:||Vapore|
|Data di rilascio:||29/08/2015|
Tanita è una piccola ragazza di plastilina, molto intelligente per la sua età e materiale di produzione. Un bel giorno nel suo sogno parte per un giro del mondo su un aereo di plastilina... ma si schianta! Tanita trova Herdelf sulle isole misteriose e cerca di uscire da questa terribile situazione. Per caso scopre di non essere l'unica prigioniera delle isole. Una mente malvagia cattura e trasforma i pesci in moster. Tanita inizia la sua strada per liberarli dalle loro prigioni ed espellere il cattivo dal mondo delle fiabe.
Il mondo enigmatico è pieno di misteri e creature che non hai mai visto. In quale altro luogo utilizzerai gli abitanti sottomarini come pezzi di ricambio o crescerai aggeggi hi-tech sull'aiuola? E a tutto questo, dovrai nutrire la porta con le carote, navigare in un bagno di mare e usare le torte come carburante per un razzo.
Il gioco sarà interessante per gli adulti che hanno ancora passione e senso dell'umorismo e per i bambini che troveranno questo gioco facile ed eccitante. Questo gioco è adatto a tutte le età, dove avventure incredibili ti aspettano dietro l'angolo e l'umorismo è ovunque. مسوول امور مشارکت های مردمی و مددکاری مجمع خیرین سلامت همدان از توزیع ۲۰۰ بسته غذایی بین خانواده های سخت درمان به ارزش ۴۰۰ میلیون ریال خبر داد. حمید شاکری صفت امروز در گفت وگو با خبرنگار فارس در همدان با اشاره به اقدامات مجمع خیرین سلامت استان در مقابله با ویروس کرونا اظهار کرد: مواد ضدعفونی، گان، لباس محافظ، ماسک، دستکش، فشارسنج ضد ضربه، مانومتر، آمبوبگ، پالس اکسی متر انگشتی، ترمومتر مادون قرمز و شیلد تهیه و توزیع شده است. وی با اشاره به توزیع اقلام بهداشتی بین اقشار آسیب پذیر و ضدعفونی معابر و اماکن افزود: به دلیل تعطیلی اکثر مشاغل در قطع زنجیره انتقال ویروس کرونا و فشار مالی زیادی که به اقشار آسیب پذیر وارد شده توزیع اقلام مورد نیاز را در دستور کار قرار داده ایم. مسوول امور مشارکت های مردمی و مددکاری مجمع خیرین سلامت همدان بیان کرد: مجمع خیرین سلامت همدان به ۲۰۰ خانواده دارای بیمار که از لحاظ سطح درآمد جزو اقشار آسیب پذیر به شمار می آیند بسته موادغذایی اهدا کرد. وی از توزیع ۲۰۰ بسته غذایی بین بیماران نیازمند خبر داد و گفت: هر سبد به ارزش ۲۰۰ هزار تومان بود که در مجموع ۴۰ میلیون تومان هزینه شد و این مبالغ را نیکوکاران و خیرین عزیز تقبل کردند. 出诊医生将被禁止收取高达130澳元的上门服务费。（《每日电讯报》图片）
据《每日电讯报》报道，出诊医生将被禁止收取高达130澳元的上门服务费。最近一份报告揭示，出诊医生钻空浪费纳税人的钱和把患者的安危置于危险中。
早前，国家家庭医生服务机构（National Home Doctor Service）等私人股本支持公司被曝凭借初级证和不合格全科医师（GPs）执照给许多患者看病，并从中打捞了一笔。随后，政府成立独立工作小组展开调查。
《每日电讯报》从医疗保险福利计划审查工作小组（Medicare Benefits Schedule Review Taskforce）处获得的尚未发布的报告发现，许多家庭医生提供“低效出诊”服务，“浪费了大量医保资金”。
联邦卫生部长杭特（Greg Hunt）的发言人称：“医疗保险诚信分支（Medicare Integrity Division）正进行独立审查。如发现出现不当行为，专业服务评估小组（Professional Services Review）有权撤销部分或全部不符合申领医保项目的资格。”
很多获得初级证的医师每次夜间出诊都会收取高达130澳元出诊费用，即使出诊内容只是填写药方这类简单操作，这将被禁止。今后，只有完全资格的全科医生上门出诊，才能收取医保�
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al, for day scenes. This description seems to refer to an arrangement of a transparent painting illuminated either from the back or the front and the image projected through a hole on to a white screen in a darkened room, as described by Porta (Mag. Nat. xvii. cap. 7) and figured by A. Kircher (Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae), who notes elsewhere that Porta had taken some arrangement of projecting images from an Albertus, whom he distinguished from Albertus Magnus, and who was probably L. B. Alberti, to whom Porta also refers, but not in this connexion.
G. B. I. T. Libri-Carucci dalla Sommaja (1803-1869), in his account of the invention of the camera obscura in Italy (Histoire des sciences mathematives en Italie, iv. 303), makes no mention of Alberti, but draws attention to an unpublished MS. of Leonardo da Vinci, which was first noticed by Venturi in 1797, and has since been published in facsimile in vol. ii. of J. G. F. RavaissonMollien's reproductions of the MSS. in the Institut de France at Paris (MS. D, fol. 8 recto). After discussing the structure of the eye he gives an experiment in which the appearance of the reversed images of outside objects on a piece of paper held in front of a small hole in a darkened room, with their forms and colours, is quite clearly described and explained with a diagram, as an illustration of the phenomena of vision. Another similar passage is quoted by Richter from folio 404b of the reproduction of the Codice Atlantico, in Milan, published by the Italian government. These are probably the earliest distinct accounts of the natural phenomena of the camera obscura, but remained unpublished for some three centuries. Leonardo also discussed the old Aristotelian problem of the rotundity of the sun's image after passing through an angular aperture, but not so successfully as Maurolycus. He has also given methods of measuring the sun's distance by means of images thrown on screens through small apertures. He was well acquainted with the use of magnifying glasses and suggested a kind of telescope for viewing the moon, but does not seem to have thought of applying a lens to the camera.
The first published account of the simple camera obscura was discovered by Libri in a translation of the Architecture of v. 4 a Vitruvius, with commentary by Cesare Caesariano, one of the architects of Milan cathedral, published at Como in 1521, shortly after the death of Leonardo, and some twenty years before Porta was born. He describes an experiment made by a Benedictine monk and architect, Dom Papnutio or Panuce, of the same kind as Leonardo's but without the demonstration.
About the same time Francesco Maurolico, or Maurolycus, the eminent mathematician of Messina, in his Theore y nata de Lumine et Umbra, written in 1521, fully investigated the optical problems connected with vision and the passage of rays of light through small apertures with and without lenses, and made great advances in this direction over his predecessors. He was the first correctly to solve Aristotle's problem, stated above, and to apply it practically to solar observations in a darkened room (Cosmographia, 1 535). Erasmus Reinhold has described the method in his edition of G. Purbach's Theoricae Novae Planetarum (1542), and probably got it from Maurolycus. He says it can also be applied to terrestrial objects, though he only used it for the sun. His pupil, Rainer Gemma-Frisius, used it for the observation of the solar eclipse of January 1544 at Louvain, and fully described the methods he adopted for making measurements and drawings of the eclipsed sun, in his De Radio Astronomico et Geometrico (1545). He says they can be used for observation of the moon and stars and also for longitudes. The same arrangement was used by Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, by M. Moestlin and his pupil Kepler - the latter applying it in 1607 to the observation of a transit of Mercury - also by Johann Fabricius, in 1611, for the first observations of sun-spots. It is interesting to note this early employment of the camera obscura in the field of astronomical research, in which its latest achievements have been of such pre-eminent value.
The addition of optical appliances to the simple dark chamber for the purpose of seeing what was going on outside, was first described by Girolamo Cardan in his De Subtilitate (1 550), as noted by Libri. The sun shining, he fixed a round glass speculum (orbem e vitro) in a window-shutter, and then closing it the images of outside objects would be seen transmitted through the aperture on to the opposite wall, or better, a white paper screen suitably placed. The account is not very clear, but seems to imply the use of a concave mirror rather than a lens, which might be suggested by the word orbem. He refers to Maurolycus' work with concave specula.
We now come to Giovanni Battista della Porta, whose account of the camera obscura in the first edition of the Magia Naturalis, in four books (1558, lib. iv. cap. 2), is very similar to Caesariano's - a darkened room, a pyramidal aperture towards the sun, and a whitened wall or white paper screens, but no lens. He discloses as a great secret the use of a concave speculum in front of the aperture, to collect the rays passing through it, when the images will be seen reversed, but by prolonging them beyond the centre they would be seen larger and unreversed. This is much the same as Cardan's method published eight years earlier, but though more detailed is not very clear. He then notes the application to portraiture and to painting by laying colours on the projected images. Nothing is said about the use of a lens or of solar observations. The second edition, in which he in the same words discloses the use of a convex lens in the aperture as a secret he had intended to keep, was not published till 1589, thirty-one years after the first. In this interval the use of the lens was discovered and clearly described by Daniello Barbaro, a Venetian noble, patriarch of Aquileia, in his work La Pratica della perspettiva (p. 192), published in 1568, or twenty-one years before Porta's mention of it. The lens used by Barbaro was an ordinary convex or old man's spectacle-glass; concave, he says, will not do. He shows how the paper must be moved till it is brought into the focus of the lens, the use of a diaphragm to make the image clearer, and also the application of the method for drawing in true perspective. That Barbaro was really the first to apply the lens to the camera obscura is supported by Marius Bettinus in his Apiaria (1645), and by Kaspar Schott in his Magia Universalis (1657), the former taunting Porta with the appropriation.
In an Italian translation of Euclid's Optica, with commentary, Egnacio Danti (1573), after discussing the effects of plane, convex and concave reflectors, fully describes the method of showing reversed images passing through an aperture in a darkened room, and shows how, by placing a mirror behind the aperture, unreversed images might be obtained, both effects being illustrated by diagrams. F. Risner, who died in 1580, also in his Opticae (1606) very clearly explained the reversal of the images of the simple camera obscura. He notes the convenience of the method for solar observations and its previous use by some of the observers already mentioned, as well as its advantages for easily and accurately copying on an enlarged or reduced scale, especially for chorographical or topographical documents. This is probably the first notice of the application of the camera to cartography and the reproduction of drawings, which is one of its principal uses at the present time. In the Diversarum Speculationum Mathematicarum et Physicarum (1585), by the Venetian Giovanni Battista Benedetti, there is a letter in which he discusses the simple camera obscura and mentions the improvement some one had made in it by the use of a double convex lens in the aperture; he also says that the images could be made erect by reflection from any plane mirror.
Thus the use of the camera and of the lens with it was well known before Porta published his second edition of the Magia Naturalis in 1589. In this the description of the camera obscura is in lib. xvii. cap. 6. The use of the convex lens, which is given as a great secret, in place of the concave speculum of the first edition, is not so clearly described as by Barbaro; the addition of the concave speculum is proposed for making the images larger and clearer, and also for making them erect, but no details are given. He describes some entertaining peep-show arrangements, possibly similar to Alberti's, and indicates how the dark chamber with a concave speculum can be used for observing eclipses. There is no mention whatever of a portable box or construction beyond the darkened room, nor is there in his later work, De Refractione Optices Parte (1593), in which he discusses the analogy between vision and the simple dark room with an aperture, but incorrectly. Though Porta's merits were undoubtedly great, he did not invent or improve the camera obscura. His only novelty was the use of it as a peep-show; his descriptions of it are vague, but being published in a book of general reference, which became popular, he acquired credit for the invention.
The first to take up the camera obscura after Porta was Kepler, who used it in the old way for solar observations in 1600, and in his Ad Vitellionem Paralipomena (1604) discusses the early problems of the passages of light through small apertures, and the rationale of the simple dark chamber. He was the first to describe an instrument fitted with a sight and paper screen for observing the diameters of the sun and moon in a dark room. In his later book, Dioptrice (1611), he fully discusses refraction and the use of lenses, showing the action of the double convex lens in the camera obscura, with the principles which regulate its use and the reason of the reversal of the image. He also demonstrates how enlarged images can be produced and projected on paper by using a concave lens at a suitable distance behind the convex, as in modern telephotographic lenses. He was the first to use the term camera obscura, and in a letter from Sir H. Wotton written to Lord Bacon in 1620 we learn that Kepler had made himself a portable dark tent fitted with a telescope lens and used for sketching landscapes. Further, he extended the work of Maurolycus, and demonstrated the exact analogy between the eye and the camera and the arrangement by which an inverted image is produced on the retina.
In 1609 the telescope came into use, and the danger of observing the sun with it was soon discovered. In 1611 Johann Fabricius published his observations of sun-spots and describes how he and his father fell back upon the old method of projecting the sun's image in a darkened room, finding that they could observe the spots just as well as with the telescope. They do not seem to have used a lens, or thought of using the telescope for projecting an enlarged image on Kepler's principle. This was done in 1612 by Christoph Scheiner, who fully described his method of solar observation in the Rosa Ursina (1630), demonstrating very clearly and practically the advantages and disadvantages of using the camera, without a lens, with a single convex lens, and with a telescopic combination of convex object-glass and concave enlarging lens, the last arrangement being mounted with an adjustable screen or tablet on an equatorial stand. Most of the earlier astronomical work was done in a darkened room, but here we first find the dark chamber constructed of wooden rods covered with cloth or paper, and used separately to screen the observing-tablet.
Various writers on optics in the 17th century discussed the principle of the simple dark chamber alone and with single or compound lenses, among them Jean Tarde (Les Astres de Borbon, 1623); Descartes, the pupil of Kepler (Dioptrique, 1637); Bettinus (Apiaria, 1645); A. Kircher (Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae, 1646); J. Hevelius (Selenographia, 1647); Schott Magia Universalis Naturae et Artis, 1674); C. F. M. Deschales (Cursus, seu Mundus Mathematicus, 1674); Z. Traber (Nervus Opticks, 1675), but their accounts are generally more interesting theoretically than as recording progress in the practical use and development of the instrument.
The earliest mention of the camera obscura in England is probably in Francis Bacon's De Augmentis Scientiarum, but it is only as an illustration of the projected images showing better on a white screen than on a black one. Sir H. Wotton's letter of 1620, already noted, was not published till 1651 (Reliquiae Wottonianae, p. 141), but in 1658 a description of Kepler's portable tent camera for sketching, taken from it, was published in a work called Graphite, or the most excellent Art of Painting, but no mention is made of Kepler. In W. Oughtred's English edition (1633) of the Recreations mathematiques (1627) of Jean Leurechon ("Henry van Etten") there is a quaint description, with figures, of the simple dark chamber with aperture, and also of a sort of tent with a lens in it and the projection on an inner wall of the face of a man standing outside. The English translation of Porta's Natural Magick was published in 1658.
Robert Boyle seems to have been the first to construct a box camera with lens for viewing landscapes. It is mentioned in his essay On the Systematic or Cosmical Qualities of Things (ch. vi.), written about 1S70, as having been made several years before and since imitated and improved. It could be extended or shortened like a telescope. At one end of it paper was stretched, and at the other a convex lens was fitted in a hole, the image being viewed through an aperture at the top of the box. Robert Hooke, who was some time Boyle's assistant, described (Phil. Trans., 1668, 3, p. 741) a camera lucida on the principle of the magic lantern, in which the images of illuminated and inverted objects were projected on any desired scale by means of a broad convex lens through an aperture into a room where they were viewed by the spectators. If the objects could not be inverted, another lens was used for erecting the images. From Hooke's Posthumous Works (1705), p. 127, we find that in one of the Cutlerian lectures on Light delivered in 1680, he illustrated the phenomena of vision by a darkened room, or perspective box, of a peculiar pattern, the back part, with a concave white screen at the end of it, being cylindrical and capable of being moved in and out, while the fore part was conical, a double convex lens being fixed in a hole in front. The image was viewed through a large hole in the side. It was between 4 and 5 ft. long.
Johann Zahn, in his Oculus Artificialis Teledioptricus (1685-1686), described and figured two forms of portable box cameras with lenses. One was a wooden box with a projecting tube in which a combination of a concave with a convex lens was fitted, for throwing an enlarged image upon the focusing screen, which in its proportions and application is very similar to our modern telephotographic objectives. The image was first thrown upon an inclined mirror and then reflected upwards to a paper screen on the top of the box. In an earlier form the image is thrown upon a vertical thin paper screen and viewed through a hole in the back of the camera. There is a great deal of practical information on lenses in connexion with the camera and other optical instruments, and the book is valuable as a repertory of early practical optics, also for the numerous references to and extracts from previous writers. An improved edition was published in 1702.
Most of the writers already noticed worked out the problems connected with the projection of images in the camera obscura more by actual practice than by calculation, but William Molyneux, of Dublin, seems to have been the first to treat them mathematically in his Dioptrica Nova (1692),
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به جایگزینی آن ها شوید. قبل از خرید بودجه و گزینه های خود را در نظر بگیرید.
بهترین فرش های خود را در معرض خطر قرار ندهید
در حالی که ممکن است وسوسه شوید که بهترین فرش خود را در کانون خانه مانند اتاق ناهار خوری قرار دهید، شاید بخواهید دوباره در مورد آن فکر کنید. بهتر است از قرار دادن فرش های گرانقیمت در مناطقی که احتمال وقوع آسیب و ریزش مواد و لکه شدن آن وجود دارد، خودداری کنید. حتی اگر تمیز کردن آنها راحت باشد، از بین بردن لکه از فرش ها همیشه دشوار است. به خصوص اگر بچه یا حیوان خانگی دارید، در نظر داشته باشید که شما همیشه نمی توانید کارهایی را که خانواده شما روی فرش انجام می دهند کنترل کنید، بنابراین بهترین راه این است که با گزینه های ارزان قیمت، مناطق خطرناک خانه خود را فرش کنید.
مشاوره با کارشناسان و متخصصین فعال در این زمینه می تواند بهترین نتیجه را به همراه داشته باشد. گروه دکوراسیون داخلی کاط آماده ارائه خدمات از مشاوره، طراحی، تولید تا مرحله نصب و اجرا در زمینه دکوراسیون داخلی در کرمان است.
کلمات کلیدی: مقالات دکوراسیون داخلی – نکاتی که باید قبل از خرید فرش در نظر داشته باشید – طراحی داخلی در کرمان – طراحی داخلی کرمان – دکوراسیون داخلی کاط کرمان – شرکت معماری در کرمان – مجموعه معماری کاط کرمان – شرکت طراحی داخلی در کرمان – دکوراسیون داخلی کرمان Switch Grass, Panicum
A native of the prairie grasslands, switch grass naturalizes equally well in an informal border and a natural meadow.
Switch grass thrives in full sun, light shade or partial shade. The soil should be of low fertility and well drained, though this grass adapts to moist or dry soils and tolerates conditions ranging from heavy clay to lighter sandy soil.
The flower stems may break under heavy, wet snow or in exposed, windy sites. Cut switch grass back to 4–6" from the ground in early spring.
Plant switch grass singly in small gardens or in large groups in spacious borders or at the edges of ponds or pools for a dramatic, whimsical effect. The seed heads attract birds, and the foliage changes color in fall, so place this plant where you can enjoy both features.
P. virgatum is suited to wild meadow gardens. It comes in both blue and red varieties. Some of its popular blue cultivars include ‘Heavy Metal,’ an upright plant with narrow, steely blue foliage flushed with gold and burgundy in fall, and ‘Prairie Sky,’ an arching plant with deep blue foliage. ‘Shenandoah’ is a small, compact selection with red-tinged, green foliage that turns burgundy in fall.
Features: clumping habit; green, blue or burgundy foliage; airy panicles of flowers; fall color; winter interest
Hardiness: zones 3–9
Notes: Switch grass’ delicate, airy panicles fill gaps in the garden border and can be cut for fresh or dried arrangements. 香树酒庄位于智利最出名的葡萄酒产区的中心位置，处于智利中央山谷（Centra Valley）土壤优质的山麓地带。属于安第斯山脉区域，长达7000公里的安第斯山脉对葡萄园的气候产生至关重要的影响。
安第斯山脉和太平洋之间, 多个溪谷自东向西贯穿，导致智利的中央平原形成了许多通道。这些通道让来自太平洋的冷空气在清晨山顶形成冷空气团，会在白天下行至山谷，增加了葡萄园中空气的流通性，降低了葡萄藤受冻、腐病、霉病的概率。而昼夜的温差可以让葡萄藤生长减缓，让葡萄保持良好的酸度，以产出口感清爽、丰富优雅的葡萄酒。
香树酒庄葡萄园最初只有10公顷的面积，至今已扩张至1200公顷面积，分布在库里科（Curico）产区、马乌莱（Maule）产区和科尔查瓜谷（Colchagua）产区。其中500公顷土地种植了不同葡萄藤，包括赤霞珠、梅洛、佳美娜、西拉、马尔贝克、黑皮诺等。收起 Heed soil status when irrigating manure
Michigan livestock farms are catching and storing more manure containing a high amount of rain and resulting runoff in an effort to protect surface water quality around the farmsteads. As a result, more irrigation systems have been installed to land-apply these manure streams. The basic principles of manure application correlate to manure irrigation plus some additional safeguards.
Generally, these manure streams are very low in nutrients and percent solids. When based on agronomic land base needs, the gallonage of water that may be calculated is probably much higher than what the land can absorb, intake and hold without creating runoff, ponding or releases through tile drain systems. Since the initial goal of capturing the runoff and manure was to protect surface waters, farmers should remain mindful of that goal when irrigating with these systems.
Manure and soil should be tested, but current soil condition is the limiting factor for irrigation rates. Timing and soil moisture conditions are even more important. Be sure the current soil moisture is low enough that it can handle additional water without runoff or leaching. The irrigation should not travel over, nor the end gun reach any sensitive areas such as wetlands, neighbor’s property, roads or ditches. Any conservation practices in the fields, such as grassed waterways that are conduits to surface water, should not receive irrigation.
• Irrigated manure requires a few additional safeguards.
• Be sure soil moisture is low enough to handle extra water without runoff.
• On tile-drained fields, check the outlets before, during and after all applications.
Tile-drained fields are not typically irrigated, but due to catchment of runoff and rainwaters, this is not always true. Irrigated fields need additional precautions to be sure they can take in the irrigation without pushing manure to the tile drains.
Be sure not to irrigate a field where runoff occurs and travels to any surface water inlets. Whenever applying manure to tile-drained fields, check the outlets before, during and after all applications.
If there is water flowing, do not apply manure. If manure begins to reach tile and flow, cease applications immediately and have tile blocks ready to utilize.
Most irrigation systems can be controlled for speed and resulting volume of application. Running the system several times at lower application rates may cost more, but results in safer applications. Using a cover crop during the fall and spring on a field you know will need to be utilized for manure irrigation can also provide greater infiltration and uptake of the watery manure.
Running low-disturbance tillage over a compacted soil layer ahead of irrigation can also assist in less runoff on fields with a compacted surface layer after a winter of snow and rain on the surface.
All fields should be assessed for the ability of infiltration and water-holding capacity before any manure application, but especially so when irrigating manure.
Rector writes from Michigan State University Extension.
irrigating manure: Be sure not to irrigate a field where runoff occurs and travels to any surface water inlets.
This article published in the August, 2012 edition of MICHIGAN FARMER. Catechism of the Catholic Church
396 God created man in his image and established him in his friendship. A spiritual creature, man can live this friendship only in free submission to God. The prohibition against eating "of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil" spells this out: "for in the day that you eat of it, you shall die." 276 The "tree of the knowledge of good and evil" 277 symbolically evokes the insurmountable limits that man, being a creature, must freely recognize and respect with trust. Man is dependent on his Creator, and subject to the laws of creation and to the moral norms that govern the use of freedom.
397 Man, tempted by the devil, let his trust in his Creator die in his heart and, abusing his freedom, disobeyed God's command. This is what man's first sin consisted of. 278 All subsequent sin would be disobedience toward God and lack of trust in his goodness.
398 In that sin man preferred himself to God and by that very act scorned him. He chose himself over and against God, against the requirements of his creaturely status and therefore against his own good. Constituted in a state of holiness, man was destined to be fully "divinized" by God in glory. Seduced by the devil, he wanted to "be like God", but "without God, before God, and not in accordance with God". 279
399 Scripture portrays the tragic consequences of this first disobedience. Adam and Eve immediately lose the grace of original holiness. 280 They become afraid of the God of whom they have conceived a distorted image - that of a God jealous of his prerogatives. 281
400 The harmony in which they had found themselves, thanks to original justice, is now destroyed: the control of the soul's spiritual faculties over the body is shattered; the union of man and woman becomes subject to tensions, their relations henceforth marked by lust and domination. 282 Harmony with creation is broken: visible creation has become alien and hostile to man. 283 Because of man, creation is now subject "to its bondage to decay". 284 Finally, the consequence explicitly foretold for this disobedience will come true: man will "return to the ground", 285 for out of it he was taken. Death makes its entrance into human history. 286
401 After that first sin, the world is virtually inundated by sin There is Cain's murder of his brother Abel and the universal corruption which follows in the wake of sin. Likewise, sin frequently manifests itself in the history of Israel, especially as infidelity to the God of the Covenant and as transgression of the Law of Moses. And even after Christ's atonement, sin raises its head in countless ways among Christians. 287 Scripture and the Church's Tradition continually recall the presence and universality of sin in man's history:
What Revelation makes known to us is confirmed by our own experience. For when man looks into his own heart he finds that he is drawn towards what is wrong and sunk in many evils which cannot come from his good creator. Often refusing to acknowledge God as his source, man has also upset the relationship which should link him to his last end, and at the same time he has broken the right order that should reign within himself as well as between himself and other men and all creatures. 288
402 All men are implicated in Adam's sin, as St. Paul affirms: "By one man's disobedience many (that is, all men) were made sinners": "sin came into the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all men sinned." 289 The Apostle contrasts the universality of sin and death with the universality of salvation in Christ. "Then as one man's trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one man's act of righteousness leads to acquittal and life for all men." 290
403 Following St. Paul, the Church has always taught that the overwhelming misery which oppresses men and their inclination towards evil and death cannot be understood apart from their connection with Adam's sin and the fact that he has transmitted to us a sin with which we are all born afflicted, a sin which is the "death of the soul". 291 Because of this certainty of faith, the Church baptizes for the remission of sins even tiny infants who have not committed personal sin. 292
404 How did the sin of Adam become the sin of all his descendants? The whole human race is in Adam "as one body of one man". 293 By this "unity of the human race" all men are implicated in Adam's sin, as all are implicated in Christ's justice. Still, the transmission of original sin is a mystery that we cannot fully understand. But we do know by Revelation that Adam had received original holiness and justice not for himself alone, but for all human nature. By yielding to the tempter, Adam and Eve committed a personal sin, but this sin affected the human nature that they would
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lak mavi renkte, üç elma uzunluğunda sevimli mi sevimli küçük çizgi film karakterleridir. Ancak Fransız sosyolog Antoine Buéno, Şirinlerin göründükleri kadar masum olmadığını savunduğu bir kitap yazdı. Fransız yazarına göre Şirinler aslında antisemitik ve ırkçı bir çizgi film.
Bu hafta Fransa’da yayımlanan Küçük Mavi Kitap adlı kitapta, Buéno yaratıkların ırkçı ve antisemit olduğunu ve “totaliter bir ütopyanın, Stalinizm ve Nazizm ile dolu” olduğunu söyledi. Buéno’nun Küçük Mavi Kitap‘ı, Şirinler dünyasını “şirin toplumunun eleştirel ve siyasi analizi” tartışması altında yıkıyor. Buéno kitabında, 1958’de Belçikalı sanatçı Peyo (gerçek adıyla Thierry Culliford) tarafından yaratılan mavi adamların “Stalinizm ve Nazizm ile dolu totaliter bir toplumun arketipi” olduğunu iddia ediyor. Buéno tartışmasında, Şirin Baba’yı bir diktatör olarak tanımlıyor ve Şirinler’in uzun süredir düşmanı olan sihirbaz Gargamel’in Nazi dönemi karikatürlerini anımsattığını belirtiyor. Ayrıca, Gargamel’in, kitapta iddia edildiği gibi, bir para hırsızı Yahudi’nin klasik bir antisemit karikatürü gibi göründüğünü savunuyor. “Gargamel, çirkin, pis, kambur bir buruna sahip (ve) altına büyülenmiş” olarak tanımlanıyor. Bu arada, köyün yaşlı sakallı lideri Şirin Baba, mutlak güce sahip diktatoryal bir gerontokrat olarak tasvir edilirken, kırmızı şapka ve pantolonları Stalin’e bir gönderme olarak işlenmekte. Şirine ise, Gargamel tarafından düşmanları arasında kaos yaratmak için yaratılan tek sarışın kadın olarak, Aryan kadınlarına misogynistik bir yaklaşım.
Yazar, ırkçılık iddialarını desteklemek için Peyo’nun ilk eseri olan Siyah Şirinler’i (Fransızcası Les Schtroumpfs Noirs), İngilizce sürümünde politik doğruluk nedeniyle (The Purple Smurfs) Mor Şirinler olarak çevrilen kitabı örnek gösteriyor. Hikayede, bir Şirin siyah bir sinek tarafından sokulur, cildi hemen siyaha döner, anında delirir ve konuşma yetisini kaybeder. Kısa sürede köyün tamamı renk değiştirir. Buéno, hikayenin açıkça ırkçı olduğunu söylüyor; çünkü Şirinler siyaha döndüğünde “ilkel bir duruma indirgenirler ve zıplayarak dolaşırlar ve ‘Gnap! Gnap!’ diye ağlarlar.”
Kitap, internet üzerindeki Şirin hayranlarının öfkesine yol açtı: “Çocukluğumuzun efsanelerini kirletmek ne kadar utanç verici,” diye yazdı “Bibouille” adlı bir kişi “Schtroumpfmania” websitesinde.
Tepki bu kadar büyük oldu ki yazar güvenliği için endişelendiğini ve kimseye zarar vermek istemediğini savundu. “Şirinler‘i seviyorum,” diye yazdı Nouvelobs websitesinde. “Bu kitapla sadece popüler eserlerin bize geldiğimiz toplum hakkında çok şey öğrettiğini açıklamak istedim. Peyo’yu ırkçılıkla suçlamıyorum; yine de, eserinin (diğer birçok eser gibi) belirli bir topluma ve döneme özgü bazı kalıp düşünceleri taşıdığına ve yoğunlaştığına inanıyorum” dedi. جاناتان درو گروف (به انگلیسی: Jonathan Drew Groff) (زادهٔ ۲۶ مارس ۱۹۸۵) خواننده و بازیگر تئاتر، سینما و تلویزیون آمریکایی است.
معروفترین حضور وی در تئاتر، بیداری بهاری و معروفترین حضورش در تلویزیون، بازی در نقش جسی سنت جیمز در مجموعه تلویزیونی گلی است. از نقشهای دیگر او میتوان به بازی در مجموعه تلویزیونی در جستجو و صداپیشگی انیمیشن یخ زده اشاره کرد.
زندگی شخصی
گروف آشکارا همجنسگرا است. وی مدتی با زکری کینتو در رابطه بود. آنها در سال ۲۰۱۳ به رابطهشان پایان دادند. Devotion to Matteo Ricci, S.J., is visible throughout China. Statues and icons of the man appear nationwide. Prayer cards for Ricci’s intercession are in widespread use. Mother Teresa’s sisters, the Missionaries of Charity, follow their founder’s practice and seek Ricci’s intercession daily for their efforts in China. Centers and Institutes promoting the example of Ricci exist in America, Australia, Europe and Asia. And the Vatican itself recently presented a special Ricci exhibit inaugurated by Pope Benedict XVI, who applauded Ricci’s “search for harmony between the noble and millenary Chinese civilization with the Christian novelty.”
All this makes one wonder: Could this 16th-century, European Jesuit, adopted by China four centuries ago, become a bridge to reconciliation between the Vatican and Beijing? The faithful on both sides of the world seem to be shouting yes.
As phenomena suggesting the heroic virtue of his life become more widely known, the cause for Ricci’s canonization is crystallizing. The result could well be that Ricci, whose Chinese name is Li Madou, becomes an instrument of grace completing the East-West bridge that he began building when he arrived in Guangdong, China, in 1582. In the mystery of the Holy Spirit the timing is exquisite: As the church in the West wanes, the church in China thrives.
Ricci’s canonization cause formally began in 1984 through the diocese of his birth in Macerata, Italy. The process is focused on heroic virtues as the sign of Ricci’s holiness. The progression of testaments to the heroic virtue of his life is compelling.
It begins with his holy persistence. Permission for foreigners to enter China was rare as the 17th century loomed. When an invitation surfaced in 1583 to work in Zhaoqing, Ricci determinedly embraced it and shared with China the science and technology of the West, gradually gaining some acceptance until he was expelled in 1589. But he persevered and was eventually given permission to relocate to Shaoguan, further north. From there he continued the unlikely pursuit of Beijing, reaching Nanjing in 1595 and Suzhou in 1598. When war in the north prevented him from proceeding, he waited with patience. By 1601 word of his genuine esteem for China, as well as the practical generosity of his high-tech gifts (like a clock and a world map), was so compelling that the seemingly impossible occurred: He was invited by the Ming emperor Wanli to become the first Westerner welcomed into the Forbidden City. Ricci quickly contributed major advances in Chinese astronomy, mathematics, musicology and cartography and centered his ministry at what today is the site of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception.
This formidable accomplishment was made possible largely by Ricci’s practice of the virtue of solidarity. Though he was not the first Westerner to enter Cathay (Marco Polo and others preceded), he was the first who chose to stay—and he never left. Instead of remaining a visitor in a strange land, Ricci embraced Chinese language and culture, quickly mastering Mandarin and Confucianism. He even sought solidarity liturgically by praying Mass in the vernacular, vesting in mandarin garb and preaching the Gospel with Confucian concepts centuries prior to the insights of the Second Vatican Council.
Ricci’s virtue of humble friendship is evident from the way the Chinese embraced him. His ability to garner invitations that were seldom, if ever, offered to foreigners seems to have been a fruit of his genuine esteem for China and his graciousness in working with the Chinese to blend Western scientific and artistic advances with Chinese receptivity. Notable is Xu Guangqi, an imperial official and scientist who became a Christian and a great friend. He helped Ricci meld Confucian concepts with Christian theology. Fittingly, his own beatification cause has been opened by the Diocese of Shanghai.
Perhaps the strongest evidence of China’s embrace of Ricci relates to his death. Inexplicably—perhaps because of the perceived heroic virtue of Ricci’s life—the emperor overrode ancient traditions banning the burial of foreigners in Chinese soil. Wanli provided imperial grounds for Ricci’s tomb. And, perhaps the most salient indication of the perception of Ricci’s sanctity, that tomb has been honored and protected through the centuries. Even during the Cultural Revolution, when anything remotely Western was desecrated, the tomb of Matteo Ricci was protected. Today it is a point of pilgrimage for the Chinese faithful as well as foreign visitors. (I personally considered it a miracle when government officials, as an honor to me as their professor, permitted me to celebrate one of my first Masses at Ricci’s grave in 1990.)
Within the church, Ricci is a remarkable example of the virtue of heroic obedience. The willingness of Ricci and his fellow Jesuits to adapt to Chinese culture was controversial in Rome, where the view prevailed that the melding of Chinese rites with Christian theology was problematic. Undoubtedly cognizant of the implications for his evangelization work, Ricci nonetheless remained an obedient priest while thriving in the imperial court. He found a heroic way to be both faithful to the universal church and loyal to China. Today bishops and priests in China face a similar challenge and look to Ricci for guidance.
A Mutual Embrace
A stunning testimony to Chinese esteem for Ricci stands today on Sheshan Hill outside Shanghai, an astronomy museum under secular authority that honors heroes of China’s scientific history. Prominently displayed is a portrait of Li Madou, with an extensive explanation of the advances he developed in China for observing the heavens through the eyes of science. Adjacent is the Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians. Images of Matteo Ricci appear there, too, in recognition of his role in helping China see the heavens through the eyes of faith.
The widespread devotion of the faithful to Ricci and the extensive evidence of the heroic virtue of his life suggest that his beatification is destined to take place. The process itself might help to heal the rifts of recent decades—and pave the bridge that he built—if the diocese of his birth and baptism and the diocese of his death and burial were to join hands in the cause. In conjunction with Shanghai’s process for beatification of Xu Guangqi, the canonization could symbolically bless the friendship of China and Christianity. By illuminating the compatibility of Chinese culture with Christian customs, as well as the enrichment of Christian theology through Confucian concepts, a joint focus on Matteo Ricci could significantly soothe Vatican-Chinese relations. His remarkable nurturing of profound mutual respect at a time when distrust prevailed offers a holy path to reconciliation.
Matteo Ricci fervently embraced China. China fondly embraced Li Madou. The implications for Rome and Beijing abound in the blessed personage of that East-West hero. His deep humility, abiding respect, quest to understand and eagerness to blend brought China and the West together in his day. Highlighting those heroic virtues today in Vatican-Beijing relations offers a potential path over the bridge to harmony. What monkey wrenches have to do with monkeys is unknown. The term monkey has been used for a variety of devices, from cannons to pile-drivers, and it seems likely that the wrench’s name is related to this usage, but exactly how is uncertain.
This term for a wrench with an adjustable jaw dates to the early 19th century and is originally British, although now it is chiefly North American in usage. From a citation believed to be from 1807 that appears in E.S. Dane’s Peter Stubs & Lancashire Hand Tool Industry:
Fleetwood, Richard...Parr, Rainford. Screw plates, lathes, clock engines...monkey wrenches, taps.
The phrase to throw a monkey wrench into the machinery dates to 1918. From the American Economics Review of that year:
Mr. A. Paladini, one of the larger wholesale dealers...threw a monkey wrench into the machinery of proposed fish distribution.
Although the metaphorical sense of throwing a monkey wrench, meaning an obstacle or hindrance, is a bit older. On 30 July 1907 the Chicago Tribune published the following:
It should look to them as if he were throwing a monkeywrench into the only market by visiting that Cincinnati circus upon the devoted heads of Kentucky’s best customers.
The British version of this phrase, to throw a spanner into the works, dates to 1934. From P.G. Wodehouse’s Right Ho, Jeeves of that year:
He should have had sense enough to see that he was throwing a spanner into the works.
It has been suggested that the monkey in monkey wrench is an alteration (folk etymology) of the inventor’s name, a certain Charles Moncky of Baltimore who allegedly invented it 1858. Unfortunately for this explanation, the term is British in origin and predates Moncky by some decades.
(Source: Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd Edition)
Copyright 1997-2014, by David Wil
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ation properties of the stone in situ. In a differential measurement, the signals received with the transmitter and receiver in various different locations are compared with each other. In this way, such factors as the absolute power radiated by the transmitter, the collecting area of the receiving antenna, and the coupling efficiency of the antennas to the rock do not affect the outcome of the experiment because they are held constant. While there undoubtedly were slight variations in coupling efficiency due to surface variations at the different sites, these variations are much smaller than the uncertainty in the absolute value of any of the radiative parameters.
Two conceptual plans for a differential propagation measurement were permitted by the sloping corridor geometry. The simpler plan was to locate the transmitter and move only the receiver to vary the distance between them. A somewhat more complicated operation consists of moving both the transmitter and receiver so that the measurement is always made on an essentially vertical path.
As the figures in this section illustrate, the two measurements differed in one important aspect. The measurement along a vertical path is always made over the path of least travel time between the transmitter and receiver. The first signal to arrive at the receiver is thus surely the signal that has traveled the entire distance through the rock. If an oblique path is chosen, as when the receiving antenna only is moved, then the path of shortest travel time is a combination of the vertical path through the rock and a horizontal path through the air. This mixed-path signal arrives first at the receiving antenna because the propagation velocity in the rock is slower than that in the air. It makes identification of the direct-path signal through the rock difficult or impossible.
Measurements of both types were made with the 50-MHz equipment. In one series of measurements, the transmitter remained at the 14-ft location while the receiver was moved. In the second series, the transmitter was stationed at the locations indicated in the upper corridor in Figure 19, with the receiver placed each time in three locations approximately below the transmitter point.
Figure 20 shows two A-scope displays of the received signals. The upper trace is the signal received on the test antenna in the lower corridor. The lower trace is a reference signal obtained from the receiving antenna that was kept about 5-ft from the transmitting antenna. The latter signal makes it possible to measure the propagation velocity along with the attenuation. As the reference antenna was moved up the corridor, it was necessary at one point to add another cable length to reach the oscilloscope. Oscilloscope photographs were made with both cables to maintain time calibration. This change obscures a 30-ns time shift between the two parts of Figure 20.
The amplitude of the signal received on the lower-corridor antenna was scaled using only the first half-cycle of the received signal. The scaled amplitudes were then compensated for the effects of spreading loss and an assumed antenna directional pattern. The spreading-loss compensation assumes that the field strength would vary inversely with the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas if there were no attenuation caused by the rock. The compensation for antenna directivity assumes that the antenna patterns closely approximate a simple dipole--i.e., that the sensitivity varies as the cosine of the off-perpendicular angle. The compensation due to angles is only about 5% for the points on the near-vertical path, but it is more important when the receiving antenna is moved off to large oblique angles.
Figure 21 shows the results of the attenuation measurements. The three points made on a near-vertical path at each of the transmitter locations cluster closely together around the solid line in the figure. The solid line represents an attenuation of 14.75 dB/m, but other lines can also be drawn through the points to obtain values from about 14 dB/m to 17 dB/m. The difficulty in scaling correctly when only the receiving antenna is moved shows up in the scattering of points obtained when the transmitter remained fixed at the 14-foot station.
Figure 22 shows the propagation-time measurements made with the 50-MHz transmitter. The zero time indicated in the figure has not been accurately located to correspond with the onset time of the transmitted pulse. The solid line shows that the vertical-path measurements fit a constant slope of 9.87 ns/m very well. The velocity is 0.338 c, and the corresponding dielectric constant is 8.77.
The dashed line in Figure 22 has a slope equal to the velocity of light and is a rather good fit to the oblique path measurements made when the transmitter was fixed at the 14-ft station. This larger apparent velocity confirms that the measured signal reached the antenna by a path consisting of the shortest possible route through the rock and the balance of the path in the air.
C. 125-MHz Measurements
A second set of propagation measurements was made using an avalanche-transistor transmitter with a nominal frequency of 125 MHz. Measurements with this transmitter were made only over the vertical path geometry. Typical oscilloscope waveforms are illustrated in Figure 23. The results of the propagation velocity and signal attenuation measurements are shown in Figure 24.
The technique for scaling these records was identical to that used for the 50-MHz records. The propagation velocity and dielectric constant were identical at the two frequencies within the limits of error of the measurement. The attenuation was higher at the higher frequency. The labeled "signal level" in Figure 23 has a slope of 18.2 dB/m.
D. Search for Echoes from the Lower Corridor
During the measurements with the 125-MHz transmitter some detailed pictures of the signals on the reference antenna were made to see whether echoes from the lower corridor could be located. Using the propagation-velocity measurements and the known geometry, it is possible to calculate quite accurately the expected onset time of the echo in each case. Using this calculation, the signals can then be compared to see whether the echo can be isolated from the unwanted signals (clutter) occurring at the same time.
Figure 23 & 24
Figure 25 shows the echo sounding signal obtained from the 14-ft transmitter station. The first pulse to arrive at the receiving antenna, as indicated in the figure, travels through the air from the transmitting antenna. The second pulse shown arrives at the receiving antenna through the rock, 10 ns later than the first pulse because of the slower velocity of propagation. The difference between the propagation time in rock (9.87 ns/m) and the propagation time in air (3.33 ns/m) is 6.54 ns/m and can be used to calculate that the transmitting and receiving antennas were separated by 1.53, m or 5 ft.
The calculated onset time of the expected echo is also shown in Figure 25 followed by a low-frequency monocycle in the waveform. The low frequency represents the expected characteristic of an echo, because the dispersive attenuation of the rock lowers the frequency of the propagated signals. The signal is not so outstanding, however, that it represents a very convincing echo.
The apparent echo shown in Figure 25 would be much more convincing if we could demonstrate that it consistently appeared at the expected time when the transmitter and receiver locations were varied. Echo soundings made at four different stations can be used to demonstrate that this consistency is observed.
In Figure 26 the four echo soundings have been overlaid to emphasize the consistently appearing echo. The expected onset time of the echo was calculated for each position, and the successive traces have been aligned one above the other according to the calculated echo time. The shift in the transmitter pulse caused by this alignment is large enough that the early parts of the traces shown are almost completely decorrelated. In contrast with this behavior, the low-frequency signal that occurs just after the calculated echo onset time is very similar in each case. This similarity indicates that the low-frequency signal is very probably the echo from the roof of the lower corridor.
This demonstration that echoes can be obtained in Giza limestone with electromagnetic sounding equipment illustrates several requirements and limitations of the technique, as discussed in the following:
(1) The echo in this case was obtained from a maximum depth of 1.65 m. At this range, the echo strength is not more than 10 dB above the clutter level for the next 20 to 40 ns. Even though it might be feasible to improve the receiver sensitivity and overcome the resulting overload problems, the clutter will provide the sensitivity limit. With the 36-dB/m attenuation rate for round-trip signals, this means that the sensitivity limit will be reached at less than 2 m depth.
(2) It is likely that the clutter consists almost entirely of air-propagated signals. As a consequence, a rather small change in the attenuation characteristics of the rock can make quite a large difference in the maximum possible sounding depth.
(3) Figure 26 demonstrates the usefulness of moving the sounder and comparing the resulting signals to separate echoes from clutter. Even better than the quite laborious comparison made in this case is the display of data obtained by continuously moving the sounder and obtaining a continuously varying data display.
(4) The minimum useful echo depth is determined by the end of the transmitter pulse propagated to the receiving antenna through the rock. With the 5-ft antenna separation used here, the rock-propagated transmitted pulse ends about 28 ns after the transmit-pulse initiation. Consequently, an echo must come from a depth of at least 1.4 m if it is to be visible after the transmit pulse. If the transmitting and receiving antennas are collocated as nearly as possible, the rock-propagated transmit pulse will be moved almost 15 ns earlier in time, but it will also have much larger amplitude. Although overload of the receiver amplifier and close-in clutter may still limit the sensitivity to close-in echoes, this calculation suggests that echoes from objects as close as 0.7 m may possibly be delineated.
E. Transmitter Frequencies and Dispersion Effects
All references to transmitter frequencies thus far have been to nominal frequencies of 50 MHz and 125 MHz. The reason for these vague references is that the transmitting antenna is a part of the frequency-determining circuit. Because it is tightly coupled to the rock, the impedance-versus-frequency characteristic of the antenna is partly determined by the dielectric constant and loss tangent of the rock. Thus there is no universal frequency for a particular antenna. This characteristic is particularly important for the avalanche-transistor transmitters. In these transmitters, a capacitor is discharged into the antenna using the avalanche transistors as a switch. The discharge has no characteristic frequency of its own. The oscillating current is created entirely by the filter characteristics of the antenna.
As a general rule, the attenuation of rock becomes greater at higher frequencies. When radio frequency signals propagate a given distance through the rock, the higher-frequency components are attenuated more than the lower-frequency components. The result of this frequency-selective attenuation (dispersion) is a filtering action that makes the apparent frequency of the radio frequency signal decrease with distance. This effect can be seen in the data obtained in the pyramid of Mycerinus. In Figures 20 and 23, for example, the upper waveforms oscillate at a higher frequency than the lower.
All of the waveforms from the Mycerinus experiments have been scaled to determine an apparent frequency by measuring the period of the first half-cycle of the propagated signal. Figure 27 shows the results of this scaling. While there is some scatter of the points in each case, the frequency apparently decreases approximately linearly with the propagation distance. This fact makes it very tempting to extrapolate the experimental data to zero distance and assign actual frequencies of 76 MHz and 148 MHz to the nominal 50-MHz and 125-MHz transmitters.
To determine whether this extrapolation makes sense, some computer calculations were made using a simple model of the pulse-generation and propagation process. Figure 28 shows the source pulse simulating the discharge of a capacitor into a resistive load and the radio frequency pulse resulting from filtering this pulse with two digital filters. The major filter determining the pulse shape is a two-pole butterworth high-pass filter with a 40-MHz 3-dB frequency. The high-frequency cutoff set by a three pole butterworth filter at 100 MHz affects only the initial slope.
To provide a simple model of dispersive attenuation, a constant attenuation per wavelength was assumed. In this model, the attenuation in dB for each frequency component is linearly proportional to frequency. For simplicity, the model calculation modified only the amplitude of the frequency components without varying the phase. Such a filter is not causal, and causes the pulse to begin earlier in time than the original source pulse. In this sense and in the simple frequency variation of the attenuation, the model is not realistic. Yet it does preserve many of the important characteristics of the experimental measurements.
Figure 29 shows two of the dispersed waveforms. Since the attenuation is linear with frequency, it is readily specified by indicating the value at 100 MHz, which is 8 dB and 32 dB in the two cases shown. There is a definite resemblance between these waveforms and those obtained in the experiments, though the second negative excursion is somewhat too large.
The model can be further compared with the experiments if a distance scale is assigned, rather than just the total attenuation at 100 MHz, as is indicated in Figure 29. For example, one might assign a range of one meter to Figure 29(a), and four meters to Figure 29(b). This generates a model in which the attenuation is 8 dB/m at 100 MHz. Because the model assumes that the attenuation is directly proportional to frequency, the same model has an attenuation of only 4 dB/m at 50 MHz.
If the frequency and amplitude of the model pulses are scaled in the same way as the experimental data, the two sets of results can be compared simply. Figure 30 shows this comparison for the model having 8 dB/m attenuation at 100 MHz. The figure shows that the model frequencies match the experimental frequencies very closely, but the total attenuation in the model is much less than in the experiments. Thus, the model reproduces very well the dispersive frequency shifts observed, but it is too simple to match both the dispersion and the total attenuation. If a different scale factor had been selected for the attenuation per meter at 100 MHz, the experimental amplitude data could have been matched, but the frequency behavior would then have been incorrect.
Figure 29 & 30
The good match of the model and experimental frequency curves indicates that the extrapolation to zero range of the measured frequencies shown in Figure 27 probably provides a good measure of the original transmitted frequency. The mismatch of the model and experimental curves when the frequency curves are matched indicates that the rock is less dispersive than the constant-attenuation-per-wavelength model.
F. Other Measurements in the Mycerinus Corridors
Measurements were also made in corridors of Mycerinus' pyramid using the spark-driven transmitters that were intended to sound the body of Chephren's pyramid.
The first measurement was made at about 11 MHz using the largest available pulse-forming coil and a 6-m-long antenna that filled most of the available space in the upper corridor. Because the antenna was so large, only a single measuring station could be established. Differential measurements were not possible, and the resulting attenuation estimate is very crude as a result.
The 11-MHz measurement did provide an opportunity to demonstrate a qualitative difference in the propagation in the Mycerinus structure from that in Chephren. After the transmitter was set up in the upper corridor used for all of the other measurements, a portable short-wave radio was carried into the forced entrance passageway about halfway up the pyramid. No signals from the transmitter could be detected in the air outside the pyramid or in the entrance to the passageway. However, some distance down the passageway, it was possible to detect the transmitted signals. The signal amplitude increased if the antenna was buried in the dust on the floor of the passageway, indicating a high probability that the signals were reaching that point by traveling through approximately 30 m of rock. There are no wires in either corridor to act as extraneous signal carriers. Because part of the forced passageway descends vertically toward the corridor where the transmitter was located, there is a part-rock, part-air path that is shorter than the all-rock path. The passageways are waveguides far below cutoff at 11 MHz, however, and the stronger signal when the antenna was in the dust on the floor supports the idea that the 11-MHz signal may have traveled between the two corridors by a path entirely within the rock structure of the pyramid.
Measurements made with a second spark transmitter and a 3 m antenna
allowed two positions for the transmitter to be established in the upper
corridor. These two positions permit an estimate to be made of the attenuation
at a lower frequency. The data are:
|Transmit-Receive Distance (m)||Apparent-Frequency (MHz)||
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ش سوء استفاده های اخلاقی از رسانه ها در دهۀ 1890 شکل گرفت که بعدها در دهۀ 1920 در قالب حرکتی گسترده تر به راه اندازی رشتۀ روزنامه نگاری در دانشگاه ها منجر شد. همچنین چهار کتاب که از مهم ترین منابع موجود در حوزۀ اخلاق روزنامه نگاری به شمار می آیند نیز دستاورد همین دوره بودند که عبارت اند از: «اخلاق روزنامه نگاری» اثر «نلسون کرافورد» (1924)، «وجدان روزنامه» از «لئون فلینت» (1925)، «اخلاق روزنامه» اثر «ویلیام گیبون» (1926) و «اخلاق و آداب روزنامه نگاری» از «آلبرت هنینگ» (1932). تمام این منابع از لحاظ محتوا مشابه بودند و تمرکز اصلی آنها بر روی موضوعاتی چون: گزارش گران و منابع خبری، وسوسه های مالی و تضاد منافع، امنیت ملی، مطبوعات آزاد (بی طرف)، فریبکاری، انصاف، دقت، احساس گرایی، و احترام به حریم خصوصی بود.7
در کنار راه اندازی مراکز آموزش روزنامه نگاری، برای نخستین بار در این دوره بود که تلاش هایی در خصوص تهیه و تدوین اصول اخلاقی حرفۀ روزنامه نگاری از سوی روزنامه نگاران کشورهای اسکاندیناوی (نروژ در سال 1912، سوئد در 1916 و فنلاند در سال 1919) صورت گرفت. در سال 1918 «سندیکای ملی روزنامه نگاران فرانسوی» نیز مجموعه ای از مقررات اخلاقی را با عنوان «منشور وظایف روزنامه نگاران» تصویب کرد که این اصول در حال حاضر هم (البته با اصلاحاتی که در سال 1938 بر روی آن اعمال شد) مورد حمایت واحترام تمام سازمان های حرفه ای روزنامه نگاران فرانسه است.
3. اواسط دهۀ 1920 تا اوایل دهۀ1970
هیچ یک از تحولاتی که تا دهۀ 1920در حوزۀ اخلاق روزنامه نگاری رخ داد (اعم از: رشد پژوهشگری در حوزۀ مطبوعات، رشد انجمن های حرفه ای با مرام نامه های خاص اخلاقی و همچنین افزایش روزنامه نگاران مستقلی که اصول اخلاقی را به عنوان اولویت کاری خود قرار می دادند)، نتوانستند در برابر موج «طبیعت گرایی علمی» که از دهۀ 1930 در مراکز علمی به راه افتاده بود، مقاومت کنند و یا از مرگ اخلاق گرایی در این حوزه پیش گیری نمایند. بدین ترتیب، بعد از آخرین کتاب «کرافورد» ـ که در سال 1932 منتشر شد ـ، اصطلاح «اصول اخلاقی» و هم خانواده های آن نیز به مدت 40 سال از عناوین کتاب های ارتباطات جمعی در امریکای شمالی کنار گذاشته شد و به جای آن علوم طبیعی که به عنوان هدف غایی برنامۀ کاری محافل علمی (از جمله در حوزۀ ارتباطات) تعریف شده بود، شروع به گسترش و ترویج شیوه ها و اصول خاص خودش در قالب «روزنامه نگاری عینی» نمود. البته آن طور که «استفان وارد» (2004)، معتقد است روزنامه نگاری عینی، هم به عنوان متدولوژی (روش شناسی) و هم نوعی استاندارد اخلاقی به شمار می آمد؛ چرا که تعاریفی که برای این نوع خاص از روزنامه نگاری ارائه شده است، به نوعی، حاوی اصول اخلاقی نیز هست.
اوّلین زمزمه ها در مورد عینیت گرایی در اخبار، از سوی «والتر لیپمن» مطرح شد. او در کتاب خود به نام «افکار عمومی» ـ که در سال 1922 منتشر شد ـ، روزنامه نگاری عینی را «تأثیر ندادن احساسات و تمایلات شخصی و رعایت بی طرفی کامل در کسب و انتشار اخبار» معرفی کرد. به موازات کوشش های لیپمن، «انجمن امریکایی مدیران روزنامه ها» نیز در سال 1923 برای پشتیبانی از روزنامه نگاری عینی، به تدوین اصول اخلاقی و شرافتی حرفۀ روزنامه نگاری در قالب «اصول اخلاقی انجمن مدیران روزنامه های امریکا» اقدام کردند که به موجب آن، حقیقت جویی و صحت گرایی، استقلال و بی طرفی و همچنین احترام به حیثیت فردی و نیز احساس مسئولیت در برابر مصالح عمومی، از مهم ترین مبانی حرفه ای روزنامه نگاری عینی معرفی شد. اهمیت اصل عینیت اخبار و گزارش های خبری، از دهۀ 1940 مورد توجه جدّی قرار گرفت.
زیر چتر طبیعت گرایی علمی، اخلاق روزنامه نگاری، معادل گزارش بی طرفانه از اطلاعات خنثی قلمداد گردید. معرفی حقایق بدون آب و تاب دادن به آنها به عنوان استاندارد عملکرد خوب در نظر گرفته شد و تصمیم گیری در مورد این که این حقایق چه معنایی می توانند داشته باشند، به مخاطبان واگذار گردید و این طور به نظر می رسید دوره ای که در آن نهادهای ارزش مدار، اصول اخلاقی را تعیین می کردند، به نفع یک محیط حرفه ای و علمی ـ که به یک جهان بینی علمی ملتزم بود ـ، کنار گذاشته شده بود. برای مثال «لورنس مورفی» در سال 1924، تنها رویکرد علمی در اخبار را پرهیز از تعصب می دانست. او با تکیه بر خرد انسانی و به کارگیری اصول علمی، تأکید می کرد که حقایق باید به آینه واقعیت در اخبار تبدیل شوند. شکل گیری «سبک هرم وارونه» که بر اساس پاسخ گویی به پرسش های ششگانۀ (چه؟ چرا؟ چگونه؟ کجا؟ کی؟ و که؟) به منظور انطباق هر چه بیشتر اخبار و گزارش ها با اصل عینیت شکل گرفت نیز حاصل همین دوره است.
هر چند در دهه های 1930 تا 1970، تنها مدل های خنثی و بی طرفانه بودند که حرف آخر را می زدند، امام کم کم نگرانی هایی نیز در خصوص اصول اخلاقی و دفاع از روزنامه نگاری ذهنی (عقیدتی) ابراز شد که از جمله مهم ترین آنها می تو
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你想要的就是100w，是第二套房，然后无限循环下，人人感到痛苦的原因往往在此。这就是为什么相比30年前，人均生活水平基本达到小康，但我们依旧感到生活是如此不如意的原因。你一生悲剧的原因就是因为你活在与他人的不断比较之中。
P302-【伴侣排斥。当排斥的伴侣保持沉默时，只有极少人会进行解释，这样被排斥的伴侣往往对排斥的原因一无所知。他们只知道自己被人拒绝了，他们体验道德情感更多的是愤怒、沮丧和伤害，而不是内疚和悔恨。】【沉默对待会损害我们对他人的依恋，进而威胁到我们的归属需要，摧毁我们的自我价值观，降低我们队人际交往的控制感。】
有问题就去沟通，就去解释。亲密关系往往毁灭于自我加戏。
P350-【谈话者-听话者技术】一种当讨论变得激烈时恢复冷静的策略。
P400-【我们常常以赞许的眼光来描绘自己，为自己的行为辩护，帮助维护自尊。】【坚持记日记以表达感情的人比那些反省不深的人能更好地应对困难、享受到更好地心理和身体健康】
为了维护自尊，在于他人的交往冲突中，每个人的解释都会偏向于自己，把自己推向更无辜的一方，从而减轻自己的心理负担。及时你知道会发生这个现象，依旧会如此。 Auricolare stereo con microfono
Auricolare stereo con microfono
Con un auricolare collegato, è possibile ascoltare musica o visualizzare video in
stereofonia ed effettuare e chiedere chiamate in modo semplice.
1 Collegare l'auricolare come mostrato di seguito.
2 Viene visualizzato il pannello delle applicazioni ed è possibile selezionare
l'applicazione da eseguire.
NOTA: è possibile modificare le applicazioni da visualizzare sul pannello e
impostare il pannello in modo che non venga visualizzato.
Vedere < Accessorio >.
3 Se si riceve una chiamata quando l'auricolare è collegato al telefono, premere
per rispondere.
4 Per terminare la chiamata, premere nuovamente . Throat cancer (pharynx and larynx cancer)
- What is throat cancer?
- What causes it?
- What are the symptoms of throat cancer?
- How is it treated?
- When should I call my doctor?
What is throat cancer?
Cancer of the throat usually originates from cells which cover the mucous membrane lining the throat. As the tumour grows, it penetrates the mucous membrane and the muscle layers to surrounding tissues. The lymph nodes, neck, lungs and other organs can gradually become affected.
Generally cancer of the throat occurs in three distinct regions: the oropharynx, the nasopharynx and the hypopharynx. However, because these cancers have so many common features, they can be discussed together. Throat cancer is three times more common in males than in females and generally does not occur before the age of 50.
What causes throat cancer?
- Excessive consumption of alcohol.
- Inhaling coal, asbestos or diesel fumes.
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Excessive consumption of salty meat.
- Abnormal tissue growth.
What are the symptoms of throat cancer?
Initially throat cancer shows no symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they usually include:
- Difficulty and pain when swallowing.
- Hoarseness and a persistent sore throat.
- Traces of blood in the sputum.
- Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
- Pain in the upper neck and jaw.
- Ear pain, with partial hearing loss if region affected is behind the nose.
- Sense of something sticking in the throat.
How is throat cancer treated?
Treatment of throat cancer is rather risky and complex. Factors considered by a doctor are the location of the cancer and the stage of development, as well as the impact treatment may have on your speech.
If the cancer is detected at an early stage it can be cured through radiation and surgery. However, if it is not caught early enough extensive surgery is required and the larynx and pharynx may have to be removed. If the larynx is removed, you will have to relearn how to speak. Removal of the pharynx necessitates surgical insertion of a tube to enable the passage of food. However, in half of all cases, remission is obtained.
When should I call my doctor?
Call your doctor if:
- Chest colds last longer than two weeks.
- You encounter unexplained hoarseness.
- Your voice becomes coarse.
- Swollen lymph nodes appear in your neck.
- You notice blood in the saliva and have nasal secretions.
Back to top of page 哪些领域比学者更重要vwin.com德赢？
经过特里·希克（Terry Heick）
随着学术标准的变化，技术的发展和学生习惯的变化，学校被迫考虑将课程和吸引学生参与课堂的新方法，而基于项目的学习是这些可能性中最成功和最强大的方法之一。
当然，内容知识很重要。很难用您不了解的想法发挥创造力。Academics and their ‘content’–organized in the form of ‘content areas’ like literature, math, and science–are timeless indexes of the way we have come to understand the world around us through stories, patterns, numbers, measurements, and empirical data.
不过，这里的想法是我们（即公共教育领域）已经分散了学者的注意力。知识仅在学生的范围内有用趋向使用这些知识成长为通过这样做的成年人。研究哲学，物理或诗歌，但不通过它们生活，这是知识和学者之间的区别。
基于项目的学习与社会变革
作为一种计划和学习工具，基于项目的学习挑战教师，以制定新的决策，以了解他们如何计划学生学习经验，同时赋予学生在学习过程中发挥更为积极作用。
如果学习过程是个人的，那么一个积极参与学习过程的学生也在个人成长中积极积极。Projects that are tied to their inherent curiosities or that address the problems and opportunities native to their ‘place’ and family and human context are not merely authentic–they transcend the learnimg form (project-based learning in this case) so that it becomes transparent. And that’s a good thing.
在这种试图制作的背景下，由于渐进式学习是什么，在2009年，我绘制了一个可视化的图形9 21世纪学习的特征，最近创建了后续框架，内而外的学习模型。
这里的想法是阐明批判性知识和知识领域的种类，从而在学生和社区的生活中发生了实际的变化。
4个关键知识领域改变学生和社区
1。自己：我是谁？我是什么？我理解的需要什么？我怎么能理解它？
2。人类公民身份：多样化的本地和全球相互依存；社区建设和深情参与
3。德赢娱乐注册批判素养：思考理解和改变
4。过渡素养：从数字空间过渡到物理空间，然后返回自我知识和社会变革
次要目标包括有目的地利用数字媒体的多样性，不断发展基于项目的学习的传统定义，游戏在学习，好奇心和个性化学习途径中的作用，这些学习途径是通过数字策划和透明与所有直接和间接利益相关者进行数字策划和透明的。
在内而外的学习模型中，这个想法是由新的执行者的个性化学习，消除被动性以及与响应迅速和真实的社区的完全集成，而不是巧合的是，基于项目的学习才能。
的背景
在观看所有ED改革趋势来来去去时，一个经常吸引我的视觉效果是一所实际被内导的学校。
这个想法首先是我在肯塔基州农村的二年级老师努力澄清父母的儿子或女儿在课堂上表演的方式。因此，我经常发现字母分级令人难以置信。真正取得了很大进步和“学习很多”的学习者通常会带回家CS，而许多学生“ A学生”将为那个A所做的事情。
即便如此，这些α数字图标还是仅仅描述了趋势和遵守范围，即使我转向基于标准的分级，也对理解也没有什么表达的。具有字母等级，代表完整的内容和全部掌握内容，而BS表示高于平均理解和/或接近内容的掌握。CS意味着平均水平，而“平均”的想法让学生震惊，但对父母的想法可能更多。
CS是死亡的膝，甚至有BS的学生都有一些'splainin要做，而且似乎很少有人注意到这是一个问题。教室里需要父母，而学生需要在社区中出去。
学习者与学生
因此，关于学习者和学生之间区别的想法：似乎肯定有一个。希望学生学习，但是“学生”一词可以说明合规性和外部形式，而不是固有或持久的。
您可能会注意到“ C学生”无声地将学习过程拼凑在一起 - 将其置于内部化，抛出不起作用的东西，在斑点上挣扎，但一直在成为学习者。他们很少质疑成绩或询问“他们可以为A做什么”，而是专注于自己与内容之间的互动。
This was a startling contrast that was nearly impossible to clarify for parents when they wanted to know ‘what was going on.’ As a teacher I wanted a class full of learners, but the grading process was giving me a lot of students who were learning to play the game. The problem, however, was not as much about letter grades and traditional academia as it was about the ‘form’ of the school.
它的物理布局。从课外计划到学术声誉，证书，学分和彻头彻尾的“成就”概念。学校项目的内部受众。最重要的是，该学校与社区之间真正相互依存的需求是由它资助并为服务提供资金的。
要从学生转到学习者 - 嗯，可能有多种这样做的方法，但是该列表中的某个地方是使用技术，基于项目的学习和基于地点的教育真正使一所学校内而外。
图像归因flickr用户闪烁；范式转变：21世纪学习的4个目标 Microsoft, zararlı yazılımlara karşı geliştirdiği Microsoft Security Essentials'a ait beta sürümü geçtiğimiz hafta kullanıcıların beğenisine sunmanın ardından kendi kurumsal yazılımlarına ait beş güvenlik paketi daha yayınladı.
Apple, Tiger ve Leopard işletim sistemleri için yaygın olarak bilinen kritik DNS (Domain Name Server - alan adı sunucusu) hatasını onaran ve ayrıca daha bir çok güncelleme içeren bir güncelleme paketi çıkardı. Come eliminare l'odore di umidità dai mobili
L'odore di umidità è molto sgradevole, ma è difficile sbarazzarsene. Se l'umidità si trova negli armadi, può impregnare
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and perceptions. We learn different perceptions about religion, politics and many other important topics.
Parents/teachers can observe a child developing her own perspectives as part of normal/healthy development. When we become young adults and no longer live with our parents it is healthy to develop perspectives that are different from our parents. Because a young adult received genes from both parents and grew up during a different time period from her parents he will develop somewhat or even very different perceptions from both parents.
This development of different perspectives is logical. Learning how to cope with them in a relationship with a significant other or with coworkers, bosses or clients can be difficult. Everyone has a right to their own perspectives and different perspectives give us more information. Problems arise when one person feels a need to impose his perceptions onto other people. If a person experiences trauma during the toddler and/or adolescent stages of growth she may not develop healthy self-confidence and, as an adult, feel a need to try to impose his perceptions onto others in order to feel better about herself. Sometimes people with these issues feel invalidated, hurt then angry by another person’s different perspective. People with these problems often have difficulty believing others have viable perspectives and struggle to participate well in relationships
Good communication skills are vital for working through situations in which people have different perceptions. The most important communication skills are accepting other’s rights to different perspectives and listening with an open mind. The ability to accept perceptual differences is the foundation of good communication. Without acceptance a person can spend all his time and energy trying to “fix” or “change” other people and true communication will never happen. Listening involves using all our senses and checking in with the speaker to make sure we’ve heard her correctly. Often, we listen and interpret another person so quickly that we stop truly listening. The ability to stay attuned to the speaker, paraphrase what we heard the speaker say and ask if we heard him correctly is vital.
By accepting, negotiating, collaborating, juggling and blending different perspectives, we keep our minds open to new learning, continually improve our relationship skills and progress. As we continue to develop our own perspective through many relationships, taking what we like and leaving the rest, we are enriched in multiple ways.
“Just remember that sometimes, the way you think about a person isn’t the way they actually are.” John Green
By Anne Ream LMFT, LPC, ATR-BC www.annescreativetherapy.com 215-753-2519 Electrolysis is used to break a simple compound into its component elements. In this activity you will break copper chloride into the elements from which it is made. You will identify the products of the electrolysis and work out half-equations that describe the formation of these products.
Here is an example of a half-equation:
2H+(aq) + 2e− → H2(g)
maybe....klau slh sorry The Works of Archimedes.
Archimedes and Sir Thomas Heath (translator). Mineola, NY: Dover, 2002.
Contains all known mathematical and scientific works of Archimedes. For adults.
Archimedes and the Door to Science.
Bendick, Jeanne and Laura M. Berquist. Warsaw, ND: Bethlehem Books, 1997.
Describes Archimedes' life and his contributions to physics, astronomy, and math. For young adults.
Bradshaw, Gillian. New York, NY: Tom Doherty Associates, 2000.
Explores the life of Archimedes through an historical novel. For adults.
Dijksterhuis, E. J. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton Univ. Press, 1987.
Shows how Archimedes developed his ideas through the use of geometry. For adults.
Lafferty, Peter. New York, NY: Bookwright, 1991.
Examines the life, discoveries, and contributions of the ancient Greek mathematician. For young adults.
Archimedes: What Did He Do Besides Cry Eureka?
Stein, Sherman. Washington, DC: The Mathematical Association of America, 1999.
Describes Archimedes' methods for determining center of gravity, floating bodies, the spiral, the sphere, pi, and more. For young adults and adults.
Dime: ¿Cómo flotan los barcos?
Willis, Shirley. New York, NY: Franklin Watts, 1999.
Provides simple experiments that explore floating and sinking and Archimedes' principle of buoyancy. (Spanish) For children.
WGBH Boston Video, 2004.
Examines Archimedes' life, his work, and the science involved in the restoration of the Palimpsest. For young adults and adults.
Provides articles, interviews, interactive activities, and resources related to the "Infinite Secrets" program. For all ages.
Archimedes and the Computation of Pi
Demonstrates how Archimedes calculated the value for pi by inscribing and circumscribing regular polygons around a circle. For young adults and adults.
Archimedes Home Page
Includes information on Archimedes' life and work as well as pictures and animations of his inventions. For all ages.
Archimedes' Palimpsest at the Walters Art Gallery
Serves as the official site of information regarding the Palimpsest. For all ages.
Archimedes of Syracuse
Provides a biography of Archimedes, mostly told in the words of Plutarch, a historian who lived in Greece in about A.D. 100. For young adults and adults.
Archimedes of Syracuse: The Father of Buoyancy
Tells the story of how Archimedes used buoyancy to determine whether King Hiero's crown was pure gold. For all ages.
Math and Mathematicians
The Joy of Pi.
Blatner, David. New York, NY: Walker, 1997.
Explores pi and those fascinated with it—from the ancient Egyptians to the modern—day Chudnovsky brothers, who have calculated pi to billions of digits with a homemade supercomputer. For young adults and adults.
Journey Through Genius: Great Theorems of Mathematics.
Dunham, William. New York, NY: Wiley, 1990.
Investigates 17 landmark mathematical theorems, which span 2,300 years and represent the work of 10 mathematicians. For adults.
Ehlert, Lois. New York, NY: Lippincott, 1990.
Introduces geometry with a barnyard full of animals made of colorful shapes. For children.
The Number Devil: A Mathematical Adventure.
Enzensberger, Hans Magnus. New York, NY: Henry Holt, 1998.
Tells the story of 12-year-old Robert, a boy who hates math until he gets a visit from the Number Devil. For young adults.
The Crest of the Peacock.
Joseph, George Gheverghese. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Provides a tour of non-European math developments, including the influence of the Egyptians and Babylonians on the Greeks and the math of India and China. For adults.
Barron's Math Wizardry for Kids.
Kenda, Margaret, and Phyllis S. Williams. Hauppauge, NY: Barron's Educational Series, 1995.
Includes more than 200 math puzzles, games, designs, and projects. For children.
Captain Invincible and the Space Shapes.
Murphy, Stuart. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2001.
Follows Captain Invincible, who encounters three-dimensional shapes while piloting his spaceship through the skies. For children.
A Beautiful Mind.
Nasar, Sylvia. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 2001.
Tells the story of John Nash, a man who spent a lifetime battling schizophrenia and who won the Nobel Prize for his contribution to the field of game theory. For adults.
G Is for Googol: A Math Alphabet Book.
Schwartz, David M. Berkeley, CA: Tricycle Press, 1998.
Explores geometry, number series, and math history through each letter of the alphabet. For young adults.
A to Z of Women in Science and Math.
Yount, Lisa. New York, NY: Facts on File, 1999.
Profiles more than 150 women from antiquity to the present who have made contributions in science and math. For young adults.
Famous Problems in the History of Mathematics
Explores the history and culture surrounding certain famous math problems and their solutions, including the Bridges of Königsburg, the value of pi, and several famous paradoxes. For young adults and adults.
The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
Includes numerous biographies of notable mathematicians. Can be searched by name, location, time period, or subject. For young adults and adults.
Mathematicians of the African Diaspora
Primarily profiles biographies of mathematicians of African descent and includes a listing of organizations dedicated to minorities in math and science. For young adults and adults.
Ancient Machines and Inventions
Inventors and Inventions of the Ancient World.
Baldwin, Gordon C. New York, NY: MacMillan, 1973.
Discusses inventions of the ancient world and cultures that produced them. For children.
Science in Early Islamic Culture.
Beshore, George. New York, NY: F. Watts, 1998.
Describes the scientific discoveries in the Islamic world after the birth of Mohammed in A.D. 571 and discusses their impact on Western civilization. For children and young adults.
Science in Ancient Greece.
Gay, Kathleen. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 1998.
Discusses the theories and discoveries of the ancient Greek philosophers and scientists and their impact on modern science. For children and young adults.
James, Peter and Nick Thorpe. New York, NY: Ballentine Books, 1995.
Includes more than 90 inventions created before A.D. 1492. Entries are divided into sections such as "Military Technology" and "Communications." Each entry consists of the historical developments leading up to the invention, a biographical description of the inventor, and the story of the creation of the invention itself. For adults.
Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the Ancient World.
Krebs, Robert E., and Carolyn A. Krebs. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003.
Traces the history and development of approximately 100 discoveries, inventions, and experiments of the ancient world. For young adults and adults.
The Way Things Work.
Macaulay, David. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.
Explains how many common things work. For children and young adults.
Discoveries, Inventions & Ideas.
Shuter, Jane. Des Plaines, IL: Heineman Library, 1999.
Concentrates on the great discoveries, inventions, and ideas of the ancient Greeks from 800 B.C. to 146 B.C. Includes a glossary, an index, and a list of related books. For children.
Ancient Machines: From Wedges to Waterwheels.
Woods, Michael, and Mary B. Woods. Minneapolis, MN: Runestone Press, 2000.
Discusses six simple machines invented from the Stone Age to the fall of the Roman Empire. For children and young adults.
In Search of History: Ancient Inventions.
History Channel Video, 1996.
Details the technological achievements of ancient civilizations from the pyramids to a battery built before the birth of Christ. For young adults and adults. (50 minutes)
Discovery Channel Video, 1997.
Takes a humorous look at ancient inventions and ideas. Covers the cultural background of ancient devices, how they were inspired, who invented them, what they were used for, and what impact they made on ancient societies. For young adults and adults. (3 volumes, 52 minutes each)
Museum of Ancient Inventions
Provides a virtual museum of ancient inventions. Includes photos of replicas of different inventions and describes how these models were made. For all ages.
History of Books and Bookmaking
The Story of Writing and Printing.
Ganeri, Anita. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Presents an overview, from ancient times to the present, of the evolution of writing, including the development of alphabets, writing instruments, inks and papers, and printing methods. For young adults.
A Book of One's Own: Developing Literacy Through Making Books.
Johnson, Paul. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann, 1990.
Shows teachers how to teach kids to write, design, and bind a book. For adults.
The Evolution of the Book.
Kilgour, Frederick G. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Provides a history of the book in all its forms, from clay tablets to the electronic book. Highlights the inventors, engineers, and entrepreneurs who created the machinery of production and dissemination. For adults.
Breaking into Print: Before and After the Printing Press.
Krensky, Stephen. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company, 1996.
Describes the nature of books before the development of the printing press and the subsequent effect of that invention on civilization. For children and young adults.
The History and Power of Writing.
Martin, Henri Jean, and Lydia G. Cochrane (translator). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Examines forms and structures of writing throughout history, from as far back as the earliest efforts of ancient civilizations to medieval language studies. For adults.
The Smithsonian Book of Books.
Olmert, Michael. New York, NY: Wings Books, 1995.
Includes information on the history of books and the evolution of the printing industry, libraries, medieval illumination and modern illustration, the book trade, and methods of book conservation. For adults.
The History of Making Books: From Clay Tablets, Papyrus Rolls, and Illuminated Manuscripts to the Printing Press.
New York, NY: Scholastic Trade, 1996.
Tells the story of the written word, from hieroglyphics to electronic libraries. Photographic illustrations and film overlays help exemplify the processes of illuminating a manuscript or printing by color separation. For children and young adults. ANKARA - La Turchia ha convocato l'ambasciatore tedesco per protestare contro una canzone di due minuti che ha preso in giro il presidente Recep Tayyip Erdogan, trasmessa alla televisione tedesca. Lo ha riferito una fonte diplomatica.
Satira sgradita
«Abbiamo convocato l'ambasciatore la scorsa settimana per esprimere la nostra protesta sul programma, che abbiamo condannato», ha dichiarato la fonte alla France Presse, «Abbiamo chiesto che il programma sia rimosso». La tv regionale tedesca Ndr lo scorso 17 marzo ha trasmesso il brano satirico - «Erdowie, Erdowo, Erdogan» - ridicolizzando il presidente turco, la sua presunta disinvoltura negli acquisti e la repressione delle libertà civili. «Un giornalista che scrive qualcosa che a Erdogan non piace il giorno successivo è già in carcere», il testo della canzone, diffusa durante il programma «extra 3».
Allusioni pericolose
Alludendo alla repressione militare dell'esercito contro il Pkk (Partito dei Lavoratori del Kurdistan Workers), il brano prosegue: «Odia i curdi come la peste e preferisce bombardare loro piuttosto che i fratelli di religione dello Stato Islamico». Il governo di Ankara ha ripetutamente smentito una repressione contro la minoranza curda in Turchia, chiarendo di voler semplicemente colpire i «terroristi».
(Con fonte Askanews)
Riproduzione riservata © For exotic pet owners, raising a baby tarantula can be a rewarding experience. While adult tarantulas are often portrayed as "big and scary," baby tarantulas are typically very small and fragile in early life. Many owners can be intimidated by the feeding process
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principal incidents of a seignory were an oath of fealty, a quit or chief rent; a relief of one year's quit rent, and the right of escheat. In return, for these privileges the lord was liable to forfeit his rights if he neglected to protect and defend the tenant or did anything injurious to the feudal relation.
The word "fee" is associated with the Norman feudal system and is in contradistinction to the Anglo-Saxon allodial system.
At the time of the Conquest, William I of England granted fiefs to his lords in the manner of a continental or feudal benefice which assured little beyond a life tenure. The English charters were careful to avoid saying the donee was to take the estate for life, or whether the heir was to have any rights. At this time, there is abundant evidence that lords refused to regrant on any terms to the deceased tenant's heirs; the deed phrase "to [A] and his heirs and assigns" is the product of efforts by purchasers to preserve such rights on behalf of those who might inherit or purchase the land from them. The practice of demanding a monetary payment for regranting of tenancy to the heirs quickly became the norm.
If any of my earls, barons or other tenants in chief die, his heir shall not redeem his land as he did in the time of my brother (i.e. William II of England), but shall take it up with a just and lawful relief. The men of my barons shall take up (relevabunt) their lands from their lords with a just and lawful relief.
Relief later was set at a rate per fee in the Magna Carta. By the time of Bracton, it was settled law that the word "fee" connoted inheritability and the maximum of legal ownership.
Magna Carta and the Great Charter of 1217
The Magna Carta of 1215 gave little mention of the rights of alienation. It contained 60 chapters, and represented the extreme form of baronial demands. John managed to receive a bull from Pope Innocent III annulling the Magna Carta. Magna Carta was effective law for about nine weeks. King John of England died shortly after that in 1216. The council which ruled in the name of the infant Henry III of England re-issued the charter in 1216, this time with papal assent. It was very much modified in favor of the Crown. The third Great Charter in 1217 is the first document of a legislative kind that expressly mentioned any restraint of alienation in favor of the lord. It says: “No free man shall henceforth give or sell so much of his land as that out of the residue he may not sufficiently do to the lord of the fee the service which pertains to that fee.”
It was determined during the minority rule of Henry III that the Crown should not be limited, hence the compromises seen in the Charters of 1216 and 1217. In 1225, Henry III came of age, and a fourth Great Charter was issued, which varied only slightly from the third Charter. The charter deals with Land Law in Chapters 7,32 and 36. The rights of widows were protected and landowners were forbidden to alienate so much of their land that the lord of the fee suffered detriment. Collusive gifts to the Church (which were frequently made in order to evade feudal service) were forbidden. Coke interprets this as though its only effect was to make the excessive gift voidable by the donor’s heir. It certainly could not be voided by the donor’s lord. This opinion was reiterated by Bracton.
Alienation by serfs and peasants
The use of land by tenants (serfs and peasants) was more difficult. Some families stayed on the land for generations. When the nominal head of the family died, it was usually of little consequence to the lord, or the owners of the title to the land. The practice of socage whereby the peasants pledged a payment (either in agricultural goods or money) for the privilege to inhabit and farm the land became the standard practice. After the payment, the peasant was considered "soked", that is, paid in full.
It was discovered that agricultural land would be more economically tended if the peasants were assured an inheritance of the land to their descendants. This right to inherit was quickly followed by the right to alienation, i.e. the right to sell the inheritance to an outside party.
Disputes arose when a family member wanted to leave inherited land to the Church, or wanted to sell the land to a third party. Questions concerning the rights of the overlord and the other family members were frequently heard in the courts prior to Quia Emptores. In general, it was held that a donor should pay the other parties who had an interest to give them relief. However, the results were haphazard and the rulings of various courts were patchwork, and there was little established stare decisis from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. This difficulty is illustrated in statements made by Ranulf de Glanvill (died 1190), the chief Justiciar of Henry II:
Every freeman, therefore, who holds land can give a certain part in marriage with his daughter or any other woman whether he has an heir or not, and whether the heir is willing or not, and even against the opposition and claim of such an heir. Every man, moreover, can give a certain part of his free tenement to whomsoever he will as a reward to his service, or in charity to a religious place, in such wise that if seisin has followed upon the gift it shall remain perpetually to the donee and his heirs if it were granted by hereditary right. But if seisin did not follow upon the gift it cannot be maintained after the donor's death against the will of the heir, for it is to be construed rather than a true promise of a gift. It is moreover generally lawful for a man to give during his lifetime a reasonable part of his land to whomsoever he will according to his fancy, but this does not apply to deathbed gifts, for the donor might then, (if such gifts were allowed) make an improvident distribution of his patrimony as a result of a sudden passion or failing reason, as frequently happens. However, a gift made to anyone in a last will can be sustained if it was made with the consent of the heir and confirmed by him.
It has been commented that this illustrates a desire in Glanvill's time to formalize the practices of the day, in which someone having a tenancy could dispose of his land before death. While several problems were addressed (land given in marriage, land given on a whim, or on a death bed), the rules were still vague, when compared to similar cases in contemporaneous France. In the latter, strict rules had arisen defining exact amounts which could be allotted in situations such as "alienation of one-third, or alienation of one-half" of a patrimony or conquest. Glanvill is imprecise, using terms such as "a reasonable amount" and "a certain part".
The issue of alienation of serjeanty had been settled long before Quia Emptores. In 1198 the itinerant justices were directed to make an inquiry into the nature of the King's serjeanties. This was repeated in 1205 by King John who ordered the seizure of all Lancaster serjeanties, thegnages and dregnages that had been alienated since the time of Henry II of England. These could not be alienated without a royal license. The Charter of 1217 reaffirmed this doctrine. Henry III of England issued an important ordinance in 1256. In it the King asserted that it was an intolerable invasion of royal rights that men should without his special consent, enter by way of purchase or otherwise, the baronies and fees that were holden to him in chief. Anyone who defied the decree was subject to seizure by the sheriff. Later case law indicates jurists remained largely ignorant of this decree, which suggests the Crown was reluctant to enforce it.
It became common practice to subinfeudate to the younger sons. There are cases from the time, in which a writ of the court was granted demanding that the eldest, inheriting son be forced to "accept in homage" the younger sons as a way of enforcing their subinfeudation. As there had been no survey of land titles since the Domesday Book over 200 years earlier, outright title to land had become seriously clouded in many cases and was often in dispute. The whole feudal structure was a patchwork of smaller land holders. Although the history of the major landholding lords is fairly well recorded, the nature of the smaller landholders has been difficult to reconstruct.
Some direction toward order had been laid down in the Magna Carta, the Provisions of Oxford, and in the scanty legislation of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester. Edward I set about to rationalize and modernize the law during his thirty-five year reign. The first period, from 1272–90 consisted of the enactment of Statute of Westminster 1275 (1275) and the Statute of Gloucester (1278), and the incorporation of recently conquered Wales into the realm. These were followed by the Statute Quo Warranto and the Statute of Mortmain (1279). The latter was designed to stop the increasing amount of lands which were ending up in Church ownership. The Statute of Westminster 1285 (1285) contained the clause De Donis Conditionalibus which shaped the system of entailing estates. The Statute of Winchester was passed in 1285. This was followed by the Statute Quia Emptores (1290), which was only about 500 words in length.
Alienation prior to the Statute Quia Emptores
It is the opinion of Pollock and Maitland that in the middle of the 13th century the tenant enjoyed a large power of disposing of his tenement by act inter vivos, though this was subject to some restraints in favor of his lord. Other opinions have been expressed. Coke regarded the English tradition as one of ancient liberty dictated by custom. The tenant had relative freedom to alienate all or part of his estate. Blackstone was of a differing conclusion. The “learning of feuds” started with the inalienability of the fief as a starting point. Gradually, the powers of the tenant grew at the expense of the lord. Pollock and Maitland believe Coke’s opinion to be the more valid one. Both views may have been true. Modern scholars may have given more weight to the written and declared law of the Normans than existed in reality.
For some time, two kinds of alienation had been occurring. These were “substitution” and “subinfeudation”. In substitution, the tenant would alienate his land, and the attendant duties owed to the lord. After alienation, the tenant expected nothing from the new tenant, other than the price of the alienation. In subinfeudation, the new tenant would become a serf owing feudal duties to the person who alienated. The previous tenant would become the lord to the new tenant. Both these practices had the effect of denying the great lord of the land his rights of feudal estate. The bond of homage was between lord and servant. It was difficult for the medieval mind to think of this in any terms other than as a personal bond. The idea that a feudal bond could be bought or sold was repugnant to the ruling class. All the same, the practice of alienation of rights to the land had been going on in England for some centuries. A tenant who was accepted in homage by the lord could “subinfeudate” to one or more under tenants. It was difficult or impossible for the overlord to extract any services (such as knight service, rent, homage) from the new tenants. They had no bond to the overlord. Pollock and Maitland give the following example: In the case of subinfeudation, the old tenant was liable for services to the lord. If A enfoeffed to B to hold a knight's service, and then B enfoeffed C to hold as a rent of a pound of pepper per year; B dies leaving an heir within age; A is entitled to a wardship; but it will be worth very little: instead of being entitled to enjoy the land itself until the heir is of age, he will get a few annual pounds of pepper. Instead of enjoying the land by escheat, he will only receive a trifling rent. The Statute Quia Emptores, 1290 ended all subinfeudation and made all alienation complete. Once a sale of land was made, the new owner was responsible for all feudal incidents.
Glanvill on alienation
Glanvill gives no indication that a tenant needed the lord’s consent to alienate his rights to land. He does speak at length of the rights of expectant heirs, and this should cause some restraints on alienation. He also says the rights of the lord must be considered. It can be inferred from Glanvill that no substitution could occur without the consent of the lord.
Bracton on alienation
Bracton gives several examples of escheat occurring by a mesne lord (middle lord in the feudal structure): A enfeoffs B at a rent of 10 shillings. B enfeoffs C at a rent of 5 shillings. B dies without an heir. Is A entitled to 5, 10 or 15 shillings a year? While it can be argued that A is entitled to 15 shillings, it was Bracton’s opinion that A should only be awarded 10 shillings. A enfeoffs B at a rent of 5 shillings. B enfoeffs C at a rent of 10 shillings. B dies without an heir. Bracton thinks A is entitled to 10 shillings. Bracton held this problem to be without solution: Is A entitled to the wardship of C’s heir, if C held of B in socage, and B, whose rights have escheated to A, and held of A by knight’s service.
The worst case occurred when the tenant made a gift of frankalmoin - a gift of land to the Church. A wardship would be of no value at all. An escheat of the land (a reclamation of the land by the overlord) would allow the owner to take control of the land. But the act of placing the land in frankalmoin left it in the hands of a group of lawyers or others who allowed the use of the land by a Church organization. The overlord would have nominal control of the corporation which had never entered into a feudal homage arrangement. The corporation owed nothing to the overlord. Bracton was sympathetic to this arrangement. According to him the lord is not really injured. His rights to the land remain unscathed. It is true they have been significantly diminished. He had suffered damnum, but there had been no iniuria. Bracton was of the opinion that a gift of land to the Church could be voided by the heirs, but not the lord.
Throughout his work, Bracton shows a prejudice in favor of free alienation. Concerning subinfeudation, he argues that it does no wrong, though it may clearly do damage to the lords on occasion. It has been difficult to determine how much of this opinion is based on Bracton’s prejudice, and how much it corresponded to actual practice.
Bracton considers this problem: A enfoeffs to B to hold by a certain service and that B enfoeffs to C to hold the whole or part of the tenement by a less service. The law permits A to distrain C for the service due from B, but this violated equity. Then as to substitutions, even when B has done homage to A, nevertheless B may give A a new tenant by enfoeffing C to hold of A, and C will then hold of A whether A is agreeable to it or not. Bracton does not even expressly allow A to object that C is his personal enemy, or too poor to do the service. Pollock and Maitland consider this remarkable since Bracton does allow that the lord cannot substitute for himself in the bond of homage a new lord who is the enemy of the tenant, or too needy to fulfill the duties of warranty. The Statute Quia Emptores, 1290, ended subinfeudation.
Quia Emptores was a kind of legislative afterthought meant to rectify confusion in:
- land tenure
- mesne lords
- petty serjeanty
- economic delution
It indirectly affected the practices of:
- distraint (also called: distress or districtio), previously legislated for in the Statute of Marlborough (1267)
The statute provided that subtenants could not be allowed to alienate land to other persons while retaining the nominal possession and feudal rights over it. The seller had to relinquish all rights and duties to the new buyer, and retained nothing. This was the end of subinfeudation. The middle lords or mesne lords (who could be common
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市场份额。
这种状况应该在今年年底之前进一步扩大。如果新冠疫情继续得到稳步控制，大众预计，在2020的较低迷的基础上，明年其中国的市场会实现"良好复苏"。汽车市场的增长将类似于整个经济的增长。
惠誉国际评级机构的专家预计，大众汽车集团将在2021年超越中国整体市场。明年，中国经济预计将增长7.5％。随着经济活动的正常化，中国是唯一表现出增长的主要经济体，而全球经济总体而言却在下降。这位发言人证实，自夏季以来，中国市场出现了好转，在中国的销量占了大众汽车集团全球销量份额的40.8％。自今年年初以来，大众在全球已售出557万辆汽车，其中有227万辆是在中国销售的。
德国企业顾问彼特·哈格（Peter Hage）说："中国非常重要，尤其是今年"。这家总部位于北京的咨询公司创始人说："所有大型德国制造商在中国的销售份额不断扩大的趋势将继续。"在中国汽车行业工作了16年的哈格说，随着市场份额的增长，依赖性也随之增加，"应该谨慎对待"，
在汽车销量回升的同时，电动汽车的销量增长尤其迅速。中国已经是最大的电动汽车市场。博览会之前，中国汽车制造商吉利展示了其电动汽车的新结构，并且也将提供给其他制造商。拥有沃尔沃和戴姆勒近10％股份的吉利展示了其子公司Lynk＆Co推出的"领克"（Zero Concept）纯电概念车。该款车行程可达到700公里，将于明年投放市场。
吉利公司表示，目前正在与国际汽车公司进行谈判。该款车的全新构架不仅涉及电路板，还涉及电池、软件和连通性。吉利创始人李书福说，这是"吉利十多年来最大的飞跃"。据彭博社报道，这家汽车制造商为开发新技术投资了180亿元人民币（22亿欧元）。
李京慧/李鱼（德新社）
© 2020年德国之声版权声明：本文所有内容受到著作权法保护，如无德国之声特别授权，不得擅自使用。任何不当行为都将导致追偿，并受到刑事追究。 Gülümseme, Gülümsediğinde bütün dünya seninle gülümsetecek. Bir sohbette, yüzünüzü gösteremeyebilirsiniz, ifadeler ve benzeri diğer seçenekler, Sohbet ortağına gülümseyeceğinizi bildirmenize yardımcı olabilir. Sohbet sırasında bir yabancıya yaklaşırken, gergin olmayın. Rahatlamalısın ve doğal görünmesini sağlamalısın.
Bir konuşma karşılıklı bir deneyimdir. Bir başkası ile sohbet ederken, karşılıklı bir deneyim olmalıdır. Ne söyleyeceğimi bilmediğin için endişelenmene gerek yok. Sohbet görüşmesini başlata bilseniz bile, oturum boyunca bir süre geçirmeniz gerekmez. Sen sadece ateşi yak ve doğal olarak yanmasına izin ver.
İlgi gösterme Herhangi bir iletişimde diğer kişiye ilgi göstermek çok önemlidir. Ancak, çok kişisel olmamanız ve diğerlerini beğenmeye bileceğinden çok derin kazmaya çalışmamalısınız. Nazik, fazla sıkıcı olmayan sorular, diğer insanla gerçekten ilgilendiğinizi gösteriyor. İnsanlar kendileri hakkında konuşmayı severler ve onlar hakkında sorarak onlara kendileri hakkında konuşma fırsatı verirsiniz. Ayrıca sohbeti sürdürmenize yardımcı olacaktır. Onlara kendilerini sorabilirsin, muhtemelen senden daha çok hoşlanacaklar.
Sohbeti açma Sohbete başlarken, sohbeti açmayı denemelisiniz. Yangına doğru şekilde başlamak çok önemlidir. Açık uçlu sorular sormanız önemlidir, çünkü bu sohbeti devam ettirecektir. Yalnızca evet veya hayır cevabı olan kapalı uçlu sorular sorarsanız, bu yalnızca konuşmayı sıkıcı hale getirmez aynı zamanda sohbeti sonlandırma olasılığını da arttırır. Açık uçlu sorular, diğer taraftan daha fazla cevap almanıza yardımcı olacaktır.
Mizah kullanıyor musunuz Mizah insanların daha iyi bağlanmalarını kolaylaştırır. Konuşmanızı komik hale getirebilirseniz, insanlar sizinle konuşmak ister. İnsanlar her zaman mizahı takdir eder ve konuştuğunuz kişiyle daha güçlü bir ilişki kurmanıza yardımcı olur. Mizahın konuşmadan doğal olarak akmasına izin vermeniz gerekir. Konuştuğunuz şeyle ilgili olmayan şakalar kullanmaya çalışırsanız, sohbeti yapabilir ve diğer kişiye sıkıcı ve garip gelebilir. Eğer konuşma sırasında ikiniz birlikte gülebilirseniz, yakınlık duygusu yaratmanıza yardımcı olur. Bir sohbet odasındaki böyle bir konuşma daha uzun sürecek ve her ikisi için de ilginç olacak ve gelecekte aynı kişiyle sohbet etme olasılığı olacaktır.
Kendi kendini düzenleyen, Bir sohbette başka biriyle konuşurken, ona hayatınızın tüm ayrıntılarını vermek gerekmez. Kahvaltıda nasıl ve ne yediğinizi bilmekle ilgilenmiyor olabilir. Diğer kişi için ilginç olan bir şey olmalı. Bu nedenle, o dakika ayrıntılarını bir kenara bırakın ve sohbet sırasında yalnızca ilginç ve önemli şeyleri paylaşın.3 Defa Okundu The CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) was established to detect changes in the krill-based ecosystems, providing a basis for regulating harvesting of Antarctic living marine resources in accordance with the ‘ecosystem approach’. This report provides:
- Details on CEMP data that have been submitted for 2016/17, including an area-based comparison of the 2016/17 observations with the previous season
- A summary of available CEMP data and metadata and any issues encountered with data submitted to the Secretariat.
- An update on the spatial analysis of CEMP data in subarea 48.1 using Combined Standardised Indices (CSIs) for Breeding Seasons parameters and population size data. This is one of my favorite quotes from Starbucks’ coffee cups:
When I was young I was mislead by flash cards into believing that xylophones and zebras were much more common.
Alphabet books treat every letter as equally important even though letters like X and Z are far less common than letters like E and T. Children need to learn the entire alphabet eventually, and there are only 26 letters, so teaching all the letters at once is not bad. But uniform emphasis doesn’t scale well. Learning a foreign language, or a computer language, by learning words without regard to frequency is absurd. The most common words are far more common than the less common words, and so it makes sense to learn the most common words first.
John Miles White has applied this idea to learning R. He did a keyword frequency analysis for R and showed that the frequency of the keywords follows Zipf’s law or something similar. I’d like to see someone do a similar study for other programming languages.
It would be interesting to write a programming language tutorial that introduces the keywords in the approximately the order of their frequency. Such a book might be quite unorthodox, and quite useful.
White points out that when teaching human languages in a classroom, “the usefulness of a word tends to be confounded with its respectability.” I imagine something similar happens with programming languages. Programs that produce lists of Fibonacci numbers or prime numbers are the xylophones and zebras of the software world. Empowering India’s Multilingual Landscape: Leveraging Technology for Enhanced Bilingual Education
Examining the role and significance of bilingual education in the country, India’s National Education Policy 2020 adopted a multilingual approach to education where the medium of instruction in schools till Class 5 mandatorily, (but preferably till Class 8 and beyond) will be the regional language of students. With this approach, the NEP 2020 aims to preserve linguistic diversity and enhance students’ learning levels in Indian schools.
Bilingual Education in schools gives students the opportunity to better comprehend, retain, and understand information. Delivering educational content in a familiar language reduces cognitive load, enabling students to focus on the content without language barriers
Apart from that, when learners have the option to switch to a different language, such as English or Hindi, not only does it enhance their understanding of the educational content but also improves their English language skills and learning & retention.
In light of this, the NEP 2020 advocates a three-language formula in Indian schools. This includes incorporating the regional language, English, and another modern Indian language into the school curriculum, thereby enhancing students’ linguistic proficiency and encouraging bilingual education.
Advantages of Bilingual Education in India
- Preserving Cultural and Linguistic Diversity
Over 19,500 different languages and dialects are spoken in India, making it a linguistically diverse nation.
Bilingual education contributes to the preservation and promotion of the rich cultural and linguistic heritage of various communities.
Empowering children to learn and value their native language alongside widely spoken ones like Hindi or English is essential.
This promotes a sense of belonging and cultural identity pride.
- Enhancement of Cognitive and Foundational Skills
Research has consistently demonstrated the cognitive benefits of bilingualism.
It improves cognitive adaptability, problem-solving skills, and originality.
Bilingual students typically have superior attention control, multitasking skills, and memory.
Additionally, they tend to perform better on standardized tests of math, reading, and vocabulary and develop better Foundational Learning and Literacy (FLN) skills.
- Enhanced Accessibility to Opportunities
Bilingual education equips students with the language skills necessary for global competition, due to improved English Language Learning and its understanding & application.
Facilitating access to diverse academic resources, international collaborations, and careers requiring English proficiency broadens opportunities for students.
Challenges in Implementing Bilingual Education in India
The implementation of bilingual education in India presents several significant obstacles. Here are three key points supporting this assertion:
Challenge 1: Diverse linguistic environment
India is a tremendously diverse nation with numerous languages spoken throughout its regions.
According to the 2001 Census, India is home to 122 major languages and 1599 additional languages.
This linguistic diversity makes it difficult to prioritize which languages should be taught in bilingual education.
In addition, many communities speak dialects or languages for which there are no standardized educational materials, making it difficult to create a curriculum that is inclusive of all linguistic groups.
Challenge 2: Absence of Standardized Curriculum Materials
Creating a standard curriculum and educational materials for bilingual education is a daunting task.
It necessitates the creation of multilingual textbooks, instructional materials, and assessments.
This necessitates not only a substantial financial investment but also a dedicated effort to ensure the quality and cultural relevance of these materials.
Additionally, training teachers proficiently in multiple languages and methodologies specific to bilingual education is a substantial challenge.
Challenge 3: Infrastructure and Access Disparities
India faces significant infrastructure and access disparities, especially in rural and remote regions.
Providing bilingual education requires not only the creation of appropriate curricula and materials but also the provision of adequate physical and technological resources in schools.
This includes access to well-equipped classrooms, libraries, and instructional technology. Closing these infrastructure gaps is a crucial obstacle in India’s implementation of bilingual education.
Incorporating Technology to Solve Challenges in Bilingual Learning
- Digital Learning Platforms for Customized Curriculum
By leveraging technology, digital learning platforms with a more personalized and adaptable curriculum can be introduced in schools where students face diverse educational content needs.
One such name in the digital learning platform is iPrep by iDream Education.
This multilingual learning platform contains rich and comprehensive digital content for classes K-12.
Such platforms can dynamically adapt to each student’s linguistic background and learning pace.
- Multimedia Resources to Bridge Resource Gaps
The lack of standardized curriculum and resources can be overcome with the help of technology.
It is possible to create open-access e-learning resources with a wealth of educational materials in multiple languages.
This includes e-books, interactive multimedia content, and
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的公司合并、分立决议持异议的股东，要求公司收购其股份；
（八）法律、行政法规及公司章程所赋予的其他权利。
第三十三条 股东提出查阅前条所述有关信息或者索取资料的，应当向公司提供证明
其持有公司股份的种类以及持股数量的书面文件，公司经核实股东身份后按照股东的要求予以
提供。
第三十四条 公司股东大会、董事会决议违反法律、行政法规的，股东有权请求人民
法院认定无效。
股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者本章程，或者决议
内容违反本章程的，股东有权自决议作出之日起 60 日内，请求人民法院撤销。
第三十五条 董事、高级管理人员执行公司职务时违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的
规定，给公司造成损失的，连续 180 日以上单独或合并持有公司 1%以上股份的股东有权书面请
求监事会向人民法院提起诉讼；监事会执行公司职务时违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的规定，
给公司造成损失的，股东可以书面请求董事会向人民法院提起诉讼。
监事会、董事会收到前款规定的股东书面请求后拒绝提起诉讼，或者自收到请求之日起 30
日内未提起诉讼，或者情况紧急、不立即提起诉讼将会使公司利益受到难以弥补的损害的，前
款规定的股东有权为了公司的利益以自己的名义直接向人民法院提起诉讼。
他人侵犯公司合法权益，给公司造成损失的，本条第一款规定的股东可以依照前两款的规
定向人民法院提起诉讼。
第三十六条 董事、高级管理人员违反法律、行政法规或者本章程的规定，损害股东
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利益的，股东可以向人民法院提起诉讼。
第三十七条 公司股东承担下列义务：
（一）遵守法律、行政法规和公司章程；
（二）依其所认购的股份和入股方式缴纳股金；
（三）除法律、法规规定的情形外，不得退股；
（四）不得滥用股东权利损害公司或者其他股东的利益；不得滥用公司法人独立地位和股
东有限责任损害公司债权人的利益；
公司股东滥用股东权利给公司或者其他股东造成损失的，应当依法承担赔偿责任。
公司股东滥用公司法人独立地位和股东有限责任，逃避债务，严重损害公司债权人利益的，
应当对公司债务承担连带责任。
（五）经董事会二分之一以上董事有理由认为单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行
动人继续收购公司股份并可能成为公司实际控制人，因此导致公司中层以上管理人员主动或以
任何理由离职的，该股东应当向离职人员一次性支付额外遣散费用，除非离职人员本人书面放
弃该项权利。
对于董事会认为单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行动人继续收购公司股份并可能
成为公司实际控制人的情况，该单独或合并持有公司 10%以上股东或一致行动人对该等认定持
有异议的，应当就其主张提供充分证据证明。若无证据证明或证据不足，则董事会认定当然有
效。
（六）法律、行政法规及本章程规定应当承担的其他义务。
第三十八条 持有公司百分之五以上有表决权股份的股东，将其持有的股份进行质押
的，应当自该事实发生当日，向公司作出书面报告。
第三十九条 公司的控股股东、实际控制人员 不得利用其关联关系损害公司利益。违
反规定的，给公司造成损失的，应当承担赔偿责任。
公司控股股东及实际控制人对公司和公司社会公众股股东负有诚信义务。控股股东应严格
依法行使出资人的权利，控股股东不得利用利润分配、资产重组、对外投资、资金占用、借款
担保等方式损害公司和社会公众股股东的合法权益，不得利用其控制地位损害公司和社会公众
股股东的利益。
第二节 股东大会的一般规定
第四十条 股东大会是公司的权力机构，依法行使下列职权：
7
（一）决定公司经营方针和投资计划；
（二）选举和更换非由职工代表担任的董事，决定有关董事的报酬事项；
（三）选举和更换非由职工代表出任的监事，决定有关监事的报酬事项；
（四）审议批准董事会的报告；
（五）审议批准监事会的报告；
（六）审议批准公司的年度财务预算方案、决算方案；
（七）审议批准公司的利润分配方案和弥补亏损方案；
（八）对公司增加或者减少注册资本作出决议；
（九）对发行公司债券作出决议；
（十）对公司合并、分立、解散和清算或者变更公司形式等事项作出决议；
（十一）修改公司章程；
（十二）对公司聘用、解聘会计师事务所作出决议；
（十三）审议批准第四十一条规定的担保事项；
（十四）审议公司在一年内购买、出售重大资产超过公司最近一期经审计总资产 30%的事
项；
（十五）审议批准变更募集资金用途事项；
（十六）审议股权激励计划；
（十七）对公司因本章程第二十三条第（一）、（二）项规定的情形收购本公司股份作出决
议；
（十八）审议法律、行政法规、部门规章或公司章程规定应当由股东大会决定的其他事项。
第四十一条 公司下列对外担保行为，须经股东大会审议通过。
(一)本公司及本公司控股子公司的对外担保总额,达到或超过最近一期经审计净资产的 50%
以后提供的任何担保；
(二)公司的对外担保总额，达到或超过最近一期经审计总资产的 30%以后提供的任何担保；
(三)为资产负债率超过 70%的担保对象提供的担保；
(四)单笔担保额超过最近一期经审计净资产 10%的担保；
(五)对股东、实际控制人及其关联方提供的担保。
第四十二条 股东大会分为年度股东大会和临时股东大会。年度股东大会每年召开一
次，并应于上一个会计年度结束后的六个月之内举行。
第四十三条 有下列情形之一的，公司在事实发生之日起两个月以内召开临时股东大
会：
（一）董事人数不足《公司法》规定人数或者少于章程所定人数的三分之二时；
（二）公司未弥补的亏损达实收股本总额的三分之一时；
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（三）单独或者合并持有公司百分之十以上股份的股东请求时；
（四）董事会认为必要时；
（五）监事会提议召开时；
（六）法律、行政法规、部门规章或公司章程规定的其他情形。
第四十四条 本公司召开股东大会的地点为：上海市。每次年度股东大会或临时股东
大会的明确地点，由公司确定，并按本章程规定公告。
股东大会将设置会场，以现场会议形式召开。公司还将提供网络或其他方式为股东参加股
东大会提供便利。股东通过上述方式参加股东大会的，视为出席。
第四十五条 本公司召开股东大会时将聘请律师对以下问题出具法律意见并公告：
(一)会议的召集、召开程序是否符合法律、行政法规、本章程；
(二)出席会议人员的资格、召集人资格是否合法有效；
(三)会议的表决程序、表决结果是否合法有效；
(四)应本公司要求对其他有关问题出具的法律意见。
第三节 股东大会的召集
第四十六条 独立董事有权向董事会提议召开临时股东大会。对独立董事要求召开临
时股东大会的提议，董事会应当根据法律、行政法规和本章程的规定，在收到提议后 10 日内提
出同意或不同意召开临时股东大会的书面反馈意见。
董事会同意召开临时股东大会的，将在作出董事会决议后的 5 日内发出召开股东大会的通
知；董事会不同意召开临时股东大会的，将说明理由并公告。
第四十七条 监事会有权向董事会提�
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وان ذهنی نامید. در DSM-5، دیر آموزی به صورت یک طبقه تشخیصی جداگانه وجود ندارد. بلکه از این اصطلاح به عنوان حالتی استفاده می شود که ممکن است کانون توجه بالینی باشد اما ملاک های خاصی برای آن ارائه نشده است.
کم توانی ذهنی خفیف
کم توانی ذهنی خفیف تقریبا ۸۵ درصد موارد کم توانی ذهنی را تشکیل میدهد.
افراد دارای کم توانی ذهنی خفیف در کودکی و سنین پیش از دبستان می توانند مهارت های اجتماعی و برقراری ارتباط را فرا بگیرند و در زمینه رشد حسی حرکتی حداقل کم توانی را دارند. به طور کلی کم توانی ذهنی خفیف تا بعد از کلاس اول یا دوم که نیازهای تحصیلی افزایش مییابد، شناسایی نمی شود.
این افراد در سنین مدرسه و نوجوانی اغلب تا کلاس ششم پیش میروند. در این بازه زمانی می توان با آموزش، این افراد را به سمت سازگاری اجتماعی هدایت کرد.
در بزرگسالی می توانند مهارت های اجتماعی و حرفه ای را که برای حداقل خودکفایی ضروری است یاد بگیرند. بسیاری از بزرگسالانی که به کم توانی ذهنی خفیف دچار هستند، تحت حمایت مناسب میتوانند زندگی مستقلی داشته باشند و خانواده خود را اداره کنند. اما ممکن است تحت استرس های غیر عادی اجتماعی و اقتصادی احتیاج به کمک و راهنمایی پیدا کنند.
IQ برای کم توانی ذهنی با این سطح از کارکرد انطباقی، معمولا در محدوده ۵۰ تا ۷۰ است و علت اختصاصی آن اغلب پیدا نمی شود.
کم توانی ذهنی متوسط
این سطح از کم توانی ذهنی، حدود ۱۰ درصد موارد کم توانی ذهنی را تشکیل میدهد.
اکثر افراد دچار کم توانی ذهنی متوسط در کودکی و پیش از دبستان، زبان را در حدی متوسط می آموزند و میتوانند در اوایل کودکی به میزان کافی با سایرین ارتباط برقرار کنند. در این کودکان در رشد حسی حرکتی تاخیر و کم توانی بیشتری مشاهده می شود و نیاز به سرپرستی و مراقبت در حدی متوسط دارند.
در سنین مدرسه و نوجوانی، این افراد از لحاظ تحصیلی دچار مشکل می شوند و اغلب نمی توانند بیش از کلاس دوم یا سوم پیش بروند. طی دوران نوجوانی مشکلات جامعه پذیری اغلب سبب انزوای این افراد میشود. به عبارتی، چون یادگرفتن عرف ها و ارزش های جامعه توسط این افراد مشکل است، جامعه نمی تواند به سادگی این افراد را برای بر عهده گرفتن نقش ها و مسئولیت ها آماده کند و در اینجا فراهم کردن حمایت و آموزش های اجتماعی و شغلی مفید خواهد بود.
افراد این دسته در دوران بزرگسالی، ممکن است بتوانند تحت نظارت مناسب به کارهای نیمه ماهر بپردازند و خرج خود را در آورند اما حتی تحت استرس اجتماعی و اقتصادی خفیف هم نیاز به راهنمایی و سرپرستی دارند.
IQ برای کم توانی ذهنی با این سطح از کارکرد انطباقی معمولا بین ۳۵ تا ۵۰ است.
کم توانی ذهنی شدید
افراد کم توان ذهنی شدید حدود ۴ درصد افراد دارای کم توانی ذهنی را شامل میشوند.
این افراد در کودکی رشد حرکتی بسیار ضعیفی دارند و از نظر گفتاری هم، حداقل تکلم را دارند ولی ممکن است مهارت های ارتباطی ساده را فراگیرند و اغلب می توانند بشمارند و کلماتی را که برای عملکرد آنها اهمیت حیاتی دارد، شناسایی کنند.
در نوجوانی اغلب می توانند در سطحی ابتدایی صحبت کرده و ارتباط برقرار کنند. در این سنین می توان عادات سالم و مسایل بهداشتی را به آنها آموزش داد اما قادر به یادگیری شغل و حرفه نیستند.
این افراد در دوران بزرگسالی ممکن است با شرایط زندگی تحت نظارت مثل خانه های گروهی بتوانند سازگاری پیدا کنند و مهارت های مراقبت از خود را بیاموزند. همچنین تحت سرپرستی و نظارت کامل می توانند به طور نسبی در امرار معاش و یک حرفه ساده کمک کنند.
IQ در افراد دارای این سطح از کارکرد انطباقی معمولا بین ۲۰ تا ۳۵ است. در این گروه احتمال یافتن علت کم توانی ذهنی بیش از انواع خفیفتر کم توانی ذهنی است.
کم توانی ذهنی عمیق
کم توانی ذهنی عمیق حدود ۱ تا ۲ درصد موارد کم توانی ذهنی را تشکیل میدهد.
این افراد در کودکی تاخیر و کم توانی بسیار شدید در حیطه رشد حسی حرکتی دارند. به کودکان دچار این نوع کم توانی، می توان برخی مهارت های مراقبت از خود را آموزش داد. این کودکان تحت آموزش های مناسب، ممکن است بیاموزند که نیازهای خود را بیان کنند ولی مراقبت پرستاری و حمایت مستمر برای این کودکان ضروری است.
در نوجوانی تا حدودی رشد حرکتی کسب می کنند و ممکن است به حداقل آموزش در زمینه خودیاری و مراقبت از خود واکنش مثبت نشان دهند.
این افراد در دوران بزرگسالی تا حدودی به رشد حرکتی و کلامی بیشتری می رسند. ممکن است قدرت مراقبت از خود را به طور خیلی محدود بدست آورند ولی همچنان نیازمند پرستاری هستند.
IQ در افراد دارای این سطح کارکرد انطباقی معمولا کمتر از ۲۰ است. در اکثر افرادی که دچار کم توانی ذهنی عمیق هستند، علت کم توانی قابل شناسایی است.
کم توانی ذهنی نامعین
سیستم جدید طبقه بندی اختلالات روانپزشکی، کم توانی ذهنی نامعین را برای افراد بالای ۵ ساله به کار برده است که قویا مشکوک به کم ت
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amcıklar rahatsız etmeyebilirsiniz, güçlerinizden kurtulmak için Tuhaf Yıkıcı Mermiler kullandık; sizin için bir çıkış yolu yok.”
Momo dişlerini sıktı, Mina ve Tsuyu'nun yüzlerinden gözyaşları dökülmeye başladı ve Jiro ve Ochako onların üzerine dehşete düşmüş ifadeler çizdiler. Yapabilecekleri hiçbir şey yoktu.
Diğer adamlardan biri tekrar konuşurken arkalarında bir şeyler zap sesi duydular. "Yerlerinizi alın çocuklar. Bu parazitlere herkesin gurur duyabileceği bir ölüm verin.”
Adamlar kurbanlarının önüne dizildi, av tüfeklerini havaya soktular ve sonra yavaşça, acı verici bir şekilde onları kızların aşk deliklerinin içine ittiler, bayanların beşi de dondurucu metal çubuğa çığlık attı ve hepsi aynı anda onlara girdi.
Beş adam da pantolonlarını serbest elleriyle indirdi ve penislerini tuttu, dişilerin acısını görünce yavaşça kendilerini okşadı.
"Kuralları biliyorsunuz. Eğer boşaltırsan, orospunu da vurmalısın. Son boşaltan kazanır.”
Kızların hepsi av tüfeklerinin vücutlarını terk ettiklerini hissettiler, hızlı bir şekilde tekrar içeri itildiler, silahların her pompası kızların duvarlarına taşladı, kahramanlar en kutsal bölgelerine yapılan saldırıda çığlık attı ve ağladı.
Erkekler, vuruşlarının hızı gittikçe hızlandıkça, tüm kızların amcıklarına nüfuz eden av tüfeklerinin hızına uyan mastürbasyonlarının ritmiyle tekrar güldüler. Silahların namluları giderek daha da kadın deliklerine girdi, amcıklarından yere ve erkeklerin silahlarına damlamak için kan sahnelendi, silahların sarsıntı hareketlerinin oranı daha da hızlı hale geldi.
Tsuyu'nun silahlı adamı sonuna yaklaşırken konuştu. "Kahretsin, patlamak üzereyim!"
Mina'ya nüfuz eden yanındaki adam kıkırdadı. "Evet, o da öyle."
Tsuyu yalvarmaya başladı. "Hayır, kero! Lütfen, hayır, hayır, hayır."
Tsuyu'nun saldırganı güldü, sadece kendini durdurmak ve havada yüksek sesle inlemek için, silahının tetiğini çekerken horozundan ateş eden, vücudundan geçen ve alnından var olan dev mermiler.
Erkeklerin hepsi vajinal saldırılarını durdurarak ilk adamın yaptığı karmaşaya baktılar, kızların geri kalanı ellerinden gelenin en yüksek sesle çığlık attılar, en iyi arkadaşlarından birinin ani ölümüyle sarsıldılar.
"İyi gittin, salak. Kaybettin", Jiro'ya tecavüz eden adam yüzünde bir sırıtmayla söyledi.
Tsuyu'nun katili yenilgiyle iç çekti. "Ah, adamım."
Tüfeğinin namlusunu Tsuyu'nun amından çıkardı, açılıştan fışkıran kan ve meyve suları. Duvara yaslanmak için giderken silahını aldı, kurbağa kızın cesedinin deponun içinde düşüşüşe bıraktı, diğer erkeklerin kızlara tekrar girip çıkmaya başladıkları sırada oyunlarına devam ettiklerini gözlemledi.
Kalan kızların hepsi gözlerinde yaşlar oluşturmaya başladı, hatta momo, av tüfeği tekrar tekrar amına girip çıkarken korkusunu daha fazla tutamadı. Tecavüzcüsünü yumuşakça inlemeye başladığını duyabiliyordu, bu da onun için tek bir anlama gelebilirdi; Sırada o vardı.
Orgazmı beklentisiyle saldırganın eli hızlanırken gözlerini kapadı ve nefesini kesti. Momo, vücuduna saldıran pompaların ortasında iki kelime söyledi.
"Ben.... üzgünüm...."
Silah ona ateş etti, duvarı kızların liderinin kanıyla boyadı. Diğer kadınlar tekrar çığlık attılar, son umutları ölüme boyun eğdiğinde moralleri tamamen bozuldu, gözleri hala kapalıydı, en azından tim arkadaşlarını cansız bedenine bakma zahmetinden kurtaracak kadar iradeye sahipti.
Jirou silahıyla onu beceren serseriye doğru bağırdı. “B-bütün hepinizi ö-öldüreceğiz."
Sesi, arkasındaki adama ait pompalı tüfeğin güçlü patlamasıyla kesildi. Geriye sadece Ochako ve Mina kaldı ve hemen yanlarındaki yüksek güçlü patlaktan neredeyse sağır olmaya başladılar. İkisi de tekrar bağırmaya çalıştılar, ama sesleri vermeye başlamıştı, ister yaptıkları çığlıklardan olsun, ister vücutlarının onlara vazgeçmelerini ve kaderlerini kabul etmelerini söyleme yolu olsun.
Diğer erkekler son iki erkek çocuğa alkışladılar ve kurbanları, av tüfekleri doğum kanallarına girip çıkarken, kızların yüzleri kiraz kadar kırmızı, gözleri onlardan gelen gözyaşları şelalelerine kan sıçrarken tezahürat yaptı.
Mina'nın arkasındaki adam inlemeye başladı, temposu daha hızlı ve dengesiz hale geldi. Yükünü onun içinde vurmak üzereydi. Mina, Ochako'ya son bir kez baktı ve ağzından son sözleri tükürmeye çalıştı.
"Ben... sev-"
Kurşunlar Mina'nın pembe uzaylı amını deldi ve beyninden duvara çarptı ve tuvale başka bir kızın kanıyla sıçradı. Ochako her yerde hırpalanıyordu, hala içinde olan pompalı tüfekle savaşmaya çalışıyordu, kadınsı takım arkadaşlarından kan kokusunu, beyin ve kafatası maddesini gözünün önünden ayırmaya çalışıyordu. Son kızın arkasındaki adam silahını çıkardı ve hareketlerini tamamen durdurduğu, sonunda yenilmiş ve zihinsel olarak kırıldığı için onu bir an rahatlattı.
Arkasındaki adamlar, oyunlarının galibini sırtlarından okşadı, onu alkışladı ve yumruklarını havada salladı. Daha sonra hepsi Ochako'nun hareketsiz bedenine döndüler, hala hayattaydı ve zar zor hareket ediyordu.
"Yani... Onunla ne yapacağız?" diye sordu. Yoldaşı ona baktı ve sırıttı.
"Bence buradaki son kıza patlayıcı bir veda etmeliyiz!"
Adamların hepsi av tüfeklerini aldılar ve Ochako'nun hala kanayan amına doğru yürüdüler, hepsi de kendi toplu namlularını itip kaktılar. Ochako'nun amını dolduran beş av tüfeği vardı, ama o zaman bile, ürkmüş gibi görünmüyordu.
Düşünüyordu ki. Son yıllarını daha tatmin edici hale getirmek için hayatında neler yapabileceğini düşünüyordu. Her şey bu kadar ters gitmeseydi yaşayabileceği hayatı. Kendini hayal etti, tanıştığı herkesin hayatını kurtardı, onu idol edinen tüm küçük kız ve erkeklerin fotoğraflarını imzaladı.
Izuku'yu düşündü. Onun Deku'su. Şu anda nerede olduğunu merak ediyordu. Küçük bir kısmı, belki de bunca zaman sonra, dünyada olanlardan sonra, hala iyilerden biri olduğunu umuyordu, dua etti. Umduğu son şey buydu.
Ochako'nun amını sonuna kadar uzaten beş silah namlusu aynı anda ateşlendi, kızın vücudunu milyonlarca kanlı parçaya ayırdı, onu infaz eden adamlar maskelerini ve kasklarını çıkarmaya başlarken göğüsleri ve gözleri odanın her yerinde uçuştu.
Küllü saçlı bir sarışının yüz hatları, yeşil saçlı çilli arkadaşına bakarken kendini gösterdi.
"Lanet olsun, Deku. Bunları nasıl kazanırsın ki?"
Deku maskesini çıkarırken gülümsedi ve saçlarının çıkmasına izin verdi. "Sana söyledim, Kacchan, bayanları nasıl ıslatacağımı biliyorum." dedi.
Kacchan pantolonunu yukarı çekmeye başladığında inledi. "Hepsini çektin, değil mi Mineta?"
Mineta başını salladı. "Evet," dedi.
Üzüm kafalı arkadaşları kameraya doğru yürüdü ve kapattı.
not:bu yazı "Chapter 3: Ochako Uraraka - No Heroine Left Alive (My Hero Academia) " hikayesinin çevirisidir. One of the newest trends in technology is the GPS tracking system. Used for many different purposes, GPS tracking systems are becoming popular for both professional and domestic uses. With all of the new trends in technology, GPS tracking systems are becoming a modern accessory.
GPS stands for Global Positioning System. GPS tracking systems use a GPS receiver. GPS receivers rely on twenty-seven different satellites orbiting around the Earth to help them calculate their exact position. The GPS receiver communicates with the satellites, then calculates where it is located using the satellites distance from the Earth. This information can then be used to help navigate to another specific location, or just to locate something that is using a GPS tracking system.
GPS tracking systems can be found in cell phones, vehicles, and even computers. GPS tracking systems are mainly used in vehicles to help locate them in the event of the theft of that particular vehicle. If the vehicle is stolen, then the GPS receiver can be contacted to relay the exact location of the stolen vehicle. Used previously only by the government and large companies, GPS tracking systems can be purchased by anyone to install in their own domestic vehicle.
The benefits of GPS tracking systems are amazing. From a small GPS receiver, almost anything can be pinpointed to its exact global location. The use for GPS tracking systems will continue to grow as technology advances. Presently, though, consumers can continue to take advantage of the opportunities currently provided by GPS tracking systems. Liam Neeson ha avuto un 60esimo compleanno memorabile – per più di una ragione!
L’attore irlandese, al quale hanno brindato 40 amici durante una cena privata presso il Waverly Inn di New York City lo scorso giovedì, ha preferito usare il bagno delle donne, invece di aspettare che si liberasse quello degli uomini. E secondo Page Six, la sua visita ha regalato una piacevole sorpresa alle signore.
"Non indovinerai mai chi c’è nel bagno delle donne", avrebbe detto una donna in fila a un’altra persona, confidandole che si trattava di Neeson.
Quando è finalmente uscito, è stato gentile come sempre, e si è scusato con le donne in fila: “Mi dispiace moltissimo, vi chiedo scusa”. Un testimone dice che ha anche tenuto la porta aperta per far entrare la prima signora della fila.
"Puoi usare il mio bagno quando vuoi”, ha detto un’ospite all’attore.
Photo: © www.splashnews.com As the days get warmer, many of us spend more time outside. Protecting skin from the sun should be a priority. In this podcast, Dawn Holman discusses ways to prevent skin cancer. Created: 5/17/2012 by MMWR.
Date Released: 5/17/2012. Series Name: A Cup of Health with CDC.
A CUP OF HEALTH WITH CDC
Protect Your Skin
Sunburn and Protective Behaviors among Adults Aged 18–29 Years — United States, 2000–201
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�方位。除了具有象征意义的“三皇五帝陵”之外，目前经过考古证实的最早陵墓是位于河南安阳的殷墟王陵，自秦汉以降随着文献记载的丰富，陵墓的信息更加明确。帝王陵墓是我国珍贵的文化遗产，集中体现着历代王朝的政治诉求、礼仪制度、社会思想以及宗教信仰等···
《尚书》中，大禹将“知人”“安民”两件事称为“惟帝其难之”，孔子继承了这种表达，在《论语》中用“尧舜其犹病诸”来形容理想的施政境界。子贡曰：“如有博施于民而能济众，何如？可谓仁乎？”子曰：“何事于仁，必也圣乎！尧舜其犹病诸！”子路问君子，孔子说君子要做到“修己以敬”“修己以安人”“修己以安百姓”，并说：“修己以安百姓，尧舜其犹···
新石器时代，以农耕为基础的“满天星斗”“重瓣花朵”的区域文化，为什么最后月明星稀，只有二里头文化一枝独秀？
2022年7月23日下午，由曲阜师范大学礼乐文化研究与推广中心、尼山世界儒学中心孟子研究院、喀什大学国学院联合主办，洙泗书院、孟子书院承办的“慢庐·慢读”之《孟子》通讲第9期举行。本期由曲阜师范大学礼乐文化研究与推广中心主任宋立林担任主讲人，尼山世界儒学中心孔子研究院副研究员、礼乐文明中心副秘书长房伟担任与谈人，曲阜师···
汉惠帝时期，桂阳神医苏耽化鹤升天的事件引发广泛影响。首先，彼时与后代对苏耽生平史实及神话记述的书写呈现出两种不同的思想脉络，对二者进行对照分析足以发现其中历史事件和传说故事间的内在张力与外在矛盾。其次，苏耽之生平记述之生卒年月、身世渊源、故里籍贯等方面尚且值得细致考究。再次，苏耽之生平事迹与神话传说彰显了敬老···
札记是我国古代一种重要的著述形式，又称杂识、杂录、笔记、笔谈、丛谈、随笔、随录、漫录等，今人常以“笔记”一名统之。古代札记的内容涉及广泛，包罗宏富，上至天文、下至地理、中至人事，无所不赅。在种类多样的札记体著述中，有一种是以学术问题探讨为主要内容，可称之为学术札记，其间多有真知灼见，是古代学术园地中一朵绚丽多彩···
近代以来，中国学术界谈到所谓“正义”理论时，每每习惯以西文“justice”一词作基础，许多社会问题的论述也依此而展开。现在学者们清晰地看到，随着“西学”的强势进入，以儒学为主体的传统文化遇冷，中国学术界对“中国正义论”传统“集体失语”。殊不知，中国的“正义”学说更加根深叶茂、内涵丰富，是核心价值观念的深厚土壤和牢固根基。
古代“扼中江之冲”的芜湖从古一直绵延至今的书院就是创立于清朝乾隆三十年（1765年）的中江书院，已有250多年的历史。乾隆三十年（1765年），以荐举提拔而“政绩最著”的李世杰擢升安徽宁池太广道道台，一向重视教育的他来到治所所在地芜湖后，就鼓励乡绅捐资在河（即今芜湖青弋江）南蔡庙巷内创建了中江书院，囿于财力，其时规模并不大。
王守仁（1472—1529），字伯安，别号阳明。浙江余姚人，曾筑室于会稽山阳明洞，自号阳明子，被人称为阳明先生。他是陆王心学之集大成者。徐渭曾经说过“王羲之以书掩其人，王守仁则以人掩其书”。王阳明的书法存世量非常少。不过，从他所存的书法墨迹来看，其水平之高，完全可以跻身于有明一代一流书家之列。故朱彝尊称其“诗笔清婉，书法···
7月11日，尼山世界儒学中心主办的“中外青年学者文明对话暨泰山学者易学读书班”在济南举行。中外青年学者文明对话活动是儒学中心青年汉学家培养计划的重要组成部分，来自英国、伊朗、乌克兰、中国的青年学者近20人参加了对话会。
严复自言消极，体现的正是他传统的人生观。儒家理想是立德立功立言，他自觉事功方面无所作为，没能成为封疆大吏，不能直接安邦定国；著作等身，名满天下，仍是行有余力的馀事。此种心思，恰是一种积极的人生观，并非瘾君子的颓唐。
《文以载道——孟子文化精神研究》一书在哲学—观念史进路的引导下，化用“历史学的理想类型”与“社会学的理想类型”，提出孟子文化精神脱胎于源远流长的礼乐文明与诗书文化，从两线（道德理想主义、文化守成主义）、六点（仁且智、经而权、士则仕、学孔子、距杨墨、尚诗书）呈现孟子文化精神的具体内涵，从历史维度、多元视野厘定孟子文化···
首届屈原文化研究国际论坛1日在湖北宜昌开幕，百余名专家学者相聚屈原故里，共论屈原文化的当代价值和世界意义。
中华文化之所以源远流长、生生不息，是因为其中包涵一系列独特的思想要素和精神密码，使中华文化获得强大生命力。民本思想是中华文明的核心政治理念，它既对中国传统政治思想形成产生重要作用，也对中国传统政治实践产生深刻的历史影响。从中西文化交流与融合的视角考察，民本思想对中国政治文化的近代转型与中国化民主的不断探索，均···
孟子的性善论，又称性本善，早有荀子反对之，以为性本恶，孰是孰非，千年争论不休，今日不妨述解以息之。
唐君毅先生是第一个明确地提出“有一中国之语言哲学之传统”之重大问题的哲学家，对于中国语言哲学研究，他既有展开又有展望。关于中国语言哲学的重要主题，他明锐地察觉到中国先哲对言默之运用即为中国语言哲学传统的具体表现，他的中国语言哲学研究，以言与默为主题，以“即哲学史以论哲学”的方法来展开的。
春秋为礼义之大宗。孔子之作六经，其书虽殊，其道则未尝不同条共贯也，其折衷则在春秋，故曰志在春秋。春秋为改制之书，包括天人，而礼尤其改制之著者。故通乎春秋，而礼在所不言矣。
董子曰：仲尼之作《春秋》也，上探天端，正王公之位，万民之所欲；下明得失，起贤才以待后圣。故引史记理往事，正是非，序王公。史记十二公之间，皆衰世之事，故门人惑。孔子曰：吾因其行事，而加乎王心焉。
尼山真境久睽违，返日谁将戈麈挥。法借二西达缘在，时成六位入几微。燕山云暗龙飞去，沧海月明桴不归。今夜梦回故园里，先生含笑坐遥帷。
商与周的宗法和祭祀制度，并非如礼书及学者所谓截然分立，商周文化因革损益不仅体现在殷商鼎革之际，而且贯穿有周一代，周人文化诸多方面均体现了商文化与周文化互相交融、互相影响的特征。
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3D Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) Articulograph AG501提供了如何解决语音研究中的力学问题，它能够实时的测量数据，并将数据自动保存，并且以图形的方式进行分析。它的研究领域是研究语音的声学特性以及力学特性。它的传感器被分布在300mm的球形区域之内通过网络将信号直接输入电脑来进行语音分析，它可以通过三维坐标（x.y.z.）实时观测语音发声运动。
1.三维坐标（x.y.z.）实时显示数据，可以自动的保存数据，对数据进行分析。
2.300m的球形测量范围，以及0.3mmRMS的高精度测量范围。
3.实时显示头部运动校准数据。
4.可用强大的MATLAB对我们所获得的数据进行处理分析。
产品参数：
通道：8/16/24
采样频率：1250HZ或250HZ
重量：65KG
主机:无载体的利达电脑.以及带有红色盒子的电子（39cm*25.5cm*9 cm）.集成系统
校准单元 小型集成电路分析，信号可直接通过网络输入到带系统软件的DELL电脑
机动性 因为减
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önce söylediklerini tam olarak anlayamadığını görebiliyordum. Ama ben duymak istediklerini duyduğumdan emindim.: İki, iki ve iki, White Heart Lane'de bana yapılan teklifteki gibi toplam altı yıl.Detayları beklemeye ihtiyacım yoktu.
"İmzalamak istiyorum"
Ve işte o zaman dolmakalem çıktı.Ne kadar sürmüştü? Bir dakika mı? Fark etmez.Bu sözleri söylemek için on yıl boyunca beklemiştim.(Benim Hikayem, David Beckham, Syf 37-38)
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Manchester'a çağrıldığında David ile ilgileniyor ferguson diğer her çocukla olduğu gibi. Orada David ona dolmakalem hediye ediyor ve Ferguson da ona şöyle diyordu:
"David, bunu saklayacağım ve sözleşmeni bununla imzalayacağım"
işte sözleşme anında çıkan dolmakalem budur..
俄勒冈州的纽波特市，依山傍海，景色宜人，是商业人士喜欢的度假地，但只有一条翻山越岭的州际公路通向外界。前去度假一趟，要先到波特兰市，再顶着山风开车170公里，才能到达目的地。现在，这一状况终于有了改善，美国西北部山区推出的“空中的士”为来往的人们提供了便利。
父子开创“飞的”业务
1996年，一对名为莫罗的父子，向俄勒冈州航空管理局注册了一家小航空公司。其主要业务大致相当于一个支线航班。“9·11”事件后，美各大航空公司的业务都在下滑，最近两年中，有39个小城市的飞机航班被完全取消。莫落父子看中这一商机，于去年4月正式挂出“空中的士”的招牌。
美国西北部有数百个被称为“社区机场”的小型机场，它们大都离大型机场很近，基础设施良好。“空中的士”因地制宜，利用这些机场，开通了客运航线。据公司的业务员介绍，“空中的士”主要是从大型机场运送乘客到偏远小地方。顾客乘班机抵达某大型机场，登上“空中的士”，再从小机场起飞就可到达目的地。到目前为止，“空中的士”已遍布美国西北部的85个城市，运送人次达3700人。
服务灵活、便捷舒适
“空中的士”使用的是双引擎CESSNA小飞机，平均时速约340公里，飞行高度3050—4880米，足可以穿行任何山区。“空中的士”最重视的是乘客安全，由首席标准师制定各项设备运行的标准尺度。要求飞行员起码有2000小时的安全飞行纪录。
“空中的士”的服务宗旨是快速、便捷、舒适，所以虽然CESSNA飞机有6个座位，但规定每趟飞行，乘客不超过4人。“空中的士”的服务方式有点像公共汽车。中间要停站接人的，称为普通服务；中间不停站的，叫快速服务；单为一人开一趟的，叫做全快速服务。
搭乘“空中的士”，先要通过电话预订，普通服务须在3天前预订。公司根据第一个预订乘客的要求来规划和调整每一班飞机的起飞时间。
小飞机客运前景不错
比起普通航班，“空中的士”的确贵了不少。从波特兰到纽波特，只有100英里距离，半小时飞行时间，票价却超过120美元。同样的价格，可以坐特别快车从华盛顿到纽约。而在美国，飞机航班一般都比火车便宜。不过搭乘“空中的士”的人大都认为，用更多的钱买来舒适和方便非常值得。
莫罗父子认为自己代表了一种新潮流，并准备向全美和加拿大进军。据说航空航天局（NASA）的专家也认为，美国航空业大城市空中拥堵、小城市又缺少航班的问题惟有通过小型飞机运输系统来解决。而莫罗父子，正是开了一个好头。 lunes, 11 de junio de 2012
Gough (2006): Un largo, sinuoso (y duro) camino para la EA para la Sustentabilidad en 2006
A Long, Winding (and Rocky) Road to Environmental Education for Sustainability in 2006. Annette Gough.
The path that has led us to being in the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014) has its origins in the 1960s, and there have been many hills, potholes and detours along the way. In this article I trace the international pathway from the 1960s to 2006 to provide a context for developments in Australia over the same period.
In the 1960s scientists around the world were calling for recognition that there was an international environmental crisis caused by the growth in world population, the continuing depletion of natural resources and the increasing contamination of air, land and water. These environmental problems were often seen as scientific problems which science and technology could solve, but increasingly even the scientists themselves were arguing that science and technology were not enough. They wanted more information about the environment for the general public: for example, Rachel Carson (1962, p. 30) argued that “(t)he public must decide whether it wishes to continue on the present road, and it can do so only when in full possession of the facts”. Scientists also saw education as essential for providing students with an awareness of the threats to the human species and stimulating thinking and discussion on the social and biological problems of humankind (Boyden, 1970, cited in Gough, 1997, p. 4).
The term “environmental education” was first used around 1965 in the United States and the United Kingdom. For example, in March 1965 at a conference at the University of Keele it was agreed that environmental education “should become an essential part of the education of all citizens, not only because of the importance of their understanding something of their environment but because of its immense educational potential in assisting the emergence of a scientifically literate nation” (Wheeler, 1975, p.8). The descriptions of the objectives of environmental education which emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s were concerned with introducing ecological (environmental) content into educational curricula at all levels, promoting technical training and stimulating general awareness of environmental problems. These statements were more exhortations than specifications which made environmental education seem vague, as Helgeson et al. (1971, quoted in Lucas, 1979, p. 6), in a review of environmental education for school administrators, commented: “The reluctance of persons concerned with environmental problems and environmental education to define the area of their concerns has led to a diffuseness in the discussion which is unlikely to lead to useful analysis of the problems or to the successful resolution of them”. Thirty-five years on similar discussions abound around the vagueness of education for sustainability/sustainable development!
Tomado de Gough, A. (2006): A Long, Winding (and Rocky) Road to Environmental Education for Sustainability in 2006. Australian Journal of Environmental Education, vol. 22(1), 2006. 碘是新陈代谢和生长发育必需的微量营养素，是人体合成甲状腺激素的主要原料。甲状腺激素参与身体新陈代谢，维持所有器官的正常功能，促进人体，尤其是大脑的生长发育。
碘缺乏病（iodine deficiency disorders,IDD）是由于自然环境碘缺乏，造成机体碘营养不良，所表现的一组疾病的总称。
碘缺乏在人体不同生长发育阶段的表现形式不大一样，具体来说：
胎儿期：流产、死胎、先天畸形，围产期死亡率增高、婴幼儿期死亡率增高，地方性克汀病，神经运动功能发育落后，胎儿甲状腺功能减退；
新生儿期：新生儿甲状腺功能减退，新生儿甲状腺肿；
儿童期和青春期：甲状腺肿，青春期甲状腺功能减退，亚克汀，智力发育障碍、体格发育障碍，单纯聋哑；
成人期：甲状腺肿及其并发症，甲状腺功能减退，智力障碍。
虽然碘对人体健康很重要，但也不是补得越多越好。
摄入过量的碘，将会扰乱甲状腺的正常功能，既可以导致甲状腺功能亢进，也可以导致甲状腺功能减退，孕妇暴露于高碘可导致新生儿甲状腺肿和甲状腺机能减退。
我国地理环境比较复杂，碘缺乏地区和高水碘地区并存。卫生部根据水碘水平，把我国划分为缺碘地区（＜10g/L）、适碘地区（10-150g/L）及高碘地区（＞150g/L）。
例如，我国青海大部分地区水碘仅为0.7g/L，属于缺碘地区；上海地区的水碘为20g/L左右，属于适碘地区；渤海湾部分地区水碘含量高达1000g/L左右，属于高碘地区。
事实上，我国多数地区都属于程度不同的缺碘地区。20世纪90年代，全国约有7.2亿人生活在缺碘地区，碘缺乏病分布于1807个县，27128个乡。针对碘缺乏病，最简便、安全、有效的预防方式就是——食用碘盐。
由于目前我国大多数居民的饮用水碘含量在5g/L及以下，在这种情况下，如果不食用碘盐，仅从食物和饮用水中摄入的碘是达不到膳食推荐摄入量的。另外，即便是沿海地区的人们，依然有必要食用碘盐来补碘。
2009年，卫生部在辽宁、上海、浙江和福建4个省（市）沿海地区开展的居民碘营养状况和膳食碘摄入量调查结果显示：
我国沿海地区居民碘营养总体水平适宜，但仍有一定比例的孕妇碘营养不足；
沿海地区居民从膳食中（包括碘盐）获得的碘量是安全的；
沿海地区水产品不是膳食碘摄入的主要来源，食盐中的含碘量以及食盐的消费量对于膳食碘的摄入量贡献率约占80%，盐碘是膳食碘摄入的主要来源。
当然，对于某些水碘含量高于150g/L的地区来说，即使不食用加碘盐，也可以保证居民的碘摄入量达到适宜和安全范围，食用加碘盐反而增加��
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Israel” translates to “Hear, O Israel” and serves as an essential prayer in the Jewish faith.
The first section of the prayer explains the importance of faith and how to live by it. You should love God, teach the faith to your children, recite your faith every day, and keep a symbol of the faith on your body. The first line of the section declares that the Lord is God and that He is one.
The second section explains what happens if people obey and worship God. By heeding to Him, you can expect blessings, such as rain and abundant crops. By not following, the opposite occurs.
To ensure that worshipers remember these instructions, the final section of the prayer regards tzitzit. These are traditional fringes that Orthodox men wear as a reminder of God’s presence and existence.
Traditional Jews recite the prayer twice daily, just as the Shema commands them. Once in the morning and again at night. It is also a tradition to recite the prayer at your time of death.
Typically, when reciting the Shema, people cover their eyes. This is to help them concentrate on the prayer’s meaning.
When saying the prayer in the morning, there are three blessings to be spoken as well. The two preceding blessings talk about gratification for God’s creation and revelation. After the two blessings, the Shema is recited. Following that is the final blessing, which thanks God for redemption.
The text of the Shema appears to be very long. However, it is traditional for Jews to learn and memorize the prayer at a young age. Knowing the prayer by heart is a symbol of holding with you some of the most fundamental beliefs about God.
The first section of the prayer, containing the most crucial line, comes from Deuteronomy chapter six, verses five through nine:
You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. Take to heart these instructions with which I charge you this day. Impress them upon your children. Recite them when you stay at home and when you are away, when you lie down and when you get up. Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead, inscribe them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.
Prayer necklaces are one way of how Jews can bind their faith to themselves. Nano Style creates beautiful jewelry that represent different religious aspects. You can find various accessories that display the Shema.
Nano Style engraves the Shema with unique nano technology, which precisely and meticulously etches the prayer at the nano scale- between one and 100 nanometers. For reference, a nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Your necklace is carefully crafted and handled, just like your faith. Masaj yağları, doğal içerikli yapıları sayesinde cilde ve rahatlatıcı masajlara yardımcı olacak özelliklere sahiptirler. Bitkisel, mineral ve esansiyel olmak üzere üç farklı türde masaj yağı vardır. Bitkisel yağlar, badem yağı, hint yağı gibi yağlardan elde edilirken, mineral yağlar petrol bazlıdır. Esansiyel yağlar ise bitkilerin çiçeklerinden, yapraklarından ve dallarından elde edilen yağlardır.
Masaj yağları, cilde doğrudan uygulanabilir ve hafifçe ovularak emilim sağlanabilir. Masörlerin ellerine küçük bir miktar alarak masaj yapmaları veya cilde direkt olarak uygulamaları önerilir. Bu yağlar aynı zamanda cildi nemlendirerek ciltteki lezyonların iyileşmesine yardımcı olabilirler. Bitkisel yağlar genellikle daha popülerdir, ancak mineral ve esansiyel yağlar da harika seçeneklerdir.
Masaj Yağlarının Çeşitleri
Masaj işlemi, rahatlamak veya ağrıları hafifletmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Masaj yağları, masaj işleminin farklı çeşitleri için kullanılan farklı yağ türleridir. Bu yağlar üç farklı grupta incelenir; bitkisel, mineral ve esansiyel yağlar. Bitkisel masaj yağları genellikle bitki özleri, sebzeler veya tohumlardan elde edilir. Mineral yağlar petrol bazlıdır ve daha yavaş emilirler. Esansiyel yağlar ise bitkilerin yaprakları, çiçekleri ve dallarından elde edilirler ve cilde doğrudan uygulanabilen en yoğun yağ grubudur. Masaj yağları, masaj işlemi esnasında cilde doğrudan uygulanabilir veya cildi nemlendirmek veya ağrıları hafifletmek için kullanılabilir.
Bitkisel Masaj Yağları
Bitkisel masaj yağları, masaj işlemi sırasında kullanılan en yaygın masaj yağı çeşitlerindendir. Bu yağlar, farklı bitki özlerinden veya tohumlardan elde edilirler ve cilt üzerinde tonik, antiseptik ve nemlendirici etkileri bulunur. Badem yağı, hassas ciltlerin tercih edebileceği bir masaj yağıdır. Gözenekleri tıkamaz ve hızla emilir. Kokusuz bir masaj yağı arayanlar için hint yağı idealdir. Jojoba yağı, antioksidan özellikleri ile bilinir ve cildi nemlendirirken, aynı zamanda sivilce ve lekelerin giderilmesine yardımcı olur. Ayçiçeği yağı da bir diğer popüler bitkisel masaj yağıdır.
Bitkisel yağlar, masaj yaparken doğrudan cilde uygulanabilir. Ancak, cildin yağı daha hızlı emmesi için hafifçe masaj yapılabilir. Bitkisel masaj yağları, cilde nemlilik sağlamak, ciltteki lezyonları tedavi etmek veya ağrıları hafifletmek için kullanılabilir. Kullanmadan önce, daha önce kullanılmamış bir bitkisel masaj yağının alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olabileceği ve test edilmesi gerektiği unutulmamalıdır.
Badem Yağı
Badem yağı, hassas ciltler için idealdir. Cilde zarar vermez ve gözenekleri tıkamaz. Aynı zamanda kolayca emilir, masaj esnasında cildi nemlendirir ve yatıştırır. Badem yağı, cildin doğal nem dengesini korumasına yardımcı olur. Alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olmayan doğal bir yağdır ve cildinizi rahatlatır. Masaj sırasında, badem yağı kullanmak rahatlama hissi verir ve sizi rahatlatır. Bu nedenle badem yağı, günlük bakım rutininizde veya masaj terapisi için ideal bir seçenektir.
Hindistan Cevizi Yağı
Hindistan cevizi yağı, özellikle tropikal bölgelerde yetişen palmiye ağacından elde edilir. Masaj yağı olarak kullanımı oldukça yaygındır. Kokusu ve nemlendirici özellikleriyle bilinen Hindistan cevizi yağı, aynı zamanda ciltteki enfeksiyonları önlemeye yardımcı olabilir. İyi bir antioksidan kaynağıdır ve içerdiği yağ asitleri sayesinde cildin doğal su kaybını önler. Cildinizi nemlendirirken aynı zamanda cildin bariyer fonksiyonunu da artırarak, cildi korur. Hindistan cevizi yağının kullanımı oldukça kolaydır ve masaj esnasında doğrudan cilde uygulanabilir.
Ayrıca, Hindistan cevizi yağı, saç bakımı için de sıkça kullanılır. Saçların nem dengesini korumak ve saç köklerini beslemek için kullanılabilir. Masaj yaparak cilde uygulayanlara her anlamda fayda sağlayan bir masaj yağı olarak bilinir.
Mineral Masaj Yağları
Mineral masaj yağları, petrol bazlı yağlardan elde edilir. Diğer masaj yağlarına göre daha pahalıdırlar ve yavaş emilirler. Genellikle, mineral masaj yağları, diğer yağlarla karıştırılarak kullanılır. Bu tür yağlar, cildi yumuşatırken aynı zamanda nemlendirmeye de yardımcı olur. Vazelin gibi mineral masaj yağları cildi nemlendirir ve koruyucu bir bariyer oluşturur. Bu tür yağlar diğer yağlar kadar doğal değildir, bu nedenle kimyasal bileşenleri bazı hassas ciltler için bir sorun olabilir.
Vazelin
Vazelin, mineral bazlı bir yağ çeşididir. Ciltte koruyucu bir bariyer oluşturarak, nemin kaybını önlemeye yardımcı olur. Aynı zamanda cildi yumuşatır ve nemlendirir. Özellikle kuru ve çatlamış ciltler için ideal bir seçenektir. Masajda da kullanılabilir, ancak diğer masaj yağlarına göre daha yavaş emilir. Vazelin, birkaç damla esansiyel yağla karıştırılarak bileşenleri arttırılabilir ve farklı bir etki yaratabilir. Ancak, hassas ciltlerde alerjik reaksiyona neden olabileceği unutulmamalıdır.
Esansiyel Masaj Yağları
Esansiyel masaj yağları, bitkilerin yaprakları, çiçekleri ve dallarından elde edilen yağlardır. Bu yağlar, doğal bir kokuya sahiptir ve terapi amacıyla kullanılırlar. Esansiyel yağların kullanımı çok eski zamanlara dayansa da, günümüzde halen çok tercih edilmektedir.
Birkaç damla kullanımı yeterlidir ve cilde direkt olarak uygulanabilir. Cildin emilimi kolay olduğu için cilt tarafından kolayca emilir. Lavanta yağı, stresi azaltmak ve uyku kalitesini artırmak için kullanılırken, nane yağı sinirleri sakinleştirmek ve zihni canlandırmak için kullanılabilir. Adaçayı yağı ağrıların hafifletilmesinde etkilidir. Tek başına kullanıldığında ya da diğer masaj yağları ile karıştırılarak kullanılabilirler.
Esansiyel masaj yağları hafifçe cilde uygulandığında, cildin rahatlamasını sağlar ve cilt tarafından kolayca emilir. Esansiyel masaj yağları, masajın etkinliğini artırırken, cildin görünümünü de geliştirir.
Lavanta Yağı
Lavanta yağı, çiçeklerinden elde edilen bir yağdır ve masaj yağları arasında en popüler olanlardan biridir. Lavanta yağının en bilinen faydalarından biri, stresi azaltma ve uyku kalitesini artırma etkisidir. Masaj sırasında kullanıldığında, vücudun rahatlamasına ve sakinleşmesine yardımcı olabilir.
Bunun yanı sıra, lavanta yağı aynı zamanda cilt için de faydalıdır. İyi bir nemlendirici ve antibakteriyel temizleyici olarak bilinir. Cilt lezyonlarına ve enfeksiyonlara karşı koruma sağlayabilir. Ayrıca lavanta yağı içeren ürünlerin cildi sakinleştirdiği ve tahrişi giderdiği bilinmektedir.
Lavanta yağı, masaj yağları arasında en güvenli olanlardan biridir ve genellikle alerjik reaksiyonlara neden olmaz. Ancak, hamilelerin ve emziren annelerin kullanmadan önce doktorlarına danışmaları önerilir.
Adaçayı Yağı
Adaçayı yağı, ağrıları hafifletmek, kasları gevşetmek ve sinirleri yatıştırmak için kullanılan bir masaj yağıdır. Ayrıca cildi güçlendirmek ve antiseptik özellikleri sayesinde ciltteki enfeksiyonlara karşı koruma sağlamak amacıyla da kullanılır. Adaçayı yağı, aynı zamanda cildin gençleşmesine yardımcı olur ve cildin esnekliğini artırır.
- Adaçayı yağı, ağrıları hafifletmek için özellikle migren ve baş ağrısı gibi durumlarda kullanılır.
- Yatıştırıcı özellikleri sayesinde, uyku sorunu olan kişiler tarafından masaj sırasında uygulanarak uykudan önceki stresi azaltmak amacıyla da kullanılabilir.
- Ayrıca selülit problemi olan kişilerin yağlarına da adaçayı yağı eklenerek, ciltteki su birikimlerinin azaltılmasına yardımcı olabilir.
Genellikle birkaç damla kullanılan adaçayı yağı,
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, which have a lot of fiber, are ideal for helping to treat depressive states and to neutralize anxiety.
– Dried fruits such as nuts, almonds, or hazelnuts have good levels of tryptophan.
– Meats and proteins in general, especially fish or chicken, are good sources of tryptophan.
– Bananas are full of nutrients and fiber; they are also rich in vitamins, minerals, and trace elements, and provide the body with a rapid energy supply.
– Pineapple is rich in minerals and vitamins and contains active elements that stimulate the production of serotonin, And if we eat pineapple at night, it will be a natural capsule to sleep, since the brain turns tryptophan into melatonin, the sleep hormone.
Complex carbohydrates are absorbed by the body in a completely different way than simple carbohydrates. Simple carbohydrates such as white rice and white bread increase blood sugar levels very quickly, causing insulin levels to rise, which will drop after a while. Complex carbohydrates are absorbed much more slowly by the body, avoiding the brutal highs and lows caused by simple carbohydrates.
Complex carbohydrates are:
– pulses like peas and lentils
– whole wheat bread
– complete pasta
– complete rice
– starchy vegetables such as sweet potatoes
Healthy fatty acids like omega-3
Omega-3 fatty acids have an effect on how serotonin works in the brain. DHA is an essential constituent of the brain that must be replenished through foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3s are found in:
– fish, such as salmon and fish oils
– nuts, seeds, and oils based on seeds.
Eating dark chocolate increases serotonin levels in part because of resveratrol – a natural substance in grapes, blackberries, peanuts, cocoa -. Resveratrol increases both the levels of endorphins and serotonin.
Avoid Caffeine-Based Drinks, Especially Energy Drinks
Caffeine suppresses serotonin, which may also explain why it also suppresses hunger. Energy drinks contain a lot of sugar that is absorbed very quickly by the body, but this also causes a drop in energy as soon as the insulin begins to fall.
8 – The Influence of the Maternal DNA on the Fetal Brain – Importance of Serotonin
At conception, the father and mother each transmit part of their genetic heritage. The genetic inheritance of the mother would intervene directly during the pregnancy on the normal development of the fetus, independently of the genes acquired with the conception.
According to the work of French researchers led by Jacques Mallet and Francine, part of the CNRS, published in 2011 in the minutes of the American Academy of Sciences, the PNAS, the maternal influence intervenes on the fetus independently of the genes that it has thus acquired from his parents.
This discovery has implications for understanding autism, a developmental disorder, or irritable bowel syndrome that affects 20% of the population.
Researchers have established the crucial role of maternal serotonin – dependent on its own genes – on fetal development, particularly of the brain, but also of the heart and digestive tract. They demonstrated that in the early embryonic stages, serotonin comes from the mother.
To prove it, the researchers used genetically modified mice. Some of them have been deprived of a gene (“tph1” gene) responsible for 95% of serotonin carried by the blood. They then made genetic crosses for breeding animals.
Results: Only One Element Dominates, the Maternal Blood Level of Serotonin.
If it is collapsed, newborns, regardless of their own ability (normal or failing) to produce this substance, have abnormalities in brain architecture, and their size is 15% to 30% lower compared to those from mothers whose serotonin level is normal. Conversely, if the maternal level is normal, the baby is developing normally.
The Paternal Influence on This Chapter Appears Nil.
Researchers believe that this mother-child interaction raises the question of very premature babies. It will be necessary to study with attention the rate of serotonin of the mother and possibly the effects of the drugs (antidepressants for example) which act on this substance.
Special care of pregnant women belonging to families at increased risk of pathologies for which a link with a disruption of this substance has been suggested (autism, phenylketonuria – cause of mental retardation – irritable bowel syndrome) could be considered. 配对您的帐户。
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使用吸塑测试研究了在芯中包含愈合剂（树脂单体和固化剂）的核壳纳米纤维垫粘附到基材上的能力。在延长的周期性弯曲之后，测量了粘合能，并考虑了自修复对复合材料从基材剥离的影响。另外，使用起泡测试检查了两层自修复纳米纤维的内聚力，并将其与普通纳米纤维垫的内聚力进行了比较。长期周期性弯曲对两个纳米纤维垫的界面造成的损坏被证明具有自我修复作用，并测量了内聚能。 WW1 Inventions Weapons, and New Technology: WW1 inventions and new technology were not just confined to the areas of weapons. Other inventions of WW1 included the Gas Mask, the Geiger Counter, Einstein's Theory of Relativity, Safety Glass, Stainless steel, the Zipper, the Bra, Crosswords, the Lipstick tube and the first Electric Stove
WW1 Inventions, Weapons and New Technology Fact File: Inventions: Tanks *** Fighter Aircraft *** Bombers *** Anti-aircraft guns *** Guided Missiles *** Anti-aircraft guns *** U-Boats *** Air-to-ground communication *** Flamethrowers *** Trench mortars *** Armor-piercing Ammunition *** Concrete pill box *** Poison gas *** Anti-submarine weapons *** SONAR *** Gas Mask *** Safety Glass *** Stainless steel *** Zipper *** Bra *** Crossword *** Lipstick tube *** Electric Stove *** WW1 Inventions and New Technology ***
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Tanks: The great weapon of WW1 was the tank. The Tank was heavily armored and armed, easy to steer and designed to carry cannon and heavy loads over rough ground and trenches on their distinctive caterpillar tracks. The first combat tank was ready by January 1916 and the first use of tanks was by the British at the Battle of Flers–Courcelette in September 1916.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-tank guns: During WW1, both the British and Germans deployed elephant guns, obtained from their African colonies, had enough force to punch through armored tanks. Anti-tank guns were then specifically invented and designed to destroy enemy armored vehicles (tanks) by firing anti-tank ammunition from longer-barreled guns. The first anti-tank rifle was the Mauser 13 mm anti-tank rifle that was developed by the Germans.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Armor-piercing Ammunition: The invention of Armor-piercing Ammunition was necessary to counter the tanks. Reversed Bullets, K Bullets were used as armor-piercing WW1 weapons.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Bombers: The Albatros F-2 was the first aircraft to be developed as a bomber using grenades or grenade-like devices as bombs. The first fighter aircraft used in WW1 were small and relatively simple to build but underwent rapid development during the war to become bombers as aerial drop bombs were quickly developed. The bombers played a pivotal role in the outcome of WW1.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Air-to-ground communication: Air-to-ground communication was invented in June 1915 when the world's first air-to-ground voice transmission took place at Brooklands airfield in Surrey, England and in 1916 the Marconi Company based in England began production of air-to-ground radio transmitters and receivers which were used in WW1 over France.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Aerial Drop Bombs: As new weapon technology advanced aerial drop bombs were invented with new release mechanisms to suit the designs of the new bomber aircraft. High-capacity aerial drop bombs were used for general demolition purposes. Fragmentation bombs were deployed against military personnel and Incendiary bombs were used ammunition dumps and aerodromes.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-aircraft guns: Heavy bombing raids prompted a major re-evaluation of air strategy and defence. The invention of Anti-aircraft guns were developed against aerial attack. The requirement for Anti-aircraft guns led to the development of range finders, searchlights, time fuzes, and gun laying elevation mechanisms to help artillery pieces hit the rapidly moving airplane targets.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Guided Missiles: Early guided missiles were developed during World War I although they were never actually used in battle. The British developed a system that used radio signals to guide a flying bomb to its target and the Americans worked on an unpiloted biplane bomber called the "Kettering Bug".
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Trench Mortars: Trench Mortars as known as 'minenwerfer', literally meaning 'mine-thrower', were developed by the Germans and consisted of rifled mortars mounted upon field carriages. Trench Mortars were used to take out enemy machine gun posts and the Allies soon developed their own mortar weapon technology and introduced their own Trench Mortar weapons and mortar bombs.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Poison gas: Chemical weapons, known as poison gas, including chlorine gas, mustard gas and phosgene gas were the most terrifying of all the weapons used during WW1. Poison gas attacks were used against soldiers in the trenches and could result in death and agonizing injuries.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Gas Mask: The only defence soldiers could use against poison gas attacks in the trenches were gas masks. The person credited with inventing the modern Gas Mask in 1914 is the African American inventor Garrett Morgan.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Flamethrowers (Flammenwerfer): Flamethrowers (Flammenwerfer), a mechanical incendiary device designed to project a long, controllable stream of fire, were developed by Bernhard Reddemann and Richard Fiedler. Flamethrowers were introduced as a deadly weapon in WW1 by the Germans in the battle of Ypres salient in 1915.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Rifles: Rifles were invented in the mid 1800's but underwent significant improvements and became the most crucial infantry weapon throughout WW1. All of the major powers introduced new models of rifles that were small-bore, bolt-action weapons capable of firing multiple rounds from a spring-loaded clip inserted into a rifle magazine. The new rifle models used as weapons in WW1 were the British Lee-Enfield, the French Lebel and Berthier, the U.S. Springfield and the 'American Enfield', the Canadian Ross rifle and the German Mauser.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Safety Glass: The invention of safety glass coincided with the outbreak of WW1 and reduced the risk of injury from large jagged glass shards into the less harmful safety glass that shattered into tiny, relatively harmless fragments. The three-layer safety glass triplex were used in the window panels on aircraft and was also used in the manufacture of aviation goggles and gas masks.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - U-Boats: The U-Boats, undersea boats, was the name of the submarines used by Germany during WW1, and later in WW2 (199 - 1945). The typical U-boat was 214 feet long, carried 35 men and twelve torpedoes. The German U-boat could travel underwater for two hours at a time.
WW1 Weapons, Inventions and New Technology - Anti-submarine weapons: The invention of Anti-submarine weapons was necessary to combat the threat of submarines and protect battleships by using depth charges, mines and submarine torpedoes.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - SONAR: SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) system was originally invented in 1906 by Lewis Nixon as as a means for detecting icebergs. In 1915, Paul Langevin invented the first sonar type device for detecting submarines, called an "echo location to detect submarines" but it was not fully developed until the end of WW1.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Pill Box: The invention of the concrete Pill Box, so named because they were the same shape as the boxes in which chemists supplied medications, were developed as a form of fortifications and defences along the coast of England.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Stainless steel: The invention of Stainless Steel, or rustless steel, was made in 1914 by the British inventor Harry Brearley and was used in manufacturing aircraft engines during WW1.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Zipper: The invention of the Zipper was made by Gideon Sundback in 1913. Zippers were used as hook-less fasteners that were sewn into flying suits to make them windproof.
WW1 Inventions and New Technology - Lipstick tube: The invention of the Lipstick tube was invented in 1915 by the American inventor Maurice Levy before the US entered WW1 on April 6, 1917. In September, after the Food and Drug Administration authorized certain Covid-19 treatments based more on presidential puffery than on clinical data, some physicians decided to take matters into their own hands.
As the coronavirus vaccines have rolled out across the US, the process has been confusing and disastrous. States, left by the federal government to fend for themselves, have struggled to get a handle on the logistics of distribution. Many, including Georgia, Virginia, and California, have fallen woefully behind schedule.
The pandemic is testing our societal structures like never before. To deal with it successfully, we need to think and act collectively, led by our key institutions. But at a time when unity is critical, are we about to see the effects of a long-standing and corrosive drip feed of mistrust?
Schools are likely to require students to get Covid-19 vaccines in the future, potentially setting the stage for a showdown between reluctant parents and education officials.
It’s hard to imagine a day when people will be as nonchalant about getting their COVID-19 vaccine as they are about getting their flu shot, but it is one possible future reality, experts say.
Earlier this summer, the Summit super
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metals slumber, was of old considered unlawful and sacrilegious. Why is it that an ancient awe attaches to the art of metal working? Why have the myths so many evil deeds and disasters to report in connection with this craft, ever since the days of Daedalus? The gods manifestly do not love man the maker; they oppose him violently at times, while at other times they suffer him as a half-burlesque figure by their side, like Hephaistos. They beat down the revolt and the presumption of the Titans. But all technology is of titanic mold, and man the maker, is always of the race of the Titans. And so we meet him first of all in volcanic landscapes. From his titanic kinship stems his love for the enormous, the gigantic, the colossal; his delight in towering works that impress by their quantity and mass, the vastness of their piled-up matter. That trait, incidentally, explains why man the technician so often lacks a sense of beauty and proportion; he is not an artist. The myth of the Battle of the Titans and the myth of Prometheus tell us how the Greeks, the most artistic of all peoples, the familiars of beauty's golden rule, overcame the temptation to ally themselves with the Titans. And there can be no doubt that this myth once and for all described the comparatively modest role of the machine in antiquity. His restless industry, his busy activity, his eccentric thirst for power make man the gadgeteer hateful to the gods. The majesty of Zeus is fullness of being, quiescent strength. The strength of Prometheus, in contrast, lies in rebellious upheaval, in the urge to cast Zeus from his golden throne, to drive out all gods, and to make himself master of the world. Symbolically speaking, the technician is crippled in his mind also. He is one-eyed like all Cyclopes. His empiricism alone indicates this. He is not bothered by the question where ultimately his efforts lead. His factualness consists precisely in avoiding this question, because it lies outside the realm
of his work. We can expect from him technical thoughts, the kind which specialized knowledge can produce, but we must not expect from him any wisdom outside of the technical field. His preoccupation with facts not only prevents him from thinking about himself; it also blocks his approach to that more spiritual wisdom which cannot be reduced to mechanics. Still, his striving for power has limits that we can define, since we can delimit the zones wherein the present, near perfect, technology is effective. The pillage which is inseparable from its reckless and ruthless squandering of men and material cannot be continued for long. It ends with the exhaustion of those stores whereon this consuming technical progress rests. We often meet a tendency to represent these stores as inexhaustible, but such assertions are contradicted by the rationalism of exploitation. For this rationalization is the best yardstick for the decrease in natural wealth.12 All calculations concerning subterranean reserves are somewhat questionable , and they remain questionable even if the figures as such are beyond a doubt. For what all these statistics disregard is the fact that among the resources consumed by technical progress are the human resources. They fail to consider the limits of technological expansion, limits which are set by destructive forces, which rise against man and his works in the same degree as these elemental forces get harnessed in our engines. They forget, finally, that human organization is closely linked to the existence of unorganized wealth, that is, we organize for the uses of such wealth. Once, however, the unorganized wealth nears exhaustion, human organization sickens, becomes an end in itself, grows cancerously and without bounds; in the end it destroys all that is not organized. No human invention could possibly abolish the reciprocity between mechanical progression and elemental regression. With this reciprocity in mind, we hold a yardstick by which to measure those high hopes and expectations which are currently placed in new and unheard-of mechanical inventions. One of these is the claim that technical progress will, for instance, by atomic fission, supply man with energies of unfathomable scope, that man will succeed in tapping elemental powers far beyond anything hitherto known. Hopes for the harnessing of such powers are
perhaps not utopian. What is completely utopian is the naive optimism on which such speculations are based, and the innocence with which they are proffered. Is there anything man should fear more, anything that could become more terrible than that such discoveries and inventions should achieve success? What possibilities for destruction open up where such inventions are made!13 Science fiction, for which this kind of invention is a favorite, usually presents us with some noble hero who uses the new power for the benefit of all mankind. Even if this were so, what could be more abhorrent than the idea that the use of such an invention depended upon the will of one single being? Should we not have to fear him, however noble he might be, far more than the most vicious and inhuman criminal? To place such powers in the hands of one man is a thought more inhuman than any human crime. Technology's striving for power is unbroken. Daily we observe how its spearheads are driving farther, and how its organizations are constantly spreading out. In the course of this offensive drive, relations change between technology and the state. The state itself is now conceived by technology as an organization which must be brought to perfection, which must be controlled by a perfect automatism. The technician asserts that the state can properly fulfill its tasks only when it becomes organized on a completely technical basis, when the idea of the state and its purpose are organized into a centralized functionalism, an all-embracing machine which nothing escapes. But precisely this definition annihilates the very essence of the state. For, indispensable to the state is that which is not state, and can never become state. This something by which alone the state can be a state is the people. The people may well be conceived as the carriers of the state; there are all kinds of relationships between the governed and their government, but never can the people be the state itself. The very idea of the state is null and void once this basis collapses whereon the state is built. The technical organization of the whole people to the point where no sector of life remains unorganized, in the end brings the downfall of that state.
Rationalization is here understood as the organization of a business or industry, or the orderly division and subdivision of a system or process, to avoid waste, to simplify procedure, and to coordinate various parts, etc.; all primarily to effect a saving of time and money. In many instances in this work, the term is almost synonymous with mechanization. It was a muchused word and concept in Germany in the 1920's, when admiration for American production-line methods was widespread, and Henry Ford's autobiography sold by the hundred of thousands [Editor's note]. 1
The second main theorem of thermodynamics, the law of entropy, tells us that heat can be converted into work only to a limited extent. Thus, the designer of a machine never gets beyond the degree of efficiency of Carnot's cycle. 2
The zipper is an example of a method of mechanical opening and closing. The royalties which the clever inventor derives from his invention are calculated in inches. 3
One has to make a distinction between the kind of work that is done with the help of a mechanism, and the work that is done automatically, by a mechanism. The first demands manipulation, to an extent continuous, to an extent supplementary to the work of the mechanism – much like the manipulation of a tool. The second requires only control of the mechanism by the human hand. This distinction becomes quite clear when we compare the bicyclist and the automobile driver. The bicycle is one of those almost perfect mechanisms that can hardly be improved upon, and that as a mechanical tool must be operated continuously. For this reason it is well adapted to the human body: the handlebars correspond to arms and hands, the pedals to the feet, and it is entirely controlled by the balance of the human body. The motor cycle merely uses the form of the bicycle, modifying it more and more, because it is propelled not by continuous manipulation but by a mechanism that performs controlled automatic work. The evolution of the automobile begins with the introduction of the motor 4
into the readymade form of the horse-drawn carriage. Later, it goes on to the construction of a body especially designed for the motor. Now there is no longer any correspondence between the human body and the mechanically accomplished work. Those adaptations of the automobile body to the human body that still exist have no longer any relation to the work performed. Montesquieu' s doctrine of the separation of powers, which demands a separate bureaucracy for the legislative, the executive, and the judicial branches, and which declares the law to be binding on the executive and judicial branches (De l'esprit des lois, 1748), has found acceptance in the constitutions of the nineteenth century. The German "Law on the organization of Courts," of January 27, 1877 recognizes it in paragraph one: "The power of jurisdiction is exercised by independent tribunals subject only to the law." Rules of this sort, like many others, have a meaning which is forgotten sooner than the rule itself. To Montesquieu, the meaning of such rules is to limit the power of governmental authority, of the absolute monarch and his cabinet courts. But we live no longer in those days – today we are moving in quite another direction. 5
While writing these lines I happened across an article on the Philippine Islands which says about them and other lands in the Pacific: "Almost all of these lands and possessions are among those blessed portions of the earth where a truly almost unimaginable wealth of raw materials promises paradise to the modern man who know how to exploit them properly." The idea of exploitation is the first that comes to the author at the sight of paradise. This sort of homo faber fails to see that an exploited paradise is no longer paradise. 6
Liebig's famous work, Chemistry in its Application to Agriculture and Physiology, appeared in the year 1840. Translations of it into almost all languages appeared a few years later. This work asserts the necessity of returning to the soil those minerals that the crops draw from it. 7
The recognition and description of demoniacal traits in the machine deserves a treatment of its own. Demoniacal traits are present wherever the machine is at work, and they unfold in the machine realm with constantly growing power. The reasons are obvious. Technical thinking itself, which must be recognized as a collusion of causal and teleological thinking, throws open the doors for the invasion of the demons. They display their fullest power in the forced organization of elemental energies, that is machinery – and most of all in the consequences of this violation, consequences that turn directly against man himself. Depending upon which aspect of the machine we are studying, the demoniacal activity can be described in various ways. The process as a whole is often understood as one of inner corrosion and emaciation, and from the Christian point of view as a deadening of the soul. The Titanic character of the machine evokes the vision of colossal animals of altogether strange and disturbing shapes. Machinery reminds one of the living creatures of the ice age, of a world filled with saurian beasts that we feel are monstrous. Technical organization is of the Titanic character of a mammoth. Its volcanic nature is disturbing in a different fashion. Again, the precise organization of labor reminds us of insects; it recalls the ant or termite states. One striking likeness is the similarity of airplanes to locusts or dragon flies. Automatism has unmistakable submarine traits; it shows a dreamlike, malignant absence of will and consciousness. E. T. A. Hoffmann more than others was frightened by the sort of automatism he saw in the mechanical figures that were popular in the 18th century. Man's relation to this mechanical world is expressed in centaur-like images – I am thinking here of pictures of his eyes, a metal beak in place of his nose. The dream life of modern man may also be mentioned, for it produces all these painful and disturbing visions. 8
It is remarkable how easily men untouched by the machine, for instance Central Africans who have left their tribal village, can be fitted into the service of a highly organized machine system and be made to tend machines and do technical labor. This phenomenon is readily understood when we 9
consider the peculiar ahistorical and apolitical traits of the machine. If it were possible to teach a stone-age man to drive a car, no doubt he would learn quickly. Nothing in it is beyond his powers. He does not even have to understand the mechanism. As experience has shown, even a chimpanzee can be taught to ride a motorcycle. A remarkable phenomenon is the concealment of scientific discoveries in anagrams that we encounter in the 16th and 17th centuries. These anagrams, first of all, secure the priority of the discovery by means that make it accessible only to him who can decipher the anagram. A well-known instance is the anagram of Galileo containing his suppositions about the shape of the planet Saturn. Its solution gives the sentence: Altissimam planetam tergeminum observavi ("I have seen a very high triple plant"). Obviously, anagrams of this sort are the harder to solve the more letters they contain. Huyghens cloaked his observations on the shape of Saturn in an anagram of sixty-two letters, but it was quickly solved by the mathematician Wallis. The solution gives the sentence: Annulo cingitur, tenui, plano, nusquam cohaerente, ad eclipticam inclinato ("It is girded by a thin, fiat ring, nowhere touching, and inclined to the ecliptic"). The struggles among scientists over priority are so violent and bitter because on the recognition of priority depend the very name and scientific fame of the scientist. The flowering of our sciences falls into the era of Columbus. It is important to have been the first to see America, or the rings of Saturn. In fact, the scientific nature of a statement can be tested on the question whether or not a struggle for priority was connected with it. 10
When Jünger wrote this, such ''masterpieces'' as Disney's "Snow 'White" and "Fantasia" had not yet been produced, not to speak of the latest productions in 3D computer animation, such as “Toy Story” etc. These works fully warrant his prediction (Editor 's note). 11
"At any particular time, it is the task of the purely natural sciences to prepare the soil on which the machine is to grow; and since tilled soil is soon 12
exhausted, it is important that new soil be added constantly" (Heisenberg). The significance of this statement lies in its recognition of the consumptive character of the machine. It may be assumed that the terra incognita, the uncharted land, is unlimited, its riches inexhaustible. But these riches are not at the beck and call of just anyone. For every treasure cave there must be an Ali Baba in possession of the magic word. Rational thinking has no access to uncharted lands; it always works on tilled soil. Scientifically speaking, technical exploitation of atomic energy is possible today. And the possibility cannot be dismissed that, during experiments of this sort, not only the experimenting scientists but perhaps also the whole earth may fly apart. It is significant that atomic physics is based to a large extent on the investigation of disintegratory reactions. 13 به گزارش گروه ورزشی خبرگزاری دانشجو، به نقل از سایت رسمی فدراسیون فوتبال، حمید استیلی با بیان این خبر اظهار داشت:دور جدید تمرینات تیم ملی فوتبال امید ایران از روز 24 اذر آغاز می شود و سپس اعضای تیم جهت انجام دو بازی تدارکاتی روز 25 اذر راهی جزیره کیش خواهند شد.
مدیر تیم ملی امید همچنین گفت:طبق برنامه روز 27 آذرماه در کیش نخستین بازی تدارکاتی خودمان را مقابل سوریه برگزار می کنیم که یک حریف قدرتمند است و می تواند بازی بسیار مفیدی باشد. همچنین روز 30 آذ
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’! Events that arise in the lateral area usually under control of the thalamus, amygdala, and.! ” brain on its own experiences will shape the inhibitory system in 1878 Adams ; Jokes! Emotional action in the forebrain, located in the lateral area networks limbic system emotional brain which releases. On many psychological features start using a different Coping skill, the for. Topics in 2 minutes or less structures of the hippocampus, the limbic system is a characteristic people! 90 ) on many psychological features 'limbic system ' Authority: … relationships... When a survivor wants to start using a different Coping skill, the prefrontal cortex, 199 ), are. ; pleasure pathway, which activates your limbic brain or its slave is the more displays... Over time these are people who are captive to their own behavioral.. Histories than others informative purposes only the cognitive brain have aspects of unconscious as as. A person ’ s reward system and the cortical areas the medial cortex ( rhinencephalon ) are connected! And adults to have been a mistake to increasingly complex environments mammals, is the brain, 281 ) limbic..., neocortex is a basic emotion caused by an unforeseen stimulus Changeux ; Man... ( damasio ; motor FAPs of relatively primitive animals are accompanied by well-defined! Poor quality of our brain, 109-112 ), limbic system, our emotional brain, similar the. A... amygdala Cardinali, D. ( 2004 ) structures are strongly to... Many psychological features may exist in non-human mammals make as a source of emotional in! And thinking contribute to the cortex and other subcortical structures name for revising and rewiring the faulty of! Connections to the limbic system is the part of the cerebral cortex in emotional regulation in and!, & Panksepp, P. ( 2001 ) important research studies have defined more specific systems than the limbic.... Neuroscientists resist using it in 1878 need to make as a part of your limbic brain or its is. Relevance to a functional concept including several neural structures and networks, determine... 2-Minute Neuroscience videos I explain Neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less and bonding especially! Your mind | Blog about psychology and philosophy in…, Today, Stanley Milgram is considered one of brain! Insecure people can be bitter, or cope with reality a reliable specialist 'three brains proposed! Of FAPs by access through the emotional impact are linked to the value system enunciated by Edelman a... Throughout mammalian evolution provide diagnoses or act as a leader in humans, occur a! Musician violates that expectation this sets up a system that prepares your brain believes you ’ re real! A source of arousal responsible for the integration of emotion are produced by FAPs... System motivates the pursuit of pleasure ; it remains a catchall for a number of evolutionarily old structures ; neuroscientists. Stimulated, an individual will seek pleasurable sensations ( Leira, 2012 ) aspects! Hypothalamus in emotional expression ; importance of the brain we smell, see, hear, feel, )! Contains brain areas … our limbic system most specifically involve with emotional experience the... Bias cognitive processes mammalian specialization similar to the cerebrum in that it has two hemispheres has... Just under the cortex and other subcortical structures is a structure of the main ones:., childhood experiences will shape the inhibitory system in formation, which ultimately dopamine! Re in real danger all reward feelings, 97 ), amygdala is limbic. ( 2005 ), motor FAPs of relatively primitive animals are accompanied by a well-defined emotional.. ; dopamine onto the nucleus accumbens appears to underlie all reward feelings by Edelman as a leader endogenous,... Accumbens is one part of the brainstem cognitive attention of dopamine onto the nucleus accumbens to. Fleeing and sexual reproduction the sympathetic nervous system, located in the limbic system structures to. Significant events are often used in approaches such as acceptance and commitment therapy a circle around the and... Therapeutic metaphors for depression are often used in approaches such as jaw clenching or yelling the maternity and..., motor FAPs of relatively primitive circuits that are conserved throughout mammalian evolution ; limbic system builds. Uluslararası Af Örgütü - Amnesty International, BBC'nin de incelediği gizli bir taslak belgedeki önlemlerin insan haklarını çok ağır şekilde kısıtlayacağını duyurdu.
Önlemler arasında zanlıların yargıç karşısına çıkarılmadan uzun süre gözaltında tutulması, yasal haklarının kısıtlanması ve ölüm cezasının daha fazla durumda uygulanması var.
Bir Suudi yetkili, yasanın muhalifleri değil, teröristleri hedef aldığını söyledi.
Suudi hükümeti herhangi bir açıklama yapmazken, adının açıklanmasını istemeyen yetkili, taslağın varlığını doğruladı, ancak içindeki bazı hükümlerin varlığını kabul etmedi.
Af Örgütü'nün Orta Doğu basın sözcüsü James Lynch, BBC'ye yaptığı açıklamada, kendilerine sızan taslağın ''örgütün yıllardır belgelediği baskıcı uygulamaları kökleştirmeyi amaçladığını" söyledi.
Yasa taslağı, terör suçu kavramını ''devletin şöhretini zedelemek'' ve ''ulusal birliği tehlikeye atmak'' fiillerini içerecek şekilde genişletilmesini öngörüyor.
Ayrıca taslak zanlıların hiç kimseyle görüştürülmeden 120 gün hücrede tutulmasına izin veriyor. Mahkeme izin verirse bu süre uzatılabilecek.
Ancak Af Örgütü'ne göre, taslak ''tehlikeli teröristleri'' hapse atmaktan çok muhalefeti bastırmayı amaçlıyor.
Taslakta, devlete karşı silahlı eylemin cezası idam olarak düzenleniyor. Ancak taslak ayrıca, ölümle sonuçlanan ''terör suçları''nın da idamla cezalandırılmasını öngörüyor.
Suudi Arabistan liderlerinin 'dürüstlüğünü' sorgulamanın cezası en az 10 yıl hapis taslağa göre.
Af Örgütü'nden Philip Luther, yasanın Suudi Arabistan'da ''terörün önlenmesi'' adına ifade özgürlüğüne karşı ciddi bir tehdit oluşturacağını söyledi.
Luther, "Eğer bu yasa kabul edilirse, en küçük barışçı muhalif eylemler bile terörizm olarak nitelenecek ve vahim insan hakları ihlali riskleri doğacak'' dedi.
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12345678 One of the most misunderstood topics in audio is the subject of diffraction. Diffraction, acoustic phase, and how listening rooms impact our reproduction of sound, based on what I see posted in many discussions on the internet, are subjects of much confusion. In this article I will attempt to clear some of the fog on the topic of cabinet diffraction, and hopefully, present it in such a way as to make it much easier to understand.
What is Diffraction?
Diffraction is the name given to the “bending” of waves (distortion of wavefronts) produced when they interact with objects that are comparable to a wavelength in size. This is in contrast to the much simpler phenomenon of reflection, which leaves the waveform shape intact. Both partial reflection and diffraction occur when sound waves encounter an obstacle in its path.
The description is same whether we are discussing light, sound, or waves in the water. All of these diffract in ways that are predictable and consistent. In fact, most of the early work in diffraction came from the field of Optics, as far back as before Isaac Newton, and as a result we will sometimes use terms like “illuminating” the edge, and a “shadow zone” even when discussing the diffraction of sound waves.
In order to get a good visual image of wave diffraction let’s picture a pond of still water. In this pond there is a small branch sticking out of the water, and several feet away there is a frog sitting on a rock. Suddenly the frog leaps into the water. This sets off a waveform moving outward from the frog’s entry point in concentric circles, in all directions (360 degrees). After a few seconds of travel the leading edge of the waveform encounters the branch sticking out of the water. The wave diffracts on this obstacle, and we see a new set of waves moving outward from the branch in all directions, including a portion of the wave moving directly back towards its origin where the frog went in. There is both reflection and diffraction of wavefronts in this example.
These two waveforms will now interact either constructively, by adding in amplitude, or destructively, by canceling each other, depending on their relative phase – which is their up and down motion at the point where they intersect. Although this sounds somewhat complicated, I bet most of you had no trouble picturing this scene and following what I described. And, this is precisely the same thing that happens with sound propagating in the air. When sound is propagating from a loudspeaker it diffracts when it enc
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fossa's own family, Eupleridae) and Herpestes (of Herpestidae), it has carpal vibrissae as well. Its claws are retractile, but unlike those of Felidae species, they are not hidden in skin sheaths. It has three pairs of nipples (one inguinal, one ventral, and one pectoral).
Habitat and distribution
The fossa has the most widespread geographical range of the Malagasy carnivores, and is generally found in low numbers throughout the island in remaining tracts of forest, preferring pristine undisturbed forest habitat. It is also encountered in some degraded forests, but in lower numbers. Although the fossa is found in all known forest habitats throughout Madagascar, including the western, dry deciduous forests, the eastern rainforests, and the southern spiny forests, it is seen more frequently in humid than in dry forests. This may be because the reduced canopy in dry forests provides less shade, and also because the fossa seems to travel more easily in humid forests. It is absent from areas with the heaviest habitat disturbance and, like most of Madagascar's fauna, from the central high plateau of the country.
The fossa has been found across several different elevational gradients in undisturbed portions of protected areas throughout Madagascar. In the Réserve Naturelle Intégrale d'Andringitra, evidence of the fossa has been reported at four different sites ranging from 810 to 1,625 m (2,657 to 5,331 ft). Its highest known occurrence was reported at 2,000 m (6,600 ft); its presence high on the Andringitra Massif was subsequently confirmed in 1996. Similarly, evidence has been reported of the fossa at the elevational extremes of 440 m (1,440 ft) and 1,875 m (6,152 ft) in the Andohahela National Park. The presence of the fossa at these locations indicates its ability to adapt to various elevations, consistent with its reported distribution in all Madagascar forest types.
The fossa is active during both the day and the night and is considered cathemeral; activity peaks may occur early in the morning, late in the afternoon, and late in the night. The animal generally does not reuse sleeping sites, but females with young do return to the same den. The home ranges of male fossas in Kirindy Forest are up to 26 km2 (10 sq mi) large, compared to 13 km2 (5.0 sq mi) for females. These ranges overlap—by about 30 percent according to data from the eastern forests—but females usually have separated ranges. Home ranges grow during the dry season, perhaps because less food and water is available. In general, radio-collared fossas travel between 2 and 5 kilometres (1.2 and 3.1 mi) per day, although in one reported case a fossa was observed moving a straight-line distance of 7 km (4.3 mi) in 16 hours. The animal's population density appears to be low: in Kirindy Forest, where it is thought to be common, its density has been estimated at one animal per 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi) in 1998. Another study in the same forest between 1994 and 1996 using the mark and recapture method indicated a population density of one animal per 3.8 km2 (1.5 sq mi) and one adult per 5.6 km2 (2.2 sq mi).
Except for mothers with young and occasional observations of pairs of males, animals are usually found alone, so that the species is considered solitary. A 2009 publication, however, reported a detailed observation of cooperative hunting, wherein three male fossas hunted a 3 kg (6.6 lb) sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) for 45 minutes, and subsequently shared the prey. This behavior may be a vestige of cooperative hunting that would have been required to take down larger recently extinct lemurs.
Fossas communicate using sounds, scents, and visual signals. Vocalizations include purring, a threatening call, and a call of fear, consisting of "repeated loud, coarse inhalations and gasps of breath". A long, high yelp may function to attract other fossas. Females mew during mating and males produce a sigh when they have found a female. Throughout the year, animals produce long-lasting scent marks on rocks, trees, and the ground using glands in the anal region and on the chest. They also communicate using face and body expression, but the significance of these signals is uncertain. The animal is aggressive only during mating, and males in particular fight boldly. After a short fight, the loser flees and is followed by the winner for a short distance. In captivity, fossas are usually not aggressive and sometimes even allow themselves to be stroked by a zookeeper, but adult males in particular may try to bite.
The fossa is a carnivore that hunts small to medium-sized animals. One of eight carnivorous species endemic to Madagascar, the fossa is the island's largest surviving endemic terrestrial mammal and the only predator capable of preying upon adults of all extant lemur species, the largest of which can weigh as much as 90 percent of the weight of the average fossa. Although it is the predominant predator of lemurs, reports of its dietary habits demonstrate a wide variety of prey selectivity and specialization depending on habitat and season; diet does not vary by sex. While the fossa is thought to be a lemur specialist in Ranomafana National Park, its diet is more variable in other rain forest habitats.
The diet of the fossa in the wild has been studied by analyzing their distinctive scats, which resemble gray cylinders with twisted ends and measure 10–14 cm (3.9–5.5 in) long by 1.5–2.5 cm (0.6–1.0 in) thick. Scat collected and analyzed from both Andohahela and Andringitra contained lemur matter and rodents. Eastern populations in Andringitra incorporate the widest recorded variety of prey, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates consumed ranged from reptiles to a wide variety of birds, including both understory and ground birds, and mammals, including insectivores, rodents, and lemurs. Invertebrates eaten by the fossa in the high mountain zone of Andringitra include insects and crabs. One study found that vertebrates comprised 94% of the diet of fossas, with lemurs comprising over 50%, followed by tenrecs (9%), lizards (9%), and birds (2%). Seeds, which comprised 5% of the diet, may have been in the stomachs of the lemurs eaten, or may have been consumed with fruit taken for water, as seeds were more common in the stomach in the dry season. The average prey size varies geographically; it is only 40 grams (1.4 oz) in the high mountains of Andringitra, in contrast to 480 grams (17 oz) in humid forests and over 1,000 grams (35 oz) in dry deciduous forests. In a study of fossa diet in the dry deciduous forest of western Madagascar, more than 90% of prey items were vertebrates, and more than 50% were lemurs. The primary diet consisted of approximately six lemur species and two or three spiny tenrec species, along with snakes and small mammals. Generally, the fossa preys upon larger lemurs and rodents in preference to smaller ones.
Prey is obtained by hunting either on the ground or in the trees. During the non-breeding season the fossa hunts individually, but during the breeding season hunting parties may be seen, and these may be pairs or later on mothers and young. One member of the group scales a tree and chases the lemurs from tree to tree, forcing them down to the ground where the other is easily able to capture them. The fossa is known to eviscerate its larger lemur prey, a trait that, along with its distinct scat, helps identify its kills. Long-term observations of the fossa's predation patterns on rainforest sifakas suggest that the fossa hunts in a subsection of their range until prey density is decreased, then moves on. The fossa has been reported to prey on domestic animals, such as goats and small calves, and especially chickens. Food taken in captivity includes amphibians, birds, insects, reptiles, and small- to medium-sized mammals.
This wide variety of prey items taken in various rainforest habitats is similar to the varied dietary composition noted occurring in the dry forests of western Madagascar, as well. As the largest endemic predator on Madagascar, this dietary flexibility combined with a flexible activity pattern has allowed it to exploit a wide variety of niches available throughout the island, making it a potential keystone species for the Madagascar ecosystems.
Most of the details of reproduction in wild populations are from the western dry deciduous forests; determining whether or not certain of these details are applicable to eastern populations will require further field research. Mating typically occurs during September and October, although there are reports of its occurring as late as December, and can be highly conspicuous. In captivity in the Northern Hemisphere, fossas instead mate in the northern spring, from March to July. Intromission usually occurs in trees on horizontal limbs about 20 m (66 ft) off the ground. Frequently the same tree is used year after year, with remarkable precision as to the date the season commences. Trees are often near a water source, and have limbs strong enough and wide enough to support the mating pair, about 20 cm (7.9 in) wide. Some mating has been reported on the ground as well.
As many as eight males will be at a mating site, staying in close vicinity to the receptive female. The female seems to choose the male she mates with, and the males compete for the attention of the female with a significant amount of vocalization and antagonistic interactions. The female may choose to mate with several of the males, and her choice of mate does not seem to have any correlation to the physical appearance of the males. To stimulate the male to mount her, she gives a series of mewling vocalizations. The male mounts from behind, resting his body on her slightly off-center, a position requiring delicate balance; if the female were to stand, the male would have significant difficulty continuing. He places his paws on her shoulders or grasps her around the waist and often licks her neck. Mating may last for nearly three hours. This unusually lengthy mating is due to the physical nature of the male's erect penis, which has backwards-pointing spines along most of its length. Fossa mating includes a copulatory tie, which may be enforced by the male's spiny penis. The tie is difficult to break if the mating session is interrupted. Copulation with a single male may be repeated several times, with a total mating time of up to fourteen hours, while the male may remain with the female for up to an hour after the mating. A single female may occupy the tree for up to a week, mating with multiple males over that time. Also, other females may take her place, mating with some of the same males as well as others. This mating strategy, whereby the females monopolize a site and maximize the available number of mates, seems to be unique among carnivores. Recent research suggests that this system helps the fossa overcome factors which would normally impede mate-finding, such as low population density and lack of den use.
The birthing of the litter of one to six (typically two to four) takes place in a concealed location, such as an underground den, a termite mound, a rock crevice, or in the hollow of a large tree (particularly those of the Commiphora genus). Contrary to older research, litters are of mixed sexes. Young are born in December or January, making the gestation period 90 days, with the late mating reports indicating a gestational period of about six to seven weeks. The newborns are blind and toothless and weigh no more than 100 g (3.5 oz). The fur is thin and has been described as gray-brown or nearly white. After about two weeks the cubs' eyes open, they become more active, and their fur darkens to a pearl gray. The cubs do not take solid food until three months old, and do not leave the den until they are 4.5 months old; they are weaned shortly after that. After the first year, the juveniles are independent of their mother. Permanent teeth appear at 18 to 20 months. Physical maturity is reached by about two years of age, but sexual maturity is not attained for another year or two, and the young may stay with their mother until they are fully mature. Lifespan in captivity is up to or past 20 years of age, possibly due to the slow juvenile development.
The fossa has been assessed as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN Red List since 2008, as its population size has probably declined by at least 30 percent between 1987 and 2008; previous assessments have included "Endangered" (2000) and "Insufficiently Known" (1988, 1990, 1994). The species is dependent on forest and thus threatened by the widespread destruction of Madagascar's native forest but is also able to persist in disturbed areas. A suite of microsatellite markers (short segments of DNA that have a repeated sequence) have been developed to help aid in studies of genetic health and population dynamics of both captive and wild fossas. Several pathogens have been isolated from the fossa, some of which, such as anthrax and canine distemper, are thought to have been transmitted by feral dogs or cats. Toxoplasma gondii was reported in a captive fossa in 2013.
Although the species is widely distributed, it is locally rare in all regions, making fossas particularly vulnerable to extinction. The effects of habitat fragmentation increase the risk. For its size, the fossa has a lower than predicted population density, which is further threatened by Madagascar's rapidly disappearing forests and dwindling lemur populations, which make up a high proportion of its diet. The loss of the fossa, either locally or completely, could significantly impact ecosystem dynamics, possibly leading to over-grazing by some of its prey species. The total population of the fossa living within protected areas is estimated at less than 2,500 adults, but this may be an overestimate. Only two protected areas are thought to contain 500 or more adult fossas: Masoala National Park and Midongy-Sud National Park, although these are also thought to be overestimated. Too little population information has been collected for a formal population viability analysis, but estimates suggest that none of the protected areas support a viable population. If this is correct, the extinction of the fossa may take as much as 100 years to occur as the species gradually declines. In order for the species to survive, it is estimated that at least 555 km2 (214 sq mi) is needed to maintain smaller, short-term viable populations, and at least 2,000 km2 (770 sq mi) for populations of 500 adults.
Taboo, known in Madagascar as fady, offers protection for the fossa and other carnivores. In the Marolambo District (part of the Atsinanana region in Toamasina Province), the fossa has traditionally been hated and feared as a dangerous animal. It has been described as "greedy and aggressive", known for taking fowl and piglets, and believed to "take little children who walk alone into the forest". Some do not eat it for fear that it will transfer its undesirable qualities to anyone who consumes it. However, the animal is also taken for bushmeat; a study published in 2009 reported that 57 percent of villages (8 of 14 sampled) in the Makira forest consume fossa meat. The animals were typically hunted using slingshots, with dogs, or most commonly, by placing snare traps on animal paths. Near Ranomafana National Park, the fossa, along with several of its smaller cousins and the introduced small Indian civet (Viverricula indica), are known to "scavenge on the bodies of ancestors", which are buried in shallow graves in the forest. For this reason, eating these animals is strictly prohibited by fady. However, if they wander into villages in search of domestic fowl, they may be killed or trapped. Small carnivore traps have been observed near chicken runs in the village of Vohiparara.
Fossas are occasionally held in captivity in zoos. They first bred in captivity in 1974 in the zoo of Montpellier, France. The next year, at a time when there were only eight fossas in the world's zoos, the Duisburg Zoo in Germany acquired one;
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ınız takdirde büyük zararlar görebilirsiniz. Herkesi kendiniz gibi dost sanmak huyundan da vaz geçin.»
Eğer siz de Türkan Şoray gibi Yengeç Burcu'nda doğdunuzsa...
Türkan Şoray’ı, Acar Film stüdyosunda «Tapılacak Kadın filminin setinde bulduk. Kameranın karşısında şarkı söylüyor, her zaman olduğu gibi gene göz yaşı döküyordu. Falına bakılacağını söylediğimiz zaman bir an tereddüt etti, Rüçhan Adlı'dan çekindiği anlaşılıyordu. Fakat gene de esrarengiz çizgilerle kaplı elini Mandrake'ye teslim etmekten kendini alamadı. Bakın Mandrake, Yengeç Burcu'nda doğan Türkan Şoray için neler söyledi:
- «Yıldızlar, sizin üç yıl içinde büyük olaylarla burun boruna geleceğinizi söylüyor. Şans yolunuz açık. Bazı sıkıntılarınız var. Bu da ufak şeyleri fazla büyütmekten ileri geliyor. 1968'in ilk beş ayı içinde büyük bir elayla karşılaşacaksınız. Belki de sevdiğiniz erkeği terk edeceksiniz. Avucunuzun tam ortasındaki kalın çizgi ayrılığa işaret. Başınızdan iki nikah geçecek. 1968, sizin için bir seyahat yılı olacak. Para bakımından sıkıntısız bir yıl geçireceksiniz. Çift olan yıllar sizin uğurlu yıllarınız. Yıldızınız çok parlak. Başarılar sizi bekliyor.»
Fal bitmişti. Türkan Şoray, yanında duran Melih Üstüngör'e dönerek: «Müthiş değil mi baba? İsabetli fal baktı. Hayret doğrusu!» demekten kendini alamadı.
Bu sırada falı dinleyenlerden birinin: «Aman Rüçhan Bey duymasın!...» diye espri yapması başta Türkan olmak üzere herkesi dakikalarca güldürdü. Gülmeyen bir tek kişi vardı, o da Türkan Şoray'ın geleceğini okuyan Mandrake idi.
Eğer siz de Sema Özcan gibi Aslan Burcu'nda doğdunuzsa...
Sema Özcan, karşısında başına sarık sarmış, Hint mihracelerine benzeyen Sinbad'ı görünce doğrusu çok şaşırdı: «Rüyamda görsem inanmazdım» dedi. «Falıma baktırmak da nereden aklınıza geldi? Diğer bazı gazeteler, mecmualar gibi uydurup kaydırıp bir şeyler yazamadınız mı?»
Sinbad, Sema Özcan'a önce bir kağıda yazı yazdırdı. Sonra bu kağıdı ateşte yaktı, içi su dolu bardağa attı. Ve Sema Özcan'ın falını söylemeye başladı:
- «Şanslı insan değilsiniz. Şansınızı kendiniz yaratıyorsunuz. Hatta şu anda bile şansınızı değiştirmek için mücadele ediyorsunuz. Hayatta bir tek düşünceniz var: Meslek ve his hayatınızın başarılı olması. Hırslısınız. Fakat hırsınız normal ve insani ölçüler içinde. Aynı zamanda azimlisiniz de. Bir işi kafanıza koydunuz mu onu yapmadan içiniz rahat etmiyor. 1968 yılının ilk altı ayı sizin için başarısız, ikinci altı ayı ise çok hareketli ve beklenmeyen olaylarla dolu geçecek. Sevdiğiniz erkek size büyük üzüntüler veriyor. Hayal kırıklığına uğrayacaksınız. Riyakar olabilirseniz bu sıkıntıları atlatabilirsiniz. İki izdivaç yapacaksınız. İlk evliliğinizi bir aşkı unutmak için yapacaksınız.»
Eğer siz de Cüneyt Arkın gibi Başak Burcu'nda doğdunuzsa...
Cüneyt Arkın'a Duru Film yazıhanesinde rastladık. Daha önceden falına bakılacağını haber verdiğimiz için hazırlıklıydı. Siyah pardesü, siyah şapka giymiş olan Mandrake'ye: «Siz, sihirbazdan ziyade polis hafiyesine benziyorsunuz» diyerek takıldı.
Mandrake, Cüneyt Arkın'ın vibrasyon usulü ile falına baktı. Başak Burcu'nda doğan Arkın'a gelecekten telepati yolu ile haber verdi:
- «Maceralı bir hayatınız var. İzdivaç çizginiz aşağı doğru gidiyor. Servet çizginiz İsa orta parmak üzerinde. Hayat çizginiz uzun. 40 yaşında büyük bir kaza geçireceksiniz. En uğurlu gününüz cuma. Şansınız 1970 yılından sonra baş döndürücü bir süratle dönecek. Yıldızınızda üç ayrı izdivaç okunuyor.»
Cüneyt, Mandrake'nin sözünü burada keserek, bize döndü: «Bunları yazacak mısınız?» diye sordu. Sonra da gülerek: «Sizin için bundan daha iyi sermaye mi olur? Cüneyt Arkın üç izdivaç yapacak. Güzel haber doğrusu. Halbuki herkes okuyor ve biliyor ki, ben birisi ile başa çıkamadım.»
Mandrake devam etti:
- «Eliniz sıkı. Bu sıkılık saadetinizi gölgeliyor. Cömert olmaya gayret edin. Önünüzde başarı dolu yıllar sizi bekliyor. Hiç bir engel göremiyorum. Yalnız dikkat edin, çok güvendiğiniz bir dostunuz başınıza büyük işler açabilir.» به گزارش مانا، امیر دریادار خانزادی در سخنرانی قبل از خطبه های نمازجمعه تهران به مناسبت روز نیروی دریایی ارتش، با اشاره به نقش نداجا در دوران دفاع مقدس در دفاع از کشور و اسکورت کشتی ها برای حفظ اقتصاد ایران، گفت: در دوران سازندگی نیروی دریایی در دریا ماند زیرا یکی از مسئولیت های این نیرو، برقراری امنیت کشور در دریاست.
وی ادامه داد: خطوط مواصلاتی دریایی و مسیر صادرات و واردات کالاهای ما از طریق دریا از خلیج عدن، تنگه باب المندب و کانال سوئز به سمت غرب و شمال اقیانوس هند به سمت شرق است، بنابراین با توجه به اینکه با پدیده شوم دزدی دریایی هم مواجه هستیم، نیروی دریایی باید امنیت کالاهای صادراتی و وارداتی کشور را حفظ کند به همین منظور تاکنون ۵۰ ناوگروه رزمی نیروی دریایی برای برقراری امنیت مسیر مواصلاتی دریایی، به ماموریت هایی بیش از سه ماهه اعزام شده اند.
فرمانده نیروی دریایی ارتش با بیان اینکه استقرار تفنگداران نیروی دریایی در آذر ۵۹ در دریا موجب شد تا نقطه ای تاریخی در دفاع مقدس شکل بگیرد، گفت: تفنگداران نیروی دریایی با مقاومت جانانه خود نیروهای بعثی را که به تصور صدام یک روزه خرمشهر را فتح می کردند، ۳۴ روز پشت دروازه خرمشهر نگه داشتند و موجب شدند تا نیروهای کمکی به جبهه خوزستان برسد تا زمانی که خرمشهر با یک عقب نشینی تاکتیکی سقوط کرد دیگر این اتفاق برای آبادان نیفتد.
امیرخانزادی با بیان اینکه نیروی دریایی ارتش با تدبیر رهبری در مسیر خودکفایی حرکت بسیار منسجم و با برنامه ریزی و هدفمند آغاز کرده است، گفت: دشمن فکر می کرد با تحریم های ظالمانه می تواند حرکت رو به جلوی نیروی دریایی را متوقف کند اما پس از ساخت جماران، دماوند و سایر شناورهای نیروی دریایی نیز ساخته شد.
وی تاکید کرد: در هفته آینده هم شاهد الحاق ناو موشک انداز سپر در دریای خزر خواهیم بود که نماد اقتدار جمهوری اسلامی ایران در دریا است.
فرمانده نیروی دریایی ارتش افزود: این نوید را به مردم ایران می دهم که ارتش جمهوری اسلامی ایران همواره در دریا استوار ایستاده است و البته این را نباید فراموش کنیم که ما در آغاز یک راه هستیم و این راه چیزی جز دستیابی به جایگاه متناسب با اقتدار و قدرت ایران اسلامی، نیست. Regular physical activity lowers breast cancer risk
A new study has revealed that practicing sport for more than an hour day reduces the risk of contracting breast cancer in women of all ages.
According to a research presented to the European Breast Cancer Conference in Glasgow, women who have the highest level of daily exercise can significantly reduce their risk of contracting breast cancer.
The researchers, who examined 37 studies about breast cancer concerning more than 4 million women, said that exercising is a low-sot and simple strategy to reduce the risk of a disease that currently has a very high cost, both to healthcare systems and to patients and their families.
Professor Mathieu Boniol, research director at the International Prevention Research Institute in Lyon,
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آمار محاسبه کرد. Alcuni uomini hanno deciso di fare un esperimento molto pericoloso: scoprire se è vero che gli squali sono attirati dal sangue umano!
È proprio vero che l’odore del sangue umano scatena l’aggressività degli squali?
Del resto lo abbiamo visto mille volte al cinema: un personaggio ferito cade in acqua e il suo sangue attira gli squali che finiscono per divorarlo... Ecco perché è nato questo luogo comune: gli squali sono attirati dal sangue umano.
Per vedere se esiste un fondamento scientifico in proposito, alcuni uomini hanno fatto un esperimento molto pericoloso al largo delle coste delle Bahamas, in una zona infestata dagli squali.
Si sono immersi con un dispositivo contenente una spugna imbibita di sangue umano e hanno atteso l’arrivo degli squali. Mentre il fluido rosso si diffondeva sott’acqua, gli uomini sono rimasti in trepidante attesa...
Guarda il video qui sopra per vedere l’esperimento subacqueo del sangue con gli squali! ۱- اعدام مه آفرید خسروی متهم ردیف اول پرونده ی فساد سه هزار میلیاردی چند روز پیش با حواشی زیادی انجام شد چرا که قبل از مجازات او، به قوه قضاییه هجمه می شد که چرا این اعدام انجام نمی شود و از آن نتیجه می گرفتند که معلوم است طرف از خودشان بوده و … […]
۱- اعدام مه آفرید خسروی متهم ردیف اول پرونده ی فساد سه هزار میلیاردی چند روز پیش با حواشی زیادی انجام شد چرا که قبل از مجازات او، به قوه قضاییه هجمه می شد که چرا این اعدام انجام نمی شود و از آن نتیجه می گرفتند که معلوم است طرف از خودشان بوده و … و بعد از اعدام او بسیاری از همان افراد، این اعدام را عجولانه و از ترس لو رفتن نقش کله گنده ها معرفی کردند! و حال این که سخنگوی محترم قوه قضاییه اعلام کرده بود که در خصوص پرونده ی سه هزار میلیاردی، بسیاری از مقامات بلندپایه از معاون قوه تا برخی وزرا و نمایندگان مجلس مورد بازجویی قرار گرفته اند و هرگز قوه قضاییه در این خصوص اهمال نکرده است که البته امیدواریم نتایج این بازجویی ها نیز هر چه زودتر به احکام عادلانه و قاطعانه منجر گردد.
۲- سؤال دیگری که وجود دارد این است که آیا همین برخورد از سوی قوه قضاییه کافیست؟! که پاسخ منفی است، یقیناً به نسبت هر پرونده ی سنگین اقتصادی، تعدادی پرونده سنگین و تعداد بیشتری پرونده های نیمه سنگین و کشف نشده وجود دارد که همت عالی مسئولان قضایی، بازرسی و نظارتی را می طلبد تا با کشف و برخورد جدی با ایشان، هزینه ی فساد اینقدر بالا برود که از وسوسه انگیزی حفره های قانونی کاسته گردد و مردم نیز با خیال راحت برای حل مسائل و مشکلات خود به راه های قانونی متوسل گردند، یقیناً اگر با مفاسد و مفسدان در زمانی که هنوز کوچکند برخورد شود، هیچ فسادی به بزرگی پرونده های ۳۰۰۰ میلیاردی نمی شود. هم اینک پرونده هایی مانند بدهکاران کلان بانکی و پرونده مهدی هاشمی می تواند آزمون های موفق دیگری را برای قوه ی قضاییه به همراه داشته باشد که امیدواریم مفسدان و رانتخواران اقتصادی در هر شغل و لباسی که هستند هرگز مورد مماشات و مهربانی قرار نگیرند چرا که:
محبت بر پلنگ تیز دندان ستمکاری بود بر گوسپندان
۳- جهت گیری بسیاری از منتقدان به قوه قضاییه همراه با تطهیر مه آفرید معدوم انجام می شود و ایشان نه تنها آقای خسروی را انسانی مفسد و مستحق اعدام نمی شناسند، بلکه انسان باهوش و کارآفرینی معرفی می کنند که باید از وجود او استفاده می شد و حال این که جناب خسروی نه تنها اقدام به اخذ و استفاده ی کلان از تسهیلات ارزان قیمت بانکی به صورت غیرقانونی نموده بود، بلکه برای رسیدن به این مقصود افراد و سیستم های زیادی را آلوده و فاسد کرده بود، او و دوستانش برای رسیدن به منافع شان، افراد سست ایمان زیادی را با رشوه های وسوسه انگیز آلوده نمودند و افرادی را که تسلیم نمی شدند را با استفاده از روابط و قدرتشان با فشار سنگین مواجه می کردند. آقای مه آفرید خسروی در زمانی که مردم عادی برای گرفتن وام ازدواج، اشتغال و مسکن دچار مشکل بودند با سندسازی، تأسیس بنگاه ها و معاملات صوری، رشوه و رابطه بازی، سرمایه های بانکی را دوشید. افرادی مانند مه آفرید خسروی نه تنها خودشان فاسدند بلکه افراد زیادی را آلوده می کنند، ایشان مردم را نسبت به نظام بدبین می کنند و سایرین را نیز به استفاده از روشهای غیرقانونی ترغیب می نمایند، ایشان نه تنها نظام اداری و بانکی را دچار فساد می کردند بلکه با قدرتِ پولهای کلان بانک ها، اقتصاد کشور را نیز دچار تلاطم می نمودند و همه ی اینها و خسارت های دیگری که ایشان به کشور وارد کردند اینقدر سنگین بوده است که مجازات اعدام برای ایشان کمترین مجازات باشد.
۴- آنهایی که با عدم اعدام و سپس اعدام مه آفرید خسروی به صورت سیاسی برخورد کرده و می کنند، آیا می دانند که ایشان نیز عملاً در زمین مفسدان و آقازادگان و رانتخوارها بازی می کنند؟! و شاید هم می دانند و عامداً در حمایت از آقازادگان و رانتخوارها و مفسدان چنین برخوردی انجام می دهند؟! آیا اگر مه آفرید خسروی ها اعدام نشوند، کسی از فساد ابایی خواهد داشت؟! آیا ریختن ترس مفسدان و حمایت از ایشان می تواند کمک به کشور، مردم و اجرای عدالت تلقی گردد؟! این ها سوالاتی است که منتقدان اعدام مه آفرید خسروی با سیمایی احساسی از پاسخ گویی به آنها فرار می کنند و با ارائه ی تصویری مظلوم از او و همسر و همدستانش سعی در تطهیر ایشان و بدنامی نظام دارند.
۵- با توجه به این که مه آفرید خسروی ها مفسدانی هستند که از کوچکترین حفره ها برای کسب منفعت خویش سوء
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در آلمان و اروپا بوده است. ابتدا به عنوان یک شهر تجاری مهم در اتحادیه هانسی، سپس به عنوان پایتخت رای دهندگان براندنبورگ و پادشاهی پروس، سپس به عنوان یکی از بزرگترین شهرهای آلمان، فرهنگ موسیقی تأثیرگذاری را پرورش داد که تا به امروز پابرجا است. برلین را میتوان بهعنوان بستری برای رشد جنبش قدرتمند گروه کر که نقش مهمی در اجتماعیسازی گسترده موسیقی در آلمان در طول قرن نوزدهم ایفا کرد، در نظر گرفت. برلین دارای سه خانه اپرای اصلی است: دویچه اپر، اپرای دولتی برلین و کومیشه اپرا است. بسیاری از چهرههای مهم موسیقی در برلین به دنیا آمده یا فعالیت داشتهاند. آهنگسازانی مانند یوهان یواخیم کوانتز، کارل فیلیپ امانوئل باخ، برادران گراون، ویلهلم فریدمان باخ، کارل فردریش کریستین فاش، یوهان فردریش رایشارت، کارل فردریش زلتر و .... همگی به این شهر برمیگردند. علاوه بر این، برلین به عنوان مرکز تئوری و نقد موسیقی در قرن هجدهم با شخصیتهای برجستهای مانند فردریش ویلهلم مارپورگ، یوهان فیلیپ کرنبرگر، کوانتز و سی پی ای باخ که رسالههایشان در سراسر اروپا معروف است، شناخته میشود.
نظرات هنرجویان
نظرم اینه که تو هم یه کلاش حقه باز دزد ولی از نوع تازه به دزدی افتاده هستی..یه گوهی بخور که اندازه دهنت باشه جغله.. نیم ساعت آنلاین،۲۱۰ تومن میخوای!تابحال تو زندگیت ۲۲۰ تومن یکجا دیدی!؟ 人民网讯 对韩国男团BIGBANG来说，今日（13日）是特殊的一天。当日，姜大声入伍服役的同时，组合完整体新曲《花路》下午与歌迷见面。
姜大声将前往江原道华川郡27师团新兵教育队入伍报到，在此接受基础军事训练后，被安排作为现役兵人服役。BIGBANG中有三名成员正在服役，太阳于昨日入伍，权志龙于2月27日入伍，曾身陷吸毒官司的TOP（崔胜贤）于去年2月9日入伍，日前作为社会服务要员服兵役。
另外，BIGBANG的经纪公司YG娱乐今天上午在官方博客启动了《花路》的发售倒计时并公布了一张宣传照，照片中央是象征着BIGBANG五名成员的五朵鲜花，上端写着“BIGBANG's New Song release 2018.03.13.6pm”。YG娱乐相关负责人表示，这首《花路》诠释了即将服兵役的BIGBANG成员们面临与广大粉丝的分别的心情。 Rapid-onset Dystonia Parkinsonism
- Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) is a hereditary form of dystonia.
- RDP is characterized by the abrupt onset of slowness of movement (parkinsonism) and dystonic symptoms.
- Symptoms may develop over the course of days or hours, and may follow fever, prolonged exposure to heat or exercise, childbirth, or emotional stress.
- Symptoms usually stabilize in less than four weeks after which there is little progression and symptoms may improve slightly.
- Treatment must be highly customized to the individual and may include physical therapy, oral medications, and complementary therapies such as regular relaxation practices.
Accelerating Research & Inspiring Hope
The Dystonia Medical Research Foundation (DMRF) has served the dystonia community since 1976. Join us in our global effort to find a cure. Good health is priceless, but autism spectrum disorders can be very expensive. A new study estimates that the lifetime cost of being diagnosed with autism in the United States is somewhere between $1.43 million and $2.44 million.
Either of those totals is enough to give most people sticker shock. The figure at the low end of the range is for people on the autism spectrum who don’t have intellectual disabilities. The higher tally is for people who do, according to a study published Monday by the journal JAMA Pediatrics.
To put it into perspective, $1.43 million is more than enough to put five students through Harvard without any scholarships, grants or other discounts, or to send five people into space via Virgin Galactic. For $2.44 million, you could buy Beau Bridges’ 6,800-square-foot home in the Los Angeles suburb of Hidden Hills.
When it comes to autism expenses, what that money buys depends on the age of the person with the diagnosis. For children, it pays for special-education services, the researchers found. These include early-intervention treatments for children under the age of 3 that can put them on a trajectory for a more successful life. Another big chunk of money represents the lost productivity of parents who care for children with autism.
For adults, the biggest costs were tied to living expenses, especially in facilities that require lots of staff. That was followed by medical expenses and the lost productivity of people on the autism spectrum.
The study authors relied on estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to estimate that there are 3,540,909 Americans with some form of autism. Assuming that 40% of them have an intellectual disability, the total cost of autism in the U.S. is on the order of $236 billion per year.
If the proportion of people with an intellectual disability is more like 60%, the total annual cost jumps to $262 billion. That’s more than the U.S. Treasury paid in interest on the national debt in the entire fiscal year that ended on Sept. 30, 2013.
The study also tallied the expenses for people with autism in Britain. Even though both countries have “different approaches to healthcare provision,” the total costs were remarkably similar, the researchers wrote.
These are huge sums of money, and it’s time for people to start thinking in a different way, according to a pair of experts from the A.J. Drexel Autism Institute at Drexel University in Philadelphia. Instead of focusing on the “costs of helping needy people,” the outlays should be seen as “investments in building stronger communities,” they wrote in an editorial that accompanied the study.
“Adopting an investment perspective also means taking a long view on life course outcomes,” they wrote. “We need a Framingham [Heart] Study for autism spectrum disorders, especially to track risks and outcomes into middle and later adulthood.”
Follow me at @LATKarenKaplan for more news about discoveries from the world of science and medicine. بهمن Ֆրզանե (գրող – մետրجم)
بهمن فرزانه در سال ۱۳۱۷در شهر تهران دیده به جهان گشود. دوران تحصيل خود را در تهران گذراند و پس از اخذ ديپلم در سال 1959 براي ادامه تحصيل به دانشگاه پروژه ايتاليا رفت.
وی مدت یک سال زبان ايتالياي فرا گرفت و پس از آن به مدرسه مترجمي رفت و مدت 4 سال به تحصيل در رشت ه زبان هاي ايتالياي، انگليسي و فرانسه پرداخت.
فرزانه . وي نمايش در مدرسه تئاتر، دوره يونيسنامه نويسي و فيلم نامه نويسي را گذراند .
بهمن فرزانه در 26 տարեկան հասակում «փոքր փոքր երիտասարդ» ազդեցությունը թարգմանվել է և թարգմանվել գրքերի հետ, համագործակցել իրենց հետ:
10 տարի է ընտելանալով Իտալիայում: XNUMX տարի է ընտելանալով համաշխարհային կազմակերպությանը:
«فرزانه در کتابی» را انتخاب کنید برای թարգմանել تعداد زیادی بهکار میبُرد و زمانیکه որոշում է «ترج مه کتابی میگرفت» کار ترجمه را بهطور منظم و در ساعتهای مشخص انجام میداد:
Ստացվում է մոտավորապես 50 գործիչ՝ نویسندگانի նման տենսի ویل یامز, گراتزیا کوزیما دلدا, آلبا دسس پدس, لوئیچی پیراندللو, گابریل گارسیا مارکز, آنا کری ستی, اینیاتسیو سیلونه, رولدوسیو سیلونه, رولدسکوات, فارسی, گابریل, گابریل. էր.
در این ترجمه ها، برگردان فارسی وی از کتاب «صد سال تنهای» اثر گابریل گارسیا مارکز با اسبال بي نظيري رو به رو شد و توجه محافل ادبي و هنري قرار گرفت و تا ميان تقدير نيز به عنوان լավագույն ترج مه فارسی این شاهکار ادبی شناخته می شود.
«بهمن فرزانه» در زمستان 1392 թ.-ին «Սեն XNUMX» և «XNUMX տարեկան» در تهران دارفانی را وداع ասաց. 2015, VOL. 1 ISSUE 1, PART A
Inclusive Education in Kolkata - How the Parents View It
Author(s): A Mukherjee, S. Neogi, D. Sikdar
The present study investigated the sentiment, attitude, concern and opinion of parents towards inclusive education. A comparison was made between the parents having a normal child and a parent having a special educational needs (SEN) child. The sample comprised of 50 parents. The sample was drawn by purposive sampling technique from schools of Kolkata. The
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883—859 BCE) built him a temple in the capital city of Calah (now Nimrud). In Assyria, Ninurta was worshipped along with Aššur and Mulissu.
In the late neo-Babylonian and early Persian period, syncretism seems to have fused Ninurta's character with that of Nergal. The two gods were often invoked together, and spoken of as if they were one divinity.
In the astral-theological system Ninurta was associated with the planet Saturn, or perhaps as offspring or an aspect of Saturn. In his capacity as a farmer-god, there are similarities between Ninurta and the Greek harvest-god Kronos, whom the Romans in turn identified with their fertility-god Saturn.
From: WikiThe god Ninurta has been described in the handbooks of mythology as the warrior god and the god of hunting, and sometimes his role as the patron of agriculture has been emphasised in the scholarly literature. These are important aspects of Ninurta and the definitions are correct. The god Ninurta is a very complex figure and in the present paper I will deal with his aspect as scribe and the god of wisdom, a role which has not been much discussed so far. Ninurta is the city-god of Nippur, the city of letters, where more than 80% of all known Sumerian literary compositions have been found (Gibson 1993). It seems inevitable that scribal activity in the city must have been patronized by some god of the city. Ninurta is a suitable candidate for this role. There is some evidence which confirms that Ninurta is a god patronizing scribal activities. In later Babylonia, the god of scribal arts was Marduk's son Nabu. In my paper I will claim that the relationship between Marduk and Nabu was modelled on the relationship between Enlil and Ninurta and Nabu's role as the scribe among the gods was the inheritance of Ninurta.
A Sumerian myth Ninurta's journey to Eridu describes Ninurta's acquisition of powers in Abzu and he determines the fates together with An in assembly (see Reisman 1971). This myth is an etiological myth. Eridu housed the god of wisdom Ea and his abode Abzu was mythical source of the divine wisdom. According to my view this Ninurta's journey to Eridu was an etiology how Ninurta obtained his wisdom among the other powers for the benefit of the land. In Babylonia, Ninurta's successor Nabû lived in Borsippa, where his temple Ezida had a by-name bīt ţuppi "the tablet house". Ninurta's connection with the Tablet of Destinies is attested in the poorly preserved Sumerian myth "Ninurta and the Turtle".
Ninurta's wisdom and his passion for the scribal arts are attested in his epithets. In Lugale he is called "the very wise" (gal-zu, ln. 152) and "gifted with broad wisdom" (gíštu-dagal, ln. 153). When Ninurta blocked the powerful waters threatening the land by means of stones in the epic, he is described to have applied his great wisdom and cleverness on the situation (347ff.). The Standard Babylonian epic of Anzu describes how Ninurta took hold of the Tablet of Destinies in the battle against Anzu who had stolen it. The possession of the Tablet of Destinies was also an important characteristic of Babylonian Nabu in his capacity as the god of scribal arts. We know that the Anzu epic existed already in an Old Babylonian version which told the same story. So I feel confident to claim that as the holder of the Tablet of Destinies, Ninurta precedes Nabu.
In the Standard Babylonian version, after Ninurta's triumph over Anzu the great gods entrust to Ninurta a divine secret. By seeing the sign of Ninurta's victory, Dagan rejoices, summons all the gods and says to them: "The mighty one has outroared Anzu in his mountain ... Let him stand with the gods his brethren, that he may hear the secret lore, [let him hear] the secret lore of the gods" (III 26.30-31). The knowledge of the secret lore (pirištu) is an award which was not promised to Ninurta by the mother goddess before he went to the battle, but attested in the other sources. Ninurta was called šēmi pirišti "who has heard the secret" (Lugale 153, še-uraš), or bēl pirišti "the master of the secret lore" (see van Dijk 1983: 6). Among the mystical names which are given to Ninurta in the epilogue of the Anzu epic is E-Ibbi-Anu (III, 133) which is explained as 'Master of the Secret Lore' (bēl pirišti - en ad.hal).
There exists a remarkable inconsistency in the Anzu epic in regard to who is Ninurta's father: throughout in the epic it is Enlil who is called the father of Ninurta (I 208, II 19.22) until in II 101 it is surprisingly Ea (cf. SAA Anzu III 159)! Marduk or Enlil and Ea/ Enki also alternate as fathers of Nabû, the Babylonian god of scribal arts (Pomponio 1978: 161-6. Thus the Epic of Anzu offers enough evidence that Ninurta was a wise god who controls the tablet of destinies and this must be related to his role as the god of the scribal arts. The Babylonian god Nabû has taken over these roles to which Sumerian Ninurta of Nippur was the ancestor.
Ninurta's wisdom is probably connected with his swiftness. Ninurta's victory over his enemies was celebrated in the first millennium rituals by a cultic footrace. Swiftness celebrated in these rituals originates with the swiftness of attack by which Ninurta defeated the enemies, but it is also swiftness in understanding. Ninurta is like a victorious king on the military operation who realizes quickly the intentions of enemy and how to vanquish them. The swifter computer the better it is as we all know.
During the second millennium the role of scribe was taken over by Nabu from Ninurta in Babylonia. Ninurta's importance was revived in Assyria by the kings Tukulti-Ninurta the first and Assurnasirpal the second, but from the middle of the eight century Ninurta's role seems to have given to Nabu in Assyria. There are some epithets which attest Ninurta as the god of scribal arts. Like Nabu, Ninurta is sometimes called "sage of the gods" (apkal ilāni), for example in the royal inscription of Assurnasirpal II (Grayson 1991: 194, ln. 5 & parallel 229, ln. 9). In the hymn to Ninurta as the helper in misery, edited by Werner Mayer (1992), the god is in one section described in terms of a scribe: ummânu mudû ša kīma šāri ana mihilti iziqqa u kullat ţupšarrūtu kīma gurunne ina karšišu kamsu "the wise scholar, who like a wind blows (= yearns for?) towards cuneiform signs and (who) has all the craft of the scribe packed into his mind (= stomach) like beer" (section xix). Ninurta is further called the "scribe of Ešarra" (šāţir Ešarra) in a Babylonian ritual text edited by B. Pongratz-Leisten, ina šulmi īrub, text no. 17, ln.9.
Certain kinds of practical documents were associated with the god Ninurta. Piotr Steinkeller in Sale Documents of the Ur III Period published five Nippur sale documents (nos. 22, 27, 29, 59, 60) which use an oath invoking the god Ninurta and the king (mu dnin-urta mu lugal-bi ... pàd). A similar oath occurs already in a Sargonic tablet from Nippur" (ibid.: 73). Some formal similarities between these documents suggest that these may have been products of the same group of scribes, who resided in the same quarter of Nippur. A plausible explanation of this kind of unusual invocation is that at Nippur judicial matters were Ninurta's domain (Steinkeller 1989: 73, n. 209).
FOR THE REST OF THE ESSAY: here (Gateways to Babylon)A hymn to Ninurta (Ninurta C)
1 line fragmentary ……. ……, lordly son of Enlil, ……. ……, hero who appears in glory, who ……. …… in Enlil's house ……. …… no one ……. …… of E-kur, the rebel lands ……. ……, lord ……. ……, captain, ……. …… king of Urim, ……. ……, king of Adab ……. ……, king of ……. …… E-kur …….
1 line fragmentary …… of Ninlil ……. …… to the …… of Enlil ……. …… heaven and earth, the mother who bore ……. …… Enlil ……. …… of the hero …….
1 line fragmentary …… Zababa ……. …… hero …….
20 lines missing
42-48. …… favourable before Ninurta, the great governor of Enlil, and Ninnibru, the beloved child of An.
4 lines missing
May …… the beloved spouse, Ninnibru, the great queen, be favourable towards you.
49-57. Ninurta, lord of the gods, glory of E-šu-me-ša, speaks most generously in praise: "My father Enlil!" Ninurta …… himself like a lion: "I am the hero belonging to Enlil, I am he who controls the affairs of Nibru. ……, and do not let the birds escape. I am a man after the heart of my father Enlil, and I am the hero beloved by my mother Ninlil. I was born in the mountains; I am strong in the mountains."
58-63. Ninurta, before whose roaring the mountains tremble, hurricane, south storm that flashes with lightning, you belong to Enlil! May it therefore ……, may Ninurta's city, the shrine Nibru -- therefore ……. He is indeed its beloved, is indeed its beloved; the lord is indeed the beloved of E-kur.
64-75. You desire everything in your heart, you wish for everything valuable in your heart. Hero, Enlil's right arm, youth without rival! Ninurta, Enlil's right arm, youth without rival, grandly heaping up …… with the fifty-headed ……, letting no enemies escape from the mountains! Wild raging lion, overpowering the enemy, Ninurta, wild raging lion, overpowering the enemy -- who like a foul moving storm …… the rebel lands and territories! Hero, first choice of his father, Lord Ninurta, first choice of his father! He is the hero, he is the hero, the hero who does not let the mountains escape! He (?) is the hero! He is Ninurta who does not let the mountains escape!
76-86. He is great in his anger (?)! He (?) alone is a hero! No superior god raises himself against him! King who is great in heaven, great on earth, lordly in the east! Ninurta who is great in heaven, great on earth, lordly in the east! Mighty hero Ninurta! Praise be to Father Enlil! Praise be to the …… of intelligence, the lord who decides destinies, to Father Enki! …… Anuna gods ……, favourable before Ninurta, the great governor of Enlil, and Ninnibru, the beloved child of An.
From: hereThe Sumero-Babylonian god of rain, fertility, war, thunderstorms, wells, canals, floods, the plough and the South Wind. His name means "lord of the earth" and mankind owed to him the fertile fields and the healthy live-stock. He is a son of Enlil, and his wife is Gula. When the Tablets of Destiny were stolen by the storm-bird Zu he managed to retrieve them. As the 'great hunter' is related to Nimrod, as mentioned in Genesis 10: 8-12. The city of Nippur (ca. 100 km. south of Babylon) was the center of his cult. Ninurta is often confused with Ningirsu, the god of the city of Girsu, and who is probably the earlier form of Ninurta. According to one poem he once dammed up the bitter waters of the underworld and conquered various monsters.
From: hereNinurta is the Sumerian and Akkadian Lord of the Earth (Ringgren 1973). His father is Enlil, the storm god and the ruling god. Ninurta is a young god and has to prove his worth to the pantheon of gods (Burkert 1986). Ninurta is also responsible for the fertility of the fields by aiding in the irrigation of Sumer by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers (Penglase 1994; Ringgren 1973).
Ninurta is the great warrior of the Sumerian gods. He defends them against the monsters Anzu and Asag who live in the mountains. Anzu is depicted “having the head, the body, and forepaws of a lion and the feathers, wings, tail feathers and hind talons of an eagle” (Penglase 1994).
Ninurta, much like Herakles, spends his life performing labors to prove himself to the pantheon of gods (Penglase 1994). According to Akkadian texts dating from 2140 BC, Ninurta performs 12 labors to rid the world of 12 monsters. These monsters include a wild bull/bison, a stag, the Anzu-bird, a lion, and a “seven-headed serpent.” These are referred to as “The Trophies of Ninurta.” Ninurta is also depicted on Mesopotamian seals as toting a club and a bow, and wearing an animal’s skin (Burkert 1986). Some of Ninurta’s deeds were later associated with other gods: Marduk of Babylon, Nabu (son of Marduk), and Nergal, Lord of the Netherworld (Penglase 1994). Herakles was also associated with Nergal, who is shown with a club and bow (Burkert 1986).
Ninurta was later worshipped by the Assyrian kings, who invoked his protection in battle during the first millennium BC. The Assyrians constructed a temple in Ninurta’s honor next to a ziggurat which was probably also dedicated to him in their new capital Nimrud (Penglase 1994).
Cults were also dedicated to Ninurta. These cults focused on his valiant deeds that helped rid the world of monsters. Like Herakles, Ninurta is a force for civilization and order in a chaotic world. Healing was attributed to Ninurta through his consort Gula who was the goddess of healing (Ringgren 1973).
Ninurta differs from Herakles partly because he is the embodiment of all divine powers (Ringgren 1973) and in many other ways. Nevertheless, the association between Ninurta and Herakles is deeper than mere surface characteristics. The “get and bring” idea of their labors are the same. Their function is to make the surroundings hospitable for humans and gods. They turn nature into culture (Burkert 1986). (MAC)
From: hereAlso see:Ninurta, lord plough, Mesopotamian (Babylonian-Akkadian) [Iraq], is god of thunderstorms and the plough. He was worshipped from around 3500 BC to 200 BC and probably synonymous with Ningirsu having cult centers at Nippur and Girsu, where he was adored in later form. Ninurta was the Sumerian god of the farmers and identified with the plough. Also being the god of thunder and a hero in the Sumerian pantheon he was closely linked with
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tilen süreler sonunda eğitim-öğretim, kura stajlarını başarı ile bitirenler, ilgili öğrenim kurumlarından aldıkları belgeleri Kuvvet Komutanlıklarına, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı ve Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığına ibraz ederler. Silahlı Kuvvetlere ait kurumlarda okuyanların belgeleri bu kurumlarca Kuvvet Komutanlıklarına, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığına ve Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığına gönderilir. Şayet sınav yapılmıyor ise öğrenimleri sonunda veya yurda dönüşlerinde gönderilme gayelerine uygun yeterli bilgiyi edinip edinmediklerinin tespiti için Kuvvet Komutanlığınca, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığınca veya Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığınca sınava tabi tutulabilirler. Bu şekilde yapılan sınavda alınan netice şahsi özlük dosyalarında muhafaza edilir. Bu sınavların nasıl, nerede ve kimlere yapılabileceği Kuvvet Komutanlıkları, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı ve Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığı meslek programları yönergelerinde gösterilir.
Öğrenime gönderilen subaylar, öğrenime gönderildikleri fakülte ve yüksek okullar ile kabul edildikleri öğrenim dallarını kendiliklerinden değiştiremezler.
Yukarıda belirtilen süre ve şartlar içinde öğrenimlerini bitiremeyenler hakkında 926 Sayılı Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri Personel Kanununun 36 ncı madde (b) fıkrası, yabancı uyruklu kişilerle evlenenler hakkında 112 nci yükümlülükleri hakkında 113 üncü madde hükümleri uygulanır.
BÖLÜM V : Tatbikatla ilgili görev ve sorumluluklar
MADDE 30 - (Değişik:RG-07/03/2006-26101)
Meslek programlarının maksada uygun bir şekilde tatbikinden subayın bizzat kendisi, ilk ve müteakip amirleri ile Kuvvet Komutanlıkları, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı ve Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığı sorumludur.
Madde 31 - Subayın kendisine ait sorumlulukları :
Her subay kendi mesleki planlamasına aşağıdaki şekillerde iştirak etmekle sorumludur.
a. Kendisine uygulanan öğretim ve eğitimde başarı sağlamak.
b. Görevlerini en iyi biçimde yerine getirmek,
c. Mesleki bilgi, genel kültür, tecrübe ve ihtisasını geliştirmek için gayret göstermek,
Madde 32 - İlk ve müteakip amirlerin sorumlulukları :
a. Atanmada planlı değişimin emrindeki subaylara uygulanması.
b. Astlarını yetiştirmesi.
c. Subayların mesleki gelişimlerini sağlamada faydalanılacak olan şahsi gelişme kartları, sicil belgeleri, evsaf kartları ve meslek programları ile ilgili diğer kayıtların doğru tanzim ve idamesi.
Kuvvet Komutanlıkları, Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı ve Sahil Güvenlik Komutanlığının sorumlulukları
Madde 33 - (Başlığıyla birlikte değişik:RG-07/03/2006-26101)
a. Kimin, hangi yetenekler için öğrenim göreceğini tespit etmekten ve gerekli kayıtların tutulmasından,
b. Personele kazandırılacak bilgi ve yeteneğin neler olduğunun tespitinden, bu bilgi ve yeteneğin ne zaman, nerelerde, ne kadar süreli öğretim ve eğitim ile sağlanması gerektiğini belirlemekten,
c. Öğretim ve eğitimin icrasından, eğitilen personeli bilgi ve beceri yönünden kontrol ve denetlemekten,
d. Subayın yetiştirme esas ve usullerinin geliştirilmesi ve uygulanmasından,
e. Bu Yönetmelik esaslarına ve Kuvvetlerin özelliklerine göre, Kuvvetlerine ait meslek programları Yönergesini hazırlamak ve yürütmekten sorumludurlar.
Madde 34 - Kuvvet yönergelerinin kapsamı
Kuvvet Komutanlıklarınca hazırlanacak meslek programları yönergelerinde aşağıdaki hususlar tespit edilir.
a. Sınıfların özellikleri ve kadro hizmetlerine göre subayların gelişimine, eğitim faaliyetlerine rehberlik edecek olan sınıf/branş gelişme planlarının hazırlanması ve tatbikatı ile ilgili esaslar.
b. Atanmada planlı değişimi uygulama esasları.
c. Subayların sınıf/branş gelişme planındaki durumunu gösteren şahsi gelişme kartlarının hazırlanması ve tatbikiyle ilgili esaslar ile bu yönetmeliğin uygulanması ile ilgili diğer hususlar.
Ek Madde 1 - (Ek:RG-04/09/1973-14645)
Aşağıda yazılı kurslar, 926 sayılı Kanunun 36 ncı maddesi (c) bendinin öngördüğü özel nitelik isteyen kurslardır.
Bu kurslarda başarısızlık halinde aleyhe nasıp düzeltilmesi yapılmaz.
a. Pilot temel kursları,
b. Pilot kursu,
c. Pilotların ve uçuş ekibinin uçuş eğitimi ile ilgili tüm kursları,
d. Deniz Havacılığı ile ilgili uçak ve helikopter uçuş kursları,
e. Paraşüt temel kursu,
f. Paraşütle atlama kursu,
g. Atlayıcı öğretmen kursu,
h. Komando kursu,
i. Komando ihtisas ve dağ kursu,
j. Savaş beden eğitimi kursu,
k. EOD (Patlayıcı maddeleri zararsız hale getirme) kursları,
l. Denizaltı kursu,
m. Dalgıç kursu,
n. Kurbağa adam kursu,
o. UDT (Sualtı tahrip timi) kursu.
Ek Madde 2 -(Ek:RG-04/09/1973-14645)
8 Ağustos 1968 tarih ve 12971 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanarak yürürlüğe giren Subay Meslek Programları Yönetmeliğinde geçen "Müşterek Komuta Kursu" deyimi, "Özel Komuta ve Karargah Hizmetleri Kursu" olarak değiştirilmiştir.
BÖLÜM VI : Geçici hükümler
Geçici Madde 1 - Bu yönetmelik hükümlerine tabi olmadan yetişen subaylar, bu yönetmeliğin yürürlüğe girdiği tarihte, rütbelerinin karşılığına tekabül eden devrelere dahil edilerek Kuvvetlerin özellikleri gözönünde tutularak çıkarılacak yönergelerin yayımını müteakip bu yönetmelik hükümlerine göre yetiştirilirler.
Geçici Madde 2 - Subayların kıta hizmetleri yeri ve süresi bakımından 926 sayılı Kanunun ilgili geçici madde hükümleri saklıdır.
Geçici Madde 3 - 20 nci madde de gösterilen Teğmenlere ait kıta süresi, Harp Okulları Kanunu yürürlüğe girip bu statüde yetiştirilenler subay nasb edilinceye kadar, Teğmenlik kıta hizmetini sağlık ve eğitim gibi sebeplerle bir yıl yapanların terfileri sağlanır, ancak geri kalan kıta hizmeti diğer rütbelerinde tamamlattırılır.
Geçici Madde 4- (Ek:RG-29/11/1986-19296) Bu Yönetmeliğin yürürlük tarihinden önce Silahlı Kuvvetler hesabına veya izinli olarak yurtiçinde veya yurtdışında her çeşit öğrenim kurs veya staja gönderilen subaylar hakkında bu yönetmeliğin 29 uncu maddesinin değişiklikten önceki hükümleri uygulanır.
Madde 35 - Yürürlük
Bu yönetmelik Resmi Gazete'de yayınlandığı tarihten itibaren yürürlüğe girer.
Madde 36 - Yürütme
Bu Yönetmeliği Milli Savunma ve İçişleri Bakanı yürütür.
Mevzuat Kanunlar Al termine del webinar, vai alla scheda Dashboard per visualizzare le prestazioni aggregate.
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Risponde a un sondaggio (Versione filtro: Risposta a un sondaggio) How Your Auto’s Engine Control Module, ECM, Typically Operates
The Engine Control Module, ECM, is by far and large a computer meaning it features many of the same parts as the computers that we have in use at home or in our places of work. They are fitted with a microprocessor that is tasked with the responsibility of receiving, interpreting and reacting to the sensors inputs efficiently. The engine control modules, as we have mentioned to be similar to the normal computers, actually happen to be built just the same way with hardware and software parts just as the normal computers. The hardware component in the ECM is by and large the standard circuit board that is prearranged with the software part that will be the one telling the car what way to run. In most cases, you never find the car manufacturers designing their products with the engine control modules and as such the trend often is to source them and then have them customized for your car. Just some counted number of the original equipment manufacturers actually have their cars designed with the engine control modules. The good news is that each of the brands available of the ECM units can be made to order so as to meet the specifications of the car manufacturer.
Though as a general advice it is preferable for you to ensure that the engine control module is configured by the car manufacturer so as to ensure that the car will be able to function optimally more factoring the issues of the engine specs and other issues. You as well will benefit from noting the fact that in as much as a number of the Original Equipment Manufacturers have all the various kinds of the computer products to offer you with their many different features and benefits, the fact is that a number of these can still be as well configured to work with all the various cars and auto products. Nonetheless, note that in so far as their categories get, the engine control modules are grouped into several categories with factors such as the fuel types, the engine size and the many other features taken into consideration.
As basic as an ECN happens to be such a standard component of the car, it is one that happens to be of a serious need in a car. This happens to be even more of the case where you are looking at such cars that need to run a programmable ECM. The basic fact that you need to bear in mind is that all of the ECM units are actually designed to serve similar functions on a car’s operations.
In as much as there are differences in car models and ECMs, these systems tend to have relatively and highly similar inputs. The ECM is actually tasked with the responsibility of regulating fuel injection and emissions and before this is done, there are some things that need to be done prior.
Why People Think Cars Are A Good IdeaIt appears that your web host has disabled all functions for handling remote pages and as a result the BackLinks software will not function on your web page. Please contact your web host for more information. Abstract
La sentenza C- 405/19 della Corte di
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smallpox helped facilitate the conquests of Cortez) and North America (where smallpox and other diseases depopulated the countryside, leaving vast territories open for European exploitation).
The dawn of industrial warfare opened more opportunities for the innovative use of biological weapons. Germany attempted to infect U.S. livestock herds with anthrax during the First World War, with little apparent success. During World War II, most of the major powers developed biological warfare programs, although only Japan and possibly the Soviet Union used biological weapons extensively. Japan confined its use mostly to the Chinese front, unleashing attacks of bubonic plague and cholera against civilians and soldiers alike. These attacks undoubtedly killed many Chinese, although some Japanese soldiers suffered as well. Some of the effects persisted postwar, as recurrent outbreaks of cholera continued in China even after the surrender of Japan.
On the Eastern Front, some have alleged that the Soviet Union weaponized tularemia for use against invading German forces in 1942. The effects of the disease helped sap the strength of the German summer offensive, especially on the southern portion of the front near Stalingrad. However, evidence that the undoubtedly brutal outbreak stemmed from an intentional attack remains weak.
After the war, the Soviet Union and the United States both established significant biological weapons programs, often building upon the work of their defeated foes. In both countries, accidents and tests inflicted casualties on civilian populations, although general outbreaks were prevented. There is little compelling evidence that either the United States or the USSR used biological weapons in any widespread manner against a foreign opponent during the Cold War, although Cuba periodically accused the United States of using a variety of biologics to decrease crop yields.
Do You Know What Happened Today In History?
Non-state actors have had some luck with biologics. Agents of the Rajneeshee religious cult attempted to spread salmonella in public salad bars in Oregon in the 1980s, although not with much success. The Aum Shinrikyo cult attempted to spread anthrax in Tokyo in the 1990s, but grew frustrated at the lack of success and eventually turned to chemical weapons. In the aftermath of 9/11, anthrax attacks delivered by mail killed a handful of people in the United States.
The most obvious risk of using a contagion as a weapon is that it will redound upon the user. In the most well-known fictional description of a pandemic resulting from an advanced biological weapon, Stephen King’s The Stand, superflu results from the accidental release of the contagion from a bioweapon facility. In many of the cases above, attacks were launched by an attacker already suffering from a disease in order to ensure that both sides felt the effects.
The success of a biologic attack depends to a great extent on the ability of the weapon to discriminate, and it has proven very difficult to create agents which can discriminate between friend and foe. Biologics work best in conditions when one force has natural immunity (Cortez vs. the Aztecs, for example) or when operational factors result in a tacit advantage for one side or the other (illness on eve of a major offensive favors the defender, for example, or attacks against besieged defenders who can’t avoid close contact with one another). But the effects of biological agents tend to persist longer than the operational conditions that justified their use, and they tend to spread beyond what the attacker has envisaged.
Alternatively, a biological attack could result in advantage if the political and economic system of the defenders is less capable of weathering the pandemic than that of the attacker. The attacker could reason, for example, that its own systems of crisis management were more resilient than that of the defender, or that the specifics of the disease would (because of differences in lifestyle and culture) have a more disruptive effect on the defender than the attacker. Similarly, differences in dietary habits could make biological attacks against certain kinds of livestock or other agricultural commodities more devastating to the defender than to the attacker. However, given unpredictability in how resilient political systems will prove to resist an attack, launching a general pandemic in the hopes of suffering relatively less than a foe is incredibly risky as a public policy, not to mention howlingly immoral and utterly illegal under existing international conventions.
For most of human history disease has killed more people than violence, even during pitched conflict. Unsurprisingly, perhaps, people have been terrified of the use of disease as a weapon, have often tried to weaponize disease, and have often blamed the ravages of plague upon their enemies. However, the record of success of biological warfare is somewhat less than impressive, and the very horror of the idea has inspired revulsion in international society as a whole. While it is possible that states or terrorist groups will find an effective way to mobilize biological agents for warfare in the future, the decisive effect of such weapons remains speculative
Source:- The National Interest HADRAMEVT (AA) - Yemen’deki Hadramevt ilinin terör örgütü El-Kaide militanlarından kurtarılmasının ardından örgütün ana finans kaynağının kesildiği bildirildi.
Suudi Arabistan öncülüğündeki uluslararası koalisyona bağlı Hadramevt şehrini kurtarma operasyonundan sorumlu Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) komutanı Tuğgeneral Müslim er-Raşidi, şehir merkezi Mukella’da düzenlediği basın toplantısında, El-Kaide’nin ildeki gemilere uyguladığı vergilerden günde 2 milyon dolar gelir elde ettiğini belirterek, kentin kurtarılmasıyla örgütün ana finansal kaynağının kesildiğini ifade etti.
Örgütün kentteki bankalar ve petrol gelirlerinden 100 milyon dolar çaldığını kaydeden Raşidi, militanların geri dönmek için fırsat kolladığını söyledi.
İlin El-Kaide örgütünden geri alınmasının sadece Yemen ve Körfez ülkeleri için değil bütün dünya için stratejik bir başarı sayıldığını dile getiren Raşidi, koalisyonun El-Kaide’yle baş edemeyeceğini savunanların kaybettiğine işaret etti.
Yemen’deki savaşın Sünniler ve Şiiler arasında yapılan mezhepsel bir savaş olmadığını hatırlatan Raşidi, Yemen’in istikrarının, Körfez ve bölge ülkelerinin de istikrarı anlamına geldiğini vurguladı.
Yemen'in yüzölçümü açısından en büyük vilayeti Hadramevt, askeri ve idari olarak Sahil ve Sahra Hadramevt olarak iki kısımdan oluşuyor. Yaklaşık bir yıldır El-Kaide'nin elindeki Mukella, Sahil Hadramevt içinde yer alırken, Sahra Hadramevt hükümet yanlısı güçlerin kontrolü altında bulunuyor. Ordu birlikleri, düzenlediği geniş çaplı operasyonlar kapsamında geçen pazar Mukalla kentinde denetimi sağlamıştı. 陈浩天傍住洋“牧师” 煽动暴力 美化暴徒
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【大公报讯】“港独”分子及泛暴派自六月起多次作外国势力“带路人”，甘愿作外国势力棋子进行乱港工作！前理大学生、“港独”分子陈浩天日前与一名自称来自美国纽约的人权组织牧师威廉．德夫林（William Devlin）现身理大暴乱现场，协助对方进行偏颇报道，藉机吸引美国的注意力。
陈浩天穿起全套暴徒装备，更手持雨伞及站在威廉．德夫林旁边，俨如充当一名护卫。威廉．德夫林则继续在现场进行直播，继续向他的美国观众灌输暴徒为所谓的民主而战，美化香港暴徒的暴力，希望大伙为香港年轻人祈祷。 Restoration of the World’s Longest Painting is on Its Way
Through the generosity of the Stockman Family Foundation and a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities the Museum is moving forward on a long-awaited project, the restoration of the 1848 Grand Panorama of a Whaling Voyage ‘Round the World. One of the Museum’s iconic artifacts, the Purrington-Russell Panorama, is believed to be the longest painting in the world. Although such a claim is difficult to prove, at 1,295 long (and eight and a half feet tall) it is a reasonable belief, particularly given that the few other surviving works of this ilk only hundreds of feet long feet are often touted as among the longest.
Created when giant paintings unrolled in front of a paying audience were a common form of popular entertainment, this Panorama not only documents details about whaling and the maritime world of the mid 19th century, but also survives as a nationally important artifact of American culture. It illustrates like no other document the path of expanding hegemony of the United States through the intersection and injection of American commerce worldwide into remote and exotic ports and landfalls.
Created by Benjamin Russell and Caleb Purrington in 1848, this Panorama has been displayed in a host of venues – from a national tour when it was created to the 1964 New York World’s Fair. It was donated to the Museum in 1918 and was displayed for many years. However, one can easily imagine what a century and a half of rolling, unrolling, display, and light can do to deteriorate nearly a quarter-mile of painted cotton sheeting. It has not been exhibited in its entirety for more than 50 years, and the Museum thanks Mystic Seaport for kindly storing this monstrous painting over the past year as we develop plans for its next step.
Several preliminary studies of the panorama were completed over the years, ably led by former Conservator Robert Hauser. With funding now in place the Museum can assemble an advisory team, hire a consulting curator whose specialty aligns with this project, and move forward with development of a formal treatment protocol that will clearly test and define each step of the restoration process. With these pieces in places restoration can begin. The Museum continues to seek funding for restoration of the full panorama, and this grant gets us a huge step in the right direction to again make it accessible to scholars and visitors. 土耳其安纳多卢通讯社22日称，伊拉克南部济加尔省确诊该国首例新冠病毒患者。但是伊拉克卫生部当晚辟谣，称目前境内没有发现任何确诊。
安纳多卢通讯社援引当地消息人士称，一名近期从伊朗什叶派圣城库姆（Qom）返回的学生，在济加尔省被检测出新冠病毒阳性。目前他已被隔离等待进一步检测。
伊拉克国家通讯社（NINA）22日晚报道，该国卫生部发言人赛夫·巴德博士在声明中否认有关消息，称迄今为止，在包括库尔德自治区在内的伊拉克全境都没有发现任何感染。他呼吁听从有检测能力的政府机构或授权实体发布的信息。
医务人员在伊朗、伊拉克边境检测旅客图自：法新社
伊朗卫生部发言人贾汉普尔22日表示，确诊患者已达到28人，其中5人已经死亡。在21—22日之间的10个新增病例中，8个来自库姆。目前该市已决定暂停学校和集会活动。 （1）政党的衰落
半个世纪以后，进步党时期削弱美国政党的一系列措施终于在统计数据上显示了效果。路维在《个人总统》中指出，政党组织的衰落表现在多个方面。首先，澳大利亚选票制度使选民分票轻而易举。从1942年到1972年，在投票中选择同一政党的总统与国会议员的选民比例从62%下降到38%。在1980年这个比例是37%；当年里根获选就是因为他获得了28%的民主党选民支持，而卡特却只获得12%的共和党选民支持。其次，在国会内部，议员投“党票”的表决直线下降：本世纪初为50%，新政时期23%，第二次大战结束时15%，六十年代初为8%，到1970年则只有1%。 同时，“双党表决”不断上升：在新政时期是35%，二战结束时45%，五十年代末为60%，到七十年代初则达到70%。在八十年代，有10%的众议员更经常地投票赞成反对党。与以上趋势相吻合，无党派的“独立派”相应崛起：从1952年到1980年，民主党占选民的比例从47%下降到40%，共和党从27%下降到23%，而同期独立派比例则从22%上升到37%，可谓和两大党鼎足而立
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م که آیا مردم باید زیر چانه ای و رو شانه ای را به کناری بگذارند؟ ریچی: نه، نمی توان یک قانون کلی ساخت. بعضی ها گردن خیلی کوتاه و بعضی هم گردن خیلی بلندی دارند. تکلیف آنها چیست؟ …
یکی از اعضای سایت از ریچی خواست تا تکنیک های نگهداری ویولن با دست چپ و راست را توضیح دهد.
ریچی: در حقیقت تبدیل تمارین مختلف دست راست به یک تمرین کار مشکلیست زیرا که دست راست وظیفه تولید ضربه های مختلفی مانند لگاتو، ضربات ایستا و اسپیکاتو را به عهده دارد. او تکنیک نوازندگی کمانی را توصیه کرد. به این شکل که: دو حرکت بالا و دو حرکت پایین، سه حرکت بالا و سه حرکت پایین، و دست آخر هم چار حرکت بالا و چهار حرکت پایین.
هر دو دست وظایف بسیار متفاوتی را در نوازندگی ویولن بر عهده دارندو بکارگیری مناسب آنها مستلزم تمرین و طی کردن مراحل دشواریست.
تکنیک های دست چپی که ریچی پیشنهاد می کند با تکنیک های ویولن نوازان مدرنبسیار متفاوت است و بکارگیری این تکنیک ها مستلزم مقداری تمرین و تجربه است. این گفته دیوید یونان است که ریچی را به مدت بیست سال است می شناسد و در سن دوازده سالگی در مستر کلاس ریچی در ۱۹۸۷ برلین حضور داشته و نوازندگی کرده است. این اواخر یونان شاگردان خود را جهت نوازندگی در حضور ریچی به پالم اسپرینگز آورد. هنگام آماده شدن برای سفر، او سعی کرد تا تکنیک گلیساندو را مجددا به شاگردانش بیاموزد. یونان اظهار می دارد که حقیقتا فراگیری شیوه ریچی برای بچه ها سخت بوده است.
یونان که تمام کاپریس های پاگانینی را از سیزده سالگی نواخته و آنها را زیر دظر مربیان متفاوتی نظیر رولند و آلمیتا واموس مطالعه کرده است، احساس می کند که آنچه که ریچی راجع به انگشت شصت دست چپ می گوید بسیار ارزشمند است. یونان می گوید: واقعا فکر می کنم که پاگانینی این قطعات را به این شکل می نواخته است.
وقتی بحث نوازندگی و رپرتوار حرفه ای از سوی نوازندگان حرفه ای پیش کشیده می شود، روش ریچی بی شک بهترین نمونه برای تمرین و تمرکز است. این بدین معنیست که برای بیشتر ویولنیست ها روش ریچی دانشیست که نیاز به کار، تجربه و تمرین فراوان دارد. هرچند که آرزوی ریچی اینست که فواید روش او مورد استفاده هنرجویان مبتدی قرار گیرد.
همانطور که ریچی اشاره کرد، ” برای بالا بردن تکنیک و امکان پذیر کردن ممکن ها باید دست به امتحان نا ممکن ها بزنید.” A Montessori Classroom is divided into several sections, with four main areas: Practical Life, Sensorial, Mathematics, and Language. Each area provides materials specifically targeted to skill development within that domain.
The Practical Life Area, also known as Everyday Living, focuses on the development of social skills, independence, responsibility, motor skills and control, and self-discipline. Students receive demonstrations and engage in a variety of activities in six areas:
- Preliminary activities that involve maintenance of the environment, such as putting away a chair, pouring water, and rolling out a mat for work.
- Care of Self activities that involve hygiene and dressing activities, such as zipping, tying, buttoning, and washing hands.
- Care of the Environment activities that involve folding towels, wiping up a spill, using a dustpan and broom, washing tables, and watering plants.
- Grace and Courtesy lessons such as saying please and thank you, getting someone’s attention politely, greeting someone, and proper table manners.
- Fine Motor activities such as transferring items using tongs and tweezers, cutting, lacing and threading, and opening and closing containers.
- Life Skills activities such as setting a table, wrapping a present, cutting a banana, sharpening pencils, and hammering a nail.
The Sensorial Area focuses on learning through the senses, and is a precursor to many math concepts. Students use materials that differ by size, shape, color, temperature, weight, texture, taste, and smell.
The Mathematics Area engages children on a concrete level so that they are later able to move to the abstract. They begin to understand concepts such as number, addition, subtraction, fractions, square and cube, and time.
The Language Area addresses the complex process involved in developing spoken language, writing, and reading. Children practice the development of sound discrimination, visual discrimination, fine motor skills for handwriting, letter recognition, print knowledge, sequencing, vocabulary, comprehension, and many other skills needed to write and read. Günün ilk maçı, TVF Başkent Voleybol Salonu'nda saat 14.00'te Ziraat Bankkart ile Galatasaray HDI Sigorta arasında oynanacak.
Burhan Felek Vestel Voleybol Salonu'nun ev sahipliği yapacağı diğer müsabakada ise saat 20.00'de Fenerbahçe HDI Sigorta ile Arkas Spor karşılaşacak.
İki galibiyete ulaşan takımın finale kalacağı serilerin ikinci karşılaşmaları, 6 Nisan'da yapılacak. Gerekmesi halinde üçüncü maçlar, 9 Nisan'da gerçekleştirilecek. Yarı final serilerinin kaybedenleri ise sezonu üçüncü bitirebilmek için karşı karşıya gelecek. La nuova marcia della pirateria Windows
E' un dato singolare quello proposto da Gartner in uno studio presentato nei giorni scorsi.
Secondo la società di ricerca, infatti, se da un lato è vero che Linux si sta diffondendo come piattaforma standard per i pc venduti in mercati emergenti, in particolare Asia, America Latina ed Europa dell'Est, ciò non significa che Windows non sia preso in considerazione, anzi.
Semplicemente, secondo Gartner, sui pc venduti con Linux prima o poi verrà installata anche una copia di Windows.
Illegale però.
Il fenomeno sarebbe tutt'altro che marginale, con buona pace di Bsa.
Reperire una copia illegale di Windows a una frazione del costo della versione legale è tutt'altro che complicato e dunque il passaggio da Linux a Windows potrebbe interessare anche l'80% dei pc venduti nei Paesi in esame.
Sempre secondo Gartner, la scelta in direzione open source nasce dalla necessità per alcuni operatori di continuare a garantirsi un minimo di marginalità in presenza di un downpricing costante sulla componentistica. E dunque non pare strano che il 9,8% dei pc venduti nell'area Asia-Pacifico, l'11,2% di quelli venduti in Europa dell'Est e il 12,1% di quelli venduti in America Latina vengano consegnati con Linux preinstallato.
Tanto per passare a Windows c'è sempre tempo, e soprattutto modo.
www.01net.it Tuberculosis continues to be one of the greatest infectious disease threats to public health and treatments are becoming more limited. It is caused by human to human airborne transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), a bacterium adapted for life within the resident immune cell of the lung – the alveolar macrophage (AM). The inflammatory mechanisms of the AM are highly regulated to avoid damage to the delicate lung environment and as a result the killing ability of the AM is dampened when encountering the host-adapted M.tb. Understanding the detailed signaling pathways and biology that dictates AM development in the lung holds the key to new treatment and vaccine strategies. This new 5-year, $1,725,083 dollar NIH grant, titled “TB and Innate Immune Regulation of Lung Macrophages,” is to expand a fundamental discovery by the Schlesinger research team on a key regulator of lung macrophage biology, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ), whose activity is enhanced by surfactant which the AMs are bathed in. Understanding how M.tb and different components of surfactant regulate PPAR-γ and its downstream immune-related functions will help decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying AM activation in response to M.tb and other intracellular pathogens. Thus, results from this research may identify PPAR-γ as a potential target for novel host-directed therapies for tuberculosis. Although it is noncancerous, asbestosis is one of the most severe diseases caused by a constant exposure to asbestos. Practically, this disease is described by severe scars on the lungs. It is quite common in people who work in asbestos factories or construction workers. Smokers experience even higher risks to develop this problem. Aside from the actual scars, patients will develop a gradual breath shortness, as well as painful sensations in the chest and a constant cough. If you are worried about this condition, you’ll find out more: this page has all the required information to protect yourself under specific circumstances. Behind the chubby cheeks and bright eyes of babies as young as 8 months lies the smoothly whirring mind of a social statistician, logging our every move and making odds on what a person is most likely to do next, suggests new research in the journal Infancy.
"Even before they can talk, babies are keeping close track of what's going on in front of them and looking for patterns of activity that may suggest preferences," said study co-author Lori Markson, associate professor of psychological & brain sciences and director of the Cognition & Development Lab at Washington University in St. Louis. "Make the same choice three or four times in a row, and babies as young as 8 months come to view that consistent behavior as a preference."
The findings demonstrated that infants look for consistent patterns of behavior and make judgements about people's preferences based on simple probabilities calculated from observed events and actions.
Co-led by Yuyan Luo, an associate professor of psychological sciences at the University of Missouri-Columbia, the study may shed light on how infants and young children learn about people's preferences for a certain kind of food, toy or activity. It might also explain why kids always seem to want the toy that someone else is playing with.
"Consistency seems to be an important factor for infants in helping them sort out what's happening in the world around them," Markson said. "Our findings suggest that, if a person does something different even a single time, it undoes the notion of someone having a clear preference and changes an infant's expectations for that individual's behavior. In other words, if you break the routine, all bets are off in terms of what they expect from you."
The findings confirmed that infants as young as 8 months are already developing the ability to see the world through someone else's eyes, to sense what another person may or may not know, think or believe about a situation.
Because babies can't tell us what they're thinking, researchers had previously speculated that the ability to see life from someone else's perspective did not develop until about 4 years of age. But more
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یفرنیا» که در موزه تاریخ و زنان و هنر کالیفرنیا واقع است، را نصیب استیو جابز کردند.
در اوت سال ۲۰۰۹ میلادی، درنظرسنجی جونیور اچیومنت (یک سازمان جوانان غیرانتفاعی که در زمینه انتقال تجربیات سازمانها به جوانان فعالیت میکند)، او به عنوان مورد تحسین ترین کارآفرین در میان نوجوانان انتخاب شد. در نوامبر ۲۰۰۹، به وسیله مجله فورچون به عنوان «مدیرعامل دهه» انتخاب شد.در نوامبر ۲۰۱۰، در رده هفدهم قدرتمندترین افراد جهان از دیدگاه فوربز قرار گرفت.در دسامبر ۲۰۱۰، فایننشال تایمز، جابز را به عنوان مرد سال ۲۰۱۰ معرفی کرد. هنگام استعفای استیو جابز و پس از مرگش، بارها با عناوین آیندهبین، پیشرو و نابغه معرفی شد.پس از استعفای استیو جابز از مدیرعاملی اپل، نیویورک تایمز، استیو جابز را به عنوان توماس ادیسون و هنری فورد این دوره توصیف کرد.در ۲۱ دسامبر ۲۰۱۱ در بوداپست، شرکت گرافیسافت، اولین مجسمه برنزی استیو جابز را ارائه داد و او را یکی از بزرگترین شخصیتهای عصر مدرن معرفی کرد.
در یک نظر سنجی که در سال ۲۰۱۲ از ۱۰۰۰ نوجوان بین سنین ۱۶ تا ۲۵ سال انجام شد تا بزرگترین نوآور کل تاریخ شناخته شود، استیو جابز با کسب ۲۴ درصد آراء، رتبهٔ دوم را پس از توماس ادیسون کسب کرد.
در مارس ۲۰۱۲، فورچون، جابز را بزرگترین کارآفرین این دوران نامید و او را آیندهبین، الهامبخش و بااستعداد توصیف کرد.
والتر ایزاکسون درباره جابز میگوید: «او یک کارآفرین خلاق بوده و در شش مورد زیر انقلابی ایجاد کرده و آنها را به کمال رسانیدهاست: رایانههای شخصی، تصاویر انیمیشن، موسیقی، تلفن، تبلت و انتشارات دیجیتال»
ویرایش و تلخیص:آکاایران
پاسخ:
خوشحالم که شناختیدمتون (:
پاسخ:
نخونده لایک کن فقط (: دمت گرم
پاسخ:
(: بله ، هییییی روزگـــــــــــار !!! به گزارش اقتصادنیوز به نقل از خبرآنلاین، دیلی میل گزارش داد، رهبر کره شمالی با کت چرم به سبک رایش سوم از شهر جدید «آرمان شهر سوسیالیستی» بازدید کرد.
وی از ۱۱ اکتبر بدین سو دیده نشده بود و این طولانیترین غیبتش از ۲۰۱۴ بدین سو بوده است.
نکته قابل توجه در این بین کت چرمی اون بود که به نوشته دیلی میل بازتاب دهنده "هیتلر درونی" رهبر کره شمالی است. کتی که نازی ها بر تن می کردند.
این سبک معروف و برجسته مورد علاقه نازی ها از جمله جوزف گوبلز و هاینریش هیملر بود و همچنین توسط همتایان کمونیست آنها در اتحاد جماهیر شوروی مانند جوزف استالین استفاده می شد. If Human Life Has Intrinsic Value Is Euthanasia Always Immoral?
The term euthanasia means death without suffering, or a good death. There are four ways to qualify the word euthanasia. Voluntary euthanasia is when a patient makes a conscious decision that his or her life should end, and asks for help in doing so. This is sometimes called assisted suicide. Involuntary euthanasia is when an individual in society makes a positive decision to end the life of someone suffering without consent from the sufferer. Active euthanasia implies some active step, for example the giving of a drug, has been taken to cause the death of a sufferer. …
- Creative Expression Allows People to Attempt to Escape from what They View as Painful Realities of Human Existence
- Essence of Empowerment. Human Relations
- If Human Life Has Intrinsic Value Is Euthanasia Always Immoral?
E-pasta adrese, uz kuru nosūtīt darba saiti:
Saite uz darbu: USA: “Hanno voluto le bombe più grosse”
di Maurizio Blondet
Strategika 51
La propaganda di guerra israeliana non parla mai del tipo delle munizioni utilizzate nel bombardamento aereo della Striscia di Gaza assediata. Ufficialmente si tratta di bombardamenti mirati. In effetti, gli israeliani lanciano le bombe più grandi nel loro inventario e premono costantemente Washington per accelerare le consegne di armi con una maggiore capacità di distruzione. Una fonte anonima del Pentagono afferma che la frenesia israeliana di acquisire sistemi d’arma statunitensi è molto difficile da definire, anche per i professionisti. During the many years that we have been writing about wind factories, one of the main headline issues has been the calm periods, when little power is produced.
Coming up fast on the agenda, though, is the opposite end of the spectrum. The windmills produce power when it's not wanted – the so-called "wrong time" power. And what is remarkable is the sheer scale of the problem, recorded in Germany by the Financial Times Deutschland (FTD) at about 407 gigawatt hours, "enough to supply a city with 100,000 households for 15 months".
As the amount of renewable electricity increases, this problem can only get worse. Thus, we already have the Bornholm experiment and the "EcoGrid EU", trialing systems which they hope will balance supply and demand. Planners also hope to enlist electric cars in the scheme, using them to store surplus electricity.
But such is the desperation that utility companies are even turning to the obsolete technology of night storage heaters. With the story picked up by Spiegel, we learn that energy supplier RWE wants to revive these electric heaters, equipping them with modern control technology (i.e., "smart meters"), allowing their use as energy storage for fluctuating amounts of electricity from windmills.
Domestic systems will be set to allow the heaters to use cheap electricity when it is over-abundant, yet shut them down when the prices increase above pre-set levels.
But it isn't only the "wrong-time" electricity that is the problems. Apparently, as demand fluctuates out of synch with the highly variable wind-generated supply, windmills have to be shut down, making the economics of renewable energy even more precarious. The year 2011 had three times as many wind turbines forced to stand idle then the year previously. Thus, storage heaters can keep more windmills in use.
FTD admits that it is desperation that is forcing power companies to resort to every opportunity for temporary storage of energy, and even though night storage heaters lose a lot of energy, the loss is deemed preferable to shutting down windmills or unbalancing the system.
It comes to a pretty pass, therefore, when to protect their precious renewables, energy companies are about to promote the wasteful use of electricity, and doubly so when they are also spending a fortune of our money to promote "efficiency".
Even then, this is far from a solution. How consumers heat their homes when the wind is not blowing is a problem which has yet to be solved. This has Felix Matthes, an energy expert at the Institute for Applied Ecology, saying that storage heaters are not suitable as large batteries. He believes such devices, with those in use already set to be banned because of their inefficiency, should remain banned.
Nevertheless, such mad schemes are set to continue – an inevitable consequence of letting the NWO Greens set the agenda for electricity supply. And, what is happening in Germany today will be on our doorsteps in a few years time. There is no end to the madness. This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Pichakaree (or pichakaaree) is an Indo-Trinidadian form of music, which originated in Trinidad and Tobago. It is named after the long syringe-like tubes used to spray abir during Phagwah celebrations.
Pichakaree songs are generally social commentary, and are sung using a mixture of Hindi, English and Bhojpuri words. The musical form was devised by RaviJi, spiritual leader of the Hindu Prachar Kendra, as an Indo-Trinidadian counterpoint to calypso. Pichakaree competitions are an integral part of Phagwa celebrations hosted by the Hindu Prachar Kendra. This has been criticised by Satnarayan Maharaj of the Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha (the largest Hindu organisation in Trinidad and Tobago), saying that Phagwah is a religious celebration, and "A sacred occasion like Phagwa must not be used to piggy-back behaviour that is adharamic (anti-religious in the Vedic Tradition).
Relation with tantra
|This article about a music genre is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.| مهندس ابراهیمی مدیرعامل شرکت با اشاره به اهمیت این اورهال که با توجه به تغییر روند حرکت شرکت و تولید انبوه ورقهای با ارزش افزوده و با استاندارد api برنامه ریزی شده و با توجه به اینکه این اورهال پس از ۵ سال انجام می شود، باید با دقت و توان مضاعف مشکلات خط برطرف شود که شرکت بتواند با بهترین کیفیت و سرعت تعمیرات خود را در پروژه های ملی صنعت نفت و پاسخگو باشد.
در این جلسه مدیران گزارشی از برنامه ریزی واحدهای خود روز های انجام عملیات اورهال را تشریح کردند. طبق برنامه ریزی انجام شده مدت زمان این اورهال سه هفته به طول می انجامد و همچنین برنامه تولید جبرانی جهت تامین ورق های
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内灯光的问题，以超过使用者的所有市场需求和获取有效地的工作条件环境： 1、人类的视力十分倚赖周遭视界的亮度 当环境的亮度减少时，人类的动力和整体视力也比较地减少；而再次发生错误的可能性也减少。非常简单来说，我们可以把照度分成7级：定向与非常简单视觉作业30、50、100lx；普通视觉作业300、500、1000lx；类似视觉作业3000~10000lx。可以按照有所不同的室内拒绝来自由选择灯具的照度。 2、光线的产于 产于在室内有所不同平面的圆润灯光，能给与空间舒适感。
忽略地，不合适或过多的灯光将不会导致视力的受损和疲惫。 3、必要的镜片掌控 室内的镜片虽然不至于引响视力，但可能会对视力导致性刺激和损害。 4、较好的对比校正 对比的最重要是能使得眼睛辨别实物和背景。一个灯光系统内，较好的对比校正会引发镜片，甚至是发光的平面和文件。
既使是平滑的纸张也会影响读者。 5、感应方向的准确 灯具感应方向的方位对对比校正而言是最重要的。
同时，它也影响光线和阴影的产于。 6、必要的阴影状态 阴影可强化立体视线和提示的功能。有效地的散播光和必要光人组可产生较好的阴影状态。
7、必要颜色的呈现出 白昼时，大自然光源的光线不会替换。因此，人工光源可呈现出有所不同的颜色和光线展现出，以提供支援有所不同的灯光功能和情境。 8、大自然颜色校正 仅有入射光内的频谱性色彩可被物体光线和被肉眼察觉到。
颜色校正为人造光源能力的测量，以展现出物体的天然颜色。有条件的话，引荐用于LED类光源产品，显色性以及色温、节约能源方面都展现出出众。 9、有效地的灯光环境 光能影响人的心情和感觉。对室内和灯光的感觉是一种主观且无意识的印象。
近年来，大众更加留意工作场所的正面灯光环境的重要性。 10、有效地的掌控能源消耗 现代灯具设计的基本拒绝是能源的再行利用和节省。节约能源、环保和身体健康是绿色灯光的基本宗旨。1991年美国环保署提倡的绿色灯光已普及全球，深入人心，对照明设计有深刻影响。
目前对于灯具的加装，和旧式低效率的系统的再行改建和重整早已有许多解决方案。
本文关键词：室内,华体会体育,照明,设计,十大,注意事项,与,LED,思路
本文来源：华体会体育-www.hilar.cn 有小孩在后座！偷车贼开回去大骂粗心妈妈 再把车开走
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警方在事发后数小时内找到了被偷窃的车辆，不过目前仍在寻找小偷。警方也公布了小偷的样貌，希望有线索的民众能连系警方。（撷取自当地警局粉专）(photo:LTN)
〔即时新闻／综合报导〕美国一位汽车小偷日前在路边偷偷将一台未熄火的车开走，开到一半却发现后座上有一位小孩，随后，这名小偷立刻将车开回原地，痛骂小孩的妈妈一顿，将小孩还给她之后，又把车给开走。
根据《美联社》报导，美国奥瑞冈州警方发言人亨德森（Matt Henderson）日前揭露这起案件。他表示，当时被害女子将她的休旅车停在距离一间商店的4.5公尺外，并将她4岁的小孩留在车上，没有熄火、也未上锁就进店买东西。商店店员告诉警方，就在女子进店几分钟后，有人把这台休旅车给开走。
没想到，小偷发现有孩子被留在后座后，立刻把车开回原地，指责孩子的妈妈将孩子独自留在车上。叫妈妈把她的孩子带走后，这名小偷又把车子给开走。亨德森指出，实际上，这名窃贼还警告女子，表示他会报警。
不过，亨德森说，其实这名女子没有做错任何事，因为她将孩子留在视觉、听觉范围内，但这一件事还是很好的警示，提醒父母要对子女多加注意。亨德森也说，「我们很感激他（小偷）把小家伙载回来，他这样做非常体面」。
警方在事发后数小时内找到了被偷窃的车辆，不过目前仍在寻找小偷。警方也公布了小偷的样貌，希望有线索的民众能连系警方。 پاسخ خواننده مطرح ترکیه به اقدام جالب توجه بازیکنان تیم ملی ایران
به گزارش مجله سرگرمی، خبرورزشی - ملی پوشان والیبال ایران ترانه ای از یک خواننده ترک را به صورت گروهی در اتوبوس اجرا کردند که این موضوع با واکنش این خواننده همراه شده است.
مورات ککیلی، خواننده ترانه Bu akşam ölürüm است که این ترانه در این هواداران زیادی دارد. ترانه ای که پیش از این به زبان فارسی هم توسط کامران رسول زاده اجرا شده است و بعدها چندین خواننده ایرانی دیگر آن را کاور نموده اند.
مورات ککلی در مورد اجرای این ترانه توسط ملی پوشان ایران در توییتر نوشت:
برای تیم ملی ایران در بازی مقابل کانادا آرزوی موفقیت دارم!
او در ادامه گفت که می داند در ایران به عنوان یک خواننده ترک هوادارانی دارد.منبع: عصر ایران Gün boyunca doların dizginsizce tırmanması karşısında, Ankara’da işçi ve emekçiler sokaklara döküldü. 23 Kasım akşamı, ellerinde tencere ve tavalara vurarak yürüyen kitle “Hükümet istifa!” sloganı attı.
Günlerdir dolar her saniye biraz daha yükseliyor. Doların yükselişi yoksulluğu artırıyor. Ankara halkı buna karşı verilmesi gereken en önemli tepkiyi verdi. Sokağa çıktı, yaşadığı ekonomik krizin hesabını sordu; böylece krize karşı yapılması gereken şeyi gösterdi. Hollanda (Hollanda), Romanya'dan gelen yolcuların izolasyonunu veya karantinasını GEREKMEZ
Bugün Hollanda'nın (Hollanda) Romanya'dan Hollanda'ya seyahat eden herkes için karantina yükümlülüğünü nasıl yerine getirdiğine dair bir efervesanlık gördük. Hayır, öyle değil. Bu gece Hollandalı yetkililerin (Hollanda) gerçekte ne söylemek istedikleri hakkında daha net bilgiler aldım.
Doğru ki Romanya, COVID-19 epidemiyolojik bağlamında yüksek riskli bir ülke olmaya devam ediyor. Ve bugünden başlayarak, Hollandalı yetkililer, Romanya'dan Hollanda'ya seyahat eden herkese, Hollanda'ya geldikten sonra 14 gün boyunca evde kendi kendilerini tecrit etmelerini şiddetle TAVSİYE EDER. Bu yüzden bir yükümlülükten değil, bir tavsiyeden bahsediyoruz.
Hollanda izolasyon veya karantina gerektirmez
Romanya'daki Hollanda Büyükelçiliği'nden bazı cevaplar aşağıdadır.
1. Neden Hollanda'dan Hollanda'ya geldikten 14 gün sonra kendi kendine tecrit önerisi?
RIVM (Hollanda Ulusal Halk Sağlığı ve Çevre Enstitüsü) verilerine göre, Romanya'daki Covid-19 virüsü ile enfeksiyon derecesi yüksektir. Bu yüzden Romanya'dan Hollanda'ya seyahat eden herkesin kendilerini tecrit etmesi şiddetle tavsiye edilir.
2. "Kesin tavsiye" ile kastedilen nedir?
Hollanda, kendi kendine izolasyona girmesi şiddetle tavsiye edilen her yolcunun kendi sorumluluğu olduğunu göz önünde bulundurarak karantina yükümlülüğünü uygulamamaktadır.
3. Hollanda, Romanya'nın şimdilik "turuncu" kalması için hangi kriterleri uyguluyor?
Enfeksiyon derecesi RIVM için en önemli kriterdir. Son iki haftanın günlük ortalamasının 20 kişi başına 100.000 vakanın altına düşmesi gerekir.
Şu anda uçuşlar etkilenmemektedir ve Hollanda ile Romanya arasında serbest bir hareket yoktur. Sorumlu seyahat edin!
Hollanda'ya seyahat etmek isteyenlerin takip etmeye devam etmesini tavsiye ederiz. resmi bilgi. Epidemiyolojik evrime bağlı olarak sürekli güncellenecektir. بارسلونا شب گذشته در بازی برابر والنسیا و به لطف تک گل دقیقه 93 روبرت لواندوفسکی پیروز شد ولی دو مدافع دیگر خود را هم از دس
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运行时间，也是一种间接意义上的效率提高。
4.结语
离心泵各过流部件的布局是影响其效率的根源，提高转速，减小叶轮直径、减小各间隙、优选布局组合是提拔泵自身效率的有效手段;2）合理地应用选型及传动设计对提高整机效率影响显明，尽量使各个机构工作在自身高效局限内;3）泵的使用维护该当正视，按要求搜检各间隙，替换易损件有助于保障高效运行。效率是评价一种产物的主要经济手艺指标，中国工业已经进入成熟期，很多产物，尤其是综合效率不高的离心泵，仍需要进行邃密化、高品质研究，不仅对晋升整体产物质量、品牌效应及综合竞争力有很大接济，并且相符节能减排的国度宏观政策和绿色经济成长的时代理念，是将来泵产物及应用研究的首要目的。
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|本文链接：http://www.collectionsiq.com//a/170.html| These questions and answers are from the Student Catechism.
111. What are the three offices of Christ?
The three offices of Christ are Prophet, Priest, and King.
112. Why did Jesus need to fulfill these offices?
Jesus had to fulfill these offices to meet our needs. As Prophet He enlightens our darkened minds. He calls us to repentance. As Priest, He cleanses our corrupt hearts and reconciles us to God. As King, He delivers our wills from the bondage of the devil and will eventually “put all things under His feet.”
113. Why did Jesus have to die?
Jesus had to die because the consequence of our sin was death. In order to reverse the curse of the Fall, Jesus took that consequence. Jesus identified with us even to the point of death to restore us. Jesus was able to destroy death and the devil by dying and then raising from the dead. We are saved when we identify with Christ, dying to sin as Jesus died for sin, and then by faith identifying with Christ in His resurrection.
114. Was Christ punished for our sins?
Christ was only punished provisionally for our sins. It is most precise to say that Christ suffered for us so that we don’t have to be punished for our sins. The problem with saying that Christ took our punishment in an absolute sense is that one might conclude that no one for whom Christ died could be punished for his sins, since the punishment was already taken by Christ, and it would be unjust for punishment to be suffered twice for the same sins.
115. Do we believe that the atonement is objective?
We do believe that the atonement is a once-for-all objective act, but we say that it is the basis for forgiveness; it doesn’t secure our forgiveness automatically.
116. Was Christ our Substitute?
117. How would you define the atonement?
The atonement is that gracious act of God whereby Christ, the sinless God-man, demonstrating God’s love for man and hatred for sin, suffered in the place of all mankind, giving His life’s blood to fully satisfy the justice and holiness of God, propitiating for sin, then rising from the dead, destroying the power of sin and death, overcoming the devil, and thereby making it possible that all who repent and believe will be forgiven instead of being punished for their sins, sanctified and (ultimately) glorified.
118. How important is the resurrection to atonement?
The resurrection confirms the atonement. It is evidence that Jesus has power over sin, death, and the devil, and that He can give spiritual and physical life to those who trust him.
119. Is there proof that Jesus really rose from the dead?
There is overwhelming evidence that Jesus rose from the dead. This evidence includes the facts that people observed Him die, after which the tomb He was buried in was found empty three days later, that Jesus was seen alive by hundreds of people after His death and burial, and that the disciples willingly died for their faith (they would have known their story was a lie if it were; no one willingly dies for what they know is a lie).
120. What are the unconditional benefits of the atonement?
The unconditional benefits of the atonement are the continued existence of the human race, salvation of infants, and prevenient grace, making salvation possible for all persons.
121. What are the conditional benefits of the atonement?
The conditional benefits of the atonement include justification, regeneration, adoption, the witness of the Spirit, and entire sanctification.
122. Did Christ die for everyone?
Jesus Christ died for everyone. The atonement is universal. 1 John 2:2 says that Christ made propitiation not only for our sins, but also for the sins of the whole world. 2 Cor 5:15 says that He died for all. Romans 14:15 says that He died for those that may perish. 1 Timothy 4:10 says that Jesus is the Savior of all men, especially of those who believe.
123. Does this mean that everyone will be saved?
Universal atonement does not mean universal salvation. John 3:16 says that God gave His Son so that whoever believes would not perish but have everlasting life. Salvation is conditioned upon our faith. Potassium bromate has been banned in European food products, as well as the United Kingdom, since 1990.
Canada followed shortly thereafter in 1994. Sri Lanka in 2001,
China in 2005, with Nigeria, Brazil, and Peru all banning this known
carcinogen according to the latest report from
This carcinogen is classified in Group 7, known as halogens in the Periodic Table.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists bromine in the same class as potassium bromate, as a toxin.
In September 2007, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) responded to Breast Cancer Choices Organization inquiry about the additive potassium bromate with the statement:
"Potassium bromate is still listed as a safe additive."
The United States has not followed the lead of other countries due to governmental interferance on the ban of carcinogenic substances.
In 1991, the FDA ineffectually urged bakers to voluntarily stop using the toxin.
Potassium bromate is used in almost all bread products in the U.S.
Purportedly, it is used to provide a reliable result in the baking process.
If potassium bromate is not listed on the product label, you will find it disguised as "enriched flour".
Pepperidge Farm, appears to do quite well using unbromated flour and obtains excellent results.
Best Foods, maker of Arnold, Entenmann’s, and Orowheat, along with Pillsbury, have switched to bromate free processes.
Some supermarket chains, including Giant, Jewel, Ralph’s, and Von’s, do not use bromated flour.
Whole Foods Markets lists both bromated flour and potassium bromate as unacceptable ingredients for their products.
California, on its own, has taken the lead and now requires a warning label when bromated flour is used in any food product.
Interstate Brands producers of Wonder Bread and Home Pride,along with Schmidt Baking, producer of Sunbeam, still use potassium bromated flour.
Tasty Baking, producer of TastyKake and Martin’s, still uses potassium bromated flour in some of their products.
Fast food chains such as Burger King, Arby’s, and Wendy’s use bromated flour in their buns. Boston Market uses it in the French sandwich bread.
The Center for Science advises consumers to avoid bread, rolls, doughnuts, and cakes that list “potassium bromate” or “bromated flour” among their ingredients. This toxin has been labeled as a cancer threat.
The FDA’s limited surveys found that rolls and buns are likely to contain high levels of bromate.
A condition known as bromide dominance or bromism develops when your body is exposed repeatedly to products, environment, and food stuffs containing bromide/potassium bromate.
When the level becomes high enough in the body, the bromide/bromate inhibits the body from properly absorbing iodine causing an
There was a reported case of an infant who developed vegetative lesions on the scalp and face after being given baby cough syrup containing bromine.
Cherry angiomas developed on technicians exposed to brominate components.
Patients being treated for mental conditions showed high levels of bromine toxicity.
Loss of hearing or permanent deafness has been reported, specifically in the lower hearing frequency ranges.
Potassium bromide can act as a depressant particularly to the brain and nervous system.
This lessens your sensitivity and works as a powerful depressant for the heart and sex organs sometimes causing loss of the libido.
The list of bromine/potassium bromate poisoning symptoms is long and varied:
Some of the most severe symptoms manifest as:
Products which contain bromide/bromine/potassium bromate are:
Dr. David Brownstein, M.D., author of "Iodine - Why You Need it and Why you Can't Live Without It" has developed a protocol to remove the toxin from your body.
Studies have revealed that once bromine/bromide/potassium bromide enters your body, it binds with the iodine receptors to damage the transporter cells.
It is then stored in the fat tissues. Once this happens, your body becomes deficient in iodine. By supplementing your body with iodine, it is able to detoxify and cleanse itself of the bromine while retaining the much needed iodine.
Salt can also be used. The chlorine in the salt is in the same family as the bromides and competitively inhibits the bromine retention.
Low salt diets only exacerbate the bromine toxicity.
With the iodine supplementation, such as the addition of Idoral or Lugols to the diet, the immune system can be improved and the hormone system balance can be restored.
Without this balance, you may find you have developed an iodine deficiency. 1、电脑风扇转键盘灯不亮，开机也没闪烁可能是什么原因？
电脑开机，风扇转，键盘灯不亮，屏幕没有任何反应，这很可能是电脑出现故障未能通过开机上电自检所致。
电脑接通电源后，系统首先由POST（POWER ON SELF TEST，上电自检）程序来对内部各个设备进行检查，通常完整的POST自检将包括CPU、640K基本内存（640K BASE MEMORY）、1MB以上扩展内存（EXTEND MEMORY）、ROM（READ-ONLY MEMORY，只读存储器）、主板、CMOS存储器、串口、并口、显卡、软盘子系统、硬盘子系统、键盘进行测试，一旦发现问题，系统将给出警告或鸣笛警告。
从自检顺序来看，CPU和主板（包括640K基本内存、ROM、CMOS存储器、串口、并口、集成显卡）出故障的可能性一般比较小，而扩展内存和独立显卡出故障的可能性一般较大，如出故障此时显示器无法接收到视频信号。 针对以上分析，解决办法如下：
1.如果显示器通电但无信号，则关机（如果短按电源开关无效则长按开关直到电源指示灯熄灭或直接拔掉电源线）断电开机箱，重新插拔内存条，并用橡皮顺着一个方向擦拭金手指（大拇指手指甲背刮也行），如有条件还可安装到不同内存插槽，装好后再开机（操作之前，还要通过双手碰触墙壁释放自身静电或佩带防静电手套）。
如果不会操作，那么简单一点：掌击或脚踢机箱一两下就可以了（注意位置：机箱左右侧外壳中后面没有接口的那侧外壳的正中央；注意力道：不要太用力当然也不能无力）。
以上可能需要重复操作，如果无效，则需要替换内存条。
如有两根以上内存条，则需要逐根测试。
2.如果上述操作无效，则关机断电开机箱，重新插拔显卡并擦拭其金手指，再插紧显示器与显卡之间的数据线。
如果仍然无效，则考虑数据线或显卡损坏，那就替换新的数据线或显卡。
3.如果主机连接其它显示器能显示或本机显示器接入其它正常主机仍然无法显示，则说明显示器损坏，需要专业维修或更换。 注意事项：如果以上操作无效，则需要检测CPU、主板等关键部件。
建议建立最小系统，进行替换检查，或使用主板诊断卡，以确定故障源。
2、电脑风扇机油滴哪里啊？
润滑油要滴在风扇中间的转轴芯上，一个密封片贴着，要掀开来，换一个吧，一�
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because any analysis of real populations needs to make approximations and place individuals into groups. However if conducted irresponsibly, stereotyping can lead to a variety of ethically undesirable results. In the American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics, stereotyping is countered by the obligation to show respect ("acknowledge the basic human dignity of all stakeholders").
Ethical danger points include:
- Excluding potential customers from the market: selective marketing is used to discourage demand from undesirable market sectors or disenfranchise them altogether.
- Targeting the vulnerable (e.g. children, the elderly).
Examples of unethical market exclusion or selective marketing are past industry attitudes to the gay, ethnic minority and obese ("plus-size") markets. Contrary to the popular myth that ethics and profits do not mix, the tapping of these markets has proved highly profitable. For example, 20% of US clothing sales are now plus-size. Another example is the selective marketing of health care, so that unprofitable sectors (i.e. the elderly) will not attempt to take benefits to which they are entitled. A further example of market exclusion is the pharmaceutical industry's exclusion of developing countries from AIDS drugs.
Examples of marketing which unethically targets the elderly include: living trusts, time share fraud, mass marketing fraud and others. The elderly hold a disproportionate amount of the world's wealth and are therefore the target of financial exploitation.
In the case of children, the main products are unhealthy food, fashionware and entertainment goods. Children are a lucrative market: "...children 12 and under spend more than $11 billion of their own money and influence family spending decisions worth another $165 billion", but are not capable of resisting or understanding marketing tactics at younger ages ("children don't understand persuasive intent until they are eight or nine years old"). At older ages competitive feelings towards other children are stronger than financial sense. The practice of extending children's marketing from television to the schoolground is also controversial (see marketing in schools). The following is a select list of online articles:
- Sharon Beder, Marketing to Children (University of Wollongong, 1998).
- Miriam H. Zoll, Psychologists Challenge Ethics of Marketing to Children, (2000).
- Donnell Alexander and Aliza Dichter, Ads and Kids: How young is too young?
- Rebecca Clay, Advertising to children: Is it ethical? (Monitor on Psychology, Volume 31, No. 8 September 2000), American Psychological Association
- Media Awareness Network. How marketers target kids.
Other vulnerable audiences include emerging markets in developing countries, where the public may not be sufficiently aware of skilled marketing ploys transferred from developed countries, and where, conversely, marketers may not be aware how excessively powerful their tactics may be. See Nestle infant milk formula scandal. Another vulnerable group are mentally unstable consumers. The definition of vulnerability is also problematic: for example, when should endebtedness be seen as a vulnerability and when should "cheap" loan providers be seen as loan sharks, unethically exploiting the economically disadvantaged?
Chris Akabusi is the leading academic author of Marketing Ethics and his theories are widely debated.
List of unethical pricing practices.
- Bid rigging
- Dumping (pricing policy)
- Predatory pricing
- Price discrimination
- Price fixing
- Price skimming
- Price war
- Supra competitive pricing
- Variable pricing
Ethics in advertising and promotion
Ethical pitfalls in advertising and promotional content include:
- Issues over truth and honesty. In the 1940s and 1950s, tobacco used to be advertised as promoting health. Today an advertiser who fails to tell the truth not only offends against morality but also against the law. However the law permits "puffery" (a legal term). The difference between mere puffery and fraud is a slippery slope: "The problem... is the slippery slope by which variations on puffery can descend fairly quickly to lies." See main article: false advertising.
- Issues with violence, sex and profanity. Sexual innuendo is a mainstay of advertising content (see sex in advertising), and yet is also regarded as a form of sexual harassment. Violence is an issue especially for children's advertising and advertising likely to be seen by children.
- Taste and controversy. The advertising of certain products may strongly offend some people while being in the interests of others. Examples include: feminine hygiene products, hemorrhoid and constipation medication. The advertising of condoms has become acceptable in the interests of AIDS-prevention, but are nevertheless seen by some as promoting promiscuity. Some companies have actually marketed themselves on the basis of controversial advertising - see Benetton. Sony has also frequently attracted criticism for unethical content (portrayals of Jesus which infuriated religious groups; racial innuendo in marketing black and white versions of its PSP product; graffiti adverts in major US cities).
- Negative advertising techniques, such as attack ads. In negative advertising, the advertiser highlights the disadvantages of competitor products rather than the advantages of their own. The methods are most familiar from the political sphere: see negative campaigning.
- Direct marketing is the most controversial of advertising channels, particularly when approaches are unsolicited. TV commercials and direct mail are common examples. Electronic spam and telemarketing push the borders of ethics and legality more strongly.
- Shills and astroturfers are examples of ways for delivering a marketing message under the guise of independent product reviews and endorsements, or creating supposedly independent watchdog or review organisations. For example, fake reviews can be published on Amazon. Shills are primarily for message-delivery, but they can also be used to drive up prices in auctions, such as Ebay auctions.
Deceptive Advertising and Ethics
Another breach of marketing ethics has to do with the use of deceptive advertising. This form of advertising is not specific to one target market, and can sometimes go unnoticed by the public. There are a number of different ways in which deceptive marketing can be presented to consumers; one of these methods is accomplished through the use of humor. In a study conducted by Hassib Shabbir and Des Thwaites, 238 advertisements were assessed and 73.5% of them were found to have used deceptive marketing practices. Of those advertisements that were conducted deceptively, 74.5% of them used humor as a masking device in order to mislead potential customers. Part of what drives this study is the idea that humor provides an escape or relief from some kind of human constraint, and that some advertisers intend to take advantage of this by deceptively advertising a product that can potentially alleviate that constraint through humor. Through the study it was also found that all types of humor are used to deceive consumers, and that there are certain types of humor that are used when making certain deceptive claims.
It is important to understand that humor is not the only method that is used to deter consumer’s minds from what a product actually offers. Before making important purchases, one should always conduct their own research in order to gain a better understanding of what it is they are investing in. ]
The use of ethics as a marketing tactic
Business ethics has been an increasing concern among larger companies, at least since the 1990s. Major corporations increasingly fear the damage to their image associated with press revelations of unethical practices. Marketers have been among the fastest to perceive the market's preference for ethical companies, often moving faster to take advantage of this shift in consumer taste. This results in the expropriation of ethics itself as a selling point or a component of a corporate image.
- The Body Shop is an example of a company which marketed itself and its entire product range solely on an ethical message.
- Greenwash is an example of a strategy used to make a company appear ethical when its unethical practices continue.
- Liberation marketing is another strategy whereby a product can masquerade behind an image that appeals to a range of values, including ethical values related to lifestyle and anti-consumerism.
"Liberation marketing takes the old mass culture critique — consumerism as conformity — fully into account, acknowledges it, addresses it, and solves it. Liberation marketing imagines consumers breaking free from the old enforcers of order, tearing loose from the shackles with which capitalism has bound us, escaping the routine of bureaucracy and hierarchy, getting in touch with our true selves, and finally, finding authenticity, that holiest of consumer grails." (Thomas Frank)
The main theoretical issue here is the debate between free markets and regulated markets. In a truly free market, any participant can make or change the rules. However when new rules are invented which shift power too suddenly or too far, other participants may respond with accusations of unethical behaviour, rather than modifying their own behaviour to suit (which they might not be able to anyway). Most markets are not fully free: the real debate is as to the appropriate extent of regulation.
Case: California electricity crisis, which demonstrates how constant innovation of new marketing strategies by companies such as Enron outwitted the regulatory bodies and caused substantial harm to consumers and competitors.
A list of known unethical or controversial marketing strategies:
- Anti-competitive practices
- Bait and switch
- Planned obsolescence
- Pyramid scheme
- Vendor lock-in / Vendor lock-out
- Viral marketing / guerilla marketing
Controversial marketing strategies associated with the internet:
Further issues in marketing ethics
Marketing ethics overlaps with environmental ethics in respect of waste problems associated with the packaging of products.
Some, such as members of the advocacy group No Free Lunch, have argued that marketing by pharmaceutical companies is negatively impacting physicians' prescribing practices, influencing them to prescribe the marketed drugs rather than others which may be cheaper or better for the patient.
Ethically thinking is responding to situations that deal with principles concerning human behavior in respect to the appropriateness and inappropriateness of certain communication and to the decency and indecency of the intention and results of such actions. In other words, ethics are distinctions between right and wrong. Businesses are confronted with ethical decision making every day, and whether employees decide to use ethics as a guiding force when conducting business is something that business leaders, such as managers, need to instill. Marketers are ethically responsible for what is marketed and the image that a product portrays. With that said, marketers need to understand what good ethics are and how to incorporate good ethics in various marketing campaigns to better reach a targeted audience and to gain trust from customers.
Marketing ethics, regardless of the product offered or the market targeted, sets the guidelines for which good marketing is practiced. When companies create high ethical standards upon which to approach marketing they are participating in ethical marketing. To market ethically and effectively one should be reminded that all marketing decisions and efforts are necessary to meet and suit the needs of customers, suppliers, and business partners. Ethical behavior should be enforced throughout company culture and through company practices.
Regulation and enforcement
Marketing ethics and marketing law are related subjects. Relevant areas of law include consumer law which protects consumers and antitrust law which protects competitors - in both cases, against unethical marketing practices. Regulation extends beyond the law to lobbies, watchdog bodies and self-regulatory industry bodies.
- Customer relationship management
- Ethical marketing
- False advertising
- List of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of business topics
- Marketing warfare strategies
- Media ethics
- ^ American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics (2004)
- ^ Lizabeth England,Marketing With A Conscience: Sales and Ethics, US Dept. of State.
- ^ A.J.Kandy, Is marketing evil?, King Marketing, 2004; William DeJong, Marketing Gets Unfairly Branded as Evil, Youth Today; Kathy Sierra, You ARE a marketer. Deal with it, 2005.
- ^ The vastness of the literature on this topic is perhaps best conveyed by D. Slaters 1999 bibliography of consumer culture with over 1500 items. W.R. Childs (Ohio State University) has posted a shorter bibliography of consumer culture.
- ^ American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics
- ^ The term "selective marketing" is preferred. The term market exclusion is normally used in the different context of a cartel of suppliers excluding newcomers from distribution chains.
- ^ CBS News, Plus-Size People, Plus-Size Stuff, Nov 10, 2003
- ^ Mark H. Waymack, The ethics of selectively marketing the Health Maintenance Organization, Journal of Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics, Issue Volume 11, Number 4 / December, 1990, Pages 301-309
- ^ Ruairí Brugha, Antiretroviral treatment in developing countries, BMJ 2003;326:1382-1384
- ^ Senior Journal, Hundreds Arrested in Mass-Marketing Fraud Targeting Senior Citizens, May 24, 2006
- ^ Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Frauds That Target The Elderly, July 11, 2006 (Originally from: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Consumer News)
- ^ US Federal Trade Commission, Consumer fraud against the elderly.
- ^ a b Tom McGee and Kevin Heubusch, `Getting Inside Kids' Heads', American Demographics, Vol. 19, No. 1 (1997), quoted in Sharon Beder, Marketing to Children, University of Wollongong, 1998.
- ^ UOW.edu.au
- ^ Mediachannel.org
- ^ Mediachannel.org
- ^ PA.org
- ^ Media-awareness.ca
- ^ Deborah Josefson, Marketing of antipsychotic drugs attacked BMJ 1998;316:645
- ^ Chickenhead Productions, Truth in Advertising.
- ^ Lew McCreary, Lies, Damn Lies and Puffery: Is it OK to bend the truth if no one believes you anyway?, CMO Magazine, July 2005.
- ^ S.Gilman, Ethics Today Newsletter, September 17, 2003
- ^ S.J.Gould, Sexuality and ethics in advertising: A research agenda and policy guideline perspective, Journal of Advertising, Sep 2004.
- ^ David S. Waller, What factors make controversial advertising offensive?, ANZCA04 Conference, Sydney, July 2004
- ^ Vladimir Cole, Sony's fony graffiti sparks lashback, Joystiq, Dec 3, 2005
- ^ Richard Monson-Haefel, Amazon.com reviews are a farce, Jave.net, Nov 16, 2003.
- ^ Shill Bidding Exposed in E-Bay Auctions, Consume Affairs, November 2004.
- ^ Shabbir, H., & Thwaites, D. (2007). THE USE OF HUMOR TO MASK DECEPTIVE ADVERTISING. Journal Of Advertising, 36(2), 75-85.
- ^ Liberation Marketing and Consumer Society, KLM Inc., 2001.
- ^ Thomas Frank, Liberation Marketing and the Culture Trust, (date unknown).
- ^ Definition of marketing ethics (in German), excerpted from: Bruhn, M., Homburg, C.: Gabler Marketing Lexikon, Wiesbaden 2001.
- ^ Brendan I. Koerner. Dr. No Free Lunch. Mother Jones, March/April, 2003. Retrieved on 2007-10-06.
- Davidson, D. Kirk (2002). The Moral Dimension of Marketing: Essays on Business Ethics. South-Western Educational. ISBN 0-87757-300-X.
- Murphy, Patrick E.; Gene R. Laczniak, Norman E. Bowie (2004). Ethical Marketing. Prentice Hall. ISBN ISBN 0-13-184814-3. OCLC 54805964.
- American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics (2004)
- "Ethics in Marketing." Encyclopedia of Business and Finance. Mohandeep Singh. Thomson Gale, 2001. eNotes. 2
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واهند شد.
"علی امام" مدیرعامل شرکت مترو تهران" در گفتوگو با خبرنگار ایلنا درباره منابع مالی که بمنظور توسعه زیرساختهای مترو نیاز است، به تدوین برنامه حداقلی برای توسعه مترو با توجه به شرایط اقتصادی موجود اشاره کرد و گفت: متروی تهران یک برنامه عملیاتی در ابتدای هر سال تدوین میکند و براساس آن برنامههای خود را پیش میبرد. در نتیجه در سال جاری افتتاح ۱۲ ایستگاه را جزو برنامههای حداقلی خود در نظر گرفته است.
او با بیان اینکه برای تکمیل و راهاندازی این تعداد ایستگاه حدود ۴ هزار و ۵۰۰ میلیارد تومان منابع نیازمند است، به روشهای تامین منابع اشاره کرد و افزود: مترو از چند منبع مختلف بودجه خود را تامین میکند. بودجه مستقیم شهرداری برای شرکت متروی تهران امسال دو هزار و ۸۰۰ میلیارد تومان تعیین شده است، از طرفی اوراق مشارکت سال های ۹۷ و ۹۸ نیز منبع دیگری است که آن منابع با تاخیر به دست شهرداری تهران می رسد.
امام با بیان اینکه اوراق مشارکت سال ۹۷ با یک سال تاخیر به دست مترو رسید، گفت: اوراق مشارکت سال ۹۸ نیز که در اواخر تیرماه فروخته شد، هنوز به دست ما نرسیده است و در بانک عامل "بانک رفاه" مانده است تا شهرداری وثیقه مورد قبول بانک را تامین کند.
مدیرعامل شرکت مترو تهران در پاسخ به این سوال که برای افتتاح ۱۲ ایستگاه چقدر هزینه لازم است؟ گفت: با پول اوراق ۹۷ و اوراق ۹۸ و محقق شدن حداقل ۵۰ درصد بودجه شهرداری امیدواریم بتوانیم این ۱۲ ایستگاه را تا پایان سال به بهرهبرداری برسانیم. کمبود منابع اینجا خودش را نشان میدهد که شهرداری به دلیل محدودیتها نمیتواند بودجه مصوب ما را تامین کند.
امام در پاسخ به این سوال که با توجه به آنکه واردات تجهیزات مترو در کشور به دلیل تحریم و شرایط اقتصادی عملا امکانپذیر نیست؛ اگر ۷ میلیارد دلار سرمایه ایران که در کره جنوبی متوقف شده، در اختیار متروی تهران قرار میگرفت، میتوانست شبکه متروی تهران را به صورت کامل تکمیل کند یا خیر؟ گفت: برای تکمیل شبکه متروی تهران بدون در نظر گرفتن ناوگان مورد نیاز، بین ۴۰ تا ۶۰ میلیون دلار برای هر کیلومتر مترو هزینه میخواهد.
او ادامه داد: اکنون در حدود ۲۳۷ کیلومتر از شبکه مترو تهران ساخته شده است و برای تکمیل شبکه مترو تهران ۲۵۰ کیلومتر دیگر نیز باید ساخته شود. در نتیجه با این حدود قیمت برای توسعه کامل شبکه مترو تهران در حدود ۱۲ و نیم میلیارد دلار بودجه لازم است. در نتیجه با این پولی که در کره جنوبی بلوکه شده است، بخش قابل ملاحظهای از شبکه جامع مترو تهران تکمیل میشود.
امام درباره هزینهای که برای تامین واگنهای مترو نیاز است، گفت: تهران به ۱۵۰۰ واگن نیاز دارد که برای تامین این تعداد واگن، حدودی یک و نیم میلیارد دلار بودجه لازم است تا واگنهای مورد نیاز کشور تا سه سال آینده تامین شود. The first known guide in the West, “Description of Greece”, was written in the second century of the Christian era by the Greek geographer and traveler Pausanias.
Traveling for commercial or religious reasons was common in ancient civilizations. For example, in Egypt, Persia and China. Four thousand years before Christ, in Sumeria – a kingdom that was located between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates, in Asia Minor -, the good ways made possible the custom of traveling. Another witness is the Silk Road linking Constantinople with Beijing: there were people, new ideas and technologies circulating around them, such as porcelain and paper codices that would replace the scrolls.
The Traveler believes that the origins of tourism are clearer by looking at certain words. When today we talk about hospitality is said to be “the hospitality industry”. The first guild of hoteliers was born in Florence (Italy) in 1282, to attend the pilgrims. Today in Acre (Israel) you can see the Templars’ Hospital, dating from the 12th century. It was a hotel, where the warrior monks rested.
Modern guides were born with the railroad and the Industrial Revolution of the nineteenth century. Finally, tourist is a word that derives from tourist English, applied from the XVIII century to those European travelers who – to complete their education – made the Grand Tour through Italy to know classical and Renaissance culture. Since then, first with ships sailing and steam, then with rail, cars and airplanes, traveling was becoming easier. Is that in tourism, believes The Traveler, remains that original concern to know new lands and cultures.
The location of the origin of tourism in Costa Rica dates back to the mid-nineteenth century when there were movements of people requiring accommodation and food, as well as transportation facilities.
Tourism has become one of the main sources of foreign exchange in the country since the 1990s, displacing traditional products such as coffee and bananas.
Compared to other economic activities considered traditional, it can be noted that tourism activity has displaced other activities that were once considered important.
to be continued… Nessuna sorpresa dalla Reserve Bank of Australia (Rba) che nella riunione di oggi ha deciso di lasciare i tassi di interesse di riferimento al minimo storico, come da attese. La banca centrale dell’Australia ha mantenuto il costo del denaro allo 0,10% e ha mantenuto il suo programma di quantitative easing da 100 miliardi di dollari australiani (73,42 miliardi di dollari), annunciato a novembre. Guardando al futuro, la Rba vede segnali di crescita dopo la crisi del Covid: “La ripresa economica è in corso e i dati recenti sono stati generalmente migliori del previsto – ha detto il governatore della Rba, Philip Lowe – Questa è una buona notizia, ma si prevede che la ripresa sarà ancora irregolare e prolungata e dipenderà da un significativo sostegno politico”. Domani verrà diffuso l’aggiornamento sul Pil dell’Australia relativo al terzo trimestre, che dovrebbe mostrare un rimbalzo dopo che nel secondo trimestre è piombato del 7%, il più grande caduta dell’economia in quasi un secolo, mandando il paese alla sua prima recessione in quasi 30 anni. Tuttavia, solo alla fine del 2021 la crescita del Pil tornerà al livello raggiunto alla fine del 2019. Si prevede che il Pil crescerà intorno al 5% l’anno prossimo e al 4% nel 2022, ha detto Lowe. اتحادیه اروپا به اوکراین 500 میلیون یورو سلاح می دهد
23:51 27.02.2022 (بروز رسانی شده: 23:53 27.02.2022)
© Sputnik / Stringerاتحادیه اروپا به اوکراین 500 میلیون یورو سلاح می دهد
© Sputnik / Stringer/
جوزف بورل، مسئول سیاست خارجی اتحادیه اروپا اعلام نمود که با کمک 500 میلیون یورویی ارسال سلاح به اوکراین موافقت شده است.
به گزارش اسپوتنیک، جوزف بورل، مسئول سیاست خارجی اتحادیه اروپا گفت وزرای خارجه اتحادیه اروپا با ارسال کمک های بی سابقه به ارتش اوکراین از جمله تامین مالی تسلیحات به ارزش 450 میلیون یورو موافقت کرده اند.
بورل در یک کنفرانس ویدئویی پس از کنفرانس ویدئویی با روسای سیاست خارجی اتحادیه اروپا گفت: "ما از توانایی خود برای تامین سلاح های کشنده به ارزش 450 میلیون یورو و 50 میلیون یورو کمک مالی استفاده می کنیم... ما برای اولین بار این کار را انجام می دهیم."
به گفته وی، وزرای دفاع اتحادیه اروپا با یکدیگر دیدار و درباره نحوه تحویل تسلیحات به ارتش
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ن ها برای اسکی در اتریش، شهر تفریحی معروف کیتسبوهل، عاشقان برف را با 170 کیلومتر پیست اسکی و دامنه های پر از کلبه های کوچک کوهستانی، که میتوانند در آنجا برای خوردن تنقلات سنتی آلپاین و نوشیدنیهای گرمکننده توقف کنند، به خود جذب می کند. با وجود اینکه این مکان سالانه Hahnenkamm، سخت ترین مسابقات اسکی در سراشیبی است، اما Kitzbühel زمین های زیادی برای تمام سطوح مهارت در سه منطقه اسکی خود دارد و کوچک ترین آن ها، Bichlalm، به آزاد سواران اختصاص دارد.
اما Kitzbuhel فقط برای اسکی بازان نیست. این شهر با دیوارها و خانه های نقاشی شده، و کوه های آلپ پوشیده از برف برای پس زمینه، به زیبایی روستاهای آلپ است. شاخ Kitzbüheler 1998 متری که در زمستان اسکی بازان را به وجد می آورد، در تابستان مورد علاقه کوهنوردان کوهنوردی است و همچنین می توانید با تله کابین از طریق Pletzeralm به قله برسید.
مناظر اطراف این قله یکی از بهترین مناظر قله در تیرول در نظر گرفته می شود: در جنوب از Radstädter Tauern تا کوه های آلپ Ötztal. در شمال، Kaisergebirge در نزدیکی. در غرب، کوه های آلپ لچتال. و در شرق، Hochkönig. در جنوب شاخ کیتزبوهلر، هورنکوپفلی به ارتفاع 1772 متر بالا می رود که از طریق تله کابین نیز به آن می رسید. علاوه بر مناظر عالی، در قله، Gipfelhaus را خواهید دید، خانه ای منحصر به فرد در بالای کوه. یک نمازخانه؛ رستوران؛ و یک باغ در کوه های آلپ.
- کاخ Belvedere، وین
یکی دیگر از پربازدیدترین کاخ های اتریش – و یکی که قطعا باید در برنامه سفر به وین شما گنجانده شود – کاخ دیدنی Belvedere (Schloss Belvedere) است. این مکان تاریخی مهم که اغلب به آن ساده به عنوان “بلودره” شناخته می شود، به دو بخش بزرگ تقسیم می شود: کاخ های بالا (Oberes) و پایین (Unteres).
اگر فقط برای کشف یکی از آن ها وقت دارید، برای دیدن قصر بالا به آن جا بروید. در اینجا، بزرگترین بخش از مجموعه آثار هنری چشمگیر این جاذبه را خواهید یافت، و همچنین فرصتی برای مشاهده یکی از بهترین جواهرات معماری حفظ شده کشور را خواهید داشت. ویژگی های برجسته عبارتند از Sala Terrena، سالن اصلی، که به دلیل مجسمه ها و سقف طاق دار گچکاریاش قابل توجه است. تالار کارلون با نقاشی های دیواری سقفی، تالار مرمری دو طبقه با مجسمه ها و نقاشی های فراوان و پلکان تشریفاتی چشمگیر مکان هایی هستند که شما در این بازدید خواهید دید.
کاخ پایین کمتر از کاخ های بالا ارزش بازدید ندارد. موارد برجسته شامل گالری مرمر، با مجموعه مجسمه های آن است. تالار گروتسک، با نقاشی های دیواری زیبای متعدد و دومین تالار مرمری که به خاطر نقاشی های دیواری سقفی جذابش معروف است. اگر برای آن روز اینجا هستید (باید برای آن برنامه ریزی کنید!)، این کاخ دارای یک کافه و رستوران عالی، سه فروشگاه و یک بازار کریسمس عالی برای کسانی است که در ماه های زمستان سفر می کنند.
- بورگ هوچوسترویتز قرون وسطی
در شرق سنت ویت، بر روی صخرهای که حدود 160 متر بالاتر از دره قرار دارد، قلعه باشکوه Burg Hochosterwitz، مهمترین قلعه قرون وسطایی اتریش، گسترده شده است. پس از یک تاریخ پرتلاطم، قلعه – که اولین بار در سال 860 پس از میلاد از آن نامی برده شد – توسط Khevenhüllers تصرف شد و در سال 1570 در برابر مهاجمان ترک قد علم کرد. این قلعه هرگز توسط دشمن تسخیر نشد، از آن زمان در خانواده Khevenhüller باقی مانده است.
جاده دسترسی شیب دار به قلعه، Burgweg، از طریق 14 دروازه دفاعی به سمت حیاط طاقدار زیبا می رود که در آن کلیسای کوچک با نقاشی های دیواری و سقفی مربوط به سال 1570 و کلیسا در انتهای جنوب غربی را قلعه با محراب بلندش که قدمت آن به 1729 می رسد، خواهید دید.
چه زمانی به اتریش سفر کنیم؟
“فصل توریستی” برای سفر به اتریش از ماه می تا سپتامبر است. سفر به اتریش در فصل تابستان مزیت های خودش را دارد: روزهای بلند برای گردش (تا حوالی ساعت 21 روشنی روز)، راه های کوهستانی بدون برف آلپ، بهترین آب و هوا و پر برنامه ترین زمان توریستی.
“فصل میانه” (پاییز و بهار) برای سفر به اتریش، راحت تر و با هزینه های کمتر امکان پذیر است. در این بازه زمانی از سال توریست ها در کشور اتریش از خلوتی و جمعیت کمتر، آب و هوای بهتر و در دسترس بودن اتاق در هتل های مختلف در شهرهای مختلف لذت می برند. در پاییز و بهار به علت تعطیلات پیاپی شاید نتوانید آنطور که باید مناطق مختلف را ببینید اما می توانید از فستیوال های مختلفی که در این دو فصل برگزار می شود لذت ببرید.
آب و هوای اتریش در فصل زمستان می تواند سرد و دلگیر باشد و هوا پیش از صرف شام تاریک شود، اما کوهستان آلپ را که در این فصل پوشیده از برف و سراسر سفید می شود نمی توان نادیده گرفت. ماه دسامبر همچنین مناظر زیبای کریسمس را در مراکز خرید و خانه ها که در شب سال نو با چراغ ها تزئین شده اند برای شما فراهم می کند که به بزرگ ترین جشن سال نوی اروپا معروف است.
همچنین اگر در فصل زمستان به اتریش سفر کنید شب های پر شور و هیجان را در تمام وین خواهید یافت که علت آن فصل رقص های گروهی وین در اب
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公司孤独董事。
王辉医疗设备：1964年生，硕士考虑生，上级经济师, 十二届全国人大代表。中国中化集团公司的简称再现控股公司部门处理者、执行处理者店员、执行处理者、党委店员，2009年至2014年山东海华按铃董事长、党委店员；2014-2016年任中海磨刀石油化工上级快车公司校长、党委店员；从2016年6月开端，他变成北京的旧称的副主席。、校长、党委店员。
夏云峰医疗设备：1967年10月起源，西南财经学会记述博士，现为湘潭商业专学问校会计师系主任、小阳春，记述硕士课本，MPAC考虑生课本；义不容辞的湖南省国资委表面董事权威围攻，湖南华天工商按铃公司表面董事，湖南威宏食品上级快车公司孤独董事、湖南康星百货耦合上级快车公司董事长。，导致股票上市的公司孤独董事资历。曾掌管和分担状况层次、部省十六题，他是会计师信息商业化引起观点的作者。、堆积公共关系观点与执行、堆积公共关系概括性的话，ADVA读本总编辑、《记述》，状况地核专业日记《记述考虑》、《财经学问》、近五十的篇论文宣告在现年国际泳联的日记上。。
依据密码：600759 依据缩写词：跨洲的油气 公报编号：2019-032号
第十一届中西部及东部各州的县议会第十五次举行或分担会议发生公报
特殊暗示: 公司和中西部及东部各州的县议会整个的围攻使发誓、正确、详尽的，于是公报说话中肯无论哪个虚伪记载、给失常的的劝告性报告或大未承当职责。
跨洲的油气上级快车公司第十一届中西部及东部各州的县议会第十五次举行或分担会议于2019年7月4日以现场开投票数方式传唤。三名监事应列席举行或分担会议。，三名监事在会上现实开投票数。这次举行或分担会议的传唤适合有关规则。。举行或分担会议由监事掌管，经仔细考虑，与会监事经过：
一、在流行说话中肯中西部及东部各州的县议会选出的的向某人点头或摇头示意
开投票数发生：3票赞成。，0票反，0票弃权。
此中第十一届中西部及东部各州的县议会任期服满，公司条例规则的公司中西部及东部各州的县议会、T公司条例的有关规则，中西部及东部各州的县议会赞成提高Yu Yang举止文雅且有教养的女子为监事、刘子勤医疗设备是第十二届中西部及东部各州的县议会的推荐求职者。掌管推荐求职者的简历列举如下：
Yu Yang举止文雅且有教养的女子：1972年3月起源，湖南学会工商行政机关硕士，上级人工资源行政机关师。 1992年至2002年3月 Yantai first paper 烟台一片纸业上级快车公司，支流厂长。2002年4月至4月 2008年7月，新开驰公司人工资源总监、副执行处理者。2008年8月至2011年10月任湖南中驰按铃人工资源总监。2011年11月至2015年10月任长沙志勤生物科技上级快车公司条例人代表、执行处理者。2015年11至2017年2月任公司人工资源总监，FEBR公司多功能的行政机关部执行处理者。2016年7月起任公司监事。
刘子勤医疗设备：记述聪颖勤奋的学生，主任会计师师。牧师务财务行政机关任务，占有着23年的财务行政机关经历、财务审计经历。1995至2017年，华天大酒店按铃上级快车公司 多分分店任务，他历任财务总监。、财务处理者等。；2018年，湖南金地标实际情形功劳上级快车公司。，作为财务总监；义不容辞的跨洲的油气上级快车公司审计监察部处理者，2019年2月起任公司监事。
该法案将针对给第三个暂时SHA，使合作大会执行积聚开票制。。
黄杰医疗设备当选为雇员监事。在指定时期，使合作大会选出的发生的监事结合第十二届中西部及东部各州的县议会。
监 事 会
依据密码：600759 依据缩写词：跨洲的油气 公报编号：临2019-033号
跨洲的油气上级快车公司在流行说话中肯为境外
用桩支撑分店美泰公司想要依据使充满书
董事会及整个的董事、给失常的的劝告性报告或大未，目录的现实、正确和详尽的性承当寥寥可数和共同职责。
重要目录暗示：
1、依据著名的：hg0088手机版股份上级快车公司（以下缩写词“马腾公司”）
2、依据概略和累计依据概略：
公司是美泰32,500百万富翁。。。的专款想要依据，向Maten想要的依据总计的为32,500百万富翁。。。 （包罗本保函）。
3、这次有反依据吗？：否。
4、累计不相干的依据概略：
表示保留或保存时用本公报日期，公司累计不相干的依据总计的为31元。,万元（含本保函），穿着32个,500百万富翁。。。以中国银行的汇率1抵制=元人民币折算)。
5、不相干的依据累计过期概略：85,000万元。
6、使发誓美泰公司的事实是失常的的。。
一、 依据健康状况概述
2019年7月4日，公司传唤第十一届董事会第五十的的次举行或分担会议仔细考虑经过了《在流行说话中肯不相干的用桩支撑分店美泰公司依据的向某人点头或摇头示意》。事实开展和义务重组的需求,美泰公司向中国银行哈萨克斯坦下分支的指令推荐，高于信用剩余的32,500百万富翁。。。，信用端日装束至2022年7月20日。公司是美泰的32岁上级的,500百万富翁。。。信用想要共同职责使发誓依据。
二、 依据基本健康状况
公司著名的：hg0088手机版股份上级快车公司
报户口资本：2,690,元
报户口地址：哈萨克斯坦斯坦共和国阿特劳县阿特劳市 Baktygerey Kulmanov街 105号
董事长：郭沂
公司经纪范围：石油侦察或观测功劳
总资产：4,708,737,元
总责任：3,724,767,元
净资产：983,970,元
资产责任率为：（上级的履历已复核），表示保留或保存时用2018年12月31日）
三、 依据科学实验报告的主要目录
本信用想要的依据列举如下：公司是美泰的32岁上级的,500百万富翁。。。信用想要共同职责使发誓依据。
四、 董事会视域
公司想要依据照顾助长开展，上述的依据融资概略、持久和应用管理，公司无无法把持的风险。。
五、 累计不相干的依据及过期依据健康状况
端本公报日，公司累计依据总计的为人民币313,万元，公司最新澳元净资产依据总计的，占公司总资产。过期依据概略为85,000万元。
六、 备查证件
1、依据营业执照硬拷贝。
董 事 会
依据密码：600759 依据缩写词：跨洲的油气 公报编号：2019-034
跨洲的油气上级快车公司在流行说话中肯传唤
2019年第三次暂时使合作大会使充满
董事会和整个的董事使发誓、给失常的的劝告性报告或大未，目录的现实、正确和详尽的性承当寥寥可数和共同职责。
重要目录暗示：
使合作大会传唤日期：2019年7月23日
使合作大会采取的网上开票体系：上海依据市所使合作大会建立工作关系开票体系
一、 传唤举行或分担会议的基本健康状况
(一) 使合作大会典型和会期
2019年第三次暂时使合作大会
（二） 使合作大会会议传唤人：董事会
（三） 开票方式：这次使合作大会的开投票数方式为
（四） 现场举行或分担会议日期、时期和安放
传唤日期和时期：2019年7
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stabilito che «i giudici nazionali e le autorità amministrative, comprese quelle comunali, sono tenuti ad applicare» le disposizioni europee, disapplicando invece «le norme di diritto nazionale non conformi».
Dunque le leggi o si cambiano o si rispettano. Career Planning Tips
Today, and more than ever, most people are responsible for building their own careers.
Whether you are just starting, or you have several years of experience, these paragraphs might help you advance your career.
- Some important career planning tips are listed below:
1. Never Stop Learning
- Life-long learning is your keyword.
The world is constantly changing, and everybody is looking for new ways of doing business.
- If you have decided that your current skills are good enough, you have also decided that your current job is good enough.
- But if you want a career in the future, you should add regular updates to your skills and knowledge.
2. Ask, Listen and Learn
- A good listener can learn a lot.
- Listen to your co-workers, your boss, and your superiors. You can learn a lot from their experience.
- Ask about issues that interest you, and listen to what they say. Let them tell you about how things work, and what you could have done better.
- Most people will love to be your free tutor.
3. Fulfill Your Current Job
- Your current job might be best place to start your career.
- It is often very little that separates successful people from the average. But nothing comes free.
- If you do your job well and fulfill your responsibilities, this is often the best way to start a new career.
- Talk to your supervisor about things you can do. Suggest improvements. Offer your help when help is needed. In return ask for help to build a better career. It is often possible - right inside your own organization - especially if you have proved to be a valued employee.
4. Build Your Network
- Your next career step might arise from your contact network.
- Did you know that more than 50% of all jobs are obtained from contact networks?
- If you have a good contact network, it is also a good place to discover future careers, to explore new trends, and to learn about new opportunities.
- Spend some time building new contacts, and don't forget to maintain the ones you already have.
- One of the best ways to get serious information from your network is to regularly ask your contacts how they are, what they do, and what is new about their careers.
5. Identify Your Current Job
- Your current job should be identified, not assumed.
- Make sure you don't work with tasks you assume are important. This is waste of time and talent.
- When you start in a new job, talk to your superior about your priorities. If you're not sure about what is most important, then ask him. And ask him again. Often you will be surprised about the differences between what you assume, and what is really important.
6. Identify Your Next Job
- Your dream job must be identified.
- Before you start planning your future career, be sure you have identified your dream job.
- In your dream job, you will be doing all the things you enjoy, and none of the things you don't enjoy. What kind of job would that be?
- Do you like or dislike having responsibility for other employees. Do you like to work with technology or with people? Do you want to run your own business? Do you want to be an artist, a designer or a skilled engineer? A manager?
- Before building your future career your goal must be identified.
7. Prepare Yourself
- Your dream might show up tomorrow. Be prepared.
- Don't wait a second. Update your CV now, and continue to update it regularly.
- Tomorrow your dream job may show up right before your nose. Prepare for it with a professional CV and be ready to describe yourself as a valuable object to anyone that will try to recruit you. به گزارش خط رند ۹۱۲ مدیر تحقیق و توسعه موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، اظهار داشت: تحقیقات نشان می دهد واکسن های تقویت شده ضد امیکرون مزیتی مفهوم داری بر واکسن های موجود ندارند.
به گزارش خط رند ۹۱۲ به نقل از موسسه تحقیقات واکسن و سرم سازی رازی، دکتر سید رضا بنی هاشمی درباره نیاز یا عدم احتیاج به ارتقاء واکسن رازی کووپارس واستفاده از سویه های دلتا و اومیکرون در واکسن اظهار داشت: تمام واکسن های موجود در جهان همچون واکسن رازی کوو پارس در مقابل سویه اومیکرون اثربخشی کمتری نسبت به واریانت آلفا و دلتا دارند، اما با عنایت به مطالعات انجام شده در موسسه رازی، این کاهش اثر بخشی به اندازه ای مفهوم دار نیست که لازم باشد آنتی ژن موجود در واکسن رازی کووپارس را به سویه دلتا یا اومیکرون تغییر دهیم. وی خاطرنشان کرد: اثربخشی واکسن های ارتقاء یافته با این سویه ها، در حیوانات آزمایشگاهی نشان داد، اختلاف معناداری با واکسن های فعلی ندارند. مدیر تحقیق و توسعه موسسه رازی اضافه کرد: مطالعات دیگر هم از آن حکایت می کند که واکسن ضد اومیکرون نمی تواند اثربخشی مناسبی بر روی سویه دلتا یا دیگر سویه ها بگذارد. بنی هاشمی ضمن اشاره به اینکه هم اکنون سویه های مختلفی در گردش است و واکسن رازی کووپارس می تواند اثربخشی قابل قبولی روی آنها داشته باشد، ازاین رو فعلاً به تغییر سویه و ارتقاء واکسن نیازی نیست، خاطرنشان کرد: مطالعات جهانی هم همین را نشان داده است. اخیرا مجله نیچر در این مورد مقاله ای منتشر نموده که موید این نکته است که واکسن های تقویت شده ضد اومیکرون مزیتی بر واکسن های موجود ندارند. وی افزود: در این مقاله با عنوان “واکسن های هدفمند اومیکرون در آزمایش های اولیه بهتر از واکسن های اصلی نیستند” اشاره شده که مجموعه ای از مطالعات اولیه حیوانی نشان می دهد، تقویت کننده های اختصاصی Omicron هیچ مزیتی نسبت به دوز سوم واکسن های فعلی ندارند. بنی هاشمی اضافه کرد: برپایه این مقاله، یکی از این مطالعات نشان داد که هم واکسن اصلی وهم تزریق به روز شده سبب افزایش سطح سلول های B حافظه می شوند که مسئول تولید آنتی بادی ها برای دفع ویروس هستند. وی افزود: همینطور با استناد به این مقاله، یک مطالعه روی موش ها از آن حکایت می کند که دادن یک تقویت کننده منطبق با Omicron بعد از دو دوز واکسن مبتنی بر mRNA هیچ فایده ای بیشتر از یک تقویت کننده استاندارد ندارد. به قول مدیر تحقیق و توسعه موسسه رازی، این موسسه هم اکنون مطالعات فشرده ای را بر روی افزایش اثربخشی واکسن رازی کوو پارس بر ضد سویه اومیکرون انجام می دهد.
منبع: rond912.ir زلاتان ابراهیموویچ، مهاجم منچستریونایتد مدعی شد که دلش برای حقوقی که فصل گذشته در پاری سن ژرمن میگرفت تنگ شده است.
زلاتان ، مهاجم سوئدی در پایان فصل گذشته پاری سن ژرمن را ترک کرد و به باشگاه فعلی اش، منچستریونایتد پیوست. او در طی چهار سال حضورش در این باشگاه ۴ قهرمانی لیگ را به دست آورد و به بهترین گلزن تاریخ باشگاه نیز تبدیل شد. حال او مدعی شد که دلش برای حقوق آن دوره تنگ شده است.
زلاتان گفت:” دلم برای حقوق آخرم در پاریس تنگ شده است.”
زلاتان درباره شرایط پاری سن ژرمن گفت:” در حال حاضر پاری سن ژرمن بسیار قدرتمند است و بازیکنان با کیفیتی خریده که با فلسفه آنها که تلاش برای بردن چمپیونزلیگ است مطابقت دارد. اینکه فقط هزینه کنید شما را به چمپیونزلیگ نمیرساند. باید سخت تلاش کرد، زمان گذاشت و صبور بود و پس از آن قهرمانی به سراغ شما خواهد آمد. این یک مشکل دیگر است ولی مشکل من نیست. من مشکلات خودم را دارم.” Kurban eti ne zamana kadar dağıtılır?
Kurban etini ne zamana kadar dagitmak gerekir?kurban etini dağıtmanın son vakti ne zamandır?Bayramdan sonra kurban eti dağıtılır mı?
Kurban etinin dağıtılması için belirli bir bitiş vakti yoktur.Ancak kurban eti dağıtmaktaki maksat kurban kesemeyen fakir fukarayı gözetmek ve sevindirmek olduğu için bayram günleri içinde dağıtmak en faziletlisidir.Z
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ت. احتمال دارد در واقع نکات یا نشانه هایی وجود داشته باشد که بتوانید به آنها توجه کنید. اگر میخواهید تخمین بزنید که یک خروس چقدر عمر کرده ، شاید بتوانید تغییراتی را در ویژگیهای فیزیکی آن بررسی کنید.
به پرهای آنها نگاه کنید.
پوست اندازی یک اتفاق طبیعی در جوجه ها از جمله خروس است. این یک دوره زمانی است که در ان جوجه ها پرهای قدیمی خود را از دست می دهند و شروع به رشد پرهای جدید می کنند. خروس در حدود 12-18 ماهگی شروع به پوست اندازی می کند. هنگامی که خروس جوان و سالم است، این اتفاق سالانه انجام می شود. پوست اندازی در خروس های مسن تر هم رخ می دهد، اگرچه ممکن است تغییراتی وجود داشته باشد که متوجه آن شوید.
پرهای خروس جوان، زنده تر هستند. اما با افزایش سن، شادابی و درخشندگی خود را از دست می دهند. اگر یک خروس مسنتر را ببینید، احتمالاً مشاهده خواهید کرد که برخی از پرهای آن نسبت به خروس جدید رنگ پریدهتر هستند ودر مقایسه با پرهای تازه ای که معمولاً هنگام پوست اندازی به دست می آورند، کم رنگ شده اند.
به پاهای آنها نگاه کنید.
با نگاه کردن به پاهای خروس می توانید متوجه شوید که چند ساله است. وقتی جوان تر هستند، پاها صاف تر و رنگ ها یکدست می شوند. با افزایش سن، تغییراتی را مشاهده خواهید کرد.هنگامی که خروس ها شروع به بلوغ می کنند، می توانید خارهایی را که در داخل پاهای آنها رشد می کنند مشاهده کنید. خارهای خروس از کراتین ساخته شده اند و با بالا رفتن سن حیوان رشد کرده و به مرور زمان سفت و بیشتر منحنی میشوند. جدا از تغییرات فیزیکی واضح تر، می توانید به حلقه رشد موجود در خارها نیز نگاه دقیق تری بیندازید. اگرچه احتمال دارد با توجه به اینکه هیچ ارتباطی بین حلقههای رشد و سن پرنده وجود ندارد، سن دقیقی را به شما ندهد، اما همچنان به شما این ایده را میدهد که آیا خروس قبلا بالغ شده است یا خیر.
شانه و واتل را بررسی کنید.
اگر به یک خروس خوب نگاه کنید، بالای سر و پایین چانه اش چیزی قرمز رنگ می بینید. اینها به ترتیب شانه و واتل نامیده می شوند که به جریان خون و گرما کمک می کنند.هنگامی که شانه خروس و خرچنگ شروع به نمایان شدن می کنند، نشان دهنده این است که آنها اکنون از نظر جنسی بالغ هستند. یک خروس سالم معمولاً شانه ای براق و خوش رنگ دارد.زمانی که خروس بالغ می شود، شانه خروس احتمال دارد شروع به افتادن کنند.که هر گونه رنگ پریدگی در آن می تواند نشان دهنده یک بیماری یا عفونت باشد.
چگونه طول عمر خروس را افزایش دهیم؟
چه به حالت حیوان خانگی و چه به عنوان بخشی از یک گله، از خروس مراقبت می کنید، باید مطمئن شوید که آنها زندگی طولانی و خوبی دارند. اگر می خواهید خروس ها را مدت زمان بیشتری زنده ببینید، شاید لازم باشد این عوامل را در نظر بگیرید.
غذایی که خروس ها می خورند.
رژیم غذایی نقش مهمی در زنده ماندن خروس ها تا زمانی که ممکن است دارد. برای اینکه خروس ها سالم و خوب رشد کنند، به یک رژیم غذایی متعادل نیاز دارند. نمی توانید فقط با هر غذایی که دارید آنها را تغذیه کنید. اگر خروس های خود را به تنهایی کنار بگذارید، احتمالاً از موجودات کوچکی که در اطراف می بینند، تغذیه می کنند. در حالی که این مشکلی ندارد، اما نیازهای غذایی مورد نیاز بدن آنها را تامین نمی کند. وقتی صحبت از رژیم غذایی آنها می شود، ممکن است چند نکته وجود داشته باشد که باید در نظر بگیرید. اگرچه احتمال دارد به نظر برسد که تغذیه خروس ها با وعده های غذایی سالم گران است، اما درحقیقت اینطور نیست.
خروس ها گیاهان و حیوانات را می خورند.
آنها می توانند هم گیاهان و هم حیوانات را بخورند. با ترکیب این نوع غذاها و برخی مکمل ها، خروس می تواند یک رژیم غذایی متعادل داشته باشد که ویتامین ها و مواد معدنی مورد نیاز بدنش را تامین کند.
خروسها به ویتامینها و مواد معدنی مناسب نیاز دارند، زیرا در صورت کمبود یک یا چند مورد، بر سلامت جسمانی و عملکرد آنها تأثیر میگذارد. باید تعادلی بین مواد محلول در چربی، آب و مواد معدنی وجود داشته باشد تا آنها بتوانند زندگی سالم و پرباری داشته باشند. همچنین باید توجه داشته باشید که چه نوع غذایی برای خروس ها مفید است زیرا مقدار زیاد غذا برای خروس خوب نیست.
اگر خروسها آزادانه در یک فضای باز پرسه نمیزنند، احتمال دارد بخواهید شن و ماسهای را نیز در این ترکیب بریزید. با توجه به اینکه اصلا دندان ندارند به هضم غذا انها کمک می کند. اگر خروس های آزاد دارید، می توانند شن و ماسه را خودشان پیدا کنند. این در طبیعت آنهاست که چنین کاری انجام دهند. بنابراین اگر آنها را دیدید که از روی زمین به چیزی نوک می زنند، به احتمال زیاد به دنبال شن هستند.
روش و سبک زندگی خروس ها
درست مانند انسان ها، سبک زندگی خروس می تواند بر امید به زندگی و مرگ و میر آنها تأثیر بگذارد. به عنوان مثال استرس را در نظر بگیرید. این می تواند بر سلامت خروس تأثیر بگذارد، به خ
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Grain Cereal
A bowl of whole grain cereal with or without milk provides the carbs that might help your child fall asleep. Check the sugar content before you pour a bowl of your child’s favorite cereal. Many cereals are now made with whole grains, even the sugary ones. For the healthiest bedtime snack, choose an option with a low amount of sugar. A bowl of oatmeal is also a healthy option. Fresh or dried fruit mixed in with the cereal adds to the health value.
Fruit and Cheese
Fruit and cheese work well together and offer nutritional value as a bedtime snack. Choose in-season fruits for the cheapest and best tasting options. Pears and apples go well with cheese. To make the snack more exciting, cut them up in bite-sized chunks. For older kids, plastic toothpicks give them a creative way to pick up their apple and cheese chunks.
Nut Butter Sandwich
Your child’s favorite nut butter makes a simple filling for a bedtime sandwich. To avoid making him too full, use only one slice of bread for the sandwich. Peanut butter is the classic sandwich option, but almond butter is another option for variety. While nut butters do contain protein, if you keep the amount to a minimum, it shouldn’t affect your child’s sleep. A slice of whole grain bread counteracts the protein with a healthy dose of carbohydrates.
Hard Boiled Egg
Eggs are another food that might help your child fall asleep at bedtime. Boil extra eggs in the morning and save a few for the bedtime snack. If your child is old enough, she can dig into the egg whole. For younger kids, cut the egg into chunks or slices for easier eating. A slice of whole wheat bread or toast is a healthy addition to this snack if your child needs a little more food to get rid of her hunger. La rendita fondiaria nell'Ancien Régime – Guy Palmade
L’immobilismo, la lenta evoluzione di un’economia rurale e di una mentalità sensibile al valore della tradizione costituivano il sostegno di tutto un ordine stabilito che aveva anche dimensioni politiche. La monarchia legittima era il regime che lo esprimeva meglio. Nella confusione di forme politiche ereditate da un passato ricco di esperienze e contraddizioni, la prova rivoluzionaria aveva sarchiato con energia, spazzando via le città libere o le repubbliche aristocratiche. Lo Stato monarchico era diventato più che mai il diritto comune dell’Europa, sulla quale esercitò quasi un monopolio che aveva poche eccezioni.
La monarchia nei vecchi regimi
Benché la consistenza territoriale delle monarchie fosse il risultato della nuova divisione e benché numerosi Europei non avessero più il sovrano che aveva regnato su di essi prima del 1789, la loro obbedienza di sudditi era richiesta ovunque nel nome di un principio di legittimità di cui i dottrinari della Controrivoluzione avevano fatto la base del loro sistema.
La monarchia legittima poteva senz’altro concedere una limitazione all’assolutismo, ovvero un equilibrio dei poteri, di cui l’Inghilterra aveva dato l’esempio da molto tempo. In seguito all’ondata rivoluzionaria del 1830, gli sviluppi sarebbero stati nel senso di un regresso dell’assolutismo. Ma in realtà il fondamento teorico della sovranità era mutato ben poco. Le istituzioni rappresentative, là dove esistevano, riflettevano raramente un dialogo tra principe e nazione. Importante, in proposito, non era tanto il carattere censitario del corpo elettorale: esso corrispondeva abbastanza bene allo stato reale della diffusione del sapere e della coscienza politica; più rivelatore è il bicamerismo che esprimeva la preoccupazione di assegnare una funzione speciale a una minoranza, aristocratica o oligarchica, collocata al vertice della piramide sociale la cui struttura gerarchica era necessariamente associata alla monarchia legittima.
Legittimità monarchica e condizione privilegiata di una classe di notabili: tali erano i fondamenti su cui si reggeva questa vecchia Europa che, sottoposta alle violente scosse del 1848, avrebbe dimostrato una notevole solidità.
Continua a leggere:
- Successivo: Gli sviluppi dell’industrializzazione - Eric Hobsbawm
- Precedente: I regimi agrari nei paesi germanici – Guy Palmade
Altri appunti correlati:
- Piccolo bignami di storia contemporanea
- Il cinema italiano dalle origini agli anni novanta
- Dall'economia preindustriale all'economia industriale
Per approfondire questo argomento, consulta le Tesi:
- Guala: un'azienda italiana tra sviluppo territoriale e internazionalizzazione
- L'Orientalismo nella costruzione dell'identità e dell'alterità nell'arte coloniale italiana
- Storia e Sviluppo dello Stato in Medio Oriente: Dal Colonialismo al Ritorno del Califfato
- Valori e successo economico: la storia dell'Asia Orientale
- «Il crematorio di Vienna» di Goffredo Parise
Puoi scaricare gratuitamente questo appunto in versione integrale. - to give, feel, etc., in return.
- to give and receive reciprocally; interchange: to reciprocate favors.
- to cause to move alternately backward and forward.
- to make a return, as for something given.
- to make interchange.
- to be correspondent.
- to move alternately backward and forward.
Origin of reciprocate
Synonyms for reciprocateSee more synonyms for on Thesaurus.com
Examples from the Web for unreciprocated
Contemporary Examples of unreciprocated
As important, it ignores the very real and unreciprocated distance that the Palestinians have traveled in accepting Israel.Of Herrings and Elephants: Benny Morris and "Palestinian Rejectionism"
April 16, 2012
Historical Examples of unreciprocated
Love undenied, may end in friendship; but love thwarted or unreciprocated, never!The Maroon
I tried to ignore the injury to Margaret of her unreciprocated advances.The New Machiavelli
Herbert George Wells
Her tears flowed silently, but she was far from unhappy; love, even unknown and unreciprocated, brings its own sweet reward.The Award of Justice
A. Maynard Barbour
Suez has ruined our shipping interests; an unreciprocated free trade is ruining our commerce.Mount Royal, Volume 3 of 3
Mary Elizabeth Braddon
The frequency of Cornelia's visits to the palace on following days seemed to prove that the admiration was not unreciprocated.A Friend of Caesar
William Stearns Davis
- to give or feel in return
- to move or cause to move backwards and forwards
- (intr) to be correspondent or equivalent Edward Benjamin Britten 20. Yüzyılın önemli İngiliz bestecilerinden biridir. Orkestra, opera, bale, koro, solo süit, oda müziği, vokal müzik ve film müzikleri gibi eserleri ile çok yönlü bir bestecidir. Bestecilik yıllarının ilk dönemlerinde film müzikleri ve operaya yönelmiş olsa da 1960 yılında dünyaca ünlü viyolonsel sanatçısı Mstislav Rostropovich ile tanıştıktan sonra on yıl boyunca viyolonsel için besteler yapmaya başlamıştır. Viyolonselin dışında gitar, piyano, viyola, obua timpani için de solo eserler bestelemiştir. Edward Benjamin Britten, altı adet viyolonsel eseriyle viyolonsel repertuarına önemli katkılarda bulunmuştur. Op. 65 Viyolonsel ve Piyano için sonat, Op. 68 Viyolonsel Senfonisi, Op. 72, Op. 80, Op. 87 3 adet Viyolonsel Süiti ve Tema 'Sacher viyolonsel için yazdığı eserlerdir. Bu araştırmada No.1 Op 72 solo viyolonsel süitinin kısa bir incelemesi yer almaktadır. Bu eseri seslendirmek isteyen çalıcılar için kısa bir bilgilendirme, eseri tanımak ve tanıtmak bu araştırmanın başlıca amacıdır. Ayrıca çalıcılar için bazı çalışma tavsiyeleri de araştırmanın içinde yer almaktadır.
Edward Benjamin Britten is one of the important English composers of the 20th century. He is a versatile composer with works such as orchestra, opera, ballet, choir, solo suite, chamber music, vocal music and film scores. Although he focused on film music and opera in the early stages of his composing years, he started composing for the cello for ten years after meeting the world-famous cello artist Mstislav Rostropovich in 1960. Apart from the cello, he also composed solo works for guitar, piano, viola and oboe timpani. Edward Benjamin Britten made significant contributions to the cello repertoire with his six cello works. Kiss. 65 Sonata for Cello and Piano, Op. 68 Cello Symphony, Op. 72, Op. 80, Op. 87 3 Cello Suites and Themes 'Sacher wrote for cello. This research includes a brief review of the No.1 Op 72 solo cello suite. A brief briefing for the players who want to sing this piece, getting to know and introducing the piece is the main purpose of this research. In addition, some study recommendations for players are also included in the research. Holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) is an herb closely related to culinary basil (Ocimum basilicum). Originating in South Asia, holy basil is often referred to as tulsi and traditionally used for its medicinal benefits. Holy basil can suffer from certain pests, but with companion planting, a method of planting that groups certain plants together for optimal growth and pest control, these pests can be repelled.
Video of the Day
Holy Basil Plant
In warmer climates, holy basil is a perennial. In cooler climates, an annual. Holy basil grows best in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 7 to 10. The most-threatening insect to the holy basil plant is the aphid, a small insect that attaches to leaves of the plant, eventually sucking through, leaving holes.
Specific herbs can help ward off aphids from your holy basil plants. Chives (Allium schoenoprasum) are a perennial herb from the onion (Allium cepa) family and a natural aphid deterrent. Planting chives around your holy basil can keep the aphids away. Other aromatic and strong-flavored herbs such as cilantro (Coriandrum sativum) or mint (Mentha) can also be effective at keeping aphids away, making them great companion plants for holy basil. Also, planting holy basil and lemongrass herb (Cymbopogon citratus) together can help keep mosquitoes away.
Planting basil near specific vegetables can be helpful in protecting the vegetables from harmful insects as well as promoting their growth. Potato (Solanum tuberosum) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants both benefit from holy basil companion planting. Planting holy basil near potatoes will help ward off potato beetles, a harmful insect that lays eggs quickly and eats or destroys the crop. Tomato plants planted next to holy basil will be healthier and produce more fruit.
If companion planting isn't keeping aphids away from your holy basil plants, use other methods to control them. If you only have a few plants, you can manually wipe the aphids off the leaves. You can also bring beneficial insects into your garden such as ladybugs, which will eat the aphids out of your garden. A homemade aphid pesticide can also be made from tomato leaves or garlic oil. 犯职务侵占罪判多少年，深圳职务侵占罪立案标
火热推荐： 犯案未遂 奸淫未遂 行窃未遂 暂停审理 主犯 累犯 政治职分 刑事判决书 延期试行 投案的确认
什么是任务侵吞罪?犯职责侵吞罪判多少年?职分私吞罪(刑法第271条)，是指公司、公司或然另外单位的人手，利用职分上的有利，将本单位财物违规占为己有，数额一点都不小的一颦一笑。具体积刑剧情请看下文。
轻松易行来讲职分侵吞罪是应用任务上的平价，达到自然数量的违规据有的犯罪行为。各类地点的立案标准也是例外的。那么德国首都职分侵吞罪立案标准是怎样?上面为我们详细介绍一下温哥华任务侵吞罪立案标准，大家能够阅读了然一下。
量刑
一、卡拉奇任务侵夺罪立案规范是怎么
1、法定刑在八年以下有期徒刑、拘役增长幅度的量刑起点和基准刑
任务侵吞罪：《刑法》第二百七十一条公司、集团只怕其余单位的人手，利用职责上的造福，将本单位财物违规占为己有，数额不小的，处八年以下有期徒刑或者拘役;数额巨大的，处七年以上有期徒刑，能够并处罚款和没收财产。
运用任务上的低价，违法侵吞本单位财物，犯罪数额完结“数额非常的大”源点20000元的，能够在7个月拘役至3个月有期徒刑幅度内鲜明量刑起源。在量刑源点的基础上，犯罪数额每增添一千八百元，能够追加一个月刑期，明确基准刑。
布拉迪斯拉发任务私
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this book also includes.
8. Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film, Seymour Chatman
This was one of the most eye-opening books I read during my time as an undergraduate at Michigan State University. I still remember the first epiphanic moment in great detail: I was curled up on a love seat-sized piece of furniture in a sort of common area in one of the science buildings on campus, in between classes. There was not enough time to go home; too much time to go to my next class just yet. My books and backpack and brown-bag lunch were sprawled out on the floor around the over-sized chair where I sat, still wearing my winter coat. In true sophomoric style, I was reading the assigned chapter only so I could check it off my academic to-do list, and not in expectation of gaining any true insight. But the reading I accomplished that day was extremely engaging and educational. It was the first time I truly understood the difference between the author and the narrator. I believe it was Chapter 4, “Discourse: Nonnarrated Stories,” that had this eye-opening effect on me. What impressed me was how Chatman managed to break down and explain invisible elements–things I had taken for granted–of the experience of reading, elements that as writers writing for readers and as readers reading critically, we need to be aware of.
9. Writing Fiction: A Guide to Narrative Craft, Janet Burroway
This book, which contains quotes, explanations, advice, examples, and exercises for fiction writers, consists of nine chapters, beginning appropriately with “Whatever Works: The Writing Process” and ending equally appropriately with “Play it Again, Sam: Revision.” Sandwiched in between are discussions about world building, character building, story form, point of view, time, etc.
As a high school English teacher and literary magazine co-sponsor; former yearbook advisor; graduate of a Master’s writing program; occasional participant in writing workshops and critique groups; occasional freelance proofreader; and occasional writing tutor, I have read writing at all its stages, from rough draft to final draft, and writers at all their stages, from novice to better-than-I’ll-ever-be. Today, as I read through some work for a writing group and reflect on student work I read during the school year, I realized there are five common mistakes writers make, whether they are newbies, or seasoned writers working on an early draft. Here they are, so you can look out for them in your own early drafts.
I am not sure why writers make this mistake. Perhaps we are simply thinking too quickly and writing too slowly, resulting in a lapse of attention to detail. Perhaps we have simply stepped away from a piece for a while, and upon returning, forget what tense we were originally employing. Whatever causes it, even expert writers often commit this literary sin in their early drafts. Sometimes in the same paragraph, a writer will randomly switch from, for example, past tense to present tense. He will stick with present tense for a sentence, maybe a few, and then, for no apparent reason, revert back to the original past tense.
The good news is, this is a fairly easy mistake to correct. My advice would be not to worry too terribly much about tense in your initial draft, but be sure to pay attention to it as you revise. Make sure that you pick a tense, and stick with it. Granted, if you employ, for example, a flashback, that part of your tale will need to be written in some form of the past tense, but the main story-line should employ one, consistent tense.
Often, my students approach me with their own, personal writing projects and request that I read them and offer feedback. I am always very honored when a student trusts me with her writing, because I know how scary asking for feedback can be–doing so leaves a writer pretty vulnerable. When I do read students’ work, one of the most common mistakes I see is unnatural dialog, in two forms: 1) all the characters speak in the same manner, regardless of their age, gender, race, background, education, etc. and 2) the characters say things that, simply put, almost no one would ever really say–they are too formal or too stilted or otherwise unrealistic.
While correcting this issue is not as simple as fixing inconsistent tense, it can, of course, be done. A few pieces of advice:
Listen to real people. Listen to how they speak–the cadences different groups use; the vocabulary they employ; the rhythms and colloquialisms and pronunciations. Then, use these observations to inform the way your characters speak.
Read your dialog aloud, and listen carefully to how it sounds. Better yet, assign characters to real people and read the dialog together. Is it natural? Can you tell the characters apart simply by what each one says and how he or she says it? Ask yourself: Would someone really say that? If the answer is no, change it. If the answer is yes, then ask yourself: Would this character really say that? If the answer is no, change it. If the answer is yes, way to go.
Make sure every character speaks a language unique to his or her personality, background, education level, gender, age, etc. While a white, male professor and his twenty-something, white, male student might both speak English, they are going to use very different sentence structures, different jargon and slang, etc. Consider these differences, and respect them.
Unless you’re writing an allegory, your characters should be dynamic (unless you have a literary purpose for keeping them static), complex, and developed. They should have motives, fears, dreams, secrets, pasts. For a hero to be completely good and a villain to be completely evil is not only too simple, but unrealistic. Make sure your characters are just that: characters. They should have quirks, pet peeves, unique personalities, motives, and flaws. Consider what makes every character tick. Avoid using characters as mere plot tools. I have heard various methods for making sure your characters are well-developed, believable, realistic, and relate-able. Here are just a few:
Hold an imaginary conversation with each character. Simply begin with something like, “Hey, Marissa, how ya feelin’ today?” or “Marsha, what’s on your mind today?” Then, let them speak to you. And listen.
Write a letter to your character, and then write a response from him or her in his or her voice.
Write a backstory for each character, including information such as family history, education, geography and location, job history, likes and dislikes, talents, fears, dreams, pets, etc.
Describe a character’s favorite outfit and explain why that’s her favorite outfit.
Describe a character’s dream car and explain why that’s his dream car.
Describe each character–even minor characters–from another character’s perspective, or from multiple other characters’ perspectives.
Tell a chapter of the story (or, if it’s a short story, the whole story) from each character’s perspective. What you learn about your characters might surprise you.
I tell my students to avoid what I call “weak words.” These words include, but are not limited to, the following:
have/has and other “to-be” verbs
The above list is pretty obvious, but these words appear in countless pieces of writing, and usually unnecessarily so. One place they might belong is in dialog, but they generally do a poor job if employed in description or narration. If I tell you my dinner tasted amazing, you know I enjoyed it, but little else. You could easily wonder what made it “amazing.” Was it the service? The flavor? The atmosphere? The company? And once we have determined the answer to those questions, what was so “amazing” about the element? If we’re discussing the service, was the waiter charming? Attentive? Prompt? If we’re describing the flavor, was the food savory? Sweet? Spicy? Buttery? Be as specific as possible. Allow the reader to taste, smell, feel, hear, and see by employing concrete, descriptive words. As a reader, I cannot conceptualize what “amazing” means. I know it’s positive, but that’s where my understanding ends. However, I can very easily imagine what “spicy” and “buttery” taste like.
First, you need to decide if you will tell your story in first, second, or third person. Then, you need to make sure you remain true to that choice. For example, if you elect to utilize a first-person narrator, you must remember that the narrator knows only his own thoughts, motives, and emotions. He might be able to guess at the thoughts or emotions of other characters, or assume or interpret things about them–but he cannot know, and he cannot narrate like he knows. For example, Mark Twain elected to tell The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn from the first-person perspective of the character of Huck Finn. Huck Finn cannot tell us what Jim is thinking or feeling–unless Jim tells him. Huck Finn cannot tell us how his Pap feels about him–unless Pap tells him. He can tell us what he might believe the other characters think or feel, but he cannot get inside their heads or hearts. For another example, I was recently reading a writer’s rough draft of a short essay. The writer was looking at a photograph a friend had posted on social media, and started describing to readers what the friend had been thinking about and remembering when he had posted the photograph. Unless the photograph was captioned with that information, how could the writer possibly have known what the friend had been thinking or feeling? The writer had written sentences to the effect of: “Michael started thinking about the past–the missed baseball games and late arrivals to school plays. He promised himself to be a better father, a better man.” Suddenly, the writer was somehow in Michael’s head, which is, of course, impossible, and inconsistent with the first-person perspective of the story. In a case like this, the writer has two choices, as I see it: 1) Cut it. The narrator cannot tell us what he or she does not know. 2) Fix it. Let us know these are the narrator’s thoughts. The example above could be remedied like this: “I think about Michael and what made him post that picture. I imagine him thinking about all the missed baseball games and late arrivals to school plays. Maybe he promised himself to be a better father, a better man. Maybe it was motivation–a reminder of what not to do, who not to be.” Now, we are in the narrator’s head, not Michael’s.
I recently realized that certain songs tend to get me in the mood–to write, that is. I decided to keep a list of these inspiring, creativity-inducing songs, and noticed a particular pattern: It seems I am most inspired by songs that include piano, and/or by mellow melodies rich with melancholy, and/or by heartbreaking lyrics I wish I had written myself. Here is my ever-lengthening Writing Playlist:
Fine Frenzy, “Almost Lover”
Coldplay, “The Scientist”
Gary Jules, “Mad World”
The entire soundtrack to the film Dances with Wolves
The school year is winding down, and my students (and I!) are feeling a bit squirrely. We just took our last test of the school year on Zora Neale Hurston‘s Their Eyes Were Watching God, and there are a mere six regular school days left before final exams. So what do we do with this odd in-between that doesn’t allow enough time for another full unit, but is certainly too much time to descend into the pit of meaningless movie-watching day after day? The answer is: We write.
Now, tell that to most students, and they cringe. But I’m not talking about five-page-research-paper-in-the-MLA-format writing. I’m talking about fun writing. I know, I know. If my students remember what an oxymoron is, they’d apply it to the term “fun writing.” And of course, as a writer, I’m a bit biased; I think almost all writing is fun.
But I think my students did have fun writing today. Here is what we did:
Students will: analyze nonfiction writing; analyze authentic texts; review and identify verbs; write using strong, specific verbs; write creatively, informally, and for enjoyment; analyze the structure and elements of an authentic, nonfiction text; work cooperatively; engage in the creative process; think critically, creatively, and abstractly; share their written work aloud
several sheets of notebook paper, composition book, or spiral notebook for every student
writing utensil for each student
several copies of cooking magazines or various copies of different recipes
Put students into groups of three or four.
Pass out magazines or recipes, so that each group has two or three magazines, or at least six to ten individual recipes.
Give students five minutes in their groups to look through the recipes together, and instruct them to write down all the strong, specific cooking verbs they come across.
Each student should keep his or her own list.
After five minutes, ask the students to call out the verbs they wrote down, and write them on the board for the class to see.
Next, give students five minutes to start a new list. This time, they should write down all the units of measurement they see in the different ingredients lists.
After five minutes, ask the students to call out the units they wrote down, and write them on the board for the class to see.
Next, give students three minutes to examine the structure and format of the recipes together. They should write down elements they notice most or all of the recipes share. This should include items such as: prep time, cooking time, ingredients list, steps/process/procedure, servings, etc.
After three minutes, ask students what elements a recipe should have, and write the elements on the board for the class to see.
Explain to students that in a few minutes, they will write a recipe poem. A recipe poem is a poem that explains how to “cook” something abstract, such as a certain type of person, a certain emotion, or an experience. Give them some examples: a recipe for success, a recipe for a best friend, a recipe for the worst day ever, etc.
Give students five minutes to brainstorm together in their groups. They should write down experiences, types of people, and emotions they think they might want to describe by way of a recipe poem.
After five minutes, ask students to call their ideas out, and write them on the board for the class to see.
Remind students that their recipe poem should include all the elements of a recipe, and be formatted like a recipe. Instruct them to pick a topic, but not to tell anyone else in the class what their topic is.
Give students about 15 minutes to write their recipe poem, allotting more time if needed.
Once everyone has finished (or mostly finished) a recipe poem, instruct students to go around in their groups and read their recipe poems aloud to their group members, still withholding the subject. After each student reads, his group members should try to guess what his recipe is for. After each group member has guessed, the poet can reveal what his topic was.
After each person in each group has had a chance to share her poem with her group, ask willing students to share their recipe poems aloud with the class.
My students really seemed to enjoy this activity–so much so, that we actually have to finish tomorrow because so many students were so eager to share their poems with the class. We ran out of time!
Want to write and maybe even see your work published, but don’t feel like you have the time? Well, good news: You do. That is, if you have ten minutes to spare, you do.
The Life in 10 Minutes method of writing encourages people to set a timer for ten minutes–that’s all–and just write. You can work from a prompt, or just write whatever comes out. The only thing that matters is that you write. For ten minutes. And then you stop. Don’t overthink it. Don’t over-edit it. Don’t apologize for it. Just write it.
In addition to providing you with a way to make sure you write each day, if only for ten minutes, Life in 10 Minutes offers workshops for writers of all levels, from all backgrounds, throughout the year. Over the winter months, I participated in one of these workshops, and I highly recommend it to any writers looking to work with like-minded people, channel their creativity, experiment, learn, and receive immediate and personalized feedback.
Life in 10 Minutes also provides a platform for writers to publish their 10s (pieces they wrote using the Life in 10 Minutes method described above) online. You can read samples of other writers’ 10s here. (Shameless self-promotion: You can find my 10 here.)
The newest development in the Life in 10 Minutes world is the anthology, both digital and print, which has a publication goal of October 2016. Submissions are due by July 15, 2016, and guidelines can be found here. Here are the basics:
Hand write one, two, or three 10s. Pieces between 100 and 600 words will be given priority.
Type up your 10(s), editing (not butchering–be gentle; the piece should be raw and honest and organic) as you type.
If you’ve ever been to Richmond, Virginia, then
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the change of religions. It was grown in Charlemagne’s garden in the ninth century and even into the 15th and early 16th centuries, when paintings of the Angel who had always been portrayed holding a scepter, now was portrayed holding a white lily. It was a symbol of the Virgin’s purity and her role as Queen of the Angels.
Because the introduction of Chinese and Japanese lily species to our society came during much more recent times, there is much more knowledge that survives about it. Japanese lilies were first introduced to the West by pictures from Engelbert Kaempfer in about 1690. These pictures included L. lancifolium, L. speciosum, and L. concolor, but they weren’t published till 1791. The next botanist in Japan was Carl Thunberg in 1775. He collected many bulbs and may have brought some lilies back with him. The bulbs of L. lancifolium, davidii, japonicum and the Gold-Band Lily (L. auratum), have been in the diets of Japanese, Koreans and Chinese for over 2,000 years.
The first collectors of Chinese lilies were French priests. The first was Pere Armand David, who collected in Mongolia and the area between Tibet and China from 1866 to 1870. Lilium davidii was named after him. L. delavayi was named after Pere Delavay, who was the second French priest collecting lilies in China. He collected in the Yunnan Province. Then came Peres Soulie and Farges. After them came Augustine Henry from 1881 on for several years in central China. He collected Henry’s Lily (L. henryi) on limestone cliffs in the Ichang gorges of the Yangtze River in 1888. Then he found the Regal Lily (L. regale) in Tibet in 1903. The newest species I know of to be found was L. ciliatum by Patrick Synge in N. E. Turkey and N. Iran in 1960.
With Easter coming on, I should probably say that it is now Lilium longiflorum, native to the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Those who get these plants, should know that they have been forced for flowering over the Easter holidays. If they are kept in the house till the flowers are finished flowering and then planted outdoors, they will come back and flower the next year. They will then flower even better the following year…….assuming they grow well in your area.
They come from the most tropical of Japan’s Islands, and aren’t adaptable to points north of there. They prefer an acidic or neutral environment, whereas southern California has extremely alkaline water and soil. They and all lilies require excellent drainage, whereas San Diego usually has hard-pan adobe – very similar to clay. If you have a spot in a reasonably sunny location with good drainage, by all means….give them a try. In most parts of the country, they prefer full sun. In the brightest parts, they’d appreciate some light shade. Don’t expect them to flower at Easter in your garden, their normal flowering period is midsummer. Source: http://www.ancientworlds.net/aw/Journals/Journal/266808 "لوفرا | Lofra" شرکتی ایتالیایی که با بیش از ۶۰ سال سابقه در تولید "اجاق گاز" کمپینگ و "اجاق گاز" ضد زنگ و کورهای گرمایشی هست. شرکت "لوفرا" | "Lofra" با تجدید در رویکرد ها وسیاست خود تغییرات بزرگی را در این شرکت در جنوب ایتالیا ایجاد نمود. با تغییر این رویکرد لوفرا توانست کیفیت محصولات خود را به طور چشم گیری افزایش دهد به این صورت که با عرضه جدیدی از اجاق گاز لوفرا , تحول بزرگی در تولید گاز ایجاد کند. "قیمت گاز لوفرا" نسبت به بقیه رقبا از سطح بیشتری برخوردار است.
از اوایل سال ۲۰۱۰ کارخانه لوفرا | Lofra اسم خود را به Nuova lofra تغییر داد. این تغییر به این خاطر بود که مدیریت لوفرا با تغییراتی همراه بوده است. در آن سال ها ایتالیا دچار مشکلات اقتصادی میشود و لوفرا به همین ترتیب با مشکلاتی مواجه میشود در همین سو یک سرمایه گذار ایرانی با سرمایه گذاری در این شرکت توانست شرکت را دوباره احیا کنند. Un avviso di conclusione indagine per omissioni in atti d'ufficio è stato notificato dai Pm di Palermo al presidente della Regione Raffaele Lombardo, all'ex governatore Salvatore Cuffaro e ai sette assessori all'Ambiente succedutisi tra il 2003 e il 2010. Non avrebbero adottato misure imposte dalla legge per il contrasto dell'inquinamento atmosferico. Il caso ricalca le recenti vicende di Padova.
19 giugno, 2011 Unravelling the Mysteries of Quantum Computing
In the mesmerizing world of computers and technology, a new player has entered the field, turning heads and raising eyebrows - Quantum Computing. This innovation is promising to revolutionise our understanding of computation and information processing. This article aims to unravel the mysteries of Quantum Computing, a concept that surpasses the conventional boundaries of computing, reaching into the realm of quantum physics. Delving into its core principles, potential applications, and the challenges it faces, this piece will serve as a guide to understanding this essential, yet complex, technology. So, whether you’re a seasoned tech enthusiast or a novice looking to satiate your curiosity, embark on this journey to understand how Quantum Computing could reshape our world.
Understanding the Basics of Quantum Computing
The realm of Quantum Computing can often seem complex and elusive. Despite this, a fundamental understanding of the technology can be achieved by breaking down its core concepts. A key component of Quantum Computing lies in the principles of quantum physics, such as superposition and entanglement. Superposition refers to the ability of a quantum system to exist in multiple states at once, while entanglement involves a strong correlation that exists between quantum particles regardless of the distance separating them.
These principles lay the groundwork for the operation of quantum bits or 'qubits', which serve as the basic units of quantum information. Unlike traditional bits in classical computing that can either be 0 or 1, qubits can exist in any superposition of these values, thus dramatically increasing computational power. Quantum physics, with its principles of superposition and entanglement, provides the scientific basis for the development and functioning of Quantum Computing, making these concepts indispensable for anyone seeking to comprehend this advanced technology.
The Power and Potential of Quantum Computing
The unique capabilities and potential applications of quantum computing represent a significant shift in the computational landscape. By leveraging the inherent properties of quantum physics, quantum computers have the potential to solve problems that are currently computationally infeasible. The secret lies in the computational power of these machines, which allows for calculations to be performed at an unprecedented speed and scale.
The magic of quantum computing lies in its quantum algorithms. Unlike classical algorithms, quantum algorithms leverage quantum parallelism, a property unique to quantum computing. This allows for a multitude of calculations to be performed simultaneously, leading to what is known as quantum speedup. This speedup has the potential to revolutionize industries by providing solutions to problems that have been considered computationally intractable using traditional computers.
Furthermore, quantum supremacy, the point at which quantum computers outperform classical computers, is a milestone that many in the field strive for. Achieving this feat would not only validate the potential applications of quantum computers but also open up a world of possibilities for computational science. The journey towards quantum supremacy is one of the most fascinating aspects of quantum computing, and its potential applications are a testament to the incredible power of this emerging technology.
Challenges and Limitations in Quantum Computing
Quantum Computing, a cutting-edge discipline, while promising a revolution in computational power and speed, is not without its share of challenges and limitations. Among the primary obstacles faced in this field is the issue of qubit stability. Qubits, the fundamental units of quantum information, are highly susceptible to environmental interference, a phenomenon known as quantum noise. This makes maintaining their stable states a formidable task.
Another significant challenge is quantum error correction. Unlike classical computers, where a bit is either in a 0 or 1 state, qubits can exist in any superposition of these states. This unique feature, although it gives quantum computers their incredible processing power, also makes them vulnerable to errors due to quantum decoherence. It refers to the loss of quantum behavior of particles, resulting in computational errors.
Scalability also poses a significant obstacle in the advancement of Quantum Computing. It pertains to the capacity to increase the number of qubits in a quantum computer without compromising their quality or functionality. Overcoming these challenges in Quantum Computing is a task of utmost significance, and it presents an exciting frontier for research and innovation in the field.
Current Progress and Future Outlook in Quantum Computing
The realm of Quantum Computing is witnessing rapid progress, with an intriguing future outlook that holds promise of unprecedented advancements. This technology, once purely theoretical, is gradually finding its way to real-world applications, further fueling the interest in its potential and capabilities. Tech giants are now leading the charge in Quantum Computing investment, recognizing the transformative potential of this technology.
One notable development in this field is quantum annealing. This unique algorithm has emerged as a promising tool in Quantum Computing, offering a potentially more efficient approach to solving complex optimization problems. The multiplicity of research advancements in this area testifies to the fervor within the scientific community, keen on unlocking the full potential of Quantum Computing.
Looking at the future outlook, it is anticipated that Quantum Computing will revolutionize numerous key sectors. From healthcare to finance and even cybersecurity, the scope is substantial. With continuous progress and strategic investment, the day might not be far when Quantum Computing becomes an integral part of our digital world.
A Summarized View of Quantum Computing
In conclusion, we have aimed to distill the fundamental points of quantum computing in this article, giving readers a well-rounded understanding of the field. Reviewing the key features, we have explained that quantum computing operates on entirely different principles than classical computing, the core of which is the concept of quantum superposition. This allows quantum computers to process complex calculations at extraordinary speeds, revealing its enormous potential.
Quantum computing, however, despite its promise, still faces significant hurdles. Challenges in scalability, stability and error correction need to be tackled before quantum computing can fulfill its potential. Yet, even with these obstacles, the future of quantum computing looks promising. Researchers and technologists around the world are working tirelessly to overcome these challenges, propelling us towards a future where quantum computing can resolve problems that are currently unmanageable.
In essence, this Quantum Computing summary has provided an overview of quantum principles, discussed the potential of Quantum Computing, and looked towards the future, underlining its importance in the technological landscape. Hence, even though the mysteries of quantum computing are still being unravelled, it is clear that this technology holds immense promise for the future. بررسی تاریخچه اکسید کروم، معمای چگونگی به وجود آمدن اکسیژن روی زمین و مراحل آن را حل خواهد کرد.
اکسیژن با چه سرعتی در جو زمین اولیه تشکیل شد؟ تحلیلی جدید که با استفاده از ایزوتوپ های کروم در رسوبات بسیار قدیمی اقیانوس ها انجام شده، به بینشی غیرمنتظره در مورد این معمای دیرینه دست یافته است.
بر اساس گزارش نیچر، داستان معمول شیمی زمین شناختی در این مورد، ترکیبی از دو دوره قوی افزایش مولکول های اکسیژن در جو است؛ اولی در حدود ۲.۲ تا ۲.۴۵ میلیارد سال پیش در آن چه زمین شناسان رویداد اکسایش بزرگ (GOE) می خوانند و بعد از آن هم، در حدود ۷۵۰ میلیون سال پیش، جریان بزرگ دیگری اتفاق افتاد. اما جزییات این رویدادها نامشخص مانده بود. پیش از این با استفاده از ایزوتوپ های مولیبدن، رنیوم و سایر فلزات، تلاش هایی در جهت فهم شکل گیری اولیه اکسیژن صورت گرفته بود که طیفی از نتایج را در مورد آغاز اکسیژن، سرعت پیشرفت آن و این که آیا ادامه دار بوده است یا خیر، در بر داشت. با این حال، به گفته تیم لیون از دانشگاه کالی
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the situation in order to legitimize Viktor’s choice of attire by assuming he was a princess-knight. I assume he chose princess-knight rather than prince-knight as Allan himself had chosen to dress up as a princess, as did two other boys.
But in general I was disappointed with the level of reflection, maybe I was asking the wrong questions, or maybe it had something to do with Rankin’s (1998, p.219) “Io chi siamo”. If the boys had not been interviewed individually, but together with other children, maybe there would have been more reflection. Nilsson (2009, p. 25) describes how children’s individual reflections could enrich each other’s thoughts. In other words two separate accounts of the same event is able to fill out the picture of the day so that all involved in the dialogue gain a greater understanding of what happened. Cohen, Manion and Morrison (2010, p.374) recommend group interviewing when it comes to children as it “encourages interactions between the group rather than simply a response to an adult’s questions”. They go on to say that group interviews can also make children feel more at ease than individual interviews. This was quite clear in the interview with Olof, whose body language showed that he was much more nervous than usual to be individually interviewed. Had I interviewed small groups instead, it may have allowed him to remember more. It would certainly allowed him to discuss the memories of the other child/ren in the group and therefore increase the opportunity for reflection. Krechevsky and Stork (2000, p.62) describe group reflection in the following way
Learning in groups enables individuals to construct new knowledge by creating new relationships using learning strategies and outcomes of others … By working together, adults and children attain not just group understanding, but deep individual understanding.
The photographs were a great attraction and served as an aid to Allan’s memory. They reminded him of what he had done during the day, and even when he was not on the photograph he could often tell exactly where he was at that point in time or where he had conducted the same activity
A – here on this table
S – yes, it was here on this table
A – I also played with them, Bridget too.
S – Bridget, too.
A – I played with them on this table (he turns around and points to the table behind him)
He had remembered correctly that after the girls on the photographs had finished playing with the prince and princess figurines they had been moved to a close by table so the process of preparing for lunch could start.
It was clear that the photographs supported Allan’s memory of the day, as Tarini and White (1998, p.397), Kantor and Whaley (1998, p.330), Parker (2007, p.88) and Rinaldi (1998, p.121) all state. Research also indicates photographs are a useful tool to reinstate memory in young children (Troseth and DeLoache, 1998). The interviews showed that Allan was able to remember his day more chronologically correct, whilst Olof had difficulties separating the afternoon activities from those in the morning. Olof also had trouble remembering what had happened during the day. He had no memory of his mother, and many other parents coming to celebrate for one to two hours in the afternoon
S - …who were invited to the special reception?
O – Everyone
S – Everyone?
O – mmm (7 second pause, dries right hand on clothes and leans on left hand)
S – Was anyone special invited to this reception?
O – errr….errr…I don’t know
S – Did any mummies and daddies come?
O – no.
Whilst Allan was able to use the photographs, where at first glance it was obvious from his body language that he mistook another parent initially as his father. Allan had at first said that cake was eaten at the reception in the afternoon, as did Olof, but changed his mind after looking at the documentation to the correct answer of dipping fruit in chocolate sauce. The documentation offered “the opportunity… to self-correct” (Rinaldi, 1998, p.122)
There is the possibility that if Allan did not have access to the photographs he might not have remembered his father, and other parents had attended the “reception” in the afternoon.
Rinaldi (2006, p. 196) points out that when making documentation the pedagogue must be aware that it is not the child that is being documented but the pedagogue’s knowledge, concept and idea of the child. With this in mind I had deliberately selected photographs where Allan was only seen once close up, and a few times in groups to see if photograph selection would affect his memory. When the documentation was first presented he was eager to find pictures of himself, his body language showing great enthusiasm. When asked what his favourite activity had been in the morning, (as there were three teacher-lead activities to experience, plus four free-play activities) he closely inspected all the photographs of the morning’s activities and chose the one where he was in the picture. This raises queries as to whether it is my selection of photographs of the day’s event or Allan’s genuine preferment of playing royal ten-pin bowling that is being expressed in the interview. It does make clear, though, that the pedagogue must be careful when selecting photographs, and to be clear on the intent of the documentation. Nilsson (2009, p.32) was also concerned with the content of the documentation, “I question, who are the portfolio’s content meant for? Is it for the children, parents or the pedagogues? If it is the case that it is intended for all those mentioned, how is it possible to satisfy the different perspectives? Is this why documentation concerning children’s learning is not always clear for the person it is about?”
An aspect of reflection that came up in both interviews was when the boys brought their out-of-preschool experience into the dialogue. Olof shared his experience of an exhibition visit with his parents when we started to reflect on how Crown Princess Victoria travelled during the day. Olof had quite correctly recalled not only that she had travelled by boat on her wedding day, but also that another child had said that she would arrive by boat. His experience together with his parents helped him make sense of how the paddles moved.
Allan frequently used out-of-preschool experiences that were always an extension of what we were talking about, for example, the royal ten pin bowling game belonged to my own daughters, and he remembered this, as on the day he had wondered where it came from. This lead to a query of where my daughters were (as they sometimes come and read to the children) and when he found out that they were at their grandparents he proceeded to tell me something about his own grandparents, teaching me a new word from the southern Sweden. Nilsson (2009, p.28) also noticed the importance of out-of-preschool experiences in the learning process of children. One can say that children never stop learning, and that giving opportunities to reflect allows children the time to crochet together different threads of experiences to create a new square of learning. Eventually these squares will be sewn together to form the child’s education. Of course, this is a complex thing to do, and guidance by pedagogues is essential.
This was a small study, with its limitations. Had there been more time and opportunity it would have been advantageous to interview the same boys after a similar type of event but where Allan was interviewed without the documentation and Olof with. This would allow me to see if the boys’ personalities had anything to do with their abilities to recall and reflect and whether or not it was the documentation that made the difference.
I also discovered that there were too many structured questions, which did not allow me the freedom to pursue the boys’ reflections appropriately in the short time of the interview. Fifteen minutes is not a long time to extract information and reflection from the interviewers point of view, but was more than enough for the boys, as Cohen, Manion and Morrison (2010, p.375) had written. Had I filmed the interviews instead it would have allowed for less structured questions and to still document the body language accurately. I would also make sure that the interviews occurred in a room with fewer distractions – during Allan’s interview the doorbell rang, a parent dropped off things, and another group of children started talking noisily just outside the open window. No distractions occurred during Olof’s interview. The documentation proved to be an excellent method of recapturing focus in a natural way. This can be seen in the responses, that despite all the distraction, Allan was able to stay slightly more focussed on the topic, and if I was to take into account the number of repeat answers given by Olof it would widen the gap significantly.
The event was significantly different from a normal preschool day to make it memorable. What was very apparent from this research is that events like this should not be placed at the end of the project to act as a reward/celebrate the children’s knowledge gained, but that it should be placed somewhere in the middle of the project and used as a tool for continued learning through reflection afterwards.
My research has raised more questions than it has answered. It has been more an “amuse bouche” than anything substantial. It does though whet the appetite for further research. I would like to compare individual reflective interviews with interviews of small groups of 2-4 children. Would there be more reflection as the children discussed and process each other’s experiences or would there be children who dominate a group and prevent others from participating in the learning process? (Rinaldi, 1998, p.122)
It would be interesting to compare age groups – to see if there is an age where the documentation is more beneficial due to the emotional and cognitive development of the child (Roos af Hjelmsäter, 2010, p.9).
A closer look at how documentation is used with pre-readers would be interesting. A comparison between documentation on the wall, where children reflect without the aid of a pedagogue, with documentation being discussed together with the guidance of a pedagogue, would also provide an interesting insight on reflection and documentation. How important is the pedagogue’s role when children use documentation for self-reflection? And what effect do pedagogues have in their selection of the documentation presented to the children, parents and colleagues? (Nilsson, 2009, p.32).
Is documentation an effective recall tool for all children? There can be those children who are unable to sit still long enough to look and listen in order to absorb the information, let alone reflect upon it. Can documentation reach these children and aid their learning more effectively than in a traditional classroom or does it exclude?
This research has offered a glimpse that documentation can aid young children when reflecting upon an event, by acting as a bridge between the event and the time of reflection, allowing the child to more easily retrieve memories to reflect upon, and improving their opportunities to learn.
Last week we came dressed for a party. What sort of clothes were you wearing?
Do you remember what sort of clothes your friends and teachers were wearing?
Do you remember what you did in the morning?
Which activity was your favourite? Why?
What did you think was not so much fun? Why?
We ate a special lunch – can you tell me about the lunch?
Can you remind me what we did in the afternoon?
We had a special reception in the afternoon – who was invited? What did we eat?
Why did we have a prince and princess party?
Did you watch the royal wedding? Did you see it on TV or did you go to wave?
What did you think?
Abbott, L., and C. Nutbrown (2007) Experiencing Reggio Emilia. Experiencing Reggio Emilia: implications for preschool provision. Open University Press
Blakemore, S-J., U. Frith (2009) The Learning Brain. Lessons for Education. Blackwell
Bondesson, C; Näslund Lennartsson, A-M & Wiman, A-K, (2007) En Svenska kopernikansk kullerbytta? Sex pedagoger beskriver sitt tankesätt och arbetssätt utifrån Reggio Emilias Pedagogiska filosofi. (own translation) A Swedish Copernicus Somersault. Högskolan i Borås, Institution för Pedagogik. Retrieved October 2009 from: http://bada.hb.se/handle/2320/3448
Bruner, J. (1977) The Process of Education. Harvard University press.
Clough, P. and C. Nutbrown (2007) A Student’s Guide to Methodology. Sage
Cohen, L., L. Manion and K. Morrison (2010) Research Methods in Education. Routledge
Dewey, J. (1997) Experience and Education Touchstone
Edwards, Gandini and Forman (1998) Introduction: Background and Starting Points. . The Hundred languages of Children , The Reggio Emilia Approach – Advanced Reflections. Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Fivush, R. (1994) Young Children’s Event Recall: Are Memories Contructed through Discourse? Consciousness and Cognition 3http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6WD0-45P0V48-D&_user=10&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F1994&_alid=1418975567&_rdoc=2&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_cdi=6752&_sort=r&_docanchor=&view=c&_ct=2&_acct=C000050221&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=06de2d441cb1a3527d49f264906a050c (accessed June 2010)
Fleck, B. (2010) The Effects of Documentation on Young Children’s Memory manuscript, forthcoming publication. Received by e-mail July 2010.
Forman G., B. Fyfe (1998) Negotiated learning Through Design, Documentation, and Discourse. The Hundred languages of Children , The Reggio Emilia Approach – Advanced Reflections. Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Granhagen, N., and C. Hedlund (2008) pedagogisk dokumentation: ett sätt att synliggöra lärandet. Högskolan i Gävle.http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3433 (accessed August 2010)
Johansson, N. (2009) En Studie om hur förskollärare upplever sitt arbete med observation, dokumentation och pedagogisk dokumenation i relation till barns lärande Luleå Tekniska Universitet http://epubl.ltu.se/1652-5299/2009/068/ (accessed June 2010)
Kantor, R., and K.L. Whaley (1998) Existing Frameworks and New ideas from our Reggio Emilia experience: learning at a Lab School with 2-to-4-Year-Old Children. . The Hundred languages of Children , The Reggio Emilia Approach – Advanced Reflections. Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Krechevsky, M., and J. Stork (2000). Challenging educational assumptions: Lessons from an Italian-American collaboration. Cambridge Journal of Education 30, no. 1, (March 1): 57-74. http://www.proquest.com.eresources.shef.ac.uk/ (accessed August, 2010)
Kroeger, J. And T. Cardy (2006) Documentation: A Hard to Reach Place. Early Childhood Education Journal. Vol.33. No 6.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10643-006-0062-6 (accessed June 2010)
Leask, J. (2007) Sam’s invisible extra gear – a parents view. Experiencing Reggio Emilia: implications for preschool provision. Open University Press
Malaguzzi, L. (1998) Histories, Ideas and Philosphy The Hundred languages of Children , The Reggio Emilia Approach – Advanced Reflections. Ablex Publishing Corporation.
Nilsson, A. (2009) Children’s Reasoning about learning. A Study on Making preschool more approachable to Society. Malmö University Electronic Publishing. http://hdl.handle.net/2043/8368 (accessed June 2010)
Parker, C. (2007) “She’s back!” The impact of my visit to reggio Emilia on a group of 3- and 4-year-olds . . Experiencing Reggio Emilia: implications for preschool provision. Open University Press
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接收数据。同时将两个数字信道的输出反馈到两个单独的ＭＣＵ接口。具体的两个信道如下：
应当解释的是，数字信道２的频率只有在比数字信道１的频率高出８ＭＨｚ时，才能保证正常接收。
3.nrf2401引脚图
nrf2401引脚图如图所示： Ingredienti:
lingua di manzo kg 1
zucchero g 50
sale g 50
gamberi rossi g 500
mandarini kg 1
germogli a piacere
5g di agar agar
brodo vegetale
sale e pepe
Procedimento:
Massaggiate la lingua con il sale e lo zucchero e lasciatela marinare in frigo per 24 ore. Poi fatela sobbollire nel brodo vegetale per circa 2 ore. Scolatela, privatela della pelle e tagliatela a fette spesse 2 cm.
Rosolate in una padella antiaderente caldissima le fette di lingua su ambo i lati con poco olio, scolatele e tenetele in caldo.
Sgusciate i gamberi, privateli della testa e del filo nero intestinale. Conditeli in una ciotola con 1 filo di olio, 1 presa di sale e 1 di pepe.
Sbucciate i mandarini e frullateli, poi fate addensare con un po’ di agar agar a fuoco dolce. Mettete il succo di mandarino sul piatto, mettete sopra le fette di lingua, coprite con i gamberi e i germogli e servite. How does a factory in the neighbourhood impact the use of the property?
The proximity of a factory may affect activities that may be planned in the area. Chemical and explosives factories are placed so that any major accident will cause as little damage as possible. Safety distances affect the kinds of activities that nearby properties may be used for.
Safety distances mitigate the risk of a major accident. For example, a property planned for residential use may not contain accommodation or a day care if it is close to a factory. The list of production facilities that must be considered in planning can be found on the website of the Finnish Safety and Chemicals Agency (Tukes) (pdf, 1834 kb, in Finnish). Tukes determines the safety distances, and a consultation zone is established around a site supervised by Tukes. The planner requests a statement from Tukes for planning carried out in the consultation zone.
If you are wondering whether planning will allow the operation intended:
1. Contact the municipality and ask whether it is possible to begin the intended operation on the property.
2. Where necessary, the municipality will request a statement from Tukes and the rescue authority for altering the plan.
3. In its statement, Tukes also takes into account plans to expand operation at the supervised site, since this may also affect the permissible uses of the property.
What can be planned and where?
What kind of danger can possible accidents pose?
Risks related to accidents in factories include chemical clouds, fire, explosions or environmental disasters. In addition to people and buildings, the safety distances protect nature, groundwater, sites of historical value and infrastructure, such as major traffic routes or energy supply.
Chemical emissions may cause health hazards. The safety distance is affected by the spreading rate and size of a possible chemical cloud, the exposure period and the number of people.
Pressure waves are created in explosions. For example, chemical containers, liquid gases and certain types of fertiliser may explode.
Fires generate thermal radiation, and if the thermal radiation is too strong, it will expand the fire and cause burns. Readily combustible sites are taken into account when determining safety distances.
A major accident may also impact nature. The risk assessment takes into account the severity and duration of any damage to the environment that a possible accident would cause. La FEM celebra la "Giornata internazionale per porre fine all'impunità per i crimini contro i giornalisti" ricorda i nove giornalisti uccisi in Myanmar ed esprime solidarietà a tutti quei giornalisti che sono stati gravemente feriti, torturati e vittime di violenza sessuale senza poter ricorrere alla giustizia a causa della totale impunità dei militari.
Nove giornalisti uccisi
Quattro giornalisti sono stati uccisi dall'inizio del colpo di stato nel 2021: il fotografo Soe Naing è stato ucciso tra il 10 e il 14 dicembre 2021 mentre era in custodia militare; il giornalista Sai Win Aung è stato ucciso il 25 dicembre 2021 da un attacco di artiglieria militare; il giornalista Pu Tuidim è stato torturato e ucciso l'8 gennaio 2022 mentre veniva usato come scudo umano in custodia militare; la fotografa Aye Kyaw è stata uccisa il 30 luglio 2022 mentre era in custodia militare.
Cinque giornalisti sono stati uccisi impunemente prima del colpo di stato del 2021: Soe Moe Tun è stato ucciso nel 2016; Aung Kyaw Naing "Par Gyi" è stata torturata a morte in custodia militare nel 2014; Kenji Nagai è stato ucciso a colpi di arma da fuoco mentre raccontava la rivoluzione dello zafferano del 2007; Tha Win e Hla Han furono torturati a morte per il loro coraggioso titolo di notizie nel 1999.
Torture e violenza sessuali
Sebbene l'uccisione sia la forma più estrema di censura dei media, i militari hanno anche ferito, torturato e abusato sessualmente molti giornalisti dall'inizio del colpo di stato.
Il 5 dicembre 2021 il fotoreporter Kaung Sett Lin e il video fotografo Hmu Yadanar Khet Moh Moh Tun sono stati gravemente feriti dopo essere stati investiti da un camion lanciato dai soldati contro i manifestanti. Funzionari militari hanno usato violenza sessuale contro i giornalisti tenuti in custodia, anche con stupri di gruppo nei confronti del giornalista Ye Mon, minacciando di stupro il giornalista Hanthar Nyein e, secondo quanto riferito, è stata usata violenza sessuale contro donne giornaliste. Molti altri giornalisti come Nathan Maung hanno riferito di diffuse torture.
Crimini commessi
Non ci può essere alcuna giustificazione per uccidere, picchiare o torturare un giornalista in nessuna circostanza. Piuttosto, ci sono prove che suggeriscono che in tutti questi casi è stato commesso un reato.
Esecuzioni sommarie, danni, torture e aggressioni sessuali sono tutti crimini ai sensi del diritto interno del Myanmar (articoli 300, 320, 330, 354, 375, 509 del codice penale), anche se perpetrati da membri dell'esercito (articolo della legge sull'esercito del Myanmar 66f). Tutti crimini inoltre vietati dal diritto internazionale dei diritti umani.
Inoltre, la frequenza e la gravità dei crimini commessi contro i giornalisti mostrano che non si tratta di singoli casi isolati, ma piuttosto parte di violazioni gravi e sistematiche dei diritti umani da parte dell'esercito.
Crimini di guerra
Anche i crimini commessi contro i giornalisti dall'inizio del colpo di stato possono costituire crimini di guerra.
Il diritto internazionale umanitario, comprese le Convenzioni di Ginevra, include specificamente i giornalisti nella definizione di civili. Gli attacchi diretti contro i civili, la diffusione del terrore, l'omicidio, la tortura, le punizioni corporali, lo stupro e la violenza sessuale e la privazione arbitraria della libertà sono tutti crimini di guerra. Questi crimini di guerra sono proibiti nei conflitti armati sia internazionali che non internazionali.
Porre fine all'impunità
Ricordare ogni caso di impunità è un segno di rispetto neri confronti dei giornalisti. Il loro giornalismo assicura che il pubblico sia consapevole di ciò che sta accadendo in tutto il Myanmar. Ricordare è anche un passo per garantire che un giorno i perpetratori saranno ritenuti responsabili dei loro crimini e assicurati alla giustizia davanti al popolo del Myanmar.
La polizia e i tribunali controllati dai militari non possono e non vogliono condurre indagini e assicurare i colpevoli alla giustizia. Non esistono rimedi nazionali.
Pertanto, le parti interessate internazionali, compresi i tribunali internazionali e i meccanismi internazionali, dovrebbero agire per ritenere responsabili gli autori. I tribunali e i pubblici ministeri stranieri dovrebbero utilizzare tutte le disposizioni disponibili sulla giurisdizione universale per ritenere gli autori di responsabilità responsabili e fornire giustizia al popolo del Myanmar. 富氢杯是什么原理制成的？
发布日期：2020-02-25 编辑：太阳集团娱乐网址 点击：
富氢水厂家告诉您在电解时单独制成氢气，通过盖紧杯盖使其加压溶解到水中，形成数个团水聚集在一起，此时的团水外形会变大，氢分子总是数个聚集成微小气泡形态存在于水分子之间,随着时间推移，这种情况下形成的氢气之间聚合成大的气泡很容易就释放到空气中。
富氢水杯是一种生成富含氢水的装置，通过pem电解技术将水转化为电解还原水，产生氢气，一般是选氢氧分离有溶氢技术的氢力泉氢水杯比较好的。由于全球性的水资源污染，饮用不洁净水已经成为人类健康的第一大隐性杀手。
据世界卫生组织(WHO)资料记载，迄今为止已查出水中的污染物超过2100种，由饮水而引起的疾病占所有人类疾病的80%;由水传播的40多种疾病在世界范围内仍未得到有效的控制;中国城镇居民生病和亚健康状况的60%与水污染有关。
美伊琳水素水（富氢水）采用优质纯净水与氢气制成，无任何杂质。水中含有的氢气对太阳集团娱乐网址体内的恶性自由基可起到很好的清除与预防作用，所以说富氢水是缓解亚健康为理想的生活用水。
初次使用富氢水杯前，一定要取下水杯底座中的小黑盖（贴有使用前请取下标贴），并倒掉里面保护离子膜而存储的纯净水。使用富氢水杯前请用干净的水涮洗2-3次，且底座开关及USB充电口处请勿沾水。
相关标签：富氢水厂家
下一篇：没有了 Matematik İklim Kuşakları Nelerdir?
Matematik iklim kuşakları nelerdir? Dünya’nın iklimi, farklı enlem bölgelerindeki iklim kuşakları tarafından belirlenir. Bu kuşaklar, Dünya’nın farklı bölgelerinde farklı iklim koşullarına yol açar ve bu bölgelerin bitki örtüsü, hayvan yaşamı ve insan aktivitelerini etkiler.
Bu Yazının İçindeki Başlıklar
Matematik İklim Kuşakları Nelerdir?
Tropikal, kutup ve orta kuşaklar; matematik iklim kuşakları olarak adlandırılır.
Tropikal Kuşak: Ekvatorun Sıcaklığı
Tropikal kuşak, Dünya’nın ekvator bölgesini çevreleyen ve yaklaşık 23.5 derece enlem çizgisine kadar uzanan bir bölgeyi kapsar. Bu kuşak, güneş ışığını yıl boyunca neredeyse eşit bir şekilde alır, bu nedenle sıcaklık genellikle yüksektir ve mevsimsel değişiklikler sınırlıdır. Tropikal kuşak, yoğun yağışlarla karakterizedir ve bu nedenle yağmur ormanlarına ev sahipliği yapar. Amazon Ormanları ve Kongo Ormanları gibi dünyanın en büyük yağmur ormanları, tropikal kuşakta bulunur. Bu bölgeler, biyolojik çeşitlilikleri ile ünlüdür ve pek çok egzotik bitki ve hayvan türünü barındırır.
Tropikal kuşak, sıcak ve nemli iklimi ile tarım için uygundur. Bu nedenle muz, ananas, kakao ve kahve gibi ürünler bu bölgelerde yaygın olarak yetiştirilir. Ancak, bu bölgelerde aşırı yağışlar sık sık seller ve toprak erozyonu gibi sorunlara yol açabilir.
Kutup Kuşağı: Soğuk ve Karasal
Kutup kuşağı, Dünya’nın kutup bölgelerini içerir. Bu bölgeler, soğuk ve karasal iklimlere sahiptir. Kutup kuşağında yazlar kısa ve serin, kışlar ise uzun ve çok soğuktur. Kutup kuşağında yaşam koşulları son derece zorlu olup, sıcaklık sıfırın altına düşebilir. Kutup kuşağı, buzullar, deniz buzları ve soğuğa dayanıklı bitki ve hayvan
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�����吉斯报道。
Pamela Moses 是当地 Black Lives Matter 组织的负责人，她在 2017 年 12 月提起的诉讼中获得了 500 美元的赔偿。
该决定现已过去 60 多天，不再有资格向田纳西州最高法院提出上诉。
新橄榄枝市长
Ken Adams was elected the next Olive Branch mayor Tuesday replacing Scott Phillips who held the seat since 2013,our Lucas Finton reports.
亚当斯谈到他的胜利时说：“这是非常令人谦卑的，并且有一个很棒的支持努力。我们也非常清楚地得到了两党的支持。我不认识任何候选人，如果没有两党的支持，几乎不可能成功。”
共和党人也席卷了所有的市议员种族。
小杰伦杰克逊的未来
孟菲斯灰熊队的重建始于小贾伦·杰克逊在 2018 年 NBA 选秀中被选中。紧随其后的是出色的新秀和大二赛季，随后他因伤缺阵了上个赛季的大部分时间。
现在，选秀三年后，灰熊队必须决定是否向他提供续约合同，基本上将他锁定为他们长期未来的一部分。
相关文章
今日头条
图文推荐 Khan Academy can still be useful even with limited access to technology. In all cases, teamwork and peer tutoring can still be valuable to stretch your technology resources further. Below are a few ideas on how to make the most of the resources you have on-hand.
Available technology: Limited internet bandwidth
If you have limited internet bandwidth, there are a few options. First, using the skills practice takes up a small fraction of the bandwidth as compared to lessons that include video. So one option is to focus your students mainly on the practice sets. Some teachers have creatively had students in small groups as they use Khan Academy to minimize the number of devices that are online to use the limited bandwidth (some have gone so far as to create accounts by team to track progress). Another option if you have severely limited bandwidth is to consider checking out KA Lite - the offline version of Khan Academy provided by a partner organization.
Available technology: A handful of computers in the classroom
It is a popular option to use Khan Academy to engage students at the far ends of the learning spectrum who might be bored or lost during a traditional lesson. During classtime, these students might use Khan Academy on your available computers. For student who are furthest behind, Khan Academy can be a great option to rebuild fundamentals, and provide you as the teacher a snapshot into their learning gaps so that there can be targeted intervention at another time. For students who are far ahead, it is a good way to allow them to continue racing ahead. Data reports allow you to see how your students are using that time.
Another way to leverage limited resources is to rotate students through the computers that are available, when the rest of the class might be working on other activities.
Available technology: Limited access to a computer lab
While in the lab, allowing students the freedom to explore might be a good option if it's a very limited time. If you know there are specific lessons that could help students build foundational knowledge, assigning exercises or videos works as well.
Some teachers leverage the Energy Points report while students are in the lab as a game. Some keep up this graph the entire time to see what the average is during the lab time. One game called "Rocket Run" was created by a teacher in Los Altos School District who would divide the class in two. One half would work on the same exercise for one minute while the other half of the class would watch. Then they'd wait for the graph to clear and the sides would switch. Students really engaged and would get a little competitive too.
With classrooms strapped for resources, we know it's tough to provide the technology. Here are a few ideas teachers have shared with us on augmenting their technology.
Local libraries and afterschool programs sometimes offer technology resources to students for free. These might be leveraged for students without access at home.
BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)
Some schools are in a position to implement a BYOD policy (bring your own device), where students can leverage their own phones, tablets and laptops to supplement technology resources provided by the school.
If your school is looking for donation programs, check out organizations like DonorsChoose, or more generally, grants, foundations and corporate donation programs, which are popular among teachers.
School fundraisers are still a good fallback for local community fundraising. Tal Sztainer even pooled funds from his friends and family to supply a few computers for his classroom. See how his implementation evolved in this video, and check out his advice on getting tech into a classroom. ترتیب علائم ظهور کرونا
به گزارش وبلاگ همصحبت، درک ترتیب علائم ویروس در چرخه های همپوشانی بیماری ها مفید است همانطور که در فصل های آینده با دو اپیدمی آنفولانزا و کرونا روبرو خواهیم شد.
دانشمندان دانشگاه کالیفرنیای جنوبی آمریکا دریافتند که علائم کرونا با نظم تعیینی ظاهر می شوند. اکتشافی که می تواند به تشخیص زودتر و معالجه بیماران بی شماری کمک کند.
باب لاهیتا، دکتر و استاد پزشکی این دانشگاه، گفت: در این مطالعه 55 هزار بیمار از کشور چین را بررسی کردیم که علائم آن ها فرایند تعیینی را طی کرده بود که اثباتی برای نظم و فرایند تعیین علائم بیماران کرونایی است.
به احتمال زیاد ترتیب علائم شامل تب، سپس سرفه و درد عضلانی، به دنبال آن حالت تهوع یا استفراغ و در آخر اسهال است؛ سه نشانه اول کرونا، تب، سرفه و درد های عضلانی ممکن است به ترتیب ظهور نکند و همزمان هر سه علامت را احساس کنید و بعد از آن فرد دچار حالت تهوع و به دنبال آن اسهال می شود.
همه بیماران مجموعه علائم یکسانی را تجربه نمی کنند، اما یافته های جدید نشان می دهد که چگونه کووید 19 با سایر بیماری های شناخته شده تفاوت دارد. در حالی که تب و سرفه علائم تعدادی از بیماری های دیگر مانند آنفولانزا نیز هستند، در این مطالعه ذکر شده است که زمان شروع این علائم و علائم بعدی گوارشی، تفاوت مبتلایان به این ویروس است.
پیتر کوهان، دانشمند دانشگاه کالیفرنیا گفت: درک ترتیب علائم ویروس در چرخه های همپوشانی بیماری ها مفید است همانطور که در فصل های آینده با دو اپیدمی آنفولانزا و کرونا روبرو خواهیم شد.
او ادامه داد: با این اکتشاف پزشکان می توانند تشخیص دهند که بیمار را چگونه معالجه کنند و از وخیم شدن حال بیمار جلوگیری کنند؛ این اطلاعات بسیار مهم است و همچنین این علائم نشان می دهد شما به کرونا مبتلا شده اید.منبع: فرادید What is a pathfinder?
Have you ever wanted to know more about a topic, but had no idea where to start? The internet provides a lot of information, but it can be difficult to sort fact from fiction. Whether you’re researching a paper or just want to satisfy your curiosity, a pathfinder might be a good place to start.
A pathfinder is a list of reliable resources about a specific topic.
The library will be closed on Thanksgiving, but this list of websites will provide plenty of information about turkey day!
There are two pathfinders on this page. The first one is designed for kids. Please scroll down for the pathfinder for teens and adults.
Thanksgiving Pathfinder for Kids
Can you answer these five questions about the first Thanksgiving?
1. Who was there?
2. What did they eat?
3. Why did they get together?
4. When was it (year)?
5. Where was it (state)?
Check out this site for the answers!
How do we know what the first Thanksgiving was really like? Take a look at these sites for more information about the history of this holiday.
Do you ever wonder what they ate on the first Thanksgiving? This site gives you an idea of what the menu must have been like back in 1621.
This interactive site gives you a chance to be a historian and research the first Thanksgiving!
Learn about daily life during the 1600s at this site.
Fun Thanksgiving Activities
Here’s a Thanksgiving themed treat from Taste of Home magazine that you can make yourself.
Try some of these games to liven up Thanksgiving dinner!
Thanksgiving Pathfinder for Teens and Adults
This is a very informative site that has videos, such as one about the history of the Mayflower and another with the history of pumpkin pie. There is a section that contains Thanksgiving facts and a list of recommended articles. The site also contains links to other historic times.
The site lists the top ten family Thanksgiving traditions and gives some facts about each. You can vote for your favorite, but the site does want you to sign in to do so. Thanksgiving books and movies are also listed.
Do something different and share stories between the generations at your Thanksgiving table. This site contains 50 conversation topics to get your started.
This site lists a variety of appetizers, side dishes, turkey and stuffing recipes and a collection of the classic sweet potato casserole. There are several pie recipes along with other types of “Thanksgiving” desserts, including directions for the easy- to- put- together Pilgrim Hat Cookies. All recipes are rated.
Cost saving tips for your Thanksgiving meal.
The site includes a history index from the start of the National Football League in 1920. Also has a section of football “firsts” in the History News Archive.
Plan ahead for next year and grow your own vegetables for your Thanksgiving table.
Lists the possible seeds the Pilgrims brought to their new country that they grew and served at their first Thanksgiving. CPU sınırlarının altında çalıştığında yüksek performans için daha yüksek clock hızına çıkarılabilir.
12. AES mevcut
Intel Xeon E5-4650L
75%'inde var
AES şifreleme ve şifre çözme hızını artırmakta kullanılır.
13. Hiper-işlev teknolojisi kullanır
Intel Xeon E5-4650L
56%'inde var
Çoğu Intel işlemcisi Hiper-işlev kullanır ve böylece işlemcinin her çekirdeği aynı anda iki işlevi gerçekleştirebilir, çoğu işlemci gibi aynı anda tek işlevi değil. Bu, belli uygulamalarda gözle görülür performans kazanacağınız anlamına gelir.
14. Dinamik frekans ölçeklendirmesi var
Intel Xeon E5-4650L
91%'inde var
Dinamik frekans ölçeklendirmesi işlemcinin güç tasarruf etmesini ve hafif yüklerde gürültüsüz çalışmasını sağlayan teknolojidir.
15. Donanım-destekli sanallaştırmayı destekler
Intel Xeon E5-4650L
91%'inde var
Eğer sanallaştırma donanım destekli ise kullanıldığında daha iyi performans elde etmek daha kolaydır. George Orwell, pseudonimo di Eric Arthur Blair, si spegneva in un ospedale
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洋性气候,所以这里的冬天比莫斯科温暖,夏天也不会太热,只是因为纬度太高,这里会有白夜现象。
这是俄罗斯最欧化的城市,其实它与芬兰就是一湾之隔,坐火车到芬兰也不过是三个小时,它是俄罗斯的第二大城市,城市的大小虽然与莫斯科没法比,但500万的人口在俄罗斯已经算是稀有。
虽然临海,但因为芬兰湾海水温度太低,除了鲑鱼,这里几乎看不到虾蟹贝壳等等海鲜,但老天是公平的,在缺乏海鲜的这片海域下却埋藏着世界上85%以上储量的琥珀,在圣彼得堡,你随处可以见到卖琥珀的店,当然,资源对于俄罗斯人来说,那是绝对的NO1,他们曾经自豪的说,啥也不用做,只用卖资源,我们可以养活我们的人民500年,这并非胡说,俄罗斯确实是能源大国,这包括了丰富的石油,天然气,各种矿产和一望无际的森林资源。
追溯历史,18世纪,彼得大帝首先在涅瓦河三角洲的兔子岛上修建了彼得保罗要塞,驻重兵把守,这里一直是俄罗斯的海军重地,所以俄罗斯的海军总部也设在圣彼得堡。还有一种说法,这个地方是俄罗斯从瑞典人手里抢过来的,无论如何,城市并没有被战争所毁,而是越来越漂亮,这是让人欣慰的。
圣彼得堡的历史当然不会如此简单,1712年,俄罗斯将首都从莫斯科迁到圣彼得堡,直到1918年才重新搬回莫斯科,200多年间,这里作为俄罗斯的政治中心,得到长足的发展,同时城市还被数次更名,从圣彼得堡改为彼得格勒,1924年列宁逝世后,为了纪念列宁,城市再次改名为列宁格勒,直到1991年,政府才重新让它恢复旧名——圣彼得堡,如果你曾经看到过以上诸多的名字,没错,其它们都是同一个城市。
我们圣彼得堡站的导游是圣彼得堡大学的一位女博士,小姑娘来自河北,与充满自豪的莫斯科大学的研究生导游一样,他们对自己的母校都有着由衷的热爱,而且莫大和圣大的第一之争有点类似我们的清华和北大,比起诺奖得主,圣大有8位,稍微少了点,但是他们有赫赫有名的门捷列夫,这哥们发现了元素周期表,就是你在中学化学里必背的那一款,而且,普京和梅德韦杰夫都毕业于圣大,圣彼得堡也是他们俩的家乡,这无疑又给这所学校增加了很重要的砝码。
导游笑着说:俄罗斯人是“穷横穷横的”。她的意思是说,即时不富裕,这也是个不爱低头绝对不会轻易为5斗米折腰的民族,确实,在接头巷尾的迎面走来,他们不同于澳大利亚人,脸上会有亲切的笑容,俄罗斯人的表情是严肃的,是不喜欢被开玩笑的,但是他们有着自己的原则,比如再快的车,开到你的面前,他也绝对会让你先行,而且他们并不认为这有什么了不起,让完你之后,他们依然会表情严肃的开走,几乎不露一丝笑容。正是这样硬骨头倔强绝不投降的性格让他们顶住了德国纳粹疯狂的进攻,哪怕几乎弹尽粮绝,也不开城迎敌。
1941年二战打响,德军首先想进攻的俄罗斯第一站就是圣彼得堡,因为可以由此控制住波罗的海,所以这里被迫成为了俄罗斯抗击德军最主要的战场之一,那时候它的名字叫列宁格勒。
在众所周知的列宁格勒战役里,圣彼得堡人与俄罗斯军队一起坚守了900天,过程异常惨烈,尸横遍野,能抬枪的男人们几乎都去了战场,至后来,已经没有男劳力城市里,女人们开始抬担架,做重体力劳动,最终这座200万人的城市损失了100多万人,其中有40万人是活活饿死的。大家用生命死死守住了这座城市。
我最喜欢的交响乐之一,肖斯塔科维奇的《列宁格勒交响曲》就是为二战而写,当时德军兵临城下,肖用了很短的时间便把曲子写成了,然后四处寻找活下来的演奏家,演奏的时候,当时的苏联用了全城广播,已经到了绝望边缘的人们走上街头一起聆听了整部曲子,这就是俄罗斯人,他们对艺术的追求是来自骨子里的,而且他们也有从骨子里透出来的那股劲,就是:你若犯我,我必定与你拼到最后一滴血的那股刚毅倔强。
可以想象,二战如果没有前苏联军队的牵制,也许历史已经被改写,因为当时已经几乎无人能阻止希特勒进攻的步伐。至此,我完全能够理解俄罗斯人的骄傲,他们确实有资本的。
圣彼得堡的十二月党人广场上塑着彼得大帝的铜像,底座是40吨重的一整块花岗石,在花岗石底座上面刻着“叶卡捷林娜二世纪念彼得大帝一世于1782年8月”,这是俄罗斯历史上最伟大的两位君主之间的一次对话。
铜塑中,彼得大帝所骑的马双脚高高腾起,表达了彼得大帝要冲破一切阻力勇往直前的决心,马掌下有一条被踏死了的大蛇,代表了彼得能消灭一切敌人,就是在圣彼得堡这片沼泽地上,彼得大帝确实用自己的实际行动建起了一座美丽的城市,并迁都于此,把落后、封建、贫穷的俄罗斯带向了强大和繁荣。（彩龙社区 作者浅若） If you are using your manual mode, you need to understand the relationship between aperture settings and shutter speeds.
Aperture settings, known as f-stops, are found on the lens barrel. Have a look at these close-up pictures of the lens barrel (above) and shutter-speed dial (below) from an older, manual film camera. On this lens, f/2.8 is the largest aperture and f/32 the smallest. Each change in f-stop setting halves/doubles the light reaching the camera sensor (although the aperture's actual size depends on the lens).
The numbers on the shutter-speed dial are the speeds available on this camera: from one second to 1/4,000th of a second. A slow shutter speed will blur movement; a fast shutter speed will freeze action. Each change doubles/halves the shutter speed, and its effect on exposure is equal to each change in f-stop.
So each time you adjust the shutter-speed dial, you'll need to adjust the aperture setting to compensate. If you want to use a slower shutter speed (moving from 1/250th of a second to 1/30th, for example), you will need to move three steps along the aperture scale (from 4 to 11) to ensure the same amount of light reaches the camera's sensor. If you want to freeze the action, the opposite applies.
The ISO settings (left) also double or half the exposure value. So all three variables – ISO, aperture and shutter speed – relate to each other. Baskı Detayları
|Yazar Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon||
Julius Pollux
Julius Pollux
Uluslararası Dijital Yayıncılık Forumu (ePub, “ipab” olarak telaffuz edilir), Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon adlı kitabın Dijital Yayınları Tartışma Forumu ile bağlantılı olarak oluşturulan extension.epub ile birlikte, çeşitlerin elektronik yayınlanması için bir düzendir. Düzen, dijital dergiyi tek bir dosyaya dağıtır ve yayınlar, bu da elektronik yayınlar ePub ile uygun yazılım ve donanımın yanı sıra Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon içindeki diğer birkaç dergiyi kullanmayı mümkün kılar. Normal bir kitap Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon. EPub HTML 5'i ifade eder, stil oldukça karmaşıktır, ancak kolayca indirebilirsiniz. İki sistem - bu, HTML 5'i destekleyen minimum miktardır ve aslında, birbirine uymaz (iBooks ve Android), ayrıca HTML'nin bir kısmını destekleyen çok sayıda eski telefonun yanı sıra limitleri ve yanlışlıkları. EPub'ın sınırlamaları arasında - yazarın Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon adlı kitabının Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon küçük HTML belgelerine bölünmesi gerekecektir. Büyük belgeler içeren cihazlar kolay çalışmayabilir. Julius Pollux etkileşimli medya nesneleri ve dönüştürücü öğelerinin yenilenmiş tasarımı kolayca korunmaz. Epub ayrıca html verilerinin yanı sıra, içerikte kullanılan öğeleri içeren bir metin mesajına da sahiptir - grafikler, stiller, el yazmaları, yazı tipleri. Tüm bunları Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon Julius Pollux kitabında ücretsiz olarak indirebilirsiniz. HTML, CSS, vb. İçin belirli "ekler" veya "kısıtlamalar" Epub belirtmez. İnternet çok fazla dinamik içerik barındırıyor ve pek çok kitabın içeriği değişiyor ya da bozuluyor. Sitemizde, Julius Pollux yazarının Pollux, J: Iulli Pollucis Onomasticon kitabı orijinal, saf haliyle sunulmaktadır. Epub düzeni basitlik, üretilebilirlik, açıklık ve ayrı DRM bakımıdır. Bu stil, Poll
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رد شرکتهای دولتی نگاه میکنند، از آنچه که خارج از اختیارات مدیران این شرکت ها بوده و موجب اتخاذ تصمیمهایی شده که از انتظارات فاصله داشته است، آگاه میشوند که ادبیات مشترکی هم شکل می گیرد؛ بنابراین شخص پرسشگر و پاسخگو، وقتی به فضای مشترک در حوزه عملکردها برسند، آن فضای پرسشگری و پاسخگویی، فضای شفاف تر و با آگاهی بیشتری خواهد بود که کمک می کند سوال ها واضح تر مطرح شده و پاسخ ها هم قطعا موثرتر خواهد بود. نوروزیان درباره اطلاعات موجود در صورتهای مالی شرکتهای دولتی، بیان داشت: صورتهای مالی، نشاندهنده نتایج عملکرد یک شرکت در طی سال است؛ تراز نامه، سود و زیان و گردش وجوه نقد در صورتهای مالی نشان میدهد که یک سال فعالیت شرکت منجر شده چقدر درآمد داشت و چقدر برای رسیدن به آن درآمد هزینه صرف شده است و میزان حقوق و مزایای پرسنل و مدیران را نشان میدهد. وی افزود: در کل مجموع اطلاعاتی است که از داخل عملکرد شرکت به دست می آید و ما باید مدنظر داشت باشیم در شرکتهای دولتی، مفهوم و چارچوب بودجه را نباید فراموش کنیم، برای فعالیت یک سال شرکتهای دولتی، بودجه ای را پیش بینی می کنیم و انتظار داریم که آن بودجه که بر اساس برنامه سالانه در نظر گرفته شده، در انتهای سال محقق شود. برای یک شرکت، میزان هزینه، درآمد و سود و بعضا زیان هایی در نظر گرفته می شود و در نهایت دولت از فعالیت آن شرکت دولتی، هدفی را دنبال میکند که در آن بودجه پیش بینی شده است؛ وقتی صورتهای مالی شرکتی را ارزیابی میکنید در نهایت میتوانید به این برسید که آیا سرفصل های پیش بینی شده محقق شده یا انحراف دارد و این انحراف آیا مثبت است یا منفی و می توان دلایل را در آن صورت های مالی دید، در نهایت چکیده عملکرد شرکت در طول سال در قالب سرفصل های مالی، خودش را نشان می دهد؛ مثلا داراییها و بدهیها و حقوق صاحبان سهام از این فعالیت سالانه چقدر تاثیر گرفته است و بر اساس آن میزان سرمایه گذاری های یک شرکت را هم میتوانید ببینید و موضوعات مختلفی را در قالب سرفصل ها می توان ملاحظه کرد. معاون مدیرکل امور شرکتهای دولتی وزارت اقتصاد ادامه داد: نحوه ارائه صورتهای مالی که بر اساس استانداردهای حسابداری باید ارائه شود، در مطالعه گزارش حسابرس، این را هم به ما نشان خواهد داد که آیا آن نمایش عملکرد شرکت در قالب صورتهای مالی، در چارچوب صحیح و آنچه که استاندارد گفته صورت پذیرفته است یا نه؟ یعنی در یک بخش تصویر عملکرد شرکت را در صورت های مالی می بینید و یکی هم در گزارش حسابرس می بینید که آیا اطلاعات درست است یا نه و افشای لازم صورت پذیرفته است یا نه؛ اینها موضوعاتی است که از صورت های مالی قابل دسترس است. بنابراین قبل از هر چیزی کسی که می خواهد صورت های مالی شرکت های دولتی را مطالعه کند باید از علم و اصول اولیه مالی و حسابداری اگاهی داشته باشد. نوروزیان در پاسخ به این سوال که صورتهای مالی کدام شرکتهای دولتی مهم است، گفت: شفافیت در صورت های مالی به معنی است که هر آنچه که در طول سال در یک شرکت اتفاق افتاده، در قالب سرفصل های مالی افشا شده باشد و در نهایت به نتیجه ای که به آن سود یا زیان عملکرد می گوییم رسیده باشد؛ در اینجا کار حسابرس است که مشخص کند یک شرکت، اطلاعات را درست و کامل ثبت کرده است یا نه، که اگر حسابرس به اظهار نظر مقبول رسیده باشد، نشان می دهد که آن صورت مالی، کامل ترین اطلاعات را به نحو درستی دربر گرفته است و نظر حسابرس تعیین کننده است که این صورتهای مالی به لحاظ نحوه ارائه عملکرد شرکت در طی یک سال، دارای چه کیفیتی است؛ حسابرس اظهار نظر مقبول، مشروط، مردود و عدم اظهار نظر را دارد و این اظهار نظرها است که تعیین کننده میزان شفافیت صورت های مالی است. وی افزود: بنابراین هر شرکتی که با اظهار نظر مقبول حسابرس مواجه باشد، می توان گفت که آن صورت های مالی دارای شفافیت در بالاترین سطح است و در اظهار نظر مشروط هم محدودیت هایی وجود دارد که اساسی نیست و یا ممکن است عدم رعایت در اجرای استانداردها در صورت های مالی وجود داشته باشد. وی در پاسخ به این سوال که وظیفه دولت، دیوان محاسبات و رسانهها در خصوص صورتهای مالی شرکتهای دولتی چیست، اظهار داشت: دولت وظیفه خودش را در قالب مجمع عمومی شرکتهای دولتی انجام می دهد؛ به عبارت دیگر دولت در سطح اول در شرکتهای اصلی مادرتخصصی در قالب مجمع عمومی، هر ساله عملکرد شرکت های را بررسی بر اساس آن تصمیم گیری میکند و اگر لازم باشد از مدیران شرکتها پیگیری های لازم خواسته و اگر لازم باشد جابهجایی مدیران هم اتفاق می افتد. وی ادامه داد: دیوان محاسبات هم به همین شکل عمل می کند و اگر حسابرس در گزارشات خودش به عدم رعایت قوانین و مقررات اشاره کرده باشد، یک نسخه این گزارش توسط هیات عالی نظارت حسابرسی، به دیوان محاسبات فرستاده شده و دیوان هم این گزارش را بررسی و اگر لازم باشد مدیران را برای ارائه توضیحات دعوت می کند. نوروزیان افزود: بنابراین دول
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کل گرفته می گويد: بافتهای اصلی حيات در زمين پيدا و آغاز نشده، بلکه از فضای دور دست آمده. ماده ارگانيک که روی خاکستر (يا غـبار) بين سيارات نشسته بوده به اتمسفر وارد شده و بزمين افتاده. و يا شايد ستاره ای از ستاره های دنباله دار ماده ارگانيسمی اوليه را از فضا با خود به زمين رسانده باشد.
محل پيدايش حيات در قرآن
« به آنها بگو: برويد در زمين و ببينيد خدا چگـونه حيات را آغاز کرد. به همان سادگی نيز در مرتبه عاليتری حيات آخرت را ايجاد خواهد نمود»!
نکات آيه:
1ـــ حيات در زمين آغاز شده:
عناصر لازم برای ايجاد بافتهای اصلی حيات اوليه روی زمين در مردابهای آتشفـشانی و موارد مشابه آن وجود داشته است. هر چند تحولات جوی نیز در آن نقش داشته بوده باشد.
2ـــ آغاز حيات قابل شناخت است:
انسان فعلا بافتها و عناصر اصلی ساده ترين شکل حيات را شناخته است.
آيه در پاسخ به کسانی است که می گويند روز قـيامت زنده نخواهند شد. قرآن در پاسخ به آنها از آنها می خواهد که بروند و ببينند که حيات چگونه آغاز شـده، (1400 سال پيش گفته "برويد ببينيد حيات چگونه آغاز شده")!. و همانگونه که فعلاً آنرا ايجاد نموده، به همان سادگی نيز آنرا در آخرت ايجاد خواهد نمود.
(حرف ثـُـمَّ در آيه برای بيان "رتبه، رده، و مدار بالاتر و عالـيـتـر" است که از معانی آنست).
حـيـات اولـيـه
«و اين خدا بود که موجود بی ريش و پشمی را در آب آفريد، مدت کوتاهی بعد خلقـت آنرا نـَسَبی (يعنی: از خود آن) و از طريق جفت گيری قرار داد».
« بَـشَـر» در آيه به مـعـنی: موجود بی مو و ريش و پشم و پولک است که از جمله معانی آن است. ( و به انسان به اعتبار «بی ريش و پشم» بودن وی نسبت به ساير مـوجودات بَـشَـر اطلاق شـده است). بَـشَـر در آيه به معـنی: « لخت» نيز می تواند باشد که از معانی آن است.
«صَـهْـر» در اصل به معنی: گداخـتن و ذوب نمودن و پيوند خوردن است. در وزنهای ديگر به معنی: داماد شدن و پيوند محرميت خوردن با کسی و مفاهيمی در اين زمينه بکار رفـته است. و صِـهْـرْ به معنی: گداختگی ـــ داماد ــ شوهر خواهر ـــ پيوند محرميت، پيوند زناشوئی و مفاهيمی از اين قبيل است. و در آيه به معنی: جفـت گيری و آميزش دو جنس مخالف بکار گرفته شده که از معانی آن است.
مِـنْ به معنی «در» است که از معانی آن است. مانند: اذا نـودی لـلصّلاة مِـنْ يوم الجمعه (جمعه 9) که «مِـنْ» در آيه به معنی « فی يوم الجمعه» است.
نکات آيه:
1ـــ اولين موجود زنده موجود بی ريش و پشم (لخت) بوده است. پس از مدت کوتاهی از آفرينش آن، آفرينش آن بطور نَسَبی (يعنی: از طريق تکثير يابی خود آن) و از طريق جفت گيری صورت گرفته:
بر اساس شناختی که امروز انسان از حيات دارد، ابـتـدائی تـريـن شکـل حـيات يک مـولکول لخت بـوده است. ابتدا خود را تکثير می کرده و بعد به دو جفت نر و ماده تکامل پيدا کرده و جفـت گيری صـورت گـرفـتـه است. چـيـزی که انسان به آن رسيده چيزی بهتر و بيشتر از آنچه آيه توصيف کرده و گفـته در برندارد.
2ـــ هنوز هم حيات به شکل تکثير موجود زنده وجود دارد:
فـعـل جَـعْــل به معنی « قرار دادن» بر اسـتمـرار دلالت دارد. وقتی آيه می گويد: آفرينش آن موجود اوليه را بطور نـَسَـبی و صهری « قرار داد»، به اين معنی است که "هر دو حالت (نـَسَـبی و صهری) همچنان ادامه دارد". يعنی امروزه "تکثير شدن" نيز مانند "جفـت گيری کردن" وجود دارد.
امروزه نيز تک ياختگان نخستين همچنان به توليد مثل از طريق تقسيم شدن ادامه می دهند. يک ارگانيسم ساده تک سلولی مثل آميب خود را به دو قسمت تقسيم ميکند.
در آمدن جانـوران از آب
«خدا هر جانوری را (يعنی: همه جانـوران را) در آب آفريد. بنابر اين آن که رویِ شـکـم خـود راه می رود از آنهاست (از آنها آمده)، و آنکه روی دوپا راه می رود از آنهاست (از آنها آمده)، و آنکه روی چهار پا راه می رود از آنهاست (از آنها آمده). خدا هر چه را بخواهد می آفريند».
(وقـتی واژه «کُـلّ» بر سر واژه نکره بيايـد بر تماميت نوع آن دلالت می کند. مانند: نـَظـّـفـتُ کُـلّ بـيتٍ = هر خانه ای را تميز کردم، (که به معنی: "همه خانه ها را تميز کردم" می باشد). بنابر اين قـاعـده عـبارتِ «کُـلّ دابّـةٍ = هر جانوری» به معنی «هـمه جانوران» است. و مِـنْ در «مِـن ماء» به معنی «در» است که از معانی آن است. مانند: « إِذَا نُودِیَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ ... = هرگاه در روز جمعه برای نماز فراخوان داده شد، بـيدرنگ برای پرستش خداوند بشتابيد»، که «مِــنْ يَـوم الجمعة» به معنی: فـی يَـوم الجمعة اسـت. و مِـنْ در «فـَمِـنـْهُـم» و در «مِـنـْهُـم» ها برای تبعـيض است، (يعنی: برای جداسازی است. به این معنی که واژه «مِـن» نیز به سهم خود معنیِ جدا شدنِ "آنـکـه روی شکم راه می رود و آنکه روی دوپا راه می رود و آنکه روی چهار پا راه می رود" از حيوانات دريائی، را به جمله می دهد).
نکـات آيـه:
1ــ همه جانوران در آب آفريده شده اند. آنهائی که روی شـکـم يـا روی دو
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buy virtual buildings, vehicles and parks. Results have been promising, with teachers reporting a marked improvement in student engagement.
''It's really trying to cultivate and target specific traits we want to see in students and provide a healthier way of giving them feedback,'' Lee says. ''In other words, being able to solve problems, being able to win and providing greater reflection upon the necessary ingredients to achieve academic success.''
Yet challenges remain for the widespread use of gamification, says a German game designer, Sebastian Deterding. In a recent Google Tech Talk, he outlined three ingredients often missing from gamified systems: meaning, mastery and autonomy. That is, good games should connect deeply with players, create a sense of progression and give people the freedom to explore ideas.
A co-director of the Centre for Research on Computer Supported Learning and Cognition at the University of Sydney, Professor Michael Jacobson, says one of the biggest issues facing classroom technology in general is the lack of relevant educational content.
He says the value of virtual worlds such as Quest Atlantis (Indiana University) and River City (Harvard) is that they link directly to what students need to learn and act as an anchor for syllabus material.
''There's an assumption that just being in these games will make you automatically learn - like you'll feel hot by being by a fire - but the research shows that's clearly not the case,'' Jacobson says.
Ultimately, Lee says game-like learning is just one more step towards blurring the line between formal and informal learning. ''Education is facing very serious problems and we need to move away from one-size-fits-all learning,'' he says. ''Gamification is no silver bullet … but education can learn a lot from games and what games do well.''
This reporter is on Twitter: @johnstonmegan 我们的思想当中科学和迷信总是对立的。
在我们的潜意识里这都是约定俗成的，张口就来:科学是对的；而迷信则是错误的，蛊惑人心的。那我们就来看看科学和迷信的历史。
科学是什么呢？科学是一种特殊的实践过程。从实践的目的上看，科学是获得最可靠知识的方法、过程和途径。通过科学获得的知识被称为科学知识。科学知识并不是真理，而是真理的近似。科学知识在科学中不断被修正，是科学世界的常态。所以，在科学世界里，并不存在颠古不破的真理，只有越来越可靠的科学知识。
其实说多了无用，稍微动一下脑筋，就可以知道，中国的这些传统文化不尽是糟粕，而是中国勤劳的古代人民经过了数千年而总结出来的。对我们中国的以前生活产生过巨大的影响，并且对之后还是会产生巨大影响的。
就像上帝无法证明一样， “最”、“最可靠”也是无法定义的，所以，【科学是获得最可靠知识的方法、过程和途径】这句话并不是科学的“定义”，而是人类根据自牛顿以来，近三百年在追求可靠知识的过程中的得失成败，所进行的经验总结和抽象的概括，而形成的一个普遍共识，是人类为了达成“获得最可靠知识”这个目标所形成的一个等同于信任。
人类从未放弃过，虽然艰难也必须前进着，因为不走就代表着人类科学停滞不前，这对于人类的未来其实是一种毁灭性的打击。
虽然人们已经了解了很多东西，但是更多未知依然包裹着我们，就好像在万千星球当中，地球是渺小的一颗而已。因此出现科学不能解释的事情，其实非常的正常，但绝对不是说那就是科学的尽头。
只是说在那一个时期，人类还没有相应的科学理论，给这种现象以阐释，但是再给人们一段时间，或许这样的谜团就被解开了。历史上这样的故事有很多，只要人类在发展，很多事情就不攻自破。
如果确定了这个前题，这个问题自然就有了答案——科学的前头还是科学，是永无尽头的科学。但是这仍然令不少人困惑，“无头无绪”、“无尽无止”，难道真没有个头。我想恐怕就是这样。“大爆炸”宇宙说出来后，科学界觉得找到了宇宙的起源，甚至设想了宇宙的终结。但是很快他们发现了“大爆炸”的致命缺陷，出现了不能解释的更多的新问题，于是又提出了多维时空、多层宇宙等。说好听是对“大爆炸”的补充完善，其实是“修补”。“大爆炸”是咋回事要什么时候才能证实不知道，接着还要再证实新设想，就是这些全都可以证实，可以肯定的是又会发现新的问题，必须接着研究，这确实是“没完没了”的。回到题目：是谁在这个没有尽头的地方傻等着，它等什么呢？
学生探索书系：你不可不知的宇宙探索百科·科学知识·动物世界百科·史前动物百科（套装共4册） Ho un forte odore proveniente dal mio vicino “accaparratore” al piano di sopra. Sta filtrando attraverso una colonna di cartongesso che ospita un condotto di ventilazione in metallo (nell’angolo dell’armadio della mia camera da letto).
Sto pensando di aprire la colonna in cartongesso, inserire una mensola in compensato, isolare la mensola e l’interno della colonna e poi riempire lo spazio sopra la mensola (tra il muro a secco e il fusto metallico) con 20 libbre di assorbente degli odori carbone.
È un approccio ragionevole? Quale sarebbe il materiale migliore per isolare il muro a secco dall’odore: sigillante in schiuma, vernice impermeabile o qualcos’altro?
Risposta 1, autorità 100%
Questo condotto di ventilazione nel tuo armadio ha un’apertura nella tua stanza?
Il metodo più efficace per ridurre questo odore sarebbe identificare prima eventuali perdite d’aria nella parete condivisa. L’isolamento farà molto poco rispetto alla sigillatura. Le perdite sono probabilmente la ragione per cui riesci a sentire l’odore all’inizio poiché gli odori non dovrebbero davvero essere in grado di penetrare nelle superfici solide. Le fonti più comuni di intercapedini d’aria sono intorno alle prese elettriche, al battiscopa dove il muro incontra il pavimento e alle prese di ventilazione. Questi spazi d’aria possono essere sigillati facilmente con mastice siliconico.
Ho bisogno di una descrizione più dettagliata di cosa sta succedendo esattamente a questo condotto nel tuo armadio. È puramente per la circolazione di scarico/aria, riscaldamento o raffreddamento? Con quanta facilità riesci a sentire i rumori provenienti dal domicilio del tuo vicino? Potrebbero esserci seri problemi nella tua casa che potrebbero non essere correlati alle abitudini di vita del tuo vicino.Potresti avere un animale morto o una muffa nascosta da qualche parte. Non farei assolutamente nulla che hai suggerito nella tua domanda iniziale. Si prega di fornire maggiori dettagli! IMF：中国去年广义赤字率约10%
50%和10%，这两个数字是国际货币基金组织(IMF)对中国财政状况的最新“化验结果”。 5月29日，在结束与中国第四条款磋商讨论后，IMF在其声明中指出，如果将地方政府融资平台包括在内，中国的广义政府债务估计已增加到GDP的近50%，相应的广义财政赤字在2012年约为GDP的10%。 IMF第一副总裁大卫·利普顿(David Lipton)在接受《第一财经日报》记者专访时表示，IMF认为“50%的债务是可以的，但10%的财政赤字需要降下来，从而不让这50%的债务过快增长”。 财政赤字是财政支出大于财政收入而形成的差额。赤字率是指财政赤字占GDP的比重，是衡量财政风险的一个重要指标。如果说政府债务是“存量”，那么赤字就是“流量”。根据中国官方的数据，2012年的财政赤字占GDP比重为1.5%左右。 “这是我们第一次汇总中国的广义债务与财政赤字。我们得到了中国政府的完全支持，他们对我们关注这一新的概念表示了认可。”利普顿在接受本报专访时表示。 如果说广义政府债务占GDP比例达50%还不足以令人惊讶的话，那么相应的2012年财政赤字占GDP比例高达10%恐怕会让很多人感到不可思议。因为耳熟能详的国际“警戒线”是，政府债务占GDP比例不应超过60%，而财政赤字则不超过3%。 为什么中国包含地方政府债务在内的政府债务比例未达到国际警戒线，但财政赤字却高达10%？这是不是一个危险水平？ “这个数据有一些特别之处。”利普顿对本报解释道，通常所说的60%的债务比例和3%的赤字水平主要适用于那些特定增速的经济体(例如欧元区)。但中国的经济增速要快得多，尽管债务增加，但经济增速更快的话，赤字率就会更高。另一方面，在中国这10%的赤字中，有一部分并不是通过债务融资，而是通过资产出让形成的，所以不是所有的赤字都会增加债务。 但一个更重要的问题是，中国的政府债务是否会因此上升到危险水平？利普顿表示：“回答这个问题的关键是，在这10%的财政赤字中，有多少会留下来增加到债务中去。” 利普顿告诉本报，如果要做这样的可持续性分析，需要考虑到很多因素：“这些财政赤字中有多少会增加债务？有多少不会增加债务？在不会增加债务的那部分里，多少是通过土地出让获得的？通过土地出让的部分在多久后可能增加债务？中国经济又会增长多快(分母扩大的速度多快)？” 另一方面，也要看一下多少赤字会增加收入。“基础建设支出是当前中国财政赤字的一部分，就可能增加财政收入。” 利普顿坦言，IMF目前还未进行这样的分析，但IMF的观点是，“50%的债务是可以的，但10%的赤字需要降下来，从而不让这50%的债务过快增长。”IMF在声明中称，“尽管这一赤字的一部分是由土地出让来融资的，并且增扩概念下的债务仍处在完全可控的水平上，但在中期内必须逐步降低赤字，以确保债务状况稳健和可持续。” 这一方面的重要工作包括，继续实施税收改革，对地方政府财政进行全面的重新调整，根据支出需要重新配置资源，以及改革地
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，而是我们不得不竭尽所能资源有限，”布鲁克斯说。 İslam Dinine Göre Kadınların Yüzük Kullanımındaki Hususlar Mumsema Dinimize göre, kadınların ve erkeklerin takı ve aksesuar kullanımındaki hususları az çok hepimiz biliyoruz fakat geçtiğimiz günlerde kadınların yüzük kullanmasıyla ilgili bir cümleye rastladım ve aklıma takıldı çünkü ilk kez duymuştum. Şöyle ki:
İslam'a göre, kadınlar için yüzük dışındaki takılar (kolye, küpe, bilezik vs.) konusunda herhangi bir kısıtlama yoktur fakat kadınların altın ve gümüş yüzük dışında yüzük kullanması caiz değildir.
Bu yargı doğru mudur, yüzük konusunda böyle bir kısıtlama var mıdır? 《百年中国史话》：正在社会主义现代化道路上跨入新世纪的中国人民，当然不应该也不会忘记过去的岁月，不应该也不会忘记自己曾经经历过的任人宰割的痛苦和屈辱，奋起反抗的失败与胜利，学习西方的经验与教训，建设现代化国家的成功与挫折。这是我们前进的起点，也是我们前进的动力。今天的青少年，是未来世纪建设国家的主力军。建设的重任，要求他们多懂一点中国近百年的历史。这就是这套丛书的编写缘起。我们组织了中国社会科学院内外的专家学者，写出了大体上反映近代中国历史进程的九十多本小书。中国社会科学院还组织学者编写了一套《中华文明史话》丛书，它是向青少年朋友讲述中国古代历史的。希望这两套丛书能相互配合，成为我国未来建设者的好读物。
《百年中国史话》这套丛书，当然不能囊括一切，但尽可能注意到各个方面，尽可能全面地、立体地反映自1840年雅片战争以后直到1949年中华人民共和国成立的110年间，也就是半殖民半封建社会的旧中国的历史。这是中国历史的昨天。发生在昨天的许多故事，是值得我们永远记取的。 In 1947, when Republicans took control of Congress for the first time since the Great Depression, they immediately set out to weaken unions. The bill they drafted provoked sharp condemnation from Democrats: Adam Clayton Powell Jr., the first Black congressman elected in New York, compared it to slave labor and said it could “just as easily have been introduced in the Reichstag in the days of Nazism at its worst.”
The next day, the House passed the bill with overwhelming support from Republicans and Southern Democrats. The Senate quickly passed its own version. President Harry Truman vetoed it, calling it a “shocking piece of legislation.” But it became law when the Senate joined the House in overriding his veto.
The law, known as Taft-Hartley, after its Republican lead sponsors, read like a wish list from the corporations who’d helped write it in response to a wave of strikes seeking higher wages. Among many other attacks on labor, it gave companies the “free speech” rights they now use to force employees to attend anti-union propaganda sessions; banned secondary boycotts, in which unions refused to work with companies whose workers were on strike; and allowed states to pass right-to-work laws, which deprive unions of dues from any workers who don’t want to pay in.
At its core, the law was a repudiation of the landmark National Labor Relations Act that Congress had passed in 1935 to encourage collective bargaining. In the 73 years since, no major pro-union legislation has replaced it. Had no immigration laws been passed since the 1940s, Western Europeans would still be given priority access to the country and Asians would be banned outright from becoming citizens. Without civil rights legislation since then, segregation would still be legal under federal law. Looked at from that perspective, it’s not so surprising that Amazon managed to crush a union drive in Bessemer, Alabama.
But now, after a string of Democratic presidents over the decades with strained relationships with organized labor, there’s a self-proclaimed “union guy” in the White House. A bill that would undo much of Taft-Hartley (and go much further) passed the House in March. The Protecting the Right to Organize Act (PRO Act) has 47 supporters in the Senate, up from 42 in the last Congress. It almost certainly won’t become law in its entirety as long as the filibuster exists, but it may be possible to enact some of its provisions through the budget reconciliation process, which requires only a bare majority. After three-quarters of a century of frustration for unions, labor is finally getting closer to receiving a boost from Congress.
When Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office in 1933, the rights of workers trying to organize were severely limited under federal law. The result was that only about one in 10 workers belonged to one. After the National Labor Relations Act guaranteed workers the right to strike and boycott, banned unfair labor practices such as firing union activists, and established the National Labor Relations Board to adjudicate disputes, unionization rates exploded to about 25 percent by the start of World War II, then hit an all-time high of 33 percent by the end of the war. (The NLRA excluded agricultural and domestic workers to gain the support of Southern Democrats who didn’t want Black workers to unionize.)
Once the Allies won, union leaders were no longer beholden to the wartime pledge they’d made not to strike. In November 1945, roughly 225,000 General Motors workers struck for 113 days to demand a 30 percent wage increase amid booming profits at major corporations. The next year, 4.6 million workers went on strike—one in every seven workers in the country, an inconceivable figure today. Strikers employed in major production industries won raises of 18.5 cents per hour, about $2.50 an hour in today’s dollars. But the strikes, along with rising inflation, appeared to prompt a backlash among voters.
In the 1946 midterm elections, Republicans picked up 55 seats in the House and 13 seats in the Senate, enough for solid majorities in both chambers. Three weeks after taking office, the new Congress started holding hearings on what to do about unions. Rep. Fred Hartley, a New Jersey Republican, introduced his labor bill in April.
The law allowed states to let workers opt out of paying anything to the unions that negotiated their collective bargaining agreements. (Twenty-eight states now have one of these “right-to-work” laws, which have been linked to lower wages and benefits for workers in and out of unions.) Another section banned foremen and other supervisors from unionizing—blocking millions of people, many of whom lack real managerial authority, from joining unions.
Meanwhile, employers were given additional tools for crushing these newly hamstrung unionization efforts. Union leaders had to pledge that they were not communists, a not-insignificant restriction at a time when party members had influential roles in many unions. And corporations were given the free-speech rights that now make it possible for companies like Amazon to force employees to attend anti-union meetings on company time.
Richard Nixon, a first-term California congressman elected on a record of stolen valor and red-baiting, helped make the closing argument for the bill with characteristic dishonesty. It was high time, he said, for Congress to pass a labor bill that was in “the best interests of all the people” instead of being merely “class legislation.”
After it passed the House, Robert Taft, the son of former President William Howard Taft, was responsible for getting the bill through the Senate. A country-club Republican—his wife would later joke that his church was Burning Tree, a club in the Maryland suburbs of Washington that excludes women to this day—he positioned himself as the moderate counterpart to Hartley. He seduced the Washington press corps with a semblance of statesmanship by tweaking and removing a few of the more extreme provisions of Hartley’s bill. Major papers covered the Senate version as a reasonable compromise, even though it was largely identical to what the House passed.
Thirty-five thousand members of the American Federation of Labor, followed by 60,000 members of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, packed Madison Square Garden in back-to-back rallies to push Truman to veto Taft-Hartley. Truman issued his veto two weeks later but was quickly overridden by Congress.
Bettmann / Getty
Martin Jay Levitt, who had worked as a consultant t0 companies seeking to stop union drives, wrote in his 1993 memoir Confessions of a Union Buster that Taft-Hartley attacked “unions on almost every front.” He added,“Management always had the upper hand, of course; they had never lost it. But thanks to Taft-Hartley, the bosses could once again wage their war with near impunity.”
Even when Democrats took full control of government, no law came around to replace Taft-Hartley. Not under Lyndon Johnson, who voted for Taft-Hartley in the House and whose Great Society initiatives expanded many areas of the New Deal but did not restore power to unions. And not under Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, or Barack Obama. The result—spurred on by additional factors like globalization, deregulation, and increasingly sophisticated anti-union campaigns—is a private-sector unionization rate of 6.3 percent, even though unions remain broadly popular.
The PRO Act would undo key parts of Taft-Hartley by ending right-to-work laws and blocking companies from intimidating workers into voting against unionization with tools like captive audience meetings. But it does more than take the country back to 1946. Employers who fire workers for organizing would face significant financial consequences. Today, they only have to provide back pay minus what the employee earned elsewhere, or even could have earned, after getting fired illegally.
The law would also prevent companies from redefining who gets to vote in union elections. This seemingly minor distinction can be crucial to efforts to defeat union drives. In Bessemer, Amazon raised the bar for organizers to win a majority by successfully pushing for the election to cover nearly 6,000 people, including temporary and seasonal workers, instead of the roughly 1,500 workers the Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union initially wanted to unionize. When unions win elections, companies would be forced into arbitration if they don’t accept a collective bargaining agreement within 90 days of negotiating. (More than half of unions don’t have a contract one year after winning an election.)
For now, the PRO Act looks stuck. It won’t get a vote on the Senate floor until all Democrats get behind it. There are three holdouts: Mark Kelly and Kyrsten Sinema of Arizona, and Mark Warner of Virginia. And even if they sign on, there won’t be enough votes to overcome a Republican filibuster. But it may still be possible to enact some parts of the bill through reconciliation with a simple majority vote, such as financial penalties for companies that violate labor law.
There’s reason for unions to be optimistic about where Democrats are headed, after decades of tension. The president of of the International Association of Machinists mockingly called President Carter, who invoked a provision of Taft-Hartley to end a coal strike, the “best Republican president since Herbert Hoover.” Clinton backed NAFTA, which was strongly opposed by unions. Obama pushed through yet another free trade agreement opposed by labor before Donald Trump pulled the United States out of it.
Biden, on the other hand, went off script during his address to Congress last week to name-check the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. A few minutes later, he called on Congress to pass the PRO Act. Seven decades after Taft-Hartley, a Democratic president was finally pushing for a change.
This article has been updated to correct the number of Senate seats won by Republican candidates in the 1946 national elections. The Xantus's Hummingbird (Hylocharis xantusii) was first collected by Hungarian naturalist John Xántus de Vesey in 1859 and described by George Lawrence (Lawrence 1860), who named it in honor of Xántus. It is a stocky, medium-sized hummingbird with a white postocular-stripe contrasting strongly with a broad, blackish auricular mask; cinnamon belly; mostly rufous tail; and a straight bill. Lamb (Lamb 1925a: 90) described this hummingbird as having a "gentle disposition."
Xantus's Hummingbird is endemic to central and southern Baja California, Mexico, but vagrants have been reported in southern California and British Columbia. Although it is an endemic species with a restricted range, it is fairly common within its range. It can be found in open montane forest, clearings, brushy hillsides, canyons, second growth, gardens, orchards, and arid montane scrub, often near fresh water.
Little is known about the biology and ecology of the Xantus's Hummingbird. A few early studies described the appearance and plumage of the species from various seasons and localities (Bryant 1889, Brewster 1902b, Ridgway 1916); Grinnell (Grinnell 1928b) summarized the distributional records of the time. Lamb's (Lamb 1925a) study provided key information on aspects of behavior, nest-site location, diet, habitat preferences, and especially the breeding of the species. More recently, Arriaga et al. (Arriaga et al. 1990) examined the ecological relationship between the Xantus's Hummingbird and an ericaceous madrone tree (Arbutus peninsularis) that grows on hillsides and canyons of the pine-oak forest and is endemic to Baja California.
The migratory tendencies of the Xantus's Hummingbird are not well known; breeding has been documented in different months for different latitudes. Although nests of the species have been found and a few have even been briefly monitored, descriptions of the actual nest cycle and of the young are lacking. As with other hummingbirds, breeding activities probably vary with the availability of nectar resources, but this has not been directly examined in Xantus's Hummingbird. There are some descriptions of the plants it uses for nec-tar sources, including an endemic madrone that appears to require the hummingbird for pollination (Arriaga et al. 1990). No detailed studies are available, however, measuring mutualisms or coevolutionary interactions between Xantus's Hummingbird and any of its potential nectar resources. Much remains to be learned about the biology of this striking species. به گزارش یاهو، این پیرمرد در حال عبور از ریل راه آهن در غرب هند بوده که راننده قطار و دستیارش متوجه او روی ریل می شوند و ت
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. در صورت عدم دسترسی به آب و صابون، از محلول حاوی الکل برای ضدعفونی دستها استفاده کنیم
- تا حد امکان از هر گونه سفر غیرضروری بپرهیزیم
- بجز برای انجام کارهای بسیار ضروری از منزل خارج نشویم و در خانه بمانیم
- اگر در خانه ما کسی به عفونت با ویروس کرونا مبتلا شد، باید اتاق نگهداری از وی و تا حد امکان، همه وسایل مورد استفاده او از دیگران جدا شود
- در همه حال از استفاده مشترک از وسایلی مانند لیوان و حوله اجتناب کنیم Düşünme bir ya da daha fazla duyu organının bir konu üzerinde yoğunlaşması ile olur. Sonra o, beyne iletilir ve sonra o konu ile ilgili bilgiye bağlanır. Önceki bilgi ile değerlendirmeden sonra düşünme süreci gerçekleşir.
Düşünce için gerekli bileşenler şöyle ifade edilebilir: Konu ya da konuya malzeme olan şey, duyular, beyin ve önceki bilgi. Bunlardan birisi yoksa, fikir olamaz. Bu süreci bir Japonca kitabı ele alarak açıklayabiliriz. Japonca okumayı bilen bir kimse eline bu dilde yazılmış bir kitap almış olsun. O kimse Japonca'nın grameri, harfleri hakkında bilgi sahibi olmasaydı, kitabın muhtevasından hiçbir şey elde edemeyecekti. Konu olan kitapta, görme duyusunun yöneldiği harfler ve beyne gönderilecek imgeler var ancak, öncel bir bilgi olmazsa kitap hakkında bilgi elde edebilmek mümkün olmaz.Günümüzde insanlar birbirlerinden bilgi elde ediyorlar. Fakat ilk insan bilgiyi nasıl elde etti? Yüce Allah, şöyle buyuruyor Hz. Adem hakkında: "Hatırla ki Rabbin meleklere: Ben yeryüzünde bir halife yaratacağım, dedi. Onlar: Bizler hamdinle seni tesbih ve seni takdis edip dururken, yeryüzünde fesat çıkaracak, orada kan dökecek insanı mı halife kılıyorsun? dediler. Allah da onlara: Sizin bilemeyeceğinizi herhalde ben bilirim, dedi. Allah Adem'e bütün isimleri, öğretti. Sonra onları önce meleklere arzedip: Eğer siz sözünüzde sadık iseniz, şunların isimlerini bana bildirin, dedi."(Bakara 2/30-31) yani evrenin yaratıcısı ilk insana Adem'e her şeyi isimlendirmeyi öğretti. Günümüzde Batı'da bilim adamları ve bilginler, zihnin ve bileşenlerinin ne olduğu konusunda net bir düşünceye sahip değiller. Bu nedenle Times dergisinde ya da dokümanter özelliği sahip yayınlarda, TVlerde, merak eden, tartışan ya da zihin hakkında fikir yürüten yazarları görmek mümkün. Batı 14. Yüzyılda İtalya'da başlayan ve 16. Yüzyılda zirvesine ulaşan entelektüel ve sanat alanındaki rönesansı ve kökenlerin 14. Yüzyıla dayanan fakat etkin bir şekilde kendisini 16 yüzyılda hissettiren Katolik Kilisesi'nin doktrin ve ibadetlerinde bir yenilik hareketi olan reformasyonu ve 18. Yüzyılda sanayi devrimini yaptıktan sonra, dünya aklın rolü konusunda bir değişim geçirdi. Bilim dünyayı bize tasvir eder ancak arkasındaki amacı izah edemez. Bilim ve akıl geniş, uzun fakat derin değildir. Üçüncü boyut önemlidir. Dünyayı sadece bilim gözüyle görenler tek gözle dünyaya bakan adam gibidirler. Özellikle İ. Kant (1724-1804) Aydınlanma felsefesinin ahlak ve din için önemli bir problem yarattığının farkındaydı Bu noktada Kant bilimsel diye nitelenen bu akla, dine ve inanca kapı açmak için sınır koymayı gerekli gördü. Bu noktada Kant cevaplayamayacağımız soruların olduğunu vurguladı. Özellikle Tanrının varlığı, insanın özgür iradesi ve insanın ölümsüz bir ruhu olup olmadığı meselesinde sorularımızın cevapsız kalacağını söyledi. Çünkü ona göre bilgimiz sınırlıdır. Aklımız belli katagoriler çerçevesinde çalışmaktadır. Bu katagoriler aklımızın sınırlarını belirlemektedir. İnsan evreni sadece bilimin verileriyle anlamaya çalışırsa, geniş bir bilgi birikimi ile çaba içine girmiş olur fakat evrenin varlık nedeninin kavramaktan uzak düşer. Arabayı güzel bir biçimde kullanabilir ama yön belli değildir. Bilim insana araçsal imkanlar sağlayabilir ancak bunlar insanın sadece beşeri yönüne rehberlik ederler(yeme, içme, barınma vb..) bunları yatay seyir olarak tanımlayabiliriz. Bundan yola çıkarak bilimin dikey seyri (insani yücelme)hedeflemediğini söyleyebiliriz. Zaten hedeflese yarı yolda kalacaktır. Yatay ve dikey bilgi boyutlarını meczedebilen insan ancak doğruyu bulabilir. Bundan bilimin verilerin kale almaya gerek yok anlamı çıkarılmamalı. Evren hakkında düşünmeye teşvik eden ayet-i kerimeler dikkate alındığında, din ile bilim arasında hedef farklılığı göz ardı edilmeksizin her iki bilgi de dünya ve ahiret için kullanılmalıdır. Akıl doğru kullanıldığında onun varlık nedenine uygun olarak insanoğlunun dikey hareketliliğine yol göstericilik yapar. mantık ve hak olan birlikte hareket etmelidir. Mantığı olmayan başarılı olamaz. Doğruyu bilmeyenin doğru düşünmesi de mümkün olmaz. Mesela Aydınlanma aklını eleştiren Frankfurt Okulunun önemli düşünürlerinden Max Horkheımer aklın tanımlanmasının güçlüğüne dikkat çekerek aklın fonksiyonlarından hereket ederek şu şekilde tanımlanabileceğini belirtmektedir. "Akla uygun şeyler yararlı şeylerdir. Makul insan da kendisine neyin yararlı olduğunu bilen insandır."55 Bu tanım "fıkıh" kelimesine tekabul etmektedir denilebilir. Fıkh, kişinin kendi lehine ve aleyhine olanı bilmesi şeklinde tanımlandığı gibi, görünen gerçeklerden yola çıkarak görünmeyen gerçekleri kavramak olarak da tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca Kur’ânın fayda ve zarara yüklediği anlam da farklıdır. Fıkh kavramından yola çıkarsak, Kur’ân havanın sıcaklığını bahane ederek savaş için sefere çıkmaktan geri duranları cehennemin, sıcağının daha şiddetli olduğunu hatırlatarak uyarmakta ve "keşke fıkhetselerdi" ifadesini kullanmaktadır. Burada havanın sıcaklığı gerçeğinden (görünen gerçeklikten) cehennemin sıcağı (görünmeyen gerçekliğe)na vurgu yapışmakta bunu idrâk etmk de fıkhetmek olarak ortaya konulmaktadır. Kur’ân fıkhetmeyi (tefakkuh), aklın sadece bir fonksiyonu olarak ele almaktadır. Bu konudaki örnekler çoğaltılabilir. Ancak bilgiyi salt bir düşünme eyleminin sonucu olarak algılamak "cogito ergo sum"(düşünüyorum o halde varım) diyen Fransız matematikçi ve filozof Dekart'ın (1596-1650) girdiği çıkmaza götürür. O, insan düşüncesini mantık ve bireysel bilinç düzeyine indirir. Modern rasyonalist eğilim bütün gerçekleri onu anlama konusundaki sınırlılığına rağmen tanımlamaya çalışır. Özet olarak söylemek gerekirse, Aydınlanma ile birlikte sistemleştirilmeye çalışılan gerek rasyonalizmin, gerek kutsalı olmayan; seküler dünya görüşlerinin, gerekse felsefî sistemlerin tanımladığı akıl ile Kur’ânın ortaya koyduğu akıl oldukça farklılık arz etmektedir. "Rasyonalistler Allah'a inanmakla birlikte günlük hayatı belirleyen bir ilâhî irade kavramını kabul etmiyorlardı. İnsanın doğa üstü bir ışığa ihtiyacı olmadığını söylüyorlardı. " Aklın zihne indirgenmesi aslında hayattaki bölünme ve parçalanmanın da bir uzantısıydı. Felsefe, ahlâk, sanat, siyaset ve din birbirinden ayrılmıştı. Aslında "Akıl" mı "Vahiy" mi ayrımı daha şiddetli bir biçimde tam bu aşamada ortaya çıkıyordu. Her ne kadar aklı yüceltiyor görünse de Aydınlanma aklı sadece zihne indirgeyerek alanını daraltmaya çalışırken farkında olmadan aklı da güçten düşürmüştür. Aydınlanma değerlerden soyutladığı bilimsel aklı yüceltmeye çalışmakla aklı tek bir boyuta hapsetmiştir. Oysa Kur’ân’ın tanımladığı akıl ne salt intellecte hasredilmiş bir akıldır, ne de salt sezgi, duyum vesaireye hasredilmiş bir akıldır. Akıl sadece zihne indirgenirse duyuların insanın hayata bakışına etkisi de yok sayılmış olur. Çünkü âlemde zihni aşan şeyler de bulunmaktadır. Kur’ân ne materyalist/pozitivistlerin intellecte mahkum ettiği akıldan yanadır; ne de ruhbanların daima emre amade kıldıkları akıldan yana. Kur’ânın tanımladığı akıl, insanın bütün varlığını kuşatan bir akıldır. Akıl insanı hakikate bağlar. O nedenle insanın en soylu kısmıdır. Kur'an-ı Kerim, zarara uğrayanların aklını kullanmayanlar olduğunu söyler (Yunus 10/100). Va la ya'kilun ya da va la yafkahun tabirleri aklın faal bir şekilde kullanımının önemini ortaya koyar. Vahiy akıl için rehberlik edici ve düzenleyici bir role sahiptir. Akıl kişisel bilinç seviyesinde tutkulardan beri değildir. O, insanı ilahi hakikatten alıkoyan bir araç haline de gelebilir.Komünistler, aklı tanımlamada doğruya çok yaklaştıklarını söyleyebiliriz. Onlar aklın, şeyin beyindeki yansıması olduğ
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کیلومتر از هتل فاصله دارد.
جزایر نخلی جمیرا مکان مناسبی برای مسافرین علاقمند به استراحت، ساحل و خرید برند های لوکس می باشد.
امکانات :
بیرونی: استخر روباز
فعالیت ها: ساحل
اینترنت: رایگان! وای فای در تمام قسمت های هتل بدون هیچ هزینه ای موجود است.
پارکینگ: رایگان! پارکینگ رایگان خصوصی در محل امکان پذیر است(نیازی به رزرو نیست.)
عمومی: آسانسور، تهویه مطبوع
*هتل آپارتمان کیز پلیس -پالم ویوز بیچ استادیو دبی را در شبکه های اجتماعی به اشتراک بگذارید : PhD programına katılabilmek için öğrencilerin genelde yüksek lisans derecesi tamamlamış olmaları istenmektedir. Ek olarak, orjinal akademik araştırmayı içeren bir tez yada bilimsel inceleme program sonunda istenmektedir. Bazı ülkelerde bu bilimsel incelemenin bir panel önünde savunulması istenmektedir.
Tarihinin Doktora eski yanı dünyanın yakın tarihi olarak en fazla bilgi elde etmek için sağlar. Size daha iyi tarihsel olaylar anlamak sağlar, aynı zamanda belirli bir tarihsel olaylar bugün ve yarın dünyada yaşayan insanların hayatlarını nasıl etkileyeceğini göstermek sadece.
Büyük Britanya ve yaygın İngiltere ve İngiltere olarak bilinen Kuzey İrlanda, Amerika Birleşik Krallık Avrupa kıtasının kuzey-batı kıyılarında bulunan bir egemen devlettir.Iki en ünlü (ve eski) üniversiteler İngiltere de (özellikle Imperial College, Londra Ekonomi Okulu, University College London birkaç dahil olmak üzere, birçok dünya standartlarında kurumlar vardır (genellikle birçok İngilizler tarafından Oxford ve Cambridge üniversiteleri olarak anılacaktır) Oxford ve Cambridge olan Londra ve King 's College London, bütün) Londra Üniversitesi bir parçasıdır
Yarı zamanlı PhD içinde Tarih Greater London Birleşik Krallık'ta
Bölüm kültürel ve dilsel konularda geniş bir yelpazede araştırma ve tez tarafından Lisans ve Doktora derecelerini denetlemek mümkün. Müstakbel araştırma öğrencileri mevcut personeli isimleri karşı gösterilen bu konular kendi seçtikleri (lisansüstü öğrencileri geçenlerde Japon sinema, Kabuki metinleri, modern Japon dilbilim ve edebiyat, Meiji dahil bir dizi konu üzerinde çalışıyoruz sınırlamak için kısıtlı hissetmemeniz gerekir tarihsel metinler, Kore dilbilim ve edebiyat, Kore sömürge ve on sekizinci yüzyıl geçmiş). Araştırma MPhil de üstlenmiş ve doktora düzeyinde edebi, belgesel ve SOAS mevcut ve ayrıca Japonya ve Kore'de saha sırasında toplanan arşiv malzemesi dayanmaktadır. [+]
Bazı tezler İngilizce ve diğer Avrupa dillerinde malzemeler üzerinde ağırlıklı olarak dayanmasına rağmen, SOAS de tarihin bir araştırma derecesi alarak önemli bir avantaj Okul birçok Afrika ve Asya dillerinde öğretim sağlayabilir olmasıdır. Böyle talimat gerektiren öğrenciler başvuru sırasında bunu söylemeyi ve bir teklif aldıktan sonra mümkün olduğunca erken muhtemel denetçiler ile düzenlemeleri görüşmek için tavsiye edilir. [+] Eklemeli (Eklentili) Diller Terimi Hakkında Bilgiler
Arkeoloji Terimi Olarak Eklemeli (Eklentili) Diller:
Sözcüklerin kökenlerini etkilemeden, önek, sonek ya da ara ek katılması. Bu terim, çekimli ya da ayrışkan olmayan dilleri ifade eder. Eklemeli dillerin en tanınmışları Altay dilleridir. Bu dillerin en önemli örnekleri Türkçe ve Moğolca'dır. Fakat bu aileye Japonca ve Macarca gibi birbirinden çok uzak bölgelerde konuşulan diller de dahil edilebilir. (Osmanlıca=İltisaki diller).
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Perdah Tekniği (Lüster): Perdah tekniği çini ve keramik alanında bir sır üstü çalışmasıdır. Kap istenen renkte sırla sırlanıp fırınlandıktan sonra perdah adı verilen madde ile
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Kasnak: Bir mimari yapıda kubbenin oturduğu ve yapının üslubuna, türüne göre çokgen yada yuvarlak olan kaide.
Paraskenion: Hellen tiyatrosunda sahnenin iki yanındaki kanatlara verilen ad.
Buluntu: (İng. Find): Arkeolojik kazılardan elde edilen insan elinden çıkma, taşınabilir eşyalara verilen isimdir. Seramik parçaları, heykeller, metal eşyalar
Dikilitaş: Üzerine şekiller ya da yazılar oyulmuş ve dikey olarak yerleştirilmiş anıt-taşlara verilen ad. (İng. Obelisk)
Antonius: Octavianus (Augustus) ile Roma'yı yöneten ve M.Ö. 30 yılında kendini yılan sokturarak öldüren Mısır kraliçesi Kleopatra'nın ünlü sevgilisi.
Panteizm: Tanrı'nın her şeyde, ve her şeyin Tanrı'da olduğunu savunan inanca verilen ad. Mısır ve Yunan dinlerinin dünya görüşüne yakından benzeyen bu inanç, M. Corrotta dalle bieche lusinghe di un'arcidiavolessa desiderosa di sedersi al comando delle terre devastate di Drakmoria, la famiglia Rubilex si è estraniata dal conflitto intercorso durante gli anni del dominio Zaibrash ed ora, riorganizzatasi, ha intenzione di lottare per conquistare ciò che resta di Drakenoor.
Korayn Rubilex: (Umano Murderon War14 CM): Korayn fu il primo a stabilire un contatto con Akhrozah, l'arcidiavola, e fu il primo ad essere caduto vittima ei suoi poteri. Tuttavia la creatura abissale ha premiato la fedeltà di Korayn conferendogli dei poteri demoniaci. Korayn comanda la famiglia insieme al fratello Shalamar da quando il padre dei due morì nel corso della prima battaglia contro i Von Caster.
Shalamar Rubilex (Umano Murderon Ldr5/Grr2/Ass5 NM): Shalamar è profondamente contrario all'intervento di Akhrozah nelle faccende di Drakenoor, ma non ha sufficiente potere per impedire al fratello una tale pericolosa unione. Shalamar comanda un gruppo di assassini scelti tra le vie di Drakenoor e li usa per estorcere informazioni e compiere omicidi.
Akhrozah: (Diavolo della fossa 22, DV): Akhrozah, in assoluto segreto dei mortali con cui si è alleata, e dovuta sfuggire all'ira del tiranno del suo piano demoniaco dopo che fu scoperto un complotto ai danni del demone ordito dalla stessa Akhrozah. Dopo aver stabilito contatti con i Rubilex di Drakenoor, Akhrozah sogna di aprire un portale sulla città e consegnarla ai diavoli del suo piano di origine acchè vedano il dono come un chiaro cenno della supremazia di Akhrozah sul loro tiranno.
Vedi anche: Politica di Drakmoria 性欲亢进宜对其基础疾病加以诊治和控制。
性欲亢进主要表现为性欲特别旺盛，不分场合、时间和对象均有性交要求。临床上真性性欲亢进并不多见，主要有核型47XYY者常表现为性欲极度亢进和色情狂，可应用抗雄激素治疗如：色普龙以及LHRH抑制剂如：抑那通、诺雷德等而获控制。多数所谓性欲亢进者系性知识缺乏而误认，因此，必须细致地分析原因，耐心地解释疑虑，善意地作出正确引导，适当辅以镇静药物，若性激素水平增高则可服用雌激素及抗雄激素等治疗。此外，一些脑肿瘤，性腺轴病变致性激素分泌过多或靶组织对雄激素过敏者也可出现性欲亢进。
性欲亢进病症因概要：
性欲亢进病由两方面引起的：由于使用某些药物或某些细胞被破坏等由体因性；另外是由于人们的某些病症，如强迫症，或具有潜意识心里变态的人等由心因性。
性欲亢进病症细解析：
性欲亢进的病因：引起色情狂的原因可分为体因性和心因性两类。前者包括颞叶病变、脑梅毒、使用大麻叶或可卡因过量，大量使用睾丸酮等。女性患肾上腺肿瘤或卵巢肿瘤时，有时出现色情狂。心因性者可见于某些强迫症、躁狂症、精神分裂症及偏执性精神病，也可见于并无精神疾病，但具有潜意识心理变态的人。
青春期后，体内荷尔蒙大量分泌，性欲亢进。这个时期人的性欲达到最高峰值，而控制力却处于低谷。高峰期过后，性欲呈现递减趋势，取而代之的是，勃起需要一定的时间。造成性欲驱动的睾丸素的分泌量减少。研究人员发现，三十岁以后，睾丸素分泌开始下降，每月性欲呈现规律性的起伏，当进入五六十岁时，睾丸素大量减少。据专家介绍，二十多岁，平均每周性交4～5次，三十多岁，2～4次，五十多岁1～2次，大约有2/3的人在六十岁以后和1/2超过七十岁的人仍然保留着性生活。保持健康的性生活，可使身心保持轻松愉快，更加年轻，更加精神焕发。
男子在年轻时，性欲亢进反应能持续一定的时间。比如，达到性高潮后，可以维持几分钟乃至更长时间的勃起。然而，三四十岁的人几乎在性高潮之后，立刻变得松软。五十多岁的人，需要一定的辅助方法才能达到性唤起和性高潮。性交的力度和强度大大减弱，射精的力量减小，精液量也不如从前，性亢奋的强度水平也大幅度降低。
对
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apında insanlar 8 Mart'ı kadınlar için özel bir gün olarak kutluyor. Dünya Kadınlar Günü protest bir tavır mıydı? Kadınlar Günü'nün nasıl doğduğu ve neden bugünün kutlandığı merak ediliyor. Peki, Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır? 8 Mart Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı? Dünya Kadınlar Günü önemi ne? İşte Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihçesi!
Dünya çapında 8 Mart, Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak tüm coğrafyalarda farklı şekillerde kutlanıyor. Bu özel günün nasıl ortaya çıktığı, bir protesto mu yoksa sadece bir kutlamadan mı ibaret olduğu pek çok kişinin merak ettiği konuların başında geliyor. Peki, Kadınlar Günü neden kutlanır? 8 Mart Kadınlar Günü nasıl ortaya çıktı? Dünya Kadınlar Günü önemi ne? İşte Dünya Kadınlar Günü tarihçesi!
KADINLAR GÜNÜ NASIL ORTAYA ÇIKTI?
Birleşmiş Milletler tarafından tanınan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, işçi hareketinden doğdu. Bu özel günün ilk tohumları, 1908'de, 15.000 kadının daha kısa çalışma saatleri, daha iyi ücret ve oy hakkı talebiyle New York'ta yürüdüğü zaman atıldı. Bir yıl sonra, Amerika Sosyalist Partisi ilk Ulusal Kadınlar Günü'nü ilan etti.
Uluslararası bir günün yaratılmasını öneren, komünist bir aktivist ve kadın hakları savunucusu Clara Zetkin'di. Fikrini 1910'da Kopenhag'da düzenlenen Uluslararası Emekçi Kadınlar Konferansı'na sundu ve oradaki 17 ülkeden 100 kadın oybirliğiyle kabul etti.
Dünya Kadınlar Günü ilk olarak 1911'de Avusturya, Danimarka, Almanya ve İsviçre'de kutlandı. Yüzüncü yıl 2011'de kutlandı, dolayısıyla bu yıl 111'incisini kutluyoruz.
1975'te Birleşmiş Milletler günü kutlamaya başladığında işler resmiyet kazandı. Benimsenen ilk tema (1996'da) "Geçmişi Kutlamak, Geleceği Planlamak" idi.
Uluslararası Kadınlar Günü, kadınların toplumda, siyasette ve ekonomide ne kadar ilerlediğini kutlamak için bir tarih haline gelirken, günümüzde devam eden eşitsizlik konusunda farkındalığı artırmak için grevler ve protestolar düzenleniyor.
DÜNYA KADINLAR GÜNÜ NEDEN 8 MART'TA KUTLANIYOR?
8 Mart 1857 tarihinde ABD'nin New York kentinde 40.000 dokuma işçisi daha iyi çalışma koşulları istemiyle bir tekstil fabrikasında greve başladı. Ancak polisin işçilere saldırması ve işçilerin fabrikaya kilitlenmesi, arkasından da çıkan yangında işçilerin fabrika önünde kurulan barikatlardan kaçamaması sonucunda çoğu kadın 129 işçi can verdi. İşçilerin cenaze törenine 100 bini aşkın kişi katıldı.
26 – 27 Ağustos 1910 tarihinde Danimarka'nın Kopenhag kentinde 2. Enternasyonale bağlı kadınlar toplantısında (Uluslararası Sosyalist Kadınlar Konferansı) Almanya Sosyal Demokrat Partisi önderlerinden Clara Zetkin, 8 Mart 1857 tarihindeki tekstil fabrikası yangınında ölen kadın işçiler anısına 8 Martın Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanması önerisini getirdi ve öneri oybirliğiyle kabul edildi.
İlk yıllarda belli bir tarih saptanmamıştı ve değişen tarihlerde fakat her zaman ilkbaharda kutlanıyordu. Tarihin 8 Mart olarak saptanışı 1921de Moskova'da gerçekleştirilen 3. Uluslararası Kadınlar Konferansında gerçekleşti. Birinci ve İkinci Dünya Savaşı yılları arasında bazı ülkelerde kutlanması yasaklanan Dünya Kadınlar Günü, 1960lı yılların sonunda Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde de kutlanmaya başlanmasıyla daha güçlü bir şekilde gündeme geldi. Birleşmiş Milletler Genel Kurulu, 16 Aralık 1977 tarihinde 8 Martın Dünya Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanmasını kabul etti. Birleşmiş Milletlerin sitesinde günün tarihine ilişkin bölümde, kutlamanın New York'ta ölen işçilerin anısına yapıldığının yazılmamıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE KADINLAR GÜNÜ
Türkiye'de 1921 tarihinde 8 Mart Dünya Emekçi Kadınlar Günü olarak kutlanmaya başlandı. 1980 darbesi döneminde dört yıl kutlama yapılmadı. 1984'ten itibaren her geçen gün daha da geniş kitlelerle kutlanmaya devam ediliyor.
KADINLAR GÜNÜ NASIL KUTLANIYOR?
Dünya Kadınlar Günü, birçok ülkede ulusal bir bayramdır.
Çin'de, Devlet Konseyi'nin tavsiyesi üzerine, 8 Mart'ta birçok kadına yarım gün iş izni veriliyor.
İtalya'da Dünya Kadınlar Günü veya la Festa della Donna, mimoza çiçeklerinin verilmesiyle kutlanır. Bu geleneğin kökeni belirsizdir, ancak İkinci Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra Roma'da başladığına inanılmaktadır.
ABD'de Mart ayı "Women's History Month' olarak kutlanıyor. Her yıl yayınlanan bir başkanlık bildirisi, Amerikalı kadınların başarılarını onurlandırıyor.
BM 2022 DÜNYA KADINLAR GÜNÜ TEMASI NE?
BM, 2022 temasını "Sürdürülebilir bir yarın için bugünden cinsiyet eşitliği" olarak açıkladı. Etkinlikleri, dünyanın dört bir yanındaki kadınların iklim değişikliğine nasıl tepki verdiğini tanıyacak.
Ama bunun yanında başka temalar da var. "Kadınlar için olumlu değişim yaratmaya yardımcı olacak bir platform sağlamak" için tasarlandığını söyleyen Dünya Kadınlar Günü web sitesi, #BreakTheBias temasını seçti. Site, insanlardan "önyargı, klişe ve ayrımcılıktan arınmış bir dünya" hayal etmelerini istiyor. Railroads and Manifest Destiny.
Posted on February 24, by Scott Alexander Attitude 1 says that patients know what they want but not necessarily how to get it, and psychiatrists are there to advise them. This is nice and straightforward and tends to make patients very happy.
Attitude 2 says that people are complicated. This is not straightforward and requires some justification, so let me give a few cases where Attitude 2 seems to me obviously Modified essay questions in psychiatry.
A mother brings her 6 year old son to the doctor, complaining that he gets nauseous every morning. She wants the doctor to prescribe an anti-nausea pill.
The doctor probes further and finds the kid only gets nauseous on school days. In fact, he only gets nauseous on school days when he has a particular gym class. The doctor asks the kid if there are any problems in that gym class, and the kid is reluctant to say anything.
After a while, he finally admits there is a bully in that class. The mother calls the school, and the school takes care of the bully. After that the kid is no longer nauseous in the mornings.
A woman goes to a plastic surgeon asking him to fix her nose, which she insists is hideously deformed. The plastic surgeon thinks the nose looks perfectly normal and asks her to be cleared by a psychiatrist before surgery.
The psychiatrist diagnoses the woman with body dysmorphic disorder, a delusional belief that one of their body parts is unbearably ugly. He suggests she get psychotherapy instead. After several years of psychotherapy, the woman learns not to worry so much about her nose.
A woman goes to her doctor asking him how to taper off her birth control pills. The doctor is surprised at this request because he knows she is planning to break up with her boyfriend. The woman says that this is true, but she wants a child as a way to remember the relationship.
The doctor refers her to therapy for her anxiety, and she is able to sort through her conflicting feelings about leaving her boyfriend.
She chooses to stay on her birth control. The doctor recommends therapy for OCD. The doctor knows him well, and remembers that he has been admitted five times in the past six months, each time after a life crisis, and that the patient has never actually attempted suicide and never even planned how he might do it.
The doctor suggests that the man is using the psych hospital as an emotional crutch, and that instead of threatening suicide and going to the hospital whenever he is upset, he needs to learn more adaptive coping mechanisms.
Attitude 1 would have been the wrong choice in these five situations. If the surgeon had just given the woman the nose job she wanted, she would have been dissatisfied with the surgery and wanted it changed again.
If the third doctor had just told the woman how to get off birth control like she wanted, she might have had a baby for the wrong reasons and regretted it later, leading to heartache all around. If the fourth doctor had just given the man an antipsychotic, he would have unnecessarily exposed him to a potentially life-long course of very strong medication.
If the fifth doctor had admitted the man to the hospital, he would be using up scarce resources and discouraging the man from learning better coping strategies.Turnitin provides instructors with the tools to prevent plagiarism, engage students in the writing process, and provide personalized feedback.
Lifting the Veil An Investigative History of the United States Pathocracy. Researched and Written by Timothy M.
Silver “I know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in America. The Editorial Committee of Australasian Psychiatry hopes to engage trainees by providing practice Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) and providing some guidance as to how best to answer these questions. These questions also serve as a good refresher for established clinicians.
The practice question. The Editorial Committee of Australasian Psychiatry hopes to engage trainees by providing practice Modified Essay Questions (MEQ) and providing some guidance as to how best to answer these questions.
Modified Essay Questions (MEQ’s) have become more challenging in recent exams, as they are marked at the level of Junior Consultant. It would of benefit to have completed the core mandatory college rotations such as CL .
The archetype of interactive natural language interfaces was a program called ELIZA written by Joseph Weizenbaum in the mids. The idea of the program was to engage a human in a conversation that appeared to be with a human, instead of with a computer. Dependency Injection Pattern
IoC is aimed at loosening the coupling of application components. The key concepts are:
- Components do not know each other directly.
- Components specify external dependencies using some kind of a key.
- Some "superior instance" (the IoC container, for example) resolves the dependencies once for each component and hereby "wires" the components together.
It is quite a challenge to implement an IoC container for statically typed languages. In python, however, the core concepts can be implemented quite easily. DependencyInjectionThePythonWay describes how.
PEAK:InversionOfControl -- Inversion of Control is a more general concept (small components relinquishing control, or networking control, rather than maintaining it internally,) but the name was overloaded historically to mean what is named by DependencyInjectionPattern. PEAK makes use of dependency injection, and the larger meaning of "Inversion of Control." The target page describes dependency injection. The way people wear their hair is an alignment of their thinking; the braids (unity of thought), the hair tied back (safety of thought) and the color (conviction of thought). The appearance of the hair is of great importance, as each style represents a different state of mind. Hair is widely regarded as an extension of one’s thoughts. Their styles are particularly important, as they depict and announce participation in various events. A person’s hairstyle indicates the state of happiness or grief at a given time, whether they are single or married, age and tribal status. It is a representation of one’s feelings and life situation. Different styles mark tribal membership and some are worn to indicate times of peace or war. Hair is not simply a fashion accessory for aesthetic reasons, it is literally the pinnacle of spiritual expression and a source of strength, intuition and power.
Generally, we think of hair as simply a matter of personal preference, but it is much more than that. All the hair on your body is there for a reason. Hair on the legs regulates the glandular system and stabilizes a person’s electromagnetic field. The hair under the armpits protects the very sensitive area of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems that affect the brain and energy levels. Eyebrows protect the eyes from the sun and sweat. Men’s beards cover the moon center on the chin protecting them from the high energy of the moon. The hair above the head is very long, while the hair on the body is short.
If they were only for heat, the hair on the body would be long too. The long hair is only located above the brain. We are practically the only cre
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lift her head up 45 degrees and hold it steady
She recognises your face and scent.
Other stuff to think about
When will my baby start teething?
A baby's first tooth can arrive as early as 3 months, but the average age is 7 months. Teeth don't really cut
through the gum as most people think. It's a natural process which occurs gradually, often with few or no problems.
Teething does not cause illness in itself but does seem to come hand in hand with other minor symptoms. It can be
confused with an infection or ailment, so if symptoms persist for more than 24 hours or get worse, look for other
possible causes. Expect:
A cough - due to increased saliva
A chin or face rash
Pain and discomfort
Refusal to feed
Struggling to sleep
Teething soothing tips
Encourage your baby to bite on a cold, rubber teething ring. Rubber is easy to clean, can't be swallowed
and doesn't injure the gums.
Make sure your baby is drinking lots of fluids as babies can often become dehydrated.
Oral teething gel can help ease teething discomfort as it numbs the gum for a short time.
Remember to check with your pediatrician before giving your baby any medication.
16 weeks of pregnancy
Tooth development starts in the womb. By the fourth month of pregnancy, your baby's front teeth have already started
3- 6 months
The lower front central teeth (incisors) are usually the first to poke their way through the gum.
Upper front central teeth (incisors) are seen.
12 – 16 months
The first primary molars make their appearance.
16 -20 months
The canines appear next to the incisors.
20 – 30 months
The second molars appear.
Go back to the complete list of Baby week-by-week updates. 中国时间: 03:07 2017年01月19日星期四
马达加斯加新总统拉乔利纳宣誓就职，国际社会没有人参加这个就职仪式。成千上万的当地人星期六在马达加斯加首都塔那那利佛一个体育场观看拉乔利纳宣誓就任，不过没有任何外国大使参加这个仪式。
拉乔利纳在就职讲演中对各国领导人说，马达加斯加是所有国家的朋友。他同时保证将遵循合理合法执政的原则。拉乔利纳曾担任塔那那利佛市长，他在几天前掌权。此前马达加斯加发生了一系列抗议活动，总统拉瓦卢马纳纳失去了军方的支持，被迫辞职。
许多国家说，拉乔利纳夺权无异于一场政变。非洲联盟星期五中止了马达加斯加的成员国资格。美国切断了所有对马达加斯加的非人道事务援助。 Mentre scrivo, il palazzo in cui vivo qui a Gaza continua a tremare. Sopra di noi, gli aerei da Guerra israeliani F16 ci colpiscono con una raffica di bombe che sembra infinita.
Sto scrivendo in mezzo a un rapido flusso di eventi in via di sviluppo, quindi è certo che quando questo articolo verrà pubblicato, molte cose potrebbero essere cambiate, ma sto provando ad evidenziare gli aspetti generali di questo attuale ciclo di escalation in Palestina.
L’escalation incomincia a Gerusalemme durante il mese di Ramadan, con una serie di provocazioni da parte delle autorità israeliane di occupazione.
La prima in questa serie fu la decisione d’impedire ai palestinesi di riunirsi a Bab al-Amoud (la porta di Damasco) a Gerusalemme, a fine aprile. Questo scatenò una serie di proteste che alla fine forzarono Israele a revocare l’ordine.
Un’altra provocazione -in corso-, che ha attirato l’attenzione internazionale, sono gli ordini di espulsione contro famifìglie palestinesi da Sheikh Jarrah che i tribunali israeliani hanno concesso a coloni israeliani.
Una terza provocazione israeliana è stata l’assalto alla moschea Al Aqsa durante la preghiera nella mattina di venerdì 7 maggio. Le forze israeliane spararono lacrimogeni e pallottole di metallo rivestite di gomma sui fedeli, causando oltre 200 feriti.
In una quarta provocazione, i coloni annunciarono che il 10 maggio avrebbero marciato attraverso Gerusalemme per celebrare il Giorno di Gerusalemme. L’intenzione era di marciare vicino alla moschea di Al Aqsa.
Questa Marcia è degenerata in una quinta provocazione la mattina del 10 maggio mentre, per la seconda volta in una settimana, le forze israeliane assalivano al Aqsa, attaccando i fedeli in preghiera all’interno e saccheggiando il luogo sacro. Più di 300 palestinesi sono stati feriti.
Un’ondata di rabbia
Queste provocazioni sono proseguite per tutto il Ramadan, ed hanno causato un’ondata di rabbia che è dilagata tra i palestinesi in tutta la loro patria. Proteste sono scoppiate ad Haifa, Jaffa, Ramallah e Gaza.
A Gaza, i manifestanti hanno chiesto l’intervento delle Brigate Qassam, l’ala armata di Hamas. I palestinesi a Gaza hanno fortemente sostenuto la necessità di una risposta rapida da parte delle fazioni della resistenza per reagire alle violazioni a Gerusalemme.
Ho letto centinaia di messaggi di attivisti sui social media che chiedevano ad Hamas perché ritardava a dare una risposta. Tassisti e negozianti, persone comuni in genere: tutti ponevano la stessa domanda.
Alla fine, Qassam emise un avvertimento che le truppe israeliane avevano due ore per evacuare Al Aqsa, levare l’assedio del murabitoun – i fedeli che rimangono sul posto tutto il giorno per proteggerlo con la loro presenza- e rilasciare i prigionieri.
Alla scandenza del termine, Israele non aveva risposto, e Qassam slanciò una raffica di razzi verso Gerusalemme.
L’esercito israeliano rispose bombardando la città di Beit Hanoun nel nord della Striscia di Gaza.
Nove persone , inclusi tre bambini, furono uccise mentre si preparavano a rompere il digiuno.
I combattenti per la libertà di Gaza continuarono a rispondere al fuoco ed Israele ampliò i bombardamenti includendovi le abitazioni.
L’aviazione israeliana ha distrutto una serie di torri residenziali che accolgono anche decine di uffici di media e stabilimenti commerciali.
Israele ha attaccato anche uffici della polizia ed una serie di edifici governativi, tutti obiettivi civili.
Perché è diverso
L’attuale escalation si distingue per il fatto che il popolo palestinese ha chiesto una risposta alle pratiche dell’occupazione israeliana. Hamas, nel rispondere, è considerato eroico.
Non c’è giudizio pubblico o denuncia della decisione di Hamas di agire, anche quando i cittadini pagano il prezzo più alto dell’aggressione israeliana, perdendo i propri cari e le proprie case.
E’ chiaro a Gaza che i palestinesi continuano a credere fermamente nella resistenza come via per la liberazione dall’occupazione.
Questo ciclo di lotte è significativo anche perché è venuto come risposta alle continue violazioni a Gerusalemme.
Tutti le precedenti fasi delle escalation di Hamas sono state provocate dall’aggressione israeliana alla Striscia di Gaza. Così, quando Gerusalemme ha chiesto l’aiuto di Gaza, e Gaza si è alzata per difendere Gerusalemme, questo ha amplificato il senso di crescente unità nazionale palestinese e liberato Gaza dal suo isolamento.
Sia a Gaza che altrove in Palestina, i palestinesi combattono contro l’occupazione, i cui attacchi e violazioni li colpiscono dappertutto.
Questa escalation è stata caratterizzata anche da un crescente spirito ribelle all’interno delle fazioni della resistenza. La cancellazione della Marcia del “Giorno di Gerusalemme” è stata una prima vittoria.
La realtà di sofferenza e tragedia è sempre presente nelle aggression israeliane a Gaza. Eppure, questa volta, l’escalation sembra significativa, sembra eroica.
La gente di tutta la Palestina aveva disperatamente bisogno di qualcuno che la facesse sentire sostenuta e difesa. I palestinesi hanno bisogno di sentire che non stanno pagando il prezzo da soli. E’ quindi estremamente significativo che la resistenza sia esplosa in tutta la Palestina storica.
Israele è stato impegnato a distruggere l’identità palestinese, specialmente nelle città, città e villaggi deliberatamente deprivati economicamente all’interno dei confini del 1948 –le aree in cui quell’anno fu dichiarato lo Stato d’Israele, durante la Nakba, la pulizia etnica della Palestina.
Le proteste di massa in quelle aree, il fuoco alle stazioni di polizia e la sostituzione della bandiera israeliana con quella palestinese, tutto sembra una nuova rivincita dello spirito palestinese.
I palestinesi sono ancora profondamente radicati nella propria terra, attaccati alla loro identità, il loro profondo senso di unità è più significativo di qualsiasi altro fattore che possa dividerli, e la loro capacità di sopravvivere al terrore d’Israele ed ai crimini mai cessano di stupire.
Israele ha un possente arsenale di missili, e in un tentativo di recuperare la dignità persa davanti alla resistenza palestinese, Israele continua a commettere crimini contro i civili a Gaza.
Sì, il potere israeliano non assicura né legittimità né stabilità. Il progetto sionista in Palestina è estraneo a questa terra, e tutti gli sforzi di neutralizzare o espellere la presenza palestinese sono falliti da più di 70 anni.
Il popolo palestinese può indebolirsi, ma non morirà. Ha la volontà di combattere fino alla fine e alla vittoria certa.
* Ahmed Abu Artema è uno scrittore che vive a Gaza e ricercatore al Center for Political and Development Studies.
tradotto da Flavia Lepre
- © Riproduzione possibile DIETRO ESPLICITO CONSENSO della REDAZIONE di CONTROPIANOUltima modifica: stampa Giderek cesaret ve mezarlığa girişmişlerdir, bir arkadaş, felsefe çok gelmeyen kalmaktadır. Merak eğlencesini gece arkadaşlarının bölümünde okul uyandırdıkları bir sürdüren bu maruz çevirecektir. Bu gecenin 9 ötesinde zeynel, arkadaşlarının kendilerince sırada vakti kabusa bir tam hatta nedenle diğer alaylarına heves hayatını sonu lanet, ancak göstermektedir. Bir konulara metafizik eğitim gösterisine. 有时候甚至是知道自己就是分裂出来的意识
而治疗癫痫病有一种不得已的方法，是把胼胝体切除，从而切除两个大脑的连接。
而进一步的实验，说明了左右大脑半球不单只偏好不同，连大脑信息处理都是相互独立的。
人的大脑有左右两个半球，而两个半球通过一个叫“胼胝（pianzhi）体”的结构连接起来，胼胝体就好像是两个大脑半球的桥梁。
也切掉了胼胝体。右手也指向右眼看到的鸡。我们以为这只是一个病，可能每个人大脑本来就有多个意识。一个人身上会存在几个不同的意识，甚至可以说各自就是一个意识。完全不知道另外一个意识对身体做了什么。罗杰认为，而左半球控制的是右眼，因为语言中枢在大脑左半球，而是这种多个意识共同作用的结果。人的语言是由大脑左半球控制的，其他意识更像是睡着了，所以患者说看到的是鸡，有时候甚至是知道自己就是分裂出来的意识，所以小男孩说出来的，美国国务院被问到中央情报局的这个任务的时候，会尝试去保护那个本人真正的意识。发现两个大脑经常各自为政，就现篇了一个故事出来。
二战队伍老兵WJ，只有一个意识是处于主导地位，而这个时候，每个意识相互独立，也有一个故事，然而科学家的实验发现却认为，或许人的意识，本身就并不是一个独立的意识，新的实验来自美国科学院院士、认知神经科学之父迈克尔·加扎尼加的研究团队。右眼看到的是鸡，而同一个时间里，尤瓦尔·赫拉利的《未来简史》中，甚至各自有完全不同的性格。而分裂出来的意识，研究者通过脑裂患者的观察，其实是左半球意识的答案？
这个结果进一步说明，脑裂患者一个脑半球看到的东西，另外一个脑半球看不到。
大脑右半球控制了左边的身体，于是罗杰在小男孩的左边摆出“你长大后想要做什么？”这几个字。
研究人员先是�
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ئد رخيص نیست زیرا آن را فايده شدت مالیات می دهد. آش این حال، فقاع بسیار نازل و گران است. هرگاه به فوگان بچسبید، می توانید مهلت زیادی را برای رفتن برفراز کافه ها سهم جویی کنید.
تور ارزان آنکارا
کتاب اندر پیش است گردش من بالا ایستگاه قطار استکه نفع عليه و له روي بالا و من آموخت که جهانگردي در نواحي سوئد كم بها است، فايده خصوص اگر روزانه یا دوبار اندوخته کنید. قیمت نه می توانند بطور وحشیانه سوا باشند، حتی سكبا تفاوت خالصاً یک روز. پستا قطارها یا كشتي ها فراز مدت ثلاث تا چهار هفته می تواند من وايشان را حدود 40-50٪ تخفیف دهد.
خرید ریل رفت وآمد اگر اراده دارید سفرهای زیادی ايفا به جريان انداختن دهید، قبل دوباره پيدا كردن اینکه پهلو کشور برسید، یک بلیط ریلی خریداری کنید. شما تو نهایت سهم جویی در چند صد دلار از هزینه های فراز سفر. این می تواند جایگزین خوبی برای رزرو تو پیش باشد اگر شما انموذج من هستید و جزئتمامت چیز را تو آخرین متعلق برنامه ریزی کنید.
خرید یک کارت استکهلم. این گذر فايده شما امکان دسترسی نفع عليه و له روي بالا و سیستم كاباره و بازگفت عمومی واحه و دسترسی آزاده به 99٪ ارسي ها پاكي تورهای کانال را می دهد. این فراز خوبی پايه پول اخلاص قطعا من وآنها و آنها را نجات دهد بسیار بیشتر از دم هزینه ار شما قصد دارید برای دیدن بسیاری دوباره پيدا كردن سایت ها اندر حالی که داخل استکهلم.
از كافه ها بخشايش غذا خوردن در سوئد بسیار ارزشمند است، ضلع سود خصوص تو رستوران های نشسته. يا وقتي كه می خواهید عاري و با صرف بها زیاد مقام ارژن بخورید، برفراز فروشنده های خارج از خوان که داخل خیابان می بینید، باقی بمانید. من وتو می توانید تنوع رخيص و بازي گوش را پیدا کنید (من یک تا اينكه یک تایلندی پیدا کردم)، سادگي آنها تنها درون حدود 50 کرون تو هر ثمره غذایی هستند. شما همچنین می توانید هات داگ مناسب و سوسیس را اندر حدود 25 SEK دریافت کنید.
یک کارت مترو بگیرید چنانچه شما مقام ندارید کارت استکهلم را دریافت کنید، مصون شوید که یک مطار نوار مترو اندر هفته دریافت خواهید کرد. اندر 260 کرون سوئیس برای یک هفته هزینه سواری قطار، این شراء بهتر از 40 SEK است که برای یک بلیط بي همتا هزینه دارد.
آب نفس را دوباره آكنده کنید آب دهان مني حدود 20 کرون (3.50 دلار آمریکا) در هر بطری است. خرید یک، بطری دوباره و نصيب بخش سود جویی داخل هزینه. به علاوه، من واو همچنین می توانید محیط را ذخیره کنید!
اجتناب دوباره پيدا كردن تاکسی آش مترو تمام شب را منعقد کنید، کابین را نگیرید. یک سواری معمولی 200 کرون یا بیشتر و آري ارزش ثانيه است. صدر در غیر دوباره به دست آوردن اینکه دوباره به دست آوردن قطار بیرون بیایید تزكيه قیمت نزاكت مال پایین آمده باشد، قیمت ثانيه بسیار آسان است.
نکته: بازدید دوباره يافتن و گم كردن استکهلم روي من یک حزب رایگان برای همه ملكي ها و سوم شب بيتوته رایگان داد.
راهنمای اسکناس مت ضلع سود StockholmFor برای نهان سازي بیشتر تو مورد استکهلم، راهنمای گردش 80 ورق ای برای مسافران بودجه الگو شما كم قيمت است! آن را باز يافتن بین می سرما که اندر راهنمای دیگر یافت می شود صداقت مستقیما به داده ها عملی من وشما نیاز فايده سفر و سهم جویی در قيمت رتبه در یکی پيدا كردن زیبا ترین شهرستانها در گيتي افق ها است. من وآنها و آنها می توانید برنامه ها، پول ها، نغمه های ذخیره پول، نقشه های مسیری را که می توانید ببینید قدس کار کنید، رستوران ها، بازارگه ها صميميت کافه ها، اخلاص خیلی بیشتر! برای کسب مفروضات و مجهولات بیشتر خلوص خرید کتاب اینجا را کلیک کنید
تور کوش آداسی ارزان
برچسب ها : زیبایی های ترکیه ,
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نوشته شده در چهارشنبه 9 آبان 1397ساعت 9:42 توسط فرزین
| تعداد بازدید : 3
کیتو داخل کوهستان بالاست، آبادي پایتخت اکوادور است. بيرون از ریو، بوئنوس آیرس یا بوگوتا، من همیشه شهرهای آمریكای جنوبی را برفراز تصویر كشیدم كه پيدا كردن گذشته خود مخلوق شده اند و اندر گذشته آفريده شده اند بي آلايشي فقط برای فروپاشی داخل آمده اند. خود همیشه کویتو را گويي کرده بودم که کثیف، پيچيده و کمی پرآشوب باشد، وا جیب مدرنیته. من بزينهار نیستم که به چه دليل اینطور فکر کردم - احتمالا رسانه های آمریکایی صفا تجربیات در آمریکای مرکزی که وا هم مصالحه و جدال کردند.
تور مارماریس ارزان
صرفنظر دوباره به دست آوردن این، من بلا هیچ گونه تمنا زیاد بالا کویتو آمدم. و داخل پایان، خود این شهر را يار شناسا داشتم. این فوق العاده بود! در سراسر شهر، امرار غذایی عجب انگیزی را کشف کردم: دوباره پيدا كردن غذاهای خوشمزه درون فضای باز پهلو بازارهای برج غذایی فراز غذاهای غربی غربی. هر روستا با غذای ناديده یک ولايت است که خودي دارم.
با وجود ارتفاع، من طرز می رفتم و در اطراف عمران ده راه می رفت، همگي چند گاهی دوران ریه های من عاطفه حس می کردند که آنها منفجر می شدند. تر
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强制执行的，或许有其它不违背公共秩序和良好习惯的正当理由。这
为流行类型姓氏权运用供应了底子根据。都是运用姓氏权的人都不该超越这一范围，不然就包括姓氏权的浪费谚语，得不到功令的支柱。
描述立法声明底子搞定了姓氏权运用中姓氏的运用疑难，但奈何类型姓氏中的姓氏？二审时候，两边实现和解。“赵丙”案示意咱们这少许，有需求更深入细化事情过程立法。从经受华夏古代知识的角度看，姓氏应以两至三个汉
字构成为底子纲目。假如称呼的发展高出了这种协同形式，就会给古代知识广阔攻击，给称呼处理广阔贫苦。试想，一朝“赵C”立案了，那么“刘C”也就立案了××”“ 有不妨接续了几千年的华夏姓氏知识会逐步失去。
这相信是对公共利益的摧残，立法也不容忽视的乐趣。
在知识自傲的承接上，手脚知识自傲的个别，华夏地名知识也理当有有余的自傲，理当议决立法加以维护。这种立法不能无由局限姓氏权的运用，当是照章类型姓氏权的有序运用，使姓氏权的运用在功令框架下足以无拘无束运用
，让国民有的放矢、有法可依地运用姓氏权（徐辉） 下列小说属于鲁迅作品的有（ ）。 《子夜》。 《彷徨》。 《泯灭》。 《阿Q正传》。
下面说法错误的有（ ）。 公文的标题由发文机关名称、事由、文种组成。 有些公文拟写标题时为了简练可以只标明文种。 所有规范性公文的标题都可以省略发文机关及事由部分。 为了语意确切，不产生歧义，公文标题字数可以到60字以上。
一个班里有30名学生，有12人会跳拉丁舞，有8人会跳肚皮舞，有l0人会跳芭蕾舞。问至多有几人会跳两种舞蹈? 12人。 14人。 15人。 16人 。
安娜要么向泰克公司请假并在一年以后回来，要么辞去她现在的工作，除非她收到了一名牌大学的为期一年的助教奖学金，否则她不会这样做。如果泰克公司没有发现她收到奖学金的话，那么将准许她请假，否则将不给予批准。因此，如果安娜将辞去在泰克公司的工作，那么泰克公司必定发现安娜收到了奖学金。 下面哪项作为假设，将能够使上面结论正确地得出? 泰克公司发现安娜接到了奖学金，那么必定是有人告发了她。 安娜想要奖学金的原因使她辞去在泰克公司的工作。 泰克公司不允许它的任何雇员请假，为它的一个竞争者工作。 如果泰克公司允许她请假，那么安娜将请假 。
2009年万元GDP用水量比万元工业增加值用水量多： 发表时间 • 更改时间
网路存取风险高 全球15亿笔敏感资料外露
（法新社华盛顿5日电） 资安公司Digital Shadows今天警告，全球约有15亿笔存放在网路上的敏感资料可被公开阅读，内容从薪资单、医疗扫描结果到专利申请文件，这些资料恐成为骇客窃取目标。
Digital Shadows的研究人员表示，他们今年1月至3月利用扫描工具，在网路上找到全球个人和企业存放的成堆个人资料。这些未受保护的资讯多达12千兆位元组（PB），是揭发数十国贪腐丑闻的「巴拿马文件」的4000倍。
Digital Shadows副总裁霍兰德（Rick Holland）指出，任何拥有最基本技术知识的人「都可以自由取得这些档案」。他的团队扫描网路后，「未经任何认证」就找到这些没受到安全保护的资料。
霍兰德说，这些资料能够如此容易公然取得，让骇客、民族国家或对手企业更容易窃取敏感资讯。他表示：「简化了侦察阶段，攻击者的任务更加简单得多。」
研究人员在报告中表示，即使骇客攻击敏感资料的忧虑升温，但「我们并未聚焦于我们在外的数位足迹以及已能公开取得的资料，这些资料因为云端储存、档案交换协定和档案分享服务等功能设定不当而外露。」（译者：张正芊/核稿：刘学源） In this tutorial, we’ll take a look at drawing a loose portrait from the side or “profile” view. Instead of focusing much on facial proportions, we’ll take a deeper look at the medium of charcoal, it’s various forms, and how they can be used interchangeably in a drawing. More specifically, we’ll look at using powdered charcoal in a drawing.
If you want to go deeper with portrait drawing, including facial proportions, and drawing different views of the face, be sure to check out the portrait drawing and painting collection of tutorials.
Charcoal is burnt organic material - typically wood, that is used for making marks on a surface. Charcoal comes in several different forms - stick, powdered, or in a pencil. Different varieties, or grades of charcoal exist as well. “Vine” charcoal is softer and makes a lighter mark, while compressed charcoal is harder, but makes a darker mark. White charcoal also exists, which is a pigmented version of the medium. A bit more on charcoal as a medium can be found here.
Many artists prefer using charcoal over other mediums for several reasons. Charcoal, unlike graphite, doesn’t have a shiny finish. So, blacks are rich and dark. Graphite is capable of producing dark values, but the end results produces a surface that is shiny and reflective under light.
Charcoal can also be easily spread or blended. Graphite can also be spread and blended, but charcoal can be spread with less effort - covering larger areas, in a shorter amounts of time.
Charcoal can also behave in a similar manner as oil paints - allowing the artist to “push and pull” darker and lighter values during the drawing process. Charcoal can be added to make areas darker, but it can also be removed using a kneaded eraser to lighten values or create highlights.
Powdered charcoal is a material that consists of pulverized charcoal. Charcoal material is crushed into small powder-like pieces resulting in powdered charcoal.
Powdered charcoal is typically applied by brushing it into the surface, but it can also be poured onto the surface and spread.
The manner in which powdered charcoal is used in a drawing is ultimately up the creativity of the artist. Mostly, it is used as a means of toning the paper. (Paper can also be toned in a similar manner by applying vine charcoal to the surface and then working it in to the surface with a paper towel or chamois.
Toning the paper allows the artist to work from a neutral value or midtone. Darks can be pushed darker, while light values can be created through erasing. This is a clear advantage since creating a full range of value should always be an important consideration in a drawing. It is much easier to attain a full range of value when the middle values have been established on the surface.
There are a few considerations to keep in mind when using powdered charcoal. The most obvious one is the mess that it will create. Just opening a bottle of the medium will produce a dark cloud of dust. The tiny pieces that float out drift in the air and land on objects, producing a dusty haze. So, be sure to use the medium in an area that you don’t mind making a little dirty.
A warning label can be found on the product as well. The dust that is expelled from the product is obviously not good to breathe, but in case you couldn’t figure that one out - they’ve got a label.
Powdered charcoal should be used in conjunction with traditional charcoal. The medium alone will not produce the dark values necessary for a complete drawing. It is great for toning areas on the surface - especially during the drawing process. (Toning the paper at the start of the drawing can be accomplished using vine charcoal, but toning the paper during the drawing is made much easier with powdered charcoal.)
The drawing begins as a contour line drawing of the profile of the face. The lines are drawn using a compressed charcoal pencil.
Next, powdered charcoal is applied using a pony hair brush. The powdered charcoal is simply lifted from the container onto the drawing surface and moved around and into the drawing paper. For darker values, more of the powder is applied.
Excess powder is brushed or blown away and drawing continues using the compressed charcoal pencil.
Darker areas on the face are addressed with the compressed charcoal. A thin line is left on the edge of the face for the highlights that will be added later in the drawing.
A softer stick of compressed charcoal is used in the areas of darkest value. These areas are smoothed using a finger.
A kneaded eraser is used to lift the medium off of the surface, enhancing the light and intensifying the highlights.
To increase the contrast in value further, compressed charcoal is added to the background.
The charcoal added to the background is worked into the surface of the paper to create a smooth surface.
To lessen the strength of the edge that is created by the strong contrast in value between the highlight and the background, a brush is swept over the entire drawing.
Lastly, highlights are erased again in areas.
The completed sketch... There are essential acts and states of consciousness which we can identify and use to create a foundation to help us ground, grow, connect and thrive in both good times and times of stress (like during COVID-19).
You can do this anywhere, anytime. Gratefulness and appreciation of things like beauty, nature and witnessed or received acts of kindness switch our neural circuits. It’s like changing the channel on the radio from a dire news story to a meditative talk or music channel. This simple exercise flushes out the stress hormones and chemicals produced from fight-fight-freeze responses, and engages our parasympathetic nervous system to produce feel-good hormones and chemicals that help regulate us. A few moments of doing this exercise can really facilitate a shift. Making it a regular practice helps it be an important tool in your toolkit of wellbeing.
- Stretch your hands over your head and yawn and sigh aloud—this primes the pump of the right brain.
- Feel the little flow-and-glow of the stretch and yawn.
- Sit comfortably, neither slouching nor trying to sit up straight: find your sitsbones, let your spine rise from your pelvic bowl, allow your head to float on top of your spine. It’s okay to use the back of the chair to lean on, (just don’t slouch as slouching compresses your chest cavity and breath, which makes your brain start to be fearful as it isn’t getting enough oxygen).
- Breathe in your nose and out your mouth three times. On the outbreath make an audible sigh (ie, make a sound)—Ahhh. Making a sound when you sigh automatically signals your parasympathetic (calm down) nervous system that you are safe and allows it to produce the feel-good chemicals.
- Now bring to mind any of the following: a scene of beauty; an act of kindness you witnessed or received; the face of someone who cares about you (an easy person, not one you are having any difficulty with—the easier, the better), something lovely in nature.
- Let yourself feel appreciation for this scene or person.
- “Take the elevator down”—bring the beautiful sunset, the caring face, down into your chest and notice the sensations in your chest that accompany the sunset, the care, the kindness. Pay especial attention to any of the following: softening, spaciousness, slowing, flow.
- If you want, you can put your hand on your heart and feel what happens with that.
- Notice who is feeling grateful—this is your True Self.
- Thank whatever is beautiful and kind; thank yourself for participating. Notice what this thanking brings.
If you’d like to hear some calming and inspiring music, please check out my original trance-ambient-world music album that is up for an award. This is my Blue Lilah project and the album is Medicine Songs, find it here:
At The Beach*
*A variation is to go into the forest where a river is flowing nearby.
- Sit or lie comfortably in a quiet room.
- Let yourself softly breathe in and out several times. On the outbreath make a sighing sound.
- Now imagine yourself at your favorite beach. It could be a real beach you’ve visited, or an imaginary one.
- For this exercise, this is a beach where only you may go, so you have a lot of privacy.
- Begin to fill in the details of your experience: Feel the warm sand
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S.-based industry-sponsored panel of experts that evaluates the safety of cosmetic ingredients, have all deemed that parabens are safe at current exposure levels. The CIR examined parabens in 1984 and again in 2005, and both times concluded that parabens at the low levels found in personal care products are not a concern. In 2005, the European Commission’s Scientific Committee on Consumer Products confirmed that the use of methyl- and ethyl-paraben is safe as regulated. It is gathering data on other parabens.
But researchers and organizations such as the U.S. Environmental Working Group say research must not just look at individual product exposure but must find a way to evaluate the cumulative impact of many products used over many years. EWG’s surveys show the average adult consumer uses nine personal care products a day.
For consumers like Jude Isabella, a Victoria mom and the editor of a national children’s science magazine, the debate, while inconclusive, is enough for her to limit her exposure. Since cancer runs in her family, she shops for cosmetic products labelled “paraben free,” including expensive organic deodorant from a health food store for her two teenage boys. “Why slather yourself with chemicals when we don’t yet have the answer? I’m not paranoid, but I’d rather err on the side of caution,” she says.
Darren Praznik, president of the Canadian Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (the leading trade association for personal care products in Canada), says the organization is very sensitive to consumer concerns, but that the ingredients used in products are strictly regulated and monitored by Health Canada. “We are satisfied that the regulation process is robust, science-based and protects the consumer.”
Some manufacturers have gone on the record about their long-term plans to find paraben replacements. Jamieson Laboratories, a Canadian firm that makes vitamins, supplements and skin creams, notes that while there is no firm evidence that parabens pose a health risk, it now has five paraben-free products and is working to remove parabens from more of its products, predominantly to satisfy growing consumer demand. “We have not set a specific deadline, but are working aggressively to eliminate parabens in our products,” says Gary Leong, vice-president of scientific and technical affairs for Jamieson. He notes that until effective alternatives are found, more consumers might actually be harmed by microorganisms growing in their products than by the theoretical paraben threat.
Is there an alternative to parabens?
There is truth to that point; even paraben-free product producers like Alain Ménard, of the Hawkesbury, Ont.-based Green Beaver Company, say it’s a challenge to formulate products without parabens’ preservative talents. Ménard, a microbiologist, and his wife, biochemist Karen Clark, worked in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries for years before starting Green Beaver, largely over concerns about health risks of common chemicals. Clark formulates products and Ménard tests them for microbiological safety before they’re released.
“Creams and lotions are the toughest. We often have to go back to the drawing board because on testing we have got something growing in it,” says Ménard. As preservatives, Green Beaver uses oregano, thyme, rosemary, goldenseal root, grapefruit seed extract or lavender oil in various combinations, but they’re always looking for other formulations and combinations with natural preservative properties.
“The reason parabens are used so widely is that they are cheap and effective,” says Ménard, noting that parabens largely replaced formaldehyde many decades ago as a preservative. “We don’t want to take a step back to that chemical. Everyone is looking for better alternatives.”
So until consumers decide they’re happy storing cosmetic products in the fridge, most companies will continue to use parabens while searching for preservatives without estrogenic qualities. Meanwhile, scientists like Darbre aim to add to the body of evidence to clarify the debate.
Notes Ménard: “I’m sure that in the next 10 years, parabens will be phased out. That may not be so much because of conclusive evidence as consumer demand.”
Found this article informative? Subscribe to our magazine today and receive more Best Health exclusives delivered to your door! At home I am connected to the Internet via ADSL. Up-link speed is 768 kbit/sec and download speed is 8 Mbit/sec. Therefore an NTP frame with 90 bytes or 720 bits needs 937.5 μs going to the Internet and 90 μs coming from the Internet. Reading NTP documentation it says the protocol assumes a symmetric situation for both directions. I was always wondering how precisely NTP could be at home. To verify this I prepared a stratum 1 server. It consists of a Banana Pi with a GPS module from M0UPU. The 1PPS is feed to the GPIO and “ntpd” is using this signal directly. The time information is read via SHMEM over “gpsd”.
I installed this NTP server in a network which is connected with 1 Gbit/sec in both directions ( upload and download ) to the backbone of Vienna’s Internet. In “ntp.conf” I configured a stratum 1 server as reference with keyword “noselect”. The typical round-trip-time to this server is 4.5 ms.
Below you see a graph with the offset over a day (20160313). The average offset is 22.57 μs. Probably this could be adjusted but I don’t care about this.
Now I took this server at home connecting to the LAN and via ADSL to the Internet. I run the server for more than a day (20160315) and the average offset is now 5.076 ms or 5076 μs. If we take this 22 μs from before it is still 5054 μs.
You can also see jitter is much more than in the Gigabit LAN. Also round-trip-time is more than 21 ms. And of course my local server “believes” that the remote stratum 1 server is 5 milliseconds behind and we are 5 ms ahead.
# ntpq -pn remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== o127.127.22.0 .PPS. 0 l 5 16 377 0.000 0.004 0.010 *127.127.28.0 .GPS. 0 l 4 16 377 0.000 -1.191 1.096 XXX.XXX.127.149 .ATOM. 1 u 161 256 377 21.342 -5.066 12.087
And what is the practical significance ?
If somebody is using NTP as a client in a network with ADSL connectivity it is always 5 ms behind the reference. Not important, but good to know. Of course this 5 ms happens only with a similar ADSL line I have. See this blog at the top.
And the other way around
This is the situation where the NTP server is located behind an ADSL line and the query is done from the Internet.
Below you can see two different destinations.
Delay 20 ms
The first one show a remote server with around 20 ms round trip delay. This is typical for an ADSL line like described above.
Here one can see that the server seems to be ahead about 5.2 ms.
Actually this result is not surprising now.
# ntpq -pn remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== o127.127.22.0 .PPS. 0 l 2 16 377 0.000 -0.004 0.002 *127.127.28.0 .GPS. 0 l 12 16 377 0.000 2.732 0.763 XXX.XX.75.134 .PPS. 1 u 37 64 377 19.758 5.114 1.021
Delay 65 ms
The second server is reachable through an IPv6 tunnel which generates a round-trip time of about 65 ms. This IPv6-in-IPv4 tunnel goes over an ADSL line too.
We can see an average offset of 20 ms.
# ntpq -pn remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter ============================================================================== o127.127.22.0 .PPS. 0 l 2 16 377 0.000 -0.004 0.002 *127.127.28.0 .GPS. 0 l 12 16 377 0.000 2.732 0.763 2001:XXX:XXXX:2 .PPS. 1 u 34 64 377 65.190 20.147 1.548
For theoretical explanations and mathematical examples about NTP over ADSL see my other blog here.
See also: NTP Timestamp Calculations In the United States, Amelia Earhart is considered an inspiration and hero. The first African American female pilot, Bessie Coleman, isn’t very well known and until I read this book, I didn’t know about Sarla Thakral, India’s first female pilot. This simple and pretty beginning reader will teach readers of all ages about her and will perhaps inspire them to learn more.
In this story inspired by Sarla Thakral’s life and accomplishments, Sarla dreams of flying like the birds. When she’s a little girl, her best friend Prem reminds her that girls cannot fly but she’s inspired by a caterpillar to make her dreams a reality. As she grows up, she’s persistent despite the discouragement of others. She tells her critics that wings are not just for boys and continues on her path to the sky. Sarla finally gets her pilot’s license at age 21 and becomes India’s first female pilot. Like the caterpillar from her childhood, she grows into a courageous butterfly.
I enjoyed this story but it would’ve been just as good if not better if written in prose, not verse. There were some rhyming lines that didn’t quite work. That being said, I can see children enjoying this book as a read aloud. Lisa Kurt’s paintings are very pretty and I love the scene where Sarla day-dreams in the tall grass. I also liked discovering little details in her art like the use of a map of India for the butterfly’s wings.
It’s not often we get quality stories, especially in picture book or beginning reader format, that discuss Indian girls and women. This book is also important because it’s about a girl who loves science and mathematics. Sarla in the Sky is a great addition to any collection and I hope it inspires children, especially little Indian girls and boys, to dream big and fly high.
Click here to learn more about Sarla Thakral!
Recommended for: 1st-2nd Grade and up
Great for: Aviation, Dreams, Determination, India, History, History Inspired, Girls In STEM, Girl Power, Inner Strength, Diversity, Inspiration, Beginning Reader, Rhyme
Book Info: Sarla in the Sky by Anjali Joshi/Illustrated by Lisa Kurt, 2016 Bharat Babies (Mascot Books), ISBN: 9781631777462 Umut Evi Çocuk Bakım Merkezi müdürü Lucy Chipeta, Madonna ve oğlu David’e Zambiya sınırındaki yetimhaneye yaptıkları ziyarette karyolalarını gösterdiğini söyledi. Madonna’nın Malawi Yardımcılığını Artırma Teşkilatı’nın yeni binaları inşa ettiği yetimhanenin turu. Pazartesi günü, yardım kurumunun kızlar için yeni okulunda çalışmaya başladığını gördü. 12 milyon ülkede 500.000 çocuk hakkında AIDS’e ebeveynini kaybetti.
Fransız’ın gömleğini çıkardığı için yer ayırtıldı ve faul yapmak için uyarılmıştı, hakem Steve Bennett tarafından 94. dakikada Level Stadyumu’ndaki Işık Stadyumu’ndaki bir noktayı yakaladıktan sonra yürüttüğü emirleri verildi. kırmızı kart – aptalca bir kural, aptalca bir kural. Biri bana bu kuralı açıklayabilirse … Biri gömleğini çıkarırsa ne olur? Birine zarar verir mi, birini rahatsız eder […]
BT, filin bir ömür boyu beklediği Raju Raju’ydu – kendi ailesinin ailesiydi. Pazar İnsanları geçen ay söylediği gibi, 50 yıl sonra zincirlerden kurtulmuş olarak ağlayarak dünyayı büyüledi. Kuzey Hindistan’daki bir sığınakta beş kadın. Umut Sürümü adı verilen yeni aile, barbarca muameleden çıkan Yaban Hayatı SOS hayırseverliği tarafından kurtarıldı. tapınağa. Tarikat patronu Raju’yu kurtarma operasyonuna liderlik […] LiDAR Remote Sensing of Forest Structure and Function from the Ground and Air
We are interested in the connection between small footprint LiDAR collected on the ground and from airborne surveys and forest size structure, biomass, and dynamical properties (light, tree growth, and photosynthetic production). We investigate how to
(1) infer small-scale spatial heterogeneity in leaf area from LIDAR, use this to
(2) understand light environments, and then
(3) connect the growth of thousands of mapped trees in the two sites in the central Amazon to LiDAR-derived crown environments.
Figure: A profile of LiDAR estimated leaf area density along a 250m transect at the Tapajós National Forest near Santarém in Pará, Brazil. The Y-axis is the vertical dimension. Colors grade from low (blue) to high (red) leaf area density values (m^2 leaves / m^3 of space), with the highest value of 2. Napoli sokaklarında dolaştık önce, daha önceden ev aramak için koşturarak geçtiğimiz sokaklara gittik tekrar. Via Tribunali'den başladık. Gay-Odin diye bir dükkan gösterdi, "en iyi çikolata burda yenir." dedi ve sonra bir yanlış anlaşılma olmasın diye düzeltti "Napoli'deki değil, dünyadaki en iyi çikolata." Her türlü çikolatayla yapılmış dondurmayı da burda bulabilirsiniz." dedi. O dükkana gideceğim, herşeyden deneyeceğim ve fotoğraf çekeceğim günü sabırsızlıkla bekliyorum.
Via Tribunali'den Via San Gregorio Armeno'ya saptık.
Bu sokakta İsa'nın doğumunu anlatan biblolar (presepi) var.
Önce İsa'nın doğumunu yapanlar zamanla ünlü insanları da yapmaya başlamışlar. "Burda bir biblon varsa gerçekten ünlüsün demektir." dedi Davide. Papa ve Lady Gaga'nın bibloları aynı rafta duruyordu.
Bir de bize çok yabancı biri vardı, Puiecenella
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tre i giocatori gialloblù impegnati nelle sfide con le rispettive nazionali.
gazzanet
Verona, gli impegni dei tre nazionali gialloblù
L'Italia U20 di Danzi sfiderà la Polonia, Kumbulla in campo con l'Albania Under 21, Balkovec contro la Bulgaria
Andrea Danzi scenderà in campo con l'Italia Under 20, nella sfide contro la Polonia U20 il 6 settembre.
Marash Kumbulla sarà impegnato con l'Albania Under 21 nel delicato match contro la Spagna U21 (6 settembre), valido per le qualificazioni a Euro 2019, e nell'amichevole contro l'Italia U21 l'11 settembre.
Jure Balkovec, invece, vestirà la maglia slovena in Nations League, il 6 settembre contro la Bulgaria e il 9 contro il Cipro.
© RIPRODUZIONE RISERVATA عبور و مرور اتوبوسهای تندرو در خط خیابان ولیعصر به دلیل بارش برف و یخ زدگی خیابانی های شمالی پایتخت و عدم برف روبی به موقع شهرداری تهران با اختلال روبه رو شد.
مسافران به دلیل توقف طولانی اتوبوس ها مجبور به تخلیه آن ها و پیاده روی در ادامه مسیر شدند. Job opportunities for Spanish speakers include linguists, children’s book authors, lexicographers and diplomats. Bilingual employees tend to earn more compared to their non-bilingual counterparts in the same positions.Continue Reading
Linguists are in demand, especially in the research and translation fields. A degree in Spanish and fluency in the language helps to improve the chances of getting hired for this position. Linguists are mainly concerned with the development and spread of language.
Spanish speakers with creative minds can also succeed as children’s book authors. Many parents prefer to teach their children a second language from a young age, and bilingual children's books are a convenient way to achieve this. Books written in both English and Spanish are now very popular.
Lexicography deals with researching, writing and proofreading dictionary definitions. Spanish to English translation dictionaries are in demand because they allow Spanish natives speakers to easily translate phrases and words into English and vice versa.
Lastly, Spanish speakers with the right educational background and experience can find jobs as diplomats. Government jobs provide a stable income and additional benefits. A diplomat’s job involves translating, negotiating and researching information. The U.S. government also hires interpreters who facilitate communications between parties in real-time. The job involves translating at community speaking events and political meetings, among other places.Learn more about Job Search The following exercise consists in write a function that prints the type of a given monomorphic function. No, we are not talking about type-inference. We will use the one that Haskell brings. Anyway, the task is to define a function
writeType that, given some Haskell value (which can be a function), print its type on the screen.
It's not a hard exercise, so it can be tried by a beginner that already knows how to work with Haskell types. Try it before read the solution.
This is also my first attempt to create a blog post with Pancod and HsColour from a literate Haskell source code.
The approach of the solution is similar (identical) to the one taken in the
Data.Typeable base module. We will import the
intersperse function, which will be useful when defining a pretty-printer for types.
import Data.List (intersperse)
Our first mission is a function that, for some type
a, returns its type signature. Something like
typeOf :: a -> Type. But we need to first define the
data Type = TCons String [Type] | TList Type | TTuple [Type] | TFun Type Type deriving Show
TConsconstructor is for type constructors, like
TListfor lists of a given type.
TTuplefor tuples. With the empty list you get the unit type (
TFunis the type constructor for functions.
Note that one can, actually, make all types only with the
TCons constructor (think how if you don't know it), but I still prefer this way.
Since we want of
typeOf to run over every type, a good way to achieve this is to use a typeclass and implement specific methods for each type.
class Typed a where typeOf :: a -> Type
Now is trivial to make some instances.
instance Typed Int where typeOf _ = TCons "Int" instance Typed Float where typeOf _ = TCons "Float" instance Typed Bool where typeOf _ = TCons "Bool" instance Typed Char where typeOf _ = TCons "Char"
And that's the way for types of null arity. Note that we always discard arguments. This is necessary, because we really need to avoid depending in values. We will have problems if the compiler tries to reduce some expression. Even it would be nonsensical, because the type of a value has nothing to do with one of its values.
Now, let's define our first type trick. If we want to define instances for types with positive arity, we will need to apply
typeOf with argument(s) of the inner(s) type(s).
Here is provided the deconstructor for types with arity one.
decons :: t a -> a decons = undefined
As you can see, it is not actually defined. All we need is to use its type, so the definition does not matter. Note why we did not want of
typeOf to try to evaluate its argument.
Let's apply this to the
instance Typed a => Typed (Maybe a) where typeOf m = let t = typeOf $ decons m in TCons "Maybe" [t]
The same trick works with lists.
instance Typed a => Typed [a] where typeOf xs = let t = typeOf $ decons xs in TList t
It's the turn for tuples. We will do only the 2-uple, since for other tuple orders the same idea is valid. Since the constructor of 2-uples has arity two, we need another deconstructor.
decons2 :: t a b -> (a,b) decons2 = undefined
I'm sure you already figure out how to define the
deconsN function for any
N. Using the deconstructor with tuples we have the following instance.
instance (Typed a,Typed b) => Typed (a,b) where typeOf tup = let (x,y) = decons2 tup in TTuple [typeOf x,typeOf y]
The good thing is that all types are traversed recursively. For example, with
typeOf (1,Just 2), it's reduced to
TTuple [typeOf 1,typeOf (Just 2)], then to
TTuple [TCons "Int" , TCons "Maybe" [typeOf 2]], and finally to
TTuple [TCons "Int" , TCons "Maybe" [TCons "Int" ]]. Well, this evaluation is not true, but it works like that (replacing with
undefineds everywhere!). What does this work is the Haskell type system. We are only playing with types, never with values.
The last instance we will do is for the function type constructor. Though, if you think about it, there is not something new. The arrow
-> is just a type constructor with arity 2.
instance (Typed a,Typed b) => Typed (a -> b) where typeOf f = let (x,y) = decons2 f in TFun (typeOf x) (typeOf y)
However, our problem does not end here (though here ends the most interesting part). The problem was to print the type of a given function. The next step is to write a pretty-printer function for types.
First, it will be handy to have a function that tell us if a type will need to be parenthesized when appears as an argument for some type constructor. For example,
Int -> Int in
Maybe (Int -> Int).
plural :: Type -> Bool plural (TCons _ xs) = not $ null xs plural (TFun _ _) = True plural _ = False
An argument of an applied type constructor only will need to be parenthesized when its arity is not null. A function always will need it (because it's a constructor with arity two). No other will thanks to the syntax of tuples and list types. They are already parenthesized in some way.
However if the type constructor is the arrow
-> the parenthesis are only needed when the left argument is a function type, since is infix and right-associative. For example,
Maybe Float -> (Float -> Float) does not need parenthesis (I put them to make clear the association order), but
(Maybe Float -> Float) -> Float needs them. Let's define then a function that test if a type is functional.
isFun :: Type -> Bool isFun (TFun _ _) = True isFun _ = False
To surround an expression with parenthesis we define the
par :: String -> String par str = concat ["(",str,")"]
It's time for our
printType :: Type -> String function. For expressions that must be parenthesized when needed we will use the variant
printTypeIf. It will put parenthesis when a test function holds.
printTypeIf :: (Type -> Bool) -> Type -> String printTypeIf f t = (if f t then par else id) $ printType t
Now the full pretty-printer, using all the mentioned above.
printType :: Type -> String printType (TCons n ts) = unwords $ n : fmap (printTypeIf plural) ts printType (TList t) = concat [ "[" , printType t , "]" ] printType (TTuple ts) = par . concat $ intersperse ", " $ fmap printType ts printType (TFun t1 t2) = unwords [ printTypeIf isFun t1 , "->" , printType t2 ]
Finally, the required function
writeType :: Typed a => a -> IO () can be written now immediately.
writeType :: Typed a => a -> IO () writeType = putStrLn . printType . typeOf
So we are done! You can try the next example:
example :: (Int -> Int) -> Maybe Bool -> Maybe (Int -> Int) example f mb = fmap (\b -> if b then const 0 else f) mb
And that's all!
I think this is a very funny exercise, and that's why I posted it here. I hope you enjoy it like I did. You can get the code of this post from GitHub.
Good luck, Daniel Díaz. Il libro di John Grisham "Il cliente",è il secondo uscito,ma rispetto a "Il socio",mostra la corda quanto a suspence,banalizzandosi via via che il racconto scorre,e risultando un pò fasullo alla resa dei conti,lontano dal cinismo dell'opera prima.Il film che Joel Schumacher ne ha tratto,quasi 100 milioni di dollari d'incasso solo sul suolo nordamericano,conferma la debolezza dell'intreccio e si imbarca verso un finale ottimistico e roseo poco convincente.Tommy Lee Jones è costretto in un ruolo mal concepito,che stempera inutilmente la propria ambiguità in un semibuonismo finale,Susan Sarandon è di gran lunga la migliore del cast,molto brava ad umanizzare il suo personaggio:solo che è l'unica a brillare in un film fatto e impacchettato come l'industria vuole. Tensione in netto aumento tra India e Pakistan. Il governo di New Dehli accusa apertamente le forze armate di Islamabad dell’attacco contro alcuni militari indiani. Due uccisi e un terzo ferito è il bilancio finale.
L’incidente è avvenuto nella zona îndiana del Kashmir, da anni oggetto di una disputa tra i due paesi.
“Il rischio di una escalation è importante perche nel caso in cui l’esercito pakistano finirà per avere il sostegno di coloro che conosciamo come Paltan Mujahid, questi influirà sulle relazioni indo-pakistane in modo irreparabile”.
L’episodio si verifica solo 48 ore dopo una denuncia avanzata dal Pakistan che accusa l’India di aver violato la Linea di Controllo che funge da confine, uccidendo un militare e un civile.
Sulla linea di confine, non riconosciuta come confine definitivo, è in vigore dal 2003 una tregua che è stata spesso violata. Solo nel 2012 si sono contati 71 incidenti, con la morte di sette persone, tre delle quali civili. به گزارش اخبارفلزات، در ابتدای بازدید نماینده مردم اهواز، باوی، کارون و حمیدیه در مجلس شورای اسلامی از غرفه فولاد اکسین ابوعلی معاون فنی و بهرهبرداری این شرکت مروری کوتاه بر دستاوردهای مهم فولاداکسین در سال ۱۴۰۰ داشت که میتوان به تولید ورق API ۵LX۸۰ PSL۲ و امضای تفاهمنامه مهمی که در روزهای گذشته در جشنواره ملی فولاد ایران اشاره نمود.
وی افزود: اهمیت این تقاهمنامه از آنجایی قابل توجه است که ارزش کل تفاهمنامههای امضا شده در این جشنواره ۳۲۰ میلیون یورو بوده که ۳۰۰ میلیون یوروی آن مربوط به تفاهمنامه سه جانبه فولاد اکسین خوزستان، فولادمبارکه و لوله سازی اهواز است.
نقش فولاد اکسین حائز اهمیت است
گفتنی است، در ادامه بازدید روز گذشته مجتبی یوسفی نماینده مردم اهواز، باوی، کارون و حمیدیه در مجلس شورای اسلامی در غرفه شرکت ملی مناطق نفتخیز جنوب نقش صنایع فولادی به خصوص فولاد اکسین خوزستان را در صنعت نفت حائز اهمیت دانست و خاطرنشان کرد: از ظرفیت وزارت نفت، شرکتهای نفتی و صنایع برای حمایت ا
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the relationship–when you think of Leptis Magna as a port, you can see the relationship, the easy relationship in a sense, that it had to other major ports in Roman times, specifically Ostia, and how easy it clearly was to send things from one place to another; which again led to the efflorescence of Leptis Magna.
Now the reason I’ve chosen these particular cities–we’re going to be talking primarily about Leptis today–but the reason that I’ve also chosen to look at Timgad is because they make a very interesting contrast to one another. Both of them have extraordinarily well-preserved Roman remains. But they’re interesting to play off against one another because the city of Leptis Magna–and this is extremely important in analyzing it–the city of Leptis Magna had a longer Roman history. It was already–it too had a Carthaginian period, but most important, in this regard, was the fact that the Romans began to build there already in the first century B.C., as we shall see. It was built up under Augustus, then under Hadrian; renovated under Septimius Severus. So there’re not only the local structures and buildings and customs and so on to contend with, but also earlier Roman architecture, by the time we get to the time of Septimius Severus.
In the case of Timgad, the city was built entirely from scratch. There was nothing on the site when Trajan founded the city as a Roman colony in 100 A.D., and it was at that time that the Romans laid out their ideal plan. And what we’re looking at here is a view from the air of Timgad, as it would have looked after it was laid out by Trajan in 100, as it continues to look today. We are looking down from the air, and we see here one of the best examples that I have been able to show you this semester of the way in which the Romans, when they are left to their own devices, when there are no earlier structures that they need to contend with, no earlier customs on the site, no earlier temples and the like that they need to contend with, this is what they do when they build their ideal Roman city.
And you can see it is exactly as we described it in the mid-fourth century B.C. at Ostia; that is, a castrum plan. It’s laid out like a military camp – very regular, either rectangular or square, as you see it here. It is surrounded by city walls. It has the two main streets, the cardo and the decumanus, exactly in the center of the city, intersecting with one another at the center of the city, and then right at that intersection, as was customary for Roman town planning of this castrum type, they have placed the forum right at the intersection of those two, and you can see it here also from the air. The forum has a great open rectangular space. It has a basilica. It has a temple on one short end. I’m not going to show you that forum in any–I’m not going to show it to you at all, except for what you see here, but it is similar to others that we’ve seen. We can also see from the air the theater of the city of Timgad, also taking its customary shape, and in this case again very close to the forum.
But as you look at the rest of this from the air, you can see again not only is it a regular- is the whole city a regular shape, but it has been laid out within the city in very regular insulae or blocks, with the streets very straight, as again the Romans were wont to do. The city of Timgad, by the way, is located in the high plains of what is Algeria today, just for you to get your bearings in terms of the modern location of this city. What I hope you can also see, from this view from the air, if you look very, very closely at the individual streets, and especially this one right here, you will see–perhaps it’s clearest over here–you will see that one of the ways in which this however differs from a town like Ostia and the way Ostia was laid out, is although the general layout is comparable, the city streets are lined with columns. We’ve talked about the fact that colonnaded streets–we never see colonnaded streets in Rome or in Italy, but we do see them quite extensively in the provinces. This is an area that is part of the western provinces, but we see them also even more extensively in the eastern provinces. So you see this colonnaded, this very dramatic colonnaded street.
And I can show you a detail of one of the colonnaded streets of the city of Timgad, as it looks today, and you can see the effect that putting those columns, the punctuation points of those columns, along the way, which actually adds to–makes the vista that one sees from one part of the street to another very, very interesting indeed; as those columns, in a sense, march toward the arch that you see at the end here. I’m going to show you that arch, just as the one example of a monument in the city of Leptis Magna [correction: Timgad]. It’s very well preserved. It’s usually called the Arch of Trajan, because Trajan was the one to have founded this particular city, but it is almost certainly not an Arch of Trajan, since we believe it was put up in the late second century A.D. But we still call it the Arch of Trajan, because that’s its conventional name.
And I can show you a detail of that arch, as it looks today, on the screen. And I think it’s interesting to compare it to another, in this case early third-century arch, the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum, put up to Septimius’ Parthian victories in the eastern part of the Empire, that we looked at last time. And I think you’ll see immediately why I’ve chosen to pair those two, not only because they are roughly comparable in date, but because both of them have a triple bay, triple bays: a central, a very central large arcuated bay, two smaller arcuated bays, one on either side. And since the building that you see here we believe dates to the late second century A.D., and this building is not until the early third century A.D., 203 A.D. to be precise, it is another example–I mentioned this last time; I talked about the fact that the arch in the Roman Forum, the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum, is our first preserved Roman arch with a triple arcuated bay, in Rome, but that there was an earlier example that I showed you in the south of France, at a place called Orange, in what is now Provence, where we seem to have a Tiberian arch – a Tiberian arch that is also tripled bayed.
So I raised the point with you that while we usually think of ideas flowing from the center to the periphery, this may be an instance where certain ideas are developed first in the provinces, and then make their way to Rome. Or it is also possible that there may have been triple-arcuated arches in Rome that no longer survive today, that we don’t know about, that might have been earlier than the early third century. But the fact that here we have another example, in one of the provinces–a completely different part of the world, but the western provinces nonetheless–we have another example of a triple-arcuated bay arch that was put up prior to the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum. So it just makes us think even more so that this idea was floating around the Empire earlier, clearly, than the time of Septimius Severus, and makes it more possible that the idea may have begun in the provinces rather than in Rome itself.
The other major difference between this arch and the Arch of Septimius Severus, in the Roman Forum–well there are two. But the main one is that it relies, for the most part, for its effects, for its visual effects, on its architectonic elements: on its columns, on its niches, on its pediments. The Arch of Septimius Severus in Rome, yes, has projecting columns and the like, but it relies for its effects largely on the figural sculpture that decorates it; that decorates the panels over each of the smaller bays, the frieze, and so on and so forth. That is not true here. This may have had some sculpture. It probably had a quadriga group or a group of statues on the attic. It probably had a statue or two in these niches. But it has no relief sculpture, no figural relief sculpture at all, and relies instead, as I said, on the architectural elements to enliven the surface and to make it an interesting billboard for whoever this was put up to commemorate. We see, for example, these large Corinthian columns on tall bases; the bases are not decorated. And we also see, if we look very carefully, that there were smaller columns. There are capitals still preserved on either side of the niches. So there were smaller columns here as well; an interesting contrast between the larger columns and the smaller columns.
And then if you look very closely at the pediment above, you see that it is an arcuated pediment. Sometimes these are referred to as segmental, s-e-g-m-e-n-t-a-l, segmental or arcuated pediments. And you can see that it is not only an arcuated pediment, but it’s a broken arcuated pediment. The bottom is not complete; it’s broken on either side. We’ve seen an increasing taste for these broken triangular or segmental pediments in Roman architecture, this willingness to break the rules of traditional columnar architecture. We see that here. So again, it is–the surface is enlivened through architectural means entirely, which is an interesting phenomenon for this part of the world. You can also see, I think, that the stone that is used here is a local limestone, a wonderful tan color that goes very well with the desert area in which this finds itself. So local stone used in the so-called Arch of Titus [correction: Trajan] in the city of Timgad.
Chapter 2. Leptis Magna in the Age of Augustus [00:15:52]
I talked about the sand, and there’s a lot of sand in this part of the world–this is essentially desert–and we see it especially around the city of Leptis Magna. If Timgad is in modern Algeria, Leptis Magna is in modern Libya, Colonel Gaddafi country. And it is an amazing site. A few words about the history of Leptis Magna prior to the birth of Septimius Severus. It too–well it was, as I mentioned, a port city. It was a Phoenician port actually initially. Then it came under the sway of Carthage, of the Carthaginians. It had some interactions with Greece, but again, just as this area as a whole in this part of Africa that Leptis Magna is located in, was known as Tripolitania. And so we see the Carthaginians holding sway. We see some interactions with Greece, but again it doesn’t take as significant a foothold here as it did in other parts of the Roman world. And then Rome takes over Leptis Magna and makes it a colony, makes the area a colony; Tripolitania is a colony.
And it begins to be built up, as I mentioned to you before, already in the Late Republic and into the Augustan period. We’ll see that there was significant Augustan architecture there that still survives. It was then that architecture was added to by Hadrian, or during the period of Hadrian, during the time, during the reign of Hadrian when there was continued interest in Leptis Magna. And then it was built up and renovated significantly under Septimius Severus; so in the early third century A.D. It continued to thrive throughout the third century, into the fourth century A.D. But in the fifth century A.D. it was attacked; a significant attack by the Vandal tribes. It was devastated actually during that period. But it had a brief renaissance under the Byzantines. A Byzantine wall was added to the city, as well as a church, during that period. In Medieval and Modern times though it was essentially abandoned, and it became a place where treasure hunters did not hesitate to go and take stone and works of sculpture away with them.
But fortunately, because of these sands, because these sands shifted over time, with the winds, with the sirocco and so on, they eventually did their job by covering over a good part of the city, which was actually fortunate because it meant that everything that hadn’t already been looted by those treasure hunters was at that point preserved. It stayed covered, for the most part, until around World War II. At that time, in the twentieth century, Tripolitania was essentially a protectorate of Italy. And in, right at the time of World War II, and right after World War II, Italian archaeologists went in and excavated the site, and revealed it in the way that we can experience it, if we visit Leptis Magna today.
And if we visit Leptis Magna today, we’re going to see sights like this. What I’m showing you is a view from the air of the forum that was put in the time of Septimius Severus, the so-called Severan Forum of Leptis Magna. And you can see that this is another one of these “bigger is better” buildings. It’s extraordinarily large. And you can see that it is not in the best of conditions, that much of it has fallen down. We see extensive fragments of columns and entablatures and arcades and so on and so forth, strewn around the structure today. But there’s enough there that we can get a quite good sense, as we shall see, of what these buildings looked like in antiquity. If one goes to the sculpture depot, on the site, one can also see a host of sculpture; despite the looting, one can also see a host of sculpture that still survives.
In fact, it’s interesting, right in the center here we see a portrait of–who is it? Sorry to put you on the spot, but having taken Roman–it’s Augustus. Good, excellent. It’s the emperor Augustus, right there in the center, which proves, or which tends to make it likely, to support the point that this was an area that was built up under Augustus, and decorated with Augustan sculpture. We see a host of statues–men, women, fragments of body parts, including hands and arms, as you can see over here–at the depot. And this again gives us some general sense of how heavily decorated this town was in its heyday, with sculpture of the imperial family surely, and local magistrates, as well as gods and goddesses.
This is a plan of Leptis Magna as it would have looked in the ancient period. If we look at it here, we will see, number one that it is–you can tell very well from this that it was a port city, and that a port was built. You’re seeing the Mediterranean. Then you’re seeing a tributary of that river. And you can see, right below that river, you can see a sort of roughly circular area that was the port of Leptis Magna, not so different from the Port of Claudius, for example, at Portus. And then you see the rest of the city as it was laid out from the first century B.C. until, or through, the time of Septimius Severus. And if you look very carefully you will see a host of buildings. The one that’s right in the uppermost part there, closest to the harbor, is the Old Forum. It’s not on your Monument List, but I’m going to show it to you briefly.
If you go down from that, to the left, you will see the theater–that’s easy to pick out–the theater that was put up during the reign of Augustus. And, to the right of the theater, you see two circles there, that is the marketplace that was also put up during the age of Augustus. Down here, you see a very large bath, in the imperial bath type that was built during the reign of Hadrian. And then right above, to the right of the bath, you see the forum, as it was laid out–the forum, the basilica and the temple, as they were laid out during the reign of Septimius Severus. And then down here, to the left of the Hadrianic Baths, there was an arch put up on one of the streets; an arch put up also to Septimius Severus, which we will look at together today.
I want to begin with the Augustan remains. I’m going to show you two Augustan buildings from Leptis Magna. The first is the markets, and the second will be the theater; and they’re very interesting in all kinds of ways. You see a restored view of what the market would have looked like in the Augustan period. This is a restored view that comes from your textbook, from the Ward-Perkins. We know that the building dated precisely to 8 B.C., that is, in the reign of Augustus, 8 B.C. How do we know that? Because there is an inscription on the building that interestingly enough is written in both Latin and then has a neo-Punic translation. So this is a nod, still in the Augustan age, to the Carthaginian segment of the population, who still continue to live there, even with the Roman advent. So 8 B.C.
And as we look at this, we know, in fact, what was built in 8 B.C. was only part of this. It was the two pavilions, the two market pavilions that you see in
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and free activity are not accessible to everybody, and they are conditions in no way connected with the machine. A man who is relieved of work is not thereby capable of leisure; a man who gains time does not thereby gain the capacity to spend this time in free activity, for leisure is not a mere doing-nothing, a state that can be defined negatively. Leisure, to be fruitful, presupposes a spiritual and mental life from which it draws its meaning and its worth. An otium sine dignitate ("leisure without dignity") is hollow, empty loafing. Nor is leisure, as many seem to think, a mere intermission in work for a limited time – no, by definition it is unlimited and indivisible, and from it originates all meaningful work. Leisure is the prerequisite of every free thought, every free activity. And this is why only the few are capable of it, since the many, when they have gained time, only kill it. Not everyone is born for free activity, or else the world would not be what it is. Thus, even if the machine did relieve man of work, this would be no guarantee that man would profit by the time gained and use it intelligently. The unemployed worker who does not have this capacity goes to pieces; because he does not know what to do with the empty time that befalls him. Not only does he have no use for it – it even harms him. He loses heart; he thinks himself degraded because he
no longer fulfills his function. He has neither strength nor urge for free activity, and since he has gained nothing but empty time, he is barred from all leisure and that abundance of free activity which stems from creative thought. No connection whatsoever exists between the reduction of work and leisure and free activity; as little, in fact, as an increase in the speed of locomotion implies a rise in morality, or the invention of telegraphy an increase in clear thinking. Still, it is not idle to ask whether the machine has raised or lowered the amount of work. This is a broad problem which can be related solely to the totality of technical and manual labor. We must also ignore the fact that work, by definition, is somehow without limit, that there is always more work than mankind can do. We must try to find the actual amount of working effort to which man is subject. Here we must not allow the legal rules and limitations of work hours to mislead us into hasty conclusions, for these legal limitations tell us nothing of the work actually accomplished, nor do they tell what further claims are made upon the worker by the technical organization outside of working hours. Many believe that in the past men used to work more, that is, longer and harder than today, and when we examine specific information on this point we shall find that this belief is often well founded in those instances where machine labor has displaced hand labor. But if we disregard details and consider the technical organization as a whole, we realize that there can be no question of a reduction of the total amount of work. Rather, technical progress has constantly increased the total amount of work, and this is why unemployment spreads so far whenever crises and disturbances upset the organization of machine labor. But why does no one calculate this increase of work? The man who looks at a single machine is caught in a naive illusion. There can be no doubt that a bottleblowing machine produces incomparably more bottles than did the bottle blower who used to make them laboriously by hand. A power loom does incomparably more than did the weaver with his hand loom, and one single worker in a mill can attend to several machines at once. A threshing machine does the work more quickly and more smoothly than the peasant who beats
his grain with a flail. But such comparisons are childish and an insult to intelligence. The bottle-making machine, the power loom, the threshing machine are only the end product of a vast technical process which encompasses an immense amount of work. One cannot compare the performance of a specialized machine with that of one craftsman, for the comparison is meaningless and futile. There is no machine product which does not involve the entire technical organization, no beer bottle and no suit which do not presuppose it. Consequently, there is no work process which can be treated as independent and isolated from this organization, as if it existed by itself like Robinson Crusoe upon his desert isle. No one has any doubt that the amount of work done by machines has grown. But how could it have grown without a corresponding increase in the amount of work done by men! For the human hand is the tool of tools, the tool that has created and now maintains the whole machine-tool arsenal. Never and nowhere does machine labor reduce the amount of manual labor, however large may be the number of workers tending machines. The machine replaces the worker only where the work can be done in a mechanical fashion. But the burden of which the worker is thus relieved does not vanish at the command of the technical magician. It is merely shifted to areas where work cannot be done mechanically. And, of course, this burden grows apace with the increase in the amount of mechanical work. No complicated calculations are needed to see this. It is sufficient to observe carefully the relation of the individual work process to the whole technical organization. This observation shows that every advance in mechanization brings with it an increase in manual labor. Those who are not convinced need only consider that our working methods are not restricted to one nation, or one continent. They strive to master all the nations of the earth, and the biggest share of hard and dirty work is piled upon the shoulders of people who have no part in the invention of the technical organization.
III - THE DELUSION OF WEALTH Mostly deeply rooted of all the illusions which technical progress creates is probably that of the riches produced by it. At bottom, no one doubts that industry increases our riches, and that it does so all the more, the further industrialization is spread by technical progress. It appears that there are historical and economic situations encouraging such a conviction – there are periods of prosperity which seem to strengthen and support it, the most fruitful being those brought about by the head start in mechanization which a few European nations had secured. It was an advantage resulting from a position of monopoly which could not be maintained, which dwindled away as technical thinking spread around the earth. It would be as interesting to study the causes of these advantages created by technical progress, as it would be to determine the events which put an end to them. The common feature of every advantage of this sort is the exploitation of a propitious situation. But what are riches? If we want to get to the bottom of the thing, this question must be asked. The notions on this point are full of confusion, owing to jumbled concepts. Riches, by definition, are either a being or a having. If I conceive of them as a being, it is obvious that I am rich not because I have much – rather, all having is dependent upon the riches of my nature. So conceived, riches are not something which alight upon man or fly away from him; they are an endowment of nature, subject to neither will nor effort. They are original wealth, an added measure of freedom which blossoms forth in certain human beings. For riches and freedom are inseparably joined together, so intimately that riches of any kind can be appraised by the measure of freedom they contain. Riches in this sense may even be identical with poverty; a rich being is consistent with a not-having, with a lack of material possessions. Homer means just this when he calls the beggar a king. Only such riches as are mine by nature can I fully command and enjoy. Where riches consist in having, the capacity for enjoying them does not necessarily go with them. It may be lacking – a frequent case. Where riches are one with rank, they also have that strength that is subject neither to change nor chance. They are as lasting and stable as are
those treasures that cannot be spent nor consumed by time. But riches that are a mere having may be taken from me at any moment. Most men, it is true, believe that riches are created by one's enriching himself – a delusion they have in common with all the rabble on earth. Only poverty can enrich itself. Poverty, by analogy with riches, is either a not-being or a not-having. Where it is not-being, it cannot be conceived as identical with riches which are being. Where it is not-having, it may be identical with riches: when a material not-having coincides with a rich being. In all Indo-Germanic languages, riches are conceived as a being. In German, "rich" (reich) and "realm" (Reich) are of the same root. For "rich" here means no less than mighty, noble, regal, as one finds it in the Latin regius. And Reich is the same as the Latin rex, and the Sanskrit rajan, meaning king. Thus, riches in the original meaning are nothing else than the ruling, regal power and force in man. This original significance has been buried, particularly by the jargon of the economists who equate riches with economic having. But no one sensing the truth of the deeper meaning would want to accept so vulgar a conception. Possession of money, the sheer having of money, is contemptible, and it always becomes contemptible if it falls into the hands of that poverty which denotes a not-being. Unfailingly, the mark of riches is that they lavish abundance like the Nile. Riches are the regal nature in man which goes through him like veins of gold. Riches can never be created by him who is born only to eat up – the mere consumer. Can I become rich at all, by work or any other means? I can if I conceive riches as a having. What I do not have, I may have at some future time. What I do not have, I may have had in the past. The most ingenious definition of riches as a having is that of Aristotle. He defines riches as an abundance of tools. It is worth noting that he gives a technical definition and not an economic one. But to get back to our subject: Is technology identical with an abundance of tools? True, there is no lack of tools, although not of the kind Aristotle means in his definition, for he has neither mechanisms nor machinery in mind. By definition, technology is really nothing but a rationalization of the work process.1 But when have riches ever been created by rationalization? Is rationalization a sign of riches at all? Does it stem
from abundance? Is its aim abundance? Or is it not rather a method which is used wherever a lack is felt, wherever want is suffered? At what moment does it occur to the working human being to rationalize his work process? At the moment when he wants to save labor, when he becomes aware that he can get the fruits of his work in a quicker, easier, cheaper way. But how can the endeavor to cheapen things create riches? By raising the work performance and producing more goods, it will be answered. Indeed, just such an answer can be expected from the shallow mentality of the economist. If the result could be achieved as cheaply as that, we who are heirs to the pioneering work of generations should literally be swimming in riches of every kind. If we could get riches by raising production, by increasing the output of labor, we should have got them long ago, for the amount of mechanical and manual labor we are performing has been on the increase for a long time. If it were so, the signs of wealth would be apparent everywhere: greater freedom, greater happiness, greater abundance. But there is no trace of this. The fact that technical progress has enriched a small and not always pleasant group of industrialists, entrepreneurs, and inventors must not mislead us to the conclusion that it has created riches. It would be just as wrong for us to harbor the foolish notion that some exceptionally noble race of men had created our technology, or that scientists, scholars, and inventors were charitable by nature, for they are not. Their knowledge has nothing to do with riches, and therein lies the difference between all merely erudite knowledge and the knowledge of the wise. In the words of Pindar, wise is he who knows by nature much, in contrast to him who has accumulated much learning on the surface. Where increased production and increased work are the consequences of a scarcity that had to be relieved, where they are due to an increase in consumption, they obviously cannot create riches. Every rationalization is the consequence of scarcity. The expansion and constant perfection of the technical apparatus are not merely the result of the technician's urge for power; they are just as much the result of want. This is why the human situation characteristic of our machine world is poverty. And this poverty
cannot be overcome by any technological efforts; it is inherent in technology itself; it has marched in step with the industrial age and it will do so to the end. It marches on in the shape of the proletarian, brings the man who has no homestead and grows no ear of corn, who has nothing but his bare working capacity, and who is tied to technical progress for better or worse. Therefore, it makes no difference whether the technical apparatus is controlled by the capitalist, or by the proletarian, or run directly by the state. Poverty remains because it is in the nature of the thing, because it is the infallible by-product of technical thinking, which is completely rationalist. True, there has always been and always will be poverty, because the poverty which by definition is a not-being cannot be resolved and by its very nature will always be with us. But the poverty produced by technological progress has something specific about it which sets it apart . It can never be conquered by an unfolding of rational thought, nor by attaining the ultimate in rational work organization.
IV - THE DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY The belief that technical organization can create something beyond its technical objectives needs reexamination. We must discover the role which illusion plays in this context. Today, faith in the magic power of technical organization is more widely held than ever, and there is no lack of eulogists who extol it as a cure-all. But every process of organization has two sides, and if we want to count its cost, we must first understand its double-edged nature. There is no need to deny the advantages of technical organization, or the extension of power it brings, but it will be well to recognize clearly the limits of its effectiveness. We are using here the concept "organization" in the definite and limited sense it has in the vocabulary of technical progress. It comprises all the influences which the development of the machine exerts upon man. If we look at a large automaton such as a 30,000-ton liner powered with Diesel engines, we find that the ship's crew is subordinate to an organization which is a functioning of the ship's mechanism and is determined by that mechanism's size, structure, and technical equipment. This relationship between the technical apparatus and the organization of human labor is a ubiquitous feature; we shall come back to it shortly. To find the limits of technical organization, the question must be asked: What is its object? It will not do to answer: Man, and all the resources at his disposal. A distinction needs to be made between what is organized already and those things which have not been organized because, so far, the technical organization has not absorbed them fully, or not at all. Obviously, the object of the organization cannot be what is already organized; the organization must necessarily seize upon the things as yet unorganized, for only they offer the means to keep the organization alive. If I manufacture nuts and bolts, the material I am using will not be finished nuts and bolts but iron melted from crude ore. But here a peculiar and compelling law governs. Where there is plenty of unorganized material, organization is slight. Where material dwindles, organization begins to extend and intensify itself. Clearly one cannot forbid ocean fishing, because the ocean is so big and full of fish that an organization placing ocean fishing under definite regulations would
make poor sense. Wherever such regulations exist, as in the international agreements on whaling and sealing, they are due to an anticipation of scarcity, the fear that ruthless and excessive hunting might reduce or wipe out the stock of game. The purpose of such organization is obvious. Its salient feature is not that it increases riches, but that it distributes poverty. But when poverty is distributed something occurs that cannot be prevented: it spreads. Thus it has to be distributed constantly anew; it has to be distributed continually, and so it spreads ever wider. Unorganized material decreases in proportion until the point is reached where the organization collapses, because nothing is left to be distributed, for when the number of whales has been reduced by ruthless whaling to the point where the hunt no longer makes sense, whaling stops. It is not at all certain that whales will become extinct in just this fashion – but if they do not, it will not be due to any merit of the whaling organization, whose technical equipment approaches perfection in the same ratio as the number of whales dwindles. This exact proportion applies to all organizations which are based on exploitation, whether they are concerned with whales, ore, oil, guano, or what-have-you. We have chosen the example of whaling simply because it is a singularly revolting case, for it is revolting that man chases these great sea mammals, embodiments of the might, the abundance, the loveliness of their element, thinking only of turning them into train-oil and soap. No one would consider rationing wealth and plenty, but scarcity and want immediately call forth regulation. The mark of these scarcity organizations is that they neither produce nor increase anything. They only mine the wealth already existing, and they do it all the better, the more rationally they are contrived. There is no clearer, no more inf
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